1
|
Cao H, Li Z, Jin T, He S, Liu S, Li L, Wang Y, Gong Y, Wang G, Yang F, Dong W. Maslinic acid supplementation prevents di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced apoptosis via PRDX6 in peritubular myoid cells of Chinese forest musk deer. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 143:47-59. [PMID: 38644023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Chinese forest musk deer (FMD), an endangered species, have exhibited low reproductive rates even in captivity due to stress conditions. Investigation revealed the presence of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an environmental endocrine disruptor, in the serum and skin of captive FMDs. Feeding FMDs with maslinic acid (MA) has been observed to alleviate the stress response and improve reproductive rates, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the alleviation of DEHP-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in primary peritubular myoid cells (PMCs) through MA intake. Primary PMCs were isolated and exposed to DEHP in vitro. The results demonstrated that DEHP significantly suppressed antioxidant levels and promoted cell apoptosis in primary PMCs. Moreover, interfering with the expression of PRDX6 was found to induce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell apoptosis in primary PMCs. Supplementation with MA significantly upregulated the expression of PRDX6, thereby attenuating DEHP-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in primary PMCs. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for mitigating stress levels and enhancing reproductive capacity of in captive FMDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heran Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhenpeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Qiyuan-Times Agri-Tech Development Co. Ltd., Shaanxi 725000, China
| | - Tianqi Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Biology Research Centre of Qin-Mountains Wildlife, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuyang He
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Biology Research Centre of Qin-Mountains Wildlife, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Biology Research Centre of Qin-Mountains Wildlife, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Biology Research Centre of Qin-Mountains Wildlife, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Qiyuan-Times Agri-Tech Development Co. Ltd., Shaanxi 725000, China
| | - Ye Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Qiyuan-Times Agri-Tech Development Co. Ltd., Shaanxi 725000, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shaanxi Qiyuan-Times Agri-Tech Development Co. Ltd., Shaanxi 725000, China
| | - Fangxia Yang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Biology Research Centre of Qin-Mountains Wildlife, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Wuzi Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China; Biology Research Centre of Qin-Mountains Wildlife, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Hu Z, Jin Y, Yang M, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Qiu S, Zou X. Exploring the relationships between exposure levels of bisphenols and phthalates and prostate cancer occurrence. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134736. [PMID: 38815394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We established an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneously analyzing the metabolites of bisphenols and phthalates in urine to identify the associations between these exposure levels and prostate cancer (PCa) based on a case-control study. After purifying urine samples with SPE, 18 metabolites were separated on a C18 column, and MS detection was performed. The UPLC-MS/MS method has been proven effective at evaluating bisphenol and phthalate exposure (0.020-0.20 μg/L of the limits of detection, 71.8 %∼119.4 % of recoveries, 0.4 %∼8.2 % of precision). Logistic regression explored the association between exposure level and PCa in 187 PCa cases and 151 controls. The detection rates of bisphenol A (BPA) and most phthalate metabolites were 100 % ranging from 0.06-46.74 and 0.12-899.92 μg/g creatinine, respectively, while the detection rates of other bisphenols and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) are low, ranging from 0 % to 21.85 %. Correlation analysis of the metabolite levels indicated that the exposure sources of BPA, di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were different, and that the exposure sources of di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP) may differ between two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that BPA (OR<0.45 vs ≥1.43 =10.02) and DEHP exposure (OR<21.75 vs ≥45.42 =48.26) increased the risk of PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zifan Hu
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuming Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xianghong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaoli Zou
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xia LZ, Liu LL, Yue JZ, Lu ZY, Deng RY, He X, Li CC, Hu B, Gao HT. Ameliorative effects of zinc and vitamin E against phthalates-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3330-3340. [PMID: 38440903 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phthalates (PEs) could cause reproductive harm to males. A mixture of three widely used PEs (MPEs) was used to investigate the ameliorative effects of zinc (Zn) and vitamin E (VE) against male reproductive toxicity. METHODS Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10). Rats in MPEs group were orally treated with 160 mg/kg/d MPEs, while rats in MPEs combined Zn and/or VE groups were treated with 160 mg/kg/d MPEs plus 25 mg/kg/d Zn and/or 25 mg/kg/d VE. After intervention for 70 days, it's was measured of male reproductive organs' weight, histopathological observation of sperms and testes, serum hormones, PIWI proteins and steroidogenic proteins. RESULTS Compared with control, anogenital distance, testes weight, epididymides weight, and sex hormones were significantly decreased, while the sperm malformation rate was markedly increased in MPEs group (p < .05); the testicular tissues were injured in MPEs group with disordered and decreased spermatids, and arrested spermatogenesis. PIWIL1, PIWIL2, StAR, CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 were down-regulated in MPEs group (p < .05). However, the alterations of these parameters were restored in MPEs combined Zn and/or VE groups (p < .05). CONCLUSION Zn and/or VE improved steroid hormone metabolism, and inhibited MPEs' male reproductive toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zi Xia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Lan Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Zhe Yue
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ru-Ya Deng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Can-Can Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Burong Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin S, den Ouden F, Cleys P, Klimowska A, Bombeke J, Poma G, Covaci A. Personal environmental exposure to plasticizers and organophosphate flame retardants using silicone wristbands and urine: Patterns, comparisons, and correlations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172187. [PMID: 38582107 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Plasticizers (PLs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are ubiquitous in the environment due to their widespread use and potential for leaching from consumer products. Environmental exposure is a critical aspect of the human exposome, revealing complex interactions between environmental contaminants and potential health effects. Silicone wristbands (SWBs) have emerged as a novel and non-invasive sampling device for assessing personal external exposure. In this study, SWBs were used as a proxy to estimate personal dermal adsorption (EDdermal) to PLs and OPFRs in Belgian participants for one week; four morning urine samples were also collected and analyzed for estimated daily intake (EDI). The results of the SWBs samples showed that all the participants were exposed to these chemicals, and the exposure was found to be highest for the legacy and alternative plasticizers (LP and AP), followed by the legacy and emerging OPFRs (LOPFR and EOPFR). In urine samples, the highest levels were observed for metabolites of diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) among LPs and di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT) for APs. Outliers among the participants indicated that there were other sources of exposure that were not identified. Results showed a significant correlation between EDdermal and EDI for DiBP, tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPhP). These correlations indicated their suitability for predicting exposure via SWB monitoring for total chemical exposure. The results of this pilot study advance our understanding of SWB sampling and its relevance for predicting aggregate environmental chemical exposures, while highlighting the potential of SWBs as low-cost, non-invasive personal samplers for future research. This innovative approach has the potential to advance the assessment of environmental exposures and their impact on public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Fatima den Ouden
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Paulien Cleys
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anna Klimowska
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jasper Bombeke
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oh J, Schweitzer JB, Buckley JP, Upadhyaya S, Kannan K, Herbstman JB, Ghassabian A, Schmidt RJ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Bennett DH. Early childhood exposures to phthalates in association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence in the ReCHARGE study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 259:114377. [PMID: 38692176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life exposure to phthalates alters behaviors in animals. However, epidemiological evidence on childhood phthalate exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors is limited. METHODS This study included 243 children from the ReCHARGE (Revisiting Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment) study, who were previously classified as having autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay, other early concerns, and typical development in the CHARGE case-control study. Twenty phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples collected from children aged 2-5 years. Parents reported on children's ADHD symptoms at ages 8-18 years using Conners-3 Parent Rating Scale. Covariate-adjusted negative binomial generalized linear models were used to investigate associations between individual phthalate metabolite concentrations and raw scores. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression with repeated holdout validation was used to examine mixture effects of phthalate metabolites on behavioral scores. Effect modification by child sex was evaluated. RESULTS Among 12 phthalate metabolites detected in >75% of the samples, higher mono-2-heptyl phthalate (MHPP) was associated with higher scores on Inattentive (β per doubling = 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.08) and Hyperactive/Impulsive scales (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.07), especially among children with ASD. Higher mono-carboxy isooctyl phthalate (MCiOP) was associated with higher Hyperactivity/Impulsivity scores (β = 0.07, 95% CI: -0.01, 0.15), especially among typically developing children. The associations of the molar sum of high molecular weight (HMW) phthalate metabolites and a phthalate metabolite mixture with Hyperactivity/Impulsivity scores were modified by sex, showing more pronounced adverse associations among females. CONCLUSION Exposure to phthalates during early childhood may impact ADHD behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence, particularly among females. Although our findings may not be broadly generalizable due to the diverse diagnostic profiles within our study population, our robust findings on sex-specific associations warrant further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Oh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Julie B Schweitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sudhi Upadhyaya
