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Martone D, Vigh-Larsen JF, Vitucci D, Larsen MN, Randers MB, Olesen JL, Mohr M, Mancini A, Krustrup P, Buono P. Potential Effects of Lifelong Team Handball and Football Training and Nutritional Habits on Bone Health and Body Composition in Elderly Women. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:159. [PMID: 39311267 PMCID: PMC11417710 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9030159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lifelong team handball/football training on regional bone health and body composition in elderly women. METHODS Seventeen elderly women team handball/football players (65.9 ± 5.7 years) and twenty-one untrained age-matched women (controls) (67.7 ± 5.1 years) participated. Whole-body and regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of arms, legs, and lower spine (L1-L4) were performed. RESULTS We observed 8% and 9% higher bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), respectively, at the whole-body level and in the legs and 11.5% higher BMC in the legs in team handball/football players compared to untrained age-matched controls (p < 0.05). Higher total and leg lean body mass (p < 0.05), along with lower total body fat percentage (p < 0.05) and higher T- and Z-scores, markers of fragility risk fracture (0.294 ± 1.461 vs. -0.538 ± 1.031; 1.447 ± 1.278 vs. 0.724 ± 0.823, respectively), were also found in team handball/football players compared to controls (p < 0.05). No significant differences in nutritional habits were observed between groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggest that the beneficial effects of lifetime handball/football practice on bone preservation in elderly women occur independently from nutritional intake, which emphasize the potential role of team sports in osteoporosis prevention. Future studies should focus on the cofounding factors and causative mechanisms mediated by team sport practice in osteoporosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Martone
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity and Sports Sciences, University Parthenope, 80035 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.)
| | - Jeppe Foged Vigh-Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.F.V.-L.); (M.N.L.); (M.B.R.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Daniela Vitucci
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medical, Human Movement and Well-Being Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Malte Nejst Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.F.V.-L.); (M.N.L.); (M.B.R.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Morten Bredsgaard Randers
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.F.V.-L.); (M.N.L.); (M.B.R.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | | | - Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.F.V.-L.); (M.N.L.); (M.B.R.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
- Centre of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Faroe Islands, FO-100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Annamaria Mancini
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medical, Human Movement and Well-Being Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.F.V.-L.); (M.N.L.); (M.B.R.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medical, Human Movement and Well-Being Sciences, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy
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Stables R, Anderson L, Sale C, Hannon MP, Dunn R, Tang JCY, Fraser WD, Costello NB, Close GL, Morton JP. Training with reduced carbohydrate availability affects markers of bone resorption and formation in male academy soccer players from the English Premier League. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05574-4. [PMID: 39154306 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that training with reduced carbohydrate (CHO) availability increases bone resorption in adolescent soccer players. METHODS In a randomised crossover design, ten male players (age: 17.4 ± 0.8 years) from an English Premier League academy completed an acute 90-min field-based training session (occurring between 10:30-12:00) in conditions of high (TRAIN HIGH; 1.5 g.kg-1, 60 g, 1.5 g.kg-1 and 1.5 g.kg-1 consumed at 08:00, during training, 12:30 and 13:30, respectively) or low CHO availability (TRAIN LOW; 0 g.kg-1). Participants also completed a non-exercise trial (REST) under identical dietary conditions to TRAIN LOW. Venous blood samples were obtained at 08:30, 10:30, 12:30 and 14:30 for assessment of bone resorption (βCTX), bone formation (PINP) and calcium metabolism (PTH and ACa). RESULTS External training load did not differ (all P > 0.05) between TRAIN HIGH and TRAIN LOW, as evident for total distance (5.6 ± 0.8; 5.5 ± 0.1 km), average speed (81 ± 9; 85 ± 12 m.min-1) and high-speed running (350 ± 239; 270 ± 89 m). Area under the curve for both βCTX and PINP was significantly greater (P < 0.01 and P = 0.03) in TRAIN LOW versus TRAIN HIGH, whilst no differences in PTH or ACa (P = 0.11 and P = 0.89) were observed between all three trials. CONCLUSION CHO restriction before, during and after an acute soccer training session increased bone (re)modelling markers in academy players. Despite acute anabolic effects of bone formation, the long-term consequence of bone resorption may impair skeletal development and increase injury risk during growth and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben Stables
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Liam Anderson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Craig Sale
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Institute of Sport, 99 Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Marcus P Hannon
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Rachel Dunn
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK
| | - Jonathan C Y Tang
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK
| | - William D Fraser
- Bioanalytical Facility, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK
| | - Nessan B Costello
- Carnegie Faculty, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
