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Kim H. Sex differences in age-varying trends of depressive symptoms, substance use, and their associations among South Korean adults: A Time-Varying Effect Modeling (TVEM) analysis of a nationwide sample. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:596-604. [PMID: 38925308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated sex differences in the age-varying trends of depressive symptoms, substance use, and their relationships throughout the adult lifespan. Using a nationwide sample from South Korea, this study aimed to confirm existing patterns and identify unique characteristics specific to the South Korean context. METHOD Time-Varying Effect Modeling (TVEM) was applied to data from 17,484 participants (9987 women and 7497 men) in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. RESULTS Consistent with global trends, the results revealed a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms among women and a greater prevalence of substance use among men. However, the findings also illuminated unique patterns within the South Korean context. Substance use among South Korean men peaked during their 40s, whereas South Korean women consistently exhibited lower rates of substance use. Additionally, a stronger association between depressive symptoms and substance use was identified in women compared to men. LIMITATIONS The study used cross-sectional data, limiting the analysis of temporal dynamics between depressive symptoms and substance use. Additionally, TVEM cannot distinguish between aging and cohort effects. Furthermore, the assessments of depressive symptoms and substance use were based on self-report. Finally, the study did not include adolescents or sex and gender minorities in its sample. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the need for targeted interventions, particularly among women in their 20s and older adulthood, where there is a heightened co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and substance use. These findings also highlight the importance of sex- and culture-sensitive approaches tailored to the South Korean context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjoo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, MI, USA.
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Gaiha SM, Wang M, Baiocchi M, Halpern-Felsher B. Depression screening outcomes among adolescents, young adults, and adults reporting past 30-day tobacco and cannabis use. Addict Behav 2024; 156:108076. [PMID: 38838604 PMCID: PMC11208074 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies examine the relationship between depression and use of specific tobacco and/or cannabis products among adolescents, young adults, and adults. We determined whether the odds of depression are greater among those who used specific tobacco and/or cannabis products and among co-users of tobacco and cannabis. METHOD Cross-sectional online survey of a national convenience sample of 13-40-year-olds (N = 6,038). The survey included depression screening and past 30-day use of specific tobacco and cannabis products (cigarettes; e-cigarettes, vaped cannabis, little cigars, cigarillos, cigars, hookah, chewing tobacco, smoked cannabis, edible cannabis, blunts). Analyses correspond to the total sample, and 13-17-, 18-24-, and 25-40-year-olds. RESULTS Among 5,281 individuals who responded to the depression screener and nine product use questions, 1,803 (34.1 %) reported co-use of at least one tobacco product and one cannabis product in the past 30 days. Past 30-day co-use was associated with higher likelihood of screening positive for depression compared to past 30-day use of tobacco-only (aOR = 1.32, 1.06-1.65; 0.006) or cannabis-only (aOR = 1.94, 1.28-2.94; <0.001). Screening positive for depression was more likely among those who reported past 30-day use of e-cigarettes (aOR = 1.56; 1.35-1.80; <0.001), cigarettes (aOR = 1.24, 1.04-1.48; 0.016), chewed tobacco (aOR = 1.91, 1.51-2.42; <0.001), and blunts (aOR = 1.22, 1.00-1.48; 0.053) compared to those who did not report past 30-day use of these products. Among the 2,223 individuals who screened positive for depression, the most used two-product combination was nicotine e-cigarettes and smoked cannabis (614 individuals, 27.6 %). CONCLUSIONS Screening positive for depression was more likely among past 30-day co-users versus past 30-day users of tobacco-only or cannabis-only. Findings suggest that prevention programs for depression and substance use address tobacco and cannabis co-use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Mathur Gaiha
- Stanford REACH Lab, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, United States; Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States; Faculty of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Maggie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, CA, United States
| | - Mike Baiocchi
- Stanford REACH Lab, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, United States
| | - Bonnie Halpern-Felsher
- Stanford REACH Lab, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, United States.
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Fantini L, Gostoli S, Artin MG, Rafanelli C. An intervention based on Well-Being Therapy to prevent alcohol use and other unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among students: a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:930-950. [PMID: 37467370 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2235740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Unhealthy lifestyle, such as alcohol use, and negative health outcomes have been associated with impairments in psychological well-being. The primary objective of the study was to test the efficacy of an intervention based on Well-Being Therapy to prevent or stem alcohol use, binge drinking and other unhealthy lifestyle among Italian adolescents in school settings. A three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial including three test periods (baseline, post-test, six-month follow-up) was implemented. Seven classes (144 students) were randomly assigned to receive well-being intervention (WBI), lifestyle intervention (LI), or no intervention (NI). Primary outcomes were alcohol use (AUDIT-C), binge drinking and other unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (i.e. unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco and cannabis smoking, poor sleep and Internet addiction). Linear mixed models and mixed-effects logistic regression were used to test the efficacy of WBI in comparison with LI and NI. At six-month follow-up, AUDIT-C total score increased more in NI in comparison with WBI (p = 0.044) and LI (p = 0.016), whereas the odds of being classified as at-risk drinker were lower in WBI (p = 0.038) and LI (p = 0.002), than NI. Only WBI showed a protective effect for cannabis use at post-test in comparison with NI (p = 0.003) and LI (p = 0.014). Sleep hours at night decreased more in NI than in LI (p = 0.027) at six months. Internet addiction decreased more in WBI (p = 0.002) and LI (p = 0.005) at post-test in comparison with NI. Although both interventions showed a positive impact on adolescent lifestyle, the positive effect of WBI on cannabis use underlines how this approach might be promising to stem adolescents' substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Fantini
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Gostoli
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael G Artin
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara Rafanelli
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Bataineh BS, Wilkinson AV, Sumbe A, Clendennen SL, Chen B, Messiah SE, Harrell MB. Anxiety as a predictor of the age of initiation of tobacco and cannabis use in adolescents and young adults. Addict Behav 2024; 148:107876. [PMID: 37804749 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown important links between anxiety and the use of tobacco and cannabis. However, it remains unclear whether anxiety leads youth to start using tobacco and cannabis at an earlier age. METHODS Data were drawn from Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance System for the years 2019-2021(Waves 9-14). Participants were in 10th-grade, 12th-grade, and two years post-high school at baseline. The outcomes were the age of first use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and cannabis. Interval-censoring Cox proportional hazards models were fit to examine the differences in the estimated age of initiation of tobacco and cannabis use by anxiety. RESULTS Among the 10th-grade cohort, participants with anxiety had an increased risk of an earlier age of cigarette [AHR = 2.29(1.63-3.23)], e-cigarette [AHR = 1.53(1.17-2.00)], and cannabis [AHR = 1.59(1.23-2.05)] initiation. Among the 12th-grade cohort, participants with anxiety had an increased risk of an earlier age of cigarette [AHR = 1.52(1.21-1.90), e-cigarette [1.25(1.01-1.60)] and cannabis [AHR = 1.35(1.09-1.67] initiation. Among the post-high school cohort, the only significant association found was for cannabis initiation [AHR = 1.33(1.11-1.58). Between ages 18-to-19 years in the 10th-grade cohort, and between ages 20-21 years in the 12th-grade cohort, cumulative incidence of each of the three outcomes initiation doubled among anxious youth. CONCLUSIONS This study's findings show that anxiety symptoms can increase the risk of substance use initiation at an earlier age, especially among the youngest adolescent cohort (∼15-to-16-year-olds). These findings highlight the importance of early screening and treatment of anxiety symptoms as a preventive measure to delay or prevent the onset of substance use initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bara S Bataineh
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Anna V Wilkinson
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Aslesha Sumbe
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie L Clendennen
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Baojiang Chen
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA; Center for Pediatric Population Health, UTHealth School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX USA
| | - Melissa B Harrell
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health, Austin, TX, USA
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Dave PA, Rohit RK, Tibrewal C, Modi NS, Bajoria PS, Gandhi SK, Patel P. Should Marijuana Be Legalized: A Scoping Review of Associations of Marijuana and Depression. Cureus 2023; 15:e42835. [PMID: 37664373 PMCID: PMC10474443 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
People with addiction to marijuana and those who have ever consumed marijuana at any time during their life suffer from depression at some point in their life. Depression has been associated with substance use as both a trigger and repercussion. A total of 3663 articles were analyzed, and 26 articles were collectively selected for this study. Consuming marijuana was linked to the development of depression in the majority of individuals. Marijuana consumption and its repercussions have both been connected to negative effects on the body, such as respiratory disorders and even psychological disorders, including stress and depressive disorders. Studies potentially point to a complicated causal relationship between marijuana consumption and depressive disorder, stating that early depressive symptoms enable marijuana usage, which then reduces depression. A research article clearly states that consuming marijuana can be helpful in elevating mood and anxiolytic initially, but it is subsequently followed by a rise in depressive symptoms, which manifest as mental distress and frustration. Discussions with patients about the extent of their marijuana consumption, techniques for reducing the use, and the impact of marijuana on depression may be beneficial in medical facilities where depressive disorder is treated. This research paper highlights the importance of understanding depression and the use of marijuana for temporary relief from depressive symptoms and its long-term consequences on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralph Kingsford Rohit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, IND
| | - Charu Tibrewal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Civil Hospital Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, IND
| | | | - Parth S Bajoria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gujarat Medical Education and Research Society Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, IND
| | | | - Priyansh Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College Baroda, Vadodara, IND
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Cai Y, Qiu P, He Y, Wang C, Wu Y, Yang Y. Age-varying relationships between family support and depressive symptoms in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:94-101. [PMID: 37084965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate family support is an important factor in reducing the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults. We aimed to explore the age-varying relationships of family support and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A total of 22,163 person-waves of older adults aged 60 to 85 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey were included. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Family support was divided into instrumental family support and emotional family support. A Time-Varying Effects Model was utilized to analyze the age-varying relationships. RESULTS There were age-varying relationships between family support and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. Around age 70 was an important turning point of age. In instrumental family support, access to living care can reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in almost all age groups. At least medium-level financial support was required to be protective against depressive symptoms, and high-level financial support was necessary after age 70. In emotional family support, meeting children with high frequency was significantly associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms before age 70. Contacting children with low or medium frequency added the risk of depressive symptoms before age 70. LIMITATIONS Limited sample size of participants aged 80 years and above, lack of assessment for expectations of family support. CONCLUSIONS Providing the appropriate type and intensity of family support for older adults at a suitable age was encouraged. Future research should further verify and explicate the age-varying relationships longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cai
- Evidence-based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiyuan Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuheng He
