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Alcocer Alkureishi L, Bernstein K, Hageman JR. Advice on Establishing Healthy Cell Phone Routines for Teenagers. Pediatr Ann 2024; 53:e239-e241. [PMID: 38949869 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20240529-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
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2
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Counts NZ, Avula D, Vasan A. Unregulated social media as a toxin: New York City's public health action. Lancet Psychiatry 2024; 11:490-492. [PMID: 38636531 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(24)00072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Z Counts
- New York City Department of Health & Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA.
| | - Deepa Avula
- New York City Department of Health & Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
| | - Ashwin Vasan
- New York City Department of Health & Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
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Liu X, Liu J, Flores DD, McDonald CC. Family factors related to adolescent screen media use and mental health outcomes: A systematic review and recommendation for practices. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 38922966 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Screen media serves an essential role in adolescents' lives, posing growth opportunities and mental health challenges. Family plays a crucial role in mitigating these challenges. This systematic review offers a comprehensive analysis of the family factors related to adolescent screen media use and mental health. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Embase, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using the following inclusion criteria: English, peer-reviewed, observational design, and published since 2013; adolescent samples aged 10-17 years; and examining screen media use, family factors, and internalizing problems. The role of family factors as predictors, moderators, and mediators was also examined. RESULTS Of the 3587 records, 32 met the inclusion criteria. These studies, primarily cross-sectional, presented a global perspective of 14 countries. A heterogeneous range of family factors, screen media use, and mental health outcomes were examined, revealing significant associations between elevated screen media use and internalizing problems. Positive family processes and democratic media-specific parenting mitigate such association. A few studies underscored family socioeconomic status (SES), noting elevated screen media use and mental health risks among adolescents in families of low SES. CONCLUSIONS Accumulating evidence supports the important role of positive family contexts in fostering balanced screen media use and mental health in adolescents, accentuating the need for professional screening and education to promote positive screen media use among adolescents and families. Further research requires refinement in measurement and methodology to better capture the intricate relationship between family dynamics, screen media use, and adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Liu
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jianghong Liu
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dalmacio D Flores
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Catherine C McDonald
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Injury Research Prevention at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Fassi L, Thomas K, Parry DA, Leyland-Craggs A, Ford TJ, Orben A. Social Media Use and Internalizing Symptoms in Clinical and Community Adolescent Samples: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2024:2819781. [PMID: 38913335 PMCID: PMC11197453 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.2078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Importance In response to widespread concerns about social media's influence on adolescent mental health, most research has studied adolescents from the general population, overlooking clinical groups. Objective To synthesize, quantify, and compare evidence on the association between social media use and internalizing symptoms in adolescent clinical and community samples. Data Sources Peer-reviewed publications from MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Scopus (initially reviewed in May 2022 and updated in October 2023) and preprints from Europe PubMed Central (February 2023) published in English between 2007 and 2023. Study Selection Two blinded reviewers initially identified 14 211 cross-sectional and longitudinal studies quantifying the association between social media use and internalizing symptoms, excluding experimental studies and randomized clinical trials. Data Extraction and Synthesis PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed, pooling data using a random-effects model and robust variance estimation. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Quality of Survey Studies in Psychology Checklist. Main Outcomes and Measures Articles were included if they reported at least 1 quantitative measure of social media use (time spent, active vs passive use, activity, content, user perception, and other) and internalizing symptoms (anxiety, depression, or both). Results The 143 studies reviewed included 1 094 890 adolescents and 886 effect sizes, 11% of which examined clinical samples. In these samples, a positive and significant meta-correlation was found between social media use and internalizing symptoms, both for time spent (n = 2893; r, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.15; P = .03; I2, 57.83) and user engagement (n = 859; r, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.15; P = .002; I2, 82.67). These associations mirrored those in community samples. Conclusions and Relevance The findings in this study highlight a lack of research on clinical populations, a critical gap considering public concerns about the increase in adolescent mental health symptoms at clinical levels. This paucity of evidence not only restricts the generalizability of existing research but also hinders our ability to evaluate and compare the link between social media use and mental health in clinical vs nonclinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Fassi
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsten Thomas
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas A. Parry
- Department of Information Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Amelia Leyland-Craggs
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tamsin J. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Orben
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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La Sala L, Sabo AV, Lamblin M, Robinson J. Can #chatsafe support parents and carers beyond Australia? A qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1571. [PMID: 38862974 PMCID: PMC11165895 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of self-harm and suicide are rising for young people globally and many implicate social media in this problem. To address this concern and to increase the confidence of adults to communicate safely about suicide and social media with young people, the #chatsafe Guide for Parents and Carers was developed in Australia. With significant uptake of the resource among Australian adults, the aim of the current study was to update and contextualise the #chatsafe Guide for Parents and Carers for audiences in 15 countries globally. To improve the relevance of this resource for parents and carers in these countries, the present study sought to understand the concerns held by parents, carers and suicide prevention professionals around the world about these topics and to explore the extent to which a resource such as #chatsafe would be helpful within their communities. METHODS Seven focus groups were conducted via Zoom with parents, carers and suicide prevention professionals (n = 40) from 15 countries. Transcribed data were coded and thematically analysed using both inductive and deductive processes. RESULTS Six themes are reported: (1) Two scary 'S' words; (2) Country and culture impact who talks (or is silent) about self-harm and suicide; (3) The need for a protective social ecosystem; (4) #chatsafe is a tool that can help parents, carers and young people worldwide; (5) #chatsafe should consider local context and end users to improve its relevance for parents and carers worldwide; and (6) A range of marketing and dissemination strategies are needed to reach adults with #chatsafe information. Findings of this study informed the update and contextualisation of the #chatsafe Guide for Parents and Carers for adult audiences in 15 countries. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study underscore a universal need for psychoeducation initiatives that provide adults with the skills and knowledge to support the mental health of young people, both online and offline, and that resources like #chastafe can play an important role in providing reliable information about these topics to adults across a range of cultures and contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise La Sala
- , 35 Poplar Road, Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Amanda Vittoria Sabo
- , 35 Poplar Road, Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Lamblin
- , 35 Poplar Road, Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- , 35 Poplar Road, Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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6
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Gondek D, Vandecasteele L, Sánchez-Mira N, Steinmetz S, Mehmeti T, Voorpostel M. The COVID-19 pandemic and wellbeing in Switzerland-worse for young people? Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:67. [PMID: 38844962 PMCID: PMC11157761 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00760-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key objective of our study was to describe the population-average trajectories of wellbeing, spanning the period of 2017-2022, comparing young people with other age groups. Moreover, we aimed to identify subgroups of young people who experienced disproportionate changes in wellbeing. METHODS We used longitudinal data from six waves (2017-2022) of the Swiss Household Panel. Participants were at least 14 years old in 2017 and had at least one valid composite measure of wellbeing between 2017 and 2022 (n individuals = 11,224; n observations = 49,032). The data were typically collected with telephone or web interviewing. The age of participants ranged from 14 to 102, with a roughly equal distribution of men (51.1%) and women (48.9%). We conceptualized wellbeing as positive affect and life satisfaction, negative affect, stress and psychosomatic symptoms. We described the trajectories of wellbeing using piecewise growth curve analysis. We included sociodemographic characteristics to further describe wellbeing trajectories across subgroups of young people. These comprised (1) gender, (2) migration status, (3) partnership status, (4) living with parents, (5) education/employment status, (6) household income. RESULTS Young people (age 14-25) experienced a steady decline in positive affect and life satisfaction throughout the entire period, with the greatest change occurring before the pandemic (2017-2019). The trajectories in this outcome were largely stable in other age groups. Moreover, young individuals showed a more pronounced increase in negative affect, particularly in the pre-pandemic years, compared to older groups. Negative affect increased during the pandemic, followed by a subsequent decline post-pandemic, observed similarly across all age groups. Among young people specifically, the trajectory of stress was similar to the one of negative affect. However, issues such as sleep problems, weakness, weariness, and headaches continued to increase in this population from 2017 to 2022. We also found evidence for a greater increase in negative affect during the pandemic in young women and those not in employment or education. CONCLUSIONS Given the fact that the decline in young people's wellbeing in Switzerland started two years before the pandemic, our study emphasises the importance of consideing their wellbeing within a broader systemic context beyond pandemic-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gondek
- FORS Swiss Centre of Expertise in the Social Sciences, c/o Université de Lausanne, room 5893, Géopolis, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - L Vandecasteele
- Institute of Social Sciences (ISS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Sánchez-Mira
- Institute of Sociology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - S Steinmetz
- Institute of Social Sciences (ISS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Mehmeti
- Institute of Sociology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - M Voorpostel