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Tao L, Wang J, Wang K, Liu Q, Li H, Xu S, Gu C, Zhu Y. Exerkine FNDC5/irisin-enriched exosomes promote proliferation and inhibit ferroptosis of osteoblasts through interaction with Caveolin-1. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14181. [PMID: 38689463 PMCID: PMC11320359 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a prevalent metabolic bone disorder characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microstructure. Despite the high prevalence of this disease, no effective treatment for osteoporosis has been developed. Exercise has long been considered a potent anabolic factor that promotes bone mass via upregulation of myokines secreted by skeletal muscle, exerting long-term osteoprotective effects and few side effects. Irisin was recently identified as a novel myokine that is significantly upregulated by exercise and could increase bone mass. However, the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced muscle-bone crosstalk remain unclear. Here, we identified that polyunsaturated fatty acids (arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) are increased in skeletal muscles following a 10-week treadmill exercise programme, which then promotes the expression and release of FNDC5/irisin. In osteoblasts, irisin binds directly to Cav1, which recruits and interacts with AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) to activate the AMPK pathway. Nrf2 is the downstream target of the AMPK pathway and increases the transcription of HMOX1 and Fpn. HMOX1 is involved in regulating the cell cycle and promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts. Moreover, upregulation of Fpn in osteoblasts enhanced iron removal, thereby suppressing ferroptosis in osteoblasts. Additionally, we confirmed that myotube-derived exosomes are involved in the transportation of irisin and enter osteoblasts through caveolae-mediated endocytosis. In conclusion, our findings highlight the crucial role of irisin, present in myotube-derived exosomes, as a crucial regulator of exercise-induced protective effects on bone, which provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying exercise-dependent treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tao
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qichang Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Hongyang Li
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Site Xu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Chunjian Gu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of OrthopedicsFirst Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
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Zouhal H, Berro AJ, Maliha E, Khalil N, El Khoury G, Jayavel A, Laziri F, Saeidi A, Laher I, El Hage R. Team sports practice and bone health: A systematic review and meta- analysis. J Clin Densitom 2024; 27:101508. [PMID: 39068702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2024.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to explore the effects of team sports practice on bone health indices in adults engaged in team sports. The secondary aim was to investigate the osteogenic effects of each type of team sport. This systematic literature search was conducted using common electronic databases from inception in June 2023, using key terms (and synonyms searched for by the MeSH database) that were combined using the operators "AND", "OR", "NOT": (``men'' OR ``man'' OR ``women'' OR ``woman'') AND (``bone mineral density'' OR ``BMD'' OR ``bone mineral content'' OR ``BMC'' OR ``peak bone mass'' OR ``mechanical loading'' OR ``osteoporosis'' OR ``bone geometry'' OR ``bone resistance'') AND (``team sport'' OR ``sport'' OR rugby OR basketball OR volleyball OR handball OR soccer OR football OR ``players''). After screening, 16 studies were included in the final analysis (5 continents, 2740 participants). The training duration lasted 1 to 13 years. Team sport training had a moderate impact on whole body bone mineral density (WB BMD) (1.07 SMD; 95 % [0.77, 1.37], p < 0.00) but a more significant impact on whole body bone mineral content (WB BMC) (1.3 SMD; 95 % [0.81, 1.79], p < 0.00). Subgroup analyses indicated that rugby training had a moderate but non-significant impact on WB BMD (1.19 SMD; 95 % [-0.13, 2.52], p = 0.08) but a greater impact on WB BMC (2.12 SMD; 95 % [0.84, 3.39], p < 0.00); basketball training had a moderate but significant impact on WB BMD (1 SMD; 95 % [0.35, 1.64], p < 0.00) and a trivial non-significant impact on WB BMC (0.18 SMD; 95 % [-1.09, 1.46], p = 0.78); volleyball training had a moderate but non-significant impact on WB BMD (0.63 SMD; 95 % [-0.22, 1.49], p = 0.15) and a significant impact on WB BMC (2.39 SMD; 95 % [1.45, 3.33], p < 0.00). Handball training produced a moderate significant impact on WB BMD (1.02 SMD; 95 % [0.33, 1.71], p < 0.00) and WB BMC (0.97 SMD; 95 % [0.47, 1.48], p < 0.00), and soccer training led to moderate but significant effects on WB BMD (1.16 SMD; 95 % [0.88, 1.44], p < 0.00) and a large effect on WB BMC (1.34 SMD; 95 % [0.92, 1.77], p < 0.00). Rugby training was associated with a higher WB BMC compared to basketball training (p = 0.03). Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that team sports, such as rugby, basketball, volleyball, handball and soccer have moderate to large effects on WB BMD and WB BMC. Specifically, our findings indicate that handball and soccer enhance WB BMD and WB BMC, whereas rugby only increases WB BMC. There is currently insufficient evidence indicating the superiority of any type of sport training that improves bone health in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassane Zouhal
- University of Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, F-35000 Rennes, France; Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), 35850 Irodouer, France
| | - Abdel-Jalil Berro
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, PO Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Elie Maliha
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, PO Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Nour Khalil
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, PO Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Gisèle El Khoury
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, PO Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ayyappan Jayavel
- SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, India
| | - Fatiha Laziri
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Environnement et Santé Equipe Santé Humaine et Environnement Faculté des Sciences de Université Moulay Ismail, Meknès, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rawad El Hage
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, PO Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon.
