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Wang Q, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yuan K, Lin Y, Qian X, Pei H, Weng L, Fan K, Hu Y, Yang Y. A low-molecular-weight α-glucan from edible fungus Agaricus blazei Murrill activates macrophage TFEB-mediated antibacterial defense to combat implant-associated infection. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122659. [PMID: 39245534 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Implant-associated infection (IAI) is a prevalent and potentially fatal complication of orthopaedic surgery. Boosting antibacterial immunity, particularly the macrophage-mediated response, presents a promising therapeutic approach for managing persistent infections. In this study, we successfully isolated and purified a homogeneous and neutral water-soluble polysaccharide, designated as AM-1, from the edible fungus Agaricus blazei Murrill. Structure analysis revealed that AM-1 (Mw = 3.87 kDa) was a low-molecular-weight glucan characterized by a primary chain of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → and side chains that were linked at the O-6 and O-3 positions. In vivo assays showed that AM-1 effectively attenuated the progression of infection and mitigated infectious bone destruction in IAI mouse models. Mechanistically, AM-1 promotes intracellular autophagy-lysosomal biogenesis by inducing the nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB, finally enhancing the bactericidal capabilities and immune-modulatory functions of macrophages. These findings demonstrate that AM-1 significantly alleviates the progression of challenging IAIs as a presurgical immunoenhancer. Our research introduces a novel therapeutic strategy that employs natural polysaccharides to combat refractory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuehong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Yixuan Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Xian Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, China
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liangliang Weng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, China
| | - Kaijian Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Mental Health Center, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China.
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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2
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Liu JJ, Chen SK, Luo H, Wang Y, Song XX, He WW, Huang XJ, Yin JY, Nie SP. Insights into dynamic evolution of glucuronofucogalactoglucan from water extract of Agrocybe cylindracea during maturation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122235. [PMID: 38823906 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of Agrocybe cylindracea polysaccharides at four developmental stages, as well as their dynamic evolution during maturation. Results showed that the polysaccharides from A. cylindracea water extract exhibited similar structural characteristics across all four maturity stages, despite a significant reduction in yields. Four water-soluble heteroglycans, including one high molecular weight (ACPM-Et50-I) and three low molecular weight (ACPM-Et50-II, ACPM-Et60, ACPM-Et80), were isolated from A. cylindracea at each maturity stage. ACPM-Et50-I was identified as branched heterogalactans, while ACPM-Et60 and ACPM-Et80 were branched heteroglucans. However, ACPM-Et50-II was characterized as a branched glucuronofucogalactoglucan at the tide-turning stage but a glucuronofucoglucogalactan at the pileus expansion stage due to the increase of its α-(1 → 6)-D-Galp. In general, although the structural skeletons of most A. cylindracea heteroglycans were similar during maturation as shown by their highly consistent glycosyl linkages, there were still differences in the distribution of some heteroglucans. This work has for the first time reported a glucuronofucogalactoglucan in A. cylindracea and its dynamic evolution during maturation, which may facilitate the potential application of A. cylindracea in food and biomedicine industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Shi-Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Hui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Wei-Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, Henan, China.
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3
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Fu Q, Tian M, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Zhou H, Tan J, Wang J, Huang Q. Paotianxiong polysaccharides potential prebiotics: Structural analysis and prebiotic properties. Food Chem 2024; 451:139499. [PMID: 38703731 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Paotianxiong (PTX) is a processing product of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx., often used as a tonic food daily. However, the structure and activity of the polysaccharide component that plays a major role still need to be determined. In our work, two new polysaccharides were purified from PTX and named PTXP-1 and PTXP-2. Structural analysis showed that PTXP-1 is a glucan with a molecular weight of 915 Da and a structure of 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → as the main chain. PTXP-2 is a glucose arabinoglycan with 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → as the main chain, containing 8 glycosidic bonds attached, and a molecular weight of 57.9KDa. In vitro probiotic experiments demonstrated that PTXP-1 could significantly promote probiotic growth and acid production. In vivo experiments demonstrated that both PTXP-1 and PTXP-2 exhibited significant effectiveness in promoting the growth of intestinal probiotics. These findings help expand the application of polysaccharide components extracted from tonic herbs as functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwen Fu
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Maoying Tian
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hailun Zhou
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Gooddoctor Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Ethnic Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qinwan Huang
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Bao L, Bo S, Bu R, Wu S, Bao L, Ochir S. Structural characteristics and antioxidant activities of a novel polysaccharide from Euphorbia himalayensis root. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106009. [PMID: 38759735 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Euphorbia himalayensis Boiss. is an alpine member of the Euphorbiaceae family. Its dried roots have been used to treat digestive problems and chest congestion in traditional Tibetan and Mongolian medicine. Despite thousands of years of use in medicine, the bioactive compounds of the root remain unknown. Herein, we isolated a novel aqueous-soluble polysaccharide (EHP2) from the E. himalayensis root and determined its structural characteristics via high-performance gel permeation chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. The homogeneous molecular weight of EHP2 was 23.6 kDa with narrow polydisperity (Mw/Mn = 1.4), and EHP2 mainly comprised of glucose (86.4%), galactose (11.9%) and mannose (1.7%). The major backbone of EHP2 was →4)-α-D-GalAp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → and the branch chain was α-D-Glcp-(1→. The antioxidant activity of the EHP2 was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide anion radical scavenging assays, and antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GSH and MDA) was determined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The EHP2 demonstrated lower potential scavenging effects on DPPH and superoxide free radical scavenger than ascorbic acid, and in HUVECs, it led to increased SOD and GSH activities and decreased MDA levels. This study is the first to describe an E. himalayensis polysaccharide compound with potential antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lechaolu Bao
- Medical Innovation Center for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, PR China
| | - Surina Bo
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, PR China
| | - Ren Bu
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, PR China
| | - Siqinbilige Wu
- Medical Innovation Center for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, PR China
| | - Liang Bao
- Medical Innovation Center for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, PR China.
| | - Sarangowa Ochir
- Medical Innovation Center for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, PR China; Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, 16-20 Mooreville Road, Burnie, Tasmania 7320, Australia.
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5
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Zhang Y, Yang B, Sun W, Sun X, Zhao J, Li Q. Structural characterization of squash polysaccharide and its effect on STZ-induced diabetes mellitus model in MIN6 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132226. [PMID: 38729469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel natural water-soluble acidic polysaccharide (PWESP-3) was isolated from squash with a molecular mass of 140.519 kDa, which was composed of arabinose (Ara, 35.30 mol%), galactose (Gal, 61.20 mol%), glucose (Glc, 1.80 mol%), and Mannuronic acid (ManA, 1.70 mol%) and contained Araf-(1→, →3)-Araf-(1→, →5)-Araf-(1→, Glcp-(1→, Galp-(1→, →3,5)-Araf-(1→, →2)-Glcp-(1→, →2)-Manp-(1→, →3)-Glcp-(1→, →4)-Galp-(1→, →3)-Galp-(1→, →6)-Galp-(1→, →3,4)-Galp-(1→, →4,6)-Galp-(1→ residues in the backbone. Moreover, the structure of PWESP-3 was identified by NMR spectra. The branch chain was connected to the main chain by the O-3 and O-4 atom of Gal. In addition, the effect of PWESP-3 on STZ-induced type I diabetes mellitus model in MIN6 cells was investigated. The results showed that PWESP-3 can increase the viability and insulin secretion of MIN6 cells and reduce the oxidative stress caused by ROS and NO. Meanwhile, PWESP-3 can also reduce the content of ATP, Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential and Caspase-3 activity in MIN6 cells. Furthermore, treatment with PWESP-3 can prevent single or double stranded DNA breaking to form DNA fragments and improve DNA damage in MIN6 cells, thereby avoiding apoptosis. Therefore, the above data highlight that PWESP-3 can improve the function of insulin secretion in STZ-induced MIN6 cells in vitro and can be used as an alternative food supplement to diabetes drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Huage Wugu Holding Co., Ltd., Hebei 061600, China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.
