1
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Shahedi A, Darban AK, Jamshidi-Zanjani A, Homaee M. An overview of the application of electrocoagulation for mine wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:522. [PMID: 36988769 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11044-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges of the twenty-first century is related to the discharge and disposal of mine effluents and wastewater resulting from mine dewatering, precipitation, and surface runoff in mines, especially acidic effluents that contain a variety of toxic and heavy metals and are the main sources of surface and groundwater pollution. Various physical, chemical, and biological methods have been developed and used to treat mine effluents. All proposed methods have their own disadvantages that make their use challenging. One of the new methods used for wastewater treatment is the electrical coagulation process, which has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years due to its advantages such as simplicity, environmental friendliness, and low cost. The present review focused on the applications of electrocoagulation for mine wastewater treatment as well as metals recovery. In addition, the main mechanisms, advantages, and weaknesses of electrocoagulation were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shahedi
- Department of Mining, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khodadadi Darban
- Department of Mining, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
- Agrohydrology Research Group, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Jamshidi-Zanjani
- Department of Mining, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Agrohydrology Research Group, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Homaee
- Department of Mining, Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Agrohydrology Research Group, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Islam MM, Mohana AA, Rahman MA, Rahman M, Naidu R, Rahman MM. A Comprehensive Review of the Current Progress of Chromium Removal Methods from Aqueous Solution. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11030252. [PMID: 36977017 PMCID: PMC10053122 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) exists in aqueous solution as trivalent (Cr3+) and hexavalent (Cr6+) forms. Cr3+ is an essential trace element while Cr6+ is a dangerous and carcinogenic element, which is of great concern globally due to its extensive applications in various industrial processes such as textiles, manufacturing of inks, dyes, paints, and pigments, electroplating, stainless steel, leather, tanning, and wood preservation, among others. Cr3+ in wastewater can be transformed into Cr6+ when it enters the environment. Therefore, research on Cr remediation from water has attracted much attention recently. A number of methods such as adsorption, electrochemical treatment, physico-chemical methods, biological removal, and membrane filtration have been devised for efficient Cr removal from water. This review comprehensively demonstrated the Cr removal technologies in the literature to date. The advantages and disadvantages of Cr removal methods were also described. Future research directions are suggested and provide the application of adsorbents for Cr removal from waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Monjurul Islam
- Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Anika Amir Mohana
- Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Aminur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Zonal Laboratory, Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE), Jashore 7400, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science & Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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3
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Wang Z, An X, Wang P, Du X, Hao X, Hao X, Ma X. Removal of high concentration of chloride ions by electrocoagulation using aluminium electrode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:50567-50581. [PMID: 36795207 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25792-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater containing a high concentration of chloride ions (Cl- ions) generated in industrial production will corrode equipment and pipelines and cause environmental problems. At present, systematic research on Cl- removal by electrocoagulation is scarce. To study the Cl- removal mechanism, process parameters (current density and plate spacing), and the influence of coexisting ions on the removal of Cl- in electrocoagulation, we use aluminum (Al) as the sacrificial anode, combined with physical characterization and density functional theory (DFT) to study Cl- removal by electrocoagulation. The result showed that the use of electrocoagulation technology to remove Cl- can reduce the concentration of Cl- in an aqueous solution below 250 ppm, meeting the Cl- emission standard. The mechanism of Cl- removal is mainly co-precipitation and electrostatic adsorption by forming chlorine-containing metal hydroxyl complexes. The current density and plate spacing affect the Cl- removal effect and operation cost. As a coexisting cation, magnesium ion (Mg2+) promotes the removal of Cl-, while calcium ion (Ca2+) inhibits it. Fluoride ion (F-), sulfate (SO42-), and nitrate (NO3-) as coexisting anions affect the removal of Cl- ions through competitive reaction. This work provides a theoretical basis for the industrialization of Cl- removal by electrocoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiaowei An
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Peifen Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiao Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiaogang Hao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Hao
