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Khalilollah S, Kalantari Soltanieh S, Obaid Saleh R, Ali Alzahrani A, Ghaleb Maabreh H, Mazin Al-Hamdani M, Dehghani-Ghorbi M, Shafiei Khonachaei M, Akhavan-Sigari R. LncRNAs involvement in pathogenesis of immune-related disease via regulation of T regulatory cells, an updated review. Cytokine 2024; 179:156585. [PMID: 38579428 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of several illnesses, including cancer and autoimmune diseasesdepends on human regulatory T cells (Tregs), and abnormalities in these cells may function as triggers for these conditions. Cancer and autoimmune, and gynecological diseases are associated with the differentiation of the proinflammatory T cell subset TH17 and its balance with the production of Treg. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become important regulatory molecules in a wide range of illnesses. During epigenetic regulation, they can control the expression of important genes at several levels by affecting transcription, post-transcriptional actions, translation, and protein modification. They might connect with different molecules, such as proteins, DNA and RNA, and their structural composition is intricate. Because lncRNAs regulatebiological processes, including cell division, death, and growth, they are linked to severaldiseases. A notable instance of this is the lncRNA NEAT1, which has been the subject of several investigations to ascertain its function in immune cell development. In the context of immune cell development, several additional lncRNAs have been connected to Treg cell differentiation. In this work, we summarize current findings about the diverse functions of lncRNAs in Treg cell differentiation and control of the Th17/Treg homeostasis in autoimmune disorders, cancers, as well as several gynecological diseases where Tregs are key players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Khalilollah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, Al-Anbar, Iraq.
| | | | - Hatem Ghaleb Maabreh
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Foreign Languages, RUDN University (Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba), Moscow, Russia.
| | | | - Mahmoud Dehghani-Ghorbi
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Imam Hossein Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Poland.
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2
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Murphy B, Miyamoto T, Manning BS, Mirji G, Ugolini A, Kannan T, Hamada K, Zhu YP, Claiborne DT, Huang L, Zhang R, Nefedova Y, Kossenkov A, Veglia F, Shinde R, Zhang N. Intraperitoneal activation of myeloid cells clears ascites and reveals IL27-dependent regression of metastatic ovarian cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.25.600597. [PMID: 38979222 PMCID: PMC11230450 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.25.600597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Patients with metastatic ovarian cancer (OvCa) have a 5-year survival rate of less than 30% due to persisting dissemination of chemoresistant cells in the peritoneal fluid and the immunosuppressive microenvironment in the peritoneal cavity. Here, we report that intraperitoneal administration of β-glucan and IFNγ (BI) induced robust tumor regression in clinically relevant models of metastatic OvCa. BI induced tumor regression by controlling fluid tumor burden and activating localized antitumor immunity. β-glucan alone cleared ascites and eliminated fluid tumor cells by inducing intraperitoneal clotting in the fluid and Dectin-1-Syk-dependent NETosis in the omentum. In omentum tumors, BI expanded a novel subset of immunostimulatory IL27+ macrophages and neutralizing IL27 impaired BI efficacy in vivo. Moreover, BI directly induced IL27 secretion in macrophages where single agent treatment did not. Finally, BI extended mouse survival in a chemoresistant model and significantly improved chemotherapy response in a chemo-sensitive model. In summary, we propose a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of metastatic OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brennah Murphy
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Taito Miyamoto
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bryan S. Manning
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gauri Mirji
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alessio Ugolini
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Toshitha Kannan
- Gene Expression & Regulation Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kohei Hamada
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | - Daniel T. Claiborne
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Rugang Zhang
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yulia Nefedova
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Kossenkov
- Gene Expression & Regulation Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Filippo Veglia
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rahul Shinde
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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3
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Li Y, Huang M, Wang M, Wang Y, Deng P, Li C, Huang J, Chen H, Wei Z, Ouyang Q, Zhao J, Lu Y, Su S. Tumor cells impair immunological synapse formation via central nervous system-enriched metabolite. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:985-1002.e18. [PMID: 38821061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Tumors employ various strategies to evade immune surveillance. Central nervous system (CNS) has multiple features to restrain immune response. Whether tumors and CNS share similar programs of immunosuppression is elusive. Here, we analyze multi-omics data of tumors from HER2+ breast cancer patients receiving trastuzumab and anti-PD-L1 antibody and find that CNS-enriched N-acetyltransferase 8-like (NAT8L) and its metabolite N-acetylaspartate (NAA) are overexpressed in resistant tumors. In CNS, NAA is released during brain inflammation. NAT8L attenuates brain inflammation and impairs anti-tumor immunity by inhibiting cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells via NAA. NAA disrupts the formation of immunological synapse by promoting PCAF-induced acetylation of lamin A-K542, which inhibits the integration between lamin A and SUN2 and impairs polarization of lytic granules. We uncover that tumor cells mimic the anti-inflammatory mechanism of CNS to evade anti-tumor immunity and NAT8L is a potential target to enhance efficacy of anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Min Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Minger Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Peng Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chunni Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jingying Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhihao Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qian Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yiwen Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Shicheng Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Biotherapy Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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4
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Prakash S, Kumbhojkar N, Gottlieb AP, Park KS, Kapate N, Mitragotri S. Polymer Micropatches as B-Cell Engagers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28184-28192. [PMID: 38770711 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
B cells, despite their several unique functionalities, remain largely untapped for use as an adoptive cell therapy and are limited to in vitro use for antibody production. B cells can be easily sourced, they possess excellent lymphoid-homing capabilities, and they can act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs), offering an alternative to dendritic cells (DCs), which have shown limited efficacy in the clinical setting. Soluble factors such as IL-4 and anti-CD40 antibody can enhance the activation, survival, and antigen-presenting capabilities of B cells; however, it is difficult to attain sufficiently high concentrations of these biologics to stimulate B cells in vivo. Micropatches as Cell Engagers (MACE) are polymeric microparticles, surface functionalized with anti-CD40 and anti-IgM, which can attach to B cells and simultaneously engage multiple B-cell receptors (BCR) and CD40 receptors. Stimulation of these receptors through MACE, unlike free antibodies, enhanced the display of costimulatory molecules on the B-cell surface, increased B-cell viability, and improved antigen presentation by B cells to T cells in vitro. B-cell activation by MACE further synergized with soluble IL-4 and anti-CD40. MACE also elicited T-cell chemokine secretion by B cells. Upon intravenous adoptive transfer, MACE-bound B cells homed to the spleen and lymph nodes, key sites for antigen presentation to T cells. Adoptive transfer of MACE-B cells pulsed with the CD4+ and CD8+ epitopes of ovalbumin significantly delayed tumor progression in a murine subcutaneous EG7-OVA tumor model, demonstrating the functional benefit conferred to B cells by MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Prakash
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ninad Kumbhojkar
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alexander P Gottlieb
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kyung-Soo Park
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Neha Kapate
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard-MIT Program in Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, Massachusetts 02134, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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5
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Zheng M, Zhao F. The IL-12 family of heterodimeric cytokines in polycystic ovarian syndrome: biological role in induction, regulation, and treatment. Immunol Res 2024:10.1007/s12026-024-09487-4. [PMID: 38771486 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a diverse endocrine disorder widely recognized as the prevailing metabolic condition among women in their reproductive years. The precise pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PCOS remain incompletely understood. However, existing evidence suggests that the development of PCOS may be linked to factors such as abdominal obesity, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance (IR). Excessive central adiposity in women with PCOS may lead to the development of a chronic, low-grade inflammation characterized by the activation of proinflammatory cytokines. The cytokines that belong to the IL-12 family are a collection of distinct heterodimeric cytokines that include IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-35. Recent research has provided further evidence regarding the significance of IL-12 cytokines in influencing both innate and adaptive immune responses in different diseases. Additionally, these studies have discovered diverse roles for certain members of the IL-12 family, encompassing multiple immunological functions that can either act as effectors or regulators. In this discourse, we examine the distinctive and atypical structural and functional attributes of this particular cytokine family. This study aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiological significance of the IL-12 family cytokines in PCOS patients. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of the cytokines as novel approaches for PCOS treatment will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Zheng
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China.
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6
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Zhang YS, Chen YQ. Dysfunctional regulatory T cell: May be an obstacle to immunotherapy in cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116359. [PMID: 38430633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory responses are linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in various forms. Tregs, members of CD4+ T cells, play important roles in regulating immune system and suppressing inflammatory response, thus contributing to maintaining immune homeostasis. However, Tregs exert their powerful suppressive function relying on the stable phenotype and function. The stability of Tregs primarily depends on the FOXP3 (Forkhead box P3) expression and epigenetic regulation. Although Tregs are quite stable under physiological conditions, prolonged exposure to inflammatory cues, Tregs may lose suppressive function and require proinflammatory phenotype, namely plastic Tregs or ex-Tregs. There are extensive researches have established the beneficial role of Tregs in CVDs. Nevertheless, the potential risks of dysfunctional Tregs lack deep research. Anti-inflammatory and immunological modulation have been hotspots in the treatment of CVDs. Tregs are appealing because of their crucial role in resolving inflammation and promoting tissue repair. If alleviating inflammatory response through modulating Tregs could be a new therapeutic strategy for CVDs, the next step to consider is how to prevent the formation of dysfunctional Tregs or reverse detrimental Tregs to normal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sha Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.
