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Li H, Liang J, Han M, Gao Z. Polyphenols synergistic drugs to ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via signal pathway and gut microbiota: A review. J Adv Res 2025; 68:43-62. [PMID: 38471648 PMCID: PMC11785558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease with an increasing incidence worldwide. Single drug therapy may have toxic side effects and disrupt gut microbiota balance. Polyphenols are widely used in disease intervention due to their distinctive nutritional properties and medicinal value, which a potential gut microbiota modulator. However, there is a lack of comprehensive review to explore the efficacy and mechanism of combined therapy with drugs and polyphenols for NAFLD. AIM OF REVIEW Based on this, this review firstly discusses the link between NAFLD and gut microbiota, and outlines the effects of polyphenols and drugs on gut microbiota. Secondly, it examined recent advances in the treatment and intervention of NAFLD with drugs and polyphenols and the therapeutic effect of the combination of the two. Finally, we highlight the underlying mechanisms of polyphenol combined drug therapy in NAFLD. This is mainly in terms of signaling pathways (NF-κB, AMPK, Nrf2, JAK/STAT, PPAR, SREBP-1c, PI3K/Akt and TLR) and gut microbiota. Furthermore, some emerging mechanisms such as microRNA potential biomarker therapies may provide therapeutic avenues for NAFLD. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Drawing inspiration from combination drug strategies, the use of active substances in combination with drugs for NAFLD intervention holds transformative and prospective potential, both improve NAFLD and restore gut microbiota balance while reducing the required drug dosage. This review systematically discusses the bidirectional interactions between gut microbiota and NAFLD, and summarizes the potential mechanisms of polyphenol synergistic drugs in the treatment of NAFLD by modulating signaling pathways and gut microbiota. Future researches should develop multi-omics technology to identify patients who benefit from polyphenols combination drugs and devising individualized treatment plans to enhance its therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengzhen Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Oumeddour DZ, Al-Dalali S, Zhao L, Zhao L, Wang C. Recent advances on cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in preventing obesity-related metabolic disorders: A comprehensive review. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 729:150344. [PMID: 38976946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, found in various pigmented plants as secondary metabolites, represent a class of dietary polyphenols known for their bioactive properties, demonstrating health-promoting effects against several chronic diseases. Among these, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is one of the most prevalent types of anthocyanins. Upon consumption, C3G undergoes phases I and II metabolism by oral epithelial cells, absorption in the gastric epithelium, and gut transformation (phase II & microbial metabolism), with limited amounts reaching the bloodstream. Obesity, characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, is a global health concern associated with heightened risks of disability, illness, and mortality. This comprehensive review delves into the biodegradation and absorption dynamics of C3G within the gastrointestinal tract. It meticulously examines the latest research findings, drawn from in vitro and in vivo models, presenting evidence underlining C3G's bioactivity. Notably, C3G has demonstrated significant efficacy in combating obesity, by regulating lipid metabolism, specifically decreasing lipid synthesis, increasing fatty acid oxidation, and reducing lipid accumulation. Additionally, C3G enhances energy homeostasis by boosting energy expenditure, promoting the activity of brown adipose tissue, and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, C3G shows potential in managing various prevalent obesity-related conditions. These include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and hypertension through the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enhancement of endogenous antioxidant enzyme levels, and inhibition of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and by exercising its cardioprotective and vascular effects by decreasing pulmonary artery thickness and systolic pressure which enhances vascular relaxation and angiogenesis. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR) are also managed by reducing gluconeogenesis via AMPK pathway activation, promoting autophagy, protecting pancreatic β-cells from oxidative stress and enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Additionally, C3G improves insulin sensitivity by upregulating GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 expression and regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. C3G exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and shifting macrophage polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. C3G demonstrates antioxidative effects by enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, reducing ROS production, and activating the Nrf2/AMPK signaling pathway. Moreover, these mechanisms also contribute to attenuating inflammatory bowel disease and regulating gut microbiota by decreasing Firmicutes and increasing Bacteroidetes abundance, restoring colon length, and reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines. The therapeutic potential of C3G extends beyond metabolic disorders; it has also been found effective in managing specific cancer types and neurodegenerative disorders. The findings of this research can provide an important reference for future investigations that seek to improve human health through the use of naturally occurring bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounya Zad Oumeddour
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Sam Al-Dalali
- School of Food and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, 541006, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb, 70270, Yemen.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Lachowicz-Wiśniewska S, Pratap-Singh A, Ochmian I, Kapusta I, Kotowska A, Pluta S. Biodiversity in nutrients and biological activities of 14 highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22063. [PMID: 39333179 PMCID: PMC11436970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify nutrients (UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS, HPLC-RI method) and biological activities (antioxidant activity to reduce Fe3+ and ABTS·+, pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase, anti-bacterial) of 14 highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars (Northern type) as well as a principal component analysis (PCA) to assess the variation of these properties in the context of biodiversity. Most of the cultivars in this research have been first presented in this paper. Phytochemical profiling of the tested highbush blueberry fruit revealed 75 bioactive compounds, including 5 macroelements, 7 microelements, 7 monophosphate nucleotides, 15 anthocyanins, 1 phenolic acid, 14 flavonols, 11 essential amino acids, 8 non-essential amino acids, 2 sugars, 7 organic acids. The PCA showed that the profile and contents of the analyzed compounds as well as their anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity potentials depended significantly on the tested cultivars. Thus, the study provides comprehensive data on cultivar-specific biodiversity and correlations that can be used to design novel extracts rich in polyphenolic, amino acids, and/or minerals extracts from the selected cultivars of highbush blueberry as natural and alternative sources to fulfill the growing industry demand for supplements, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Lachowicz-Wiśniewska
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Calisia University, 4 Nowy Świat Street, 62-800, Kalisz, Poland.
- Department of Production Engineering, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345, Wrocław, Poland.