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Lab Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Xuli Ma
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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4
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Bani-Melhem K, Al-Kilani MR, Tawalbeh M. Evaluation of scrap metallic waste electrode materials for the application in electrocoagulation treatment of wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136668. [PMID: 36209869 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The constant need for sacrificial electrodes is one of the limitations of applying the EC in wastewater treatment. Accordingly, this study proposes a sustainable alternative in reusing scrap metallic wastes as electrode materials. Four different types of metallic wastes (beverage cans, used aluminum (Al) foil, scrap iron, and scrap mild steel) are proposed as sacrificial electrodes for grey water (GW) treatment using the EC technique. At electrical current densities (CD) ranging between 5 and 20 mA/cm2, the treatment performance was evaluated for a reaction time of 10 min in terms of the removal efficiency of some key parameters such as color, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and electrical conductivity, energy and material consumption, and metal contamination of GW from electrodes. The results demonstrated that using metallic wastes as sacrificial electrodes can achieve a considerable reduction in color, turbidity, COD, and electric conductivity of about 97.2%, 99%, 88%, and 89%, respectively. However, their reuse as electrodes revealed some important concerns. Al foil undergoes quick and substantial perforation and loss of surface area during electrolysis. The scrap iron and scrap mild steel were found to cause metal contamination by increasing Fe ions in the treated GW. Generally, metal scrap wastes can serve effectively as alternative sustainable electrodes. However, further research is recommended regarding the operating costs, which are considered crucial aspects of the EC process in terms of energy consumption and the most efficient method of fabricating the metallic wastes into a form suitable for reuse in the EC technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Bani-Melhem
- Department of Water Management and Environment, Faculty of Prince El-Hassan Bin Talal for Natural Resources and Environment, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Rasool Al-Kilani
- Department of Land, Water and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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5
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Sendão RMS, Esteves da Silva JCG, Pinto da Silva L. Photocatalytic removal of pharmaceutical water pollutants by TiO 2 - Carbon dots nanocomposites: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134731. [PMID: 35489458 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are becoming increasingly more relevant water contaminants, with photocatalysts (such as TiO2) being a promising approach to remove these compounds from water. However, TiO2 has poor sunlight-harvesting capacity, low photonic efficiency, and poor adsorption towards organic pollutants. One of the emerging strategies to enhance the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 is by conjugating it with fluorescent carbon dots. Herein, we performed a critical review of the development of TiO2 - carbon dots nanocomposites for the photocatalytic removal of pharmaceuticals. We found that carbon dots can improve the photocatalytic efficiency of the resulting nanocomposites, mostly due to increasing the adsorption of organic pollutants and enhancing the absorption in the visible range. However, while this approach shows significant promise, we also identified and discussed several aspects that need to be addressed before this strategy could be more widely used. We hope that this review can guide future studies aiming to the development of enhanced photocatalytic TiO2 - carbon dots nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M S Sendão
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim C G Esteves da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Pinto da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
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6
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Produced Water Treatment and Valorization: A Techno-Economical Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15134619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, environmental concerns have urged companies in the energy sector to modify their industrial activities to facilitate greater environmental stewardship. For example, the practice of unconventional oil and gas extraction has drawn the ire of regulators and various environmental groups due to its reliance on millions of barrels of fresh water—which is generally drawn from natural sources and public water supplies—for hydraulic fracturing well stimulation. Additionally, this process generates two substantial waste streams, which are collectively characterized as flowback and produced water. Whereas flowback water is comprised of various chemical additives that are used during hydraulic fracturing; produced water is a complex mixture of microbiota, inorganic and organic constituents derived from the petroliferous strata. This review will discuss the obstacles of managing and treating flowback and produced waters, concentrating on the hardest constituents to remove by current technologies and their effect on the environment if left untreated. Additionally, this work will address the opportunities associated with repurposing produced water for various applications as an alternative to subsurface injection, which has a number of environmental concerns. This review also uses lithium to evaluate the feasibility of extracting valuable metals from produced water using commercially available technologies.
