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Quiroz A, Belledonne G, Saavedra F, González J, Busso D. Vitamin E supplementation prevents obesogenic diet-induced developmental abnormalities in SR-B1 deficient embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1460697. [PMID: 39445334 PMCID: PMC11496146 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1460697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genetic and environmental factors influence the risk of neural tube defects (NTD), congenital malformations characterized by abnormal brain and spine formation. Mouse embryos deficient in Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1 (SR-B1), which is involved in the bidirectional transfer of lipids between lipoproteins and cells, exhibit a high prevalence of exencephaly, preventable by maternal vitamin E supplementation. SR-B1 knock-out (KO) embryos are severely deficient in vitamin E and show elevated reactive oxygen species levels during neurulation. Methods We fed SR-B1 heterozygous female mice a high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet and evaluated the vitamin E and oxidative status in dams and embryos from heterozygous intercrosses. We also determined the incidence of NTD. Results and discussion HFHS-fed SR-B1 HET females exhibited altered glucose metabolism and excess circulating lipids, along with a higher incidence of embryos with developmental delay and NTD. Vitamin E supplementation partially mitigated HFHS-induced maternal metabolic abnormalities and completely prevented embryonic malformations, likely through indirect mechanisms involving the reduction of oxidative stress and improved lipid handling by the parietal yolk sac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Quiroz
- PhD Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Belledonne
- PhD Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fujiko Saavedra
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier González
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dolores Busso
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Santiago, Chile
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Radulescu D, Mihai FD, Trasca MET, Caluianu EI, Calafeteanu CDM, Radulescu PM, Mercut R, Ciupeanu-Calugaru ED, Marinescu GA, Siloşi CA, Nistor CCE, Danoiu S. Oxidative Stress in Military Missions-Impact and Management Strategies: A Narrative Analysis. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:567. [PMID: 38792589 PMCID: PMC11121804 DOI: 10.3390/life14050567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This narrative review comprehensively examines the impact of oxidative stress on military personnel, highlighting the crucial role of physical exercise and tailored diets, particularly the ketogenic diet, in minimizing this stress. Through a meticulous analysis of the recent literature, the study emphasizes how regular physical exercise not only enhances cardiovascular, cognitive, and musculoskeletal health but is also essential in neutralizing the effects of oxidative stress, thereby improving endurance and performance during long-term missions. Furthermore, the implementation of the ketogenic diet provides an efficient and consistent energy source through ketone bodies, tailored to the specific energy requirements of military activities, and significantly contributes to the reduction in reactive oxygen species production, thus protecting against cellular deterioration under extreme stress. The study also underlines the importance of integrating advanced technologies, such as wearable devices and smart sensors that allow for the precise and real-time monitoring of oxidative stress and physiological responses, thus facilitating the customization of training and nutritional regimes. Observations from this review emphasize significant variability among individuals in responses to oxidative stress, highlighting the need for a personalized approach in formulating intervention strategies. It is crucial to develop and implement well-monitored, personalized supplementation protocols to ensure that each member of the military personnel receives a regimen tailored to their specific needs, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of measures to combat oxidative stress. This analysis makes a valuable contribution to the specialized literature, proposing a detailed framework for addressing oxidative stress in the armed forces and opening new directions for future research with the aim of optimizing clinical practices and improving the health and performance of military personnel under stress and specific challenges of the military field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dumitru Radulescu
- Department of Surgery, The Military Emergency Clinical Hospital ‘Dr. Stefan Odobleja’ Craiova, 200749 Craiova, Romania; (D.R.); (E.-I.C.); (P.-M.R.); (G.-A.M.)
| | - Florina-Diana Mihai
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rares Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Major Emil-Tiberius Trasca
- Department of Surgery, The Military Emergency Clinical Hospital ‘Dr. Stefan Odobleja’ Craiova, 200749 Craiova, Romania; (D.R.); (E.-I.C.); (P.-M.R.); (G.-A.M.)
| | - Elena-Irina Caluianu
- Department of Surgery, The Military Emergency Clinical Hospital ‘Dr. Stefan Odobleja’ Craiova, 200749 Craiova, Romania; (D.R.); (E.-I.C.); (P.-M.R.); (G.-A.M.)
| | - Captain Dan Marian Calafeteanu
- Department of Ortopedics, The Military Emergency Clinical Hospital ‘Dr. Stefan Odobleja’ Craiova, 200749 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Patricia-Mihaela Radulescu
- Department of Surgery, The Military Emergency Clinical Hospital ‘Dr. Stefan Odobleja’ Craiova, 200749 Craiova, Romania; (D.R.); (E.-I.C.); (P.-M.R.); (G.-A.M.)
| | - Razvan Mercut
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | | | - Georgiana-Andreea Marinescu
- Department of Surgery, The Military Emergency Clinical Hospital ‘Dr. Stefan Odobleja’ Craiova, 200749 Craiova, Romania; (D.R.); (E.-I.C.); (P.-M.R.); (G.-A.M.)
| | - Cristian-Adrian Siloşi
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rares Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | | | - Suzana Danoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
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Papadopoulos GA, Lioliopoulou S, Nenadis N, Panitsidis I, Pyrka I, Kalogeropoulou AG, Symeon GK, Skaltsounis AL, Stathopoulos P, Stylianaki I, Galamatis D, Petridou A, Arsenos G, Giannenas I. Effects of Enriched-in-Oleuropein Olive Leaf Extract Dietary Supplementation on Egg Quality and Antioxidant Parameters in Laying Hens. Foods 2023; 12:4119. [PMID: 38002177 PMCID: PMC10670734 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an olive leaf extract obtained with an up-to-date laboratory method, when supplemented at different levels in laying hens' diets, on egg quality, egg yolk antioxidant parameters, fatty acid content, and liver pathology characteristics. Thus, 96 laying hens of the ISA-Brown breed were allocated to 48 experimental cages with two hens in each cage, resulting in 12 replicates per treatment. Treatments were: T1 (Control: basal diet); T2 (1% olive leaf extract); T3 (2.5% olive leaf extract); T4 (Positive control: 0.1% encapsulated oregano oil). Eggshell weight and thickness were improved in all treatments compared to the control, with T2 being significantly higher till the end of the experiment (p < 0.001). Egg yolk MDA content was lower for the T2 and T4 groups, while total phenol content and Haugh units were greater in the T2. The most improved fatty acid profile was the one of T3 yolks. The α-tocopherol yolk content was higher in all groups compared to T1. No effect was observed on cholesterol content at any treatment. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the inclusion of olive leaf extract at a concentration of 1% in the diet leads to enhancements in specific egg quality attributes, accompanied by an augmentation of the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Styliani Lioliopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Nikolaos Nenadis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.N.); (I.P.); (A.G.K.)
| | - Ioannis Panitsidis
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Ioanna Pyrka
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.N.); (I.P.); (A.G.K.)
| | - Aggeliki G. Kalogeropoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.N.); (I.P.); (A.G.K.)
| | - George K. Symeon
- Institute of Animal Science, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 58100 Giannitsa, Greece;
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.-L.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Panagiotis Stathopoulos
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.-L.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Ioanna Stylianaki
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Galamatis
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Anatoli Petridou
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Arsenos
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.P.); (I.G.)