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems (LFS), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver Campus 213-2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Anubhav Pratap-Singh
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems (LFS), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver Campus 213-2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Ireneusz Ochmian
- Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Kapusta
- Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Rzeszów University, 4 Zelwerowicza Street, 35-601, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Agata Kotowska
- Institute of Sociology, Rzeszow University, Al. Rejtana 16C, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Stanisław Pluta
- Department of Horticultural Crop Breeding, The National Institute of Horticultural Research (InHort), Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3, 96-100, Skierniewice, Poland
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Zhong H, Hussain M, Hussain K, Wang L, Abdullah, Qayum A, S Hamed Y, Guan R. Nanoliposomes a future based delivery vehicle of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside against major chronic disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39097751 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2384646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), is an anthocyanin mainly found in berries, and can also be produced by microorganisms. It has been traditionally used as a natural coloring agent for decades. Recently, it has been investigated for its high antioxidant activity and anti-cancer attributes. C3G has low bioavailability and is sensitive to oxidation and gastric pH; therefore, it is encapsulated in nanoliposomes to enhance its bio-availability, targeted delivery- and efficacy against chronic disease. SCOPE AND APPROACH In this review, the role of C3G nanoliposomes against major chronic diseases has been discussed. The focus was on research findings and the mechanism of action to affect the proliferation of cancer, neuro disease and cardiovascular problems. It also discussed the formulation of nanoliposomes, their role in nutraceutical delivery and enhancement in C3G bioavailability. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Data suggested that nanoliposomes safeguard C3G, enhance bioavailability, and ensure safe, adequate and targeted delivery. It can reduce the impact of cancer and inflammation by inhibiting the ß-catenin/O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) pathway and upregulating miR-214-5p. Formation of C3G nanoliposomes significantly enhances the nutraceutical efficacy of C3G against major chronic disease therefore, C3G nanoliposomes might be a future-based nutraceutical to treat major chronic diseases, including cancer, neuro problems and CVD, but challenges remain in finding correct dose and techniques to maximize its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Hussain
- Moganshan Institute ZJUT, Kangqian District, Deqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kifayat Hussain
- Departments of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Lingmiao Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abdullah
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abdul Qayum
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yahya S Hamed
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Rongfa Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Moganshan Institute ZJUT, Kangqian District, Deqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Mamun MAA, Rakib A, Mandal M, Kumar S, Singla B, Singh UP. Polyphenols: Role in Modulating Immune Function and Obesity. Biomolecules 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38397458 PMCID: PMC10887194 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, long-used components of medicinal plants, have drawn great interest in recent years as potential therapeutic agents because of their safety, efficacy, and wide range of biological effects. Approximately 75% of the world's population still use plant-based medicinal compounds, indicating the ongoing significance of phytochemicals for human health. This study emphasizes the growing body of research investigating the anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity functions of polyphenols. The functions of polyphenols, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and phenolic acids, are distinct due to changes in chemical diversity and structural characteristics. This review methodically investigates the mechanisms by which naturally occurring polyphenols mediate obesity and metabolic function in immunomodulation. To this end, hormonal control of hunger has the potential to inhibit pro-obesity enzymes such as pancreatic lipase, the promotion of energy expenditure, and the modulation of adipocytokine production. Specifically, polyphenols affect insulin, a hormone that is essential for regulating blood sugar, and they also play a role, in part, in a complex web of factors that affect the progression of obesity. This review also explores the immunomodulatory properties of polyphenols, providing insight into their ability to improve immune function and the effects of polyphenols on gut health, improving the number of commensal bacteria, cytokine production suppression, and immune cell mediation, including natural killer cells and macrophages. Taken together, continuous studies are required to understand the prudent and precise mechanisms underlying polyphenols' therapeutic potential in obesity and immunomodulation. In the interim, this review emphasizes a holistic approach to health and promotes the consumption of a wide range of foods and drinks high in polyphenols. This review lays the groundwork for future developments, indicating that the components of polyphenols and their derivatives may provide the answer to urgent worldwide health issues. This compilation of the body of knowledge paves the way for future discoveries in the global treatment of pressing health concerns in obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Udai P. Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (M.A.A.M.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
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Deepa P, Hong M, Sowndhararajan K, Kim S. A Review of the Role of an Anthocyanin, Cyanidin-3- O- β-glucoside in Obesity-Related Complications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3889. [PMID: 38005786 PMCID: PMC10675560 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major health issue worldwide and obese individuals possess higher levels of adipose tissue when compared with healthy individuals. Obesity is highly associated with the development of different chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, cancers, etc. Previous studies established that anthocyanin compounds play an important role in attenuating obesity-related consequences. Among various anthocyanin compounds, cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (C3G) is the most important component and is widely distributed in various colored edible plant materials, especially berries, cherries, black rice, purple corn, etc. In recent decades, several studies have reported the therapeutical properties of C3G. C3G has various biological properties and health benefits, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, anticancer, etc. In this review, we summarized the in vitro and in vivo studies in relation to the role of C3G in obesity-related complications. Several mechanistic studies demonstrated that C3G maintains the metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, and lipids by regulating different genes and signaling pathways. It could be concluded that the consumption of C3G protects healthy individuals from obesity-related issues by maintaining body weight and regulating their metabolism and energy balance. This review provides some important signaling pathways/targets of C3G to facilitate the prevention and treatment of obesity, leading to the development of important food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnuvel Deepa
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (P.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Minji Hong
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (P.D.); (M.H.)
| | | | - Songmun Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (P.D.); (M.H.)
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Becerril-Campos AA, Ramos-Gómez M, De Los Ríos-Arellano EA, Ocampo-Anguiano PV, González-Gallardo A, Macotela Y, García-Gasca T, Ahumada-Solórzano SM. Bean Leaves Ameliorate Lipotoxicity in Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2928. [PMID: 37447254 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds in plant-based food have protective effects against metabolic alterations, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Bean leaves are widely cultivated in the world and are a source of dietary fiber and polyphenols. High fat/high fructose diet animal models promote deleterious effects in adipose and non-adipose tissues (lipotoxicity), leading to obesity and its comorbidities. Short-term supplementation of bean leaves exhibited anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-obesity effects in high-fat/high-fructose diet animal models. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bean leaves supplementation in the prevention of lipotoxicity in NAFLD and contribute to elucidating the possible mechanism involved for a longer period of time. During thirteen weeks, male Wistar rats (n = 9/group) were fed with: (1) S: Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001® (RLC); (2) SBL: 90% RLC+ 10% dry bean leaves; (3) H: high-fat/high-fructose diet; (4) HBL: H+ 10% of dry bean leaves. Overall, a HBL diet enhanced impaired glucose tolerance and ameliorated obesity, risk factors in NAFLD development. Additionally, bean leaves exerted antioxidant (↑serum GSH) and anti-inflammatory (↓mRNA TNFα in the liver) effects, prevented hepatic fat accumulation by enhanced ↑mRNA PPARα (β oxidation), and enhanced lipid peroxidation (↓liver MDA). These findings suggest that bean leaves ameliorated hepatic lipotoxicity derived from the consumption of a deleterious diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Araceli Becerril-Campos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Minerva Ramos-Gómez
- Food Research and Graduate Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico
| | | | - Perla Viridiana Ocampo-Anguiano
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
- Food Research and Graduate Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico
| | - Adriana González-Gallardo
- Proteogenomic Unit, Neurobiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Yazmín Macotela
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Queretaro 76237, Mexico
| | - Teresa García-Gasca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Santiaga Marisela Ahumada-Solórzano
- Interdisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
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Concerted phenotypic flexibility of avian erythrocyte size and number in response to dietary anthocyanin supplementation. Front Zool 2023; 20:9. [PMID: 36829190 PMCID: PMC9951440 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-023-00487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endurance flight impose substantial oxidative costs on the avian oxygen delivery system. In particular, the accumulation of irreversible damage in red blood cells can reduce the capacity of blood to transport oxygen and limit aerobic performance. Many songbirds consume large amounts of anthocyanin-rich fruit, which is hypothesized to reduce oxidative costs, enhance post-flight regeneration, and enable greater aerobic capacity. While their antioxidant benefits appear most straightforward, the effects of anthocyanins on blood composition remain so far unknown. We fed thirty hand-raised European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) two semisynthetic diets (with or without anthocyanin supplement) and manipulated the extent of flight activity in a wind tunnel (daily flying or non-flying for over two weeks) to test for their interactive effects on functionally important haematological variables. RESULTS Supplemented birds had on average 15% more and 4% smaller red blood cells compared to non-supplemented individuals and these diet effects were independent of flight manipulation. Haemoglobin content was 7% higher in non-supplemented flying birds compared to non-flying birds, while similar haemoglobin content was observed among supplemented birds that were flown or not. Neither diet nor flight activity influenced haematocrit. CONCLUSION The concerted adjustments suggest that supplementation generally improved antioxidant protection in blood, which could prevent the excess removal of cells from the bloodstream and may have several implications on the oxygen delivery system, including improved gas exchange and blood flow. The flexible haematological response to dietary anthocyanins may also suggest that free-ranging species preferentially consume anthocyanin-rich fruits for their natural blood doping, oxygen delivery-enhancement effects.
