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Dhyani P, Goyal C, Dhull SB, Chauhan AK, Singh Saharan B, Harshita, Duhan JS, Goksen G. Psychobiotics for Mitigation of Neuro-Degenerative Diseases: Recent Advancements. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300461. [PMID: 37715243 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is inevitable and poses a universal challenge for all living organisms, including humans. The human body experiences rapid cell division and metabolism until approximately 25 years of age, after which the accumulation of metabolic by-products and cellular damage leads to age-related diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are of concern due to their irreversible nature, lack of effective treatment, and impact on society and the economy. Researchers are interested in finding drugs that can effectively alleviate ageing and age-related diseases without side-effects. Psychobiotics are a novel class of probiotic organisms and prebiotic interventions that confer mental health benefits to the host when taken appropriately. Psychobiotic strains affect functions related to the central nervous system (CNS) and behaviors mediated by the Gut-Brain-Axis (GBA) through various pathways. There is an increasing interest in researchers of these microbial-based psychopharmaceuticals. Psychobiotics have been reported to reduce neuronal ageing, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cortisol levels; increase synaptic plasticity and levels of neurotransmitters and antioxidants. The present review focuses on the manifestation of elderly neurodegenerative and mental disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and depression, and the current status of their potential alleviation through psychobiotic interventions, highlighting their possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Dhyani
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varansi, 121005, India
| | - Chhaya Goyal
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varansi, 121005, India
| | - Sanju Bala Dhull
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, 125055, India
| | - Anil Kumar Chauhan
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varansi, 121005, India
| | - Baljeet Singh Saharan
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125 004, India
| | - Harshita
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Joginder Singh Duhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, 125055, India
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus, Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin, 33100, Türkiye
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Martignoni MM, Raulo A, Linkovski O, Kolodny O. SIR+ models: accounting for interaction-dependent disease susceptibility in the planning of public health interventions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12908. [PMID: 38839831 PMCID: PMC11153654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Avoiding physical contact is regarded as one of the safest and most advisable strategies to follow to reduce pathogen spread. The flip side of this approach is that a lack of social interactions may negatively affect other dimensions of health, like induction of immunosuppressive anxiety and depression or preventing interactions of importance with a diversity of microbes, which may be necessary to train our immune system or to maintain its normal levels of activity. These may in turn negatively affect a population's susceptibility to infection and the incidence of severe disease. We suggest that future pandemic modelling may benefit from relying on 'SIR+ models': epidemiological models extended to account for the benefits of social interactions that affect immune resilience. We develop an SIR+ model and discuss which specific interventions may be more effective in balancing the trade-off between minimizing pathogen spread and maximizing other interaction-dependent health benefits. Our SIR+ model reflects the idea that health is not just the mere absence of disease, but rather a state of physical, mental and social well-being that can also be dependent on the same social connections that allow pathogen spread, and the modelling of public health interventions for future pandemics should account for this multidimensionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Martignoni
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Faculty of Sciences, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Aura Raulo
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Omer Linkovski
- Department of Psychology and The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Oren Kolodny
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Faculty of Sciences, A. Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kamel M, Aleya S, Alsubih M, Aleya L. Microbiome Dynamics: A Paradigm Shift in Combatting Infectious Diseases. J Pers Med 2024; 14:217. [PMID: 38392650 PMCID: PMC10890469 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases have long posed a significant threat to global health and require constant innovation in treatment approaches. However, recent groundbreaking research has shed light on a previously overlooked player in the pathogenesis of disease-the human microbiome. This review article addresses the intricate relationship between the microbiome and infectious diseases and unravels its role as a crucial mediator of host-pathogen interactions. We explore the remarkable potential of harnessing this dynamic ecosystem to develop innovative treatment strategies that could revolutionize the management of infectious diseases. By exploring the latest advances and emerging trends, this review aims to provide a new perspective on combating infectious diseases by targeting the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Sami Aleya
- Faculty of Medecine, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Hauts-du-Chazal, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Majed Alsubih
- Department of Civil Engineering, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR CNRS 6249, La Bouloie, 25030 Besançon, France
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Lei Y, Rahman K, Cao X, Yang B, Zhou W, Reheman A, Cai L, Wang Y, Tyagi R, Wang Z, Chen X, Cao G. Epinephrine Stimulates Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth and Biofilm Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17370. [PMID: 38139199 PMCID: PMC10743465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The human stress hormones catecholamines play a critical role in communication between human microbiota and their hosts and influence the outcomes of bacterial infections. However, it is unclear how M. tuberculosis senses and responds to certain types of human stress hormones. In this study, we screened several human catecholamine stress hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) for their effects on Mycobacterium growth. Our results showed that epinephrine significantly stimulated the growth of M. tuberculosis in the serum-based medium as well as macrophages. In silico analysis and molecular docking suggested that the extra-cytoplasmic domain of the MprB might be the putative adrenergic sensor. Furthermore, we showed that epinephrine significantly enhances M. tuberculosis biofilm formation, which has distinct texture composition, antibiotic resistance, and stress tolerance. Together, our data revealed the effect and mechanism of epinephrine on the growth and biofilm formation of M. tuberculosis, which contributes to the understanding of the environmental perception and antibiotic resistance of M. tuberculosis and provides important clues for the understanding of bacterial pathogenesis and the development of novel antibacterial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lei
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Khaista Rahman
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Xiaojian Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Bing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Wei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Aikebaier Reheman
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Luxia Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Yifan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Rohit Tyagi
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
| | - Gang Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.L.); (K.R.); (X.C.); (B.Y.); (W.Z.); (A.R.)
