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Chen JR, Lin CJ, Chang FC, Lee IH, Lu CF. Territory-Related Functional Connectivity Changes Associated with Verbal Memory Decline in Patients with Unilateral Asymptomatic Internal Carotid Stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:934-942. [PMID: 38871370 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Verbal memory decline is a common complaint of patients with severe asymptomatic stenosis of the internal carotid artery (aICS). Previous publications explored the associations between verbal memory decline and altered functional connectivity (FC) after aICS. Patients with severe aICS may show reduced perfusion in the ipsilateral territory and redistribution of cerebral blood flow to compensate for the deficient regions, including expansion of the posterior and contralateral ICA territories via the circle of Willis. However, aICS-related FC changes in anterior and posterior territories and the impact of the sides of stenosis were less explored. This study aims to investigate the altered FC in anterior and posterior circulation territories of patients with left or right unilateral aICS and its association with verbal memory decline. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 15 healthy controls (HCs), 22 patients with left aICS (aICSL), and 33 patients with right aICS (aICSR) to receive fMRI, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Digit Span Test (DST), and the 12-item Chinese version of Verbal Learning Tests. We selected brain regions associated with verbal memory within anterior and posterior circulation territories. Territory-related FC alterations and verbal memory decline were identified by comparing the aICSL and aICSR groups with HC groups (P < .05, corrected for multiple comparisons), respectively. Furthermore, the association between altered FC and verbal memory decline was tested with the Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with aICSL or aICSR had significant impairment in delayed recall of verbal memory. Decline in delayed recall of verbal memory was significantly associated with altered FC between the right cerebellum and right middle temporal pole in the posterior circulation territory (r = 0.40, P = .03) in the aICSR group and was significantly associated with altered FC between the right superior medial frontal gyrus and left lingual gyrus in the anterior circulation territory (r = 0.56, P = .01) in the aICSL group. CONCLUSIONS Patients with aICSL and aICSR showed different patterns of FC alterations in both anterior and posterior circulation territories, which suggests that the side of aICS influences the compensatory mechanism for decline in delayed recall of verbal memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Ru Chen
- From the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences (J.-R.C., C.-F.L.), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Lin
- School of Medicine (C.-J.L., F.-C.C., I.-H.L.), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurological Institute (C.-J.L., I.-H.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chi Chang
- School of Medicine (C.-J.L., F.-C.C., I.-H.L.), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology (F.-C.C.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hui Lee
- School of Medicine (C.-J.L., F.-C.C., I.-H.L.), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurological Institute (C.-J.L., I.-H.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science (I.-H.L.), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Feng Lu
- From the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences (J.-R.C., C.-F.L.), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhao S, Huang Y, Shi S, Chen W, Chen R, Wang Z, Wang D. Causal effects of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on structural changes in specific brain regions: a Mendelian randomization study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae282. [PMID: 38984704 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study utilized Mendelian randomization to explore the impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and their subtypes on brain structures, using genome-wide association study data from the FinnGen consortium for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy exposure and brain structure data from the ENIGMA consortium as outcomes. The inverse-variance weighted method, along with Cochran's Q test, Mendelian randomization-Egger regression, Mendelian randomization-PRESSO global test, and the leave-one-out approach, were applied to infer causality and assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Findings indicate hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with structural brain alterations, including reduced cortical thickness in areas like the insula, isthmus cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, and transverse temporal gyrus, and an increased surface area in the superior frontal gyrus. Specific associations were found for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy subtypes: chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia increased cortical thickness in the supramarginal gyrus; preeclampsia/eclampsia led to thinner cortex in the lingual gyrus and larger hippocampal volume and superior parietal lobule surface area. Chronic hypertension was associated with reduced cortical thickness in the caudal and rostral anterior cingulate and increased surface area of the cuneus and thickness of the pars orbitalis cortex. Gestational hypertension showed no significant brain region changes. These insights clarify hypertensive disorders of pregnancies' neurological and cognitive effects by identifying affected brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yihong Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaole Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Run Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zilian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Ren H, Li J, Zhou J, Chen X, Tang J, Li Z, Wang Q. Grey matter volume reduction in the frontotemporal cortex associated with persistent verbal auditory hallucinations in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia: Insights from a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging study. Schizophr Res 2024; 269:123-129. [PMID: 38772324 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent auditory verbal hallucinations (pAVHs) are a fundamental manifestation of schizophrenia (SCZ), yet the exact connection between pAVHs and brain structure remains contentious. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between pAVHs and alterations in grey matter volume (GMV) within specific brain regions among individuals diagnosed with SCZ. METHODS 76 SCZ patients with pAVHs (pAVH group), 57 SCZ patients without AVHs (non-AVH group), and 83 healthy controls (HC group) were investigated using 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. The P3 hallucination item of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to assess the severity of pAVHs. Voxel-based morphometry was used to analyze the GMV profile between the three groups. RESULTS Compared to the non-AVH and HC groups, the pAVH group exhibited extensive reduction in GMV within the frontotemporal cortex. Conversely, no significant difference in GMV was observed between the non-AVH and HC groups. The severity of pAVHs showed a negative correlation with GMV in several regions, including the right fusiform, right inferior temporal, right medial orbitofrontal, right superior frontal, and right temporal pole (p = 0.0036, Bonferroni correction). Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that GMV in the right temporal pole (β = -0.29, p = 0.001) and right fusiform (β = -0.21, p = 0.01) were significantly associated with the severity of pAVHs. CONCLUSIONS Widespread reduction in GMV is observed within the frontotemporal cortex, particularly involving the right temporal pole and right fusiform, which potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of pAVHs in individuals with chronic SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Ren
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongchang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
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Dagnino PC, Galadí JA, Càmara E, Deco G, Escrichs A. Inducing a meditative state by artificial perturbations: A mechanistic understanding of brain dynamics underlying meditation. Netw Neurosci 2024; 8:517-540. [PMID: 38952817 PMCID: PMC11168722 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Contemplative neuroscience has increasingly explored meditation using neuroimaging. However, the brain mechanisms underlying meditation remain elusive. Here, we implemented a mechanistic framework to explore the spatiotemporal dynamics of expert meditators during meditation and rest, and controls during rest. We first applied a model-free approach by defining a probabilistic metastable substate (PMS) space for each condition, consisting of different probabilities of occurrence from a repertoire of dynamic patterns. Moreover, we implemented a model-based approach by adjusting the PMS of each condition to a whole-brain model, which enabled us to explore in silico perturbations to transition from resting-state to meditation and vice versa. Consequently, we assessed the sensitivity of different brain areas regarding their perturbability and their mechanistic local-global effects. Overall, our work reveals distinct whole-brain dynamics in meditation compared to rest, and how transitions can be induced with localized artificial perturbations. It motivates future work regarding meditation as a practice in health and as a potential therapy for brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Clara Dagnino
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier A. Galadí
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gustavo Deco
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anira Escrichs
- Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Jeon H, Hur A, Lee H, Shin YW, Lee SI, Shin CJ, Kim S, Ju G, Lee J, Jung JH, Chung S, Son JW. The Relationship Between Brain Activation for Taking Others' Perspective and Interoceptive Abilities in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An fMRI Study. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2024; 35:197-209. [PMID: 38966201 PMCID: PMC11220477 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.240008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we aimed to investigate the differences in brain activation between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) individuals during perspective taking. We also examined the association between brain activation and empathic and interoceptive abilities. Methods During scanning, participants from the ASD (n=17) and TD (n=22) groups were shown pain stimuli and asked to rate the level of the observed pain from both self- and other-perspectives. Empathic abilities, including perspective taking, were measured using an empathic questionnaire, and three dimensions of interoception were assessed: interoceptive accuracy, interoceptive sensibility, and interoceptive trait prediction errors. Results During self-perspective taking, the ASD group exhibited greater activation in the left precuneus than the TD group. During other-perspective taking, relative hyperactivation extended to areas including the right precuneus, right superior frontal gyrus, left caudate nucleus, and left amygdala. Brain activation levels in the right superior frontal gyrus while taking other-perspective were negatively correlated with interoceptive accuracy, and those in the left caudate were negatively correlated with perspective taking ability in the ASD group. Conclusion Individuals with ASD show atypical brain activation during perspective taking. Notably, their brain regions associated with stress reactions and escape responses are overactivated when taking other-perspective. This overactivity is related to poor interoceptive accuracy, suggesting that individuals with ASD may experience difficulties with the self-other distinction or atypical embodiment when considering another person's perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyeong Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ahjeong Hur
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hoyeon Lee
- Autism and Developmental Disorders Treatment Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong-Wook Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Ick Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chul-Jin Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Siekyeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Gawon Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seungwon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Autism and Developmental Disorders Treatment Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Autism and Developmental Disorders Treatment Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Sun D, Shi Z, Chen H, Du Q, Zhang Y, Wang R, Kong L, Luo W, Lang Y, Wang X, Zhou H. COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization and severity and the risk of brain cortical structure: a Mendelian randomization study. QJM 2024; 117:413-421. [PMID: 38195890 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have reported structural changes in the brains of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); it remains unclear whether these associations are causal. AIM We evaluated the causal effects of COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization and severity on cortical structures. DESIGN Mendelian randomization (MR) study. METHODS Data on the different COVID-19 phenotypes were obtained from the latest large-scale genome-wide association study (R7) of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative. Brain structure data, including cortical thickness (TH) and surface area (SA), were obtained from the ENIGMA Consortium. Additionally, we employed the round 5 dataset released in January 2021 as the validation cohort. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis in MR. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy. We performed enrichment analysis on the MR analyses that passed the sensitivity analysis filtering. RESULTS After IVW and sensitivity analyses, we observed causal associations between COVID-19 susceptibility and rostral middle frontal SAw (P = 0.0308, β = -39.1236), cuneus THw (P = 0.0170, β = -0.0121), medial orbitofrontal THw (P = 0.0002, β = 0.0225), postcentral THw (P = 0.0217, β = -0.0106), temporal pole THw (P = 0.0077, β = 0.0359), medial orbitofrontal SAnw (P = 0.0106, β = -24.0397), medial orbitofrontal THnw (P = 0.0007, β = 0.0232), paracentral SAnw (P = 0.0483, β = -20.1442), rostral middle frontal SAnw (P = 0.0368, β = -81.9719) and temporal pole THnw (P = 0.0429, β = 0.0353). COVID-19 hospitalization had causal effects on medial orbitofrontal THw (P = 0.0053, β = 0.0063), postcentral THw (P = 0.0143, β = -0.0042), entorhinal THnw (P = 0.0142, β = 0.0142), medial orbitofrontal THnw (P = 0.0147, β = 0.0065) and paracentral SAnw (P = 0.0119, β = -7.9970). COVID-19 severity had causal effects on rostral middle frontal SAw (P = 0.0122, β = -11.8296), medial orbitofrontal THw (P = 0.0155, β = 0.0038), superior parietal THw (P = 0.0291, β = -0.0021), lingual SAnw (P = 0.0202, β = -11.5270), medial orbitofrontal THnw (P = 0.0290, β = 0.0039), paracentral SAnw (P = 0.0180, β = -5.7744) and pars triangularis SAnw (P = 0.0151, β = -5.4520). CONCLUSION Our MR results demonstrate a causal relationship between different COVID-19 phenotypes and cortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sun
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z Shi
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Q Du