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Pereira A, Adekunle RD, Zaman M, Wan MJ. Association Between Vitamin Deficiencies and Ophthalmological Conditions. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:2045-2062. [PMID: 37489231 PMCID: PMC10363387 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s401262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin deficiencies can have adverse effects on health, including on the visual system. The ocular manifestations of a vitamin deficiency are related to the underlying biochemical function of the particular nutrient. While vitamin deficiencies are not common in developed counties, they are still prevalent in parts of the developing world and in specific, vulnerable populations. Vitamin deficiencies can cause or contribute to many ophthalmological conditions and eye diseases may even be the first presenting finding of a vitamin deficiency. As such, it is important for ophthalmologists to be aware of the ocular manifestations of vitamin deficiencies, especially given that the complications can be severe and effectively treated if identified early. This review summarizes the literature on the main vitamins known to have characteristic ocular manifestations: vitamins A, B1, B2, B9, B12, C, D, E and K. The function, epidemiology, manifestations, workup, and management of each vitamin is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Pereira
- University of Toronto Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Damilola Adekunle
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Michele Zaman
- Queen’s School of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Wan
- University of Toronto Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Kiamiloglou D, Girousi S. Different Aspects of the Voltammetric Detection of Vitamins: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:651. [PMID: 37367016 PMCID: PMC10296722 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Vitamins comprise a group of organic chemical compounds that contribute significantly to the normal functioning of living organisms. Although they are biosynthesized in living organisms, some are also obtained from the diet to meet the needs of organisms, which is why they are characterized as essential chemical compounds. The lack, or low concentrations, of vitamins in the human body causes the development of metabolic dysfunctions, and for this reason their daily intake with food or as supplements, as well as the control of their levels, are necessary. The determination of vitamins is mainly accomplished by using analytical methods, such as chromatographic, spectroscopic, and spectrometric methods, while studies are carried out to develop new and faster methodologies and techniques for their analysis such as electroanalytical methods, the most common of which are voltammetry methods. In this work, a study is reported that was carried out on the determination of vitamins using both electroanalytical techniques, the common significant of which is the voltammetry technique that has been developed in recent years. Specifically, the present review presents a detailed bibliographic survey including, but not limited to, both electrode surfaces that have been modified with nanomaterials and serve as (bio)sensors as well as electrochemical detectors applied in the determination of vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stella Girousi
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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6
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Cobre AF, Surek M, Vilhena RO, Böger B, Fachi MM, Momade DR, Tonin FS, Sarti FM, Pontarolo R. Influence of foods and nutrients on COVID-19 recovery: A multivariate analysis of data from 170 countries using a generalized linear model. Clin Nutr 2022. [PMID: 33933299 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.3003.3018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS COVID-19 is an emergency public health problem of global importance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of foods and nutrients as complementary approaches on the recovery from COVID-19 in 170 countries, especially considering the complexity of the disease and the current scarcity of active treatments. METHODS A retrospective study was performed using the Kaggle database, which links the consumption of various foods with recovery from COVID-19 in 170 countries, using multivariate analysis based on a generalized linear model. RESULTS The results showed that certain foods had a positive effect on recovery from COVID-19: eggs, fish and seafood, fruits, meat, milk, starchy roots, stimulants, vegetable products, nuts, vegetable oil and vegetables. In general, consumption of higher levels of proteins and lipids had a positive effect on COVID-19 recovery, whereas high consumption of alcoholic beverages had a negative effect. In developed countries, where hunger had been eradicated, the effect of food on recovery from COVID-19 had a greater magnitude than in countries with a higher global hunger index (GHI), where there was almost no identifiable effect. CONCLUSION Several foods had a positive effect on COVID-19 recovery in developed countries, especially food groups with a higher content of lipids, proteins, antioxidants and micronutrients (e.g., selenium and zinc). In countries with extreme poverty (high GHI), foods presented little effect on recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre F Cobre
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Monica Surek
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Raquel O Vilhena
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Böger
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Fachi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Danilo R Momade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Flavia M Sarti
- Complex Systems Modelling Postgraduate Program, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
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7
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Cobre AF, Surek M, Vilhena RO, Böger B, Fachi MM, Momade DR, Tonin FS, Sarti FM, Pontarolo R. Influence of foods and nutrients on COVID-19 recovery: A multivariate analysis of data from 170 countries using a generalized linear model. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:3077-3084. [PMID: 33933299 PMCID: PMC7982641 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS COVID-19 is an emergency public health problem of global importance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of foods and nutrients as complementary approaches on the recovery from COVID-19 in 170 countries, especially considering the complexity of the disease and the current scarcity of active treatments. METHODS A retrospective study was performed using the Kaggle database, which links the consumption of various foods with recovery from COVID-19 in 170 countries, using multivariate analysis based on a generalized linear model. RESULTS The results showed that certain foods had a positive effect on recovery from COVID-19: eggs, fish and seafood, fruits, meat, milk, starchy roots, stimulants, vegetable products, nuts, vegetable oil and vegetables. In general, consumption of higher levels of proteins and lipids had a positive effect on COVID-19 recovery, whereas high consumption of alcoholic beverages had a negative effect. In developed countries, where hunger had been eradicated, the effect of food on recovery from COVID-19 had a greater magnitude than in countries with a higher global hunger index (GHI), where there was almost no identifiable effect. CONCLUSION Several foods had a positive effect on COVID-19 recovery in developed countries, especially food groups with a higher content of lipids, proteins, antioxidants and micronutrients (e.g., selenium and zinc). In countries with extreme poverty (high GHI), foods presented little effect on recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre F Cobre
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Monica Surek
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Raquel O Vilhena
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Böger
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Fachi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Danilo R Momade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Flavia M Sarti
- Complex Systems Modelling Postgraduate Program, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
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Wojdyło A, Turkiewicz IP, Tkacz K, Hernandez F. Fruit tree leaves as valuable new source of tocopherol and tocotrienol compounds. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1466-1474. [PMID: 34398983 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays it is highly important to find new, cheap and widely available sources of tocopherol and tocotrienol compounds, and leaves are promising unconventional sources. The main goal of this study was to extend the currently limited knowledge concerning tocopherol and tocotrienol isomers composition determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection analysis for various fruit tree leaves such as apple, pear, quince, apricot, peach, plum, sour cherry and sweet cherry. The leaves were collected 2 weeks after tree blooming and after fruit collection. Tocopherol and tocotrienol isomers were identified and quantified for the first time in all fruit tree leaves. RESULTS The total tocopherol content ranged from 203.34 to 260.86 μg g-1 dry weight for spring leaves and from 23.83 to 235.62 μg g-1 dry weight for autumn leaves and consisted mainly of α-tocopherol. The rest of the isomers of tocopherol and tocotrienols were also found, but in trace amounts. A significantly lower content of tocopherols and tocotrienols was detected in leaves after autumn collection of fruits compared to leaves collected after blooming. Among the analyzed leaves, time collected and species were significantly more important than their cultivars. Regarding quantification analysis, apricot > peach > > plums > apples leaves were identified as the best sources of tocopherols, and sweet and sour cherry leaves exhibited a lower content. CONCLUSION Fruit tree leaves are a novel significant source and good material for isolation of α-tocopherol for application in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals or in the food industry - for example, production of beverages or other functional foods. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Wojdyło
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Igor Piotr Turkiewicz
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Tkacz
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Francisca Hernandez
- Department of Plant Science and Microbiology, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
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9
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Ghosh S, Zhang S, Azam M, Gebregziabher BS, Abdelghany AM, Shaibu AS, Qi J, Feng Y, Agyenim-Boateng KG, Liu Y, Feng H, Li Y, Li J, Li B, Sun J. Natural Variation of Seed Tocopherol Composition in Diverse World Soybean Accessions from Maturity Group 0 to VI Grown in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:206. [PMID: 35050094 PMCID: PMC8779575 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tocopherols are natural antioxidants that increase the stability of fat-containing foods and are well known for their health benefits. To investigate the variation in seed tocopherol composition of soybeans from different origins, 493 soybean accessions from different countries (China, USA, Japan, and Russia) belonging to 7 maturity groups (MG 0-VI) were grown in 2 locations (Beijing and Hainan Provinces of China) for 2 years (2017 and 2018). The results showed that significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed among the accessions and origins for individual and total tocopherol contents. The total tocopherol content ranged from 118.92 μg g-1 to 344.02 μg g-1. Accessions from the USA had the highest average concentration of γ- and total tocopherols (152.92 and 238.21 μg g-1, respectively), whereas a higher level of α-tocopherol (12.82 μg g-1) was observed in the Russian accessions. The maturity group of the accession significantly (p < 0.001) influenced all tocopherol components, and higher levels of α-, γ-, and total tocopherols were observed in early maturing accessions, while late-maturing accessions exhibited higher levels of δ-tocopherol. The inclination of tocopherol concentrations with various MGs provided further evidence of the significance of MG in soybean breeding for seed tocopherol components. Furthermore, the correlation between the seed tocopherol components and geographical factors revealed that α-, γ-, and total tocopherols had significant positive correlations with latitude, while δ-tocopherol showed an opposite trend. The elite accessions with high and stable tocopherol concentrations determined could be used to develop functional foods, industrial materials, and breeding lines to improve tocopherol composition in soybean seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprio Ghosh
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Muhammad Azam
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Berhane S. Gebregziabher
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Crop Sciences Research Department, Mehoni Agricultural Research Center, Maichew 7020, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelghany
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Abdulwahab S. Shaibu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
- Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano 700001, Nigeria
| | - Jie Qi
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yue Feng
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Kwadwo Gyapong Agyenim-Boateng
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yitian Liu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Huoyi Feng
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Yecheng Li
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jing Li
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Bin Li
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junming Sun
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.A.); (B.S.G.); (A.M.A.); (A.S.S.); (J.Q.); (Y.F.); (K.G.A.-B.); (Y.L.); (H.F.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
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10
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Serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261259. [PMID: 34905558 PMCID: PMC8670689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin E has long been linked to skin health, including all of its possible functions in cosmetic products, to its roles in membrane integrity and even the aging process. However, reports on the relationship between serum vitamin E levels and the risk of chronic inflammatory skin diseases have been inconsistent. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Methods We searched the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, with no time limit up to 30.06.2021. Studies examining serum vitamin E levels in patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases were selected. Results Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria. Compared with controls, a lower vitamin E level was found in patients with vitiligo (SMD: -0.70, 95% CI: -1.21 to -0.19), psoriasis (SMD: -2.73, 95% CI: -3.57 to -1.18), atopic dermatitis (SMD: -1.08, 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.36) and acne (SMD: -0.67, 95% CI: -1.05 to -0.30). Conclusions Our meta-analysis showed that serum vitamin E levels were lower in patients suffering from vitiligo, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and acne. This study highlights the need to evaluate vitamin E status to improve its level in patients with skin diseases.