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7
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Xu WD, Wang DC, Zhao M, Huang AF. An updated advancement of bifunctional IL-27 in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1366377. [PMID: 38566992 PMCID: PMC10985211 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1366377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a member of the IL-12 family. The gene encoding IL-27 is located at chromosome 16p11. IL-27 is considered as a heterodimeric cytokine, which consists of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced gene 3 (Ebi3) and IL-27p28. Based on the function of IL-27, it binds to receptor IL-27rα or gp130 and then regulates downstream cascade. To date, findings show that the expression of IL-27 is abnormal in different inflammatory autoimmune diseases (including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren syndrome, Behcet's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada, and ankylosing spondylitis). Moreover, in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that IL-27 is significantly in3volved in the development of these diseases by regulating innate and adaptive immune responses, playing either an anti-inflammatory or a pro-inflammatory role. In this review, we comprehensively summarized information about IL-27 and autoimmunity based on available evidence. It is hoped that targeting IL-27 will hold great promise in the treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Da-Cheng Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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8
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Aldridge DL, Moodley D, Park J, Phan AT, Rausch M, White KF, Ren Y, Golin K, Radaelli E, Kedl R, Holland PM, Hill J, Hunter CA. Endogenous IL-27 during toxoplasmosis limits early monocyte responses and their inflammatory activation by pathological T cells. mBio 2024; 15:e0008324. [PMID: 38376210 PMCID: PMC10936422 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00083-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mice that lack the genes for IL-27, or the IL-27 receptor, and infected with Toxoplasma gondii develop T cell-mediated pathology. Here, studies were performed to determine the impact of endogenous IL-27 on the immune response to T. gondii in wild-type (WT) mice. Analysis of infected mice revealed the early production of IL-27p28 by a subset of Ly6Chi, inflammatory monocytes, and sustained IL-27p28 production at sites of acute and chronic infection. Administration of anti-IL-27p28 prior to infection resulted in an early (day 5) increase in levels of macrophage and granulocyte activation, as well as enhanced effector T cell responses, as measured by both cellularity, cytokine production, and transcriptional profiling. This enhanced acute response led to immune pathology, while blockade during the chronic phase of infection resulted in enhanced T cell responses but no systemic pathology. In the absence of IL-27, the enhanced monocyte responses observed at day 10 were a secondary consequence of activated CD4+ T cells. Thus, in WT mice, IL-27 has distinct suppressive effects that impact innate and adaptive immunity during different phases of this infection. IMPORTANCE The molecule IL-27 is critical in limiting the immune response to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. In the absence of IL-27, a lethal, overactive immune response develops during infection. However, when exactly in the course of infection this molecule is needed was unclear. By selectively inhibiting IL-27 during this parasitic infection, we discovered that IL-27 was only needed during, but not prior to, infection. Additionally, IL-27 is only needed in the active areas in which the parasite is replicating. Finally, our work found that a previously unstudied cell type, monocytes, was regulated by IL-27, which contributes further to our understanding of the regulatory networks established by this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Aldridge
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jeongho Park
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Kangwon National University College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Multidimensional Genomics Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Anthony T. Phan
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Yue Ren
- Surface Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karin Golin
- Surface Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- Comparative Pathology Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ross Kedl
- Surface Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Colorado, Anschuitz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | | | - Christopher A. Hunter
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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9
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Torres SV, Man K, Elmzzahi T, Malko D, Chisanga D, Liao Y, Prout M, Abbott CA, Tang A, Wu J, Becker M, Mason T, Haynes V, Tsui C, Shakiba MH, Hamada D, Britt K, Groom JR, McColl SR, Shi W, Watt MJ, Le Gros G, Pal B, Beyer M, Vasanthakumar A, Kallies A. Two regulatory T cell populations in the visceral adipose tissue shape systemic metabolism. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:496-511. [PMID: 38356058 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is an energy store and endocrine organ critical for metabolic homeostasis. Regulatory T (Treg) cells restrain inflammation to preserve VAT homeostasis and glucose tolerance. Here, we show that the VAT harbors two distinct Treg cell populations: prototypical serum stimulation 2-positive (ST2+) Treg cells that are enriched in males and a previously uncharacterized population of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3-positive (CXCR3+) Treg cells that are enriched in females. We show that the transcription factors GATA-binding protein 3 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, together with the cytokine interleukin-33, promote the differentiation of ST2+ VAT Treg cells but repress CXCR3+ Treg cells. Conversely, the differentiation of CXCR3+ Treg cells is mediated by the cytokine interferon-γ and the transcription factor T-bet, which also antagonize ST2+ Treg cells. Finally, we demonstrate that ST2+ Treg cells preserve glucose homeostasis, whereas CXCR3+ Treg cells restrain inflammation in lean VAT and prevent glucose intolerance under high-fat diet conditions. Overall, this study defines two molecularly and developmentally distinct VAT Treg cell types with unique context- and sex-specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Valle Torres
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin Man
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tarek Elmzzahi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Darya Malko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - David Chisanga
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yang Liao
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Prout
- The Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Caitlin A Abbott
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Adelynn Tang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Wu
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Becker
- Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Modular HPC and AI, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Teisha Mason
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vanessa Haynes
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carlson Tsui
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Doaa Hamada
- Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Kara Britt
- Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanna R Groom
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wei Shi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham Le Gros
- The Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bhupinder Pal
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc Beyer
- Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics (PRECISE), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Axel Kallies
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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10
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Yang Y, Cadwell K. Beyond antiviral: Interferon induced by bacteria maintains tolerance in the gut. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232011. [PMID: 38091026 PMCID: PMC10720530 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons are best known for their antiviral role. Here, Ayala et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20230063) reveal that commensal bacteria elicit tonic type I interferons to prime dendritic cells and induce regulatory T cells that maintain a tolerogenic intestinal milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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11
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Khorshidvand Z, Shirian S, Amiri H, Zamani A, Maghsood AH. Immunomodulatory chitosan nanoparticles for Toxoplasma gondii infection: Novel application of chitosan in complex propranolol-hydrochloride as an adjuvant in vaccine delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127228. [PMID: 37839605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of propranolol hydrochloride (PRO) in combination with chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) as an adjuvant to develop an effective vaccine against T. gondii. A total of 105 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into seven equal groups including PBS alone, CS NPs, SAG1 (Surface antigen 1), CS-SAG1 NPs, CS-PRO NPs, SAG1-PRO, and CS-SAG1-PRO NPs. The immunostimulatory effect of each adjuvant used for vaccine delivery was evaluated in a mice immunization model. The results showed that the mice immunized with CS-SAG1-PRO NPs exhibited the highest lymphocyte proliferation rate, along with increased secretion of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-23, as well as elevated levels of protective cytokines such as TGF-β, IL-27, and IL-10. Although, the CS-SAG1-PRO NPs immunized mice showed the highest level of T. gondii specific IgG compared to the other groups, a significant production of IgG2a and IgG1 was observed in the sera of mice immunized with the CS-SAG1-PRO NPs compared to the other group (p <0.001). The higher IgG2a/IgG1 ratio observed in the CS-SAG1-PRO NPs group indicates a bias towards Th1 cell polarization, suggesting the promotion of Th1 cell-mediated immune responses. Considering the combination of the highest lymphocyte proliferation and survival rates, IgG2a/IgG1 ratio, and cytokine levels in the mice immunized with CS-SAG1-PRO NPs, this approach holds promise for immunostimulation and vaccine delivery against T. gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Khorshidvand
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran; Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Dr Daneshbod Lab, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Amiri
- Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Dr Daneshbod Lab, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Zamani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Maghsood
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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12
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Geng M, Li K, Ai K, Liang W, Yang J, Wei X. Evolutionarily conserved IL-27β enhances Th1 cells potential by triggering the JAK1/STAT1/T-bet axis in Nile tilapia. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 4:100087. [PMID: 36873098 PMCID: PMC9978509 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As a pleiotropic cytokine in the interleukin (IL)-12 family, IL-27β plays a significant role in regulating immune cell responses, eliminating invading pathogens, and maintaining immune homeostasis. Although non-mammalian IL-27β homologs have been identified, the mechanism of whether and how it is involved in adaptive immunity in early vertebrates remains unclear. In this study, we identified an evolutionarily conserved IL-27β (defined as OnIL-27β) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and explored its conserved status through gene collinearity, gene structure, functional domain, tertiary structure, multiple sequence alignment, and phylogeny analysis. IL-27β was widely expressed in the immune-related tissues/organ of tilapia. The expression of OnIL-27β in spleen lymphocytes increased significantly at the adaptive immune phase after Edwardsiella piscicida infection. OnIL-27β can bind to precursor cells, T cells, and other lymphocytes to varying degrees. Additionally, IL-27β may be involved in lymphocyte-mediated immune responses through activation of Erk and JNK pathways. More importantly, we found that IL-27β enhanced the mRNA expression of the Th1 cell-associated cytokine IFN-γ and the transcription factor T-bet. This potential enhancement of the Th1 response may be attributed to the activation of the JAK1/STAT1/T-bet axis by IL-27β, as it induced increased transcript levels of JAK1, STAT1 but not TYK2 and STAT4. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the origin, evolution and function of the adaptive immune system in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kete Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jialong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiumei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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13