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - R Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Kong
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Luo
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Lang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Maimaitiaili S, Tang C, Liu C, Lv X, Chen Z, Zhang M, Cai J, Liang Z, Zhao B, Zhang W, Qiao T. Alterations in brain morphology and functional connectivity mediate cognitive decline in carotid atherosclerotic stenosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1395911. [PMID: 38974904 PMCID: PMC11225314 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1395911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with carotid atherosclerotic stenosis (CAS) often have varying degrees of cognitive decline. However, there is little evidence regarding how brain morphological and functional abnormalities impact the cognitive decline in CAS patients. This study aimed to determine how the brain morphological and functional changes affected the cognitive decline in patients with CAS. Methods The brain morphological differences were analyzed using surface and voxel-based morphometry, and the seed-based whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities were analyzed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Further, mediation analyses were performed to determine whether and how morphological and FC changes affect cognition in CAS patients. Results The CAS-MCI (CAS patients with mild cognitive impairment) group performed worse in working memory, verbal fluency, and executive time. Cortical thickness (CT) of the left postcentral and superiorparietal were significantly reduced in CAS-MCI patients. The gray matter volume (GMV) of the right olfactory, left temporal pole (superior temporal gyrus) (TPOsup.L), left middle temporal gyrus (MTG.L), and left insula (INS.L) were decreased in the CAS-MCI group. Besides, decreased seed-based FC between TPOsup.L and left precuneus, between MTG.L and TPOsup.L, and between INS.L and MTG.L, left middle frontal gyrus, as well as Superior frontal gyrus, were found in CAS-MCI patients. Mediation analyses demonstrated that morphological and functional abnormalities fully mediated the association between the maximum degree of carotid stenosis and cognitive function. Conclusion Multiple brain regions have decreased GMV and CT in CAS-MCI patients, along with disrupted seed-based FC. These morphological and functional changes play a crucial role in the cognitive impairment in CAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subinuer Maimaitiaili
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaochen Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zishun Liang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Qiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Forrer S, Delavari F, Sandini C, Rafi H, Preti MG, Van De Ville D, Eliez S. Longitudinal Analysis of Brain Function-Structure Dependencies in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and Psychotic Symptoms. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00141-1. [PMID: 38849032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with conventional unimodal analysis, understanding how brain function and structure relate to one another opens a new biologically relevant assessment of neural mechanisms. However, how function-structure dependencies (FSDs) evolve throughout typical and abnormal neurodevelopment remains elusive. The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) offers an important opportunity to study the development of FSDs and their specific association with the pathophysiology of psychosis. METHODS Previously, we used graph signal processing to combine brain activity and structural connectivity measures in adults, quantifying FSD. Here, we combined FSD with longitudinal multivariate partial least squares correlation to evaluate FSD alterations across groups and among patients with and without mild to moderate positive psychotic symptoms. We assessed 391 longitudinally repeated resting-state functional and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images from 194 healthy control participants and 197 deletion carriers (ages 7-34 years, data collected over a span of 12 years). RESULTS Compared with control participants, patients with 22q11.2DS showed a persistent developmental offset from childhood, with regions of hyper- and hypocoupling across the brain. Additionally, a second deviating developmental pattern showed an exacerbation during adolescence, presenting hypocoupling in the frontal and cingulate cortices and hypercoupling in temporal regions for patients with 22q11.2DS. Interestingly, the observed aggravation during adolescence was strongly driven by the group with positive psychotic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm a central role of altered FSD maturation in the emergence of psychotic symptoms in 22q11.2DS during adolescence. The FSD deviations precede the onset of psychotic episodes and thus offer a potential early indication for behavioral interventions in individuals at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas Forrer
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Medical Image Processing Laboratory, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Farnaz Delavari
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Medical Image Processing Laboratory, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Sandini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Halima Rafi
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, University of Geneva Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Giulia Preti
- Medical Image Processing Laboratory, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Medical Image Processing Laboratory, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Tsai P, Latypov TH, Hung PSP, Halawani A, Srisaikaew P, Walker MR, Zhang AB, Wang W, Hassannia F, Barake R, Gordon KA, Ibrahim GM, Rutka J, Hodaie M. Structural connectivity changes in unilateral hearing loss. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae220. [PMID: 38896551 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Network connectivity, as mapped by the whole brain connectome, plays a crucial role in regulating auditory function. Auditory deprivation such as unilateral hearing loss might alter structural network connectivity; however, these potential alterations are poorly understood. Thirty-seven acoustic neuroma patients with unilateral hearing loss (19 left-sided and 18 right-sided) and 19 healthy controls underwent diffusion-weighted and T1-weighted imaging to assess edge strength, node strength, and global efficiency of the structural connectome. Edge strength was estimated by pair-wise normalized streamline density from tractography and connectomics. Node strength and global efficiency were calculated through graph theory analysis of the connectome. Pure-tone audiometry and word recognition scores were used to correlate the degree and duration of unilateral hearing loss with node strength and global efficiency. We demonstrate significantly stronger edge strength and node strength through the visual network, weaker edge strength and node strength in the somatomotor network, and stronger global efficiency in the unilateral hearing loss patients. No discernible correlations were observed between the degree and duration of unilateral hearing loss and the measures of node strength or global efficiency. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of structural connectivity in hearing by facilitating visual network upregulation and somatomotor network downregulation after unilateral hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Tsai
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Timur H Latypov
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Peter Shih-Ping Hung
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Aisha Halawani
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst St, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, C967+PRM, King Abdul Aziz Medical City, Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Patcharaporn Srisaikaew
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Matthew R Walker
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Ashley B Zhang
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Wanzhang Wang
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Hassannia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Rana Barake
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Karen A Gordon
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Communication Disorders, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - George M Ibrahim
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, M5S 3G9 Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - John Rutka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mojgan Hodaie
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
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Wever MCM, Will GJ, van Houtum LAEM, Janssen LHC, Wentholt WGM, Spruit IM, Tollenaar MS, Elzinga BM. Neural and affective responses to prolonged eye contact with parents in depressed and nondepressed adolescents. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:567-581. [PMID: 38388938 PMCID: PMC11078816 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01169-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Eye contact improves mood, facilitates connectedness, and is assumed to strengthen the parent-child bond. Adolescent depression is linked to difficulties in social interactions, the parent-child bond included. Our goal was to elucidate adolescents' affective and neural responses to prolonged eye contact with one's parent in nondepressed adolescents (HC) and how these responses are affected in depressed adolescents. While in the scanner, 59 nondepressed and 19 depressed adolescents were asked to make eye contact with their parent, an unfamiliar peer, an unfamiliar adult, and themselves by using videos of prolonged direct and averted gaze, as an approximation of eye contact. After each trial, adolescents reported on their mood and feelings of connectedness, and eye movements and BOLD-responses were assessed. In HCs, eye contact boosted mood and feelings of connectedness and increased activity in inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), temporal pole, and superior frontal gyrus. Unlike HCs, eye contact did not boost the mood of depressed adolescents. While HCs reported increased mood and feelings of connectedness to the sight of their parent versus others, depressed adolescents did not. Depressed adolescents exhibited blunted overall IFG activity. These findings show that adolescents are particularly sensitive to eye contact and respond strongly to the sight of their parents. This sensitivity seems to be blunted in depressed adolescents. For clinical purposes, it is important to gain a better understanding of how the responsivity to eye contact in general and with their parents in particular, can be restored in adolescents with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam C M Wever
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Geert-Jan Will
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lisanne A E M van Houtum
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Loes H C Janssen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wilma G M Wentholt
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Iris M Spruit
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke S Tollenaar
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bernet M Elzinga
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RB, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands
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11
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Katsumi A, Iwata S, Tsukiura T. Roles of the Default Mode Network in Different Aspects of Self-representation When Remembering Social Autobiographical Memories. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:1021-1036. [PMID: 38527069 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Autobiographical memory (AM) is episodic memory for personally experienced events, in which self-representation is more important than that in laboratory-based memory. Theoretically, self-representation in a social context is categorized as the interpersonal self (IS) referred to in a social interaction with a person or the social-valued self (SS) based on the reputation of the self in the surrounding society. Although functional neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the involvement of the default mode network (DMN) in self-representation, little is known about how the DMN subsystems contribute differentially to IS-related and SS-related AMs. To elucidate this issue, we used fMRI to scan healthy young adults during the recollection of AMs. We performed multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) and assessed functional connectivity in the DMN subsystems: the midline core, medial temporal lobe (MTL), and dorsomedial pFC (dmPFC) subsystems. The study yielded two main sets of findings. First, MVPA revealed that all DMN subsystems showed significant classification accuracy between IS-related and nonsocial-self-related AMs, and IS-related functional connectivity of the midline core regions with the retrosplenial cortex of the MTL subsystem and the dmPFC of the dmPFC subsystem was significant. Second, MVPA significantly distinguished between SS-related and nonsocial-self-related AMs in the midline core and dmPFC subsystems but not in the MTL subsystem, and SS-related functional connectivity with the midline core regions was significant in the temporal pole and TPJ of the dmPFC subsystem. Thus, dissociable neural mechanisms in the DMN could contribute to different aspects of self-representation in social AMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeko Iwata
- Kyoto University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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12
