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Hatano R, Smith AM, Raman R, Zamora JE, Bashir R, McCloskey KE. Comparing fabrication techniques for engineered cardiac tissue. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1921-1929. [PMID: 38752415 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering can provide in vitro models for drug testing, disease modeling, and perhaps someday, tissue/organ replacements. For building 3D heart tissue, the alignment of cardiac cells or cardiomyocytes (CMs) is important in generating a synchronously contracting tissue. To that end, researchers have generated several fabrication methods for building heart tissue, but direct comparisons of pros and cons using the same cell source is lacking. Here, we derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and compare the assembly of these cells using three fabrication methods: cardiospheres, muscle rings, and muscle strips. All three protocols successfully generated compacted tissue comprised of hiPSC-derived CMs stable for at least 2 weeks. The percentage of aligned cells was greatest in the muscle strip (55%) and the muscle ring (50%) compared with the relatively unaligned cardiospheres (35%). The iPSC-derived CMs within the muscle strip also exhibited the greatest elongation, with elongation factor at 2.0 compared with 1.5 for the muscle ring and 1.2 for the cardiospheres. This is the first direct comparison of various fabrication techniques using the same cell source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hatano
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering and Small-scale Technologies, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Ariell M Smith
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Ritu Raman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Jose E Zamora
- Graduate Program in Materials and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA
| | - Kara E McCloskey
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering and Small-scale Technologies, University of California, Merced, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of California, Merced, USA
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2
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Czarnogórski MC, Koper K, Petrasz P, Vetterlein MW, Pokrywczyńska M, Juszczak K, Drewa T, Adamowicz J. Urinary bladder transplantation in humans - current status and future perspectives. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00935-2. [PMID: 39304780 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Urinary bladder vascularized allograft transplantation in humans is currently extensively being investigated worldwide, owing to the theoretical potential of this approach as a therapeutic option for individuals with end-stage, non-oncological bladder conditions or congenital bladder pathologies. To date, a successful attempt at urinary bladder autotransplantation was carried out in a heart-beating brain-dead research human donor. The robot-assisted surgical technique was shown to be optimal for performing this procedure, achieving a good performance in terms of both bladder allograft collection as well as vascular, ureterovesical and vesicourethral anastomoses. The urinary bladder vascularized allograft would be an alternative to traditional urinary diversion methods that rely on the use of intestinal segments, potentially avoiding adverse effects associated with these approaches. However, different from ileal urinary diversion, bladder transplantation would require lifelong immune suppression. Clinical trials are in progress to assess the vascularized bladder allograft transplantation technique, as well as the safety of this procedure in oncological and non-oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał C Czarnogórski
- Department and Chair of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Koper
- Department of Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Petrasz
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Multidisciplinary Regional Hospital in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Malte W Vetterlein
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marta Pokrywczyńska
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kajetan Juszczak
- Department and Chair of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Department and Chair of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jan Adamowicz
- Department and Chair of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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3
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Rossi A, Furlani F, Bassi G, Cunha C, Lunghi A, Molinari F, Teran FJ, Lista F, Bianchi M, Piperno A, Montesi M, Panseri S. Contactless magnetically responsive injectable hydrogel for aligned tissue regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101110. [PMID: 39211510 PMCID: PMC11360152 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular alignment plays a pivotal role in several human tissues, including skeletal muscle, spinal cord and tendon. Various techniques have been developed to control cellular alignment using 3D biomaterials. However, the majority of 3D-aligned scaffolds require invasive surgery for implantation. In contrast, injectable hydrogels provide a non-invasive delivery method, gaining considerable attention for the treatment of diverse conditions, including osteochondral lesions, volumetric muscle loss, and traumatic brain injury. We engineered a biomimetic hydrogel with magnetic responsiveness by combining gellan gum, hyaluronic acid, collagen, and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Collagen type I was paired with MNPs to form magnetic collagen bundles (MCollB), allowing the orientation control of these bundles within the hydrogel matrix through the application of a remote low-intensity magnetic field. This resulted in the creation of an anisotropic architecture. The hydrogel mechanical properties were comparable to those of human soft tissues, such as skeletal muscle, and proof of the aligned hydrogel concept was demonstrated. In vitro findings confirmed the absence of toxicity and pro-inflammatory effects. Notably, an increased fibroblast cell proliferation and pro-regenerative activation of macrophages were observed. The in-vivo study further validated the hydrogel biocompatibility and demonstrated the feasibility of injection with rapid in situ gelation. Consequently, this magnetically controlled injectable hydrogel exhibits significant promise as a minimally invasive, rapid gelling and effective treatment for regenerating various aligned human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Rossi
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy. Via Granarolo 64, 48018. Faenza, Italy
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences. Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Franco Furlani
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy. Via Granarolo 64, 48018. Faenza, Italy
| | - Giada Bassi
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy. Via Granarolo 64, 48018. Faenza, Italy
- University of G. D'Annunzio, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences. Via Luigi Polacchi, 11, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Carla Cunha
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde. Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alice Lunghi
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Section of Physiology, Università di Ferrara 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Filippo Molinari
- Defense Institute for Biomedical Sciences, IGESAN, Via di Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Francisco J. Teran
- iMdea Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Nanotech Solutions, Ctra Madrid23, 40150 Villacastín, Spain
| | - Florigio Lista
- Defense Institute for Biomedical Sciences, IGESAN, Via di Santo Stefano Rotondo 4, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Bianchi
- Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia 44125 Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Piperno
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences. Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy. Via Granarolo 64, 48018. Faenza, Italy
| | - Silvia Panseri
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, National Research Council of Italy. Via Granarolo 64, 48018. Faenza, Italy
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Chapla R, Katz RR, West JL. Neurogenic Cell Behavior in 3D Culture Enhanced Within a Highly Compliant Synthetic Hydrogel Platform Formed via Competitive Crosslinking. Cell Mol Bioeng 2024; 17:35-48. [PMID: 38435792 PMCID: PMC10901766 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-024-00794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Scaffold materials that better support neurogenesis are still needed to improve cell therapy outcomes for neural tissue damage. We have used a modularly tunable, highly compliant, degradable hydrogel to explore the impacts of hydrogel compliance stiffness on neural differentiation. Here we implemented competitive matrix crosslinking mechanics to finely tune synthetic hydrogel moduli within soft tissue stiffnesses, a range much softer than typically achievable in synthetic crosslinked hydrogels, providing a modularly controlled and ultrasoft 3D culture model which supports and enhances neurogenic cell behavior. Methods Soluble competitive allyl monomers were mixed with proteolytically-degradable poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate derivatives and crosslinked to form a matrix, and resultant hydrogel stiffness and diffusive properties were evaluated. Neural PC12 cells or primary rat fetal neural stem cells (NSCs) were encapsulated within the hydrogels, and cell morphology and phenotype were investigated to understand cell-matrix interactions and the effects of environmental stiffness on neural cell behavior within this model. Results Addition of allyl monomers caused a concentration-dependent decrease in hydrogel compressive modulus from 4.40 kPa to 0.26 kPa (natural neural tissue stiffness) without influencing soluble protein diffusion kinetics through the gel matrix. PC12 cells encapsulated in the softest hydrogels showed significantly enhanced neurite extension in comparison to PC12s in all other hydrogel stiffnesses tested. Encapsulated neural stem cells demonstrated significantly greater spreading and elongation in 0.26 kPa alloc hydrogels than in 4.4 kPa hydrogels. When soluble growth factor deprivation (for promotion of neural differentiation) was evaluated within the neural stiffness gels (0.26 kPa), NSCs showed increased neuronal marker expression, indicating early enhancement of neurogenic differentiation. Conclusions Implementing allyl-acrylate crosslinking competition reduced synthetic hydrogel stiffness to provide a supportive environment for 3D neural tissue culture, resulting in enhanced neurogenic behavior of encapsulated cells. These results indicate the potential suitability of this ultrasoft hydrogel system as a model platform for further investigating environmental factors on neural cell behavior. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-024-00794-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Chapla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Rachel R. Katz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Jennifer L. West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA
