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Hua L, Gao Y, Guo S, Zhu H, Yao Y, Wang B, Fang J, Sun H, Xu F, Zhao H. Urinary Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons of Rural Population in Northwestern China: Oxidative Stress and Health Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7758-7769. [PMID: 38669205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure is suspected to be linked to oxidative damage. Herein, ten PAH human exposure biomarkers [hydroxylated PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs)] and five oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs) were detected in urine samples collected from participants living in a rural area (n = 181) in Northwestern China. The median molar concentration of ΣOH-PAHs in urine was 47.0 pmol mL-1. The 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNap; median: 2.21 ng mL-1) was the dominant OH-PAH. The risk assessment of PAH exposure found that hazard index (HI) values were <1, indicating that the PAH exposure of rural people in Jingyuan would not generate significant cumulative risks. Smokers (median: 0.033) obtained higher HI values than nonsmokers (median: 0.015, p < 0.01), suggesting that smokers face a higher health risk from PAH exposure than nonsmokers. Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that ΣOH-PAH concentrations were significant factors in increasing the oxidative damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG), ribonucleic acid (RNA) (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, 8-oxoGua), and protein (o, o'-dityrosine, diY) (p < 0.05). Among all PAH metabolites, only 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) could positively affect the expression of all five OSBs (p < 0.05), suggesting that urinary 1-OHPyr might be a reliable biomarker for PAH exposure and a useful indicator for assessing the impacts of PAH exposure on oxidative stress. This study is focused on the relation between PAH exposure and oxidative damage and lays a foundation for the study of the health effect mechanism of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Hua
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yafei Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Sai Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fuliu Xu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Abdulai PM, Sam K, Onyena AP, Ezejiofor AN, Frazzoli C, Ekhator OC, Udom GJ, Frimpong CK, Nriagu J, Orisakwe OE. Persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals in Ghanaian environment: a systematic review of food safety implications. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:376. [PMID: 38492071 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12500-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Advances in industrial and technological innovations have led to significant socio-economic benefits, but with overwhelming negative impacts on the environment. These impacts include the infiltration of organic contaminants into soil, water, and air, posing a threat to the environment and public health. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are increasingly released as waste, endangering the environment. In countries like Ghana, where regulations are weakly enforced, industrial waste is released uncontrollably, posing threats to public health, environmental integrity, and food systems. This study systematically evaluated existing literature on PBDEs, heavy metals, PAHs, and organic contaminant exposure in Ghana and proposes a roadmap for achieving food safety and protecting the environment and human health. The research identified high mobility of specific heavy metals and risks associated with PBDEs and PAHs in sediments, dumpsites, and various food items. Unregulated dumping of electronic waste with PBDEs raised environmental concerns. An integrated approach is needed to address the multifaceted impact of organic pollutants on public health and ecosystems. Urgent implementation of effective environmental management strategies and regulatory measures is crucial. The study proposed short- to mid-term priorities emphasising the need to foster collaboration and implementing global measures. The mid- to long-term strategy includes a national information surveillance system, local monitoring capacity development, and integrating land contamination controls with food safety legislation. These measures would mitigate risks, ensure sustainable practices, and improve overall food safety management in Ghana, serving as a model for regions facing similar challenges with diverse pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosper Manu Abdulai
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Choba, 5323, Nigeria
| | - Kabari Sam
- Department of Marine Environment and Pollution Control, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Nigeria
- School of the Environment, Geography and Geoscience, University of Portsmouth, University House, Winston Churchill Ave, Portsmouth, PO1 2UP, UK
| | - Amarachi Paschaline Onyena
- Department of Marine Environment and Pollution Control, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Nigeria
| | - Anthoneth Ndidi Ezejiofor
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Choba, 5323, Nigeria
| | - Chiara Frazzoli
- Department for Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Osazuwa Clinton Ekhator
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Godswill J Udom
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Caleb Kesse Frimpong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jerome Nriagu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Orish Ebere Orisakwe
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Choba, 5323, Nigeria.
- Advanced Research Centre, European University of Lefke, Lefke, Northern Cyprus, TR-10 Mersin, Turkey.
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Ghetu CC, Moran IL, Scott RP, Tidwell LG, Hoffman PD, Anderson KA. Concurrent assessment of diffusive and advective PAH movement strongly affected by temporal and spatial changes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168765. [PMID: 37992832 PMCID: PMC10872464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Chemical movement influences exposure, remediation and interventions. Understanding chemical movement in addition to chemical concentrations at contaminated sites is critical to informed decision making. Using seepage meters and passive sampling devices we assessed both diffusive and advective flux of bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at three time points, across two seasons, at a former creosote site in St. Helens, Oregon, United States. To our knowledge, this is the first time both diffusive and advective fluxes have been measured simultaneously at a contaminated site. Concentrations of 39 parent PAHs were determined by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Across both seasons and all sites, diffusive flux of PAHs was up to three orders of magnitude larger than advective flux. Release of PAHs from sediments and water were identified, likely from legacy contamination, as well as deposition from the air into the site from contemporary and other sources. The majority of PAH movement was comprised of three and four ring PAHs. Chemical movement on the site was found to be spatially and temporally variable. Volatilization decreased and atmospheric deposition increased from summer to fall. At the locations with higher levels of contamination, sum PAH release from sediments decreased by more than two orders of magnitude from summer to late fall. These data reflect the spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of this site and demonstrate the importance of seasonality in assessing chemical movement at contaminated sites. Results from this study can inform future legacy site assessments to optimize remediation strategies and assess remediation effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine C Ghetu
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Ian L Moran
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Richard P Scott
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Lane G Tidwell
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Peter D Hoffman
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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Zhang Q, Peng K, Xin LH, Zhao J, Li YJ. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons increases the risk of poor sleep pattern in US adults: results from the NHANES (2005-2010). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:114406-114419. [PMID: 37861841 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were found to be linked to various diseases. The current study's objective was to explore whether or not there was a relation between PAH exposure and poor sleep pattern. We evaluated nine urine PAH metabolites as exposures in our cross-sectional research based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2010. Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression (RCS) model, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, subgroup analysis, and mediation analysis were used to assess the associations between PAH metabolism and poor sleep pattern risk. After controlling for all confounding variables, several primary PAH metabolites, namely 1-hydroxynapthalene (1-NAP, OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.68), 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU, OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.71), 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-PHE, OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.64), 9-hydroxyfluorene (9-FLU, OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09-1.74), and ∑PAHs (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05-1.69), compared to the bottom tertile, were associated with increased risk of poor sleep pattern. The WQS regression analysis showed that 9-FLU and 1-NAP comprised the two most important factors related to poor sleep pattern. Mediation analysis revealed that inflammation acted as a mediator between PAHs and the prevalence of poor sleep pattern. In conclusion, exposure to PAHs may be associated with poor sleep pattern. Inflammation is a mediator of the effects of PAH exposure on poor sleep pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li-Hong Xin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Jie Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Ephraim-Emmanuel BC, Enembe O, Ordinioha B. Respiratory Health Effects of Pollution Due to Artisanal Crude-Oil Refining in Bayelsa, Nigeria. Ann Glob Health 2023; 89:74. [PMID: 37899776 PMCID: PMC10607629 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.4247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Artisanal refining of crude oil has been associated with the manifestations of various health problems directly related to the release of particulate matter, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), into the environment. This study thus assessed the respiratory health effects associated with being resident in areas where crude oil is artisanally refined in Bayelsa State. Material and methods This study utilized a comparative, cross-sectional design and was conducted in three communities in Bayelsa State. These included Sampou (a mildly exposed community), Nembe, and Gbarain (severely exposed communities). A sample population of 615 adults selected by multistage sampling completed the study instrument, which assessed data on their respiratory health. Environmental monitoring of the PAHs levels of the samples was done, and concentrations were determined using the gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 was used to conduct descriptive and inferential analyses. Results Findings revealed that the highest number of moderate to severe respiratory disease symptoms was experienced by respondents from Nembe 12 (41.4%), followed by those from Sampou 8 (27.6%), and then by those from Gbarain 9 (31.0%). Also, coughing that occurred mostly when lying down was found to be significantly prevalent among residents of Nembe [35 (47.9%); p-value: 0.016], among other symptoms. Respiratory disease symptoms were more likely to be found among females (p-value: 0.037), smokers (p-value: 0.002), and those having a low health risk perception related to PAHs exposure (p-value: 0.002). Conclusion Respondents from the three study sites had in the past 12 months experienced various respiratory disease symptoms, which could be directly related to their exposure to pollution from artisanal crude oil refining. Artisanal refining of crude oil should be continually dissuaded through unwavering enforcement of environmental health laws in order to further improve public and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Okokon Enembe
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Best Ordinioha
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Cesila CA, Souza MCO, Cruz JC, Bocato MZ, Campíglia AD, Barbosa F. Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Brazilian pregnant women: Urinary levels and health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116571. [PMID: 37467941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, humans have been continuously exposed to several compounds directly generated by industrial processes and/or present in consumed products. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are legacy pollutants ubiquitous in the environment and represent the main chemical pollutants in urban areas. Worldwide, studies that aim to understand the impacts of exposure to these chemicals have gained increasing prominence due to their potential toxicity profile, mainly concerning genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Human biomonitoring (HB) is an analytical approach to monitoring population exposure to chemicals; however, these studies are still limited in Brazil. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the exposure of Brazilian pregnant women to PAHs through HB studies. Besides, the risk characterization of this exposure was performed. For this purpose, urine samples from 358 Brazilian pregnant women were used to evaluate 11 hydroxylated metabolites of PAHs employing gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The 1OH-naphthol and 2OH-naphthol were detected in 100% of the samples and showed high levels, corresponding to 16.99 and 3.62 μg/g of creatinine, respectively. 2OH-fluorene (8.12 μg/g of creatinine) and 9OH-fluorene (1.26 μg/g of creatinine) were detected in 91% and 66% of the samples, respectively. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) metabolites were detected in more than 50% of the samples (0.58-1.26 μg/g of creatinine). A hazard index of 1.4 and a carcinogenic risk above 10-4 were found for BaP metabolites in the risk characterization. Therefore, our findings may indicate that exposure to PAHs poses a potential risk to pregnant women's health and a high probability of carcinogenic risk due to their exposure to BaP. Finally, this work shows the need for more in-depth studies to determine the sources of exposure and the implementation of health protection measures regarding the exposure of the Brazilian population to PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Aparecida Cesila