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Guo R, Wu J, Zheng Y, Lin X, Zhuang Z, Yin J, Lin Z, Xie L, Ma S. Graph Theory Further Revealed Visual Spatial Working Memory Impairment in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2811-2823. [PMID: 38737113 PMCID: PMC11088826 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s462268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients may experience cognitive impairments in Visuospatial Working Memory (VSWM), significantly impacting their quality of life. However, the mechanisms underlying these impairments remain poorly understood. Methods We studied functional MRI and graph theory analysis to investigate changes in functional connectivity networks during the Mental Rotation Task (MRT) in IBD patients. Twenty IBD patients (13 males, 7 females; mean age = 34.95 ± 13.80 years; mean disease duration = 2.43 ± 2.37 years) participated in the study. Exclusion criteria encompassed recent use of analgesics, 5-Aminosalicylate, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressants within the past three months. Additionally, we recruited 20 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls for comparison. Results Compared to a control group, IBD patients exhibited significantly longer reaction times and reduced accuracy during the MRT. Our analysis revealed abnormalities in multiple nodal attributes within the functional connectivity network, particularly in regions such as the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, right supplementary motor area, bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, and bilateral anterior temporal lobe. We observed that the nodal efficiency in the left temporal pole is negatively correlated with Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and positively correlated with response time of MRT. Conclusion Our findings revealed notable abnormalities in multiple node attributes among IBD patients during MRT, providing evidence of cognitive impairments in VSWM in IBD patients. This study found RDW maybe can serve as a clinical indicator for predicting early VSWM impairment in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaona Lin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zelin Zhuang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Yin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Lin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Frank C, Albertazzi A, Murphy C. The effect of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele and olfactory function on odor identification networks. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3524. [PMID: 38702902 PMCID: PMC11069025 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combination of apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoE ε4) status, odor identification, and odor familiarity predicts conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS To further understand olfactory disturbances and AD risk, ApoE ε4 carrier (mean age 76.38 ± 5.21) and ε4 non-carrier (mean age 76.8 ± 3.35) adults were given odor familiarity and identification tests and performed an odor identification task during fMRI scanning. Five task-related functional networks were detected using independent components analysis. Main and interaction effects of mean odor familiarity ratings, odor identification scores, and ε4 status on network activation and task-modulation of network functional connectivity (FC) during correct and incorrect odor identification (hits and misses), controlling for age and sex, were explored using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Findings suggested that sensory-olfactory network activation was positively associated with odor identification scores in ε4 carriers with intact odor familiarity. The FC of sensory-olfactory, multisensory-semantic integration, and occipitoparietal networks was altered in ε4 carriers with poorer odor familiarity and identification. In ε4 carriers with poorer familiarity, connectivity between superior frontal areas and the sensory-olfactory network was negatively associated with odor identification scores. CONCLUSIONS The results contribute to the clarification of the neurocognitive structure of odor identification processing and suggest that poorer odor familiarity and identification in ε4 carriers may signal multi-network dysfunction. Odor familiarity and identification assessment in ε4 carriers may contribute to the predictive value of risk for MCI and AD due to the breakdown of sensory-cognitive network integration. Additional research on olfactory processing in those at risk for AD is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conner Frank
- SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical PsychologySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Abigail Albertazzi
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Claire Murphy
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Chen TY, Zhu JD, Tsai SJ, Yang AC. Exploring morphological similarity and randomness in Alzheimer's disease using adjacent grey matter voxel-based structural analysis. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:88. [PMID: 38654366 PMCID: PMC11036786 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is characterized by large-scale structural changes in a specific pattern. Recent studies developed morphological similarity networks constructed by brain regions similar in structural features to represent brain structural organization. However, few studies have used local morphological properties to explore inter-regional structural similarity in Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Here, we sourced T1-weighted MRI images of 342 cognitively normal participants and 276 individuals with Alzheimer's disease from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. The relationships of grey matter intensity between adjacent voxels were defined and converted to the structural pattern indices. We conducted the information-based similarity method to evaluate the structural similarity of structural pattern organization between brain regions. Besides, we examined the structural randomness on brain regions. Finally, the relationship between the structural randomness and cognitive performance of individuals with Alzheimer's disease was assessed by stepwise regression. RESULTS Compared to cognitively normal participants, individuals with Alzheimer's disease showed significant structural pattern changes in the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, and olfactory cortex. Additionally, individuals with Alzheimer's disease showed that the bilateral insula had decreased inter-regional structural similarity with frontal regions, while the bilateral hippocampus had increased inter-regional structural similarity with temporal and subcortical regions. For the structural randomness, we found significant decreases in the temporal and subcortical areas and significant increases in the occipital and frontal regions. The regression analysis showed that the structural randomness of five brain regions was correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination scores of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that individuals with Alzheimer's disease alter micro-structural patterns and morphological similarity with the insula and hippocampus. Structural randomness of individuals with Alzheimer's disease changed in temporal, frontal, and occipital brain regions. Morphological similarity and randomness provide valuable insight into brain structural organization in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Chen
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Digital Medicine and Smart Healthcare Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ding Zhu
- Digital Medicine and Smart Healthcare Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Albert C Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Digital Medicine and Smart Healthcare Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Xu F, Ma J, Wang W, Li H. A longitudinal study of the brain structure network changes in HIV patients with ANI: combined VBM with SCN. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1388616. [PMID: 38694776 PMCID: PMC11061470 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1388616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the widespread adoption of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in managing HIV, the virus's impact on the brain structure of patients remains significant. This study aims to longitudinally explore the persistent effects of HIV on brain structure, focusing on changes in gray matter volume (GMV) and structural covariance network (SCN) among patients at the Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment (ANI) stage. Methods This research involved 45 HIV patients diagnosed with ANI and 45 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs). The participants were observed over a 1.5-year period. Differences in GMV between groups were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), while the graph theory model facilitated the establishment of topological metrics for assessing network indices. These differences were evaluated using two-sample t-tests and paired-sample t-tests, applying the network-based statistics method. Additionally, the study examined correlations between GMV and cognitive performance, as well as clinical variables. Results Compared with HCs, HIV patients demonstrated reduced GMV in the right middle temporal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus (FWE, p < 0.05), along with decreased betweenness centrality (BC) in the left anterior cingulate and paracingulate cortex. Conversely, an increase in the clustering coefficient (Cp) was observed (FDR, p < 0.05). During the follow-up period, a decline in GMV in the right fusiform gyrus (FWE, p < 0.05) and a reduction in node efficiency (Ne) in the triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus were noted compared with baseline measurements (FDR, p < 0.05). The SCN of HIV patients exhibited small-world properties across most sparsity levels (Sigma >1), and area under the curve (AUC) analysis revealed no significant statistical differences between groups. Conclusion The findings suggest that despite the administration of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV continues to exert slow and sustained damage on brain structures. However, when compared to HCs, the small-world properties of the patients' SCNs did not significantly differ, and the clustering coefficient, indicative of the overall information-processing capacity of the brain network, was slightly elevated in HIV patients. This elevation may relate to compensatory effects of brain area functions, the impact of cART, functional reorganization, or inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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16
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Shao Z, Tan Y, Zhan Y, He L. Modular organization of functional brain networks in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8593. [PMID: 38615051 PMCID: PMC11016091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that brain functional plasticity and reorganization in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). However, the effects of cervical cord compression on the functional integration and separation between and/or within modules remain unclear. This study aimed to address these questions using graph theory. Functional MRI was conducted on 46 DCM patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs). The intra- and inter-modular connectivity properties of the whole-brain functional network and nodal topological properties were then calculated using theoretical graph analysis. The difference in categorical variables between groups was compared using a chi-squared test, while that between continuous variables was evaluated using a two-sample t-test. Correlation analysis was conducted between modular connectivity properties and clinical parameters. Modules interaction analyses showed that the DCM group had significantly greater inter-module connections than the HCs group (DMN-FPN: t = 2.38, p = 0.02); inversely, the DCM group had significantly lower intra-module connections than the HCs group (SMN: t = - 2.13, p = 0.036). Compared to HCs, DCM patients exhibited higher nodal topological properties in the default-mode network and frontal-parietal network. In contrast, DCM patients exhibited lower nodal topological properties in the sensorimotor network. The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score was positively correlated with inter-module connections (r = 0.330, FDR p = 0.029) but not correlated with intra-module connections. This study reported alterations in modular connections and nodal centralities in DCM patients. Decreased nodal topological properties and intra-modular connection in the sensory-motor regions may indicate sensory-motor dysfunction. Additionally, increased nodal topological properties and inter-modular connection in the default mode network and frontal-parietal network may serve as a compensatory mechanism for sensory-motor dysfunction in DCM patients. This could provide an implicative neural basis to better understand alterations in brain networks and the patterns of changes in brain plasticity in DCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Shao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging In Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Yongming Tan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging In Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaru Zhan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging In Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Laichang He
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging In Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.
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Abstract
Sensory loss in olfaction, vision, and hearing is a risk factor for dementia, but the reasons for this are unclear. This review presents the neurobiological evidence linking each sensory modality to specific dementias and explores the potential mechanisms underlying this. Olfactory deficits can be linked to direct neuropathologic changes in the olfactory system due to Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, and may be a marker of disease severity. Visual deficits potentially increase dementia risk in a vulnerable individual by reducing resilience to dementia. Hearing deficits may indicate a susceptibility to Alzheimer disease through a variety of mechanisms. More generally, sensory impairment could be related to factors associated with resilience against dementia. Further research is needed to tease out the specific and synergistic effects of sensory impairment. Studying sensory loss in relation to neurodegenerative biomarkers is necessary to clarify the mechanisms involved. This could produce new monitoring and management strategies for people at risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher Lad
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - William Sedley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Timothy D Griffiths
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- Human Brain Research Laboratory, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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18
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Juvodden HT, Alnæs D, Agartz I, Andreassen OA, Server A, Thorsby PM, Westlye LT, Knudsen-Heier S. Cortical thickness and sub-cortical volumes in post-H1N1 narcolepsy type 1: A brain-wide MRI case-control study. Sleep Med 2024; 116:81-89. [PMID: 38432031 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There was more than a 10-fold increase in the incidence of narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) after the H1N1 mass vaccination in 2009/2010 in several countries. NT1 is associated with loss and increase of cell groups in the hypothalamus which may be associated with secondary affected sub-cortical and cortical gray matter. We performed a case-control comparison of MRI-based global and sub-cortical volume and cortical thickness in post-H1N1 NT1 patients compared with controls. METHODS We included 54 post-H1N1 NT1 patients (51 with confirmed hypocretin-deficiency; 48 H1N1-vaccinated with Pandemrix®; 39 females, mean age 21.8 ± 11.0 years) and 114 healthy controls (77 females, mean age 23.2 ± 9.0 years). 3T MRI brain scans were obtained, and the T1-weighted MRI data were processed using FreeSurfer. Group differences among three global, 10 sub-cortical volume measures and 34 cortical thickness measures for bilateral brain regions were tested using general linear models with permutation testing. RESULTS Patients had significantly thinner brain cortex bilaterally in the temporal poles (Cohen's d = 0.68, p = 0.00080), entorhinal cortex (d = 0.60, p = 0.0018) and superior temporal gyrus (d = 0.60, p = 0.0020) compared to healthy controls. The analysis revealed no significant group differences for sub-cortical volumes. CONCLUSIONS Post-H1N1(largely Pandemrix®-vaccinated) NT1 patients have significantly thinner cortex in temporal brain regions compared to controls. We speculate that this effect can be partly attributed to the hypothalamic neuronal change in NT1, including loss of function of the widely projecting hypocretin-producing neurons and secondary effects of the abnormal sleep-wake pattern in NT1 or could be specific for post-H1N1 (largely Pandemrix®-vaccinated) NT1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde T Juvodden
- Norwegian Centre of Expertise for Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Hypersomnias (NevSom), Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway.
