1
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Chen X, Xuan Y, Chen Y, Yang F, Zhu M, Xu J, Chen J. Polystyrene nanoplastics induce intestinal and hepatic inflammation through activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways and related gut-liver axis in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173458. [PMID: 38796000 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) present in food and water poses a genuine risk of their accumulation in humans through the diet. Preferential contact between ingested NPs and the intestine as well as the liver has the potential to induce enteritis and hepatitis. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the inter-organ crosstalk between the intestine and liver when exposed to NPs, as well as the underlying signaling pathways involved. In this study, we employed a 21-day mice exposure model to investigate the accumulation profile of PS-NPs and elucidate the mechanism of intestinal and hepatic inflammation induced by NPs. After exposure, notable fluorescent signals originating from PS-NPs were detected not only in the stomach and intestine but also in other organs such as liver, lung, kidney, brain, and testes. Histopathological analysis along with routine blood tests both revealed an acute inflammatory reaction in mice. Further mechanistic investigations demonstrated that PS-NPs activated inflammatory NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways and induced the expression of cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in the intestine, which recruited macrophages and neutrophils into the intestine. Concurrently, a significant decrease in the expression levels of intestinal tight junction proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1) was observed, resulting in an increase in intestinal permeability and elevated endotoxin (LPS) levels. The high levels of LPS further activated TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD pathways in the liver, inducing liver inflammation and hepatocyte pyroptosis. The impairment of liver function was positively correlated with intestinal inflammation and barrier disruption. These findings underscore that exposure to NPs can instigate enteritis and hepatitis while emphasizing the crucial role played by the indirect gut-liver axis in elucidating the potential mechanism underlying NP-induced liver pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwei Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hang Zhou 310053, China
| | - Yang Xuan
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hang Zhou 310053, China
| | - Yawen Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hang Zhou 310053, China
| | - Fanfan Yang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hang Zhou 310053, China
| | - Mengying Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hang Zhou 310053, China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hang Zhou 310053, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hang Zhou 310053, China.
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2
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Lv J, Ibrahim YS, Yumashev A, Hjazi A, Faraz A, Alnajar MJ, Qasim MT, Ghildiyal P, Hussein Zwamel A, Fakri Mustafa Y. A comprehensive immunobiology review of IBD: With a specific glance to Th22 lymphocytes development, biology, function, and role in IBD. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112486. [PMID: 38901239 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The two primary forms of inflammatory disorders of the small intestine andcolon that make up inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). While ulcerative colitis primarily affects the colon and the rectum, CD affects the small and large intestines, as well as the esophagus,mouth, anus, andstomach. Although the etiology of IBD is not completely clear, and there are many unknowns about it, the development, progression, and recurrence of IBD are significantly influenced by the activity of immune system cells, particularly lymphocytes, given that the disease is primarily caused by the immune system stimulation and activation against gastrointestinal (GI) tract components due to the inflammation caused by environmental factors such as viral or bacterial infections, etc. in genetically predisposed individuals. Maintaining homeostasis and the integrity of the mucosal barrier are critical in stopping the development of IBD. Specific immune system cells and the quantity of secretory mucus and microbiome are vital in maintaining this stability. Th22 cells are helper T lymphocyte subtypes that are particularly important for maintaining the integrity and equilibrium of the mucosal barrier. This review discusses the most recent research on these cells' biology, function, and evolution and their involvement in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Yousif Saleh Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Fallujah, Fallujah, Iraq
| | - Alexey Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Faraz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Maytham T Qasim
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Aldiwaniyah, Aldiwaniyah, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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3
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Singh A, Beaupre M, Villegas-Novoa C, Shiomitsu K, Gaudino SJ, Tawch S, Damle R, Kempen C, Choudhury B, McAleer JP, Sheridan BS, Denoya P, Blumberg RS, Hearing P, Allbritton NL, Kumar P. IL-22 promotes mucin-type O-glycosylation and MATH1 + cell-mediated amelioration of intestinal inflammation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114206. [PMID: 38733584 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The interleukin (IL)-22 cytokine can be protective or inflammatory in the intestine. It is unclear if IL-22 receptor (IL-22Ra1)-mediated protection involves a specific type of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC). By using a range of IEC type-specific Il22Ra1 conditional knockout mice and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model, we demonstrate that IL-22Ra1 signaling in MATH1+ cells (goblet and progenitor cells) is essential for maintaining the mucosal barrier and intestinal tissue regeneration. The IL-22Ra1 signaling in IECs promotes mucin core-2 O-glycan extension and induces beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5 (B3GALT5) expression in the colon. Adenovirus-mediated expression of B3galt5 is sufficient to rescue Il22Ra1IEC mice from DSS colitis. Additionally, we observe a reduction in the expression of B3GALT5 and the Tn antigen, which indicates defective mucin O-glycan, in the colon tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis. Lastly, IL-22Ra1 signaling in MATH1+ progenitor cells promotes organoid regeneration after DSS injury. Our findings suggest that IL-22-dependent protective responses involve O-glycan modification, proliferation, and differentiation in MATH1+ progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Michael Beaupre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - Kiyoshi Shiomitsu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Stephen J Gaudino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Suzanne Tawch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Ruhee Damle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Cody Kempen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Biswa Choudhury
- GlycoAnalytics Core, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jeremy P McAleer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Brian S Sheridan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Paula Denoya
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick Hearing
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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4
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Didriksen BJ, Eshleman EM, Alenghat T. Epithelial regulation of microbiota-immune cell dynamics. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:303-313. [PMID: 38428738 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian gastrointestinal tract hosts a diverse community of trillions of microorganisms, collectively termed the microbiota, which play a fundamental role in regulating tissue physiology and immunity. Recent studies have sought to dissect the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating communication between the microbiota and host immune system. Epithelial cells line the intestine and form an initial barrier separating the microbiota from underlying immune cells, and disruption of epithelial function has been associated with various conditions ranging from infection to inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer. From several studies, it is now clear that epithelial cells integrate signals from commensal microbes. Importantly, these non-hematopoietic cells also direct regulatory mechanisms that instruct the recruitment and function of microbiota-sensitive immune cells. In this review, we discuss the central role that has emerged for epithelial cells in orchestrating intestinal immunity and highlight epithelial pathways through which the microbiota can calibrate tissue-intrinsic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey J Didriksen
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Emily M Eshleman
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
| | - Theresa Alenghat
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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5
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Gaudino SJ, Singh A, Huang H, Padiadpu J, Jean-Pierre M, Kempen C, Bahadur T, Shiomitsu K, Blumberg R, Shroyer KR, Beyaz S, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A, Kumar P. Intestinal IL-22RA1 signaling regulates intrinsic and systemic lipid and glucose metabolism to alleviate obesity-associated disorders. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1597. [PMID: 38383607 PMCID: PMC10881576 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-22 is critical for ameliorating obesity-induced metabolic disorders. However, it is unknown where IL-22 acts to mediate these outcomes. Here we examine the importance of tissue-specific IL-22RA1 signaling in mediating long-term high fat diet (HFD) driven metabolic disorders. To do so, we generated intestinal epithelium-, liver-, and white adipose tissue (WAT)-specific Il22ra1 knockout and littermate control mice. Intestinal epithelium- and liver-specific IL-22RA1 signaling upregulated systemic glucose metabolism. Intestinal IL-22RA1 signaling also mediated liver and WAT metabolism in a microbiota-dependent manner. We identified an association between Oscillibacter and elevated WAT inflammation, likely induced by Mmp12 expressing macrophages. Mechanistically, transcription of intestinal lipid metabolism genes is regulated by IL-22 and potentially IL-22-induced IL-18. Lastly, we show that Paneth cell-specific IL-22RA1 signaling, in part, mediates systemic glucose metabolism after HFD. Overall, these results elucidate a key role of intestinal epithelium-specific IL-22RA1 signaling in regulating intestinal metabolism and alleviating systemic obesity-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Gaudino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ankita Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Huakang Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jyothi Padiadpu
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Makheni Jean-Pierre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Cody Kempen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Tej Bahadur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kiyoshi Shiomitsu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Richard Blumberg
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Semir Beyaz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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6
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Israelson H, Vedsted-Jakobsen A, Zhu L, Gagnaire A, von Münchow A, Polakovicova N, Valente AH, Raza A, Andersen-Civil AIS, Olsen JE, Myhill LJ, Geldhof P, Williams AR. Diet composition drives tissue-specific intensity of murine enteric infections. mBio 2024; 15:e0260323. [PMID: 38179939 PMCID: PMC10865784 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02603-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet composition plays a large role in regulating gut health and enteric infection. In particular, synthetic "Western-style" diets may predispose to disease, while whole-grain diets containing high levels of crude fiber are thought to promote gut health. Here, we show that, in contrast to this paradigm, mice fed with unrefined chow are significantly more susceptible to infection with Trichuris muris, a caecum-dwelling nematode, than mice fed with refined, semi-synthetic diets (SSDs). Moreover, mice fed with SSD supplemented with inulin, a fermentable fiber, developed chronic T. muris burdens, whereas mice fed with SSD efficiently cleared the infection. Diet composition significantly impacted infection-induced changes in the host gut microbiome. Mice infected with the bacterium Citrobacter rodentium were also more susceptible to pathogen colonization when fed with either chow or inulin-enriched SSD. However, transcriptomic analysis of tissues from mice fed with either SSD or inulin-enriched SSD revealed that, in contrast to T. muris, increased C. rodentium infection appeared to be independent of the host immune response. Accordingly, exogenous treatment with interleukin (IL)-25 reduced T. muris burdens in inulin-fed mice, whereas IL-22 treatment was unable to restore resistance to C. rodentium colonization. Diet-mediated effects on pathogen burden were more pronounced for large intestine-dwelling pathogens, as effects on small the intestinal helminth (Heligmosomoides polygyrus) were less evident, and protozoan (Giardia muris) infection burdens were equivalent in mice fed with chow, inulin-enriched SSD, or SSD, despite higher cyst excretion in chow-fed mice. Collectively, our results point to a tissue- and pathogen-restricted effect of dietary fiber levels on enteric infection intensity.IMPORTANCEEnteric infections induce dysbiosis and inflammation and are a major public health burden. As the gut environment is strongly shaped by diet, the role of different dietary components in promoting resistance to infection is of interest. While diets rich in fiber or whole grain are normally associated with improved gut health, we show here that these components predispose the host to higher levels of pathogen infection. Thus, our results have significance for interpreting how different dietary interventions may impact on gastrointestinal infections. Moreover, our results may shed light on our understanding of how gut flora and mucosal immune function is influenced by the food that we eat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Israelson