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Zannou O, Oussou KF, Chabi IB, Awad NMH, Aïssi MV, Goksen G, Mortas M, Oz F, Proestos C, Kayodé APP. Nanoencapsulation of Cyanidin 3- O-Glucoside: Purpose, Technique, Bioavailability, and Stability. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:617. [PMID: 36770579 PMCID: PMC9921781 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The current growing attractiveness of natural dyes around the world is a consequence of the increasing rejection of synthetic dyes whose use is increasingly criticized. The great interest in natural pigments from herbal origin such as cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) is due to their biological properties and their health benefits. However, the chemical instability of C3G during processing and storage and its low bioavailability limits its food application. Nanoencapsulation technology using appropriate nanocarriers is revolutionizing the use of anthocyanin, including C3G. Owing to the chemical stability and functional benefits that this new nanotechnology provides to the latter, its industrial application is now extending to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. This review focuses on the various nanoencapsulation techniques used and the chemical and biological benefits induced to C3G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Zannou
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Valorization of Food Bio-Ingredients, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, Benin
| | - Kouame F. Oussou
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Ifagbémi B. Chabi
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Valorization of Food Bio-Ingredients, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, Benin
| | - Nour M. H. Awad
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
| | - Midimahu V. Aïssi
- School of Sciences and Techniques for the Conservation and Processing of Agricultural Products, National University of Agriculture, Sakété 00 BP 144, Benin
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, 33100 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Mortas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Agriculture Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Adéchola P. P. Kayodé
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Valorization of Food Bio-Ingredients, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, Benin
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Nirmal NP, Khanashyam AC, Mundanat AS, Shah K, Babu KS, Thorakkattu P, Al-Asmari F, Pandiselvam R. Valorization of Fruit Waste for Bioactive Compounds and Their Applications in the Food Industry. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030556. [PMID: 36766085 PMCID: PMC9914274 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruit production and processing sectors produce tremendous amounts of by-products and waste that cause significant economic losses and an undesirable impact on the environment. The effective utilization of these fruit wastes can help to reduce the carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions, thereby achieving sustainable development goals. These by-products contain a variety of bioactive compounds, such as dietary fiber, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, antioxidants, polysaccharides, and several other health-promoting nutrients and phytochemicals. These bioactive compounds can be extracted and used as value-added products in different industrial applications. The bioactive components extracted can be used in developing nutraceutical products, functional foods, or food additives. This review provides a comprehensive review of the recent developments in fruit waste valorization techniques and their application in food industries. The various extraction techniques, including conventional and emerging methods, have been discussed. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the active compounds extracted and isolated from fruit waste have been described. The most important food industrial application of bioactive compounds extracted from fruit waste (FW) has been provided. Finally, challenges, future direction, and concluding remarks on the topic are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Prakash Nirmal
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Correspondence: (N.P.N.); (R.P.); Tel.: +66-28002380-429 (N.P.N.)
| | | | - Anjaly Shanker Mundanat
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonepat 131028, India
| | - Kartik Shah
- Sargento Foods, 305 Pine Street, Elkhart Lake, WI 53020, USA
| | | | - Priyamvada Thorakkattu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry/Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Fahad Al-Asmari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Pandiselvam
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI), Kasaragod 671124, India
- Correspondence: (N.P.N.); (R.P.); Tel.: +66-28002380-429 (N.P.N.)
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11
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Gao Y, Liu Y, Han X, Zhou F, Guo J, Huang W, Zhan J, You Y. Coconut oil and medium-chain fatty acids attenuate high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice through increased thermogenesis by activating brown adipose tissue. Front Nutr 2022; 9:896021. [PMID: 36386906 PMCID: PMC9650104 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.896021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Coconut oil (CO) and its main ingredients, medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA), present many benefits. Whether MCFA and CO play an equally valuable role in anti-obesity remains unclear. This study compared the anti-obesity effects of CO and MCFA [octanoic acid (C8:0) and decanoic acid (C10:0)] to gain insight into the underlying mechanism. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (100% HFD) replaced with 2.5% MCFA (97.5% HFD + 2.5% MCFA) or 5% CO (95% HFD + 5% CO) for 17 weeks. CO and MCFA ameliorated the HFD-induced abnormal body and adipose depot weights, insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure (EE), which was associated with brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Furthermore, CO enhanced the expression of thermogenesis markers in BAT, which was consistent with increased BAT activity. CO showed a better effect than MCFA in activating BAT to increase thermogenesis and energy metabolism to combat obesity, which may be attributed to the cooperation of MCFA and other substances in CO. This work provides evidence for the anti-obesity effects of CO, which could be a better alternative to lard in daily diet, rather than pure MCFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Jielong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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12
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Hironao KY, Ashida H, Yamashita Y. Black soybean seed coat polyphenol ameliorates the abnormal feeding pattern induced by high-fat diet consumption. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1006132. [PMID: 36299984 PMCID: PMC9589235 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1006132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption induces chronic inflammation and microglial accumulation in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), the central regulator of feeding behavior and peripheral metabolism. As a result, the diurnal feeding rhythm is disrupted, leading to the development of obesity. Diet-induced obesity (DIO) can be prevented by restoring the normal feeding pattern. Therefore, functional foods and drugs that ameliorate hypothalamic inflammation and restore the normal feeding pattern may prevent or ameliorate DIO. Numerous functional foods and food-derived compounds with anti-obesity effects have been identified; however, few studies have been performed that assessed their potential to prevent the HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation and disruption of feeding rhythm. In the present study, we found that polyphenols derived from black soybean seed coat (BE) significantly ameliorated the accumulation of activated microglia and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice, and restored their feeding pattern to one comparable to that of standard diet-fed mice, thereby ameliorating DIO. Furthermore, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside—the principal anthocyanin in BE—was found to be a strong candidate mediator of these effects. This is the first study to show that BE has the potential to provide a variety of beneficial effects on health, which involve amelioration of the HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation and abnormal feeding pattern. The results of this study provide new evidence for the anti-obesity effects of black soybean polyphenols.
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13
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Huang Y, Wang N, Zhao H. In vivo activities of the structured lipids -1, 3-dioleic acid 2-palmitic acid triglyceride (OPO) in high-fat diet mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Sun J, Chen J, Bi Y, Xiao Y, Ding L, Bai W. Fabrication and characterization of β-cyclodextrin-epichlorohydrin grafted carboxymethyl chitosan for improving the stability of Cyanidin-3-glucoside. Food Chem 2022; 370:130933. [PMID: 34507211 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin constituent of fruits and vegetables. It has been proven to possess numerous health benefits with no side effects. However, the poor stability of C3G is an intractable property that limits its application. Hence, the aim of this study is to improve the stability of C3G through the formation of well dispersed nanoparticles. In this study, C3G loaded β-CD-EP-CMC nanoparticles exhibited nearly spherical with good disperse and homogeneous morphology. Results also indicated that the nanoparticles formation of grafting of C3G to β-CD-EP-CMC could significantly improve the stability of C3G to against thermal or light degradation. Collectively, current results strongly aligned with the prospective purpose that the grafting of C3G to β-CD-EP-CMC nanoparticles could be treated as an effective approach for improving the stability. This study opens a new avenue for the utilization and development of novel wall materials β-CD-EP-CMC in C3G associated nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Sun
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yanmei Bi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuhang Xiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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15
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Han S, Yang Y, Lu Y, Guo J, Han X, Gao Y, Huang W, You Y, Zhan J. Cyanidin-3- O-glucoside Regulates the Expression of Ucp1 in Brown Adipose Tissue by Activating Prdm16 Gene. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1986. [PMID: 34943089 PMCID: PMC8750179 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) burns energy to produce heat. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) can then enhance the thermogenic ability of BAT in vivo. However, the mechanism by which C3G regulates Ucp1 protein expression remains unclear. (2) Methods: In this study, C3H10T12 brown adipose cells and db/db mice and mice with high-fat, high-fructose, diet-induced obesity were used as the model to explore the effect of C3G on the expression of the Ucp1 gene. Furthermore, the 293T cell line was used for an in vitro cell transgene, a double luciferase reporting system, and yeast single hybridization to explore the mechanism of C3G in regulating Ucp1 protein. (3) Results: we identified that, under the influence of C3G, Prdm16 directly binds to the -500 to -150 bp promoter region of Ucp1 to activate its transcription and, thus, facilitate BAT programming. (4) Conclusions: This study clarified the mechanism by which C3G regulates the expression of the Ucp1 gene of brown fat to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
| | - Yafan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
| | - Yanan Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
- School of Biomedicine, Beijing City University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
| | - Xue Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunxiao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Beijing 100083, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (Y.G.); (W.H.)
