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Kapoor DU, Sharma H, Maheshwari R, Pareek A, Gaur M, Prajapati BG, Castro GR, Thanawuth K, Suttiruengwong S, Sriamornsak P. Konjac glucomannan: A comprehensive review of its extraction, health benefits, and pharmaceutical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122266. [PMID: 38823930 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Konjac glucomannan (KG) is a dietary fiber hydrocolloid derived from Amorphophallus konjac tubers and is widely utilized as a food additive and dietary supplement. As a health-conscious choice, purified KG, along with konjac flour and KG-infused diets, have gained widespread acceptance in Asian and European markets. An overview of the chemical composition and structure of KG is given in this review, along with thorough explanations of the processes used in its extraction, production, and purification. KG has been shown to promote health by reducing glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and blood pressure, thereby offering significant weight loss advantages. Furthermore, this review delves into the extensive health benefits and pharmaceutical applications of KG and its derivatives, emphasizing its prebiotic, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. This study highlights how these natural polysaccharides can positively influence health, underscoring their potential in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad 244001, India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Deemed to be University, Hyderabad 509301, India
| | - Ashutosh Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, India
| | - Mansi Gaur
- Rajasthan Pharmacy College, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur 302026, India
| | - Bhupendra G Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana 384012, India; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
| | - Guillermo R Castro
- Nanomedicine Research Unit, Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Sao Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Kasitpong Thanawuth
- College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand; Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Supakij Suttiruengwong
- Sustainable Materials Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Pornsak Sriamornsak
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India.
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Yin D, Zhong Y, Liu H, Hu J. Lipid metabolism regulation by dietary polysaccharides with different structural properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132253. [PMID: 38744359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in energy homeostasis maintenance in response to stress. Nowadays, hyperlipidemia-related chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and fatty liver pose significant health challenges. Dietary polysaccharides (DPs) have gained attention for their effective lipid-lowering properties. This review examines the multifaceted mechanisms that DPs employ to lower lipid levels in subjects with hyperlipidemia. DPs could directly inhibit lipid intake and absorption, promote lipid excretion, and regulate key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism pathways, including triglyceride and cholesterol anabolism and catabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and bile acid synthesis. Additionally, DPs indirectly improve lipid homeostasis by modulating gut microbiota composition and alleviating oxidative stress. Moreover, the lipid-lowering mechanisms of particular structural DPs (including β-glucan, pectin, glucomannan, inulin, arabinoxylan, and fucoidan) are summarized. The relationship between the structure and lipid-lowering activity of DPs is also discussed based on current researches. Finally, potential breakthroughs and future directions in the development of DPs in lipid-lowering activity are discussed. The paper could provide a reference for further exploring the mechanism of DPs for lipid regulations and utilizing DPs as lipid-lowering dietary ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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Wu Y, Mo J, Liang J, Pu X, Dong Y, Zhu X, Zhao H, Qiu H, Wu S, Lu T. Multiomic study of the protective mechanism of Persicaria capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in Guizhou miniature pigs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155499. [PMID: 38492367 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persicaria capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross (P. capitata, PCB), a traditional drug of the Miao people in China, is potential traditional drug used for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the function of P. capitata and clarify its protective mechanism against DN. METHODS We induced DN in the Guizhou miniature pig with injections of streptozotocin, and P. capitata was added to the pigs' diet to treat DN. In week 16, all the animals were slaughtered, samples were collected, and the relative DN indices were measured. 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomics, metabolomics, RNA sequencing, and proteomics were used to explore the protective mechanism of P. capitata against DN. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with P. capitata significantly reduced the extent of the disease, not only in term of the relative disease indices but also in hematoxylin-eosin-stained tissues. A multiomic analysis showed that two microbes (Clostridium baratii and Escherichia coli), five metabolites (oleic acid, linoleic acid, 4-phenylbutyric acid, 18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid, and ergosterol peroxide), four proteins (ENTPD5, EPHX1, ARVCF and TREH), four important mRNAs (encoding ENTPD5, EPHX1, ARVCF, and TREH), six lncRNAs (TCONS_00024194, TCONS_00085825, TCONS_00006937, TCONS_00070981, TCONS_00074099, and TCONS_00097913), and two circRNAs (novel_circ_0001514 and novel_circ_0017507) are all involved in the protective mechanism of P. capitata against DN. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide multidimensional theoretical support for the study and application of P. capitata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jiayuan Mo
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jing Liang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiang Pu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yuanqiu Dong
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Huaming Qiu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Shuguang Wu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Taofeng Lu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
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Chen ZH, Yuan XH, Tu TT, Wang L, Mao YH, Luo Y, Qiu SY, Song AX. Characterization and prebiotic potential of polysaccharides from Rosa roxburghii Tratt pomace by ultrasound-assisted extraction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131910. [PMID: 38679267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In this study, polysaccharides (RRTPs) were extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt pomace by hot water or ultrasound (US)-assisted extraction. The structural properties and potential prebiotic functions of RRTPs were investigated. Structural characterization was conducted through HPAEC, HPGPC, GC-MS, FT-IR and SEM. Chemical composition analysis revealed that RRTPs extracted by hot water (RRTP-HW) or US with shorter (RRTP-US-S) or longer duration (RRTP-US-L) all consisted of galacturonic acid, galactose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and glucuronic acid in various molar ratio. US extraction caused notable reduction in molecular weight of RRTPs but no significant changes in primary structures. Fecal fermentation showed RRTPs could reshape microbial composition toward a healthier balance, leading to a higher production of beneficial metabolites including total short-chain fatty acids, curcumin, noopept, spermidine, 3-feruloylquinic acid and citrulline. More beneficial shifts in bacterial population were observed in RRTP-HW group, while RRTP-US-S had stronger ability to stimulate bacterial short-chain fatty acids production. Additionally, metabolic profiles with the intervention of RRTP-HW, RRTP-US-S or RRTP-US-L were significantly different from each other. The results suggested RRTPs had potential prebiotic effects which could be modified by power US via molecular weight degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Tu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yu-Heng Mao
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - You Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shu-Yi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ang-Xin Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China..