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7
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Afshar Moghaddam M, Seyyedi K. Optimization of the Sunset Yellow dye removal by electrocoagulation using a response surface method. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:206-219. [PMID: 35050877 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, among the various treatment methods, the electrocoagulation process has been used for the treatment of effluents containing various dye pollutants. Sunset Yellow (S.Y.) azo dye is one of the common food colors widely used in various food industries. This study investigated the removal of the dye S.Y. from aqueous media by the electrocoagulation method in an electrochemical reactor using concentric iron electrodes. The experiments were designed using the response surface method (RSM) with the help of Minitab software in such a way that the effect of various process-influencing parameters, such as current density, electrolysis time, electrolyte concentration, pH of the solution, and the effluent flow rate, on the desired pollutant removal efficiency was investigated. According to the results of the process optimization by RSM, the optimal conditions for the process were obtained as follows: pH of 10, current density of 2.65 mA/cm2, electrolysis time of 42.32 min, initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L, and effluent flow rate of 2.5 L/min. Under the above optimal conditions, the efficiency of dye removal was more than 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Afshar Moghaddam
- Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz 5157944533, Iran E-mail:
| | - Kambiz Seyyedi
- Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz 5157944533, Iran E-mail:
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8
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Xu T, Zhou Y, Hu B, Lei X, Yu G. Comparison between sinusoidal AC coagulation and conventional DC coagulation in removing Cu 2+ from printed circuit board wastewater. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110629. [PMID: 32325329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new Electrocoagulation (EC) technique, sinusoidal AC coagulation (SACC), is creatively put forward for Cu2+ removal in the wastewater from the printed circuit board (PCB) production in this paper. The removal efficiency of Cu2+ from PCB wastewater and energy consumption are compared by SACC and conventional direct current coagulation (DCC). The optimal process parameters were established through analysis of response surface methodology (RSM). The coagulations containing Cu2+ was characterized by SEM, EDS, TEM,BET, XRD and FTIR. The nano-ferrum collosol, mainly composed of goethite (α-FeOOH) and magnetite (γ-Fe2O3), absorbs the Cu2+ and coagulates to remove Cu2+. The results show that the removal rates of Cu2+ by SACC and DCC are 99.86% and 98.21%, respectively, and the energy consumption is 2.76 × 10-2 kWh⋅m-3 for SACC and 4.42 × 10-2 kWh⋅m-3 for DCC under the optimal process conditions of c0 (Cu2+) = 41.99 mg⋅dm-3, pH = 7.14, j = 0.293 A⋅m-2, t = 16.7 min. The pilot tests indicate that the SACC technique is feasible in industrial application. Cu2+ removal were completed through electrodeposition of Cu2+ on iron electrode, the deposition of Cu(OH)2 and the adsorption of Cu2+ by ferrum collosol. The adsorption follows the pseudo-second order kinetics model well. The maximum saturated adsorption capacity (qmax) of Cu2+ on ferrum collosol produced by SACC is larger than that by DCC. The adsorption of Cu2+ on the ferrum collosol prepared by SACC and DCC are in accordance with Langmuir's adsorption isotherms. The novel SACC technique is a promising technique for the highly-efficient treatment of Cu2+ from PCB wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yihui Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Bonian Hu
- Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, 421008, China.
| | - Xiping Lei
- Hunan Zihong Ecology Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410082, China; Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Gang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
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9
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El-Ghenymy A, Alsheyab M, Khodary A, Sirés I, Abdel-Wahab A. Corrosion behavior of pure titanium anodes in saline medium and their performance for humic acid removal by electrocoagulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125674. [PMID: 31884228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The corrosion behavior of Ti electrodes and the dependence of their anodic dissolution with the experimental conditions, namely pH, current density (j) and supporting electrolyte nature, have been investigated. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests have been performed. It has been found that pH has a relevant effect on the electrochemical dissolution of Ti. In chloride medium, metal dissolution was partially caused by pitting corrosion and the corrosion potential was shifted to more cathodic values. Conversely, in phosphate medium, corrosion was inhibited by the formation of a compact passive layer of titanium hydroxide/phosphate. Further, the mechanisms of sacrificial Ti anode dissolution during the electrocoagulation process are discussed. The influence of the supporting electrolyte, pH and j on the effectiveness of the electrocoagulation process for humic acid (HA) removal was assessed. Under optimized conditions, total decolorization was achieved in 60 min, eventually attaining 94% total organic carbon (TOC) removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif El-Ghenymy
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mohammad Alsheyab
- Research Expert and Consultant, Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Senior Expert of Environmental Development, Planning and Statistics Authority, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
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10