- Bio-Medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Sun J, Wen S, Wang Z, Liu W, Lin Y, Gu J, Mao W, Xu X, He Q, Cai X. Glaesserella parasuis QseBC two-component system senses epinephrine and regulates capD expression. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0150823. [PMID: 37882555 PMCID: PMC10714720 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01508-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The key bacterial pathogen Glaesserella parasuis, which can cause Glässer's disease, has caused significant financial losses to the swine industry worldwide. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) is an important virulence factor for bacteria, providing the ability to avoid recognition and killing by the host immune system. Exploring the alteration of CPS synthesis in G. parasuis in response to epinephrine stimulation can lay the groundwork for revealing the pathogenic mechanism of G. parasuis as well as providing ideas for Glässer's disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Siting Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiayun Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weiting Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qigai He
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuwang Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Tang W, Li AP, Zhang WQ, Hu SQ, Shen WQ, Chen HL. Vasoconstrictor Agent Administration as a Risk Factor for Pressure Injury Development in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2023; 12:560-573. [PMID: 36448592 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2022.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Pressure injury (PI) is a common critical presentation in intensive care units (ICU) and is an important clinical concern in critical care settings. Some developing data support the vasoconstrictor agent administration as a potential risk factor; however, synthesis of available evidence has not been completed. Recent Advances: Comprehensive tactics were employed to search electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid Embase for data on vasoconstrictor agent administration associated with PI in ICU patients. Extraction was limited to studies that matched the inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. Critical Issues: Twenty-six studies were included, involving 50,192 patients who matched the selection criteria. Around 5.8% of patients (2,523/43,210) got PI in total. PI occurred in 10.9% (1,496/13,675) of the vasoconstrictor agent administration population and 3.5% (1,027/29,503) of the drug-free population. The pooled unadjusted odds ratio was 2.83 (95% CI = 2.21-3.64, p < 0.001). The adjusted odds ratio was 1.83 (95% CI = 1.26-2.68, p = 0.002). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression found that the risk of PI did not vary with research design, time of occurrence, patient age, or male proportion. Future Directions: Vasoconstrictor agent administration raised the risk of PI in critical care patients by nearly twofold. More emphasis should be placed on the timely prevention of PI in patients receiving vasoconstrictor agent administration in the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tang
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ai-Ping Li
- Taixing People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | | | - Shi-Qi Hu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wang-Qin Shen
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hong-Lin Chen
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Atiase Y, Yorke E, Akpalu J, Reynolds M, Annan OA, Aryee R, Hayfron-Benjamin C, Yawson A. Clinical characteristics and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis: A cross-sectional study from a tertiary hospital in Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 2023; 28:790-796. [PMID: 37537727 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common, severe and often fatal complication of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and precipitants of DKA, as well as factors associated with DKA severity in Ghanaian patients. METHODS Cross-sectional study of the medical records of all 70 adult patients >18 years managed for DKA in the adult emergency room of Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Ghana from March 2019 to July 2019. DKA diagnosis was based on hyperglycaemia >11.0 mmol/L, ketonuria (more than 2+) plus acidaemia of (pH < 7.3) or bicarbonate (HCO3 - ) <15.0 mmol/L. However, when serum bicarbonate and pH were not available, clinical signs of acidosis, for example, Kussmaul breathing aided in the diagnosis. DKA severity was assessed based on the Joint British Diabetes Societies (JBDS) guidelines of factors suggestive of severe DKA. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with DKA severity. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for factors associated with DKA severity were determined. RESULTS The mean (±standard deviation) age, diabetes duration and blood sugar at admission were 44.06 (±16.23) years, 7.19 (±6.04) years and 26.37 (±6.70) mmol/L, respectively. Females comprised 51.4% of the study population. The most common presenting symptoms were generalised weakness (30.0%) and fever (14.3%). The major precipitants were infection (70.0%) and non-compliance (22.9%). Overall, 71.4% of participants had features suggestive of severe DKA. In a multivariable regression model, Type 2 diabetes was associated with over fourfold decreased odds of severe DKA (OR 0.23, 95% CI [0.07-0.76], p = 0.016). Patient education on prevention of DKA was documented for only 18.6% of patients before being discharged. CONCLUSION In this study, more than 70% of the study participants had features suggestive of severe DKA, with infection being the most common precipitant of DKA. 51.4% of patients had Type 2 diabetes which was associated with a statistically lower risk of severe DKA. Female sex tended to be positively associated with DKA severity. In a setting where the venous/arterial pH and bicarbonate levels may be inaccessible and/or unaffordable, using clinical features as found in the JBDS guidelines may help categorise patients and escalate care when needed. Indeed it may be useful to validate the use of the JBDS criteria for use in such settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacoba Atiase
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ernest Yorke
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Josephine Akpalu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Margaret Reynolds
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Robert Aryee
- Department of Physiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Cardiology, University of Ghana Medical Center, Accra, Ghana
| | - Charles Hayfron-Benjamin
- Department of Physiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alfred Yawson
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
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QseBC regulates in vitro and in vivo virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila in response to norepinephrine. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105914. [PMID: 36455751 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The inter-kingdom communication between host and pathogenic bacteria mediated by the host hormones epinephrine (Epi)/norepinephrine (NE)/autoinducer-3 (AI-3) and transduced by the bacterial two-component signal transduction system QseBC has been well demonstrated in mammalian pathogens. Aeromonas hydrophila, a common opportunistic pathogen in freshwater aquaculture, responds to NE by increased bacterial growth and enhanced virulence. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Our study demonstrated that deletion of qseB and qseC significantly inhibited NE-promoted growth, biofilm formation, and hemolytic activity of A. hydrophila. The adhesion ability of ΔqseB and ΔqseC to J774a.1 cells was significantly decreased compared with the wild-type strain in the presence and absence of NE, whereas NE still enhanced the adhesion ability of the mutant and wild-type strains with a similar effect, suggesting that NE-enhanced cell adhesion was independent of QseBC. Moreover, QseBC did not affect the swimming and swarming motility of A. hydrophila with or without NE. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed the down-regulated expression of some virulence-related genes (hly, ast, act, aerA) in each mutant compared with the wild-type strain in the presence of NE. Tilapia infection experiments indicated that deletion of qseB or qseC weakened NE-promoted virulence of A. hydrophila. In conclusion, our study suggests that NE stimulates the growth, biofilm formation, and hemolytic activity of A. hydrophila and enhances the virulence of the pathogen in fish via the QseBC system.
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Kossewska J, Bierlit K, Trajkovski V. Personality, Anxiety, and Stress in Patients with Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome. The Polish Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:93. [PMID: 36612414 PMCID: PMC9819554 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) syndrome is associated with depression and anxiety. This study aimed to examine for the first time the correlation between personality traits, situational anxiety, and stress in Polish patients with SIBO. METHODOLOGY This study included 26 patients with SIBO aged 20-35 years and 24 non-SIBO patients aged 20-35 years. The following instruments were used: NEO-FFI Personality Inventory, KPS Sense of Stress Questionnaire, and the anxiety-state subscale from the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). RESULTS Compared to the non-SIBO subgroup, SIBO patients expressed specific patterns of personality traits: higher neuroticism, lower extroversion, and a higher state of anxiety and stress. Unlike the non-SIBO subgroup, stress (total emotional tension, external, and intrapsychic) correlated negatively only with extroversion. CONCLUSIONS Personality is the primary regulator of experience and behavior. The specificity captured in the research is a premise for an in-depth study considering various psychological variables to determine cause-effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kossewska
- Institute of Special Education, School Education and Teachers Education, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Bierlit
- Student Scientific Club of Supporting People with Autism, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| | - Vladimir Trajkovski
- Macedonian Scientific Society for Autism, Institute of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril & Methodius University in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
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Tong Z, Zhou X, Chu Y, Zhang T, Zhang J, Zhao X, Wang Z, Ding R, Meng Q, Yu J, Wang J, Kang Y. Implications of oral streptococcal bacteriophages in autism spectrum disorder. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:91. [DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGrowing evidence suggests altered oral and gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but little is known about the alterations and roles of phages, especially within the oral microbiota in ASD subjects. We enrolled ASD (n = 26) and neurotypical subjects (n = 26) with their oral hygiene controlled, and the metagenomes of both oral and fecal samples (n = 104) are shotgun-sequenced and compared. We observe extensive and diverse oral phageome comparable to that of the gut, and clear signals of mouth-to-gut phage strain transfer within individuals. However, the overall phageomes of the two sites are widely different and show even less similarity in the oral communities between ASD and control subjects. The ASD oral phageome exhibits significantly reduced abundance and alpha diversity, but the Streptococcal phages there are atypically enriched, often dominating the community. The over-representation of Streptococcal phages is accompanied by enriched oral Streptococcal virulence factors and Streptococcus bacteria, all exhibiting a positive correlation with the severity of ASD clinical manifestations. These changes are not observed in the parallel sampling of the gut flora, suggesting a previously unknown oral-specific association between the excessive Streptococcal phage enrichment and ASD pathogenesis. The findings provide new evidence for the independent microbiome-mouth-brain connection, deepen our understanding of how the growth dynamics of bacteriophages and oral microbiota contribute to ASD, and point to novel effective therapeutics.