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Pu X, Pan Y, Xiang Q, Lu M, Xu L, Yan R, Li X, Song X. Inhibitory effect of Eimeria maxima IFN-γ inhibitory molecules on the immune function of T cell subsets in chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103098. [PMID: 37797491 PMCID: PMC10622878 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that infection of chicken coccidian could inhibit the production of Th1 cytokine IFN-γ, thereby evading clearance by the host immune system. The present study aimed to have a further investigation into the effects of Eimeria maxima IFN-γ inhibitory molecules (EmHPSP-2 and EmHPSP-3) on the immune function of chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and various T cell subsets. First, separated PBMC or sorted T cell subsets were used for incubation with recombinant proteins of EmHPSP-2 (rEmHPSP-2) and EmHPSP-3 (rEmHPSP-3). Subsequently, the effects of rEmHPSP-2 and rEmHPSP-3 on proliferative capacity, nitric oxide (NO) release and mRNA levels of cytokines of the above cells were detected. The sorting purity of CD8+, CD4+ CD25-, CD4+, and CD4+ CD25+ T cells was 93.01, 88.88, 87.04, and 81.26%, respectively. The NO release of PBMC was significantly inhibited by rEmHPSP-2 and rEmHPSP-3. The proliferation of PBMC and CD4+ T cells was significantly inhibited by rEmHPSP-2 and rEmHPSP-3, whereas CD8+, CD4+ CD25-, and CD4+ CD25+ T cells was significantly promoted by the 2 proteins. The 2 proteins significantly downregulated interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA level, upregulated the transcriptional levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) in PBMC. IFN-γ and IL-2 transcriptional levels were markedly inhibited in CD8+ T cells. IFN-γ transcriptional level was significantly inhibited, but IL-4 was promoted by rEmHPSP-2 and rEmHPSP-3 in CD4+ CD25- T cells. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effects of rEmHPSP-2 and rEmHPSP-3 on the transcriptional levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 were more obvious in CD4+ T cells containing CD25+ cells compared with the CD25+ cells depletion group. It was found that IL-10, TGF-β1, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) mRNA levels were significantly upregulated upon stimulation of chicken CD4+ CD25+ T cells by proteins. This study is not only of great significance to clarify the immune evasion mechanism of chicken coccidia, but also provides candidate antigen molecules for development of a novel vaccine against chicken coccidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Pu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yangdong Pan
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Quanjia Xiang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Mingmin Lu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lixin Xu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ruofeng Yan
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaokai Song
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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14
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Lin CH, Wu CJ, Cho S, Patkar R, Huth WJ, Lin LL, Chen MC, Israelsson E, Betts J, Niedzielska M, Patel SA, Duong HG, Gerner RR, Hsu CY, Catley M, Maciewicz RA, Chu H, Raffatellu M, Chang JT, Lu LF. Selective IL-27 production by intestinal regulatory T cells permits gut-specific regulation of T H17 cell immunity. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:2108-2120. [PMID: 37932457 PMCID: PMC11058069 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are instrumental in establishing immunological tolerance. However, the precise effector mechanisms by which Treg cells control a specific type of immune response in a given tissue remains unresolved. By simultaneously studying Treg cells from different tissue origins under systemic autoimmunity, in the present study we show that interleukin (IL)-27 is specifically produced by intestinal Treg cells to regulate helper T17 cell (TH17 cell) immunity. Selectively increased intestinal TH17 cell responses in mice with Treg cell-specific IL-27 ablation led to exacerbated intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated cancer, but also helped protect against enteric bacterial infection. Furthermore, single-cell transcriptomic analysis has identified a CD83+CD62Llo Treg cell subset that is distinct from previously characterized intestinal Treg cell populations as the main IL-27 producers. Collectively, our study uncovers a new Treg cell suppression mechanism crucial for controlling a specific type of immune response in a particular tissue and provides further mechanistic insights into tissue-specific Treg cell-mediated immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Lin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cheng-Jang Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sunglim Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rasika Patkar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William J Huth
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ling-Li Lin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mei-Chi Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Israelsson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joanne Betts
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Niedzielska
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shefali A Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Han G Duong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Romana R Gerner
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Yun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Catley
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rose A Maciewicz
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hiutung Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines, Chiba University, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Manuela Raffatellu
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines, Chiba University, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John T Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Li-Fan Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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15
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Zhang Z, Guo J, Jia R. Treg plasticity and human diseases. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:2181-2197. [PMID: 37878023 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a subset of CD4+ T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs) with the characteristic expression of transcription factor FOXP3 play a key role in maintaining self-tolerance and regulating immune responses. However, in some inflammatory circumstances, Tregs can express cytokines of other T help (Th) cells by internal reprogramming, which is called Treg plasticity. These reprogrammed Tregs with impaired suppressive ability contribute to the progression of diseases by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such changes in phenotype rarely occur in Tregs, on the contrary, Tregs usually display a stronger suppressive function and inhibit anti-tumor immunity. It is important to understand the mechanisms of Treg plasticity in inflammatory diseases and cancers. OBJECTIVES In this review, we summarize the characteristics of different Th-like Tregs and discuss the potential mechanisms of these changes in phenotype. Furthermore, we summarize the Treg plasticity in human diseases and discuss the effects of these changes in phenotype on disease progression, as well as the potential application of drugs or reagents that regulate Treg plasticity in human diseases. CONCLUSIONS Treg plasticity is associated with inflammatory diseases and cancers. Regulating Treg plasticity is a promising direction for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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16
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Li S, Su L, Luan Q, Liu G, Zeng W, Yu X. Regulatory B cells induced by interleukin-35 inhibit inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in ligature-induced periodontitis. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1376-1388. [PMID: 37086023 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been reported to suppress immune responses and alveolar bone loss in murine periodontitis models. These cells could be induced by interleukin (IL)-35 which is increased upon periodontal inflammation. Thus, this study aimed to explore the role of Bregs induced by IL-35 in periodontitis. METHODS Experimental periodontitis was induced in mice by ligature. Two weeks after ligation, the test group was systemically treated with IL-35 for 1 week. Four weeks after ligation, all mice were euthanized, and alveolar bone loss was evaluated by microcomputed tomography. Cytokines associated with periodontitis were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bregs in spleens, cervical lymph nodes, and periodontal tissues were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS In the mouse model of periodontitis, IL-35 induced the expansion of CD1dhi CD5+ B10 cells with increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-35 production. IL-35 administration also attenuated alveolar bone loss and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in situ. CONCLUSIONS Following ligature-induced periodontitis in mice, IL-35 inhibited periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption at least partially through the induction of B10 cells and IL-35+ Bregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Li
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Su
- Center of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Guojing Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenmin Zeng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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17
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Diegelmann J, Brand S. Identification of IL-27 as a novel regulator of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II expression, antigen presentation, and processing in intestinal epithelial cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1226809. [PMID: 37818353 PMCID: PMC10561092 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1226809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II receptors plays a fundamental role in T cell-mediated adaptive immunity. A dysregulation of this fine-tuned recognition might result in the development of autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases that are characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation of the intestinal tract and a damaged intestinal epithelial barrier. While MHCII receptors are usually expressed by professional antigen presenting cells (APC) only, there is increasing evidence that non-immune cells such as intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) might express MHCII upon stimulation with IFN-γ and thus act as non-professional APC. However, little is known about other factors regulating intestinal epithelial MHC expression. Here, we identify IL-27 as an inducer of different MHCI and MHCII receptor subtypes and the invariant chain (CD74/li) in IEC via the STAT1/IRF1/CIITA axis. CIITA, MHCII, and CD74 expression was significantly increased in IEC from Crohn's disease (CD) patients with active disease compared to controls or CD patients in remission. IEC phagocytosed and digested external antigens and apoptotic cells. IL-27 strongly stimulated antigen processing via the immunoproteasome in a IRF1-dependent manner. In co-culture experiments, antigen-primed IEC strongly enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 secretion, dependent on direct cell-cell contact. IL-27 pretreatment of IEC significantly increased CD4+ T cell proliferation and reduced IL-2 levels in lymphocytes in coculture. In summary, we identified IL-27 as a novel regulator of IEC antigen processing and presentation via MHCI and MHCII receptors, underscoring the importance of IEC as non-professional APC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Diegelmann
- Department of Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Brand
- Department of Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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18
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Gutierrez-Hoffmann M, Fan J, O’Meally RN, Cole RN, Florea L, Antonescu C, Talbot CC, Tiniakou E, Darrah E, Soloski MJ. The Interaction of Borrelia burgdorferi with Human Dendritic Cells: Functional Implications. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:612-625. [PMID: 37405694 PMCID: PMC10527078 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses by serving as sensors of infection and as the primary APCs responsible for the initiation of the T cell response against invading pathogens. The naive T cell activation requires the following three key signals to be delivered from dendritic cells: engagement of the TCR by peptide Ags bound to MHC molecules (signal 1), engagement of costimulatory molecules on both cell types (signal 2), and expression of polarizing cytokines (signal 3). Initial interactions between Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, and dendritic cells remain largely unexplored. To address this gap in knowledge, we cultured live B. burgdorferi with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mo-DCs) from healthy donors to examine the bacterial immunopeptidome associated with HLA-DR. In parallel, we examined changes in the expression of key costimulatory and regulatory molecules as well as profiled the cytokines released by dendritic cells when exposed to live spirochetes. RNA-sequencing studies on B. burgdorferi-pulsed dendritic cells show a unique gene expression signature associated with B. burgdorferi stimulation that differs from stimulation with lipoteichoic acid, a TLR2 agonist. These studies revealed that exposure of mo-DCs to live B. burgdorferi drives the expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as immunoregulatory molecules (e.g., PD-L1, IDO1, Tim3). Collectively, these studies indicate that the interaction of live B. burgdorferi with mo-DCs promotes a unique mature DC phenotype that likely impacts the nature of the adaptive T cell response generated in human Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gutierrez-Hoffmann