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Amalie Vedsted-Jakobsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Aurelie Gagnaire
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Alexandra von Münchow
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Nina Polakovicova
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Angela H. Valente
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Audrey I. S. Andersen-Civil
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - John E. Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Laura J. Myhill
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Peter Geldhof
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Andrew R. Williams
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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7
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Pardy RD, Wallbank BA, Striepen B, Hunter CA. Immunity to Cryptosporidium: insights into principles of enteric responses to infection. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:142-155. [PMID: 37697084 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00932-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parasites replicate within intestinal epithelial cells and are an important cause of diarrhoeal disease in young children and in patients with primary and acquired defects in T cell function. This Review of immune-mediated control of Cryptosporidium highlights advances in understanding how intestinal epithelial cells detect this infection, the induction of innate resistance and the processes required for activation of T cell responses that promote parasite control. The development of a genetic tool set to modify Cryptosporidium combined with tractable mouse models provide new opportunities to understand the principles that govern the interface between intestinal epithelial cells and the immune system that mediate resistance to enteric pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Pardy
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bethan A Wallbank
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Boris Striepen
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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8
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Yamazaki F, Kobayashi K, Mochizuki J, Sashihara T. Interleukin-22 enhanced the mucosal barrier and inhibited the invasion of Salmonella enterica in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived small intestinal epithelial cells. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2024; 371:fnae006. [PMID: 38268488 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived small intestinal epithelial cell (hiPSC-SIEC) monolayers are useful in vitro models for evaluating the gut mucosal barrier; however, their reactivity to cytokines, which are closely related to the regulation of mucosal barrier function, remains unclear. Interleukin (IL)-22 is a cytokine that contributes to regulate the mucosal barrier in the intestinal epithelia. Using microarray and gene set enrichment analysis, we found that hiPSC-SIEC monolayers activate the immune response and enhance the mucosal barrier in response to IL-22. Moreover, hiPSC-SIEC monolayers induced the gene expression of antimicrobials, including the regenerating islet-derived protein 3 family. Furthermore, IL-22 stimulation upregulated Mucin 2 secretion and gene expression of an enzyme that modifies sugar chains, suggesting alteration of the state of the mucus layer of hiPSC-SIEC monolayers. To evaluate its physiological significance, we measured the protective activity against Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica infection in hiPSC-SIEC monolayers and found that prestimulation with IL-22 reduced the number of viable intracellular bacteria. Collectively, these results suggest that hiPSC-SIEC monolayers enhance the mucosal barrier and inhibit infection by pathogenic bacteria in response to IL-22, as previously reported. These results can contribute to the further application of hiPSC-SIECs in evaluating mucosal barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuka Yamazaki
- Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Kobayashi
- Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - Junko Mochizuki
- Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sashihara
- Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
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9
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Landy E, Carol H, Ring A, Canna S. Biological and clinical roles of IL-18 in inflammatory diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024; 20:33-47. [PMID: 38081945 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01053-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Several new discoveries have revived interest in the pathogenic potential and possible clinical roles of IL-18. IL-18 is an IL-1 family cytokine with potent ability to induce IFNγ production. However, basic investigations and now clinical observations suggest a more complex picture. Unique aspects of IL-18 biology at the levels of transcription, activation, secretion, neutralization, receptor distribution and signalling help to explain its pleiotropic roles in mucosal and systemic inflammation. Blood biomarker studies reveal a cytokine for which profound elevation, associated with detectable 'free IL-18', defines a group of autoinflammatory diseases in which IL-18 dysregulation can be a primary driving feature, the so-called 'IL-18opathies'. This impressive specificity might accelerate diagnoses and identify patients amenable to therapeutic IL-18 blockade. Pathogenically, human and animal studies identify a preferential activation of CD8+ T cells over other IL-18-responsive lymphocytes. IL-18 agonist treatments that leverage the site of production or subversion of endogenous IL-18 inhibition show promise in augmenting immune responses to cancer. Thus, the unique aspects of IL-18 biology are finally beginning to have clinical impact in precision diagnostics, disease monitoring and targeted treatment of inflammatory and malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Landy
- Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hallie Carol
- Division of Rheumatology and Immune Dysregulation Program, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Ring
- Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott Canna
- Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Division of Rheumatology and Immune Dysregulation Program, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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10
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Mao X, Shen J. Potential roles of enteric glial cells in Crohn's disease: A critical review. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13536. [PMID: 37551711 PMCID: PMC10771111 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteric glial cells in the enteric nervous system are critical for the regulation of gastrointestinal homeostasis. Increasing evidence suggests two-way communication between enteric glial cells and both enteric neurons and immune cells. These interactions may be important in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), a chronic relapsing disease characterized by a dysregulated immune response. Structural abnormalities in glial cells have been identified in CD. Furthermore, classical inflammatory pathways associated with CD (e.g., the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway) function in enteric glial cells. However, the specific mechanisms by which enteric glial cells contribute to CD have not been summarized in detail. In this review, we describe the possible roles of enteric glial cells in the pathogenesis of CD, including the roles of glia-immune interactions, neuronal modulation, neural plasticity, and barrier integrity. Additionally, the implications for the development of therapeutic strategies for CD based on enteric glial cell-mediated pathogenic processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Mao
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyBaoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMinistry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive DiseaseShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyBaoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMinistry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive DiseaseShanghaiChina
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11
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Paudel D, Nair DVT, Tian S, Hao F, Goand UK, Joseph G, Prodes E, Chai Z, Robert CE, Chassaing B, Patterson AD, Singh V. Dietary fiber guar gum-induced shift in gut microbiota metabolism and intestinal immune activity enhances susceptibility to colonic inflammation. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2341457. [PMID: 38630030 PMCID: PMC11028019 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2341457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
With an increasing interest in dietary fibers (DFs) to promote intestinal health and the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, there is a continued rise in the incorporation of refined DFs in processed foods. It is still unclear how refined fibers, such as guar gum, affect the gut microbiota activity and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our study elucidated the effect and underlying mechanisms of guar gum, a fermentable DF (FDF) commonly present in a wide range of processed foods, on colitis development. We report that guar gum containing diet (GuD) increased the susceptibility to colonic inflammation. Specifically, GuD-fed group exhibited severe colitis upon dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration, as evidenced by reduced body weight, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and shortening of colon length compared to cellulose-fed control mice. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory markers in both serum [serum amyloid A (SAA), lipocalin 2 (Lcn2)] and colon (Lcn2) and extensive disruption of colonic architecture further affirmed that GuD-fed group exhibited more severe colitis than control group upon DSS intervention. Amelioration of colitis in GuD-fed group pre-treated with antibiotics suggest a vital role of intestinal microbiota in GuD-mediated exacerbation of intestinal inflammation. Gut microbiota composition and metabolite analysis in fecal and cecal contents, respectively, revealed that guar gum primarily enriches Actinobacteriota, specifically Bifidobacterium. Guar gum also altered multiple genera belonging to phyla Bacteroidota and Firmicutes. Such shift in gut microbiota composition favored luminal accumulation of intermediary metabolites succinate and lactate in the GuD-fed mice. Colonic IL-18 and tight junction markers were also decreased in the GuD-fed group. Importantly, GuD-fed mice pre-treated with recombinant IL-18 displayed attenuated colitis. Collectively, unfavorable changes in gut microbiota activity leading to luminal accumulation of lactate and succinate, reduced colonic IL-18, and compromised gut barrier function following guar gum feeding contributed to increased colitis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Paudel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Divek V. T. Nair
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Sangshan Tian
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Fuhua Hao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Umesh K. Goand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Grace Joseph
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Eleni Prodes
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Zhi Chai
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chloé E.M. Robert
- INSERM U1016, team “Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases”, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM U1306, Microbiome-Host Interaction group, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, team “Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases”, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM U1306, Microbiome-Host Interaction group, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Andrew D. Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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12
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Valle-Noguera A, Sancho-Temiño L, Castillo-González R, Villa-Gómez C, Gomez-Sánchez MJ, Ochoa-Ramos A, Yagüe-Fernández P, Soler Palacios B, Zorita V, Raposo-Ponce B, González-Granado JM, Aragonés J, Cruz-Adalia A. IL-18-induced HIF-1α in ILC3s ameliorates the inflammation of C. rodentium-induced colitis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113508. [PMID: 38019650 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are vital for defending tissue barriers from invading pathogens. Hypoxia influences the production of intestinal ILC3-derived cytokines by activating HIF. Yet, the mechanisms governing HIF-1α in ILC3s and other innate RORγt+ cells during in vivo infections are poorly understood. In our study, transgenic mice with specific Hif-1a gene inactivation in innate RORγt+ cells (RAG1KO HIF-1α▵Rorc) exhibit more severe colitis following Citrobacter rodentium infection, primarily due to the inability to upregulate IL-22. We find that HIF-1α▵Rorc mice have impaired IL-22 production in ILC3s, while non-ILC3 innate RORγt+ cells, also capable of producing IL-22, remain unaffected. Furthermore, we show that IL-18, induced by Toll-like receptor 2, selectively triggers IL-22 in ILC3s by transcriptionally upregulating HIF-1α, revealing an oxygen-independent regulatory pathway. Our results highlight that, during late-stage C. rodentium infection, IL-18 induction in the colon promotes IL-22 through HIF-1α in ILC3s, which is crucial for protection against this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Valle-Noguera
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Sancho-Temiño
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Castillo-González