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Zhang X, Wang J, Zhang T, Li S, Liu J, Li M, Lu J, Zhang M, Chen H. Updated Progress on Polysaccharides with Anti-Diabetic Effects through the Regulation of Gut Microbiota: Sources, Mechanisms, and Structure-Activity Relationships. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:456. [PMID: 38675416 PMCID: PMC11053653 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease worldwide. The disturbance of the gut microbiota has a complex influence on the development of DM. Polysaccharides are one type of the most important natural components with anti-diabetic effects. Gut microbiota can participate in the fermentation of polysaccharides, and through this, polysaccharides regulate the gut microbiota and improve DM. This review begins by a summary of the sources, anti-diabetic effects and the gut microbiota regulation functions of natural polysaccharides. Then, the mechanisms of polysaccharides in regulating the gut microbiota to exert anti-diabetic effects and the structure-activity relationship are summarized. It is found that polysaccharides from plants, fungi, and marine organisms show great hypoglycemic activities and the gut microbiota regulation functions. The mechanisms mainly include repairing the gut burrier, reshaping gut microbiota composition, changing the metabolites, regulating anti-inflammatory activity and immune function, and regulating the signal pathways. Structural characteristics of polysaccharides, such as monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and type of glycosidic linkage, show great influence on the anti-diabetic activity of polysaccharides. This review provides a reference for the exploration and development of the anti-diabetic effects of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jia Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Shuqin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Mingyue Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingyang Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Min Zhang
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
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Gao F, Zhang W, Cao M, Liu X, Han T, He W, Shi B, Gu Z. Maternal supplementation with konjac glucomannan improves maternal microbiota for healthier offspring during lactation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3736-3748. [PMID: 38234014 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The maternal diet during gestation and lactation affects the health of the offspring. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a significantly functional polysaccharide in food research, possessing both antioxidant and prebiotic properties. However, the mechanisms of how KGM regulates maternal nutrition remain insufficient and limited. This study aimed to investigate maternal supplementation with KGM during late gestation and lactation to benefit both maternal and offspring generations. RESULTS Our findings indicate that KGM improves serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the KGM group displayed a significant increase in the feed intake-related hormones neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY), Ghrelin, and adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) levels. KGM modified the relative abundance of Clostridium, Candidatus Saccharimonas, unclassified Firmicutes, and unclassified Christensenellaceae in sow feces. Acetate, valerate, and isobutyrate were also improved in the feces of sows in the KGM group. These are potential target bacterial genera that may modulate the host's health. Furthermore, Spearman's correlation analysis unveiled significant correlations between the altered bacteria genus and feed intake-related hormones. More importantly, KGM reduced interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in milk, further improved IL-10 levels, and reduced zonulin levels in the serum of offspring. CONCLUSION In conclusion, maternal dietary supplementation with KGM during late gestation and lactation improves maternal nutritional status by modifying maternal microbial and increasing lactation feed intake, which benefits the anti-inflammatory capacity of the offspring serum. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingming Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Baoming Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigang Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Yin Z, Zhu L, Gao M, Yu D, Zhang Z, Zhu L, Zhan X. Effects of In Vitro Fermentation of Polysialic Acid and Sialic Acid on Gut Microbial Community Composition and Metabolites in Healthy Humans. Foods 2024; 13:481. [PMID: 38338616 PMCID: PMC10855092 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of polysialic acid (PSA) and sialic acid (SA) on the gut microbial community composition and metabolites in healthy humans was investigated using a bionic gastrointestinal reactor. The results indicated that PSA and SA significantly changed the gut microbiota and metabolites to different degrees. PSA can increase the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium and Allisonella, whereas SA can increase those of Bifidobacterium and Megamonas. Both can significantly increase the content of short-chain fatty acids. The results of metabolome analysis showed that PSA can upregulate ergosterol peroxide and gallic acid and downregulate the harmful metabolite N-acetylputrescine. SA can upregulate 4-pyridoxic acid and lipoic acid. PSA and SA affect gut microbiota and metabolites in different ways and have positive effects on human health. These results will provide a reference for the further development of PSA- and SA-related functional foods and health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
- A & F Biotech. Ltd., Burnaby, BC V5A 3P6, Canada
| | - Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Dan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zijian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.); (M.G.); (D.Y.); (Z.Z.); (L.Z.)
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Wang Q, Zhou X, Gou H, Chang H, Lan J, Li J, Li Z, Gao M, Wang Z, Yi Y, Li N. Antibacterial activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Artemisia argyi leaf against Staphylococcus aureus and mechanism investigation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126636. [PMID: 37657565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Abuse of antibiotics has led to excessive amounts of antibiotic residues in food and environment, thus enhancing pathogenic bacterium resistance and threatening human health. Therefore, searching and developing safe and green antibiotic alternatives are necessary. In this study, an Artemisia argyi leaf polysaccharide (AALP) fraction was extracted and analyzed. Chemical composition analysis showed that the carbohydrate, uronic acid, protein, and polyphenol content in AALP were 68.3 % ± 4.13 %, 9.4 % ± 0.86 %, 1.79 % ± 0.27 %, and 0.16 % ± 0.035 %, respectively. Chromatographic results suggested that AALP contained rhamnose, arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 9.26, 1.35, 1.18, 3.04, 48.51, 2.33, 31.26, 3.93, and 9.08; the weight average molecular weight, number average molecular weight, and polydispersity of AALP were 5.41 kDa, 4.63 kDa, and 1.168, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that AALP constituted the polysaccharide-specific groups of CH, CO, and OH. Meanwhile, AALP showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus in the inhibition zone assay, and the minimal inhibitory concentration was 1.25 mg/mL. Furthermore, AALP disrupted the cell wall, depolarized the inner membrane potential, and inhibited the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase in S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haiqin Gou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - He Chang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junyi Lan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zichao Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yanjie Yi
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Na Li
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Chen SK, Wang X, Guo YQ, Song XX, Yin JY, Nie SP. Exploring the partial degradation of polysaccharides: Structure, mechanism, bioactivities, and perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4831-4870. [PMID: 37755239 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are promising biomolecules with lowtoxicity and diverse bioactivities in food processing and clinical drug development. However, an essential prerequisite for their applications is the fine structure characterization. Due to the complexity of polysaccharide structure, partial degradation is a powerful tool for fine structure analysis, which can effectively provide valid information on the structure of backbone and branching glycosidic fragments of complex polysaccharides. This review aims to conclude current methods of partial degradation employed for polysaccharide structural characterization, discuss the molecular mechanisms, and describe the molecular structure and solution properties of degraded polysaccharides. In addition, the effects of polysaccharide degradation on the conformational relationships between the molecular structure and bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities, are also discussed. Finally, we summarize the prospects and current challenges for the partial degradation of polysaccharides. This review will be of great value for the scientific elucidation of polysaccharide fine structures and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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10
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Wang Z, Zhou X, Shu Z, Zheng Y, Hu X, Zhang P, Huang H, Sheng L, Zhang P, Wang Q, Wang X, Li N. Regulation strategy, bioactivity, and physical property of plant and microbial polysaccharides based on molecular weight. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 244:125360. [PMID: 37321440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Structural features affect the bioactivity, physical property, and application of plant and microbial polysaccharides. However, an indistinct structure-function relationship limits the production, preparation, and utilization of plant and microbial polysaccharides. Molecular weight is an easily regulated structural feature that affects the bioactivity and physical property of plant and microbial polysaccharides, and plant and microbial polysaccharides with a specific molecular weight are important for exerting their bioactivity and physical property. Therefore, this review summarized the regulation strategies of molecular weight via metabolic regulation; physical, chemical, and enzymic degradations; and the influence of molecular weight on the bioactivity and physical property of plant and microbial polysaccharides. Moreover, further problems and suggestions must be paid attention to during regulation, and the molecular weight of plant and microbial polysaccharides must be analyzed. The present work will promote the production, preparation, utilization, and investigation of the structure-function relationship of plant and microbial polysaccharides based on their molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihan Shu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001,China
| | - Xilei Hu
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001,China
| | - Peiyao Zhang
- School of International Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001,China
| | - Hongtao Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pengshuai Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xueqin Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Na Li
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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11
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Zhang M, Chang C, Li J, Sun Y, Cai Y, Gu L, Xiong W, Yang Y, Su Y. Comparative study on the effect of inhibitory methods on the color and gelation properties of alkali induced heat-set konjac gel from Amorphophallus bulbifer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:123975. [PMID: 36907300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
As a newly superior konjac variety, the Amorphophallus bulbifer (A. bulbifer) was easily browning during the alkali-induced process. In this study, five different inhibitory methods, such as citric-acid heat pretreatment (CAT), mixed with citric acid (CA), mixed with ascorbic acid (AA), mixed with L-cysteine (CYS), and mixed with potato starch (PS, containing TiO2), were separately used to inhibit the browning of alkali-induced heat-set A. bulbifer gel (ABG). The color and gelation properties were then investigated and compared. Results showed that the inhibitory methods had significant influences on the appearance, color, physicochemical properties, rheological properties, and microstructures of ABG. Among them, the CAT method not only significantly inhibited the browning of ABG (ΔE value dropped from 25.74 to 14.68) but also improved the water-holding capacity, moisture distribution, and thermal stability without damaging the textural properties of ABG. Moreover, SEM revealed that both CAT and adding PS methods could exhibit the more dense gel network structures of ABG than other methods. It was reasonable to conclude that ABG-CAT offered a superior method to prevent browning compared to the other methods based on the texture, microstructure, color, appearance, and thermal stability of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cuihua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yundan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Luping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China.