- Lyme Disease Research Center, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jinshui Fan
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Robert N. O’Meally
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility,
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robert N. Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility,
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Liliana Florea
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins
University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Corina Antonescu
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins
University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - C. Conover Talbot
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns
Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Eleni Tiniakou
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Erika Darrah
- Lyme Disease Research Center, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mark J. Soloski
- Lyme Disease Research Center, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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19
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Schultz AB, Kugler DG, Nivelo L, Vitari N, Doyle LP, Ristin S, Hennighausen L, O’Shea JJ, Jankovic D, Villarino AV. T cell intrinsic STAT1 signaling prevents aberrant Th1 responses during acute toxoplasmosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212190. [PMID: 37559725 PMCID: PMC10407301 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection-induced T cell responses must be properly tempered and terminated to prevent immuno-pathology. Using transgenic mice, we demonstrate that T cell intrinsic STAT1 signaling is required to curb inflammation during acute infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Specifically, we report that mice lacking STAT1 selectively in T cells expel parasites but ultimately succumb to lethal immuno-pathology characterized by aberrant Th1-type responses with reduced IL-10 and increased IL-13 production. We also find that, unlike STAT1, STAT3 is not required for induction of IL-10 or suppression of IL-13 during acute toxoplasmosis. Each of these findings was confirmed in vitro and ChIP-seq data mining showed that STAT1 and STAT3 co-localize at the Il10 locus, as well as loci encoding other transcription factors that regulate IL-10 production, most notably Maf and Irf4. These data advance basic understanding of how infection-induced T cell responses are managed to prevent immuno-pathology and provide specific insights on the anti-inflammatory properties of STAT1, highlighting its role in shaping the character of Th1-type responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B. Schultz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - David G. Kugler
- Immunoparasitology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Luis Nivelo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nicolas Vitari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Laura P. Doyle
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Svetlana Ristin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lothar Hennighausen
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John J. O’Shea
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Immunoparasitology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alejandro V. Villarino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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20
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Okamoto M, Sasai M, Kuratani A, Okuzaki D, Arai M, Wing JB, Sakaguchi S, Yamamoto M. A genetic method specifically delineates Th1-type Treg cells and their roles in tumor immunity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112813. [PMID: 37440410 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the transcription factor (TF) Foxp3 also express other TFs shared by T helper (Th) subsets under certain conditions. Here, to determine the roles of T-bet-expressing Treg cells, we generate a mouse strain, called VeDTR, in which T-bet/Foxp3 double-positive cells are engineered to be specifically labeled and depleted by a combination of Cre- and Flp-recombinase-dependent gene expression control. Characterization of T-bet+Foxp3+ cells using VeDTR mice reveals high resistance under oxidative stress, which is involved in accumulation of T-bet+Foxp3+ cells in tumor tissues. Moreover, short-term depletion of T-bet+Foxp3+ cells leads to anti-tumor immunity but not autoimmunity, whereas that of whole Treg cells does both. Although ablation of T-bet+Foxp3+ cells during Toxoplasma infection slightly enhances Th1 immune responses, it does not affect the course of the infection. Collectively, the intersectional genetic method reveals the specific roles of T-bet+Foxp3+ cells in suppressing tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Okamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Miwa Sasai
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Immunoparasitology, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kuratani
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaya Arai
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - James B Wing
- Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Immunology), WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Human Immunology Team, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Immunoparasitology, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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21
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Wang Q, Zhong Y, Chen N, Chen J. From the immune system to mood disorders especially induced by Toxoplasma gondii: CD4+ T cell as a bridge. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1078984. [PMID: 37077528 PMCID: PMC10106765 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1078984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), a ubiquitous and obligatory intracellular protozoa, not only alters peripheral immune status, but crosses the blood-brain barrier to trigger brain parenchymal injury and central neuroinflammation to establish latent cerebral infection in humans and other vertebrates. Recent findings underscore the strong correlation between alterations in the peripheral and central immune environment and mood disorders. Th17 and Th1 cells are important pro-inflammatory cells that can drive the pathology of mood disorders by promoting neuroinflammation. As opposed to Th17 and Th1, regulatory T cells have inhibitory inflammatory and neuroprotective functions that can ameliorate mood disorders. T. gondii induces neuroinflammation, which can be mediated by CD4+ T cells (such as Tregs, Th17, Th1, and Th2). Though the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorder have been currently studied, emerging evidence points to unique role of CD4+ T cells in mood disorder, especially those caused by T. gondii infection. In this review, we explore some recent studies that extend our understanding of the relationship between mood disorders and T. gondii.
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22
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Ahmadi F, Junghus F, Ashworth C, Lappalainen A, Mörbe U, Kotarsky K, Agace WW. cDC1-derived IL-27 regulates small intestinal CD4+ T cell homeostasis in mice. J Exp Med 2023; 220:213747. [PMID: 36515659 PMCID: PMC9754766 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The small intestinal lamina propria contains large numbers of IFNγ-producing T helper (Th1) cells that play important roles in intestinal homeostasis and host defense, but the mechanisms underlying their development remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Th1 cells accumulate in the SI-LP after weaning and are maintained there long term. While both Th17 and Th1 cell accumulation in the SI-LP was microbiota dependent, Th1 cell accumulation uniquely required IL-27 and MHCII expression by cDC1. This reflected a requirement for IL-27 signaling in the priming of Th1 cells rather than for their maintenance once in the mucosa. cDC1-derived IL-27 was essential for maintaining the Th1-Th17 balance within the SI-LP, and in its absence, remaining Th1 cells expressed enhanced levels of Th17 signature genes. In conclusion, we identify cDC1-derived IL-27 as a key regulator of SI-LP Th1-Th17 cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahmadi
- Immunology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Junghus
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Ashworth
- Immunology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Amanda Lappalainen
- Immunology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Urs Mörbe
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Knut Kotarsky
- Immunology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - William W Agace
- Immunology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Mucosal Immunology Group, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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23
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Lin CH, Wu CJ, Cho S, Patkar R, Lin LL, Chen MC, Israelsson E, Betts J, Niedzielska M, Patel SA, Duong HG, Gerner RR, Hsu CY, Catley M, Maciewicz RA, Chu H, Raffatellu M, Chang JT, Lu LF. Selective IL-27 production by intestinal regulatory T cells permits gut-specific regulation of Th17 immunity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.20.529261. [PMID: 36865314 PMCID: PMC9980002 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.20.529261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are instrumental in establishing immunological tolerance. However, the precise effector mechanisms by which Treg cells control a specific type of immune response in a given tissue remains unresolved. By simultaneously studying Treg cells from different tissue origins under systemic autoimmunity, here we show that IL-27 is specifically produced by intestinal Treg cells to regulate Th17 immunity. Selectively increased intestinal Th17 responses in mice with Treg cell-specific IL-27 ablation led to exacerbated intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated cancer, but also helped protect against enteric bacterial infection. Furthermore, single-cell transcriptomic analysis has identified a CD83+TCF1+ Treg cell subset that is distinct from previously characterized intestinal Treg cell populations as the main IL-27 producers. Collectively, our study uncovers a novel Treg cell suppression mechanism crucial for controlling a specific type of immune response in a particular tissue, and provides further mechanistic insights into tissue-specific Treg cell-mediated immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Lin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California , CA, USA
| | - Cheng-Jang Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California , CA, USA
| | - Sunglim Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California , CA, USA
| | - Rasika Patkar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California , CA, USA
| | - Ling-Li Lin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California , CA, USA
| | - Mei-Chi Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California , CA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Israelsson
- Bioscience, Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joanne Betts
- Bioscience, Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Niedzielska
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shefali A Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Han G Duong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Romana R Gerner
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Yun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Catley
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rose A Maciewicz
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hiutung Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Manuela Raffatellu
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John T Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Li-Fan Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California , CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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24
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Malviya V, Yshii L, Junius S, Garg AD, Humblet-Baron S, Schlenner SM. Regulatory T-cell stability and functional plasticity in health and disease. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:112-129. [PMID: 36479949 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
FOXP3-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg ) are indispensable for immune homeostasis and tolerance, and in addition tissue-resident Treg have been found to perform noncanonical, tissue-specific functions. For optimal tolerogenic function during inflammatory disease, Treg are equipped with mechanisms that assure lineage stability. Treg lineage stability is closely linked to the installation and maintenance of a lineage-specific epigenetic landscape, specifically a Treg -specific DNA demethylation pattern. At the same time, for local and directed immune regulation Treg must possess a level of functional plasticity that requires them to partially acquire T helper cell (TH ) transcriptional programs-then referred to as TH -like Treg . Unleashing TH programs in Treg , however, is not without risk and may threaten the epigenetic stability of Treg with consequently pathogenic ex-Treg contributing to (auto-) inflammatory conditions. Here, we review how the Treg -stabilizing epigenetic landscape is installed and maintained, and further discuss the development, necessity and lineage instability risks of TH 1-, TH 2-, TH 17-like Treg and follicular Treg .