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16
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Song X, Lu Y, Lu Y, Lv L. Adduct Formation of Acrolein with Cyanidin-3- O-glucoside and Its Degradants/Metabolites during Thermal Processing or In Vivo after Consumption of Red Bayberry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13143-13154. [PMID: 34714663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acrolein (ACR) derives from the external environment and the endogenous metabolism of organisms. It has super-reactivity and can induce various diseases. We investigated the capacity of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and its degradants/metabolites to capture ACR during thermal processing or in vivo. Our results indicated that both C3G and its degradants, including phloroglucinaldehyde (PGA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA), could efficiently trap ACR to form adducts, such as C3G-ACR, C3G-2ACR, PGA-ACR, PGA-2ACR, PCA-ACR, and PCA-2ACR. Additionally, these adducts were detected in commercial canned red bayberry products. The adducts of C3G and its metabolites conjugated with ACR, such as C3G-ACR, C3G-2ACR, PGA-ACR, and 4-hydroxybenzoic-acid-ACR (4-HBA-ACR), were also detected in mice feces treated with C3G by oral gavage, where the adduct level was dose-dependent. A similar pattern was observed in tests on human consumption of red bayberry. In human urine, only PGA-2ACR and 4-HBA-ACR, were found, whereas C3G-ACR, C3G-2ACR, myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside-ACR (M3R-ACR), PGA-2ACR, 4-HBA-ACR and ferulic acid-ACR (FA-ACR) were detected in human feces following administration of red bayberry. Our results are the first demonstration that C3G and its metabolites can capture ACR in vitro and in vivo (mice and humans) and present a novel strategy, the development of C3G as a promising ACR inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Song
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongling Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishuang Lv
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
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17
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Bonesi M, Leporini M, Tenuta MC, Tundis R. The Role of Anthocyanins in Drug Discovery: Recent Developments. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 17:286-298. [PMID: 30686260 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190125152931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds have always played a key role in drug discovery. Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoids family responsible for the purple, blue, and red colour of many vegetables and fruits. These phytochemicals have attracted the interest of researchers for their important implications in human health and for their use as natural colorants. Many in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the potential effects of anthocyanins and anthocyanins-rich foods in the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This review reports the recent literature data and focuses on the potential role of anthocyanins in drug discovery. Their biological activity, analysis of structure-activity relationships, bioavailability, metabolism, and future prospects of their uses are critically described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Maria C Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
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18
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Choi M, Mukherjee S, Yun JW. Anthocyanin oligomers stimulate browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes via activation of the β3-adrenergic receptor and ERK signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6281-6294. [PMID: 34523169 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbial fermentation of grape-skin extracts is found to synthesize anthocyanin oligomers (AO), which are more active than the monomeric anthocyanins that are effective for some metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. This study investigated the functional role of AO in 3T3-L1 white adipocyte metabolism, with a focus on inducing browning. To achieve this, we determined the expressions of core genes and protein markers responsible for browning and lipid metabolism in response to AO treatment of 3T3-L1 white adipocytes. AO exposure significantly increases the expressions of beige-specific genes (Cidea, Cited1, Ppargc1α, Prdm16, Tbx1, Tmem26, and Ucp1) and brown-fat signature proteins (UCP1, PRDM16, and PGC-1α), and suppresses the expressions of lipogenic marker proteins while enhancing the protein levels of lipolysis in white adipocytes. The mechanistic study revealed stimulation of white fat browning via activation of the β3-AR/PKA/p38 axis and ERK/CREB signaling pathway subsequent to AO treatment. In conclusion, our current findings indicate the beneficial effects of AO for the treatment of obesity with interesting properties such as regulating the browning of adipocytes and increasing thermogenic activity. Although further research based on animal models or clinical trials remains, AO treatment can bring more insights into the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulagna Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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19
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Liu J, Hao W, He Z, Kwek E, Zhu H, Ma N, Ma KY, Chen ZY. Blueberry and cranberry anthocyanin extracts reduce bodyweight and modulate gut microbiota in C57BL/6 J mice fed with a high-fat diet. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:2735-2746. [PMID: 33392758 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Blueberry and cranberry are rich in anthocyanins. The present study was to investigate the effects of anthocyanin extracts from blueberry and cranberry on body weight and gut microbiota. METHODS C57BL/6 J Mice were divided into six groups (n = 9 each) fed one of six diets namely low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD with the addition of 1% blueberry extract (BL), 2% blueberry extract (BH), 1% cranberry extract (CL), and 2% cranberry extract (CH), respectively. RESULTS Feeding BL and BH diets significantly decreased body weight gain by 20-23%, total adipose tissue weight by 18-20%, and total liver lipids by 16-18% compared with feeding HFD. Feeding CH diet but not CL diet reduced the body weight by 27%, accompanied by a significant reduction of total plasma cholesterol by 25% and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by 38%. The metagenomic analysis showed that the supplementation of blueberry and cranberry anthocyanin extracts reduced plasma lipopolysaccharide concentration, accompanied by a reduction in the relative abundance of Rikenella and Rikenellaceae. Dietary supplementation of berry anthocyanin extracts promoted the growth of Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia, and Clostridium_innocuum_group in genus level, leading to a greater production of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that both berry anthocyanins could manage the body weight and favorably modulate the gut microbiota at least in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, NT, China
| | - Wangjun Hao
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, NT, China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, NT, China
| | - Erika Kwek
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, NT, China
| | - Hanyue Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, NT, China
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Ka Ying Ma
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, NT, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, NT, China.
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20
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de Lima LP, de Paula Barbosa A. A review of the lipolytic effects and the reduction of abdominal fat from bioactive compounds and moro orange extracts. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07695. [PMID: 34409177 PMCID: PMC8361066 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation containing Citrus sinensis extract is being widely used for weight loss due to its anti-adipogenic and antioxidant effects that regulate the metabolism of fatty acids. Bioactive compounds upregulate PPARα in the liver tissue, increasing oxidation of fatty acids and improving insulin sensitivity in addition to decreasing the expression of genes involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, such as LXRα and FAS. Studies on synephrine demonstrated their ability to stimulate the development of beige adipose tissue through greater expression of UCP1 and mtTFA, contributing to an increase in thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. However, despite its widespread use to reduce abdominal fat, few scientific studies have consensually proven the effectiveness of Moro orange extract for weight loss. This literature review summarizes the current information on the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms involved in the modulation of lipid metabolism by the bioactive compounds present in Moro orange extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pinheiro de Lima
- Faculdade Ana Carolina Puga (FAPUGA), Av. Braz Olaia Acosta, 1.900/ 109, Ribeirão Preto, 14026-610, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antony de Paula Barbosa
- Faculdade Ana Carolina Puga (FAPUGA), Av. Braz Olaia Acosta, 1.900/ 109, Ribeirão Preto, 14026-610, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Bayram HM, Majoo FM, Ozturkcan A. Polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An update of preclinical and clinical studies. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 44:1-14. [PMID: 34330452 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most urgent problems to be solved. To date, only a lifestyle modification related to diet and physical activity is considered for these patients. Polyphenols are a group of plant natural products that when regularly consumed has been related to a reduction in the risk of several metabolic disorders associated with NAFLD. In this study, we aimed to present an overview of the relationship between polyphenols and NAFLD with current approaches. METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search for articles on polyphenols and NAFLD published in English between January 2018 to August 2020. Keywords included in this review: "Phenolic" OR "Polyphenol" AND "Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease". The editorials, communications and conference abstracts were excluded. RESULTS Different polyphenols decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines in both serum and liver that contribute to a decrease in fatty liver dysfunction. Additionally, polyphenols may improve the regulation of adipokines and prevent hepatic steatosis. According to human clinical studies, polyphenols are promising for NAFLD patients and associated diseases that lead to NAFLD. CONCLUSION Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that various polyphenols could prevent steatosis and its progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, as well as ameliorate NAFLD. However, more clinical studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Merve Bayram
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avcilar, 34310, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fuzail Mohammed Majoo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avcilar, 34310, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Arda Ozturkcan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avcilar, 34310, Istanbul, Turkey.