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11
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Abstract
Vitamin and mineral supplement consumption is widespread. They are taken for a variety of conditions, including dermatologic disorders. Although consumers often assume these supplements are safe, excessive consumption of supplements may have deleterious effects. Such vitamin supplements include vitamin A, niacin, biotin, vitamin D, and vitamin E, and specific mineral supplements include zinc, copper, and iron. These supplements may have a number of potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freidrich Anselmo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcia S Driscoll
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Vitamin A, acting through its metabolite, all-trans-retinoic acid, is a potent transcriptional regulator affecting expression levels of hundreds of genes through retinoic acid response elements present within these genes. However, the literature is replete with claims that consider vitamin A to be an antioxidant vitamin, like vitamins C and E. This apparent contradiction in the understanding of how vitamin A acts mechanistically within the body is a major focus of this review. Vitamin E, which is generally understood to act as a lipophilic antioxidant protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids present in membranes, is often proposed to be a transcriptional regulator. The evaluation of this claim is another focus of the review. We conclude that vitamin A is an indirect antioxidant, whose indirect function is to transcriptionally regulate a number of genes involved in mediating the body's canonical antioxidant responses. Vitamin E, in addition to being a direct antioxidant, prevents the increase of peroxidized lipids that alter both metabolic pathways and gene expression profiles within tissues and cells. However, there is little compelling evidence that vitamin E has a direct transcriptional mechanism like that of vitamin A. Thus, we propose that the term antioxidant not be applied to vitamin A, and we discourage the use of the term transcriptional mediator when discussing vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Blaner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Igor O Shmarakov
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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13
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Prevalence of Hypovitaminosis C and its Relationship with Frailty in Older Hospitalised Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062117. [PMID: 34203044 PMCID: PMC8235098 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is common in older hospitalised patients and may be associated with micronutrient malnutrition. Only limited studies have explored the relationship between frailty and vitamin C deficiency. This study investigated the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency and its association with frailty severity in patients ≥75 years admitted under a geriatric unit. Patients (n = 160) with a mean age of 84.4 ± 6.4 years were recruited and underwent frailty assessment by use of the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS). Patients with an EFS score <10 were classified as non-frail/vulnerable/mildly frail and those with ≥10 as moderate–severely frail. Patients with vitamin C levels between 11–28 μmol/L were classified as vitamin C depleted while those with levels <11 μmol/L were classified as vitamin C deficient. A multivariate logistic regression model determined the relationship between vitamin C deficiency and frailty severity after adjustment for various co-variates. Fifty-seven (35.6%) patients were vitamin C depleted, while 42 (26.3%) had vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C levels were significantly lower among patients who were moderate–severely frail when compared to those who were non-frail/vulnerable/mildly frail (p < 0.05). After adjusted analysis, vitamin C deficiency was 4.3-fold more likely to be associated with moderate–severe frailty (aOR 4.30, 95% CI 1.33-13.86, p = 0.015). Vitamin C deficiency is common and is associated with a greater severity of frailty in older hospitalised patients.
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14
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Busso D, David A, Penailillo R, Echeverría G, Rigotti A, Kovalskys I, Gómez G, Cortés Sanabria LY, Yépez García MC, Pareja RG, Herrera-Cuenca M, Fisberg M. Intake of Vitamin E and C in Women of Reproductive Age: Results from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS). Nutrients 2021; 13:1954. [PMID: 34200192 PMCID: PMC8229960 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E was identified as a lipophilic compound essential to maintain rat pregnancy. Low vitamin E intake during early pregnancy associates with congenital malformations and embryonic loss in animals and with miscarriage and intrauterine growth restriction in humans. Vitamin E protects cell membranes from lipoperoxidation and exerts non-antioxidant activities. Its function can be restored by vitamin C; thus, intake and circulating levels of both micronutrients are frequently analyzed together. Although substantial vitamin E inadequacy was reported worldwide, its consumption in Latin America (LatAm) is mostly unknown. Using data from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (Estudio Latinoamericano de Nutrición y Salud, ELANS), we evaluated vitamin E and C intake in women of reproductive age (WRA) from eight LatAm countries and identified their main food sources. Two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls in 3704 women aged from 15 to 49 years and living in urban locations showed low average intake of vitamin E (7.9 mg/day vs. estimated average requirement (EAR) of 12 mg/day) and adequate overall vitamin C consumption (95.5 mg/day vs. EAR of 60 mg/day). The mean regional inadequacy was 89.6% for vitamin E and 36.3% for vitamin C. The primary food sources of vitamin E were fats and oils, as well as vegetables. Vitamin C intake was explained mainly by the consumption of fruit juices, fruits, and vegetables. Combined deficient intake of both vitamins was observed in 33.7% of LatAm women. Although the implications of low antioxidant vitamins' consumption in WRA are still unclear, the combined deficient intake of both vitamins observed in one-third of ELANS participants underscores the need for further research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Busso
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Center, School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
| | - Andrea David
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (A.D.); (G.E.); (A.R.)
| | - Reyna Penailillo
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Center, School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
| | - Guadalupe Echeverría
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (A.D.); (G.E.); (A.R.)
- Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (A.D.); (G.E.); (A.R.)
- Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Carrera de Nutriciόn, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Catόlica Argentina, Buenos Aires C1059ABF, Argentina;
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 94088, Costa Rica;
| | | | | | | | - Marianella Herrera-Cuenca
- Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, Universidad Central de Venezuela (CENDES-UCV) and Fundación Bengoa, Caracas 1010, Venezuela;
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Instituto Pensi, Fundação Jose Luiz Egydio Setubal, Hospital Infantil Sabara, São Paulo 04023062, Brazil;
- Centro de Excelencia em Nutrição e Dificuldades Alimentaes (CENDA) Instituto Pensi, Fundação José Luiz Egydio Setubal, Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 01239040, Brazil
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15
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Kpewou DE, Mensah FO, Appiah CA, Alidu HW, Badii VS. Serum vitamin E deficiency among people living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy at Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07339. [PMID: 34222691 PMCID: PMC8243377 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E is a potent antioxidant that helps to counteract oxidative stress in the body. Oxidative stress is known to greatly affect people living with HIV (PLWH) through the stimulation of HIV replication and apoptosis of CD4+ T cells. There is however, a paucity of scientific data on the serum levels of vitamin E among PLWH in Ghana, and hence, there is a need to assess its level because of the pivotal role it plays in cell longevity determination and the immune system enhancement of such persons. This study aims to assess the serum levels of vitamin E among PLWH undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy at Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana. In a cross-sectional study, serum vitamin E levels of 103 randomly selected PLWH aged 24-88 years who attended an antiretroviral therapy clinic at the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana, were measured by following standard protocols. A 24-hour dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire were employed to assess dietary intake. The results show that a high level of serum vitamin E deficiency (82.5%) was observed among the participants. Majority (91.3%) of the participants had normal serum zinc status. Participants' serum vitamin E levels did not show significant correlation with their dietary intakes (correlation coefficient (ρ) = -0.094, p-value = 0.35). The prevalence of vitamin E deficiency among underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese participants was 91.7%, 75.4%, 86.5%, and 91.7% respectively with no significant difference among these groups. There was no significant correlation between serum vitamin E levels and HIV infection duration (ρ = 0.010, p-value = 0.405) and HAART duration (ρ = 0.001, p-value = 0.313). The low serum vitamin E levels found in this study suggests that the participants could potentially be at an increased risk of developing oxidative stress and its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Edem Kpewou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Faustina O. Mensah
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Collins A. Appiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Huseini Wiisibie Alidu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Vitus Sambo Badii
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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16
