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Luo C, Ye Y, Lv A, Zuo W, Yang Y, Jiang C, Ke J. The impact of Astragaloside IV on the inflammatory response and gut microbiota in cases of acute lung injury is examined through the utilization of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305058. [PMID: 38954702 PMCID: PMC11218977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a natural triterpenoid saponin compound with a variety of pharmacological effects, and several studies have clarified its anti-inflammatory effects, which may make it an effective alternative treatment against inflammation. In the study, we aimed to investigate whether AS-IV could attenuate the inflammatory response to acute lung injury and its mechanisms. METHODS Different doses of AS-IV (20mg·kg-1, 40mg·kg-1, and 80mg·kg-1) were administered to the ALI rat model, followed by collection of serum and broncho alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for examination of the inflammatory response, and HE staining of the lung and colon tissues, and interpretation of the potential molecular mechanisms by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting (WB). In addition, fecal samples from ALI rats were collected and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS AS-IV decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in serum and BALF of mice with Acute lung injury (ALI). Lung and colon histopathology confirmed that AS-IV alleviated inflammatory infiltration, tissue edema, and structural changes. qRT-PCR and WB showed that AS-IV mainly improved inflammation by inhibiting the expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR mRNA, and improved the disorder of intestinal microflora by increasing the number of beneficial bacteria and reducing the number of harmful bacteria. CONCLUSION AS-IV reduces the expression of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and optimizes the composition of the gut microflora in AIL rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- Clinical College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanhang Ye
- Clinical College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Anqi Lv
- Clinical College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanzhao Zuo
- Clinical College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Ke
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Wang X, Geng Z, Bao Y, Zhong J, Ma J, Cui X, Shi Y. Shufeng Jiedu capsule alleviates influenza A (H1N1) virus induced acute lung injury by regulating the lung inflammatory microenvironment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33237. [PMID: 39021925 PMCID: PMC11252743 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Death caused by respiratory tract infection is one of the leading causes of death in the world today. Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used clinically for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), H1N1 influenza virus pneumonia and other diseases. Its pharmacological effect is to inhibit inflammation and improve the body's ability to clear viruses. However, the mechanism of SFJDC in the treatment of viral pneumonia, especially its effect on the inflammatory-immune microenvironment of lung tissue remains unclear. Methods Mice with H1N1 influenza virus pneumonia were used as a model to verify the efficacy of SFJDC through death protection, lung index, viral load, and HE staining of lung tissue. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in lung tissue were investigated by multi-analyte immunoassay. The number and proportion of cells in peripheral blood were detected by blood routine. The percentage of infiltrating immune cells in lung tissue was detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Results SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1 and 1.1 g/kg·d-1) increased survival rate (P<0.01, P<0.05), prolonged the survival period of mice, and alleviated the histopathological damage in lung (P<0.01). SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1, 1.1 g/kg·d-1 and 0.055 g/kg·d-1) increased body weight(P<0.01, P<0.05), improved activity status, reduced the lung index (P<0.01, P<0.05) and viral load (P<0.01). SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1 and 1.1 g/kg·d-1) reduced interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18(IL-18), tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) (P<0.01, P<0.05), and SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1) increased IL-10 levels (P<0.05) to regulate inflammation. SFJDC (2.2 g/kg·d-1) increased the percentages of CD4+ T cells (P<0.01), CD8+ T cells (P<0.05), and B cells(P<0.05), and decreased F4/80+ macrophages (P<0.05). Conclusion Our findings indicated that SFJDC could inhibit inflammation and lung injury while maintaining the function of the adaptive immune response mediated by T and B cells, and promote the clearance of the virus, thereby treating influenza A (H1N1) virus-induced pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Zihan Geng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Yanyan Bao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Juying Zhong
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
| | - Yujing Shi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100025, China
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Zhang YJ, Liu GJ, Zhang H, Liu C, Chen ZQ, Xian JS, Song DL, Liu Z, Yang X, Wang J, Zhang Z, Zhang LY, Feng H, Zhang YQ, Tan L. Effectiveness of Lianhua Qingwen Granule and Jingyin Gubiao Prescription in Omicron BA.2 Infection and Hospitalization: A Real-World Study of 56,244 Cases in Shanghai, China. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3901-7. [PMID: 38910189 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3901-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of Chinese medicine (CM) Lianhua Qingwen Granule (LHQW) and Jingyin Gubiao Prescription (JYGB) in asymptomatic or mild patients with Omicron infection in the shelter hospital. METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted in the largest shelter hospital in Shanghai, China, from April 10, 2022 to May 30, 2022. A total of 56,244 asymptomatic and mild Omicron cases were included and divided into 4 groups, i.e., non-administration group (23,702 cases), LHQW group (11,576 cases), JYGB group (12,112 cases), and dual combination of LHQW and JYGB group (8,854 cases). The length of stay (LOS) in the hospital was used to assess the effectiveness of LHQW and JYGB treatment on Omicron infection. RESULTS Patients aged 41-60 years, with nadir threshold cycle (CT) value of N gene <25, or those fully vaccinated preferred to receive CM therapy. Before or after propensity score matching (PSM), the multiple linear regression showed that LHQW and JYGB treatment were independent influence factors of LOS (both P<0.001). After PSM, there were significant differences in LOS between the LHQW/JYGB combination and the other groups (P<0.01). The results of factorial design ANOVA proved that the LHQW/JYGB combination therapy synergistically shortened LOS (P=0.032). CONCLUSIONS Patients with a nadir CT value <25 were more likely to accept CM. The LHQW/JYGB combination therapy could shorten the LOS of Omicron-infected individuals in an isolated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Guo-Jian Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ji-Shu Xian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Da-Li Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 519000, China
| | - Lu-Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yan-Qi Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Liang Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Trinh DTT, Tran AH, Bui MMP, Kieu TX, Nguyen VD, Thuy NHL, Thai KM, Vuong NL. Efficacy of Shen Cao Gan Jiang Tang on Non-severe COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e62380. [PMID: 39006557 PMCID: PMC11246756 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the face of the escalating COVID-19 pandemic amid shortages of medications and vaccines, a Vietnamese herbal formula known as Shen Cao Gan Jiang Tang (SCGJT) has been put into use for non-severe COVID-19 patients. This study aims to assess its efficacy and safety. Methods A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 300 patients with non-severe COVID-19, randomly assigned into two groups: 150 receiving standard care (control group) and 150 receiving additional SCGJT for 10 days (SCGJT group). Time to resolution of symptoms, symptom severity, disease progression, time to discharge, the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) score, usage of Western drugs, time to viral clearance, and safety outcomes were continuously monitored. Results The SCGJT group exhibited faster symptom resolution (median: 9 vs. 13 days) and improved symptom severity, including cough, fatigue, hypogeusia, muscle aches, nasal congestion, runny nose, and sore throat, compared to the control group. Although there was a lower rate of severe progression in the SCGJT group (0.7% vs. 4.7%), the difference was not statistically significant. The time to discharge was significantly shorter in the SCGJT group (median: 7 vs. 8 days). Changes in the NEWS2 score did not show significant differences between groups. SCGJT has been demonstrated to reduce the need for symptomatic relief medications and hasten SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance. No adverse events were reported, and routine tests showed no significant differences. Conclusions SCGJT is safe and has potential clinical efficacy in non-severe COVID-19 patients. However, data regarding preventing severe progression remains inconclusive. Further studies should be conducted in light of the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - An Hoa Tran
- Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
- University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Branch 3, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
| | - Minh-Man Pham Bui
- Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
- University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Branch 3, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
| | - Thy Xuan Kieu
- Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
- University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City, Branch 3, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
| | - Van-Dan Nguyen
- Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
| | - Nguyen Huu Lac Thuy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
| | - Khac-Minh Thai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
| | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
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Lu CL, Yang LQ, Jin XY, Friedemann T, Li YF, Liu XH, Chen XY, Zou XY, Zhang BR, Wang FX, Lin YL, Tang YM, Cao ML, Jiang YL, Gao YF, Liu K, Tao ZG, Robinson N, Schröder S, Liu JP, Lu HZ. Chinese herbal medicine Shufeng Jiedu capsule for mild to moderate COVID-19: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1383831. [PMID: 38863976 PMCID: PMC11165997 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1383831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound global impact, although the majority of recently infected cases have presented with mild to moderate symptoms. Previous clinical studies have demonstrated that Shufeng Jiedu (SFJD) capsule, a Chinese herbal patent medicine, effectively alleviates symptoms associated with the common cold, H1N1 influenza, and COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of SFJD capsules in managing symptoms of mild to moderate COVID-19 infection. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted from May to December 2022 at two hospitals in China. Mild and moderate COVID-19-infected patients presenting respiratory symptoms within 3 days from onset were randomly assigned to either the SFJD or placebo groups in a 1:1 ratio. Individuals received SFJD capsules or a placebo three times daily for five consecutive days. Participants were followed up for more than 14 days after their RT-PCR nucleoid acid test for SARS-CoV-2 turned negative. The primary outcome measure was time to alleviate COVID-19 symptoms from baseline until the end of follow-up. Results: A total of 478 participants were screened; ultimately, 407 completed the trial after randomization (SFJD, n = 203; placebo, n = 204). No statistically significant difference in baseline parameters was observed between the two groups. The median time to alleviate all symptoms was 7 days in the SFJD group compared to 8 days in the placebo group (p = 0.037). Notably, the SFJD group significantly attenuated fever/chills (p = 0.04) and headache (p = 0.016) compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, the median time taken to reach normal body temperature within 24 h was reduced by 7 hours in the SFJD group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.033). No deaths or instances of serious or critical conditions occurred during this trial period; moreover, no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: The trial was conducted in a unique controlled hospital setting, and the 5-day treatment with SFJD capsules resulted in a 1-day reduction in overall symptoms, particularly headache and fever/chills, among COVID-19-infected participants with mild or moderate symptoms. Compared to placebo, SFJD capsules were found to be safe with fewer side effects. SFJD capsules could potentially serve as an effective treatment for alleviating mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19. Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.isrctn.com/, identifier ISRCTN14236594.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-li Lu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liu-qing Yang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-yan Jin
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yu-fei Li
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-han Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-ying Chen
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-yun Zou
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bing-rui Zhang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-xiang Wang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan-long Lin
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi-min Tang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meng-li Cao
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Kui Liu
- The People’s Hospital of Bozhou, Bozhou, China
| | - Zhen-gang Tao
- Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nicola Robinson
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jian-ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-zhou Lu