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5
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Lam D, Enright HA, Cadena J, George VK, Soscia DA, Tooker AC, Triplett M, Peters SKG, Karande P, Ladd A, Bogguri C, Wheeler EK, Fischer NO. Spatiotemporal analysis of 3D human iPSC-derived neural networks using a 3D multi-electrode array. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1287089. [PMID: 38026689 PMCID: PMC10679684 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1287089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
While there is a growing appreciation of three-dimensional (3D) neural tissues (i.e., hydrogel-based, organoids, and spheroids), shown to improve cellular health and network activity to mirror brain-like activity in vivo, functional assessment using current electrophysiology techniques (e.g., planar multi-electrode arrays or patch clamp) has been technically challenging and limited to surface measurements at the bottom or top of the 3D tissue. As next-generation MEAs, specifically 3D MEAs, are being developed to increase the spatial precision across all three dimensions (X, Y, Z), development of improved computational analytical tools to discern region-specific changes within the Z dimension of the 3D tissue is needed. In the present study, we introduce a novel computational analytical pipeline to analyze 3D neural network activity recorded from a "bottom-up" 3D MEA integrated with a 3D hydrogel-based tissue containing human iPSC-derived neurons and primary astrocytes. Over a period of ~6.5 weeks, we describe the development and maturation of 3D neural activity (i.e., features of spiking and bursting activity) within cross sections of the 3D tissue, based on the vertical position of the electrode on the 3D MEA probe, in addition to network activity (identified using synchrony analysis) within and between cross sections. Then, using the sequential addition of postsynaptic receptor antagonists, bicuculline (BIC), 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (AP-5), and 6-cyano-5-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), we demonstrate that networks within and between cross sections of the 3D hydrogel-based tissue show a preference for GABA and/or glutamate synaptic transmission, suggesting differences in the network composition throughout the neural tissue. The ability to monitor the functional dynamics of the entire 3D reconstructed neural tissue is a critical bottleneck; here we demonstrate a computational pipeline that can be implemented in studies to better interpret network activity within an engineered 3D neural tissue and have a better understanding of the modeled organ tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Lam
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Heather A. Enright
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Jose Cadena
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Vivek Kurien George
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - David A. Soscia
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Angela C. Tooker
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Michael Triplett
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Sandra K. G. Peters
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Piyush Karande
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Alexander Ladd
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Chandrakumar Bogguri
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth K. Wheeler
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas O. Fischer
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
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6
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Liu J, Liu S, Zeng L, Tsilioni I. Amyloid Beta Peptides Lead to Mast Cell Activation in a Novel 3D Hydrogel Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12002. [PMID: 37569378 PMCID: PMC10419190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease and the world's primary cause of dementia among the elderly population. The aggregation of toxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) is one of the main pathological hallmarks of the AD brain. Recently, neuroinflammation has been recognized as one of the major features of AD, which involves a network of interactions between immune cells. The mast cell (MC) is an innate immune cell type known to serve as a first responder to pathological changes and crosstalk with microglia and neurons. Although an increased number of mast cells were found near the sites of Aβ deposition, how mast cells are activated in AD is not clear. We developed a 3D culture system to culture MCs and investigated the activation of MCs by Aβ peptides. Because collagen I is the major component of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the brain, we encapsulated human LADR MCs in gels formed by collagen I. We found that 3D-cultured MCs survived and proliferated at the same level as MCs in suspension. Additionally, they can be induced to secrete inflammatory cytokines as well as MC proteases tryptase and chymase by typical MC activators interleukin 33 (IL-33) and IgE/anti-IgE. Culturing with peptides Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, and Aβ25-35 caused MCs to secrete inflammatory mediators, with Aβ1-42 inducing the maximum level of activation. These data indicate that MCs respond to amyloid deposition to elicit inflammatory responses and demonstrate the validity of collagen gel as a model system to investigate MCs in a 3D environment to understand neuroinflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshu Liu
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (J.L.)
| | - Sihan Liu
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (J.L.)
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (J.L.)
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Program in Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Program in Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Irene Tsilioni
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (J.L.)
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7
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Rouleau N, Murugan NJ, Kaplan DL. Functional bioengineered models of the central nervous system. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2023; 1:252-270. [PMID: 37064657 PMCID: PMC9903289 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The functional complexity of the central nervous system (CNS) is unparalleled in living organisms. Its nested cells, circuits and networks encode memories, move bodies and generate experiences. Neural tissues can be engineered to assemble model systems that recapitulate essential features of the CNS and to investigate neurodevelopment, delineate pathophysiology, improve regeneration and accelerate drug discovery. In this Review, we discuss essential structure-function relationships of the CNS and examine materials and design considerations, including composition, scale, complexity and maturation, of cell biology-based and engineering-based CNS models. We highlight region-specific CNS models that can emulate functions of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, spinal cord, neural-X interfaces and other regions, and investigate a range of applications for CNS models, including fundamental and clinical research. We conclude with an outlook to future possibilities of CNS models, highlighting the engineering challenges that remain to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rouleau
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA USA
| | - Nirosha J. Murugan
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA USA
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA USA
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Message in a Scaffold: Natural Biomaterials for Three-Dimensional (3D) Bioprinting of Human Brain Organoids. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010025. [PMID: 36671410 PMCID: PMC9855696 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain organoids are invaluable tools for pathophysiological studies or drug screening, but there are still challenges to overcome in making them more reproducible and relevant. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of human neural organoids is an emerging approach that may overcome the limitations of self-organized organoids. It requires the development of optimal hydrogels, and a wealth of research has improved our knowledge about biomaterials both in terms of their intrinsic properties and their relevance on 3D culture of brain cells and tissue. Although biomaterials are rarely biologically neutral, few articles have reviewed their roles on neural cells. We here review the current knowledge on unmodified biomaterials amenable to support 3D bioprinting of neural organoids with a particular interest in their impact on cell homeostasis. Alginate is a particularly suitable bioink base for cell encapsulation. Gelatine is a valuable helper agent for 3D bioprinting due to its viscosity. Collagen, fibrin, hyaluronic acid and laminin provide biological support to adhesion, motility, differentiation or synaptogenesis and optimize the 3D culture of neural cells. Optimization of specialized hydrogels to direct differentiation of stem cells together with an increased resolution in phenotype analysis will further extend the spectrum of possible bioprinted brain disease models.