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Danial R, Sobri S, Abdullah LC, Mobarekeh MN. FTIR, CHNS and XRD analyses define mechanism of glyphosate herbicide removal by electrocoagulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:559-569. [PMID: 31195261 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the performance of glyphosate removal in an electrocoagulation batch with two electrodes formed by the same metal type, consisting of aluminum, iron, steel and copper have been compared. The aim of this study intends to remove glyphosate from an aqueous solution by an electrocoagulation process using metal electrode plates, which involves electrogeneration of metal cations as coagulant agents. The production of metal cations showed an ability to bind together to form aggregates of flocs composed of a combination of glyphosate and metal oxide. Electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes indicated a high percentage removal of glyphosate, 94.25%; followed by iron electrodes, 88.37%; steel electrodes, 62.82%; and copper electrodes, 46.69%. The treated aqueous solution was then analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Percentages of Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur remaining in the treated aqueous solution after the electrocoagulation process have been determined. The treated water and sludge were characterized and the mechanism of the overall process was concluded as an outcome. An X-Ray Diffraction analysis of dried sludge confirmed that new polymeric compounds were formed during the treatment. The sludge composed of new compounds were also verified the removals. This study revealed that an electrocoagulation process using metal electrodes is reliable and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabiatuladawiyah Danial
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Shafreeza Sobri
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Luqman Chuah Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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11
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Adjeroud N, Elabbas S, Merzouk B, Hammoui Y, Felkai-Haddache L, Remini H, Leclerc JP, Madani K. Effect of Opuntia ficus indica mucilage on copper removal from water by electrocoagulation-electroflotation technique. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Xu L, Cao G, Xu X, Liu S, Duan Z, He C, Wang Y, Huang Q. Simultaneous removal of cadmium, zinc and manganese using electrocoagulation: Influence of operating parameters and electrolyte nature. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 204:394-403. [PMID: 28915474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the influence of operating parameters and electrolyte nature on the simultaneous removal of toxic metals (cadmium, zinc and manganese) from synthetic smelting wastewater by batch electrocoagulation was investigated. This wastewater contained high concentrations of anion-cation electrolytes. Results indicated that the efficiency of heavy metals removal can be enhanced by increasing the solution pH and current density. The Fe-Fe electrode combination is more effective than the other combinations (Al-Al, Al-Fe and Fe-Al). The interaction of heavy metal ions showed that the increase of initial Zn2+ concentration adversely affects on Cd2+ removal. In addition, the single chloride system exhibits the optimum removal efficiency on Mn2+. Single sulfate and binary anion systems exert a more positive effect on Cd2+ and Zn2+ removal because of the stronger charge neutralization and destabilization of iron hydroxide flocs. Increases of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions exert a significant negative effect on metal removal. However, the addition of a small amount of sodium chloride into a high sulfate and hardness solution can accelerate the removal of heavy metals. Finally, the sludge samples generated from electrocoagulation were characterized by XRD and SEM-EDS analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longqian Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guangzhu Cao
- Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500 Kunming, China.
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shuli Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhengyang Duan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Changhua He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qihua Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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13
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Xu L, Huang Q, Xu X, Cao G, He C, Wang Y, Yang M. Simultaneous removal of Zn 2+ and Mn 2+ ions from synthetic and real smelting wastewater using electrocoagulation process: Influence of pulse current parameters and anions. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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14
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Al-Qodah Z, Al-Shannag M. Heavy metal ions removal from wastewater using electrocoagulation processes: A comprehensive review. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1373677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Al-Qodah
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Technology Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al-Shannag
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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15
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Garcia-Segura S, Eiband MMS, de Melo JV, Martínez-Huitle CA. Electrocoagulation and advanced electrocoagulation processes: A general review about the fundamentals, emerging applications and its association with other technologies. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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16
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Shi W, Zhu L, Chen Q, Lu J, Pan G, Hu L, Yi Q. Synergy of flocculation and flotation for microalgae harvesting using aluminium electrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 233:127-133. [PMID: 28260663 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are often used as feedstock for renewable biofuel production and as pollutant up-takers for wastewater treatment; however, biomass harvesting still remains a challenge in field applications. In this study, electro-flocculation using aluminium electrolysis was tested as a method to collect Chlorella vulgaris. The electrolysis products were positively charged over a wide pH range below 9.5, which gave them a flocculation potential for negatively charged microalgae. As flocculants were in-situ generated and gradually released, microalgae flocs formed in a snowballing mode, resulting in the compaction of large flocs. When higher current density was applied, microalgae could be harvested more rapidly, although there was a trade-off between a higher energy use and more residual aluminium in the culture medium. Benefits of this flocculation method are twofold: the phosphate decrease in post-harvesting could improve nutrient removal in microalgae based wastewater treatment, while the ammonium increase may favor microalgae recovery for medium recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Shi