- FORS Swiss Centre of Expertise in the Social Sciences, c/o Université de Lausanne, room 5893, Géopolis, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Montag C, Demetrovics Z, Elhai JD, Grant D, Koning I, Rumpf HJ, M Spada M, Throuvala M, van den Eijnden R. Problematic social media use in childhood and adolescence. Addict Behav 2024; 153:107980. [PMID: 38387131 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
At the time of writing, about 4.59 billion people use social media with many adolescents using their social media accounts across a myriad of applications and platforms. According to recent statistics, in 2022 individuals spent an average of 151 minutes on social media each day, illustrating the global relevance of social media (Dixon, 2022a,b). One of the pressing questions, internationally, is whether social media use is harmful and/or addictive. This question is of particular importance because many teenagers - and younger adolescents - spend considerable time on these platforms, which have increasingly become an integral part of their lives. Moreover, considering lifespan development, adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to specific features and advertisements shown to them on social media platforms. Growing prevalence of poor mental health in young people has led to recent recommendations in the United States to routinely screen for anxiety in 8-18 year olds, and for depression and suicide risk for adolescents between 12-18 years of age (US Preventive Services Task Force et al., 2022 a,b) - the conditions often accompanying problematic social media use. The present work not only provides insights into the current state of the literature but provides also recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Jon D Elhai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Don Grant
- Center for Research and Innovation, Newport Healthcare, United States
| | - Ina Koning
- Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Melina Throuvala
- International Gaming Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK; Inclusion West Midlands Gambling Harms Clinic, Stafford, UK; Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Paediatric Psychology, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Leicester, UK
| | - Regina van den Eijnden
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Birgisson O, Hysing M, Eriksen HR, Johannsson E, Gestsdottir S. The relationship between online communication and adolescents' mental health: Long-term evaluation between genders. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:486-493. [PMID: 36964651 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231161382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In a relatively short time, online communication has become an important part of adolescents' lives, and concerns have been raised about its potential effects on mental health. The first aim was to compare mental health status and online communication in 15-year-old Icelanders born in 1988 and in 1994. The second aim was to assess whether the relationship between online communication and mental health has changed among 15-year-old Icelanders from 2003 to 2015 across genders. METHODS Analysis used data from self-reports from 2003 (N=385, 51% males) and 2015 (N=302, 42% males). Mental health was assessed with subscales of Symptom Checklist 90 and online communications with self-reports. To evaluate the difference in anxiety and depression, a factorial analysis of variance was conducted between gender and years. Multigroup structural equation modelling was used to assess the change in the relationship between years. RESULTS Symptoms of anxiety and depression remained unchanged for males. Symptoms of depression increased for females, while anxiety was stable between 2003 and 2015. In 2003, there was no relationship between online communication and mental health. However, in 2015, an association was found for females. CONCLUSIONS Depression is getting worse for adolescent females, and an association between time spent online communicating and mental health emerged for them in 2015, which did not exist in 2003. These findings add to the possibility that online communication is harmful for mental health, but more detailed studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottar Birgisson
- Centre of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Iceland
| | - Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Hege R Eriksen
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway
| | - Erlingur Johannsson
- Centre of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Iceland
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway
| | - Sunna Gestsdottir
- Centre of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Iceland
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Lahti H, Kokkonen M, Hietajärvi L, Lyyra N, Paakkari L. Social media threats and health among adolescents: evidence from the health behaviour in school-aged children study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:62. [PMID: 38812043 PMCID: PMC11138097 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media are immensely popular among adolescents. Thus, concerns have been raised about the threats adolescents encounter on social media and the possible negative health consequences, such as depressive symptoms and anxiety. This study investigated the prevalence of nine social media threats: (1) cyberbullying, (2) sexual harassment, (3) racism, (4) unauthorized distribution of sensitive material, (5) phishing attempts, (6) misinformation, (7) the sale or distribution of drugs, (8) harmful or dangerous social media challenges, (9) content causing appearance pressures. The study also investigated how individual and social factors, problematic social media use (PSMU), and online communication with strangers are associated with social media threat exposure, as well as the association between social media threats and self-rated health, depressive feelings, and anxiety symptoms. METHODS AND FINDINGS Nationally representative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) data from Finland were obtained from 2288 respondents aged 11, 13, and 15 years. Fixed effects regression models were applied. The most common threat, encountered daily and weekly, was misinformation. Regression models showed that individual and social factors, PSMU, and online communication with strangers explained adolescent exposure to social media threats in differing ways. Furthermore, certain factors (e.g., emotional intelligence, family support) were associated with encountering social media threats less frequently, whereas other factors (e.g., PSMU, online communication with strangers) were associated with more frequent encounters. Daily and weekly exposure to social media threats was systematically associated with poor self-rated health, frequent depressive feelings, and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the need for intervention and health promotion efforts to mitigate adolescent exposure to social media threats and ensuing negative health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Lahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Marja Kokkonen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lauri Hietajärvi
- Department of Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nelli Lyyra
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Leena Paakkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (L), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Shimkhada R, Ponce NA. Social Media Use and Serious Psychological Distress Among Adolescents. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2024; 7:e57041. [PMID: 38786983 PMCID: PMC11120505 DOI: 10.2196/57041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Unlabelled This Research Letter describes the increasing trend of almost-constant social media use among California adolescents and the association with serious psychological distress, focusing on the influence of familial and experiential factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Shimkhada
- Center for Health Policy Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ninez A Ponce
- Center for Health Policy Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Peng PH, Chen YL, Hsiao RC, Yen CF, Chou WJ. Internet Altruistic Behaviors in Adolescents: Roles of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Impulsiveness, and Perceived Social Support. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:433. [PMID: 38920765 PMCID: PMC11201007 DOI: 10.3390/bs14060433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the associations of an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis, impulsivity, and perceived social support with Internet altruistic behaviors (IABs) in adolescents and the associations of IABs with depression, suicidality, and nonsuicidal self-injury in this group. In total, 176 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years with ADHD and 173 adolescents without ADHD (matched with the ADHD group by sex and age) participated in this study. The adolescents rated their IABs on the Internet altruistic behavior scale, impulsivity on the Barratt impulsiveness scale version 11, and perceived family and peer support on the family and social relationship domains of the Taiwanese quality of life questionnaire for adolescents. The associations of ADHD, impulsivity, and social support with IABs and the associations of IABs with depression, suicidality, and nonsuicidal self-injury were examined through multivariable linear regression analysis. The present study found that more time spent on the Internet (p < 0.001), greater perceived peer support (p < 0.001), greater impulsiveness characterized by a lack of self-control and perseverance (p < 0.001), poorer ability to plan and look ahead (p < 0.001), and an ADHD diagnosis (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with a higher level of IABs. IABs were not significantly associated with severe depression, suicidality, or nonsuicidal self-injury (all p > 0.05). The results of this study indicated that multiple individual and social factors were associated with IABs in adolescents. IABs were not significantly associated with severe depression, suicidality, or nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Han Peng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Lung Chen
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Ray C. Hsiao
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
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12
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Birgisson O, Eriksen HR, Hysing M, Johannsson E, Gestsdottir S. Adolescent mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness: A comparison of two cohorts 12 years apart. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300810. [PMID: 38748628 PMCID: PMC11095746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of adolescents in two cross-sectional cohorts, one measured in 2003 and the other in 2015, both at age 15 and across sexes. The study also sought to estimate the association between mental health and CRF in the two cohorts and examine the relationship between the level of CRF and mental health in each cohort overall and by sex. Data from 443 participants born in 1988 (228 males, 215 females) and 303 participants born in 1999 (126 males, 177 females) were analyzed. Mental health was assessed using self-reports of body image, self-esteem, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. CRF was estimated using a maximal cycle ergometer test. From 2003 to 2015, body image scores improved (p = .043), self-esteem remained stable, and CRF declined significantly (p < .001). No self-esteem differences were observed between sexes in any cohort. Males had higher CRF and body image scores than females in both cohorts (p < .001 for all comparisons). Higher CRF correlated with fewer depressive symptoms across sexes and cohorts. Specifically, higher CRF was associated with anxiety in females and improved body image in males (2003) and both sexes (2015). Increased CRF was linked to higher self-esteem in females but not in males. Overall, higher CRF levels were associated with better mental health outcomes for both sexes. These results highlight the potential of improving adolescent mental health through increased physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottar Birgisson
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hege R. Eriksen
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erlingur Johannsson
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sunna Gestsdottir