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanshika Malviya
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lidia Yshii
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steffie Junius
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Humblet-Baron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susan M Schlenner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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25
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Laukova M, Glatman Zaretsky A. Regulatory T cells as a therapeutic approach for inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250007. [PMID: 36562391 PMCID: PMC10107179 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells suppress inflammation and are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. A growing appreciation of tissue-specific Treg functions has built interest in leveraging the endogenous suppressive mechanisms of these cells into cellular therapeutics in organ-specific diseases. Notably, Treg cells play a critical role in maintaining the intestinal environment. As a barrier site, the gut requires Treg cells to mediate interactions with the microbiota, support barrier integrity, and regulate the immune system. Without fully functional Treg cells, intestinal inflammation and microbial dysbiosis ensue. Thus, there is a particular interest in developing Treg cellular therapies for intestinal inflammatory disease, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This article reviews some of the critical pathways that are dysregulated in IBD, Treg cell mechanisms of suppression, and the efforts and approaches in the field to develop these cells as a cellular therapy for IBD.
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26
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Fereig RM, Omar MA, Alsayeqh AF. Exploiting the Macrophage Production of IL-12 in Improvement of Vaccine Development against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum Infections. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122082. [PMID: 36560492 PMCID: PMC9783364 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis are major protozoan diseases of global distribution. Toxoplasma gondii is the cause of toxoplasmosis, which affects almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans, while Neospora caninum induces neosporosis in many animal species, especially cattle. The current defective situation with control measures is hindering all efforts to overcome the health hazards and economic losses of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis. Adequate understanding of host-parasite interactions and host strategies to combat such infections can be exploited in establishing potent control measures, including vaccine development. Macrophages are the first defense line of innate immunity, which is responsible for the successful elimination of T.gondii or N. caninum. This action is exerted via the immunoregulatory interleukin-12 (IL-12), which orchestrates the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) from various immune cells. Cellular immune response and IFN-γ production is the hallmark for successful vaccine candidates against both T. gondii and N. caninum. However, the discovery of potential vaccine candidates is a highly laborious, time-consuming and expensive procedure. In this review, we will try to exploit previous knowledge and our research experience to establish an efficient immunological approach for exploring potential vaccine candidates against T. gondii and N. caninum. Our previous studies on vaccine development against both T. gondii and N. caninum revealed a strong association between the successful and potential vaccine antigens and their ability to promote the macrophage secretion of IL-12 using a murine model. This phenomenon was emphasized using different recombinant antigens, parasites, and experimental approaches. Upon these data and research trials, IL-12 production from murine macrophages can be used as an initial predictor for judgment of vaccine efficacy before further evaluation in time-consuming and laborious in vivo experiments. However, more studies and research are required to conceptualize this immunological approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragab M. Fereig
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.M.F.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Mosaab A. Omar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F. Alsayeqh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.M.F.); (A.F.A.)
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27
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Jotereau F, Alameddine J, Teusan R, Pédron A, Jouand N, Altare F, Godefroy E. Human gut microbiota-reactive DP8α regulatory T cells, signature and related emerging functions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1026994. [PMID: 36479125 PMCID: PMC9720269 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In mice, microbiota-induced Tregs both maintain intestinal homeostasis and provide resistance to immuno-pathologies in the adult. Identifying their human functional counterpart therefore represents an important goal. We discovered, in the human colonic lamina propria and blood, a FoxP3-negative IL-10-secreting Treg subset, which co-expresses CD4 and CD8α (hence named DP8α) and displays a TCR-reactivity against Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, indicating a role for this symbiotic bacterium in their induction. Moreover, supporting their role in intestinal homeostasis, we previously reported both their drastic decrease in IBD patients and their protective role in vivo against intestinal inflammation, in mice. Here, we aimed at identifying the genomic, phenotypic and functional signatures of these microbiota-induced Tregs, towards delineating their physiological role(s) and clinical potential. Human F. prausnitzii-reactive DP8α Treg clones were derived from both the colonic lamina propria and blood. RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry and functional assays were performed to characterize their response upon activation and compare them to donor- and tissue-matched FoxP3+ Treg clones. DP8α Tregs exhibited a unique mixed Tr1-like/cytotoxic CD4+ T cell-profile and shared the RORγt and MAF master genes with mouse gut microbiota-induced FoxP3+ Tregs. We revealed their potent cytotoxic, chemotactic and IgA-promoting abilities, which were confirmed using in vitro assays. Therefore, besides their induction by a Clostridium bacterium, DP8α Tregs also partake master genes with mouse microbiota-induced Tregs. The present identification of their complete signature and novel functional properties, should be key in delineating the in vivo roles and therapeutic applications of these unique human microbiota-induced Tregs through their study in pathological contexts, particularly in inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Jotereau
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France,*Correspondence: Emmanuelle Godefroy, ; Francine Jotereau, ; Frédéric Altare,
| | - Joudy Alameddine
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Raluca Teusan
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
| | - Annabelle Pédron
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Jouand
- Cytocell, BioCore, Nantes Université UMS 3556, Inserm US016, CNRS UAR 3556, CHU Nantes, SFR Santé François BONAMY, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Altare
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France,*Correspondence: Emmanuelle Godefroy, ; Francine Jotereau, ; Frédéric Altare,
| | - Emmanuelle Godefroy
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France,*Correspondence: Emmanuelle Godefroy, ; Francine Jotereau, ; Frédéric Altare,
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28
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Interleukin-27 Ameliorates Atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- Mice through Regulatory T Cell Augmentation and Dendritic Cell Tolerance. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:2054879. [PMID: 36405994 PMCID: PMC9674420 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2054879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, which is characterized by chronic inflammation in the arterial wall, is driven by immune cells and cytokines. Recent evidence indicated that interleukin (IL)-27 showed pleiotropic properties in immune diseases. However, precise mechanisms of IL-27, especially in atherosclerosis remains unknown. In our research, we examined the influence of the administration of IL-27 and an anti-IL-27p28 antibody (anti-IL-27p28-Ab) on both the initiation and the progression of atherosclerosis. In the groups (both the initiation and the progression) receiving recombinant IL-27 administration, the formation of atherosclerotic plaques was suspended, and the percentage of regulatory T cells (LAP+ or Foxp3+) in the spleen and peripheral blood was increased. Meanwhile, the number of T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells was decreased. In the peripheral blood plasma, TGF-β and IL-10 expression were increased, while the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 were reduced. As for lesions, the mRNA expression of Foxp3, TGF-β, and IL-10 was increased, while that of IFN-γ and IL-17 was reduced. In the anti-IL-27p28 antibody groups, we obtained opposite results. We also observed that DCs treated with IL-27 display a tolerogenic phenotype and that IL-27–treated tolerogenic DCs (tDCs) are likely to play a protective role during atherosclerosis. Our study indicates that IL-27 or adoptive transfer of IL-27 loaded tDCs may be a new therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis.
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29
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Xu D. Research progress on Th17 and T regulatory cells and their cytokines in regulating atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:929078. [PMID: 36211578 PMCID: PMC9534355 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.929078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease due to atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is considered a chronic inflammatory state in the arterial wall that promotes disease progression and outcome, and immune cells play an important role in the inflammatory process. Purpose We review the mechanisms of CD4+ T subsets, i.e., helper T17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), in regulating atherosclerosis, focusing on the role of interleukin (IL)-17, IL-10, and other cytokines in this disease and the factors influencing the effects of these cytokines. Results IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells can promote atherosclerosis, but few studies have reported that IL-17 can also stabilize atherosclerotic plaques. Tregs play a protective role in atherosclerosis, and Th17/Treg imbalance also plays an important role in atherosclerosis. Conclusion The immune response is important in regulating atherosclerosis, and studying the mechanism of action of each immune cell on atherosclerosis presents directions for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the current studies are insufficient for elucidating the mechanism of action, and further in-depth studies are needed to provide a theoretical basis for clinical drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Dendritic cell-derived IL-27 p28 regulates T cell program in pathogenicity and alleviates acute graft-versus-host disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:319. [PMID: 36109504 PMCID: PMC9477797 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 27 (IL-27), a heterodimeric cytokine composed of Epstein-Barr virus-induced 3 and p28, is a pleiotropic cytokine with both pro-and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the precise role of IL-27 in acute graft-versus-host disease is not yet fully understood. In this study, utilizing mice with IL-27 p28 deficiency in dendritic cells (DCs), we demonstrated that IL-27 p28 deficiency resulted in impaired Treg cell function and enhanced effector T cell responses, corresponding to aggravated aGVHD in mice. In addition, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found that loss of IL-27 p28 impaired Treg cell generation and promoted IL-1R2+TIGIT+ pathogenic CD4+ T cells in the thymus at a steady state. Mechanistically, IL-27 p28 deficiency promoted STAT1 phosphorylation and Th1 cell responses, leading to the inhibition of Treg cell differentiation and function. Finally, patients with high levels of IL-27 p28 in serum showed a substantially decreased occurrence of grade II-IV aGVHD and more favorable overall survival than those with low levels of IL-27 p28. Thus, our results suggest a protective role of DC-derived IL-27 p28 in the pathogenesis of aGVHD through modulation of the Treg/Teff cell balance during thymic development. IL-27 p28 may be a valuable marker for predicting aGVHD development after transplantation in humans.