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12
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Deng J, Zou X, Liang Y, Zhong J, Zhou K, Zhang J, Zhang M, Wang Z, Sun Y, Li M. Hypoglycemic effects of different molecular weight konjac glucomannans via intestinal microbiota and SCFAs mediated mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:122941. [PMID: 36563827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The hypoglycemic effects of konjac glucomannans (KGMs) are well recognized, and our previous study showed KGMs with different molecular weight have different hypoglycemic effects on diabetes rats, but the detailed mechanisms still remain unclear. In this study, KGMs with medium molecular weight (KGM-M, 757.1 kDa) and low molecular weight (KGM-L, 87.3 kDa) were utilized to investigate the possible mechanism on hypoglycemic effects of type 2 diabetic (T2DM) rats. The results revealed that KGM-M had better effects than KGM-L on decreasing fasting blood glucose, mitigating insulin resistance and improving inflammation. Further mechanism analysis showed that KGM-M better enriched gut flora diversity and the abundance of Ruminococcus and Lachnoclostridium, which was accompanied by increased short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and expression of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and improved regulation on bile acid synthesis. Antibiotics treatment eliminated the beneficial effects of KGMs on gut flora, SCFAs, GPCRs and bile acid synthesis. By contrast, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) treatment restored the structure of intestinal microbiota. And after FMT treatment, KGM-M displayed higher hypoglycemic activity than KGM-L, probably due to the better effects on intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, GPCRs expression and bile acid synthesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Shunde Vocational and Technical College, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Xiaoying Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Industry-University-Research Collaboration, Shenzhen Total-Test Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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13
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Zhao J, He R, Zhong H, Liu S, Liu X, Hussain M, Sun P. A cold-water extracted polysaccharide-protein complex from Grifola frondosa exhibited anti-tumor activity via TLR4-NF-κB signaling activation and gut microbiota modification in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124291. [PMID: 37028620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Grifola frondosa polysaccharide-protein complex (G. frondosa PPC) is a polymer which consists of polysaccharides and proteins/peptides linked by covalent bonds. In our previous ex vivo research, it has been demonstrated that a cold-water extracted G. frondosa PPC has stronger antitumor activity than a G. frondosa PPC extracted from boiling water. The main purpose of the current study was to further evaluate the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma and gut microbiota regulation effects of two PPCs isolated from G. frondosa at 4 °C (GFG-4) and 100 °C (GFG-100) in vivo. The results exhibited that GFG-4 remarkably upregulated the expression of related proteins in TLR4-NF-κB and apoptosis pathway, thereby inhibiting the development of H22 tumors. Additionally, GFG-4 increased the abundance of norank_f__Muribaculaceae and Bacillus and reduced the abundance of Lactobacillus. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis suggested that GFG-4 promoted SCFAs production, particularly butyric acid. Conclusively, the present experiments revealed GFG-4 has the potential of anti-hepatocellular carcinoma growth via activating TLR4-NF-κB pathway and regulating gut microbiota. Therefore, G. frondosa PPCs could be considered as safe and effective natural ingredient for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study also provides a theoretical foundation for the regulation of gut microbiota by G. frondosa PPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Rongjun He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Bioactives and Functional Foods Research Center, China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China; Zhejiang Fangge Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 323800, China.
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Bioactives and Functional Foods Research Center, China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shizhu Liu
- Zhejiang Fangge Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 323800, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Bioactives and Functional Foods Research Center, China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Muhammad Hussain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Peilong Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research, China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China; Zhejiang Fangge Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 323800, China.
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14
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Chen X, Tong YL, Ren ZM, Chen SS, Mei XY, Zhou QY, Dai GH. Hypoglycemic mechanisms of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide in db/db mice via regulation of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and alteration of gut microbiota. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15484. [PMID: 37128343 PMCID: PMC10147986 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonatum rhizoma polysaccharide (PP) is a main ingredient of Polygonatum rhizoma , which is both food and traditional herbal medicine. In this study, we aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of PP and the underlying mechanisms in db/db mice. Our finding showed that PP significantly ameliorates diabetic symptoms by reducing glucose levels in blood and urine and increasing insulin and leptin abundance in the serum. Histopathological examination revealed that PP improved the pathological state and increased hepatic glycogen storage in liver. Additionally, RT-qPCR results indicated that PP significantly down-regulated the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1. Furthermore, 16s rRNA sequencing results demonstrated that PP intervention resulted in an increase in beneficial bacteria genus and a reduction in harmful genus. Redundancy analysis revealed the correlation between intestinal flora and clinical factors. Taken together, these results suggest that PP has a significant hypoglycemic effect on type 2 diabetes (T2D) through up-regulating serum insulin and leptin, as well as hepatic glycogen storage, and down-regulating hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 expression, as well as modulating gut microbiota composition. In conclusion, this study investigated the mechanisms of PP in the treatment of diabetes in db/db mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the positive and negative correlations between gut microbiota and clinical factors, such as oxidative stress injury in liver and glucose related indicators in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-ling Tong
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-ming Ren
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-si Chen
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-yu Mei
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-yun Zhou
- Second Clinical Medical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-hai Dai
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author.