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Halámek F, Světlák M, Malatincová T, Halámková J, Slezáčková A, Barešová Z, Lekárová M. Enhancing patient well-being in oncology waiting rooms: a pilot field experiment on the emotional impact of virtual forest therapy. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1392397. [PMID: 38800677 PMCID: PMC11117429 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1392397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study explores the emotional impact of virtual forest therapy delivered through audio-visual recordings shown to patients in the oncology waiting rooms, focusing on whether simulated forest walks can positively influence patients' emotional states compared to traditional waiting room stimuli. Methods The study involved 117 participants from a diverse group of oncology patients in the outpatient clinic waiting room at the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute. Using a partially randomized controlled trial design, the study assessed basic emotional dimensions-valence and arousal-as well as specific psychological states such as thought control, sadness, anxiety, and pain. This assessment used the Self-Assessment Manikin and the modified Emotional Thermometer before and after participants watched three video types (forest, sea, news). Baseline stress levels were measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Results Participants exposed to forest and sea videos reported significant improvements in emotional valence and reduced arousal, suggesting a calming and uplifting effect. No significant changes were observed in the control and news groups. Secondary outcomes related to anxiety, sadness, and pain showed no significant interaction effects, though small but significant main effects of time on these variables were noted. Discussion The findings suggest that videos of forest and sea can be a beneficial intervention in the oncology waiting rooms by enhancing patients' emotional well-being. This pilot study underscores the potential for integrating virtual mental health support elements into healthcare settings to improve patient care experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Halámek
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Světlák
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Tatiana Malatincová
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jana Halámková
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Alena Slezáčková
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zdeňka Barešová
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Monika Lekárová
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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14
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Caron MÈ, Maltais N, Corriveau S, Rassy J. The use of information and communication technologies by adolescents living with a mental illness in the past 5 years: Scoping review. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38590128 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) is a huge part of adolescents' lives, especially by those living with a mental illness. However, very few studies explore their experience with the use of ICT and how it affects their health. The purpose of this study was to better understand the use of ICT by adolescents living with a mental illness. A scoping review was undertaken using Arksey and O'Malley's method to explore this understudied topic. The following databases were searched: Medline, CINAHL and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection. Studies published between 2017 and 2022 were included. Data were analysed using a data extraction and an analysis grid developed by the research team. Of 1984 articles, only seven met the inclusion criteria. These articles allowed for a better understanding of the type of mental illness these young ICT users had, the type of ICT they use and their overall experience using ICT. The diagnoses most associated with the use of these ICT were suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety and eating illnesss. Types of ICT used were very diverse and adolescents had both positive and negative experiences using these ICT. Very few interventions using ICT were developed according to the needs of adolescents with mental illness. These adolescents often cope with the help of ICT and can have an overall positive experience. Their experience can also be negative as some of them were exposed to suicide-related and violent content. Future research is needed to better understand the best ICT interventions for these young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Ève Caron
- Faculté de médecine et sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Maltais
- Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le suicide, enjeux éthiques et pratiques de fin de vie (CRISE), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Réseau de recherche en interventions en sciences infirmières du Québec (RRISIQ), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stacy Corriveau
- Faculté de médecine et sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica Rassy
- Faculté de médecine et sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le suicide, enjeux éthiques et pratiques de fin de vie (CRISE), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Réseau de recherche en interventions en sciences infirmières du Québec (RRISIQ), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Van de Casteele M, Flamant N, Ponnet K, Soenens B, Van Hees V, Vansteenkiste M. Adolescents' mental health in the social-media era: The role of offline and online need-based experiences. J Adolesc 2024; 96:612-631. [PMID: 38112170 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Debate about the precise role of social media use (SMU) in the mental health of today's adolescents is still ongoing. The present study adds to the literature by focusing on adolescents' experiences during SMU and in their offline activities through the lens of basic psychological needs, which are central to self-determination theory. METHODS To examine the joint and supplementary effects of need-experiences in the offline and SMU domain (i.e., SMU satisfaction, offline satisfaction, SMU frustration, offline frustration) on several indicators of adolescents' mental health (i.e., vitality, life satisfaction, sleep quality, anxiety, and depression), polynomial regression analyses were used. Three cross-sectional samples were collected in Belgium, including early to mid-adolescents during the COVID-pandemic (Sample 1; N = 447; Mage = 14.26; 54.4% female) as well as postpandemic (Sample 2; N = 179, Mage = 15.25; 54.2% female), and among college students in postpandemic times (Sample 3; N = 4977; Mage = 20.72; 69.1% female). RESULTS The results showed that need-experiences common to both domains were a robust factor associated with mental health. This finding was obtained across all samples and outcomes, with need satisfaction playing a beneficial and need frustration a harmful role. We further found that offline need-experiences serve as a more crucial predictor of adolescents' mental health than need experiences on social media. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents' experiences of need satisfaction and need frustration on social media and in offline activities are central to their mental health. However, only relying on SMU as a single source of need satisfaction may not be recommended, given that offline experiences seem to be more decisive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Van de Casteele
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nele Flamant
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Ponnet
- Media Innovation and Communication Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Soenens
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valerie Van Hees
- Support Centre Inclusive Higher Education (SIHO), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vansteenkiste
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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16
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Odgers CL. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? Nature 2024; 628:29-30. [PMID: 38553538 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
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17
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Keyes KM, Platt JM. Annual Research Review: Sex, gender, and internalizing conditions among adolescents in the 21st century - trends, causes, consequences. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:384-407. [PMID: 37458091 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Internalizing conditions of psychopathology include depressive and anxiety disorders; they most often onset in adolescence, are relatively common, and contribute to significant population morbidity and mortality. In this research review, we present the evidence that internalizing conditions, including depression and anxiety, as well as psychological distress, suicidal thoughts and self-harm, and fatal suicide, are considerably increasing in adolescent populations across many countries. Evidence indicates that increases are currently greatest in female adolescents. We present an epidemiological framework for evaluating the causes of these increases, and synthesize research on whether several established risk factors (e.g., age of pubertal transition and stressful life events) and novel risk factors (e.g., digital technology and social media) meet conditions necessary to be plausible causes of increases in adolescent internalizing conditions. We conclude that there are a multitude of potential causes of increases in adolescent internalizing conditions, outline evidence gaps including the lack of research on nonbinary and gender nonconforming populations, and recommend necessary prevention and intervention foci from a clinical and public health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan M Platt
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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18
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Stea TH, Bonsaksen T, Smith P, Kleppang AL, Steigen AM, Leonhardt M, Lien L, Vettore MV. Are social pressure, bullying and low social support associated with depressive symptoms, self-harm and self-directed violence among adolescents? A cross-sectional study using a structural equation modeling approach. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:239. [PMID: 38553669 PMCID: PMC10981317 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More in-depth evidence about the complex relationships between different risk factors and mental health among adolescents has been warranted. Thus, the aim of the study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of experiencing social pressure, bullying, and low social support on mental health problems in adolescence. METHODS A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 among 15 823 Norwegian adolescents, aged 13-19 years. Structural Equation Modelling was used to assess the relationships between socioeconomic status, social pressure, bullying, social support, depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicide thoughts. RESULTS Poor family economy and low parental education were associated with high pressure, low parental support and depressive symptoms in males and females. Moreover, poor family economy was associated with bullying perpetration and bullying victimization among males and females, and cyberbullying victimization among females, but not males. Low parental education was associated with bullying victimization among males, but not females. Further, high social pressure was associated with depressive symptoms among males and females, whereas high social pressure was linked to self-harm and suicide thoughts among females, but not males. Bullying victimization and cyberbullying victimization were associated with depressive symptoms, self-harm, and suicide thoughts among males and females. Bullying victimization was associated with depressive symptoms among males, but not females, whereas bullying perpetration was linked to self-harm and suicide thoughts among females, but not males. Low parental support was associated with bullying perpetration, bullying victimization, depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicide thoughts among males and females, whereas low parental support was associated with high social pressure among females, but not males. Low teacher support was associated with high social pressure and depressive symptoms. Low support from friends was associated with bullying victimization, depressive symptoms and suicide thoughts among males and females, whereas low support from friends was linked to self-harm among males, but not females. Finally, results showed that depressive symptoms were associated with self-harm and suicide thoughts among males and females. CONCLUSION Low socioeconomic status, social pressure, bullying and low social support were directly and indirectly associated with depressive symptoms and self-directed violence among Norwegian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonje Holte Stea
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Department of Health, VID Specialized University, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Pierre Smith
- Health information service. Epidemiology and public health. Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annette Løvheim Kleppang
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Steigen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Marja Leonhardt
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Lars Lien
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