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22
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Gao Y, Tian R, Liu H, Xue H, Zhang R, Han S, Ji L, Huang W, Zhan J, You Y. Research progress on intervention effect and mechanism of protocatechuic acid on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:9053-9075. [PMID: 34142875 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1939265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a surge burden worldwide due to its high prevalence, with complicated deterioration symptoms such as liver fibrosis and cancer. No effective drugs are available for NALFD so far. The rapid growth of clinical demand has prompted the treatment of NAFLD to become a research hotspot. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a natural secondary metabolite commonly found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and herbal medicine. It is also the major internal metabolites of anthocyanins and other polyphenols. In the present manuscript, food sources, metabolic absorption, and efficacy of PCA were summarized while analyzing its role in improving NAFLD, as well as the mechanism involved. The results indicated that PCA could ameliorate NAFLD by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation, gut microbiota and metabolites. It was proposed for the first time that PCA might reduce NAFLD by enhancing the energy consumption of brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, the PCA administration mode and dose for NAFLD remain inconclusive. Fresh insights into the specific molecular mechanisms are required, while clinical trials are essential in the future. This review provides new targets and reasoning for the clinical application of PCA in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Gao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongrong Tian
- Department of Biomedicine, Beijing City University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyue Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Suping Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ji
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin You
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Inhibitory effects of soy protein and its hydrolysate on the degradation of anthocyanins in mulberry extract. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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24
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Alves Castilho P, Bracht L, Barros L, Albuquerque BR, Dias MI, Ferreira ICFR, Comar JF, Barlati Vieira da Silva T, Peralta RM, Sá-Nakanishi ABD, Bracht A. Effects of a Myrciaria jaboticaba peel extract on starch and triglyceride absorption and the role of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. Food Funct 2021; 12:2644-2659. [PMID: 33645616 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02927k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to perform a parallel and comparative investigation of the effects of a Myrciaria jaboticaba (common name jabuticaba) peel extract and of its constituent cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on the overall process of starch and triglyceride intestinal absorption. The peel extract inhibited both the porcine pancreactic α-amylase and the pancreatic lipase but was 13.6 times more potent on the latter (IC50 values of 1963 and 143.9 μg mL-1, respectively). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside did not contribute significantly to these inhibitions. The jabuticaba peel extract inhibited starch absorption in mice at doses that were compatible with its inhibitory action on the α-amylase. No inhibition of starch absorption was found with cyanidin-3-O-glucoside doses compatible with its content in the extract. The extract also inhibited triglyceride absorption, but at doses that were considerably smaller than those predicted by its strength in inhibiting the pancreatic lipase (ID50 = 3.65 mg kg-1). In this case, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside was also strongly inhibitory, with 72% inhibition at the dose of 2 mg kg-1. When oleate + glycerol were given to mice, both the peel extract and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside strongly inhibited the appearance of triglycerides in the plasma. The main mechanism seems, thus, not to be the lipase inhibition but rather the inhibition of one or more steps (e.g., transport) in the events that lead to the transformation of free fatty acids in the intestinal tract into triglycerides. Due to the low active doses, the jabuticaba peel extract presents many favourable perspectives as an inhibitor of fat absorption and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside seems to play a decisive role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Alves Castilho
- Post-Graduate Program in Food Sciences, State University of Maringa, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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25
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Gu Y, Xiao X, Pan R, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Dong Y, Cui H. Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 fermented barley extraction activates white adipocyte browning in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13680. [PMID: 33646616 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is caused by the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Here, we studied the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of fermented barley with Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 (LFBE) and beta-glucan (BGL) on the obesity induced by HFD. Both LFBE and BGL significantly decreased body weight, suppressed visceral lipid accumulation, improved blood lipid profile, and glucose tolerance in HFD rats. BGL showed no thermogenic capacity, while LFBE enhanced the expression of Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1), and brown-specific mRNA (PRDM16, PGC1-α, and CIDEA) levels in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissues (WAT) of HFD rats. In addition, LFBE increased the expression of key genes involved in mitochondria biosynthesis and the mitochondrial respiration function. Further, we demonstrated that proteins extracted from LFBE (LFBE-P) were responsible for triggering brown markers to some extent. In conclusion, LFBE alleviates HFD-induced obesity by activating thermogenic fat bioenergetics and mitochondria biosynthesis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Barley is one of the most productive crops with pretty low utilization. Our group committed to exploring the application and nutritional value of barley. This work aimed to explore improvements in nutritional function of barley after fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1. Our study found that oral administration of LFBE help turning white adipose tissue into a thermogenesis state and activate heat generation function of brown adipose tissue. Its characteristics mentioned above significantly inhibited the body weight and blood lipid of high-fat diet rats. Further, we evidenced that LFBE-P were responsible for triggering brown markers in 3T3-L1 cells. We believe our research plays a great part to relieving high-fat diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes with functional diet supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Gu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Jiangsu Jiangnan Biotech Co., Ltd., Danyang, China
| | - Ruirong Pan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Ying Dong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Henglin Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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26
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Functional ingredients present in whole-grain foods as therapeutic tools to counteract obesity: Effects on brown and white adipose tissues. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Han X, Guo J, Gao Y, Zhan J, You Y, Huang W. Gentisic acid prevents diet-induced obesity in mice by accelerating the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue. Food Funct 2021; 12:1262-1270. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02474k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gentisic acid prevents diet-induced obesity in mice by accelerating the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jielong Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yunxiao Gao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yilin You
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Weidong Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
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28
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Lelis DDF, Andrade JMO, Almenara CCP, Broseguini-Filho GB, Mill JG, Baldo MP. High fructose intake and the route towards cardiometabolic diseases. Life Sci 2020; 259:118235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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29
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Sandoval V, Sanz-Lamora H, Arias G, Marrero PF, Haro D, Relat J. Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2393. [PMID: 32785059 PMCID: PMC7469047 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention and treatment of obesity is primary based on the follow-up of a healthy lifestyle, which includes a healthy diet with an important presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. For many years, the health benefits of polyphenols have been attributed to their anti-oxidant capacity as free radical scavengers. More recently it has been described that polyphenols activate other cell-signaling pathways that are not related to ROS production but rather involved in metabolic regulation. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge in this field by focusing on the metabolic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom where they are used for growing and defensing. They are structurally characterized by two benzene rings and a heterocyclic pyrone ring and based on the oxidation and saturation status of the heterocyclic ring flavonoids are grouped in seven different subclasses. The present work is focused on describing the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic impact of flavonoids in obesity and obesity-related diseases. We described the effects of each group of flavonoids in liver, white and brown adipose tissue and central nervous system and the metabolic and signaling pathways involved on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Sandoval
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Hèctor Sanz-Lamora
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Giselle Arias
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Pedro F. Marrero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Haro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Relat
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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30
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Zhou F, Guo J, Han X, Gao Y, Chen Q, Huang W, Zhan J, Huang D, You Y. Cranberry Polyphenolic Extract Exhibits an Antiobesity Effect on High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice through Increased Thermogenesis. J Nutr 2020; 150:2131-2138. [PMID: 32533770 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although polyphenol-rich cranberry extracts reportedly have an antiobesity effect, the exact reason for this remains unclear. OBJECTIVES In light of the reported health benefits of the polyphenolic compounds in cranberry, we investigated the effects and mechanism of a cranberry polyphenolic extract (CPE) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. METHODS The distributions of individual CPE compounds were characterized by HPLC fingerprinting. Male C57BL/6J mice (4 wk old) were fed for 16 wk normal diet (ND, 10% fat energy) or HFD (60% fat energy) with or without 0.75% CPE in drinking water (HFD + CPE). Body and adipose depot weights, indices of glucose metabolism, energy expenditure (EE), and expression of genes related to brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, and inguinal/epididymal white adipose tissue (iWAT/eWAT) browning were measured. RESULTS After 16 wk, the body weight was 22.5% lower in the CPE-treated mice than in the HFD group but remained 17.9% higher than in the ND group. CPE treatment significantly increased EE compared with that of the ND and HFD groups. The elevated EE was linked with BAT thermogenesis, and iWAT/eWAT browning, shown by the induction of thermogenic genes, especially uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), and browning-related genes, including Cd137, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (Tnfrsf9). The mRNA expression and abundance of uncoupling protein 1 in BAT of CPE-fed mice were 5.78 and 1.47 times higher than in the HFD group, and 0.61 and 1.12 times higher than in the ND group, respectively. Cd137 gene expression in iWAT and eWAT of CPE-fed mice were 2.35 and 3.13 times higher than in the HFD group, and 0.84 and 1.39 times higher than in the ND group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Dietary CPE reduced but did not normalize HFD-induced body weight gain in male C57BL/6J mice, possibly by affecting energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhou