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Trujillo-Mayol I, Guerra-Valle M, Casas-Forero N, Sobral MMC, Viegas O, Alarcón-Enos J, Ferreira IM, Pinho O. Western Dietary Pattern Antioxidant Intakes and Oxidative Stress: Importance During the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Pandemic. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:670-681. [PMID: 33439972 PMCID: PMC7929475 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of balanced dietary habits, which include appropriate amounts of antioxidants to maintain the immune system, has become increasingly relevant during the current SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic, because viral infections are characterized by high oxidative stress. Furthermore, the measures taken by governments to control the pandemic have led to increased anxiety, stress, and depression, which affect physical and mental health, all of which are influenced by nutritional status, diet, and lifestyle. The Mediterranean diet (MD), Atlantic diet (AD), and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans all provide the essential vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds needed to activate enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant responses. However, viral pandemics such as the current COVID-19 crisis entail high oxidative damage caused by both the infection and the resultant social stresses within populations, which increases the probability and severity of infection. Balanced dietary patterns such as the MD and the AD are characterized by the consumption of fruit, vegetables, legumes, olive oil, and whole grains with low intakes of processed foods and red meat. For a healthy lifestyle in young adults, the MD in particular provides the required amount of antioxidants per day for vitamins D (0.3-3.8 μg), E (17.0 mg), C (137.2-269.8 mg), A (1273.3 μg), B-12 (1.5-2.0 μg), and folate (455.1-561.3 μg), the minerals Se (120.0 μg), Zn (11.0 mg), Fe (15.0-18.8 mg), and Mn (5.2-12.5 mg), and polyphenols (1171.00 mg) needed to maintain an active immune response. However, all of these diets are deficient in the recommended amount of vitamin D (20 μg/d). Therefore, vulnerable populations such as elders and obese individuals could benefit from antioxidant supplementation to improve their antioxidant response. Although evidence remains scarce, there is some indication that a healthy diet, along with supplemental antioxidant intake, is beneficial to COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Trujillo-Mayol
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - María Guerra-Valle
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Nidia Casas-Forero
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - M Madalena C Sobral
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga Viegas
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Julio Alarcón-Enos
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencia, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Isabel Mplvo Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olívia Pinho
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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17
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Hagely K, Konda AR, Kim JH, Cahoon EB, Bilyeu K. Molecular-assisted breeding for soybean with high oleic/low linolenic acid and elevated vitamin E in the seed oil. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2021; 41:3. [PMID: 37309527 PMCID: PMC10231563 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-020-01184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The uses of vegetable oils are determined by functional properties arising from their chemical composition. Soybean oil was previously used in margarines and baked foods after partial hydrogenation to achieve heat and oxidative stability. This process, however, generates trans fats that are now excluded from food use because of cardiovascular health risks. Also present in soybean oil are the anti-oxidant tocopherols, with α-tocopherol (vitamin E) typically present as a minor component compared to γ-tocopherol. Genetic improvement of the fatty acid profile and tocopherol profile is an attractive solution to increase the functional and health qualities of soybean oil. The objective of this research was to develop resources to directly select with molecular markers for the elevated vitamin E trait in soybean oil and to use a molecular breeding approach to combine elevated vitamin E with the high oleic/low linolenic acid seed oil trait that improves oil functionality and nutrition. New soybean germplasm was developed from the molecular breeding strategy that selected for alleles of six targeted genes. Seed oil from the novel soybean germplasm was confirmed to contain increased vitamin E α-tocopherol along with a high oleic acid/low linolenic acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Hagely
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Anji Reddy Konda
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - Jeong-Hwa Kim
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Edgar B. Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - Kristin Bilyeu
- USDA/ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
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18
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Traber MG. Brain-E, Does It Equate to Brainy? J Nutr 2020; 150:3049-3050. [PMID: 33096559 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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19
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Cavanagh KL, Kuminek G, Rodríguez-Hornedo N. Cocrystal Solubility Advantage and Dose/Solubility Ratio Diagrams: A Mechanistic Approach To Selecting Additives and Controlling Dissolution-Supersaturation-Precipitation Behavior. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4286-4301. [PMID: 32815731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two of the main questions regarding cocrystal selection and formulation development are whether the will be stable and how fast can it dissolve the drug dose. Dissolving the drug dose may require cocrystals with a high solubility advantage over drug (SA = SCC/SD), but these may have limited potential to sustain drug supersaturation. Thus, we propose a twofold approach to mitigate the risk of drug precipitation by optimizing thermodynamic (SA) and kinetic factors (nucleation inhibitors). This risk can be evaluated by considering the cocrystal SA and drug dose/solubility ratio (D0D = Cdose/SD), which in tandem represent the maximum theoretical supersaturation that a cocrystal may generate, the driving force for drug precipitation, and the potential for dose-/solubility-limited absorption. cocrystals with SA and D0D values above critical supersaturation are prone to rapid precipitation, often negating their utility as a solubility enhancement tool. This work presents a mechanistic approach to controlling the dissolution-supersaturation-precipitation behavior of cocrystal systems, whereby relationships between SA, D0D, and the drug-solubilizing power of surfactants (SPD = SD,T/SD,aq) are used to fine-tune cocrystal-inherent supersaturation by rational additive selection. Experimental results with danazol-vanillin cocrystal demonstrate how SA, D0D, and SPD are key thermodynamic parameters to understanding the kinetic cocrystal behavior and how the risks of cocrystal development may be mitigated through the mechanistic formulation design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Cavanagh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
| | - Gislaine Kuminek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
| | - Naír Rodríguez-Hornedo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
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20
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Mild SARS-CoV-2 infections in children might be based on evolutionary biology and linked with host reactive oxidative stress and antioxidant capabilities. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 36:100723. [PMID: 32670592 PMCID: PMC7313508 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to significant morbidity and mortality in elderly individuals. Children typically have mild illness with rare mortalities. Age and co-morbid medical conditions are the most important determinant of the infection outcome. Currently there is no clear explanation for the difference in disease severity and outcome in different age groups. Based on evolutionary biology and translational research this review suggests that the high antioxidant capacity of children leading to a balanced redox state is the key factor for mild SARS-CoV-2 infections in this age group. On the other hand, elderly individuals with low antioxidant capacity and low angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression are prone to severe infections by redox-sensitive immune modulation.
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21
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Escalante-Valdez MJ, Guardado-Félix D, Serna-Saldívar SO, Barrera-Arellano D, Chuck-Hernández C. Effects of Post Anthesis Foliar Application of Sodium Selenite to Soybeans ( Glycine max): Lipid Composition and Oil Stability. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E772. [PMID: 31771157 PMCID: PMC6995593 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at determining whether applying selenium to soybean plants affected composition and oil oxidative stability of the seeds. Soybean was cultivated and sodium selenite (Selenite) added by foliar application (0, 200, or 300 g Selenite/Ha). Physical and chemical characterization was performed on the harvested seeds (thousand seed weight, bulk and true densities, fat, fiber, ash, protein, nitrogen free extract and selenium content). Soybean oil was tested in terms of Oxidation Induction Time (OIT), fatty acid, tocopherols, phytosterols, density, refractive index and saponification and iodine values. All seeds showed similar composition: crude fat (around 20%) and crude fiber (from 8.4 to 9.3%). Control seeds and those treated with 200 g Selenite/Ha contained higher protein concentration (37%), compared to the 300 g treatment (35.9%). All seeds showed similar ash content (7%). OIT values for both treatments were slightly lower (from 39.1 to 43.7 min) compared with 45.02 min in the control. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher for the 300 g Se/Ha (50.2%) compared with 48.2 to 49.4%of the other treatments. All samples showed similar phytosterols and tocopherols concentrations. Results showed that OIT values maintained an inverse relationship with selenium content, suggesting that foliar fertilization enhanced oil oxidation or acted as a pro-oxidant at the applied rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Escalante-Valdez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnologico, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico; (M.J.E.-V.); (D.G.-F.); (S.O.S.-S.)
| | - Daniela Guardado-Félix
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnologico, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico; (M.J.E.-V.); (D.G.-F.); (S.O.S.-S.)
- Programa Regional de Posgrado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, FCQB-UAS, AP 1354, C.P. 80000 Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Sergio O. Serna-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnologico, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico; (M.J.E.-V.); (D.G.-F.); (S.O.S.-S.)
| | - Daniel Barrera-Arellano
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, P.O. Box 6121 Campinas, Brazil;
| | - Cristina Chuck-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Col. Tecnologico, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico; (M.J.E.-V.); (D.G.-F.); (S.O.S.-S.)