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9
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Zhang SY, Zhao J, Ni JJ, Li H, Quan ZZ, Qing H. Application and prospects of high-throughput screening for in vitro neurogenesis. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:393-419. [PMID: 35949394 PMCID: PMC9244953 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i6.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, high-throughput screening (HTS) has made great contributions to new drug discovery. HTS technology is equipped with higher throughput, minimized platforms, more automated and computerized operating systems, more efficient and sensitive detection devices, and rapid data processing systems. At the same time, in vitro neurogenesis is gradually becoming important in establishing models to investigate the mechanisms of neural disease or developmental processes. However, challenges remain in generating more mature and functional neurons with specific subtypes and in establishing robust and standardized three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models with neural cells cultured in 3D matrices or organoids representing specific brain regions. Here, we review the applications of HTS technologies on in vitro neurogenesis, especially aiming at identifying the essential genes, chemical small molecules and adaptive microenvironments that hold great prospects for generating functional neurons or more reproductive and homogeneous 3D organoids. We also discuss the developmental tendency of HTS technology, e.g., so-called next-generation screening, which utilizes 3D organoid-based screening combined with microfluidic devices to narrow the gap between in vitro models and in vivo situations both physiologically and pathologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Aerospace Medical Center, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun-Jun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Quan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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10
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Lv Z, Dong C, Zhang T, Zhang S. Hydrogels in Spinal Cord Injury Repair: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:931800. [PMID: 35800332 PMCID: PMC9253563 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.931800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traffic accidents and falling objects are responsible for most spinal cord injuries (SCIs). SCI is characterized by high disability and tends to occur among the young, seriously affecting patients' lives and quality of life. The key aims of repairing SCI include preventing secondary nerve injury, inhibiting glial scarring and inflammatory response, and promoting nerve regeneration. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and degradability, low immunogenicity, and easy-to-adjust mechanical properties. While providing structural scaffolds for tissues, hydrogels can also be used as slow-release carriers in neural tissue engineering to promote cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, as well as accelerate the repair of damaged tissue. This review discusses the characteristics of hydrogels and their advantages as delivery vehicles, as well as expounds on the progress made in hydrogel therapy (alone or combined with cells and molecules) to repair SCI. In addition, we discuss the prospects of hydrogels in clinical research and provide new ideas for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenshan Lv
- The Department of Spinal Surgery, 1st Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spine Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- Medical Insurance Management Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- The Department of Spinal Surgery, 1st Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spine Cord Injury, Changchun, China
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11
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Wei Z, Sun T, Shimoda S, Chen Z, Chen X, Wang H, Huang Q, Fukuda T, Shi Q. Bio-inspired engineering of a perfusion culture platform for guided three-dimensional nerve cell growth and differentiation. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1006-1017. [PMID: 35147637 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01149a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Collagen provides a promising environment for 3D nerve cell culture; however, the function of perfusion culture and cell-growth guidance is difficult to integrate into such an environment to promote cell growth. In this paper, we develop a bio-inspired design method for constructing a perfusion culture platform for guided nerve cell growth and differentiation in collagen. Based on the anatomical structure of peripheral neural tissue, a biomimetic porous structure (BPS) is fabricated by two-photon polymerization of IP-Visio. The micro-capillary effect is then utilized to facilitate the self-assembly of cell encapsulated collagen into the BPS. 3D perfusion culture can be rapidly implemented by inserting the cell-filled BPS into a pipette tip connected with syringe pumps. Furthermore, we investigate the nerve cell behavior in the BPS. 7-channel aligned cellular structures surrounded with a Schwann cell layer can be stably formed after a long-time perfusion culture. Differentiation of PC12 cells and mouse neural stem cells shows 3D neurite outgrowth alignment and elongation in collagen. The calcium activities of differentiated PC12 cells are visualized for confirming the preliminary formation of cell function. These results demonstrate that the proposed bio-inspired 3D cell culture platform with the advantages of miniaturization, structure complexity and perfusion has great potential for future application in the study of nerve regeneration and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihou Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shingo Shimoda
- Center of Brain Science (CBS), CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center (BTCC), Intelligent Behaviour Control Unit, Riken, Nagoya 463-0003, Japan
| | - Zhe Chen
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, 100081, People's Republic of China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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12
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Samanipour R, Tahmooressi H, Rezaei Nejad H, Hirano M, Shin SR, Hoorfar M. A review on 3D printing functional brain model. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:011501. [PMID: 35145569 PMCID: PMC8816519 DOI: 10.1063/5.0074631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Modern neuroscience increasingly relies on 3D models to study neural circuitry, nerve regeneration, and neural disease. Several different biofabrication approaches have been explored to create 3D neural tissue model structures. Among them, 3D bioprinting has shown to have great potential to emerge as a high-throughput/high precision biofabrication strategy that can address the growing need for 3D neural models. Here, we have reviewed the design principles for neural tissue engineering. The main challenge to adapt printing technologies for biofabrication of neural tissue models is the development of neural bioink, i.e., a biomaterial with printability and gelation properties and also suitable for neural tissue culture. This review shines light on a vast range of biomaterials as well as the fundamentals of 3D neural tissue printing. Also, advances in 3D bioprinting technologies are reviewed especially for bioprinted neural models. Finally, the techniques used to evaluate the fabricated 2D and 3D neural models are discussed and compared in terms of feasibility and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamed Tahmooressi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Hojatollah Rezaei Nejad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 161 College Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | | | - Su-Royn Shin
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
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13
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Lam D, Fischer NO, Enright HA. Probing function in 3D neuronal cultures: A survey of 3D multielectrode array advances. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 60:255-260. [PMID: 34481335 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in microphysiological systems have made significant strides to include design features that reconstruct key elements found in the brain, and in parallel advance technologies to detect the activity of electrogenic cells that form neural networks. In particular, three-dimensional multielectrode arrays (3D MEAs) are being developed with increasing levels of spatial and temporal precision, difficult to achieve with current 2D MEAs, insertable MEA probes, and/or optical imaging of calcium dynamics. Thus, providing a means to monitor the flow of neural network activity within all three dimensions (X, Y, and Z) of the engineered tissue. In the last 6 years, 3D MEAs, using either bottom-up or top-down designs, have been developed to overcome the current technical challenges in monitoring the functionality of the in vitro systems. Herein, we will report on the design and application of novel 3D MEA prototypes for probing neural activity throughout the 3D neural tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Lam
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Nicholas O Fischer
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Heather A Enright
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
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14
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Rezaei A, Aligholi H, Zeraatpisheh Z, Gholami A, Mirzaei E. Collagen/chitosan-functionalized graphene oxide hydrogel provide a 3D matrix for neural stem/precursor cells survival, adhesion, infiltration and migration. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/08839115211022453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To have therapeutic promise of neural stem/precursor cells (NS/PCs) an appropriate scaffold is mostly essential. This study was conducted to fabricate collagen (Col)/chitosan-functionalized graphene oxide (CSGO) nanocomposite hydrogel and evaluated it as scaffold for NS/PCs. Graphene oxide was first functionalized with chitosan and the obtained CSGO was then added to Col solution and the solution underwent hydrogel formation. GO sheets were exfoliated after CS functionalization and the CSGO was homogenously dispersed in Col hydrogel. CSGO addition resulted in hydrogels with higher porosity and smaller Col fibers. Furthermore, CSGO increased the gelation time and water absorption capacity while the degradation was decreased. Cell studies demonstrated higher viability of NS/PCs on Col/CSGO hydrogel comparing with Col and poly-l-lysine as control (Cnt). NS/PCs were also penetrated into the Col/CSGO hydrogel and showed more cell spreading, neurite outgrowth and inter-cell connections in comparison with Col hydrogel. In addition, the cells traveled longer distance on Col/CSGO hydrogels than on Col and Cnt, indicating excellent migration capacity of NS/PCs on Col/CSGO hydrogel. Our results indicate the potential Col/CSGO hydrogels as an appropriate scaffold for NS/PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rezaei
- School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hadi Aligholi
- School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Department of Neuroscience, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Epilepsy research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Zeraatpisheh
- School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Department of Neuroscience, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Pharmaceutical Science Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mirzaei
- School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Tupone MG, d'Angelo M, Castelli V, Catanesi M, Benedetti E, Cimini A. A State-of-the-Art of Functional Scaffolds for 3D Nervous Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:639765. [PMID: 33816451 PMCID: PMC8012845 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.639765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring and developing multifunctional intelligent biomaterials is crucial to improve next-generation therapies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Recent findings show how distinct characteristics of in situ microenvironment can be mimicked by using different biomaterials. In vivo tissue architecture is characterized by the interconnection between cells and specific components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Last evidence shows the importance of the structure and composition of the ECM in the development of cellular and molecular techniques, to achieve the best biodegradable and bioactive biomaterial compatible to human physiology. Such biomaterials provide specialized bioactive signals to regulate the surrounding biological habitat, through the progression of wound healing and biomaterial integration. The connection between stem cells and biomaterials stimulate the occurrence of specific modifications in terms of cell properties and fate, influencing then processes such as self-renewal, cell adhesion and differentiation. Recent studies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have shown to deal with a broad area of applications, offering the most efficient and suitable strategies to neural repair and regeneration, drawing attention towards the potential use of biomaterials as 3D tools for in vitro neurodevelopment of tissue models, both in physiological and pathological conditions. In this direction, there are several tools supporting cell regeneration, which associate cytokines and other soluble factors delivery through the scaffold, and different approaches considering the features of the biomaterials, for an increased functionalization of the scaffold and for a better promotion of neural proliferation and cells-ECM interplay. In fact, 3D scaffolds need to ensure a progressive and regular delivery of cytokines, growth factors, or biomolecules, and moreover they should serve as a guide and support for injured tissues. It is also possible to create scaffolds with different layers, each one possessing different physical and biochemical aspects, able to provide at the same time organization, support and maintenance of the specific cell phenotype and diversified ECM morphogenesis. Our review summarizes the most recent advancements in functional materials, which are crucial to achieve the best performance and at the same time, to overcome the current limitations in tissue engineering and nervous tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Tupone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Center for Microscopy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mariano Catanesi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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16
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Moradi SZ, Jalili F, Farhadian N, Joshi T, Wang M, Zou L, Cao H, Farzaei MH, Xiao J. Polyphenols and neurodegenerative diseases: focus on neuronal regeneration. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3421-3436. [PMID: 33393375 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1865870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are questions that modern therapeutics can still not answer. Great milestones have been achieved regarding liver, heart, skin, kidney and other types of organ transplantations but the greatest drawback is the adequate supply of these organs. Furthermore, there are still a few options available in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. With great advances in medical science, many health problems faced by humans have been solved, and their quality of life is improving. Moreover, diseases that were incurable in the past have now been fully cured. Still, the area of regenerative medicine, especially concerning neuronal regeneration, is in its infancy. Presently allopathic drugs, surgical procedures, organ transplantation, stem cell therapy forms the core of regenerative therapy. However, many times, the currently used therapies cannot completely cure damaged organs and neurodegenerative diseases. The current review focuses on the concepts of regeneration, hurdles faced in the path of regenerative therapy, neurodegenerative diseases and the idea of using peptides, cytokines, tissue engineering, genetic engineering, advanced stem cell therapy, and polyphenolic phytochemicals to cure damaged tissues and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Faramarz Jalili
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Negin Farhadian
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tanuj Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumaun University (Nainital), Nainital, India
| | - Mingfu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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17
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Chapla R, Alhaj Abed M, West J. Modulating Functionalized Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Hydrogel Mechanical Properties through Competitive Crosslinking Mechanics for Soft Tissue Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3000. [PMID: 33339216 PMCID: PMC7766244 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Local mechanical stiffness influences cell behavior, and thus cell culture scaffolds should approximate the stiffness of the tissue type from which the cells are derived. In synthetic hydrogels, this has been difficult to achieve for very soft tissues such as neural. This work presents a method for reducing the stiffness of mechanically and biochemically tunable synthetic poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels to within the soft tissue stiffness regime by altering the organization of the crosslinking sites. A soluble allyl-presenting monomer, which has a higher propensity for chain termination than acrylate monomers, was introduced into the PEG-diacrylate hydrogel precursor solution before crosslinking, resulting in acrylate-allyl competition and a reduction in gel compressive modulus from 5.1 ± 0.48 kPa to 0.32 ± 0.09 kPa. Both allyl monomer concentration and chemical structure were shown to influence the effectiveness of competition and change in stiffness. Fibroblast cells demonstrated a 37% reduction in average cell spread area on the softest hydrogels produced as compared to cells on control hydrogels, while the average percentage of neural cells extending neurites increased by 41% on these hydrogels, demonstrating the potential for this technology to serve as a soft tissue culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; (R.C.); (M.A.A.)
