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Rocha Vogel A, Kolberg Y, Schmidt M, Kahlert H, von Tümpling W. Potential deterioration of chemical water quality due to trace metal adsorption onto tire and road wear particles - Environmentally representative experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 359:124571. [PMID: 39032551 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles are an increasing issue in particle emissions to the environment. Germany-wide approximately 100,000 t tire wear particles are emitted every year into the environment which are estimated to be one third of the microplastic emissions. Up to 20% are estimated to reach inland surface waters. Their behavior in the aquatic environment is understudied. Tire wear particles have an overly hydrophobic surface that is capable of adsorbing substances like trace elements. In this study we investigated the adsorption and desorption of trace metals onto and from the particle surface of tire-related samples in water samples of the Freiberger Mulde, a river with naturally elevated concentration of trace elements. The priority trace metals Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb show a significant adsorption onto the particle surface of tire-related samples. Tire wear particles themselves revealed adsorption of mainly Ni, Cd and Pb. Regarding the German classification for suspended matter in freshwaters, an endangering of the chemical water quality is expected due to the adsorption process and not due to the particles themselves. Upcoming electromobility is expected to increase the Zn (increased tire abrasion) and decrease the Cu amount (reduced brake abrasion) released to freshwaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Rocha Vogel
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Central Laboratory for Water Analytics and Chemometrics, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Yannik Kolberg
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Central Laboratory for Water Analytics and Chemometrics, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; University of Greifswald, Institute for Biochemistry, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Isotope Biogeochemistry, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heike Kahlert
- University of Greifswald, Institute for Biochemistry, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolf von Tümpling
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Central Laboratory for Water Analytics and Chemometrics, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
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2
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Yu W, Tang S, Wong JWC, Luo Z, Li Z, Thai PK, Zhu M, Yin H, Niu J. Degradation and detoxification of 6PPD-quinone in water by ultraviolet-activated peroxymonosulfate: Mechanisms, byproducts, and impact on sediment microbial community. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 263:122210. [PMID: 39106621 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone (6PPD-Q) has been identified to induce acute toxicity to multifarious aquatic organisms at exceptionally low concentrations. The ubiquity and harmful effects of 6PPD-Q emphasize the critical need for its degradation from water ecosystems. Herein, we explored the transformation of 6PPD-Q by an ultraviolet-activated peroxymonosulfate (UV/PMS) system, focusing on mechanism, products and toxicity variation. Results showed that complete degradation of 6PPD-Q was achieved when the initial ratio of PMS and 6PPD-Q was 60:1. The quenching experiments and EPR tests indicated that SO4•- and •OH radicals were primarily responsible for 6PPD-Q removal. Twenty-one degradation products were determined through high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry, and it was postulated that hydroxylation, oxidative cleavage, quinone decomposition, ring oxidation, as well as rearrangement and deamination were the major transformation pathways of 6PPD-Q. Toxicity prediction revealed that all identified products exhibited lower acute and chronic toxicities to fish, daphnid and green algae compared to 6PPD-Q. Exposure experiments also uncovered that 6PPD-Q considerably reduced the community diversity and altered the community assembly and functional traits of the sediment microbiome. However, we discovered that the toxicity of 6PPD-Q degradation solutions was effectively decreased, suggesting the superior detoxifying capability of the UV/PMS system for 6PPD-Q. These findings highlight the underlying detrimental impacts of 6PPD-Q on aquatic ecosystems and enrich our understanding of the photochemical oxidation behavior of 6PPD-Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Yu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Shaoyu Tang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhujun Luo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zongrui Li
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Phong K Thai
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Minghan Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Hua Yin
- China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Junfeng Niu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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3
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Wang Y, Li X, Yang H, Wu Y, Pu Q, He W, Li X. A review of tire wear particles: Occurrence, adverse effects, and control strategies. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116782. [PMID: 39059345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs), common mixed particulate emerging contaminants in the environment, have global per capita emissions accounting for 0.23-1.9 kg/year, attracting global attention recently due to their wide detection, small size, mobility, and high toxicity. This review focuses on the occurrence characteristics of TWPs in multiple environmental media, adverse effects on organisms, potential toxicity mechanisms, and environmental risk prevention and control strategies of TWPs. The environmental fate of TWPs throughout the entire process is systematically investigated by the bibliometric analysis function of CiteSpace. This review supplements the gap in the joint toxicity and related toxicity mechanisms of TWPs with other environmental pollutants. Based on the risks review of TWPs and their additives, adverse impacts have been found in organisms from aquatic environments, soil, and humans, such as the growth inhibition effect on Chironomus dilutes. A multi-faceted and rationalized prevention and control treatment of "source-process-end" for the whole process can be achieved by regulating the use of studded tires, improving the tire additive formula, growing plants roadside, encouraging micro-degradation, and other methods, which are first reviewed. By addressing the current knowledge gaps and exploring prospects, this study contributes to developing strategies for reducing risks and assessing the fate of TWPs in multiple environmental media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Life Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China.
| | - Xinao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Yang Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Qikun Pu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Wei He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xixi Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's A1B 3X5, Canada.
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4
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Li J, Wang W, Liang Y, Ye Z, Yin S, Ding T. Research on characteristics and influencing factors of road dust emission in a southern city in China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:890. [PMID: 39230831 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-13039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
One of the primary causes of urban atmospheric particulate matter, which is harmful to human health in addition to affecting air quality and atmospheric visibility, is road dust. This study used online monitoring equipment to examine the characteristics of road dust emissions, the effects of temperature, humidity, and wind speed on road dust, as well as the correlation between road and high-space particulate matter concentrations. A section of a real road in Jinhua City, South China, was chosen for the study. The findings demonstrate that the concentration of road dust particles has a very clear bimodal single-valley distribution throughout the day, peaking between 8:00 and 11:00 and 19:00 and 21:00 and troughing between 14:00 and 16:00. Throughout the year, there is a noticeable seasonal change in the concentration of road dust particles, with the highest concentration in the winter and the lowest in the summer. Simultaneously, it has been discovered that temperature and wind speed have the most effects on particle concentration. The concentration of road dust particles reduces with increasing temperature and wind speed. The particle concentrations of road particles and those from urban environmental monitoring stations have a strong correlation, although the trend in the former is not entirely consistent, and the changes in the former occur approximately 1 h after the changes in the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinye Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yanxia Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhou Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- Shangyi Smart Environment (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Shengqi Yin
- Shangyi Smart Environment (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Song J, Meng Q, Song H, Ni X, Zhou H, Liu Y, Zhan J, Yi X. Combined toxicity of pristine or artificially aged tire wear particles and bisphenols to Tigriopus japonicus. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142894. [PMID: 39029709 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) are considered an important component of microplastic pollution in the marine environment and occur together with a variety of aquatic pollutants, including frequently detected bisphenols. The adverse effects of TWPs or bisphenols on aquatic organisms have been widely reported. However, the combined toxicity of TWPs and bisphenols is still unknown. In this study, the combined toxicity of both pristine (p-) and aged TWPs (a-TWPs) and four bisphenols ((bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF)) to Tigriopus japonicus was evaluated. TWPs increased the toxicity of BPA and BPF but decreased the toxicity of BPAF. For BPS, there was synergistic toxic effect in the presence of p-TWPs, but slightly antagonistic effect was observed in the presence of a-TWPs. This adsorption of BPAF by TWPs resulted in a reduction of its toxicity to the copepod. A-TWPs could release more Zn than p-TWPs, and the released Zn contributed to the synergistic effect of TWPs and BPA or BPF. The aggregation formed by TWPs in certain sizes (e.g., 90-110 μm) could cause intestinal damage and lipid peroxidation in T. japonicus. The synergistic effect of p-TWPs and BPS might be due to the aggregation size of the binary mixture. The results of the current study will be important to understand the combined toxic effect of TWPs and bisphenols and the potential toxic mechanisms of the binary mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Song
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Qian Meng
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Hongyu Song
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Xiaoming Ni
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jingjing Zhan
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Xianliang Yi
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin City, Liaoning, 116024, China.
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Kimura R, Inoguchi E, Kitayama C, Michishita M, Fujinuma R. Microplastic ingestion by sea turtles around Tokyo Bay: Level of water pollution influences ingestion amounts. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 206:116673. [PMID: 39018826 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the contents inside the esophagus and stomach of turtles inside and outside of the Tokyo Bay area, which face high and low risks of microplastic (MP) exposure, respectively. 65 synthetic particles were recovered from 8 out of 22 turtles, using ATR-FTIR followed by density separation with calcium chloride solution. Statistical analysis indicated that turtles in high-risk areas ingested significantly more MPs than those in low-risk areas. As the inflow of MPs from major rivers influences pollution levels in the ocean, the results of this study highlight the importance of major rivers for MP ingestion by turtles. Additionally, we discussed the current methodology's shortcomings and addressed scope for subsequent research, along with suggestions on future conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riko Kimura
- International Christian University, 3-10-2 Osawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8585, Japan
| | - Emi Inoguchi
- Everlasting Nature of Asia (ELNA), 3-17-8 Nishi-kanagawa, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 221-0822, Japan
| | - Chiyo Kitayama
- Everlasting Nature of Asia (ELNA), 3-17-8 Nishi-kanagawa, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 221-0822, Japan
| | - Masaki Michishita
- Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujinuma
- International Christian University, 3-10-2 Osawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8585, Japan.