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Finno CJ, Peterson J, Kang M, Park S, Bordbari MH, Durbin-Johnson B, Settles M, Perez-Flores MC, Lee JH, Yamoah EN. Single-Cell RNA-seq Reveals Profound Alterations in Mechanosensitive Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons with Vitamin E Deficiency. iScience 2019; 21:720-735. [PMID: 31733517 PMCID: PMC6864320 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ninety percent of Americans consume less than the estimated average requirements of dietary vitamin E (vitE). Severe vitE deficiency due to genetic mutations in the tocopherol transfer protein (TTPA) in humans results in ataxia with vitE deficiency (AVED), with proprioceptive deficits and somatosensory degeneration arising from dorsal root ganglia neurons (DRGNs). Single-cell RNA-sequencing of DRGNs was performed in Ttpa-/- mice, an established model of AVED. In stark contrast to expected changes in proprioceptive neurons, Ttpa-/- DRGNs showed marked upregulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ and K+ channels in mechanosensitive, tyrosine-hydroxylase positive (TH+) DRGNs. The ensuing significant conductance changes resulted in reduced excitability in mechanosensitive Ttpa-/- DRGNs. A highly supplemented vitE diet (600 mg dl-α-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet) prevented the cellular and molecular alterations and improved mechanosensation. VitE deficiency profoundly alters the molecular signature and functional properties of mechanosensitive TH+ DRGN, representing an intriguing shift of the prevailing paradigm from proprioception to mechanical sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Janel Peterson
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mincheol Kang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Seojin Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Matthew H Bordbari
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Matthew Settles
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Maria C Perez-Flores
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Jeong H Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Ebenezer N Yamoah
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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23
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Choi PM, Tscharke B, Samanipour S, Hall WD, Gartner CE, Mueller JF, Thomas KV, O'Brien JW. Social, demographic, and economic correlates of food and chemical consumption measured by wastewater-based epidemiology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21864-21873. [PMID: 31591193 PMCID: PMC6815118 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910242116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater is a potential treasure trove of chemicals that reflects population behavior and health status. Wastewater-based epidemiology has been employed to determine population-scale consumption of chemicals, particularly illicit drugs, across different communities and over time. However, the sociodemographic or socioeconomic correlates of chemical consumption and exposure are unclear. This study explores the relationships between catchment specific sociodemographic parameters and biomarkers in wastewater generated by the respective catchments. Domestic wastewater influent samples taken during the 2016 Australian census week were analyzed for a range of diet, drug, pharmaceutical, and lifestyle biomarkers. We present both linear and rank-order (i.e., Pearson and Spearman) correlations between loads of 42 biomarkers and census-derived metrics, index of relative socioeconomic advantage and disadvantage (IRSAD), median age, and 40 socioeconomic index for area (SEIFA) descriptors. Biomarkers of caffeine, citrus, and dietary fiber consumption had strong positive correlations with IRSAD, while tramadol, atenolol, and pregabalin had strong negative correlation with IRSAD. As expected, atenolol and hydrochlorothiazide correlated positively with median age. We also found specific SEIFA descriptors such as occupation and educational attainment correlating with each biomarker. Our study demonstrates that wastewater-based epidemiology can be used to study sociodemographic influences and disparities in chemical consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil M Choi
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
| | - Benjamin Tscharke
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | | | - Wayne D Hall
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Coral E Gartner
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Jochen F Mueller
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Jake W O'Brien
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
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The relationship between vitamin C status, the gut-liver axis, and metabolic syndrome. Redox Biol 2018; 21:101091. [PMID: 30640128 PMCID: PMC6327911 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors, which together predict increased risk of more serious chronic diseases. We propose that one consequence of dietary overnutrition is increased abundance of Gram-negative bacteria in the gut that cause increased inflammation, impaired gut function, and endotoxemia that further dysregulate the already compromised antioxidant vitamin status in MetS. This discussion is timely because "healthy" individuals are no longer the societal norm and specialized dietary requirements are needed for the growing prevalence of MetS. Further, these lines of evidence provide the foundational basis for investigation that poor vitamin C status promotes endotoxemia, leading to metabolic dysfunction that impairs vitamin E trafficking through a mechanism involving the gut-liver axis. This report will establish a critical need for translational research aimed at validating therapeutic approaches to manage endotoxemia-an early, but inflammation-inducing phenomenon, which not only occurs in MetS, but is also prognostic of more advanced metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as the increasing severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases.
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Strobbe S, De Lepeleire J, Van Der Straeten D. From in planta Function to Vitamin-Rich Food Crops: The ACE of Biofortification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1862. [PMID: 30619424 PMCID: PMC6305313 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Humans are highly dependent on plants to reach their dietary requirements, as plant products contribute both to energy and essential nutrients. For many decades, plant breeders have been able to gradually increase yields of several staple crops, thereby alleviating nutritional needs with varying degrees of success. However, many staple crops such as rice, wheat and corn, although delivering sufficient calories, fail to satisfy micronutrient demands, causing the so called 'hidden hunger.' Biofortification, the process of augmenting nutritional quality of food through the use of agricultural methodologies, is a pivotal asset in the fight against micronutrient malnutrition, mainly due to vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Several technical advances have led to recent breakthroughs. Nutritional genomics has come to fruition based on marker-assisted breeding enabling rapid identification of micronutrient related quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the germplasm of interest. As a complement to these breeding techniques, metabolic engineering approaches, relying on a continuously growing fundamental knowledge of plant metabolism, are able to overcome some of the inevitable pitfalls of breeding. Alteration of micronutrient levels does also require fundamental knowledge about their role and influence on plant growth and development. This review focuses on our knowledge about provitamin A (beta-carotene), vitamin C (ascorbate) and the vitamin E group (tocochromanols). We begin by providing an overview of the functions of these vitamins in planta, followed by highlighting some of the achievements in the nutritional enhancement of food crops via conventional breeding and genetic modification, concluding with an evaluation of the need for such biofortification interventions. The review further elaborates on the vast potential of creating nutritionally enhanced crops through multi-pathway engineering and the synergistic potential of conventional breeding in combination with genetic engineering, including the impact of novel genome editing technologies.
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Margaritelis NV, Paschalis V, Theodorou AA, Kyparos A, Nikolaidis MG. Antioxidants in Personalized Nutrition and Exercise. Adv Nutr 2018; 9:813-823. [PMID: 30256898 PMCID: PMC6247356 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review highlights the idea that antioxidant supplementation can be optimized when tailored to the precise antioxidant status of each individual. A novel methodologic approach involving personalized nutrition, the mechanisms by which antioxidant status regulates human metabolism and performance, and similarities between antioxidants and other nutritional supplements are described. The usefulness of higher-level phenotypes for data-driven personalized treatments is also explained. We conclude that personally tailored antioxidant interventions based on specific antioxidant inadequacies or deficiencies could result in improved exercise performance accompanied by consistent alterations in redox profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece,Intensive Care Unit, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece,Address correspondence to NVM (e-mail: )
| | - Vassilis Paschalis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios A Theodorou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Antonios Kyparos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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Replacing carbohydrate during a glucose challenge with the egg white portion or whole eggs protects against postprandial impairments in vascular endothelial function in prediabetic men by limiting increases in glycaemia and lipid peroxidation. Br J Nutr 2018; 119:259-270. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517003610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEggs attenuate postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPH), which transiently impairs vascular endothelial function (VEF). We hypothesised that co-ingestion of a glucose challenge with egg-based meals would protect against glucose-induced impairments in VEF by attenuating PPH and oxidative stress. A randomised, cross-over study was conducted in prediabetic men (n20) who ingested isoenegertic meals (1674 kJ (400 kcal)) containing 100 g glucose (GLU), or 75 g glucose with 1·5 whole eggs (EGG), seven egg whites (WHITE) or two egg yolks (YOLK). At 30 min intervals for 3 h, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), plasma glucose, insulin, cholecystokinin (CCK), lipids (total, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol; TAG), F2-isoprostanes normalised to arachidonic acid (F2-IsoPs/AA), and methylglyoxal were assessed. In GLU, FMD decreased at 30–60 min and returned to baseline levels by 90 min. GLU-mediated decreases in FMD were attenuated at 30–60 min in EGG and WHITE. Compared with GLU, FMDAUCwas higher in EGG and WHITE only. Relative to baseline, glucose increased at 30–120 min in GLU and YOLK but only at 30–90 min in EGG and WHITE. GlucoseAUCand insulinAUCwere also lower in EGG and WHITE only. However, CCKAUCwas higher in EGG and WHITE compared with GLU. Compared with GLU, F2-IsoPs/AAAUCwas lower in EGG and WHITE but unaffected by YOLK. Postprandial lipids and methylglyoxal did not differ between treatments. Thus, replacing a portion of a glucose challenge with whole eggs or egg whites, but not yolks, limits postprandial impairments in VEF by attenuating increases in glycaemia and lipid peroxidation.