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Loskutov SI, Proshin SN, Ryabukhin DS. Evolutionary aspects of gastrointestinal tract microbiome-host interaction underlying gastrointestinal barrier integrity. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-eao-1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the host sustenance and homeostasis, the microbiome is a key component in the functional system. Throughout ontogenetic development, microbiome including that of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the vital factor that ensures not only host functioning, but also its interaction with environment. To uncover the mechanisms underlying GIT microbiome showing a decisive influence on host organism, a systematic approach is needed, because diverse microorganisms are predominantly localized in different parts of the GIT. Recently, a new interdisciplinary direction of science, nanobioinformatics that has been extensively developed considers gene networks as the major object of study representing a coordinated group of genes that functionally account for formation and phenotypic disclosure of various host traits. Here, an important place should be provided to the genetically determined level of the gastrointestinal tract microbiome, its interaction at the level of the host food systems. There have been increasing evidence indicating that the microbiome is directly involved in the pathogenesis of host diseases showing a multi-layered interaction with host metabolic and immune systems. At the same time, the microbial community is unevenly distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and its different portions are variously active while interacting with the host immune system. The architecture of interaction between the microbiome and host cells is extremely complex, and the interaction of individual cells, at the same time, varies greatly. Bacteria colonizing the crypts of the small intestine regulate enterocyte proliferation by affecting DNA replication and gene expression, while bacteria at the tip of the intestinal villi mediate gene expression responsible for metabolism and immune response. Enterocytes and Paneth cells, in turn, regulate the vital activity of the community of microorganisms through the production of polysaccharides (carbohydrates) and antibacterial factors on their surface. Thus, the integrity of the gastrointestinal barrier (GIB) is maintained, which protects the body from infections and inflammation, while violation of its integrity leads to a number of diseases. It has been shown that depending on the dominance of certain types of bacteria the microbiome can maintain or disrupt GIB integrity. The structural and functional GIB integrity is important for body homeostasis. To date, at least 50 proteins have been characterized as being involved in the structural and functional integrability of tight junctions between gastrointestinal tract epithelial cells. The current review comprehensively discusses such issues and presents original research carried out at various facilities of translational biomedicine.
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Norepinephrine Effects on Uropathogenic Strains Virulence. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10112248. [DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The degree of virulence correlates with adhesion, biofilm formation, motility and the capacity to quickly colonize biological surfaces. The virulence of the bacteria that have colonized the urinary tract may be modified by substances dissolved in urine. One such substance is the norepinephrine (NE) hormone, which may be present in human urine, especially in times of stress and under changes in the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldesterone system. In this work, we study the influence of NE on the biomass, biofilm formation, matrix production, adhesion, motility and metabolism of uropathogenic strains of E. coli and S. aureus. We used Congo red and gentian violet staining for detection of matrix and biomass formation, respectively. The optical density was measured by a multichannel spectrophotometer. The motility of bacterial cells was measured on semi-solid agar at 24 h and 48 h. The metabolic activity was analyzed by MTT assay. It was shown that the metabolic activity of E. coli was stimulated by NE, which led to the increasing synthesis of virulence factors such as biofilm production, adhesion, and motility. At the same time, NE did not activate the S. aureus strain’s metabolism and did not change its adhesion and motility. Thus, the virulence activity of uropathogenic E. coli may be modified by NE in urine.
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13
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Cao S, Huang K, Wen X, Gao J, Cui B, Yao K, Zhan X, Hu S, Wu Q, Xiao H, Zhu C, Jiang Z, Wang L. Dietary supplementation with potassium-magnesium sulfate modulates the antioxidant capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:961989. [PMID: 36081792 PMCID: PMC9445808 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.961989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of potassium magnesium sulfateon (PMS) on growth performance, diarrhea rate, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, intestinal immunity, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets. A total of 216 weaned piglets were randomly divided into six dietary groups: the basal diet with 0% (CON), 0.15, 0.3, 0.45, 0.6, and 0.75% PMS. The results showed that the ADFI of 29–42 days and 1–42 days was linearly and quadratically increased by the PMS supplementation (P < 0.05), and significantly reduced the diarrhea rate in weaned piglets (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with PMS significantly reduced the serum adrenaline and noradrenaline levels in weaned piglets (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 0.3% PMS significantly increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the jejunum (P < 0.05) and tended to increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the jejunal mucosa of piglets (P < 0.1). Additionally, dietary supplementation with PMS significantly reduced the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) level in the jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05), and 0.3% PMS increased the serum IgM content in piglets (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the analysis of colonic microbiota by 16S RNA sequencing showed that the addition of PMS increased the Shannon index (P < 0.05) and Observed Species index (P < 0.05). Based on linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) and T-test analysis, the addition of PMS increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae in the colonic digesta (P < 0.05). Spearman analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between intestinal GSH-Px activity and the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae. These results showed that dietary supplementation with PMS could improve growth performance, alleviate diarrhea incidence, and modulate the antioxidant capacity and intestinal immunity in weaned piglets, which was partially related to the significant changes in colonic microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaolu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingchun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bailei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianliang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Cui Zhu,
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Wang,
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Haque R, Das II, Sawant PB, Chadha NK, Sahoo L, Kumar R, Sundaray JK. Tenets in Microbial Endocrinology: A New Vista in Teleost Reproduction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:871045. [PMID: 36035477 PMCID: PMC9411670 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.871045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate vulnerability and induced changes in physico-chemical properties of aquatic environment can bring impairment in metabolism, physiology and reproduction in teleost. Variation in environmental stimuli mainly acts on reproduction by interfering with steroidogenesis, gametogenesis and embryogenesis. The control on reproductive function in captivity is essential for the sustainability of aquaculture production. There are more than 3,000 teleost species across the globe having commercial importance; however, adequate quality and quantity of seed production have been the biggest bottleneck. Probiotics are widely used in aquaculture as a growth promoter, stress tolerance, pathogen inhibition, nutrient digestibility and metabolism, reproductive performance and gamete quality. As the gut microbiota exerts various effects on the intestinal milieu which influences distant organs and pathways, therefore it is considered to be a full-fledged endocrine organ. Researches on Gut-Brain-Gonad axis (GBG axis) and its importance on physiology and reproduction have already been highlighted for higher mammals; however, the study on fish physiology and reproduction is limited. While looking into the paucity of information, we have attempted to review the present status of microbiome and its interaction between the brain and gut. This review will address a process of the microbiome physiological mechanism involved in fish reproduction. The gut microbiota influences the BPG axis through a wide variety of compounds, including neuropeptides, neurotransmitter homologs and transmitters. Currently, research is being conducted to determine the precise process by which gut microbial composition influences brain function in fish. The gut-brain bidirectional interaction can influence brain biochemistry such as GABA, serotonin and tryptophan metabolites which play significant roles in CNS regulation. This review summarizes the fact, how microbes from gut, skin and other parts of the body influence fish reproduction through the Gut-Brain-Gonad axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramjanul Haque