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6
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Liu JJ, Hou YK, Wang X, He WW, Huang XJ, Yin JY, Nie SP. Dynamics of α-glucan from Agrocybe cylindracea water extract at different developmental stages and its structure characteristics. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131799. [PMID: 38677677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the important bioactive macromolecules in Agrocybe cylindracea, but their changes are as yet elusive during developmental process. This study investigated the dynamic changes of polysaccharides from A. cylindracea fruiting body water extract at four developmental stages and its structure characteristics. Results revealed that the polysaccharides from A. cylindracea water extract significantly increased at the pileus expansion stage and the increased fraction could be α-glucan. The further purification and identification indicated that this α-glucan was a glycogen. It had typical morphology of β particles with a molecular weight of 1375 kDa. Its backbone comprised α-D-(1 → 4)-Glcp and α-D-(1 → 4,6)-Glcp residues at a ratio of 5:1, terminated by α-D-Glcp residue. Rheological behavior suggested that it was a Newtonian fluid at the concentration of 1 %. In addition, despite both the glycogen and natural starch were composed of D-glucose, they exhibited the entirely distinct Maltese cross characteristic and unique crystalline structure. This study is the first to demonstrate the presence of abundant glycogen in the pileus expansion stage of A. cylindracea, which provides new insights on the change patterns of fungal polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330047, China
| | - Yu-Ke Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330047, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330047, China
| | - Wei-Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330047, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330047, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330047, China.
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330047, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luo he 462300, Henan, China.
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7
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Liu JJ, Hou YK, Wang X, Zhou XT, Yin JY, Nie SP. Recent advances in the biosynthesis of fungal glucan structural diversity. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 329:121782. [PMID: 38286552 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Glucans are the most abundant class of macromolecule polymers in fungi, which are commonly found in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Fungal glucans are not only essential for cell integrity and function but also crucial for the immense industrial interest in high value applications. They present a variety of structural characteristics at the nanoscale due to the high regulation of genes and the involvement of stochastic processes in synthesis. However, although recent findings have demonstrated the genes of glucans synthesis are relatively conserved across diverse fungi, the formation and organization of diverse glucan structures is still unclear in fungi. Here, we summarize the structural features of fungal glucans and the recent developments in the mechanisms of glucans biosynthesis. Furthermore, we propose the engineering strategies of targeted glucan synthesis and point out the remaining challenges in the synthetic process. Understanding the synthesis process of diverse glucans is necessary for tailoring high value glucan towards specific applications. This engineering strategy contributes to enable the sustainable and efficient production of glucan diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Yu-Ke Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Xing-Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China.
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luo he 462300, Henan, China.
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8
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Deng J, Min J, Zhang Y, You R, Zhang Z, Hu Y, Chen X, Cheng S, Ma X, Zhang S. Preparation, characterization and cytotoxicity assessment of a novel selenized polysaccharide from Morchella sextelata. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:131100. [PMID: 38521308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Selenylation modification has been widely developed to improve the biological effects of natural polysaccharides. In this study, a purified new polysaccharide (MSP-4) was isolated from Morchella Sextelata, and selenized into SeMSP-4 using the HNO3-Na2SeO3 method. The selenium (Se) content of SeMSP-4 was 101.81 ± 9.90 mg/kg, and the molecular weight of SeMSP-4 was 1.23 × 105 Da. The FT-IR, XRD and AFM results showed that MSP-4 was successfully combined with the Se element. The structure characters of SeMSP-4 were analyzed by methylation analysis combined with 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. And, the radical scavenging test revealed that SeMSP-4 exhibited higher antioxidant capacities in vitro than MSP-4. The cytotoxicity analysis indicated that SeMSP-4 could dose-dependently inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 and HeLa cells, but did not show a cytotoxic effect on normal cells (HEK293). Furthermore, SeMSP-4 stimulation significantly increased the macrophage viability and enhanced NO production in macrophage cells. This study suggested that SeMSP-4 could be utilized as a potential selenium source with antioxidant, antitumor, and immunostimulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jinying Min
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Rumeng You
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Zuo Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yili Hu
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Institute of Vegetable, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shaopeng Zhang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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Liu Y, Li Y, Sun B, Kang J, Hu X, Zou L, Cui SW, Guo Q. Glucans from Armillaria luteo-virens: Structural Characterization and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Investigation under Different Administration Routes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6006-6018. [PMID: 38456292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides fromArmillaria luteo-virens (ALP) were investigated for structural characterization and immunomodulatory activities. Three fractions (ALP-1, ALP-2, and ALP-3) were obtained with the yield of 2.4, 3.7, and 3.0 wt %, respectively. ALP-1 was proposed as a β-(1 → 3)(1 → 6)-glucan with a triple-helix conformation; ALP-2 and ALP-3 were both identified as α-(1 → 4)(1 → 6)-glucan differing in their Mw and branching degree with a spherical conformation. The in vitro digestibility experiment and in vivo experiments using cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated mice demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of α-glucan (1 mg·kg-1·day-1) and intragastric gavage of β-glucan (10 mg·kg-1·day-1) both effectively restored the decrease in body weight, immune organ indexes, immune cell activities, serum immune marker levels, colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) levels, and Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in immunosuppression mice. This study provides novel insights into the immunomodulatory activity of α- and β-glucans under different administration routes, thereby promoting their application in both food and pharmaceutical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 666 Wusu Road, Linan District, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119 Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, P. R. China
| | - Steve W Cui
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
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10
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Yuan G, Wang Y, Niu H, Ma Y, Song J. Isolation, purification, and physicochemical characterization of Polygonatum polysaccharide and its protective effect against CCl 4-induced liver injury via Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129863. [PMID: 38307425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to provide scientific evidence that Polygonatum polysaccharide can be developed as a dietary supplement and medication for treating liver injuries. A water-soluble polysaccharide (PSP-N-c-1), with an average molecular weight of 3.45 kDa, was isolated and purified from the water extract of Polygonatum using DEAE cellulose column chromatography, CL-6B agarose gel chromatography, and Sephadex G100 chromatography. High-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses revealed that PSP-N-c-1 might be linear α-(1 → 4)-glucans with α-Glcp residues linked to the backbone at C-6. In vitro experiments revealed that PSP-N-c-1 exhibited protective effects against CCl4-induced damage in HepG2 cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that PSP-N-c-1 exhibited a hepatoprotective effect by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and reducing the activity of pro-inflammatory mediators. Besides, PSP-N-c-1 could attenuate oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by activating the Nrf2-mediated signaling pathways and regulating the TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathways. These findings demonstrated that PSP-N-c-1 may serve as a supplement for alleviating chemical liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China; Key Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Polysaccharides in Traditional Chinese Medicine (Administration of Traditonal Chinese Medicine of JiLin Province), Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hongmei Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Jianxi Song
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China; Key Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Polysaccharides in Traditional Chinese Medicine (Administration of Traditonal Chinese Medicine of JiLin Province), Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China.