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7
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Gaggini EL, Polukarova M, Bondelind M, Rødland E, Strömvall AM, Andersson-Sköld Y, Sokolova E. Assessment of fine and coarse tyre wear particles along a highway stormwater system and in receiving waters: Occurrence and transport. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 367:121989. [PMID: 39096731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Tyre wear has been identified as a major road-related pollutant source, with road runoff transporting tyre wear particles (TWP) to adjacent soil, watercourses, or further through stormwater systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and transport of TWP along a stormwater system. Water and sediment have been sampled at selected points (road runoff, gully pots, wells, outlet to a ditch, and stream) through a stormwater system situated along a highway in Sweden during November and December 2022, and March 2023. As there is limited data on the size distribution of TWP in different environmental media, especially in the size fraction <20 μm, the samples were fractioned into a fine (1.6-20 μm) and a coarse (1.6-500 μm) size fraction. The samples were analysed using a combination of marker compounds (benzene, α-methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, and butadiene trimer) for styrene-butadiene rubbers with PYR-GC/MS from which TWP concentration was calculated. Suspended solids were analysed in the water samples, and organic content was analysed in the sediment samples. TWP was found at nearly all locations, with concentrations up to 17 mg/L in the water samples and up to 40 mg/g in the sediment samples. In the sediment samples, TWP in the size fraction 1.6-20 μm represented a significant proportion (20-60%). Correlations were found between TWP concentration and suspended solids in the water samples (r = 0.87) and organic content in the sediment samples (r = 0.72). The results presented in this study demonstrate that TWP can be transported to the surrounding environment through road runoff, with limited retention in the studied stormwater system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elly Lucia Gaggini
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Maria Polukarova
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Box 8072, SE-402 78, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Mia Bondelind
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Elisabeth Rødland
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, NO-0579, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ann-Margret Strömvall
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Yvonne Andersson-Sköld
- Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Box 8072, SE-402 78, Gothenburg, Sweden; Division of Geology and Geotechnics, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ekaterina Sokolova
- Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Bergmann AJ, Masset T, Breider F, Dudefoi W, Schirmer K, Ferrari BJD, Vermeirssen ELM. Estrogenic, Genotoxic, and Antibacterial Effects of Chemicals from Cryogenically Milled Tire Tread. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:1962-1972. [PMID: 39031710 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) contain complex mixtures of chemicals and release them to the environment, and potential toxic effects of these chemicals still need to be characterized. We used a standardized surrogate for TRWP, cryogenically milled tire tread (CMTT), to isolate and evaluate effects of tire-associated chemicals. We examined organic chemical mixtures extracted and leached from CMTT for the toxicity endpoints genotoxicity, estrogenicity, and inhibition of bacterial luminescence. The bioassays were performed after chromatographic separation on high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) plates. Extracts of CMTT were active in all three HPTLC bioassays with two estrogenic zones, two genotoxic zones, and two zones inhibiting bacterial luminescence. Extracts of CMTT artificially aged with thermooxidation were equally bioactive in each HPTLC bioassay. Two types of aqueous leachates of unaged CMTT, simulating either digestion by fish or contact with sediment and water, contained estrogenic chemicals and inhibitors of bacterial luminescence with similar profiles to those of CMTT extracts. Of 11 tested tire-associated chemicals, two were estrogenic, three were genotoxic, and several inhibited bacterial luminescence. 1,3-Diphenylguanidine, transformation products of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, and benzothiazoles were especially implicated through comparison to HPTLC retention factors in the CMTT samples. Other bioactive bands in CMTT samples did not correspond to any target chemicals. Tire particles clearly contain and can leach complex mixtures of toxic chemicals to the environment. Although some known chemicals contribute to estrogenic, genotoxic, and antibacterial hazards, unidentified toxic chemicals are still present and deserve further investigation. Overall, our study expands the understanding of potential adverse effects from tire particles and helps improve the link between those effects and the responsible chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1962-1972. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Bergmann
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - T Masset
- Central Environmental Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - W Dudefoi
- Department Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - K Schirmer
- Department Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B J D Ferrari
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ivaneev A, Brzhezinskiy A, Karandashev V, Fedyunina N, Ermolin M, Fedotov P. Nanoparticles of dust as an emerging contaminant in urban environments. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:367. [PMID: 39167245 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02139-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Due to very high mobility in the environment and penetration ability into living organisms, nanoparticles (NPs) of urban dust pose a potential threat to human health and urban ecosystems. Currently, data on the chemical composition of NPs of urban dust, their fate in the environment, and corresponding risks are rather limited. In the present work, NPs of deposited urban dust have been comprehensively studied for the first time; NPs isolated from 78 samples of dust collected in Moscow, the largest megacity in Europe, being taken as example. The elemental composition, potential sources as well as environmental, ecological, and health risks of NPs of urban dust are assessed. It is found that dust NPs are extremely enriched by Cu, Hg, Zn, Mo, Sb, and Pb, and can serve as their carrier in urban environments. No regularities in the spatial distribution of elements have been found, probably, due to high mobility of dust NPs. High ecological and health risks caused by dust NPs are demonstrated. Source apportionment study has evaluated one natural and two anthropogenic sources of elements in NPs of urban dust; the contribution of natural and anthropogenic sources being comparable. It is also shown that dust NPs may be considered as an important carrier of trace elements in urban aquatic systems. Additionally, the risks associated with NPs and bulk samples of dust have been compared. The observed risks associated with NPs are significantly higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Ivaneev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - Anton Brzhezinskiy
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- Russian Biotechnological University, Moscow, Russia, 125080
| | - Vasily Karandashev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia, 142432
| | - Natalia Fedyunina
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Moscow, Russia, 119049
| | - Mikhail Ermolin
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Petr Fedotov
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin Street, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- National University of Science and Technology 'MISIS', Moscow, Russia, 119049
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10
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Zhang Y, Zhao T, Zhang Y, Song Q, Meng Q, Zhou S, Wei L, Qi Y, Guo Y, Cong J. Accumulation and depuration of tire wear particles in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and toxic effects on gill, liver, and gut. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175625. [PMID: 39163933 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The toxic effects of tire wear particles (TWPs) in the environment are a growing concern for a variety of aquatic organisms. However, studies about TWPs toxicity on aquatic organisms are limited. This study investigated the accumulation and depuration of TWPs in zebrafish at three different concentrations (5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, and 20 mg/L), as well as the toxic effects on the gill, liver, and gut. We found that TWPs could accumulate in the gill and gut for a long time, and the number of TWPs at the high-concentration (20 mg/L) was higher than at the low-concentration (5 mg/L). TWPs induced oxidative stress in the gill and liver. The liver transcriptome profiles indicated that the high concentration of TWPs tended to up-regulate metabolic processes, whereas the low concentration of TWPs was inclined to down-regulate cellular processes. The high-concentration treatment significantly increased xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism, and lipid metabolism-related pathways, whereas the low-concentration treatment distinctly altered amino acid metabolism-related pathways. The expression of gstt1b, ugt1a1, mgst3b, miox, hsd17b3, and cyp8b1 gene was up-regulated in all TWPs treatments. In addition, Gemmobacter and Shinella enriched in the high-concentration treatment were closely correlated with the degradation of TWPs. These findings provided objective evidence for the toxicity evaluation of TWPs on zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Hospital), Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qingxuan Meng
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Siyu Zhou
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yinuo Qi
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yinyuan Guo
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jing Cong
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.
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11
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Zhao T, Zhang Y, Song Q, Meng Q, Zhou S, Cong J. Tire and road wear particles in the aquatic organisms - A review of source, properties, exposure routes, and biological effects. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:107010. [PMID: 38917645 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous development of the modern social economy, rubber has been widely used in our daily life. Tire and road wear particles (TRWPs) are generated by friction between tires and the road surface during the processes of driving, acceleration, and braking. TRWPs can be divided into three main components according to their source: tire tread, brake wear, and road wear. Due to urban runoff, TRWPs flow with rainwater into the aquatic environment and influence the surrounding aquatic organisms. As an emerging contaminant, TRWPs with the characteristics of small particles and strong toxicity have been given more attention recently. Here, we summarized the existing knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of TRWPs, the pathways of TRWPs into the water body, and the exposure routes of TRWPs. Furthermore, we introduced the biological effects of TRWPs involved in size, concentration, and shape, as well as key toxic compounds involved in heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), and benzothiazole on aquatic organisms, and attempted to find the relevant factors influencing the toxic effects of TRWPs. In the context of existing policies that ignore pollution from TRWPs emissions in the aquatic environment, we also proposed measures to mitigate the impact of TRWPs in the future, as well as an outlook for TRWPs research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhao
- College of Marine Science and biological engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Marine Science and biological engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Qianqian Song
- College of Marine Science and biological engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Qingxuan Meng
- College of Marine Science and biological engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Siyu Zhou
- College of Marine Science and biological engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Jing Cong
- College of Marine Science and biological engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Qingdao 266000, PR China.
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12
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Bouredji A, Muresan B, Truong XT, Lumière L, Pourchez J, Forest V. An in vitro comparison of the toxicological profiles of ground tire particles (TP) and actual tire and road wear particles (TRWP) emissions. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108885. [PMID: 39024828 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
There is currently limited data on the potential effects of tire and road wear particles (TRWP) on human health. TRWP include tire fragments, but also road wear materials, dust, adsorbed gaseous pollutants and different types of inclusions that could affect their hazard profiles. Due to their availability and lower complexity, ground tire particles (TP) are often used in toxicological studies. However, this makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions about the potential hazard of actual TRWP. Here, we compared the in vitro toxicological profile of ground TP and actual TRWP emissions of similar size collected from road traffic. For this purpose, TP and TRWP were separately incubated with alveolar macrophages for 24 h, and the cellular response was evaluated in terms of cytotoxicity, proinflammatory response and oxidative stress. Both TP and TRWP induced neither significant cytotoxicity nor oxidative stress, but triggered a concentration-dependent proinflammatory response, as evidenced by increased TNF-α production. The level of TNF-α production was slightly higher with TRWP than with TP, independent of the particle dose. All in all, the pulmonary toxicity of TRWP could be due primarily to the tire tread inclusions and only marginally to other particle components (i.e. road wear materials, dust …). Although these preliminary results need to be confirmed by further analysis, they could be useful for tire manufacturers in the production of safer-by-design tires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahmane Bouredji
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France
| | - Bogdan Muresan
- Université Gustave Eiffel, AME-EASE, Bouguenais F-44344, France
| | | | | | - Jérémie Pourchez
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France
| | - Valérie Forest
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France.
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13
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Portugal J, Bedia C, Amato F, Juárez-Facio AT, Stamatiou R, Lazou A, Campiglio CE, Elihn K, Piña B. Toxicity of airborne nanoparticles: Facts and challenges. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108889. [PMID: 39042967 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the most severe environmental healthhazards, and airborne nanoparticles (diameter <100 nm) are considered particularly hazardous to human health. They are produced by various sources such as internal combustion engines, wood and biomass burning, and fuel and natural gas combustion, and their origin, among other parameters, determines their intrinsic toxicity for reasons that are not yet fully understood. Many constituents of the nanoparticles are considered toxic or at least hazardous, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metal compounds, in addition to gaseous pollutants present in the aerosol fraction, such as NOx, SO2, and ozone. All these compounds can cause oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, inflammation in the lungs and other tissues, and cellular organelles. Epidemiological investigations concluded that airborne pollution may affect the respiratory, cardiovascular, and nervous systems. Moreover, particulate matter has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer, a carcinogenic effect not related to DNA damage, but to the cellular inflammatory response to the pollutants, in which the release of cytokines promotes the proliferation of pre-existing mutated cancer cells. The mechanisms behind toxicity can be investigated experimentally using cell cultures or animal models. Methods for gathering particulate matter have been explored, but standardized protocols are needed to ensure that the samples accurately represent chemical mixtures in the environment. Toxic constituents of nanoparticles can be studied in animal and cellular models, but designing realistic exposure settings is challenging. The air-liquid interface (ALI) system directly exposes cells, mimicking particle inhalation into the lungs. Continuous research and monitoring of nanoparticles and other airborne pollutants is essential for understanding their effects and developing active strategies to mitigate their risks to human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Portugal
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Bedia
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fulvio Amato
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana T Juárez-Facio
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodopi Stamatiou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chiara E Campiglio
- Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, 24044 Dalmine, BG, Italy
| | - Karine Elihn
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Piña
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Li K, Hao W, Chen Z, Ye Z. Acute inhibitory effects of tire wear particles on the removal of biological phosphorus:The critical role of aging in improving environmentally persistent free radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124638. [PMID: 39089474 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
A comparative study explored how photoaging, ozonation aging, and Fenton aging affect tire wear particles (TWPs) and their phosphorus (P) removal in activated sludge. Aging altered TWPs' properties, increasing surface roughness, porosity, and generating more small particles, especially environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in ozonation and Fenton aging. Post-aging TWPs (50 mg/L) inhibited sludge P removal significantly (p < 0.05), with rates of 44.3% and 59.6% for ozonation and Fenton aging, respectively. In addition, the metabolites involved in P cycling (poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates: PHA and glycogen) and essential enzymes (Exopolyphosphatase: PPX and Polyphosphate kinase: PPK) were significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). Moreover, TWPs led to a decrease in microbial cells within the sludge and altered the community structure, a situation exacerbated by the aging of TWPs. P-removing bacteria decreased (e.g., Burkholderia, Candidatus), while extracellular polymeric substance-secreting bacteria increased (e.g., Pseudomonas, Novosphingobium). Pearson correlation analysis highlighted EPFRs' role in TWPs' acute toxicity to microbial cells, yet, emphasizing particle size's impact on the sludge system's purification and community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China.