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- NIGLAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijingdonglu 73, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Ji Lu
- Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Co., Ltd., Shijichengzhonglu 1, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Gang Pan
- RCEES, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqinglu 18, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Liuming Hu
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qitao Yi
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute, Guangzhoulu 223, Nanjing 210029, China
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17
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Sahu O. Treatment of sugar processing industry effluent up to remittance limits: Suitability of hybrid electrode for electrochemical reactor. MethodsX 2017; 4:172-185. [PMID: 28560180 PMCID: PMC5437737 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar industry is an oldest accommodates industry in the world. It required and discharges a large amount of water for processing. Removal of chemical oxygen demand and color through the electrochemical process including hybrid iron and aluminum electrode was examined for the treatment of cane-based sugar industry wastewater. Most favorable condition at pH 6.5, inter-electrode gap 20 mm, current density 156 A m−2, electrolyte concentration 0.5 M and reaction time 120 min, 90% COD and 93.5% color removal was achieved. The sludge generated after treatment has less organic contain, which can be used as manure in agricultural crops. Overall the electrocoagulation was found to be reliable, efficient and economically fit to treat the sugar industry wastewater. Electrocoagulation method for sugar processing industry wastewater treatment Optimization of operating parameters for maximum efficiency. Physicochemical analysis of sludge and scum. Significance of hydride metal electrode for pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omprakash Sahu
- School of Chemical, Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Ethiopia
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18
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Azimi A, Azari A, Rezakazemi M, Ansarpour M. Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewaters: A Review. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Azimi
- Persian Gulf University; Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering; 7516913817 Bushehr Iran
| | - Ahmad Azari
- Persian Gulf University; Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering; 7516913817 Bushehr Iran
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Shahrood University of Technology; Department of Chemical Engineering; 3619995161 Shahrood Iran
| | - Meisam Ansarpour
- Persian Gulf University; Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering; 7516913817 Bushehr Iran
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19
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Abstract
AbstractThe conventional coagulation technique of textile wastewater treatments is plagued with the issue of low removal rate of pollutants and generation of a large quantity of sludge. Recently, electrocoagulation (EC) technique gained immense attention due to its efficiency. The technique involves dissolution of the sacrificial anodes to provide an active metal hydroxide as a strong coagulant that destabilizes and amasses particles and then removes them by precipitation or adsorption. EC process is influenced by operating parameters such as applied current density, electrodes material and configuration, type of electrical connection, pH and conductivity of the solution, and mixing state. Consequently, this work reviewed the major and minor reactions of EC process with operational parameters, design of EC cell, mass transfer studies and modeling, and industrial wastewater applications. The work also includes comparison of EC technique with conventional coagulation and combinations with other techniques. Special emphasis is on removal of pollutants from textile wastewater. Further, the electrical energy supplies and cost analysis are also discussed. Even though several publications have covered EC process recently, no review work has treated the systematic process design and how to minimize the effect of passivation layer deposited on the surface of the electrodes. EC process with rotating electrodes has been recommended to reduce this phenomenon. The effect of electrodes geometry is considered to enhance the conductivity of the cell and reduce energy consumption. The studies of ionic mass transfer were not implemented before special by limiting current method during the EC process. Moreover, no aforementioned studies used computational fluid dynamics modeling to present the mass transfer inside the EC reactor.
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20
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Removal of Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn Present in Aqueous Solution Using Coupled Electrocoagulation-Phytoremediation Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/7681451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the results of a coupled electrocoagulation-phytoremediation treatment for the reduction of copper, cadmium, lead, and zinc, present in aqueous solution. The electrocoagulation was carried out in a batch reactor using aluminum electrodes in parallel arrangement; the optimal conditions were current density of 8 mA/cm2 and operating time of 180 minutes. For phytoremediation the macrophytes, Typha latifolia L., were used during seven days of treatment. The results indicated that the coupled treatment reduced metal concentrations by 99.2% Cu, 81.3% Cd, and 99.4% Pb, while Zn increased due to the natural concentrations of the plant used.