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Ho WY, Shen ZH, Chen Y, Chen TH, Lu X, Fu YS. Therapeutic implications of quercetin and its derived-products in COVID-19 protection and prophylactic. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30080. [PMID: 38765079 PMCID: PMC11098804 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel human coronavirus, which has triggered a global pandemic of the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases continue to challenge human health worldwide. The virus conquers human cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor-driven pathway by mostly targeting the human respiratory tract. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid widely represented in the plant kingdom. Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that quercetin and its derivatives have various pharmacological properties including anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-microbial, antiviral, neuroprotective, and cardio-protective effects, because it is a potential treatment for severe inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, it is the main life-threatening condition in patients with COVID-19. This article provides a comprehensive review of the primary literature on the predictable effectiveness of quercetin and its derivatives docked to multi-target of SARS-CoV-2 and host cells via in silico and some of validation through in vitro, in vivo, and clinically to fight SARS-CoV-2 infections, contribute to the reduction of inflammation, which suggests the preventive and therapeutic latency of quercetin and its derived-products against COVID-19 pandemic, multisystem inflammatory syndromes (MIS), and long-COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yi Ho
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Han Shen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Yijing Chen
- Department of Dentisty, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Ting-Hsu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - XiaoLin Lu
- Anatomy Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
- Anatomy Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, Fujian, China
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Zhu W, Wang F, Hu C, Zhao Q, Zhang D, Wang X, Hu B, Li J. GTS-21 attenuates ACE/ACE2 ratio and glycocalyx shedding in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by targeting macrophage polarization derived ADAM-17. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111603. [PMID: 38310766 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) has received considerable attention in intensive care owing to its high mortality rate. It has been demonstrated that the selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist Gainesville Tokushima scientists (GTS)-21 is promising for treating ALI caused by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the potential efficacy of GTS-21 in the treatment of ALI. We developed mouse models of ALI and alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2s) injury following treatment with LPS and different polarized macrophage supernatants, respectively. Pathological changes, pulmonary edema, and lung compliance were assessed. Inflammatory cells count, protein content, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were analysed in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, syndecan-1 (SDC-1), heparan sulphate (HS), heparanase (HPA), exostosin (EXT)-1, and NF-κB were tested in lung tissues and cells. GTS-21-induced changes in macrophage polarization were verified in vivo and in vitro. Polarized macrophage supernatants with or without recombination a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM-17) and small interfering (si)RNA ADAM-17 were used to verify the role of ADAM-17 in AT2 injury. By reducing pathological alterations, lung permeability, inflammatory response, ACE/ACE2 ratio, and glycocalyx shedding, as well as by downregulating the HPA and NF-κB pathways and upregulating EXT1 expression in vivo, GTS-21 significantly diminished LPS-induced ALI compared to that of the LPS group. GTS-21 significantly attenuated macrophage M1 polarization and augmented M2 polarization in vitro and in vivo. The destructive effects of M1 polarization supernatant can be inhibited by GTS-21 and siRNA ADAM-17. GTS-21 exerted a protective effect against LPS-induced ALI, which was reversed by recombinant ADAM-17. Collectively, GTS-21 alleviates LPS-induced ALI by attenuating AT2s ACE/ACE2 ratio and glycocalyx shedding through the inhibition of macrophage M1 polarization derived ADAM-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Chang Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China.
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8
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Liu L, Kapralov M, Ashton M. Plant-derived compounds as potential leads for new drug development targeting COVID-19. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1522-1554. [PMID: 38281731 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19, which was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, China, is a respiratory illness caused by a virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although some patients infected with COVID-19 can remain asymptomatic, most experience a range of symptoms that can be mild to severe. Common symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, loss of taste or smell and muscle aches. In severe cases, complications can arise including pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ failure and even death, particularly in older adults or individuals with underlying health conditions. Treatments for COVID-19 include remdesivir, which has been authorised for emergency use in some countries, and dexamethasone, a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation in severe cases. Biological drugs including monoclonal antibodies, such as casirivimab and imdevimab, have also been authorised for emergency use in certain situations. While these treatments have improved the outcome for many patients, there is still an urgent need for new treatments. Medicinal plants have long served as a valuable source of new drug leads and may serve as a valuable resource in the development of COVID-19 treatments due to their broad-spectrum antiviral activity. To date, various medicinal plant extracts have been studied for their cellular and molecular interactions, with some demonstrating anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in vitro. This review explores the evaluation and potential therapeutic applications of these plants against SARS-CoV-2. This review summarises the latest evidence on the activity of different plant extracts and their isolated bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2, with a focus on the application of plant-derived compounds in animal models and in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiu Liu
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Maxim Kapralov
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Mark Ashton
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
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Xu Y, Bao L, Cao S, Pang B, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Sun Q, Zhao R, Guo S, Sun J, Cui X. Pharmacological effects and mechanism of Maxing Shigan decoction in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117424. [PMID: 37984543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Maxing Shigan Decoction (MXSG) is a traditional Chinese Medicine effectively used in respiratory infections and bacterial pneumonia. However, the mechanism of MXSG treating acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) pneumonia is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of MXSG on acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia and explore its potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS HPLC-MS analysis was performed to analyze the chemical composition. Antibacterial effects in vitro were evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Forty-five male BALB/c mice were divided into control group, model group, levofloxacin group, MXSG-L (7.7 g/kg/d), and MXSG-H group (15.4 g/kg/d). Mice were intranasal instillation with P. aeruginosa to induce acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia model. Levofloxacin and MXSG were administered by oral gavage once a day. After 3 days of treatment, the lung index measurement, micro-CT, arterial blood gas analysis, bacteria load determination, and HE staining were performed. Network pharmacological analysis and transcriptome sequencing were employed to predict the potential mechanisms of MXSG on bacterial pneumonia. The expressions of relating genes were detected by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and RT-PCR. RESULTS In vitro, MIC of P. aeruginosa is greater than 500 mg/mL. In the treatment of acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia model, MXSG significantly improved body weight loss, lung index, and pulmonary lesions. MXSG treatment also reduced the bacterial load and ameliorated oxygen saturation significantly. Transcriptomes, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and RT-PCR analysis showed MXSG treating acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia through the IL-17 signaling pathway and HIF-1α/IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the efficacy and mechanism of MXSG in the treatment of acute P. aeruginosa pneumonia, which provides a scientific basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Lei Bao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shan Cao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Bo Pang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jingsheng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Mengping Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiyue Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaolan Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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He Z, Yuan J, Zhang Y, Li R, Mo M, Wang Y, Ti H. Recent advances towards natural plants as potential inhibitors of SARS-Cov-2 targets. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1186-1210. [PMID: 37605622 PMCID: PMC10446791 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2241518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still ongoing and currently the most striking epidemic disease. With the rapid global spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants, new antivirals are urgently needed to avert a more serious crisis. Inhibitors from traditional medicines or natural plants have shown promising results to fight COVID-19 with different mechanisms of action. OBJECTIVES To provide comprehensive and promising approaches to the medical community in the fight against this epidemic by reviewing potential plant-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. METHODS Structural databases such as TCMSP (http://lsp.nwu.edu.cn/tcmsp.php), TCM Database @ Taiwan (http://tcm.cmu.edu.tw/), BATMAN-TCM (http://bionet.ncpsb.org/batman-tcm/) and TCMID (http://www.megabionet.org/tcmid/), as well as PubMed, Sci Finder, Research Gate, Science Direct, CNKI, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles on TCMs and natural products against SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS Seven traditional Chinese medicines formulas have unique advantages in regulating the immune system for treating COVID-19. The plant-derived natural compounds as anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors were identified based on 5 SARS-CoV-2 key proteins, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), 3 C-like protease (3CLpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), spike (S) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein. CONCLUSIONS A variety of natural products, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and alkaloids, were identified, which could be used as potential SASR-Cov-2 inhibitors. These shed new light on the efficient discovery of SASR-Cov-2 inhibitors from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouman He
- School of Chinese Medicinal Resource, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yuan
- School of Chinese Medicinal Resource, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuanwen Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicinal Resource, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Runfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Meilan Mo
- School of Chinese Medicinal Resource, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Ti
- School of Chinese Medicinal Resource, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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11
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Bastos CIM, Dani C, Cechinel LR, da Silva Neves AH, Rasia FB, Bianchi SE, da Silveira Loss E, Lamers ML, Meirelles G, Bassani VL, Siqueira IR. Achyrocline satureioides as an adjuvant therapy for the management of mild viral respiratory infections in the context of COVID-19: Preliminary results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, and open-label clinical trial. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5354-5365. [PMID: 37583121 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the impact of an Achyrocline satureioides inflorescence infusion on the clinical outcomes of viral respiratory infections, including those caused by SARS-CoV-2, in a monocentric, randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients with symptoms of viral respiratory infection, including suspected cases of COVID-19, were included and assigned to receive either A. satureioides (n = 57) or Malus domestica (n = 67) infusions twice a day for 14 days. All participants were included before the RT-PCR results, performed using a nasopharyngeal swab. The patients were further divided into subgroups according to real-time polymerase chain reaction results: SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative subgroups for statistical analyses. We assessed clinical outcomes, such as the latency to resolution of cough, dyspnea, fever, sore throat, chest pain, smell and taste dysfunctions, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite; hospitalization; and mortality with questionnaires and medical records. The subjects that received early A. satureioides infusion showed a significant reduction in the average number of days with respiratory and neurological symptoms compared with the control group (M. domestica infusion). We conclude that A. satureioides is a safe agent and, in combination with standard care, improves viral respiratory infection symptoms, especially those related to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherina Isdra Moszkowicz Bastos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Laura Reck Cechinel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Arthur Hipolito da Silva Neves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Briato Rasia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sara Elis Bianchi