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Chung E, Mo H, Wang S, Zu Y, Elfakhani M, Rios SR, Chyu MC, Yang RS, Shen CL. Potential roles of vitamin E in age-related changes in skeletal muscle health. Nutr Res 2018; 49:23-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mène-Saffrané L. Vitamin E Biosynthesis and Its Regulation in Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 7:E2. [PMID: 29295607 PMCID: PMC5789312 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E is one of the 13 vitamins that are essential to animals that do not produce them. To date, six natural organic compounds belonging to the chemical family of tocochromanols-four tocopherols and two tocotrienols-have been demonstrated as exhibiting vitamin E activity in animals. Edible plant-derived products, notably seed oils, are the main sources of vitamin E in the human diet. Although this vitamin is readily available, independent nutritional surveys have shown that human populations do not consume enough vitamin E, and suffer from mild to severe deficiency. Tocochromanols are mostly produced by plants, algae, and some cyanobacteria. Tocochromanol metabolism has been mainly studied in higher plants that produce tocopherols, tocotrienols, plastochromanol-8, and tocomonoenols. In contrast to the tocochromanol biosynthetic pathways that are well characterized, our understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms regulating tocochromanol biosynthesis is in its infancy. Although it is known that tocochromanol biosynthesis is strongly conditioned by the availability in homogentisate and polyprenyl pyrophosphate, its polar and lipophilic biosynthetic precursors, respectively, the mechanisms regulating their biosyntheses are barely known. This review summarizes our current knowledge of tocochromanol biosynthesis in plants, and highlights future challenges regarding the understanding of its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Mène-Saffrané
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Mène-Saffrané L, Pellaud S. Current strategies for vitamin E biofortification of crops. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 44:189-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Traber MG, Mah E, Leonard SW, Bobe G, Bruno RS. Metabolic syndrome increases dietary α-tocopherol requirements as assessed using urinary and plasma vitamin E catabolites: a double-blind, crossover clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:571-579. [PMID: 28077381 PMCID: PMC5320409 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.138495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin E supplementation improves liver histology in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which is a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We reported previously that α-tocopherol bioavailability in healthy adults is higher than in those with MetS, thereby suggesting that the latter group has increased requirements.Objective: We hypothesized that α-tocopherol catabolites α-carboxyethyl hydroxychromanol (α-CEHC) and α-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychromanol (α-CMBHC) are useful biomarkers of α-tocopherol status.Design: Adults (healthy or with MetS; n = 10/group) completed a double-blind, crossover clinical trial with four 72-h interventions during which they co-ingested 15 mg hexadeuterium-labeled RRR-α-tocopherol (d6-α-T) with nonfat, reduced-fat, whole, or soy milk. During each intervention, we measured α-CEHC and α-CMBHC excretions in three 8-h urine collections (0-24 h) and plasma α-tocopherol, α-CEHC, and α-CMBHC concentrations at various times ≤72 h.Results: During the first 24 h, participants with MetS compared with healthy adults excreted 41% less α-CEHC (all values are least-squares means ± SEMs: 0.6 ± 0.1 compared with 1.0 ± 0.1 μmol/g creatinine, respectively; P = 0.002), 63% less hexadeuterium-labeled (d6)-α-CEHC (0.04 ± 0.02 compared with 0.13 ± 0.02 μmol/g creatinine, respectively; P = 0.002), and 58% less d6-α-CMBHC (0.017 ± 0.004 compared with 0.041 ± 0.004 μmol/g creatinine, respectively; P = 0.0009) and had 52% lower plasma d6-α-CEHC areas under the concentration curves [area under the curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24h): 27.7 ± 7.9 compared with 58.4 ± 7.9 nmol/L × h, respectively; P = 0.01]. d6-α-CEHC peaked before d6-α-T in 77 of 80 paired plasma concentration curves. Urinary d6-α-CEHC 24-h concentrations were associated with the plasma AUC0-24 h of d6-α-T (r = 0.53, P = 0.02) and d6-α-CEHC (r = 0.72, P = 0.0003), and with urinary d6-α-CMBHC (r = 0.88, P < 0.0001), and inversely with the plasma inflammation biomarkers C-reactive protein (r = -0.70, P = 0.0006), interleukin-10 (r = -0.59, P = 0.007), and interleukin-6 (r = -0.54, P = 0.01).Conclusion: Urinary α-CEHC and α-CMBHC are useful biomarkers to noninvasively assess α-tocopherol adequacy, especially in populations with MetS-associated hepatic dysfunction that likely impairs α-tocopherol trafficking. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01787591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; and
| | - Eunice Mah
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Scott W Leonard
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; and
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; and
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Melo LRMD, Clemente HA, Bezerra DF, Dantas RCS, Ramalho HMM, Dimenstein R. Effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin E on the concentration of α‐tocopherol in colostrum. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin E on the concentration of α-tocopherol in colostrum. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017; 93:40-46. [PMID: 27327566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin E on the concentration of α-tocopherol in colostrum and its supply to the newborn. METHOD This randomized clinical trial enrolled 99 healthy adult pregnant women; of these, 39 were assigned to the control group and 60 to the supplemented group. After an overnight fast, 5mL of blood and 2mL of colostrum were collected. After the first sampling (0h milk), the supplemented group received 400IU of supplementary vitamin E. Another 2mL milk aliquot was collected in both groups 24h after supplementation (24h milk). The samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The α-tocopherol content provided by colostrum was calculated by considering a daily intake of 396mL of milk and comparing the resulting value to the recommended daily intake for infants aged 0-6 months (4mg/day). RESULTS The initial mean concentration of α-tocopherol in colostrum was 1509.3±793.7μg/dL in the control group and 1452.9±808.6μg/dL in the supplemented group. After 24h, the mean α-tocopherol concentration was 1650.6±968.7μg/dL in the control group (p>0.05) and 2346.9±1203.2μg/dL in the supplemented group (p<0.001), increasing the vitamin E supply to the newborn to 9.3mg/day. Initially, 18 women in the supplemented group provided colostrum α-tocopherol contents below 4mg/day; after supplementation only six continued to provide less than the recommended amount. CONCLUSION Maternal vitamin E supplementation increases the supply of the vitamin to the infant by providing more than twice the Recommended Daily Intake.
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Carrera CS, Seguin P. Factors Affecting Tocopherol Concentrations in Soybean Seeds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:9465-9474. [PMID: 27797523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Soybean seeds contain several health-beneficial compounds, including tocopherols, which are used by the nutraceutical and functional food industries. Soybean tocopherol concentrations are, however, highly variable. Large differences observed in tocopherol concentrations among soybean genotypes together with the relatively simple biosynthetic pathway involving few genes support the feasibility of selecting for high-tocopherol soybean. Tocopherol concentrations are also highly influenced by environmental factors and field management. Temperature during seed filling and soil moisture appear to be the main factors affecting tocopherol concentrations; other factors such as soil fertility and solar radiation also affect concentrations and composition. Field management decisions including seeding date, row spacing, irrigation, and fertilization also affect tocopherols. Knowledge of factors affecting soybean tocopherols is essential to develop management strategies that will lead to the production of seeds with consistent target concentrations that will meet the needs of the nutraceutical and functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza S Carrera
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University , Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
- Instituto de Fisiologı́a y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales (IFRGV), Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnologı́a Agropecuaria (INTA) , Camino a 60 Cuadras Km 5 1/2, X5020 ICA Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas y Técnicas , Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Philippe Seguin
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University , Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
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Genetic Analysis of Reduced γ-Tocopherol Content in Ethiopian Mustard Seeds. ScientificWorldJournal 2016; 2016:7392603. [PMID: 27275005 PMCID: PMC4871971 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7392603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) line BCT-6, with reduced γ-tocopherol content in the seeds, has been previously developed. The objective of this research was to conduct a genetic analysis of seed tocopherols in this line. BCT-6 was crossed with the conventional line C-101 and the F1, F2, and BC plant generations were analyzed. Generation mean analysis using individual scaling tests indicated that reduced γ-tocopherol content fitted an additive-dominant genetic model with predominance of additive effects and absence of epistatic interactions. This was confirmed through a joint scaling test and additional testing of the goodness of fit of the model. Conversely, epistatic interactions were identified for total tocopherol content. Estimation of the minimum number of genes suggested that both γ- and total tocopherol content may be controlled by two genes. A positive correlation between total tocopherol content and the proportion of γ-tocopherol was identified in the F2 generation. Additional research on the feasibility of developing germplasm with high tocopherol content and reduced concentration of γ-tocopherol is required.