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Herrmann L, Barkmann C, Bindt C, Hohmann S, Fahrenkrug S, Becker-Hebly I. How social is social media for transgender and gender-diverse youth? Association of online social experiences with internalizing mental health problems. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02396-9. [PMID: 38493430 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Adolescents spend a critical amount of their free time on the Internet and social media. Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents, who report elevated rates of mental health issues, especially internalizing problems, have both positive and negative online social experiences (e.g., support and cyberbullying). This can have both beneficial and/or harmful effects on their mental health. Given the lack of research, the present study examined TGD adolescents' online (social) experiences and the association of positive and negative online social experiences with internalizing problems. The sample consisted of n = 165 TGD adolescents (11-18 years) diagnosed with gender dysphoria who attended a Gender Identity Service for children and adolescents (Hamburg GIS) in Germany between January 2020 and December 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Positive (use of online support networks) and negative online social experiences (cyberbullying or other adverse online interactions) were assessed using study-specific items and internalizing problems using the Youth Self-Report. Frequencies of various online (social) experiences were analyzed, and a multiple linear regression analysis was performed to test their association with internalizing problems. In total, 42% of participants reported positive online social experiences (use of online support networks) and 51% of participants reported negative online social experiences (cyberbullying or other adverse online interactions). There was no significant association between negative online social experiences and internalizing problems but between positive online social experiences and more internalizing problems (adjusted R2 = .01). TGD adolescents may seek online support, especially when struggling with mental health problems. Therefore, it is crucial to support youth navigating these online spaces more safely and positively and to empower them to buffer against potentially harmful experiences. Furthermore, strengthening offline relations with peers and family members is pivotal, given their importance for TGD adolescents' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Herrmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Claus Barkmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carola Bindt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Fahrenkrug
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Inga Becker-Hebly
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Moreno MA, Dixon LB, Jankowski S, Adler DA, Berlant J, Brunette MF, Castillo EG, Edwards ML, Erlich MD, First MB, Kozloff N, Oslin D, Siris S, Talley RM. The Need to Adapt the Psychiatric Clinical Assessment to the Digital Age: A Practical Approach. Psychiatr Serv 2024:appips20230399. [PMID: 38477835 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The use of electronic devices and social media is becoming a ubiquitous part of most people's lives. Although researchers are exploring the sequelae of such use, little attention has been given to the importance of digital media use in routine psychiatric assessments of patients. The nature of technology use is relevant to understanding a patient's lifestyle and activities, the same way that it is important to evaluate the patient's occupation, functioning, and general activities. The authors propose a framework for psychiatric inquiry into digital media use, emphasizing that such inquiry should focus on quality of use, including emotional and behavioral consequences, rather than simply the amount of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A Moreno
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Lisa B Dixon
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Samantha Jankowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - David A Adler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Jeff Berlant
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Mary F Brunette
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Enrico G Castillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Matthew L Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Matthew D Erlich
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Michael B First
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Nicole Kozloff
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - David Oslin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Sam Siris
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
| | - Rachel M Talley
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Moreno); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Dixon, Jankowski, Erlich, First); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston (Adler); Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation Center, Novato, California (Berlant); Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, and Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, New Hampshire (Brunette); Department of Psychiatry, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Castillo); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Edwards); Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto (Kozloff); Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Oslin, Talley); U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, Philadelphia (Oslin); Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York (Siris)
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21
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Motta M, Liu Y, Yarnell A. "Influencing the influencers:" a field experimental approach to promoting effective mental health communication on TikTok. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5864. [PMID: 38467750 PMCID: PMC10928193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A substantial body of social scientific research considers the negative mental health consequences of social media use on TikTok. Fewer, however, consider the potentially positive impact that mental health content creators ("influencers") on TikTok can have to improve health outcomes; including the degree to which the platform exposes users to evidence-based mental health communication. Our novel, influencer-led approach remedies this shortcoming by attempting to change TikTok creator content-producing behavior via a large, within-subject field experiment (N = 105 creators with a reach of over 16.9 million viewers; N = 3465 unique videos). Our randomly-assigned field intervention exposed influencers on the platform to either (a) asynchronous digital (.pdf) toolkits, or (b) both toolkits and synchronous virtual training sessions that aimed to promote effective evidence-based mental health communication (relative to a control condition, exposed to neither intervention). We find that creators treated with our asynchronous toolkits-and, in some cases, those also attending synchronous training sessions-were significantly more likely to (i) feature evidence-based mental health content in their videos and (ii) generate video content related to mental health issues. Moderation analyses further reveal that these effects are not limited to only those creators with followings under 2 million users. Importantly, we also document large system-level effects of exposure to our interventions; such that TikTok videos featuring evidence-based content received over half a million additional views in the post-intervention period in the study's treatment groups, while treatment group mental health content (in general) received over three million additional views. We conclude by discussing how simple, cost-effective, and influencer-led interventions like ours can be deployed at scale to influence mental health content on TikTok.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Motta
- Department of Health Law, Policy, & Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
| | - Yuning Liu
- Center for Health Communication, Harvard University TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Amanda Yarnell
- Center for Health Communication, Harvard University TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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22
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Heiss R, Bode L, Adisuryo ZM, Brito L, Cuadra A, Gao P, Han Y, Hearst M, Huang K, Kinyua A, Lin T, Ma Y, Manion TO, Roh Y, Salazar A, Yue S, Zhang P. Debunking Mental Health Misperceptions in Short-Form Social Media Videos: An Experimental Test of Scientific Credibility Cues. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38389200 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2301201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, short-form social media videos have emerged as an important source of health-related advice. In this study, we investigate whether experts or ordinary users in such videos are more effective in debunking the common misperception that talking about suicide should be avoided. We also explore a new trend on TikTok and other platforms, in which users attempt to back up their arguments by displaying scientific articles in the background of their videos. To test the effect of source type (expert vs. ordinary user) and scientific references (present or absent), we conducted a 2 × 2 between-subject plus control group experiment (n = 956). In each condition, participants were shown a TikTok video that was approximately 30 seconds long. Our findings show that in all four treatment groups, participants reduced their misperceptions on the topic. The expert was rated as being more authoritative on the topic compared to the ordinary user. However, the expert was also rated as being less credible compared to the ordinary user. The inclusion of a scientific reference did not make a difference. Thus, both experts and ordinary users may be similarly persuasive in a short-form video environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffael Heiss
- Center for Social & Health Innovation, MCI - The Entrepreneurial School
| | - Leticia Bode
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | | | - Livia Brito
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Ana Cuadra
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Peng Gao
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Yi Han
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Megan Hearst
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Kexin Huang
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Andrea Kinyua
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Tianan Lin
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Yuwei Ma
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | | | - Youngjoo Roh
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Ariana Salazar
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Siqi Yue
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- Communication, Culture, and Technology Program, Georgetown University
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23
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Marsh S, Chu JTW, Calder AJ. 'I tried to take my phone off my daughter, and i got hit in the face': a qualitative study of parents' challenges with adolescents' screen use and a toolbox of their tips. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:217. [PMID: 38238727 PMCID: PMC10797941 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns about adolescent screen use are often expressed but poorly understood, particularly in terms of how parents are supposed to respond in ways that balance safety, care and developing independence and autonomy. This qualitative study investigated parental perceptions and concerns about screen use of adolescents aged 13 to 17. Current strategies to manage screen use and barriers to doing so were explored, and parents were asked to outline recommended interventions for better outcomes. METHODS Interviews and focus groups were held with 33 adults in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand (mean age 48 years) who were parenting adolescents (mean age 14 years). Interviews were transcribed verbatim, then inductive analysis and interpretation by the research team distilled the key ideas and illustrative quotes. A table of recommendations for a practical 'toolbox' was developed from these in-depth conversations. RESULTS Parents reported extensive use of screens by their adolescents, constantly throughout the day (and night, instead of sleeping). Four areas of specific concern included: (1) addict-like behavior, (2) exposure to harmful (and inane) content, (3) living in a virtual world, and (4) negative impacts on physical, mental, and cognitive wellbeing. To manage adolescent screen use, family rules and restrictions (on time and place) were common. Some used technical control via software or accessing the adolescent's devices and/or accounts to check for inappropriate content (such as pornography). Communication about device use and self-regulation were important. Barriers to managing screen use included trying to avoid conflict with their child; difficulties with consistency or follow-through on rules; lack of technical knowledge; parental screen use that set a bad example; and device use needed for school or other purposes. Recommendations from parents are presented in a toolbox of tips and techniques they shared, and their 'wish list' for better access to practical, local, scientific information, examples of techniques that have worked for other families, tools for problematic behavior and risk (including how to begin conversations with adolescents about their concerns), and having schools and young people involved in developing interventions to build digital citizenship. CONCLUSIONS Rich, nuanced accounts from parents about adolescent screen use in their families and communities underpinned their practical ideas for more skillful responses to young people grappling with an addictive digital existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Marsh