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15
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Li X, Chen Y, Song L, Wang J, Song Z, Zhao X, Zhou C, Wu Y. Partial enzymolysis affects the digestion of tamarind seed polysaccharides in vitro: Degradation accelerates and gut microbiota regulates. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124175. [PMID: 37003195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Two hydrolyzed fractions of tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), denoted ETSP1 (176.68 kDa) and ETSP2 (34.34 kDa), were prepared by partial degradation via endo-xyloglucanase, and then characterized and evaluated by simulated gastrointestinal digestion in vitro. The results showed that the hydrolyzed TSPs remained indigestible in gastric and small intestinal media, and were fermented by gut microbiota, similar to the native TSP (Mw = 481.52 kDa). Although the degradation of hydrolyzed TSPs was accelerated during fermentation with a decreasing degree of polymerization, the content of produced total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) decreased. After fermentation, the gut microbiota composition was modified, esp. the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio decreased (1.06 vs. 0.96 vs. 0.80) with a decreasing degree of polymerization, which implied that the potential anti-obesity prebiotic effect was enhanced. At the genus level, hydrolyzed TSPs maintained similar roles as native TSP, including promoting beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium, Parabacteroides, and Faecalibacterium) and inhibiting enteropathogenic bacteria (Escherichia-Shigella and Dorea). Moreover, ETSP1 had additional potential due to abundant Bacteroides vulgatus (LDA = 4.68), and ETSP2 might perform better as related to Bacteroides xylanisolvens (LDA = 4.40). All these results indicated the prebiotic potential of hydrolyzed TSP with detailed information about changes in degradation and gut microbiota based on enzyme-hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujiao Li
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yinan Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lihua Song
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jiangmei Wang
- Weifang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Weifang 261041, China.
| | - Zibo Song
- Yunnan Maoduoli Group Food Co., Ltd., Yuxi 653100, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Changyan Zhou
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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16
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Hendricks SA, Vella CA, New DD, Aunjum A, Antush M, Geidl R, Andrews KR, Balemba OB. High-Resolution Taxonomic Characterization Reveals Novel Human Microbial Strains with Potential as Risk Factors and Probiotics for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:758. [PMID: 36985331 PMCID: PMC10051885 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota is thought to play a key role in causing type 2 diabetes, yet is not fully understood, especially at the strain level. Here, we used long-read DNA sequencing technology of 16S-ITS-23S rRNA genes for high-resolution characterization of gut microbiota in the development of type 2 diabetes. Gut microbiota composition was characterized from fecal DNA from 47 participants divided into 4 cohorts based on glycemic control: normal glycemic control (healthy; n = 21), reversed prediabetes (prediabetes/healthy; n = 8), prediabetes (n = 8), or type 2 diabetes (n = 10). A total of 46 taxa were found to be possibly related to progression from healthy state to type 2 diabetes. Bacteroides coprophilus DSM 18228, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum DSM 20438, and Bifidobacterium adolescentis ATCC 15703 could confer resistance to glucose intolerance. On the other hand, Odoribacter laneus YIT 12061 may be pathogenic as it was found to be more abundant in type 2 diabetes participants than other cohorts. This research increases our understanding of the structural modulation of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and highlights gut microbiota strains, with the potential for targeted opportunistic pathogen control or consideration for probiotic prophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Hendricks
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Chantal A. Vella
- Department of Movement Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
- WWAMI Medical Education Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Daniel D. New
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Afiya Aunjum
- Department of Movement Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Maximilian Antush
- Department of Movement Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Rayme Geidl
- WWAMI Medical Education Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Kimberly R. Andrews
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Onesmo B. Balemba
- WWAMI Medical Education Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
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17
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Wang Z, Zhou X, Sheng L, Zhang D, Zheng X, Pan Y, Yu X, Liang X, Wang Q, Wang B, Li N. Effect of ultrasonic degradation on the structural feature, physicochemical property and bioactivity of plant and microbial polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123924. [PMID: 36871679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
With the bioactivities of antioxidant, anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation, immune regulation, antitumor and anti-coagulation, plant and microbial polysaccharides have been widely used in foods, medicine and cosmetics. However, how structure features affect the physicochemical property and bioactivity of plant and microbial polysaccharides is still unclear. Ultrasonic degradation usually degrades or modifies plant and microbial polysaccharides with different physicochemical properties and bioactivities by affecting their chemical or spatial structures via mechanical bond breaking and cavitation effects. Therefore, ultrasonic degradation might be an effective strategy for producing bioactive plant and microbial polysaccharides and analyzing their structure-function relationship. Present review summarized the influence of ultrasonic degradation on structural feature, physicochemical property and bioactivity of plant and microbial polysaccharides. Moreover, further problems need to be paid attention to during the application of ultrasonication for plant and microbial polysaccharides degradation are also recommended. Overall, present review will provide an efficient method for producing enhanced bioactive plant and microbial polysaccharides and analyzing their structure-activity relationship based on ultrasonic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinxin Zheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaona Liang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Baoshi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center in Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Na Li
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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18
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Liu Q, Fang J, Huang W, Liu S, Zhang X, Gong G, Huang L, Lin X, Wang Z. The intervention effects of konjac glucomannan with different molecular weights on high-fat and high-fructose diet-fed obese mice based on the regulation of gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112498. [PMID: 36869507 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Konjac is a high-quality dietary fiber rich in β-glucomannan, which has been reported to possess anti-obesity effects. To explore the effective components and the structure-activity relationships of konjac glucomannan (KGM), three different molecular weight components (KGM-1 (90 kDa), KGM-2 (5 kDa), KGM-3 (1 kDa)) were obtained, and systematical comparisons of their effects on high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced obese mice were investigated in the present study. Our results indicated that KGM-1, with its larger molecular weight, reduced mouse body weight and improved their insulin resistance status. KGM-1 markedly inhibited lipid accumulation in mouse livers induced by HFFD by downregulating Pparg expression and upregulating Hsl and Cpt1 expressions. Further investigation revealed that dietary supplementation with konjac glucomannan at different molecular weights caused β-diversity changes in gut microbes. The potential weight loss effect of KGM-1 maybe attributed to the abundance of changes in Coprobacter, Streptococcus, Clostridium IV, and Parasutterella. The results provide a scientific basis for the in-depth development and utilization of konjac resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jie Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Sining Liu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Guiping Gong
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xiaoliang Lin
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Li Y, Gong T, Lu H, Ma S, Liu X. In vitro fermentation characteristics of oxidized konjac glucomannan and its modulation effects on gut microbiota. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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20
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Jayachandran M, Christudas S, Zheng X, Xu B. Dietary fiber konjac glucomannan exerts an antidiabetic effect via inhibiting lipid absorption and regulation of PPAR-γ and gut microbiome. Food Chem 2023; 403:134336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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21
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Zhang M, Gu L, Chang C, Li J, Sun Y, Cai Y, Xiong W, Yang Y, Su Y. Evaluation of the composition of konjac glucomannan on the color changes during the deacetylation reaction. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:242-250. [PMID: 36563814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As a newly superior konjac variety, the Amorphophallus bulbifer (A. bulbifer) has several unique advantages of high reproductive coefficient, short growth cycle, high disease resistance, high konjac glucomannan (KGM) content and climate adaption to hot or humid conditions. However, the gel formed by KGM from the A. bulbifer flour is easily browning during the alkali-induced process and the mechanism underlying them is still unclear. In order to explore the browning mechanisms, the changes of composition and color parameters of KGM were investigated during deacetylation in this research. The L*, h*, total phenols, total flavonoids, reducing sugars, and amino acids decreased along with the increase of deacetylation degree of KGM while a*, ΔЕ, and browning index increased. The results indicated that the oxidation or polymerization of polyphenols and flavones in alkaline circumstances, and the carbonyl ammonia reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids may be the main reasons for color changes of KGM flour during deacetylation. Hence, this study was expected to provide the theoretical basis for the inhibition of KGM gel browning and further broaden the application range of KGM in food and other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Luping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cuihua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yundan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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22
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Wang H, Li H, Hou Y, Zhang P, Tan M. Plant polysaccharides: sources, structures, and anti-diabetic effects. Curr Opin Food Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2023.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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23
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Konjac Glucomannan: An Emerging Specialty Medical Food to Aid in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020363. [PMID: 36673456 PMCID: PMC9858196 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many factors causing T2DM; thus, it is difficult to prevent and cure it with conventional treatment. In order to realize the continuous intervention of T2DM, the treatment strategy of combining diet therapy and traditional medication came into being. As a natural product with the concept of being healthy, konjac flour and its derivatives are popular with the public. Its main component, Konjac glucomannan (KGM), can not only be applied as a food additive, which greatly improves the taste and flavor of food and extends the shelf life of food but also occupies an important role in T2DM. KGM can extend gastric emptying time, increase satiety, and promote liver glycogen synthesis, and also has the potential to improve intestinal flora and the metabolic system through a variety of molecular pathways in order to positively regulate oxidative stress and immune inflammation, and protect the liver and kidneys. In order to establish the theoretical justification for the adjunctive treatment of T2DM, we have outlined the physicochemical features of KGM in this article, emphasizing the advantages of KGM as a meal for special medical purposes of T2DM.