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Julie B Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Pediatrics and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; UC Davis MIND (Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deborah H Bennett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meng M, Yang Y, Song L, Peng J, Li S, Gao Z, Bu Y, Gao J. Association between urinary phthalates and phthalate metabolites and cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29684. [PMID: 38665549 PMCID: PMC11044039 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phthalates, widely utilized in industrial products, are classified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Although certain phthalate and their metabolites have been implicated in cancer development, the reported findings have exhibited inconsistencies. Therefore, we conducted the comprehensive literature search to assess the association between phthalate and their metabolites and cancer risk by identifying original studies measuring phthalates or their metabolites and reporting their correlation with cancer until July 4, 2023. The Odds Ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and analyzed to estimate the risk. Pooled data from eleven studies, including 3101 cancer patients and 6858 controls, were analyzed using a fixed- or random-effects model based on heterogeneity tests. When comparing extreme categories of different phthalates and their metabolites, we observed a significant association between urinary phthalates and phthalate metabolites (MEHHP, MECPP, DBP and MBzP) and cancer risk. The findings of our meta-analysis reinforce the existing evidence that urinary phthalates and phthalate metabolites is strongly associated with cancer development. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this association. These results may offer novel insights into cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Biobank Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengjun Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youquan Bu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu W, Jiang W, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Li G, Tang C. Phthalate exposure aggravates periodontitis by activating NFκB pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116252. [PMID: 38547731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are widely used plasticizers, which were identified as risk factors in the development of many human diseases. However, the effects of phthalates in the periodontitis are unknown. We aimed to investigated the relationship of periodontitis and phthalate exposure as well as the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were employed to evaluate the association between phthalate metabolites and periodontitis. The generalized additive model and piecewise logistic regression were conducted to investigate the dose-response relationship. Cell and animal models were used to explore the role and mechanism of DEHP in the development of periodontitis. Transcriptome sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, western blot, immunofluorescence and mice model of periodontitis were also employed. RESULTS MEHP (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.24), MCPP (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.00-1.17), MEHHP (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.08-1.29), MEOHP (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.29), MiBP (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.28), and MECPP (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.32) were independent risk factors. And MEHHP, the metabolite of DEHP, showed the relative most important effects on periodontitis with the highest weight (0.34) among all risk factors assessed. And the increase of inflammation and the activation of NFκB pathway in the periodontitis model mice and cells were observed. CONCLUSION Exposure to multiple phthalates was positively associated with periodontitis in US adults between 30 and 80 years old. And DEHP aggravated inflammation in periodontitis by activating NFκB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxiu Jiang
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Department of Orthodontic, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yongmiao Zhou
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhewei Zhang
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunbo Tang
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Junaid M, Sultan M, Liu S, Hamid N, Yue Q, Pei DS, Wang J, Appenzeller BMR. A meta-analysis highlighting the increasing relevance of the hair matrix in exposure assessment to organic pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170535. [PMID: 38307287 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Owing to a wide range of advantages, such as stability, non-invasiveness, and ease of sampling, hair has been used progressively for comprehensive biomonitoring of organic pollutants for the last three decades. This has led to the development of new analytical and multi-class analysis methods for the assessment of a broad range of organic pollutants in various population groups, ranging from small-scale studies to advanced studies with a large number of participants based on different exposure settings. This meta-analysis summarizes the existing literature on the assessment of organic pollutants in hair in terms of residue levels, the correlation of hair residue levels with those of other biological matrices and socio-demographic factors, the reliability of hair versus other biomatrices for exposure assessment, the use of segmental hair analysis for chronic exposure evaluation and the effect of external contamination on hair residue levels. Significantly high concentrations of organic pollutants such as pesticides, flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon were reported in human hair samples from different regions and under different exposure settings. Similarly, high concentrations of pesticides (from agricultural activities), flame retardants (E-waste dismantling activities), dioxins and furans were observed in various occupational settings. Moreover, significant correlations (p < 0.05) for hair and blood concentrations were observed in majority of studies featuring pesticides and flame retardants. While among sociodemographic factors, gender and age significantly affected the hair concentrations in females and children in general exposure settings, whereas adult workers in occupational settings. Furthermore, the assessment of the hair burden of persistent organic pollutants in domestic and wild animals showed high concentrations for pesticides such as HCHs and DDTs whereas the laboratory-based studies using animals demonstrated strong correlations between exposure dose, exposure duration, and measured organic pollutant levels, mainly for chlorpyrifos, diazinon, terbuthylazine, aldrin, dieldrin and pyrethroid metabolites. Considering the critical analysis of the results obtained from literature review, hair is regarded as a reliable matrix for organic pollutant assessment; however, some limitations, as discussed in this review, need to be overcome to reinforce the status of hair as a suitable matrix for exposure assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China; Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Marriya Sultan
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shulin Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Naima Hamid
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Qiang Yue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Brice M R Appenzeller
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Glinka M, Jażdżewska K, Vakh C, Drążkowska I, Bagińska E, Majchrzak T, Młynarczyk M, Rachoń D, Wasik A, Płotka-Wasylka J. Assessment of baby disposable diapers application for urine collection and determination of phthalate metabolites. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116033. [PMID: 38335581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The baby disposable diapers were investigated as a sampling material for urine collection and validated for the evaluation of the exposure of children to xenobiotics. Phthalate metabolites detected in urine samples were chosen as proof-of-concept analytes. For the determination of phthalate metabolites in children's urine samples, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used. Two sampling approaches were compared, namely sterile containers and baby disposable diapers. Thirty urine samples from infants and toddlers were analyzed by both methods in parallel and the results were compared. It was found that for diaper sampling, lower concentrations of the metabolites were observed, however, the general distribution for particular metabolites remains the same for both methods. For most of the metabolites high determination coefficients were obtained, namely 0.9929 for MEHHP, 0.9836 for MMP, 0.9796 for MECPP, and 0.9784 for 2-cx-MMHP. For MEOHP the determination correlation coefficient was 0.9154, while for MBP was - 0.7771 and MEHP was - 0.5228. In general, for diaper sampling an underestimation for 2-cx-MMHP and MEOHP was observed, while for MMP diaper-based approach provides overestimation. However, the proposed procedure confirms the possibility of using baby disposable diapers as a material for the collection of urine samples for biomonitoring purposes and fast screening of phthalates exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Glinka
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jażdżewska
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Poland
| | - Christina Vakh
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Poland; EcoTech Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Izabela Drążkowska
- Department of Neonatology, University Clinical Centre, Gdańsk, Poland; Division of Neonatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Bagińska
- Department of Neonatology, University Clinical Centre, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Majchrzak
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Poland
| | - Michał Młynarczyk
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Poland
| | - Dominik Rachoń
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wasik
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Poland
| | - Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Poland; BioTechMed Center, Research Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen Z, Li F, Fu L, Xia Y, Luo Y, Guo A, Zhu X, Zhong H, Luo Q. Role of inflammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolic abnormalities induced by plastic additives exposure in childhood asthma. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:172-180. [PMID: 37980005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism play an essential role in occurrence and development of asthma, and it can be disturbed by phthalate esters (PAEs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs). As a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease, the occurrence risk of childhood asthma is increased by PAEs and OPFRs exposure, but it remains not entirely clear how PAEs and OPFRs contribute the onset and progress of the disease. We have profiled the serum levels of PAEs and OPFRs congeners by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and its relationships with the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in asthmatic, bronchitic (acute inflammation) and healthy (non-inflammation) children. Eight PAEs and nine OPFRs congeners were found in the serum of children (1 - 5 years old) from Shenzhen, and their total median levels were 615.16 ng/mL and 17.06 ng/mL, respectively. Moreover, the serum levels of mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), tri-propyl phosphate (TPP) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TNBP) were significant higher in asthmatic children than in healthy and bronchitic children as control. Thirty-one characteristic lipids and fatty acids of asthma were screened by machine-learning random forest model based on serum lipidome data, and the alterations of inflammatory characteristic lipids and fatty acids including palmitic acids, 12,13-DiHODE, 14,21-DiHDHA, prostaglandin D2 and LysoPA(18:2) showed significant correlated with high serum levels of MMP, TPP and TNBP. These results imply PAEs and OPFRs promote the occurrence of childhood asthma via disrupting inflammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolism, and provide a novel sight for better understanding the effects of plastic additives on childhood asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Lei Fu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Rheumatology &Immunology Department of Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Rheumatology &Immunology Department of Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Ang Guo
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaona Zhu
- Rheumatology &Immunology Department of Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Huifang Zhong
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Xiao M, Huang K, Cui J, Liu H, Yu Y, Ma S, Liu X, Lin M. Phthalate metabolites in breast milk from mothers in Southern China: Occurrence, temporal trends, daily intake, and risk assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:132895. [PMID: 37976856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The extensive production and use of phthalates means that these compounds are now ubiquitous in the environment and various biota, which raises concerns about potential harmful health effects. In this study, phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) were measured in breast milk (n = 100) collected from mothers of southern China between 2014 - 2022. Of the nine target mPAEs, five were detected in all of the samples, including mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP). The total levels of mPAEs in breast milk ranged from 4.76 to 51.6 ng/mL, with MiBP and MnBP being the predominant isomers (MiBP + MnBP > 48.3%). Increasing trends were observed in MMP (5.7%/year) and MEHP (7.1%/year) levels during the study period, while a decreasing trend were observed in MiBP (-6.6%/year); no clear temporal trends were found for the other metabolites and total mPAE levels. The results indicate that exposure to phthalates is still prevalent in southern China. Breastfeeding was found to contribute to estimated daily phthalate intakes of 0.383-6.95 μg/kg-bw/day, suggesting insignificant health risks to infants based on dietary exposure. However, the increasing exposure to MMP and MEHP calls for more research into the possible sources and potential risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Minhua Xiao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, PR China
| | - Kaiqin Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Juntao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China
| | - Xihong Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, PR China.