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Department of Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Evidence-based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Luk JW, Yu J, Haynie DL, Goldstein RB, Simons-Morton BG, Gilman SE. A Nationally Representative Study of Sexual Orientation and High-Risk Drinking From Adolescence to Young Adulthood. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:222-229. [PMID: 36456451 PMCID: PMC9832524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether peer drunkenness, parental knowledge about their adolescent's whereabouts and behaviors, and depressive symptoms contribute to sexual orientation disparities in high-risk drinking behaviors; if they do, they would be potential intervention targets. METHODS Longitudinal survey data from 2,051 adolescents who participated in the NEXT Generation Health Study were analyzed. Latent growth curve and longitudinal path analyses were used to test for indirect effects linking sexual orientation in 11th grade (3.4% males and 8.4% females were sexual minorities) to past 30-day heavy episodic drinking (HED) over 6 years and past year high-intensity binge drinking at 4 years after high school. RESULTS Sexual minority males were not more likely to engage in high-risk drinking than heterosexual males. In contrast, sexual minority females were more likely than heterosexual females to engage in HED when they were in 11th grade (Odds Ratio = 2.83, 95% confidence interval = 1.43, 5.61), in part because of lower parental knowledge. Sexual minority females also had higher depressive symptoms during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood, which in turn was associated with greater risk of high-intensity binge drinking in young adulthood. Peer drunkenness was a strong risk factor for HED and high-intensity binge drinking among both males and females. DISCUSSION Sexual minority females reported lower levels of parental knowledge during adolescence and higher levels of depressive symptoms during the transition to young adulthood than heterosexual females. Both factors were associated with high-risk drinking behavior, suggesting developmentally sensitive opportunities to mitigate sexual orientation disparities in high-risk drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy W Luk
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland; Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Jing Yu
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Denise L Haynie
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Risë B Goldstein
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bruce G Simons-Morton
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen E Gilman
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Zervos AP, Hensel DJ, James R, Hunt A, Ott MA. The role of trauma and positive youth development in polysubstance use among rural middle school students: a latent class analysis. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2350. [PMID: 36517786 PMCID: PMC9753425 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rural youth often begin developing polysubstance use and other risk behaviors during middle school. However, little polysubstance use research focuses on rural middle school youth. Our research uses Latent Class Analysis to understand existing patterns of rural middle school polysubstance use and risk and protective factors associated with polysubstance use. METHODS We used survey data from a rural middle school pregnancy prevention program (N = 2,708). The survey included measures of demographics, lifetime substance use, trauma (adverse childhood experiences and bullying victimization) and aspects of youth development (parent communication on drugs and alcohol, parent connectedness and school connectedness). We used latent class analysis to produce participant polysubstance use profiles and multinomial regression to examine associations between polysubstance use, demographics, trauma and aspects of youth development. RESULTS We categorized our participants into four latent classes. Our analysis classified 2.2% of participants as Regular Polysubstance users, 6.9% as Polysubstance experimenters, 19% as Vape + Alcohol experimenters and 71.9% as Non-Users. More adverse childhood experiences were associated with greater risk of polysubstance use and experimentation. Bullying was positively associated with greater risk of vape and alcohol experimentation. Higher reported parental and school connectedness were associated with lower risk of high frequency polysubstance use. Higher reported school connection was also associated with lower risk of polysubstance experimentation. CONCLUSION Rural substance use prevention programs should begin during middle school, as polysubstance use development is common among rural middle schoolers. These programs should be trauma informed and focus on connectedness as a modifiable factor to reduce risk of polysubstance use development. TRIAL REGISTRATION This article does not report results of a health care intervention on human participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Zervos
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Section of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10thStreet, Suite 1001, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Devon J. Hensel
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Section of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10thStreet, Suite 1001, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Rebecca James
- Health Care Education and Training, Inc, 1630 N. Meridian Street, Suite 430, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Abby Hunt
- Health Care Education and Training, Inc, 1630 N. Meridian Street, Suite 430, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Mary A. Ott
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Section of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10thStreet, Suite 1001, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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Guttmannova K, Oesterle S, Skinner ML, Kuklinski MR, Hultgren B, Rhew IC, Parker M, Briney JS, White HR. Substance-Specific Risk Factors among Young Adults: Potential Prevention Targets across Cannabis-Permissive Environments. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1923-1930. [PMID: 36151975 PMCID: PMC9701568 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2120363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined levels of substance-specific risk factors such as perception of harm from substance use among young adults in a range of cannabis-permissive environments. The main objective was to inform future preventive interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use in the context of increasingly permissive environments. METHODS Data came from the Community Youth Development Study (CYDS) collected in 2016 when participants were about 23 years old (n = 1,722 participants residing in 46 U.S. states). Young adults self-reported their perceptions about the harms related to cannabis, alcohol, and cigarette use; attitudes about and ease of access to cannabis and other substances; and perceived wrongfulness and social acceptability of cannabis, alcohol, and cigarette use and of selling of cannabis and other illegal drugs. RESULTS Young adults in more permissive cannabis contexts reported higher levels of all cannabis-specific risk factors (e.g., greater access to and more favorable attitudes about cannabis use), except for perception of harm from regular cannabis use. However, permissiveness of the cannabis environment was not associated with heightened levels of risk factors for other substance use (such as alcohol, cigarettes, and opioids). CONCLUSIONS Future preventive interventions for young adults living in more permissive cannabis contexts may need to focus on cannabis-specific risk factors in particular and go beyond considerations of harm from regular use. Future studies should replicate these findings with other samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Guttmannova
- Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sabrina Oesterle
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Martie L Skinner
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Margaret R Kuklinski
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brittney Hultgren
- Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Isaac C Rhew
- Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Myra Parker
- Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John S Briney
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Helene R White
- Center of Alcohol and Substance Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Grunin L, Yu G, Cohen S. Combined Race and Gender Trend Disparities in Depressive Symptoms among U.S. High School Students: 1999-2019. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:824-834. [PMID: 35468031 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2022.2067274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In 2019, over 3.2 million adolescents in the U.S. reported depressive symptoms-a number that continues to increase annually. Not only can depression negatively impact an adolescent's academic performance, social development, and cognitive function, but it is also the most common condition associated with suicide. Previous studies have reported prevalence rates and statistical trends by either gender or race. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the current racial and gender trend disparities in adolescent depressive symptoms by examining linear and quadratic trends from the Youth Behavior Risk Survey (N = 158,601) over two decades (1999-2019), stratified by gender and race subgroups, both separately and combined. This novel quantitative method allows for a more nuanced approach when exploring social and cultural influences on adolescent depressive symptoms. We found a significant difference in the prevalence of depressive symptoms between males and females among Black, Hispanic, and multiracial adolescents in each separate year of pooled data. However, an increased prevalence trend over the 20-year period was only seen among the females of these three racial categories. White and Asian female adolescents also exhibited a statistical increase in prevalence of depressive symptoms over time. The only group of males with a significant trend increase over time were White adolescents. Understanding the intersection of gender and race in adolescent depressive symptoms trends enhances evidence for nurses and other healthcare professionals when developing and implementing targeted, effective prevention and intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grunin
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gary Yu
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sally Cohen
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Du X, Wu R, Kang L, Zhao L, Li C. Tobacco smoking and depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: Handling missing values in panel data with multiple imputation. Front Public Health 2022; 10:913636. [PMID: 36091567 PMCID: PMC9458966 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.913636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The high co-occurrence of tobacco smoking and depression is a major public health concern during the novel coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. However, no studies have dealt with missing values when assessing depression. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of tobacco smoking on depressive symptoms using a multiple imputation technique. Methods This research was a longitudinal study using data from four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study conducted between 2011 and 2018, and the final sample consisted of 74,381 observations across all four waves of data collection. The present study employed a multiple imputation technique to deal with missing values, and a fixed effects logistic regression model was used for the analysis. Results The results of fixed effects logistic regression showed that heavy smokers had 20% higher odds of suffering from depressive symptoms than those who never smoked. Compared to those who never smoked, for short-term and moderate-term quitters, the odds of suffering from depressive symptoms increased by 30% and 22%, respectively. The magnitudes of the odds ratios for of the variables short-term quitters, moderate-term quitters, and long-term quitters decreased in absolute terms with increasing time-gaps since quitting. The sub-group analysis for men and women found that heavy male smokers, short-term and moderate-term male quitters had higher odds of suffering from depressive symptoms than those who never smoked. However, associations between smoking status and depressive symptoms were not significant for women. Conclusions The empirical findings suggested that among Chinese middle-aged and older adults, heavy smokers and short-term and moderate-term quitters have increased odds of suffering from depressive symptoms than those who never smoked. Moreover, former smokers reported that the probability of having depressive symptoms decreased with a longer duration since quitting. Nevertheless, the association between depressive symptoms and smoking among Chinese middle-aged and older adults is not straightforward and may vary according to gender. These results may have important implications that support the government in allocating more resources to smoking cessation programs to help middle-aged and older smokers, particularly in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiahua Du
- College of Humanities Education, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Rina Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lili Kang
- School of Health Management, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Longlong Zhao
- School of Health Management, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Changle Li
- School of Health Management, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China,*Correspondence: Changle Li
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Farooqui M, Shoaib S, Afaq H, Quadri S, Zaina F, Baig A, Liaquat A, Sarwar Z, Zafar A, Younus S. Bidirectionality of smoking and depression in adolescents: a systematic review. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022; 45:e20210429. [PMID: 35738567 PMCID: PMC10416256 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, evidence has been accumulating that both smoking and mental health disorders are continuously increasing among adolescents. This systematic review elucidates the research into evidence of the direction of the association and risk factors influencing the relationship between smoking and depression. We also highlight recent studies on the effects of electronic cigarettes and developments on the association between depression and smoking. METHODS A literature search was conducted on databases including PubMed, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO and in relevant neurology and psychiatry journals. Terms used for electronic searches included smoking, tobacco, cigarettes; depression; adolescent, youth; direction. Relevant information was then utilized to synthesize findings on the association between smoking and depression among adolescent population. RESULTS The initial database searches yielded 2,738 related articles. After screening and cross-referencing, duplicate articles, articles published in languages other than English, and studies on animals, social and lifestyle factors, mood disorders, and substance use were excluded. Of these, a total of 122 publications only focusing on smoking and depression in the adolescent population were selected for synthesis in this qualitative systemic review. These include 110 original research articles, eight meta-analyses and reviews, and four reports and websites. CONCLUSION The relationship between smoking and depression in the literature does not reflect the cause-effect relationship. The lack of evidence on the direction of the association may reflect futile study designs, confounding factors and/or use of indirect measures of depression and quantification of smoking. Future prospective randomized studies should target elucidation of the causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassir Farooqui
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of IowaHospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIAUSA Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Samra Shoaib
- Department of PsychiatryNassau UniversityMedical CenterEast MeadowNYUSA Department of Psychiatry, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY, USA.
