1
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Gumusoglu SB. The role of the placenta-brain axis in psychoneuroimmune programming. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 36:100735. [PMID: 38420039 PMCID: PMC10900837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational exposures have enduring impacts on brain and neuroimmune development and function. Perturbations of pregnancy leading to placental structure/function deficits, cell stress, immune activation, and endocrine changes (metabolic, growth factors, etc.) all increase neuropsychiatric risk in offspring. The existing literature links obstetric diseases with placental involvement to offspring neuroimmune outcomes and neurodevelopmental risk. Psychoneuroimmune outcomes in offspring brain include changes to microglia, cytokine/chemokine production, cell stress, and long-term immunoreactivity. These outcomes are altered by structural, anti-angiogenic/hypoxic, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases of the placenta. This fetal programming occurs via direct placental passage or production of factors which can act directly on fetal brain substrates, or indirectly via action of circulating factors on intermediates in the placenta. Placental neuroendocrine, vascular/angiogenic, immune, and extracellular vesicular mechanisms are detailed. These mechanisms interact within various placental and pregnancy conditions. An increased understanding of the placental origins of psychoneuroimmunology will yield dividends for human health. Identifying maternal and placental biomarkers for fetal neuroimmune health may also revolutionize early diagnosis and precision psychiatry, empowering patients to make the best healthcare decisions for their families. Targeting placental mechanisms may be a valuable approach for the prevention and mitigation of intergenerational, lifelong neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena B. Gumusoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Dr. Iowa City, IA, 52327, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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2
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Keedle H, Tomczak K, Lequertier B, Dahlen HG. Feeling anxious'- women's experiences of having a baby in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Voqual real time app. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:670. [PMID: 37726659 PMCID: PMC10507989 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Internationally, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted maternity services. In Australia, this included changes to antenatal appointments and the reduction of support people during labour and birth. For women pregnant during the pandemic there were increased stressors of infection in the community and in hospitals along with increased periods of isolation from friends and families during lockdown periods. The aim of this study was to explore the real-time experiences of women who were pregnant and had a baby during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. METHODS This study followed seven women throughout their pregnancy and early parenthood. Women created audio or video recordings in real time using the Voqual app and were followed up by in-depth interviews after they gave birth. RESULTS Using narrative analysis their individual stories were compared and an overarching theme of 'feeling anxious' was found which was underpinned by the two themes 'model of care' and 'environment'. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the protective impact midwifery continuity of care has on reducing anxiety in women during the pandemic, and that the home environment can either be secure and safe or a place of isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Keedle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Kimberley Tomczak
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Belinda Lequertier
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, Level 11, 410 Ann Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Hannah G Dahlen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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3
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Heynen JP, McHugh RR, Boora NS, Simcock G, Kildea S, Austin MP, Laplante DP, King S, Montina T, Metz GAS. Urinary 1H NMR Metabolomic Analysis of Prenatal Maternal Stress Due to a Natural Disaster Reveals Metabolic Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases: The QF2011 Queensland Flood Study. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040579. [PMID: 37110237 PMCID: PMC10145263 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal stress alters fetal programming, potentially predisposing the ensuing offspring to long-term adverse health outcomes. To gain insight into environmental influences on fetal development, this QF2011 study evaluated the urinary metabolomes of 4-year-old children (n = 89) who were exposed to the 2011 Queensland flood in utero. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze urinary metabolic fingerprints based on maternal levels of objective hardship and subjective distress resulting from the natural disaster. In both males and females, differences were observed between high and low levels of maternal objective hardship and maternal subjective distress groups. Greater prenatal stress exposure was associated with alterations in metabolites associated with protein synthesis, energy metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. These alterations suggest profound changes in oxidative and antioxidative pathways that may indicate a higher risk for chronic non-communicable diseases such obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes, as well as mental illnesses, including depression and schizophrenia. Thus, prenatal stress-associated metabolic biomarkers may provide early predictors of lifetime health trajectories, and potentially serve as prognostic markers for therapeutic strategies in mitigating adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Heynen