| | - Meiqing Lin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Feng Y, Li J, Ai Y, Cheng Y, Yang L, Han L, Chen M. Exposure risk assessment of representative phthalate acid esters and associated plastic debris under the agricultural land use in typical Chinese regions. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141059. [PMID: 38163469 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are frequently detected in the global environment and can cause potential health hazards. In this study, quantitative exposure risk assessment was undertaken to derive soil generic assessment criteria (GAC) for six representative PAEs under the agricultural land use in the evaluated Chinese regions, which coupled multi-media transport and human exposure models based on multiple exposure pathways including vegetables consumption, dermal absorption, ingestion of soil and dust, and the exposure from non-soil sources. It is identified that the PAEs in agricultural soil are dominated by DEHP and DnBP representing 72-96% of the total PAEs. The GAC for BBP and DEHP, calculated on the basis of region-specific exposure parameters and soil properties in various locations, are stringent, signifying greater potential health risks from exposure to them, warranting more rigorous contamination management. The proposed soil GAC for plastic debris are 100, 107, 73 and 88 mg kg-1 for Heilongjiang Province, Beijing City, Jiangsu and Guangdong Provinces respectively. Additionally, the potential risks of 1.68 × 10-6 and 7 × 10-6 are identified for BBP and DEHP in Guangdong Province as indicated by the exceedance of target risk level of 1 × 10-6, with the consumption of vegetables being the dominant contributor to the total estimated PAEs exposure. Overall, this methodology based on the coupled contaminant transport and exposure models incorporating region-specific data provides a technical framework to derive science-based soil GAC for representative PAEs for maintaining and assessing soil quality and food safety under the agricultural land use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Soil and Groundwater Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Soil and Groundwater Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Jinghongze Environmental Technology Co Ltd, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Yulu Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Soil and Groundwater Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Yikang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Soil and Groundwater Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Soil and Groundwater Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Lu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Soil and Groundwater Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Mengfang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Soil and Groundwater Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xia LZ, Liu LL, Yue JZ, Lu ZY, Zheng J, Jiang MZ, Lin M, Liu J, Gao HT. Alleviative effect of quercetin against reproductive toxicity induced by chronic exposure to the mixture of phthalates in male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115920. [PMID: 38171105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates (PEs) are widely used plasticizers in polymer products, and humans are increasingly exposed to them. This study was designed to investigate the alleviative effect of phytochemicals quercetin (Que) against male reproductive toxicity caused by the mixture of three commonly used PEs (MPEs), and further to explore the underlying mechanism. Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly and evenly divided into control group, Que group, MPEs group and MPEs+Que group (n = 12); The oral exposure doses of MPEs and Que were 450 mg/kg/d and 50 mg/kg/d, respectively. After 91 days of continuous intervention, compared with control group, the testes weight, epididymis weight, serum sex hormones, and anogenital distance were significantly decreased in MPEs group (P < 0.05); Testicular histopathological observation showed that all seminiferous tubules were atrophy, leydig cells were hyperplasia, spermatogenic cells growth were arrested in MPEs group. Ultrastructural observation of testicular germ cells showed that the edges of the nuclear membranes were indistinct, and the mitochondria were severely damaged with the cristae disrupted, decreased or even disappeared in MPEs group. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed that testicular CYP11A1, CYP17A1 and 17β-HSD were up-regulated, while StAR, PIWIL1 and PIWIL2 were down-regulated in MPEs group (P < 0.05); However, the alterations of these parameters were restored in MPEs+Que group. The results indicated MPEs disturbed steroid hormone metabolism, and caused male reproductive injuries; whereas, Que could inhibit MPEs' male reproductive toxicity, which might relate to the restored regulation of steroid hormone metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zi Xia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li-Lan Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jun-Zhe Yue
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Min Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Hai-Tao Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Pathology and Physiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bai X, Pan K, Shoaib N, Sun X, Wu X, Zhang L. Status of phthalate esters pollution in facility agriculture across China: Spatial distribution, risk assessment, and remediation measures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168416. [PMID: 37944601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The pervasive utilization of phthalate esters (PAEs) in plastic products has led to an emergent concern regarding the PAEs contamination in environmental matrices. However, the overall understanding of PAEs pollution in facility agriculture and its relevant risks remain limited. In this paper, the characteristics, health risks, and remediation measures of PAEs pollution in facility agriculture across China were analyzed. In general, PAEs pollution in facility agriculture soil in SWC and vegetables in SC were more serious than that in the other six regions (p < 0.05). The total level of six PAEs ranged from 0.053 to 5.663 mg·kg-1 in soil samples, nd (not detectable) to 12.540 mg·kg-1 in vegetable samples, with mean values of 0.951 mg·kg-1 and 2.458 mg·kg-1, respectively. DEHP and DnBP were dominant in both soil and vegetable samples with a total contribution of over 70 % of the six PAEs, but their concentrations were a little lower in soil samples. The PAEs concentrations of leafy, root, and fruit vegetables exhibited a descending trend. Correlation analysis revealed that the relationships between soil and vegetable PAEs concentrations remained inconclusive, lacking clear correlations. Furthermore, risk assessments indicated that the hazard quotient (HQ) for both total and individual PAEs in the vast majority of vegetable samples remained within acceptable thresholds. Meanwhile, all values for carcinogenic risks (CR) were confined within the range of 10-4. In conclusion, the study outlines remediation measures aimed at precluding and mitigating the environmental risks associated with PAEs exposure. These findings furnish a scientific foundation for the targeted assessment and judicious management of PAEs pollution within facility agriculture landscape of China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Noman Shoaib
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li X, Zheng N, Yu Y, Zhang W, Sun S, An Q, Li Z, Ji Y, Wang S, Shi Y, Li W. Individual and combined effects of phthalate metabolites on eczema in the United States population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117459. [PMID: 37914015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates might trigger immune dysregulation. The relationship between a phthalate mixture exposure and eczema remains unclear. To address this research gap, four statistical models were used to investigate the individual, combined, and interaction relationships between monoesters of phthalates (MPAEs) and eczema, including the logistic regression, weighted quantile sum regression (WQS), quantile g computation (qg-computation), and bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Moreover, subgroup analyses were performed by sex and age. After adjusting for all covariates, the logistic regression model suggested a positive correlation between mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) and eczema. Subgroup analysis suggested that the effect of the MPAEs on eczema was predominantly present in men and children. In the WQS model, the joint effect of 11 MPAEs on eczema was marginally significant [odds ratio = 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.97-1.90]. Moreover, a positive association was observed between the combined exposure to 11 MPAEs and eczema in the BKMR model. MCPP and mono-(carboxynonyl) phthalate were the most substantial risk factors based on the results of WQS and qg-computation models. The exposure to a mixture of MPAEs may lead to an elevated prevalence of eczema in the United States population, with men and children being particularly vulnerable to their effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Qirui An
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Zimeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Yining Ji
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Sujing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wanlei Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alves Rocha B, Gallimberti M, Paulo Bianchi Ximenez J, Giovana Basso C, Joel Martino-Andrade A, Martin Koch H, Augusto Calixto L, Barbosa F. An eco-friendly sample preparation procedure based on air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction for the rapid determination of phthalate metabolites in urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2024; 266:124974. [PMID: 37494769 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Urinary phthalate metabolite (mPAEs) analysis is a reliable tool for assessing human exposure to phthalates. With growing interest in urinary biomonitoring of these metabolites, there is a need for fast and sensitive analytical methods. Therefore, a simple, rapid procedure for simultaneous determination of fifteen phthalate metabolites in human urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed. The novelty of the present procedure is based on the use of diethyl carbonate as a green biobased extraction solvent and air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (AALLME) as a sample preparation step. A Plackett-Burman design was used for screening the factors that influence the AALLME extraction efficiency of mPAEs. The effective factors were then optimized by response surface methodology using a central composite rotatable design. Under the optimized conditions, good linearity can be achieved in a concentration range of 1.0-20.0 ng mL-1 with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. The repeatability and reproducibility precision were in the range of 2-12% and 1-10% respectively. Recoveries ranging from 90% to 110%. This, and the low limits of detection, ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 ng mL-1, make the proposed procedure sensitive and suitable for human biomonitoring of phthalate exposures. For proof-of-principle, the new method was used to measure the urinary concentrations of mPAEs in 20 urine samples from Brazilian women. The high frequency of detections and in part high concentrations of mPAEs indicate to widespread exposure to several phthalates among Brazilian women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Alves Rocha
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Gallimberti
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bianchi Ximenez
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Carla Giovana Basso
- Department of Physiology, Animal Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Anderson Joel Martino-Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Animal Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Holger Martin Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Leandro Augusto Calixto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 099972-270, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lallmahomed A, Mercier F, Costet N, Fillol C, Bonvallot N, Le Bot B. Characterization of organic contaminants in hair for biomonitoring purposes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108419. [PMID: 38185045 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Biological monitoring is one way to assess human exposure to contaminants. Blood and urine are often used as biological matrices, but hair is an innovative and effective tool for quantifying more biomarkers over a wider exposure window. In order to improve the use of hair in exposure assessment, this article identifies relevant compounds in the literature to investigate hair contamination. Statistical analysis was performed to correlate the physical-chemical properties of the relevant compounds and their concentration levels in hair. Phthalates, pyrethroids and organophosphate flame retardants were chosen for further study of the interpretation of hair measurements for exposure assessment. No significant correlation was found between the average concentration levels in the literature and the physical-chemical properties of the selected compounds. This work also explores the properties of hair and the analytical process that may impact the quantification of organic contaminants in hair. The sample preparation method (sampling, storage, washing) were also studied and adaptations were suggested to improve the existing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashna Lallmahomed
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabien Mercier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Costet
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Clémence Fillol
- Direction of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé publique France, Saint Maurice Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Bonvallot
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Barbara Le Bot
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maddela NR, Kakarla D, Venkateswarlu K, Megharaj M. Additives of plastics: Entry into the environment and potential risks to human and ecological health. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119364. [PMID: 37866190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
A steep rise in global plastic production and significant discharge of plastic waste are expected in the near future. Plastics pose a threat to the ecosystem and human health through the generation of particulate plastics that act as carriers for other emerging contaminants, and the release of toxic chemical additives. Since plastic additives are not covalently bound, they can freely leach into the environment. Due to their occurrence in various environmental settings, the additives exert significant ecotoxicity. However, only 25% of plastic additives have been characterized for their potential ecological concern. Despite global market statistics highlighting the substantial environmental burden caused by the unrestricted production and use of plastic additives, information on their ecotoxicity remains incomplete. By focusing on the ecological impacts of plastic additives, the present review aims to provide detailed insights into the following aspects: (i) diversity and occurrence in the environment, (ii) leaching from plastic materials, (iii) trophic transfer, (iv) human exposure, (v) risks to ecosystem and human health, and (vi) legal guidelines and mitigation strategies. These insights are of immense value in restricting the use of toxic additives, searching for eco-friendly alternatives, and establishing or revising guidelines on plastic additives by global health and environmental agencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, 130105, Ecuador
| | - Dhatri Kakarla
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, India
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering Science and Environment, ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Eckert E, Kuhlmann L, Göen T, Münch F. Assessment of the plasticizer exposure of hospital workers regularly handling medical devices: A pilot study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117028. [PMID: 37657602 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Plastic medical devices, e.g. infusion sets, blood bags or tubing material, that are used manifold in the medical treatment of hospital patients, usually contain considerable amounts of plasticizers. Whereas several studies showed highly elevated inner plasticizer levels of patients treated with plasticized medical devices, little is known about the exposure situation of hospital staff. The present pilot study aimed to evaluate the urinary plasticizer metabolite levels of selected hospital workers of the blood bank (medical technical assistants, MTA) and of perfusionists that are regularly handling plasticized medical devices in order to estimate the work-related amount of the inner individual plasticizer exposure. The study subjects were asked to collect pre- and post-shift spot urine samples over the course of a working week, that were subsequently analyzed for selected urinary metabolites of the plasticizers DEHP, DINCH, DEHTP and TEHTM. Although the observed differences were rather low, a differentiated approach revealed a perceptible impact of the respective workplace environment on the individual urinary plasticizer metabolite levels. Thus, the group of blood bank MTA showed significantly elevated increment levels of urinary DEHP and DINCH metabolites, while the group of perfusionists, showed a considerable higher detection frequency of the main urinary TEHTM metabolite. All in all, however, it can be cautiously concluded by the results of the presented pilot study that a regular handling of plasticized medical devices by hospital employees (via inhalation or dermal contact) contributes demonstrably but yet only marginally to the individual internal plasticizer exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Eckert
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestr. 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Department of Risk Assessment, Eggenreuther Weg 43, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Laura Kuhlmann
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestr. 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Göen
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestr. 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Münch
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fu L, Song S, Luo X, Luo Y, Guo C, Liu Y, Luo X, Zeng L, Tan L. Unraveling the contribution of dietary intake to human phthalate internal exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122580. [PMID: 37734633 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to phthalates (PAEs) occurs primarily through diet, but the contribution of dietary exposure to the total internal exposure of PAEs has not been well studied. This work investigated the relationship between dietary exposure and human internal exposure to PAEs. Daily food samples were determined to evaluate the health risk of dietary exposure, and phthalate metabolites (mPAEs) were determined from urine samples of 360 volunteers of Guangzhou to assess their internal exposure. The total mPAEs concentration in the urine samples ranged from 8.43 to 1872 ng/mL, with mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), and mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) being the most predominant mPAEs. The concentration of PAEs in food ranged from n.d-40200 μg/kg, and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the most prevalent. PAE exposure was significantly associated with age, and children exhibited the highest concentration of mPAEs. Using Monte Carlo simulation to estimate PAE exposure's health risk eliminated uncertainties caused by single-point sampling and provided more reliable statistical results. The hazard quotient (HQ) was used to evaluate PAE exposure health risks. The results showed that 37% of the volunteers had HQ levels higher than 1 based on urinary mPAE concentrations, while 24% of the volunteers had HQ levels greater than 1 because of dietary exposure to PAEs. Dietary intake was the predominant exposure route for PAEs, and accounted for approximately 65% (24% out of 37%) of the cases where HQ levels exceeded 1. The work revealed the correlation between dietary external and internal exposure to PAEs, and further studies are needed to better understand the implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Shaofang Song
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Xinni Luo
- Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Yangxu Luo
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Chongshan Guo
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Lixi Zeng
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Papaioannou C, Geladakis G, Kommata V, Batargias C, Lagoumintzis G. Insights in Pharmaceutical Pollution: The Prospective Role of eDNA Metabarcoding. TOXICS 2023; 11:903. [PMID: 37999555 PMCID: PMC10675236 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a growing threat to natural ecosystems and one of the world's most pressing concerns. The increasing worldwide use of pharmaceuticals has elevated their status as significant emerging contaminants. Pharmaceuticals enter aquatic environments through multiple pathways related to anthropogenic activity. Their high consumption, insufficient waste treatment, and the incapacity of organisms to completely metabolize them contribute to their accumulation in aquatic environments, posing a threat to all life forms. Various analytical methods have been used to quantify pharmaceuticals. Biotechnology advancements based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, like eDNA metabarcoding, have enabled the development of new methods for assessing and monitoring the ecotoxicological effects of pharmaceuticals. eDNA metabarcoding is a valuable biomonitoring tool for pharmaceutical pollution because it (a) provides an efficient method to assess and predict pollution status, (b) identifies pollution sources, (c) tracks changes in pharmaceutical pollution levels over time, (d) assesses the ecological impact of pharmaceutical pollution, (e) helps prioritize cleanup and mitigation efforts, and (f) offers insights into the diversity and composition of microbial and other bioindicator communities. This review highlights the issue of aquatic pharmaceutical pollution while emphasizing the importance of using modern NGS-based biomonitoring actions to assess its environmental effects more consistently and effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia Papaioannou
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (C.P.); (G.G.); (V.K.)