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Ren C, Park EY, Kim JY, Lim ST. Enhancing dispersion stability of alpha-tocopherol in aqueous media using maize starch and ultrasonication. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Do MH, Kim SN, Seo SY, Yeo EJ, Kim SY. δ-Tocopherol prevents methylglyoxal-induced apoptosis by reducing ROS generation and inhibiting apoptotic signaling cascades in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Food Funct 2016; 6:1568-77. [PMID: 25832198 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01110d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive metabolite of glucose, which is known to cause damage and induce apoptosis in endothelial cells. Endothelial cell damage is implicated in the progression of diabetes-associated complications and atherosclerosis. Nuts are high in vitamin E. Consumption of nuts has been recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, different nuts contain different forms of vitamin E, which can have different effects on endothelial cells. In this work, we investigated the protective effect of different isoforms of vitamin E on MGO-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Among all forms of vitamin E, δ-tocopherol showed the highest effect on apoptosis of HUVECs. We also compared the anti-apoptotic activity of δ-tocopherol with that of α-tocopherol in MGO-treated HUVECs. Pretreatment with α- or δ-tocopherol significantly inhibited MGO-induced changes in cell morphology, cell death, and production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. δ-Tocopherol prevented MGO-induced apoptosis in HUVECs by increasing Bcl-2 expression and decreasing Bax expression. Interestingly, α-tocopherol also inhibited these factors but to a lesser extent than δ-tocopherol. MGO was found to activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Compared to pretreatment with α-tocopherol, pretreatment with δ-tocopherol more strongly inhibited the activation of MAPKs, such as JNK and ERK1/2. These findings suggest that δ-tocopherol may be a more effective regulator of MGO-induced apoptosis than α-tocopherol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon ho Do
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Mah E, Sapper TN, Chitchumroonchokchai C, Failla ML, Schill KE, Clinton SK, Bobe G, Traber MG, Bruno RS. α-Tocopherol bioavailability is lower in adults with metabolic syndrome regardless of dairy fat co-ingestion: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:1070-80. [PMID: 26447154 PMCID: PMC4625597 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.118570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing dietary fat intake is expected to improve α-tocopherol bioavailability, which could be beneficial for improving α-tocopherol status, especially in cohorts at high cardiometabolic risk who fail to meet dietary α-tocopherol requirements. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to assess dose-dependent effects of dairy fat and metabolic syndrome (MetS) health status on α-tocopherol pharmacokinetics in plasma and lipoproteins. DESIGN A randomized, crossover, double-blind study was conducted in healthy and MetS adults (n = 10/group) who ingested encapsulated hexadeuterium-labeled (d6)-RRR-α-tocopherol (15 mg) with 240 mL nonfat (0.2 g fat), reduced-fat (4.8 g fat), or whole (7.9 g fat) milk before blood collection at regular intervals for 72 h. RESULTS Compared with healthy participants, those with MetS had lower (P < 0.05) baseline plasma α-tocopherol (μmol/mmol lipid) and greater oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and C-reactive protein. Regardless of health status, d6-α-tocopherol bioavailability was unaffected by increasing amounts of dairy fat provided by milk beverages, but MetS participants had lower estimated d6-α-tocopherol absorption (±SEM) than did healthy participants (26.1% ± 1.0% compared with 29.5% ± 1.1%). They also had lower plasma d6-α-tocopherol AUC from 0 to 72 h, as well as maximal concentrations (Cmax: 2.04 ± 0.14 compared with 2.73 ± 0.18 μmol/L) and slower rates of plasma disappearance but similar times to Cmax. MetS participants had lower d6-α-tocopherol AUC from t = 0-12 h (AUC0- t final) in lipoprotein fractions [chylomicron, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), LDL, high-density lipoprotein]. Percentages of d6-α-tocopherol AUC0- t final in both the chylomicron (r = -0.46 to -0.52) and VLDL (r = -0.49 to -0.68) fractions were inversely correlated with oxidized LDL, IL-10, IL-6, and C-reactive protein. CONCLUSIONS At dietary intakes equivalent to the Recommended Dietary Allowance, α-tocopherol bioavailability is unaffected by dairy fat quantity but is lower in MetS adults, potentially because of greater inflammation and oxidative stress that limits small intestinal α-tocopherol absorption and/or impairs hepatic α-tocopherol trafficking. These findings support higher dietary α-tocopherol requirements for MetS adults. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01787591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Mah
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences and
| | - Teryn N Sapper
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences and
| | | | - Mark L Failla
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences and
| | - Kevin E Schill
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences and
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, and
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
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Zhao Y, Monahan FJ, McNulty BA, Brennan L, Gibney MJ, Gibney ER. α-Tocopherol Stereoisomers in Human Plasma Are Affected by the Level and Form of the Vitamin E Supplement Used. J Nutr 2015; 145:2347-54. [PMID: 26290004 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.213280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies examining vitamin E intake and the percentage of the population meeting dietary guidelines do not distinguish between natural (RRR-α-tocopherol) and synthetic (all-rac-α-tocopherol) intake, even though these different isomeric forms differ in bioactivity. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the effect of RRR-α-tocopherol vs. all-rac-α-tocopherol intake on the percentage of the population meeting the vitamin E recommendation and on plasma α-tocopherol stereoisomer distribution. METHODS With the use of data from the Irish National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS), this study examined the percentage of the Irish population meeting the European Union (EU) RDA for vitamin E of 12 mg/d, correcting for a bioactivity difference in all-rac- vs. RRR-α-tocopherol, where 1 mg of all-rac-α-tocopherol is considered to be equivalent to 1:1.36 (0.74) mg in the EU RDA. In a subcohort of supplement users and nonusers, plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations and α-tocopherol stereoisomer distribution were measured. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to determine ability to discriminate supplement user types. RESULTS Analysis of the NANS showed that 100% of participants still met the recommended intake of 12 mg/d, after all-rac-α-tocopherol intake was corrected for α-tocopherol equivalent bioactivity. In the subcohort analysis, the percentage of plasma RRR-α-tocopherol was significantly lower in high all-rac-α-tocopherol supplement (>11 mg/d) users (82%) compared with nonusers and with high RRR-α-tocopherol supplement (>35 mg/d) users (91% and 93% respectively, P < 0.01). High RRR-α-tocopherol supplement users had a significantly higher plasma α-tocopherol than low all-rac-α-tocopherol supplement (<2.5 mg/d) users (34 vs. 25 μmol/L, P = 0.01). ROC analysis demonstrated an ability to distinguish between RRR- and all-rac-α-tocopherol consumers, which may be useful in investigating the potential effect of RRR- and all-rac-α-tocopherol intake on health. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the percentage of the population meeting the vitamin E recommendation was unaffected when all-rac-α-tocopherol intake was corrected for α-tocopherol equivalent bioactivity. all-rac-α-Tocopherol intake led to a decrease in the percentage of plasma RRR-α-tocopherol relative to RRR-α-tocopherol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frank J Monahan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Breige A McNulty
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mike J Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Rondanelli M, Faliva MA, Peroni G, Moncaglieri F, Infantino V, Naso M, Perna S. Focus on Pivotal Role of Dietary Intake (Diet and Supplement) and Blood Levels of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Obtaining Successful Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:23227-49. [PMID: 26404241 PMCID: PMC4632695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161023227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous specific age-related morbidities have been correlated with low intake and serum levels of tocopherols and tocotrienols. We performed a review in order to evaluate the extant evidence regarding: (1) the association between intake and serum levels of tocopherols and tocotrienols and age-related pathologies (osteoporosis, sarcopenia and cognitive impairment); and (2) the optimum diet therapy or supplementation with tocopherols and tocotrienols for the treatment of these abnormalities. This review included 51 eligible studies. The recent literature underlines that, given the detrimental effect of low intake and serum levels of tocopherols and tocotrienols on bone, muscle mass, and cognitive function, a change in the lifestyle must be the cornerstone in the prevention of these specific age-related pathologies related to vitamin E-deficient status. The optimum diet therapy in the elderly for avoiding vitamin E deficiency and its negative correlates, such as high inflammation and oxidation, must aim at achieving specific nutritional goals. These goals must be reached through: accession of the elderly subjects to specific personalized dietary programs aimed at achieving and/or maintaining body weight (avoid malnutrition); increase their intake of food rich in vitamin E, such as derivatives of oily seeds (in particular wheat germ oil), olive oil, hazelnuts, walnuts, almonds, and cereals rich in vitamin E (such as specific rice cultivar rich in tocotrienols) or take vitamin E supplements. In this case, vitamin E can be correctly used in a personalized way either for the outcome from the pathology or to achieve healthy aging and longevity without any adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University of Pavia, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University of Pavia, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University of Pavia, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Francesca Moncaglieri
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University of Pavia, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University of Pavia, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Milano, Milan 20100, Italy.