| | - Wanqi Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Zhangle Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Zidong Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
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15
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Seewoo BJ, Wong EV, Mulders YR, Goodes LM, Eroglu E, Brunner M, Gozt A, Toshniwal P, Symeonides C, Dunlop SA. Impacts associated with the plastic polymers polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polybutadiene across their life cycle: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32912. [PMID: 39022097 PMCID: PMC11253235 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymers are the main building blocks of plastic, with the annual global production volume of fossil carbon-based polymers reaching over 457 million metric tons in 2019 and this figure is anticipated to triple by 2060. There is potential for environmental harm and adverse human health impacts associated with plastic, its constituent polymers and the chemicals therein, at all stages of the plastic life cycle, from extraction of raw materials, production and manufacturing, consumption, through to ultimate disposal and waste management. While there have been considerable research and policy efforts in identifying and mitigating the impacts associated with problematic plastic products such as single-use plastics and hazardous chemicals in plastics, with national and/or international regulations to phase out their use, plastic polymers are often overlooked. In this review, the polymer dimension of the current knowledge on environmental release, human exposure and health impacts of plastic is discussed across the plastic life cycle, including chemicals used in production and additives commonly used to achieve the properties needed for applications for which the polymers are generally used. This review focuses on polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polybutadiene, four common plastic polymers made from the hazardous monomers, bisphenol, styrene, vinyl chloride and 1,3-butadiene, respectively. Potential alternative polymers, chemicals, and products are considered. Our findings emphasise the need for a whole system approach to be undertaken for effective regulation of plastics whereby the impacts of plastics are assessed with respect to their constituent polymers, chemicals, and applications and across their entire life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhedita J. Seewoo
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Enoch V.S. Wong
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yannick R. Mulders
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Louise M. Goodes
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ela Eroglu
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Manuel Brunner
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Gozt
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Priyanka Toshniwal
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Christos Symeonides
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah A. Dunlop
- Minderoo Foundation, 171 - 173 Mounts Bay Road, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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16
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Le Du-Carrée J, Palacios CK, Rotander A, Larsson M, Alijagic A, Kotlyar O, Engwall M, Sjöberg V, Keiter SH, Almeda R. Cocktail effects of tire wear particles leachates on diverse biological models: A multilevel analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134401. [PMID: 38678714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWP) stand out as a major contributor to microplastic pollution, yet their environmental impact remains inadequately understood. This study delves into the cocktail effects of TWP leachates, employing molecular, cellular, and organismal assessments on diverse biological models. Extracted in artificial seawater and analyzed for metals and organic compounds, TWP leachates revealed the presence of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and 4-tert-octylphenol. Exposure to TWP leachates (1.5 to 1000 mg peq L-1) inhibited algae growth and induced zebrafish embryotoxicity, pigment alterations, and behavioral changes. Cell painting uncovered pro-apoptotic changes, while mechanism-specific gene-reporter assays highlighted endocrine-disrupting potential, particularly antiandrogenic effects. Although heavy metals like zinc have been suggested as major players in TWP leachate toxicity, this study emphasizes water-leachable organic compounds as the primary causative agents of observed acute toxicity. The findings underscore the need to reduce TWP pollution in aquatic systems and enhance regulations governing highly toxic tire additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Le Du-Carrée
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Clara Kempkens Palacios
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Rotander
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Maria Larsson
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Andi Alijagic
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Oleksandr Kotlyar
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Centre for Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems (AASS), Mobile Robotics and Olfaction Lab (MRO), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Magnus Engwall
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Viktor Sjöberg
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Steffen H Keiter
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Biology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Almeda
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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17
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Lv M, Meng F, Man M, Lu S, Ren S, Yang X, Wang Q, Chen L, Ding J. Aging increases the particulate- and leachate-induced toxicity of tire wear particles to microalgae. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 256:121653. [PMID: 38678723 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The toxic effects of tire wear particles (TWPs) on organisms have attracted widespread concerns over the past decade. However, the underlying toxicity mechanism of TWPs, especially aged TWPs to marine microalgae remains poorly understood. This study investigated the physiological and metabolic responses of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to different concentrations of TWPs (Experiment 1), virgin and differently aged TWPs (Experiment 2) as well as their leachates and leached particles (Experiment 3). Results demonstrated that TWPs promoted the growth of microalgae at low concentrations (0.6 and 3 mg L-1) and inhibited their growth at high concentrations (15 and 75 mg L-1). Moreover, aged TWPs induced more profound physiological effects on microalgae than virgin TWPs, including inhibiting microalgae growth, decreasing the content of Chla, promoting photosynthetic efficiency, and causing oxidative damage to algal cells. Untargeted metabolomics analysis confirmed that aged TWPs induced more pronounced metabolic changes than virgin TWPs. This study represented the first to demonstrate that both particulate- and leachate-induced toxicity of TWPs was increased after aging processes, which was confirmed by the changes in the surface morphology of TWPs and enhanced release of additives. Through the significant correlations between the additives and the microalgal metabolites, key additives responsible for the shift of microalgal metabolites were identified. These results broaden the understanding of the toxicity mechanism of aged TWPs to microalgae at the physiological and metabolic levels and appeal for considering the effects of long-term aging on TWP toxicity in risk assessment of TWPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Fanyu Meng
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Mingsan Man
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Suyu Ren
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qiaoning Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Jing Ding
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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18
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Mayer PM, Moran KD, Miller EL, Brander SM, Harper S, Garcia-Jaramillo M, Carrasco-Navarro V, Ho KT, Burgess RM, Thornton Hampton LM, Granek EF, McCauley M, McIntyre JK, Kolodziej EP, Hu X, Williams AJ, Beckingham BA, Jackson ME, Sanders-Smith RD, Fender CL, King GA, Bollman M, Kaushal SS, Cunningham BE, Hutton SJ, Lang J, Goss HV, Siddiqui S, Sutton R, Lin D, Mendez M. Where the rubber meets the road: Emerging environmental impacts of tire wear particles and their chemical cocktails. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171153. [PMID: 38460683 PMCID: PMC11214769 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
About 3 billion new tires are produced each year and about 800 million tires become waste annually. Global dependence upon tires produced from natural rubber and petroleum-based compounds represents a persistent and complex environmental problem with only partial and often-times, ineffective solutions. Tire emissions may be in the form of whole tires, tire particles, and chemical compounds, each of which is transported through various atmospheric, terrestrial, and aquatic routes in the natural and built environments. Production and use of tires generates multiple heavy metals, plastics, PAH's, and other compounds that can be toxic alone or as chemical cocktails. Used tires require storage space, are energy intensive to recycle, and generally have few post-wear uses that are not also potential sources of pollutants (e.g., crumb rubber, pavements, burning). Tire particles emitted during use are a major component of microplastics in urban runoff and a source of unique and highly potent toxic substances. Thus, tires represent a ubiquitous and complex pollutant that requires a comprehensive examination to develop effective management and remediation. We approach the issue of tire pollution holistically by examining the life cycle of tires across production, emissions, recycling, and disposal. In this paper, we synthesize recent research and data about the environmental and human health risks associated with the production, use, and disposal of tires and discuss gaps in our knowledge about fate and transport, as well as the toxicology of tire particles and chemical leachates. We examine potential management and remediation approaches for addressing exposure risks across the life cycle of tires. We consider tires as pollutants across three levels: tires in their whole state, as particulates, and as a mixture of chemical cocktails. Finally, we discuss information gaps in our understanding of tires as a pollutant and outline key questions to improve our knowledge and ability to manage and remediate tire pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Mayer
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States of America.
| | - Kelly D Moran
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, 4911 Central Ave, Richmond, CA 94804, United States of America.
| | - Ezra L Miller
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, 4911 Central Ave, Richmond, CA 94804, United States of America.
| | - Susanne M Brander
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.
| | - Stacey Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States of America.
| | - Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.
| | - Victor Carrasco-Navarro
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Yliopistonranta 1 E, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Kay T Ho
- US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI 02882, United States of America.
| | - Robert M Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI 02882, United States of America.
| | - Leah M Thornton Hampton
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd, Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, United States of America.
| | - Elise F Granek
- Environmental Science & Management, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, United States of America.
| | - Margaret McCauley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10, Seattle, WA 98101, United States of America.
| | - Jenifer K McIntyre
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington Stormwater Center, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371, United States of America.
| | - Edward P Kolodziej
- Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences (UW Tacoma), Civil and Environmental Engineering (UW Seattle), Center for Urban Waters, University of Washington, Tacoma, WA 98402, United States of America.
| | - Ximin Hu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering (UW Seattle), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America.
| | - Antony J Williams
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Computational Chemistry & Cheminformatics Branch, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States of America.
| | - Barbara A Beckingham
- Department of Geology & Environmental Geosciences, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, 66 George Street Charleston, SC 29424, United States of America.
| | - Miranda E Jackson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.
| | - Rhea D Sanders-Smith
- Washington State Department of Ecology, 300 Desmond Drive SE, Lacey, WA 98503, United States of America.
| | - Chloe L Fender
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.
| | - George A King
- CSS, Inc., 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States of America.
| | - Michael Bollman
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States of America.
| | - Sujay S Kaushal
- Department of Geology and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, United States of America.
| | - Brittany E Cunningham
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, United States of America.
| | - Sara J Hutton
- GSI Environmental, Inc., Olympia, Washington 98502, USA.
| | - Jackelyn Lang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and the Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America.
| | - Heather V Goss
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Wastewater Management, Washington, DC 20004, United States of America.
| | - Samreen Siddiqui
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.
| | - Rebecca Sutton
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, 4911 Central Ave, Richmond, CA 94804, United States of America.
| | - Diana Lin
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, 4911 Central Ave, Richmond, CA 94804, United States of America.
| | - Miguel Mendez
- San Francisco Estuary Institute, 4911 Central Ave, Richmond, CA 94804, United States of America.