- Division of Aquaculture, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | - Ipsita Iswari Das
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Narinder Kumar Chadha
- Division of Aquaculture, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | - Lakshman Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Aquaculture Production and Environment Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Sundaray
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
- *Correspondence: Jitendra Kumar Sundaray,
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Yang K, Jian S, Wen C, Guo D, Liao P, Wen J, Kuang T, Han S, Liu Q, Deng B. Gallnut Tannic Acid Exerts Anti-stress Effects on Stress-Induced Inflammatory Response, Dysbiotic Gut Microbiota, and Alterations of Serum Metabolic Profile in Beagle Dogs. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847966. [PMID: 35571952 PMCID: PMC9094144 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress exposure is a potential threat to humans who live or work in extreme environments, often leading to oxidative stress, inflammatory response, intestinal dysbiosis, and metabolic disorders. Gallnut tannic acid (TA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has become a compelling source due to its favorable anti-diarrheal, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial activities. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-stress effects of gallnut TA on the stress-induced inflammatory response, dysbiotic gut microbiota, and alterations of serum metabolic profile using beagle models. A total of 13 beagle dogs were randomly divided into the stress (ST) and ST + TA groups. Dietary supplementation with TA at 2.5 g/kg was individually fed to each dog in the ST + TA group for 14 consecutive days. On day 7, all dogs were transported for 3 h from a stressful environment (days 1–7) to a livable site (days 8–14). In our results, TA relieved environmental stress-induced diarrheal symptoms in dogs and were shown to protect from myocardial injury and help improve immunity by serum biochemistry and hematology analysis. Also, TA inhibited the secretion of serum hormones [cortisol (COR), glucocorticoid (GC), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)] and the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 to protect dogs from stress-induced injury, thereby relieving oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that TA stimulated the growth of beneficial bacteria (Allobaculum, Dubosiella, Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002, and Faecalibaculum) and suppressed the growth of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus), thereby increasing fecal butyrate levels. Serum metabolomics further showed that phytosphingosine, indoleacetic acid, arachidonic acid, and biotin, related to the metabolism of sphingolipid, tryptophan, arachidonic acid, and biotin, respectively, could serve as potential biomarkers of stress exposure. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation analysis showed strong relationships between the four potential serum biomarkers and differential bacteria. Overall, gallnut TA may be a potential prebiotic for the prevention and treatment of stress-induced metabolic disorders by targeting intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyan Jian
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyu Wen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinfeng Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Wen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Kuang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sufang Han
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshen Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baichuan Deng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Krämer J, Kang R, Grimm LM, De Cola L, Picchetti P, Biedermann F. Molecular Probes, Chemosensors, and Nanosensors for Optical Detection of Biorelevant Molecules and Ions in Aqueous Media and Biofluids. Chem Rev 2022; 122:3459-3636. [PMID: 34995461 PMCID: PMC8832467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors used in combination with innovative assay protocols hold great potential for the development of robust, low-cost, and fast-responding sensors that are applicable in biofluids (urine, blood, and saliva). Particularly, the development of sensors for metabolites, neurotransmitters, drugs, and inorganic ions is highly desirable due to a lack of suitable biosensors. In addition, the monitoring and analysis of metabolic and signaling networks in cells and organisms by optical probes and chemosensors is becoming increasingly important in molecular biology and medicine. Thus, new perspectives for personalized diagnostics, theranostics, and biochemical/medical research will be unlocked when standing limitations of artificial binders and receptors are overcome. In this review, we survey synthetic sensing systems that have promising (future) application potential for the detection of small molecules, cations, and anions in aqueous media and biofluids. Special attention was given to sensing systems that provide a readily measurable optical signal through dynamic covalent chemistry, supramolecular host-guest interactions, or nanoparticles featuring plasmonic effects. This review shall also enable the reader to evaluate the current performance of molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors in terms of sensitivity and selectivity with respect to practical requirement, and thereby inspiring new ideas for the development of further advanced systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Krämer
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Rui Kang
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Laura M. Grimm
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Dipartimento
DISFARM, University of Milano, via Camillo Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierre Picchetti
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- P.P.: email,
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- F.B.: email,
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WORKbiota: A Systematic Review about the Effects of Occupational Exposure on Microbiota and Workers' Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031043. [PMID: 35162072 PMCID: PMC8834335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of human microbiota and the impact of its modifications on the health of individuals represent a current topic of great interest for the world scientific community. Scientific evidence is emerging regarding the role that microbiota has in the onset of important chronic illnesses. Since individuals spend most of their life at work, occupational exposures may have an impact on the organism’s microbiota. The purpose of this review is to explore the influence that different occupational exposures have on human microbiota in order to set a new basis for workers’ health protection and disease prevention. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus. A total of 5818 references emerged from the online search, and 31 articles were included in the systematic review (26 original articles and 5 reviews). Exposure to biological agents (in particular direct contact with animals) was the most occupational risk factor studied, and it was found involved in modifications of the microbiota of workers. Changes in microbiota were also found in workers exposed to chemical agents or subjected to work-related stress and altered dietary habits caused by specific microclimate characteristics or long trips. Two studies evaluated the role of microbiota changes on the development of occupational lung diseases. Occupational factors can interface with the biological rhythms of the bacteria of the microbiota and can contribute to its modifications and to the possible development of diseases. Future studies are needed to better understand the role of the microbiota and its connection with occupational exposure to promote projects for the prevention and protection of global health.
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Al Qteishat A, Gabriyanchik MA, Bokov DO. Changes in parameters of biochemical and oxidative stress in university students during and after examinations. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:811-817. [PMID: 34235604 PMCID: PMC8492803 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the parameters of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection, biochemical parameters, and cortisol and adrenaline content in the blood of students depending on the effect of exam stress. A total of 135 healthy students (72 female (53.3%) and 63 male (46.7%)) aged from 19 to 21 years (mean age 20.16 ± 0.42 years) of the experimental group underwent detailed medical screening and examination before the inclusion in the study. The control group consisted of 30 healthy students (17 female (56.7%) and 13 male (43.3%)) of corresponding age (mean age 20.23 ± 0.54 years), whose medical examination was performed during breaks in the absence of any stress factors. The blood parameters of the experimental group were investigated 1 h before, 1 h after, and 24 h after the exam. The cortisol content in the blood of experimental group students significantly increased 1.37 times (p < 0.05) an hour before the exam and 1.32 times (p < 0.05) an hour after; adrenalin content in blood increased 1.76 times (p < 0.05) and 1.49 times (p < 0.05), respectively. Compared to the control group, intensification of lipid peroxidation processes with a 1.51-fold (p < 0.05) increase in erythrocyte malonic aldehyde content in blood 1 h before and 1.42-fold (p < 0.05) increase an hour after the exam was observed in students due to the effect of exam stress.. Changes in hormonal homeostasis, activation of lipoperoxidation processes with the development of oxidative stress, and the disintegration of antioxidant protection factors are typical for academic stress in students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Qteishat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan.