| | - George Geladakis
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (C.P.); (G.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Vasiliki Kommata
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (C.P.); (G.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Costas Batargias
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (C.P.); (G.G.); (V.K.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xiong D, Chen Y, Zhu S, Liu L, Zhao L, Zeng C, Li Y, Wang H, Tu L, Zou K, Hou X, Yang L, Zhu L, Bai T. Exploring the relationship between urinary phthalate metabolites and Crohn's disease via oxidative stress, and the potential moderating role of gut microbiota: A conditional mediation model. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:468-477. [PMID: 37690673 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interactions between phthalic acid esters (PAEs) exposure and Crohn's disease (CD) were unknown. This study aims to examine the association between exposure to PAEs and CD activity and to explore the roles of oxidative stress and microbiota. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 127 CD patients was conducted. The disease activity was evaluated based on symptoms (Harvey-Bradshaw index, HBI), endoscopy findings (Simple Endoscopic Score for CD, SES-CD), and computed tomography enterography (CTE-scores). Ten urinary PAEs metabolites (mPAEs), two urinary oxidative stress biomarkers, including 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), as well as 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples were determined. Multiple linear regression models and Hayes's PROCESS macro for SPSS were used to evaluate the interplays between urinary PAEs metabolites, CD activities, oxidative stress, and microbiota diversity. RESULTS There were positive associations between most mPAEs and HBI. Oxidative stress mediated 20.69-89.29% of the indirect associations between low molecular weight (LMW) mPAEs and HBI, while the majority of the high molecular weight (HMW) mPAEs were directly associated with HBI. In addition, microbiota diversity moderated the indirect associations of LMW mPAEs on HBI. CONCLUSIONS PAEs exposure was related to CD activity, and the association could be mediated by oxidative stress and reversed or alleviated by rich gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danping Xiong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Youli Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siran Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Zeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaifang Zou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangle Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liangru Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tao Bai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dueñas-Moreno J, Mora A, Kumar M, Meng XZ, Mahlknecht J. Worldwide risk assessment of phthalates and bisphenol A in humans: The need for updating guidelines. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108294. [PMID: 37935082 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are compounds widely used as raw materials in the production of plastics, making them ubiquitous in our daily lives. This results in widespread human exposure and human health hazards. Although efforts have been conducted to evaluate the risk of these compounds in diverse regions around the world, data scattering may mask important trends that could be useful for updating current guidelines and regulations. This study offers a comprehensive global assessment of human exposure levels to these chemicals, considering dietary and nondietary ingestion, and evaluates the associated risk. Overall, the exposure daily intake (EDI) values of phthalates and BPA reported worldwide ranged from 1.11 × 10-7 to 3 700 µg kg bw-1 d-1 and from 3.00 × 10-5 to 6.56 µg kg bw-1 d-1, respectively. Nevertheless, the dose-additive effect of phthalates has been shown to increase the EDI up to 5 100 µg kg bw-1 d-1, representing a high risk in terms of noncarcinogenic (HQ) and carcinogenic (CR) effects. The worldwide HQ values of phthalates and BPA ranged from 2.25 × 10-7 to 3.66 and from 2.74 × 10-7 to 9.72 × 10-2, respectively. Meanwhile, a significant number of studies exhibit high CR values for benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Moreover, DEHP has shown the highest maximum mean CR values for humans in numerous studies, up to 179-fold higher than BBP. Despite mounting evidence of the harmful effects of these chemicals at low-dose exposure on animals and humans, most regulations have not been updated. Thus, this article emphasizes the need for updating guidelines and public policies considering compelling evidence for the adverse effects of low-dose exposure, and it cautions against the use of alternative plasticizers as substitutes for phthalates and BPA because of the significant gaps in their safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Dueñas-Moreno
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla 72453, Mexico
| | - Abrahan Mora
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla 72453, Mexico
| | - Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, 64700 Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Xiang-Zhou Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, 64700 Nuevo León, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang G, Gong C, Zheng X, Hu F, Liu J, Wang T, Chen X, Li M, Zhu Z, Zhang L, Li R. Early clues and molecular mechanism involved in neurodegenerative diseases induced in immature mice by combined exposure to polypropylene microplastics and DEHP. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122406. [PMID: 37597731 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that exposure to either microplastics (MPs) or di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalic acid (DEHP) alone can cause neurotoxicity in animals, but it remains uncertain whether and to what extent co-exposure to these two substances, which often occur together in reality, can also induce neurotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxicity and molecular mechanisms of combined exposure to DEHP and polypropylene microplastics (synthetic PP-MPs were used), the microplastics most commonly encountered by young children, in immature mice. The results showed that exposure to PP-MPs and/or DEHP did cause neurotoxic effects in immature mice, including induction of neurocognitive and memory deficits, damage to the CA3 region of the hippocampus, increased oxidative stress, and decreased AChE activity in the brain. The severity of the neurotoxicity increased with increasing concentrations of PP-MPs, combined exposure to PP-MPs and DEHP exhibited additive or synergistic effects. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that the PP-MPs and/or DEHP exposure altered the expression profiles of gene clusters involved in the stress response, and in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. Quantitative analyses further indicated that PP-MPs and/or DEHP exposure inhibited the activity of the heat shock response mediated by heat shock transcription factor 1, while chronically activated the unfolded protein response, consequently inducing neurotoxicity through neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation in the immature mice. As a pioneer study to highlight the neurotoxicity induced by combined exposure to PP-MPs and DEHP in immature mice, this research provides new insights into mitigating the health risks of PP-MPs and DEHP exposure in young children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Cunyi Gong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xinyue Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China; The Primary School Attached to Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China; College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Min Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Rui Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang M, Wang H, Hu C, Deng J, Shi B. Phthalate acid esters promoted the enrichment of chlorine dioxide-resistant bacteria and their functions related to human diseases in rural polyvinyl chloride distribution pipes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165282. [PMID: 37406691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes are widely used as drinking water distribution pipes in rural areas of China. However, whether phthalate acid esters (PAEs) released from PVC pipes will affect tap water quality is still unknown. The influence of released PAEs on the water quality was analysed in this study, especially after ClO2 disinfection. The results indicated that ClO2 disinfection could control the growth of total coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria (HPC). However, when the ClO2 residual decreased to below 0.10 mg/L, HPC and opportunistic pathogens, including Mycobacterium avium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, increased significantly. In addition, after ClO2 disinfection, PAEs concentrations increased from 10.6-22.2 μg/L to 21.2-58.8 μg/L in different sampling cites. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) and statistical analysis of metagenomic profiles (Stamp) showed that ClO2 disinfection induced the enrichment of Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium, and Mycobacterium and functions related to human diseases, such as pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, shigellosis, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and Vibrio cholerae infection. The released PAEs not only promoted the growth of these ClO2-resistant bacterial genera but also enhanced their functions related to human diseases. Moreover, these PAEs also induced the enrichment of other bacterial genera, such as Blastomonas, Dechloromonas, and Kocuria, and their functions, such as chronic myeloid leukaemia, African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, hepatitis C and human T-cell leukaemia virus 1 infection. The released PAEs enhanced the microbial risk of the drinking water. These results are meaningful for guaranteeing water quality in rural areas of China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Chisheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianmian Deng
- Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China.