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University of Pavia, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona di Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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Bacelo AC, Ramalho A, Brasil PE, Cople-Rodrigues CDS, Georg I, Paiva E, Argolo SVL, Rolla VC. Nutritional Supplementation Is a Necessary Complement to Dietary Counseling among Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis-HIV Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134785. [PMID: 26313258 PMCID: PMC4551799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Brazilian Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization recommend dietary counseling for patients with malnutrition during tuberculosis treatment. Patients under tuberculosis therapy (infected and not infected with HIV) were followed-up to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary counseling. OBJECTIVE describe the nutritional status of patients with tuberculosis. METHODS an observational follow-up study over a 180-day period of tuberculosis therapy in adults was conducted. Subjects were assessed for body composition (using BMI, TSF and MUAC parameters), serum biomarkers and offered dietary counseling. The data obtained at each visit (D15, D30, D60, D90, D120, D150, and D180) were analyzed, showing trajectories over time and central tendencies each time. RESULTS at baseline, the mean age was 41.1 (± 13.4) years; they were predominantly male, with income lower than a local minimum wage and at least six years of schooling. Patients showed predominantly pulmonary tuberculosis. At baseline, all patients suffered from malnutrition. The overall energy malnutrition prevalence was of 70.6%. Anemia at baseline was observed in both groups (63.2%), however, it was significantly more pronounced in the HIV+. At the end, energy malnutrition was reduced to 57.1% (42.9% of HIV- and 71.4% of the HIV+). Micronutrients malnutrition was evident in 71.4% of the HIV- patients and 85.7% of HIV+ patients at the end of tuberculosis therapy. Using BMI (≤ 18.5 kg/m2cutoff) as an index of malnutrition, it was detected in 23.9% of the HIV- and 27.3% of the HIV+ patients at baseline, with no evident improvement over time; using TSF (≤ 11.4mm as cutoff) or MUAC (≤ 28.5cm as cutoff), malnutrition was detected in 70.1% and 85.3% of all patients, respectively. Nevertheless, combining all biomarkers, at the end of follow-up, all patients suffered from malnutrition. CONCLUSION Although with a limited number of patients, the evidence does not support that dietary counseling is effective to recover from malnutrition in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Costa Bacelo
- Nutrition Service, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Ramalho
- Josué de Castro Institute, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro Emmanuel Brasil
- Clinical Reasearch Laboratory on Chagas Disease, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ingebourg Georg
- Diagnostics Activities Coordinating, Immunodiagnostic Section, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliane Paiva
- Department of Nutrition, UNISUAM, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Valeria Cavalcante Rolla
- Clinical Research Laboratory on Mycobacteria, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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Tennant D, Gosling JP. Modelling consumer intakes of vegetable oils and fats. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1397-405. [PMID: 26160467 PMCID: PMC4566877 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1069407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Vegetable oils and fats make up a significant part of the energy intake in typical European diets. However, their use as ingredients in a diverse range of different foods means that their consumption is often hidden, especially when oils and fats are used for cooking. As a result, there are no reliable estimates of the consumption of different vegetable oils and fats in the diet of European consumers for use in, for example, nutritional assessments or chemical risk assessments. We have developed an innovative model to estimate the consumption of vegetable oils and fats by European Union consumers using the European Union consumption databases and elements of probabilistic modelling. A key feature of the approach is the assessment of uncertainty in the modelling assumptions that can be used to build user confidence and to guide future development.
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Pei R, Yu M, Bruno R, Bolling BW. Phenolic and tocopherol content of autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellate) berries. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Bonnefoy M, Berrut G, Lesourd B, Ferry M, Gilbert T, Guérin O, Hanon O, Jeandel C, Paillaud E, Raynaud-Simon A, Ruault G, Rolland Y. Frailty and nutrition: searching for evidence. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 19:250-7. [PMID: 25732208 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that predicts disability, morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Poor nutritional status is one of the main risk factors for frailty. Macronutrients and micronutrients deficiencies are associated with frailty. Recent studies suggest that improving nutritional status for macronutrients and micronutrients may reduce the risk of frailty. Specific diets such as the Mediterranean diet rich in anti-oxidants, is currently investigated in the prevention of frailty. The aim of this paper is to summarize the current body of knowledge on the relations between nutrition and frailty, and provide recommendations for future nutritional research on the field of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bonnefoy
- Marc Bonnefoy - service universitaire de gériatrie - Groupement Hospitalier Sud - 69495 Pierre-Bénite Cedex - France - tél 33 (0)4 78 86 15 80 - Fax 33 (0)4 78 86 57 27 -
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Tree nut consumption is associated with better nutrient adequacy and diet quality in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010. Nutrients 2015; 7:595-607. [PMID: 25599274 PMCID: PMC4303856 DOI: 10.3390/nu7010595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient adequacy of tree nut consumers has not been examined. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2010 data were used to assess the association of tree nut consumption by adults 19+ years (n = 14,386) with nutrient adequacy and diet quality. Covariate adjusted usual intake was determined using two 24-h dietary recalls and the National Cancer Institute method. Percentages of the consumption groups below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or above the Adequate Intake (AI) were determined. Diet quality was determined using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI) score. Usual intake data showed consumers of tree nuts had a lower percentage (p < 0.0001) of the population below the EAR for vitamins A (22 ± 5 vs. 49 ± 1), E (38 ± 4 vs. 94 ± 0.4) and C (17 ± 4 vs. 44 ± 1); folate (2.5 ± 1.5 vs. 12 ± 0.6); calcium (26 ± 3 vs. 44 ± 1); iron (3 ± 0.6 vs. 9 ± 0.4); magnesium (8 ± 1 vs. 60 ± 1); and zinc (1.5 ± 1 vs. 13 ± 1). Tree nut consumers had a higher percentage (p < 0.0001) of the population above the AI for fiber (33 ± 3 vs. 4 ± 0.3) and potassium (12 ± 3 mg vs. 2 ± 0.2 mg). HEI-2005 total score was higher (p < 0.0001) in tree nut consumers (61 ± 0.7 vs. 52 ± 0.3) than non-consumers. Health professionals should encourage the use of tree nuts as part of a dietary approach to healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Fišnar
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition; Institute of Chemical Technology; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marek Doležal
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition; Institute of Chemical Technology; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Réblová
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition; Institute of Chemical Technology; Prague Czech Republic
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Effect of vitamin E intake from food and supplement sources on plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations in a healthy Irish adult population. Br J Nutr 2014; 112:1575-85. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514002438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E is believed to play a preventive role in diseases associated with oxidative stress. The aims of the present study were to quantify vitamin E intake levels and plasma concentrations and to assess dietary vitamin E adequacy in Irish adults. Intake data from the National Adult Nutrition Survey were used; plasma samples were obtained from a representative cohort of survey participants. Plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations were measured by HPLC. The main sources of vitamin E in the diet were ‘butter, spreadable fats and oils’ and ‘vegetables and vegetable dishes’. When vitamin E intake from supplements was taken into account, supplements were found to be the main contributor, making a contribution of 29·2 % to vitamin E intake in the total population. Supplement consumers had significantly higher plasma α-tocopherol concentrations and lower plasma γ-tocopherol concentrations when compared with non-consumers. Consumers of ‘vitamin E’ supplements had significantly higher vitamin E intake levels and plasma α-tocopherol concentrations compared with consumers of other types of supplements, such as multivitamin and fish oil. Comparison with the Institute of Medicine Estimated Average Requirement of 12 mg/d indicated that when vitamin E intake from food and supplement sources was taken into account, 100 % of the study participants achieved the recommended intake levels. When vitamin E intake from food sources was taken into account, only 68·4 % of the females were found to achieve the recommended intake levels compared with 99·2 % of the males. The results of the present study show that dietary vitamin E intake has a significant effect on plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations. Furthermore, they show that the consumption of supplements is a major contributor to overall intake and has a significant effect on plasma vitamin E concentrations in the Irish population.
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Abstract
It is estimated that >90% of Americans do not consume sufficient dietary vitamin E, as α-tocopherol, to meet estimated average requirements. What are the adverse consequences of inadequate dietary α-tocopherol intakes? This review discusses health aspects where inadequate vitamin E status is detrimental and additional vitamin E has reversed the symptoms. In general, plasma α-tocopherol concentrations <12 μmol/L are associated with increased infection, anemia, stunting of growth, and poor outcomes during pregnancy for both the infant and the mother. When low dietary amounts of α-tocopherol are consumed, tissue α-tocopherol needs exceed amounts available, leading to increased damage to target tissues. Seemingly, adequacy of human vitamin E status cannot be assessed from circulating α-tocopherol concentrations, but inadequacy can be determined from “low” values. Circulating α-tocopherol concentrations are very difficult to interpret because, as a person ages, plasma lipid concentrations also increase and these elevations in lipids increase the plasma carriers for α-tocopherol, leading to higher circulating α-tocopherol concentrations. However, abnormal lipoprotein metabolism does not necessarily increase α-tocopherol delivery to tissues. Additional biomarkers of inadequate vitamin E status are needed. Urinary excretion of the vitamin E metabolite α-carboxy-ethyl-hydroxychromanol may fulfill this biomarker role, but it has not been widely studied with regard to vitamin E status in humans or with regard to health benefits. This review evaluated the information available on the adverse consequences of inadequate α-tocopherol status and provides suggestions for avenues for research.
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