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19
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Zhao S, Liu M, Meng X, Liu A, Duo L. Waste rubber - Black pollution reframed as a global issue: Ecological challenges and sustainability initiatives. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124291. [PMID: 38823550 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to "white pollution" originating from waste plastics, waste rubber is often referred to as "black pollution." The quantity and variety of waste rubber are increasing at an alarming rate, with a considerable fraction entering the global ecosystem via various pathways. This study presents the first critical review of waste rubber research with a focus on the risks associated with toxicant discharge and existing problems in waste rubber disposal, management, and recycling practices. We aim to obtain a comprehensive understanding of current research, particularly regarding the ecological impacts of these wastes, highlight major gaps, and propose the most significant research directions. A total of 192 studies published in journals were critically analysed. The importance of conducting long-term and large-scale experiments and developing efficient waste rubber recycling systems is also emphasised. This study highlights the need to address the challenges posed by waste rubber pollution and offers insights and references for undertaking ecological risk assessments and understanding the mechanisms underlying toxicant behaviour. Suggestions and countermeasures are proposed with ecosystem sustainability as the ultimate goal. Further long-term, comprehensive, and systematic research in this area is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Menghan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xiuying Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Anran Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Li'an Duo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
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20
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Chand R, Putna-Nīmane I, Vecmane E, Lykkemark J, Dencker J, Haaning Nielsen A, Vollertsen J, Liu F. Snow dumping station - A considerable source of tyre wear, microplastics, and heavy metal pollution. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108782. [PMID: 38821018 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Snow dumping stations can be a hotspots for pollutants to water resources. However, little is known about the amount of microplastics including tyre wear particles transported this way. This study investigated microplastics and metals in snow from four snow dumping stations in Riga, Latvia, a remote site (Gauja National Park), and a roof top in Riga. Microplastics other than tyre wear particles were identified with Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) (>500 µm) and focal plane array based micro-Fourier Transform Infrared (FPA-µFTIR) imaging (10-500 µm), tyre wear particles by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (Py-GC-MS), and total metals by Inductively Coupled Plasma with Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Microplastics detected by FTIR were quantified by particle counts and their mass estimated, while tyre wear particles were quantified by mass. The concentrations varied substantially, with the highest levels in the urban areas. Microplastic concentrations measured by FTIR ranged between 26 and 2549 counts L-1 of melted snow with a corresponding estimated mass of 19-573 µg/L. Tyre wear particles were not detected at the two reference sites, while other sites held 44-3026 µg/L. Metal concentrations varied several orders of magnitude with for example sodium in the range 0.45-819.54 mg/L and cadmium in the range 0.05-0.94 µg/L. Correlating microplastic measured by FTIR to metal content showed a weak to moderate correlation. Tyre wear particles, however, correlated strongly to many of the metals. The study showed that snow can hold considerable amounts of these pollutants, which upon melting and release of the meltwater to the aquatic environment could impact receiving waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa Chand
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9200 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ieva Putna-Nīmane
- Latvian Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Voleru str. 4, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Elina Vecmane
- Latvian Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Voleru str. 4, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Jeanette Lykkemark
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9200 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jytte Dencker
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9200 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Asbjørn Haaning Nielsen
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9200 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jes Vollertsen
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9200 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, 9200 Aalborg, Denmark.
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21
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Papaioannou G, Maroof V, Jerrelind J, Drugge L. Reducing Tyre Wear Emissions of Automated Articulated Vehicles through Trajectory Planning. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3179. [PMID: 38794033 PMCID: PMC11125368 DOI: 10.3390/s24103179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Effective emission control technologies and eco-friendly propulsion systems have been developed to decrease exhaust particle emissions. However, more work must be conducted on non-exhaust traffic-related sources such as tyre wear. The advent of automated vehicles (AVs) enables researchers and automotive manufacturers to consider ways to further decrease tyre wear, as vehicles will be controlled by the system rather than by the driver. In this direction, this work presents the formulation of an optimal control problem for the trajectory optimisation of automated articulated vehicles for tyre wear minimisation. The optimum velocity profile is sought for a predefined road path from a specific starting point to a final one to minimise tyre wear in fixed time cases. Specific boundaries and constraints are applied to the problem to ensure the vehicle's stability and the feasibility of the solution. According to the results, a small increase in the journey time leads to a significant decrease in the mass loss due to tyre wear. The employment of articulated vehicles with low powertrain capabilities leads to greater tyre wear, while excessive increases in powertrain capabilities are not required. The conclusions pave the way for AV researchers and manufacturers to consider tyre wear in their control modules and come closer to the zero-emission goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Papaioannou
- Cognitive Robotics, TU Delft, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
- The Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.M.); (J.J.); (L.D.)
- Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vallan Maroof
- The Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.M.); (J.J.); (L.D.)
| | - Jenny Jerrelind
- The Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.M.); (J.J.); (L.D.)
- Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Drugge
- The Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.M.); (J.J.); (L.D.)
- Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Abdulai A, Owusu-Asenso CM, Haizel C, Mensah SKE, Sraku IK, Halou D, Doe RT, Mohammed AR, Akuamoah-Boateng Y, Forson AO, Afrane YA. The role of car tyres in the ecology of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Ghana. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES 2024; 5:100176. [PMID: 38746755 PMCID: PMC11091510 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is an important vector of arboviral diseases including dengue and yellow fever. Despite the wide distribution of this mosquito species, there are limited data on the ecology of Ae. aegypti in Ghana. In this study, we report on the oviposition preference and the larval life tables of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in Accra, Ghana. The oviposition preference of the mosquitoes to three habitat types (car tyres, drums and bowls) was measured by setting up ovitraps. We recorded the presence and abundance of larvae every 3 days. Two-hour-old Ae. aegypti larvae were introduced and raised in three habitat types to undertake larval life tables. The number of surviving larvae at each developmental stage was recorded daily until they emerged as adults. Car tyres showed a higher abundance of Ae. aegypti larvae (52.3%) than drums (32.5%) and bowls (15.1%) (ANOVA, F(2,159) = 18.79, P < 0.001). The mean development time of Ae. aegypti larvae was significantly lower in car tyres (7 ± 1 days) compared to that of bowls (9 ± 0.0 days) and drums (12.6 ± 1.5 days) (P = 0.024). The differences in pupation rates and emergence rates were not significant across the habitat types; however, the highest pupation rate was observed in bowls (0.92 ± 0.17) and the emergence rate was highest in tyres (0.84 ± 0.10). The proportion of first-instar larvae that survived to emergence was significantly higher in car tyres (0.84 ± 0.10) compared to that of bowls (0.72 ± 0.20) and drums (0.62 ± 0.20) (P = 0.009). No mortalities were observed after 9 days in car tyres, 10 days in bowls and 15 days in drums. The results confirm that discarded car tyres were the preferred habitat choice for the oviposition of gravid female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and provide the best habitat conditions for larval development and survival. These findings are necessary for understanding the ecology of Ae. aegypti to develop appropriate strategies for their control in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisa Abdulai
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Christopher Mfum Owusu-Asenso
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Christodea Haizel
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Sebastian Kow Egyin Mensah
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Isaac Kwame Sraku
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Daniel Halou
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Richard Tettey Doe
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Abdul Rahim Mohammed
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Yaw Akuamoah-Boateng
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Akua Obeng Forson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Yaw Asare Afrane
- Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
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23
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Verdi A, Naseri M. Effects of tire wear particles on the water retention of soils with different textures in the full moisture range. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 264:104345. [PMID: 38657472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) are significant contributors to microplastic pollution in the environment, yet there is limited scientific information concerning their impact on soil hydraulic properties. This study aimed to investigate the impact of TWPs at different concentrations (1, 4, 8, and 16% of the air-dried mass of packed soil samples, w/w) on the water retention curves (WRC) of southern California soils with five different textures (clay, clay loam, silt loam, sandy loam, and loamy sand). The concentrations of 8% and 16% were selected to represent extreme pollution scenarios that might occur near highway corridors. High-resolution water retention data, spanning from saturation to oven dryness, were generated using HYPROP™ and WP4C dew point meter instruments. We also developed WRC scaling equations based on the quantity of TWPs. The bulk density of the samples decreased as the TWP concentration in soils increased. The inclusion of very high concentrations of TWPs (8% and 16% w/w) led to a significant reduction in soil moisture content in the intermediate and dry ranges across various soil textures. However, at the same moisture range, adding 1% TWPs had a minimal impact on soil moisture reduction, while the influence of the 4% TWPs concentration treatment was noticeable only in loamy sand and partially in clay loam soils. Additionally, the overall plant available water decreased with increasing TWP concentrations, except for the clay soil. The texture-specific scaling models exhibited promising performance, with RMSE values ranging from 0.0061 to 0.0120 cm3 cm-3. When bulk density was included as an additional input predictor to construct a single scaling model for all textures, the RMSE increased. Nevertheless, it still indicated a good fit ranging from 0.007 to 0.024 cm3 cm-3, highlighting the suitability of simple scaling for identifying WRC in TWPs-polluted soils, particularly for practical purposes. The findings of this study can contribute to a better understanding and quantification of the impact of TWPs on soil hydrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Verdi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, United States of America.