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences. ASTox Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory. Av. do Café s/nº, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences. ASTox Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory. Av. do Café s/nº, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jonas Carneiro Cruz
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences. ASTox Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory. Av. do Café s/nº, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Zuccherato Bocato
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences. ASTox Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory. Av. do Café s/nº, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Barbosa
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences. ASTox Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory. Av. do Café s/nº, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Souza MCO, Cruz JC, Rocha BA, Maria Oliveira Souza J, Devóz PP, Santana A, Campíglia AD, Barbosa F. The influence of the co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and toxic metals on DNA damage in brazilian lactating women and their infants: A cross-sectional study using machine learning approaches. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 334:138975. [PMID: 37224977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and toxic metals are widely spread pollutants of public health concern. The co-contamination of these chemicals in the environment is frequent, but relatively little is known about their combined toxicities. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the co-exposure to PAHs and toxic metals on DNA damage in Brazilian lactating women and their infants using machine learning approaches. Data were collected from an observational, cross-sectional study with 96 lactating women and 96 infants living in two cities. The exposure to these pollutants was estimated by determining urinary levels of seven mono-hydroxylated PAH metabolites and the free form of three toxic metals. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the urine were used as the oxidative stress biomarker and set as the outcome. Individual sociodemographic factors were also collected using questionnaires. Sixteen machine learning algorithms were trained using 10-fold cross-validation to investigate the associations of urinary OH-PAHs and metals with 8-OHdG levels. This approach was also compared with models attained by multiple linear regression. The results showed that the urinary concentration of OH-PAHs was highly correlated between the mothers and their infants. Multiple linear regression did not show a statistically significant association between the contaminants and urinary 8OHdG levels. Machine learning models indicated that all investigated variables did not present predictive performance on 8-OHdG concentrations. In conclusion, PAHs and toxic metals were not associated with 8-OHdG levels in Brazilian lactating women and their infants. These novelty and originality results were achieved even after applying sophisticated statistical models to capture non-linear relationships. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously because the exposure to the studied contaminants was considerably low, which may not reflect other populations at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- ASTox Lab - Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jonas Carneiro Cruz
- ASTox Lab - Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- ASTox Lab - Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria Oliveira Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Institute, University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, S/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Pícoli Devóz
- ASTox Lab - Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony Santana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | | | - Fernando Barbosa
- ASTox Lab - Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Yang D, Chen X, Cao W, Xu C, Chang L, Long G. Association between mixed exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and telomere length in general population: NHANES 2001-2002. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27428-w. [PMID: 37160859 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27428-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although an association between single polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adult exposure and telomere length has been reported, the evidence of mixed PAHs (1-napthol, 2-napthol, 3-fluorene, 2-fluorene, 3-phenanthrene, 1-phenanthrene, 2-phenanthrene, and 1-pyrene) exposure and telomere length in the adult general population is still not clear. A total of 1460 adults over the age of 20 years provided urine information on 8 PAHs and selected covariates from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Bayesian nuclear machine regression (BKMR) was conducted to analyze these associations of telomere length in multiple PAH-exposed environments. Linear regression is mainly used for correlation analysis of PAHs with selected covariate adjustments. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) is used to estimate the correlation between selected PAHs and telomere length. After adjusting for potential covariates, PAHs mixed exposure was negatively associated with telomere length. The linear regression results showed that 2-napthol and 2-fluorene were negatively correlated with telomere length. Telomere length decreased by 1.0% in the fully adjusted model per increment of one unit in the base-10-logarithm-transformed 2-napthol and 2-fluorene concentrations (P = 0.030 and 0.049, respectively). However, the other 6 PAH metabolites were not significantly different. In addition, RCS results showed that 2-napthol has a marginal dose effect relationship with telomere length. Our present study suggested that PAHs are negatively associated with telomere length in the general population of the USA. Considering that the low level of PAHs exposure in the general population can also induce reduced telomere length and potential health risks, future research is needed to explore potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daheng Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Cao
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfeng Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
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Wu B, Lin M, Li H, Wu Y, Qi M, Tang J, Ma S, Li G, An T. Internal exposure risk based on urinary metabolites of PAHs of occupation and non-occupation populations around a non-ferrous metal smelting plant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131563. [PMID: 37167870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The emission of various metals from non-ferrous metal smelting activities is well known. However, relative investigations on potential occupational exposure of organic pollutants are still limited. Herein, total of 619 human urine samples were collected from workers engaged in smelting activities and residents living near and/or far from the smelting sites, and ten mono-hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) in human urine were determined. The median levels of Σ10OH-PAHs in smelting workers (25.6 ng/mL) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than that of surrounding residents (9.00 ng/mL) and rural residents as the control (8.17 ng/mL), indicating an increase in occupational PAH exposure in non-ferrous metal smelting activities. The composition profiles of OH-PAH congeners were similar in three groups, in which naphthalene metabolites accounted for 76-82% of the total. The effects of smoking, drinking, gender, BMI, and occupational categories on urinary OH-PAHs were considered. The partial correlation analysis showed an insignificant effect of non-ferrous metal smelting activities on PAH exposure for surrounding residents. In the health risk assessments, almost all smelting workers had cancer risks exceeded the acceptable level of 10-6. This study provides a reference to occupational PAH exposure and reinforce the necessary of health monitoring among smelting workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizhi Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiqing Lin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hailing Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingjun Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengdie Qi
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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10
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Aslam R, Sharif F, Baqar M, Nizami AS. Association of human cohorts exposed to blood and urinary biomarkers of PAHs with adult asthma in a South Asian metropolitan city. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:35945-35957. [PMID: 36538227 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are a major global problem that causes the greatest impact on urban settings and have been linked to bronchial asthma in both children and adults in Pakistan. The association between exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and asthma in the adult population is less clear. The current study aimed to assess the clinico-chemical parameters and blood levels of naphthalene phenanthrene, pyrene, and 1,2-benzanthracene and urinary levels of 1-OH pyrene and 1-OH phenanthrene as well as asthma-related biomarkers immunoglobulin E (IgE), resistin, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of oxidative stress and other hematologic parameters in adults and their relationship with bronchial asthma. The GC/MS analysis showed higher mean concentrations of blood PAHs in asthma respondents (4.48 ± 1.34, 3.46 ± 1.04, 0.10 ± 0.03, and 0.29 ± 0.09) (ng/mL) as compared to controls (3.07 ± 0.92, 1.71 ± 0.51, 0.06 ± 0.02, and 0.11 ± 0.03) (ng/mL), with p = .006, p = .001, p = .050, and p = .001. Similarly, urinary levels of 1-OHpyr and 1-OHphe were significantly increased in adults with bronchial asthma (0.54 ± 0.16; 0.13 ± 0.04) (μmol/mol-Cr) than in controls (0.30 ± 0.09; 0.05 ± 0.02) (μmol/mol-Cr), with p = .002 and p = .0001, respectively, with a significant positive correlation to asthma severity. The asthma-related biomarkers IgE, resistin, and SOD were significantly higher (p 0.0001, 0.0001, and 0.0001) in people with asthma than in control persons. The findings showed that higher blood and urine PAHs levels were linked to higher asthma risk in adults and significant interaction with participants who smoked, had allergies, had a family history of asthma, and were exposed to dust. The current study's findings will be useful to local regulatory agencies in Lahore in terms of managing exposure and advocating efforts to minimize PAH pollution and manage health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Aslam
- Sustainable Development Study Centre (SDSC), Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Faiza Sharif
- Sustainable Development Study Centre (SDSC), Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mujtaba Baqar
- Sustainable Development Study Centre (SDSC), Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul-Sattar Nizami
- Sustainable Development Study Centre (SDSC), Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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11
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Somayajulu M, McClellan SA, Wright R, Pitchaikannu A, Croniger B, Zhang K, Hazlett LD. Airborne Exposure of the Cornea to PM 10 Induces Oxidative Stress and Disrupts Nrf2 Mediated Anti-Oxidant Defenses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3911. [PMID: 36835320 PMCID: PMC9965133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of whole-body animal exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM10) in the mouse cornea and in vitro. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to control or 500 µg/m3 PM10 for 2 weeks. In vivo, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed. RT-PCR and ELISA evaluated levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling and inflammatory markers. SKQ1, a novel mitochondrial antioxidant, was applied topically and GSH, MDA and Nrf2 levels were tested. In vitro, cells were treated with PM10 ± SKQ1 and cell viability, MDA, mitochondrial ROS, ATP and Nrf2 protein were tested. In vivo, PM10 vs. control exposure significantly reduced GSH, corneal thickness and increased MDA levels. PM10-exposed corneas showed significantly higher mRNA levels for downstream targets, pro-inflammatory molecules and reduced Nrf2 protein. In PM10-exposed corneas, SKQ1 restored GSH and Nrf2 levels and lowered MDA. In vitro, PM10 reduced cell viability, Nrf2 protein, and ATP, and increased MDA, and mitochondrial ROS; while SKQ1 reversed these effects. Whole-body PM10 exposure triggers oxidative stress, disrupting the Nrf2 pathway. SKQ1 reverses these deleterious effects in vivo and in vitro, suggesting applicability to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Somayajulu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sharon A. McClellan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Robert Wright
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ahalya Pitchaikannu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Bridget Croniger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Linda D. Hazlett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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12
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Abadi DRV, Tahmasbizadeh M, Arfaeinia H, Masjedi MR, Ramavandi B, Poureshgh Y. Biomonitoring of unmetabolized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urine of waterpipe/cigarette café workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22728-22742. [PMID: 36306072 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fresh tobacco or the smoke resulting from waterpipe and cigarette contains large amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which consumption can cause releasing of these contaminants into the indoor air of cigarette and waterpipe cafés. This study was conducted to investigate the urinary concentrations of unmetabolized PAH compounds among the employed workers as well as the customers in waterpipe and cigarette cafés along with its association with oxidative stress factors plus kidney injury biomarkers. For this, 35 staffs and 35 customers in these cafés (as an exposed group (EG)), 20 staffs in non-smoking cafés (as 1st control group (CG-1)), and 20 of the public population (as 2nd control group 2 (CG-2)) were chosen and their urine specimens were collected. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between urinary concentration of ƩPAHs in the exposed and control groups (P value < 0.05). Also, "type of tobacco" can be considered as an influential and determining factor for the urinary levels of PAHs among the subjects. Considering the contribution of PAHs to the total toxic equivalents, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DahA), and fluoranthene (Flrt) with 32.76%, 27.62%, and 18.65% claimed the largest share in waterpipe/cigarette cafés. The results also indicated a positive and significant relationship between some PAHs and oxidative stress biomarkers as well as uKIM-1 (biomarker for assessing and diagnosing glomerular damage) and TIMP-1 (biomarker of stress in primary steps of injury in tubular cell). Thus, it can be expressed that the workers of these smoking cafés are prone to the detrimental health impacts. Accordingly, proper policies and decisions should be taken to limit the activity of these cafés or proper protective strategies should be adopted to protect the health of exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Ranjbar Vakil Abadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tahmasbizadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Arfaeinia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Masjedi