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Zhou W, Weng Y, Liu Q, Wang C, Zhang YQ, Zhang X, Ye A. Dietary administration with hydrolyzed silk sericin improves the intestinal health of diabetic rats. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1074892. [PMID: 36960285 PMCID: PMC10027739 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1074892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes (T2D) is a global epidemic disease with an increased incidence and prevalence. Gut microbiota plays an important role in controlling T2D development. Dietary administration of prebiotics, probiotics, and drugs, including metformin, showed the regulatory impact on the change of gut microbiota, which is associated with the improvement of glucose tolerance. In this study, silk sericin was manufactured into hydrolyzed sericin peptide (HSP) powders as a dietary additive to investigate the effect on the gut microbiota of T2D model rats. The results indicated that the HSP-augmented dietary administration lowers the fast glucose level of diabetic rats, and HSP augmentation induces a change in the gut microbiota composition of T2D model rats toward the normal rats. Some key taxa, including Lactobacillus gasseri, were suggested to be involved in controlling T2D development. This finding provides new insight into developing sericin as functional food or therapeutic prebiotics against T2D in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Zhou
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Weng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chonglong Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Xing Zhang
| | - Aihong Ye
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Aihong Ye
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25
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Chen Z, Luo J, Jia M, Chai Y, Bao Y. Polygonatum sibiricum saponin Exerts Beneficial Hypoglycemic Effects in Type 2 Diabetes Mice by Improving Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Glycogen Synthesis-Related Proteins. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245222. [PMID: 36558381 PMCID: PMC9786127 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systemic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. Recently, it has become a significant threat to public health. Polygonatum sibiricum saponin (PSS) has potential hypoglycemic effects, but its specific mechanism needs further study. In this study, PSS significantly decreased the level of blood glucose, water intake, and the organ index in diabetic mice. Meanwhile, PSS effectively reduced the content of total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the blood, and increased the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). This suggests that PSS could reduce the content of blood lipids and initially improve the damage of hepatocytes. We found that PSS alleviated hepatic insulin resistance, repaired islet beta cells, and enabled insulin to play its biological role normally. It also improved oral glucose tolerance and abated serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in T2DM mice. Furthermore, studies have found that PSS increased the content of phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT), thereby promoting the effect of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4), and activating glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3β) and glycogen synthase (GS) proteins to promote hepatic glycogen synthesis. Finally, we found that PSS could promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, reduce the growth of harmful bacteria such as Enterococcus and Enterobacter, and preliminarily improve the composition of important bacteria in the intestine. These studies indicate that PSS has an excellent hypoglycemic effect, which provides a potential new treatment for T2DM and guidance for more in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefu Chen
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiayuan Luo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mingjie Jia
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yangyang Chai
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yihong Bao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (Y.B.)
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26
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Fan J, Lin L, Zhao M. Construction of in vitro fermentation model using gut microbiota relating to glucose and lipid metabolism: a supplementary method for initial screening of polysaccharides with hypoglycemic potentials. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6328-6339. [PMID: 35531881 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides in vitro fecal fermentation model, a few supplementary methods have been constructed for high-throughput screening of polysaccharides with hypoglycemic potentials. The purpose of this study was to establish a co-culture fermentation model constructed by gut microbiota relating to glucose and lipid metabolism as a supplementary method for comparatively evaluating the proliferative effects and hypoglycemic potentials of typical plant polysaccharides, e.g. konjac glucomannan, Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharide, oat glucan and alga-derived fucoidan. RESULTS The results showed that the mixing culture medium of butyrate-producing bacteria, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus at a ratio of 50:40:9:1 was optimal. This testing model in line with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and metabolite analysis multi-dimensionally differentiated four polysaccharides possessing different behaviors on proliferation of total bacteria and specific genus or strain and accumulation of short chain fatty acids. CONCLUSION Our study provided crucial data for establishing an initial screening method for proliferative effect/specific structure-oriented extraction of polysaccharide with hypoglycemic potential. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou, China
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27
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Zhang D, Liu J, Cheng H, Wang H, Tan Y, Feng W, Peng C. Interactions between polysaccharides and gut microbiota: A metabolomic and microbial review. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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28
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Liu Q, An X, Chen Y, Deng Y, Niu H, Ma R, Zhao H, Cao W, Wang X, Wang M. Effects of Auricularia auricula Polysaccharides on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Phenotype in Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172700. [PMID: 36076885 PMCID: PMC9455240 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized diets change the internal metabolism of organisms, which, in turn, affects the health of the body; this study was performed to explore the regulatory effects of polysaccharides extracted from Auricularia auricula on the overall metabolism and gut microbiota in normal C57BL/6J mice. The study was conducted using metabolomic and microbiomic methods to provide a scientific basis for further development and use of Auricularia auricula resources in the Qinba Mountains and in nutritional food with Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAP) as the main functional component. Based on LC-MS/MS metabolomic results, 51 AAP-regulated metabolites were found, mainly enriched in the arginine biosynthesis pathway, which had the highest correlation, followed by the following metabolisms: arginine and proline; glycine, serine and threonine; and glycerophospholipid, along with the sphingolipid metabolism pathway. Furthermore, supplementation of AAP significantly changed the composition of the mice intestinal flora. The relative abundance levels of Lactobacillus johnsonii, Weissella cibaria, Kosakonia cowanii, Enterococcus faecalis, Bifidobacterium animalis and Bacteroides uniformis were markedly up-regulated, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes bacterium M10-2 was down-regulated. The bioactivities of AAP may be related to the regulatory effects of endogenous metabolism and gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
- Shaanxi Functional Food Engineering Center Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-29-88305208
| | - Xin An