| | - Humera Afaq
- Department of Public HealthNational UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Department of Public Health, National University, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Syed Quadri
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Fatima Zaina
- Department of PulmonologyZiauddin University and HospitalKarachiPakistan Department of Pulmonology, Ziauddin University and Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Aqsa Baig
- Liaquat National HospitalMedical CollegeKarachiPakistan Liaquat National Hospital & Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Liaquat
- Karachi Medical and Dental CollegeKarachiPakistan Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Zoona Sarwar
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of OklahomaOklahoma CityOKUSA Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Atif Zafar
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada Department of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Sana Younus
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Bayly BL, Hung YW, Cooper DK. Age-Varying Associations between Child Maltreatment, Depressive Symptoms, and Frequent Heavy Episodic Drinking. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:927-939. [PMID: 34704167 PMCID: PMC10053620 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Child maltreatment represents a prevalent public health issue that has been shown to predict both adolescent and young adult depressive symptoms and heavy episodic drinking; however, little is known regarding how associations between specific types of maltreatment (e.g., physical abuse, sexual abuse, care neglect, supervisory neglect) and depressive symptoms and heavy episodic drinking change across adolescence and into young adulthood. Similarly, there is lack of research that has examined how an accumulation of child maltreatment types relates to depressive symptoms and heavy episodic drinking across ages. Time-varying effect models-a statistical approach that allows researchers to pinpoint specific ages where the association between two variables is strongest-were used in the current study to address these gaps. Nationally representative data came from the first four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; N = 16,053; 49.4% female; 51.0% European American/White, 21.0% African American, 10.2% Biracial, 9.1% Hispanic; MAGE W1 = 17.00). Results suggested that certain types of maltreatment are more predictive of negative outcomes than others and that different types of maltreatment confer greater risk in different developmental periods. In addition, while victims of between one and three types of maltreatment had comparable prevalence of depressive symptoms and heavy episodic drinking across adolescence and young adulthood, victims of four types of maltreatment had a much higher prevalence of these outcomes indicating the extreme risk that accompanies an accumulation of maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Bayly
- Agricultural Economics, Sociology, and Education, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Yuen Wai Hung
- Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Gender Differences in Dual Diagnoses Associated with Cannabis Use: A Review. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030388. [PMID: 35326345 PMCID: PMC8946108 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gender differences in psychiatric disorders and drug use are well known. Cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug among young people. In recent years, its use has been related to the development of psychiatric pathologies; however, few studies have incorporated the gender perspective as of yet. The present work analyses the literature to determine the existence of gender differences in the development of psychotic, depressive and anxious symptoms associated with cannabis use. First, we describe cannabis misuse and its consequences, paying special attention to adolescent subjects. Second, the main gender differences in psychiatric disorders, such as psychosis, depression, anxiety and cannabis use disorders, are enumerated. Subsequently, we discuss the studies that have evaluated gender differences in the association between cannabis use and the appearance of psychotic, depressive and anxious symptoms; moreover, we consider the possible explanations for the identified gender differences. In conclusion, the studies referred to in this review reveal the existence of gender differences in psychiatric symptoms associated with cannabis use, although the direction of such differences is not always clear. Future research is necessary to discern the causal relationship between cannabis use and the development of psychiatric symptoms, as well as the gender differences found.
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Lee CK, Feng JY. From childhood victimization to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems through self-esteem in adolescence. Res Nurs Health 2021; 44:931-944. [PMID: 34618937 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to determine whether forms of victimization influence internalizing and externalizing behavior problems differently and whether these relationships are mediated by self-esteem. This study included 2321 Taiwanese adolescents aged 11-21 from a previous case-control study. Six forms of victimization, self-esteem, and seven behaviors were measured. Gender, age, group (justice-involved vs. high-school adolescents), and family dysfunction were covariates in generalized linear models and path analysis. Different forms of childhood victimization were associated with different internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Additionally, psychological abuse and psychological neglect were negatively associated with self-esteem, which itself was associated with all internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Significant indirect effects of psychological abuse and psychological neglect on all internalizing and externalizing behavior problems (mediated by self-esteem) were also identified. Due to the limitation of measurement, the interpretation about the influence of victimization patterns could not be made. Findings suggest that different forms of childhood victimization may lead to different mechanisms for internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in adolescents. Further research is needed to identify the mechanisms underlying different forms of childhood victimization and to clarify the effects of victimization patterns to develop effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Kuei Lee
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ying Feng
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Crane NA, Langenecker SA, Mermelstein RJ. Risk factors for alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette polysubstance use during adolescence and young adulthood: A 7-year longitudinal study of youth at high risk for smoking escalation. Addict Behav 2021; 119:106944. [PMID: 33872847 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana are the three most widely used substances among adolescents and young adults, with co-use of multiple substances being common. Few longitudinal studies have examined risk factors of alcohol, marijuana, and nicotine poly-substance use. We examined frequency of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette poly-substance use over time and how key risk factors contribute to this substance use during adolescence and young adulthood. METHODS Participants (N = 1263 9th and 10th graders) were oversampled for ever-smoking a cigarette at baseline from 16 Chicago-area high schools between 2004 and 2006. Many participants progressed to heavier cigarette use, as well as alcohol and marijuana use over time. Participants completed questionnaires assessing substance use and psychosocial factors at baseline, 6-, 15-, 24-, 33-months, and 5-, 6-, and 7-years. RESULTS Longitudinal multi-level models demonstrated that at baseline and over time, more depression symptoms, more anxiety symptoms, negative mood regulation expectancies, and lower grade point average (GPA) were each associated with more poly-substance use over time. In addition, there were a number of interaction effects of gender (e.g., depression was related to substance use in males) and developmental stage moderated these relationships. CONCLUSIONS Depression, anxiety, negative mood regulation expectancies, and GPA all significantly influence both initial and longitudinal levels of substance use across adolescence and young adulthood. Our findings underscore the importance of identifying and treating youth with depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as providing resources early for those struggling in school in order to help with substance use prevention and intervention efforts.