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11
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Chen H, Wu Y, Wang B, Kui M, Xu J, Ma H, Li J, Zeng J, Gao W, Chen K. Skin healthcare protection with antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activity of polysaccharide purification from Bletilla striata. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130016. [PMID: 38365139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the structural characterization and biological activities of Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSPs) for their role as antioxidants and anti-melanogenesis agents in skin healthcare protection. Three neutral polysaccharides (BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3) with molecular weights of 269.121 kDa, 57.389 kDa, and 28.153 kDa were extracted and purified. Their structural characteristics were analyzed by ion chromatography, GC-MS, and 1D/2D NMR. The results showed that BSP-1, which constitutes the major part of BSPs, was composed of α-D-Glcp, β-D-Glcp, β-D-Manp, and 2-O-acetyl-β-D-Manp, with the branched-chain accompanied by β-D-Galp and α-D-Glcp. BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3 can enhance the total antioxidant capacity of skin fibroblasts with non-toxicity. Meanwhile, BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3 could significantly inhibit the proliferative activity of melanoma cells. Among them, BSP-1 and BSP-2 showed more significance in anti-melanogenesis, tyrosinase inhibition activity, and cell migration inhibition. BSPs have effective antioxidant capacity and anti-melanogenesis effects, which should be further emphasized and developed as skin protection components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoying Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Minghong Kui
- Guangdong Guanhao High-Tech Co., Ltd., No. 313 Donghai Avenue, Donghai Island, Zhanjiang 524072, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Ma
- Guangdong Guanhao New Material R & D Co., Ltd., Xiangjiang Financial Business Center, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511457, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wenhua Gao
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kefu Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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12
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Case S, O'Brien T, Ledwith AE, Chen S, Horneck Johnston CJH, Hackett EE, O'Sullivan M, Charles-Messance H, Dempsey E, Yadav S, Wilson J, Corr SC, Nagar S, Sheedy FJ. β-glucans from Agaricus bisporus mushroom products drive Trained Immunity. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1346706. [PMID: 38425482 PMCID: PMC10902450 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1346706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrofungi, such as edible mushrooms, have been used as a valuable medical resource for millennia as a result of their antibacterial and immuno-modulatory components. Mushrooms contain dietary fibers known as β-glucans, a class of polysaccharides previously linked to the induction of Trained Immunity. However, little is known about the ability of mushroom-derived β-glucans to induce Trained Immunity. Methods & results Using various powdered forms of the white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), we found that mouse macrophages pre-treated with whole mushroom powder (WMP) displayed enhanced responses to restimulation with TLR ligands, being particularly sensitive to Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 stimulation using synthetic lipopeptides. This trained response was modest compared to training observed with yeast-derived β-glucans and correlated with the amount of available β-glucans in the WMP. Enriching for β-glucans content using either a simulated in-vitro digestion or chemical fractionation retained and boosted the trained response with WMP, respectively. Importantly, both WMP and digested-WMP preparations retained β-glucans as identified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and both displayed the capacity to train human monocytes and enhanced responses to restimulation. To determine if dietary incorporation of mushroom products can lead to Trained Immunity in myeloid cells in vivo, mice were given a regimen of WMP by oral gavage prior to sacrifice. Flow cytometric analysis of bone-marrow progenitors indicated alterations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells population dynamics, with shift toward myeloid-committed multi-potent progenitor cells. Mature bone marrow-derived macrophages derived from these mice displayed enhanced responses to restimulation, again particularly sensitive to TLR2. Discussion Taken together, these data demonstrate that β-glucans from common macrofungi can train innate immune cells and could point to novel ways of delivering bio-available β-glucans for education of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Case
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tara O'Brien
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna E. Ledwith
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shilong Chen
- NatPro Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Emer E. Hackett
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Elaine Dempsey
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Sinead C. Corr
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Shipra Nagar
- NatPro Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frederick J. Sheedy
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- NatPro Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Liu S, Li M, Liu W, Zhang Z, Wang X, Dong H. Structure and properties of acidic polysaccharides isolated from Massa Medicata Fermentata: Neuroprotective and antioxidant activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129128. [PMID: 38176512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) is a fermented food with therapeutic effects. Previous studies suggested that after stir-frying, the uronic acid content in MMF crude polysaccharides increases, and the pH value decreases, which is caused by the change in acidic polysaccharides. However, the detailed physicochemical properties and structure-activity correlation of the acidic polysaccharides in MMF have not been fully explored. In this study, two acidic polysaccharides (SMMFAP and CMMFAP) were isolated from the MMF and its stir-fried product, respectively. Their structural characteristics and bioactivities were comparatively studied, and the structure-activity correlation was examined. Our findings revealed that the SMMFAP had a higher average Mw and higher Gal and Man content than the CMMFAP. Both the SMMFAP and CMMFAP were mainly composed of Xyl, Man, and Gal residues, whereas the CMMFAP had fewer linkage types. Additionally, the CMMFAP exhibited stronger neuroprotective activity than the SMMFAP owing to its higher content of 1,6-linked-Galp, while the SMMFAP exhibited better antioxidant activity, which might be related to its higher average Mw. Our findings suggest that acidic polysaccharides may be the active substances that cause differences in effectiveness between the sheng and chao MMF. Furthermore, the research qualified the SMMFAP and CMMFAP with different potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
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14
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Li XP, Shen WH, Zhou LL, Huang QY, Cong RP, Zheng LP, Wang JW. Lipopolysaccharides from a Shiraia fruiting body-associated bacterium elicit host fungal hypocrellin A biosynthesis through nitric oxide generation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121498. [PMID: 37985049 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellin A (HA) is an excellent perylenequinone photosensitizer from Shiraia fruiting bodies. A dominant bacterium Pseudomonas fulva SB1 in the fruiting body was found to promote HA biosynthesis. The bacterial LPS were purified and the O-specific polysaccharide (OPS) consisted of rhamnose (Rha), galactose (Gal) and N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) with an average molecular weight of 282.8 kDa. Although the OPS composing of Rhap and Galp backbone showed elicitation capability on fungal HA accumulation, the highest HA production (303.76 mg/L) was achieved by LPS treatment at 20 μg/mL on day 3 of the mycelium culture. The generation of nitric oxide (NO) in Shiraia mycelia was triggered by LPS, which was partially blocked by inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitrate reductase (NR), leading to the depressed HA production. Transcriptome analysis revealed that NO mediated LPS-induced HA production via upregulating the expressions of critical genes associated with central carbon metabolism and downstream HA biosynthesis genes. This is the first report of LPS-induced NO to regulate fungal secondary metabolite production, which provides new insights on the role of bacterial LPS in bacterium-fungus interactions and an effective strategy to enhance hypocrellin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen Hao Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lu Lu Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qun Yan Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rui Peng Cong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Ping Zheng
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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15
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Wang H, Yan J, Wang K, Liu Y, Liu S, Wu K, Wang X, Haider A, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Wang X. The gut-liver axis perspective: Exploring the protective potential of polysaccharides from Cistanche deserticola against alcoholic liver disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128394. [PMID: 38013074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study is to investigate the potential mechanism behind the protective effect of Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides (CP) against alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Multiple chromography techniques were employed to characterize CP from polysaccharide, the molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides, monosaccharide composition, isomeric hydrogen and isomeric carbon, in order to clarify the material basis of CP. To create the ALD mouse model, we utilized the well-established Lieber-DeCarli alcoholic liquid feed method. Findings from the study revealed that CP administration resulted in significant improvements in intestinal permeability, upregulation of barrier proteins expression, and reduced levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in mouse liver and serum. Additionally, CP treatment reduced the presence of inflammatory cytokines both in serum and liver while enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver. Furthermore, CP effectively reduced alcohol-induced oxidative damage by downregulating Keap1 protein levels in the liver, leading to increased expression of Nrf2 protein. The 16S rDNA sequencing results revealed that CP significantly restored the intestinal microbiota composition in ALD mice. These findings establish a strong association between gut microbiota and liver injury indicators, highlighting the potential of CP in preventing and treating ALD by modulating the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Jiajing Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Reyoung Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Jinan Branch, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xumei Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Yuhong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