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18
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Sergi R, Bellucci D, Cannillo V. A Review of Bioactive Glass/Natural Polymer Composites: State of the Art. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5560. [PMID: 33291305 PMCID: PMC7730917 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, alginate, and cellulose are biocompatible and non-cytotoxic, being attractive natural polymers for medical devices for both soft and hard tissues. However, such natural polymers have low bioactivity and poor mechanical properties, which limit their applications. To tackle these drawbacks, collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, alginate, and cellulose can be combined with bioactive glass (BG) nanoparticles and microparticles to produce composites. The incorporation of BGs improves the mechanical properties of the final system as well as its bioactivity and regenerative potential. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated that polymer/BG composites may improve angiogenesis, neo-vascularization, cells adhesion, and proliferation. This review presents the state of the art and future perspectives of collagen, gelatin, silk fibroin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, alginate, and cellulose matrices combined with BG particles to develop composites such as scaffolds, injectable fillers, membranes, hydrogels, and coatings. Emphasis is devoted to the biological potentialities of these hybrid systems, which look rather promising toward a wide spectrum of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valeria Cannillo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (R.S.); (D.B.)
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19
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Qiu B, Bessler N, Figler K, Buchholz M, Rios AC, Malda J, Levato R, Caiazzo M. Bioprinting Neural Systems to Model Central Nervous System Diseases. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1910250. [PMID: 34566552 PMCID: PMC8444304 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201910250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
To date, pharmaceutical progresses in central nervous system (CNS) diseases are clearly hampered by the lack of suitable disease models. Indeed, animal models do not faithfully represent human neurodegenerative processes and human in vitro 2D cell culture systems cannot recapitulate the in vivo complexity of neural systems. The search for valuable models of neurodegenerative diseases has recently been revived by the addition of 3D culture that allows to re-create the in vivo microenvironment including the interactions among different neural cell types and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In this review, the new challenges in the field of CNS diseases in vitro 3D modeling are discussed, focusing on the implementation of bioprinting approaches enabling positional control on the generation of the 3D microenvironments. The focus is specifically on the choice of the optimal materials to simulate the ECM brain compartment and the biofabrication technologies needed to shape the cellular components within a microenvironment that significantly represents brain biochemical and biophysical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boning Qiu
- Department of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99Utrecht3584 CGThe Netherlands
| | - Nils Bessler
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyHeidelberglaan 25Utrecht3584 CSThe Netherlands
| | - Kianti Figler
- Department of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99Utrecht3584 CGThe Netherlands
| | - Maj‐Britt Buchholz
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyHeidelberglaan 25Utrecht3584 CSThe Netherlands
| | - Anne C. Rios
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric OncologyHeidelberglaan 25Utrecht3584 CSThe Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityHeidelberglaan 100Utrecht3584CXThe Netherlands
- Department of Equine SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityYalelaan 112Utrecht3584CXThe Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityHeidelberglaan 100Utrecht3584CXThe Netherlands
- Department of Equine SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityYalelaan 112Utrecht3584CXThe Netherlands
| | - Massimiliano Caiazzo
- Department of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Utrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 99Utrecht3584 CGThe Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical BiotechnologyUniversity of Naples “Federico II”Via Pansini 5Naples80131Italy
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20
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Lovett ML, Nieland TJ, Dingle YTL, Kaplan DL. Innovations in 3-Dimensional Tissue Models of Human Brain Physiology and Diseases. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909146. [PMID: 34211358 PMCID: PMC8240470 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
3-dimensional (3D) laboratory tissue cultures have emerged as an alternative to traditional 2-dimensional (2D) culture systems that do not recapitulate native cell behavior. The discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro tissue-cell-molecular responses impedes understanding of human physiology in general and creates roadblocks for the discovery of therapeutic solutions. Two parallel approaches have emerged for the design of 3D culture systems. The first is biomedical engineering methodology, including bioengineered materials, bioprinting, microfluidics and bioreactors, used alone or in combination, to mimic the microenvironments of native tissues. The second approach is organoid technology, in which stem cells are exposed to chemical and/or biological cues to activate differentiation programs that are reminiscent of human (prenatal) development. This review article describes recent technological advances in engineering 3D cultures that more closely resemble the human brain. The contributions of in vitro 3D tissue culture systems to new insights in neurophysiology, neurological diseases and regenerative medicine are highlighted. Perspectives on designing improved tissue models of the human brain are offered, focusing on an integrative approach merging biomedical engineering tools with organoid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Lovett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Thomas J.F. Nieland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Yu-Ting L. Dingle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
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21
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The Fate of Transplanted Olfactory Progenitors Is Conditioned by the Cell Phenotypes of the Receiver Brain Tissue in Cocultures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197249. [PMID: 33008128 PMCID: PMC7582579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the numerous candidates for cell therapy of the central nervous system (CNS), olfactory progenitors (OPs) represent an interesting alternative because they are free of ethical concerns, are easy to collect, and allow autologous transplantation. In the present study, we focused on the optimization of neuron production and maturation. It is known that plated OPs respond to various trophic factors, and we also showed that the use of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) allowed switching from a 60/40 neuron/glia ratio to an 80/20 one. Nevertheless, in order to focus on the integration of OPs in mature neural circuits, we cocultured OPs in primary cultures obtained from the cortex and hippocampus of newborn mice. When dissociated OPs were plated, they differentiated into both glial and neuronal phenotypes, but we obtained a 1.5-fold higher viability in cortex/OP cocultures than in hippocampus/OP ones. The fate of OPs in cocultures was characterized with different markers such as BrdU, Map-2, and Synapsin, indicating a healthy integration. These results suggest that the integration of transplanted OPs might by affected by trophic factors and the environmental conditions/cell phenotypes of the host tissue. Thus, a model of coculture could provide useful information on key cell events for the use of progenitors in cell therapy.