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Villa-Gómez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Gomez-Sánchez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Ochoa-Ramos
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Blanca Soler Palacios
- Department of Immunology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Zorita
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José María González-Granado
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Aragonés
- Hospital Santa Cristina, Fundación de Investigación Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Cruz-Adalia
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Zhou X, Wang L, Wang Z, Zhu P, Chen Y, Yu C, Chen S, Xie Y. Impacts of Eimeria coinfection on growth performance, intestinal health and immune responses of broiler chickens. Vet Parasitol 2023; 322:110019. [PMID: 37666058 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria is one of the most severe chicken diseases and imposes huge economic losses to the poultry industry globally. Multi-Eimeria species coinfections are common with the most prevalent combination being mixtures of Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria tenella. Although detrimental impacts of either E. acervulina or E. tenella on chicken health are well recognized, no information is available regarding their coinfection effects so far. This study was designed to investigate the influence of coinfection with E. acervulina and E. tenella on broiler chickens. 144 one-day-old broiler chickens within each of trials (trial I or II) were divided into four groups, namely, control group (CG), E. acervulina infection group (EAIG), E. tenella infection group (ETIG) and dual (E. acervulina and E. tenella) infection group (DIG). Then, chickens were measured for weight loss, lesion scores, oocyst outputs, histological changes and expressions of pro-inflammatory (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8 and IL-18), regulatory (IL-10 and IL-22) cytokines and Toll-like receptors (TLR; TLR2 and TLR4) as well as intestinal barrier (mucin 2 [MUC2] and fattey acid-bingding proteins 2 and 6 [FABP2 and FABP6])- and tight junction (TJ; zonula occluden-1 [ZO-1], occludin [OCLN], and claudins 1 and 5 [CLDN1 and CLDN5])-related proteins at 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days post-infection, respectively. Our results consistently showed that although ETIG and DIG exhibited a higher level of weight loss and a more amount of oocyst excretion than EAIG, DIG had lighter lesions than EAIG in the early phase because of coinfection with E. tenella. A higher (P < 0.05) ratio of duodenal villous height to crypt depth was also observed in DIG than EAIG. Moreover, histological changes in the duodenum and cecum varied by single and dual Eimeria infections. Expressions of the intestinal barrier- and TJ-related genes of EAIG, ETIG and DIG were significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated but their levels exhibited differential changes among infected chickens. Similarly, the infected chickens showed significant (P < 0.05) inflammatory responses and higher (P < 0.05) expressions of TLRs in the intestines in comparison to CG. These results presented a comprehensive physiological, pathological and immunological characterization of E. acervulina and E. tenella coinfection in broiler chickens and also shed insights into pathogenesis of multi-coccidia coinfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lidan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pengchen Zhu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chunlin Yu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yue Xie
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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14
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Sheng W, Ji G, Zhang L. Immunomodulatory effects of inulin and its intestinal metabolites. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224092. [PMID: 37638034 PMCID: PMC10449545 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
"Dietary fiber" (DF) refers to a type of carbohydrate that cannot be digested fully. DF is not an essential nutrient, but it plays an important part in enhancing digestive capacity and maintaining intestinal health. Therefore, DF supplementation in the daily diet is highly recommended. Inulin is a soluble DF, and commonly added to foods. Recently, several studies have found that dietary supplementation of inulin can improve metabolic function and regulate intestinal immunity. Inulin is fermented in the colon by the gut microbiota and a series of metabolites is generated. Among these metabolites, short-chain fatty acids provide energy to intestinal epithelial cells and participate in regulating the differentiation of immune cells. Inulin and its intestinal metabolites contribute to host immunity. This review summarizes the effect of inulin and its metabolites on intestinal immunity, and the underlying mechanisms of inulin in preventing diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, and certain cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Guo Y, Liu Y, Rui B, Lei Z, Ning X, Liu Y, Li M. Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in intestinal mucosal immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171680. [PMID: 37304260 PMCID: PMC10249960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal mucosa is colonized by thousands of microorganisms, which participate in a variety of physiological functions. Intestinal dysbiosis is closely associated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which include NK cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s and LTi cells, are a type of innate immune cells. They are enriched in the mucosal tissues of the body, and have recently received extensive attention. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play important roles in various intestinal mucosal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), allergic disease, and cancer. Therefore, studies on ILCs and their interaction with the gut microbiota have great clinical significance owing to their potential for identifying pharmacotherapy targets for multiple related diseases. This review expounds on the progress in research on ILCs differentiation and development, the biological functions of the intestinal microbiota, and its interaction with ILCs in disease conditions in order to provide novel ideas for disease treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Li
- *Correspondence: Yinhui Liu, ; Ming Li,
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16
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Jakob MO, Spari D, Sànchez Taltavull D, Salm L, Yilmaz B, Doucet Ladevèze R, Mooser C, Pereyra D, Ouyang Y, Schmidt T, Mattiola I, Starlinger P, Stroka D, Tschan F, Candinas D, Gasteiger G, Klose CSN, Diefenbach A, Gomez de Agüero M, Beldi G. ILC3s restrict the dissemination of intestinal bacteria to safeguard liver regeneration after surgery. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112269. [PMID: 36933213 PMCID: PMC10066576 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is generally believed that environmental or cutaneous bacteria are the main origin of surgical infections. Therefore, measures to prevent postoperative infections focus on optimizing hygiene and improving asepsis and antisepsis. In a large cohort of patients with infections following major surgery, we identified that the causative bacteria are mainly of intestinal origin. Postoperative infections of intestinal origin were also found in mice undergoing partial hepatectomy. CCR6+ group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) limited systemic bacterial spread. Such bulwark function against host invasion required the production of interleukin-22 (IL-22), which controlled the expression of antimicrobial peptides in hepatocytes, thereby limiting bacterial spread. Using genetic loss-of-function experiments and punctual depletion of ILCs, we demonstrate that the failure to restrict intestinal commensals by ILC3s results in impaired liver regeneration. Our data emphasize the importance of endogenous intestinal bacteria as a source for postoperative infection and indicate ILC3s as potential new targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel O Jakob
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Daniel Spari
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Sànchez Taltavull
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lilian Salm
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bahtiyar Yilmaz
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rémi Doucet Ladevèze
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Versbacherst 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Mooser
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Pereyra
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ye Ouyang
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Versbacherst 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Schmidt
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Versbacherst 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Irene Mattiola
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Starlinger
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Deborah Stroka
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Tschan
- Institute for Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Candinas
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georg Gasteiger
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Versbacherst 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph S N Klose
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mercedes Gomez de Agüero
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Versbacherst 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Guido Beldi
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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17
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Bastos-Amador P, Duarte EL, Torres J, Caldeira AT, Silva I, Salvador C, Assunção R, Alvito P, Ferreira M. Maternal dietary exposure to mycotoxin aflatoxin B 1 promotes intestinal immune alterations and microbiota modifications increasing infection susceptibility in mouse offspring. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113596. [PMID: 36603704 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi occurring in food that are toxic to animals and humans. Early-life mycotoxins exposure has been linked to diverse pathologies. However, how maternal exposure to mycotoxins impacts on the intestinal barrier function of progeny has not been explored. Here, exposure of pregnant and lactating C57Bl/6J female mice to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1; 400 μg/kg body weight/day; 3 times a week) in gelatine pellets, from embryonic day (E)11.5 until weaning (postnatal day 21), led to gut immunological changes in progeny. The results showed an overall increase of lymphocyte number in intestine, a reduction of expression of epithelial genes related to microbial defence, as well as a decrease in cytokine production by intestinal type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). While susceptibility to chemically induced colitis was not worsened, immune alterations were associated with changes in gut microbiota and with a higher vulnerability to infection by the protozoan Eimeria vermiformis at early-life. Together these results show that maternal dietary exposure to AFB1 can dampen intestinal barrier homeostasis in offspring decreasing their capability to tackle intestinal pathogens. These data provide insights to understand AFB1 potential harmfulness in early-life health in the context of intestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bastos-Amador
- Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal; Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elsa Leclerc Duarte
- University of Évora, School of Science and Technology, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal; MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Júlio Torres
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Inês Silva
- University of Évora, School of Science and Technology, 7000-671, Évora, Portugal; MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal; HERCULES Laboratory, Universidade de Évora, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Cátia Salvador
- HERCULES Laboratory, Universidade de Évora, 7000-809, Évora, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Assunção
- IUEM, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829 - 511, Caparica, Portugal; University of Aveiro, CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula Alvito
- Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal; University of Aveiro, CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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18
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Cheng L, Rahman SU, Gong HY, Mi RS, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Qin JL, Yin CC, Qian M, Chen ZG. Transcriptome analysis of a newly established mouse model of Toxoplasma gondii pneumonia. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:59. [PMID: 36755348 PMCID: PMC9906971 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii infection of the lungs can lead to severe pneumonia. However, few studies have reported Toxoplasma pneumonia. Most reports were clinical cases due to the lack of a good disease model. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms, development, and pathological damage of Toxoplasma pneumonia remain unclear. METHODS A mouse model of Toxoplasma pneumonia was established by nasal infection with T. gondii. The model was evaluated using survival statistics, lung morphological observation, and lung pathology examination by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Evans blue staining at 5 days post-infection (dpi). Total RNA was extracted from the lung tissues of C57BL/6 mice infected with T. gondii RH and TGME49 strains at 5 dpi. Total RNA was subjected to transcriptome analysis by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validation. Transcript enrichment analysis was performed using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases to assess the biological relevance of differentially expressed transcripts (DETs). RESULTS C57BL/6 mice infected with T. gondii via nasal delivery exhibited weight loss, ruffled fur, and respiratory crackles at 5 dpi. The clinical manifestations and lethality of RH strains were more evident than those of TGME49. H&E staining of lung tissue sections from mice infected with T. gondii at 5 dpi showed severe lymphocytic infiltration, pulmonary edema, and typical symptoms of pneumonia. We identified 3167 DETs and 1880 DETs in mice infected with the T. gondii RH and TGME49 strains, respectively, compared with the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control group at 5 dpi. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of DETs showed that they were associated with the immune system and microbial infections. The innate immune, inflammatory signaling, cytokine-mediated signaling, and chemokine signaling pathways displayed high gene enrichment. CONCLUSION In this study, we developed a new mouse model for Toxoplasma pneumonia. Transcriptome analysis helped to better understand the molecular mechanisms of the disease. These results provided DETs during acute T. gondii lung infection, which expanded our knowledge of host immune defenses and the pathogenesis of Toxoplasma pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China ,grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Sajid Ur Rahman