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | | | - Amanda Jane Calder
- National Institute for Health Innovation, UniServices, Auckland, New Zealand
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24
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Sanders T, Noetel M, Parker P, Del Pozo Cruz B, Biddle S, Ronto R, Hulteen R, Parker R, Thomas G, De Cocker K, Salmon J, Hesketh K, Weeks N, Arnott H, Devine E, Vasconcellos R, Pagano R, Sherson J, Conigrave J, Lonsdale C. An umbrella review of the benefits and risks associated with youths' interactions with electronic screens. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:82-99. [PMID: 37957284 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The influence of electronic screens on the health of children and adolescents and their education is not well understood. In this prospectively registered umbrella review (PROSPERO identifier CRD42017076051 ), we harmonized effects from 102 meta-analyses (2,451 primary studies; 1,937,501 participants) of screen time and outcomes. In total, 43 effects from 32 meta-analyses met our criteria for statistical certainty. Meta-analyses of associations between screen use and outcomes showed small-to-moderate effects (range: r = -0.14 to 0.33). In education, results were mixed; for example, screen use was negatively associated with literacy (r = -0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.20 to -0.09, P ≤ 0.001, k = 38, N = 18,318), but this effect was positive when parents watched with their children (r = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.28, P = 0.028, k = 12, N = 6,083). In health, we found evidence for several small negative associations; for example, social media was associated with depression (r = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.19, P ≤ 0.001, k = 12, N = 93,740). Limitations of our review include the limited number of studies for each outcome, medium-to-high risk of bias in 95 out of 102 included meta-analyses and high heterogeneity (17 out of 22 in education and 20 out of 21 in health with I2 > 50%). We recommend that caregivers and policymakers carefully weigh the evidence for potential harms and benefits of specific types of screen use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taren Sanders
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Michael Noetel
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Philip Parker
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Stuart Biddle
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Sport and Health Scienchresholds for statistical credibilites, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ryan Hulteen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Rhiannon Parker
- The Centre for Social Impact, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George Thomas
- The Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Department of Movement and Sport Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole Weeks
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hugh Arnott
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma Devine
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roberta Vasconcellos
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Pagano
- School of Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jamie Sherson
- School of Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Conigrave
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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25
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Drevland IS, Asbjørnslett M, Sveen U, Groven KS. Occupational experiences and their importance for young peoples' mental health. Scand J Occup Ther 2024; 31:2341779. [PMID: 38626736 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2024.2341779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young peoples' mental health challenges have increased in recent years to become an urgent public health issue. Research is required to gain a better understanding of how occupations influence young peoples' everyday lives and support their mental health. AIM How do young people experience engaging in various occupations in their daily lives, and how do these experiences shape their mental health? METHOD Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 Norwegian young people aged 13-16 years. Verbatim transcriptions of the interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Four core themes emerged: 'doing' for balance and stability; self-discovery through doing; intentional doing to recharge and feel free; and reflecting on the consequences of doing social media. CONCLUSIONS Young peoples' occupational experiences shape their mental health in several ways: they serve as coping strategies, as a means to experience joy and accomplishment, and as a source of routines and opportunities for relaxation. We suggest that health-promoting initiatives for young people would strongly benefit from the inclusion of an occupational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvill Sørensen Drevland
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mona Asbjørnslett
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Sveen
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karen Synne Groven
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences, VID Specialized University Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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26
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Ma L, Wang H, Zhang M, Zu Z, Yang L, Chen F, Wei W, Li X. Effects of smartphone-based hypnotic intervention for undergraduate students' shyness during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial. Work 2024; 77:1059-1069. [PMID: 38143402 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, university students have been exposed to a heightened vulnerability towards developing psychological issues, such as psychological distress and shyness. Internet-based interventions offer a convenient avenue for scalability, thus prompting the development of a smartphone-based hypnotic intervention aimed at addressing shyness among university students. OBJECTIVE We devised an innovative smartphone-based hypnotic intervention called mHypnosis to examine its impact on shyness among undergraduate students. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate whether the apprehension of negative evaluations before treatment could serve as a predictor for the effectiveness of the intervention on shyness. METHODS Eighty students with high shyness scores were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. Another 40 participants with low shyness score were selected as the baseline group. The Shyness Scale (SS), Fear of Negative evaluation scale (FNE), Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ), and Self-Esteem Scale (SES) were used to evaluate the effect of hypnotic intervention. RESULTS Before the intervention, the scores of the experimental and control groups on the SS, FNE, SAQ, and SES were higher than those in the baseline group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in scores between the experimental and control group (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the scores of the SS, FNE, SAQ, and SES were significantly lower in the experimental group than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The pretest score of FNE could predict the shyness score after hypnotic intervention (B = 0.35, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Smartphone-based hypnotic intervention had a significant effect on ameliorating shyness during the COVID-19 pandemic; fear of negative evaluation can be a target for treating shyness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Ma
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huixue Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenyue Zu
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Linxi Yang
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fenglan Chen
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenzhuo Wei
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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27
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Qiao W, Yan Z, Wang X. When the clock chimes: The impact of on-the-hour effects on user anxiety content generation in social media platforms. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:69-78. [PMID: 37820955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth of social media platforms has created a plethora of user-generated content, and social media has become an important channel of users to express their emotions. Although many studies have explored the influencing factors on user-generated content, there is an insufficient understanding the impact temporal cues on mental health content generation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore how the on-the-hour time points affect users' anxiety content generation on social media platforms. Further, this study investigates the difference between weekdays and weekends, and the moderating effects of regional economic levels. METHODS We collected information on 2,543,902 user-generated anxiety-related posts from a leading social media platform in China. Then, we used fixed effect models to analyze the relationship between on-the-hour time points and user anxiety content generation. RESULTS The results show that on-the-hour time points affect user anxiety-related content generation, especially at the beginning of each hour (β = 894.564, p < 0.01). And the impact is greater on weekdays (β = 774.695, p < 0.01) than on weekends (β = 119.869, p < 0.01). Furthermore, regional economic moderates the impact, the better the economic condition, the greater the impact. LIMITATIONS Limitations include incomplete coverage of patient types and a single anxiety dictionary. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovers the relationship between temporal cues and user-generated anxiety content, providing new insights into the mental illness observation, and provides insights for mental health services providers and designers of online social platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxin Qiao
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhijun Yan
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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28
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Weigle PE, Shafi RMA. Social Media and Youth Mental Health. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2024; 26:1-8. [PMID: 38103128 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01478-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review recent evidence regarding the relationship between the social media (SM) habits, experiences, and the mental health of youth. We examine effects of social media use (SMU) on specific diagnoses including depression and anxiety. The relationship between psychiatric illness, specific SM experiences, and the issue of SM mental health contagion is also explored. RECENT FINDINGS Youth engagement in SMU has increased dramatically in recent years, concurrent with increases in prevalence of depression and anxiety. The relationship between SMU and mental illness is complex and depends on characteristics of the user (e.g., social comparison and fear of missing out (FOMO) and their SM habits and experiences (e.g., cyberbullying, and sexting,). SM engagement has distinct impacts on anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Growing evidence documents how SM may be a medium for psychiatric contagion. Research findings are largely correlational and dependent on subjective report, limiting their interpretation. The mental health of youth is increasingly tied to their SMU, depending greatly on how youth engage with SM and resultant feedback. Future research must look to establish causality in relationships between SM and mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Weigle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
- Quinnipiac University School of Medicine, North Haven, USA.
- Hartford Healthcare, 189 Storrs Road, Mansfield Center, CT, 06250, USA.