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16
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Liu S, Liu Y, Geng W, Dong H, Wang X. Isolation, characterization, trypsin inhibition, liver protective and antioxidant activities of arabinoxylan from Massa Medicata Fermentata and its processed products. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127581. [PMID: 37884242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used in feed additives and human medicine. In this study, two neutral polysaccharides (SMMFP-1 and CMMFP-1) were isolated from two forms of MMF (sheng and chao MMF), and their structural characteristics and bioactivities were studied. The results showed that CMMFP-1 had higher average Mw compared with that of SMMFP-1. SMMFP-1 had a lower proportion of Ara, Xyl, GalA, and GlcA, but higher levels of Fuc, Gal, Man, and GulA. Compared with CMMFP-1, SMMFP-1 had a triple helix structure. SMMFP-1 had a layered structure, whereas CMMFP-1 had a curly layered structure. More glycosidic linkage types were found in SMMFP-1 than in CMMFP-1, and SMMFP-1 had a greater number of side chains. More importantly, SMMFP-1 showed better trypsin inhibition activity in vitro, liver-protective activity in vivo, and stronger antioxidant activity in vivo than CMMFP-1. Thus, arabinoxylans may be one of the active substances for different efficacies between MMF and its processed product. The results of this study facilitate the exploration of the correlation between the structural characteristics and biological functionalities of MMF arabinoxylans. Moreover, a theoretical basis is established for further study of the unique properties of arabinoxylans and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yunxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250300, China
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Active Pharmaceutical Constituents Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
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17
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Chen SK, Wang X, Guo YQ, Song XX, Yin JY, Nie SP. Exploring the partial degradation of polysaccharides: Structure, mechanism, bioactivities, and perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4831-4870. [PMID: 37755239 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are promising biomolecules with lowtoxicity and diverse bioactivities in food processing and clinical drug development. However, an essential prerequisite for their applications is the fine structure characterization. Due to the complexity of polysaccharide structure, partial degradation is a powerful tool for fine structure analysis, which can effectively provide valid information on the structure of backbone and branching glycosidic fragments of complex polysaccharides. This review aims to conclude current methods of partial degradation employed for polysaccharide structural characterization, discuss the molecular mechanisms, and describe the molecular structure and solution properties of degraded polysaccharides. In addition, the effects of polysaccharide degradation on the conformational relationships between the molecular structure and bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities, are also discussed. Finally, we summarize the prospects and current challenges for the partial degradation of polysaccharides. This review will be of great value for the scientific elucidation of polysaccharide fine structures and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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18
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Zhang W, Sun J, Li Q, Liu C, Niu F, Yue R, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Ma C, Deng S. Free Radical-Mediated Grafting of Natural Polysaccharides Such as Chitosan, Starch, Inulin, and Pectin with Some Polyphenols: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Bioactivities, and Applications-A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3688. [PMID: 37835341 PMCID: PMC10572827 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols and polysaccharides are very important natural products with special physicochemical properties and extensive biological activities. Recently, polyphenol-polysaccharide conjugates have been synthesized to overcome the limitations of polysaccharides and broaden their application range. Grafted copolymers are produced through chemical coupling, enzyme-mediated, and free radical-mediated methods, among which the free radical-induced grafting reaction is the most cost-effective, ecofriendly, safe, and plausible approach. Here, we review the grafting reactions of polysaccharides mediated by free radicals with various bioactive polyphenols, such as gallic acid (GA), ferulic acid (FA), and catechins. A detailed introduction of the methods and their mechanisms for free radical-mediated grafting is given. Structural characterization methods of the graft products, including thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are introduced. Furthermore, the biological properties of polyphenol-polysaccharide conjugates are also presented, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and neuroprotection activities, etc. Moreover, the potential applications of polyphenol-polysaccharide conjugates are described. Finally, the challenges and research prospects of graft products are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Jian Sun
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Qiang Li
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Chanmin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Fuxiang Niu
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Ruixue Yue
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Hong Zhu
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Chen Ma
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Shaoying Deng
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China; (W.Z.); (F.N.); (R.Y.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (C.M.); (S.D.)
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19
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Zhao T, Yang M, Ma L, Liu X, Ding Q, Chai G, Lu Y, Wei H, Zhang S, Ding C. Structural Modification and Biological Activity of Polysaccharides. Molecules 2023; 28:5416. [PMID: 37513287 PMCID: PMC10384959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are macromolecular substances with a wide range of biological activities. The structural modification of polysaccharides by chemical means can enhance their biological activity. This paper reviews the latest research reports on the chemical modification of natural polysaccharides. At present, the modification methods of polysaccharides mainly include sulfation, phosphorylation, carboxymethylation, socialization, methylation and acetylation. The chemical and physical structures of the modified polysaccharides were detected via ultraviolet spectroscopy, FT-IR, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the modified polysaccharide has various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, immune regulation, antiviral, antibacterial and anticoagulant functions in vitro. This review provides fresh ideas for the research and application of polysaccharide structure modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lina Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qiteng Ding
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guodong Chai
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hewei Wei
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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20
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Cheng XY, Ouyang JM. Carboxymethylated Rhizoma alismatis Polysaccharides Regulate Calcium Oxalate Crystals Growth and Reduce the Regulated Crystals' Cytotoxicity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1044. [PMID: 37509080 PMCID: PMC10377732 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the effects of polysaccharides (RAPD) extracted from the traditional anti-stone Chinese medicine Rhizoma alismatis and their carboxymethylated derivatives (RAPs) on the crystal phase, morphology, and size of calcium oxalate (CaOx). It also determined the damaging ability of the regulated crystals on human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). METHODS RAPD carboxymethylation with a carboxyl group (-COOH) content of 3.57% was carried out by the chloroacetic acid solvent method. The effects of -COOH content in RAPs and RAP concentration on the regulation of CaOx crystal growth were studied by controlling the variables. Cell experiments were conducted to explore the differences in the cytotoxicity of RAP-regulated crystals. RESULTS The -COOH contents of RAPD, RAP1, RAP2, and RAP3 were 3.57%, 7.79%, 10.84%, and 15.33%, respectively. RAPs can inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and induce the formation of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD). When the -COOH content in RAPs was high, their ability to induce COD formation was enhanced. In the crystals induced by RAPs, a high COD content can lower the damage to cells. In particular, the cytotoxicity of the crystals induced by RAP3 was the lowest. When the concentration of RAP3 increased, the cytotoxicity gradually increased due to the reduced size of the formed COD crystals. An interaction was observed between RAPs and crystals, and the number of RAPs adsorbed in the crystals was positively correlated with the -COOH content in RAPs. CONCLUSIONS RAPs can reduce the damage of CaOx to HK-2 cells by regulating the crystallization of CaOx crystals and effectively reducing the risk of kidney stone formation. RAPs, especially RAP3 with a high carboxyl group content, has the potential to be developed as a novel green anti-stone drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Cheng
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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21
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Ghosh K, Takahashi D, Kotake T. Plant type II arabinogalactan: Structural features and modification to increase functionality. Carbohydr Res 2023; 529:108828. [PMID: 37182471 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Type II arabinogalactans (AGs) are a highly diverse class of plant polysaccharides generally encountered as the carbohydrate moieties of certain extracellular proteoglycans, the so-called arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), which are found on plasma membranes and in cell walls. The basic structure of type II AG is a 1,3-β-D-galactan main chain with 1,6-β-D-galactan side chains. The side chains are further decorated with other sugars such as α-l-arabinose and β-d-glucuronic acid. In addition, AGs with 1,6-β-D-galactan as the main chain, which are designated as 'type II related AG' in this review, can also be found in several plants. Due to their diverse and heterogenous features, the determination of carbohydrate structures of type II and type II related AGs is not easy. On the other hand, these complex AGs are scientifically and commercially attractive materials whose structures can be modified by chemical and biochemical approaches for specific purposes. In the current review, what is known about the chemical structures of type II and type II related AGs from different plant sources is outlined. After that, structural analysis techniques are considered and compared. Finally, structural modifications that enhance or alter functionality are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhan Chandra College, Asansol, 713304, West Bengal, India.