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Andres Server
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per M Thorsby
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Biochemical Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Group, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Stine Knudsen-Heier
- Norwegian Centre of Expertise for Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Hypersomnias (NevSom), Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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19
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Wang F, Zhu Z, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Liang C, Chen J, Liu B, Ren H, Yang X. MRI brain structural and functional networks changes in Parkinson disease with REM sleep behavior disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1364727. [PMID: 38560024 PMCID: PMC10978796 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1364727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is common in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). In spite of that, the precise mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of RBD among PD remains unclear. Objective The aim of the present study was to analyze gray matter volumes (GMVs) as well as the changes of functional connectivity (FC) among PD patients with RBD (PD-RBD) by employing a combination of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and FC methods. Methods A total of 65 PD patients and 21 healthy control (HC) subjects were included in this study. VBM analyses were performed on all subjects. Subsequently, regions with significant different GMVs between PD patients with and without RBD (PD-nRBD) were selected for further analysis of FC. Correlations between altered GMVs and FC values with RBD scores were also investigated. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed for the evaluation of the predictive value of GMVs and FC in identifying RBD in PD. Results PD-RBD patients exhibited lower GMVs in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and bilateral cuneus. Furthermore, we observed higher FC between the left MTG and the right postcentral gyrus (PoCG), as well as lower FC between the bilateral cuneus (CUN) and the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) among PD-RBD patients in contrast with PD-nRBD patients. Moreover, the GMVs of MTG (extending to the right PoCG) was positively correlated with RBD severity [as measured by REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ) score]. Conversely, the FC value between the bilateral CUN and the right MTG in PD-RBD patients was negatively correlated with RBDSQ score. Conclusion This study revealed the presence replace with GMV and FC changes among PD-RBD patients, which were closely linked to the severity of RBD symptoms. Furthermore, the combination of basic clinical characteristics, GMVs and FC values effectively predicted RBD for individuals with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chuanbin Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongyun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yangfan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunyu Liang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jieyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinglong Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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20
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Bishay S, Robb WH, Schwartz TM, Smith DS, Lee LH, Lynn CJ, Clark TL, Jefferson AL, Warner JL, Rosenthal EL, Murphy BA, Hohman TJ, Koran MEI. Frontal and anterior temporal hypometabolism post chemoradiation in head and neck cancer: A real-world PET study. J Neuroimaging 2024; 34:211-216. [PMID: 38148283 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adverse neurological effects after cancer therapy are common, but biomarkers to diagnose, monitor, or risk stratify patients are still not validated or used clinically. An accessible imaging method, such as fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) of the brain, could meet this gap and serve as a biomarker for functional brain changes. We utilized FDG PET to evaluate which brain regions are most susceptible to altered glucose metabolism after chemoradiation in patients with head and neck cancer (HNCa). METHODS Real-world FDG PET images were acquired as standard of care before and after chemoradiation for HNCa in 68 patients. Linear mixed-effects voxelwise models assessed changes after chemoradiation in cerebral glucose metabolism quantified with standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR), covarying for follow-up time and patient demographics. RESULTS Voxelwise analysis revealed two large clusters of decreased glucose metabolism in the medial frontal and polar temporal cortices following chemoradiation, with decreases of approximately 5% SUVR after therapy. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that standard chemoradiation for HNCa can lead to decreased neuronal glucose metabolism, contributing to literature emphasizing the vulnerability of the frontal and anterior temporal lobes, especially in HNCa, where these areas may be particularly vulnerable to indirect radiation-induced injury. FDG PET shows promise as a sensitive biomarker for assessing these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Bishay
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - W Hudson Robb
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Trent M Schwartz
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David S Smith
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lok Hin Lee
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cynthia J Lynn
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tammy L Clark
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Angela L Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeremy L Warner
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Eben L Rosenthal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Barbara A Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mary Ellen I Koran
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Romero-Molina AO, Ramirez-Garcia G, Chirino-Perez A, Fuentes-Zavaleta DA, Hernandez-Castillo CR, Marrufo-Melendez O, Lopez-Gonzalez D, Rodriguez-Rodriguez M, Castorena-Maldonado A, Rodriguez-Agudelo Y, Paz-Rodriguez F, Chavez-Oliveros M, Lozano-Tovar S, Gutierrez-Romero A, Arauz-Gongora A, Garcia-Santos RA, Fernandez-Ruiz J. SARS-CoV-2's brain impact: revealing cortical and cerebellar differences via cluster analysis in COVID-19 recovered patients. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:837-848. [PMID: 38172414 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a disease known for its neurological involvement. SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers neuroinflammation, which could significantly contribute to the development of long-term neurological symptoms and structural alterations in the gray matter. However, the existence of a consistent pattern of cerebral atrophy remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to identify patterns of brain involvement in recovered COVID-19 patients and explore potential relationships with clinical variables during hospitalization. METHODOLOGY In this study, we included 39 recovered patients and 39 controls from a pre-pandemic database to ensure their non-exposure to the virus. We obtained clinical data of the patients during hospitalization, and 3 months later; in addition we obtained T1-weighted magnetic resonance images and performed standard screening cognitive tests. RESULTS We identified two groups of recovered patients based on a cluster analysis of the significant cortical thickness differences between patients and controls. Group 1 displayed significant cortical thickness differences in specific cerebral regions, while Group 2 exhibited significant differences in the cerebellum, though neither group showed cognitive deterioration at the group level. Notably, Group 1 showed a tendency of higher D-dimer values during hospitalization compared to Group 2, prior to p-value correction. CONCLUSION This data-driven division into two groups based on the brain structural differences, and the possible link to D-dimer values may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of SARS-COV-2 neurological disruption and its impact on the brain during and after recovery from the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Omar Romero-Molina
- Instituto de Neuroetologia, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Ramirez-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Amanda Chirino-Perez
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Fernandez-Ruiz
- Instituto de Neuroetologia, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Olszewska AM, Gaca M, Droździel D, Widlarz A, Herman AM, Marchewka A. Understanding functional brain reorganization for naturalistic piano playing in novice pianists. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25312. [PMID: 38400578 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Learning to play the piano is a unique complex task, integrating multiple sensory modalities and higher order cognitive functions. Longitudinal neuroimaging studies on adult novice musicians show training-related functional changes in music perception tasks. The reorganization of brain activity while actually playing an instrument was studied only on a very short time frame of a single fMRI session, and longer interventions have not yet been performed. Thus, our aim was to investigate the dynamic complexity of functional brain reorganization while playing the piano within the first half year of musical training. We scanned 24 novice keyboard learners (female, 18-23 years old) using fMRI while they played increasingly complex musical pieces after 1, 6, 13, and 26 weeks of training. Playing music evoked responses bilaterally in the auditory, inferior frontal, and supplementary motor areas, and the left sensorimotor cortex. The effect of training over time, however, invoked widespread changes encompassing the right sensorimotor cortex, cerebellum, superior parietal cortex, anterior insula and hippocampus, among others. As the training progressed, the activation of these regions decreased while playing music. Post hoc analysis revealed region-specific time-courses for independent auditory and motor regions of interest. These results suggest that while the primary sensory, motor, and frontal regions are associated with playing music, the training decreases the involvement of higher order cognitive control and integrative regions, and basal ganglia. Moreover, training might affect distinct brain regions in different ways, providing evidence in favor of the dynamic nature of brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja M Olszewska
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Gaca
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dawid Droździel
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Widlarz
- Department of Choir Conducting and Singing, Music Education and Rhythmics, The Chopin University of Music, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Herman
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Marchewka
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Ross D, Wagshul ME, Izzetoglu M, Holtzer R. Cortical thickness moderates intraindividual variability in prefrontal cortex activation patterns of older adults during walking. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:117-127. [PMID: 37366047 PMCID: PMC10751394 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased intraindividual variability (IIV) in behavioral and cognitive performance is a risk factor for adverse outcomes but research concerning hemodynamic signal IIV is limited. Cortical thinning occurs during aging and is associated with cognitive decline. Dual-task walking (DTW) performance in older adults has been related to cognition and neural integrity. We examined the hypothesis that reduced cortical thickness would be associated with greater increases in IIV in prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) from single tasks to DTW in healthy older adults while adjusting for behavioral performance. METHOD Participants were 55 healthy community-dwelling older adults (mean age = 74.84, standard deviation (SD) = 4.97). Structural MRI was used to quantify cortical thickness. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to assess changes in prefrontal cortex HbO2 during walking. HbO2 IIV was operationalized as the SD of HbO2 observations assessed during the first 30 seconds of each task. Linear mixed models were used to examine the moderation effect of cortical thickness throughout the cortex on HbO2 IIV across task conditions. RESULTS Analyses revealed that thinner cortex in several regions was associated with greater increases in HbO2 IIV from the single tasks to DTW (ps < .02). CONCLUSIONS Consistent with neural inefficiency, reduced cortical thickness in the PFC and throughout the cerebral cortex was associated with increases in HbO2 IIV from the single tasks to DTW without behavioral benefit. Reduced cortical thickness and greater IIV of prefrontal cortex HbO2 during DTW may be further investigated as risk factors for developing mobility impairments in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daliah Ross
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mark E. Wagshul
- Department of Radiology, Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Meltem Izzetoglu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Roee Holtzer
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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24
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Chan YLE, Tsai SJ, Chern Y, Yang AC. Exploring the role of hub and network dysfunction in brain connectomes of schizophrenia using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1305359. [PMID: 38260783 PMCID: PMC10800602 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1305359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pathophysiological etiology of schizophrenia remains unclear due to the heterogeneous nature of its biological and clinical manifestations. Dysfunctional communication among large-scale brain networks and hub nodes have been reported. In this study, an exploratory approach was adopted to evaluate the dysfunctional connectome of brain in schizophrenia. Methods Two hundred adult individuals with schizophrenia and 200 healthy controls were recruited from Taipei Veterans General Hospital. All subjects received functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. Functional connectivity (FC) between parcellated brain regions were obtained. Pair-wise brain regions with significantly different functional connectivity among the two groups were identified and further analyzed for their concurrent ratio of connectomic differences with another solitary brain region (single-FC dysfunction) or dynamically interconnected brain network (network-FC dysfunction). Results The right thalamus had the highest number of significantly different pair-wise functional connectivity between schizophrenia and control groups, followed by the left thalamus and the right middle frontal gyrus. For individual brain regions, dysfunctional single-FCs and network-FCs could be found concurrently. Dysfunctional single-FCs distributed extensively in the whole brain of schizophrenia patients, but overlapped in similar groups of brain nodes. A dysfunctional module could be formed, with thalamus being the key dysfunctional hub. Discussion The thalamus can be a critical hub in the brain that its dysfunctional connectome with other brain regions is significant in schizophrenia patients. Interconnections between dysfunctional FCs for individual brain regions may provide future guide to identify critical brain pathology associated with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Lam E. Chan
- Doctoral Degree Program of Translational Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yijuang Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Albert C. Yang
- Institute of Brain Science/Digital Medicine Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Han S, Oh M, Lee H, Hopkins JT. The effects of kinesiophobia on postural control with chronic ankle instability. Gait Posture 2024; 107:269-274. [PMID: 37914561 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) often experience injury-related fear following ankle injuries, a condition known as kinesiophobia. Little research has investigated the impact of kinesiophobia in patients with CAI. RESEARCH QUESTION How does kinesiophobia impact the static and dynamic balance of individuals with CAI? METHODS Fifty patients with CAI were divided into 2 subgroups based on their responses to the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia: 25 with kinesiophobia (CAI-K) and 25 without kinesiophobia (CAI-N). These groups were compared to 20 control participants. All participants performed a single-leg balance test with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). They also performed the Y-balance test (YBT) with EO. Romberg ratios were calculated as EC/EO and used for statistical analysis. RESULTS No differences in static balance with EO and EC were found among three groups. However, the CAI-K group displayed a higher Romberg ratio in the mediolateral direction during static balance than both CAI-N and control groups. Additionally, both CAI-K and CAI-N groups displayed higher Romberg ratio in the anterior-posterior than controls. During YBT, the CAI-K group showed reduced reach distance in the anterior direction than CAI-N and control groups. SIGNIFICANCE The CAI-K group relies more on visual feedback during static balance in the mediolateral direction than CAI-N and control groups. Furthermore, the CAI-K group displayed less anterior reach distance during YBT compared to the CAI-N and control groups. Clinicians should consider both psychological and physical factors when designing rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunguk Han
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Minsub Oh
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Hyunwook Lee
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
| | - Jon Tyson Hopkins
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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Xiang J, Sun Y, Wu X, Guo Y, Xue J, Niu Y, Cui X. Abnormal Spatial and Temporal Overlap of Time-Varying Brain Functional Networks in Patients with Schizophrenia. Brain Sci 2023; 14:40. [PMID: 38248255 PMCID: PMC10813230 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex psychiatric disorder with unclear etiology and pathological features. Neuroscientists are increasingly proposing that schizophrenia is an abnormality in the dynamic organization of brain networks. Previous studies have found that the dynamic brain networks of people with SZ are abnormal in both space and time. However, little is known about the interactions and overlaps between hubs of the brain underlying spatiotemporal dynamics. In this study, we aimed to investigate different patterns of spatial and temporal overlap of hubs between SZ patients and healthy individuals. Specifically, we obtained resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the public dataset for 43 SZ patients and 49 healthy individuals. We derived a representation of time-varying functional connectivity using the Jackknife Correlation (JC) method. We employed the Betweenness Centrality (BC) method to identify the hubs of the brain's functional connectivity network. We then applied measures of temporal overlap, spatial overlap, and hierarchical clustering to investigate differences in the organization of brain hubs between SZ patients and healthy controls. Our findings suggest significant differences between SZ patients and healthy controls at the whole-brain and subnetwork levels. Furthermore, spatial overlap and hierarchical clustering analysis showed that quasi-periodic patterns were disrupted in SZ patients. Analyses of temporal overlap revealed abnormal pairwise engagement preferences in the hubs of SZ patients. These results provide new insights into the dynamic characteristics of the network organization of the SZ brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yumeng Sun
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Xubin Wu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yuxiang Guo
- School of Software, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
| | - Jiayue Xue
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yan Niu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (J.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (J.X.); (Y.N.)