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Hai-Yan Gong
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Rong-Sheng Mi
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Yan Huang
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Ju-Liang Qin
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Cong Yin
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhao-Guo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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19
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Zhang Q, Su X, Zhang C, Chen W, Wang Y, Yang X, Liu D, Zhang Y, Yang R. Klebsiella pneumoniae Induces Inflammatory Bowel Disease Through Caspase-11-Mediated IL18 in the Gut Epithelial Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:613-632. [PMID: 36436756 PMCID: PMC9871440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Klebsiella pneumoniae (KLP), a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, is a common cause of antimicrobial-resistant opportunistic infections in hospitalized patients. KLP can colonize in the human gastrointestinal tract, especially in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. However, effects of KLP on the onset and development of inflammatory bowel disease remain unclear. METHODS We analyzed the relationship between Mayo indexes of ulcerative colitis and KLP using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and endoscopy. Using caspase-1/11-/-, NLRP3-/-, NLRC4-/-, interleukin (IL)18-/-, and IL22-/- mice, we showed that KLP could induce colitis through caspase-11-mediated release of mature IL18. Through in vitro gut organoid culture, we determined the mechanism for KLP to induce colitis. RESULTS We first found that there was a positive relationship between the Mayo indexes of ulcerative colitis and KLP. Then, we isolated a strain of KLP, named Klebsiella pneumoniae J (KLPJ), from the colon tissues of patients with colitis. This strain of bacteria could induce the production of mature IL18 in colon epithelial cells and gut organoids, and also induce colitis and promote dextran sodium sulfate-mediated colitis. Using caspase-1/11-/-, NLRP3-/-, NLRC4-/-, IL18-/-, and IL22-/- mice, we showed that KLPJ-mediated colitis occurred through activation of caspase-11, and was dependent on IL18 and partly on IL22. Our data also showed that lipopolysaccharide from KLPJ could bind with caspase-11 to induce mature IL18 in mouse and human colon organoids. CONCLUSIONS KLPJ from the colon tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis can colonize the colon, activate caspase-11 inflammasomes, and contribute to intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjin Zhang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Su
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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20
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Li M, Wang Z, Jiang W, Lu Y, Zhang J. The role of group 3 innate lymphoid cell in intestinal disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171826. [PMID: 37122757 PMCID: PMC10140532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), a novel subpopulation of lymphocytes enriched in the intestinal mucosa, are currently considered as key sentinels in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis. ILC3s can secrete a series of cytokines such as IL-22 to eliminate intestinal luminal antigens, promote epithelial tissue repair and mucosal barrier integrity, and regulate intestinal immunity by integrating multiple signals from the environment and the host. However, ILC3 dysfunction may be associated with the development and progression of various diseases in the gut. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the role of ILC3 in intestinal diseases such as enteric infectious diseases, intestinal inflammation, and tumors, with a focus on recent research advances and discoveries to explore potential therapeutic targets.
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21
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Cable J, Lutolf MP, Fu J, Park SE, Apostolou A, Chen S, Song CJ, Spence JR, Liberali P, Lancaster M, Meier AB, Pek NMQ, Wells JM, Capeling MM, Uzquiano A, Musah S, Huch M, Gouti M, Hombrink P, Quadrato G, Urenda JP. Organoids as tools for fundamental discovery and translation-a Keystone Symposia report. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1518:196-208. [PMID: 36177906 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Complex three-dimensional in vitro organ-like models, or organoids, offer a unique biological tool with distinct advantages over two-dimensional cell culture systems, which can be too simplistic, and animal models, which can be too complex and may fail to recapitulate human physiology and pathology. Significant progress has been made in driving stem cells to differentiate into different organoid types, though several challenges remain. For example, many organoid models suffer from high heterogeneity, and it can be difficult to fully incorporate the complexity of in vivo tissue and organ development to faithfully reproduce human biology. Successfully addressing such limitations would increase the viability of organoids as models for drug development and preclinical testing. On April 3-6, 2022, experts in organoid development and biology convened at the Keystone Symposium "Organoids as Tools for Fundamental Discovery and Translation" to discuss recent advances and insights from this relatively new model system into human development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias P Lutolf
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences (SV) and School of Engineering (STI), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Science (SB), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering (ITB), Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sunghee Estelle Park
- Department of Bioengineering and NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Athanasia Apostolou
- Emulate Inc, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Cheng Jack Song
- Keck Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jason R Spence
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Prisca Liberali
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI) and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Anna B Meier
- First Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Min Qian Pek
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James M Wells
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology and Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Meghan M Capeling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ana Uzquiano
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samira Musah
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Biomolecular and Tissue Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mina Gouti
- Stem Cell Modelling of Development & Disease Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pleun Hombrink
- University Medical Center Utrecht and HUB Organoids, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Quadrato
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Urenda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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22
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Cannon AR, Shim EH, Kuprys PV, Choudhry MA. IL-22 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii mitigate alcohol-induced exacerbation of DSS-induced colitis. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1471-1484. [PMID: 35916052 PMCID: PMC9701151 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4a0122-068r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by cycles of active disease flare and inactive disease remission. During UC remission, IL-22 is up-regulated, acting as a hallmark of entrance into UC remission. Recently, we found that in our mouse model of binge alcohol and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, alcohol increases severity of UC pathology. In this study, we assessed not only whether alcohol influenced IL-22 expression and thereby perpetuates UC, but also whether recombinant IL-22 (rIL-22) or treatment with a probiotic could alleviate exacerbated symptoms of UC. Levels of large intestine IL-22 were significantly decreased ∼6.9-fold in DSS ethanol compared with DSS vehicle. Examination of lamina propria (LP) cells in the large intestine revealed IL-22+ γδ T cells in DSS vehicle-treated mice were significantly increased, while IL-22+ γδ T cells in DSS ethanol mice were unable to mount this IL-22 response. We administered rIL-22 and found it restored weight loss of DSS ethanol-treated mice. Colonic shortening and increased Enterobacteriaceae were also attenuated. Administration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii attenuated weight loss (p < 0.01), colon length (p < 0.001), mitigated increases in Enterobacteriaceae, increased levels of IL-22, and increased levels of p-STAT3 back to that of DSS vehicle group in DSS ethanol mice. In contrast, sole administration of L. delbrueckii supernatant was not sufficient to reduce UC exacerbation following alcohol. Our findings suggest L. delbrueckii contributes to repair mechanisms by increasing levels of IL-22, resulting in phosphorylation of STAT3, thus attenuating the alcohol-induced increases in intestinal damage after colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail R. Cannon
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Integrative Cell Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Esther H. Shim
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Paulius V. Kuprys
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Mashkoor A. Choudhry
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Integrative Cell Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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23
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Zhou J, Onodera S, Hu Y, Yu Q. Interleukin-22 Exerts Detrimental Effects on Salivary Gland Integrity and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112997. [PMID: 36361787 PMCID: PMC9655190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) affects epithelial tissue function and integrity in a context-dependent manner. IL-22 levels are elevated in salivary glands of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) patients, but its role in the pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear. The objective of this study is to elucidate the impact of IL-22 on salivary gland tissue integrity and function in murine models. We showed that IL-22 levels in sera and salivary glands increased progressively in female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, accompanying the development of SS. Administration of IL-22 to the submandibular glands of NOD mice prior to the disease onset reduced salivary secretion and induced caspase-3 activation in salivary gland tissues, which were accompanied by alterations in multiple genes controlling tissue integrity and inflammation. Similarly, IL-22 administration to submandibular glands of C57BL/6 mice also induced hyposalivation and caspase-3 activation, whereas blockade of endogenous IL-22 in C57BL/6 mice treated with anti-CD3 antibody mitigated hyposalivation and caspase-3 activation. Finally, IL-22 treatment reduced the number of viable C57BL/6 mouse submandibular gland epithelial cells cultured in vitro, indicating a direct impact of this cytokine on these cells. We conclude that IL-22 exerts a detrimental impact on salivary gland tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shoko Onodera
- The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda Misaki-chou, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Yang Hu
- The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-892-8310
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24
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Sardinha-Silva A, Alves-Ferreira EVC, Grigg ME. Intestinal immune responses to commensal and pathogenic protozoa. Front Immunol 2022; 13:963723. [PMID: 36211380 PMCID: PMC9533738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical barrier of the intestine and associated mucosal immunity maintains a delicate homeostatic balance between the host and the external environment by regulating immune responses to commensals, as well as functioning as the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Understanding the orchestration and characteristics of the intestinal mucosal immune response during commensal or pathological conditions may provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying microbe-induced immunological tolerance, protection, and/or pathogenesis. Over the last decade, our knowledge about the interface between the host intestinal mucosa and the gut microbiome has been dominated by studies focused on bacterial communities, helminth parasites, and intestinal viruses. In contrast, specifically how commensal and pathogenic protozoa regulate intestinal immunity is less well studied. In this review, we provide an overview of mucosal immune responses induced by intestinal protozoa, with a major focus on the role of different cell types and immune mediators triggered by commensal (Blastocystis spp. and Tritrichomonas spp.) and pathogenic (Toxoplasma gondii, Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum) protozoa. We will discuss how these various protozoa modulate innate and adaptive immune responses induced in experimental models of infection that benefit or harm the host.