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan.
| | - Mark A Gabriyanchik
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry O Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
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Wurster S, Lyos S, Albert ND, Kontoyiannis DP. Pharmacological serum concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine do not affect growth rate, morphogenesis, stress tolerance, and virulence of Candida albicans. Med Mycol 2021; 59:102-105. [PMID: 32678869 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasopressors are frequently given in hemodynamically unstable patients with severe Candida sepsis. While catecholamines can aggravate sepsis-induced immune dysfunction and modulate bacterial virulence traits, their impact on fungal pathogenicity is poorly understood. Using IncuCyte time-lapse microscopy and a fruit fly candidiasis model, we studied growth rates, morphogenesis, stress tolerance, and virulence of C. albicans cocultured with epinephrine and norepinephrine. We found that pharmacologically attainable catecholamine serum concentrations caused minimal changes to in vitro growth kinetics, filamentation, and fungal resistance to thermal or oxidative stress. Similarly, exposure of C. albicans to catecholamines did not alter the survival of infected flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wurster
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sebastian Lyos
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas, USA.,College of Literature, Sciences and the Arts; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nathaniel D Albert
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas, USA
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20
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Chamarande J, Cunat L, Caillet C, Mathieu L, Duval JFL, Lozniewski A, Frippiat JP, Alauzet C, Cailliez-Grimal C. Surface Properties of Parabacteroides distasonis and Impacts of Stress-Induced Molecules on Its Surface Adhesion and Biofilm Formation Capacities. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1602. [PMID: 34442682 PMCID: PMC8400631 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem whose balance and homeostasis are essential to the host's well-being and whose composition can be critically affected by various factors, including host stress. Parabacteroides distasonis causes well-known beneficial roles for its host, but is negatively impacted by stress. However, the mechanisms explaining its maintenance in the gut have not yet been explored, in particular its capacities to adhere onto (bio)surfaces, form biofilms and the way its physicochemical surface properties are affected by stressing conditions. In this paper, we reported adhesion and biofilm formation capacities of 14 unrelated strains of P. distasonis using a steam-based washing procedure, and the electrokinetic features of its surface. Results evidenced an important inter-strain variability for all experiments including the response to stress hormones. In fact, stress-induced molecules significantly impact P. distasonis adhesion and biofilm formation capacities in 35% and 23% of assays, respectively. This study not only provides basic data on the adhesion and biofilm formation capacities of P. distasonis to abiotic substrates but also paves the way for further research on how stress-molecules could be implicated in P. distasonis maintenance within the gut microbiota, which is a prerequisite for designing efficient solutions to optimize its survival within gut environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Chamarande
- SIMPA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.C.); (L.C.); (A.L.); (J.-P.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Lisiane Cunat
- SIMPA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.C.); (L.C.); (A.L.); (J.-P.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Céline Caillet
- CNRS, LIEC, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (C.C.); (J.F.L.D.)
| | - Laurence Mathieu
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l’Environnement (LCPME), Paris Sciences Lettres University (PSL), F-54500 Nancy, France;
| | - Jérôme F. L. Duval
- CNRS, LIEC, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (C.C.); (J.F.L.D.)
| | - Alain Lozniewski
- SIMPA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.C.); (L.C.); (A.L.); (J.-P.F.); (C.A.)
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Microbiologie, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Pol Frippiat
- SIMPA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.C.); (L.C.); (A.L.); (J.-P.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Corentine Alauzet
- SIMPA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France; (J.C.); (L.C.); (A.L.); (J.-P.F.); (C.A.)
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Microbiologie, F-54000 Nancy, France
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Citrobacter rodentium infection at the gut-brain axis interface. Curr Opin Microbiol 2021; 63:59-65. [PMID: 34217915 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis plays a critical role in the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract homeostasis. Several enteric pathogens have developed strategies to sense neurochemical molecules to regulate their virulence in the gut. Additionally, there is growing evidence that gut dysbiosis can strongly affect host brain responses. Here we review different mechanisms that have been proposed to mediate gut-brain axis communication using Citrobacter rodentium, a natural murine enteric pathogen and one of the most widely used small animal models for studying host-microbe interactions. We highlight studies that have identified-specific pathways used by C. rodentium to sense host neurochemicals during colonization as well as behavioral responses and brain pathologies affected by pathogen colonization of the gut.
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Zhang L, Li C, Yang L, Adzika GK, Machuki JO, Shi M, Sun Q, Sun H. Estrogen Protects Vasomotor Functions in Rats During Catecholamine Stress. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:679240. [PMID: 34222374 PMCID: PMC8241912 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.679240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of dysfunctional vasomotor diseases has mostly occurred in postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. Hence, this study sought to investigate the impact of estrogen deficiency during catecholamine stress on vasomotor function. Also, attempts were made to utilize estrogen replacement therapy to mitigate the adverse effects (pathological remodeling) of stress on the aortic vessels to preserve vasomotor functions. To do this, female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were ovariectomized (OVX) along with sham operations (Sham). Day 14 after OVX operation, 17-estradiol (E2) was subcutaneously implanted (OVX+E2). Day 35 after operation, stress was induced by isoproterenol (ISO) subcutaneous injections. Clinically relevant blood pressure indexes (systolic, diastolic, and mean atrial blood pressures) were assessed in the rats. Aortic vascular ring tensions were assessed in vitro to ascertain the impact of E2 on their vasomotor function. Aortic vascular rings (AVRs) from OVX+ISO exhibited a significant increase in contractility in response to phenylephrine than AVRs isolated from Sham+ISO rats. Also, sera levels of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the expression of p-eNOS/eNOS from vascular tissues were ascertained. We demonstrate that, during stress, E2 prevented excessive weight gain and OVX rats had higher blood pressures than those in the Sham group. Further, we showed that E2 decreases ET-1 expressions during stress while upregulating NO expressions via enhancing eNOS activities to facilitate vasomotor functions. Finally, histological assessment revealed the E2 treatments during stress preserved vasomotor functions by preventing excessive intima-media thickening and collagen depositions in the aortic vascular walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chenfei Li
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liting Yang
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | | | - Mingjin Shi
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Battaglini D, Robba C, Fedele A, Trancǎ S, Sukkar SG, Di Pilato V, Bassetti M, Giacobbe DR, Vena A, Patroniti N, Ball L, Brunetti I, Torres Martí A, Rocco PRM, Pelosi P. The Role of Dysbiosis in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:671714. [PMID: 34150807 PMCID: PMC8211890 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.671714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In late December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread worldwide, and the syndrome it causes, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has reached pandemic proportions. Around 30% of patients with COVID-19 experience severe respiratory distress and are admitted to the intensive care unit for comprehensive critical care. Patients with COVID-19 often present an enhanced immune response with a hyperinflammatory state characterized by a "cytokine storm," which may reflect changes in the microbiota composition. Moreover, the evolution to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may increase the severity of COVID-19 and related dysbiosis. During critical illness, the multitude of therapies administered, including antibiotics, sedatives, analgesics, body position, invasive mechanical ventilation, and nutritional support, may enhance the inflammatory response and alter the balance of patients' microbiota. This status of dysbiosis may lead to hyper vulnerability in patients and an inappropriate response to critical circumstances. In this context, the aim of our narrative review is to provide an overview of possible interaction between patients' microbiota dysbiosis and clinical status of severe COVID-19 with ARDS, taking into consideration the characteristic hyperinflammatory state of this condition, respiratory distress, and provide an overview on possible nutritional strategies for critically ill patients with COVID-19-ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Battaglini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Robba
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Fedele
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
| | - Sebastian Trancǎ
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care II, Clinical Emergency County Hospital of Cluj, Iuliu Hatieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Samir Giuseppe Sukkar
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bassetti
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DISSAL), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DISSAL), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Vena
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicolò Patroniti
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Iole Brunetti
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
| | - Antoni Torres Martí
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- COVID-19-Network, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) per l'Oncologia e le Neuroscienze, Genova, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