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Sakamoto K, Miyamori T, Someya Y, Nagao M, Ishihara Y, Kobayashi Y, Shimasaki Y, Imai J, Ono T, Ikeda H, Tashima K, Yoshimura M. Vitamin D levels and bone mineral density of middle-aged premenopausal female football and volleyball players in Japan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:147. [PMID: 38956731 PMCID: PMC11221148 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00938-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of football teams in senior categories has increased. As outdoor sports entail players being exposed to sunlight, playing football may contribute to maintaining vitamin D stores and body mineral density while preventing osteoporosis. This study aimed to determine the bone mineral density and vitamin D levels in middle-aged premenopausal female football players. METHODS Participants were premenopausal females in their 40s. We evaluated bone mineral density of the second to the fourth lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) levels, which is an indicator of vitamin D stores, and body composition. In addition, we administered a questionnaire survey on exercise habits and lifestyle. Ninety-two participants were categorised into three groups: the football group (n = 27), volleyball group (n = 40), and non-exercise group (n = 25). RESULTS Bone mineral density was higher in the football and volleyball groups than in the non-exercise group (P < 0.01). The volleyball group had a significantly higher bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck than the non-exercise group (P < 0.01). The football group had a significantly higher bone mineral density of the femoral neck than the non-exercise group (P < 0.01). Although the football group had played fewer years than the volleyball group (P < 0.01), serum 25-OHD levels were the highest in the football group and were significantly higher than those in the volleyball and non-exercise groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Middle-aged premenopausal football players had higher body vitamin D levels and bone mineral densities than non-active females. These results suggest that playing football may contribute to the prevention of osteoporosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000054235. 2024/04/23. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyamori
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Graduate School of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yuki Someya
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masashi Nagao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical Technology Innovation Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ishihara
- School of Science and Technology for Future Life, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yu Shimasaki
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junko Imai
- Japan Football Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Football Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masafumi Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
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Martone D, Vitucci D, Mancini A, Ermidis G, Panduro J, Cosco LF, Randers MB, Larsen MN, Mohr M, Buono P, Krustrup P. Bone Health, Body Composition and Physiological Demands in 70-85-Year-Old Lifelong Male Football Players. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:205. [PMID: 37888532 PMCID: PMC10610943 DOI: 10.3390/sports11100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of lifelong football training on bone health, body composition and physiological demands were evaluated. A total of 20 veteran football players (VPG; 73.4 ± 3.7 years) and 18 untrained age-matched men (CG; 75.6 ± 4.2 years) were enrolled. Whole-body and regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of arms, legs, proximal femur and lower spine (L1-L4) were recorded in all participants. We observerd higher bone mineral density (BMD) in the whole-body, arms and femoral regions and higher bone mineral content (BMC) in the legs and lower spine compared to the CG (p < 0.05), also higher total lean body mass (p < 0.05) and lower total body fat percentage (p < 0.05), were found. No differences in food habits were evidenced between the VPG and the CG, as evaluated using 3-day food records. Resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure (BP) and activity profile during a football match were recorded using a global positioning system only in the VPG. The mean heart rate (HR)of theoretical maximal HR (ThHRmax), and peak of ThHRmax were 83.9 ± 8.6% and 98.6 ± 10.2%, respectively; the mean of total distance covered was 3666 ± 721 m, and the means of accelerations and decelerations were 419 ± 61 and 428 ± 65, respectively. Lifelong participation in football training improves regional BMD and BMC in legs, femur and lumbar spine compared to the CG. A high number of intense actions in term of HR and accelerations and decelerations suggests an elevated energy expenditure that in turn correlates to the healthier body composition observed in the VPG compared to the CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Martone
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity and Sports Sciences, University Parthenope, 80035 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.); (G.E.); (P.B.)
| | - Daniela Vitucci
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.); (G.E.); (P.B.)
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Annamaria Mancini
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.); (G.E.); (P.B.)
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Georgios Ermidis
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.); (G.E.); (P.B.)
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.P.); (M.B.R.); (M.N.L.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Jeppe Panduro
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.P.); (M.B.R.); (M.N.L.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | | | - Morten Bredsgaard Randers
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.P.); (M.B.R.); (M.N.L.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Malte Nejst Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.P.); (M.B.R.); (M.N.L.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.P.); (M.B.R.); (M.N.L.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
- Centre of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Faroe Islands, FO-100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore S.c.a.r.l, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.V.); (A.M.); (G.E.); (P.B.)
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.P.); (M.B.R.); (M.N.L.); (M.M.); (P.K.)