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxiao Gao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qimin Chen
- Department of Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weidong Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilin You
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Xinghua, Jiangsu, China
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31
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Sivamaruthi BS, Kesika P, Chaiyasut C. The Influence of Supplementation of Anthocyanins on Obesity-Associated Comorbidities: A Concise Review. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060687. [PMID: 32466434 PMCID: PMC7353506 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are water-soluble plant pigments, and based on their chemical structure (nature, position, and the number of sugar moieties attached; the number of hydroxyl groups; acylation of sugars with acids) about 635 different anthocyanins have been identified and reported from plants. Cyanidin, peonidin, pelargonidin, petunidin, and malvidin are the commonly found anthocyanidins (aglycon forms of anthocyanins) in edible plants out of almost 25 anthocyanidins that are identified (based on the position of methoxyl and hydroxyl groups in the rings) in nature. Anthocyanins are known for numerous health benefits including anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory bowel disease, anti-cancer, etc. Obesity can be defined as excessive or abnormal adipose tissue and body mass, which increases the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, etc. The manuscript summarizes the recent updates in the effects of anthocyanins supplementation on the health status of obese subjects, and briefly the results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Several studies confirmed that the consumption of anthocyanins-rich food improved obesity-associated dysbiosis in gut microbiota and inflammation in adipose tissue. Anthocyanin consumption prevents obesity in healthy subjects, and aids in maintaining or reducing the body weight of obese subjects, also improving the metabolism and energy balance. Though preclinical studies proved the beneficial effects of anthocyanins such as the fact that daily intake of anthocyanin rich fruits and vegetables might aid weight maintenance in every healthy individual, Juҫara pulp might control the inflammatory status of obesity, Queen garnet plum juice reduced the blood pressure and risk factors associated with metabolic disorders, and highbush organic blueberries improved the metabolism of obese individuals, we don't have an established treatment procedure to prevent or manage the over-weight condition and its comorbidities. Thus, further studies on the optimum dose, duration, and mode of supplementation of anthocyanins are required to develop an anthocyanins-based clinical procedure.
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32
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Han X, Guo J, You Y, Zhan J, Huang W. p-Coumaric acid prevents obesity via activating thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue mediated by mTORC1-RPS6. FASEB J 2020; 34:7810-7824. [PMID: 32350925 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000333r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has long been recognized as an energy-consuming organ and a possible target for combating metabolism disorder. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of phytochemical phenolic acids to improve obesity by activating BAT, the underlying mechanism or mechanism therein remain obscure. In this study, diet-induced obese mice, genetically obese mice, and C3H10T1/2 cells were used to examine the effects of p-Coumaric acid (CA) on metabolism profiles. The results showed that CA prevented metabolic syndromes in the two mice models through the activation of BAT. This phenomenon was closely linked to the upregulation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and the accelerated burning of fatty acids and glucose, which consequently enhanced the energy expenditure and thermogenesis. Similar results were also obtained in vitro. Importantly, these effects were mediated by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-RPS6 pathway. These findings reveal, to the best of our knowledge for the first time, the close correlation between mTORC1-RPS6 and BAT-mediated thermogenesis, and, in addition, the key role played by mTORC1-RPS6 in mediating phenolic acids-induced activation of BAT, thus preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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33
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Han X, Guo J, Yin M, Liu Y, You Y, Zhan J, Huang W. Grape Extract Activates Brown Adipose Tissue Through Pathway Involving the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000149. [PMID: 32248640 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Although the physiological function of grape extract (GE) has long been recognized, the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the effects of GE on metabolism and the association between GE activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the restoration of gut microbiota (GM). METHODS AND RESULTS Diet-induced obese mice are used to investigate the function of GE. GE administration increases energy metabolism and prevents obesity. Also, GE restores the dysbiosis of GM by augmenting the observed species, enhancing the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the abundance of the Bifidobacteria, Akkermansia, and Clostridia genera. This restoration of GM alters the bile acid (BA) pool in the serum. The abundance of Akkermansia, Clostridium, and Bifidobacterium is negatively correlated with the concentrations of TαMCA, TβMCA, and TCA but is positively correlated with DCA. The changes in BA promoted TGR5 in BAT, which contributed to thermogenesis. The metabolites of GE in blood do not stimulate TGR5 in vitro. CONCLUSION GE stimulates the thermogenesis of BAT through a pathway involving the regulation of GM and BA in diet-induced obese mice. This study reveals the mechanism by which dietary polyphenols promote thermogenesis by regulating BA, which is altered by GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Manwen Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
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34
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Albuquerque BR, Oliveira MBPP, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Could fruits be a reliable source of food colorants? Pros and cons of these natural additives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:805-835. [PMID: 32267162 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1746904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Color additives are important for the food industry to improve sensory quality lost during food process and to expand the variety of products. In general, artificial colorants have lower cost and better stability than the natural ones. Nevertheless, studies have reported their association with some health disorders. Furthermore, consumers have given greater attention to food products with health beneficial effects, which has provided a new perspective for the use of natural colorants. In this context, fruits are an excellent alternative source of natural compounds, that allow the obtainment of a wide range of colorant molecules, such as anthocyanins, betalains, carotenoids, and chlorophylls. Furthermore, in addition to their coloring ability, they comprise different bioactive properties. However, the extraction and application of natural colorants from fruits is still a challenge, since these compounds show some stability problems, in addition to issues related to the sustainability of raw-materials providing. To overcome these limitations, several studies have reported optimized extraction and stabilization procedures. In this review, the major pigments found in fruits and their extraction and stabilization techniques for uses as food additives will be looked over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca R Albuquerque
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE - Science Chemical Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
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35
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Rajan L, Palaniswamy D, Mohankumar SK. Targeting obesity with plant-derived pancreatic lipase inhibitors: A comprehensive review. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104681. [PMID: 32045666 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is alarmingly increasing in the last few decades and leading to many serious public health concerns worldwide. The dysregulated lipid homeostasis due to various genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors is considered one of the critical putative pathways mediating obesity. Nonetheless, the scientific advancements unleashing the molecular dynamics of lipid metabolism have provided deeper insights on the emerging roles of lipid hydrolysing enzymes, including pancreatic lipase. It is hypothesized that inhibiting pancreatic lipase would prevent the breakdown of triglyceride and delays the absorption of fatty acids into the systemic circulation and adipocytes. Whilst, orlistat is the only conventional pancreatic lipase enzyme inhibitor available in clinics, identifying the safe clinical alternatives from plants to inhibit pancreatic lipase has been considered a significant advancement. Consequently, plants which have shown significant potential to combat obesity are now revisited for its abilities to inhibit pancreatic lipase. In this regard, our review surveyed the potential of medicinal plants and its phytoconstituents to inhibit pancreatic lipase and to elicit anti-obesity effects. Thus, the review collate and critically appraise the potential of medicinal plants and phyto-molecules inhibiting pancreatic lipase enzyme and consequently modulating triglyceride absorption in gut, and discuss its implications in the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logesh Rajan
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland's, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanabal Palaniswamy
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland's, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Mohankumar