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Zilber-Rosenberg I, Rosenberg E. Microbial driven genetic variation in holobionts. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:6261188. [PMID: 33930136 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation in holobionts, (host and microbiome), occurring by changes in both host and microbiome genomes, can be observed from two perspectives: observable variations and the processes that bring about the variation. The observable includes the enormous genetic diversity of prokaryotes, which gave rise to eukaryotic organisms. Holobionts then evolved a rich microbiome with a stable core containing essential genes, less so common taxa, and a more diverse non-core enabling considerable genetic variation. The result being that, the human gut microbiome, for example, contains 1,000 times more unique genes than are present in the human genome. Microbial driven genetic variation processes in holobionts include: (1) Acquisition of novel microbes from the environment, which bring in multiple genes in one step, (2) amplification/reduction of certain microbes in the microbiome, that contribute to holobiont` s adaptation to changing conditions, (3) horizontal gene transfer between microbes and between microbes and host, (4) mutation, which plays an important role in optimizing interactions between different microbiota and between microbiota and host. We suggest that invertebrates and plants, where microbes can live intracellularly, have a greater chance of genetic exchange between microbiota and host, thus a greater chance of vertical transmission and a greater effect of microbiome on evolution of host than vertebrates. However, even in vertebrates the microbiome can aid in environmental fluctuations by amplification/reduction and by acquisition of novel microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv Israel
| | - Eugene Rosenberg
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv Israel
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Mart’yanov SV, Botchkova EA, Plakunov VK, Gannesen AV. The Impact of Norepinephrine on Mono-Species and Dual-Species Staphylococcal Biofilms. Microorganisms 2021; 9:820. [PMID: 33924447 PMCID: PMC8070549 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of norepinephrine ("NE") on Gram-negative bacteria is well characterized; however, little is known about the impact of NE on cutaneous Gram-positive skin residents, especially staphylococci. In this study, the impact of NE on monospecies and dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus model strains was investigated for the first time. Biofilms were grown in two different models (on polytetrafluoroethylene ("PTFE") cubes and glass microfiber filters ("GMFFs")) and additionally kinetic measurements of bacterial growth was performed. We have shown that NE can affect the biofilm formation of both species with a strong dependence on aerobic or anaerobic culture conditions in different models. It was shown that S. epidermidis suppresses S. aureus growth in dual-species biofilms and that NE can accelerate this process, contributing to the competitive behavior of staphylococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Vladislavovich Mart’yanov
- Laboratory of Viability of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Ekaterina Alexandrovna Botchkova
- Laboratory of Microbiology of Anthropogenic Habitats, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Konstantinovich Plakunov
- Laboratory of Viability of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
| | - Andrei Vladislavovich Gannesen
- Laboratory of Viability of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.M.); (V.K.P.)
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Monzón-Atienza L, Bravo J, Torrecillas S, Montero D, Canales AFGD, de la Banda IG, Galindo-Villegas J, Ramos-Vivas J, Acosta F. Isolation and Characterization of a Bacillus velezensis D-18 Strain, as a Potential Probiotic in European Seabass Aquaculture. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1404-1412. [PMID: 33811608 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Within the food-producing sectors, aquaculture is the one that has developed the greatest growth in recent decades, currently representing almost 50% of the world's edible fish. The diseases can affect the final production in intensive aquaculture; in seabass, aquaculture vibriosis is one of the most important diseases producing huge economical losses in this industry. The usual methodology to solve the problems associated with the bacterial pathology has been the use of antibiotics, with known environmental consequences. This is why probiotic bacteria are proposed as an alternative fight against pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyse a strain of Bacillus velezensis D-18 isolated from a wastewater sample collected from a fish farm, for use as probiotics in aquaculture. The strain was evaluated in vitro through various mechanisms of selection, obtaining as results for growth inhibition by co-culture a reduction of 30%; B. velezensis D-18 was able to survive at 1.5-h exposure to 10% seabass bile, and at pH 4, its survival is 5% and reducing by 60% the adhesion capacity of V. anguillarum 507 to the mucus of seabass and in vivo by performing a challenge. Therefore, in conclusion, we consider B. velezensis D-18 isolate from wastewater samples collected from the farms as a good candidate probiotic in the prevention of the infection by Vibrio anguillarum 507 in European seabass after in vitro and biosafety assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Monzón-Atienza
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Jimena Bravo
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Silvia Torrecillas
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Daniel Montero
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Ramos-Vivas
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Félix Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
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Cortês IT, Rosalen PL, Berto LA, Castro ML, Pedrini DL, Porto AN, Cogo-Müller K, Nobre Franco GC. Effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on biofilm formation and virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans UA159. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 125:105091. [PMID: 33652302 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate in vitro the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline on the biofilm formation on orthodontic brackets, acid production and expression of virulence genes of Streptococcus mutans UA159 (S. mutans). DESIGN S. mutans UA159 biofilm was formed on orthodontic brackets under exposure to adrenaline (100 μM), noradrenaline (50 μM) or PBS solution (control group) in triptone-yeast extract with 1 % sucrose. After 24 h, biofilm formation was quantified through Colony Forming Units / mL (CFU/mL) and RNA was extracted to perform gene expression analysis through real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-qPCR). Evaluation of acid production was carried out on planktonic cultures for 6 h. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test was carried to determine statistical difference. The level of significance was set at 5 %. RESULTS Catecholamines stimulated biofilm formation of S. mutans in orthodontic brackets (p < 0,05) but did not interfere with acid production (pH reduction) or the expression of the tested genes related to biofilm formation (gtfB, gtfC, gbpA, gbpB, gbpC, gbpD and brpA), aciduric (relA) and acidogenic properties (ldh). CONCLUSIONS The present study was the first to demonstrate that catecholamines can stimulate S. mutans UA159 biofilm formation. These findings can contribute to clarify the role of stress on bacterial metabolism and contribute to the understanding of a possible role on caries development, mainly in orthodontic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Torres Cortês
- State University of Campinas, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- State University of Campinas, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Aranha Berto
- State University of Campinas, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Karina Cogo-Müller
- State University of Campinas, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; State University of Campinas, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Kim KT, Lee SH, Lee KK, Han JE, Kwak D. Enhanced Virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila Is Induced by Stress and Serial Passaging in Mice. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020508. [PMID: 33669173 PMCID: PMC7919638 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aeromonas hydrophila, which is an opportunistic zoonotic bacterium, has the ability to infect animals with injuries involving the condition of the aquatic environments. Factors including poor sanitation and water quality, stress, overcrowding, and rough handling can make animals more sensitive to infections and trigger outbreaks of A. hydrophila. A. hydrophila was previously isolated from an African black-footed penguin that died while in captivity at a zoo, following clinical signs of depression and anorexia, and in this study, we investigated the effect of stress and serial passaging in mice on A. hydrophila virulence. Serial passaging in mice enhanced the virulence of A. hydrophila, and A. hydrophila infection combined with administration of stress hormones or fasting increased mortality. Abstract Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from an African black-footed penguin (Spheniscus demersus) that died while in zoo captivity. At necropsy, the virulence of A. hydrophila appeared to be enhanced by stress, so was assessed in the presence of in vitro and in vivo stressors and serial passaging in mice. Virulence genes from the isolate were amplified by PCR. In vitro assays were conducted to test the hemolytic activity, cytotoxicity, and effect of stress hormones on A. hydrophila virulence. In vivo assays were conducted to test the stress effect on mortality of A. hydrophila-infected mice and virulence in mice. Two virulence genes coding for hemolysin (ahh1) and aerolysin (aerA) were detected, and the cytotoxic potential of the isolate was demonstrated in baby hamster kidney and Vero cells. Some or all mice inoculated with A. hydrophila and exposed to stress hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) or low temperature died, while mice inoculated with A. hydrophila and exposed to fasting or agitation stressors or no stressors survived. We concluded that stress can be fatal in mice experimentally infected with A. hydrophila and that serial passaging in mice dramatically enhances the virulence of A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoo-Tae Kim
- Animal Health Center of Zoo Land, Daejeon O-World Theme Park, Daejeon 35073, Korea;
| | - Seung-Hun Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Kyoung-Ki Lee
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea;
| | - Jee Eun Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Dongmi Kwak
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-7794
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Baig MMFA, Zhang C, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Nisar N. Treatment of Wilms’ nephroblastoma cancer cells via EGFR targeting of dactinomycin loaded DNA-nanowires. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Stefanaki C, Mastorakos G, Chrousos GP. Gut Microbiome and Mental Stress-Related Disorders: The Interplay of Classic and Microbial Endocrinology. GUT MICROBIOME-RELATED DISEASES AND THERAPIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59642-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cross-talk between gut and brain elicited by physical exercise. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165877. [PMID: 32544430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a paradigm shift in the bidirectional interactions within the gut-brain axis in normal and pathologic conditions has been evidenced. Although the causal relationship is not completely known, the application of new therapeutic tools such as physical exercise has been described in several studies. However, there are caveats to consider when interpreting the effect of exercise training on the axis. Therefore, an integrative perspective of the gut and the brain's communication pathway is discussed and the role of exercise on influencing this communication highway is explained in this review.