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eloisa da Silveira Loss
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Meirelles
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Guan X, Jin L, Zhou H, Chen J, Wan H, Bao Y, Yang J, Yu D, Wan H. Polydatin prevent lung epithelial cell from Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae injury by inhibiting biofilm formation and oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17736. [PMID: 37853059 PMCID: PMC10584862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) causes severe inflammation in various infectious diseases, such as bloodstream infections, respiratory and urinary tract infections, which leads to high mortality. Polydatin (PD), an active ingredient of Yinhuapinggan granule, has attracted worldwide attention for its powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antibacterial capacity. However, very little is known about the effect of PD on CRKP. In this research, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of PD on both the bacterial level and the bacterial-cell co-culture level on anti-biofilm and efflux pumps and the other was the inhibitory effect on apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) after CRKP induction. Additionally, we validated the mechanism of action by qRT-PCR and western blot in human lung epithelial cells. Firstly, PD was observed to have an inhibitory effect on the biofilm of CRKP and the efflux pump AcrAB-TolC. Mechanically, CRKP not only inhibited the activation of Nuclear Factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf-2) but also increased the level of ROS in cells. These results showed that PD could inhibit ROS and activate Nrf-2 production. Together, our research demonstrated that PD inhibited bacterial biofilm formation and efflux pump AcrAB-TolC expression and inhibited CRKP-induced cell damage by regulating ROS and Nrf-2-regulated antioxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Guan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Jin
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haofang Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yida Bao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Daojun Yu
- Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Xia R, Fei Y, Zhang L, Jie Z, Fan X, Dai M, Moore M, Willcox M, Hu X, Francis N, Liang C, Fei G, Liu J. Shufeng Jiedu capsule for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a protocol of multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070864. [PMID: 37775286 PMCID: PMC10546128 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Published clinical trials suggest that the Chinese patent herbal medicine Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJD) is safe and may be effective for treating acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). However, these effects have been reported with low or very low certainty evidence. This trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of SFJD for AECOPD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is designed as a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Three hundred patients with moderate or severe hospitalised AECOPD will be recruited in Beijing, Shanghai and Hefei. Participants will be randomly assigned to SFJD and usual care or placebo and usual care at a ratio of 1:1. SFJD and placebo will be administered orally four capsules three times daily for 7 consecutive days followed by an 8-week follow-up period. The primary outcome will be COPD symptom severity as measured by the EXAcerbation of Chronic Pulmonary Disease Tool score. Secondary outcomes include clinical symptoms, quality of life, length of hospital stay, a total dose of antibiotics, the frequency of recurrence of AECOPD, haematological biomarkers, death and adverse events. This study will answer the question of whether SFJD was safe to use and will improve symptoms in people with AECOPD, and will therefore reduce the necessity for antibiotics, the risk and duration of admission to hospital, and the risk of recurrence. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The ethics committee of the first affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine affiliated Dongzhimen hospital and fifth people's hospital of Shanghai Fudan University approved the study protocol. Informed written consent will be obtained from all the participants. The results of this trial will be disseminated at academic conferences and in peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN99049821.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Xia
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Fei
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Respiratory Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Jie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Fan
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Critical Care, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Michael Moore
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Xiaoyang Hu
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nick Francis
- Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Changhao Liang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghe Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Fan L, Ding X. Potential Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on COVID-19 and Cardiac Injury: Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:2863-2872. [PMID: 37771609 PMCID: PMC10522495 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s424078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern" from 30 January 2020 to 5 May 2023. While battling Coronavirus disease 2019, the Chinese government has actively promoted the collaborative treatment model of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, and clinical and scientific research has applied appropriate and rigorous methodology. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection may damage the cardiovascular system via an unclarified pathogenic mechanism. The National Health Commission of China recommends 'three formulas and three medicines' for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019, which have been shown to be most effective in the treatments. Data from randomized controlled trials of 'three formulas and three medicines' suggested that the traditional Chinese medicine is safe and can alleviate the symptoms of cardiac injury. Therefore, we further evaluate the benefits and safety of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for Coronavirus disease 2019 patients with cardiac injury across the care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular, Yellow River Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Ding
- Department of Medical, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Giang TV, Hoa LNM, Hien TT, Cuong QD, Cap NT, Lam Vuong N, Thach PN. Traditional Vietnamese Medicine Containing Garlic Extract for Patients With Non-severe COVID-19: A Phase-II, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2023; 15:e42484. [PMID: 37637574 PMCID: PMC10452047 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still ongoing with the omicron variant. Low-cost, effective treatments are still needed, particularly in low-to-middle-income countries. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of TD0068, an herbal medicine developed from mainly garlic, for patients with non-severe COVID-19. Methods This is a phase-II, double-blind, randomized controlled trial to compare oral capsule TD0068 and placebo in adults aged 18-65 years with non-severe COVID-19 between September and October 2021. The efficacy outcomes measured included daily cycle threshold (Ct) value from the time of the initial reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, time to viral clearance, daily symptom severity score from 15 symptoms of interest, time to symptom resolution, and progression to severe/critical COVID-19. Safety outcomes included adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Results Sixty patients were randomized (31 received TD0068, and 29 received a placebo). The two groups were balanced in baseline characteristics: mean age was 39 years, and female was predominant (66%). Daily Ct value (median on days 3, 5, 7, and 9 was 25.7, 30.8, 35.4, and 37.6 in the TD0068 group, and 26.4, 31.2, 36.0, and 37.4 in the placebo group, respectively) and time to viral clearance (median: 10 vs. 11 days in TD0068 and placebo groups) were similar between groups. Daily symptom severity score (median on days 3, 5, 7, and 9 was 2, 2, 1, and 0 in the TD0068 group, and 3, 2, 1, and 1 in the placebo group), and time to symptom resolution (median: seven vs. nine days, respectively) were also comparable between groups. No SAE occurred in the study. Conclusions TD0068 is safe but does not show an effect for non-severe COVID-19 patients. Further research is needed to explore the potential benefits of garlic in other forms or dosages for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Van Giang
- Department of Viral and Parasitic Diseases, National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, VNM
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, VNM
| | - Le Nguyen Minh Hoa
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, VNM
| | - Tran Thi Hien
- Department of Viral and Parasitic Diseases, National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, VNM
| | - Quach Duy Cuong
- Department of Viral and Parasitic Diseases, National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, VNM
| | - Nguyen Trung Cap
- Emergency Department, National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, VNM
| | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, VNM
| | - Pham Ngoc Thach
- Emergency Department, National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, VNM
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16
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Han Y, Xu J, Zhu Q, Yang L, Wang Y, Luo H, Zhang T. Study on basic and clinical application of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule in treating respiratory tract infection. Chin Med 2023; 18:45. [PMID: 37098552 PMCID: PMC10127947 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00749-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC), composed of eight herbs, is a big brand traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of different respiratory tract infectious diseases with good clinical efficacy and few side effects. It is clinically applied to acute upper respiratory tract infection(URI), influenza, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) and other diseases, due to its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory and antipyretic activities. In particular, it has shown good clinical effects for COVID-19, and was included in the fourth to tenth editions of the 'Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial)' by the National Health Commission. In recent years, studies on the secondary development which focus on the basic and clinical application of SFJDC have been widely reported. In this paper, chemical components, pharmacodynamic material basis, mechanisms, compatibility rule and clinical application were systematically summarized, in order to provide theoretical and experimental basis for further research and clinical application of SFJDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui, China
| | - Li Yang
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Bozhou, 236800, Anhui, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China.
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, China.
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Pan B, Yin HW, Yu Y, Xiang X, Yu C, Yan XJ, Zhai XF, Bai Y, Hong J. Acceptance and attitude towards the traditional chinese medicine among asymptomatic COVID-19 patients in Shanghai Fangcang hospital. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:97. [PMID: 36997922 PMCID: PMC10061361 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought severe damage to global health and socioeconomics. In China, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the most important complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and it has shown a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. However, it is unknown whether patients are willing to accept TCM treatment. The objective of our study is to investigate the acceptance, attitude, and independent predictors of TCM among asymptomatic COVID-19 patients admitted to Shanghai fangcang hospital during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai in 2022.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on asymptomatic COVID-19 patients in the largest fangcang hospital in Shanghai, China, from April 22, 2022, to May 25, 2022. Based on the literature review of previous similar studies, a self-report questionnaire was developed to assess the patients’ attitude and acceptance of TCM, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent predictors of TCM acceptance.
Results
A total of 1,121 patients completed the survey, of whom 91.35% were willing to accept CAM treatment whereas 8.65% of participants showed no willingness. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the patients who have received two doses of COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 2.069, 95%CI: 1.029–4.162, P = 0.041 vs. not received), understood the culture of TCM (OR = 2.293, 95%CI: 1.029–4.162, P = 0.014 vs. not understood), thought the TCM treatment is safe (OR = 2.856, 95%CI: 1.334–6.112, P = 0.007 vs. not thought), thought the TCM treatment is effective (OR = 2.724, 95%CI: 1.249–5.940, P = 0.012 vs. not thought), and those who informed their attending physician if using TCM for treatment (OR = 3.455, 95%CI:1.867–6.392, P < 0.001 vs. not informed) were more likely to accept TCM treatment. However, patients who thought TCM might delay your treatment (OR = 0.256, 95%CI: 0.142–0.462, P < 0.001 not thought) was an independent predictor for unwillingness to accept TCM treatment.
Conclusion
This study preliminarily investigated the acceptance, attitude, and predictors of intention to receive TCM among asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. It is recommended to increase the publicity of TCM, clarify the impact of TCM and communicate with attending doctors that meet the healthcare needs of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients.