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Mak HW, Fosco GM, Lanza ST. Dynamic Associations of Parent-Adolescent Closeness and Friend Support With Adolescent Depressive Symptoms Across Ages 12-19. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:299-316. [PMID: 33241902 PMCID: PMC8127347 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Supportive relationships with parents and friends reduce adolescent risk for depression; however, whether and how the strength of these associations changes across adolescence remains less clear. Age-varying associations of mother-adolescent and father-adolescent closeness and friend support with depressive symptoms were examined across ages 12.5-19.5 using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 4,819). Positive relationships with mothers, fathers, and friends were associated with lower depressive symptoms across adolescence, and the associations were generally stable across age. The association between father-adolescent closeness and depressive symptoms was stronger for girls than for boys during mid-adolescence. Mother-adolescent closeness was more strongly negatively associated with depressive symptoms in the context of higher friend support during mid-adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hio Wa Mak
- Dornsife Center for Self-Report Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Gregory M. Fosco
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Stephanie T. Lanza
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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18
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Mange J, Mauduy M, Sénémeaud C, Bagneux V, Cabé N, Jacquet D, Leconte P, Margas N, Mauny N, Ritz L, Gierski F, Beaunieux H. What really matters in binge drinking: A dominance analysis of binge drinking psychological determinants among University students. Addict Behav Rep 2021; 13:100346. [PMID: 33997251 PMCID: PMC8090991 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Binge drinking (BD) is a public health concern, especially in young people. Multiple individual factors referring to different level of analyses - positional, inter-individual and intra-individual - are associated to BD. As they have mainly been explored separately, little is known about the psychological variables most associated with BD. This study, based on an integrative model considering a large number of variables, aims to estimate these associations and possible dominance of some variables in BD. Methods A sample of university students (N = 2851) participated in an internet survey-based study. They provided information on alcohol related variables (AUDIT, BD score), positional factors (sex, age), inter-individual factors (subjective norm, social identity, external motivations), and intra-individual factors (internal motivations, meta-cognitions, impulsivity and personality traits). The data were processed via a backward regression analysis including all variables and completed with a dominance analysis on variables that are significantly associated with BD intensity. Results The strongest variables associated with BD intensity were enhancement motives and drinking identity (average ΔR 2 = 21.81%), followed by alcohol subjective norm and social motives (average ΔR 2 = 13.99%). Other associated variables (average ΔR 2 = 2,84%) were negative metacognition on uncontrollability, sex, coping motives, lack of premeditation, positive metacognition on cognitive self-regulation, positive urgency, lack of perseverance, age, conformity motives and loneliness. Conclusion Results offer new avenues at the empirical level, by spotting particularly inter-individual psychological variables that should be more thoroughly explored, but also at the clinical level, to elaborate new prevention strategies focusing on these specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nicolas Cabé
- Service d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen Normandie, 14000 Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université de Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Margas
- Sport Sciences Institute, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Fabien Gierski
- Reims Champagne-Ardenne Univ, URCA, C2S (EA6291), 51571 Reims, France.,Groupe de Recherche sur l'Alcool et les Pharmacodépendances, GRAP, INSERM U1247, 80025 Amiens, France
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Drazdowski TK, Kliewer WL, Marzell M. College students' using marijuana to sleep relates to frequency, problematic use, and sleep problems. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021; 69:103-112. [PMID: 31498749 PMCID: PMC7061072 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1656634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Given the rising rates of insufficient sleep and the popularity of marijuana, we investigated using marijuana as a sleep aid, marijuana use frequency, problematic marijuana use, and sleep problems. Participants: Participants included a convenience sample of college students who endorsed using marijuana in the past year from May to December 2013 (N = 354; 68% female, 57% White). Methods: Path analyses investigated if using marijuana to sleep predicted: (1) marijuana use outcomes and (2) sleep problems; and if sleep problems predicted marijuana use outcomes. Results: Using marijuana to sleep was related to increased use and problematic use, as well as worse sleep efficiency. Daytime dysfunction related to sleepiness was associated with elevated levels of marijuana use and problematic use. Similar associations were found across sex and race. Conclusions: College students should be informed of the potential misconceptions between marijuana and improved sleep and provided with evidence-based alternatives to improve their sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess K. Drazdowski
- UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, 11075 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 200, Los Angeles, CA 90025
- Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Blvd., Eugene, OR 97401
| | - Wendy L. Kliewer
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, PO Box 842018, Richmond VA 23284
| | - Miesha Marzell
- Binghamton University, Department of Social Work, PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000
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Areba EM, Watts AW, Larson N, Eisenberg ME, Neumark-Sztainer D. Acculturation and ethnic group differences in well-being among Somali, Latino, and Hmong adolescents. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY 2020; 91:109-119. [PMID: 33151733 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Research addressing the linkages between acculturation and markers of adolescent well-being across multiple ethnic minority groups is limited in scope and breadth, even though children of immigrant origin are the fastest growing population. We examined cross-sectional relationships between acculturation and substance use, socioemotional well-being, and academic achievement. Somali, Latino, and Hmong adolescents in Minnesota provided data as part of the EAT 2010 (Eating and Activity in Teens) cohort study (N = 1,066). Acculturation was based on nativity, language usually spoken at home, and length of residence in the United States. Chi-square, ANOVA, and regression models were used to test for differences in adolescent well-being by acculturation and ethnic group, and interaction terms were added to models to test effect modification by ethnicity. Hmong adolescents had the highest mean acculturation scores (4.4 ± 1.5), whereas Somali adolescents (2.2 ± 1.8) were the least acculturated. Independent of ethnicity, acculturation was positively associated with marijuana (OR: 1.38; CI [1.25, 1.53]) and alcohol use (OR: 1.12; CI [1.02, 1.22]), and was negatively associated with academic achievement, based on grade point average (β = -0.07; CI [-0.12, -0.03]). Interaction effects indicated significant differences by ethnicity only for academic achievement; significant associations between acculturation and academic achievement were evident only for Somali and Latino youth. Prevention programming should include supports for multilingual and multicultural learners and account for cultural assets within immigrant origin families that maintain and nurture protective factors as adolescents acculturate and transition into young adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Gostoli S, Fantini L, Casadei S, De Angelis VA, Rafanelli C. Binge drinking in 14-year-old Italian students is correlated with low or high psychological well-being: a cross-sectional study. DRUGS: EDUCATION, PREVENTION AND POLICY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2020.1799942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gostoli
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Fantini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Casadei
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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de Jonge-Heesen KWJ, Rasing SPA, Vermulst AA, Scholte RHJ, van Ettekoven KM, Engels RCME, Creemers DHM. Randomized control trial testing the effectiveness of implemented depression prevention in high-risk adolescents. BMC Med 2020; 18:188. [PMID: 32703288 PMCID: PMC7379355 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent depression is a global mental health concern. Identification and effective prevention in an early stage are necessary. The present randomized, controlled trial aimed to examine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-based depression prevention in adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms. This prevention approach is implemented in school communities, which allows to examine effects under real-life circumstances. METHODS A total of 5222 adolescents were screened for elevated depressive symptoms in the second grade of secondary schools; 130 adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years old (M = 13.59; SD = 0.68; 63.8% girls) were randomly assigned to the experimental (OVK 2.0) or control condition (psycho-education). Self- and parent-reported depressive symptoms were assessed at pretest and post intervention, as well as 6- and 12-months follow-up. Clinical assessment of depression was assessed at pretest and 6-months follow-up. RESULTS Intent-to-treat analyses revealed that the decrease in adolescent-rated depressive symptoms was significantly larger in the intervention condition than in the control condition. There was no significant difference in decrease of parent-rated depressive symptoms between both conditions. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings, we recommend the implementation of screening and prevention in schools, according the basics of this study design. Since this is a new step forward, we discuss the clinical impact and challenges, as well possibilities for future research. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered in the Dutch Trial Register for RCT's ( NTR5725 ). Date registered: 11 March 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn W. J. de Jonge-Heesen
- GGZ Oost Brabant, P.O. Box 3, 5427 ZG Boekel, The Netherlands
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne P. A. Rasing
- GGZ Oost Brabant, P.O. Box 3, 5427 ZG Boekel, The Netherlands
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ad A. Vermulst
- GGZ Oost Brabant, P.O. Box 3, 5427 ZG Boekel, The Netherlands
| | - Ron H. J. Scholte
- Praktikon, P.O. Box 6909, 6503 GK Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kim M. van Ettekoven
- GGZ Oost Brabant, P.O. Box 3, 5427 ZG Boekel, The Netherlands
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger C. M. E. Engels
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan H. M. Creemers
- GGZ Oost Brabant, P.O. Box 3, 5427 ZG Boekel, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Mason MJ, Coatsworth JD. Adolescents’ Response to a Text Message-Delivered Tobacco Use Intervention by Depressive Symptoms and Sex. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2020.1792021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Li X, Diviant JP, Stith SS, Brockelman F, Keeling K, Hall B, Vigil JM. The Effectiveness of Cannabis Flower for Immediate Relief from Symptoms of Depression. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 93:251-264. [PMID: 32607086 PMCID: PMC7309674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Scientific research on how consumption of whole, natural Cannabis flower affects low mood and behavioral motivations more generally is largely nonexistent, and few studies to date have measured how common and commercially available Cannabis flower used in vivo may affect the experience of "depression" in real-time. Methods: We observed 1,819 people who completed 5,876 cannabis self-administration sessions using the ReleafApp™ between 06/07/2016 and 07/08/2019, with the goal of measuring real-time effects of consuming Cannabis flower for treating symptoms of depression. Results: On average, 95.8% of users experienced symptom relief following consumption with an average symptom intensity reduction of -3.76 points on a 0-10 visual analogue scale (SD = 2.64, d = 1.71, p <.001). Symptom relief did not differ by labeled plant phenotypes ("C. indica," "C. sativa," or "hybrid") or combustion method. Across cannabinoid levels, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels were the strongest independent predictors of symptom relief, while cannabidiol (CBD) levels, instead, were generally unrelated to real-time changes in symptom intensity levels. Cannabis use was associated with some negative side effects that correspond to increased depression (e.g. feeling unmotivated) in up to 20% of users, as well as positive side effects that correspond to decreased depression (e.g. feeling happy, optimistic, peaceful, or relaxed) in up to 64% of users. Conclusions: The findings suggest that, at least in the short term, the vast majority of patients that use cannabis experience antidepressant effects, although the magnitude of the effect and extent of side effect experiences vary with chemotypic properties of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | - Sarah S. Stith
- Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | | | | | - Jacob M. Vigil
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Jacob M. Vigil, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; Tel: +01-505-277-0374;
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Wasil AR, Venturo-Conerly KE, Shinde S, Patel V, Jones PJ. Applying network analysis to understand depression and substance use in Indian adolescents. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:278-286. [PMID: 32090752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Network analysis has been used to better understand relationships between depressive symptoms. Existing work has rarely examined networks of adolescents or individuals in non-western countries. METHODS We used data from 13,035 adolescents (52.5% male; Mage=13.8) from Bihar, a low-resource state in India. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and substance use was measured using a questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organization. We modeled a network of depressive symptoms and a network examining connections between depressive symptoms and substance use. RESULTS The most commonly reported depressive symptoms were sleep problems, poor appetite, and low energy. In the depression network, feeling like a failure and sad mood were the most central symptoms, and somatic symptoms clustered together. To our surprise, depressive symptoms were only weakly associated with substance use. LIMITATIONS Our study uses cross-sectional data, which are not sufficient to draw causal inferences about the relationships between symptoms. Additionally, we used an exploratory data-driven approach, and we did not pose a priori hypotheses about the relationships between symptoms. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that feelings like a failure and sad mood are highly central symptoms in Indian adolescents; future research may examine if these symptoms are strong targets for intervention. Sad mood has commonly been identified as a central symptom of depression in western samples, while feeling like a failure has not. We offer avenues for future research, illustrating how network analysis may enhance our ability to understand, prevent, and treat psychopathology in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash R Wasil
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | | | - Vikram Patel
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, United States; Sangath, Goa, India
| | - Payton J Jones
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States
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Kelly ME, Guillot CR, Quinn EN, Lucke HR, Bello MS, Pang RD, Leventhal AM. Anxiety sensitivity in relation to cigarette smoking and other substance use in African American smokers. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2020; 34:669-679. [PMID: 32162964 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety sensitivity (AS)-fearfulness of anxiety symptoms-has been implicated in the etiology of emotional disorders (e.g., depressive and anxiety disorders) and linked to cigarette smoking and other substance use (SU). However, studies examining AS in relation to SU primarily have been conducted with racially/ethnically heterogeneous or mostly European American samples. Hence, this cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis of baseline data focused on investigating associations of AS with cigarette smoking and other SU in a sample of 630 non-treatment-seeking African American smokers (37.3% female; M age = 49.6 years; M cigarettes smoked per day = 15.4). After screening out individuals with non-nicotine substance dependence, participants reported their demographics, AS, dysphoria symptoms (i.e., depression and anxiety symptoms), and SU. In regression analyses controlling for dysphoria symptoms, age, education level, income level, and years of regular smoking, AS was positively associated with tobacco withdrawal severity (β = .12, p = .007), overall smoking motives (β = .17, p < .001), alcohol use problems (β = .12, p = .005), and other (non-nicotine, nonalcohol) SU problems (β = .16, p < .001). Though lacking the passage of time between assessments needed to provide strong evidence of mediation, unplanned analyses further revealed indirect associations of AS with several SU variables through dysphoria symptoms. Current findings are consistent with those found in prior samples and suggest that AS is similarly related to SU in African Americans, who may benefit from interventions that have been helpful in improving AS, dysphoria symptoms, and SU in other groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mariel S Bello
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California
| | - Raina D Pang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine
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[The Association Between Illicit Drug Use, Borderline Personality Disorder and Depression in a Help-Seeking Sample of Adolescents]. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2020; 69:126-140. [PMID: 32114950 DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2020.69.2.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Association Between Illicit Drug Use, Borderline Personality Disorder and Depression in a Help-Seeking Sample of Adolescents Risk-taking behavior is a common phenomenon in adolescence. Even prevalence rates for illicit drug use are considerably high in youth and associated with a range of psychiatric disorders, especially depression and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, there is a lack of data investigating differences in psychopathology between different substance user groups. Therefore, aim of the study was to investigate occurrence of depression and BPD symptoms in different drug risk groups (no use vs. occasional use vs. frequent use). Further aim of the study was to examine risk profiles regarding single BPD criteria. Data of n = 347 adolescents (81.7 % female, mean age 14.95, SD = 1.50) presenting at the specialized outpatient clinic for risk-taking and self-harming behavior (AtR!Sk) in Heidelberg were analyzed. Results show that BPD is clearly associated with illicit drug use in adolescence. There is no difference between occasional and frequent users in terms of mean number of BPD criteria. However, frequent users differ from occasional users regarding greater number of impulsivity and anger criteria. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables there was no association between drug use and depression. Since even single events of illicit drug use are associated with higher levels of BPD, clinicians should rapidly target to stop consumption. Further, psychotherapeutic interventions for BPD in high-risk consumers should especially focus on facilitating adaptive emotion regulation skills in regards to impulsivity and anger.
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Fulco CJ, Bears Augustyn M, Henry KL. Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Adolescent Health Risk Problems: The Role of School Engagement. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:102-118. [PMID: 31165421 PMCID: PMC6891149 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Maternal depressive symptoms disrupt positive youth development, though the pervasiveness of this disruption is understudied. Additionally, it remains unknown whether prosocial factors such as adolescent school engagement may buffer against this risk factor. Using multigenerational, longitudinal data spanning ten years from an ethnically diverse sample of mother-child dyads (66% Black, 17% Hispanic, and 17% White), this study examines the effect of maternal depressive symptoms in late childhood (ages 8-13) on the development and progression of offspring depressive symptoms, substance use, and delinquent behavior during adolescence (ages 14-17). Further, the study examines whether school engagement moderates the ill effects of maternal depressive symptoms. Mother-son (n = 212) and mother-daughter (n = 215) dyads are compared to assess for similarities and differences between male and female offspring. The results indicate that offspring of mothers with greater maternal depressive symptoms are more likely to display higher levels of depressive symptoms, substance use, and delinquency throughout adolescence, although important nuances emerge across outcome and child sex. Additionally, while school engagement itself is associated with reduced depressive symptoms, substance use and delinquency among adolescents, it is not profound enough to offset the risk posed by maternal depressive symptoms. The findings of this study reinforce the pervasive, negative, intergenerational impact of maternal depressive symptoms and has implications for prevention and intervention efforts for adolescent health risk problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia J Fulco
- The Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, 1867 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Megan Bears Augustyn
- The University of Texas at San Antonio, 501W. Cesar Chavez Blvd, San Antonio, TX, 78207, USA
| | - Kimberly L Henry
- The Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, 1867 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Pacheco-Colón I, Ramirez AR, Gonzalez R. Effects of Adolescent Cannabis Use on Motivation and Depression: A Systematic Review. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2019; 6:532-546. [PMID: 34079688 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-019-00274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review This article reviews recent behavioral and neuroimaging studies to elucidate whether adolescent cannabis use is related to reduced motivation and increased risk of depression. Recent findings Recent work suggests that heavy adolescent cannabis use predicts poorer educational outcomes, often presumed to reflect reduced academic motivation, as well as increased levels of depressive symptoms. However, evidence of a link between cannabis use and general motivation was lacking. Factors such as concurrent alcohol and tobacco use, trajectories of cannabis use during adolescence, and cannabis-related changes in underlying neurocircuitry may impact associations among cannabis use, motivation, and depression. Summary Heavy adolescent cannabis use is associated with poorer educational outcomes and increased levels of depressive symptoms. The role of depression in how cannabis may affect motivation, broadly, is not yet clear, as most studies have not examined associations among all three constructs. Future work should explore possible overlap between cannabis effects on motivation and depression, and clarify the temporality of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Pacheco-Colón
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University
| | - Ana Regina Ramirez
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University
| | - Raul Gonzalez
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University
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30
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Lan X, Wang W, Radin R. Depressive Symptoms in Emerging Adults with Early Left-Behind Experiences in Rural China. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2019.1586188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lan
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Claus ED, Feldstein Ewing SW, Magnan RE, Montanaro E, Hutchison KE, Bryan AD. Neural mechanisms of risky decision making in adolescents reporting frequent alcohol and/or marijuana use. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:564-576. [PMID: 28429160 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Because adolescence is a period of heightened exploration of new behaviors, there is a natural increase in risk taking including initial use of alcohol and marijuana. In order to better understand potential differences in neurocognitive functioning among adolescents who use drugs, the current study aimed to identify the neural substrates of risky decision making that differ among adolescents who are primary users of alcohol or marijuana, primary users of both alcohol and marijuana, and controls who report primary use of neither drug. Participants completed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Comparison of brain activation during risky decisions versus non-risky decisions across all subjects revealed greater response to risky decisions in dorsal anterior cinguate cortex (dACC), anterior insula, ventral striatum, and lateral prefrontal cortex. Group comparisons across non-using controls, primary marijuana, primary alcohol, and alcohol and marijuana users revealed several notable differences in the recruitment of brain regions. Adolescents who use both alcohol and marijauna show decreased response during risky decision making compared to controls in insula, striatum, and thalamus, and reduced differentiation of increasing risk in dACC, insula, striatum, and superior parietal lobe compared to controls. These results provide evidence of differential engagement of risky decision making circuits among adolescents with varying levels of alcohol and marijuana use, and may provide useful targets for longitudinal studies that explicitly address causality of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Claus
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
| | - Sarah W Feldstein Ewing
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Mail Code: DC7P, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Renee E Magnan