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Gao H, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Wang Z, Yan K, Gao B, Zhang L. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Multiple Exercise-Regulated Bone Homeostasis. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1555-1582. [PMID: 37196112 PMCID: PMC10529750 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a tissue that is active throughout the lifespan, and its physiological activities, such as growth, development, absorption, and formation, are always ongoing. All types of stimulation that occur in sports play an important role in regulating the physiological activities of bone. Here, we track the latest research progress locally and abroad, summarize the recent, relevant research results, and systematically summarize the effects of different types of exercise on bone mass, bone strength and bone metabolism. We found that different types of exercise have different effects on bone health due to their unique technical characteristics. Oxidative stress is an important mechanism mediating the exercise regulation of bone homeostasis. Excessive high-intensity exercise does not benefit bone health but induces a high level of oxidative stress in the body, which has a negative impact on bone tissue. Regular moderate exercise can improve the body's antioxidant defense ability, inhibit an excessive oxidative stress response, promote the positive balance of bone metabolism, delay age-related bone loss and deterioration of bone microstructures and have a prevention and treatment effect on osteoporosis caused by many factors. Based on the above findings, we provide evidence for the role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of bone diseases. This study provides a systematic basis for clinicians and professionals to reasonably formulate exercise prescriptions and provides exercise guidance for patients and the general public. This study also provides a reference for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Gao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilong Zhao
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhikun Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Yan
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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8
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Dengel DR, Evanoff NG. Positional Differences in Muscle-to-bone Ratio in National Football League Players. Int J Sports Med 2023; 44:720-727. [PMID: 37160263 DOI: 10.1055/a-2089-8068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the muscle-to-bone ratio (MBR) in National Football League (NFL) players. Three hundred and forty-six NFL players had their total body lean, fat and bone masses determined using dual X-ray absorptiometry and were compared to 228 age-matched, healthy male controls. Compared to the control group, NFL players had a significantly lower percent total body fat (17.90±6.92 vs. 22.93±8.96%, p=0.053), but significantly greater total fat mass (19.76±11.29 vs. 17.84±12.11 kg, p<0.0001), lean mass (84.55±8.75 vs. 55.3±11.79 kg, p<0.0001), bone mineral content (4.58±0.45 vs. 2.91±0.67 kg, p<0.0001), and bone mineral density (1.61±0.11 vs. 1.26±0.21 g/cm2, p<0.0001). NFL players had greater arm MBR (17.70±1.47 vs. 16.48±1.88, p<0.0001) than controls; however, both trunk (26.62±2.55 vs. 31.56±4.19, p<0.0001) and total (18.50±1.31 vs. 19.12±1.88, p<0.001) MBR were lower in NFL players. Leg MBR was not significantly different between NFL players and controls (16.72±1.53 vs. 16.85±1.87, p=0.34). When NFL players were categorized by their offensive or defensive position for comparison, no differences in total MBR were observed. However, leg MBR varied greatly among NFL players by position. It is possible that regional differences in MBR in the NFL players may be related to the demands of that position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R Dengel
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Nicholas G Evanoff
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, United States
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9
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Mohr M, Fatouros IG, Asghar M, Buono P, Nassis GP, Krustrup P. Football training as a non-pharmacological treatment of the global aging population-A topical review. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1146058. [PMID: 36844000 PMCID: PMC9947510 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1146058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present topical mini-review, the beneficial impact of small-sided game football training for the increasing elderly global population is presented. As a multicomponent type of physical activity, football training executed on small pitched with 4-6 players in each team is targeting a myriad of physiological systems and causes positive adaptations of relevance for several non-communicable diseases, of which the incidence increases with advancing age. There is strong scientific evidence that this type of football training promotes cardiovascular, metabolic and musculo-skeletal health in elderly individuals. These positive adaptations can prevent cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, sarcopenia and osteoporosis, and lower the risk of falls. Also, football training has been proven an efficient part of the treatment of several patient groups including men with prostate cancer and women after breast cancer. Finally, regular football training has an anti-inflammatory effect and may slow the biological aging. Overall, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that recreational football training can promote health in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands,*Correspondence: Magni Mohr,
| | - Ioannis G. Fatouros
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Pasqualina Buono
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellness, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy,CEINGE-Biotecnologie avanzate Francesco Salvatore, Napoli, Italy
| | - George P. Nassis
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Department of Physical Education, College of Education, United Arab Emirates, University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Jówko E, Długołęcka B, Cieśliński I, Kotowska J. Polymorphisms in Genes Encoding VDR, CALCR and Antioxidant Enzymes as Predictors of Bone Tissue Condition in Young, Healthy Men. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043373. [PMID: 36834780 PMCID: PMC9964706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess significant predictors of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of young, healthy men at the time of reaching peak bone mass. Regression analyses showed that age, BMI and practicing combat sports and team sports at a competitive level (trained vs. untrained group; TR vs. CON, respectively) were positive predictors of BMD/BMC values at various skeletal sites. In addition, genetic polymorphisms were among the predictors. In the whole population studied, at almost all measured skeletal sites, the SOD2 AG genotype proved to be a negative predictor of BMC, while the VDR FokI GG genotype was a negative predictor of BMD. In contrast, the CALCR AG genotype was a positive predictor of arm BMD. ANOVA analyses showed that, regarding SOD2 polymorphism, the TR group was responsible for the significant intergenotypic differences in BMC that were observed in the whole study population (i.e., lower BMC values of leg, trunk and whole body were observed in AG TR compared to AA TR). On the other hand, higher BMC at L1-L4 was observed in the SOD2 GG genotype of the TR group compared to in the same genotype of the CON group. For the FokI polymorphism, BMD at L1-L4 was higher in AG TR than in AG CON. In turn, the CALCR AA genotype in the TR group had higher arm BMD compared to the same genotype in the CON group. In conclusion, SOD2, VDR FokI and CALCR polymorphisms seem to affect the association of BMC/BMD values with training status. In general, at least within the VDR FokI and CALCR polymorphisms, less favorable genotypes in terms of BMD (i.e., FokI AG and CALCR AA) appear to be associated with a greater BMD response to sports training. This suggests that, in healthy men during the period of bone mass formation, sports training (combat and team sports) may attenuate the negative impact of genetic factors on bone tissue condition, possibly reducing the risk of osteoporosis in later age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jówko