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Loc HN, Lan TTN, Huong DTL, Tuyen NT, Quang TM, Dao LM, Vuong NL. Effectiveness of traditional Vietnamese medicine Kovir capsule in adults with mild COVID-19: A propensity score-matched study. Phytother Res 2023; 37:777-780. [PMID: 36357349 PMCID: PMC9877752 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nguyen Loc
- Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Truong Thi Ngoc Lan
- Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Thi Lan Huong
- Department of Training, Scientific Researching, Health Activities Direction, Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tuyen
- Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Minh Quang
- General Medicine Department, Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ly Minh Dao
- Department of Training, Scientific Researching, Health Activities Direction, Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Zhang B, Pei W, Cai P, Wang Z, Qi F. Recent advances in Chinese patent medicines entering the international market. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 16:258-272. [PMID: 36543180 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2022.01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As an indispensable part of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Chinese patent medicines have played an important role in preventing and treating diseases in China. Since they are easy to use, easy to store, and cost-effective, Chinese patent medicines have been generally accepted and widely used in Chinese clinical practice as a vital medical resource. In recent years, as TCM has developed and it has been accepted around the world, many Chinese patent medicine companies have gained international market access and successfully registered several Chinese patent medicines as over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription drugs in regions and countries that primarily use Western medicine such as the EU, Russia, Canada, Singapore, and Vietnam. Moreover, several Chinese patent medicines have been obtained the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval conducting phase II or III clinical trials in the US. The current work has focused on several Chinese patent medicines that have been successfully registered or that have been submitted for registration abroad. Summarized here are recent advances in the efficacy and molecular mechanisms of these Chinese patent medicines to treat respiratory infectious diseases (Lianhua Qingwen capsules, Jinhua Qinggan granules, and Shufeng Jiedu Capsules), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (Compound Danshen Dripping Pills, Huatuo Zaizao pills, and Tongxinluo Capsules), cancers (a Kanglaite injection and a Shenqi Fuzheng Injection), and gynecological diseases (Guizhi Fuling Capsules). The hope is that this review will contribute to a better understanding of Chinese patent medicines by people around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Wenjian Pei
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Pingping Cai
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Zhixue Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Fanghua Qi
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
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20
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Zhang X, Dias ACP, Lopes NP. Editorial: Edible and medicinal plants: From ethnopharmacological practices to interdisciplinary approaches and regulations. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1074511. [PMID: 36588720 PMCID: PMC9800969 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1074511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China,Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Xiaoying Zhang,
| | - Alberto C. P. Dias
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos (NPPNS), Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, RibeirãoPreto, SãoPaulo, Brazil
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21
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Chen H, Cheng Y, Du H, Zhang C, Zhou Y, Zhao Z, Li Y, Friedemann T, Mei J, Schröder S, Chen M. Shufeng Jiedu capsule ameliorates olfactory dysfunction via the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154426. [PMID: 36116201 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC) has been widely used as a conventional Chinese pharmaceutical agent for various upper respiratory infections, including acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome and allergic rhinitis (AR). However, its mechanism in AR remains unclear. PURPOSE The present study aimed to decipher the antiallergic inflammatory effect of SFJDC in an AR model with olfactory dysfunction. Specifically, we wanted to explore whether SFJDC can improve the olfactory abnormality in AR mice and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB). METHODS To address the above issues, we constructed an AR model using C57BL/6 mice, which were sensitised and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection. SFJDC (0.045 or 0.18 g/kg) was delivered by gavage administration 1 h prior to the intraperitoneal injection of OVA. The control mice received saline alone. Then, the animals were assessed according to the presence of nasal symptoms and nasal inflammation, and a buried food test was used to evaluate olfactory function. The levels of proteins involved in the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway in the OE and OB were investigated by western blotting and fluorescence staining. RESULTS After OVA induction of AR and drug administration, we found that SFJDC significantly ameliorated the nasal symptoms and allergic inflammatory reaction of the nasal mucosa superior to cetirizine. A behavioural test indicated that the mice with AR had olfactory dysfunction, and SFJDC can ameliorate this behavior deficiency. Meanwhile, SFJDC clearly reduced the neuroinflammation level in OE tissue. In addition, SFJDC increased p-mTOR and decreased p-AMPK, beclin1, LC3 and cleaved caspase-3 levels in the OE. CONCLUSIONS In addition to antibacterial and antiviral activities, SFJDC has marked anti-inflammatory effects in AR mice. Its mechanism of action in the nasal cavity involves inhibition of upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of autophagy and apoptosis levels and regulation of autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway in the OE tissue of AR mice. Hence, SFJDC is a promising drug for AR, and clinical trials should further validate the therapeutic impact of SFJDC on AR with olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yujie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongmei Du
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhentao Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jinyu Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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22
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Cai J, Wang YL, Sheng XD, Zhang L, Lv X. Shufeng Jiedu capsule inhibits inflammation and apoptosis by activating A2AAR and inhibiting NF-κB to alleviate LPS-induced ALI. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115661. [PMID: 36002086 PMCID: PMC9392900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC) is a pure form of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that contains eight medicinal plants. Known for its anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects, it is mostly used to treat upper respiratory tract infections and other infectious diseases, such as colds, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and tonsillitis. Both acute lung injury (ALI) and COVID-19 are closely related to lung damage, primarily manifesting as lung inflammation and epithelial cell damage. However, whether SFJDC can improve ALI and by what mechanism remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore whether SFJDC could be used as a prophylactic treatment for COVID-19 by improving acute lung injury. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to determine whether SFJDC could protect against ALI caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and we wanted to determine how SFJDC reduces inflammation and apoptosis pharmacologically and molecularly. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preadministering SFJDC at 0.1 g/kg, 0.3 g/kg, or 0.5 g/kg for one week was followed by 5 mg/kg LPS to induce ALI in mice. Observations included the study of lung histomorphology, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, as well as the ratio of lung wet/dry weights. In addition, RAW264.7 cells were treated for 24 h with 1 μg/mL LPS after being pretreated for 1 h with 0.5 mg/mL SFJDC. In the samples, we detected TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Cell apoptosis was detected by stimulating A549 cells for 24 h with RAW264.7 supernatant. Both in vitro and in vivo, the levels of A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAR), PKA, IκB, p-IκB, NF-κB P65 (P65), p-NF-κB P65 (p-P65), cleaved caspases-3 (Cc3), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) proteins were determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Lung tissue morphology was improved as SFJDC decreased cytokine secretion, the ratio of lung wet/dry weights, and lung tissue secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The expression of A2AAR was increased by SFJDC, and the phosphorylation of NF-κB was inhibited. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry showed that SFJDC inhibited apoptosis by reducing the expression of Cc3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, SFJDC can reduce inflammation and inhibit apoptosis. A2AAR activation and regulation of NF-κB expression are thought to make SFJDC anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic. A wide range of active ingredients may result in an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect with SFJDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Cai
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Yu-Lian Wang
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sheng
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Institute of Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunological Drugs, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China.
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23
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Sheng X, Chen C, Jiang G, Ji Z, Guo Z, Hu H, Wang H, Zhai J, Zhang D, Zhang J, Guo L. The add-on effect of Shufeng Jiedu capsule for treating COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1020286. [PMID: 36325392 PMCID: PMC9620801 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJD) is a commonly used Chinese patent medicine in China. Some studies have reported that SFJD has therapeutic effects in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the efficacy and safety of SFJD combined with western medicine (WM) for treating COVID-19. Methods A literature search by using WHO COVID-19 database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, CKNI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, and clinical trial registries was conducted, up to 1 August 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, cohort studies and case series of SFJD combined with WM for COVID-19 were included. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers in line with the same criteria. We used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) to assess the certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses were performed with Revman 5.3 if possible. The descriptive analysis was conducted when the studies could not be meta-analyzed. Results Totally 10 studies with 1,083 patients were included. Their methodological quality were moderate. The results demonstrated that compared to WM group, SFJD + WM group remarkably increased the nucleic acid negative conversion rate (RR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.07-1.84), total effective rate (RR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.07-1.31), cure rate (RR = 4.06, 95%CI: 2.19-7.53), and the chest CT improvement rate (RR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.08-1.31), shorten nucleic acid negative conversion time (MD = -0.70, 95%CI: -1.14 to -0.26), reduced the clinical symptom disappearance time (fever, diarrhea, cough, fatigue, pharyngalgia, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea), as well as improved the levels of laboratory outcomes (CRP, IL-6, Lym, and Neu). Additionally, the incidence of adverse reactions did not exhibit any statistically significant difference between SFJD + WM group and WM group. Conclusion SFJD combined with WM seems more effective than WM alone for the treatment of COVID-19. However, more well-designed RCTs still are warranted. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42022306307].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Sheng
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Chen
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowang Jiang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaochen Ji
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zehui Guo
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyin Hu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Liping Guo,
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24
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Jug U, Naumoska K, Malovrh T. Japanese Knotweed Rhizome Bark Extract Inhibits Live SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090429. [PMID: 36134975 PMCID: PMC9495978 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a viral infectious respiratory disease, is caused by highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Since very few drugs are known to be effective against SARS-CoV-2, there is a general need for new therapeutics, including plant-based drugs, for the prophylaxis and treatment of infections. In the current study, the activity of a 70% ethanolic(aq) extract of the rhizome bark of Japanese knotweed, an invasive alien plant species, was tested for the first time against the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus using a specific and robust virus neutralization test (VNT) on Vero-E6 cells, which best mimics the mechanism of real virus−host interaction. A statistically significant antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2 (p-value < 0.05) was observed for the 50.8 µg mL−1 extract solution in cell medium. A suitable extract preparation was described to avoid loss of polyphenols throughout filtration of the extract, which was dissolved in cell medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS). The significance of the differences between the sums of the test and control groups in the incidence of cytopathic effects (CPE) was determined using the one-way ANOVA test. A dose−response relationship was observed, with the cytotoxic effect occurring at higher concentrations of the extract (≥101.6 µg mL−1). The obtained results suggest possible use of this plant material for the production of various products (e.g., packaging, hygiene products, biodisinfectants, etc.) that would be useful against the spread of and for self-protection against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urška Jug
- Laboratory for Food Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (U.J.); (K.N.); (T.M.); Tel.: +386-1-4760-521 (U.J. & K.N.); +386-1-4779-824 (T.M.)
| | - Katerina Naumoska
- Laboratory for Food Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (U.J.); (K.N.); (T.M.); Tel.: +386-1-4760-521 (U.J. & K.N.); +386-1-4779-824 (T.M.)
| | - Tadej Malovrh
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (U.J.); (K.N.); (T.M.); Tel.: +386-1-4760-521 (U.J. & K.N.); +386-1-4779-824 (T.M.)