- Tobacco Control Research Center (TCRC), Iranian Anti-Tobacco Association, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Yousef Poureshgh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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13
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Lu L, Ni R. Association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and hypertension among the U.S. adults in the NHANES 2003-2016: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114907. [PMID: 36436553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The global burden of hypertension, the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) globally, remains unresolved. Exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to hypertension (HTN) in adults and the elderly globally according to previous studies. Nonetheless, evidence on the association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and HTN risk in the general adult population in the United States was limited. To investigate the relationship between PAH exposure and HTN in adults in the United States, cross-sectional data during 2003 and 2016 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) on a stratified multistage random sample of the civilian non-institutionalized population were utilized. After eliminating individuals with incomplete information of interest, the final analysis contained 8951 subjects aged ≥20. In the multivariate logistic regression model, 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxyfluorene were found positively associated with increased risk of HTN among overall participants after adjusting for the covariates. 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxynaphthalene showed positive associations with HTN risk among overweight participants. In the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model, 1-hydroxynaphthalene and 2-hydroxyfluorene presented great importance to HTN risk among overall individuals. In the male subgroup analyses by BKMR, 2-hydroxyfluorene presented a positive effect on HTN risk when the remaining OH-PAHs were set at their 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile. Our findings highlight the complexities of estimating the risk of HTN associated with mixed PAH exposure, and additional longitudinal studies are required to determine the exact link between PAH exposure and HTN risk, as well as the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Lu
- Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Rong Ni
- Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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14
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Lin XY, Liu YX, Zhang YJ, Shen HM, Guo Y. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and DNA oxidative damage of workers in workshops of a petrochemical group. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135076. [PMID: 35649444 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The petrochemical industry has promoted the development of economy, while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produced by the industry become the threat for environment and humans. Data on human occupational exposure in petrochemical industry are limited. In the present study, urinary hydroxylated PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs) and a biomarker of DNA oxidative damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) were measured in 546 workers of a petrochemical group in Northeast China, to investigate PAH exposure and related potential health risk. The concentrations of ∑9OH-PAH in all workers were 0.25-175 μg/g Cre with a median value of 4.41 μg/g Cre. Metabolites of naphthalene were the predominant compounds. The levels of PAH metabolites were significantly different for workers with different jobs, which were the highest for recycling workers (13.7 μg/g Cre) and the lowest for agency managers (5.12 μg/g Cre). Besides, higher levels of OH-PAHs were usually found in males and older workers. There was a dose-response relationship between levels of 8-OHdG and ∑9OH-PAHs (p < 0.01). No difference was observed in concentrations of 8-OHdG for workers of different gender or ages, work history as well as noise. Furthermore, workers simultaneously exposed to other potential pollutants and higher levels of ∑9OH-PAH had significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG compared with those in the corresponding subgroups. Our results suggested that exposure to PAHs or co-exposure to PAHs and potential toxics in the petrochemical plant may cause DNA damage. We call for more researches on the associations among noise, chemical pollution and oxidative stress to workers in the real working environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ya Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yan-Xiang Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hui-Min Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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15
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Ghetu C, Rohlman D, Smith BW, Scott RP, Adams KA, Hoffman PD, Anderson KA. Wildfire Impact on Indoor and Outdoor PAH Air Quality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:10042-10052. [PMID: 35803593 PMCID: PMC9301925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Air quality impacts from wildfires are poorly understood, particularly indoors. As frequencies increase, it is important to optimize methodologies to understand and reduce chemical exposures from wildfires. Public health recommendations use air quality estimates from outdoor stationary air monitors, discounting indoor air conditions, and do not consider chemicals in the vapor phase, known to elicit adverse effects. We investigated vapor-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor and outdoor air before, during, and after wildfires using a community-engaged research approach. Paired passive air samplers were deployed at 15 locations across four states. Twelve unique PAHs were detected only in outdoor air during wildfires, highlighting a PAH exposure mixture for future study. Heavy-molecular-weight (HMW) outdoor PAH concentrations and average Air Quality Index (AQI) values were positively correlated (p < 0.001). Indoor PAH concentrations were higher in 77% of samples across all sampling events. Even during wildfires, 58% of sampled locations still had higher indoor PAH air concentrations. When AQI values exceeded 140 (unhealthy for sensitive groups), outdoor PAH concentrations became similar to or higher than indoors. Cancer and noncancer inhalation risk estimates from vapor-phase PAHs were higher indoors than outdoors, regardless of the wildfire impact. Consideration of indoor air quality and vapor-phase PAHs could inform public health recommendations regarding wildfires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine
C. Ghetu
- Department
of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Diana Rohlman
- College
of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon
State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Brian W. Smith
- Department
of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Richard P. Scott
- Department
of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Kaley A. Adams
- Department
of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Peter D. Hoffman
- Department
of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Kim A. Anderson
- Department
of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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16
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Wu X, Cao X, Lintelmann J, Peters A, Koenig W, Zimmermann R, Schneider A, Wolf K. Assessment of the association of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, oxidative stress, and inflammation: A cross-sectional study in Augsburg, Germany. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 244:113993. [PMID: 35777219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been linked to acute and chronic health effects through the suggested pathways of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, evidence is still limited. We aimed to investigate jointly the relationship of PAHs, oxidative stress, and inflammation. METHODS We measured 13 biomarkers of PAH exposure (n = 6: hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, [OH-PAHs]), oxidative stress (n = 6: malondialdehyde (MDA); 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG); and 4 representatives of the compound class of F2α-isoprostanes) in urine, and inflammation (n = 1: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, [hs-CRP]) in serum from 400 participants at the second follow-up (2013/2014) of the German KORA survey S4. Multiple linear regression models were applied to investigate the interplay between biomarkers. RESULTS Concentrations of biomarkers varied according to sex, age, smoking status, season, and a history of obesity, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. All OH-PAHs were significantly and positively associated with oxidative stress biomarkers. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in sum OH-PAHs was associated with a 13.3% (95% CI: 9.9%, 16.9%) increase in MDA, a 6.5% (95% CI: 3.5%, 9.6%) increase in 8-OHdG, and an 8.4% (95% CI: 6.6%, 11.3%) increase in sum F2α-isoprostanes. Associations were more pronounced between OH-PAHs and F2α-isoprostanes but also between OH-PAHs and 8-OHdG for participants with potential underlying systemic inflammation (hs-CRP ≥ 3 mg/L). We observed no association between OH-PAHs and hs-CRP levels. While 8-OHdG was significantly positively associated with hs-CRP (13.7% [95% CI: 2.2%, 26.5%] per IQR increase in 8-OHdG), F2α-isoprostanes and MDA indicated only a positive or null association, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this cross-sectional study suggest, at a population level, that exposure to PAHs is associated with oxidative stress even in a low exposure setting. Oxidative stress markers, but not PAHs, were associated with inflammation. Individual risk factors were important contributors to these processes and should be considered in future studies. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to investigate the causal chain of the associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- Division of Analytical and Technical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Cooperation Group of Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xin Cao
- Division of Analytical and Technical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Cooperation Group of Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jutta Lintelmann
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Munich, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Division of Analytical and Technical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Cooperation Group of Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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17
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Rahman HH, Niemann D, Munson-McGee SH. Association of chronic kidney disease with exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the US population. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:24024-24034. [PMID: 34822075 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants formed from the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing products. Exposure can occur through ingestion or inhalation and has been linked to depression, stroke, liver disease, asthma, diabetes, heart failure, and cancer. Few studies have investigated the association between exposure to PAHs and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans. This study aims to investigate the association between seven urinary PAH concentrations (1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 3-hydroxyfluorene 2-hydroxyfluorene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, 1-hydroxypyrene, and 2 & 3-hydroxyphenanthrene) and CKD in the US adult population. A cross-sectional analysis using the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset was conducted. CKD was defined with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). Participants with an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 or ACR > 30 mg/gm were considered to have CKD. A specialized complex survey design analysis package using R version 4.0.3 was used in the data analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to study the correlation between seven forms of urinary PAH concentrations and CKD associated with abnormal eGFR or ACR. The models were adjusted for lifestyle and demographic factors. The study included a total of 4117 adults aged ≥ 20 years, with 49.6% males and 50.4% females. Urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene (OR: 1.600, 95% CI: 1.141, 2.243) was significantly associated with an increased odds of CKD; the other six forms of urinary PAHs were not associated with CKD. Non-Hispanic Black (OR: 1.569, 95% CI: 1.168, 2.108), age of 60 years and older (OR: 2.546, 95% CI: 1.865, 3.476), and BMIs of underweight (OR: 2.386, 95% CI: 1.259, 4.524) and obese (OR: 1.407, 95% CI: 1.113, 1.778) all had significantly increased odds for CKD. Our study concluded that urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene, a form of PAH, is significantly associated with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Niemann
- Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3501 Arrowhead Dr, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
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18