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21
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Chellam S, Sari MA. Aluminum electrocoagulation as pretreatment during microfiltration of surface water containing NOM: A review of fouling, NOM, DBP, and virus control. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 304:490-501. [PMID: 26619048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrocoagulation (EC) is the intentional corrosion of sacrificial anodes (typically aluminum or iron) by passing electricity to release metal-ion coagulant species and destabilize a wide range of suspended, dissolved, and macromolecular contaminants. It can be integrated ahead of microfiltration (MF) to effectively control turbidity, microorganisms, and disinfection by-products (DBPs) and simultaneously maintain a high MF specific flux. This manuscript summarizes the current knowledge on MF pretreatment by aluminum EC particularly focusing on mechanisms of (i) electrocoagulant dosing, (ii) (bio)colloid destabilization, (iii) fouling reductions, and (iv) enhanced removal of viruses, natural organic matter (NOM), and DBP precursors. Electrolysis efficiently removes hydrophobic NOM, viruses, and siliceous foulants. Aluminum effectively electrocoagulates viruses by physically encapsulating them in flocs, neutralizing their surface charge and reducing electrostatic repulsion, and increasing hydrophobic interactions between any sorbed NOM and free viruses. New results included herein demonstrate that EC achieves DBP control by removing NOM, reducing chlorine-reactivity of remaining NOM, and inducing a slight shift toward more brominated trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. EC reduces MF fouling by forming large flocs that tend to deposit on the membrane surface, i.e. decrease pore penetration and forming more permeable cakes and by reducing foulant mass in case of significant floc-flotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankararaman Chellam
- Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, United States.
| | - Mutiara Ayu Sari
- Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136, United States
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22
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Gatsios E, Hahladakis JN, Gidarakos E. Optimization of electrocoagulation (EC) process for the purification of a real industrial wastewater from toxic metals. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 154:117-127. [PMID: 25721979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the efficiency evaluation of electrocoagulation (EC) in removing toxic metals from a real industrial wastewater, collected from Aspropyrgos, Athens, Greece was investigated. Manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) at respective concentrations of 5 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L were present in the wastewater (pH=6), originated from the wastes produced by EBO-PYRKAL munitions industry and Hellenic Petroleum Elefsis Refineries. The effect of operational parameters such as electrode combination and distance, applied current, initial pH and initial metal concentration, was studied. The results indicated that Cu and Zn were totally removed in all experiments, while Mn exhibited equally high removal percentages (approximately 90%). Decreasing the initial pH and increasing the distance between electrodes, resulted in a negative effect on the efficiency and energy consumption of the process. On the other hand, increasing the applied current, favored metal removal but resulted in a power consumption increase. Different initial concentrations did not affect metal removal efficiency. The optimal results, regarding both cost and EC efficiency, were obtained with a combination of iron electrodes, at 2 cm distance, at initial current of 0.1 A and pH=6. After 90 min of treatment, maximum removal percentages obtained were 89% for Mn, 100% for Cu and 100% for Zn, at an energy consumption of 2.55 kWh/m(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Gatsios
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Politechnioupolis, Chania 73100, Greece.
| | - John N Hahladakis
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Politechnioupolis, Chania 73100, Greece.
| | - Evangelos Gidarakos
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Politechnioupolis, Chania 73100, Greece.