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25
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Yusuf AP, Zhang JY, Li JQ, Muhammad A, Abubakar MB. Herbal medications and natural products for patients with covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: Potentials and challenges. PHYTOMEDICINE PLUS : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 2:100280. [PMID: 35463625 PMCID: PMC9014648 DOI: 10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among COVID-19 patients is associated with increased hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. Evidence has shown that hyperglycemia potentiates SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection and plays a central role in severe COVID-19 and diabetes comorbidity. In this review, we explore the therapeutic potentials of herbal medications and natural products in the management of COVID-19 and DM comorbidity and the challenges associated with the preexisting or concurrent use of these substances. METHODS Research papers that were published from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. Papers reporting clinical evidence of antidiabetic activities and any available evidence of the anti-COVID-19 potential of ten selected natural products were retrieved and analyzed for discussion in this review. RESULTS A total of 548 papers (73 clinical trials on the antidiabetic activities of the selected natural products and 475 research and review articles on their anti-COVID-19 potential) were retrieved from the literature search for further analysis. A total of 517 articles (reviews and less relevant research papers) were excluded. A cumulative sum of thirty-one (31) research papers (20 clinical trials and 10 others) met the criteria and have been discussed in this review. CONCLUSION The findings of this review suggest that phenolic compounds are the most promising phytochemicals in the management of COVID-19 and DM comorbidity. Curcumin and propolis have shown substantial evidence against COVID-19 and DM in humans and are thus, considered the best potential therapeutic options.
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Key Words
- 8-OHDG, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine
- ACE2
- ACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- ADMA, asymmetric de-methyl-arginine
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- COVID-19
- Comorbidity
- DM, diabetes mellitus
- Diabetes
- FBS, fasting blood sugar
- GLUT-4, glucose transporter-4
- GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase-3β
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HOMA, homeostasis model assessment
- Herbal medication
- IAPP, islet amyloid polypeptide
- IFN, interferon
- IFNAR2, interferon-alpha receptor 2
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- Mpro, main protease
- Natural products
- PLpro, papain-like protease
- PON1, paraoxonase-1
- RBD, receptor-binding domain
- RCT, randomized control trial
- RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
- SFJDC, Shufeng Jiedu Capsule
- T1D, type 1 diabetes
- T2D, type 2 diabetes
- TAC, total antioxidant capacity
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease serine 2
- hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Pharmacy Yusuf
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Quan Li
- The first Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 810107, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Murtala Bello Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria
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Reveal the Mechanisms of Yi-Fei-Jian-Pi-Tang on Covid-19 through Network Pharmacology Approach. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:1493137. [PMID: 35855804 PMCID: PMC9288182 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1493137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula Yi-Fei-Jian-Pi-Tang (YFJPT) has been demonstrated effective against Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). The aim of this article is to make a thorough inquiry about its active constituent as well as mechanisms against Covid-19 via TCM network pharmacology. Methods All the ingredients of YFJPT are obtained from the pharmacology database of the TCM system. The genes which are associated with the targets are obtained by utilizing UniProt. The herb-target network is built up by utilizing Cytoscape. The target protein-protein interaction network is built by utilizing the STRING database and Cytoscape. The critical targets of YFJPT are explored by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Results The outcomes show that YFJPT might has 33 therapeutic targets on Covid-19, namely, interleukin 2 (IL2), heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), interleukin 4 (IL4), interferon gamma (FNG), α nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in Bcells inhibitor, alpha (NFKBIA), nuclear factor-k-gene binding (NFKB), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A), mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin 10 (IL10), jun proto-oncogene (JUN), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), tumor protein p53 (TP53), interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL6), erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2), RELA proto-oncogene (RELA), NF-κB subunit, caspase 8 (CASP8), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARA), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), interleukin 1 alpha (IL1A), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), myeloperoxidase (MPO), matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3), matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1), and NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 (NFE2L2). The gene enrichment analysis prompts that YFJPT most likely contributes to patients related to Covid-19 by regulating the pathways of cancers. Conclusions That will lay a foundation for the clinical rational application and further experimental research of YFJPT.
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Zhang XW, Xia RY, Gao JQ, Liu JJ, Xu DH, Li X, Hu XY, Willcox M, Moore M, Dai MY, Trill J, Fei YT, Liu JP. Chinese Patent Medicine Shufeng Jiedu Capsules as an Adjuvant Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:923395. [PMID: 35860018 PMCID: PMC9289368 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.923395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Shufeng Jiedu (SFJD) capsules can be used as adjunctive treatment for patients with community-acquired pneumonia, but the effectiveness and safety of SFJD are not clear. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of SFJD based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wanfang and trial registry platforms from their inception to March 2022. Two reviewers screened studies, extracted the data and assessed risk of bias independently. The data were pooled for meta-analysis or presented narratively. Results: Seventeen RCTs involving 1840 participants were included. All trials compared SFJD plus antibiotics to antibiotics, or combined with symptomatic treatment in both groups. The overall certainty of evidence was assessed as moderate to very low certainty. Compared with routine treatment (antibiotics alone or antibiotics plus symptomatic treatment), SFJD plus routine treatment showed beneficial effects in resolution of fever (MD -1.20 days, 95%CI -1.73 to -0.67; 10 RCTs; very low certainty), cough (MD -1.02 days, 95%CI -1.23 to -0.81; 9 RCTs; moderate certainty), phlegm (MD -1.46 days, 95%CI -2.84 to -0.08; 6 RCTs; very low certainty), pulmonary crepitations (MD -1.61 days, 95%CI -2.64 to -0.59; 8 RCTs; low certainty), shortness of breath (MD -2.80 days, 95%CI -2.88 to -2.72; 2 RCTs; low certainty) and chest pain (MD -2.85 days, 95%CI -3.01 to -2.69; 1 RCT; low certainty). There was no significant difference in pathogen clearance (1 RCT). No serious adverse events were reported, but 2.60% (5/192) patients reported nausea in the SFJD groups, 1.04% (2/192) participants in routine group, and no significant difference was identified. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that adding SFJD may shorten the duration of symptom relief in community-acquired pneumonia for 1-2 days. The adverse events were minor and controllable, and no serious adverse events were reported. Well-reported trials and potential of reducing antibiotics were expected in the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Yu Xia
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Qi Gao
- School of Qi-Huang Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Liu
- School of Qi-Huang Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - De-Hao Xu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Li
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Hu
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Merlin Willcox
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Moore
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Meng-Yuan Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jeanne Trill
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Tong Fei
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM) Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, UiT, the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Zhang J, Liu L, Zhang G, Li M, Ma B, Yang W. Treating patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant with a traditional Chinese medicine, Shufeng Jiedu capsule. Biosci Trends 2022; 16:238-241. [PMID: 35732417 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 mainly develop mild COVID-19, manifesting as upper respiratory symptoms, fatigue, and fever. Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC), a traditional Chinese medicine indicated for treatment of upper respiratory infections in China, was tested for its efficacy and safety in treatment of an Omicron infection at a mobile cabin hospital in response to an outbreak of COVID-19 in Shanghai, China in April 2022. In this open-label, randomized controlled trial, patients in the control group received best supportive care, while those in the test group received additional SFJDC therapy for 7 days. SFJDC markedly alleviated patients' symptoms including a sore throat, coughing, fatigue, and a fever after 7 days of treatment. The virus negative time was significantly shorter in the SFJDC treatment group, but there were no obvious differences in the virus negative rate between the two groups at the end of the 7-day follow-up. These results suggest that patients with the Omicron infection may benefit from SFJDC treatment. Double-blind, randomized controlled trials are warranted to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of SFJDC in a large cohort study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Infection, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Department of Infection, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Bitao Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Loc HN, Lan TTN, Huong DTL, Tuyen NT, Quang TM, Dao LM, Van PH, Vuong NL. Traditional Vietnamese medicine Kovir capsule in patients with mild COVID-19: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2878-2888. [PMID: 35695687 PMCID: PMC9349637 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Kovir capsule, a polyherbal medicine developed from Ren Shen Bai Du San formulation, has been used in various diseases including respiratory infections. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Kovir capsule (TD0069) in the treatment of mild COVID-19 patients. Patients aged from 18 to 65 years who were PCR-confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 and had the mild disease were recruited and randomized to either Kovir capsule (34 patients) or placebo (32 patients) for up to 14 days or until discharge. Efficacy outcomes were time to viral clearance, daily viral load, time to symptom resolution, daily symptom score based on 16 pre-defined symptoms, and progression to severe/critical COVID-19. Safety outcomes were adverse events. Viral load decreased over time similarly in the two groups. Viral clearance time was also similar in both groups (median: 8 days). Kovir group had a more rapid decrease of symptom score and significantly lower time to symptom resolution than placebo (median: 4 vs. 7 days). Two patients in the placebo group developed severe COVID-19. No patient experienced adverse events. Kovir capsule is safe and can improve symptom resolution in mild COVID-19 patients. A large-scale trial is required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nguyen Loc
- Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Truong Thi Ngoc Lan
- Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Thi Lan Huong
- Department of Training, Scientific Researching, Health Activities Direction, Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tuyen
- Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Minh Quang
- General Medicine Department, Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ly Minh Dao
- Department of Training, Scientific Researching, Health Activities Direction, Traditional Medicine Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hung Van