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Huang S, Li Q, Liu H, Ma S, Long C, Li G, Yu Y. Urinary monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the general population from 26 provincial capital cities in China: Levels, influencing factors, and health risks. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 160:107074. [PMID: 34995968 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived from the incomplete combustion of organic materials are associated with adverse health effects. However, little is known about PAH exposure levels and their influencing factors on a large scale in developing countries. In this study, urinary monohydroxylated metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAHs), including the metabolites of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene, were measured in 1154 samples in the general population nationwide from 26 provincial capitals in China. Concentrations of OH-PAHs ranged from 1.39 to 228 μg/L. OH-Nap, metabolite of naphthalene, was the predominant compound, accounting for 65.1% of totals. People in eastern, southwest and northeast China, such as Shanghai, Kunming, Nanning, and Changchun, suffered more PAH exposure than other regions which might associate with sampling time, living habits of the subjects, and the imbalance of economic development and energy consumption across regions. Urinary OH-PAH concentrations were associated with body mass index, gender, and age, and smoking was the main correlating factor. Inhalation and diet might be the main exposure route of human exposure to PAHs, especially for smokers by inhalation. Hazard indices showed that no subject was exposed to PAHs with potential non-carcinogenic risk. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk was the most significant health effects, with almost all subjects having carcinogenic risk values higher than the acceptable level of 10-6. Naphthalene and phenanthrene were the main contributors. The results also suggested a possible relationship between PAH exposure and lung cancer in the Chinese population. This first nationwide study on human internal exposure to PAHs provides a large body of scientific information for governmental decision-making about associated human health and the prevention of human exposure to PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senyuan Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, PR China
| | - Hao Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chaoyang Long
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510430, PR China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Zeng H, Fang B, Hao K, Wang H, Zhang L, Wang M, Hao Y, Wang X, Wang Q, Yang W, Rong S. Combined effects of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals on oxidative stress among healthy adults in Caofeidian, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113168. [PMID: 34999341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals is associated with many adverse effects on human health, accompanied by oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of co-exposure to PAHs and metals on oxidative stress in healthy adults. A preliminary longitudinal panel study was conducted between 2017 and 2018 in 45 healthy college students in Caofeidian, China. Six urinary monohydroxylated-PAHs (OH-PAHs), ten metals, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) were measured. Linear mixed effects (LME) models and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to explore the associations of urinary OH-PAHs and metals with 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2α. LME models showed that most urinary OH-PAHs and metals were positively associated with 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2α. For example, a one-unit increase in the ln-transformed level of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) and vanadium (V) was associated with an increase of 143.8% (95% CI: 105.7 - 188.9%) and 105.8% (95% CI: 79.2-136.4%) in 8-OHdG; 8-iso-PGF2α increased by 118.9% (95% CI: 99.2-140.5%) and 83.9% (95% CI: 67.2-102.2%) with a one-unit increase in the ln-transformed level of 3-hydroxyphenanthrene (3-OHPhe) and aluminum (Al). BKMR models indicated the overall positive associations of the mixture of six OH-PAHs, ten metals, or six OH-PAHs and ten metals with 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2α. Urinary 1-OHPyr and V were identified as the major contributors to the increased urinary 8-OHdG levels, while urinary 3-OHPhe and Al were the most vital contributors to the increased urinary 8-iso-PGF2α levels. The results revealed the longitudinal dose-response relationships of urinary OH-PAHs and metals with oxidative stress among healthy adults in Caofeidian; this finding serves as an evidence regarding the early health hazard caused by exposure to PAHs and metals and has implications for the environmental management of PAH and metal emissions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zeng
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Bo Fang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; Affiliated Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, 115 Ximen Street, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, China
| | - Kelu Hao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Manman Wang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Yulan Hao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Xuesheng Wang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No. 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China.
| | - Wenqi Yang
- Affiliated Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China.
| | - Suying Rong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Tangshan Vocational and Technical College, No. 120 Xinhua West Road, Tangshan 063000, China
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20
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Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced oxidative stress in Shiraz, Iran: urinary levels, health risk assessment and mediation effect of MDA on the risk of metabolic syndromes. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1043-1058. [PMID: 34997324 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been identified as carcinogenic and endocrine disrupter compounds that cause Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Oxidative stress can lead to carcinogenesis and MetS in exposed people. Therefore, the relationship between urinary metabolite of PAH (OH-PAHs) level and the oxidative stress biomarker (Malondialdehyde) effect as the mediator in increasing the risk of MetS due to PAH exposure and risk assessment was investigated in Shiraz, Iran. METHODS The first morning void urinary and blood samples were obtained from participants and analyzed. Physical examinations and anthropometric measurements were performed on the day of sampling. An automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to measure the blood cells. The participants' socio-demographic information was gathered using a questionnaire and direct interviews with participants. RESULTS The MetS prevalence was 26%. Malondialdehyde could act as a mediator between exposure to 1-HydroxyPyrene and increase in fast blood sugar, exposure to 2-HydroxyNaphthalene and increase in systolic blood pressure and exposure to 2-HydroxyFluorene and increase in SBP. Hazard quotients varied from 0.009 to 14.92 in women, and from 0.005 to 8.43 for Fluorene and Naphthalene in men, respectively. The Hazard Indexes were greater than one meaning that the non-cancer health risk related to the PAH exposure could be identified in the participants. CONCLUSION Although oxidative stress has been suggested to lead to MetS and the high HI levels obtained in the current study, future researches are essential to achieve more reliable findings and monitoring the environmental influencing factors in PAH exposure.
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Mirzababaei A, Daneshzad E, Moradi S, Abaj F, Mehranfar S, Asbaghi O, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The association between urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and cardiovascular diseases and blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1712-1728. [PMID: 34699007 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although epidemiological studies have discerned the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and hypertension and/or cardiovascular disease in the general population, the possible mechanisms for this association are not well understood. We sought to examine the association between urinary metabolites of PAHs and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and blood pressure in adults, by conducting a meta-analysis of observational studies. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of science, up to July 2021, for observational studies that investigated the association between urinary metabolites of PAHs and CVDs and blood pressure in adults. Nine prospective studies, including 27,280 participants, were included. Based on overall pooled results, there was a significant positive association between all types of urinary metabolites of PAH and blood pressure (OR: 1.32; 95%, CI: 1.19 to 1.48, p < 0.0001) (I2 = 62.4%, p < 0.0001). There was no significant association between any urinary metabolite of PAH and CHD (OR: 0.93; 95%, CI: 0.83 to 1.03, p = 0.174) (I2 = 0%, p = 0.653). Overall, there was a significant positive association between all urinary metabolites of PAH and CVD (OR: 1.23; 95%, CI: 1.16 to 1.30, p < 0.0001) (I2 = 59.7%, p < 0.0001). The results of the present meta-analysis suggest that different metabolites PAHs are associated with an increased risk of CVD and HTN. Further studies, including randomized clinical trials, are needed to confirm the veracity of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mehranfar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Vehicular influence on atmospheric concentrations and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in some major cities in three regions of Ghana using epiphytic lichens. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1691-1699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Yang Z, Guo C, Li Q, Zhong Y, Ma S, Zhou J, Li X, Huang R, Yu Y. Human health risks estimations from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in serum and their hydroxylated metabolites in paired urine samples. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:117975. [PMID: 34416499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are compounds with two or more benzene rings whose hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAHs) are excreted in urine. Human PAH exposure is therefore commonly estimated based on urinary OH-PAH concentrations. However, no study has compared PAH exposure estimates based on urinary OH-PAHs to measurements of PAH levels in blood samples. Estimates of PAH exposure based solely on urinary OH-PAHs may thus be subject to substantial error. To test this hypothesis, paired measurements of parent PAHs in serum and OH-PAHs in urine samples from 480 participants in Guangzhou, a typical developed city in southern China, were used to investigate differences in the estimates of human PAH exposure obtained by sampling different biological matrices. The median PAH concentration in serum was 4.05 ng mL-1, which was lower than that of OH-PAHs in urine (8.33 ng mL-1). However, serum pyrene levels were significantly higher than urinary levels of its metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene. Concentrations of parent PAHs in serum were not significantly correlated with those of their metabolites in urine with the exception of phenanthrene, which exhibited a significant negative correlation. Over 28% of the participants had carcinogenic risk values above the acceptable cancer risk level of 10-6. Overall, estimated human exposure and health risks based on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels were only 13.6% of those based on serum pyrene measurements, indicating that estimates based solely on urine sampling may substantially understate health risks due to PAH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chongshan Guo
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jinhua Zhou
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Rende Huang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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24
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Wu M, Liu C, Wang H, Nie J, Yang J. Dose-response relationship between urinary PAH metabolites and blood viscosity among coke oven workers: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046682. [PMID: 34794984 PMCID: PMC8603277 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been proven to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in coke oven workers, and increased plasma viscosity is a signal for higher risk of catching up cardiovascular disease. We want to explore whether the plasma viscosity is affected by the concentration of PAHs. DESIGN Our study is a cross-sectional dose-response study. SETTING Participants in this study came from a coke plant in Taiyuan, Shanxi. PARTICIPANTS We used data of 693 coke oven workers in Taiyuan. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES We assumed that plasma viscosity would increase as the concentration of PAHs metabolites in urine increases. We found that 2-hydroxyfluorene (OHFLU2) and plasma viscosity have a stable linear relationship in different statistical methods. RESULTS We found that plasma viscosity increased by 1.14 (mPa.s,30/s) for each ng/mL of 2-OHFLU urinary (correlation coefficient range: 0.54-1.74, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study could provide evidence for coke oven workers to prevent cardiovascular disease by checking whether plasma viscosity is elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chengjuan Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jisheng Nie
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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25
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Zhu H, Martinez-Moral MP, Kannan K. Variability in urinary biomarkers of human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and its association with oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 156:106720. [PMID: 34166875 PMCID: PMC8380707 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Urinary concentrations of mono-hydroxylated metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAHs) have been used as biomarkers of these chemicals' exposure in humans. Little is known, however, with regard to intra- and inter-individual variability in OH-PAH concentrations and their association with oxidative stress. We conducted a longitudinal study of measurement of urinary concentrations of 15 OH-PAHs and 7 oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs) of DNA damage [8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)], lipid [malondialdehyde (MDA) and F2-isoprostanes (PGF2α)] and protein [o,o'-dityrosine (diY)] peroxidation in 19 individuals for 44 consecutive days. Metabolites of naphthalene (OHNap), fluorene (OHFlu), phenanthrene (OHPhe), and pyrene (OHPyr) were found in >70% of 515 urine samples analyzed, at sum concentrations (∑OH-PAH) measured in the range of 0.46-60 ng/mL. After adjusting for creatinine, OHNap and ∑OH-PAH concentrations exhibited moderate predictability, with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranging from 0.359 to 0.760. However, ICC values were low (0.001-0.494) for OHFlu, OHPhe, and OHPyr, which suggested poor predictability for these PAH metabolites. Linear mixed-effects analysis revealed that an unit increase in ∑OH-PAH concentration corresponded to 4.5%, 5.3%, 20%, and 21% increase in respective urinary 8-OHdG, MDA, PGF2α, and diY concentrations, suggesting an association with oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins. The daily intakes of PAHs, calculated from urinary concentrations of OH-PAHs, were 10- to 100-fold below the current reference doses. This study provides valuable information to design sampling strategies in biomonitoring studies and in assigning exposure classifications of PAHs in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkai Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Maria-Pilar Martinez-Moral