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Olson HA, Chen EM, Lydic KO, Saxe RR. Left-Hemisphere Cortical Language Regions Respond Equally to Observed Dialogue and Monologue. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 4:575-610. [PMID: 38144236 PMCID: PMC10745132 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Much of the language we encounter in our everyday lives comes in the form of conversation, yet the majority of research on the neural basis of language comprehension has used input from only one speaker at a time. Twenty adults were scanned while passively observing audiovisual conversations using functional magnetic resonance imaging. In a block-design task, participants watched 20 s videos of puppets speaking either to another puppet (the dialogue condition) or directly to the viewer (the monologue condition), while the audio was either comprehensible (played forward) or incomprehensible (played backward). Individually functionally localized left-hemisphere language regions responded more to comprehensible than incomprehensible speech but did not respond differently to dialogue than monologue. In a second task, participants watched videos (1-3 min each) of two puppets conversing with each other, in which one puppet was comprehensible while the other's speech was reversed. All participants saw the same visual input but were randomly assigned which character's speech was comprehensible. In left-hemisphere cortical language regions, the time course of activity was correlated only among participants who heard the same character speaking comprehensibly, despite identical visual input across all participants. For comparison, some individually localized theory of mind regions and right-hemisphere homologues of language regions responded more to dialogue than monologue in the first task, and in the second task, activity in some regions was correlated across all participants regardless of which character was speaking comprehensibly. Together, these results suggest that canonical left-hemisphere cortical language regions are not sensitive to differences between observed dialogue and monologue.
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Sharma D, Sharma M, Kaur P, Awasthy S, Kaushal S, D'Souza M, Bagler G, Modi S. Camouflage Detection and Its Association with Cognitive Style: A Functional Connectivity Study. Brain Connect 2023; 13:598-609. [PMID: 37847159 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2023.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Individual differences exist in performance in tasks that require visual search, such as camouflage detection (CD). Field dependence/independence (FD/I), as assessed using the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), is an extensively studied dimension of cognitive style that classifies participants based on their visual perceptual styles. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we utilized fMRI on 46 healthy participants to investigate the underlying neural mechanisms specific to the cognitive styles of FD/FI while performing a CD task using both activation magnitude and an exploratory functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Group differences between high and low performers on the two extremes of the accuracy continuum of GEFT were studied. Results: No statistically significant group differences were observed using whole-brain voxel-wise comparison. However, the exploratory FC analysis revealed an enhanced communication between various regions subserving the cognitive traits required for visual search by FI participants over and above their FD counterparts. Conclusion: These enhanced connectivities suggest additional recruitment of cognitive functions to provide computational support that might facilitate superior performance in CD task by the participants who display a field-independent cognitive style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India
| | - Mini Sharma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Soumi Awasthy
- Defence Institute of Psychological Research, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Shubham Kaushal
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Maria D'Souza
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Ganesh Bagler
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Shilpi Modi
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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Liu Z, Zhao H, Xu Y, Liu J, Cui F. Prosocial decision-making under time pressure: Behavioral and neural mechanisms. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6090-6104. [PMID: 37771259 PMCID: PMC10619401 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study employed a novel paradigm and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to uncover the specific regulatory mechanism of time pressure and empathy trait in prosocial decision-making, compared to self-decision making. Participants were instructed to decide whether to spend their own monetary interest to alleviate themselves (or another person) from unpleasant noise threats under high and low time pressures. On the behavioral level, results showed that high time pressure had a significant effect on reducing participants' willingness to spend money on relieving themselves from the noise, while there is a similar but not significant trend in prosocial decision-making. On the neural level, for self-concerned decision-making, low time pressure activated the bilateral insula more strongly than high time pressure. For prosocial decision-making, high time pressure suppressed activations in multiple brain regions related to empathy (temporal pole, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus), valuation (medial orbitofrontal cortex), and emotion (putamen). The functional connectivity strength among these regions, especially the connectivity between the medial orbitofrontal cortex and putamen, significantly predicted the effect of time pressure on prosocial decision-making at the behavioral level. Additionally, we discovered the activation of the medial orbitofrontal cortex partially mediated the effect of empathy trait scores on prosocial decision-making. These findings suggest that (1) there are different neural underpinnings for the modulation of time pressure for self and prosocial decision-making, and (2) the empathy trait plays a crucial role in the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Liu
- School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Hailing Zhao
- School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yashi Xu
- School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Jie Liu
- School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive NeuroscienceShenzhenChina
| | - Fang Cui
- School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive NeuroscienceShenzhenChina
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30
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Jiang X, Zai CC, Sultan AA, Dimick MK, Nikolova YS, Felsky D, Young LT, MacIntosh BJ, Goldstein BI. Association of polygenic risk for bipolar disorder with resting-state network functional connectivity in youth with and without bipolar disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 77:38-52. [PMID: 37717349 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.08.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Little is known regarding the polygenic underpinnings of anomalous resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in youth bipolar disorder (BD). The current study examined the association of polygenic risk for BD (BD-PRS) with whole-brain rsFC at the large-scale network level in youth with and without BD. 99 youth of European ancestry (56 BD, 43 healthy controls [HC]), ages 13-20 years, completed resting-state fMRI scans. BD-PRS was calculated using summary statistics from the latest adult BD genome-wide association study. Data-driven independent component analyses of the resting-state fMRI data were implemented to examine the association of BD-PRS with rsFC in the overall sample, and separately in BD and HC. In the overall sample, higher BD-PRS was associated with lower rsFC of the salience network and higher rsFC of the frontoparietal network with frontal and parietal regions. Within the BD group, higher BD-PRS was associated with higher rsFC of the default mode network with orbitofrontal cortex, and altered rsFC of the visual network with frontal and occipital regions. Within the HC group, higher BD-PRS was associated with altered rsFC of the frontoparietal network with frontal, temporal and occipital regions. In conclusion, the current study found that BD-PRS generated based on adult genetic data was associated with altered rsFC patterns of brain networks in youth. Our findings support the usefulness of BD-PRS to investigate genetically influenced neuroimaging markers of vulnerability to BD, which can be observed in youth with BD early in their course of illness as well as in healthy youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Jiang
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alysha A Sultan
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mikaela K Dimick
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Felsky
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Totonto, ON, Canada
| | - L Trevor Young
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Sandra E Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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31
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Sasaki T, Makris N, Shenton ME, Savadjiev P, Rathi Y, Eckbo R, Bouix S, Yeterian E, Dickerson BC, Kubicki M. Structural connectivity of cytoarchitectonically distinct human left temporal pole subregions: a diffusion MRI tractography study. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1240545. [PMID: 38090110 PMCID: PMC10713846 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1240545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The temporal pole (TP) is considered one of the major paralimbic cortical regions, and is involved in a variety of functions such as sensory perception, emotion, semantic processing, and social cognition. Based on differences in cytoarchitecture, the TP can be further subdivided into smaller regions (dorsal, ventrolateral and ventromedial), each forming key nodes of distinct functional networks. However, the brain structural connectivity profile of TP subregions is not fully clarified. Using diffusion MRI data in a set of 31 healthy subjects, we aimed to elucidate the comprehensive structural connectivity of three cytoarchitectonically distinct TP subregions. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis suggested that major association fiber pathways such as the inferior longitudinal, middle longitudinal, arcuate, and uncinate fasciculi provide structural connectivity to the TP. Further analysis suggested partially overlapping yet still distinct structural connectivity patterns across the TP subregions. Specifically, the dorsal subregion is strongly connected with wide areas in the parietal lobe, the ventrolateral subregion with areas including constituents of the default-semantic network, and the ventromedial subregion with limbic and paralimbic areas. Our results suggest the involvement of the TP in a set of extensive but distinct networks of cortical regions, consistent with its functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sasaki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Martha E. Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter Savadjiev
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan Eckbo
- Frontotemporal Disorders Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Edward Yeterian
- Department of Psychology, Colby College, Waterville, ME, United States
| | - Bradford C. Dickerson
- Frontotemporal Disorders Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Morphometric Analysis, Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
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32
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Kalc P, Dahnke R, Hoffstaedter F, Gaser C. Low bone mineral density is associated with gray matter volume decrease in UK Biobank. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1287304. [PMID: 38020770 PMCID: PMC10654785 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1287304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Previous research has found an association of low bone mineral density (BMD) and regional gray matter (GM) volume loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We were interested whether BMD is associated with GM volume decrease in brains of a healthy elderly population from the UK Biobank. Materials and methods T1-weighted images from 5,518 women (MAge = 70.20, SD = 3.54; age range: 65-82 years) and 7,595 men (MAge = 70.84, SD = 3.68; age range: 65-82 years) without neurological or psychiatric impairments were included in voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis in CAT12 with threshold-free-cluster-enhancement (TFCE) across the whole brain. Results We found a significant decrease of GM volume in women in the superior frontal gyri, middle temporal gyri, fusiform gyri, temporal poles, cingulate gyri, precunei, right parahippocampal gyrus and right hippocampus, right ventral diencephalon, and right pre- and postcentral gyrus. Only small effects were found in men in subcallosal area, left basal forebrain and entorhinal area. Conclusion BMD is associated with low GM volume in women but less in men in regions afflicted in the early-stages of AD even in a sample without neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polona Kalc
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Dahnke
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix Hoffstaedter
- Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Gaser
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Jena-Halle-Magdeburg, Germany
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33
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González-Alemañy E, Rodríguez Olivera AD, Bobes MA, Armony JL. Brain structural correlates of psychopathic traits in elite female combat-sports athletes. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4255-4263. [PMID: 37884281 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Psychopathy is characterized by glibness and superficial charm, as well as a lack of empathy, guilt and remorse, and is often accompanied by antisocial behaviour. The cerebral bases of this syndrome have been mostly studied in violent subjects or those with a criminal history. However, the antisocial component of psychopathy is not central to its conceptualization, and in fact, psychopathic traits are present in well-adjusted, non-criminal individuals within the general population. Interestingly, certain psychopathy characteristics appear to be particularly pronounced in some groups or professions. Importantly, as these so-called adaptive or successful psychopaths do not show antisocial tendencies or have significant psychiatric comorbidities, they may represent an ideal population to study this trait. Here, we investigated such a group, specifically elite female judo athletes, and compared them with matched non-athletes. Participants completed psychopathy, anger, perspective-taking and empathic concern questionnaires and underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Grey matter volume (GMV) was computed using voxel-based morphometry from the T1-weighted images. Athletes scored significantly higher in primary psychopathy and anger and lower in empathy and perspective taking. They also exhibited smaller GMV in the right temporal pole, left occipital cortex and left amygdala/hippocampus. GMV values for the latter cluster significantly correlated with primary psychopathy scores across both groups. These results confirm and extend previous findings to a little-studied population and provide support for the conceptualization of psychopathy as a dimensional personality trait which not only is not necessarily associated with antisocial behaviour but may potentially have adaptive value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Antonieta Bobes