- International Institute of Gene and Immunology (IGI), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Luo W, Ding R, Guo X, Zhan T, Tang T, Fan R, Wang Y. Clinical data mining reveals Gancao-Banxia as a potential herbal pair against moderate COVID-19 by dual binding to IL-6/STAT3. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105457. [PMID: 35366469 PMCID: PMC8957363 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) keeps spreading globally. Chinese medicine (CM) exerts a critical role for the prevention or therapy of COVID-19 in an integrative and holistic way. However, mining and development of early, efficient, multisite binding CMs that inhibit the cytokine storm are imminent. METHODS The formulae were extracted retrospectively from clinical records in Hunan Province. Clinical data mining analysis and association rule analysis were employed for mining the high-frequency herbal pairs and groups from formulae. Network pharmacology methods were applied to initially explore the most critical pair's hub targets, active ingredients, and potential mechanisms. The binding power of active ingredients to the hub targets was verified by molecular docking. RESULTS Eight hundred sixty-two prescriptions were obtained from 320 moderate COVID-19 through the Hunan Provincial Health Commission. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) and Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia) were used with the highest frequency and support. There were 49 potential genes associated with Gancao-Banxia pair against moderate COVID-19 patients. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated that Gancao-Banxia might act via inflammatory response, viral defense, and immune responses signaling pathways. IL-6 and STAT3 were the two most hub targets in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The binding of five active ingredients originated from Gancao-Banxia to IL-6-STAT3 was verified by molecular docking, namely quercetin, coniferin, licochalcone a, Licoagrocarpin and (3S,6S)-3-(benzyl)-6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)piperazine-2,5-quinone, maximizing therapeutic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS This work provided some potential candidate Chinese medicine formulas for moderate COVID-19. Among them, Gancao-Banxia was considered the most potential herbal pair. Bioinformatic data demonstrated that Gancao-Banxia pair may achieve dual inhibition of IL-6-STAT3 via directly interacting with IL-6 and STAT3, suppressing the IL-6 amplifier. SARS-CoV-2 models will be needed to validate this possibility in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Luo
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Ruoqi Ding
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Xiaohang Guo
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Tao Zhan
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410005, PR China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Rong Fan
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,Corresponding author. Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China,Corresponding author. Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
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Kiriacos CJ, Khedr MR, Tadros M, Youness RA. Prospective Medicinal Plants and Their Phytochemicals Shielding Autoimmune and Cancer Patients Against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Special Focus on Matcha. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837408. [PMID: 35664773 PMCID: PMC9157490 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Being "positive" has been one of the most frustrating words anyone could hear since the end of 2019. This word had been overused globally due to the high infectious nature of SARS-CoV-2. All citizens are at risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2, but a red warning sign has been directed towards cancer and immune-compromised patients in particular. These groups of patients are not only more prone to catch the virus but also more predisposed to its deadly consequences, something that urged the research community to seek other effective and safe solutions that could be used as a protective measurement for cancer and autoimmune patients during the pandemic. Aim The authors aimed to turn the spotlight on specific herbal remedies that showed potential anticancer activity, immuno-modulatory roles, and promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 actions. Methodology To attain the purpose of the review, the research was conducted at the States National Library of Medicine (PubMed). To search databases, the descriptors used were as follows: "COVID-19"/"SARS-CoV-2", "Herbal Drugs", "Autoimmune diseases", "Rheumatoid Arthritis", "Asthma", "Multiple Sclerosis", "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus" "Nutraceuticals", "Matcha", "EGCG", "Quercetin", "Cancer", and key molecular pathways. Results This manuscript reviewed most of the herbal drugs that showed a triple action concerning anticancer, immunomodulation, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities. Special attention was directed towards "matcha" as a novel potential protective and therapeutic agent for cancer and immunocompromised patients during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Conclusion This review sheds light on the pivotal role of "matcha" as a tri-acting herbal tea having a potent antitumorigenic effect, immunomodulatory role, and proven anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, thus providing a powerful shield for high-risk patients such as cancer and autoimmune patients during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Joseph Kiriacos
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Monika Rafik Khedr
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Miray Tadros
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana A. Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
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The Therapeutic and Prophylactic Potential of Quercetin against COVID-19: An Outlook on the Clinical Studies, Inventive Compositions, and Patent Literature. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050876. [PMID: 35624740 PMCID: PMC9137692 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a phenolic flavonol compound with established antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-stimulant properties. Recent studies demonstrate the potential of quercetin against COVID-19. This article highlighted the prophylactic/therapeutic potential of quercetin against COVID-19 in view of its clinical studies, inventions, and patents. The literature for the subject matter was collected utilizing different databases, including PubMed, Sci-Finder, Espacenet, Patentscope, and USPTO. Clinical studies expose the potential of quercetin monotherapy, and also its combination therapy with other compounds, including zinc, vitamin C, curcumin, vitamin D3, masitinib, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and ivermectin. The patent literature also examines claims that quercetin containing nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and dietary supplements, alone or in combination with other drugs/compounds, including favipiravir, remdesivir, molnupiravir, navitoclax, dasatinib, disulfiram, rucaparib, tamarixin, iota-carrageenan, and various herbal extracts (aloe, poria, rosemary, and sphagnum) has potential for use against COVID-19. The literature reveals that quercetin exhibits anti-COVID-19 activity because of its inhibitory effect on the expression of the human ACE2 receptors and the enzymes of SARS-CoV-2 (MPro, PLPro, and RdRp). The USFDA designated quercetin as a “Generally Recognized as Safe” substance for use in the food and beverage industries. It is also an inexpensive and readily available compound. These facts increase the possibility and foreseeability of making novel and economical drug combinations containing quercetin to prevent/treat COVID-19. Quercetin is an acidic compound and shows metabolic interaction with some antivirals, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory agents. Therefore, the physicochemical and metabolic drug interactions between quercetin and the combined drugs/compounds must be better understood before developing new compositions.
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Wang M, Qin K, Zhai X. Combined Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification Approach to Investigate the Potential Mechanisms of Polydatin Against COVID-19. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221095352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a serious threat to human health and there is an urgent need for drug development. In this study, we explored the potential mechanisms underlying the efficacy of polydatin against COVID-19. Methods: A combined approach of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification were employed in this study. Potential targets of polydatin for treating COVID-19 were obtained from multiple drug and disease databases. Protein–protein interaction and enrichment analyses were performed to predict the potential mechanism of action of polydatin against COVID-19. The binding potential of polydatin and key targets was evaluated through molecular docking. Furthermore, experimental methods including flow cytometry and luciferase assay were used to validate the results of computational analyses. Results: The main diseases identified as polydatin targets included metabolic diseases, lung diseases, inflammation, infectious diseases, and tumors. Polydatin may be used to treat COVID-19 through interventions that alter the immune and inflammatory responses, including IL-17 signaling pathway, T-cell activation, cytokines and inflammatory response, lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway, as well as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) innate immunity evasion and cell-specific immune response. Polydatin can potentially bind to the target proteins related to COVID-19, such as SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, RdRp, and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), while directly exerting its regulatory or therapeutic functions. The experimental results showed that polydatin decreased the infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus in HEK293T-ACE2 cells. Accordingly, polydatin may retard the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells by competitively binding to human ACE2. Conclusion: The potential targets and signaling pathways of polydatin against COVID-19 were preliminarily identified. The findings may benefit the development and application of polydatin as a treatment for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaijian Qin
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhai
- Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Zhou H, Ni WJ, Huang W, Wang Z, Cai M, Sun YC. Advances in Pathogenesis, Progression, Potential Targets and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies in SARS-CoV-2-Induced COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:834942. [PMID: 35450063 PMCID: PMC9016159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.834942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As the new year of 2020 approaches, an acute respiratory disease quietly caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China. Subsequently, COVID-19 broke out on a global scale and formed a global public health emergency. To date, the destruction that has lasted for more than two years has not stopped and has caused the virus to continuously evolve new mutant strains. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to cause multiple complications and lead to severe disability and death, which has dealt a heavy blow to global development, not only in the medical field but also in social security, economic development, global cooperation and communication. To date, studies on the epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism and pathological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-induced COVID-19, as well as target confirmation, drug screening, and clinical intervention have achieved remarkable effects. With the continuous efforts of the WHO, governments of various countries, and scientific research and medical personnel, the public’s awareness of COVID-19 is gradually deepening, a variety of prevention methods and detection methods have been implemented, and multiple vaccines and drugs have been developed and urgently marketed. However, these do not appear to have completely stopped the pandemic and ravages of this virus. Meanwhile, research on SARS-CoV-2-induced COVID-19 has also seen some twists and controversies, such as potential drugs and the role of vaccines. In view of the fact that research on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has been extensive and in depth, this review will systematically update the current understanding of the epidemiology, transmission mechanism, pathological features, potential targets, promising drugs and ongoing clinical trials, which will provide important references and new directions for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Jian Ni
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Huang