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-608-074-393
| | - Barbara Długołęcka
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Igor Cieśliński
- Department of Sports and Training Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Kotowska
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Recreational Football and Bone Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2022; 52:3021-3037. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Varley I, Ward M, Thorpe C, Beardsley N, Greeves J, Sale C, Saward C. Modelling Changes in Bone and Body Composition Over a Season in Elite Male Footballers. Int J Sports Med 2022; 43:729-739. [PMID: 35523202 DOI: 10.1055/a-1810-6774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the change in bone and body composition characteristics of elite football players and recreationally active control participants across the course of a season. Fortysix participants (20 footballers and 26 recreationally active controls) were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography for a range of bone and body composition characteristics at four points over the course of a competitive season. Multilevel modelling was used to examine changes. Footballers had higher characteristics than controls for 24 out of 29 dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography variables (all p<0.05). However, there was also significant random inter-individual variation in baseline values for all variables, for both footballers and controls (p < 0.05). Wholebody bone mineral density, leg and whole-body bone mineral content, tibial bone mass and area (38%) increased across the season in footballers (p < 0.05), and there was significant random inter-individual variation in the rate of increase of leg and whole-body bone mineral content (p<0.05). Whole-body bone mineral density, leg and whole-body bone mineral content, tibial bone mass and area (38%) increased over the course of the season in elite football players. The modelling information on expected changes in bone characteristics provides practitioners with a method of identifying those with abnormal bone response to football training and match-play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Varley
- Department of Sport Science, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Marcus Ward
- Department of Sport Science, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chris Thorpe
- Al Duhail Sports Club, Al Duhail Sports Club, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nathan Beardsley
- England Rugby, England Rugby, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Julie Greeves
- Army Health and Performance Research, Army Headquarters, Andover, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Craig Sale
- Department of Sport Science, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chris Saward
- Department of Sport Science, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Mohr M, Sjúrðarson T, Leifsson EN, Randers MB, Knudsen NS, Thomasen MMD, Panduro J, Larsen MN, Andersen TB, Krustrup P. The Faroe Islands COVID-19 Recreational Football Study: Player-to-Player Distance, Body-to-Body Contact, Body-to-Ball Contact and Exercise Intensity during Various Types of Football Training for Both Genders and Various Age Groups. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6822385. [PMID: 35309166 PMCID: PMC8931175 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6822385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We determined player-to-player distance, body-to-ball contact, and exercise intensity during three training modalities in various football populations. 213 participants were recruited, ranging from 9-year-old boys to young men and 11-year-old girls to middle-aged women. All groups were analysed with video-filming and GPS-based Polar Pro monitors during three types of football training for 20 min, i.e., COVID-19-modified training (CMT) with >2-metre player-to-player distance, small-sided games (SSG), and simulated match-play with normal rules (SMP), in randomised order. Time spent in a danger zone (1.5 m) per-percent-infected-player (DZ PPIP) ranged from 0.015 to 0.279% of playing time. DZ PPIP for SSG was higher (P < 0.05) than CMT and SMP. The average number of contacts (within 1.5 m) with a potentially infected player ranged from 12 to 73 contacts/hour. SSG had more (P < 0.05) contacts than CMT and SMP, with SMP having a higher (P < 0.05) number of contacts than CMT. Time/contact ranged from 0.87 to 3.00 seconds for the groups. No player-to-player and body-to-ball touches were registered for CMT. Total player-to-player contacts were 264% higher (P < 0.05) in SSG than SMP, ranging from 80 to 170 and 25 to 56 touches, respectively. In all groups, a greater total distance was covered during SMP compared to CMT (38-114%; P < 0.05). All groups performed more high-intensity running (33-54%; P < 0.05) and had higher heart rates during SMP compared to CMT. Different types of football training all appear to exert a minor COVID-19 infection risk; however, COVID-19-modified training may be safer than small-sided game training, but also match-play. In contrast, exercise intensity is lower during COVID-19-modified training than match-play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Tórur Sjúrðarson
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Eli N. Leifsson
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Morten B. Randers
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- School of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Nikolas Sten Knudsen
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jeppe Panduro
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Malte Nejst Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bull Andersen
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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14
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Wang J, Yi P, Huang Y, Yu Q, Mei Y, Chen J, Feng Y, Zhang X. Quantitative evaluation of bone marrow fat content and unsaturated fatty index in young male soccer players using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1H-MRS): a preliminary study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:4275-4286. [PMID: 34603983 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Marrow fat exists as a distinct adipose tissue and plays a critical role in affecting both the quantity and quality of bone. However, the effect of soccer training on marrow fat has been rarely reported. This study aims to evaluate and characterize the marrow fat content and composition in different bone areas of soccer players and age-matched healthy subjects using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Methods Between May 2020 and June 2020, 20 professional soccer players (20.7±0.9 years) and 20 age-matched healthy subjects (21.2±0.8 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The 1H-MRS were acquired from the 3rd lumbar vertebrae, bilateral femoral necks, and distal tibias of all subjects using a single-voxel point-resolved spatially localized spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence. Four soccer players underwent a second magnetic resonance (MR) examination within a 30-minute interval after the initial scan to evaluate test-retest reproducibility. Inter- and intra-observer measurement reliabilities were assessed using 10 randomly selected spectra from the soccer players group. All spectra were processed using the jMRUI software package (http://www.jmrui.eu/). Quantified water and lipid signals were used to calculate fat content (FC) and the unsaturated fatty index (UI). Results Compared with healthy subjects, we found that soccer players had a lower FC in L3 and bilateral femoral necks and higher UI in the left femoral neck (P<0.05). All FC and UI values of the bilateral distal tibias showed no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). The UI values of the right femoral neck or distal tibia were markedly higher than the left side in both inactive subjects and soccer players (P<0.05, except for the femoral neck in players), and there were notable ΔUI differences in the lower limbs between the soccer players and the healthy subjects (P<0.05). Conclusions Soccer practice can be considered a positive sport that contributes to decreasing FC in lumbar vertebrae and femoral necks and increasing the UI in femoral necks. Quantitative MRS provides an ideal modality to predict marrow fat metabolism caused by mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiwei Yi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaobin Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Mei