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang D, Zhu R, Lou J, Baek N, Fan X. Plasticizer phthalate esters degradation with a laccase from Trametes versicolor: effects of TEMPO used as a mediator and estrogenic activity removal. Biodegradation 2023; 34:431-444. [PMID: 37017762 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are toxic and persistent chemicals that are ubiquitous in the environment and have attracted worldwide attention due to their threats to the environment and human health. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is a relatively simple structure and one of the most observed PAEs in the environment. This study investigated the degradation of the DMP using Trametes versicolor laccase and its laccase-mediator systems. The degradation effect of laccase alone on DMP was poor, while the laccase-mediator systems can effectively enhance the degradation efficiency. Within 24 h, 45% of DMP (25 mg/L) was degraded in the presence of 0.8 U/mL laccase and 0.053 mM 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO). A certain concentration (1 mM) of metal ions Al3+, Cu2+ or Ca2+ can positively promote DMP degradation with the laccase-TEMPO system. Moreover, the structure of PAEs also had a great influence on the degradation efficiency. Higher degradation efficiencies were observed when incubating PAEs with short alkyl side chains by the laccase-TEMPO system compared to that with long alkyl side chains. Additionally, the branched-chain PAEs had a better degradation effect than the straight-chain. The estrogenic activity of the DMP solution after reaction was much smaller than that of the original solution. Finally, transformation products ortho-hydroxylated DMP and phthalic acid were identified by GC-MS and the possible degradation pathway was proposed. This study verifies the feasibility of the laccase-TEMPO system to degrade PAEs and provides a reference for exploring more potential value of laccase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruofei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiangfei Lou
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nawon Baek
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuerong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li SS, Chen JJ, Su MW, Lin CW, Chen CC, Wang YH, Liu CC, Tsai YC, Hsieh TJ, Wu MT, Wu CF. Sex-specific interactive effect of melamine and DEHP on a marker of early kidney damage in Taiwanese adults: A national population-based study from the Taiwan Biobank. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115208. [PMID: 37413945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Taiwan had the high incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. Our objective was to examine associations between daily exposure of phthalates and melamine, two common nephrotoxins, and kidney damage risk in a well-established nationwide cohort. Study subjects were from Taiwan Biobank (TWB) with existing data of questionnaire and biochemical examinations. Average daily intake (ADI) levels of melamine and seven parental phthalates, including DEHP (di-2-ethylhexylphthalate), DiBP (Dibutyl phthalate), DnBP (Di-n-butyl phthalate), BBzP (Butyl benzyl phthalate), DEP (Diethyl phthalate), and DMP (Dimethyl phthalate) were estimated using a creatinine excretion-based model from urine melamine and 10 phthalate metabolites. Urine microalbumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was used to represent for the outcome of kidney damage. Two statistical strategies were used: First, a weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model to select the most important exposure variables of ADI levels of phthalates and melamine associated with ACR; Second, to examine effects of those most important exposure variables on ACR in multivariable linear regression models. In total, 1153 eligible adults were left for analyses. Of them, 591 (51.3%) and 562 (48.7%) were men and women, respectively, with a median age of 49 years old. By WQS, a significant and positive association was found between ADI of melamine and phthalates and ACR (β = 0.14, p = 0.002). ADI levels of melamine had the highest weight (0.57), followed by DEHP (0.13). Next, examining the two most important exposures in association with ACR, we found that the higher the melamine and DEHP intakes, the higher the ACR levels were found. An interaction effect was also found between melamine and DEHP intakes on urine ACR (p = 0.015). This result was more prominent in men (p = 0.008) than in women (p = 0.651). Environmental co-exposure of melamine and DEHP can potentially affect ACR in the community-dwelling Taiwanese adult population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sih-Syuan Li
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Jen Chen
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Wei Su
- Taiwan Biobank, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
| | - Yin-Han Wang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chu Liu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chun Tsai
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Fang Wu
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; International Master Program of Translational Medicine, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu C, Wang LQ, Zhang M, Deng YL, Luo Q, Liu EN, Chen PP, Miao Y, Yang P, Zeng Q. Oxidative stress mediates the associations between phthalate exposures and thyroid cancer/benign nodule risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121462. [PMID: 36958664 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested that phthalate exposures are associated with increased risks of thyroid cancer and benign nodule, while the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we explored the mediation effects of oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers in the associations between phthalate exposures and the risks of thyroid cancer and benign nodule. Urine samples collected from 143 thyroid cancer, 136 nodule patients, and 141 healthy controls were analyzed for 8 phthalate metabolites and 3 OS biomarkers [8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mercapturic acid (HNE-MA), and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-isoPGF2α)]. Multivariable linear or logistic regression models were used to explore the associations of OS biomarkers with phthalate metabolite concentrations and the risks of thyroid cancer and nodule. The mediation role of OS biomarkers was also investigated. Urinary monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monomethyl phthalate (MMP), mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) were positively associated with at least 2 OS biomarkers (all P-values<0.01), and part of these positive associations varied in different subgroups. All 3 OS biomarkers were positively associated with the risks of thyroid nodule and cancer (P-values<0.001). The mediation analysis showed that OS biomarkers significantly mediated the associations between urinary MEHOP concentration and nodule, as well as between urinary MMP, MEHP, and MEHHP concentrations and cancer and nodule, with the estimated proportions of mediation ranging from 15.8% to 85.6%. Our results suggest that OS is a potential mediating mechanism through which phthalate exposures induce thyroid carcinogenesis and nodular formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Long-Qiang Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Er-Nan Liu
- Wuhan Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang M, Su Y, Lu J, Yan Y, Yin X, Zhou L. Content level and risk assessment of phthalate esters in surface water of Bosten Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27627-5. [PMID: 37209348 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27627-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bosten Lake is the main fishing and grazing area in Xinjiang. The pollution of phthalate esters (PAEs) in water has attracted much attention, but limited research has been conducted on PAEs in Bosten Lake. The distribution of PAEs in fifteen sampling sites of surface water in the dry and flood seasons were investigated to explore the content level of PAEs in Bosten Lake, and the risk was evaluated. Seventeen PAEs were detected by GC-MS after liquid-liquid and solid-phase purification. Results showed that the content of ∑PAEs in the water during dry and flood seasons is ND-26.226 μg/L and ND-7.179 μg/L. The content of PAEs in the water of Bosten Lake is at a medium level. DBP and DIBP are the main PAEs. The content of PAEs is related to the physicochemical properties of water, and the physicochemical properties of water in dry season have a more serious impact on PAEs. PAEs in water mainly come from domestic pollution and chemical production. The results of health risk assessment indicate that PAEs in water do not pose a carcinogenic risk or a non carcinogenic risk to human, which can meet the conditions of Bosten Lake as a fishing ground and livestock base, but the pollution of PAEs cannot be ignored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manli Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Youzhi Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Jianjiang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
| | - Yujun Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Xiaowen Yin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xu Q, Ding S, Qi W, Zhang X, Zhang M, Xing J, Ju A, Zhou L, Ye L. JAK3/STAT5b/PPARγ Pathway Mediates the Association between Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Exposure and Lipid Metabolic Disorder in Chinese Adolescent Students. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:725-733. [PMID: 37093692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies found that di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) could disorder lipid metabolism in adolescents but the mechanisms underlying this association remained unclear. This study was undertaken to clarify the mediating effect of JAK3/STAT5/PPARγ on disorder lipid levels induced by DEHP in adolescents. We recruited 478 adolescent students (median age 18.1 years). The mRNA expression and DNA methylation levels of JAK3/STAT5/PPARγ were detected by real-time PCR and the MethylTarget, respectively. We used multiple linear regression to analyze the association between DEHP metabolites (MEHP, MEOHP, MEHHP, MECPP, MCMHP, and ΣDEHP) levels, mRNA expression, and DNA methylation levels. The mediating effect of JAK3/STAT5/PPARγ mRNA expression levels was examined by mediation analysis. We found that all DEHP metabolite levels were positively correlated with TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C (P < 0.05). The MEOHP level was negatively associated with DNA methylation levels and positively associated with mRNA levels of PPARγ and STAT5b (P < 0.05). The MEHP level was negatively associated with the DNA methylation level and positively associated with the mRNA level of JAK3 (P < 0.05). Higher MEOHP was associated with a higher level of TC/HDL-C, the mediation analysis showed the mediation effect was 17.18% for the JAK3 level, 10.76% for the STAT5b level, and 11% for the PPARγ level. Higher MEHP was associated with a higher level of LDL-C/HDL-C, the mediation effect was 14.49% for the JAK3 level. In conclusion, DEHP metabolites decreased the DNA methylation levels, inducing the increase of the mRNA levels of JAK3/STAT5/PPARγ. In addition, the mRNA levels mediated the association between DEHP exposure and disorder lipid levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shuang Ding
- Experimental Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wen Qi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiqiang Xing
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Aipeng Ju
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wei Y, Hong Y, Yang L, Wang J, Zhao T, Zheng X, Kang L, Chen J, Han L, Long C, Shen L, Wu S, Wei G. Single-cell transcriptomic dissection of the toxic impact of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on immature testicular development at the neonatal stage. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113780. [PMID: 37059381 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) early exposure leads to immature testicular injury, and we aimed to utilize single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing to comprehensively assess the toxic effect of DEHP on testicular development. Therefore, we gavaged pregnant C57BL/6 mice with 750 mg/kg body weight DEHP from gestational day 13.5 to delivery and performed scRNA sequencing of neonatal testes at postnatal day 5.5. The results revealed the gene expression dynamics in testicular cells. DEHP disrupted the developmental trajectory of germ cells and the balance between the self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells. Additionally, DEHP caused an abnormal developmental trajectory, cytoskeletal damage and cell cycle arrest in Sertoli cells; disrupted the metabolism of testosterone in Leydig cells; and disturbed the developmental trajectory in peritubular myoid cells. Elevated oxidative stress and excessive apoptosis mediated by p53 were observed in almost all testicular cells. The intercellular interactions among four cell types were altered, and biological processes related to glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), NOTCH, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and WNT signaling pathways were enriched after DEHP treatment. These findings systematically describe the damaging effects of DEHP on the immature testes and provide substantial novel insights into the reproductive toxicity of DEHP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Wei
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Yifan Hong
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Junke Wang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Tianxin Zhao
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, 510623, PR China
| | - Xiangqin Zheng
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Lian Kang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Jiadong Chen
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Lindong Han
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Chunlan Long
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Lianju Shen
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Shengde Wu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China.