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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Díaz de León-Martínez L, Ortega-Romero MS, Barbier OC, Pérez-Herrera N, May-Euan F, Perera-Ríos J, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Flores-Ramírez R. Evaluation of hydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and biomarkers of early kidney damage in indigenous children from Ticul, Yucatán, Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:52001-52013. [PMID: 33997934 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14460-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental persistent chemicals, produced by the incomplete combustion of solid fuels, found in smoke. PAHs are considered carcinogenic, teratogenic, and genotoxic. Children are susceptible to environmental pollutants, particularly those living in high-exposure settings. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the exposure to PAHs through hydroxylated metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAHs), 1-hydroxynaphtalene (1-OH-NAP), and 2-hydroxynaphtalene (2-OH-NAP); 2-,3-, and 9-hydroxyfluorene (2-OH-FLU, 3-OH-FLU, 9-OH-FLU); 1-,2-,3-, and 4-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-OH-PHE, 2-OH-PHE, 3-OH-PHE, 4-OH-PHE); and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-PYR), as well as kidney health through biomarkers of early kidney damage (osteopontin (OPN), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), and cystatin C (Cys-C)) in children from an indigenous community dedicated to footwear manufacturing and pottery in Ticul, Yucatán, Mexico. The results show a high exposure to PAHs from the found concentrations of OH-PAHs in urine in 80.5% of the children in median concentrations of 18.4 (5.1-71.0) μg/L of total OH-PAHs, as well as concentrations of kidney damage proteins in 100% of the study population in concentrations of 4.8 (3-12.2) and 7.9 (6.5-13.7) μg/g creatinine of NGAL and Cys-C respectively, and 97.5% of the population with concentrations of OPN and α1-MG at mean concentrations of 207.3 (119.8-399.8) and 92.2 (68.5-165.5) μg/g creatinine. The information provided should be considered and addressed by the health authorities to establish continuous biomonitoring and programs to reduce para-occupational exposure in the vulnerable population, particularly children, based on their fundamental human right to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez
- Center for Applied Research on Environment and Health (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Manolo S Ortega-Romero
- Toxicology Department, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Olivier C Barbier
- Toxicology Department, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Fernando May-Euan
- Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Javier Perera-Ríos
- Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Maribel Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Division, Universidad de Quintana Roo, Av. Erick Paolo Martínez, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramírez
- CONACYT Research Fellow, Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
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27
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Kramer AL, Dorn S, Perez A, Roper C, Titaley IA, Cayton K, Cook RP, Cheong PHY, Massey Simonich SL. Assessing the oxidative potential of PAHs in ambient PM 2.5 using the DTT consumption assay. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117411. [PMID: 34051568 PMCID: PMC9844052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative potential (OP) of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to organic content, which includes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The OP of 135 individual PAHs (including six subclasses) was measured using the dithiolthreitol (DTT) consumption assay. The DTT assay results were used to compute the concentration of each PAH needed to consume 50% of the DTT concentration in the assay (DTT50), and the reduction potential of the PAHs (ΔGrxn). Computed reduction potential results were found to match literature reduction potential values (r2 = 0.97), while DTT50 results had no correlations with the computed ΔGrxn values (r2 < 0.1). The GINI equality index was used to assess the electron distribution across the surface of unreacted and reacted PAHs. GINI values correlated with ΔGrxn in UPAH, HPAH, and OHPAH subclasses, as well as with all 135 PAHs in this study but did not correlate with DTT50, indicating that electron dispersion is linked to thermodynamic reactions and structural differences in PAHs, but not linked to the OP of PAHs. Three ambient PM2.5 filters extracts were measured in the DTT assay, alongside mixtures of analytical standards prepared to match PAH concentrations in the filter extracts to test if the OP follows an additive model of toxicity. The additive prediction model did not accurately predict the DTT consumption in the assay for any of the prepared standard mixtures or ambient PM2.5 filter extracts, indicating a much more complex model of toxicity for the OP of PAHs in ambient PM2.5. This study combined computed molecular properties with toxicologically relevant assay results to probe the OP of anthropogenically driven portions of ambient PM2.5, and results in a better understanding of the complexity of ambient PM2.5 OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Kramer
- Oregon State University, Department of Chemistry, USA; Oregon State University, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, USA.
| | - Shelby Dorn
- Oregon State University, Department of Chemistry, USA
| | - Allison Perez
- Oregon State University, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, USA
| | - Courtney Roper
- University of Mississippi, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, USA
| | - Ivan A Titaley
- Oregon State University, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, USA
| | - Kaylee Cayton
- Oregon State University, Department of Chemistry, USA
| | | | | | - Staci L Massey Simonich
- Oregon State University, Department of Chemistry, USA; Oregon State University, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, USA
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28
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Fernández SF, Pardo O, Hernández CS, Garlito B, Yusà V. Children's exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Valencian Region (Spain): Urinary levels, predictors of exposure and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 153:106535. [PMID: 33831740 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pollutants that are released into the environment during incomplete combustion of organic matter and which can have a negative effect on human health. PAHs enter the human body mostly through ingestion of food or inhalation of tobacco smoke. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the internal levels of PAHs that children living in the Valencian Region (Spain) are exposed to. In total, we measured eleven biomarkers of exposure to naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in the urine of 566 children aged 5-12. The analytical method was based on a liquid-liquid extraction of the PAH metabolites from the urine samples, followed by their determination by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, we used a questionnaire to collect the socio-demographic characteristics and 72 h dietary recall information of the participants in our study. Overall, we detected PAH metabolites in more than 78% of the children, with the exception of 3-hydroxyfluorene and 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene, which were found in less than 37% of the analyzed samples. The most abundant biomarker found was 2-hydroxynaphthalene, with a geometric mean of 10 ng·ml-1. Reference values (RV95) ranging from 0.11 (4-hydroxyphenanthrene) to 53 ng·ml-1 (2-hydroxynaphthalene) in urine of Spanish children were derived from the present study. According to the statistical analysis, the factors that were significantly associated with the internal exposure to PAHs were province of residence, body mass index (BMI), children's age, consumption of plastic-wrapped food, and dietary habits. The estimated daily intakes in geometric mean terms ranged from 5 (fluorene) to 204 ng·kg-bw-1·day-1 (naphthalene). Risk assessment calculations showed higher hazard quotients and hazard indexes for children aged 5-8 than those aged 9-12, but all were below 1. In conclusion, no potential non-cancer health risk due to PAH exposure was observed in children living in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra F Fernández
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of València Doctor, Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Olga Pardo
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain; Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, University of València Doctor, Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Cristina S Hernández
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of València Doctor, Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Borja Garlito
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain
| | - Vicent Yusà
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of València Doctor, Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; Public Health Laboratory of València Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 València, Spain
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Effect of tiger milk mushroom (Lignosus rhinocerus) supplementation on respiratory health, immunity and antioxidant status: an open-label prospective study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11781. [PMID: 34083710 PMCID: PMC8175741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiger milk mushroom (TMM; Lignosus rhinocerus) have been used for a long time by indigenous communities in South East Asia regions as traditional medicine for different ailments, including respiratory disorders. The beneficial effects of TMM have been proven through in vivo and in vitro models, but these effects have yet to be validated in a clinical study. In this study, the beneficial effects of TMM supplementation were investigated in 50 voluntary participants. Participants were required to take 300 mg of TMM twice daily for three months. Level of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 8 (IL-8), immunoglobulin A (IgA), total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde (MDA), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms were assessed during baseline and monthly follow-up visits. Results demonstrated that supplementation of TMM significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed the level of IL-1β, IL-8, MDA, as well as respiratory symptoms. In additional to that, TMM also significantly (p < 0.05) induced the level of IgA, total antioxidant capacity, as well as pulmonary function. Analyses of data indicated that gender and BMI were factors influencing the outcomes of antioxidant status. Collectively, our findings suggested that TMM supplementation effectively improves respiratory health, immunity and antioxidant status.
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Xu C, Liu Q, Liang J, Weng Z, Xu J, Jiang Z, Gu A. Urinary biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their associations with liver function in adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116842. [PMID: 33711626 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Associations between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and respiratory diseases have been widely studied, but the effects of PAH on liver toxicity in adolescents are unclear. Here, 3194 adolescents with NHANES data from 2003 to 2016 were selected. PAH exposure was assessed by measuring PAH metabolites in urine. The outcome variables were the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). The association between PAH exposure and liver function was evaluated by the weighted quantile sum (WQS) and logistic regression, and the associations between PAHs and inflammation and blood lipids were evaluated by linear regression. Covariates were adjusted for age, ethnicity, BMI, physical activity, family income, cotinine, and urinary creatinine. The results showed that for females, mixed PAH exposure was related to an increased ALT level (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.15, 4.72), and 2-fluorene contributed the most (38.6%). Urinary 2-fluorene was positively associated with an elevated ALT level (OR = 2.19 95% 1.12, 4.27, p for trend = 0.004). Mechanistically, 2-fluorene can cause a 3.56% increase in the white blood cell count, a 6.99% increase in the triglyceride level, and 1.70% increase in the total cholesterol level. PAHs may have toxic effects, possibly mediated by inflammation and blood lipids, on the adolescent female liver. Additional confirmatory studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjia Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenkun Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoyan Jiang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Aihua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Jeng PH, Huang TR, Wang CC, Chen WL. Clinical Relevance of Urine Flow Rate and Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105372. [PMID: 34070005 PMCID: PMC8157826 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites have received increasing attention because several of these organic substances are highly carcinogenic or mutagenic. Exposure to PAHs is associated with many harmful health effects; however, we are not aware of any study that has explored the exposure to PAHs and urinary conditions in the general population. The present work aimed to investigate the correlation among PAH and urine flow rate (UFR). Method: Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2012 were used in our study. A total of 4172 participants and a total of nine PAH metabolites were examined. The UFR was measured as the amount of urine excreted in a period of time (mL/h). Several covariates were adjusted in linear regression models. Result: After adjusting for variables, the PAH metabolites in urine showed a significant correlation with UFR. Dose-dependent associations between PAH metabolites in the urine and UFR were also found. Higher quartiles of PAH metabolites in urine exhibited higher regression coefficients. Conclusion: Our study highlighted that PAH metabolites in urine had a strong association with decreased UFR in the US adult population. These findings support the possibility that PAH exposure is related to bladder dysfunction. Further prospective studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsuan Jeng
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-H.J.); (T.-R.H.)