| | - Reem M A Shafi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Cairns, QLD, Australia
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29
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Finserås TR, Hjetland GJ, Sivertsen B, Colman I, Hella RT, Andersen AIO, Skogen JC. Reexploring Problematic Social Media Use and Its Relationship with Adolescent Mental Health. Findings from the "LifeOnSoMe"-Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5101-5111. [PMID: 38144231 PMCID: PMC10748861 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s435578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous approaches used to assess problematic social media use risk inflating prevalence numbers and classifying unproblematic social media use as problematic. The main aim of this study was to take an exploratory view as to how different types of activities, experiences, and motivations on social media are associated with problematic mental health outcomes in adolescents. Patients and Methods This study is based on a cross-sectional survey of 2023 adolescents (mean age 17.4 years (SD 0.9), 44.4% males) from the year 2020. Exploratory graph analysis and exploratory factor analysis were performed on 28 pre-selected items assessing adolescents' use of social media, to identify underlying potentially problematic factors associated with social media use. Sets of gender-adjusted multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the degree to which social media factors predicted depression, anxiety, well-being, and time spent on social media. Results Three factors were identified: 1) "subjective overuse", 2) "social obligations", and 3) "source of concern". All three factors showed significant positive associations with mental health problems. The factor "source of concern", which identifies feelings of being overwhelmed and concerned over social media use, had the strongest association to mental health problems and simultaneously the weakest association to time spent on social media. Conclusion Three identified factors measuring problematic social media use showed positive associations with mental health problems. This lends support to the notion that problematic social media use is a multidimensional phenomenon and demonstrates the need to move beyond addiction criteria when assessing problematic social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turi Reiten Finserås
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnhild Johnsen Hjetland
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Randi Træland Hella
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
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Brunette MF, Erlich MD, Edwards ML, Adler DA, Berlant J, Dixon L, First MB, Oslin DW, Siris SG, Talley RM. Addressing the Increasing Mental Health Distress and Mental Illness Among Young Adults in the United States. J Nerv Ment Dis 2023; 211:961-967. [PMID: 38015186 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Recent surveys show rising numbers of young people who report anxiety and depression. Although much attention has focused on mental health of adolescent youth, less attention has been paid to young people as they transition into adulthood. Multiple factors may have contributed to this steady increase: greater exposure to social media, information, and distressing news via personal electronic devices; increased concerns regarding social determinants of health and climate change; and changing social norms due to increased mental health literacy and reduced stigma. The COVID-19 pandemic may have temporarily exacerbated symptoms and impacted treatment availability. Strategies to mitigate causal factors for depression and anxiety in young adults may include education and skills training for cognitive, behavioral, and social coping strategies, as well as healthier use of technology and social media. Policies must support the availability of health insurance and treatment, and clinicians can adapt interventions to encompass the specific concerns and needs of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Brunette
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Matthew D Erlich
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute/Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Matthew L Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - David A Adler
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey Berlant
- Canyon Manor Mental Health Rehabilitation, Novato, California
| | - Lisa Dixon
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Michael B First
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - David W Oslin
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel G Siris
- Department of Psychiatry, Donna and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York
| | - Rachel M Talley
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Fazel M, Soneson E. Current evidence and opportunities in child and adolescent public mental health: a research review. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:1699-1719. [PMID: 37771261 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A public mental health lens is increasingly required to better understand the complex and multifactorial influences of interpersonal, community and institutional systems on the mental health of children and adolescents. METHODS This research review (1) provides an overview of public mental health and proposes a new interactional schema that can guide research and practice, (2) summarises recent evidence on public mental health interventions for children and adolescents, (3) highlights current challenges for this population that might benefit from additional attention and (4) discusses methodological and conceptual hurdles and proposes potential solutions. RESULTS In our evidence review, a broad range of universal, selective and indicated interventions with a variety of targets, mechanisms and settings were identified, some of which (most notably parenting programmes and various school-based interventions) have demonstrated small-to-modest positive effects. Few, however, have achieved sustained mental health improvements. CONCLUSIONS There is an opportunity to re-think how public mental health interventions are designed, evaluated and implemented. Deliberate design, encompassing careful consideration of the aims and population-level impacts of interventions, complemented by measurement that embraces complexity through more in-depth characterisation, or 'phenotyping', of interpersonal and environmental elements is needed. Opportunities to improve child and adolescent mental health outcomes are gaining unprecedented momentum. Innovative new methodology, heightened public awareness, institutional interest and supportive funding can enable enhanced study of public mental health that does not shy away from complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Fazel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma Soneson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Harness J, Domoff SE, Rollings H. Social Media Use and Youth Mental Health: Intervention-Focused Future Directions. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2023; 25:865-871. [PMID: 38008814 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to highlight the challenges related to the study of the relationship between social media use and youth mental health and propose a path forward in intervention-focused research. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings relay the need to conceptualize the effects of social media use on youth mental health in a nuanced way. Unique, discrete social media experiences may either contribute to an individual's well-being, ill-being, or both. Social media use may contribute to well-being for one person, but ill-being for another. Similarly, social media use may contribute to well-being for one person at one point in their life but then contribute to ill-being at a different point in their life. As such, it is difficult to make broad overarching conclusions about this incredibly nuanced relationship. Intervention-focused research include authors' plans to create a social media single session intervention (SSI) designed to promote insight about social media's effects on well- or ill-being, as well as self-efficacy and knowledge to make changes to social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Harness
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
| | - Sarah E Domoff
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, USA
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Gingras MP, Brendgen M, Beauchamp MH, Séguin JR, Tremblay RE, Côté SM, Herba CM. Adolescents and Social Media: Longitudinal Links Between Types of Use, Problematic Use and Internalizing Symptoms. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:1641-1655. [PMID: 37294375 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining the associations between adolescent social media use and depression/anxiety symptoms show inconsistent results and do not elucidate the direction of associations. Differences in how studies operationalize social media use and consider potential moderating effects of sex and extraversion could contribute to inconsistencies. A distinction has been made between three types of social media use: passive, active and problematic. This study examined longitudinal associations between these types of adolescents' social media use and depression/anxiety symptoms and moderation effects of sex or extraversion. At ages 13 (T1) and 14 (T2), 257 adolescents completed an online questionnaire regarding their depression and anxiety symptoms and problematic social media use as well as three social media use diaries. Cross-lagged panel modeling (CLPM) revealed a positive association between problematic use and later anxiety symptoms (β = .16, p = .010). Extraversion moderated the association between active use and anxiety (β = -.14, p = .032). Specifically, active use predicted higher subsequent anxiety symptoms only in adolescents with low to moderate levels of extraversion. No sex moderation was found. While social media use (active or problematic) predicted later anxiety symptoms (but not depression), the reverse was not the case. However, highly extraverted individuals seem to be less vulnerable to potential negative effects of social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pier Gingras
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, H3C3P8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mara Brendgen
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, H3C3P8, Montreal, Canada
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine , Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Miriam H Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), Canada
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine , Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Jean R Séguin
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine , Montréal (Québec), Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), Canada
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine , Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine , Montréal (Québec), Canada
- School of Public Health (ESPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Catherine M Herba
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, H3C3P8, Montreal, Canada.
- Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine , Montréal (Québec), Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), Canada.
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Moreno MA, Klein JD, Kaseeska K, Gorzkowski J, Harris D, Davis J, Gotlieb E, Wasserman R. A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Primary Care Provider-Delivered Social Media Counseling Intervention. J Adolesc Health 2023; 73:924-930. [PMID: 37578406 PMCID: PMC10592061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence and clinical policy support that providers screen and counsel for media use for youth, but most pediatricians lack this training. The purpose of this study was to test a primary care provider (PCP)-delivered intervention to promote safe social media use among youth. METHODS We enrolled pediatric PCP practices for this clinical trial to test a social media counseling intervention (SMCI) between 2011 and 2013. Youth were recruited during clinic visits; follow-up interviews were conducted at 6 months. Outcomes included media behaviors and caregiver communication. Multivariate regression models examined associations between social media counseling and PCP counseling score. Multivariate logistic regression evaluated four social media behavior outcomes. RESULTS A total of 120 practices enrolled; PCPs in the SMCI were more likely to provide social media counseling (B = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-1.7). Youth whose PCP received the SMCI were twice as likely to report a decrease in online "friending" of strangers (adjusted odds ratio = 2.23, 95% CI 1.17-4.25) and were more likely to report communication with their caregivers about their social media use (adjusted odds ratio = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.1-1.4) compared to youth whose PCPs were in the active control group. DISCUSSION Youth whose PCP had received social media counseling training reported a higher receipt of counseling about social media and improved safety behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, Madison.
| | - Jonathan D Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Julius B. Richmond Center of Excellence, American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois
| | - Kristen Kaseeska
- Julius B. Richmond Center of Excellence, American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois
| | - Julie Gorzkowski
- Julius B. Richmond Center of Excellence, American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois
| | - Donna Harris
- Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS), American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois
| | - James Davis
- Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS), American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois
| | - Edward Gotlieb
- Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS), American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois
| | - Richard Wasserman
- Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS), American Academy of Pediatrics, Itasca, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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Zhang W, Jiang F, Zhu Y, Zhang Q. Risks of passive use of social network sites in youth athletes: a moderated mediation analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1219190. [PMID: 37965659 PMCID: PMC10641791 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1219190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the popularity of social media platforms, the use of social networks challenges the well-being and mental health of athletes. Motivation Despite ongoing scholarly discussions about the effects of passive use of social network sites, few studies have examined the relationship between the passive use of social network sites and mental health in young athletes from a social comparison perspective. Hypothesis To address this research gap, we draw on the social comparison and developmental systems theories to explore the mediating effect of upward social comparison on passive social network site use and mental health, as well as the moderating effects of positive psychological capital. Methods We analyzed data about 350 young athletes from professional Chinese sports universities. Results As predicted, passive use of social network sites by young athletes increased anxiety (β = 0.26, p < 0.001) and decreased subjective well-being (β = -0.35, p < 0.001). Upward social comparisons had positive (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) and negative (β = -0.34, p < 0.001) mediating effects in passive social network site use and anxiety/subjective well-being. Positive psychological capital played a moderating effect between upward social comparison and anxiety (β = -0.28, p < 0.001), and subjective well-being (β = 0.24, p < 0.001); the moderated mediation effect was also supported. Conclusion Our study informs the current research by highlighting the importance of upward social comparison as a critical mechanism and positive psychological capital as a boundary condition. We suggest actively maintaining and enhancing positive psychological capital to mitigate the adverse effects of upward social comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Zhang
- School of Sports Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Business Administration, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuanjiao Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Woosuk University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Sports, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou, China
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Si E, Lee G, Lee IH, Lee JY. The Significance of Digital Citizenship and Gender in the Relationship between Social Media Usage Time and Self-Esteem among Adolescents: A Secondary Analysis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1561. [PMID: 37761522 PMCID: PMC10529866 DOI: 10.3390/children10091561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the significance of digital citizenship and gender in the relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem among adolescents. This cross-sectional study was a secondary analysis using national data on 506 Korean adolescents acquired from the 2020 Korea Media Panel Survey. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro. We found that the moderated moderating effects of digital citizenship and gender on the relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem were significant. Both boys and girls had higher self-esteem in groups with higher digital citizenship than in groups with lower digital citizenship. The relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem for boys was positive in the high digital citizenship group and negative in the low digital citizenship group. Conversely, for girls, the relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem was positive in the low digital citizenship group and negative in the high digital citizenship group. It is important to take a differentiated approach that considers the relationship between digital citizenship and gender to promote healthy digital media use and positive self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euna Si
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (E.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Gyungjoo Lee
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (E.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Il Hyun Lee
- StatEdu Institute of Statistics, Iksan-si 54630, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Lee
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (E.S.); (G.L.)