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Yuxuan Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Haili Niu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Ruisen Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Haoan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Xiaoru Wang
- Shaanxi Functional Food Engineering Center Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Shaanxi Functional Food Engineering Center Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710069, China
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29
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Xiao M, Jia X, Wang N, Kang J, Hu X, Goff HD, Cui SW, Ding H, Guo Q. Therapeutic potential of non-starch polysaccharides on type 2 diabetes: from hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1177-1210. [PMID: 36036965 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) have been reported to exert therapeutic potential on managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various mechanisms have been proposed; however, several studies have not considered the correlations between the anti-T2DM activity of NSPs and their molecular structure. Moreover, the current understanding of the role of NSPs in T2DM treatment is mainly based on in vitro and in vivo data, and more human clinical trials are required to verify the actual efficacy in treating T2DM. The related anti-T2DM mechanisms of NSPs, including regulating insulin action, promoting glucose metabolism and regulating postprandial blood glucose level, anti-inflammatory and regulating gut microbiota (GM), are reviewed. The structure-function relationships are summarized, and the relationships between NSPs structure and anti-T2DM activity from clinical trials are highlighted. The development of anti-T2DM medication or dietary supplements of NSPs could be promoted with an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects in the treatment/intervention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering & Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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30
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Chen Y, Shang L, Li S, Li B, Li J. Air packaging is obviously beneficial to the heterogeneous hygrothermal degradation of konjac glucomannan. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:13-21. [PMID: 35963342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous hygrothermal degradation (HHTD) is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for the successful preparation of partially depolymerized konjac glucomannan (DKGM). This study investigated the degradation of konjac glucomannan (KGM) in two packaging methods and detected that compared with natural KGM, the Mw of vacuum-packaged DKGM with 20 % moisture content treated at 130 °C for 40 min was reduced by 23.34 %, while that of air-packaged DKGM was decreased by 63.14 %, the vacuum-packaged DKGM with only 0.5 % H2O2 added was dropped by 69.36 %. It was verified that oxygen in air-packaging plays a crucial role in HHTD. Furthermore, the effects of moisture content, treatment temperature and time on the Mw and apparent viscosity of air-packaged DKGM were explored. The properties and structure of DKGM were characterized by rheometer, TGA, XRD, FT-IR and SEM. Results established that treatment temperature had a stronger promoting effect on HHTD. The rheological properties of DKGM samples changed markedly, and the thermal decomposition temperature and crystallinity were increased, with its infrared absorption peaks very close. This research is expected to provide theoretical bases and reference ideas for efficient HHTD method of KGM in actual production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Longchen Shang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, China.
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31
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Li S, Wang Y, Dun W, Han W, Xu C, Sun Q, Wang Z. Effect of ultrasonic degradation on the physicochemical property and bioactivity of polysaccharide produced by Chaetomium globosum CGMCC 6882. Front Nutr 2022; 9:941524. [PMID: 35928848 PMCID: PMC9344072 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.941524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Similar to the enzymatic process, there might also be an active fragment in polysaccharides, how to obtain is important for investigating the bioactivity and pharmacological mechanism of polysaccharides. Presently, a Gynostemma pentaphyllum endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum CGMCC 6882 polysaccharide [Genistein Combined Polysaccharide (GCP)] was degraded by ultrasonic treatment, two polysaccharide fragments of GCP-F1 and GCP-F2 were obtained. Physicochemical results showed that GCP-F1 and GCP-F2 had the same monosaccharide composition of arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, and glucuronic acid as compared to GCP with slightly different molar ratios. However, weight-average molecular weights of GCP-F1 and GCP-F2 decreased from 8.093 × 104 Da (GCP) to 3.158 × 104 Da and 1.027 × 104 Da, respectively. In vitro scavenging assays illustrated that GCP-F1 and GCP-F2 had higher antioxidant activity against 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide anions, and hydroxyl radical than GCP, the order was GCP < GCP-F1 < GCP-F2. Meanwhile, antibacterial tests showed that ultrasonic degradation increased the antibacterial activity of GCP-F1 as compared to GCP, but GCP-F2 almost lost its antibacterial activity with further ultrasound treatment. Changes in the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of GCP-F1 and GCP-F2 might be related to the variation of their molecular weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingna Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Weipeng Dun
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wanqing Han
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Chunping Xu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Sun,
| | - Zichao Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Zichao Wang,
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32
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Zhang W, Li L, Ma Y, Chen X, Lan T, Chen L, Zheng Z. Structural Characterization and Hypoglycemic Activity of a Novel Pumpkin Peel Polysaccharide-Chromium(III) Complex. Foods 2022; 11:1821. [PMID: 35804640 PMCID: PMC9265534 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to synthesize a pumpkin peel polysaccharide (PPP)-Cr(III) complex and investigate its hypoglycemic activity. Firstly, a novel PPP-Cr(III) complex with a Cr content of 23.77 mg/g was synthesized and characterized. Physicochemical characterization indicated that PPP-Cr(III) had some changes in chemical composition, monosaccharide composition, and morphological structure compared with PPP. The molecular weights of PPP-Cr(III) and PPP were 1.398 × 106 g/mol and 3.386 × 106 g/mol, respectively, showing a lower molecular weight after the introduction of Cr(III). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that a new characteristic absorption peak of Cr-O appeared at 534 cm-1 in PPP-Cr(III), indicating that Cr(III) was successfully complexed with PPP. Secondly, the hypoglycemic activity of PPP-Cr(III) based on α-glucosidase inhibitory and insulin resistance (IR)-HepG2 cells was evaluated. Compared with PPP, PPP-Cr(III) exhibited a more significantly α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The IR-HepG2 cells confirmed an obvious increase in glucose consumption. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the treated IR-HepG2 cells were able to increase the protein levels of p-AMPK and p-GSK-3β, indicating that IR-HepG2 cells exerted hypoglycemic activity via the AMPK/GSK-3β signaling pathway. These results suggested that PPP-Cr(III) had good hypoglycemic activity, which could provide theoretical support for the development of novel hypoglycemic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271018, China; (W.Z.); (L.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Lingyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271018, China; (W.Z.); (L.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Yue Ma
- Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China;
| | - Xiaole Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271018, China; (W.Z.); (L.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Tao Lan
- Sub-Institute of Agriculture and Food Standardization, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an 271018, China; (W.Z.); (L.L.); (X.C.)