- China International Center, Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialing Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqiu Feng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, China
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Hagman M, Helge EW, Fristrup B, Jørgensen NR, Helge JW, Krustrup P. High bone mineral density in lifelong trained female team handball players and young elite football players. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2825-2836. [PMID: 34170397 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures are a major concern in the female population and preventative strategies are needed. Whether team sports participation may reduce age-related bone loss in elderly women is still uncertain. METHODS One hundred and thirty healthy, non-smoking women participated in this cross-sectional study, i.e., elderly (60-80 years) team handball players (EH, n = 35), elderly untrained controls (EC, n = 35), young (18-30 years) elite football players (YF, n = 30) and young untrained controls (YC, n = 30). A whole-body and two regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were performed to evaluate BMD and a blood sample was collected for measurement of bone turnover markers (BTMs). RESULTS EH had higher BMD in all regions of the lumbar spine, except for L1, compared to EC (8-10%), and higher BMD in the femoral Ward's triangle (9%) and trochanter (7%) of the left leg. Furthermore, EH had higher mean leg BMD (8%) and whole-body BMD (5%) than EC. EH and YC had similar BMD in femoral trochanter, L1-L4 and mean leg despite an age difference of ~ 40 years. YF had higher BMD in all regions of the proximal femur (18-29%) and lumbar spine (12-16%) compared to YC, as well as higher mean leg BMD (20%) and whole-body BMD (13%). Sclerostin was 14% lower in EH compared to EC. YF showed higher PINP (98%), osteocalcin (57%), and CTX (83%) compared to YC. CONCLUSION Lifelong team handball training and elite football training are associated with superior bone mineralization and changed bone turnover in elderly and young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hagman
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, M-5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, M-5230, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jørn Wulff Helge
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, M-5230, Odense, Denmark.
- Sport and Health Sciences, St Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 6JA, UK.
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Hughes JM, Dickin DC, Wang H. Soccer participation is associated with benefits in tibial bone cross-sectional geometry and strength in young women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:969-973. [PMID: 34498820 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soccer has been hypothesized to be an ideal sport to stimulate favorable changes in bone properties due the high-intensity, multidirectional movements performed during play. The purpose of this study was to determine if participation in soccer is associated with enhanced bone properties such as volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), cross-sectional geometry, and estimated strength in the tibias of young, healthy women. METHODS Twenty female soccer players (20±1 yr) and twenty mass- and height-matched healthy women (21±1 yr) participated in this cross-sectional study. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (XCT 3000; Stratec Medizintechnik, Pforzheim, Germany) was used to assess bone characteristics, including vBMD, cross-sectional moments of inertia (CSMI), and strength/strain index (SSI) at 14%, 38%, and 66% of the tibial length proximal to the distal end plate. One-way multivariate analysis of variances was run to determine the influence of soccer training history on tibial properties. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, soccer players had approximately 1.5% - 3% lower cortical vBMD but 18.5% - 30% greater CSMI and 16.5% -19% greater SSI at the three cross-sectional sites along the tibial diaphysis (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that soccer participation is associated with favorable bone cross-sectional geometry and estimates of bone strength. However, randomized controlled intervention trials are needed to confirm whether soccer participation results in favorable bone adaptations in young, healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Hughes
- Military Performance Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - D Clark Dickin
- School of Kinesiology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - He Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA -
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17
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Clayton ZS, Hauffe L, Liu C, Kern M, Hong MY, Brasser SM, Hooshmand S. Chronic ethanol consumption does not reduce true bone density in male Wistar rats. Alcohol 2021; 93:17-23. [PMID: 33662519 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased bone fragility, which may be modified by lifestyle behaviors. In observational studies, chronic moderate ethanol consumption is associated with higher BMD, but results are inconsistent and underlying mechanisms are unknown. To understand the influence of chronic ethanol consumption on true bone density (Archimedes principal), bone mechanical properties (Young's Modulus of bend), and osteogenic gene expression, 12-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group or ethanol intervention (20% ethanol in drinking water on alternate days) group for 13 weeks and tibiae and femurs were collected. Blood was collected to assess alcohol content and antioxidant enzyme activities. We hypothesized that chronic ethanol consumption would increase true bone density and mechanical properties and increase osteoblastic gene expression and serum antioxidant enzyme activity. Ethanol consumption did not influence femoral or tibial true bone density but did result in lower tibial Young's modulus of bend (p = 0.0002). However, there was no influence of ethanol on other measures of mechanical properties. Femoral pro-osteoclastic gene expression of Dkk1 was lower (p = 0.0006) and pro-osteoblastic gene expression of Ctnnb1 was higher (p = 0.02) with ethanol consumption. We observed no differences in circulating antioxidant activities between groups, other than a tendency for greater (p = 0.08) glutathione peroxidase in the ethanol group. Results showed chronic ethanol consumption did not influence true bone density, only modestly reduced tibial mechanical properties (lower Young's modulus of bend), and moderately impacted expression of genes within the femur known to regulate both osteoblast and osteoclast activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Laura Hauffe
- Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Changqi Liu
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mark Kern
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mee Young Hong
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Susan M Brasser
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Shirin Hooshmand
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States.