| | - Mahyar Naseri
- Thünen Institute of Agricultural Technology, Bundesallee 47, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
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24
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Chae E, Jung U, Choi SS. Types and concentrations of tire wear particles (TWPs) in road dust generated in slow lanes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123670. [PMID: 38423271 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Drivers commonly navigate their vehicles at moderate speeds in proximity to traffic lights. In this study, road dust samples were collected in the vicinity of traffic lights, as well as at a taxi stand (TS) situated between traffic lights, with considerations given to both forward direction (FD) and backward direction (BD). The characterization of tire wear particles (TWPs) in the road dust was meticulously conducted based on particle size. Notably, tire-road wear particles (TRWPs) were conspicuously absent in samples surpassing 500 μm. Furthermore, TRWPs comprised less than 1% of identified particles in the road dust samples of 212-500 μm, with their origin traceable to heavy vehicles rather than passenger cars. The abundance of TRWPs from heavy vehicles exhibited marked variations, with heightened prevalence in the TS and BD samples as opposed to the FD sample. For the samples smaller than 212 μm, the composition of natural rubber (NR) in TWPs demonstrated a diminishing trend with escalating particle size. Conversely, the composition of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) exhibited an upward trajectory independent of the sampling site. The NR composition ratio in TWPs followed the order: TS (17-55%) > FD (17-47%) > BD (13-36%), while the SBR composition ratio exhibited the sequence: BD (62-86%) > FD (48-79%) > TS (24-70%). The TWP concentrations in road dust obtained from the TS (0.35-0.82%) were discernibly lower than those in the FD (0.54-1.77%) and BD (0.61-1.29%) samples. Specifically, the average TWP concentrations in road dust samples, falling within the size range of 20-212 μm, were 0.45%, 1.06%, and 0.91% for the TS, FD, and BD samples, respectively. These concentrations were lower than the corresponding values observed in samples collected from a bus stop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Uiyeong Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Seen Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Gu Y, Jiang Y, Chen X, Li L, Chen H, Chen J, Wang C, Yu J, Chen C, Li H. Generation of environmentally persistent free radicals on photoaged tire wear particles and their neurotoxic effects on neurotransmission in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108640. [PMID: 38608385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWP) are a prevalent form of microplastics (MPs) extensively distributed in the environment, raising concerns about their environmental behaviors and risks. However, knowledge regarding the properties and toxicity of these particles at environmentally relevant concentrations, specifically regarding the role of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) generated during TWP photoaging, remains limited. In this study, the evolution of EPFRs on TWP under different photoaging times and their adverse effects on Caenorhabditis elegans were systematically investigated. The photoaging process primarily resulted in the formation of EPFRs and reactive oxygen species (O2•-, ⋅OH, and 1O2), altering the physicochemical properties of TWP. The exposure of nematodes to 100 μg/L of TWP-50 (TWP with a photoaging time of 50 d) led to a significant decrease in locomotory behaviors (e.g., head thrashes, body bends, and wavelength) and neurotransmitter contents (e.g., dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin). Similarly, the expression of neurotransmission-related genes was reduced in nematodes exposed to TWP-50. Furthermore, the addition of free-radical inhibitors significantly suppressed TWP-induced neurotoxicity. Notably, correlation analysis revealed a significantly negative correlation between EPFRs levels and the locomotory behaviors and neurotransmitter contents of nematodes. Thus, it was concluded that EPFRs on photoaged TWP induce neurotoxicity by affecting neurotransmission. These findings elucidate the toxicity effects and mechanisms of EPFRs, emphasizing the importance of considering their contributions when evaluating the environmental risks associated with TWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulun Gu
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yongqi Jiang
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Liangzhong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jinyu Chen
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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26
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Parker-Jurd FNF, Abbott GD, Guthery B, Parker-Jurd GMC, Thompson RC. Features of the highway road network that generate or retain tyre wear particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26675-26685. [PMID: 38451457 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The environmental accumulation of microplastics poses a formidable global challenge, with tyre wear particles (TWPs) emerging as major and potentially harmful contributors to this particulate pollution. A critical pathway for TWPs to aquatic environments is via road drainage. While drainage assets are employed worldwide, their effectiveness in retaining microplastics of highly variable densities (TWP ~ 1-2.5 g cm3) remains unknown. This study examines their ability to impede the transfer of TWPs from the UK Strategic Road Network (SRN) to aquatic ecosystems. Samples were collected from the influent, effluent and sediments of three retention ponds and three wetlands. The rate of TWP generation is known to vary in response to vehicle speed and direction. To ascertain the significance of this variability, we further compared the mass of TWPs in drainage from curved and straight sections of the SRN across eight drainage outfalls. Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was used to quantify tyre wear using benzothiazole as a molecular marker for TWPs (with an internal standard benzothiazole-D4). Tyre wear was present in drainage from the SRN at concentrations of 2.86 ± 6 mg/L and was found within every sample analysed. Drainage from curved sections of the SRN contained on average a 40% greater TWP mass than straight sections but this was not significant. The presence of wetlands and retention ponds generally led to a reduction in TWP mass (74.9% ± 8.2). This effect was significant for retention ponds but not for wetlands; most probably due to variability among sites and sampling occasions. Similar drainage assets are used on a global scale; hence our results are of broad relevance to the management of TWP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence N F Parker-Jurd
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drakes Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Geoffrey D Abbott
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Drummond Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Bill Guthery
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Drummond Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Gustav M C Parker-Jurd
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drakes Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Richard C Thompson
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drakes Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
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27
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Fan X, Cao B, Wang S, Li H, Zhu M, Sha H, Yang Y. Effects of tire-road wear particles on the adsorption of tetracycline by aquatic sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29232-29245. [PMID: 38573573 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Tire-road wear particles (TRWPs) are formed by friction between the tire and the road. TRWPs are ubiquitous across the globe, especially in sediments. However, the possible effects of TRWPs on tetracycline (TC) in aquatic sediments are unknown. To investigate the potential role of TRWPs as carriers of co-pollutants, this study investigated the pore surface properties and TC adsorption behavior of TRWP-contaminated sediments and explored the TC behavior in water sediments, as well as the role of aging processes and TRWPs abundance. The results showed that the surface morphology of TRWP-contaminated sediments changed and the adsorption capacity of sediments to TC increased. The TC adsorption capacity of sediments contaminated by 2% TRWPs increased from 3.15 to 3.48 mg/g. Moreover, the surface physical and chemical properties of TRWPs after UV aging changed, which further increased the TC adsorption capacity. The TC adsorption capacity of the sediments contaminated by aged TRWPs increased from 3.48 to 3.65 mg/g. Changing the proportion of aged TRWPs, we found that the adsorption capacity of sediments contaminated by different proportions of TRWPs for TC was 2% > 1% > 0.5% > 4% > blank sediment. These results may contribute to predicting the potential environmental risks of TRWPs in aquatic sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulei Fan
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China
| | - Binwen Cao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China
| | - Shenpeng Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China
| | - Huixian Li
- Xuzhou River and Lake Management Center, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingxian Zhu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China
| | - Haidi Sha
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China
| | - Yangyang Yang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China.
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28
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Li K, Hao W, Su H, Liu C, Chen Z, Ye Z. Ecotoxicity of three typical tire wear particles to periphytic biofilms: The potentiating role after natural water-incubation-aging. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123561. [PMID: 38355081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs), abundant in the aquatic environment, pose potential ecological risks, yet their implications have not been extensively studied. Rolling friction TWPs, sliding friction TWPs (S-TWPs) and cryogenically milled tire treads were used as research objects to study the ecotoxicity and difference of the above materials before and after aging in natural water (AS-TWPs) to the periphytic biofilm. The results showed that there were significant differences in the microstructure, surface elements, size, functional groups and environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) of the three TWPs. After aging in natural water, the properties of the three TWPs mentioned above showed homogenization, but the EPFRs and reactive oxygen species (ROS) yield were different. After exposure to TWPs (10 mg L-1), total organic carbon and adenosine triphosphate decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the periphytic biofilm increased, in which the content of humic-like substance and proteins (tryptophan protein and humic acid-like substances) increased obviously. The increment of TB-EPS was higher than that of LB-EPS, and S-TWPs and AS-TWPs had the strongest promoting effect on EPS secretion. In addition, 10 mg L-1 TWPs caused massive cell death in the periphytic biofilm, which was more obvious in the S-TWPs and AS-TWPs exposure group. The toxic mechanism of TWPs promotes intracellular ROS accumulation and leads to the release of lactate dehydrogenase, which was attributed to the formation of EPFRs on the surface of TWPs and an increase in EPFRs intensity after aging in natural water. TWPs at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1 mg L-1) had no biological toxicity to periphytic biofilms. This study fills the gap in the study of the surface structure characteristics of TWPs on the toxicity of periphytic biofilms, and is of great significance to the study of the aquatic toxicity mechanism of TWPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China.
| | - Wanqi Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Han Su
- Changwang School of Honors, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Chi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Zhangle Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Zidong Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
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Boisseaux P, Rauert C, Dewapriya P, Delignette-Muller ML, Barrett R, Durndell L, Pohl F, Thompson R, Thomas KV, Galloway T. Deep dive into the chronic toxicity of tyre particle mixtures and their leachates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133580. [PMID: 38295724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Particles from the tread of vehicle tyres are a global pollutant, which are emitted into the environment at an approximate rate of 1.4 kg.year-1 for an average passenger-car. In this study, popular tyre brands were used to generate a tyre tread microparticle mixture. The chronic toxicity of both particles and chemical leachates were compared on a planktonic test species (Daphnia magna). Over 21 days of exposure, pristine tyre tread microparticles were more toxic (LC50 60 mg.L-1) than chemical lechates alone (LC50 542 mg.L-1). Microparticles and leachates showed distinct effects on reproduction and morphological development at environmentally relevant concentrations, with dose-dependent uptake of particles visible in the digestive tract. Chemical characterization of leachates revealed a metal predominance of zinc, titanium, and strontium. Of the numerous organic chemicals present, at least 54 were shared across all 5 tyre brands, with many classified to be very toxic. Our results provide a critically needed information on the toxicity of tyre tread particles and the associated chemicals that leach from them to inform future mitigation measures. We conclude that tyre particles are hazardous pollutants of particular concern that are close to or possibly above chronic environmental safety limits in some locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Boisseaux
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QD Exeter, UK.
| | - Cassandra Rauert
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Pradeep Dewapriya
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Marie-Laure Delignette-Muller
- Université de Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Robyn Barrett
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Lee Durndell
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Florian Pohl
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Richard Thompson
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Tamara Galloway
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QD Exeter, UK
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30
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Ren Y, Li W, Jia Q, Zhao Y, Qu C, Liu L, Liu J, Wu C. Separation and quantification of tire and road wear particles in road dust samples: Bonded-sulfur as a novel marker. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133089. [PMID: 38016316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Tire road wear particles (TRWPs) are a large source of microplastics in the environment, while the quantification of TRWPs is still challenging due to the complex interferences and the uncertainties and inconsistencies among different methods. This study developed a TRWPs quantification method using optimized pretreatments and bonded-sulfur as marker. Road dust samples (n = 48) were collected, pretreatments including density separation, digestion and extraction were optimized to remove interferences of the bonded-sulfur (minerals, sulfur-containing proteins, hydrosoluble/hydrophobic sulfur-containing substances). Presence of TRWPs in the samples was confirmed by microscopy and scanning electron microscopyenergy dispersive spectrometry. Bonded-sulfur in the samples were quantified by inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry (ICPMS). Additionally, bonded-sulfur in tire wear particles (TWPs) abraded from tires of top 10 best-selling brands were measured to calculate conversion factor (1.1 ×104 μg/g) for the quantification of TRWPs in real samples. TRWPs contents were 5.40 × 104 μg/g11.02 × 104 μg/g and 2.36 × 104 μg/g5.30 × 104 μg/g in samples from heavy and light traffic roads, respectively. The method provided better recoveries (88-107%, n = 18) and repeatability (RSD=2.0-7.9%, n = 3) compared to methods using rubber, benzothiazole and organic zinc as markers. Furthermore, stability of the bonded-sulfur was validated by Raman and ICPMS. Thus, this accurate and stable quantification method could promote research on TRWPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Ren
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Jia
- China Testing & Certification International Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chen Qu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Liu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiemin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Chuandong Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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31
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Jachimowicz P, Peng R, Hüffer T, Hofmann T, Cydzik-Kwiatkowska A. Tire materials disturb transformations of nitrogen compounds and affect the structure of biomass in aerobic granular sludge reactors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133223. [PMID: 38113742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Tire materials (TMs) present a notable hazard due to their potential to release harmful chemicals and microplastics into the environment. They can infiltrate wastewater treatment plants, where their effects remain inadequately understood, raising concerns regarding their influence on treatment procedures. Thus, this study investigated the impact of TMs in wastewater (10, 25, 50 mg/L) on wastewater treatment efficiency, biomass morphology, and microbial composition in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors. TM dosage negatively correlated with nitrification and denitrification efficiencies, reducing overall nitrogen removal, but did not affect the efficiency of chemical-oxygen-demand removal. The presence of TMs increased the diameter of the granules due to TM incorporation into the biomass. The most frequently leached additives from TMs were N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, benzothiazole (BTH), and 2-hydroxybenzothiazole. In the treated wastewater, only BTH and aniline were detected in higher concentrations, which indicates that tire additives were biodegraded by AGS. The microbial community within the AGS adapted to TMs and their chemicals, highlighting the potential for efficient degradation of tire additives by bacteria belonging to the genera Rubrivivax, Ferruginibacter, and Xanthomonas. Additionally, our research underscores AGS's ability to incorporate TMs into biomass and effectively biodegrade tire additives, offering a promising solution for addressing environmental concerns related to TMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Jachimowicz
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ruoting Peng
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thorsten Hüffer
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thilo Hofmann
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Li K, Hao W, Liu C, Chen Z, Ye Z. Ecotoxicity of tire wear particles to antioxidant enzyme system and metabolic functional activity of river biofilms: The strengthening role after incubation-aging in migrating water phases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169849. [PMID: 38185180 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) are commonly studied for their exudation toxicity, yet a critical knowledge gap exists regarding the source nature and migration of these particulate pollutants, hindering comprehensive environmental risk assessments. This study explores the pristine properties of three typical TWPs (rolling friction (R-TWPs), sliding friction (S-TWPs), and cryogenically milled tire treads (C-TWPs)) and their aging characteristics after incubation in runoff (primary aging) and sewage (further aging). Our investigation aims to unveil the intrinsic mechanisms of TWPs ecotoxicity towards freshwater biofilms. Results reveal that the generation modes significantly impact pristine physicochemical properties, including surface structure, particle size, and EPFR abundance. These factors, in turn, influence acute ecotoxicity, as evidenced by cell mortality, antioxidant enzyme activity responses, and metabolic changes in freshwater biofilms. The ecological toxicity ranking of pristine exposure groups is S-TWPs, R-TWPs, and C-TWPs, attributed to variations in surface properties and particle size. Following incubation and aging, especially in sewage, differences in physicochemical properties among TWPs types diminish. Alarmingly, ecotoxicity intensifies and becomes consistent across TWPs types, driven by the screening of small particles during water incubation aging and the formation of EPFRs on TWPs surfaces stimulated by photosensitive organic matter or groups. This study underscores the aquatic ecological risks associated with TWP surface properties, highlighting the significant influence of environmental aging conditions on these risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China.