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31
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Morita Y, Saito M, Rangel-Moreno J, Franchini AM, Owen JR, Martinez JC, Daiss JL, de Mesy Bentley KL, Kates SL, Schwarz EM, Muthukrishnan G. Systemic IL-27 administration prevents abscess formation and osteolysis via local neutrophil recruitment and activation. Bone Res 2022; 10:56. [PMID: 36028492 PMCID: PMC9418173 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00228-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine whose functions during bacterial infections remain controversial, and its role in patients with S. aureus osteomyelitis is unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we completed a clinical study and observed elevated serum IL-27 levels (20-fold higher, P < 0.05) in patients compared with healthy controls. Remarkably, IL-27 serum levels were 60-fold higher in patients immediately following septic death than in uninfected patients (P < 0.05), suggesting a pathogenic role of IL-27. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated S. aureus osteomyelitis in WT and IL-27Rα-/- mice with and without exogenous IL-27 induction by intramuscular injection of rAAV-IL-27p28 or rAAV-GFP, respectively. We found that IL-27 was induced at the surgical site within 1 day of S. aureus infection of bone and was expressed by M0, M1 and M2 macrophages and osteoblasts but not by osteoclasts. Unexpectedly, exogenous IL-27p28 (~2 ng·mL-1 in serum) delivery ameliorated soft tissue abscesses and peri-implant bone loss during infection, accompanied by enhanced local IL-27 expression, significant accumulation of RORγt+ neutrophils at the infection site, a decrease in RANK+ cells, and compromised osteoclast formation. These effects were not observed in IL-27Rα-/- mice compared with WT mice, suggesting that IL-27 is dispensable for immunity but mediates redundant immune and bone cell functions during infection. In vitro studies and bulk RNA-seq of infected tibiae showed that IL-27 increased nos1, nos2, il17a, il17f, and rorc expression but did not directly stimulate chemotaxis. Collectively, these results identify a novel phenomenon of IL-27 expression by osteoblasts immediately following S. aureus infection of bone and suggest a protective role of systemic IL-27 in osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Morita
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Motoo Saito
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Anthony M Franchini
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - John R Owen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - John C Martinez
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - John L Daiss
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Karen L de Mesy Bentley
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stephen L Kates
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Edward M Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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32
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Jin Y, Fyfe PK, Gardner S, Wilmes S, Bubeck D, Moraga I. Structural insights into the assembly and activation of the
IL
‐27 signaling complex. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55450. [PMID: 35920255 PMCID: PMC9535766 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 27 (IL‐27) is a heterodimeric cytokine that elicits potent immunosuppressive responses. Comprised of EBI3 and p28 subunits, IL‐27 binds GP130 and IL‐27Rα receptor chains to activate the JAK/STAT signaling cascade. However, how these receptors recognize IL‐27 and form a complex capable of phosphorylating JAK proteins remains unclear. Here, we used cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM) and AlphaFold modeling to solve the structure of the IL‐27 receptor recognition complex. Our data show how IL‐27 serves as a bridge connecting IL‐27Rα (domains 1–2) with GP130 (domains 1–3) to initiate signaling. While both receptors contact the p28 component of the heterodimeric cytokine, EBI3 stabilizes the complex by binding a positively charged surface of IL‐27Rα and Domain 1 of GP130. We find that assembly of the IL‐27 receptor recognition complex is distinct from both IL‐12 and IL‐6 cytokine families and provides a mechanistic blueprint for tuning IL‐27 pleiotropic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Jin
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building Imperial College London London UK
| | - Paul K Fyfe
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences University of Dundee Dundee UK
| | - Scott Gardner
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building Imperial College London London UK
| | - Stephan Wilmes
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences University of Dundee Dundee UK
| | - Doryen Bubeck
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building Imperial College London London UK
| | - Ignacio Moraga
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences University of Dundee Dundee UK
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33
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Liu S, Li RG, Martin JF. The cell-autonomous and non–cell-autonomous roles of the Hippo pathway in heart regeneration. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 168:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The Regulatory-T-Cell Memory Phenotype: What We Know. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101687. [PMID: 35626725 PMCID: PMC9139615 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In immunology, the discovery of regulatory T (Treg) cells was a major breakthrough. Treg cells play a key role in pregnancy maintenance, in the prevention of autoimmune responses, and in the control of all immune responses, including responses to self cells, cancer, infection, and a transplant. It is currently unclear whether Treg cells are capable of long-term memory of an encounter with an antigen. Although the term “immunological memory” usually means an enhanced ability to protect the body from reinfection, the memory of the suppressive activity of Treg cells helps to avoid the state of generalized immunosuppression that may result from the second activation of the immune system. In this review, we would like to discuss the concept of regulatory memory and in which tissues memory Treg cells can perform their functions.
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Caveney NA, Glassman CR, Jude KM, Tsutsumi N, Garcia KC. Structure of the IL-27 quaternary receptor signaling complex. eLife 2022; 11:e78463. [PMID: 35579417 PMCID: PMC9142143 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 27 (IL-27) is a heterodimeric cytokine that functions to constrain T cell-mediated inflammation and plays an important role in immune homeostasis. Binding of IL-27 to cell surface receptors, IL-27Rα and gp130, results in activation of receptor-associated Janus Kinases and nuclear translocation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT3 transcription factors. Despite the emerging therapeutic importance of this cytokine axis in cancer and autoimmunity, a molecular blueprint of the IL-27 receptor signaling complex, and its relation to other gp130/IL-12 family cytokines, is currently unclear. We used cryogenic-electron microscopy to determine the quaternary structure of IL-27, composed of p28 and Epstein-Barr Virus-Induced 3 (Ebi3) subunits, bound to receptors, IL-27Rα and gp130. The resulting 3.47 Å resolution structure revealed a three-site assembly mechanism nucleated by the central p28 subunit of the cytokine. The overall topology and molecular details of this binding are reminiscent of IL-6 but distinct from related heterodimeric cytokines IL-12 and IL-23. These results indicate distinct receptor assembly mechanisms used by heterodimeric cytokines with important consequences for targeted agonism and antagonism of IL-27 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael A Caveney
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Caleb R Glassman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Naotaka Tsutsumi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
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36
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Hertweck A, Vila de Mucha M, Barber PR, Dagil R, Porter H, Ramos A, Lord GM, Jenner RG. The TH1 cell lineage-determining transcription factor T-bet suppresses TH2 gene expression by redistributing GATA3 away from TH2 genes. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:4557-4573. [PMID: 35438764 PMCID: PMC9071441 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage-determining transcription factors (LD-TFs) drive the differentiation of progenitor cells into a specific lineage. In CD4+ T cells, T-bet dictates differentiation of the TH1 lineage, whereas GATA3 drives differentiation of the alternative TH2 lineage. However, LD-TFs, including T-bet and GATA3, are frequently co-expressed but how this affects LD-TF function is not known. By expressing T-bet and GATA3 separately or together in mouse T cells, we show that T-bet sequesters GATA3 at its target sites, thereby removing GATA3 from TH2 genes. This redistribution of GATA3 is independent of GATA3 DNA binding activity and is instead mediated by the T-bet DNA binding domain, which interacts with the GATA3 DNA binding domain and changes GATA3's sequence binding preference. This mechanism allows T-bet to drive the TH1 gene expression program in the presence of GATA3. We propose that redistribution of one LD-TF by another may be a common mechanism that could explain how specific cell fate choices can be made even in the presence of other transcription factors driving alternative differentiation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Hertweck
- UCL Cancer Institute and Cancer Research UK UCL Centre, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maria Vila de Mucha
- UCL Cancer Institute and Cancer Research UK UCL Centre, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Paul R Barber
- UCL Cancer Institute and Cancer Research UK UCL Centre, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Robert Dagil
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK
| | - Hayley Porter
- UCL Cancer Institute and Cancer Research UK UCL Centre, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andres Ramos
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK
| | - Graham M Lord
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK
| | - Richard G Jenner
- UCL Cancer Institute and Cancer Research UK UCL Centre, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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37
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Perry JA, Shallberg L, Clark JT, Gullicksrud JA, DeLong JH, Douglas BB, Hart AP, Lanzar Z, O'Dea K, Konradt C, Park J, Kuchroo JR, Grubaugh D, Zaretsky AG, Brodsky IE, Malefyt RDW, Christian DA, Sharpe AH, Hunter CA. PD-L1-PD-1 interactions limit effector regulatory T cell populations at homeostasis and during infection. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:743-756. [PMID: 35437326 PMCID: PMC9106844 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic and transcriptional profiling of regulatory T (Treg) cells at homeostasis reveals that T cell receptor activation promotes Treg cells with an effector phenotype (eTreg) characterized by the production of interleukin-10 and expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1. At homeostasis, blockade of the PD-1 pathway results in enhanced eTreg cell activity, whereas during infection with Toxoplasma gondii, early interferon-γ upregulates myeloid cell expression of PD-L1 associated with reduced Treg cell populations. In infected mice, blockade of PD-L1, complete deletion of PD-1 or lineage-specific deletion of PD-1 in Treg cells prevents loss of eTreg cells. These interventions resulted in a reduced ratio of pathogen-specific effector T cells: eTreg cells and increased levels of interleukin-10 that mitigated the development of immunopathology, but which could compromise parasite control. Thus, eTreg cell expression of PD-1 acts as a sensor to rapidly tune the pool of eTreg cells at homeostasis and during inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Perry
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lindsey Shallberg
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph T Clark
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jodi A Gullicksrud
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan H DeLong
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bonnie B Douglas
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P Hart
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Lanzar
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Keenan O'Dea
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christoph Konradt
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jeongho Park
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juhi R Kuchroo
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Grubaugh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Igor E Brodsky