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Milanese C, Cavedon V, Corradini G, Rusciano A, Zancanaro C. Long-Term Patterns of Bone Mineral Density in an Elite Soccer Player. Front Physiol 2021; 12:631543. [PMID: 33716778 PMCID: PMC7947846 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.631543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) have been associated with association football (soccer) participation. Seasonal changes in BMD of soccer players have been proposed as well. However, previous investigations were based on short-term observations. Actually, longitudinal investigation of BMD in soccer players is lacking, possibly because of frequent inter-club transfer, changes in club policy or continued availability of the relevant facilities. Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)-measured areal BMD (aBMD) was obtained during the competitive season in an elite soccer player along 10 consecutive years. Findings showed that (1) aBMD tends to increase with age, independently of body mass; (2) The right (preferred, kicking) leg has higher aBMD than the left (non-preferred, support) one; (3) Meaningful (i.e., >least significant change, LSC) changes in aBMD take place along the season; and (4) The off-season (transition) period has no effect on aBMD. Findings prompt for future research aimed at clarifying the long-term and seasonal patterns of bone characteristics in soccer in relation with age and type/dose of training. Season-around, long-term scrutiny of bone status in soccer players would help controlling for possible changes/asymmetries in bone mineralization/strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Milanese
- Laboratory of Anthropometry and Body Composition, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Cavedon
- Laboratory of Anthropometry and Body Composition, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Laboratory of Anthropometry and Body Composition, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Hagman M, Werner C, Kamp K, Fristrup B, Hornstrup T, Meyer T, Böhm M, Laufs U, Krustrup P. Reduced telomere shortening in lifelong trained male football players compared to age-matched inactive controls. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 63:738-749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Harper LD, Field A, Corr LD, Naughton RJ. The Physiological, Physical, and Biomechanical Demands of Walking Football: Implications for Exercise Prescription and Future Research in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:478-488. [PMID: 31825890 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to profile the physiological, physical, and biomechanical responses during walking football. A total of 17 male participants (aged 66 ± 6 years) participated. Heart rate; blood lactate; accelerometer variables (biomechanical load [PlayerLoad™], changes of direction); and rating of perceived exertion were measured. Participants mean percentage of maximum heart rate was 76 ± 6% during the sessions, with rating of perceived exertion across all sessions at 13 ± 2. Blood lactate increased by ∼157% from presession (1.24 ± 0.4 mmol/L) to postsession (3.19 ± 1.7 mmol/L; p ≤ .0005). PlayerLoad™ values of 353 ± 67 arbitrary units were observed, as well as ∼100 changes of direction per session. In conclusion, walking football is a moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity. The longitudinal health benefits of walking football remain to be elucidated, particularly on bone health, cardiovascular fitness, and social and mental well-being.
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21
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Luo H, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Fairman CM, Taaffe DR. Sport Medicine in the Prevention and Management of Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 18:1534735419894063. [PMID: 31838880 PMCID: PMC6913064 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419894063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a major concern in cancer patients despite the established preventative and therapeutic effects of regular physical exercise for this patient group. Sport not only plays an important role in supporting the development and maintenance of a physically active lifestyle but also is increasingly used as a health promotion activity in various populations. Nevertheless, the potential of sport as an effective strategy in the prevention and management of cancer has gained little attention. Based on the scant evidence to date, participation of cancer patients in supervised, well-tailored sport programs appears to be safe and feasible and is associated with an array of physical and psychological benefits. We propose that sport participation may serve as an alternative strategy in the prevention of cancer and sport medicine in the management of cancer. As with the traditional exercise modes, benefits derived from sport participation will be dependent on the sport undertaken and the physical/physiological, motor, and cognitive demands required. To this end, further work is required to develop a solid evidence base in this field so that targeted sport participation can be recommended for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Luo
- Guangdong Vocational Institute of Sport, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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22
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Imperlini E, Mancini A, Orrù S, Vitucci D, Di Onofrio V, Gallè F, Valerio G, Salvatore G, Liguori G, Buono P, Alfieri A. Long-Term Recreational Football Training and Health in Aging. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17062087. [PMID: 32245237 PMCID: PMC7143141 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review aims to critically analyze the effects of exercise on health in aging. Here we discuss the main clinical and biomolecular modifications induced by long-term recreational football training in older subjects. In particular, the effects induced by long-term recreational football training on cardiovascular, metabolic and musculo-skeletal fitness, together with the modifications in the muscle expression of hallmarks related to oxidative metabolism, DNA repair and senescence suppression pathways and protein quality control mechanisms will be provided. All these topics will be debated also in terms of preventing non-communicable metabolic diseases, in order to achieve successful aging over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annamaria Mancini
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Orrù
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Vitucci
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Onofrio
- Department of Science and Technology, Università Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
| | - Giuliana Valerio
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
| | - Giuliana Salvatore
- IRCCS SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy; (E.I.); (G.S.)
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Andreina Alfieri
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Università Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (S.O.); (D.V.); (F.G.); (G.V.); (G.L.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (A.A.)