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ji H, Wu Z, Chen D, Miao M, Chen H, Shuai W, Liang H, Yuan W. Individual and joint effects of phthalates exposure on the risk of early miscarriage. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023:10.1038/s41370-023-00533-1. [PMID: 36959356 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exposure levels of phthalates in humans have dropped dramatically. Little is known about the individual and joint effects of phthalates exposure at low levels on the risk of early miscarriage. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between exposure to phthalates individually or as a mixture and early miscarriage. METHODS A case-control study was conducted in Shanghai, China during 2019-2020. A total of 291 women seeking medical services due to miscarriage (cases) and 308 women planning to terminate an unintended pregnancy (controls) within 12 gestational weeks were recruited. Urinary concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. We included 534 women in the main analysis who had available data on both phthalates exposure and complete information on potential confounders. We used logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to examine the associations of concentrations of phthalates with miscarriage. RESULTS Among the phthalate metabolites, mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) had the highest concentration (8.10 ng/mL), followed by mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP, 2.68 ng/mL) and monobutyl phthalate (MBP, 2.24 ng/mL). Higher concentrations of MBP, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), MEHHP, MEOHP and the molar sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites (∑DEHPm) were associated with an increased risk of miscarriage exhibiting a dose-response relationship. The most evident association of miscarriage was found with ∑DEHPm, with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.94 (1.14, 3.31) for the second quartile, 2.83 (1.67, 4.79) for the third quartile and 4.28 (2.49, 7.37) for the fourth quartile compared to the first quartile. Consistently, the phthalate mixture was positively associated with the risk of miscarriage and DEHP was the predominant contributor to the joint effect in BKMR model. IMPACT Phthalates are a family of synthetic chemicals mainly used as plasticizers, solvents and additives in a large variety of industrial and consumer products, including food packing materials, toys, gloves, medical devices and personal care products. Although exposure levels of phthalates of pregnant women have declined sharply over the past few decades, phthalates exposure was still associated with an increased risk of early miscarriage. Our findings suggest that future researchers and policy makers might need to take low-dose effects of phthalates into account regarding the reproductive toxicity of phthalates exposure in humans. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings contribute to the awareness of the reproductive toxic potential of phthalates at low levels in humans and support the ongoing efforts to further reduce exposure to phthalates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Ji
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Hexia Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hong Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Yuan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tan H, Yang L, Liang X, Huang D, Qiao X, Dai Q, Chen D, Cai Z. Nonphthalate Plasticizers in House Dust from Multiple Countries: An Increasing Threat to Humans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3634-3644. [PMID: 36821817 PMCID: PMC9996830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Along with the restrictions of phthalate esters (PAEs), a variety of nonphthalate plasticizers (NPPs) have been increasingly used for industrial needs. Knowledge remains limited on the environmental occurrences, fate, and human exposure risks of many emerging NPPs. In this study, we investigated a suite of 45 NPPs along with the major PAEs in house dust from five regions in the Asia-Pacific region and the United States. The findings clearly demonstrated ubiquitous occurrences of many NPPs in the home environment, particularly acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), tricapryl trimellitate (TCTM), trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM), glycerol monooleate (GMO), methyl oleate (MO), and diisobutyl adipate (DiBA). The median total concentrations of NPPs ranged from 17.8 to 252 μg/g in the study regions, while the mean ratios of ΣNPPs to ΣPAEs ranged from 0.19 (Hanoi) to 0.72 (Adelaide). Spatial differences were observed not only for the chemical abundances but also for the composition profiles and the hazard quotient (HQ) prioritization of individual chemicals. Although the current exposure may unlikely cause significant health risks according to the HQ estimation, potential exposure risks cannot be overlooked, due to the lack of appropriate toxic threshold data, the existence of additional exposure pathways, and possible cocktail effects from coexisting NPPs and PAEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Tan
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School
of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution
and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- School
of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution
and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Diedie Huang
- School
of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution
and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xinhang Qiao
- School
of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution
and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qingyuan Dai
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Da Chen
- School
of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution
and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cao WS, Zhao MJ, Chen Y, Zhu JY, Xie CF, Li XT, Geng SS, Zhong CY, Fu JY, Wu JS. Low-dose phthalates promote breast cancer stem cell properties via the oncogene ΔNp63α and the Sonic hedgehog pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114605. [PMID: 36753971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The omnipresence of human phthalate (PAE) exposure is linked to various adverse health issues, including breast cancer. However, the effects of low-dose PAE exposure on breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and the underlying mechanism remain unexplored. METHODS BCSCs from breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) were enriched using a tumorsphere formation assay. Gene and protein expression was detected by measurement of quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays. Transient transfection assays were used to evaluate the involvement of Gli1, a signaling pathway molecule and ΔNp63α, an oncogene in influencing the PAE-induced characteristics of BCSCs. RESULTS PAE (butylbenzyl phthalate, BBP; di-butyl phthalate, DBP; di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, DEHP) exposure of 10-9 M significantly promoted the tumorsphere formation ability in BCSCs. Breast cancer spheroids with a 10-9 M PAE exposure had higher levels of BCSC marker mRNA and protein expression, activated sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway, and increased mRNA and protein levels of an oncogene, ΔNp63α. Furthermore, suppression of the SHH pathway attenuated the effects of PAEs on BCSCs. And the overexpression of ΔNp63α enhanced PAE-induced characteristics of BCSCs, while low expression of ΔNp63α inhibited the promotion effects of PAEs on BCSCs and the SHH pathway. CONCLUSION Low-dose PAE exposure promoted the stem cell properties of BCSCs in a ΔNp63α- and SHH-dependent manner. The influence of low-dose exposure of PAEs and its relevance for the lowest observed effect concentrations requires further investigation, and the precise underlying mechanism needs to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Shuang Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Meng-Jiu Zhao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jian-Yun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chun-Feng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shan-Shan Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cai-Yun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jin-Yan Fu
- Department of Nutrition, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China.
| | - Jie-Shu Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Etzel TM, Kuiper JR, Wang X, Mueller NT, Calafat AM, Cecil KM, Chen A, Lanphear BP, Yolton K, Kalkwarf HJ, Braun JM, Buckley JP. Associations of early life phthalate exposures with adolescent lipid levels and insulin resistance: The HOME Study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 248:114102. [PMID: 36527833 PMCID: PMC9898157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life phthalate exposures may disrupt metabolic processes; however few prospective studies have assessed whether these associations extend to cardiometabolic outcomes during adolescence. METHODS Among 183 mother-adolescent pairs in a prospective cohort study that enrolled pregnant women in Cincinnati, OH (2003-2006), we quantified nine phthalate metabolites in spot urine samples collected twice from mothers during pregnancy and up to seven times from children. At age 12 years, we assessed triglycerides, high-density (HDL) and low-density (LDL) lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and glucose from fasting serum samples and calculated homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Using multiple informant models, we estimated covariate-adjusted associations between urinary phthalate concentrations at each time period and cardiometabolic biomarkers at age 12 years, including modification by child sex. RESULTS Although most associations were weak or null, monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), and monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) concentrations were generally associated with lower LDL at age 12 years. A 10-fold increase in 4- and 12-year MEP was associated with -15.3 mg/dL (95% CI: 27.5, -3.13 mg/dL) and -11.8 mg/dL (-22.0, -1.51 mg/dL) lower LDL, respectively. Discrepant associations were observed in females versus males: a 10-fold increase in 3-year MEP concentrations was associated with 12.0 mg/dL (95% CI: 7.11, 31.1 mg/dL) higher LDL levels in males and -30.4 mg/dL (95% CI: 50.9, -9.8 mg/dL) lower LDL levels in females. Some urinary phthalate concentrations were cross-sectionally associated with HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS Early-life phthalate biomarker concentrations may be inversely associated with LDL during early adolescence in an exposure-period and sex-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Etzel
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jordan R Kuiper
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Noel T Mueller
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Kim M Cecil
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Aimin Chen
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | | | - Kimberly Yolton
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Heidi J Kalkwarf
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | | | - Jessie P Buckley
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang Z, Shan D, Zhang T, Li L, Wang S, Du R, Li Y, Wu S, Jin L, Zhao Y, Shang X, Wang Q. Associations between exposure to phthalates and subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women during early pregnancy: A pilot case-control study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121051. [PMID: 36642176 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are environmental endocrine disruptors with thyroid-disrupting properties; however, the association between phthalate exposure and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy is unknown. We recruited a study population from a cohort of pregnant women in Beijing, China, and conducted the present pilot case-control study of 42 SCH cases and 84 non-SCH controls matched with age and body mass index (BMI). Serum levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody, free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and urinary levels of ten phthalate metabolites during early pregnancy were measured. Urinary monoethyl phthalate (MEP) levels in SCH cases were observably higher than those in controls (p = 0.01). Conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), MEP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ΣDEHP) were significantly associated with a higher risk of SCH during early pregnancy (adjusted odds ratios = 1.89, 1.42, 1.81, and 1.92, respectively). Concomitantly, multiple linear regression analysis showed that MECPP, MEOHP, and ΣDEHP were positively associated with TSH and FT4 × TSH in the entire study population. Bayesian kernel machine regression analysis and stratified analysis by BMI revealed upward tendencies in the serum levels of TSH and FT4 × TSH. In summary, exposure to phthalates, especially DEHP, may be associated with a higher risk of SCH during early pregnancy, and a possible mechanism is the disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Danping Shan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ludi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihu Du
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Andrology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu C, Fu L, Du H, Sun Y, Wu Y, Li C, Tong J, Liang S. Distribution, Source Apportionment and Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in the Overlying Water of Baiyang Lake, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2918. [PMID: 36833614 PMCID: PMC9957158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a kind of endocrine disruptor compounds, the presence of phthalate esters (PAEs) has become a global concern. In this study, the pollution levels and spatial distribution of sixteen PAEs were investigated. Their potential sources and eco-environmental health risk were discussed in Baiyang Lake and its upstream rivers during different periods. PAEs were detected in all of samples, ranging from 1215 to 3014 ng·L-1 in October 2020 and 1384 to 3399 ng·L-1 in May 2021. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) were the predominant monomers, with a detection rate of 100% and the highest concentrations in the overlying water. Restricted by multiple factors, the spatial distribution difference between Baiyang Lake and its upstream rivers in October was more significant than in May. The source apportionment revealed that agricultural cultivation and disorderly use and disposal of plastic products were the primary factors for the contamination. The human health risk assessment indicated that eight PAE congeners did not pose significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic harms to males, females and children. However, the ecological risks of DBP, DIBP and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate to algae, crustaceans and fish species were moderate or high-risk levels. This study provides an appropriate dataset for the assessment of the pollution of PEs to the water ecosystem affected by anthropogenic activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Provincial Analytical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Liguo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Provincial Analytical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hui Du
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Provincial Analytical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yaxue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Provincial Analytical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yihong Wu
- Hebei Provincial Academy of Ecological Environmental Science, Shijiazhuang 050037, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Hebei Provincial Academy of Ecological Environmental Science, Shijiazhuang 050037, China
| | - Jikun Tong
- Baiyangdian Watershed Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center, Baoding 071051, China
| | - Shuxuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Provincial Analytical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yin H, Chen R, Wang H, Schwarz C, Hu H, Shi B, Wang Y. Co-occurrence of phthalate esters and perfluoroalkyl substances affected bacterial community and pathogenic bacteria growth in rural drinking water distribution systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:158943. [PMID: 36155042 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The adverse health effects of phthalate esters (PAEs) and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water have attracted considerable attention. Our study investigated the effects of PAEs and PFAS on the bacterial community and the growth of potential human pathogenic bacteria in rural drinking water distribution systems. Our results showed that the total concentration of PAEs and PFAS ranged from 1.02 × 102 to 1.65 × 104 ng/L, from 4.40 to 1.84 × 102 ng/L in rural drinking water of China, respectively. PAEs concentration gradually increased and PFAS slowly decreased along the pipeline distribution, compared to concentrations in the effluents of rural drinking water treatment plants. The co-occurrence of higher concentrations of PAEs and PFAS changed the structure and function of the bacterial communities found within these environments. The bacterial community enhanced their ability to respond to fluctuating environmental conditions through up-regulation of functional genes related to extracellular signaling and interaction, as well as genes related to replication and repair. Under these conditions, co-occurrence of PAEs and PFAS promoted the growth of potential human pathogenic bacteria (HPB), therefore increasing the risk of the development of associated diseases among exposed persons. The main HPB observed in this study included Burkholderia mallei, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Contaminants including particles, microorganisms, PAEs and PFAS were found to be released from corrosion scales and deposits of pipes and taps, resulting in the increase of the cytotoxicity and microbial risk of rural tap water. These results are important to efforts to improve the safety of rural drinking water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yin
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ruya Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Cory Schwarz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston 77005, United States
| | - Haotian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yili Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Han Y, Yu X, Lu Y, Shen Y, Wang X, Wei H, Ni K, Qu J, Chen G. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate aggravates fine particulate matter-induced asthma in weanling mice due to T follicular helper cell-dependent response. Toxicology 2023; 484:153406. [PMID: 36549504 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants fine particulate matter and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are believed to be the risk factors for childhood asthma. Allergic asthma is basically an immediate hypersensitivity mediated by IgE, the product of humoral immune response. T follicular helper cells (Tfh) have been newly identified as the crucial T helper cells for supporting B cells to produce immunoglobulins in humoral immunity. Tfh cells are therefore potentially to serve as the diagnostic marker and therapeutic target of immune diseases. In this study, we examined the joint effects of fine particulate matter and DEHP on the initiation and progression of asthma and explored the fundamental role of Tfh cells during the process. Weanling C57BL/6 mice (both sexes) were concurrently exposed to DEHP (intragastric administration at 300 μg/kg) and fine atmospheric particulate matter (mean particle diameter < 4 µm, PM4) (oropharyngeal instillation at 2 mg/kg) once every three days for 30 days (10 times). We found that DEHP displayed adjuvant effects to potentiate PM4 allergen-induced expansion of Tfh and plasma cells, production of serum IgE and IgG1, and occurrence of airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation. Then PM4 and DEHP co-exposure was performed to Cd4 knock-out mice reconstituted with normal wild-type adoptive Tfh cells or non-Tfh cells. The results of immune adoptive transfusion indicated that the joint immunotoxic effects of PM4 and DEHP were dependent on Tfh cells. We further proved that DEHP could adjuvantly boost PM4-induced expression of BCL-6 and c-MAF and secretion of IL-13 and IL-4 in Tfh cells. In conclusion, these data suggest that DEHP metabolites act in an adjuvant-like manner to aggravate PM4 allergen-induced asthma based on anaphylactic IgE response, resulting from excessive IL-13 and IL-4 synthesized by abnormally differentiated Tfh cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, College of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Xiangjun Yu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, College of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, College of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, College of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kaihua Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianhua Qu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, College of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, College of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xie Z, Zhang X, Xie Y, Wu J, Wu Y. Occurrences and potential lipid-disrupting effects of phthalate metabolites in humpback dolphins from the South China Sea. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129939. [PMID: 36096058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, arising growing public concern. Nevertheless, information on the exposure and risks of PAEs in wildlife remains limited. Here, we conducted the first investigation of the occurrences, spatiotemporal trends, and potential risks of twelve metabolites of PAEs (mPAEs) in 74 humpback dolphins from the northern South China Sea during 2005-2020. All twelve mPAEs (∑12mPAEs: 9.6-810.7 ng g-1 wet weight) were detected in the dolphin liver, and seven major mPAEs showed increasing trends during the study period, indicating high PAE contamination in the coastal environment of South China. Monoethylhexyl phthalate accounted for over half of the ∑12mPAE concentrations. The accumulation of mPAEs in the dolphins was neither age-dependent nor sex-specific. Compared to parent PAEs, mPAEs generally induced higher agonistic effects on the dolphin peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma (PPARA/G) as master regulators of lipid homeostasis. Although short-term in vitro assays revealed no significant activation of dolphin PPARA/G by tissue-relevant doses of mPAEs, long-term in vivo evidence (i.e., correlations between hepatic mPAEs and blubber fatty acids) suggested that chronic exposure to mPAEs might have impacted lipid metabolism in the dolphin. This study highlighted the potential health risks of PAE exposure on marine mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
| | - Yanqing Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Jiaxue Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Puri M, Gandhi K, Kumar MS. The occurrence, fate, toxicity, and biodegradation of phthalate esters: An overview. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2023; 95:e10832. [PMID: 36632702 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are a class of emerging xenobiotic compounds that are extensively used as plasticizers. In recent times, there has been an increasing concern over the risk of this pervasive pollution exposure causing endocrine disruption and carcinogenicity in humans and animals. The widespread use of PAEs in home and industrial applications has resulted in their discharge in aquatic bodies via leaching, volatilization, and precipitation. In this overview, the current state of PAE pollution, its potential origins, its fate, as well as its effects on the aquatic environment are discussed. A state-of-the-art review of several studies in the literature that focus on the biological degradation of PAEs is included in this study. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive view of current research on PAEs in the environment, highlighting its fate and alleviated risks on the aquatic biotas, their challenges, future prospects, and the need for good management and policies for its remediation. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Occurrence of phthalate esters was summarized in various environmental matrices along with its serious ecotoxicological implications on biota. Wastewater is the prime source of PAEs contamination. Lack of species-specific effects on biota due to dose, exposure route, and susceptibility. The predominant route to mineralization in PAEs is biodegradation. A critical analysis of worldwide PAE production and consumption identifies the necessity for global PAE production, consumption, and release policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Puri
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Kamla Nehru Nagar (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kavita Gandhi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Kamla Nehru Nagar (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Sophisticated Environmental Analytical Facility, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
| | - M Suresh Kumar
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Kamla Nehru Nagar (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chi ZH, Goodyer CG, Hales BF, Bayen S. Characterization of different contaminants and current knowledge for defining chemical mixtures in human milk: A review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107717. [PMID: 36630790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of xenobiotics, with very diverse origins, have been detected in human milk, including contaminants of emerging concern, personal care products and other current-use substances reflecting lifestyle. The routes of exposure to these chemicals include dermal absorption, ingestion and inhalation. Specific families of chemicals are dominant among human milk monitoring studies (e.g., organochlorine pesticides, bisphenol A, dioxins), even though other understudied families may be equally toxicologically relevant (e.g., food-processing chemicals, current-use plasticizers and flame retardants, mycotoxins). Importantly, the lack of reliable human milk monitoring data for some individual chemicals and, especially, for complex mixtures, is a major factor hindering risk assessment. Non-targeted screening can be used as an effective tool to identify unknown contaminants of concern in human milk. This approach, in combination with novel methods to conduct risk assessments on the chemical mixtures detected in human milk, will assist in elucidating exposures that may have adverse effects on the development of breastfeeding infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hao Chi
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Cindy Gates Goodyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ningthoujam R, Satiraphan M, Sompongchaiyakul P, Bureekul S, Luadnakrob P, Pinyakong O. Bacterial community shifts in a di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-degrading enriched consortium and the isolation and characterization of degraders predicted through network analyses. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136730. [PMID: 36209845 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an extensively used and toxic phthalate plasticizer that is widely reported in marine environments. Degradation of DEHP by bacteria from several environments have been studied, but little is known about marine sediment bacteria that can degrade DEHP and other phthalate plasticizers. Therefore, in this study, we enriched a bacterial consortium C10 that can degrade four phthalate plasticizers of varying alkyl chain lengths (DEHP, dibutyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, and dimethyl phthalate) from marine sediment. The major bacterial genera in C10 during degradation of the phthalate plasticizers were Glutamicibacter, Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, and Methylophaga. Growth of C10 on DEHP intermediates (mono-ethylhexyl phthalate, 2-ethylhexanol, phthalic acid, and protocatechuic acid) was studied and these intermediates enhanced the Brevibacterium, Ochrobactrum, Achromobacter, Bacillus, Sporosarcina, and Microbacterium populations. Using a network-based approach, we predicted that Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, and Microbacterium interacted cooperatively and were the main degraders of phthalate plasticizers. Through selective isolation techniques, we obtained twenty isolates belonging to Bacillus, Microbacterium, Sporosarcina, Micrococcus, Ochrobactrum, Stenotrophomonas, Alcaligenes, and Cytobacillus. The best DEHP-degraders were Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila OR13, Microbacterium esteraromaticum OR16, Sporosarcina sp. OR19, and Cytobacillus firmus OR20 (83.68%, 59.1%, 43.4%, and 40.6% degradation of 100 mg/L DEHP in 8 d), which agrees with the prediction of key degraders. This is the first report of DEHP degradation by all four bacteria and, thus, our findings reveal as yet unknown PAE-degradation capabilities of marine sediment bacteria. This study provides insights into how bacterial communities adapt to degrade or resist the toxicities of different PAEs and demonstrates a simple approach for the prediction and isolation of potential pollutant degraders from complex and dynamic bacterial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Ningthoujam
- International Program in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Meyawee Satiraphan
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment (MiTMaPT), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Penjai Sompongchaiyakul
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sujaree Bureekul
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pontipa Luadnakrob
- Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center/Training Department, Samut Prakan, Thailand
| | - Onruthai Pinyakong
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment (MiTMaPT), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Research Program on Remediation Technologies for Petroleum Contamination, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cai FS, Tang B, Zheng J, Yan X, Luo WK, He M, Luo XJ, Ren MZ, Yu YJ, Mai BX. Fetal exposure to organic contaminants revealed by infant hair: A preliminary study in south China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120536. [PMID: 36367513 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fetal exposure to multiple organic contaminants (OCs) is a public concern because of the adverse effects of OCs on early life development. Infant hair has the potential to be used as an alternative matrix to identify susceptible fetuses, owing to its reliability, sensitivity, and advantages associated with sampling, handling, and ethics. However, the applicability of infant hair for assessing in utero exposure to OCs is still limited. In this study, 57 infant hair samples were collected in Guangzhou, South China, to evaluate the levels and compositions of typical OCs in the fetus. Most of the target OCs were detected in infant hair, with medians of 144 μg/g, 17.7 μg/g, 192 ng/g, 46.9 ng/g, and 1.36 ng/g for phthalate esters (PAEs), alternative plasticizers (APs), organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), respectively. Meanwhile, paired maternal hair (0-9 cm from the scalp) was collected to examine the associations between maternal and infant hair for individual compounds. Low-brominated PBDEs tended to deposit in infant hair, with median concentrations approximately two times higher than those in maternal samples. Levels of PBDEs and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) in paired maternal and infant hair showed strong positive correlations (p < 0.05), while most plasticizers (PAEs and APs) were poorly correlated between paired hair samples. Exposure sources were responsible for the variation in correlation between OC levels in the paired infant and maternal samples. Crude relationships between fetal exposure to OCs and birth size were examined using the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model. BDE-28 was found to be adversely associated with the birth size. This study provides referential information for evaluating in utero exposure to OCs and their health risks based on infant hair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Shan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Bin Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China; School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, PR China.