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - David A Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Ajouaou Y, Azouz A, Taquin A, Denanglaire S, Hussein H, Krayem M, Andris F, Moser M, Goriely S, Leo O. The oxygen sensor Prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 regulates the in vivo suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells. eLife 2022; 11:70555. [PMID: 35192456 PMCID: PMC8896828 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) plays an important role in cell hypoxia adaptation by regulating the stability of HIF proteins (HIF1α and HIF2α) in numerous cell types, including T lymphocytes. The role of oxygen sensor on immune cells, particularly on regulatory T cell (Treg) function, has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of PHD2 in the regulation of Treg phenotype and function. We demonstrate herein that selective ablation of PHD2 expression in Treg (PHD2ΔTreg mice) leads to a spontaneous systemic inflammatory syndrome, as evidenced by weight loss, development of a rectal prolapse, splenomegaly, shortening of the colon, and elevated expression of IFN-γ in the mesenteric lymph nodes, intestine, and spleen. PHD2 deficiency in Tregs led to an increased number of activated CD4 conventional T cells expressing a Th1-like effector phenotype. Concomitantly, the expression of innate-type cytokines such as Il1b, Il12a, Il12b, and Tnfa was found to be elevated in peripheral (gut) tissues and spleen. PHD2ΔTreg mice also displayed an enhanced sensitivity to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and toxoplasmosis, suggesting that PHD2-deficient Tregs did not efficiently control inflammatory response in vivo, particularly those characterized by IFN-γ production. Further analysis revealed that Treg dysregulation was largely prevented in PHD2-HIF2α (PHD2-HIF2αΔTreg mice), but not in PHD2-HIF1α (PHD2-HIF1αΔTreg mice) double KOs, suggesting an important and possibly selective role of the PHD2-HIF2α axis in the control of Treg function. Finally, the transcriptomic analysis of PHD2-deficient Tregs identified the STAT1 pathway as a target of the PHD2-HIF2α axis in regulatory T cell phenotype and in vivo function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hind Hussein
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Krayem
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Muriel Moser
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Oberdan Leo
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
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Qiu SL, Sun QX, Zhou JP, Tang HJ, Chen YQ, Chen FS, Feng T, He ZQ, Qin HJ, Duan MC. IL-27 mediates anti-inflammatory effect in cigarette smoke induced emphysema by negatively regulating IFN-γ producing cytotoxic CD8 + T cells in mice. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:222-236. [PMID: 34559883 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic airway inflammation mediated by CD8+ T lymphocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Deciphering the fingerprint of the chronic inflammation orchestrated by CD8+ T cells may allow the development of novel approaches to COPD management. Here, the expression of IL-27 and IFN-γ+ CD8+ Tc1 cells were evaluated in patients with COPD and in cigarette smoke-exposed mice. The production of IL-27 by marrow-derived dendritic cells (mDCs) in response to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was assessed. The role of IL-27 in IFN-γ+ CD8+ Tc1 cells was explored. We demonstrated that elevated IL-27 was accompanied by an exaggerated IFN-γ+ CD8+ Tc1 response in a smoking mouse model of emphysema. We noted that lung dendritic cells were one of the main sources of IL-27 during chronic cigarette smoke exposure. Moreover, CSE directly induced the production of IL-27 by mDCs in vitro. IL-27 negatively regulated the differentiation of IFN-γ+ CD8+ Tc1 cells isolated from cigarette smoke-exposed mice in a STAT1- and STAT3-independent manner. Systemic administration of recombinant IL-27 attenuated IFN-γ+ CD8+ Tc1 response in the late phase of cigarette smoke exposure. Our results uncovered that IL-27 negatively regulates IFN-γ+ CD8+ Tc1 response in the late stage of chronic cigarette smoke exposure, which may provide a new strategy for the anti-inflammatory treatment of smoking-related COPD/emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lin Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi-Xiang Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian-Peng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Hai-Juan Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan-Qiong Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Fu-Shou Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Zai-Qing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Hua-Jiao Qin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Min-Chao Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
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40
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Yang H, Hu B. Immunological Perspective: Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastritis. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:2944156. [PMID: 35300405 PMCID: PMC8923794 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2944156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped gram-negative bacterium. Its infection is mainly transmitted via oral-oral and fecal-oral routes usually during early childhood. It can achieve persistent colonization by manipulating the host immune responses, which also causes mucosal damage and inflammation. H. pylori gastritis is an infectious disease and results in chronic gastritis of different severity in near all patients with infection. It may develop from acute/chronic inflammation, chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and intraepithelial neoplasia, eventually to gastric cancer. This review attempts to cover recent studies which provide important insights into how H. pylori causes chronic inflammation and what the characteristic is, which will immunologically explain H. pylori gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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41
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Ghosh S, Roy K, Rajalingam R, Martin S, Pal C. Cytokines in the generation and function of regulatory T cell subsets in leishmaniasis. Cytokine 2021; 147:155266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Lin CH, Chen MC, Lin LL, Christian DA, Min B, Hunter CA, Lu LF. Gut epithelial IL-27 confers intestinal immunity through the induction of intraepithelial lymphocytes. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212659. [PMID: 34554189 PMCID: PMC8480671 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-27 controls a diverse range of immune responses in many disease settings. Here, we identify intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) as one of the major IL-27 cellular sources in the gut-associated tissue. Unlike IL-27 secreted by innate immune cells, gut epithelial IL-27 is dispensable for T-bet+ regulatory T cell (T reg cell) differentiation or IL-10 induction. Rather, IEC-derived IL-27 specifically promotes a distinct CD8αα+CD4+ intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) population that acquires their functional differentiation at the intestinal epithelium. Loss of IL-27 in IECs leads to a selective defect in CD8αα+CD4+ IELs over time. Consequently, mice with IEC-specific IL-27 ablation exhibited elevated pathogen burden during parasitic infection, and this could be rescued by transfer of exogenous CD8αα+CD4+ IELs. Collectively, our data reveal that in addition to its known regulatory properties in preventing immune hyperactivity, gut epithelial IL-27 confers barrier immunity by inducing a specific IEL subset and further suggest that IL-27 produced by different cell types plays distinct roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Lin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mei-Chi Chen
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ling-Li Lin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - David A Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Li-Fan Lu
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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43
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Takahashi H, Nomura H, Iriki H, Kubo A, Isami K, Mikami Y, Mukai M, Sasaki T, Yamagami J, Kudoh J, Ito H, Kamata A, Kurebayashi Y, Yoshida H, Yoshimura A, Sun HW, Suematsu M, O’Shea JJ, Kanno Y, Amagai M. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase is a metabolic switch to constrain T cell-mediated inflammation in the skin. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabb6444. [PMID: 34623903 PMCID: PMC9780739 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb6444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is an immunoregulatory cytokine whose essential function is to limit immune responses. We found that the gene encoding cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (Ch25h) was induced in CD4+ T cells by IL-27, enhanced by transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β), and antagonized by T-bet. Ch25h catalyzes cholesterol to generate 25-hydroxycholesterol (25OHC), which was subsequently released to the cellular milieu, functioning as a modulator of T cell response. Extracellular 25OHC suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis in T cells, inhibited cell growth, and induced nutrient deprivation cell death without releasing high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This growth inhibitory effect was specific to actively proliferating cells with high cholesterol demand and was reversed when extracellular cholesterol was replenished. Ch25h-expressing CD4+ T cells that received IL-27 and TGF-β signals became refractory to 25OHC-mediated growth inhibition in vitro. Nonetheless, IL-27–treated T cells negatively affected viability of bystander cells in a paracrine manner, but only if the bystander cells were in the early phases of activation. In mouse models of skin inflammation due to autoreactive T cells or chemically induced hypersensitivity, genetic deletion of Ch25h or Il27ra led to worse outcomes. Thus, Ch25h is an immunoregulatory metabolic switch induced by IL-27 and dampens excess bystander T effector expansion in tissues through its metabolite derivative, 25OHC. This study reveals regulation of cholesterol metabolism as a modality for controlling tissue inflammation and thus represents a mechanism underlying T cell immunoregulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hisashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hisato Iriki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Kubo
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Koichi Isami
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
- Present address: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miho Mukai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Yamagami
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Kudoh
- Laboratory of Gene Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Aki Kamata
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kurebayashi
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshida
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Immunoscience, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jonh J. O’Shea
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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44
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The dual role of IL-27 in CD4+T cells. Mol Immunol 2021; 138:172-180. [PMID: 34438225 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-27 (IL-27), a member of the IL-6/IL-12 family, has diverse regulatory functions in various immune responses, and is recognised as a potent agonist and antagonist of CD4+T cells in different contexts. However, this dual role and underlying mechanisms have not been completely defined. In the present review, we summarise the dual role of IL-27 in CD4+T cells. In particular, we aimed to decipher its mechanism to better understand the context-dependent function of IL-27 in CD4+T cells. Furthermore, we propose a possible mechanism for the dual role of IL-27. This may be helpful for the development of appropriate IL-27 treatments in various clinical settings.
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45
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Regulatory T cells function in established systemic inflammation and reverse fatal autoimmunity. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1163-1174. [PMID: 34426690 PMCID: PMC9341271 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells is dependent on continuous expression of the transcription factor Foxp3. Foxp3 loss-of-function or induced ablation of Treg cells results in a fatal autoimmune disease featuring all known types of inflammatory responses with every manifestation stemming from Treg cell paucity, highlighting a vital function of Treg cells in preventing fatal autoimmune inflammation. However, a major question remains whether Treg cells can persist and effectively exert their function in a disease state, where a broad spectrum of inflammatory mediators can either inactivate Treg cells or render innate and adaptive pro-inflammatory effector cells insensitive to suppression. By reinstating Foxp3 protein expression and suppressor function in cells expressing a reversible Foxp3 null allele in severely diseased mice, we found that the resulting single pool of “redeemed” Treg cells normalized immune activation, quelled severe tissue inflammation, reversed fatal autoimmune disease, and provided long-term protection against them. Thus, Treg cells are functional in settings of established broad spectrum systemic inflammation and are capable of affording sustained reset of immune homeostasis.