| | - Wanqi Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Chi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Zhangle Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Zidong Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
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33
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Thomsen ES, Almeda R, Nielsen TG. Tire particles and their leachates reduce the filtration rate of the mussel Mytilus edulis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 195:106348. [PMID: 38237468 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are found in aquatic environments all over the world. Among MPs, tire wear particles (TWPs) are a major contributor to microplastic pollution, and their effects on marine ecosystems are of emerging concern. The blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) is a keystone species in coastal ecosystems with a high risk of exposure to microplastic pollution as the microplastics often overlap in size with the plankton consumed by mussels. In the present study, we investigated the effect of tire particles and their leachates on the filtration rates of M. edulis after short (72 h) and long-term (3 weeks) exposure. Acute exposure to leachates alone causes a significant decrease in the filtration rates of M. edulis with a low observed effect concentration (LOEC) of 1.25 g L-1 and a median effect concentration (EC50) = 3 g L-1. At a concentration of 1.25 g L-1, the filtration rate was reduced compared to the control on average by 38% when mussels were exposed to either TWP or leachates for 72 h. Similarly, mussels exposed to tire particles or their leachates for 3 weeks showed a 46% reduction in filtration rates, compared to the control group. A non-significant difference in filtration rate decrease was found between leachates alone or TWP, which indicates that leachates are the main responsible for the observed toxicity. Our findings indicate that elevated levels of TWP pollution can cause an adverse impact on M. edulis. This could disrupt the natural grazing pressure exerted by M. edulis on phytoplankton, potentially leading to an increased likelihood of algal blooms and hypoxia occurrence in coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Skrubbeltrang Thomsen
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU AQUA), Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU-AQUA, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Rodrigo Almeda
- EOMAR, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Torkel Gissel Nielsen
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU AQUA), Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU-AQUA, 2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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34
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Song H, Xiao S, Zhou X, Li Y, Tao M, Wu F, Xu X. Temporal dynamics of bacterial colonization on five types of microplastics in a freshwater lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169697. [PMID: 38163614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), as a new substrate, provide a unique niche for microbial colonization in the freshwater ecosystems; however, the impacts of long-term MP exposure on colonized bacteria are still unclear. In this study, five MP types were exposed in a freshwater lake for approximately one year, and the MP particles, together with the surrounding water, were collected on days 60, 150, 250 and 330 during the in situ field experiment. Bacteria on the MP surface, as well as free-living bacteria in the surrounding water, were analyzed to evaluate the temporal dynamics of these bacterial communities. Results show that all five MP types exhibited signs of degradation during the exposure process. Additionally, the alpha diversity, community structure and composition of MP-attached bacteria significantly differed from that of the free-living bacteria in the surrounding water, indicating that the five MP types could provide a preferable niche for bacterial colonization in a freshwater environment. Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes were the top five dominant phyla. Some plastic-degrading bacteria included in these phyla were detected, verifying that MP-attached biofilms had a certain degree of MP degradation potential. Some potentially pathogenic bacteria were also detected, suggesting an ecological threat for spreading disease in the aquatic ecosystem. Furthermore, the bacterial community and some metabolic pathways were significantly affected by the MP type (P < 0.01) and exposure time (P < 0.01), indicating that the presence of MPs not only alters the bacterial community structure and composition, but also influences their potential functional properties in freshwater ecosystems. Multiple factors, including the physicochemical properties related to MPs and the environmental parameters of the surrounding water, affect the community composition and the function of MP-attached bacteria to different degrees. Our findings indicate that the presence of MPs has a potential ecological impact on freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiya Song
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sisi Xiao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yanan Li
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Miaomiao Tao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Fan Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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35
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Jiao M, Luo Y, Zhang F, Wang L, Chang J, Croué JP, Zhang T. Transformation of 6PPDQ during disinfection: Kinetics, products, and eco-toxicity assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121070. [PMID: 38159542 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
N-phenyl-N'-(1,3-dimethyl butyl)-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPDQ) currently arouses broad concerns because of its acute lethality to coho salmon and rainbow trout at environmentally relevant concentrations and the wide occurrence in runoff-impacted water. Investigation on the fate and transformation of 6PPDQ in various treatment processes is necessary for its risk assessment and control. Here, we explored the transformation of 6PPDQ during disinfection with its precursor 6PPD as a reference, focusing on kinetics, products, and toxicity variation. 6PPDQ readily reacted with hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide with second-order rate constants of 2580 ± 143 M-1 s-1 and 614 ± 52 M-1 s-1 (pH 7.0 and 25 °C), which are slightly lower than the reactions of 6PPD. We tentatively identified thirteen transformation products for 6PPDQ and eight for 6PPD in reaction with the two disinfectants. It seems that the quinone ring of 6PPDQ and the p-phenylenediamine moiety of 6PPD are reactive sites. The transformation of these compounds probably proceeds through Cl-substitution, ring cleavage, hydroxylation, and amine oxidation and hydrolysis. Tests with zebrafish embryos revealed that the transformation products of 6PPDQ could have higher eco-toxicity than the parent compound, while the toxicity of the 6PPD products remained nearly unchanged. The increased toxicity of 6PPDQ during disinfection highlights the necessity to substantially reduce its content before the disinfection of runoff-impacted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jiao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiwen Luo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jean-Philippe Croué
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux IC2MP UMR 7285 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Tao Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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36
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Moreira W, Alonso O, Paule A, Martínez I, Le Du-Carreé J, Almeda R. Life stage-specific effects of tire particle leachates on the cosmopolitan planktonic copepod Acartia tonsa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123256. [PMID: 38171424 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWP) are a major source of microplastics in the aquatic environment and the ecological impacts of their leachates are of major environmental concern. Among marine biota, copepods are the most abundant animals in the ocean and a main link between primary producers and higher trophic levels in the marine food webs. In this study, we determined the acute lethal and sublethal effects of tire particle leachates on different life stages of the cosmopolitan planktonic copepod Acartia tonsa. Median lethal concentration (LC50, 48 h) ranged from 0.4 to 0.6 g L-1 depending on the life stages, being nauplii and copepodites more sensitive to tire particle leachates than adults. The median effective concentration (EC50, 48 h) for hatching was higher than 1 g L-1, indicating a relatively low sensitivity of hatching to tire particle leachates. However, metamorphosis (from nauplius VI to copepodite I) was notably reduced by tire particle leachates with an EC50 (48 h) of 0.23 g L-1 and the absence of metamorphosis at 1 g L-1, suggesting a strong developmental delay or endocrine disruption. Leachates also caused a significant decrease (10-22%) in the body length of nauplii and copepodites after exposure to TWP leachates (0.25 and 0.5 g L-1). We tested a battery of enzymatic biomarkers in A. tonsa adult stages, but a sublethal concentration of 50 mg L-1 of tire particle leachates did not cause a statistically significant effect on the measured enzymatic activities. Our results show that tire particle leachates can negatively impact the development, metamorphosis, and survival of planktonic copepods. More field data on concentrations of TWPs and the fate and persistence of their leached additives is needed for a better assessment of the risk of tire particle pollution on marine food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilma Moreira
- EOMAR, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Olalla Alonso
- EOMAR, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Antonio Paule
- EOMAR, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ico Martínez
- EOMAR, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo Almeda
- EOMAR, ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Mitchell CJ, Jayakaran AD. Mitigating tire wear particles and tire additive chemicals in stormwater with permeable pavements. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168236. [PMID: 37939940 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ) is a recently discovered chemical that is acutely toxic to coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and can form via environmental exposure of 6PPD, a compound found extensively in tire wear particles (TWPs). TWPs deposited on roads are transported to aquatic ecosystems via stormwater, contributing to microplastic pollution and organic contaminant loads. However, little is known about the fate of TWPs and their leachable contaminants in these systems. We conducted three experiments at a high school in Tacoma, Washington, to quantify the treatment performance of permeable pavement (PP) formulations, a type of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI), for TWPs and ten tire-associated contaminants, including 6PPDQ. The PPs comprised concrete and asphalt, with and without cured carbon fibers, to improve the mechanical properties of PPs. Pavements were artificially dosed and had underdrains to capture effluent. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate PP mitigation of tire-associated pollution using cryomilled tire particles (cTPs). The 1st and 3rd experiments established a baseline for TWPs and contaminants and assessed the potential for continued pollutant release. During experiment 2, cTPs were applied to each pavement. Our results showed that the PPs attenuated >96 % of the deposited cTPs mass. An estimated 52-100 % of potentially leachable 6PPDQ was removed by the PP systems between the influent and effluent sampling stations. Background 6PPDQ concentrations in effluents ranged from 0 to 0.0029 μg/L. Effluent 6PPDQ concentrations were not explained by effluent TWP concentrations in experiments 1 or 2 but were significantly correlated in experiment 3, suggesting that leaching of 6PPDQ from TWPs retained in the pavement was minimal during a subsequent storm. Our results suggest that PPs may be an effective form of GSI for mitigating tire-associated stormwater pollution. The improved strength offered by cured carbon fiber-amended pavements extends PP deployment on high-traffic roadways where tire-associated pollution poses the greatest environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea J Mitchell
- School of the Environment, Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371, USA
| | - Anand D Jayakaran
- Extension and Washington Stormwater Center, Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371, USA.