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Ru Huang
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (P.-H.J.); (T.-R.H.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Wang
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Division of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Division of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-87923311 (ext. 16567)
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Adli A, Hosseini SM, Lari Najafi M, Behmanesh M, Ghezi E, Rasti M, Kazemi AA, Rad A, Falanji F, Mohammadzadeh M, Miri M, Dadvand P. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposures and telomere length: A cross-sectional study on preschool children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110757. [PMID: 33493537 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been associated with shorter telomere length (TL), a marker of ageing at cellular level. However, the available evidence on this association among children is still scarce. We therefore aimed to assess, the relationship between urinary 1-hydroxipayrene (1-OHP), a marker of exposure to PAHs, and relative leukocyte TL (LTL) in children at preschool age. Our study was based on 200 children enrolled from 27 randomly-selected kindergartens in the city of Sabzevar, Iran (2017). 1-OHP levels in the participants' urine samples were measured using solid phase extraction (SPE) method and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, real-time PCR was used to measure the LTL in the participants' blood samples. Linear mixed effects models, controlled for relevant covariates, were applied to investigate the association of 1-OHP concentration and LTL. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) of relative LTL and urinary 1-OHP were 0.83 (0.7) and 257 (375.5) ng/L, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, an IQR increase in urinary 1-OHP was related to -0.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09, -0.01, P-value = 0.02) decrease in relative LTL. This association was similar among boys and girls; however, we observed indications for a stronger association for those children whose parents had university education. Our study suggested an inverse relationship between urinary 1-OHP and LTL in children at preschool age. However, further longitudinal research with repeated measures of PAHs and LTL are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Adli
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Human Genetic Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435916471, Iran
| | - Moslem Lari Najafi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Behmanesh
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; University of Applied Sciences & Technology (UAST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Ghezi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Morteza Rasti
- Non-communicable diseases Research Center, Heshmatiyeh Hospital, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Kazemi
- Non-communicable diseases Research Center, Heshmatiyeh Hospital, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Rad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Falanji
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Miri
- Non-communicable diseases Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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Zhang YJ, Huang C, Lv YS, Ma SX, Guo Y, Zeng EY. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure, oxidative potential in dust, and their relationships to oxidative stress in human body: A case study in the indoor environment of Guangzhou, South China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 149:106405. [PMID: 33516990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study of internal and external exposure is a good method to comprehensively understand human exposure to environmental contaminants that may trigger oxidative stress in human body. Information is limited regarding the influences of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on human health from the environment. In addition, data on the contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from indoor environments, especially air, to total human exposure are still insufficient. The present study measured PAHs in paired indoor dust (n = 101), gas (polyurethane foams, n = 100), and particle samples (quartz fiber filters, n = 100) and their hydroxy metabolites (OH-PAHs) in 205 urine samples from 101 families in Guangzhou, South China. The oxidative potential (OP) in dust samples was quantified with a dithiothreitol (DTT) assay to reflect the oxidizability of ROSs, and explore the relationship between environmental ROSs and oxidative stress in humans (using urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a biomarker). The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of Σ16PAH via air inhalation were much higher than those from gas dermal contact, dust dermal contact, and dust ingestion (mean: 19.5 > 4.27 > 3.75 > 1.60 ng/kg_bw/day). Generally, approximately 16% of naphthalene, 28% of fluorene, 9% of phenanthrene, and 3% of pyrene were derived from indoor environments for all residents when compared with the total PAH exposure amount from all sources. Significantly positive relationships were found between OH-PAHs and 8-OHdG (coefficients β: 0.129-0.366, p < 0.05) checked by linear mixed effect models, and males seemed to be more susceptible than females to the DNA oxidative damage related to PAH exposure. The mean OP value in dust was 7.14 ± 6.68 pmol/(min·μg). Individual PAHs in dust gradually intensified the oxidizability of dust particles as their molecular weight increased. A potential but not significant dose-relationship was found between dusty OP and urinary 8-OHdG. Further work should determine the impact of chemical profiles on OP in different environmental media and continuously explore the potential to use OP as a useful indicator to reflect the total oxidizability of several groups of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Shan Lv
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510535, China
| | - She-Xia Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510535, China.
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Sopian NA, Jalaludin J, Abu Bakar S, Hamedon TR, Latif MT. Exposure to Particulate PAHs on Potential Genotoxicity and Cancer Risk among School Children Living Near the Petrochemical Industry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052575. [PMID: 33806616 PMCID: PMC7967639 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the association of exposure to particle-bound (PM2.5) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with potential genotoxicity and cancer risk among children living near the petrochemical industry and comparative populations in Malaysia. PM2.5 samples were collected using a low-volume sampler for 24 h at three primary schools located within 5 km of the industrial area and three comparative schools more than 20 km away from any industrial activity. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometer was used to determine the analysis of 16 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) priority PAHs. A total of 205 children were randomly selected to assess the DNA damage in buccal cells, employing the comet assay. Total PAHs measured in exposed and comparative schools varied, respectively, from 61.60 to 64.64 ng m-3 and from 5.93 to 35.06 ng m-3. The PAH emission in exposed schools was contributed mainly by traffic and industrial emissions, dependent on the source apportionment. The 95th percentiles of the incremental lifetime cancer risk estimated using Monte Carlo simulation revealed that the inhalation risk for the exposed children and comparative populations was 2.22 × 10-6 and 2.95 × 10-7, respectively. The degree of DNA injury was substantially more severe among the exposed children relative to the comparative community. This study reveals that higher exposure to PAHs increases the risk of genotoxic effects and cancer among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Ashikin Sopian
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-97692401
| | - Suhaili Abu Bakar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Titi Rahmawati Hamedon
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Kuang H, Li Z, Lv X, Wu P, Tan J, Wu Q, Li Y, Jiang W, Pang Q, Wang Y, Fan R. Exposure to volatile organic compounds may be associated with oxidative DNA damage-mediated childhood asthma. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 210:111864. [PMID: 33412282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important and ubiquitous air pollutants, which may lead to a significant increase in the prevalence of respiratory diseases. To investigate the relationships between VOCs exposure and childhood asthma, 252 asthmatic children and 69 healthy children were recruited. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage), trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (OH-Cot, a biomarker of passive smoking) and 27 VOC metabolites were simultaneously determined by an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer. Results showed that levels of 8-OHdG and most VOC metabolites in asthmatic children were significantly higher than those in healthy children. More than half of the VOC metabolites were significantly and positively associated with OH-Cot with maximal β coefficient of 0.169, suggesting that second-hand smoking is one important source of VOCs exposure for children in Guangzhou. Significant dose-response relationships between most VOC metabolites and 8-OHdG were observed. Each unit increase in ln-transformed VOC metabolite levels was significantly associated with 5.5-32% increase in ln-transformed 8-OHdG level. Moreover, each unit increase in ln-transformed 8-OHdG level was associated with an 896% increased odd ratios (OR) of asthma in children (OR = 9.96, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 4.75, 20.9), indicating that oxidative stress induced by VOCs exposure may have a significant impact on childhood asthma. Urinary 3-&4-Methylhippuric acid (3-&4-MHA, OR: 5.78, 95% CI: 3.50, 9.54), rac 2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA, OR: 2.90, 95% CI: 1.69, 4.99) and N-Acetyl-S-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine (DHBMA, OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.73, 4.43) which may derive from m/p-xylene, cyanide and 1,3-butadiene exposure, respectively, could significantly and maximally increase the odds of asthma. Interestingly, they also had the strongest associations with 8-OHdG among all investigated VOC metabolites. Moreover, DHBMA strongly correlated with most VOC metabolites. Hence, DHBMA is a suitable biomarker to indicate not only VOCs exposure profile, but also the DNA damage-mediated asthma induced by VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Kuang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School o f Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xuejing Lv
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Peiqiong Wu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianhua Tan
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou 511447, China
| | - Qiurong Wu
- Department of Mathematical Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wenhui Jiang
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qihua Pang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou 511447, China
| | - Ruifang Fan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School o f Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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Hu W, Wang Y, Wang T, Ji Q, Jia Q, Meng T, Ma S, Zhang Z, Li Y, Chen R, Dai Y, Luan Y, Sun Z, Leng S, Duan H, Zheng Y. Ambient particulate matter compositions and increased oxidative stress: Exposure-response analysis among high-level exposed population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 147:106341. [PMID: 33383389 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been suggested to be one of the key drivers of health impact of particulate matter (PM). More studies on the oxidative potential of PM alone, but fewer studies have comprehensively evaluated the effects of external and internal exposure to PM compositions on oxidative stress in population. OBJECTIVE To comprehensively investigate the exposure-response relationship between PM and its main compositions with oxidative stress indicators. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study including 768 participants exposed to particulates. Environmental levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals in PM were measured, and urinary levels of PAHs metabolites and metals were measured as internal dose, respectively. Multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze the correlations of PM exposure and urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2́'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) and malondialdehyde (MDA). RESULTS The concentration of both PM2.5 and total PAHs was significantly correlated with increased urinary 8-OHdG, 8-iso-PGF2α and MDA levels (all p < 0.05). The levels of 4 essential metals all showed significant exposure-response increase in urinary 8-OHdG in both current and non-current smokers (all p < 0.05); ambient selenium, cobalt and zinc were found to be significantly correlated with urinary 8-iso-PGF2α (p = 0.002, 0.003, 0.01, respectively); only selenium and cobalt were significantly correlated with urinary MDA (p < 0.001, 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, we found each one-unit increase in urinary total OH-PAHs generated a 0.32 increase in urinary 8-OHdG, a 0.22 increase in urinary 8-iso-PGF2α and a 0.19 increase in urinary MDA (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, it was found that the level of 12 urinary metals all showed significant and positive correlations with three oxidative stress biomarkers in all subjects (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our systematic molecular epidemiological study showed that particulate matter components could induce increased oxidative stress on DNA and lipid. It may be more important to monitor and control the harmful compositions in PM rather than overall particulate mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qianpeng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Tao Meng