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Li J, Ma X, Zhao L, Li Y, Zhou Q, Du X. Extended Contact Lens Wear Promotes Corneal Norepinephrine Secretion and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:17. [PMID: 32298434 PMCID: PMC7401850 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.4.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Extended contact lens (CL) wear predisposes the wearer to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the cornea, but the mechanism involved remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the stress hormone norepinephrine (NE) in the pathogenesis of CL-induced P. aeruginosa keratitis. Methods A total 195 adult C57BL/6 mice were used in this study. Corneal NE content was measured after 48 hours of sterile CL wear in mice. The effect of NE on P. aeruginosa adhesion and biofilm formation on the CL surface was examined in vitro. Moreover, mouse eyes were covered with P. aeruginosa-contaminated CLs, and either 500-µM NE was topically applied or the eyes were subconjunctivally injected with 100 µg of N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4) to deplete local NE. Clinical scores, neutrophil infiltration, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and bacterial load on the corneas and CLs were evaluated. Results Corneal NE content was elevated with extended CL wear in mice. In vitro, NE promoted the adhesion and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa on the CL surface. In mice, topical application of NE aggravated P. aeruginosa infection, accompanied with increased clinical scores, neutrophil infiltration, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and bacterial burden on the corneas and CLs. However, pre-depletion of local NE with DSP-4 significantly alleviated the severity of P. aeruginosa keratitis. Conclusions Extended CL wear elevates corneal NE content, which promotes the pathogenesis of CL-induced P. aeruginosa keratitis in mice. Targeting NE may provide a potential strategy for the treatment of CL-related corneal infection caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Racine PJ, Janvier X, Clabaut M, Catovic C, Souak D, Boukerb AM, Groboillot A, Konto-Ghiorghi Y, Duclairoir-Poc C, Lesouhaitier O, Orange N, Chevalier S, Feuilloley MGJ. Dialog between skin and its microbiota: Emergence of "Cutaneous Bacterial Endocrinology". Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:790-800. [PMID: 32682345 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microbial endocrinology is studying the response of microorganisms to hormones and neurohormones and the microbiota production of hormones-like molecules. Until now, it was mainly applied to the gut and revealed that the intestinal microbiota should be considered as a real organ in constant and bilateral interactions with the whole human body. The skin harbours the second most abundant microbiome and contains an abundance of nerve terminals and capillaries, which in addition to keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, dendritic cells and endothelial cells, release a huge diversity of hormones and neurohormones. In the present review, we will examine recent experimental data showing that, in skin, molecules such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, natriuretic peptides and catecholamines can directly affect the physiology and virulence of common skin-associated bacteria. Conversely, bacteria are able to synthesize and release compounds including histamine, glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid or peptides showing partial homology with neurohormones such as α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH). The more surprising is that some viruses can also encode neurohormones mimicking proteins. Taken together, these elements demonstrate that there is also a cutaneous microbial endocrinology and this emerging concept will certainly have important consequences in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jean Racine
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Xavier Janvier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Maximilien Clabaut
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Chloe Catovic
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Djouhar Souak
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Amine M Boukerb
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Anne Groboillot
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Yoan Konto-Ghiorghi
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Cécile Duclairoir-Poc
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Olivier Lesouhaitier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Nicole Orange
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Sylvie Chevalier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Marc G J Feuilloley
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
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Cambronel M, Nilly F, Mesguida O, Boukerb AM, Racine PJ, Baccouri O, Borrel V, Martel J, Fécamp F, Knowlton R, Zimmermann K, Domann E, Rodrigues S, Feuilloley M, Connil N. Influence of Catecholamines (Epinephrine/Norepinephrine) on Biofilm Formation and Adhesion in Pathogenic and Probiotic Strains of Enterococcus faecalis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1501. [PMID: 32849320 PMCID: PMC7396564 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis has controversial status due to its emerging role in nosocomial infections, while some strains with beneficial effects are used as probiotics and starter cultures in dairy industry. These bacteria can be found as resident or transient germs in the gut or on skin, where they are continually exposed to various eukaryotic molecules. In this context, the aim of our work was to evaluate the effect of the catecholamine stress hormones, epinephrine (Epi), and norepinephrine (NE) on some Enterococcus strains. Four E. faecalis strains were included in this study: E. faecalis MMH594 and E. faecalis V583, pathogenic strains of clinical origin, E. faecalis Symbioflor 1 clone DSM 16431, a pharmaceutical probiotic, and E. faecalis OB15, a probiotic strain previously isolated from Tunisian rigouta (Baccouri et al., 2019). Epi was found to modulate the formation of biofilm (biovolume and thickness) in E. faecalis, whether pathogens or probiotics. NE had less effect on biofilm formation of these bacteria. We also investigated the effect of Epi and NE on adhesion of E. faecalis to eukaryotic cells as it is the first step of colonization of the host. Epi was found to significantly enhance the adhesion of MMH594 and OB15 to Caco-2/TC7 intestinal cells and HaCaT keratinocyte cells, whereas NE significantly increased the adhesion of V583 and Symbioflor 1 DSM 16431 to Caco-2/TC7 cells, the adhesion of MMH594, Symbioflor 1 DSM 16431, and OB15 to HaCaT cells. Analysis of a putative adrenergic sensor of Epi/NE in E. faecalis, compared to QseC, the Escherichia coli adrenergic receptor, allowed the identification of VicK as the nearest protein to QseC with 29% identity and 46% similarity values. Structure modeling and molecular docking of VicK corroborated the hypothesis of possible interactions of this putative adrenergic sensor with Epi and NE, with binding energies of -4.08 and -4.49 kcal/mol, respectively. In conclusion, this study showed for the first time that stress hormones could increase biofilm formation and adhesion to eukaryotic cells in E. faecalis. Future experiments will aim to confirm by in vivo studies the role of VicK as adrenergic sensor in E. faecalis probiotic and pathogen strains. This may help to develop new strategies of antagonism/competition in the gut or skin ecological niches, and to prevent the colonization by opportunistic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélyssa Cambronel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Flore Nilly
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Ouiza Mesguida
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Amine Mohamed Boukerb
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Racine
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Olfa Baccouri
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Valérie Borrel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Jérome Martel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Florian Fécamp
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Rikki Knowlton
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | | | - Eugen Domann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre for Infection Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sophie Rodrigues
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Marc Feuilloley
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
| | - Nathalie Connil
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement EA 4312, Université de Rouen, Normandie Université, Évreux, France