- The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, The Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University-Anhui Campus, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yan-Cai Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Cui XR, Guo YH, Liu QQ. Cangma Huadu granules, a new drug with great potential to treat coronavirus and influenza infections, exert its efficacy through anti-inflammatory and immune regulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 287:114965. [PMID: 34990767 PMCID: PMC8723765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coronavirus and influenza virus infection seriously threaten human health. Cangma Huadu Granules (CMHD) is an in-hospital preparation composed of eight traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), which has been clinically used against COVID-19 in China and may be a promising candidate for the treatment of influenza. However, the role of its treatment urgently needs to be studied. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the therapeutic effects of CMHD on pneumonia induced by coronavirus (HCoV-229E) and influenza A virus (H1N1/FM1) in mice and explore its mechanism of anti-infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were infected with HCoV-229E or H1N1/FM1 virus through the nasal cavity. CMHD (12.1, 6.05 and 3.03 g/kg/d) or the positive control drugs were administered intragastrically. The lung index and histopathological changes were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CMHD. The expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-4 in Serum and the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were detected to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and immune regulation effects of CMHD, respectively. Furthermore, the levels of p-NF-κBp65/ NF-κB p65, which was the key targets of the NF-κB pathway was analyzed. RESULTS In HCoV-229E-induced pneumonia, the lung index was markedly reduced, and lung pathology was improved in mice that treated with CMHD (12.1, 6.05 g/kg/d). Meanwhile, the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 were obviously inhibited, but the expression of IL-4 was significantly increased in CMHD groups. Compared with the model group, CMHD could also markedly upregulate the level of CD4+ and CD8+. Furthermore, CMHD has a markedly effect on inhibit the expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 in the lung. In H1N1-induced pneumonia, the lung index of mice in the CMHD (12.1 g/kg/d) treatment group was lower than that in the model group, and less inflammatory infiltration could be seen in the lung pathological. Moreover, CMHD could also obviously decrease the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, but significantly increase the expression of IL-4. Except for that, CMHD could also markedly downregulate the level of CD4+ and upregulate the level of CD8+ compared with the model group. In addition, CMHD has a markedly effect on inhibit the expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 in the lung. CONCLUSION CMHD can significantly combats viral infections caused by HCoV-229E and H1N1, and the mechanism may be related to its multiple functions of anti-inflammatory, immunity regulating and inhibiting NF-κB signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ran Cui
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China; Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hong Guo
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Quan Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China; Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Liu YX, Zhou YH, Jiang CH, Liu J, Chen DQ. Prevention, treatment and potential mechanism of herbal medicine for Corona viruses: A review. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5480-5508. [PMID: 35184680 PMCID: PMC8973820 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) virus has become the greatest global public health crisis in recent years,and the COVID-19 epidemic is still continuing. However, due to the lack of effectivetherapeutic drugs, the treatment of corona viruses is facing huge challenges. In thiscontext, countries with a tradition of using herbal medicine such as China have beenwidely using herbal medicine for prevention and nonspecific treatment of corona virusesand achieved good responses. In this review, we will introduce the application of herbalmedicine in the treatment of corona virus patients in China and other countries, andreview the progress of related molecular mechanisms and antiviral activity ingredients ofherbal medicine, in order to provide a reference for herbal medicine in the treatment ofcorona viruses. We found that herbal medicines are used in the prevention and fightagainst COVID-19 in countries on all continents. In China, herbal medicine has beenreported to relieve some of the clinical symptoms of mild patients and shorten the length of hospital stay. However, as most herbal medicines for the clinical treatment of COVID-19still lack rigorous clinical trials, the clinical and economic value of herbal medicines in theprevention and treatment of COVID-19 has not been fully evaluated. Future work basedon large-scale randomized, double-blind clinical trials to evaluate herbal medicines andtheir active ingredients in the treatment of new COVID-19 will be very meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Liu
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-He Zhou
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Chang-Hong Jiang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ding-Qiang Chen
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Xu Y, Yang L, Wang L, Chen F. Potential therapeutic effect of Shufeng Jiedu capsule and its major herbs on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A review. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 15:289-299. [PMID: 34980761 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak and rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a huge threat to human health and social stability. Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJDC), a patented herbal drug composed of eight medicinal plants, is used to treat different viral respiratory tract infectious diseases. Based on its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory activities in acute lung injury, SFJDC can be effectively used as a treatment for COVID-19 patients according to the diagnosis and treatment plan issued in China and existing clinical data. SFJDC has been recommended in 15 therapeutic regimens for COVID-19 in China. This review summarizes current data on the ingredients, chemical composition, pharmacological properties, clinical efficacy, and potential therapeutic effect of SFJDC on COVID-19, to provide a theoretical basis for its anti-viral mechanism and the clinical treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of food and biological engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Feihu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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Lee M, Park J, Cho IH. Target-Specific Drug Discovery of Natural Products against SARS-CoV-2 Life Cycle and Cytokine Storm in COVID-19. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:927-959. [PMID: 35729089 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a worldwide pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, there are no drugs that can specifically combat SARS-CoV-2. Besides, multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants are circulating globally. These variants may lead to immune escape or drug resistance. Natural products may be appropriate for this need due to their cost efficiency, fewer side effects, and antiviral activities. Considering these circumstances, there is a need to develop or discover more compounds that have potential to target SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we searched for articles on natural products describing anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities by targeting the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle and the cytokine storm in COVID-19 from academic databases. We reviewed anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities of natural products, especially those that target the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, transmembrane serine protease 2, cathepsin L, 3CL protease, PL protease, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and helicase) and cytokine storm in COVID-19. This review may provide a repurposed approach for the discovery of specific medications using natural products to treat COVID-19 through targeting the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle and the cytokine storm in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Lee
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwoo Park
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Hyun Cho
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Deng J, Bao Y, Tian S, Yuan K, Zheng Y, Gao X, Chen X, Yang Y, Meng S, Cao L, Shi L, Yan W, Liu X, Shi J, Lu L. Efficacy and safety of traditional chinese medicine combined with western medicine for the treatment of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. HEART AND MIND 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_10_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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40
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Guo DA, Yao CL, Wei WL, Zhang JQ, Bi QR, Li JY, Khan I, Bauer R. Traditional Chinese medicines against COVID-19: A global overview. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.353502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Xiang MF, Jin CT, Sun LH, Zhang ZH, Yao JJ, Li LC. Efficacy and potential mechanisms of Chinese herbal compounds in coronavirus disease 2019: advances of laboratory and clinical studies. Chin Med 2021; 16:130. [PMID: 34861881 PMCID: PMC8640709 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still spread and has made a severe public health threat around the world. To improve disease progression, emerging Chinese herbal compounds were used in clinical practice and some agents have proven beneficial in treating COVID-19. Here, the relevant literature from basic researches to clinical application were identified and comprehensively assessed. A variety of Chinese herbal compounds have been reported to be effective in improving symptoms and outcomes in patients with COVID-19, particularly together with routine treatment strategy. The pharmacological activities were mainly attributed to the relief of clinical symptoms, inhibition of cytokine storm, and improvement of organ function. Besides, the development of novel antiviral drugs from medicinal herbs were further discussed. The updated laboratory and clinical studies provided the evidence of Chinese herbal compounds such as Lianhua Qingwen prescription, Shufeng Jiedu prescription, and Qingfei Paidu Tang for the relief of COVID-19. However, both of the randomized controlled trials and real world researches need to be done for supporting the evidence including the efficacy and safety in fighting COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Feng Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Cheng-Tao Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Li-Hua Sun
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound & Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Health and Safety, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
| | - Liu-Cheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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Zhang L, Li R, Song G, Scholes GD, She ZS. Impairment of T cells' antiviral and anti-inflammation immunities may be critical to death from COVID-19. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:211606. [PMID: 34950497 PMCID: PMC8692966 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Clarifying dominant factors determining the immune heterogeneity from non-survivors to survivors is crucial for developing therapeutics and vaccines against COVID-19. The main difficulty is quantitatively analysing the multi-level clinical data, including viral dynamics, immune response and tissue damages. Here, we adopt a top-down modelling approach to quantify key functional aspects and their dynamical interplay in the battle between the virus and the immune system, yielding an accurate description of real-time clinical data involving hundreds of patients for the first time. The quantification of antiviral responses gives that, compared to antibodies, T cells play a more dominant role in virus clearance, especially for mild patients (96.5%). Moreover, the anti-inflammatory responses, namely the cytokine inhibition and tissue repair rates, also positively correlate with T cell number and are significantly suppressed in non-survivors. Simulations show that the lack of T cells can lead to more significant inflammation, proposing an explanation for the monotonic increase of COVID-19 mortality with age and higher mortality for males. We propose that T cells play a crucial role in the immunity against COVID-19, which provides a new direction-improvement of T cell number for advancing current prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhao Zhang
- Institute of Health System Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Rong Li
- Institute of Health System Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Song
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zhen-Su She
- Institute of Health System Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Protective Role of Combined Polyphenols and Micronutrients against Influenza A Virus and SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111721. [PMID: 34829949 PMCID: PMC8615651 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have been widely studied for their antiviral effect against respiratory virus infections. Among these, resveratrol (RV) has been demonstrated to inhibit influenza virus replication and more recently, it has been tested together with pterostilbene against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In the present work, we evaluated the antiviral activity of polydatin, an RV precursor, and a mixture of polyphenols and other micronutrients, named A5+, against influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections. To this end, we infected Vero E6 cells and analyzed the replication of both respiratory viruses in terms of viral proteins synthesis and viral titration. We demonstrated that A5+ showed a higher efficacy in inhibiting both influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to polydatin treatment alone. Indeed, post infection treatment significantly decreased viral proteins expression and viral release, probably by interfering with any step of virus replicative cycle. Intriguingly, A5+ treatment strongly reduced IL-6 cytokine production in influenza virus-infected cells, suggesting its potential anti-inflammatory properties during the infection. Overall, these results demonstrate the synergic and innovative antiviral efficacy of A5+ mixture, although further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying its inhibitory effect.