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Sai Ma
- International Travel health Care Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihu Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Luan
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuguang Leng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Zou K, Wang S, Wang P, Duan X, Yang Y, Yazdi MD, Stowell J, Wang Y, Yao W, Wang W. Estimations of benchmark dose for urinary metabolites of coke oven emissions among workers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116434. [PMID: 33517169 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coke oven emissions (COEs), usually composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and so on, may alter the relative telomere length of exposed workers and have been linked with adverse health events. However, the relevant biological exposure limits of COEs exposure has not been evaluated from telomere damage. The purpose of this study is to estimate benchmark dose (BMD) of urinary PAHs metabolites from COEs exposure based on telomere damage with RTL as a biomarker. A total of 544 exposed workers and 238 controls were recruited for participation. High-performance liquid chromatography and qPCR were used to detect concentrations of urinary mono-hydroxylated PAHs and relative telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes for all subjects. The benchmark dose approach was used to estimate benchmark dose (BMD) and its lower 95% confidence limit (BMDL) of urinary OH-PAHs of COEs exposure based on telomere damage. Our results showed that telomere length in the exposure group (0.75 (0.51, 1.08)) was shorter than that in the control group (1.05 (0.76,1.44))(P < 0.05), and a dose-response relationship was shown between telomere damage and both 1-hydroxypyrene and 3-hydroxyphenanthrene in urine. The BMDL of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene from the optimal model for telomere damage was 1.96, 0.40, and 1.01 (μmol/mol creatinine) for the total, males, and females group, respectively. For 3-hydroxyphenanthrene, the BMDL was 0.94, 0.33, and 0.49 (μmol/mol creatinine) for the total, males, and females. These results contribute to our understanding of telomere damage induced by COEs exposure and provide a reference for setting potential biological exposure limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sihua Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, Henan Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoran Duan
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mahdieh Danesh Yazdi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer Stowell
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Department of Safety Management Office, Anyang Iron and Steel Group Corporation, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Yu Y, Peng M, Liu Y, Ma J, Wang N, Ma S, Feng N, Lu S. Co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates and their associations with oxidative stress damage in school children from South China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123390. [PMID: 32659584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs), phthalate metabolites (mPAEs), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the urine of school children aged 8-11 years from Shenzhen, China were measured in order to investigate oxidative stress damage from co-exposure to PAHs and PAEs. The concentrations of OH-PAHs and mPAEs in urine were 0.36-36.5 (median: 3.86) and 9.48-1609 (median: 240) ng/mL respectively. Gender and age did not influence urinary concentrations of ΣOH-PAHs and ΣmPAEs, but geographical variations (i.e., urban versus suburban) were observed. Levels of 8-OHdG were positively correlated with urinary OH-PAHs and mPAEs, with correlation coefficients (r) varying between 0.160 and 0.365 (p < 0.05). OH-PAHs made a greater contribution to oxidative DNA damage than mPAEs when these two types of pollutants were present at the same concentrations. Human health risks were assessed using the hazard quotient and the hazard index for the cumulative risk of a complex of chemicals. The results demonstrated that risks from PAHs could be neglected, but that 29.5 % of school children may be subject to obvious health risks from PAEs, especially diethylhexyl phthalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Peng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- School of Traffic and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, 518172, PR China
| | - Jinjing Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Nannan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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Wang Q, Xu X, Zeng Z, Hylkema MN, Cai Z, Huo X. PAH exposure is associated with enhanced risk for pediatric dyslipidemia through serum SOD reduction. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106132. [PMID: 32979814 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is linked to abnormal lipid metabolism, but evidence regarding PAHs as risk factors for dyslipidemia is lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate the respective role and interaction of PAH exposure and antioxidant consumption in the risk for pediatric dyslipidemia. METHODS We measured the concentrations of serum lipids, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and urinary hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) in 403 children, of which 203 were from an e-waste-exposed area (Guiyu) and 200 were from a reference area (Haojiang). Biological interactions were calculated by additive models. RESULTS Guiyu children had higher serum triglyceride concentration and dyslipidemia incidence, and lower serum concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) than Haojiang children. Elevated OH-PAH concentration, and concomitant SOD reduction, were both associated with lower HDL concentration and higher hypo-HDL risk (∑3OH-Phes: B for lgHDL = -0.048, P < 0.01; OR for hypo-HDL = 3.708, 95% CI: 1.200, 11.453; SOD: BT3 for lgHDL = 0.061, P < 0.01; ORT3 for hypo-HDL = 0.168, 95% CI: 0.030, 0.941; all were adjusted for confounders). Biological interaction between phenanthrol exposure and SOD reduction was linked to dyslipidemia risk (RERI = 2.783, AP = 0.498, S = 2.537). Children with both risk factors (higher ∑3OH-Phes and lower SOD) had 5.594-times (95% CI: 1.119, 27.958) the dyslipidemia risk than children with neither risk factors (lower ∑3OH-Phes and higher SOD). CONCLUSION High PAH exposure combined with SOD reduction is recommended for predicting elevated risk for pediatric dyslipidemia. Risk assessment of PAH-related dyslipidemia should take antioxidant concentration into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijun Zeng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Machteld N Hylkema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China.
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Fujita K, Haga Y, Yoshihara R, Matsumura C, Inui H. Suppression of the genes responsible for transporting hydrophobic pollutants leads to the production of safer crops. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140439. [PMID: 32887003 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic pollutants have become widely distributed across the world. From an agricultural perspective, their accumulation in crops from contaminated soil threatens food security and quality, leading to many diseases in humans. The Cucurbitaceae family can accumulate high concentrations of hydrophobic pollutants in their aerial parts. The Cucurbitaceae family contains major latex-like proteins (MLPs) as transporting factors for hydrophobic pollutants. MLP genes are expressed in the roots in which the MLPs bind hydrophobic pollutants. MLPs transport these hydrophobic pollutants to the aerial parts of the plant through the xylem vessels. As a result, hydrophobic pollutant contamination occurs in the Cucurbitaceae family. In this study, we suppressed the expression of MLP genes in the roots and reduced the amounts of MLPs with pesticide treatments. First, the fungicides Benlate and Daconil that deceased the hydrophobic pollutant, perylene, concentration in the xylem sap of zucchini plants were selected. Daconil suppressed the transcription activity of MLP in the roots. In the Daconil treatment, the amount of MLPs in the roots and xylem sap of zucchini plants was decreased, and the concentrations of the hydrophobic pollutants, pyrene and dieldrin, were significantly decreased. Our research contributes to the production of safer crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Fujita
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Haga
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, 3-1-18 Yukihiracho, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037, Japan
| | - Ryouhei Yoshihara
- Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chisato Matsumura
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, 3-1-18 Yukihiracho, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0037, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Inui
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
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Fujita K, Kondoh Y, Honda K, Haga Y, Osada H, Matsumura C, Inui H. Pesticide treatment reduces hydrophobic pollutant contamination in Cucurbita pepo through competitive binding to major latex-like proteins. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115179. [PMID: 32717636 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic pollutants are still present in agricultural soil. The Cucurbitaceae family accumulates hydrophobic pollutants through roots, resulting in the contamination of aerial parts. Major latex-like proteins (MLPs), found in the Cucurbitaceae family, play an important role in the contamination by binding to these hydrophobic pollutants. Thus far, efficient cultivation methods for the production of safe crops with lower concentrations of hydrophobic pollutants have not been developed. Herein, we competitively inhibited the binding of MLPs to hydrophobic pollutants, pyrene and dieldrin, in roots by using MLP binding pesticides. By conducting a chemical array screening, we found that MLPs bound compounds with indole- and quinazoline-like structures. Commercially available pesticides amisulbrom and pyrifluquinazon, which possess such structures, successfully inhibited the binding of MLPs to pyrene and dieldrin in vitro. When zucchini plants were cultivated in the contaminated soil with 1.25 mmol/kg pyrene and 12.5 μmol/kg dieldrin, the concentration of pyrene and dieldrin in xylem sap was significantly decreased by 30% and 15%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the pesticides binding to MLPs competitively inhibited the binding of MLPs to pyrene and dieldrin in roots, resulting in the reduction of overall contamination. This study proposes a novel approach to cultivate safer crops and advances the utilization of unknown functions of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Fujita
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Kondoh
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kaori Honda
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuki Haga
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, 3-1-18 Yukihiracho, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0037, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chisato Matsumura
- Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, 3-1-18 Yukihiracho, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0037, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Inui
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan; Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
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Zou K, Wang P, Duan X, Yang Y, Zhang H, Wang S, Shi L, Wang Y, Yao W, Wang W. Benchmark dose estimation for coke oven emissions based on oxidative damage in Chinese exposed workers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110889. [PMID: 32623235 PMCID: PMC7643142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Coke oven emissions (COEs) can cause oxidative stress of the body, which in turn induces the occupational lung disease and also increases the risk of other diseases. COEs are the major occupational hazard factors for coke oven workers. The aim of the study is to explore the influences of COEs exposure on oxidative damage and estimate the benchmark dose (BMD) of COEs. A group of 542 workers exposed to COEs and 237 healthy controls from the same city were recruited in this study. The corresponding measuring kits were used to determine the plasma biomarkers of oxidative damage level. Generalized linear models and trend tests were used to analyze the relationship between COEs exposure and biomarkers. EPA Benchmark Dose Software was performed to calculate BMD and the lower confidence limit of the benchmark dose (BMDL) of COEs exposure. A significant association was observed between COEs exposure and oxidative damage with T-AOC as a biomarker. The BMD of COEs exposure were 2.83 mg/m3 and 1.39 mg/m3 for males and females, respectively, and the corresponding BMDL were 1.47 mg/m3 and 0.75 mg/m3, respectively. Our results suggested that the exposure level of COEs below the current national occupational exposure limits (OELs) would induce oxidative damage, and the OEL of COEs based on the T-AOC damage was suggested at 0.03 mg/m3 in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoran Duan
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sihua Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, Henan Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Liuhua Shi