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Rebecca R McHugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Naveenjyote S Boora
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Simcock
- Midwifery Research Unit, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sue Kildea
- Midwifery Research Unit, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Alice Springs, NT 0870, Australia
| | - Marie-Paule Austin
- Perinatal and Woman's Health Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David P Laplante
- Centre for Child Development and Mental Health, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 4335 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1E4, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Tony Montina
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Gerlinde A S Metz
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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4
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Howells M, Wander K, Rivera L, Arfouni C, Benhelal O, Galeano MAO, Schultz L, Flock N, Dancause K. Maternal stress and hair cortisol among pregnant women following hurricane Florence. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23847. [PMID: 36507656 PMCID: PMC10078102 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural disasters represent major stressors, resulting in psychological distress and physiological responses such as increased cortisol. During pregnancy, this impacts not only maternal well-being, but also fetal development. In 2018, Hurricane Florence caused extensive damage across the eastern United States. Studies indicated that compared to married pregnant women, unmarried pregnant women had higher risk of distress. Here we assess hair cortisol among a subsample of participants, and variations based on marital status. METHODS We analyzed multiple stress measures among 37 participants who were pregnant during Hurricane Florence. We used questionnaires modeled on previous studies to assess hardship associated with the hurricane, psychological distress, sociodemographic characteristics, social support, and food security. We analyzed cortisol concentrations in proximal and distal hair sections, representing stress around the time of the disaster (distal) and 3-4 months following the disaster (proximal). We used linear regression to test relationships between hair cortisol and self-report stress measures, and variations based on marital status. RESULTS Self-report measures of distress and hardship were similar among married and unmarried participants. Mean cortisol levels in distal and proximal sections were higher among unmarried participants. Controlling for confounding variables, hardship was not associated with hair cortisol. Distress predicted cortisol in distal sections (β = .482, p = .018), with a trend for proximal sections (β = .368, p = .055). Marital status was a significant predictor of distal (β = .388, p = .027) and proximal (β = .333, p = .047) hair cortisol, explaining 8.6%-11.7% of unique variance. CONCLUSIONS Preexisting and intersecting risk factors likely place unmarried pregnant individuals at risk of stress during and following a disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Howells
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine Wander
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Latisha Rivera
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA.,Office of Undergraduate Admissions, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kelsey Dancause
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Quebec, Montreal, Quebec, USA
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5
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Di Paolo AL, King S, McLean MA, Lequertier B, Elgbeili G, Kildea S, Dahlen HG. Prenatal stress from the COVID-19 pandemic predicts maternal postpartum anxiety as moderated by psychological factors: The Australian BITTOC Study. J Affect Disord 2022; 314:68-77. [PMID: 35760187 PMCID: PMC9232265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there have been reports of increased perinatal anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic (Stepowicz et al., 2020), there has been a lack of research on the relative importance of objective hardship and subjective distress. In this study, we explored the extent to which resilience, tolerance of uncertainty, and cognitive appraisal of the pandemic's consequences moderate the effect of prenatal objective hardship and subjective distress due to the pandemic on 2-month postpartum anxiety. METHODS Data were collected as part of the Birth in the Time of COVID (BITTOC) study. We measured objective hardship and subjective distress, mental health, and potential psychological moderators in 419 pregnant women residing in Australia, and at two months postpartum. Hierarchical multiple regressions were used. RESULTS Objective hardship and subjective distress independently predicted postpartum anxiety. All three psychological factors moderated the effect of objective hardship on anxiety. For women with low/neutral resilience, or low/moderate tolerance of uncertainty, or a negative cognitive appraisal, greater objective hardship predicted higher postpartum anxiety. Conversely, for women with high resilience, or high tolerance of uncertainty, or neutral/positive cognitive appraisal, there was no association. Only a neutral/positive cognitive appraisal significantly buffered the effect of subjective distress on anxiety. LIMITATIONS Participants self-selected themselves into the study. The generalizability of our results could be restricted to women of higher socio-economic status. CONCLUSIONS These findings help us better understand options for intervention and assessment of vulnerable women during times of stress, along with the mechanisms by which COVID-related stress during pregnancy contributes to postpartum anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber-Lee Di Paolo
- Douglas Institute Research Centre, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Douglas Institute Research Centre, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Avenue des Pins, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada.