- Department of Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana, Cuba
| | - Jorge L Armony
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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34
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Izuno S, Yoshihara K, Hosoi M, Eto S, Hirabayashi N, Todani T, Gondo M, Hayaki C, Anno K, Hiwatashi A, Sudo N. Psychological characteristics associated with the brain volume of patients with fibromyalgia. Biopsychosoc Med 2023; 17:36. [PMID: 37875931 PMCID: PMC10594713 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-023-00293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease characterized by chronic widespread pain concomitant with psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and depression. It has been reported that FM patients engage in pain catastrophizing. In this study, we investigated characteristics of the brain volume of female FM patients and the association between psychological indices and brain volume. Thirty-nine female FM patients and 25 female healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for the study, and five FM patients were excluded due to white matter lesions. The following analyses were performed: (1) T1-weighted MRI were acquired for 34 FM patients (age 41.6 ± 7.4) and 25 HCs (age 39.5 ± 7.4). SPM12 was used to compare their gray and white matter volumes. (2) Data from anxiety and depression questionnaires (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (subscales rumination, helplessness, magnification), and MRI were acquired for 34 FM patients (age 41.6 ± 7.4). Correlation analysis was done of the psychological indices and brain volume. We found that (1) The white matter volume of the temporal pole was larger in the FM patient group than in the HC group. (2) Correlation analysis of the psychological indices and gray matter volume showed a negative correlation between trait anxiety and the amygdala. For the white matter volume, positive correlations were found between depression and the brainstem and between magnification and the postcentral gyrus. Changes in the brain volume of female FM patients may be related to anxiety, depression, and pain catastrophizing.
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Grants
- JP16K15414 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP19H03752 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP20K03417 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP19FG2001 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
- JP20FC1056 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
- JP19ek0610015h0003 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- JP19dm0307104 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Izuno
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Yoshihara
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Masako Hosoi
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sanami Eto
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | | | - Tae Todani
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Motoharu Gondo
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chie Hayaki
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kozo Anno
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akio Hiwatashi
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sudo
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Li D, Zhang J, Li R, Liu G. The "Hand as Foot" teaching method in temporal lobe. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:3883-3884. [PMID: 37037739 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.03.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dongrui Li
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China; Baotou Medical College Center Clinical Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Ruiming Li
- Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Guorong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
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36
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Kroon E, Kuhns L, Colyer-Patel K, Filbey F, Cousijn J. Working memory-related brain activity in cannabis use disorder: The role of cross-cultural differences in cannabis attitudes. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13283. [PMID: 37252877 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis legislation and attitudes towards use are changing. Given that evidence from cultural neuroscience research suggests that culture influences the neurobiological mechanisms underlying behaviour, it is of great importance to understand how cannabis legislation and attitudes might affect the brain processes underlying cannabis use disorder. Brain activity of 100 dependent cannabis users and 84 controls was recorded during an N-back working memory (WM) task in participants from the Netherlands (NL; users = 60, controls = 52) and Texas, USA (TX; users = 40, controls = 32). Participants completed a cannabis culture questionnaire as a measure of perceived benefits (positive) and perceived harms (negative) of cannabis from their personal, friends-family's and country-state's perspectives. Amount of cannabis use (grams/week), DSM-5 CUD symptoms and cannabis use-related problems were assessed. Cannabis users self-reported more positive and less negative (personal and friends-family) cannabis attitudes than controls, with this effect being significantly larger in the TX cannabis users. No site difference in country-state attitudes was observed. TX cannabis users, compared with NL cannabis users, and those cannabis users perceiving more positive country-state attitudes showed a more positive association between grams/week and WM-related activity in the superior parietal lobe. NL cannabis users, compared with TX cannabis users, and those cannabis users with less positive personal attitudes showed a more positive association between grams/week and WM-load-related activity in the temporal pole. Both site and cultural attitudes moderated the association of quantity of cannabis use with WM- and WM-load-related activity. Importantly, differences in legislation did not align with perceived cannabis attitudes and appear to be differentially associated with cannabis use-related brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emese Kroon
- ADAPT-Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience of Addiction (NofA) Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren Kuhns
- ADAPT-Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience of Addiction (NofA) Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karis Colyer-Patel
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Filbey
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Neuroscience of Addiction (NofA) Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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37
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Sadaghiani S, Trotman W, Lim SA, Chung E, Ittyerah R, Ravikumar S, Khandelwal P, Prabhakaran K, Lavery ML, Ohm DT, Gabrielyan M, Das SR, Schuck T, Capp N, Peterson CS, Migdal E, Artacho-Pérula E, del Mar Arroyo Jiménez M, del Pilar Marcos Rabal M, Sánchez SC, de la Rosa Prieto C, Parada MC, Insausti R, Robinson JL, McMillan C, Grossman M, Lee EB, Detre JA, Xie SX, Trojanowski JQ, Tisdall MD, Wisse LEM, Irwin DJ, Wolk DA, Yushkevich PA. Associations of phosphorylated tau pathology with whole-hemisphere ex vivo morphometry in 7 tesla MRI. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:2355-2364. [PMID: 36464907 PMCID: PMC10239526 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurodegenerative disorders are associated with different pathologies that often co-occur but cannot be measured specifically with in vivo methods. METHODS Thirty-three brain hemispheres from donors with an Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum diagnosis underwent T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gray matter thickness was paired with histopathology from the closest anatomic region in the contralateral hemisphere. RESULTS Partial Spearman correlation of phosphorylated tau and cortical thickness with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and α-synuclein scores, age, sex, and postmortem interval as covariates showed significant relationships in entorhinal and primary visual cortices, temporal pole, and insular and posterior cingulate gyri. Linear models including Braak stages, TDP-43 and α-synuclein scores, age, sex, and postmortem interval showed significant correlation between Braak stage and thickness in the parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, and Broadman area 35. CONCLUSION We demonstrated an association of measures of AD pathology with tissue loss in several AD regions despite a limited range of pathology in these cases. HIGHLIGHTS Neurodegenerative disorders are associated with co-occurring pathologies that cannot be measured specifically with in vivo methods. Identification of the topographic patterns of these pathologies in structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may provide probabilistic biomarkers. We demonstrated the correlation of the specific patterns of tissue loss from ex vivo brain MRI with underlying pathologies detected in postmortem brain hemispheres in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum disorders. The results provide insight into the interpretation of in vivo structural MRI studies in patients with AD spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokufeh Sadaghiani
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Winifred Trotman
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sydney A Lim
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eunice Chung
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ranjit Ittyerah
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sadhana Ravikumar
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pulkit Khandelwal
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Karthik Prabhakaran
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Madigan L Lavery
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel T Ohm
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marianna Gabrielyan
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sandhitsu R. Das
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Theresa Schuck
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Noah Capp
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Claire S Peterson
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elyse Migdal
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Emilio Artacho-Pérula
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | | | | | - Sandra Cebada Sánchez
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Carlos de la Rosa Prieto
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Marta Córcoles Parada
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Insausti
- Human Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Neuromax CSIC Associated Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - John L Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Corey McMillan
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John A. Detre
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sharon X. Xie
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Dylan Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laura EM Wisse
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, 22242 Lund, Sweden
| | - David J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David A. Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul A. Yushkevich
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Welter ML, Vasseur A, Edragas R, Chaumont H, Pineau F, Mangone G, Olivier C, Leber I, Rivaud-Pechoux S, Lehericy S, Gallea C, Yahia-Cherif L, Lannuzel A. Brain dysfunction in gait disorders of Caribbean atypical Parkinsonism and progressive supranuclear palsy patients: A comparative study. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103443. [PMID: 37247501 PMCID: PMC10236465 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gait disorders and falls occur early in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP-RS) and Caribbean atypical parkinsonism (Caribbean AP). However, the link between these signs and brain lesions has never been explored in these patient populations. Here, we investigate and compare the imaging factors that relate to gait and balance disorders in Caribbean AP and PSP-RS patients. METHODS We assessed gait and balance using clinical scales and gait recordings in 16 Caribbean AP and 15 PSP-RS patients and 17 age-matched controls. We measured the grey and white matter brain volumes on 3 T brain MRI images. We performed a principal component analysis (PCA) including all the data to determine differences and similarities between groups, and explore the relationship between gait disorders and brain volumes. RESULTS Both Caribbean AP patients and PSP-RS have marked gait and balance disorders with similar severity. In both groups, gait and balance disorders were found to be most strongly related to structural changes in the lateral cerebellum, caudate nucleus, and fronto-parietal areas. In Caribbean AP patients, gait disorders were also related to additional changes in the cortex, including frontal, insular, temporal and cuneus lobes, whereas in PSP-RS patients, additional white matter changes involved the mesencephalon and parahippocampal gyrus. CONCLUSION Gait and balance disorders in Caribbean AP patients are mainly related to dysfunction of cortical brain areas involved in visuo-sensorimotor processing and self-awareness, whereas these signs mainly result from premotor-brainstem-cerebellar network dysfunction in PSP-RS patients, brain areas involved in initiation and maintenance of locomotor pattern and postural adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Welter
- Neurophysiology Department, Rouen University Hospital, Université de Normandie, Rouen, France; INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; Plateforme d'analyse du mouvement (PANAM), Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France.