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Department of Safety Management Office, Anyang Iron and Steel Group Corporation, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Khosravipour M, Khosravipour H. The association between urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125680. [PMID: 32069705 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To examine the association between urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) and diabetes, online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched on July 17, 2019. Of the 668 articles identified through searching, six cross-sectional studies involving 24,406 participants were included. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was measured by reporting the I-square index. Moreover, subgroup analysis according to types of metabolites was performed. We found a significantly higher odds of diabetes in the highest versus the lowest category of urinary naphthalene (NAP), fluorine (FLU), phenanthrene (PHEN), and total OH-PAH metabolites. The pooled OR (95% CI) was estimated at 1.47 (1.17, 1.78), 1.50 (1.29, 1.71), 1.41 (1.21, 1.60), and 1.61 (1.01, 2.21), respectively. We also found a significant association per 1-fold increase in FLU (OR = 1.09, 95% CI [1.00, 1.19]) and PHEN (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.08, 1.30]) metabolites. In subgroup analysis stratified by types of OH-PAH metabolites, A significant stronger odds of diabetes was observed in the highest versus the lowest category of 2-PHEN (OR = 1.66, 95% CI [1.32, 2.00]), 2-NAP (OR = 1.66, 95% CI [1.16, 2.17]), 2-FLU (OR = 1.62, 95% CI [1.28, 1.97]), and 9-FLU (OR = 1.62, 95% CI [1.21, 2.04]) metabolites. Furthermore, there was a meaningfully greater likelihood of diabetes per 1-fold increase in 2-FLU (OR = 1.34, 95% CI [1.10, 1.57]), 2-PHEN (OR = 1.33, 95% CI [1.14, 1.51]), and 3-PHEN (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.04, 1.34]) metabolites. In conclusion, our study suggests the significant odds of association between urinary OH-PAH metabolites and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khosravipour
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hadis Khosravipour
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Peng M, Lu S, Yu Y, Liu S, Zhao Y, Li C, Ma S. Urinary monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in primiparas from Shenzhen, South China: Levels, risk factors, and oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113854. [PMID: 31918135 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main objectives of the present study were to investigate urinary monohydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) in 77 primiparas who live in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, and their association with 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and human health risks. High detection frequencies of OH-PAHs demonstrated the wide occurrence of chemicals in the human exposure to PAHs. The urinary concentrations of Σ7OH-PAHs ranged from 1.37 to 45.5 ng/mL, and the median concentrations of 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHN), 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHN), 2-hydoxyfluorene (2-OHF), ΣOHPhe (the sum of 1-, 2+ 3-hydroxyphenanthrene), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) were 3.00, 2.58, 0.31, 0.44, and 0.51 ng/mL, respectively. In the sum concentration of seven OH-PAHs, 1-OHN accounted for the largest proportion (43.7% of Σ7OH-PAHs), followed by 2-OHN (37.1%), 2-OHF (4.94%), 1-OHP (8.01%), 1-OHPhe (4.79%), and 2+3-OHPhe (1.46%). The present results showed that vehicle exhaust and petrochemical emission are the main sources of PAHs in primiparas in Shenzhen, and inhalation is the most important exposure route. The living conditions have a significant influence on human exposure to PAHs. The concentrations of 8-OHdG were positively correlated with OH-PAH concentrations in urine because evidence suggested that urinary 8-OHdG levels can be considered as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. Hazard quotient was used to assess the human health risks from exposure to single compound, and hazard index was used to assess the cumulative risks of the compounds, which demonstrated that the exposure risks from PAHs in primiparas were relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Peng
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Hou J, Yin W, Li P, Hu C, Xu T, Cheng J, Li T, Wang L, Yu Z, Yuan J. Joint effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates exposure on telomere length and lung function. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121663. [PMID: 31784133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates are linked to lung function decline and altered relative telomere length (RTL) accompanying with oxidative stress and inflammatory events in human body. However, limited data are available about impacts of co-exposure of PAHs and phthalates on lung function and RTL. We conducted a pilot study with repeated measures during the winter of 2014 and summer of 2015 in Wuhan city, China. Participants took part in the measures of lung function, RTL, urinary monohydroxylated-PAHs (OH-PAHs) and phthalate metabolites over three consecutive days in each season. Linear mixed-effect (LME) models and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to analyze the relations of OH-PAHs or phthalate metabolites with lung function or RTL. LME models showed the negative associations of 3-day average of hydroxyphenanthrene (2 + 3-, 4-OHPhe) or 1-hydroxypyrene with FEV1, 3-day average of 2 + 3-OHPhe with FVC. BKMR models revealed the negative relation of eight OH-PAHs with FEV1, FVC or RTL; nine phthalate metabolites may counteract an overall effect of eight OH-PAHs on FEV1, FVC or RTL. The findings indicated that urinary phthalate metabolites may counteract the negative association of urinary OH-PAHs on FEV1 or FVC, which may be partially linked to shorter RTL regarding biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenjun Yin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment and Resources, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tian Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment and Resources, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
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Electrospun core-shell nanofibers as an adsorbent for on-line micro-solid phase extraction of monohydroxy derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from human urine, and their quantitation by LC-MS. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 187:57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-4007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry for analysis of DNA damages induced by environmental exposure. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Peixoto MS, da Silva Junior FC, de Oliveira Galvão MF, Roubicek DA, de Oliveira Alves N, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR. Oxidative stress, mutagenic effects, and cell death induced by retene. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:518-527. [PMID: 31151012 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Retene (RET) is the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) released upon burning of cellulose, although it is not considered as one of the priority PAHs and is not included for risk assessments by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA). There are only a few studies concerning the toxic effects of RET. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one to examine whether RET, in an environmental concentration, plays a crucial role in the induction of oxidative stress in A549 lung cell line, and its consequence as such as mutagenicity and cell death. Our results revealed that RET was able to significantly decrease cell viability only at 72 h of exposure, increase oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial contents, leading an increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mutagenic activity was not detected in Salmonella strains, suggesting that RET does not induce base-pair substitution (TA100), frameshift (TA98 and TA97a) and transition/transversion (TA102) mutations. However, exposure to RET led to a significant increase in micronuclei (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs), and nuclear buds (NBUDs) frequency, as well as cell death, mainly due to necrosis. Taken together, the results of our study provide new evidence suggesting that RET promotes oxidative stress, contributes to the processes of genomic instability, and favors necrosis. Thus, we highlight the importance of including RET in routine environmental analyses in the future as a potential risk factor involved in complex diseases and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Simões Peixoto
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcos Felipe de Oliveira Galvão
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Unit of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Deborah Arnsdorff Roubicek
- Department of Environmental Analyses, São Paulo State Environmental Company, CETESB, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Luo K, Gao Q, Hu J. Determination of 3-Hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene Glucuronide/Sulfate Conjugates in Human Urine and Their Association with 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1367-1373. [PMID: 31204473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-OHBaP) is a preferable biomarker to assess human exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a sensitive and simple method is lacking. In this study, a specific and sensitive method based on liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was developed for direct analysis of 3-OHBaP glucuronide and sulfate conjugates in human urine samples without enzymatic hydrolysis. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.06 ng L-1 for BaP-3-sulfate (BaP-3-S) and 0.16 ng L-1 for BaP-3-glucuronide (BaP-3-G), which showed high sensitivity. Both compounds showed excellent linearity (r2 > 0.99) in the range of 0.01-10 μg L-1 in the instrumental calibration. The absolute recoveries of the target analytes spiked in human urine for the entire analytical procedure were 68.3 ± 4.96% (mean ± SD) and 63.7 ± 5.47% for BaP-3-S and BaP-3-G, respectively. This method was applied to quantify BaP-3-G and BaP-3-S in 150 urine samples collected from healthy volunteers. The mean concentration of BaP-3-S was 0.67 ng g-1 creatinine (<LOD to 10.20 ng g-1 creatinine), about 10-fold lower than that of BaP-3-G (6.73 ng g-1 creatinine, < LOD to 52.64 ng g-1 creatinine). For comparison, we also detected the concentration of free 3-OHBaP in 15 randomly selected samples without enzymatic hydrolysis and found at least >98% of 3-OHBaP is excreted mainly in these two conjugated forms in human urine. A statistically significant positive association was observed between urinary 3-OHBaP conjugates and urinary 8-OHdG levels (p < 0.001) in the general population. This study developed a sensitive and simple method to determine urinary glucuronide/sulfate conjugated BaP metabolites and for the first time found that BaP exposure associated with 8-OHdG levels in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Luo
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Qun Gao
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Jianying Hu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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50
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Kruk J, Aboul-Enein HY, Kładna A, Bowser JE. Oxidative stress in biological systems and its relation with pathophysiological functions: the effect of physical activity on cellular redox homeostasis. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:497-521. [PMID: 31039624 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1612059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The body of evidence from the past three decades demonstrates that oxidative stress can be involved in several diseases. This study aims to summarise the current state of knowledge on the association between oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of some characteristic to the biological systems diseases and aging process. This review also presents the effect of physical activity on redox homeostasis. There is strong evidence from studies for participation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases based on animal models and human studies. Elevated levels of pro-oxidants and various markers of the oxidative stress and cells and tissues damage linked with pathogenesis of cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, reproductive system diseases, and aging were reported. Evidence confirmed that inflammation contributes widely to multiple chronic diseases and is closely linked with oxidative stress. Regular moderate physical activity regulates oxidative stress enhancing cellular antioxidant defence mechanisms, whereas acute exercise not preceded by training can alter cellular redox homeostasis towards higher level of oxidative stress. Future studies are needed to clarify the multifaceted effects of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species on cells and tissues and to continue study on the biochemical roles of antioxidants and physical activity in prevention of oxidative stress-related tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kruk
- a Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion , University of Szczecin , Cukrowa 12 , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- b Department of National Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research , National Research Centre , Dokki , Egypt
| | - Aleksandra Kładna
- c Faculty of Medicine, Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Jacquelyn E Bowser
- d John Hazen White College of Arts & Sciences , Johnson & Wales University , Providence , USA
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