| | - Mia A McLean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Belinda Lequertier
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Guillaume Elgbeili
- Douglas Institute Research Centre, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Sue Kildea
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hannah G Dahlen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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6
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Papazian B. Transgenerational violence and immunological deficits, a psychosomatic hypothesis. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOANALYSIS 2022; 103:307-327. [PMID: 35440268 DOI: 10.1080/00207578.2021.2022980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This essay relies on the somatising identification mechanism, conceived to account for the delayed effects of projective identifications on the body, in this case by immunodeficiency. Three clinical cases with a similar dynamic will lead the author to deduce the mechanisms at work in the double operation of transduction from the psychic to the somatic, and transmission from one generation to the next. In each case, borderline mothers have suffered from their father's lack of interest and seem to be using their daughter to take revenge narcissistically. Defenceless, the latter grow in a state of resignation and it is their own daughters who become sometimes bubble babies, sometimes neutropenic or who develops juvenile arthritis. The initial obstacle to oedipal structuring appears as the trigger of these transgenerational pathologies whose somatic outcome would be the return of a denied symbolic castration. Destructive aggression is the common thread that most likely involves epigenetic modifications. To comprehend this type of alteration happening at the passage from psychic to somatic, a splitting of the primordial self is postulated at the undifferentiated level of the protomental. It is from this originary intersection, contained in a pre-object transitionality, that psychic and somatic paths are initiated. Bion and de M'Uzan serve as main references, as well as Anzieu and Green.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berdj Papazian
- SSPsa Swiss Psychoanalytical Society, Bernex, Switzerland
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7
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Bottaccioli AG, Bologna M, Bottaccioli F. Psychic Life-Biological Molecule Bidirectional Relationship: Pathways, Mechanisms, and Consequences for Medical and Psychological Sciences-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3932. [PMID: 35409300 PMCID: PMC8999976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, it is possible to investigate the biological paths and mechanisms that link mental life to biological life. Emotions, feelings, desires, and cognitions influence biological systems. In recent decades, psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology research has highlighted the routes linking the psyche-brain-immune systems. Recently, epigenetics research has shown the molecular mechanisms by which stress and mental states modulate the information contained in the genome. This research shapes a new paradigm considering the human being as a whole, integrating biology and psychology. This will allow us to progress towards personalized precision medicine, deeply changing medical and psychological sciences and clinical practice. In this paper, we recognize leading research on both bidirectional relations between the psyche-brain-immunity and molecular consequences of psychological and mental states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Giulia Bottaccioli
- Department of Psychology, University “Vita e Salute”, San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Italian Society of Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology (SIPNEI), 00195 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Mauro Bologna
- Italian Society of Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology (SIPNEI), 00195 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (F.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Bottaccioli
- Italian Society of Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology (SIPNEI), 00195 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (F.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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8
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The COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Maternal Mental Health Differently Depending on Pregnancy Status and Trimester of Gestation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052926. [PMID: 35270623 PMCID: PMC8910614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: We aimed to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, stratifying on pregnancy status, trimester of gestation, and pandemic period/wave. Methods: Pregnant persons and persons who delivered in Canada during the pandemic, >18 years, were recruited, and data were collected using a web-based strategy. The current analysis includes data on persons enrolled between 06/2020−08/2021. Maternal sociodemographic indicators, mental health measures (Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Generalized Anxiety Disorders (GAD-7), stress) were self-reported. Maternal mental health in pregnant women (stratified by trimester, and pandemic period/wave at recruitment) was compared with the mental health of women who had delivered; determinants of severe depression were identified with multivariate logistic regression models. Results: 2574 persons were pregnant and 626 had already delivered at recruitment. Participants who had delivered had significantly higher mean depressive symptom scores compared to those pregnant at recruitment (9.1 (SD, 5.7) vs. 8.4 (SD, 5.3), p = 0.009). Maternal anxiety (aOR 1.51; 95%CI 1.44−1.59) and stress (aOR 1.35; 95%CI 1.24−1.48) were the most significant predictors of severe maternal depression (EDPS ˃ 13) in pregnancy. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on maternal depression during pregnancy and in the post-partum period. Given that gestational depression/anxiety/stress has been associated with preterm birth and childhood cognitive problems, it is essential to continue following women/children, and develop strategies to reduce COVID-19′s longer-term impact.