| | - Xiao Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China; School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, PR China
| | - Wei-Keng Luo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Mian He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Ming-Zhong Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Bi-Xian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhou X, Zhang X, Zhou X, Abulimiti G, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Cong R, Ji C, Luan J, Yao L, Yang J, Song N. Identification of endocrine-disrupting chemicals targeting the genes and pathways of genital anomalies in males. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114241. [PMID: 36308879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypospadias and cryptorchidism are the most common congenital malformations in male neonates, both of which are also the important clinical manifestations of testicular dysgenesis syndrome and share a same origin. Many studies have suggested that prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is associated with hypospadias and cryptorchidism development. However, the consistent mechanisms remain unclear. To identify the key EDCs, genes and biological networks related to the development of hypospadias and cryptorchidism respectively and commonly, we conduct the present study and found a new method for predicting the correlation between the interactive genes of hypospadias/cryptorchidism and chemicals. Transcriptome profiles were obtained from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment analyses and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were applied for integrative analyses. The rat model and molecular docking were applied to furtherly verifying the findings of the integrative analyses. Besides the highly related genes, most enriched pathways and chemicals for hypospadias and cryptorchidism respectively, we found hypospadias and cryptorchidism share many same highly associated EDCs (e.g., dibutyl phthalate) and genes (e.g., androgen receptor and estrogen receptor 1) through comparing highly related chemicals or genes of hypospadias and cryptorchidism respectively. GO and KEGG analysis showed that these same interactive genes were mainly enriched in steroidogenesis, response to steroid hormone and nuclear receptor activity. PPI network analysis identified 15 biological hub genes. Furtherly, hypospadias and cryptorchidism were induced by prenatal dibutyl phthalate exposure. Decreased serum testosterone level, downregulation of nuclear androgen-dependent and upregulation of cytoplasmic estrogen-dependent pathways may lead to hypospadias and cryptorchidism. This study proposed a new method for predicting the correlation between the interactive genes of hypospadias/cryptorchidism and chemicals and found that hypospadias and cryptorchidism share many same highly associated EDCs and genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; The Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Artux, Xinjiang 845350, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; The Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Artux, Xinjiang 845350, China
| | - Gulinuer Abulimiti
- Department of Translational Medicine, The Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Artux, Xinjiang 845350, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Qijie Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Rong Cong
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Chengjian Ji
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Jiaochen Luan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Liangyu Yao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; The Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Artux, Xinjiang 845350, China.
| | - Ninghong Song
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; The Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Artux, Xinjiang 845350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xu Q, Zhao T, Ri H, Ye J, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Ye L. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induced thyroid toxicity via endoplasmic reticulum stress: In vivo and in vitro study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2924-2936. [PMID: 36005737 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) could induce thyroid injury but the mechanism was unclear. This study combined in vivo and in vitro experiments to clarify the mechanism. In vivo, the offspring of Sprague Dawley rats were gavaged with different doses of DEHP (5, 50, and 250 mg/[kg⋅d]) from in utero to 12 weeks-old. Transcriptome sequencing was used to detect the mRNA expression profile of the offspring's thyroids. Differentially expressed genes were identified, followed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. In vitro, Nthy-ori 3-1 cells were exposed to DEHP's metabolite mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) to verify the pathway we found by KEGG analysis. The results indicated that DEHP could disorder the thyroid hormones. Compared with the offspring in control group, the mRNA levels of 656 genes were upregulated in the offspring exposed to 50 mg/(kg⋅d) DEHP. The upregulated genes were enriched in the pathway of "protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)." It indicated that the ER stress might play significant role in the thyroid toxicity induced by DEHP. In vitro, the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) level of cells was decreased while the reactive oxygen species level was increased after MEHP exposure. MEHP increased the intracellular Ca2+ level and induced ER stress. After ER stress was inhibited by the 4-phenylbutyric acid, the thyroid toxicity caused by MEHP was alleviated. Taken together, our results indicated that DEHP could induce thyroid toxicity by activating ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyang Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hyonju Ri
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Faculty of Public Health, Pyongyang Medical University, Pyongyang, North Korea
| | - Jiaming Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weisen Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuezhu Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jia LL, Luan YL, Shen HM, Guo Y. Long-term stability of several endocrine disruptors in the first morning urine samples and their associations with lifestyle characteristics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157873. [PMID: 35940260 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parabens, triclosan (TCS), bisphenols, benzophenones, and phthalates are typical endocrine disruptors (EDs) with short half-lives in the human body. The concentration levels of those EDs in a spot urine sample are frequently used in exposure assessment studies, and the reproducibility of urinary levels of these nonpersistent EDs should be considered. In the present study, we consecutively collected 45-day first morning void (FMV) urine samples, as well as daily questionnaires, in six recruited participants and measured the urinary concentrations of six parabens, TCS, nine bisphenols, five benzophenones, and ten phthalate metabolites by using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. MeP, EtP, PrP, TCS, BPA, BPS, BPF, and most phthalate metabolites were frequently detected (over 62 % of samples). The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for ED concentrations in FMV urine samples ranged from fair to excellent for MeP (0.683), EtP (0.702), BPA (0.505), BPS (0.908), BPF (0.887), BP-3 (0.712), mMP (0.661), mEP (0.523), mBP (0.500), miBP (0.724), mBzP (0.961) and all metabolites of DEHP (0.867-0.957), whereas they were low for PrP (0.321) and TCS (0.306). After creatinine adjustment, the values of ICCs for most target EDs were increased with mild to significant improvement. The stability of ED concentrations was affected by daily diet (MeP, TCS, BPA, mMP, miBP, mBP and mBzP), food containers (PrP and mECPP), use of personal care products (HMWP metabolites), pharmaceuticals (EtP) and recorded activities (BPS, mEHP, mBzP, mEHHP and mEOHP), as confirmed by a general linear mixed model. Furthermore, extending the FMV sampling period improved the probability of acceptable reproducibility (ICCs > 0.40) of MeP, EtP, BP-3 and mEP concentrations. For BPS, BPF and HMWP metabolite concentrations showed high probabilities (>80 %) of acceptable reproducibility in the last three days, and the increasing sample size slowly improved the ability to discriminate the subjects. The results were exactly the opposite for BPA concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Jia
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Ling Luan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui-Min Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang Y, Lyu L, Tao Y, Ju H, Chen J. Health risks of phthalates: A review of immunotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120173. [PMID: 36113640 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are known environmental endocrine disruptors that have been widely detected in several environments, and many studies have reported the immunotoxic effects of these compounds. Here, we reviewed relevant published studies, summarized the occurrence and major metabolic pathways of six typical PAEs (DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, DEHP, and DOP) in water, soil, and the atmosphere, degradation and metabolic pathways under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and explored the molecular mechanisms of the toxic effects of eleven PAEs (DEHP, DPP, DPrP, DHP, DEP, DBP, MBP, MBzP, BBP, DiNP, and DMP) on the immune system of different organisms at the gene, protein, and cellular levels. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which PAEs affect immune system function through regulation of immune gene expression and enzymes, increased ROS, immune signaling pathways, specific and non-specific immunosuppression, and interference with the complement system. By summarizing the effects of these compounds on typical model organisms, this review provides insights into the mechanisms by which PAEs affect the immune system, thus supplementing human immune experiments. Finally, we discuss the future direction of PAEs immunotoxicity research, thus providing a framework for the analysis of other environmental pollutants, as well as a basis for PAEs management and safe use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Liang Lyu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Yue Tao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Hanxun Ju
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Rural Energy Station of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kumar R, Adhikari S, Driver E, Zevitz J, Halden RU. Application of wastewater-based epidemiology for estimating population-wide human exposure to phthalate esters, bisphenols, and terephthalic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157616. [PMID: 35901875 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates, bisphenols (BPs), and terephthalic acid (TPA) are widely used plasticizers and monomers in plastic manufacturing. Most of them are known to have an adverse effect on the human body, functioning as endocrine disruptors and suspected carcinogens. Access to near real-time data on population exposure to plasticizers is essential for identifying vulnerable communities and better protecting and managing public health locally. The objective of the present study was to evaluate population-level exposure to phthalates, BPs, and TPA by measuring urinary metabolites in community wastewater. Composited community wastewater (24-h samples) from five sewer sub-catchments of a southwestern city within the United States were analyzed for urinary biomarkers of phthalates, BPs, and TPA using solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in conjunction with the isotope dilution method for absolute quantification. Ten of 16 analytes were detected at least once in community wastewater above the method detection limit (MDL), with MDLs ranging from 37 to 203 ng/L. The population normalized mass load of TPA was the highest, followed by the human metabolite of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Bisphenol S and monoethyl phthalate were detected with the highest frequency. Study findings suggest that analyzing municipal wastewater for chemical indicators of human exposure to plastic constituents is feasible, practicable, and informative, as long as appropriate steps are taken to determine, quantify and account for background levels of plastic analytes in the laboratory environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Sangeet Adhikari
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 852\87, USA
| | - Erin Driver
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Jake Zevitz
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Rolf U Halden
- Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 852\87, USA; One Water One Health, Non-profit Project of Arizona State University Foundation, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tkalec Ž, Codling G, Tratnik JS, Mazej D, Klánová J, Horvat M, Kosjek T. Suspect and non-targeted screening-based human biomonitoring identified 74 biomarkers of exposure in urine of Slovenian children. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120091. [PMID: 36064054 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to organic contaminants is widespread. Many of these contaminants show adverse health effects on human population. Human biomonitoring (HBM) follows the levels and the distribution of biomarkers of exposure (BoE), but it is usually done in a targeted manner. Suspect and non-targeted screening (SS/NTS) tend to find BoE in an agnostic way, without preselection of compounds, and include finding evidence of exposure to predicted, unpredicted known and unknown chemicals. This study describes the application of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)-based SS/NTS workflow for revealing organic contaminants in urine of a cohort of 200 children from Slovenia, aged 6-9 years. The children originated from two regions, urban and rural, and the latter were sampled in two time periods, summer and winter. We tentatively identified 74 BoE at the confidence levels of 2 and 3. These BoE belong to several classes of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, plasticizers and plastic related products, volatile organic compounds, nicotine, caffeine and pesticides. The risk of three pesticides, atrazine, amitraz and diazinon is of particular concern since their use was limited in the EU. Among BoE we tentatively identified compounds that have not yet been monitored in HBM schemes and demonstrate limited exposure data, such as bisphenol G, polyethylene glycols and their ethers. Furthermore, 7 compounds with unknown use and sources of exposure were tentatively identified, either indicating the entry of new chemicals into the market, or their metabolites and transformation products. Interestingly, several BoE showed location and time dependency. Globally, this study presents high-throughput approach to SS/NTS for HBM. The results shed a light on the exposure of Slovenian children and raise questions on potential adverse health effects of such mixtures on this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Žiga Tkalec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Garry Codling
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Janja Snoj Tratnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jana Klánová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Kosjek
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|