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kotake
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan; Green Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
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22
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Liu J, Yin J, Huang X, Liu C, Hu L, Huang Y, Geng F, Nie S. Anthraquinone Removal from Cassia obtusifolia Seed Water Extract Using Baking, Stir-Frying, and Adsorption Treatments: Effects on the Chemical Composition, Physicochemical Properties of Polysaccharides, and Antioxidant Activities of the Water Extract. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5721-5732. [PMID: 36971230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Safety issues of the controversial anthraquinones from Cassia obtusifolia seed water extracts (CWEs) limit its application. This work aimed to remove the anthraquinones of CWEs by baking treatment (BT), stir-frying treatment (ST), and adsorption treatment (AT). Effects of these treatments on the chemical composition, physicochemical properties of polysaccharides, and antioxidant activities of CWEs were analyzed and compared. Results indicated that AT exhibited the best removal effect on the total anthraquinone among the three treatments. After AT, the contents of rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, and aurantio-obtusin of the CWE were below the limit of detection. In addition, AT increased the contents of neutral sugars in CWEs in comparison to BT and ST. None of the treatments had an obvious influence on the structural characteristics of polysaccharides. However, AT decreased the antioxidant activity of CWEs due to their lower anthraquinone content. In summary, AT was considered as an efficient and simple method to remove anthraquinones, while retaining the features of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Junyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Cencen Liu
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 510263, China
| | - Liuyun Hu
- Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 510263, China
| | | | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, Henan 462300, China
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23
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Huang Y, Xie W, Tang T, Chen H, Zhou X. Structural characteristics, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of polysaccharides from Mori Fructus based on different extraction methods. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1125831. [PMID: 37090772 PMCID: PMC10117789 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1125831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mulberry (Mori Fructus), which is rich in many nutrients needed by the human body, serves as both food and medicine. Polysaccharides, which are considered to be important pharmacological components of mulberry, have received a lot of study for their structure and biological activity. In this study, six mulberry fruit polysaccharides (MFPs) were extracted by different extraction methods, and their physicochemical structures, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic biological activities were investigated and compared. According to the findings, MFP-III exhibited the best α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition, whereas MFP-IV had the strongest scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS. Scanner electron microscopy (SEM) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that the apparent morphology and monosaccharide content of MFP were significantly impacted by the different extraction techniques. The results of experiments using Congo red, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and the Congo red experiment showed that the MFP functional groups, glycosidic bonds, triple helix structure, and thermal stability were not significantly different between the extraction methods. According to the aforementioned research, various extraction methods had different effects on the chemical composition and biological activity of mulberry polysaccharides. This information can provide a scientific basis for selecting suitable extraction methods to obtain mulberry polysaccharides with ideal biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huaguo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Huaguo Chen,
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zhou,
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24
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Preparation and anti-tumor activity of selenium nanoparticles based on a polysaccharide from Paeonia lactiflora. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123261. [PMID: 36649870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The combination of selenium and polysaccharides is one of the significant ways to ameliorate the anti-cancer effects of polysaccharides. PLP50-1, a homogeneous polysaccharide purified from the aqueous extract of Paeonia lactiflora, had a molecular weight of 1.52 × 104 Da and consisted of α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, and →6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→. PLP50-1 showed weak anti-tumor effects against A549 cells. To ameliorate the activity of PLP50-1, the complex nanoparticles combining P. lactiflora polysaccharide with selenium were constructed successfully. Structural properties of the polysaccharide-based selenium nanoparticles (PLP-SeNPs) were clarified using various means. The results displayed that a kind of monodisperse spherical nanoparticles containing high selenium content (39.1 %) with controllable size was constructed and showed satisfactory stability. The cellular anti-tumor assay indicated that PLP-SeNPs had stronger antiproliferative activity against A549 cells than PLP50-1. Additionally, the zebrafish experiments displayed that PLP-SeNPs inhibited the proliferation and migration of A549 cells significantly and blocked the angiogenesis.