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9
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Bermick J, Schaller M. Epigenetic regulation of pediatric and neonatal immune responses. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:297-327. [PMID: 34239066 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of transcription is a collective term that refers to mechanisms known to regulate gene transcription without changing the underlying DNA sequence. These mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone tail modifications which influence chromatin accessibility, and microRNAs that act through post-transcriptional gene silencing. Epigenetics is known to regulate a variety of biological processes, and the role of epigtenetics in immunity and immune-mediated diseases is becoming increasingly recognized. While DNA methylation is the most widely studied, each of these systems play an important role in the development and maintenance of appropriate immune responses. There is clear evidence that epigenetic mechanisms contribute to developmental stage-specific immune responses in a cell-specific manner. There is also mounting evidence that prenatal exposures alter epigenetic profiles and subsequent immune function in exposed offspring. Early life exposures that are associated with poor long-term health outcomes also appear to impact immune specific epigenetic patterning. Finally, each of these epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases that manifest during childhood. This review will discuss each of these areas in detail. IMPACT: Epigenetics, including DNA methylation, histone tail modifications, and microRNA expression, dictate immune cell phenotypes. Epigenetics influence immune development and subsequent immune health. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal exposures alter immune cell epigenetic profiles and subsequent immune function. Numerous pediatric-onset diseases have an epigenetic component. Several successful strategies for childhood diseases target epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bermick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. .,Iowa Inflammation Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Matthew Schaller
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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10
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The Intricate Web of Fatigue in Women. WOMEN 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/women1040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The modern woman has taken her rightful place in society as a worker, a caregiver, a mother, and a world citizen. However, along with the privileges of these roles comes the great cost of stress and resultant exhaustion and fatigue. Psychosocial, physical, cultural, and disease-related realms of stress act as strands of a web that serve to bind and hinder women with chronic stress. New areas of research, such as exercise intervention, improved social programs (e.g., childcare), and supplementation are constantly evaluated for effectiveness alongside traditional remedies such as exercise. This review will highlight some of the key issues regarding stress in women and explore reports of new treatment modalities in light of the specific requirements of the modern woman.
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11
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Cao-Lei L, Yogendran S, Dufoix R, Elgbeili G, Laplante DP, King S. Prenatal Maternal Stress From a Natural Disaster and Hippocampal Volumes: Gene-by-Environment Interactions in Young Adolescents From Project Ice Storm. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:706660. [PMID: 34566593 PMCID: PMC8461021 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.706660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-by-environment interactions influence brain development from conception to adulthood. In particular, the prenatal period is a window of vulnerability for the interplay between environmental and genetic factors to influence brain development. Rodent and human research demonstrates that prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) alters hippocampal volumes. Although PNMS affects hippocampal size on average, similar degrees of PNMS lead to different effects in different individuals. This differential susceptibility to the effects of PNMS may be due to genetic variants. Hence, we investigated the role of genetic variants of two SNPs that are candidates to moderate the effects of PNMS on hippocampal volume: COMT (rs4680) and BDNF (rs6265). To investigate this, we assessed 53 children who were in utero during the January 1998 Quebec ice storm. In June 1998 their mothers responded to questionnaires about their objective, cognitive, and subjective levels of stress from the ice storm. When children were 11 1/2 years old, T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained using a 3T scanner and analyzed to determine hippocampal volumes. We collected and genotyped the children's saliva DNA. Moderation analyses were conducted to determine whether either or both of the SNPs moderate the effect of PNMS on hippocampal volumes. We found that objective hardship was associated with right hippocampal volume in girls, and that the BDNF and COMT genotypes were associated with left hippocampal volume in boys and girls. In addition, SNPs located on COMT moderated the effect of maternal objective distress in boys, and subjective distress in girls, on both right hippocampal volume. Thus, we conclude that an individual's genotype alters their susceptibility to the effects of PNMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao-Lei
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sandra Yogendran
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Romane Dufoix
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - David P Laplante
- Centre for Child Development and Mental Health, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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12
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Effect of Natural Disaster-Related Prenatal Maternal Stress on Child Development and Health: A Meta-Analytic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168332. [PMID: 34444080 PMCID: PMC8391830 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The evidence supporting the idea that natural disaster-related prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) influences the child’s development has been accumulating for several years. We conducted a meta-analytical review to quantify this effect on different spheres of child development: birth outcomes, cognitive, motor, physical, socio-emotional, and behavioral development. We systematically searched the literature for articles on this topic (2756 articles retrieved and 37 articles included in the systematic review), extracted the relevant data to calculate the effect sizes, and then performed a meta-analysis for each category of outcomes (30 articles included across the meta-analyses) and meta-regressions to determine the effect of some factors of interest on the association between PNMS and child development: type of PNMS (objective, psychological, cognitive, diet), type of natural disaster (ice storm, flood/cyclone), type of report (maternal, third-party observer, medical), timing of exposure (preconception exposure included or not) and child age at assessment (under 10 or 10 years and older). We found that PNMS significantly influences all spheres of child development. Higher PNMS levels were associated with longer gestational age, larger newborns, and higher BMI and adiposity levels, as well as worse cognitive, motor, socio-emotional, and behavioral outcomes.