- Psychology Department, Washington State University Vancouver, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, VCLS 208, Vancouver, WA, 98686-9600, USA
| | - Erika Montanaro
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University, 135 College Street, Suite 200, New Haven, CT, 06510-2483, USA
| | - Kent E Hutchison
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Muenzinger D244, 345 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0345, USA
| | - Angela D Bryan
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Muenzinger D244, 345 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0345, USA
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Anderson CA. Adolescent Substance Use and Effects on the Birth Experience. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2018; 39:988-997. [PMID: 30111219 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1479904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression, violence, and infant complications are recognized risk factors for negative birth experiences. Substance use, which often co-occurs with these risk factors, is unexplored for its role upon the birth experience. The frequency of these risk factors among childbearing adolescents suggests a need for research in this area. This study revealed direct and indirect effects by all risk factors on the adolescent's birth experience. Implications for nursing practice suggest collaboration between maternal child health and mental health nurses in prenatal, hospital, and follow-up healthcare settings to provide essential assessment of risk factors and resources and referrals across the perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Ann Anderson
- a College of Nursing and Health Innovation , University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas , USA
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Schleider JL, Ye F, Wang F, Hipwell AE, Chung T, Sartor CE. Longitudinal Reciprocal Associations Between Anxiety, Depression, and Alcohol Use in Adolescent Girls. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 43:98-107. [PMID: 30474232 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, anxiety, and alcohol misuse predict adverse social, academic, and emotional outcomes, and their relations to one another increase during adolescence-particularly in girls. However, evidence on the directions of these relations is mixed. Longitudinal models of internalizing problem-alcohol use links may identify promising prevention targets. Accordingly, we examined reciprocal associations between anxiety severity and alcohol use, as well as between depression severity and alcohol use, in adolescent girls. METHODS Data were drawn from a population-based longitudinal study of female adolescents. The current sample comprised 2,100 participants (57.1% Black, 42.9% White) assessed annually between ages 13 and 17. Girls self-reported depression severity, anxiety severity, and frequency of alcohol use (consumption of ≥1 full drink) in the past year. Primary caregivers reported on socioeconomic and neighborhood factors; these were included with race, early puberty, and conduct problems (youth-report) as covariates. Anxiety and depression severity were included within a single cross-lagged panel model, along with alcohol use, to isolate their independent and reciprocal links to drinking behavior. RESULTS Higher depression severity modestly predicted increased likelihood of subsequent alcohol use from ages 13 to 17. However, inconsistent relations emerged for the reverse pathway: Alcohol use modestly predicted decreased depression severity at ages 14 and 16; associations were nonsignificant in other lagged associations. Anxiety severity and alcohol use were not consistently associated. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the key role of depression, relative to anxiety, in predicting later alcohol use. Future studies may examine whether depression prevention programs yield secondary reductions in alcohol use in adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feifei Ye
- RAND Corporation , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Frances Wang
- Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alison E Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tammy Chung
- Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carolyn E Sartor
- Department of Psychiatry , Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Oi K, Wilkinson L. Trajectories of Suicidal Ideation from Adolescence to Adulthood: Does the History of Same-Sex Experience Matter? ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2018; 47:2375-2396. [PMID: 30105619 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fluidity of same-sex experience (SSE) can be conceptualized as both a risk and a resource that impacts suicidal ideation over time. Considering whether SSE occurs in adolescence, adulthood, or both, this study suggests that SSE in both adolescence and adulthood is associated with depression and low self-esteem throughout the life course, resulting in chronic susceptibility to suicidal ideation. Yet due to variation in both accumulation of risk and resources over time, trajectories of suicidal ideation during the transition to adulthood likely vary by timing of SSE. To test these hypotheses, we fit latent growth curve models to a gender-stratified sample taken from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (7608 men, 8070 women). We created four groups of SSE: no SSE (6322 men, 5981 women), SSE in adolescence only (634 men, 480 women), SSE in adulthood only (372 men, 1081 women), and SSE in adolescence and adulthood (280 men, 528 women). Men and women with SSE in both life stages had the greatest risk of suicidal ideation in adolescence and in adulthood. Yet women with first SSE in adulthood had less of a decline in suicidal ideation over time, relative to those with no SSE and those with SSE in adolescence only, and this was partially due to higher depression and lower self-esteem. Results suggest greater support is needed for adolescents expressing non-normative sexualities and for those with first SSE in adulthood, a group that is more difficult to identify in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Oi
- Department of Sociology, Northern Arizona University, 330 Paul H. Castro, 5 E. McConnell Dr., Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.
| | - Lindsey Wilkinson
- Department of Sociology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
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Zapolski TC, Rowe AT, Fisher S, Hensel DJ, Barnes-Najor J. Peer victimization and substance use: Understanding the indirect effect of depressive symptomatology across gender. Addict Behav 2018; 84:160-166. [PMID: 29698871 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peer victimization in school is common, with emerging literature suggesting that it may also increase risk for substance abuse. Yet, little is known about the underlying mechanisms within this risk pathway. The objective of this study is to use a prospective 3-wave design to examine the mediating role of depressive symptomatology on the relationship between peer victimization and substance use, as well as examine if the pathway varies based on gender. METHOD 801 youth between 6th and 12th grade completed surveys across three years, which included measures on school peer victimization, depression symptomatology and substance use. Models tested the mediational pathway between victimization, depressive symptoms, and substance use. Models were stratified by gender. RESULTS Controlling for grade and the effect of each variable across waves, a significant indirect effect of peer victimization on substance use through depressive symptoms was found for females, with a non-significant indirect effect for males. CONCLUSION Results suggest that female youth who are victimized by peers engage in substance use behaviors, at least in part, due to increases in depressive symptoms. Given its effect on depression, female victims may therefore benefit from coping skills training that targets emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills in order to combat increased risk for substance use behaviors as a coping response to their victimization. Further research is warranted to better understand the risk pathway for male youth who also experience peer victimization.
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Crookes DM, Demmer RT, Keyes KM, Koenen KC, Suglia SF. Depressive Symptoms, Antidepressant Use, and Hypertension in Young Adulthood. Epidemiology 2018; 29:547-555. [PMID: 29629939 PMCID: PMC5980764 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among adults, depressive symptoms are associated with higher rates of cardiovascular disease; however, the evidence is mixed regarding the association between depressive symptoms and hypertension, especially among young adults. The deleterious effects of some antidepressant medications on blood pressure may contribute to mixed findings. METHODS Adolescents enrolled in Add Health (N = 11,183) (1994-2008) completed an abbreviated Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale at three waves (mean ages, 16, 22, and 29). Antidepressant use was measured at age 22 and at age 29. Hypertension at age 29 was defined as measured systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater, or staff-inventoried anti-hypertensive medication use. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension at age 29 was 20%. High depressive symptoms in adolescence or young adulthood were not associated with hypertension in young adulthood. Antidepressant use at age 29 was associated with increased prevalence of hypertension (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2, 1.7) and an interaction with sex was observed (PRMen, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2, 2.0; PRWomen, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.89, 1.6; pinteraction = 0.0227). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant use were associated with hypertension (PRSSRI, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0, 1.6; PRnon-SSRI, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2, 2.1). CONCLUSIONS In this sample, antidepressant use, but not depressive symptoms, was associated with hypertension in young adulthood. Further research is recommended to examine joint and independent relationships between depression and antidepressant use and hypertension among young adults. See video abstract at, http://links.lww.com/EDE/B355.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M. Crookes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Ryan T. Demmer
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Katherine M. Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Karestan C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Shakira F. Suglia
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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Lydon-Staley DM, Geier CF. Age-Varying Associations Between Cigarette Smoking, Sensation Seeking, and Impulse Control Through Adolescence and Young Adulthood. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2018; 28:354-367. [PMID: 28891119 PMCID: PMC5845819 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sensation seeking (SS) and impulse control (IC) are constructs at the core of dual systems models of adolescent risk taking. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, age-varying associations between SS and IC (predictors) and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking (outcomes) were examined. The association between SS and both any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking was strongest during adolescence. IC was consistently associated with any smoking in the previous 30 days and daily smoking, with the strongest association emerging during the mid-20s to early 30s. The results provide a nuanced perspective on when the components of dual systems models may be most related to smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Lydon-Staley
- Corresponding author: Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, 119 Health and Human Development, University Park, PA 16802. . Phone: 814-867-6472
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Age-varying associations between coping and depressive symptoms throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:665-681. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe objective of the current study was to apply the novel technique of time-varying effect modeling to examine age-varying associations between specific coping strategies and depressive symptoms across adolescence and emerging adulthood (ages 14–24). The participants were drawn from a community sample and followed across 4 years of high school and once 5 years postgraduation (N = 1,251, 53% female, 58% non-Hispanic White). Coping and depressive symptom questionnaires were administered across all data collection time points. Time-varying effect modeling used all available data (N = 5,651 measurement occasions) and adjusted for gender. Venting emotions and denial were associated with more depressive symptoms at a similar magnitude across adolescence and emerging adulthood. A positive association between problem solving oriented strategies (planning, active coping) and depressive symptoms was not observed until age 17.5, after which the magnitude of the association strengthened. More frequent instrumental and emotional support seeking were linked to fewer depressive symptoms between ages 18.8 and 23.6. More frequent use of humor was associated with greater depressive symptoms from ages 14.0 to 14.6, but with fewer depressive symptoms from ages 16.8 to 18.8. The findings illuminate when and how associations between specific coping strategies and depressive symptoms may emerge and change across developmental age, generating both theoretical and clinical implications.