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25
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Snyder LM, Belmares-Ortega J, Doherty CM, Denkers EY. Impact of MyD88, Microbiota, and Location on Type 1 and Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells during Toxoplasma gondii Infection. Immunohorizons 2022; 6:660-670. [PMID: 36096673 PMCID: PMC10994198 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii induces strong IFN-γ-based immunity. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC), in particular ILC1, are an important innate source of this protective cytokine during infection. Our objective was to determine how MyD88-dependent signaling influences ILC function during peroral compared with i.p. infection with T. gondii. MyD88 +/+ and MyD88 -/- mice were orally inoculated with ME49 cysts, and small intestinal lamina propria ILC were assessed using flow cytometry. We observed T-bet+ ILC1, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt+ ILC3, and a population of T-bet+retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt+ double-positive ILC. In MyD88 -/- mice, IFN-γ-producing T-bet+ ILC1 frequencies were reduced compared with wild-type. Treatment of MyD88 -/- mice with an antibiotic mixture to deplete microflora reduced IFN-γ+ ILC1 frequencies. To examine ILC responses outside of the mucosal immune system, peritoneal exudate cells were collected from wild-type and knockout mice after i.p. inoculation with ME49 cysts. In this compartment, ILC were highly polarized to the ILC1 subset that increased significantly and became highly positive for IFN-γ over the course of infection. Increased ILC1 was associated with expression of the Ki67 cell proliferation marker, and the response was driven by IL-12p40. In the absence of MyD88, IFN-γ expression by ILC1 was not maintained, but proliferation remained normal. Collectively, these data reveal new aspects of ILC function that are influenced by location of infection and shaped further by MyD88-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Snyder
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Jessica Belmares-Ortega
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Claire M Doherty
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Eric Y Denkers
- Center for Evolutionary & Theoretical Immunology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
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26
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Jowett GM, Read E, Roberts LB, Coman D, Vilà González M, Zabinski T, Niazi U, Reis R, Trieu TJ, Danovi D, Gentleman E, Vallier L, Curtis MA, Lord GM, Neves JF. Organoids capture tissue-specific innate lymphoid cell development in mice and humans. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111281. [PMID: 36044863 PMCID: PMC9638027 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoid-based models of murine and human innate lymphoid cell precursor (ILCP) maturation are presented. First, murine intestinal and pulmonary organoids are harnessed to demonstrate that the epithelial niche is sufficient to drive tissue-specific maturation of all innate lymphoid cell (ILC) groups in parallel, without requiring subset-specific cytokine supplementation. Then, more complex human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based gut and lung organoid models are used to demonstrate that human epithelial cells recapitulate maturation of ILC from a stringent systemic human ILCP population, but only when the organoid-associated stromal cells are depleted. These systems offer versatile and reductionist models to dissect the impact of environmental and mucosal niche cues on ILC maturation. In the future, these could provide insight into how ILC activity and development might become dysregulated in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine M Jowett
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Wellcome Trust Cell Therapies and Regenerative Medicine Ph.D. Programme, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Emily Read
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Luke B Roberts
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Diana Coman
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Marta Vilà González
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tomasz Zabinski
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Umar Niazi
- Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre Translational Bioinformatics Platform, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Rita Reis
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Tung-Jui Trieu
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Davide Danovi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; bit.bio, Babraham Research Campus, The Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Cambridge CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael A Curtis
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Graham M Lord
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Joana F Neves
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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27
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Xie M, Zhang M, Dai M, Yue S, Li Z, Qiu J, Lu C, Xu W. IL-18/IL-18R Signaling Is Dispensable for ILC Development But Constrains the Growth of ILCP/ILCs. Front Immunol 2022; 13:923424. [PMID: 35874724 PMCID: PMC9304618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.923424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) develop from ILC progenitors in the bone marrow. Various ILC precursors (ILCPs) with different ILC subset lineage potentials have been identified based on the expression of cell surface markers and ILC-associated key transcription factor reporter genes. This study characterized an interleukin (IL)-7Rα+IL-18Rα+ ILC progenitor population in the mouse bone marrow with multi-ILC lineage potential on the clonal level. Single-cell gene expression analysis revealed the heterogeneity of this population and identified several subpopulations with specific ILC subset-biased gene expression profiles. The role of IL-18 signaling in the regulation of IL-18Rα+ ILC progenitors and ILC development was further investigated using Il18- and Il18r1-deficient mice, in vitro differentiation assay, and adoptive transfer model. IL-18/IL-18R-mediated signal was found to not be required for early stages of ILC development. While Il18r1-/- lymphoid progenitors were able to generate all ILC subsets in vitro and in vivo like the wild-type counterpart, increased IL-18 level, as often occurred during infection or under stress, suppressed the growth of ILCP/ILC in an IL-18Ra-dependent manner via inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Xie
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingying Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Yue
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju Qiu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenqi Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Xu, ; Chenqi Lu,
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Xu, ; Chenqi Lu,
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28
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Cao Q, Mertens RT, Sivanathan KN, Cai X, Xiao P. Macrophage orchestration of epithelial and stromal cell homeostasis in the intestine. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:313-331. [PMID: 35593111 PMCID: PMC9543232 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ru0322-176r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a complex ecosystem where numerous cell types of epithelial, immune, neuronal, and endothelial origin coexist in an intertwined, highly organized manner. The functional equilibrium of the intestine relies heavily on the proper crosstalk and cooperation among each cell population. Furthermore, macrophages are versatile, innate immune cells that participate widely in the modulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling. Emerging evidence suggest that macrophages are central in orchestrating tissue homeostasis. Herein, we describe how macrophages interact with epithelial cells, neurons, and other types of mesenchymal cells under the context of intestinal inflammation, followed by the therapeutic implications of cellular crosstalk pertaining to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Randall Tyler Mertens
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kisha Nandini Sivanathan
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuechun Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Churchill MJ, Mitchell PS, Rauch I. Epithelial Pyroptosis in Host Defense. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167278. [PMID: 34627788 PMCID: PMC10010195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a lytic form of cell death that is executed by a family of pore-forming proteins called gasdermins (GSDMs). GSDMs are activated upon proteolysis by host proteases including the proinflammatory caspases downstream of inflammasome activation. In myeloid cells, GSDM pore formation serves two primary functions in host defense: the selective release of processed cytokines to initiate inflammatory responses, and cell death, which eliminates a replicative niche of the pathogen. Barrier epithelia also undergo pyroptosis. However, unique mechanisms are required for the removal of pyroptotic epithelial cells to maintain epithelial barrier integrity. In the following review, we discuss the role of epithelial inflammasomes and pyroptosis in host defense against pathogens. We use the well-established role of inflammasomes in intestinal epithelia to highlight principles of epithelial pyroptosis in host defense of barrier tissues, and discuss how these principles might be shared or distinctive across other epithelial sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline J Churchill
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Isabella Rauch
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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30
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Chiang HY, Lu HH, Sudhakar JN, Chen YW, Shih NS, Weng YT, Shui JW. IL-22 initiates an IL-18-dependent epithelial response circuit to enforce intestinal host defence. Nat Commun 2022; 13:874. [PMID: 35169117 PMCID: PMC8847568 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-18 is emerging as an IL-22-induced and epithelium-derived cytokine which contributes to host defence against intestinal infection and inflammation. In contrast to its known role in Goblet cells, regulation of barrier function at the molecular level by IL-18 is much less explored. Here we show that IL-18 is a bona fide IL-22-regulated gate keeper for intestinal epithelial barrier. IL-22 promotes crypt immunity both via induction of phospho-Stat3 binding to the Il-18 gene promoter and via Il-18 independent mechanisms. In organoid culture, while IL-22 primarily increases organoid size and inhibits expression of stem cell genes, IL-18 preferentially promotes organoid budding and induces signature genes of Lgr5+ stem cells via Akt-Tcf4 signalling. During adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) infection, systemic administration of IL-18 corrects compromised T-cell IFNγ production and restores Lysozyme+ Paneth cells in Il-22-/- mice, but IL-22 administration fails to restore these parameters in Il-18-/- mice, thereby placing IL-22-Stat3 signalling upstream of the IL-18-mediated barrier defence function. IL-18 in return regulates Stat3-mediated anti-microbial response in Paneth cells, Akt-Tcf4-triggered expansion of Lgr5+ stem cells to facilitate tissue repair, and AIEC clearance by promoting IFNγ+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yu Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Han Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Shin Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Wen Shui
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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31
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Gullicksrud JA, Sateriale A, Englies JB, Gibson A, Shaw S, Hutchins ZA, Martin L, Christian DA, Taylor GA, Yamamoto M, Beiting DP, Striepen B, Hunter CA. Enterocyte-innate lymphoid cell crosstalk drives early IFN-γ-mediated control of Cryptosporidium. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:362-372. [PMID: 34750455 PMCID: PMC8881313 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal parasite, Cryptosporidium, is a major contributor to global child mortality and causes opportunistic infection in immune deficient individuals. Innate resistance to Cryptosporidium, which specifically invades enterocytes, is dependent on the production of IFN-γ, yet whether enterocytes contribute to parasite control is poorly understood. In this study, utilizing a mouse-adapted strain of C. parvum, we show that epithelial-derived IL-18 synergized with IL-12 to stimulate innate lymphoid cell (ILC) production of IFN-γ required for early parasite control. The loss of IFN-γ-mediated STAT1 signaling in enterocytes, but not dendritic cells or macrophages, antagonized early parasite control. Transcriptional profiling of enterocytes from infected mice identified an IFN-γ signature and enrichment of the anti-microbial effectors IDO, GBP, and IRG. Deletion experiments identified a role for Irgm1/m3 in parasite control. Thus, enterocytes promote ILC production of IFN-γ that acts on enterocytes to restrict the growth of Cryptosporidium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi A. Gullicksrud
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Adam Sateriale
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America.,Current: The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Julie B. Englies
- Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, United States of America
| | - Alexis Gibson
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Sebastian Shaw
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Zachary A. Hutchins
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America.,Current: Jill Robests Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, United States of America
| | - Lindsay Martin
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - David A. Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Taylor
- Departments of Medicine; Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; and Immunology; and Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daniel P. Beiting
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Boris Striepen
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
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32
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Harel M, Fauteux-Daniel S, Girard-Guyonvarc'h C, Gabay C. Balance between Interleukin-18 and Interleukin-18 binding protein in auto-inflammatory diseases. Cytokine 2022; 150:155781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and nonspecific intestinal inflammatory condition with high relapse rate. Its pathogenesis has been linked to dysbacteriosis, genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, a new type of lymphocytes, termed innate lymphoid cells, has been described and classified into three subtypes of innate lymphoid cells-group 1, group 2 and group 3. An imbalance among these subsets' interaction with gut microbiome, and other immune cells affects intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Understanding the role of innate lymphoid cells may provide ideas for developing novel and targeted approaches for treatment of IBD.