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Li S, Wang Y, Dun W, Han W, Ning T, Sun Q, Wang Z. Effect of Polysaccharide Extracted From Gynostemma Pentaphyllum on the Body Weight and Gut Microbiota of Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:916425. [PMID: 35719169 PMCID: PMC9199513 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.916425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers have investigated the role of polysaccharides in disease treatment via gut microbiota regulation but ignore their function in disease prevention and physique enhancement. In this work, a Gynostemma pentaphyllum polysaccharide (GPP) was tested by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and proved to be safe to Caco-2 cells. Animal experiments showed that the administration of GPP for 3 weeks decreased the body weight gain of mice from 15.4 ± 1.7 to 12.2 ± 1.8 g in a concentration-dependent manner. Analysis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) indicated that GPP increased the levels of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total SCFAs in the cecum contents of normal mice. Furthermore, GPP improved the species richness and abundance in the gut microbiota but reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio from 0.8021 to 0.3873. This work provides a basis for incorporating GPP into diet to prevent or mitigate the occurrence of obesity via gut microbiota regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingna Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Weipeng Dun
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wanqing Han
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Tao Ning
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zichao Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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Wu F, Yan N, Guo Y, Yu X, Yi L, Ouyang Y, Wang X, Zhang Z. Pattern of Specific Oxidation of Konjac Glucomannan with TEMPO/NaBr/NaClO system. Carbohydr Res 2022; 515:108558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Zou X, Deng J, Wang Z, Zhang M, Sun Y, Li M. Gut microbiota plays a predominant role in affecting hypolipidemic effect of Deacetylated Konjac Glucomannan (Da-KGM). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:858-868. [PMID: 35339502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of Da-KGM showed poorer hypolipidemic effect, has not elucidated in previous study. Here, we performed hyperlipidemic hamsters administrated with 6% KGM (Konjac Glucomannan) and Da-KGM respectively to evaluate different underlying mechanisms. Poorer lipid-lowering effect was shown with Da-KGM treatment, and marked changes in relative abundance of Aldercreutzia and Parasutterella were not detected as KGM. Meanwhile, significant alteration of Ileibacterium was observed between KGM and Da-KGM group. Moreover, pathway of primary bile acids synthesis was enriched in cecal metabolites. KGM, not Da-KGM, remarkably increased concentration of Glycocholic acid (GCA) and Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), which were negatively corrected with Ileibacterium. Marked increases in ileal Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and hepatic Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) were observed in KGM group, along with strong reduction of ileal Multi-drug resistance-associated protein2 (MRP2/ABCC2) and hepatic FXR expression, but not in Da-KGM group. There were no obvious changes in serum lipid level and bile acids, as well as gene expression after antibiotic treatment. Our results revealed that different hypolipidemic effects of KGM and Da-KGM might be associated with gut microbiota and bile acids metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jie Deng
- Shunde Vocational and Technical College, Foshan 528300, PR China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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Cao X, Zhang Y, Peng Y, Wang Y, Li B, Tian J. Impacts of konjac glucomannan with different modification of degradation or deacetylation on the stress resistance and fitness in Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:397-409. [PMID: 35114273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The impact of modification in molecules or deacetylation of konjac glucomannan (KGM) on the stress resistance in vivo has rarely been studied systematically. This research studied the effects of KGM with different molecular weights and degrees of deacetylation on the stress resistance and physical fitness of Caenorhabditis elegans. After the nematodes were incubated with different modified KGM, the survival rate of nematodes under oxidative and heat stress, as well as the fertility and locomotion were measured. KGM(2-5) can significantly prolong the mean and maximum lifespan of nematodes in the presence of paraquat. Under heat stress, all partially degraded konjac glucomannan (PDKGM) showed the significant extension of survival rates. Da(1-3) improved the survival rates of nematodes under oxidative stress. Furthermore, genes expression showed that KGM(2-5) and Da(1-3) upregulated the expression of sod-3, hsp-16.2, and atf-7. Taken together, molecular weight reduction or deacetylation of KGM have a significant impact on the stress resistance in vivo. PDKGM applied in stress resistance will be suggested not to exceed 200 kDa and deacylation of KGM will be suggested to be below 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yundi Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yangming Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Ge Z, Wang W, Gao S, Xu M, Liu M, Wang X, Zhang L, Zong W. Effects of konjac glucomannan on the long-term retrogradation and shelf life of boiled wheat noodles. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:644-652. [PMID: 34151431 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Starch retrogradation and moisture migration of boiled wheat noodles (BWNs) result in quality deterioration and short shelf life. The objective of this research was to investigate whether konjac glucomannan (KGM) could improve the quality of BWNs and further establish the shelf-life prediction model. RESULTS The moisture distribution, recrystallization, and thermal properties of BWNs during refrigerated or ambient temperature storage were determined. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance data showed that KGM addition induced left-shifts of T21 and T22 values, indicating that KGM limited the mobility of bound and immobile water among noodle matrices. X-ray diffraction spectra revealed that KGM did not change the crystal patterns of BWNs but could inhibit the starch recrystallization after refrigerated storage. The Tp and ΔH values of retrograded samples notably (P < 0.05) decreased with the increase of KGM addition, suggesting the hinderance of starch retrogradation behavior by KGM. The shelf life of BWNs was predicted by accelerated storage test combined with the Arrhenius equation. The present data displayed that the predicted shelf life of vacuum-packed and sterilized BWNs with 10 g kg-1 KGM at 25 °C was 733 days, 2.4-fold that of the control group. CONCLUSION BWNs with KGM addition could inhibit starch retrogradation and improve the storage stability, consequently promoting noodle quality. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Ge
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengpei Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Zong
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
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Ariftiyana S, Nurfikasari L, Murniyati D, Prastowo A, Kurniasari Y, Hadi H, Aprilia V. Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) Flour Macerated with Strobilanthes crispus Reduced the Blood Glucose Levels of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases indicated by hyperglycemia. Dietary regulation represents a viable means of controlling blood glucose levels. Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) is a local tuber that has a low glycemic index due to its high glucomannan content. In combination with Strobilanthes crispus (SC), which is rich in antioxidants, porang flour could be a promising treatment approach for DM.
AIM: This study aimed to determine the effect of porang flour macerated with SC on the blood glucose levels of diabetic rats.
METHODS: Thirty-five Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) rats were divided into five groups on the basis of their diets: Normal/negative control (NC) group (non-diabetic, standard AIN-93 diet), positive control (PC) group (streptozotocin [STZ]-induced diabetic), glibenclamide (GB) group (STZ-induced diabetic, medicated with GB 100 mg/200 g body weight [BW]), porang (NP) group (modified AIN-93 diet, fiber substituted with 11% porang flour [equal to 1.1 g/200 g BW]), and SC-macerated porang (SP) group (modified AIN-93 diet, fiber substituted with 11% porang flour macerated with SC [equal to 1.1 g/200 g BW]). The rats’ food intakes, stools, and BWs were recorded throughout the study, while their blood glucose levels were measured before the induction of DM, 3 days after the induction of DM, and at the end of the study (14-day treatment period). The data were statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance combined with Duncan’s multiple range test.
RESULTS: The rats’ feed intakes during the 14-day treatment period were almost the same, which influenced their BWs. After the induction of DM, the rats’ BWs appeared to decrease, albeit not to a statistically significant extent. This weight loss may have been better controlled in the treatment groups because the glucomannan content of the porang led to an improvement in the rats’ glucose metabolism, especially in the NP and SP groups. The rats’ stools appeared normal in consistency and moisture, and it was confirmed that there were no diarrhea incidents. The glucomannan content also decreased the blood glucose levels in the NP and SP groups. The SP group showed the best results in terms of decreased glucose levels due to the addition of SC as a source of antioxidants.
CONCLUSION: Porang exerted an antidiabetic effect that was comparable with the effect of GB (a commercial drug). In combination with SC, it provided a high level of antioxidants. Porang should be further studied to optimize its antidiabetic potency and potential for use as a functional food or nutraceutical.