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland's, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Albuquerque BR, Pinela J, Barros L, Oliveira MBPP, Ferreira ICFR. Anthocyanin-rich extract of jabuticaba epicarp as a natural colorant: Optimization of heat- and ultrasound-assisted extractions and application in a bakery product. Food Chem 2020; 316:126364. [PMID: 32058190 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat- and ultrasound-assisted extractions of anthocyanins from jabuticaba epicarp were optimized and the colouring potential of the developed extract was tested on macarons. The independent variables time (t), solvent concentration (S), and temperature (T) or power (P) were combined in a five-level central composite design coupled with response surface methodology. The delphinidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside levels monitored by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS were used as response criteria. The developed models were successfully fitted to the experimental data and used to determine optimal extraction conditions. HAE was the most efficient method yielding 81 ± 2 mg/g extract under optimal conditions (t = 21.8 min, T = 47.1 °C and S = 9.1% ethanol, v/v). Macarons were then produced using the optimized anthocyanin-rich colouring extract and their colour parameters and nutritional profile were monitored during shelf-life. The obtained results provided useful information for the development of anthocyanin-rich extracts from a bio-waste with potential use as natural food colorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca R Albuquerque
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Wang J, Zhang L, Dong L, Hu X, Feng F, Chen F. 6-Gingerol, a Functional Polyphenol of Ginger, Promotes Browning through an AMPK-Dependent Pathway in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:14056-14065. [PMID: 31789021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the browning effect of 6-gingerol (6G), one of the main functional compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of ginger (ginger ethyl acetate fraction, GEF), and its underlying mechanisms. In this study, we first discovered that GEF stimulated brown adipocyte differentiation by upregulating the expression levels of browning-specific transcription makers (UCP1, PRDM16, and PGC-1α), thereby reducing lipogenesis transcriptional regulator (C/EBPα) expression in 3T3-L1-differentiated adipocytes. Then, 6G (47.81 ± 0.62 mg/g) was identified as one of the main functional compounds in GEF using high-performance liquid chromatography. 6G promoted adipocyte browning, as evidenced by an increase in some brown/beige fat-specific genes (PGC-1α, Cidea, Prdm16, Cited1, SIRT1, Tmem26, and Ucp1) and proteins (UCP1, CEBP/β, PGC-1α, and PRDM16) expression levels. Moreover, 6G greatly improved mitochondrial respiration and energy metabolism by upregulating the expression levels of some mitochondrial biogenesis markers (Tfam, Nrf1, SIRT1, and p-AMPK/AMPK) and increasing the uncoupled oxygen consumption rate of protons leaked in 3T3-L1 cells. Comparison of the experimental results obtained with an inhibitor (dorsomorphin) and an activator (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) suggested that the 6G-associated regulation of the energy metabolism effect was mediated partly through the AMPK signaling pathway. This study provides new insight into the promotion of fat browning and regulation of lipid metabolism by 6G and suggests that 6G likely has potential therapeutic effects on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
- Ningbo Research Institute , Zhejiang University , Ningbo 315100 , China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310029 , China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Li Dong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- Ningbo Research Institute , Zhejiang University , Ningbo 315100 , China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310029 , China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083 , China
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38
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Pan MH, Koh YC, Lee TL, Wang B, Chen WK, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT. Resveratrol and Oxyresveratrol Activate Thermogenesis via Different Transcriptional Coactivators in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13605-13616. [PMID: 31735033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health issue. Thermogenesis is a novel way to promote anti-obesity by consuming energy as heat rather than storing it as triacylglycerols. The browning program allows mitochondrial biosynthesis and thermogenesis-related gene expression to occur in subcutaneous white adipose tissue, which results in the formation of beige adipose tissue. Some phytochemicals have exerted the capability to activate the fat browning process. Resveratrol and oxyresveratrol are both natural stilbenoids that have been reported for their anti-obesity efficacy. However, the comparison between the two as they relate to thermogenesis as well as the differences in their underlying mechanisms are still not widely discussed. Our result reveals that both resveratrol and oxyresveratrol could elevate the expression of thermogenesis-related protein expression including UCP1 (uncoupling protein-1) and PRDM (PR domain containing 16) via Sirt1/PGC-1α (sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferation gamma coactivator-1 α) activation. However, it is suggested that the transcriptional factor PPARα (peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor α) was activated by resveratrol (1.38 ± 0.07 fold) but not oxyresveratrol. Conversely, C/EBPβ (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β) was upregulated by oxyresveratrol (1.58 ± 0.05 fold) but not by resveratrol. On the other hand, CPT1 (carnitine palmitoyltransferase) was found to be significantly activated at lower concentrations of oxyresveratrol up to 1.89 ± 0.04 fold as compared to high-fat diet, and it could be a leading reason for UCP1 activation. Lastly, adiponectin expression was promoted in all experimental groups (1.53 ± 0.08 and 1.49 ± 0.11-fold in resveratrol (RES) and high oxyresveratrol (HOXY), respectively), which could be an activator for mitochondrial biosynthesis and UCP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hsiung Pan
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research , China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University , Taichung 40402 , Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung 41354 , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ling Lee
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Bini Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Wen-Kang Chen
- Department of Applied Cosmetology , National Tainan Junior College of Nursing , Tainan 700 , Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science , Rutgers University , New Brunswick , New Jersey 08901 , United States
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Han X, Zhang Y, Guo J, You Y, Zhan J, Huang W. Chlorogenic Acid Stimulates the Thermogenesis of Brown Adipocytes by Promoting the Uptake of Glucose and the Function of Mitochondria. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3815-3824. [PMID: 31750946 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) prevents obesity and related diseases by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation with adenosine triphosphate. Previous studies have demonstrated that polyphenols can promote the thermogenesis of BAT in mice. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a common phenolic acid found in fruits and vegetables, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, which is responsible for a variety of physiological activities. However, it is still unclear whether CGA has positive effects on the thermogenesis of BAT. In this study, CGA enhances the thermogenesis and proton leak of brown adipocytes, however, no changes are evident regarding the differentiation of C3 H10 T1/2 into brown adipocytes. Surprisingly, CGA promotes the uptake of glucose by upregulating the glucose transporter 2 and phosphofructokinase. Moreover, CGA increases the number and the function of mitochondrial. Taken together, CGA stimulates thermogenesis of brown adipocytes by promoting the uptake of glucose and the function of mitochondria. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is widely found in fruits, vegetables, and traditional Chinese medicines, which has been considered to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory function. However, whether it has the function of resisting obesity and promoting thermogenesis is still unclear. In this study, brown adipocyte was used to explore the function and mechanism of CGA on thermogenesis. It provides new ideas for the utilization of foods rich in CGA and traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ., Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural Univ., Xinghua, 225700, Jiangsu, China
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40
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Grape seed flour intake decreases adiposity gain in high-fat-diet induced obese mice by activating thermogenesis. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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41
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Jayarathne S, Stull AJ, Park OH, Kim JH, Thompson L, Moustaid-Moussa N. Protective Effects of Anthocyanins in Obesity-Associated Inflammation and Changes in Gut Microbiome. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900149. [PMID: 31389663 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease and a major public health epidemic. Chronic, low-grade inflammation is a common underlying feature of obesity and associated metabolic diseases; adipose tissue is a major contributor to this systemic inflammation. Evidence shows that obesity-associated inflammation may originate from gut dysfunction, including changes in intestinal bacteria or microbiome profiles. Increasingly, food and plant bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are proposed to ameliorate obesity-associated inflammation. Among these, the health-promoting effects of anthocyanin-rich foods are of interest here. Specifically, this review summarizes the reported benefits of anthocyanins in obesity-associated inflammation and underlying molecular mechanisms, including the role of gut microbiome and cell signaling pathways regulated by anthocyanins both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasika Jayarathne
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - April J Stull
- Department of Human Ecology, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, USA
| | - Oak-Hee Park
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Jung Han Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Leslie Thompson
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.,Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
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42
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Li H, Qi J, Li L. Phytochemicals as potential candidates to combat obesity via adipose non-shivering thermogenesis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104393. [PMID: 31401211 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by a long-term imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. The discovery of three different shades of adipose tissues has implications in terms of understanding the pathogenesis and potential interventions for obesity and its related complications. Fat browning, as well as activation of brown adipocytes and new beige adipocytes differentiated from adipogenic progenitor cells, are emerging as interesting and promising methods to curb obesity because of their unique capacity to upregulate non-shivering thermogenesis. This capacity is due to catabolism of stored energy to generate heat through the best characterized thermogenic effector uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). A variety of phytochemicals have been shown in the literature to contribute to thermogenesis by acting as chemical uncouplers, UCP1 inducers or regulators of fat differentiation and browning. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms and strategies for targeting adipose-mediated thermogenesis and highlight the role of phytochemicals in targeting adipose thermogenesis to fight against obesity. We also discuss proposed targets for how these phytochemical molecules promote BAT activity, WAT browning and beige cell development, thereby offering novel insights into interventional strategies of how phytochemicals may help prevent and manage obesity via adipose thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China; Section of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, 06520, USA.