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Berg NJ, Kiviruusu OH, Lintonen TP, Huurre TM. Longitudinal prospective associations between psychological symptoms and heavy episodic drinking from adolescence to midlife. Scand J Public Health 2018; 47:420-427. [PMID: 29644935 DOI: 10.1177/1403494818769174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examined whether development of psychological symptoms (PS) differed between persons with different longitudinal profiles of heavy episodic drinking (HED) from adolescence to midlife. In addition, the reciprocal associations between PS and HED were studied. METHODS Participants of a Finnish cohort study in 1983 at age 16 ( N = 2194) were followed up at ages 22 ( N = 1656), 32 ( N = 1471), and 42 ( N = 1334). HED was assessed with frequency of intoxication (16-22 years) and having six or more drinks in a session (32-42 years). Using latent class analysis, the participants were allocated to steady high, increased, moderate, and steady low groups according to their longitudinal profiles of HED. The PS scale (16-42 years) covered five mental complaints. The latent growth curve of PS was estimated in the HED groups for comparisons. In addition, the prospective associations between symptoms and HED were examined using cross-lagged autoregressive models. RESULTS PS grew from 16 to 32 years, but declined after that, with women having higher level of PS than men. PS trajectory followed a path at highest and lowest level in the steady high and steady low HED groups, respectively. Symptoms predicted later HED, but the association in the opposite direction was not found. CONCLUSIONS The more the HED trajectory indicated frequent HED, the higher was the level of PS throughout the follow-up. Results support the self-medication hypothesis, suggesting that alcohol is used to ease the burden of PS. More attention should be paid to alcohol use of people with mental symptoms in health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora J Berg
- 1 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,2 National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tomi P Lintonen
- 3 Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, Helsinki, Finland.,4 University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Taina M Huurre
- 2 National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,5 City of Vantaa, Vantaa, Finland
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Jang BJ, Patrick ME, Schuler MS. Substance use behaviors and the timing of family formation during young adulthood. JOURNAL OF FAMILY ISSUES 2018; 39:1396-1418. [PMID: 30792566 PMCID: PMC6380513 DOI: 10.1177/0192513x17710285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The impact of substance use on the life course of young adults can be substantial, yet few studies have examined to what extent early adult substance use behaviors are related to the timing of family formation, independent of confounding factors from adolescence. Using panel data from the Monitoring the Future study (N~20,000), the current study examined the associations between three substance use behaviors (i.e., cigarette use, binge drinking, and marijuana use) and the timing of family formation events in young adulthood. Survival analysis and propensity score weighting addressed pre-existing differences between substance users and non-users in the estimation of the timing of union formation (i.e., marriage, cohabitation) and parenthood. Results for young adult substance users showed general patterns of reduced rates of marriage and parenthood, and increased cohabitation during young adulthood. Variations were evident by substance and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohyun Joy Jang
- Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Megan E. Patrick
- Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Megan S. Schuler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Flannery KM, Vannucci A, Ohannessian CM. Using Time-Varying Effect Modeling to Examine Age-Varying Gender Differences in Coping Throughout Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood. J Adolesc Health 2018; 62:S27-S34. [PMID: 29455714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about how and when coping trajectories differ between males and females. The current study aimed to examine gender differences in the use of specific coping strategies across developmental ages using time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) in a large, diverse community sample. METHODS A longitudinal study following adolescents across 4 years of high school and 5 years post graduation (N = 1,251) was combined with a nationally representative cross-sectional study of 18- to 22-year-olds (N = 595) to examine changes in gender differences in the use of coping strategies between ages 13 and 25. The same coping questionnaire was administered to both samples. TVEM was used to examine the age-varying prevalence rates of coping in males and females. RESULTS Gender differences were greatest during middle-to-late adolescence (15-19 years) for active coping, social support seeking, planning, and venting emotions. Females reported greater use of these strategies than males, but males' use increased over time and became equivalent to females after the age of ~19-20. Gender differences in the use of humor did not emerge until the age of 22, at which point the use of humor increased continuously among males but remained stable among females. The use of denial was fairly stable across time, with no gender differences at any age. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the utility of TVEM for advancing our knowledge on gender and coping across developmental time, as males and females used coping strategies at differing rates throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood. Implications for tailoring gender- and age-specific intervention efforts to improve coping and related health behaviors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin M Flannery
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York College at Cortland, Cortland, New York.
| | - Anna Vannucci
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Christine McCauley Ohannessian
- Center for Behavioral Health, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut; Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
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Mareckova K, Holsen LM, Admon R, Makris N, Seidman L, Buka S, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Goldstein JM. Brain activity and connectivity in response to negative affective stimuli: Impact of dysphoric mood and sex across diagnoses. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 37:3733-3744. [PMID: 27246897 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative affective stimuli elicit behavioral and neural responses which vary on a continuum from adaptive to maladaptive, yet are typically investigated in a dichotomous manner (healthy controls vs. psychiatric diagnoses). This practice may limit our ability to fully capture variance from acute responses to negative affective stimuli to psychopathology at the extreme end. To address this, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study to examine the neural responses to negative valence/high arousal and neutral valence/low arousal images as a function of dysphoric mood and sex across individuals (n = 99) who represented traditional categories of healthy controls, major depressive disorder, bipolar psychosis, and schizophrenia. Observation of negative (vs. neutral) stimuli elicited blood oxygen-level dependent responses in the following circuitry: periaqueductal gray, hypothalamus (HYPO), amygdala (AMYG), hippocampus (HIPP), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and greater connectivity between AMYG and mPFC. Across all subjects, severity of dysphoric mood was associated with hyperactivity of HYPO, and, among females, right (R) AMYG. Females also demonstrated inverse relationships between severity of dysphoric mood and connectivity between HYPO - R OFC, R AMYG - R OFC, and R AMYG - R HIPP. Overall, our findings demonstrated sex-dependent deficits in response to negative affective stimuli increasing as a function of dysphoric mood state. Females demonstrated greater inability to regulate arousal as mood became more dysphoric. These findings contribute to elucidating biosignatures associated with response to negative stimuli across disorders and suggest the importance of a sex-dependent lens in determining these biosignatures. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3733-3744, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Mareckova
- Connors Center for Women's Health & Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Brain and Mind Research Programme, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Laura M Holsen
- Connors Center for Women's Health & Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roee Admon
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nikos Makris
- Division of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Athinoula a. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Larry Seidman
- Division of Public Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts Mental Health Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephen Buka
- Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Connors Center for Women's Health & Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Division of Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Athinoula a. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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43
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Rhew IC, Fleming CB, Stoep AV, Nicodimos S, Zheng C, McCauley E. Examination of cumulative effects of early adolescent depression on cannabis and alcohol use disorder in late adolescence in a community-based cohort. Addiction 2017; 112:1952-1960. [PMID: 28600897 PMCID: PMC5633491 DOI: 10.1111/add.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although they often co-occur, the longitudinal relationship between depression and substance use disorders during adolescence remains unclear. This study estimated the effects of cumulative depression during early adolescence (ages 13-15 years) on the likelihood of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) at age 18. DESIGN Prospective cohort study of youth assessed at least annually between 6th and 9th grades (~ age 12-15) and again at age 18. Marginal structural models based on a counterfactual framework that accounted for both potential fixed and time-varying confounders were used to estimate cumulative effects of depressive symptoms over early adolescence. SETTING The sample originated from four public middle schools in Seattle, Washington, USA. PARTICIPANTS The sample consisted of 521 youth (48.4% female; 44.5% were non-Hispanic White). MEASUREMENTS Structured in-person interviews with youth and their parents were conducted to assess diagnostic symptom counts of depression during early adolescence; diagnoses of CUD and AUD at age 18 was based the Voice-Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children. Cumulative depression was defined as the sum of depression symptom counts from grades 7-9. FINDINGS The past-year prevalence of cannabis and alcohol use disorder at the age 18 study wave was 20.9 and 19.8%, respectively. A 1 standard deviation increase in cumulative depression during early adolescence was associated with a 50% higher likelihood of CUD [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07, 2.10]. Although similar in direction, there was no statistically significant association between depression and AUD (PR = 1.41; 95% CI = 0.94, 2.11). Further, there were no differences in associations according to gender. CONCLUSIONS Youth with more chronic or severe forms of depression during early adolescence may be at elevated risk for developing cannabis use disorder compared with otherwise similar youth who experience fewer depressive symptoms during early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac C. Rhew
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles B. Fleming
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ann Vander Stoep
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Semret Nicodimos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth McCauley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
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Ihongbe FA, Ihongbe TO, Masho SW, Petrov K. Association between synthetic cannabinoid use and depressive symptomology: Analysis of a US national survey of high-school seniors. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2017.1358306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faith A. Ihongbe
- Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, Northern Virginia Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Timothy O. Ihongbe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Saba W. Masho
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Katerina Petrov
- Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, Northern Virginia Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
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45
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Rolland B, Chazeron ID, Carpentier F, Moustafa F, Viallon A, Jacob X, Lesage P, Ragonnet D, Genty A, Geneste J, Poulet E, Dematteis M, Llorca PM, Naassila M, Brousse G. Comparison between the WHO and NIAAA criteria for binge drinking on drinking features and alcohol-related aftermaths: Results from a cross-sectional study among eight emergency wards in France. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 175:92-98. [PMID: 28411560 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking (BD) consists of heavy episodic alcohol use. Whereas the World Health Organization (WHO) defines BD as 60g of alcohol or more per occasion, the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) conceives BD as drinking 70g (men) or 56g (women) in less than two hours. We compared the subjects delineated by each definition. METHODS Eight-center cross-sectional study among 11,695 subjects hospitalized in emergency wards. Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption (AUDIT-C), CAGE and Rapid Alcohol Problem Screen 4 (RAPS4-QF) questionnaires. The WHO criteria were investigated using the RAPS4-QF. Independent questions assessed the NIAAA criteria. The main medical admission motive was noted. The characteristics of subjects meeting respectively: 1) the exclusive WHO criteria (BD1); 2) the NIAAA criteria (BD2); and 3) no BD criteria (noBD) were compared using multinomial regression analyses. Binary age- and gender-adjusted regression analyses directly compared BD1 and BD2. Subjects with at least four drinking occasions per week were excluded from the analyses, to withdrawn regular heavy drinking. RESULTS Compared to BD1, BD2 subjects were more frequently males (OR=1.67 [1.39-2.0]), single (aOR=1.64 [1.36-1.98]) and unemployed (aOR=1.57 [1.27-1.90]). BD2 reported significantly more drinks per occasion, and higher heavy drinking frequencies. Previous alcohol-related remarks from family (aOR=3.00 [2.53-3.56]), ever drinking on waking-up (aOR=2.05 [1.37-2.72]), and admission for psychiatric motive (aOR=2.27 [1.68-3.07]) were more frequent among BD2 subjects. CONCLUSIONS Compared to WHO criteria, NIAAA criteria for BD delineate subjects with more concerning drinking patterns and alcohol aftermaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rolland
- INSERM ERi24-GRAP, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, F-80025, France.