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34
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Chen H, Sun L, Feng L, Yin Y, Zhang W. Role of Innate lymphoid Cells in Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:855197. [PMID: 35574038 PMCID: PMC9091334 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.855197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a growing chronic metabolic disease, greatly increases the risk of metabolic syndrome which includes type 2 diabetes, fatty liver and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity-associated metabolic diseases significantly contribute to mortality and reduce life expectancy. Recently, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have emerged as crucial regulators of metabolic homeostasis and tissue inflammation. This review focuses on the roles of ILCs in different metabolic tissues, including adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, and intestine. We briefly outline the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. We then discuss how ILCs in distinct metabolic organs may function to maintain metabolic homeostasis and contribute to obesity and its associated metabolic diseases. The potential of ILCs as the therapeutic target for obesity and insulin resistance is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weizhen Zhang, ; Yue Yin,
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Weizhen Zhang, ; Yue Yin,
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35
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Korchagina AA, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Response to Intracellular Pathogens: Protection Versus Immunopathology. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:775554. [PMID: 34938670 PMCID: PMC8685334 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.775554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a heterogeneous group of cytokine-producing lymphocytes which are predominantly located at mucosal barrier surfaces, such as skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. ILCs contribute to tissue homeostasis, regulate microbiota-derived signals, and protect against mucosal pathogens. ILCs are classified into five major groups by their developmental origin and distinct cytokine production. A recently emerged intriguing feature of ILCs is their ability to alter their phenotype and function in response to changing local environmental cues such as pathogen invasion. Once the pathogen crosses host barriers, ILCs quickly activate cytokine production to limit the spread of the pathogen. However, the dysregulated ILC responses can lead to tissue inflammation and damage. Furthermore, the interplay between ILCs and other immune cell types shapes the outcome of the immune response. Recent studies highlighted the important role of ILCs for host defense against intracellular pathogens. Here, we review recent advances in understanding the mechanisms controlling protective and pathogenic ILC responses to intracellular pathogens. This knowledge can help develop new ILC-targeted strategies to control infectious diseases and immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Korchagina
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ekaterina Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alexei V Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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36
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Wu D, Poholek CH, Majumder S, Liu Q, Revu SK, Mohib K, Rothstein DM, McGeachy MJ. IL-17-dependent fibroblastic reticular cell training boosts tissue protective mucosal immunity through IL-10-producing B cells. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eaao3669. [PMID: 34919443 PMCID: PMC8818277 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aao3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Prior experience of pathogen-associated stimuli reduces morbidity and mortality to newly encountered infections through innate immune training, which can be enhanced by childhood vaccination. Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are stromal cells in lymphoid organs that support lymphocyte localization and survival and modulate adaptive immune responses. IL-17 signaling is important for FRC metabolism and proliferation during inflammatory responses. Here, we show that FRC-intrinsic IL-17 signaling was required for protective antibody-mediated immunity to the gut bacterial pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. We asked whether prior activation of FRC through nonspecific inflammatory “training” of the gut would alter subsequent immune response to C. rodentium. Inflammatory training increased the number of activated FRC in mesenteric LN (MLN) and enhanced the antibody response to C. rodentium in an IL-17–dependent manner. FRC demonstrated cardinal features of innate immune training, including increased epigenetic markers of activation and increased metabolic response to infection. Enhanced responses were still evident 6 weeks after training. The kinetics of bacterial infection were not changed by inflammatory training, but colon inflammation was paradoxically reduced. Mechanistically, IL-10 production by activated B cells was required for colon protective effects of inflammatory training. Enhancing tissue protective B cell responses thus led to increased production of antibody and IL-10, allowing clearance of infection with reduced tissue inflammation. These data identify a new mode of immune training through FRC to modulate future adaptive responses and better preserve host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Catherine H Poholek
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Saikat Majumder
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Qixing Liu
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing, China
| | - Shankar K Revu
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Kanishka Mohib
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - David M Rothstein
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Mandy J McGeachy
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
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37
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Thomas JM, Ling YH, Huuskes B, Jelinic M, Sharma P, Saini N, Ferens DM, Diep H, Krishnan SM, Kemp-Harper BK, O'Connor PM, Latz E, Arumugam TV, Guzik TJ, Hickey MJ, Mansell A, Sobey CG, Vinh A, Drummond GR. IL-18 (Interleukin-18) Produced by Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Promotes Renal Inflammation and Injury During Deoxycorticosterone/Salt-Induced Hypertension in Mice. Hypertension 2021; 78:1296-1309. [PMID: 34488433 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
IL-18 (interleukin-18) is elevated in hypertensive patients, but its contribution to high blood pressure and end-organ damage is unknown. We examined the role of IL-18 in the development of renal inflammation and injury in a mouse model of low-renin hypertension. Hypertension was induced in male C57BL6/J (WT) and IL-18−/− mice by uninephrectomy, deoxycorticosterone acetate (2.4 mg/d, s.c.) and 0.9% drinking saline (1K/DOCA/salt). Normotensive controls received uninephrectomy and placebo (1K/placebo). Blood pressure was measured via tail cuff or radiotelemetry. After 21 days, kidneys were harvested for (immuno)histochemical, quantitative-PCR and flow cytometric analyses of fibrosis, inflammation, and immune cell infiltration. 1K/DOCA/salt-treated WT mice developed hypertension, renal fibrosis, upregulation of proinflammatory genes, and accumulation of CD3+ T cells in the kidneys. They also displayed increased expression of IL-18 on tubular epithelial cells. IL-18−/− mice were profoundly protected from hypertension, renal fibrosis, and inflammation. Bone marrow transplantation between WT and IL-18−/− mice revealed that IL-18-deficiency in non-bone marrow-derived cells alone afforded equivalent protection against hypertension and renal injury as global IL-18 deficiency. IL-18 receptor subunits—interleukin-18 receptor 1 and IL-18R accessory protein—were upregulated in kidneys of 1K/DOCA/salt-treated WT mice and localized to T cells and tubular epithelial cells. T cells from kidneys of 1K/DOCA/salt-treated mice produced interferon-γ upon ex vivo stimulation with IL-18, whereas those from 1K/placebo mice did not. In conclusion, IL-18 production by tubular epithelial cells contributes to elevated blood pressure, renal inflammation, and fibrosis in 1K/DOCA/salt-treated mice, highlighting it as a promising therapeutic target for hypertension and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn M Thomas
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Yeong H Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia (Y.H.L., D.M.F., S.M.K., B.K.K.-H.)
| | - Brooke Huuskes
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Maria Jelinic
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Prerna Sharma
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Narbada Saini
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Dorota M Ferens
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia (Y.H.L., D.M.F., S.M.K., B.K.K.-H.)
| | - Henry Diep
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Shalini M Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia (Y.H.L., D.M.F., S.M.K., B.K.K.-H.)
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia (Y.H.L., D.M.F., S.M.K., B.K.K.-H.)
| | - Paul M O'Connor
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (P.M.O.)
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Germany (E.L.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany (E.L.)
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland (T.J.G.)
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (T.J.G.)
| | - Michael J Hickey
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Australia (M.J.H.)
| | - Ashley Mansell
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia (A.M.)
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, Australia (C.G.S., G.R.D.)
| | - Antony Vinh
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (J.M.T., B.M.H., M.J., P.S., N.S., H.D., T.V.A., C.G.S., A.V., G.R.D.)
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, Australia (C.G.S., G.R.D.)