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Zhu Z, Chen J, Chen Y, Ma Y, Yang Q, Fan Y, Fu C, Limsila B, Li R, Liao W. Extraction, structural characterization and antioxidant activity of turmeric polysaccharides. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zou Y, Lu F, Yang B, Ma J, Yang J, Li C, Wang X, Wang D, Xu W. Effect of ultrasound assisted konjac glucomannan treatment on properties of chicken plasma protein gelation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 80:105821. [PMID: 34741835 PMCID: PMC8581579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ultrasound assisted konjac glucomannan treatment on the properties of chicken plasma protein gelation was investigated in this study. There were four gelation groups as follows: untreated plasma protein gelation (Control), gelation added konjac glucomannan (KGG), gelation by ultrasound treatment alone (UG) and gelation added konjac glucomannan combined with ultrasound treatment (KGUG). The data showed that the gelation strength and water-holding capacity of the treated groups were significantly increased compared with those of Control. The strongest bonding water was present in KGUG, followed by KGG and UG in low-field nuclear magnetic resonance. The storage energy (G') and loss energy modulus (G″) of KGUG showed the largest rheological properties, and the G' value was higher than that of G″. Furthermore, the elastic and gelatinous properties of UG, KGG and KGUG played a dominant role in viscoelasticity. After konjac glucomannan addition, the particle size of KGG increased significantly. Compared with that of the Control and KGG, the average particle size of UG and KGUG decreased significantly after ultrasound treatment. The hydrophobicity and disulfide bonds mainly affected the formation of heat-induced gelation in these four groups. Furthermore, KGUG with the highest hydrophobicity and disulfide bonds revealed the best stability. Therefore, the gelation of chicken plasma protein by ultrasound assisted konjac glucomannan treatment had excellent gelling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangyun Lu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Biao Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Nanjing Yurun Food Co., Ltd, No. 19, Zifeng Road, Economic Development Zone, Pukou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Daoying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weimin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Konjac glucomannan molecular and rheological properties that delay gastric emptying and improve the regulation of appetite. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Valle M, Mitchell PL, Pilon G, Varin T, Hénault L, Rolin J, McLeod R, Gill T, Richard D, Vohl MC, Jacques H, Gagnon C, Bazinet L, Marette A. Salmon peptides limit obesity-associated metabolic disorders by modulating a gut-liver axis in vitamin D-deficient mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1635-1649. [PMID: 34449134 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of a low-dose salmon peptide fraction (SPF) and vitamin D3 (VitD3 ) in obese and VitD3 -deficient mice at risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Obese and VitD3 -deficient low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr)-/- /apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB)100/100 mice were treated with high-fat high-sucrose diets, with 25% of dietary proteins replaced by SPF or a nonfish protein mix (MP). The SPF and MP groups received a VitD3 -deficient diet or a supplementation of 15,000 IU of VitD3 per kilogram of diet. Glucose homeostasis, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gut health were assessed. RESULTS VitD3 supplementation increased plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D to optimal status whereas the VitD3 -deficient diet maintained moderate deficiency. SPF-treated groups spent more energy and accumulated less visceral fat in association with an improved adipokine profile. SPF lowered homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance compared with MP, suggesting that SPF can improve insulin sensitivity. SPF alone blunted hepatic and colonic inflammation, whereas VitD3 supplementation attenuated ileal inflammation. These effects were associated with changes in gut microbiota such as increased Mogibacterium and Muribaculaceae. CONCLUSIONS SPF treatment improves MetS by modulating hepatic and gut inflammation along with gut microbiota, suggesting that SPF operates through a gut-liver axis. VitD3 supplementation has limited influence on MetS in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Valle
- Faculty of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Patricia L Mitchell
- Faculty of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Faculty of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Thibault Varin
- Faculty of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Loïc Hénault
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Rolin
- Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Roger McLeod
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Tom Gill
- Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Denis Richard
- Faculty of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Hélène Jacques
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudia Gagnon
- Faculty of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Processing and ElectroMembrane Processes, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Faculty of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Polysaccharide Structures and Their Hypocholesterolemic Potential. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154559. [PMID: 34361718 PMCID: PMC8348680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several classes of polysaccharides have been described to have hypocholesterolemic potential, namely cholesterol bioaccessibility and bioavailability. This review will highlight the main mechanisms by which polysaccharides are known to affect cholesterol homeostasis at the intestine, namely the effect (i) of polysaccharide viscosity and its influence on cholesterol bioaccessibility; (ii) on bile salt sequestration and its dependence on the structural diversity of polysaccharides; (iii) of bio-transformations of polysaccharides and bile salts by the gut microbiota. Different quantitative structure–hypocholesterolemic activity relationships have been explored depending on the mechanism involved, and these were based on polysaccharide physicochemical properties, such as sugar composition and ramification degree, linkage type, size/molecular weight, and charge. The information gathered will support the rationalization of polysaccharides’ effect on cholesterol homeostasis and highlight predictive rules towards the development of customized hypocholesterolemic functional food.
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Long X, Liao S, Li E, Pang D, Li Q, Liu S, Hu T, Zou Y. The hypoglycemic effect of freeze-dried fermented mulberry mixed with soybean on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3641-3654. [PMID: 34262724 PMCID: PMC8269569 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mulberry has significant hypoglycemic effect and can be used as an auxiliary food for people with type 2 diabetes. However, it is rich in carbohydrate and cannot be consumed directly by diabetic patients. In the study, we fermented the mulberry to reduce the content of glucose and fructose, and added the soybean to reduce the loss of probiotics during fermentation and then determined its hypoglycemic effect. We induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice by streptozotocin and measured its blood glucose, serum biochemistry, hepatic and pancreatic histopathology, and the diversity of the gut microbiota. After 5 weeks of oral DFMS administration, the glucose tolerance was improved significantly in T2DM mice. Furthermore, there were also significant increases in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione concentration, and marked reductions in the concentrations of malondialdehyde and free fatty acids. Moreover, DFMS also prevented histopathological changes and the increases in the activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. DFMS treatment also markedly increased the richness of the gut microbial community. The abundance of Bacteroidetes was increased, and those of Proteobacteria, Escherichia-Shigella, and Lactobacillus were reduced. In summary, DFMS has a clear hypoglycemic effect in mice with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Shan Long
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional FoodsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products ProcessingSericultural & Agri‐Food Research InstituteGuangzhouChina
- College of Food Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutionGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and SafetyGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Sen‐Tai Liao
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional FoodsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products ProcessingSericultural & Agri‐Food Research InstituteGuangzhouChina
| | - Er‐Na Li
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional FoodsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products ProcessingSericultural & Agri‐Food Research InstituteGuangzhouChina
| | - Dao‐Rui Pang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional FoodsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products ProcessingSericultural & Agri‐Food Research InstituteGuangzhouChina
| | - Qian Li
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional FoodsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products ProcessingSericultural & Agri‐Food Research InstituteGuangzhouChina
| | - Shu‐Cheng Liu
- College of Food Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutionGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and SafetyGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Teng‐Gen Hu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional FoodsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products ProcessingSericultural & Agri‐Food Research InstituteGuangzhouChina
- South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product SafetySchool of Food Science and EngineeringGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu‐Xiao Zou
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional FoodsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products ProcessingSericultural & Agri‐Food Research InstituteGuangzhouChina
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