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25
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Shi L, Hao G, Chen J, Wang J, Weng W. Structural characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide from abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino) muscle. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Liu Y, Huang Y, Zhu R, Farag MA, Capanoglu E, Zhao C. Structural elucidation approaches in carbohydrates: A comprehensive review on techniques and future trends. Food Chem 2023; 400:134118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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27
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Liu S, Chen L, Duan W, Meng Z, Dong H, Wang X. Comparison of Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties of Polysaccharides from Massa Medicata Fermentata and Its Processed Products. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46833-46842. [PMID: 36570240 PMCID: PMC9773791 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two polysaccharides were separately extracted and purified from different types of medicinal slices of Massa Medicata Fermentata (Sheng Massa Medicata Fermentata and Chao Massa Medicata Fermentata). The physicochemical properties of these polysaccharides were studied, including the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and glycosidic linkage. Moreover, inhibition of trypsin, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase by the polysaccharides and their antioxidant activity were investigated. Compared with polysaccharides from Sheng Massa Medicata Fermentata, polysaccharides from Chao Massa Medicata Fermentata had a lower molecular weight, higher uronic acid content, and a lower proportion of side chains. Polysaccharides from Sheng Massa Medicata Fermentata displayed stronger trypsin, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibition activity, whereas the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides from Chao Massa Medicata Fermentata was higher. These results indicated that stir-frying changes the physicochemical properties of the polysaccharides significantly, leading to reduced enzyme inhibition activity and an increase in antioxidant activity. This research provides a guide for the selective application of Massa Medicata Fermentata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Shandong
analysis and test center, Qilu university
of technology (Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250014, P.R. China
- College
of pharmacy, Qilu University of technology
(Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250300, P.R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Shandong
analysis and test center, Qilu university
of technology (Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250014, P.R. China
- College
of pharmacy, Qilu University of technology
(Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250300, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Duan
- Shandong
analysis and test center, Qilu university
of technology (Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250014, P.R. China
- College
of pharmacy, Qilu University of technology
(Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250300, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoqing Meng
- Shandong
Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD., Jinan, Shandong250100, P.R. China
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Shandong
analysis and test center, Qilu university
of technology (Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250014, P.R. China
- College
of pharmacy, Qilu University of technology
(Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250300, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong
analysis and test center, Qilu university
of technology (Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250014, P.R. China
- College
of pharmacy, Qilu University of technology
(Shandong academy of science), Jinan, Shandong250300, P.R. China
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28
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Yuan Q, Liu W, Huang L, Wang L, Yu J, Wang Y, Wu D, Wang S. Quality evaluation of immunomodulatory polysaccharides from
Agaricus bisporus
by an integrated fingerprint technique. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
| | - Ling Huang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety College of Food Science Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an China
| | - Liju Wang
- Fujian Pien Tze Huang Enterprise Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development Zhangzhou Pien Tze Huang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Zhangzhou China
| | - Juan Yu
- Fujian Pien Tze Huang Enterprise Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development Zhangzhou Pien Tze Huang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Zhangzhou China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
| | - Ding‐Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Macao China
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29
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Structural Characterization of Polysaccharide Derived from Gastrodia elata and Its Immunostimulatory Effect on RAW264.7 Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228059. [PMID: 36432165 PMCID: PMC9694387 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A polysaccharide from Gastrodia elata (named GEP-1) was isolated with a DEAE-52 column and Sephadex G-100 column. The structural characteristics showed that GEP-1 was mainly composed of glucose (92.04%), galactose (4.79%) and arabinose (2.19%) with a molecular weight of 76.444 kDa. The polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of GEP-1 was 1.25, indicating that the distribution of molar mass (Mw) was relatively narrow, which suggested that GEP-1 was a homogeneous polysaccharide. Moreover, the molecular conformation plot of the root mean square (RMS) radius (<rg2> 1/2) versus Mw yielded a line with a slope less than 0.33 (0.15 ± 0.02), displaying that GEP-1 is a compact and curly spherical molecule in NaNO3 aqueous solution. NMR and methylation analyses revealed that the main chain structure of GEP-1 was α-(1→4)-glucans. Furthermore, it was proven that GEP-1 possessed cytoproliferative and enhancing phagocytic activities and induced cytokine (TNF-α, IL1-β) and nitric oxide (NO) release in macrophages by upregulating the related gene expression. In addition, the RNA-seq results suggested that the GEP-1-induced immunomodulatory effect was mainly caused by activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which was further verified by NF-κB ELISA and pathway inhibition assays. As a result, GEP-1 exhibits the potential to be developed as a novel cheap immunostimulant without obvious toxicity.
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30
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Wang S, Yang X, Hou X, Zhu Z. Structural characterization and protective effect on PC12 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage of a polysaccharide from Isaria cicadae Miquel mycelium and its zinc derivative. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Hui H, Gao M, Zhao X, Yin L, Xu L, Li L, Peng J. Three water soluble polysaccharides with anti-inflammatory activities from Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1983-1995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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32
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Guo D, Yin X, Wu D, Chen J, Ye X. Natural polysaccharides from Glycyrrhiza uralensis residues with typical glucan structure showing inhibition on α-glucosidase activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:776-785. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Derdak R, Sakoui S, Pop OL, Vodnar DC, Addoum B, Teleky BE, Elemer S, Elmakssoudi A, Suharoschi R, Soukri A, El Khalfi B. Optimisation and characterization of α-D-glucan produced by Bacillus velezensis RSDM1 and evaluation of its protective effect on oxidative stress in Tetrahymena thermophila induced by H2O2. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:3229-3242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zhang B, Zhang Z, Lyu X, Zhao W. Structural characterization of a water-soluble and antimicrobial β-glucan secreted by Rhizobium pusense. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 134:318-325. [PMID: 35927129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a bacterium with the ability to extracellularly produce a water-soluble polysaccharide (with high molecular mass of 743 kDa) was obtained from saline soils. This strain named as ZB01 was identified as Rhizobium punsense by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The monomer composition and structure of extracellular polysaccharides were investigated by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detector, Fourier-transform infrared, methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis. In addition, the morphological characterization of extracellular polysaccharides was performed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. As a result, the polysaccharide is found to be a novel water-soluble type of glucan most likely consisting of repeating two β-d-Glcp-(1 → 3) and one α-d-Glcp-(1 → 3). Furthermore, it showed pronounced antimicrobial effects against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, suggesting it has the potential to be used as a natural antibacterial agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Zhenna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Lyu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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Mechanism of viscosity reduction of okra pectic polysaccharide by ascorbic acid. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 284:119196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Wang YX, Zhang T, Yin JY, Huang XJ, Wang JQ, Hu JL, Nie SP. Structural characterization and rheological properties of an alkali-extracted β-glucan from Hypsizygus marmoreus. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang D, Wang J, Liu H, Liu M, Yang Y, Zhong S. The Main Structural Unit Elucidation and Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro of a Selenium-Enriched Polysaccharide Produced by Pleurotus ostreatus. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082591. [PMID: 35458788 PMCID: PMC9027278 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the structure of selenium-enriched polysaccharides and their application in immunomodulation have attracted much attention. In previous studies, we extracted and purified a novel selenium-enriched Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide called Se-POP-21, but its structure and immunomodulatory activity were still unclear. In this study, the main structural unit formula of Se-POP-21 was characterized by methylation analysis and an NMR experiment. The results showed that the backbone of Se-POP-21 was →[2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-(1]4→2,4)-β-L-Arap-(1→[2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-(1]4→, branched chain of β-D-Manp-(1→ and β-D-Manp-(1→4)-β-L-Arap-(1→ connected with →2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→ and →2,4)-β-L-Arap-(1→,respectively, through the O-2 bond. In vitro cell experiments indicated that Se-POP-21 could significantly enhance the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells, upregulate the expression of costimulatory molecules CD80/CD86, and promote RAW264.7 cells to secrete NO, ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by activating the NF-κB protein. The results of this study indicate that Se-POP-21 can effectively activate RAW264.7 cells. Thus, it has the potential to be used in immunomodulatory drugs or functional foods.
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Structure and antiviral activity of a pectic polysaccharide from the root of Sanguisorba officinalis against enterovirus 71 in vitro/vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 281:119057. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Structure Identification of Two Polysaccharides from Morchella sextelata with Antioxidant Activity. Foods 2022; 11:foods11070982. [PMID: 35407069 PMCID: PMC8997402 DOI: 10.3390/foods11070982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms of the Morchella genus exhibit a variety of biological activities. Two polysaccharides (MSP1-1, 389.0 kDa; MSP1-2, 23.4 kDa) were isolated from Morchella sextelata by subcritical water extraction and column chromatography fractionation. Methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis determined MSP1-1 as a glucan with a backbone of (1→4)-α-D-glucan branched at O-6, and MSP1-2 as a galactomannan with coextracted α-glucan. Light scattering analysis and transmission electron microscopy revealed that MSP1-1 possessed a random coil chain and that MSP1-2 had a network chain. This is the first time that a network structure has been observed in a polysaccharide from M. sextelata. Despite the differences in their chemical structures and conformations, both MSP1-1 and MSP1-2 possessed good thermal stability and showed antioxidant activity. This study provides fundamental data on the structure-activity relationships of M. sextelata polysaccharides.