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38
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Zhao S, Zhu L, Feng W, Zhang L, Chen DD, Hu YC, Shen H. MicroRNA-602 prevents the development of inflammatory bowel diseases in a microbiota-dependent manner. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1373. [PMID: 34659519 PMCID: PMC8515559 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic disorders occurring in the intestinal tract. Previous studies demonstrated that genetics and microbiota play critical roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. Discoveries of genes that may regulate the homeostasis of gut microbiota and pathogenesis of IBD have the potential to provide new therapeutic targets for IBD treatment. The results suggested that the expression level of microRNA (miR)-602 is negatively related to the development of IBD, and that miR-602 overexpression in mice may prevent inflammation and intestinal barrier injuries in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD mice. It was also found that the microbiota is important for miR-602-mediated prevention of IBD, as the inhibitory effect of miR-602 was lost when the microbiota was depleted using antibiotics. Furthermore, co-housing or adoptive transfer of microbiota from miR-602 could attenuate the pathogenesis of IBD. In addition, it was demonstrated that miR-602 could target tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) in intestinal epithelial cells. Collectively, the present results suggest that miR-602 plays a protective role in DSS-induced IBD by targeting TRAF6 in a microbiota-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wan Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Cui Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Kidess E, Kleerebezem M, Brugman S. Colonizing Microbes, IL-10 and IL-22: Keeping the Peace at the Mucosal Surface. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:729053. [PMID: 34603258 PMCID: PMC8484919 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.729053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our world is filled with microbes. Each multicellular organism has developed ways to interact with this microbial environment. Microbes do not always pose a threat; they can contribute to many processes that benefit the host. Upon colonization both host and microbes adapt resulting in dynamic ecosystems in different host niches. Regulatory processes develop within the host to prevent overt inflammation to beneficial microbes, yet keeping the possibility to respond when pathogens attempt to adhere and invade tissues. This review will focus on microbial colonization and the early (innate) host immune response, with special emphasis on the microbiota-modifying roles of IL-10 and IL-22 in the intestine. IL-10 knock out mice show an altered microbial composition, and spontaneously develop enterocolitis over time. IL-22 knock out mice, although not developing enterocolitis spontaneously, also have an altered microbial composition and increase of epithelial-adherent bacteria, mainly caused by a decrease in mucin and anti-microbial peptide production. Recently interesting links have been found between the IL-10 and IL-22 pathways. While IL-22 can function as a regulatory cytokine at the mucosal surface, it also has inflammatory roles depending on the context. For example, lack of IL-22 in the IL-10–/– mice model prevents spontaneous colitis development. Additionally, the reduced microbial diversity observed in IL-10–/– mice was also reversed in IL-10/IL-22 double mutant mice (Gunasekera et al., 2020). Since in early life, host immunity develops in parallel and in interaction with colonizing microbes, there is a need for future studies that focus on the effect of the timing of colonization in relation to the developmental phase of the host. To illustrate this, examples from zebrafish research will be compared with studies performed in mammals. Since zebrafish develop from eggs and are directly exposed to the outside microbial world, timing of the development of host immunity and subsequent control of microbial composition, is different from mammals that develop in utero and only get exposed after birth. Likewise, colonization studies using adult germfree mice might yield different results from those using neonatal germfree mice. Lastly, special emphasis will be given to the need for host genotype and environmental (co-housing) control of experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Kidess
- Animal Sciences Group, Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Animal Sciences Group, Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Animal Sciences Group, Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Jafarzadeh A, Marzban H, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs in immune thrombocytopenia. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1315-1325. [PMID: 34498489 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years the critical role of miRNAs has been established in many diseases, including autoimmune disorders. Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is a predominant autoimmune disease, in which aberrant expression of miRNAs has been observed, suggesting that miRNAs are involved in its development. miRNAs could induce an imbalance in the T helper (Th)1/Th2 cell and Th17/Treg cell-related responses. Moreover, they could also cause alterations in Th9 and Th22 cell responses, and activate Tfh (T follicular helper) cell-dependent auto-reactive B cells, thus influencing megakaryogenesis. Herein, we summarize the role of immune-related miRNAs in ITP pathogenesis, and look forward to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 7718175911, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Havva Marzban
- Department of Pathology & Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), 31975/148 Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 77181/75911, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Hematology & Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 13131- 99137, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, 2028 Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry & Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, 87159-88141, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, 87159-88141, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417613151, Tehran, Iran
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Schnepf D, Hernandez P, Mahlakõiv T, Crotta S, Sullender ME, Peterson ST, Ohnemus A, Michiels C, Gentle I, Dumoutier L, Reis CA, Diefenbach A, Wack A, Baldridge MT, Staeheli P. Rotavirus susceptibility of antibiotic-treated mice ascribed to diminished expression of interleukin-22. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247738. [PMID: 34383769 PMCID: PMC8360596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal microbiota regulates susceptibility to enteric pathogens by fine-tuning mucosal innate immune responses, but how susceptibility to enteric viruses is shaped by the microbiota remains incompletely understood. Past reports have indicated that commensal bacteria may either promote or repress rotavirus replication in the small intestine of mice. We now report that rotavirus replicated more efficiently in the intestines of germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice compared to animals with an unmodified microbiota. Antibiotic treatment also facilitated rotavirus replication in type I and type III interferon (IFN) receptor-deficient mice, revealing IFN-independent proviral effects. Expression of interleukin-22 (IL-22) was strongly diminished in the intestine of antibiotic-treated mice. Treatment with exogenous IL-22 blocked rotavirus replication in microbiota-depleted wild-type and Stat1-/- mice, demonstrating that the antiviral effect of IL-22 in animals with altered microbiome is not dependent on IFN signaling. In antibiotic-treated animals, IL-22-induced a specific set of genes including Fut2, encoding fucosyl-transferase 2 that participates in the biosynthesis of fucosylated glycans which can mediate rotavirus binding. Interestingly, IL-22 also blocked rotavirus replication in antibiotic-treated Fut2-/- mice. Furthermore, IL-22 inhibited rotavirus replication in antibiotic-treated mice lacking key molecules of the necroptosis or pyroptosis pathways of programmed cell death. Taken together, our results demonstrate that IL-22 determines rotavirus susceptibility of antibiotic-treated mice, yet the IL-22-induced effector molecules conferring rotavirus resistance remain elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schnepf
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pedro Hernandez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, Development and Homeostasis of Mucosal Tissues Group, Paris, France
| | - Tanel Mahlakõiv
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefania Crotta
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Meagan E. Sullender
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Stefan T. Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Annette Ohnemus
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Camille Michiels
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ian Gentle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Celso A. Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Megan T. Baldridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Peter Staeheli
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Fu Z, Dean JW, Xiong L, Dougherty MW, Oliff KN, Chen ZME, Jobin C, Garrett TJ, Zhou L. Mitochondrial transcription factor A in RORγt + lymphocytes regulate small intestine homeostasis and metabolism. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4462. [PMID: 34294718 PMCID: PMC8298438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RORγt+ lymphocytes, including interleukin 17 (IL-17)-producing gamma delta T (γδT17) cells, T helper 17 (Th17) cells, and group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), are important immune regulators. Compared to Th17 cells and ILC3s, γδT17 cell metabolism and its role in tissue homeostasis remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the tissue milieu shapes splenic and intestinal γδT17 cell gene signatures. Conditional deletion of mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) in RORγt+ lymphocytes significantly affects systemic γδT17 cell maintenance and reduces ILC3s without affecting Th17 cells in the gut. In vivo deletion of Tfam in RORγt+ lymphocytes, especially in γδT17 cells, results in small intestine tissue remodeling and increases small intestine length by enhancing the type 2 immune responses in mice. Moreover, these mice show dysregulation of the small intestine transcriptome and metabolism with less body weight but enhanced anti-helminth immunity. IL-22, a cytokine produced by RORγt+ lymphocytes inhibits IL-13-induced tuft cell differentiation in vitro, and suppresses the tuft cell-type 2 immune circuit and small intestine lengthening in vivo, highlighting its key role in gut tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joseph W Dean
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lifeng Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Kristen N Oliff
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zong-Ming E Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Saez A, Gomez-Bris R, Herrero-Fernandez B, Mingorance C, Rius C, Gonzalez-Granado JM. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Intestinal Homeostasis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147618. [PMID: 34299236 PMCID: PMC8307624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous state of chronic intestinal inflammation of unknown cause encompassing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD has been linked to genetic and environmental factors, microbiota dysbiosis, exacerbated innate and adaptive immunity and epithelial intestinal barrier dysfunction. IBD is classically associated with gut accumulation of proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells accompanied by insufficient Treg numbers and Tr1 immune suppression. Inflammatory T cells guide innate cells to perpetuate a constant hypersensitivity to microbial antigens, tissue injury and chronic intestinal inflammation. Recent studies of intestinal mucosal homeostasis and IBD suggest involvement of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). These lymphoid-origin cells are innate counterparts of T cells but lack the antigen receptors expressed on B and T cells. ILCs play important roles in the first line of antimicrobial defense and contribute to organ development, tissue protection and regeneration, and mucosal homeostasis by maintaining the balance between antipathogen immunity and commensal tolerance. Intestinal homeostasis requires strict regulation of the quantity and activity of local ILC subpopulations. Recent studies demonstrated that changes to ILCs during IBD contribute to disease development. A better understanding of ILC behavior in gastrointestinal homeostasis and inflammation will provide valuable insights into new approaches to IBD treatment. This review summarizes recent research into ILCs in intestinal homeostasis and the latest advances in the understanding of the role of ILCs in IBD, with particular emphasis on the interaction between microbiota and ILC populations and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Saez
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.S.); (R.G.-B.); (B.H.-F.); (C.M.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Gomez-Bris
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.S.); (R.G.-B.); (B.H.-F.); (C.M.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Herrero-Fernandez
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.S.); (R.G.-B.); (B.H.-F.); (C.M.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Mingorance
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.S.); (R.G.-B.); (B.H.-F.); (C.M.)