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Saha P, Bose S, Srivastava AK, Chaudhary AA, Lall R, Prasad S. Jeopardy of COVID-19: Rechecking the Perks of Phytotherapeutic Interventions. Molecules 2021; 26:6783. [PMID: 34833873 PMCID: PMC8621307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the reason for worldwide pandemic, has already masked around 220 countries globally. This disease is induced by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Arising environmental stress, increase in the oxidative stress level, weak immunity and lack of nutrition deteriorates the clinical status of the infected patients. Though several researches are at its peak for understanding and bringing forward effective therapeutics, yet there is no promising solution treating this disease directly. Medicinal plants and their active metabolites have always been promising in treating many clinical complications since time immemorial. Mother nature provides vivid chemical structures, which act multi-dimensionally all alone or synergistically in mitigating several diseases. Their unique antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with least side effects have made them more effective candidate for pharmacological studies. These medicinal plants inhibit attachment, encapsulation and replication of COVID-19 viruses by targeting various signaling molecules such as angiotensin converting enzyme-2, transmembrane serine protease 2, spike glycoprotein, main protease etc. This property is re-examined and its potency is now used to improve the existing global health crisis. This review is an attempt to focus various antiviral activities of various noteworthy medicinal plants. Moreover, its implications as prophylactic or preventive in various secondary complications including neurological, cardiovascular, acute kidney disease, liver disease are also pinpointed in the present review. This knowledge will help emphasis on the therapeutic developments for this novel coronavirus where it can be used as alone or in combination with the repositioned drugs to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, WB, India; (P.S.); (S.B.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Subhankar Bose
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, WB, India; (P.S.); (S.B.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, WB, India; (P.S.); (S.B.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSUI), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rajiv Lall
- Noble Pharma, LLC, 4602 Domain Drive, Menomonie, WI 54751, USA;
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Noble Pharma, LLC, 4602 Domain Drive, Menomonie, WI 54751, USA;
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Dai T, Zhang L, Dai X, Zhang X, Lu B, Zheng Y, Shen D, Yan Y, Ji C, Yu J, Sun L. Multimode participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19. Integr Med Res 2021; 10:100781. [PMID: 34642626 PMCID: PMC8496941 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2021.100781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of COVID-19 has swiftly spread across China and all over the world, resulting in severe contagious pneumonia. However, no specific anti-COVID-19 drugs or methods are available for the treatment of this acute and fatal disease. In recent years, as the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been universally acknowledged, it has been brought to a crucial status domestically and overseas for the treatment of COVID-19. METHODS We searched relevant literature, electronic databases, and official statements, diagnoses and protocols to retrieve studies and applications related to traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 in terms of regulations and policies, clinical evidence, preclinical rationale and big data analysis and then summarized the discovery and development of potential drugs and their targets. RESULTS Clinicians, researchers, governments, the public, colleges, institutes and companies collected and classified associated policies, regulations and actual contributions, searched clinical trials and preclinical experimental outcomes from databases, studied potential TCM drugs with possible mechanisms, retrieved numerous big data analysis method and gathered pooled results of compounds along with their effective targets to make traditional Chinese medicine vital to cover all stages of patients in the treatment and control of COVID-19. CONCLUSION Traditional Chinese medicine provides new evidence to support the clinical value of TCM for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieying Dai
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Dai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beibei Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deyi Shen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yici Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congqi Ji
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jieru Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leitao Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Wang J, Wu Q, Ding L, Song S, Li Y, Shi L, Wang T, Zhao D, Wang Z, Li X. Therapeutic Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Compounds Against Respiratory Diseases: Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory and High-Frequency Use. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:734450. [PMID: 34512360 PMCID: PMC8429615 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.734450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, especially the pandemic of respiratory infectious diseases and refractory chronic lung diseases, remain a key clinical issue and research hot spot due to their high prevalence rates and poor prognosis. In this review, we aimed to summarize the recent advances in the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of key common bioactive compounds from Chinese herbal medicine. Based on the theories of traditional Chinese medicine related to lung diseases, we searched several electronic databases to determine the high-frequency Chinese medicines in clinical application. The active compounds and metabolites from the selected medicines were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) by analyzing oral bioavailability and drug similarity index. Then, the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of the selected bioactive compounds in the viral and bacterial infections, inflammation, acute lung injury (ALI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and lung cancer were summarized. We found that 31 bioactive compounds from the selected 10 common Chinese herbs, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), kaempferol, isorhamnetin, quercetin, and β-sitosterol, can mainly regulate NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, NLRP3, TGF-β/Smad, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways to inhibit infection, inflammation, extracellular matrix deposition, and tumor growth in a series of lung-related diseases. This review provides novel perspectives on the preclinical study and clinical application of Chinese herbal medicines and their bioactive compounds against respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Lu Ding
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu Song
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Respiratory, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Liskova A, Koklesova L, Samec M, Abdellatif B, Zhai K, Siddiqui M, Šudomová M, Hassan ST, Kudela E, Biringer K, Giordano FA, Büsselberg D, Golubnitschaja O, Kubatka P. Targeting phytoprotection in the COVID-19-induced lung damage and associated systemic effects-the evidence-based 3PM proposition to mitigate individual risks. EPMA J 2021; 12:325-347. [PMID: 34367380 PMCID: PMC8329620 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The risks related to the COVID-19 are multi-faceted including but by far not restricted to the following: direct health risks by poorly understood effects of COVID-19 infection, overloaded capacities of healthcare units, restricted and slowed down care of patients with non-communicable disorders such as cancer, neurologic and cardiovascular pathologies, among others; social risks-restricted and broken social contacts, isolation, professional disruption, explosion of aggression in the society, violence in the familial environment; mental risks-loneliness, helplessness, defenceless, depressions; and economic risks-slowed down industrial productivity, broken delivery chains, unemployment, bankrupted SMEs, inflation, decreased capacity of the state to perform socially important programs and to support socio-economically weak subgroups in the population. Directly or indirectly, the above listed risks will get reflected in a healthcare occupation and workload which is a tremendous long-term challenge for the healthcare capacity and robustness. The article does not pretend to provide solutions for all kind of health risks. However, it aims to present the scientific evidence of great clinical utility for primary, secondary, and tertiary care to protect affected individuals in a cost-effective manner. To this end, due to pronounced antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, naturally occurring plant substances are capable to protect affected individuals against COVID-19-associated life-threatening complications such as lung damage. Furthermore, they can be highly effective, if being applied to secondary and tertiary care of noncommunicable diseases under pandemic condition. Thus, the stratification of patients evaluating specific health conditions such as sleep quality, periodontitis, smoking, chronic inflammation and diseases, metabolic disorders and obesity, vascular dysfunction, and cancers would enable effective managemenet of COVID-19-associated complications in primary, secondary, and tertiary care in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (3PM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Basma Abdellatif
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, 24144 Qatar
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, 24144 Qatar
| | - Manaal Siddiqui
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, 24144 Qatar
| | - Miroslava Šudomová
- Museum of Literature in Moravia, Klášter 1, 66461, Rajhrad, Czech Republic
| | - Sherif T.S. Hassan
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Kudela
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Frank A. Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, 24144 Qatar
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
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Kuchta K, Cameron S, Lee M, Cai SQ, Shoyama Y. Which East Asian herbal medicines can decrease viral infections? PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2021; 21:219-237. [PMID: 34466134 PMCID: PMC8391007 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Whilst Western research for the COVID-19 crisis focuses on vaccination, in East Asia traditional herbal prescriptions are studied for SARS-CoV2 therapy. In Japan, Maoto (Ephedrae herba 4 g, Armeniacae semen 4 g, Cinnamomi cortex 3 g, and Glycyrrhizae radix 2 g, JPXVII) is used based on clinical evidence for its effect on early phase influenza (also caused by RNA viruses) comparable to that of oseltamivir. The Health Ministry of Thailand has approved Andrographis paniculata (Jap. Senshinren) extracts for treatment of COVID-19. Its combination (4 g) with Maoto, Maoto-ka-senshinren, seems most promising for the treatment of viral pandemics. In China, the official guideline for COVID-19 treatment contains TCM medications with antiviral, as well as immunmodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects such as: Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang (Jap. Seihai-haidokuto) contains 21 drugs; Shufeng Jiedu Jiaonang (Bupleuri radix 8 g, Forsythiae fructus 8 g, Glycyrrhizae radix 4 g, Isatidis radix 8 g, Patriniae herba 8 g, Phragmitis rhizoma 6 g, Polygoni cuspidati rhizoma 10 g, Verbenae herba 8 g); Fufang Yuxingcao Heiji (Forsythiae fructus 0.6 g, Houttuyniae herba 6 g, Isatidis radix 1.5 g, Lonicerae flos 0.6 g, Scutellariae radix 1.5 g) first gained prominence during the 2002 SARS epidemic. With no Western medicine available, the following overview discusses efficacy and mechanisms in view of viral entry and replication of different East Asian herbal remedies for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Kuchta
- Forschungsstelle Für Fernöstliche Medizin, Department of Vegetation Analysis and Phytodiversity, Albrecht Von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Cameron
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Minwon Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product-Based Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756 Korea
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- International Cooperative Center for Researches of Medicinal Resources, Peking University Health Center, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298 Japan
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Hairy Roots of Scutellaria spp. ( Lamiaceae) as Promising Producers of Antiviral Flavones. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133927. [PMID: 34199058 PMCID: PMC8271535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We measured and studied the growth parameters and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the flavones of hairy roots of the Scutellaria genus: S. lateriflora, S. przewalskii and S. pycnoclada. Hairy roots were obtained using wild-type Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 by co-cultivation of explants (cotyledons) in a suspension of Agrobacterium. The presence of the rol-genes was confirmed by PCR analysis. The hairy roots of the most studied plant from the Scutellaria genus, S. baicalensis, were obtained earlier and used as a reference sample. HPLC-MS showed the predominance of four main flavones (baicalin, baicalein, wogonin and wogonoside) in the methanol extracts of the studied hairy roots. In addition to the four main flavones, the other substances which are typical to the aerial part of plants were found in all the extracts: apigenin, apigetrin, scutellarin and chrysin-7-O-β-d-glucuronide. According to the total content of flavones, the hairy roots of the studied skullcaps form the following series: S. przewalskii (33 mg/g dry weight) > S. baicalensis (17.04 mg/g dry weight) > S. pycnoclada (12.9 mg/g dry weight) > S. lateriflora (4.57 mg/g dry weight). Therefore, the most promising producer of anti-coronavirus flavones is S. przewalskii.
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Huang ST, Chen Y, Chang WC, Chen HF, Lai HC, Lin YC, Wang WJ, Wang YC, Yang CS, Wang SC, Hung MC. Scutellaria barbata D. Don Inhibits the Main Proteases (M pro and TMPRSS2) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:826. [PMID: 34063247 PMCID: PMC8147405 DOI: 10.3390/v13050826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In late 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic emerged to severely impact the global population, creating an unprecedented need for effective treatments. This study aims to investigate the potential of Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) as a treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection through the inhibition of the proteases playing important functions in the infection by SARS-CoV-2. FRET assay was applied to investigate the inhibitory effects of SB on the two proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection, Mpro and TMPRSS2. Additionally, to measure the potential effectiveness of SB treatment on infection inhibition, cellular models based on the Calu3 and VeroE6 cells and their TMPRSS2- expressing derivatives were assessed by viral pseudoparticles (Vpp) infection assays. The experimental approaches were conjugated with LC/MS analyses of the aqueous extracts of SB to identify the major constituent compounds, followed by a literature review to determine the potential active components of the inhibitory effects on protease activities. Our results showed that SB extracts inhibited the enzyme activities of Mpro and TMPRSS2. Furthermore, SB extracts effectively inhibited SARS-CoV-2 Vpp infection through a TMPRSS2-dependent mechanism. The aqueous extract analysis identified six major constituent compounds present in SB. Some of them have been known associated with inhibitory activities of TMPRSS2 or Mpro. Thus, SB may effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication through inhibiting Mpro and TMPRSS2 protease activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Research Cancer Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
| | - Yeh Chen
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiao-Fan Chen
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Wei-Jan Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Chia-Shin Yang
- Graduate Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-C.W.); (C.-S.Y.)
| | - Shao-Chun Wang
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.C.); (H.-F.C.); (S.-C.W.)
- New Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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