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Sarmento H, Manuel Clemente F, Marques A, Milanovic Z, David Harper L, Figueiredo A. Recreational football is medicine against non-communicable diseases: A systematic review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 30:618-637. [PMID: 31834941 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to conduct a systematic review of published articles related to the effect of recreational football on non-communicable diseases. A systematic review of Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Only empirical studies were included. There were no restrictions on the types of study design eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome measures result from the potential effects of recreational football on non-communicable diseases (eg, blood pressure, bone density, LDL cholesterol, and fat mass). A total of 44 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included. Recreational football is shown to: (a) decrease blood pressure and resting heart rate, improve cardiac structure and functioning, as well as increase maximal oxygen uptake in both sexes; (b) reduce cholesterol and triglycerides levels, increase insulin sensitivity, and have a positive impact on glycemic control; (c) improve bone mineralization, increase both bone mineral density and content, as well as acting as a stimulus for osteogenesis; and (d) be clearly beneficial for bone health, while slightly beneficial for body composition, muscle strength, and maximal oxygen uptake in adults with prostate cancer. The present systematic review demonstrated the benefits of recreational football practice on non-communicable diseases related to cardiovascular and bone health, body composition, type 2 diabetes, and prostate cancer. The effectiveness of recreational football on the aforementioned diseases may be related to age and gender; however, further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Spertlab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Melgaço, Portugal.,Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal.,Complexo Desportivo e Lazer Comendador Rui Solheiro - Monte de Prado, Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- Centro Interdisciplinar do Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Zoran Milanovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.,Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Liam David Harper
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - António Figueiredo
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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24
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Herzog W. Editorial re: Could sport be part ….. by Ring-Dimitriou et al. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2019; 8:348-349. [PMID: 31333887 PMCID: PMC6620471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Gomez-Bruton A, Gonzalez-Aguero A, Matute-Llorente A, Lozano-Berges G, Gomez-Cabello A, Moreno LA, Casajus JA, Vicente-Rodríguez G. The muscle-bone unit in adolescent swimmers. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:1079-1088. [PMID: 30729250 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-04857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Most researchers adjust bone by lean mass when comparing swimmers with controls. This adjustment is done under the assumption that lean affects bone similarly in both groups. Nonetheless, we found that the muscle-bone association is uncoupled in swimmers, and consequently, researchers should avoid this adjustment when evaluating swimmers' bone. INTRODUCTION To examine the functional and structural muscle-bone unit in adolescent swimmers. METHODS Sixty-five swimmers (34 girls/31 boys) and 119 controls (51 girls/68 boys) participated in the study. Muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA), bone mineral content (BMC), and polar strength-strain index (SSIPOL) were measured in the non-dominant radius by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Subtotal BMC and lean mass were evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Handgrip and isometric knee extension (IKE) tests were performed to determine muscle force. The effect of MCSA, lean and force on SSIPOL, and BMC were tested, and the functional and structural muscle-bone ratios of swimmers and controls were compared. RESULTS Both muscle size (MCSA and lean) and muscle force (handgrip and IKE) influenced BMC and SSIPOL in swimmers and controls similarly. Swimmers presented normal MCSA and lean values for their height, but when compared with controls, swimmers presented a higher amount of lean and MCSA for the same BMC or SSIPOL (structural muscle-bone unit). For the functional muscle-bone unit, different results were found for the lower and upper limbs, as no differences were found for the upper limbs, while for the lower limbs, swimmers presented higher muscle force for the same amount of BMC. CONCLUSIONS The contradictory results regarding BMC in swimmers found in previous studies could partly be explained with the findings of the present study that reinforce the idea that swimming is not an effective sport to practice regarding bone mass and that the muscle-bone unit is different in swimmers than in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gomez-Bruton
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- EXERNET red de investigación en ejercicio físico y salud para poblaciones especiales, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001, Huesca, Spain
| | - A Gonzalez-Aguero
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- EXERNET red de investigación en ejercicio físico y salud para poblaciones especiales, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001, Huesca, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Matute-Llorente
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- EXERNET red de investigación en ejercicio físico y salud para poblaciones especiales, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001, Huesca, Spain
| | - G Lozano-Berges
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- EXERNET red de investigación en ejercicio físico y salud para poblaciones especiales, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001, Huesca, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Gomez-Cabello
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- EXERNET red de investigación en ejercicio físico y salud para poblaciones especiales, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Science (FCS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J A Casajus
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- EXERNET red de investigación en ejercicio físico y salud para poblaciones especiales, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Science (FCS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G Vicente-Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.
- EXERNET red de investigación en ejercicio físico y salud para poblaciones especiales, Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001, Huesca, Spain.
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain.
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Uth J, Fristrup B, Haahr RD, Brasso K, Helge JW, Rørth M, Midtgaard J, Helge EW, Krustrup P. Football training over 5 years is associated with preserved femoral bone mineral density in men with prostate cancer. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28 Suppl 1:61-73. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Uth
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - B. Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - R. D. Haahr
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - K. Brasso
- Department of Urology; Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center; Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Rørth
- Department of Oncology; Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. Midtgaard
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Public Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - E. W. Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports; Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - P. Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences; College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK
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Castagna C. Recreational team sports: The motivational medicine. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2018; 7:129-131. [PMID: 30356464 PMCID: PMC6180543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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Herzog W. Do recreational team sports provide fitness and health benefits? JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2018; 7:127-128. [PMID: 30356446 PMCID: PMC6180537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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