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Nielsen AF, Polesel F, Ahonen T, Palmqvist A, Baun A, Hartmann NB. Assessing the Biodegradability of Tire Tread Particles and Influencing Factors. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:31-41. [PMID: 37753867 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Abrasion of tire tread, caused by friction between vehicle tires and road surfaces, causes release of tire wear particles (TWPs) into various environmental compartments. These TWPs contribute to chemical, microplastic, and particulate matter pollution. Their fate remains largely unknown, especially regarding the extent and form in which they persist in the environment. The present study investigated (1) the biodegradability of tread particles (TPs) in the form of ground tire tread, (2) how accelerated ultraviolet (UV) weathering affects their biodegradability, and (3) which TP constituents are likely contributors to TP biodegradability based on their individual biodegradability. A series of closed-bottle tests, with aerobic aqueous medium inoculated with activated sludge, were carried out for pristine TPs, UV-weathered TPs, and selected TP constituents; natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), and treated distillate aromatic extracts (TDAE). Biodegradation was monitored by manometric respirometry, quantifying biological oxygen consumption over 28 days. Pristine TP biodegradability was found to be 4.5%; UV-weathered TPs showed higher biodegradability of 6.7% and 8.0% with similar and increased inoculum concentrations, respectively. The observed TP biodegradation was mainly attributed to biodegradation of NR and TDAE, with individual biodegradability of 35.4% and 8.0%, respectively; IR and BR showed negligible biodegradability. These findings indicate that biodegradability of individual constituents is decreased by a factor of 2 to 5 when compounded into TPs. Through scanning electron microscopy analysis, biodegradation was found to cause surface erosion. Processes of TP biodegradation are expected to change throughout their lifetime as new constituents are incorporated from the road and others degrade and/or leach out. Tire emissions likely persist as particles with an increased fraction of synthetic rubbers and carbon black. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:31-41. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Flemming Nielsen
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering (DTU Sustain), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Fabio Polesel
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering (DTU Sustain), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- DHI A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Tiia Ahonen
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering (DTU Sustain), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- AFRY Finland Oy, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Annemette Palmqvist
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Anders Baun
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering (DTU Sustain), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nanna B Hartmann
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering (DTU Sustain), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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Luo C, Xu R, Wu D, Zhang X, Cheng X, Wang H, Yin X, Xu J, Ma Q, Chen F. Sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation process effects on tire wear particles aging and ecotoxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167497. [PMID: 37778564 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) are widely distributed in natural water and pose as major pollutants in aquatic environments. In this study, heat-activated persulfate (HPT) and ultraviolet-activated persulfate treatments (UPT) were employed to investigate the influence of sulfate radical (SO4-•)-based advanced oxidation process (SAOPs) on TWP physicochemical properties and to clarify their ecotoxic effects in laboratory-level studies. Results showed that the specific surface areas of TWPs increased after UPT but decreased after HPT. In terms of chemical properties, the increase of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surfaces of TWPs was more evident in UPT than that in HPT. The atrazine (ATZ) adsorption capacity of TWPs after HPT and UPT was increased compared with the untreated TWPs. Atrazine adsorbed by TWPs was easily resolved and released in artificial intestinal fluid (1.89-2.08 mg/g) and artificial gastric fluid (1.60-2.04 mg/g) conditions. Acute toxicity experiments of Photobacterium phosphoreum and SEM-EDS detection results suggested that various heavy metals (e.g., Zn2+, Cu2+) in the TWPs would be released into the water system in SAOPs. ATZ released from TWPs that adsorbed ATZ herbicide, rather than TWPs themselves, had a negative effect on aquatic plant growth (e.g., C. vulgaris). The leaching solution of oxidized TWPs (after HPT and UPT) showed a more significant inhibition effect on the zebrafish survival compared with that of untreated TWPs, which was possibly caused by the generation of oxidation byproducts such as N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congwei Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Ruidi Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Xinkun Yin
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Qiao Ma
- National Engineering Lab of Coal-Fired Pollution Emission Reduction, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Feiyong Chen
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China.
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Ni X, Song J, Lu D, Tong H, Zhou H, Liu Y, Zhan J, Yi X. Effect of bioturbation of the mitten crab on distribution of tire wear particles and their combined effect on sediment ecosystem. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140603. [PMID: 37918532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) are a major source of environmental microplastic pollution which gradually settle and accumulate in sediments after entering the aquatic environment, which can affect the behaviors of benthic organisms. Bioturbation of benthic species could affect the fate, impacts and potential risks of TWPs by altering the properties and structure of sediments. Therefore, in this study, the effect of TWPs on the burrowing activity of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) was investigated. In addition, the effects of crab bioturbation on the distribution of TWPs and their additives were studied. The combined effects of TWPs and crab bioturbation on the microbial communities in the sediments were also explored. The results of this study showed that both TWPs and the leachate significantly inhibited the burrowing activity of crabs. TWPs in the surface layer of sediments were re-distributed by crab bioturbation and enriched mainly in the sediments near the burrow walls. Meanwhile, the heavy metals (i.e., Zn, Ca, Mg, Ba and Al) used as additives during the tire production in the burrow walls significantly increased as the accumulation of TWPs near burrow walls. In this study, TWP exposure decreased the bacterial diversity and abundance, as well as the functional genes related to carbon and nitrogen cycling process, but crab bioturbation increased them in the sediments of burrow walls by constructing a unique habitat. However, after TWPs entering into burrows, they were significantly decreased in the sediments near the burrow walls like the effects of TWPs, suggesting the negative effects of TWPs could play a dominant role in this combined system. Overall, this study is important for evaluating the distribution and effects of TWP pollution in the sediment ecosystem under biological factors such as bioturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Ni
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinbo Song
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Dongliang Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in Beibu Gulf, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Huiyan Tong
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingjing Zhan
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Xianliang Yi
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China.
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Zeb A, Liu W, Ali N, Shi R, Lian Y, Wang Q, Wang J, Li J, Zheng Z, Liu J, Yu M, Liu J. Integrating metabolomics and high-throughput sequencing to investigate the effects of tire wear particles on mung bean plants and soil microbial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122872. [PMID: 37926408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) generated by vehicle tires are ubiquitous in soil ecosystems, while their impact on soil biota remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of TWPs (0.1%, 0.7%, and 1.5% of dry soil weight) on the growth and metabolism of mung bean (Vigna radiata) plants over 32 days in soil pots. We found that TWPs-treated soils had high levels of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, there was no significant impact of TWPs exposure on plant growth, suggesting that mung bean plants have a degree of tolerance to TWPs. Despite the lack of impact on plant growth, exposure to TWPs had significant effects on soil enzyme activities, with a decrease of over 50% in urease and dehydrogenase activity. Furthermore, TWPs exposure resulted in marked changes in the plant metabolite profile, including altered levels of sugars, carboxylic acids, and amino acids, indicating altered nitrogen and amino acid-related metabolic pathways. TWPs exposure also disrupted the rhizospheric and bulk soil microbiota, with a decrease in the abundance of bacterial (Blastococcus) and fungal (Chaetomium) genera involved in nitrogen cycles and suppressing plant diseases. In summary, our study provides new insights into the effects of TWPs on plants and soil, highlighting the potential ecological consequences of TWPs pollution in terrestrial ecosystems and underscoring the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurang Zeb
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Weitao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Nouman Ali
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ruiying Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yuhang Lian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianling Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zeqi Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jinzheng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Miao Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianv Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
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Xu J, Zuo R, Shang J, Wu G, Dong Y, Zheng S, Xu Z, Liu J, Xu Y, Wu Z, Huang C. Nano- and micro-plastic transport in soil and groundwater environments: Sources, behaviors, theories, and models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166641. [PMID: 37647954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing use of plastics, nano- and micro-plastic (NMP) pollution has become a hot topic in the scientific community. Ubiquitous NMPs, as emerging contaminants, are becoming a global issue owing to their persistence and potential toxicity. Compared with studies of marine and freshwater environments, investigations into the sources, transport properties, and fate of NMPs in soil and groundwater environments remain at a primary stage. Hence, the promotion of such research is critically important. Here, we integrate existing information and recent advancements to compile a comprehensive evaluation of the sources and transport properties of NMPs in soil and groundwater environments. We first provide a systematic description of the various sources and transport behaviors of NMPs. We then discuss the theories (e.g., clean-bed filtration and Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theories) and models (e.g., single-site and dual-site kinetic retention and transport models) of NMP transport through saturated porous media. Finally, we outline the potential limitations of current research and suggest directions for future research. Overall, this review intends to assimilate and outline current knowledge and provide a useful reference frame to determine the sources and transport properties of NMPs in soil and groundwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jinhua Shang
- Jinan Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guanlan Wu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yanan Dong
- Jinan Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shida Zheng
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zuorong Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jingchao Liu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunxiang Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chenxi Huang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
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Weyrauch S, Seiwert B, Voll M, Wagner S, Reemtsma T. Accelerated aging of tire and road wear particles by elevated temperature, artificial sunlight and mechanical stress - A laboratory study on particle properties, extractables and leachables. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166679. [PMID: 37673268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) are generated in large quantity by automobile traffic on roads but their way of degradation in the environment is largely unclear. Laboratory experiments were performed on the effect of elevated temperature (simulating 2-3 years), sunlight exposure (simulating 0.5 years) and mechanical stress on the physical properties and chemical composition of TRWP and of cryo-milled tire tread (CMTT). No significant effects were observed of the applied mechanical stress on mean properties of pristine particles. After sunlight exposure up to 40 % in mass were lost from the TRWP, likely due to the loss of mineral incrustations from their surface. The chemical composition of TRWP and CMTT was characterized by determining 27 compounds, antioxidants (phenylene diamines), vulcanization agents (benzothiazoles and guanidines) and their transformation products (TPs). Extractables of TRWP (580-850 μg/g) were dominated by TPs, namely benzothiazolesulfonic acid (BTSA). CMTT showed much higher amounts of extractables (4600 μg/g) which were dominated by parent chemicals such as N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (6-PPD), diphenylguanidine (DPG) and mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). Sunlight exposure affected the amount of extractables more strongly than elevated temperature, for TRWP (-45 % vs -20 %) and CMTT (-80 % vs -25 %) and provoked a clear shift from parent compounds to their TPs. After sunlight exposure extractables of TRWP were dominated by BTSA and DPG. Sunlight exposure drastically reduced the 6-PPD amount extracted from both, TRWP and CMTT (-93 %, -98 %), while its quinone (6-PPDQ) increased by around 1 % of the 6-PPD decrease, only. For many TPs, concentration in leachates were higher than in extracts, indicating ongoing transformation of their parent compounds during leaching. These results highlight that abiotic aging of TRWP leads to strong changes in their chemical composition which affect their particle properties and are of relevance for the environmental exposure to tire-related chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Weyrauch
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bettina Seiwert
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Milena Voll
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Wagner
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; University of Leipzig, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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Gehrke I, Schläfle S, Bertling R, Öz M, Gregory K. Review: Mitigation measures to reduce tire and road wear particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166537. [PMID: 37640075 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The generation of tire wear is an inevitable outcome of the friction between the road and the tire which is necessary for the safe operation of vehicles on roadways. Tire wear particles form agglomerates with road surface material. These agglomerates are called tire and road wear particles (TRWP). Due to their persistence in the environmental compartments and their potentially harmful effects, research on preventative and end-of-pipe mitigation strategies for TRWP is essential. The major goal of this study is to summarize and assess the state of the art in science and technology of mitigation measures for TRWP as the basis for further research activities. Approximately 500 literature sources were found and analyzed in terms of the efficiency, maturity, implementation, and impact of the mitigation measures. Generally, technological and management mitigation measures to reduce the generation of TRWP are beneficial since they prevent TRWP from entering the environment. Once released into environmental compartments, their mobility and dispersion would increase, making removing the particles more challenging. Technological and management mitigation measures after the release of TRWP into the environment are mainly well established in industrialized countries. Street cleaning and wastewater technologies show good removal efficiencies for TRWP and microplastics. In any case, no individual measure can solely solve the TRWP issue, but a set of combined measures could potentially be more effective. The absence of fully-developed and standardized methods for tire abrasion testing and measuring TRWP in the environment makes it impossible to reliably compare the tire abrasion behavior of different tire types, determine thresholds, and control mitigation actions. Field tests and pilot studies are highly needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the abatement measures under real conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Gehrke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany.