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22
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Vagaska B, Gillham O, Ferretti P. Modelling human CNS injury with human neural stem cells in 2- and 3-Dimensional cultures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6785. [PMID: 32321995 PMCID: PMC7176653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult human central nervous system (CNS) has very limited regenerative capability, and injury at the cellular and molecular level cannot be studied in vivo. Modelling neural damage in human systems is crucial to identifying species-specific responses to injury and potentially neurotoxic compounds leading to development of more effective neuroprotective agents. Hence we developed human neural stem cell (hNSC) 3-dimensional (3D) cultures and tested their potential for modelling neural insults, including hypoxic-ischaemic and Ca2+-dependent injury. Standard 3D conditions for rodent cells support neuroblastoma lines used as human CNS models, but not hNSCs, but in all cases changes in culture architecture alter gene expression. Importantly, response to damage differs in 2D and 3D cultures and this is not due to reduced drug accessibility. Together, this study highlights the impact of culture cytoarchitecture on hNSC phenotype and damage response, indicating that 3D models may be better predictors of in vivo response to damage and compound toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Vagaska
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Olivia Gillham
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Patrizia Ferretti
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
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23
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Soscia DA, Lam D, Tooker AC, Enright HA, Triplett M, Karande P, Peters SKG, Sales AP, Wheeler EK, Fischer NO. A flexible 3-dimensional microelectrode array for in vitro brain models. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:901-911. [PMID: 31976505 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc01148j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models have become increasingly popular as systems to study cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions dependent on the spatial, mechanical, and chemical cues within the environment of the tissue, which is limited in traditional two-dimensional (2D) models. Although electrophysiological recordings of neuronal action potentials through 2D microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are a common and trusted method of evaluating neuronal function, network communication, and response to chemicals and biologicals, there are currently limited options for measuring electrophysiological activity from many locations simultaneously throughout a 3D network of neurons in vitro. Here, we have developed a thin-film, 3D flexible microelectrode array (3DMEA) that non-invasively interrogates a 3D culture of neurons and can accommodate 256 channels of recording or stimulation. Importantly, the 3DMEA is straightforward to fabricate and integrates with standard commercially available electrophysiology hardware. Polyimide probe arrays were microfabricated on glass substrates and mechanically actuated to collectively lift the arrays into a vertical position, relying solely on plastic deformation of their base hinge regions to maintain vertical alignment. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons and astrocytes were entrapped in a collagen-based hydrogel and seeded onto the 3DMEA, enabling growth of suspended cells in the matrix and the formation and maturation of a neural network around the 3DMEA probes. The 3DMEA supported the growth of functional neurons in 3D with action potential spike and burst activity recorded over 45 days in vitro. This platform is an important step in facilitating noninvasive electrophysiological characterization of 3D networks of electroactive cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Soscia
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Doris Lam
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Angela C Tooker
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Heather A Enright
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Michael Triplett
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Piyush Karande
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Sandra K G Peters
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Ana Paula Sales
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Wheeler
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Nicholas O Fischer
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
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Mostajo-Radji MA, Schmitz MT, Montoya ST, Pollen AA. Reverse engineering human brain evolution using organoid models. Brain Res 2020; 1729:146582. [PMID: 31809699 PMCID: PMC7058376 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Primate brains vary dramatically in size and organization, but the genetic and developmental basis for these differences has been difficult to study due to lack of experimental models. Pluripotent stem cells and brain organoids provide a potential opportunity for comparative and functional studies of evolutionary differences, particularly during the early stages of neurogenesis. However, many challenges remain, including isolating stem cell lines from additional great ape individuals and species to capture the breadth of ape genetic diversity, improving the reproducibility of organoid models to study evolved differences in cell composition and combining multiple brain regions to capture connectivity relationships. Here, we describe strategies for identifying evolved developmental differences between humans and non-human primates and for isolating the underlying cellular and genetic mechanisms using comparative analyses, chimeric organoid culture, and genome engineering. In particular, we focus on how organoid models could ultimately be applied beyond studies of progenitor cell evolution to decode the origin of recent changes in cellular organization, connectivity patterns, myelination, synaptic development, and physiology that have been implicated in human cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mostajo-Radji
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthew T Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sebastian Torres Montoya
- Health Co-creation Laboratory, Medellin General Hospital, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia; Baskin School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Alex A Pollen
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Cembran A, Bruggeman KF, Williams RJ, Parish CL, Nisbet DR. Biomimetic Materials and Their Utility in Modeling the 3-Dimensional Neural Environment. iScience 2020; 23:100788. [PMID: 31954980 PMCID: PMC6970178 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is a complex 3-dimensional structure, the organization of which provides a local environment that directly influences the survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and plasticity of neurons. To probe the effects of damage and disease on these cells, a synthetic environment is needed. Three-dimensional culturing of stem cells, neural progenitors, and neurons within fabricated biomaterials has demonstrated superior biomimetic properties over conventional 2-dimensional cultureware, offering direct recapitulation of both cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Within this review we address the benefits of deploying biomaterials as advanced cell culture tools capable of influencing neuronal fate and as in vitro models of the native in vivo microenvironment. We highlight recent and promising biomaterials approaches toward understanding neural network and their function relevant to neurodevelopment and provide our perspective on how these materials can be engineered and programmed to study both the healthy and diseased nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Cembran
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Kiara F Bruggeman
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | | | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - David R Nisbet
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
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Murphy AR, Haynes JM, Laslett AL, Cameron NR, O'Brien CM. Three-dimensional differentiation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural precursor cells using tailored porous polymer scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2020; 101:102-116. [PMID: 31610339 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the utility of a tailored poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-crosslinked porous polymeric tissue engineering scaffold, with mechanical properties specifically optimised to be comparable to that of mammalian brain tissue for 3D human neural cell culture. Results obtained here demonstrate the attachment, proliferation and terminal differentiation of both human induced pluripotent stem cell- and embryonic stem cell-derived neural precursor cells (hPSC-NPCs) throughout the interconnected porous network within laminin-coated scaffolds. Phenotypic data and functional analyses are presented demonstrating that this material supports terminal in vitro neural differentiation of hPSC-NPCs to a mixed population of viable neuronal and glial cells for periods of up to 49 days. This is evidenced by the upregulation of TUBB3, MAP2, SYP and GFAP gene expression, as well as the presence of the proteins βIII-TUBULIN, NEUN, MAP2 and GFAP. Functional maturity of neural cells following 49 days 3D differentiation culture was tested via measurement of intracellular calcium. These analyses revealed spontaneously active, synchronous and rhythmic calcium flux, as well as response to the neurotransmitter glutamate. This tailored construct has potential application as an improved in vitro human neurogenesis model with utility in platform drug discovery programs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The interconnected porosity of polyHIPE scaffolds exhibits the ability to support three-dimensional neural cell network formation due to limited resistance to cellular migration and re-organisation. The previously developed scaffold material displays mechanical properties similar to that of the mammalian brain. This research also employs the utility of pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cells which are of greater clinical relevance than primary neural cell lines. This scaffold material has future potential in better mimicking three-dimensional neural networks found in the human brain and may result in improved in vitro models for disease modelling and drug screening applications.