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23
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Staicu LC, van Hullebusch ED, Lens PNL, Pilon-Smits EAH, Oturan MA. Electrocoagulation of colloidal biogenic selenium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:3127-37. [PMID: 25233921 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3592-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal elemental selenium (Se(0)) adversely affects membrane separation processes and aquatic ecosystems. As a solution to this problem, we investigated for the first time the removal potential of Se(0) by electrocoagulation process. Colloidal Se(0) was produced by a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens and showed limited gravitational settling. Therefore, iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) sacrificial electrodes were used in a batch reactor under galvanostatic conditions. The best Se(0) turbidity removal (97 %) was achieved using iron electrodes at 200 mA. Aluminum electrodes removed 96 % of colloidal Se(0) only at a higher current intensity (300 mA). At the best Se(0) removal efficiency, electrocoagulation using Fe electrode removed 93 % of the Se concentration, whereas with Al electrodes the Se removal efficiency reached only 54 %. Due to the less compact nature of the Al flocs, the Se-Al sediment was three times more voluminous than the Se-Fe sediment. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test showed that the Fe-Se sediment released Se below the regulatory level (1 mg L(-1)), whereas the Se concentration leached from the Al-Se sediment exceeded the limit by about 20 times. This might be related to the mineralogical nature of the sediments. Electron scanning micrographs showed Fe-Se sediments with a reticular structure, whereas the Al-Se sediments lacked an organized structure. Overall, the results obtained showed that the use of Fe electrodes as soluble anode in electrocoagulation constitutes a better option than Al electrodes for the electrochemical sedimentation of colloidal Se(0).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucian C Staicu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands
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24
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Sahu O, Mazumdar B, Chaudhari PK. Treatment of wastewater by electrocoagulation: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:2397-413. [PMID: 24243160 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The electrocoagulation (EC) process is an electrochemical means of introducing coagulants and removing suspended solids, colloidal material, and metals, as well as other dissolved solids from water and wastewaters. The EC process has been successfully employed in removing pollutants, pesticides, and radionuclides. This process also removes harmful microorganisms. More often during EC operation, direct current is applied and electrode plates are sacrificed (dissolved into solution). The dissolution causes an increased metal concentration in the solution that finally precipitates as oxide precipitates. Due to improved process design and material of construction, the EC process is being widely accepted over other physicochemical processes. Presently, this process has gained attention due to its ability to treat large volume and for its low cost. The aim of this study is to review the mechanism, affecting factors, process, and application of the electrocoagulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omprakash Sahu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Raipur (C.G.), Raipur, India,
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25
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EL-ASHTOUKHY ESZ, FOUAD YO. Oil Removal from Oil-Water Emulsion by Electrocoagulation in a Cell with Rotating Cylinder Anode. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.82.974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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27
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Khandegar V, Saroha AK. Electrocoagulation for the treatment of textile industry effluent--a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 128:949-63. [PMID: 23892280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Various techniques such as physical, chemical, biological, advanced oxidation and electrochemical are used for the treatment of industrial effluent. The commonly used conventional biological treatment processes are time consuming, need large operational area and are not effective for effluent containing toxic elements. Advanced oxidation techniques result in high treatment cost and are generally used to obtain high purity grade water. The chemical coagulation technique is slow and generates large amount of sludge. Electrocoagulation has recently attracted attention as a potential technique for treating industrial effluent due to its versatility and environmental compatibility. This technique uses direct current source between metal electrodes immersed in the effluent, which causes the dissolution of electrode plates into the effluent. The metal ions, at an appropriate pH, can form wide range of coagulated species and metal hydroxides that destabilize and aggregate particles or precipitate and adsorb the dissolved contaminants. Therefore, the objective of the present manuscript is to review the potential of electrocoagulation for the treatment of industrial effluents, mainly removal of dyes from textile effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Khandegar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, India
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28
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Removal of copper, zinc and nickel present in natural water containing Ca2+ and ions by electrocoagulation. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Al Aji B, Yavuz Y, Koparal AS. Electrocoagulation of heavy metals containing model wastewater using monopolar iron electrodes. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Mansouri K, Hannachi A, Abdel-Wahab A, Bensalah N. Electrochemically Dissolved Aluminum Coagulants for the Removal of Natural Organic Matter from Synthetic and Real Industrial Wastewaters. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie202188m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Mansouri
- Department of Chemical
Engineering,
National School of Engineering of Gabes, University of Gabes, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Hannachi
- Department of Chemical
Engineering,
National School of Engineering of Gabes, University of Gabes, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nasr Bensalah
- Department of Chemical
Engineering,
National School of Engineering of Gabes, University of Gabes, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
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31
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Mansouri K, Ibrik K, Bensalah N, Abdel-Wahab A. Anodic Dissolution of Pure Aluminum during Electrocoagulation Process: Influence of Supporting Electrolyte, Initial pH, and Current Density. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie201206d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Mansouri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Cite Erriadh, Zrig 6072, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Karim Ibrik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nasr Bensalah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Cite Erriadh, Zrig 6072, Gabes, Tunisia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
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