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46
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Hill DG, Ward A, Nicholson LB, Jones GW. Emerging roles for IL-6 family cytokines as positive and negative regulators of ectopic lymphoid structures. Cytokine 2021; 146:155650. [PMID: 34343865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IL-6 family cytokines display broad effects in haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic cells that regulate immune homeostasis, host defence, haematopoiesis, development, reproduction and wound healing. Dysregulation of these activities places this cytokine family as important mediators of autoimmunity, chronic inflammation and cancer. In this regard, ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) are a pathological hallmark of many tissues affected by chronic disease. These inducible lymphoid aggregates form compartmentalised T cell and B cell zones, germinal centres, follicular dendritic cell networks and high endothelial venules, which are defining qualities of peripheral lymphoid organs. Accordingly, ELS can support local antigen-specific responses to self-antigens, alloantigens, pathogens and tumours. ELS often correlate with severe disease progression in autoimmune conditions, while tumour-associated ELS are associated with enhanced anti-tumour immunity and a favourable prognosis in cancer. Here, we discuss emerging roles for IL-6 family cytokines as regulators of ELS development, maintenance and activity and consider how modulation of these activities has the potential to aid the successful treatment of autoimmune conditions and cancers where ELS feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Hill
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Amy Ward
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lindsay B Nicholson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gareth W Jones
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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47
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Elfaki Y, Yang J, Boehme J, Schultz K, Bruder D, Falk CS, Huehn J, Floess S. Tbx21 and Foxp3 Are Epigenetically Stabilized in T-Bet + Tregs That Transiently Accumulate in Influenza A Virus-Infected Lungs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147522. [PMID: 34299148 PMCID: PMC8307036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
During influenza A virus (IAV) infections, CD4+ T cell responses within infected lungs mainly involve T helper 1 (Th1) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Th1-mediated responses favor the co-expression of T-box transcription factor 21 (T-bet) in Foxp3+ Tregs, enabling the efficient Treg control of Th1 responses in infected tissues. So far, the exact accumulation kinetics of T cell subsets in the lungs and lung-draining lymph nodes (dLN) of IAV-infected mice is incompletely understood, and the epigenetic signature of Tregs accumulating in infected lungs has not been investigated. Here, we report that the total T cell and the two-step Treg accumulation in IAV-infected lungs is transient, whereas the change in the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells is more durable. Within lungs, the frequency of Tregs co-expressing T-bet is steadily, yet transiently, increasing with a peak at Day 7 post-infection. Interestingly, T-bet+ Tregs accumulating in IAV-infected lungs displayed a strongly demethylated Tbx21 locus, similarly as in T-bet+ conventional T cells, and a fully demethylated Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) within the Foxp3 locus. In summary, our data suggest that T-bet+ but not T-bet- Tregs are epigenetically stabilized during IAV-induced infection in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassin Elfaki
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (Y.E.); (J.Y.)
| | - Juhao Yang
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (Y.E.); (J.Y.)
| | - Julia Boehme
- Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (J.B.); (K.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Kristin Schultz
- Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (J.B.); (K.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dunja Bruder
- Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (J.B.); (K.S.); (D.B.)
- Infection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christine S. Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research DZIF, Thematical Translation Unit-Immunocompromized Host (TTU-IICH), Hannover-Braunschweig Site, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (Y.E.); (J.Y.)
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (S.F.)
| | - Stefan Floess
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (Y.E.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (S.F.)
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48
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Bettini M, Bettini ML. Function, Failure, and the Future Potential of Tregs in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2021; 70:1211-1219. [PMID: 34016597 PMCID: PMC8275894 DOI: 10.2337/dbi18-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Critical insights into the etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) came from genome-wide association studies that unequivocally connected genetic susceptibility to immune cell function. At the top of the susceptibility are genes involved in regulatory T-cell (Treg) function and development. The advances in epigenetic and transcriptional analyses have provided increasing evidence for Treg dysfunction in T1D. These are well supported by functional studies in mouse models and analysis of peripheral blood during T1D. For these reasons, Treg-based therapies are at the forefront of research and development and have a tangible probability to deliver a long-sought-after successful immune-targeted treatment for T1D. The current challenge in the field is whether we can directly assess Treg function at the tissue site or make informative interpretations based on peripheral data. Future studies focused on Treg function in pancreatic lymph nodes and pancreas could provide key insight into the ultimate mechanisms underlying Treg failure in T1D. In this Perspective we will provide an overview of current literature regarding Treg development and function in T1D and how this knowledge has been applied to Treg therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoimmunity/physiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy
- Endocrinology/methods
- Endocrinology/trends
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance/physiology
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/trends
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/trends
- Pancreas/immunology
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pancreas/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/physiology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bettini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Matthew L Bettini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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49
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Min B, Kim D, Feige MJ. IL-30 † (IL-27A): a familiar stranger in immunity, inflammation, and cancer. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:823-834. [PMID: 34045653 PMCID: PMC8178335 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, interleukin (IL)-27 has received much attention because of its highly divergent, sometimes even opposing, functions in immunity. IL-30, the p28 subunit that forms IL-27 together with Ebi3 and is also known as IL-27p28 or IL-27A, has been considered a surrogate to represent IL-27. However, it was later discovered that IL-30 can form complexes with other protein subunits, potentially leading to overlapping or discrete functions. Furthermore, there is emerging evidence that IL-30 itself may perform immunomodulatory functions independent of Ebi3 or other binding partners and that IL-30 production is strongly associated with certain cancers in humans. In this review, we will discuss the biology of IL-30 and other IL-30-associated cytokines and their functions in inflammation and cancer. Studying the ways that interleukin IL-30 regulates immune responses may provide novel insights into tumor development and inflammatory conditions. Interleukins are a diverse family of proteins involved in intercellular communications and immunity, where they can exert divergent and even opposing functions. Booki Min at Northwestern University in Chicago, USA, and co-workers reviewed the current understanding of IL-30 and its links to inflammation and cancer. IL-30 forms the IL-27 complex with the Ebi3 protein and was thought to be a surrogate for IL-27 in terms of activity. However, recent insights suggest that IL-30 may perform discrete immune modulation functions. Elevated IL-30 secretion is linked to prostate and breast cancer development. Extensive research is needed into the formation of IL-30, its associated protein interactions, and the development of a suitable animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Booki Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Dongkyun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Matthias J Feige
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
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50
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Johnson BM, Uchimura T, Gallovic MD, Thamilarasan M, Chou WC, Gibson SA, Deng M, Tam JW, Batty CJ, Williams J, Matsushima GK, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM, Markovic-Plese S, Ting JPY. STING Agonist Mitigates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Stimulating Type I IFN-Dependent and -Independent Immune-Regulatory Pathways. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 206:2015-2028. [PMID: 33820855 PMCID: PMC8406342 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cGAS-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)-stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway induces a powerful type I IFN (IFN-I) response and is a prime candidate for augmenting immunity in cancer immunotherapy and vaccines. IFN-I also has immune-regulatory functions manifested in several autoimmune diseases and is a first-line therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. However, it is only moderately effective and can induce adverse effects and neutralizing Abs in recipients. Targeting cGAMP in autoimmunity is unexplored and represents a challenge because of the intracellular location of its receptor, STING. We used microparticle (MP)-encapsulated cGAMP to increase cellular delivery, achieve dose sparing, and reduce potential toxicity. In the C57BL/6 experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, cGAMP encapsulated in MPs (cGAMP MPs) administered therapeutically protected mice from EAE in a STING-dependent fashion, whereas soluble cGAMP was ineffective. Protection was also observed in a relapsing-remitting model. Importantly, cGAMP MPs protected against EAE at the peak of disease and were more effective than rIFN-β. Mechanistically, cGAMP MPs showed both IFN-I-dependent and -independent immunosuppressive effects. Furthermore, it induced the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-27 without requiring IFN-I. This augmented IL-10 expression through activated ERK and CREB. IL-27 and subsequent IL-10 were the most important cytokines to mitigate autoreactivity. Critically, cGAMP MPs promoted IFN-I as well as the immunoregulatory cytokines IL-27 and IL-10 in PBMCs from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Collectively, this study reveals a previously unappreciated immune-regulatory effect of cGAMP that can be harnessed to restrain T cell autoreactivity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell-Derived Microparticles/immunology
- Cell-Derived Microparticles/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Female
- Humans
- Interferon Type I/immunology
- Interferon Type I/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/agonists
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Knockout
- Nucleotides, Cyclic/administration & dosage
- Nucleotides, Cyclic/immunology
- Nucleotides, Cyclic/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Johnson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Toru Uchimura
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew D Gallovic
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Madhan Thamilarasan
- Department of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Sara A Gibson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Meng Deng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jason W Tam
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Cole J Batty
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jonathan Williams
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Glenn K Matsushima
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Silva Markovic-Plese
- Department of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Center for Translational Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; and
- Institute for Inflammatory Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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