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27
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Optimizing cell encapsulation condition in ECM-Collagen I hydrogels to support 3D neuronal cultures. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 329:108460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Chermansky C, Mitsogiannis I, Abrams P, Apostolidis A. Stem cells and lower urinary tract dysfunction: Has its potential finally reached clinical maturity? ICI‐RS2018. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 38 Suppl 5:S134-S141. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.24069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iraklis Mitsogiannis
- 2nd Department of UrologySismanogleio General HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens Greece
| | - Paul Abrams
- Bristol Urological InstituteUniversity of BristolBristol UK
| | - Apostolos Apostolidis
- 2nd Department of Urology, Papageorgiou General HospitalAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki Greece
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29
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Lai B, Che M, Feng B, Bai Y, Li G, Ma Y, Wang L, Huang M, Wang Y, Jiang B, Ding Y, Zeng X, Zeng Y. Tissue-Engineered Neural Network Graft Relays Excitatory Signal in the Completely Transected Canine Spinal Cord. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901240. [PMID: 31763143 PMCID: PMC6864506 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering produces constructs with defined functions for the targeted treatment of damaged tissue. A complete spinal cord injury (SCI) model is generated in canines to test whether in vitro constructed neural network (NN) tissues can relay the excitatory signal across the lesion gap to the caudal spinal cord. Established protocols are used to construct neural stem cell (NSC)-derived NN tissue characterized by a predominantly neuronal population with robust trans-synaptic activities and myelination. The NN tissue is implanted into the gap immediately following complete transection SCI of canines at the T10 spinal cord segment. The data show significant motor recovery of paralyzed pelvic limbs, as evaluated by Olby scoring and cortical motor evoked potential (CMEP) detection. The NN tissue survives in the lesion area with neuronal phenotype maintenance, improves descending and ascending nerve fiber regeneration, and synaptic integration with host neural circuits that allow it to serve as a neuronal relay to transmit excitatory electrical signal across the injured area to the caudal spinal cord. These results suggest that tissue-engineered NN grafts can relay the excitatory signal in the completely transected canine spinal cord, providing a promising strategy for SCI treatment in large animals, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi‐Qin Lai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
- Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001China
| | - Ming‐Tian Che
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
| | - Bo Feng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yu‐Rong Bai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ge Li
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Yuan‐Huan Ma
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Lai‐Jian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Meng‐Yao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ya‐Qiong Wang
- Department of Electron MicroscopeZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Yuan‐Shan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
- Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
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Antill-O'Brien N, Bourke J, O'Connell CD. Layer-By-Layer: The Case for 3D Bioprinting Neurons to Create Patient-Specific Epilepsy Models. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3218. [PMID: 31581436 PMCID: PMC6804258 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability to create three-dimensional (3D) models of brain tissue from patient-derived cells, would open new possibilities in studying the neuropathology of disorders such as epilepsy and schizophrenia. While organoid culture has provided impressive examples of patient-specific models, the generation of organised 3D structures remains a challenge. 3D bioprinting is a rapidly developing technology where living cells, encapsulated in suitable bioink matrices, are printed to form 3D structures. 3D bioprinting may provide the capability to organise neuronal populations in 3D, through layer-by-layer deposition, and thereby recapitulate the complexity of neural tissue. However, printing neuron cells raises particular challenges since the biomaterial environment must be of appropriate softness to allow for the neurite extension, properties which are anathema to building self-supporting 3D structures. Here, we review the topic of 3D bioprinting of neurons, including critical discussions of hardware and bio-ink formulation requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Antill-O'Brien
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
| | - Justin Bourke
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
| | - Cathal D O'Connell
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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31
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de la Vega L, Lee C, Sharma R, Amereh M, Willerth SM. 3D bioprinting models of neural tissues: The current state of the field and future directions. Brain Res Bull 2019; 150:240-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Wilems T, Vardhan S, Wu S, Sakiyama-Elbert S. The influence of microenvironment and extracellular matrix molecules in driving neural stem cell fate within biomaterials. Brain Res Bull 2019; 148:25-33. [PMID: 30898579 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of stem cells is a promising potential therapy for central nervous system disease and injury. The capacity for self-renewal, proliferation of progenitor cells, and multi-lineage potential underscores the need for controlling stem cell fate. Furthermore, transplantation within a hostile environment can lead to significant cell death and limited therapeutic potential. Tissue-engineered materials have been developed to both regulate stem cell fate, increase transplanted cell viability, and improve therapeutic outcomes. Traditionally, regulation of stem cell differentiation has been driven through soluble signals, such as growth factors. While these signals are important, insoluble factors from the local microenvironment or extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules also contribute to stem cell activity and fate. Understanding the microenvironment factors that influence stem cell fate, such as mechanical properties, topography, and presentation of specific ECM ligands, is necessary for designing improved biomaterials. Here we review some of the microenvironment factors that regulate stem cell fate and how they can be incorporated into biomaterials as part of potential CNS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wilems
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Sangamithra Vardhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Siliang Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Shelly Sakiyama-Elbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
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33
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Willerth SM, Sakiyama-Elbert SE. Combining Stem Cells and Biomaterial Scaffolds for Constructing Tissues and Cell Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/stj-180001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Combining stem cells with biomaterial scaffolds serves as a promising strategy for engineering tissues for both in vitro and in vivo applications. This updated review details commonly used biomaterial scaffolds for engineering tissues from stem cells. We first define the different types of stem cells and their relevant properties and commonly used scaffold formulations. Next, we discuss natural and synthetic scaffold materials typically used when engineering tissues, along with their associated advantages and drawbacks and gives examples of target applications. New approaches to engineering tissues, such as 3D bioprinting, are described as they provide exciting opportunities for future work along with current challenges that must be addressed. Thus, this review provides an overview of the available biomaterials for directing stem cell differentiation as a means of producing replacements for diseased or damaged tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Willerth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, VIC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, VIC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Madl CM, LeSavage BL, Dewi RE, Lampe KJ, Heilshorn SC. Matrix Remodeling Enhances the Differentiation Capacity of Neural Progenitor Cells in 3D Hydrogels. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801716. [PMID: 30828535 PMCID: PMC6382308 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are a promising cell source to repair damaged nervous tissue. However, expansion of therapeutically relevant numbers of NPCs and their efficient differentiation into desired mature cell types remains a challenge. Material-based strategies, including culture within 3D hydrogels, have the potential to overcome these current limitations. An ideal material would enable both NPC expansion and subsequent differentiation within a single platform. It has recently been demonstrated that cell-mediated remodeling of 3D hydrogels is necessary to maintain the stem cell phenotype of NPCs during expansion, but the role of matrix remodeling on NPC differentiation and maturation remains unknown. By culturing NPCs within engineered protein hydrogels susceptible to degradation by NPC-secreted proteases, it is identified that a critical amount of remodeling is necessary to enable NPC differentiation, even in highly degradable gels. Chemical induction of differentiation after sufficient remodeling time results in differentiation into astrocytes and neurotransmitter-responsive neurons. Matrix remodeling modulates expression of the transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein, which drives expression of NPC stemness factors and maintains NPC differentiation capacity, in a cadherin-dependent manner. Thus, cell-remodelable hydrogels are an attractive platform to enable expansion of NPCs followed by differentiation of the cells into mature phenotypes for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruby E. Dewi
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Kyle J. Lampe
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA
| | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA
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Broguiere N, Husch A, Palazzolo G, Bradke F, Madduri S, Zenobi-Wong M. Macroporous hydrogels derived from aqueous dynamic phase separation. Biomaterials 2019; 200:56-65. [PMID: 30772759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A method to generate injectable macroporous hydrogels based on partitioning of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and high viscous polysaccharides is presented. Step growth polymerization of PEG was used to initiate a phase separation and the formation of a connected macroporous network with tunable dimensions. The possibilities and physical properties of this new category of materials were examined, and then applied to address some challenges in neural engineering. First, non-degradable macroporous gels were shown to support rapid neurite extension from encapsulated dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) with unprecedented long-term stability. Then, dissociated primary rat cortical neurons could be encapsulated with >95% viability, and extended neurites at the fast rate of ≈100 μm/day and formed synapses, resulting in functional, highly viable and long-term stable 3D neural networks in the synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM). Adhesion cues were found unnecessary provided the gels have optimal physical properties. Normal electrophysiological properties were confirmed on 3D cultured mouse hippocampal neurons. Finally, the macroporous gels supported axonal growth in a rat sciatic nerve injury model when used as a conduit filling. The combination of injectability, tunable pore size, stability, connectivity, transparency, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility, makes this new class of materials attractive for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Broguiere
- Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Husch
- Axon Growth and Regeneration Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gemma Palazzolo
- Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Bradke
- Axon Growth and Regeneration Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Srinivas Madduri
- Center for Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Gewerbestrasse-14, 4123 Allschwil Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Klinikum 1, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
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36
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Lai B, Feng B, Che M, Wang L, Cai S, Huang M, Gu H, Jiang B, Ling E, Li M, Zeng X, Zeng Y. A Modular Assembly of Spinal Cord-Like Tissue Allows Targeted Tissue Repair in the Transected Spinal Cord. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800261. [PMID: 30250785 PMCID: PMC6145267 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering-based neural construction holds promise in providing organoids with defined differentiation and therapeutic potentials. Here, a bioengineered transplantable spinal cord-like tissue (SCLT) is assembled in vitro by simulating the white matter and gray matter composition of the spinal cord using neural stem cell-based tissue engineering technique. Whether the organoid would execute targeted repair in injured spinal cord is evaluated. The integrated SCLT, assembled by white matter-like tissue (WMLT) module and gray matter-like tissue (GMLT) module, shares architectural, phenotypic, and functional similarities to the adult rat spinal cord. Organotypic coculturing with the dorsal root ganglion or muscle cells shows that the SCLT embraces spinal cord organogenesis potentials to establish connections with the targets, respectively. Transplantation of the SCLT into the transected spinal cord results in a significant motor function recovery of the paralyzed hind limbs in rats. Additionally, targeted spinal cord tissue repair is achieved by the modular design of SCLT, as evidenced by an increased remyelination in the WMLT area and an enlarged innervation in the GMLT area. More importantly, the pro-regeneration milieu facilitates the formation of a neuronal relay by the donor neurons, allowing the conduction of descending and ascending neural inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi‐Qin Lai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001China
| | - Bo Feng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ming‐Tian Che
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
| | - Lai‐Jian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Song Cai
- Department of Human AnatomyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Meng‐Yao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Huai‐Yu Gu
- Department of Human AnatomyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Eng‐Ang Ling
- Department of AnatomyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore117594Singapore
| | - Meng Li
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research InstituteSchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiffCF24 4HQUK
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Yuan‐Shan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat‐sen University)Ministry of EducationGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Institute of Spinal Cord InjurySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
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Liu Z, Tang M, Zhao J, Chai R, Kang J. Looking into the Future: Toward Advanced 3D Biomaterials for Stem-Cell-Based Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1705388. [PMID: 29450919 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Stem-cell-based therapies have the potential to provide novel solutions for the treatment of a variety of diseases, but the main obstacles to such therapies lie in the uncontrolled differentiation and functional engraftment of implanted tissues. The physicochemical microenvironment controls the self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells, and the key step in mimicking the stem cell microenvironment is to construct a more physiologically relevant 3D culture system. Material-based 3D assemblies of stem cells facilitate the cellular interactions that promote morphogenesis and tissue organization in a similar manner to that which occurs during embryogenesis. Both natural and artificial materials can be used to create 3D scaffolds, and synthetic organic and inorganic porous materials are the two main kinds of artificial materials. Nanotechnology provides new opportunities to design novel advanced materials with special physicochemical properties for 3D stem cell culture and transplantation. Herein, the advances and advantages of 3D scaffold materials, especially with respect to stem-cell-based therapies, are first outlined. Second, the stem cell biology in 3D scaffold materials is reviewed. Third, the progress and basic principles of developing 3D scaffold materials for clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jinping Zhao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jiuhong Kang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Osaki T, Shin Y, Sivathanu V, Campisi M, Kamm RD. In Vitro Microfluidic Models for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 28881425 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices enable novel means of emulating neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology in vitro. These organ-on-a-chip systems can potentially reduce animal testing and substitute (or augment) simple 2D culture systems. Reconstituting critical features of neurodegenerative diseases in a biomimetic system using microfluidics can thereby accelerate drug discovery and improve our understanding of the mechanisms of several currently incurable diseases. This review describes latest advances in modeling neurodegenerative diseases in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. First, this study summarizes fundamental advantages of microfluidic devices in the creation of compartmentalized cell culture microenvironments for the co-culture of neurons, glial cells, endothelial cells, and skeletal muscle cells and in their recapitulation of spatiotemporal chemical gradients and mechanical microenvironments. Then, this reviews neurodegenerative-disease-on-a-chip models focusing on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Finally, this study discusses about current drawbacks of these models and strategies that may overcome them. These organ-on-chip technologies can be useful to be the first line of testing line in drug development and toxicology studies, which can contribute significantly to minimize the phase of animal testing steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Osaki
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institutes of Technology 500 Technology Square MIT Building, Room NE47‐321 Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Yoojin Shin
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institutes of Technology 500 Technology Square MIT Building, Room NE47‐321 Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Vivek Sivathanu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institutes of Technology 500 Technology Square MIT Building, Room NE47‐321 Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Marco Campisi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringPolitecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institutes of Technology 500 Technology Square MIT Building, Room NE47‐321 Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Department of Biological EngineeringMassachusetts Institutes of Technology 500 Technology Square, MIT Building, Room NE47‐321 Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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Park S, Kim D, Park S, Kim S, Lee D, Kim W, Kim J. Nanopatterned Scaffolds for Neural Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1078:421-443. [PMID: 30357636 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biologically inspired approaches employing nanoengineering techniques have been influential in the progress of neural tissue repair and regeneration. Neural tissues are exposed to complex nanoscale environments such as nanofibrils. In this chapter, we summarize representative nanotechniques, such as electrospinning, lithography, and 3D bioprinting, and their use in the design and fabrication of nanopatterned scaffolds for neural tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Nanotopographical cues in combination with other cues (e.g., chemical cues) are crucial to neural tissue repair and regeneration using cells, including various types of stem cells. Production of biologically inspired nanopatterned scaffolds may encourage the next revolution for studies aiming to advance neural tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunho Park
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Daun Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sungmin Park
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sujin Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dohyeon Lee
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Woochan Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
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Bourke JL, Quigley AF, Duchi S, O'Connell CD, Crook JM, Wallace GG, Cook MJ, Kapsa RM. Three‐dimensional neural cultures produce networks that mimic native brain activity. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:490-493. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin L. Bourke
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne University of Melbourne Fitzroy VIC Australia
| | - Anita F. Quigley
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne University of Melbourne Fitzroy VIC Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - Serena Duchi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong NSW Australia
- Department of Surgery University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital Fitzroy VIC Australia
| | - Cathal D. O'Connell
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - Jeremy M. Crook
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - Gordon G. Wallace
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong NSW Australia
| | - Mark J. Cook
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne University of Melbourne Fitzroy VIC Australia
| | - Robert M.I. Kapsa
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne University of Melbourne Fitzroy VIC Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong NSW Australia
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Influence of Different ECM-Like Hydrogels on Neurite Outgrowth Induced by Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:6319129. [PMID: 29333166 PMCID: PMC5733162 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6319129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed for spinal cord injury (SCI) applications due to their capacity to secrete growth factors and vesicles—secretome—that impacts important phenomena in SCI regeneration. To improve MSC survival into SCI sites, hydrogels have been used as transplantation vehicles. Herein, we hypothesized if different hydrogels could interact differently with adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASCs). The efficacy of three natural hydrogels, gellan gum (functionalized with a fibronectin peptide), collagen, and a hydrogel rich in laminin epitopes (NVR-gel) in promoting neuritogenesis (alone and cocultured with ASCs), was evaluated in the present study. Their impact on ASC survival, metabolic activity, and gene expression was also evaluated. Our results indicated that all hydrogels supported ASC survival and viability, being this more evident for the functionalized GG hydrogels. Moreover, the presence of different ECM-derived biological cues within the hydrogels appears to differently affect the mRNA levels of growth factors involved in neuronal survival, differentiation, and axonal outgrowth. All the hydrogel-based systems supported axonal growth mediated by ASCs, but this effect was more robust in functionalized GG. The data herein presented highlights the importance of biological cues within hydrogel-based biomaterials as possible modulators of ASC secretome and its effects for SCI applications.