| | - Alexandre Vasseur
- Neurophysiology Department, Rouen University Hospital, Université de Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Regine Edragas
- Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital of Martinique, F.W.I, France
| | - Hugo Chaumont
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; Neurology Department, Clinical Investigation Centre 1424, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, F.W.I, France
| | - Fanny Pineau
- Clinical Investigation Centre, Paris Brain Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Graziella Mangone
- Clinical Investigation Centre, Paris Brain Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Claire Olivier
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; Plateforme d'analyse du mouvement (PANAM), Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Leber
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Rivaud-Pechoux
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Lehericy
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; CENIR, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Gallea
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; CENIR, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France
| | - Lydia Yahia-Cherif
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; CENIR, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France
| | - Annie Lannuzel
- INSERM 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris Université, Paris 06, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; Neurology Department, Clinical Investigation Centre 1424, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, F.W.I, France
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Zhao K, Fonzo GA, Xie H, Oathes DJ, Keller CJ, Carlisle N, Etkin A, Garza-Villarreal EA, Zhang Y. A generalizable functional connectivity signature characterizes brain dysfunction and links to rTMS treatment response in cocaine use disorder. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.21.23288948. [PMID: 37162878 PMCID: PMC10168499 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.21.23288948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a prevalent substance abuse disorder, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown potential in reducing cocaine cravings. However, a robust and replicable biomarker for CUD phenotyping is lacking, and the association between CUD brain phenotypes and treatment response remains unclear. Our study successfully established a cross-validated functional connectivity signature for accurate CUD phenotyping, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from a discovery cohort, and demonstrated its generalizability in an independent replication cohort. We identified phenotyping FCs involving increased connectivity between the visual network and dorsal attention network, and between the frontoparietal control network and ventral attention network, as well as decreased connectivity between the default mode network and limbic network in CUD patients compared to healthy controls. These abnormal connections correlated significantly with other drug use history and cognitive dysfunctions, e.g., non-planning impulsivity. We further confirmed the prognostic potential of the identified discriminative FCs for rTMS treatment response in CUD patients and found that the treatment-predictive FCs mainly involved the frontoparietal control and default mode networks. Our findings provide new insights into the neurobiological mechanisms of CUD and the association between CUD phenotypes and rTMS treatment response, offering promising targets for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanhao Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Gregory A. Fonzo
- Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
| | - Hua Xie
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Desmond J. Oathes
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Corey J. Keller
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nancy Carlisle
- Department of Psychology, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Amit Etkin
- Alto Neuroscience, Inc., Los Altos, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo A Garza-Villarreal
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México campus Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
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Ma J, Zheng MX, Wu JJ, Xing XX, Xiang YT, Wei D, Xue X, Zhang H, Hua XY, Guo QH, Xu JG. Mapping the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network constrained by the structural and functional connectome: a case-control multimodal MRI study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:61. [PMID: 36964589 PMCID: PMC10037827 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Connectome mapping may reveal new treatment targets for patients with neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the long-term delayed recall based-network with structural and functional connectome is still largely unknown. Our objectives were to (1) identify the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network with structural and functional connectome and (2) investigate its relationships with various cognitive functions, age, and activities of daily living. Methods This case-control study enrolled 131 subjects (73 amnestic mild cognitive impairment [aMCI] patients and 58 age- and education-matched healthy controls [HCs]). All subjects completed a neuropsychological battery, activities of daily living assessment, and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. Nodes of the cortical-hippocampal network related to long-term delayed recall were identified by probabilistic fiber tracking and functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Then, the main and interaction effects of the network on cognitive functions were assessed by a generalized linear model. Finally, the moderating effects of the network on the relationships between long-term delayed recall and clinical features were analyzed by multiple regression and Hayes’ bootstrap method. All the effects of cortex-hippocampus network were analyzed at the connectivity and network levels. Results The result of a generalized linear model showed that the bilateral hippocampus, left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, right supplementary motor area, left lingual gyrus, left superior occipital gyrus, left superior parietal gyrus, left precuneus, and right temporal pole (superior temporal gyrus) are the left and right cortex-hippocampus network nodes related to long-term delayed recall (P < 0.05). Significant interaction effects were found between the Auditory Verbal Learning Test Part 5 (AVLT 5) scores and global properties of the left cortex-hippocampus network [hierarchy, clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, global efficiency, local efficiency, Sigma and synchronization (P < 0.05 Bonferroni corrected)]. Significant interaction effects were found between the general cognitive function/executive function/language and global properties of the left cortex-hippocampus network [Sigma and synchronization (P < 0.05 Bonferroni corrected)]. Conclusion This study introduces a novel symptom-based network and describes relationships among cognitive functions, brain function, and age. The cortex–hippocampus network constrained by the structural and functional connectome is closely related to long-term delayed recall. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-023-01197-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Mou-Xiong Zheng
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Xiang-Xin Xing
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Yun-Ting Xiang
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Dong Wei
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xin Xue
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Han Zhang
- grid.440637.20000 0004 4657 8879School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Xu-Yun Hua
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Qi-Hao Guo
- grid.412528.80000 0004 1798 5117Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
- grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XEngineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203 China
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How processing emotion affects language control in bilinguals. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:635-649. [PMID: 36585969 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that several variables affect language control among bilingual speakers but the effect of affective processing remains unexplored. Chinese-English bilinguals participated in a novel prime-target language switching experiment in which they first judged the affective valence (i.e., positive or negative) of auditorily presented words and then named pictures with neutral emotional valence in either the same (non-switch trial) or different language (switch trial). Brain activity was monitored using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The behavioral performance showed that the typical switch cost (i.e., the calculated difference between switch and non-switch trials) emerged after processing positive words but not after negative words. Brain imaging demonstrated that processing negative words immediately before non-switch picturing naming trials (but not for switch trials) increased activation in brain areas associated with domain-general cognitive control. The opposite patterns were found after processing positive words. These findings suggest that an (emotional) negative priming effect is induced by spontaneous exposure to negative words and that these priming effects may be triggered by reactive emotional processing and that they may interact with higher level cognitive functions.
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Tang H, Bie Z, Wang B, Yang Z, Li P, Wang X, Liu P. The characteristics of brain structural remodeling in patients with unilateral vestibular schwannoma. J Neurooncol 2023; 162:79-91. [PMID: 36808599 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brain structural remodeling alters related brain function. However, few studies have assessed morphological alterations of unilateral vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients. Therefore, this study examined the characteristics of brain structural remodeling in unilateral VS patients. METHODS We recruited 39 patients with unilateral VS (19 left, 20 right) and 24 matched normal controls (NCs). We obtained brain structural imaging data using 3T T1-weighted anatomical and diffusion tensor imaging scans. Then, we evaluated both gray and white matter (WM) changes using FreeSurfer software and tract-based spatial statistics, respectively. Furthermore, we constructed a structural covariance network to assess brain structural network properties and the connectivity strength between brain regions. RESULTS Compared with NCs, VS patients showed cortical thickening in non-auditory areas (e.g., the left precuneus), especially left VS patients, along with reduced cortical thickness in the right superior temporal gyrus (auditory areas). VS patients also showed increased fractional anisotropy in extensive non-auditory-related WM (e.g., the superior longitudinal fasciculus), especially right VS patients. Both left and right VS patients showed increased small-worldness (more efficient information transfer). Left VS patients had a single reduced-connectivity subnetwork in contralateral temporal regions (right-side auditory areas), but increased connectivity between some non-auditory regions (e.g., left precuneus and left temporal pole). CONCLUSION VS patients exhibited greater morphological alterations in non-auditory than auditory areas, with structural reductions seen in related auditory areas and a compensatory increase in non-auditory areas. Left and right VS patients show differential patterns of brain structural remodeling. These findings provide a new perspective on the treatment and postoperative rehabilitation of VS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlu Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zhixu Bie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zhijun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xingchao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Pinan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China. .,Department of Neural Reconstruction, Beijing Neurosurgery Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Wang J, Sun L, Chen L, Sun J, Xie Y, Tian D, Gao L, Zhang D, Xia M, Wu T. Common and distinct roles of amygdala subregional functional connectivity in non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:28. [PMID: 36806219 PMCID: PMC9938150 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies suggest a pivotal role of amygdala dysfunction in non-motor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between amygdala subregions (the centromedial (CMA), basolateral (BLA) and superficial amygdala (SFA)) and NMS has not been delineated. We used resting-state functional MRI to examine the PD-related alterations in functional connectivity for amygdala subregions. The left three subregions and right BLA exhibited between-group differences, and were commonly hypo-connected with the frontal, temporal, insular cortex, and putamen in PD. Each subregion displayed distinct hypoconnectivity with the limbic systems. Partial least-squares analysis revealed distinct amygdala subregional involvement in diverse NMS. Hypo-connectivity of all four subregions was associated with emotion, pain, olfaction, and cognition. Hypo-connectivity of the left SFA was associated with sleepiness. Our findings highlight the hypofunction of the amygdala subregions in PD and their preliminary associations with NMS, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of NMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Wang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XCenter for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070 China
| | - Lianglong Sun
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Lili Chen
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XCenter for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070 China
| | - Junyan Sun
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XCenter for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070 China
| | - Yapei Xie
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Dezheng Tian
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Linlin Gao
- grid.417031.00000 0004 1799 2675Department of General Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122 China
| | - Dongling Zhang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XCenter for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070 China
| | - Mingrui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091, China. .,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Mesulam MM. Temporopolar regions of the human brain. Brain 2023; 146:20-41. [PMID: 36331542 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Following prolonged neglect during the formative decades of behavioural neurology, the temporopolar region has become a site of vibrant research on the neurobiology of cognition and conduct. This turnaround can be attributed to increasing recognition of neurodegenerative diseases that target temporopolar regions for peak destruction. The resultant syndromes include behavioural dementia, associative agnosia, semantic forms of primary progressive aphasia and semantic dementia. Clinicopathological correlations show that object naming and word comprehension are critically dependent on the language-dominant (usually left) temporopolar region, whereas behavioural control and non-verbal object recognition display a more bilateral representation with a rightward bias. Neuroanatomical experiments in macaques and neuroimaging in humans show that the temporoparietal region sits at the confluence of auditory, visual and limbic streams of processing at the downstream (deep) pole of the 'what' pathway. The functional neuroanatomy of this region revolves around three axes, an anterograde horizontal axis from unimodal to heteromodal and paralimbic cortex; a radial axis where visual (ventral), auditory (dorsal) and paralimbic (medial) territories encircle temporopolar cortex and display hemispheric asymmetry; and a vertical depth-of-processing axis for the associative elaboration of words, objects and interoceptive states. One function of this neural matrix is to support the transformation of object and word representations from unimodal percepts to multimodal concepts. The underlying process is likely to start at canonical gateways that successively lead to generic (superordinate), specific (basic) and unique levels of recognition. A first sign of left temporopolar dysfunction takes the form of taxonomic blurring where boundaries among categories are preserved but not boundaries among exemplars of a category. Semantic paraphasias and coordinate errors in word-picture verification tests are consequences of this phenomenon. Eventually, boundaries among categories are also blurred and comprehension impairments become more profound. The medial temporopolar region belongs to the amygdalocentric component of the limbic system and stands to integrate exteroceptive information with interoceptive states underlying social interactions. Review of the pertinent literature shows that word comprehension and conduct impairments caused by temporopolar strokes and temporal lobectomy are far less severe than those seen in temporopolar atrophies. One explanation for this unexpected discrepancy invokes the miswiring of residual temporopolar neurons during the many years of indolently progressive neurodegeneration. According to this hypothesis, the temporopolar regions become not only dysfunctional but also sources of aberrant outputs that interfere with the function of areas elsewhere in the language and paralimbic networks, a juxtaposition not seen in lobectomy or stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marsel Mesulam
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Zhang W, Andrews-Hanna JR, Mair RW, Goh JOS, Gutchess A. Functional connectivity with medial temporal regions differs across cultures during post-encoding rest. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 22:1334-1348. [PMID: 35896854 PMCID: PMC9703377 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Connectivity of the brain at rest can reflect individual differences and impact behavioral outcomes, including memory. The present study investigated how culture influences functional connectivity with regions of the medial temporal lobe. In this study, 46 Americans and 59 East Asians completed a resting state scan after encoding pictures of objects. To investigate cross-cultural differences in resting state functional connectivity, left parahippocampal gyrus (anterior and posterior regions) and left hippocampus were selected as seed regions. These regions were selected, because they were previously implicated in a study of cultural differences during the successful encoding of detailed memories. Results revealed that left posterior parahippocampal gyrus had stronger connectivity with temporo-occipital regions for East Asians compared with Americans and stronger connectivity with parieto-occipital regions for Americans compared with East Asians. Left anterior parahippocampal gyrus had stronger connectivity with temporal regions for East Asians than Americans and stronger connectivity with frontal regions for Americans than East Asians. Although connectivity did not relate to memory performance, patterns did relate to cultural values. The degree of independent self-construal and subjective value of tradition were associated with functional connectivity involving left anterior parahippocampal gyrus. Findings are discussed in terms of potential cultural differences in memory consolidation or more general trait or state-based processes, such as holistic versus analytic processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanbing Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, MS 062, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA
| | - Jessica R Andrews-Hanna
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Cognitive Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ross W Mair
- Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Joshua Oon Soo Goh
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Center of Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Robotics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Angela Gutchess
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, MS 062, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA.