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13
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Aschbacher K, Hagan M, Steine IM, Rivera L, Cole S, Baccarella A, Epel ES, Lieberman A, Bush NR. Adversity in early life and pregnancy are immunologically distinct from total life adversity: macrophage-associated phenotypes in women exposed to interpersonal violence. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:391. [PMID: 34282132 PMCID: PMC8289995 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early childhood and pregnancy are two sensitive periods of heightened immune plasticity, when exposure to adversity may disproportionately increase health risks. However, we need deeper phenotyping to disentangle the impact of adversity during sensitive periods from that across the total lifespan. This study examined whether retrospective reports of adversity during childhood or pregnancy were associated with inflammatory imbalance, in an ethnically diverse cohort of 53 low-income women seeking family-based trauma treatment following exposure to interpersonal violence. Structured interviews assessed early life adversity (trauma exposure ≤ age 5), pregnancy adversity, and total lifetime adversity. Blood serum was assayed for pro-inflammatory (TNF-a, IL-1ß, IL-6, and CRP) and anti-inflammatory (IL-1RA, IL-4, and IL-10) cytokines. CD14+ monocytes were isolated in a subsample (n = 42) and gene expression assayed by RNA sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 4000; TruSeq cDNA library). The primary outcome was a macrophage-associated M1/M2 gene expression phenotype. To evaluate sensitivity and specificity, we contrasted M1/M2 gene expression with a second, clinically-validated macrophage-associated immunosuppressive phenotype (endotoxin tolerance) and with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. Adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, and psychopathology, higher adversity in early life (ß = .337, p = 0.029) and pregnancy (ß = .332, p = 0.032) were each associated with higher M1/M2 gene expression, whereas higher lifetime adversity (ß = -.341, p = 0.031) was associated with lower immunosuppressive gene expression. Adversity during sensitive periods was uniquely associated with M1/M2 imbalance, among low-income women with interpersonal violence exposure. Given that M1/M2 imbalance is found in sepsis, severe COVID-19 and myriad chronic diseases, these findings implicate novel immune mechanisms underlying the impact of adversity on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Aschbacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
- The Institute for Integrative Health, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Melissa Hagan
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Psychology, College of Science & Engineering, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, USA
| | - Iris M Steine
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Luisa Rivera
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Steve Cole
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Elissa S Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Alicia Lieberman
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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14
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Hyde A, Verstraeten BSE, Olson JK, King S, Brémault-Phillips S, Olson DM. The Fort McMurray Mommy Baby Study: A Protocol to Reduce Maternal Stress Due to the 2016 Fort McMurray Wood Buffalo, Alberta, Canada Wildfire. Front Public Health 2021; 9:601375. [PMID: 34222163 PMCID: PMC8249202 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.601375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Data show that maternal stress triggered by exposure to a natural disaster before, during or just after pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy and newborn outcomes. In this paper, the first aim is to describe our efforts to test a simple, low-cost intervention to large numbers of women following a major natural disaster. The second aim is to outline the challenges faced and lessons learned during the execution of this natural disaster study. Methods: The setting was the May 2016 Fort McMurray Wood Buffalo wildfire in northern Alberta, Canada. Women who were pregnant or preconception at the time of the disaster were invited to participate via social media. This prospective cohort study included a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of an expressive writing intervention on the levels of prenatal maternal stress and maternal, birth, and early childhood outcomes. At recruitment and at multiple timepoints postpartum, a battery of questionnaires was administered to evaluate objective and subjective stress exposure to the fire as well as maternal mental health, resilience and its contributing factors as well as infant developmental milestones. Qualitative content analysis of the expressive writing was conducted. Discussion: There is an increasing need to develop effective, wide-spread, rapid, and low-cost interventions to reduce prenatal maternal stress, increase resilience, and improve pregnancy outcomes following a natural disaster. Though analysis of data is ongoing, we highlight the strengths of this study which include strong community participation, rapid recruitment of eligible participants, low-cost intervention and data acquisition, and successful testing of the intervention. We acknowledge the challenges we encountered including the high rate of participant disqualifications or losses due to incomplete collection of online data; evacuation, dispersal, and inconsistent return to homes; and the high levels of stress accumulated post-disaster which led to inability to complete the study. Despite potential challenges, there remains a need for such research amid natural disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Hyde