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Barriga-Rivera A, Bareket L, Goding J, Aregueta-Robles UA, Suaning GJ. Visual Prosthesis: Interfacing Stimulating Electrodes with Retinal Neurons to Restore Vision. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:620. [PMID: 29184478 PMCID: PMC5694472 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The bypassing of degenerated photoreceptors using retinal neurostimulators is helping the blind to recover functional vision. Researchers are investigating new ways to improve visual percepts elicited by these means as the vision produced by these early devices remain rudimentary. However, several factors are hampering the progression of bionic technologies: the charge injection limits of metallic electrodes, the mechanical mismatch between excitable tissue and the stimulating elements, neural and electric crosstalk, the physical size of the implanted devices, and the inability to selectively activate different types of retinal neurons. Electrochemical and mechanical limitations are being addressed by the application of electromaterials such as conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes and nanocrystalline diamonds, among other biomaterials, to electrical neuromodulation. In addition, the use of synthetic hydrogels and cell-laden biomaterials is promising better interfaces, as it opens a door to establishing synaptic connections between the electrode material and the excitable cells. Finally, new electrostimulation approaches relying on the use of high-frequency stimulation and field overlapping techniques are being developed to better replicate the neural code of the retina. All these elements combined will bring bionic vision beyond its present state and into the realm of a viable, mainstream therapy for vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Barriga-Rivera
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Division of Neuroscience, University Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lilach Bareket
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Josef Goding
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gregg J. Suaning
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Adamowicz J, Pokrywczynska M, Van Breda SV, Kloskowski T, Drewa T. Concise Review: Tissue Engineering of Urinary Bladder; We Still Have a Long Way to Go? Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:2033-2043. [PMID: 29024555 PMCID: PMC6430044 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a new branch of medicine based on tissue engineering technology. This rapidly developing field of science offers revolutionary treatment strategy aimed at urinary bladder regeneration. Despite many promising announcements of experimental urinary bladder reconstruction, there has been a lack in commercialization of therapies based on current investigations. This is due to numerous obstacles that are slowly being identified and precisely overcome. The goal of this review is to present the current status of research on urinary bladder regeneration and highlight further challenges that need to be gradually addressed. We put an emphasis on expectations of urologists that are awaiting tissue engineering based solutions in clinical practice. This review also presents a detailed characteristic of obstacles on the road to successful urinary bladder regeneration from urological clinician perspective. A defined interdisciplinary approach might help to accelerate planning transitional research tissue engineering focused on urinary tracts. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:2033-2043.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Adamowicz
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Pokrywczynska
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Kloskowski
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Tseng TC, Wong CW, Hsieh FY, Hsu SH. Biomaterial Substrate-Mediated Multicellular Spheroid Formation and Their Applications in Tissue Engineering. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chui-Wei Wong
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yu Hsieh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine; National Health Research Institutes; Miaoli Taiwan
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Nagai T, Ikegami Y, Mizumachi H, Shirakigawa N, Ijima H. Development of an in situ evaluation system for neural cells using extracellular matrix-modeled gel culture. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:430-438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Marei HE, Elnegiry AA, Zaghloul A, Althani A, Afifi N, Abd-Elmaksoud A, Farag A, Lashen S, Rezk S, Shouman Z, Cenciarelli C, Hasan A. Nanotubes impregnated human olfactory bulb neural stem cells promote neuronal differentiation in Trimethyltin-induced neurodegeneration rat model. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3586-3597. [PMID: 28121007 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent self-renewing cells that could be used in cellular-based therapy for a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Being multipotent in nature, they are practically capable of giving rise to major cell types of the nervous tissue including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. This is in marked contrast to neural progenitor cells which are committed to a specific lineage fate. In previous studies, we have demonstrated the ability of NSCs isolated from human olfactory bulb (OB) to survive, proliferate, differentiate, and restore cognitive and motor deficits associated with AD, and PD rat models, respectively. The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to enhance the survivability and differentiation potential of NSCs following their in vivo engraftment have been recently suggested. Here, in order to assess the ability of CNTs to enhance the therapeutic potential of human OBNSCs for restoring cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative lesions, we co-engrafted CNTs and human OBNSCs in TMT-neurodegeneration rat model. The present study revealed that engrafted human OBNSCS-CNTs restored cognitive deficits, and neurodegenerative changes associated with TMT-induced rat neurodegeneration model. Moreover, the CNTs seemed to provide a support for engrafted OBNSCs, with increasing their tendency to differentiate into neurons rather than into glia cells. The present study indicate the marked ability of CNTs to enhance the therapeutic potential of human OBNSCs which qualify this novel therapeutic paradigm as a promising candidate for cell-based therapy of different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany E Marei
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed A Elnegiry
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Adel Zaghloul
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asma Althani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ahmed Abd-Elmaksoud
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amany Farag
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samah Lashen
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Zeinab Shouman
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Murphy AR, Laslett A, O'Brien CM, Cameron NR. Scaffolds for 3D in vitro culture of neural lineage cells. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:1-20. [PMID: 28259835 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how neurodegenerative disorders develop is not only a key challenge for researchers but also for the wider society, given the rapidly aging populations in developed countries. Advances in this field require new tools with which to recreate neural tissue in vitro and produce realistic disease models. This in turn requires robust and reliable systems for performing 3D in vitro culture of neural lineage cells. This review provides a state of the art update on three-dimensional culture systems for in vitro development of neural tissue, employing a wide range of scaffold types including hydrogels, solid porous polymers, fibrous materials and decellularised tissues as well as microfluidic devices and lab-on-a-chip systems. To provide some context with in vivo development of the central nervous system (CNS), we also provide a brief overview of the neural stem cell niche, neural development and neural differentiation in vitro. We conclude with a discussion of future directions for this exciting and important field of biomaterials research. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases and motor neuron diseases, are a major societal challenge for aging populations. Understanding these conditions and developing therapies against them will require the development of new physical models of healthy and diseased neural tissue. Cellular models resembling neural tissue can be cultured in the laboratory with the help of 3D scaffolds - materials that allow the organization of neural cells into tissue-like structures. This review presents recent work on the development of different types of scaffolds for the 3D culture of neural lineage cells and the generation of functioning neural-like tissue. These in vitro culture systems are enabling the development of new approaches for modelling and tackling diseases of the brain and CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Murphy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew Laslett
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Science, Technology, Research and Innovation Precinct (STRIP), Monash University, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Carmel M O'Brien
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Science, Technology, Research and Innovation Precinct (STRIP), Monash University, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Neil R Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Choi HW, Hong YJ, Kim JS, Song H, Cho SG, Bae H, Kim C, Byun SJ, Do JT. In vivo differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into neural stem cells by chimera formation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170735. [PMID: 28141814 PMCID: PMC5283667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Like embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into all three germ layers in an in vitro system. Here, we developed a new technology for obtaining neural stem cells (NSCs) from iPSCs through chimera formation, in an in vivo environment. iPSCs contributed to the neural lineage in the chimera, which could be efficiently purified and directly cultured as NSCs in vitro. The iPSC-derived, in vivo-differentiated NSCs expressed NSC markers, and their gene-expression pattern more closely resembled that of fetal brain-derived NSCs than in vitro-differentiated NSCs. This system could be applied for differentiating pluripotent stem cells into specialized cell types whose differentiation protocols are not well established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Choi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Yean Ju Hong
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ssang Gu Cho
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojae Bae
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsung Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung June Byun
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jeong Tae Do
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Kim E, Tae G. Direct reprogramming and biomaterials for controlling cell fate. Biomater Res 2016; 20:39. [PMID: 27980804 PMCID: PMC5142385 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-016-0086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct reprogramming which changes the fate of matured cell is a very useful technique with a great interest recently. This approach can eliminate the drawbacks of direct usage of stem cells and allow the patient specific treatment in regenerative medicine. Overexpression of diverse factors such as general reprogramming factors or lineage specific transcription factors can change the fate of already differentiated cells. On the other hand, biomaterials can provide physical and topographical cues or biochemical cues on cells, which can dictate or significantly affect the differentiation of stem cells. The role of biomaterials on direct reprogramming has not been elucidated much, but will be potentially significant to improve the efficiency or specificity of direct reprogramming. In this review, the strategies for general direct reprogramming and biomaterials-guided stem cell differentiation are summarized with the addition of the up-to-date progress on biomaterials for direct reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsol Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoong Tae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
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50
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Farrell K, Joshi J, Kothapalli CR. Injectable uncrosslinked biomimetic hydrogels as candidate scaffolds for neural stem cell delivery. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:790-805. [PMID: 27798959 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian central nervous system has a limited ability for self-repair under diseased or injury conditions. Repair strategies focused on exogenously delivering autologous neural stem cells (NSCs) to replace lost neuronal populations and axonal pathways in situ, and promote endogenous repair mechanisms are gaining traction. Successful outcomes are contingent on selecting an appropriate delivery vehicle for injecting cells that promotes cell retention and survival, elicits differentiation to desired lineages, and enhances axonal outgrowth upon integration into the host tissue. Hydrogels made of varying compositions of collagen, laminin, hyaluronic acid (HA), and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) were developed, with no external crosslinking agents, to mimic the native extracellular matrix composition. The physical (porosity, pore-size, gel integrity, swelling ratio, and enzymatic degradation), mechanical (viscosity, storage and loss moduli, Young's modulus, creep, and stress-relaxation), and biological (cell survival, differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and integrin expression) characteristics of these hydrogels were assessed. These hydrogels exhibited excellent injectability, retained gel integrity, and matched the mechanical moduli of native brain tissue, possibly due to natural collagen fibril polymerization and physical-crosslinking between HA molecules and collagen fibrils. Depending on the composition, these hydrogels promoted cell survival, neural differentiation, and neurite outgrowth, as evident from immunostaining and western blots. These cellular outcomes were facilitated by cellular binding via α6 , β1 , and CD44 surface integrins to these hydrogels. Results attest to the utility of uncrosslinked, ECM-mimicking hydrogels to deliver NSCs for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 790-805, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Farrell
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44115
| | - Jyotsna Joshi
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44115
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