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Cheng C, Liu F, Wang B, Qu P, Liu J, Zhang Y, Liu W, Tong Z, Deng G. Influences of Serendipita indica and Dictyophorae echinovolvata on the Growth and Fusarium Wilt Disease Resistance of Banana. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030393. [PMID: 35336767 PMCID: PMC8945148 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary By using ‘Zhongjiao No.3’ and ‘Zhongjiao No.4’ banana seedlings as plant materials, we investigated the influences of Serendipita indica and bamboo fungus (Dictyophorae echinovolvata) culture substrates on the growth and wilt disease resistance of banana. S. indica colonization significantly enhanced the growth of the two banana cultivars, while banana seedlings grown in nutrient soil containing bamboo fungus culture substrates inoculated with D. echinovolvata showed suppressed growth. Moreover, both S. indica colonization and D. echinovolvata culture substrates addition can alleviate the disease symptoms caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (FocTR4), and their combined application showed the best disease resistance enhancement effect. The results obtained in this study can provide a basis for the application of S. indica and bamboo fungus in the prevention and control of banana Fusarium wilt disease in the future. Abstract Recently, many control methods have been tried and applied in the Fusarium wilt disease control of banana and have achieved definite progresses. In this study, by using ‘Zhongjiao No.3’ and ‘Zhongjiao No.4’ banana seedlings as materials, the effects of Serendipita indica and bamboo fungus (Dictyophorae echinovolvata) culture substrates on the growth and Fusarium wilt disease resistance of banana were investigated. Results showed that the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, root length and root thickness, aboveground part fresh weight, root fresh weight, and relative chlorophyll content and nitrogen content in leaves of banana seedlings colonized with S. indica were all greater than those of non-colonized controls, while these parameters of banana seedlings grown in nutrient soil containing D. echinovolvata culture substrates were significantly suppressed. Both S. indica non-colonized and colonized seedlings cultivated in nutrient containing 1/4 D. echinovolvata culture substrates showed much milder symptoms compared with those cultivated in normal nutrient soil, indicating that the addition of bamboo fungus substrates to the soil can enhance the Fusarium wilt resistance of banana. The results obtained in this study can provide a basis for the application of S. indica and bamboo fungus in the prevention and control of banana Fusarium wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhen Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (P.Q.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Fan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Pengyan Qu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (P.Q.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Jiapeng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Yongyan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (P.Q.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (P.Q.); (Y.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Zheng Tong
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Guiming Deng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (G.D.)
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41
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Huo Z, Wang G, He Y, Man S, Gao W. Effects of the polysaccharides extracted from Chinese yam ( Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) on cancer-related fatigue in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:10602-10614. [PMID: 34585194 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00375e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-fatigue activity of Chinese Yam polysaccharides (CYPs). The structural characterization of CYPs was conducted using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography-light scattering-refractive index, and ion chromatography. The weight-loaded swimming capability, behavior performance, tumor growth, content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and biochemical markers of CYP in a cancer-related fatigue mouse model were tested. The results showed that CYP is a mixture with an average Mw of 75.57 kDa and is mainly composed of rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose with a molar ratio of 0.01 : 0.06 : 1.00 : 0.17 : 0.01. CYP increased the exhausting swimming time, which was decreased in the cisplatin (DDP) control group and the model group. CYP also increased the content of ATP in musculus gastrocnemius, which was down-regulated by DDP; the DDP had significantly enhanced the contents of interleukin-1β (IL-lβ), malondialdehyde (MDA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and inhibited the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the muscle. Administration of CYP decreased the levels of IL-lβ, MDA, BUN and LDH, and up-regulated the SOD activity. The DDP + CYP group presented a decreased tumor volume and a lower tumor weight as compared with the model group. Moreover, the mice in the CYP or DDP + CYP groups had heavier body weights than the mice in the model group and DDP group. These results suggest that CYP should improve cancer-related fatigue via the regulation of inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and increase in energy supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Yuanxue Liu
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Yiqian Zhang
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Zhipeng Huo
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Genbei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Yi He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tasly TCM Garden, Beichen District, Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Zhang X, Liu Z, Zhong C, Pu Y, Yang Z, Bao Y. Structure characteristics and immunomodulatory activities of a polysaccharide RGRP-1b from radix ginseng Rubra. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:980-992. [PMID: 34478797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to explore the structure characteristics, immune regulation, and anti-cancer abilities of polysaccharides in radix ginseng Rubra (RGR). For this purpose, RGR polysaccharides (RGRP) were purified through DEAE and S-300 chromatography. Monosaccharide composition, methylation, and GC-MS analyses, as well as field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier-transformed infrared resonance (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, were used to establish the structure of RGRP-1b. Our results revealed that RGRP-1a and RGRP-1b possess different molecular weights (21.3 kDa and 10.2 kDa, respectively). RGRP-1a was found to be composed of glucose, while RGRP-1b was composed of glucose, galactose, and arabinose. The main chain structure of RGRP-1b was composed of 1,4-α-Glcp, with a 1,4,6-α-Glcp branch unit. Its side chains were branched at the O-4 position of 1,4,6-α-Glcp, namely 1)-β-Galp-(4 → 1)-α-Araf-(5 → α-Araf and 1)-β-Galp-(6 → α-Glcp. The changes in the nitric oxide (NO) levels and cytotoxicity revealed that macrophages probably get activated by RGRP-1b. The expressions of IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α were found to be upregulated after treatment with RGRP-1b. RGRP-1b thus possesses the potential to arrest the growth of Huh7 through immunoregulation. Our cumulative findings indicate that RGRP-1b obtained from radix ginseng Rubra can function as a strong immune modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zijing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Youwei Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhongwei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yixi Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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Structure and immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble α-glucan from Hirsutella sinensis mycelia. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:857-868. [PMID: 34464642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hirsutella sinensis, the anamorph of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (syn. Cordyceps sinensis), is a great substitute for precious and rare wild Cordyceps sinensis to effectively treat a variety of lung and kidney diseases. In this study, an α-glucan (named as HSWP-2a) was obtained by hot water extraction, DEAE-cellulose separation, and Sepharose CL-6B purification from H. sinensis mycelia. Different from known α-glucans, HSWP-2a is an α-(1 → 4)-D-glucan that branched at O-6, O-3, or O-2 with a terminal 1-linked α-D-Glcp as side chain, with an average molecular weight of 870.70 kDa. Immunological tests showed that HSWP-2a could remarkably enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages and increase the production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, via activating the p38, JNK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Moreover, HSWP-2a could significantly promote splenic lymphocyte proliferation. Taken together, HSWP-2a may be potentially utilized as a natural immunomodulatory agent.
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Structural Characterization of a Neutral Polysaccharide from Cucurbia moschata and Its Uptake Behaviors in Caco-2 Cells. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102357. [PMID: 34681406 PMCID: PMC8535365 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A neutral pumpkin polysaccharide (NPPc) was extracted from Cucurbia moschata and its structural characterization is performed. Moreover, uptake behaviors of an NPPC were investigated at the cellular level. The results showed that NPPc, an average molecular weight (Mw) of 9.023 kDa, was linear (1→4)-α-D-Glcp residues in the backbone, which branched point at O-6 position of (1→4,6)-α-D-Glcp. The side chain contained (1→6)-α-D-Glcp and terminal glucose. The cellular uptake kinetics results showed that the uptake of fluorescent-labeled NPPc was in time- and dose-dependent manners in Caco-2 cells. For subcellular localization of NPPc, it was accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrion. This study illustrates the characteristics on the uptake of NPPc and provides a rational basis for the exploration of polysaccharides absorption in intestinal epithelium.