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Joanne K Olson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Suzette Brémault-Phillips
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David M Olson
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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15
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Mennes M, Stiers P, Lagae L, Van den Bergh BRH. Antenatal maternal anxiety modulates the BOLD response in 20-year-old men during endogenous cognitive control. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:830-846. [PMID: 30617784 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-0027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is building for an association between the level of anxiety experienced by a mother during pregnancy and offspring cognition and structural and functional brain correlates. The current study uses fMRI to examine the association between prenatal exposure to maternal anxiety and brain activity associated with endogenous versus exogenous cognitive control in 20-year-old males. Endogenous cognitive control refers to the ability to generate control over decisions, strategies, conflicting information and so on, from within oneself without external signals, while exogenous control is triggered by external signals. In line with previous results of this long-term follow-up study we found that 20-year-olds of mothers reporting high levels of anxiety during weeks 12-22 of pregnancy exhibited a different pattern of decision making in a Gambling paradigm requiring endogenous cognitive control, compared to adults of mothers reporting low to average levels of anxiety. Moreover, the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) response in a number of prefrontal cortical areas was modulated by the level of antenatal maternal anxiety. In particular, a number of right lateralized clusters including inferior frontal junction, that were modulated in the adults of mothers reporting low to average levels of anxiety during pregnancy by a task manipulation of cognitive control, were not modulated by this manipulation in the adults of mothers reporting high levels of anxiety during pregnancy. These differences in brain functional correlates provide a neurobiological underpinning for the hypothesis of an association between exposure to maternal anxiety in the prenatal life period and a deficit in endogenous cognitive control in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Mennes
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Stiers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieven Lagae
- Section Paediatric Neurology, Department Development and Regeneration, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bea R H Van den Bergh
- Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven - KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102 - bus 3726, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Welfare, Public Health and Family, Flemish Government, Brussels, Belgium.
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16
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Troyer EA, Kohn JN, Ecklu-Mensah G, Aleti G, Rosenberg DR, Hong S. Searching for host immune-microbiome mechanisms in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A narrative literature review and future directions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:517-534. [PMID: 33639178 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is disabling and often treatment-refractory. Host immunity and gut microbiota have bidirectional communication with each other and with the brain. Perturbations to this axis have been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, but immune-microbiome signaling in OCD is relatively underexplored. We review support for further pursuing such investigations in OCD, including: 1) gut microbiota has been associated with OCD, but causal pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear; 2) early environmental risk factors for OCD overlap with critical periods of immune-microbiome development; 3) OCD is associated with increased risk of immune-mediated disorders and changes in immune parameters, which are separately associated with the microbiome; and 4) gut microbiome manipulations in animal models are associated with changes in immunity and some obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Theoretical pathogenic mechanisms could include microbiota programming of cytokine production, promotion of expansion and trafficking of peripheral immune cells to the CNS, and regulation of microglial function. Immune-microbiome signaling in OCD requires further exploration, and may offer novel insights into pathogenic mechanisms and potential treatment targets for this disabling disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Troyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States.