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Yin Y, Wang F, Ma Y, Yang J, Li R, Li Y, Wang J, Liu H. Structural and functional changes in drug-naïve benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and their associated gene expression profiles. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:5774-5782. [PMID: 36444721 PMCID: PMC10183734 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is a common pediatric epilepsy syndrome that has been widely reported to show abnormal brain structure and function. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying structural and functional changes remain largely unknown. Based on the structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 22 drug-naïve children with BECTS and 33 healthy controls, we conducted voxel-based morphology (VBM) and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) analyses to compare cortical morphology and spontaneous brain activity between the 2 groups. In combination with the Allen Human Brain Atlas, transcriptome-neuroimaging spatial correlation analyses were applied to explore gene expression profiles associated with gray matter volume (GMV) and fALFF changes in BECTS. VBM analysis demonstrated significantly increased GMV in the right brainstem and right middle cingulate gyrus in BECTS. Moreover, children with BECTS exhibited significantly increased fALFF in left temporal pole, while decreased fALFF in right thalamus and left precuneus. These brain structural and functional alterations were closely related to behavioral and cognitive deficits, and the fALFF-linked gene expression profiles were enriched in voltage-gated ion channel and synaptic activity as well as neuron projection. Our findings suggest that brain morphological and functional abnormalities in children with BECTS involve complex polygenic genetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yin
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - Fuqin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - Yingzi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research , Kunming 650500, Yunnan , China
| | - Jia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research , Kunming 650500, Yunnan , China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University , Chengdu 610039 , China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 625014 , China
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research , Kunming 650500, Yunnan , China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Medical Imaging Center of Guizhou Province , Zunyi 563003 , China
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Task-dependent fractal patterns of information processing in working memory. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17866. [PMID: 36284105 PMCID: PMC9596406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We applied detrended fluctuation analysis, power spectral density, and eigenanalysis of detrended cross-correlations to investigate fMRI data representing a diurnal variation of working memory in four visual tasks: two verbal and two nonverbal. We show that the degree of fractal scaling is regionally dependent on the engagement in cognitive tasks. A particularly apparent difference was found between memorisation in verbal and nonverbal tasks. Furthermore, the detrended cross-correlations between brain areas were predominantly indicative of differences between resting state and other tasks, between memorisation and retrieval, and between verbal and nonverbal tasks. The fractal and spectral analyses presented in our study are consistent with previous research related to visuospatial and verbal information processing, working memory (encoding and retrieval), and executive functions, but they were found to be more sensitive than Pearson correlations and showed the potential to obtain other subtler results. We conclude that regionally dependent cognitive task engagement can be distinguished based on the fractal characteristics of BOLD signals and their detrended cross-correlation structure.
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Sipes BS, Jakary A, Li Y, Max JE, Yang TT, Tymofiyeva O. Resting state brain subnetwork relates to prosociality and compassion in adolescents. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1012745. [PMID: 36337478 PMCID: PMC9632179 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1012745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial time for social development, especially for helping (prosocial) and compassionate behaviors; yet brain networks involved in adolescent prosociality and compassion currently remain underexplored. Here, we sought to evaluate a recently proposed domain-general developmental (Do-GooD) network model of prosocial cognition by relating adolescent functional and structural brain networks with prosocial and compassionate disposition. We acquired resting state fMRI and diffusion MRI from 95 adolescents (ages 14–19 years; 46 males; 49 females) along with self-report questionnaires assessing prosociality and compassion. We then applied the Network-Based Statistic (NBS) to inductively investigate whether there is a significant subnetwork related to prosociality and compassion while controlling for age and sex. Based on the Do-GooD model, we expected that this subnetwork would involve connectivity to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) from three domain-general networks, the default mode network (DMN), the salience network, and the control network, as well as from the DMN to the mirror neuron systems. NBS revealed a significant functional (but not structural) subnetwork related to prosociality and compassion connecting 31 regions (p = 0.02), showing DMN and DLPFC connectivity to the VMPFC; DMN connectivity to mirror neuron systems; and connectivity between the DMN and cerebellum. These findings largely support and extend the Do-GooD model of prosocial cognition in adolescents by further illuminating network-based relationships that have the potential to advance our understanding of brain mechanisms of prosociality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S. Sipes
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Angela Jakary
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey E. Max
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tony T. Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Olga Tymofiyeva
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Olga Tymofiyeva,
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Yang FN, Xie W, Wang Z. Effects of sleep duration on neurocognitive development in early adolescents in the USA: a propensity score matched, longitudinal, observational study. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2022; 6:705-712. [PMID: 35914537 PMCID: PMC9482948 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests at least 9 h of sleep per day for 6-12-year-olds, children in recent generations often report sleeping less than this amount. Because early adolescence is a crucial period for neurocognitive development, we aimed to investigate how insufficient sleep affects children's mental health, cognition, brain function, and brain structure over 2 years. METHODS In this propensity score matched, longitudinal, observational cohort study, we obtained data from a population-based sample of 9-10-year-olds from 21 US study sites in the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Participants were categorised as having sufficient sleep or insufficient sleep on the basis of a cutoff of 9 h sleep per day. Using propensity score matching, we matched these two groups of participants on 11 key covariates, including sex, socioeconomic status, and puberty status. Participants were excluded from our analysis if they did not pass a baseline resting-state functional MRI quality check or had missing data for the covariates involved in propensity score matching. Outcome measures retrieved from the ABCD study were behavioural problems, mental health, cognition, and structural and resting-state functional brain measures, assessed at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. We examined group differences on these outcomes over those 2 years among all eligible participants. We then did mediation analyses of the neural correlates of behavioural changes induced by insufficient sleep. FINDINGS Between Sept 1, 2016, and Oct 15, 2018, 11 878 individuals had baseline data collected for the ABCD study, of whom 8323 were eligible and included in this study (4142 participants in the sufficient sleep group and 4181 in the insufficient sleep group). Follow-up data were collected from July 30, 2018, to Jan 15, 2020. We identified 3021 matched sufficient sleep-insufficient sleep pairs at baseline and 749 matched pairs at 2-year follow-up, and observed similar differences between the groups in behaviour and neural measures at both timepoints; the effect sizes of between-group differences in behavioural measures at these two timepoints were significantly correlated with each other (r=0·85, 95% CI 0·73-0·92; p<0·0001). A similar pattern was observed in resting-state functional connectivity (r=0·54, 0·45-0·61; p<0·0001) and in structural measures (eg, in grey matter volume r=0·61, 0·51-0·69; p<0·0001). We found that cortico-basal ganglia functional connections mediate the effects of insufficient sleep on depression, thought problems, and crystallised intelligence, and that structural properties of the anterior temporal lobe mediate the effect of insufficient sleep on crystallised intelligence. INTERPRETATION These results provide population-level evidence for the long-lasting effect of insufficient sleep on neurocognitive development in early adolescence. These findings highlight the value of early sleep intervention to improve early adolescents' long-term developmental outcomes. FUNDING National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nils Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weizhen Xie
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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50
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Zhang YJ, Hu HX, Wang LL, Wang X, Wang Y, Huang J, Wang Y, Lui SSY, Hui L, Chan RCK. Decoupling between hub-connected functional connectivity of the social brain network and real-world social network in individuals with social anhedonia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 326:111528. [PMID: 36027707 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Altered hub regions in brain network have been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether similar altered hub regions of the brain would be exhibited in individuals with subclinical features of schizophrenia such as social anhedonia (SA). In this study, we examined the hub regions of resting-state social brain network (SBN) of 35 participants with SA and 50 healthy controls (HC). We further examined the prediction effect of hub-connected FCs with SBN on the real-life social network characteristics. Our findings showed that the right amygdala, left temporal lobe and right media superior frontal gyrus were the hub regions of SBN both in SA and HC groups. In the SA group, the left temporal lobe connected functional connectivity (FC) did not predict social network characteristics, while the other FCs strengthened the association with social network characteristics. These findings were replicated in an independent sample of 33 SA and 32 HC. These findings suggested that the left temporal lobe as one of the hub regions of SBN exhibited the abnormality of their connected FCs in the association with social network characteristics in individuals with SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jing Zhang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Xin Hu
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Li Hui
- The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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