| | - Cristina Rius
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid (UEM), Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M. Gonzalez-Granado
- LamImSys Lab, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.S.); (R.G.-B.); (B.H.-F.); (C.M.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913908766
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Mandour M, Chen S, van de Sande MGH. The Role of the IL-23/IL-17 Axis in Disease Initiation in Spondyloarthritis: Lessons Learned From Animal Models. Front Immunol 2021; 12:618581. [PMID: 34267743 PMCID: PMC8276000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.618581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a spectrum of chronic inflammatory joint diseases that frequently presents with inflammation of the axial skeleton, peripheral joints, entheses, skin, and gut. Understanding SpA pathogenesis has been proven challenging due to the limited availability of human target tissues. In recent years, the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of SpA, in addition to the Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) cytokine. The underlying molecular mechanisms by which the IL-23/IL-17 pathway triggers disease initiation, both in the joints as well as at extra-musculoskeletal sites, are not precisely known. Animal models that resemble pathological features of human SpA have provided possibilities for in-depth molecular analyses of target tissues during various phases of the disease, including the pre-clinical initiation phase of the disease before arthritis and spondylitis are clinically present. Herein, we summarize recent insights gained in SpA animal models on the role of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway in immune activation across affected sites in SpA, which include the joint, entheses, gut and skin. We discuss how local activation of the IL-23/IL-17 axis may contribute to the development of tissue inflammation and the onset of clinically manifest SpA. The overall aim is to provide the reader with an overview of how the IL-23/IL-17 axis could contribute to the onset of SpA pathogenesis. We discuss how insights from animal studies into the initiation phase of disease could instruct validation studies in at-risk individuals and thereby provide a perspective for potential future preventive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mandour
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marleen G. H. van de Sande
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Clark JT, Christian DA, Gullicksrud JA, Perry JA, Park J, Jacquet M, Tarrant JC, Radaelli E, Silver J, Hunter CA. IL-33 promotes innate lymphoid cell-dependent IFN-γ production required for innate immunity to Toxoplasma gondii. eLife 2021; 10:e65614. [PMID: 33929319 PMCID: PMC8121546 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-33 is an alarmin required for resistance to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, but its role in innate resistance to this organism is unclear. Infection with T. gondii promotes increased stromal cell expression of IL-33, and levels of parasite replication correlate with release of IL-33 in affected tissues. In response to infection, a subset of innate lymphoid cells (ILC) emerges composed of IL-33R+ NK cells and ILC1s. In Rag1-/-mice, where NK cells and ILC1 production of IFN-γ mediate innate resistance to T. gondii, the loss of the IL-33R resulted in reduced ILC responses and increased parasite replication. Furthermore, administration of IL-33 to Rag1-/- mice resulted in a marked decrease in parasite burden, increased production of IFN-γ, and the recruitment and expansion of inflammatory monocytes associated with parasite control. These protective effects of exogenous IL-33 were dependent on endogenous IL-12p40 and the ability of IL-33 to enhance ILC production of IFN-γ. These results highlight that IL-33 synergizes with IL-12 to promote ILC-mediated resistance to T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Clark
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - David A Christian
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Jodi A Gullicksrud
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Joseph A Perry
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Jeongho Park
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Kangwon National University College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary ScienceChuncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Maxime Jacquet
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Liver Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - James C Tarrant
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Jonathan Silver
- Department of Respiratory Inflammation and Autoimmunity, AstraZenecaGaithersburgUnited States
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
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Th22 cells are efficiently recruited in the gut by CCL28 as an alternative to CCL20 but do not compensate for the loss of Th17 cells in treated HIV-1-infected individuals. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:219-228. [PMID: 32346082 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gut CD4+ T cells are incompletely restored in most HIV-1-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy, notably Th17 cells, a key subset in mucosal homeostasis. By contrast, gut Th22 cells are usually restored at normal frequencies. Th22 cells display a CCR6+CCR10+ phenotype and could thus respond to CCL20- and CCL28-mediated chemotaxis, while Th17 cells, which express CCR6 but not CCR10, depend on CCL20. Herein, we found that CCL28 is normally expressed by duodenal enterocytes of treated HIV-1-infected individuals, while CCL20 expression is blunted. Ex vivo, we showed that Th22 cells contribute to the reduction of CCL20 production by enterocytes through an IL-22- and IL-18-dependent mechanism. Th22 cells preferentially migrate via CCL20- rather than CCL28-mediated chemotaxis when both chemokines are available in the microenvironment. However, when the CCL20/CCL28 ratio drops, as in treated HIV-1-infected individuals, Th22 cells can migrate via the CCR10-CCL28 axis, as an alternative to CCR6-CCL20. This could explain the better reconstitution of gut Th22 compared with Th17 cells on antiretroviral therapy. Lastly, we assessed the relationships between the frequencies of gut Th17 and Th22 cells and inflammatory markers related to microbial translocation, and showed that Th22 cells do not compensate for the loss of Th17 cells in treated HIV-1-infected individuals.
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Hopkins EGD, Frankel G. Overview of the Effect of Citrobacter rodentium Infection on Host Metabolism and the Microbiota. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2291:399-418. [PMID: 33704766 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1339-9_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is a natural enteric mouse pathogen that models human intestinal diseases, such as pathogenic E. coli infections, ulcerative colitis, and colon cancer. Upon reaching the monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) lining the gut, a complex web of interactions between the host, the pathogen, and the microbiota ensues. A number of studies revealed surprisingly rapid changes in IEC bioenergetics upon infection, involving a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, leading to mucosal oxygenation and subsequent changes in microbiota composition. Microbiome studies have revealed a bloom in Enterobacteriaceae during C. rodentium infection in both resistant (i.e., C57BL/6) and susceptible (i.e., C3H/HeN) strains of mice concomitant with a depletion of butyrate-producing Clostridia. The emerging understanding that dysbiosis of cholesterol metabolism is induced by enteric infection further confirms the pivotal role immunometabolism plays in disease outcome. Inversely, the host and microbiota also impact upon the progression of infection, from the susceptibility of the distal colon to C. rodentium colonization to clearance of the pathogen, both via opsonization from the host adaptive immune system and out competition by the resident microbiota. Further complicating this compendium of interactions, C. rodentium exploits microbiota metabolites to fine-tune virulence gene expression and promote colonization. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of the myriad of pathogen-host-microbiota interactions that occur during the progression of C. rodentium infection in mice and the broader implications of these findings on our understanding of enteric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve G D Hopkins
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gad Frankel
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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48
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Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a large family of cells of the immune system that performs various functions in immune defense, inflammation, and tissue remodeling. As a part of the innate immune system, ILCs are a distinct form of lymphocytes different from T and B cells. ILCs can provide host defense against the source of infection and initiate the repair and remodeling processes to restore and maintain host body homeostasis. The number of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) worldwide has continued to increase in recent years and this disease has brought sickness and death to many families. Numerous studies have found that ILCs also undergo a series of alternations during the development of CD and contribute to this disease. Despite this, the pathogenesis of CD is still not fully explained. So, we keep researching and exploring. In this review, we have closely linked the latest progress on ILCs and CD, and introduced, in detail, the specific roles of four different types of ILCs in CD. We also describe new progress in the pathogenesis of CD, with particular emphasis on the plasticity of ILC3s in this disease. These new studies and findings may provide new insights and breakthrough points for the treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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49
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Transcriptional Regulation of Inflammasomes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218087. [PMID: 33138274 PMCID: PMC7663688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multimolecular complexes with potent inflammatory activity. As such, their activity is tightly regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In this review, we present the transcriptional regulation of inflammasome genes from sensors (e.g., NLRP3) to substrates (e.g., IL-1β). Lineage-determining transcription factors shape inflammasome responses in different cell types with profound consequences on the responsiveness to inflammasome-activating stimuli. Pro-inflammatory signals (sterile or microbial) have a key transcriptional impact on inflammasome genes, which is largely mediated by NF-κB and that translates into higher antimicrobial immune responses. Furthermore, diverse intrinsic (e.g., circadian clock, metabolites) or extrinsic (e.g., xenobiotics) signals are integrated by signal-dependent transcription factors and chromatin structure changes to modulate transcriptionally inflammasome responses. Finally, anti-inflammatory signals (e.g., IL-10) counterbalance inflammasome genes induction to limit deleterious inflammation. Transcriptional regulations thus appear as the first line of inflammasome regulation to raise the defense level in front of stress and infections but also to limit excessive or chronic inflammation.
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50
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Zhang Z, Zou J, Shi Z, Zhang B, Etienne-Mesmin L, Wang Y, Shi X, Shao F, Chassaing B, Gewirtz AT. IL-22-induced cell extrusion and IL-18-induced cell death prevent and cure rotavirus infection. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:eabd2876. [PMID: 33008915 PMCID: PMC7709835 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abd2876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial flagellin can elicit production of TLR5-mediated IL-22 and NLRC4-mediated IL-18 cytokines that act in concert to cure and prevent rotavirus (RV) infection. This study investigated the mechanism by which these cytokines act to impede RV. Although IL-18 and IL-22 induce each other's expression, we found that IL-18 and IL-22 both impeded RV independently of one another and did so by distinct mechanisms that involved activation of their cognate receptors in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). IL-22 drove IEC proliferation and migration toward villus tips, which resulted in increased extrusion of highly differentiated IEC that serve as the site of RV replication. In contrast, IL-18 induced cell death of RV-infected IEC thus directly interrupting the RV replication cycle, resulting in spewing of incompetent virus into the intestinal lumen and causing a rapid drop in the number of RV-infected IEC. Together, these actions resulted in rapid and complete expulsion of RV, even in hosts with severely compromised immune systems. These results suggest that a cocktail of IL-18 and IL-22 might be a means of treating viral infections that preferentially target short-lived epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Zhang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Jun Zou
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Zhenda Shi
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Benyue Zhang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yanling Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Xuyan Shi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Feng Shao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
- INSERM, U1016, team "Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases," Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Andrew T Gewirtz
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
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