| | - Stefan Schläfle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Vehicle System Technology, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Ralf Bertling
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany.
| | - Melisa Öz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany.
| | - Kelvin Gregory
- Carnegie Mellon University, Civil & Environmental Engineering, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Porter Hall 119, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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Rødland ES, Heier LS, Lind OC, Meland S. High levels of tire wear particles in soils along low traffic roads. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166470. [PMID: 37625724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Traffic pollution has been linked to high levels of metals and organic contaminants in road-side soils, largely due to abrasion of tires, brake pads and the road surface. Although several studies have demonstrated correlations between different pollutants and various traffic variables, they mainly focused on roads with medium to high traffic density (>30,000 vehicles per day). In this study we have focused on investigating tire wear particles and road-related metals (zinc, copper, lead, chromium, nickel, and the metalloid arsenic) in the soils of low traffic roads in rural areas (650-14,250 vehicles per day). Different explanatory factors were investigated, such as traffic density, speed, % heavy vehicles, organic matter content, annual precipitation, soil types and roadside slope profiles. The results show high levels of tire wear particles, from 2000 to 26,400 mg/kg (0.2-2.6 % tire wear in d.w. soil), which is up to five times higher compared to previously reported values in roadside soils of high traffic density areas. A weak but significant correlation was found between tire wear particles, traffic speed and the annual precipitation. No significant relationship was found between tire wear particles metals. The concentrations of metals were comparable to previous studies of high traffic areas of Norway, as well as both urban and rural soils in other countries. For the metals, all factors together explained 45 % of the variation observed, with traffic density (11 %) and organic matter content (10 %) as the most important single variables. The analysis of tire wear particles in soils using Pyrolysis Gas chromatography Mass Spectrometry is challenging, and the results presented demonstrate the need for pretreatment to remove organic matter from the samples before analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lene S Heier
- Norwegian Public Roads Administration, Construction, Postbox 1010, N-2605 Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lind
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Sondre Meland
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
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Polechońska L, Rozman U, Sokołowska K, Kalčíková G. The bioadhesion and effects of microplastics and natural particles on growth, cell viability, physiology, and elemental content of an aquatic macrophyte Elodea canadensis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166023. [PMID: 37541516 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics in the aquatic environment can interact with aquatic plants, but the consequences of these interactions are poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of microplastics commonly found in the environment, namely polyethylene (PE) fragments, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibres, tire wear (TW) particles under a relevant environmental concentration (5000 particles/L) on the growth, cell viability, physiology, and elemental content of the aquatic macrophyte Elodea canadensis. The effects of microplastics were compared to those of natural wood particles. The results showed that all types of microplastics adhered to plant tissues, but the effect on leaves (leaf damage area) was greatest at PE > PAN > TW, while the effect of natural particles was comparable to that of the control. None of the microplastics studied affected plant growth, lipid, carbohydrate, or protein content. Electron transport system activity was significantly higher in plants exposed to PAN fibres and PE fragments, but also when exposed to natural particles, while chlorophyll a content was negatively affected only by PE fragments and TW particles. Elemental analysis of plant tissue showed that in some cases PAN fibres and TW particles caused increased metal content. The results of this study indicated that aquatic macrophytes may respond differently to exposure to microplastics than to natural particles, likely through the combined effects of mechanical damage and chemical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmiła Polechońska
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Wrocław, ul. Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Ula Rozman
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 113 Večna pot, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarzyna Sokołowska
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, University of Wrocław, ul. Kanonia 6/8, Wrocław 50-328, Poland
| | - Gabriela Kalčíková
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 113 Večna pot, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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47
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Li K, Kong D, Xiu X, Hao W, Xu D. Toxic effects of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) on the surface of tire wear particles on freshwater biofilms: The alleviating role after sewage-incubation-aging. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 342:140179. [PMID: 37714474 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic ecological risks posed by the surface-active components of tire wear particles (TWPs) are not fully understood. This study aimed to determine the acute (24 h exposure) aquatic toxicity effects of TWPs on freshwater biofilms in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) abundance, quantum yield (ФM), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Three types of TWP were tested: TWPs produced via the typical wear of tires and roads (i.e., rolling friction (R-TWPs) and sliding friction (S-TWPs)) and cryogenically milled tire treads (C-TWPs). The results showed that the surface structural properties of the three TWPs differed significantly in morphology, bare composition, functional groups, and surface-active components (environmental persistent free radicals). The exposure of biofilms to the TWPs increased TOC and ATP at low concentrations (1 mg L-1) but inhibited them at high concentrations (50 mg L-1). All TWP types inhibited biofilm photosynthesis (reduced Chl-a and ФM) and altered the community structure of algae to varying degrees; in addition, the toxicity mechanisms of the TWPs contributed to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell membrane (or cell-wall) fragmentation, leading to lactate dehydrogenase release. S-TWPs were the most toxic because their surface carried the highest environmental persistent free radicals. R-TWPs were the second most toxic, which was attributed to their smaller particle size. The toxicity of all TWPs was tested after sewage incubation aging. The results showed that the toxicity of all TWPs reduced as the sewage covered their surface components and active sites. This process also reduced the differences in toxicity among the TWPs. This study filled a research gap in our understanding of aquatic toxicity caused by the surface structural properties of tire microplastics and has implications for the study of microplastic biotoxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Deyue Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Xiaojia Xiu
- Changwang School of Honors, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Wanqi Hao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China
| | - Defu Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, China.
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48
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Rist S, Le Du-Carrée J, Ugwu K, Intermite C, Acosta-Dacal A, Pérez-Luzardo O, Zumbado M, Gómez M, Almeda R. Toxicity of tire particle leachates on early life stages of keystone sea urchin species. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122453. [PMID: 37633434 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Particles from tires are a major fraction of microplastic pollution. They contain a wide range of chemical additives that can leach into the water and be harmful to aquatic organisms. In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity of tire particle leachates in early life stages of three keystone echinoderm species (Paracentrotus lividus, Arbacia lixula, Diadema africanum). Embryos were exposed for 72 h to a range of leachate dilutions, prepared using a concentration of 1 g L-1. Larval growth, abnormal development, and mortality were the measured endpoints. Furthermore, we estimated the activity of glutathione S transferase (GST) and the electron transport system (ETS) in P. lividus. Strong concentration-dependent responses were observed in all species, though with differing sensitivity. The median effect concentrations for abnormal development in P. lividus and A. lixula were 0.16 and 0.35 g L-1, respectively. In D. africanum, mortality overshadowed abnormal development and the median lethal concentration was 0.46 g L-1. Larvae of P. lividus were significantly smaller than the control from 0.125 g L-1, while the other two species were affected from 0.5 g L-1. ETS activity did not change but there was a non-significant trend of increasing GST activity with leachate concentration in P. lividus. Seven organic chemicals and eight metals were detected at elevated concentrations in the leachates. While we regard zinc as a strong candidate to explain some of the observed toxicity, it can be expected that tire particle leachates exhibit a cocktail effect and other leached additives may also contribute to their toxicity. Our results emphasize the importance of multi-species studies as they differ in their susceptibility to tire particle pollution. We found negative effects at concentrations close to projections in the environment, which calls for more research and mitigation actions on these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinja Rist
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR, IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Jessy Le Du-Carrée
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR, IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Kevin Ugwu
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR, IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM), Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Chiara Intermite
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR, IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Andrea Acosta-Dacal
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera S/n, 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Octavio Pérez-Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera S/n, 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Spain
| | - Manuel Zumbado
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera S/n, 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Spain
| | - May Gómez
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR, IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Almeda
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR, IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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49
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Ye J, Cheng R, Chen Z, Fang C, Shi M, Yu R, Qian H, Xue X. Stress response mechanism of wastewater biological nitrogen removal systems to environmentally realistic concentrations of tire wear particles: Contribution of leachable additives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129610. [PMID: 37544547 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The study quantified the biological nitrogen removal performance, microbial metabolism, microbial community structure, and antioxidant system in a sequencing batch reactor under long-term exposure to 0.1 and 1 mg/L tire wear particles (TWPs), and determined the contribution of leachable additives to the biotoxicity of TWPs. The results showed that long-term exposure to 0.1 and 1 mg/L TWPs inhibited both the nitrification and denitrification processes, reducing ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency. The TWP leachate (TWPL) primarily contributed to the denitrification inhibition by TWPs, potentially due to the high concentration of zinc ions in the leachable additive. Furthermore, both TWP and TWPL inhibit nitrogen conversion, with TWP inhibiting the generation and transfer of electrons, while TWPL only negatively affects the electron transfer process. This study presents novel insights into the impact of TWPs on biological nitrogen removal, underscoring its broader implications for the geochemical nitrogen cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Ye
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
| | - Ruotong Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
| | - Zhoukai Chen
- Municipal Planning and Design Research Institute, Hangzhou City Planning and Design Academy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Chengran Fang
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
| | - Meng Shi
- Center for Energy Resources Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Ran Yu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Hongchun Qian
- Hangzhou Chunnong Technology Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311423, China
| | - Xiangdong Xue
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China.
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50
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Guo Q, Men Z, Liu Z, Niu Z, Fang T, Liu F, Wu L, Peng J, Mao H. Chemical characteristics of fine tire wear particles generated on a tire simulator. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122399. [PMID: 37657724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear is one of the major sources of traffic-related particle emissions, however, laboratory data on the components of tire wear particles (TWPs) is scarce. In this study, ten brands of tires, including two types and four-speed grades, were chosen for wear tests using a tire simulator in a closed chamber. The chemical components of PM2.5 were characterized in detail, including inorganic elements, water-soluble ions (WSIs), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Inorganic elements, WSIs, OC, and EC accounted for 8.7 ± 2.1%, 3.1 ± 0.7%, 44.0 ± 0.9%, and 9.6 ± 2.3% of the mass of PM2.5, respectively. The OC/EC ratio ranged from 2.8 to 7.6. The inorganic elements were dominated by Si and Zn. The primary ions were SO42- and NO3-, and TWPs were proven to be acidic by applying an ionic balance. The total PAHs content was 113 ± 45.0 μg g-1, with pyrene being dominant. In addition, the relationship between the chemical components and tire parameters was analyzed. Inorganic elements and WSIs in TWPs were more abundant in all-season tires than those in winter tires, whereas the content of PAHs was the opposite. The mass fractions of OC, Si, and Al in the TWPs all showed increasing trends with increasing tire speed grade, but the PAHs levels showed a decreasing trend. Ultimately, to provide more data for further research, a TWPs source profile was constructed considering the tire weighting factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyou Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhengyu Men
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Zhihui Niu
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Tiange Fang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fengyang Liu
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Jianfei Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hongjun Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research & State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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