| | - Ingrid de Chazeron
- Univ. Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, EA7280, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Psychiatrie B, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, France
| | - Françoise Carpentier
- Univ. J. Fourrier, Grenoble, F38042, France; CHU de Grenoble, Pôle Urgence/Médecine Aiguë, Grenoble, F-38043, France
| | - Fares Moustafa
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle SAMU-SMUR-Urgences, Service Urgences Adultes, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, France
| | - Alain Viallon
- CHU Saint-Etienne, Urgences Adulte, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, F-42270, France
| | - Xavier Jacob
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon-sud, Service des Urgences, Pierre Benite, F-69310, France
| | - Patrick Lesage
- Centre Hospitalier Métropole Savoie, Service des Urgences, Chambéry, F-73011, France
| | - Delphine Ragonnet
- Equipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie (ELSA) et Centre de Soins, d'Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie (CSAPA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot - HCL, Lyon F-69437, France
| | - Annick Genty
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service des Urgences Psychiatriques, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, France
| | - Julie Geneste
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Faculté de Médecine, Grenoble F-38042, France; CHU de Grenoble, Addictologie, Grenoble F-38043, France
| | - Emmanuel Poulet
- Psychiatrie des Urgences - Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, EA 4615 « SIPAD », Université Lyon 1 - CH Le Vinatier, Lyon, F 69000, France
| | - Maurice Dematteis
- Clinique d'Addictologie, CHU de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Univ. Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, EA7280, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Psychiatrie B, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, France
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- INSERM ERi24-GRAP, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, F-80025, France
| | - Georges Brousse
- Univ. Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, EA7280, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Psychiatrie B, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003, France
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Abstract
This study examines the association between exposure to microaggressions and marijuana use, using original survey data from a sample of racial/ethnic minority college students (n = 332) from a large Division I university in the United States. Nearly all of our sample (96%) reported at least one experience with microaggressions in the past 6 months, while 33% reported using marijuana regularly. We modeled regular use of marijuana using multiple logistic regression, with consideration of sex, age, race/ethnicity, and microaggression scale scores as covariates. Age, sex, the microinvalidations subscale score, and the full microaggression scale score were significantly associated with marijuana use in our full models (p < .01; p = .01; p = .02; p = .03, respectively). With each additional experience of microaggression, the odds of regular marijuana use increase. Academic communities may consider the primary prevention of discriminatory behavior when addressing student substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Pro
- a The University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa
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47
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Bucholz KK, McCutcheon VV, Agrawal A, Dick DM, Hesselbrock VM, Kramer JR, Kuperman S, Nurnberger JI, Salvatore JE, Schuckit MA, Bierut LJ, Foroud TM, Chan G, Hesselbrock M, Meyers JL, Edenberg HJ, Porjesz B. Comparison of Parent, Peer, Psychiatric, and Cannabis Use Influences Across Stages of Offspring Alcohol Involvement: Evidence from the COGA Prospective Study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:359-368. [PMID: 28073157 PMCID: PMC5272776 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All stages of development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) have not been equally studied. While initiation of drinking has been given considerable attention, other stages have not been as thoroughly investigated. It is not clear whether the same factors are associated consistently across early and late transitions in AUD involvement. High-risk family samples that are enriched for AUD vulnerability and transitions in AUD development offer an opportunity to examine influences across multiple stages of AUD development. METHODS Data from adolescents and young adults from high-risk families were used to study 4 transitions in AUD development-time to first drink, first drink to first problem, first drink to first diagnosis, and first problem to first diagnosis. Cox modeling was used to compare associations of parental AUD, parental separation, peer substance use, offspring ever-use of cannabis, trauma exposures, and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology across transitions. RESULTS Hazards of most transitions were elevated for those who had ever used cannabis, those who attributed substance use to their peers, those with externalizing disorders, and those with parents with AUD. Many risk factors were linked to early initiation of alcohol, particularly cannabis use. Internalizing disorders were associated with later stages. Nonassaultive trauma was associated only with early initiation; assaultive trauma was not associated with any transition. CONCLUSIONS In this large, ethnically diverse sample of high-risk youth, significant influences across transitions were fairly consistent, with externalizing disorders and cannabis ever-use elevating the likelihood of each stage, and peer and parental (and especially maternal AUD) influences linked to initiation and some later stages. Finally, in light of the increasingly permissive legal and social stances toward cannabis in the United States, the marked elevations of all alcohol outcomes observed for cannabis use underscore the importance of studying the underpinnings of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen K Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Vivia V McCutcheon
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | - John R Kramer
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Jessica E Salvatore
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Marc A Schuckit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Grace Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Michie Hesselbrock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
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Patrick ME, Kloska DD, Vasilenko SA, Lanza ST. Perceived friends' use as a risk factor for marijuana use across young adulthood. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2016; 30:904-914. [PMID: 27736148 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Perceived social norms of substance use are commonly identified as a risk factor for use. How the strength of association between perceived friends' use and substance use may change across development has not yet been documented. The current analysis considers how the associations between perceived friends' marijuana use and participants' own use of any marijuana in the past year changes from ages 18 to 30 using longitudinal data from the United States national Monitoring the Future study from 1976 to 2014 (N = 30,794 people). Time-varying effect modeling (TVEM) was used to examine the associations between perceived friends' use of marijuana and participants' own annual marijuana use by age, as well as the extent to which these time-varying associations were moderated by sex, race/ethnicity, and parental education. Associations between perceived friends' use and own marijuana use increased with age. In addition, the association between perceived friends' use and own marijuana use significantly varied by demographic groups, such that it was significantly greater for men from ages 19 to 24 and from ages 27 to 30, compared with women; for Whites, compared with other race/ethnicities, across all ages; and for individuals whose parents attended college, compared with those whose parents had a high school education or less, across all ages. Results suggest that perceived friends' marijuana use becomes an even more important marker for increased marijuana use as people age through young adulthood. Therefore, the role of peers in substance use remains crucial beyond adolescence and should be incorporated into intervention strategies for young adults. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Lanza ST, Vasilenko SA, Russell MA. Time-varying effect modeling to address new questions in behavioral research: Examples in marijuana use. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2016; 30:939-954. [PMID: 27736149 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Time-varying effect modeling (TVEM), a statistical approach that enables researchers to estimate dynamic associations between variables across time, holds enormous potential to advance behavioral research. TVEM can address innovative questions about processes that unfold across different levels of time. We present a conceptual introduction to the approach and demonstrate 4 innovative ways to approach time in TVEM to advance research on the etiology of marijuana use. First, we examine changes in associations across historical time to understand how the link between marijuana use attitudes and marijuana use behavior has shifted from 1976 to present; gender differences in the relevance of attitudes diminished over time and were no longer significant after 2004. Second, we examine age-varying associations between heavy episodic drinking and marijuana use across developmental time and demonstrate that this dynamic association is substantially stronger during ages 14 to 16 compared with later ages. Third, we explore the complex association between age of onset of marijuana use and adult marijuana use to identify precise age ranges during which the onset of use is most risky, and demonstrate how this complex association is more salient for males. Finally, we examine changes in marijuana use as a function of time relative to the birth of first child and show how this transition is more crucial for females. All empirical examples in this methodological demonstration rely on existing data from cross-sectional or panel studies. We conclude with thoughts on future directions for the application and further development of TVEM in behavioral research. (PsycINFO Database Record
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