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Polysaccharide extracted from Althaea officinalis L. root: New studies of structural, rheological and antioxidant properties. Carbohydr Res 2021; 510:108438. [PMID: 34597979 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble acidic polysaccharide (AOP-2) from Althaea officinalis L. root was isolated by water extraction and purified by ion exchange chromatography (Cellulose DEAE-52) and gel filtration (Sephadex G-200). The structure characteristics of AOP-2 was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC_MS). The results indicated that the AOP-2 was an acidic hetropolysaccharide with the molecular weight of 639.27 kDa. The AOP-2 composed of 51% galacturonic acid, 32.56% rhamnose, 12.73% glucose and 3.71% galactose. It could be found that the main backbone chain of AOP-2 consisted of →3)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →3)-α-D-Rhap-(1→ and→3,4)-β-D-Galp-(1→ with branches of →4)-α-D-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ and α-D-Rhap-(1 → . Thermal analysis revealed that the AOP-2 had high thermal stability and according to the results obtained from XRD analysis, it had a semi-crystalline structure. The results of Steady-shear flow and dynamical viscoelasticity showed that AOP-2 solutions exhibited shear-thinning behavior with high viscosity and a weak gel-like behavior at concentrations above 1% in linear viscoelastic region. In addition, it showed relatively high antioxidant property.
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46
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Li J, Zhang Y, Yang S, Lu Z, Li G, Liu J, Zhou B, Wu D, Wang L. Isolation, Purification, Characterization, and Immunomodulatory Activity Analysis of α-Glucans from Spirulina platensis. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21384-21394. [PMID: 34471742 PMCID: PMC8387993 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Crude polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis (SP) were isolated by maceration with a hot alkali solution and further fractionated by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 chromatography into two purified fractions PSP-1 and PSP-2. The monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that SP was mainly composed of rhamnose and glucose, while PSP-1 and PSP-2 were composed only of glucose. The composition analysis of PSP-1 and PSP-2 by HPLC, FT-IR, and NMR showed that PSP-1 and PSP-2 were branching dextran, and their structures were (1 → 4)-linked-α-D-Glcp as the main chain, and C-6 replaced the single α-D-Glcp as the linear structure of the branch chain. The glucans (SP/PSP-1/PSP-2) can significantly improve the phagocytic ability of macrophages, enhance iNOS activity, promote NO production, and increase IL-6 mRNA expression, so they may possess certain immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shen Yang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Lu
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Guiling Li
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department
of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Daren Wu
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
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Characterization of a neutral polysaccharide from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch) with potential immunomodulatory activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:729-739. [PMID: 34389393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A neutral polysaccharide designated as CMDP-1a (molecular mass 9.263 kDa) was isolated from Cucurbita moschata Duch through hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and column chromatography. On the basis of methylation, fourier-transform infrared, monosaccharide composition, and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses, the structure of CMDP-1a was determined to be a backbone composed of α-1,4 linked glucopyranosyl residues with α-Glcp residue linkage at backbone C-6. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that CMDP-1a had a spherical conformation in solution. In immunostimulation assays, CMDP-1a promoted the proliferation of RAW 264.7 macrophages and significantly enhanced their pinocytic and phagocytic capacity. Furthermore, CMDP-1a induced the M1 polarization of original macrophages and the conversion of macrophages from M2 to M1, thereby modulating the balance of M1/M2 macrophages. These results indicated that CMDP-1a might be a potential immunomodulator for food purposes.
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Su J, Liao D, Su Y, Liu S, Jiang L, Wu J, Liu Z, Wu Y. Novel polysaccharide extracted from Sipunculus nudus inhibits HepG2 tumour growth in vivo by enhancing immune function and inducing tumour cell apoptosis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8338-8351. [PMID: 34302428 PMCID: PMC8419178 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide was extracted from Sipunculus nudus (SNP). The molecular weight (MW) of SNP was determined to be 9223 Da by high‐performance gel permeation chromatography analyses, and the structure of the SNP repeat units was determined to be →3,4‐β‐D‐GlcpNAC (1→ and →4) ‐α‐D‐Glcp (1→ in the ratio of 15:1; →2) ‐α ‐D‐Galp ‐ (1→ as a side chain; and β‐D‐Galp‐(1→ and α‐ D‐Glcp ‐ (1→ as end groups by GC‐MS analysis and NMR assays. The effect of SNP on hepatoma HepG2‐bearing mice was analysed to verify its potential in the clinical treatment of liver cancer. A total of 90 male athymic nu/nu mice were divided into therapeutic and preventive groups and fed with different amounts of SNP. The antitumour effect of SNP on HepG2‐bearing mice and mechanism of such were studied by analysing the tumour size, spleen index, thymus index, immune factors in the blood, tumour apoptosis factors, etc. The results suggest that SNP not only increased the index of immune organs in the body, but also enhanced the secretion of immune factors, including interleukin‐2, interferon gamma and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha in the serum. SNP induced the apoptosis of tumour cells via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, which upregulated caspase‐3, caspase‐8, caspase‐9 and BCL2‐associated X, but downregulated B‐cell lymphoma‐2 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression. In conclusion, SNP inhibited tumour growth by enhancing immune function and inducing tumour cell apoptosis in HepG2‐bearing mice. Therefore, SNP may be further investigated as a promising candidate for future antitumour drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Su
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Dengyuan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Yongchang Su
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuji Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingna Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang X, Wei S, Lu X, Qiao X, Simal-Gandara J, Capanoglu E, Woźniak Ł, Zou L, Cao H, Xiao J, Tang X, Li N. A neutral polysaccharide with a triple helix structure from ginger: Characterization and immunomodulatory activity. Food Chem 2021; 350:129261. [PMID: 33610845 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A neutral ginger polysaccharide fraction (NGP) was isolated from ginger, and its primary structures and immunomodulatory activity were investigated. The results showed that NGP had a low molecular weight of 6305 Da. NGP principally consisted of glucose (93.88%) together with minor levels of galactose (3.27%) and arabinose (1.67%). Besides, results of methylation analysis and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that NGP was α-glucan which had the main chain of 1,4-linked α-d-Glcp and α-d-Glcp residues branched at C-6 position which was different from the common triple helical β-glucans. NGP also displayed a remarkable immunological activity on the RAW264.7 cells in vitro. It could significantly enhance the proliferation of macrophages without cytotoxicity and increase the production of immune substances (NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). The secretion at the concentration of 200 μg/mL was 29.41 μM, 1496.71, 44.30 and 1889.83 pg/mL for each substance, respectively. The results indicated that NGP could be a potential immune agent and might provide meaningful information for further chain conformation and immune mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Siqing Wei
- Shandong Foreign Trade Vocational College, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xuguang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Łukasz Woźniak
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 36 Rakowiecka Street, 02532 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Ningyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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Wang YX, Yin JY, Zhang T, Xin Y, Huang XJ, Nie SP. Utilizing relative ordered structure theory to guide polysaccharide purification for structural characterization. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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