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Ghai S, Fassi L, Awadh F, Orben A. Lack of Sample Diversity in Research on Adolescent Depression and Social Media Use: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Psychol Sci 2023; 11:759-772. [PMID: 37694229 PMCID: PMC10491482 DOI: 10.1177/21677026221114859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Research on whether social media use relates to adolescent depression is rapidly increasing. However, is it adequately representing the diversity of global adolescent populations? We conducted a preregistered scoping review (research published between 2018 and 2020; 34 articles) to investigate the proportion of studies recruiting samples from the Global North versus Global South and assess whether the association between social media and depression varies depending on the population being studied. Sample diversity was lacking between regions: More than 70% of studies examined Global North populations. The link between social media and depression was positive and significant in the Global North but null and nonsignificant in the Global South. There was also little evidence of diversity within regions in both sampling choices and reporting of participants' demographics. Given that most adolescents live in the Global South and sample diversity is crucial for the generalizability of research findings, urgent action is needed to address these oversights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Ghai
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge
| | - Luisa Fassi
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge
| | - Faisal Awadh
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge
| | - Amy Orben
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge
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Dziura SL, McNaughton KA, Giacobbe E, Yarger HA, Hickey AC, Shariq D, Redcay E. Neural sensitivity to social reward predicts links between social behavior and loneliness in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22413. [PMID: 37607890 PMCID: PMC10454977 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Neural reward network sensitivity in youth is proposed to differentially impact the effects of social environments on social outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to test this hypothesis within a context of diminished in-person social interaction. We examined whether neural sensitivity to interactive social reward moderates the relationship between a frequency of interactive or passive social activity and social satisfaction. Survey reports of frequency of interactions with friends, passive social media use, and loneliness and social satisfaction were gathered in 2020 during mandated precautions limiting in-person contact. A subset of participants (age = 10-17) previously participated in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study examining social-interactive reward during a simulated peer interaction (survey n = 76; survey + fMRI n = 40). We found evidence of differential response to social context, such that youth with higher neural reward sensitivity showed a negative association between a frequency of interactive connections with friends and a combined loneliness and social dissatisfaction component (LSDC) score, whereas those with lower sensitivity showed the opposite effect. Further, high reward sensitivity was associated with greater LSDC as passive social media use increased, whereas low reward sensitivity showed the opposite. This indicates that youth with greater sensitivity to social-interactive reward may be more susceptible to negative effects of infrequent contact than their low reward-sensitive counterparts, who instead maintain social well-being through passive viewing of social content. These differential outcomes could have implications for supporting youth during times of major social disruption as well as ensuring mental health and well-being more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Dziura
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathryn A McNaughton
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Giacobbe
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather A Yarger
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandra C Hickey
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Deena Shariq
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Redcay
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Li DX, Ye W, Yang YL, Zhang L, Qian XJ, Jiang PH. Enhanced recovery nursing and mental health education on postoperative recovery and mental health of laparoscopic liver resection. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1728-1738. [PMID: 37701692 PMCID: PMC10494595 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i8.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing laparoscopic resection of liver metastases of colorectal cancer are prone to negative emotions and decrease of digestive function. Early nursing and psychological intervention are necessary. AIM To observe the effect of enhanced recovery nursing combined with mental health education on postoperative recovery and mental health of patients undergoing laparoscopic resection of liver metastases of colorectal cancer. METHODS One hundred and twenty patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of liver metastases of colorectal cancer at our hospital between March 2021 and March 2023, were selected as participants. The patients admitted from March 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022 were set as the control group, and they were given routine nursing combined with mental health education intervention. While the patients admitted from March 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023 were set as the observation group, they were given accelerated rehabilitation surgical nursing combined with mental health education intervention. The differences in postoperative recovery-related indices, complications and pain degrees, and mental health-related scores were compared between groups. The T lymphocyte subset levels of the two groups were also compared. RESULTS The postoperative exhaust, defecation, eating and drainage time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group. The pain scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery. The cumulative complication rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group was higher than that in the control group 3 d after surgery (P < 0.05). After intervention, the self-rating depression scale, self-rating anxiety scale, avoidance dimension, and yielding dimension in Medical coping style (MCMQ) scores of the two groups were lower than those prior to intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The face dimension score in the MCMQ score was higher than that before intervention, and that of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After intervention, the total scores of the life function index scale (FLIC) and psychological well-being scores of cancer patients in the two groups, and the physical and social well-being scores in the observation group, were higher than those before intervention. The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The physical, psychological, and social well-being, and the total FLIC scores of the observation group were higher than those in the control group after surgery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Enhanced recovery nursing combined with mental health education can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, improve the mental health and quality of life of patients after laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases, and reduce the incidence of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xia Li
- Department of Pancreatic Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Lu Yang
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Qian
- Department of Pancreatic Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ping-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pancreatic Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
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Colì E, Paciello M, Lamponi E, Calella R, Falcone R. Adolescents and Trust in Online Social Interactions: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1408. [PMID: 37628407 PMCID: PMC10453111 DOI: 10.3390/children10081408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Social media have become increasingly embedded in adolescents' daily lives. Although these contexts have been widely studied, how trust in online relationships is built among adolescents is still an unexplored issue. By adopting the theoretical socio-cognitive model of trust, this study aims to explore the components of online trust as far as today's teenagers are concerned. The study involved 10 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 (M = 15.5). The data were collected using individual semi-structured, audio-recorded, and faithfully transcribed interviews. A deductive-inductive content analysis carried out with the NVivo10 software was performed on the textual material. Results show that adolescents seem to be aware of online trust value in "selecting" peers to be trusted. To protect themselves from the risks they are exposed to, they choose to interact with peers/friends who are already known in real life or are similar to them in terms of interests, ways of thinking, passions, and age. Additionally, others' competencies and willingness play an important role in adolescents' evaluations and decisions to rely on others online. The results of this study could be useful for developing awareness-raising interventions on the risks that adolescents are exposed to in order to promote "safe" relationships of trust and emphasize the possible positive use of technologies (e.g., by building online trust relationships using peer "safe" models).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Colì
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Marinella Paciello
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Ernestina Lamponi
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Rubina Calella
- Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, 00186 Rome, Italy; (E.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Rino Falcone
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, Italian National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.C.); (R.F.)
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41
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Hamilton JL, Dreier MJ, Boyd SI. Social media as a bridge and a window: The changing relationship of adolescents with social media and digital platforms. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 52:101633. [PMID: 37454640 PMCID: PMC10526977 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Social media use became central to adolescents' lives and development during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some adolescents first initiating social media use in this period. The unique circumstances of the pandemic contributed to changing patterns of social media use among teens and popularity of features. The pandemic also facilitated use and engagement with social media to strengthen social connection, emerging identities, and access to information and resources. It also impacted teens' online experiences and exposure to broader societal problems on SM. Recent research, with a focus in the United States, is presented on how the pandemic has shaped adolescents' experiences with social media in meaningful ways across development. We argue that research on adolescent social media use needs to consider how the COVID-19 pandemic has shaped the use and influence of social media in adolescents today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Hamilton
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States.
| | - Melissa J Dreier
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
| | - Simone I Boyd
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
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42
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Ferrara F, Zavaleta E, Vitiello A, Villalobos JA, Zovi A, Langella R, Serrano B, Trama U, Arguedas S, Nava E, Diaz JP, Bianco E, Russo G. The direct correlation between Covid-19 and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 73:62-64. [PMID: 37121166 PMCID: PMC10121130 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ferrara
- Hospital Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Asl Napoli 3 Sud, Dell'amicizia street 22, 80035, Nola, Naples, Italy.