| | - Jiameng Qi
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Linghuan Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
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43
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Lycopene supplementation attenuates western diet-induced body weight gain through increasing the expressions of thermogenic/mitochondrial functional genes and improving insulin resistance in the adipose tissue of obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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44
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Reynés B, Palou M, Rodríguez AM, Palou A. Regulation of Adaptive Thermogenesis and Browning by Prebiotics and Postbiotics. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1908. [PMID: 30687123 PMCID: PMC6335971 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics are non-digestible food components able to modify host microbiota toward a healthy profile, concomitantly conferring general beneficial health effects. Numerous research works have provided wide evidence regarding the effects of prebiotics on the protection against different detrimental phenotypes related to cancer, immunity, and features of the metabolic syndrome, among others. Nonetheless, one topic less studied so far, but relevant, relates to the connection between prebiotics and energy metabolism regulation (and the prevention or treatment of obesity), especially by means of their impact on adaptive (non-shivering) thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and in the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). In the present review, a key link between prebiotics and the regulation of adaptive thermogenesis and lipid metabolism (in both BAT and WAT) is proposed, thus connecting prebiotic consumption, microbiota selection (especially gut microbiota), production of microbiota metabolites, and the regulation of energy metabolism in adipose tissue, particularly regarding the effects on browning promotion, or on BAT recruitment. In this sense, various types of prebiotics, from complex carbohydrates to phenolic compounds, have been studied regarding their microbiota-modulating role and their effects on crucial tissues for energy metabolism, including adipose tissue. Other studies have analyzed the effects of the main metabolites produced by selected microbiota on the improvement of metabolism, such as short chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. Here, we focus on state-of-the-art evidence to demonstrate that different prebiotics can have an impact on energy metabolism and the prevention or treatment of obesity (and its associated disorders) by inducing or regulating adaptive thermogenic capacity in WAT and/or BAT, through modulation of microbiota and their derived metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bàrbara Reynés
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mariona Palou
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ana M. Rodríguez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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45
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Lenquiste SA, de Almeida Lamas C, da Silva Marineli R, Moraes ÉA, Borck PC, Camargo RL, Quitete VHAC, Carneiro EM, Junior MRM. Jaboticaba peel powder and jaboticaba peel aqueous extract reduces obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic fat accumulation in rats. Food Res Int 2018; 120:880-887. [PMID: 31000309 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel (FJP) and jaboticaba tea (JE) on obesity parameters of diet-induced obese rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were distributed into six groups: AIN-93 M feed a normal control diet; HFF (obese control) feed a high-fat and fructose diet; Prevention FJP (P. FJP) and Treatment FJP (T. FJP) feed HFF diet with 2% of FJP powder, for 12 and 6 weeks respectively; Prevention JE (P. JE) and Treatment JE (T. JE) were feed with HFF diet and the water was substituted by JE, for 12 and 6 weeks, respectively. Lipid profile, glucose, adiponectin and leptin were measured. Glucose and insulin tolerance, also pancreatic islet insulin secretion were determined. Liver morphology and fat liver accumulation were evaluated. Results showed that HFF-diet induced weight gain, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. All FJP and JE treatments reduced weight gain, adiposity and improved insulin sensitivity. Twelve weeks supplementation increased HDL-cholesterol and prevented hepatic steatosis. Our results suggest that FJP and JE act as functional foods, being a dietary strategy to prevent or control obesity. FJP and JE 12 weeks supplementation can modulate important parameters of obesity and insulin metabolism, preventing liver steatosis in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Alves Lenquiste
- Faculty of Nutrition, University of Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE) - Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 80 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Celina de Almeida Lamas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Bertrand Russel Av, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaela da Silva Marineli
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 80 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Érica Aguiar Moraes
- Department of Integrated Education, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria - ES, Brazil; Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 80 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cristine Borck
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Bertrand Russel Av, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ludemann Camargo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Bertrand Russel Av, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Bertrand Russel Av, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica Junior
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 80 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Zhou J, Mao L, Xu P, Wang Y. Effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) on Energy Expenditure and Microglia-Mediated Hypothalamic Inflammation in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111681. [PMID: 30400620 PMCID: PMC6266769 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an escalating global epidemic caused by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, has been reported to be conducive to preventing obesity and alleviating obesity-related chronic diseases. However, the role of EGCG in energy metabolism disorders and central nervous system dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of EGCG on brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and neuroinflammation in HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. Mice were randomly divided into four groups with different diets: normal chow diet (NCD), normal chow diet supplemented with 1% EGCG (NCD + EGCG), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with 1% EGCG (HFD + EGCG). Investigations based on a four-week experiment were carried out including the BAT activity, energy consumption, mRNA expression of major inflammatory cytokines in the hypothalamus, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and immunofluorescence staining of microglial marker Iba1 in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC). Experimental results demonstrated that dietary supplementation of EGCG significantly inhibited HFD-induced obesity by enhancing BAT thermogenesis, and attenuated the hypothalamic inflammation and microglia overactivation by regulating the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Limin Mao
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Ping Xu
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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47
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You Y, Li N, Han X, Guo J, Zhao Y, Liu G, Huang W, Zhan J. Influence of different sterilization treatments on the color and anthocyanin contents of mulberry juice during refrigerated storage. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Wu T, Gao Y, Guo X, Zhang M, Gong L. Blackberry and Blueberry Anthocyanin Supplementation Counteract High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and Accelerating Energy Expenditure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4051232. [PMID: 30057677 PMCID: PMC6051031 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4051232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many studies indicate that an anthocyanin-rich diet has beneficial effects preventing metabolic disease. In the present study, the molecular mechanism underlying the antiobesity effect of consuming blackberry anthocyanins (BLA) and blueberry anthocyanins (BBA) was investigated in high-fat-diet- (HFD-) fed C57BL/6 mice. Sixty mice were administered a low-fat diet (LFD), a HFD, or a HFD plus orlistat, and BLA or BBA in their daily food for 12 weeks. As a result, the consumption of BLA and BBA inhibited body weight gain by 40.5% and 55.4%, respectively, in HFD-fed mice. The BLA and BBA treatments markedly reduced serum and hepatic lipid levels and significantly increased hepatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. In addition, the treatments effectively increased fecal acetate and butyrate levels and significantly attenuated expression of tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, interleukin-6, and nuclear factor-kappaB genes. Moreover, gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectroscopy results suggested that BLA and BBA significantly affected the hepatic lipid and glucose metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and the insulin-signaling pathway. Therefore, BLA and BBA ameliorated diet-induced obesity by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation and accelerating energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xueqi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lingxiao Gong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
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Gallotannin derivatives from mango ( Mangifera indica L.) suppress adipogenesis and increase thermogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in part through the AMPK pathway. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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50
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Han X, Guo J, You Y, Yin M, Liang J, Ren C, Zhan J, Huang W. Vanillic acid activates thermogenesis in brown and white adipose tissue. Food Funct 2018; 9:4366-4375. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00978c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins have a positive effect on resistant obesity; however they cannot usually be absorbed directly but, instead, are metabolized by gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jielong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yilin You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Manwen Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Juan Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Chenglong Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
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