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The role of host molecules in communication with the resident and pathogenic microbiota: A review. MEDICINE IN MICROECOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmic.2020.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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van Thiel IAM, de Jonge WJ, Chiu IM, van den Wijngaard RM. Microbiota-neuroimmune cross talk in stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity of the bowel. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 318:G1034-G1041. [PMID: 32308040 PMCID: PMC7642838 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00196.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Visceral hypersensitivity of the lower gastrointestinal tract, defined as an increased response to colorectal distension, frequently prompts episodes of debilitating abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Although the pathophysiology of IBS is not yet fully elucidated, it is well known that stress is a major risk factor for development and acts as a trigger of pain sensation. Stress modulates both immune responses as well as the gut microbiota and vice versa. Additionally, either microbes themselves or through involvement of the immune system, activate or sensitize afferent nociceptors. In this paper, we review current knowledge on the influence of stress along the gut-brain-microbiota axis and exemplify relevant neuroimmune cross talk mechanisms in visceral hypersensitivity, working toward understanding how gut microbiota-neuroimmune cross talk contributes to visceral pain sensation in IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle A. M. van Thiel
- 1Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,2Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- 1Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,2Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,3Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,4Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isaac M. Chiu
- 5Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School. Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rene M. van den Wijngaard
- 1Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,2Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,3Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Ma X, Wang Q, Song F, Li Y, Li J, Dou S, Xie L, Zhou Q. Corneal epithelial injury-induced norepinephrine promotes Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Exp Eye Res 2020; 195:108048. [PMID: 32376471 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue injury causes the secretion of stress hormone catecholamine and increases susceptibility to opportunistic infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen that is a leading cause of microbial keratitis usually associated with ocular injury or contact lens wear. However, the effect of catecholamine on P. aeruginosa induced corneal infection is unknown. Here, we test if norepinephrine (NE) would promote the progression of P. aeruginosa keratitis in mice. Adult C57BL/6 mouse corneas were scarified and then inoculated with P. aeruginosa. The content of NE was elevated in corneas after scarification and inoculation with P. aeruginosa. Then, exogenous NE was applied to the infected corneas at 24 h after inoculation; control eyes were treated with sterile saline. Topical application of NE aggravated the severity of P. aeruginosa keratitis, accompanied with the increase of clinical score, bacterial load, pathological changes, neutrophils infiltration, bacterial virulence factors and proinflammatory factors levels. In order to further verify the role of NE, N-(2-Chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine hydrochloride (DSP-4), a neurotoxin selected to deplete NE, was injected subconjunctivally 12 h before scarification. Pre-depletion of local NE by DSP-4 significantly alleviated the severity of corneal infection. Moreover, NE was also confirmed to increase the bacterial growth and the expression of virulence factors gene in vitro. Together, these data showed that increased corneal NE content facilitated the progression of P. aeruginosa keratitis in mice by amplifying host excessive inflammatory response and bacterial virulence. Therefore, targeting NE may provide a potential strategy for the treatment of P. aeruginosa keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiubin Ma
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qun Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fangying Song
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengqian Dou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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Cavaillon J, Singer M, Skirecki T. Sepsis therapies: learning from 30 years of failure of translational research to propose new leads. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e10128. [PMID: 32176432 PMCID: PMC7136965 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201810128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global health priority. There has been a tremendous effort to decipher underlying mechanisms responsible for organ failure and death, and to develop new treatments. Despite saving thousands of animals over the last three decades in multiple preclinical studies, no new effective drug has emerged that has clearly improved patient outcomes. In the present review, we analyze the reasons for this failure, focusing on the inclusion of inappropriate patients and the use of irrelevant animal models. We advocate against repeating the same mistakes and propose changes to the research paradigm. We discuss the long-term consequences of surviving sepsis and, finally, list some putative approaches-both old and new-that could help save lives and improve survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tomasz Skirecki
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineCentre of Postgraduate Medical EducationWarsawPoland
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Busnelli M, Manzini S, Chiesa G. The Gut Microbiota Affects Host Pathophysiology as an Endocrine Organ: A Focus on Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrients 2019; 12:E79. [PMID: 31892152 PMCID: PMC7019666 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that the microorganisms inhabiting our gastrointestinal tract-the gut microbiota-deeply affect the pathophysiology of the host. Gut microbiota composition is mostly modulated by diet, and gut microorganisms communicate with the different organs and tissues of the human host by synthesizing hormones and regulating their release. Herein, we will provide an updated review on the most important classes of gut microbiota-derived hormones and their sensing by host receptors, critically discussing their impact on host physiology. Additionally, the debated interplay between microbial hormones and the development of cardiovascular disease will be thoroughly analysed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
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40
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Xiong Y, Yi H, Wu Q, Jiang Z, Wang L. Effects of acute heat stress on intestinal microbiota in grow-finishing pigs, and associations with feed intake and serum profile. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:840-852. [PMID: 31671233 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was conducted to assess the effects of acute heat stress (HS) on intestinal microbiota, and the associations with the changes in feed intake (FI) and serum profile. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty four individually housed pigs (Duroc × Large White × Landrace, 30 ± 1 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments (8 pigs/treatment): (i) thermal neutral (TN) conditions (25 ± 1°C), (ii) HS conditions (35 ± 1°C), (iii) pair-feeding (PF) with HS under TN conditions. After 24-h treatment, pigs were monitored to assess FI, and samples of serum and faeces were collected to investigate serum profile, microbial composition and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The results showed that HS decreased (P < 0·05) FI compared with the TN group. Compared with TN group, HS changed the serum profile by affecting biochemical parameters and hormones related with energy metabolism and stress response; immune indicators were also altered in HS group. Most of changes in serum profile were independent of FI reduction. Additionally, HS shifted the diversity and composition of faecal microbial community by increasing (P < 0·05) Proteobacteria and decreasing (P < 0·05) Bacteroidetes. Moreover, HS decreased (P < 0·05) the concentrations of propionate, butyrate, valerate, iso-valerate and total SCFAs in faeces in an FI-independent manner. Furthermore, the Spearman correlation analysis implied that changes of serum profile have potential correlation with alterations of faecal microbiota and their SCFAs metabolites in acute HS-treated grow-finishing pigs. CONCLUSIONS Metabolism disorders caused by 24-h acute HS associated with changes of faecal microbiota and their SCFAs metabolites in an FI-independent manner in grow-finishing pigs. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These results give us a new insight of the intestinal damage caused by acute HS and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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