| | - Esteban Zavaleta
- Director of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Department, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, 1307 San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Antonio Vitiello
- Clinical Pharmacologist, Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Jorge Arturo Villalobos
- Hospital Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, 1307 San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Andrea Zovi
- Hospital Pharmacist, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Roberto Langella
- Italian Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SIFO), SIFO Secretariat of the Lombardy Region, Via Carlo Farini, 81, Milan 20159, Italy
| | - Bruno Serrano
- Hospital Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, 1307 San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Ugo Trama
- General Direction for Health Protection and Coordination of the Campania Regional Health System, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastian Arguedas
- Hospital Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, 1307 San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Eduardo Nava
- Director Pharmacy Department, Asl Napoli 3 Sud, Dell'amicizia street 22, 80035, Nola, Naples, Italy
| | - Jose Pablo Diaz
- Hospital Pharmacist, Pharmacy Department, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, 1307 San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Elvira Bianco
- Health Director Asl Napoli 3 Sud, Marconi street 66, 80059, Torre del Greco, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Russo
- General Director Asl Napoli 3 Sud, Marconi street 66, 80059, Torre del Greco, Naples, Italy
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43
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Ghali S, Afifi S, Suryadevara V, Habab Y, Hutcheson A, Panjiyar BK, Davydov GG, Nashat H, Nath TS. A Systematic Review of the Association of Internet Gaming Disorder and Excessive Social Media Use With Psychiatric Comorbidities in Children and Adolescents: Is It a Curse or a Blessing? Cureus 2023; 15:e43835. [PMID: 37736454 PMCID: PMC10509728 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Internet gaming and social media usage (SMU), particularly among children and teenagers, have witnessed a remarkable surge over the past decade. However, it remains uncertain whether this widespread usage has a positive or negative impact. The primary objective of this systematic review was to investigate the diverse effects of excessive video game playing and extensive SMU, both favorable and detrimental, on the psychological and mental well-being of children and adolescents. To assess the influence of internet gaming disorder (IGD) and disordered SMU on the mental health of children aged 6-12 years and adolescents aged 13-18 years, we conducted a systematic review of 20 studies on the subject. These studies utilized a substantial sample size of 48,652 participants, encompassing online and in-person questionnaires administered to children, teenagers, and their parents in educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and online platforms. Our findings suggest that multiple factors contribute to the intricate relationship between SMU, video game playing, and mental health outcomes. The majority of research indicates that excessive gaming or SMU among children and teenagers leads to adverse consequences on their mental well-being. Furthermore, certain studies have even reported fatal consequences, while others have identified a worsening of preexisting mental health issues. A few studies have explored the potential positive impacts of SMU and gaming on individuals and society at large. In light of this, we have concluded that it is inappropriate to categorize internet gaming and SMU as solely beneficial or detrimental without considering the broader context and the interplay of various factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Ghali
- Psychiatry/Neuroscience, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shadin Afifi
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Vineet Suryadevara
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Yaman Habab
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Alana Hutcheson
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Binay K Panjiyar
- Cardiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Gershon G Davydov
- Nephrology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Be'er Sheva, ISR
| | - Hiba Nashat
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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44
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Wong RS, Tung KTS, Ho FKW, Man KKC. Editorial: Digital media use and mental health. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1253846. [PMID: 37564243 PMCID: PMC10411337 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1253846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa S. Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keith T. S. Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Frederick K. W. Ho
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth K. C. Man
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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45
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Fortunato L, Lo Coco G, Teti A, Bonfanti RC, Salerno L. Time Spent on Mobile Apps Matters: A Latent Class Analysis of Patterns of Smartphone Use among Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6439. [PMID: 37568981 PMCID: PMC10418827 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the present study are: (1) to determine classes of adolescents with homogeneous patterns of smartphone or social media use; and (2) to examine the level of distress across the empirically derived profiles. Three hundred and forty adolescents (Mage = 15.61, SD = 1.19; 38.2% females) participated in a cross-sectional survey. Participants provided objective trace data on time spent on smartphones and applications, as well as self-reported social media addiction, social media use intensity, online social comparison, emotion dysregulation, and psychological distress. Latent class analysis (LCA) with total smartphone use categorized participants into three classes. Participants in Class 3 (19%) showed a more impaired functioning profile, with a tendency towards social media addiction and greater levels of distress. LCAs with the amount of time devoted to specific applications are more heterogeneous, and results showed that heavy use of social media apps was not consistently connected to the most impaired psychosocial profiles. Although the amount of mobile screen time can be a characteristic of problematic users, the link between social media usage and an adolescent's psychological characteristics is mixed. More research is needed to explore the interplay between mobile screen time and social media usage among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Laura Salerno
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (L.F.); (G.L.C.); (A.T.); (R.C.B.)
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46
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James KM, Silk JS, Scott LN, Hutchinson EA, Wang S, Sequeira SL, Lu C, Oppenheimer C, Ladouceur CD. Peer Connectedness and Social Technology Use During COVID-19 Lockdown. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:937-948. [PMID: 36870012 PMCID: PMC9985089 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, adolescents relied on social technology for social connection. Although some research suggests small, negative effects for quantity of social technology use on adolescent mental health, the quality of the interaction may be more important. We conducted a daily diary study in a risk-enriched sample of girls under COVID-19 lockdown to investigate associations between daily social technology use, peer closeness, and emotional health. For 10 days, 93 girls (ages 12-17) completed an online daily diary (88% compliance) assessing positive affect, symptoms of anxiety and depression, peer closeness, and daily time texting, video-chatting and using social media. Multilevel fixed effects models with Bayesian estimation were conducted. At the within-person level, more daily time texting or video-chatting with peers was associated with feeling closer to peers that day, which was associated with more positive affect and fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms that day. At the between-person level, more time video-chatting with peers across the 10 days was indirectly associated with higher average positive affect during lockdown and less depression seven-months later, via higher mean closeness with peers. Social media use was not associated with emotional health at the within- or between-person levels. Messaging and video-chatting technologies are important tools for maintaining peer connectedness during social isolation, with beneficial effects on emotional health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiera M James
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Lori N Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Sarah Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Celine Lu
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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47
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Junça-Silva A, Caetano A. How followers' neuroticism buffers the role of the leader in their daily mental health via daily positive affect: A multilevel approach. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2023.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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48
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Lukoševičiūtė-Barauskienė J, Žemaitaitytė M, Šūmakarienė V, Šmigelskas K. Adolescent Perception of Mental Health: It's Not Only about Oneself, It's about Others Too. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1109. [PMID: 37508606 PMCID: PMC10378269 DOI: 10.3390/children10071109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents are at an increased risk of mental health problems due to the natural processes of development and maturation. Given that their mental health is mainly assessed by adults and not by the adolescents themselves, the purpose of this study is to reveal adolescents' perceptions of mental health. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted, and an inductive qualitative approach with thematic analysis was used. The qualitative study consisted of 19 adolescents aged 11-17 years. Five themes were identified: (1) What does mental health mean to you? (subthemes: realm of emotions, customary behavior, and relationships with others); (2) needs (subthemes: communication and support, self-expression and freedom of decision-making, and a safe and personal environment); (3) risk factors (subthemes: un-healthy relationships and social media dangers); (4) red flags (subthemes: self-exclusion from social life and self-destructive behavior); and (5) role of mental health professionals (subthemes: attentiveness to and proper pace for adolescent and acceptance of adolescent's life in its entirety). This study revealed that adolescents view their mental health not only from their own emotional and behavioral perspectives but also through the prism of relationships with other people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justė Lukoševičiūtė-Barauskienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Faculty of Public Health, Health, Research Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Monika Žemaitaitytė
- Faculty of Public Health, Health, Research Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Šūmakarienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Faculty of Public Health, Health, Research Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kastytis Šmigelskas
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Faculty of Public Health, Health, Research Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
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49
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Brown RM, Roberts SG, Pollet TV. HEXACO Personality Factors and their Associations with Facebook use and Facebook Network Characteristics. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231176403. [PMID: 37235982 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231176403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Personality factors affect the properties of 'offline' social networks, but how they are associated with the structural properties of online networks is still unclear. We investigated how the six HEXACO personality factors (Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Openness to Experience) relate to Facebook use and three objectively measured Facebook network characteristics - network size, density, and number of clusters. Participants (n = 107, mean age = 20.6, 66% female) extracted their Facebook networks using the GetNet app, completed the 60-item HEXACO questionnaire and the Facebook Usage Questionnaire. Users high in Openness to Experience spent less time on Facebook. Extraversion was positively associated with network size (number of Facebook Friends). These findings suggest that some personality factors are associated with Facebook use and the size of Facebook networks, and that personality is an important influence on both online and offline sociality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam Gb Roberts
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
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50
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Carter MC. Social Media in the Context of the Personal Social Media Ecosystem Framework-Advancing a Flexible and Systematic Basis for Observing Health Correlates Over Time. JAMA Pediatr 2023:2804941. [PMID: 37184878 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This Viewpoint reviews the central contributions of the Personal Social Media Ecosystem Framework and outlines how the framework can help advance understanding of social media effects among youths as an ongoing public health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Carter
- Digital Wellness Lab, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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