| | - Jordan N Kohn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah
- Department of Medicine and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Gajender Aleti
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - David R Rosenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Suzi Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
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17
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Letourneau N, Ntanda H, Jong VL, Mahinpey N, Giesbrecht G, Ross KM. Prenatal maternal distress and immune cell epigenetic profiles at 3-months of age. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:973-984. [PMID: 33569773 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal maternal distress predicts altered offspring immune outcomes, potentially via altered epigenetics. The role of different kinds of prenatal maternal distress on DNA methylation profiles is not understood. METHODS A sample of 117 women (APrON cohort) were followed from pregnancy to the postpartum period. Maternal distress (depressive symptoms, pregnancy-specific anxiety, stressful life events) were assessed mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy, and 3-months postpartum. DNA methylation profiles were obtained from 3-month-old blood samples. Principal component analysis identified two epigenetic components, characterized as Immune Signaling and DNA Transcription through gene network analysis. Covariates were maternal demographics, pre-pregnancy body mass index, child sex, birth gestational age, and postpartum maternal distress. Penalized regression (LASSO) models were used. RESULTS Late-pregnancy stressful life events, b = 0.006, early-pregnancy depressive symptoms, b = 0.027, late-pregnancy depressive symptoms, b = 0.014, and pregnancy-specific anxiety during late pregnancy, b = -0.631, were predictive of the Immune Signaling component, suggesting that these aspects of maternal distress could affect methylation in offspring immune signaling pathways. Only early-pregnancy depressive symptoms was predictive of the DNA Transcription component, b = -0.0004, suggesting that this aspect of maternal distress is implicated in methylation of offspring DNA transcription pathways. CONCLUSIONS Exposure timing and kind of prenatal maternal distress could matter in the prediction of infant immune epigenetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor L Jong
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Paquin V, Lapierre M, Veru F, King S. Early Environmental Upheaval and the Risk for Schizophrenia. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2021; 17:285-311. [PMID: 33544627 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-103805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Why does prenatal exposure to wars, natural disasters, urbanicity, or winter increase the risk for schizophrenia? Research from the last two decades has provided rich insight about the underlying chains of causation at play during environmental upheaval, from conception to early infancy. In this review, we appraise the evidence linking schizophrenia spectrum disorder to prenatal maternal stress, obstetric complications, early infections, and maternal nutrition and other lifestyle factors. We discuss putative mechanisms, including the maternal stress system, perinatal hypoxia, and maternal-offspring immune activation. We propose that gene-environment interactions, timing during development, and sex differentiate the neuropsychiatric outcomes. Future research should pursue the translation of animal studies to humans and the longitudinal associations between early exposures, intermediate phenotypes, and psychiatric disorders. Finally, to paint a comprehensive model of risk and to harness targets for prevention, we argue that risk factors should be situated within the individual's personal ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Paquin
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada; .,Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Mylène Lapierre
- Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Franz Veru
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada; .,Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada; .,Douglas Research Centre, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 2S9, Canada
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19
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COVID-19 threatens maternal mental health and infant development: possible paths from stress and isolation to adverse outcomes and a call for research and practice. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:200-204. [PMID: 33619672 PMCID: PMC7899198 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed mothers to stress and social isolation during the pre- and post-natal periods. The deleterious effects of stress on both pregnant women and their infants are well documented, with research suggesting that effects are exacerbated by reduced social support. In this brief report, we summarize evidence linking stress and social isolation to negative outcomes for mothers and infants and present a conceptual model featuring inflammation as a driving mechanism. There is strong evidence that the coronavirus pandemic will affect mothers and infants through immune pathways that, in previous research, have been shown to link stress and social isolation during the pre- and post-natal periods with deficits in maternal mental health and infant well-being and development across developmental stages. We close with recommendations for novel research, policy changes, and integrated clinical care that can address these biological threats to infants and mothers while leveraging the anti-inflammatory effects of social support.
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20
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Intrauterine growth restriction: Clinical consequences on health and disease at adulthood. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 99:168-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Hamami H, Sheiner E, Wainstock T, Mazor E, Lanxner Battat T, Walfisch A, Kosef T, Pariente G. The Association between Delivery during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Immediate Postpartum Maternal Cognitive Function. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113727. [PMID: 33233589 PMCID: PMC7699685 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivors of the 2003 SARS epidemic were found to have higher rates of adverse mental conditions. This study aimed to assess cognitive function in women delivering during the COVID-19 pandemic, as compared to women who delivered before the COVID-19 pandemic. A cohort study was performed during the immediate postpartum period of women delivering singletons at term. Cognitive function was assessed using an objective neurocognitive test (Symbol Digit Modalities Test SDMT90, SDMT4) and a subjective self-estimation questionnaire (Attention Function Index AFI). The exposed group was recruited during the COVID-19 outbreak in Israel (May 2020), whereas the comparison group consisted of women delivering at the same medical center before the COVID-19 pandemic (2016–2017). Multivariable regression models were constructed to control potential confounders. There were 79 parturients recruited during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared with 123 women who delivered before the COVID-19 pandemic. Women delivering during the COVID-19 pandemic scored lower in the subjective AFI test compared to the unexposed group (70.0 ± 15.4 vs. 75.1 ± 14.7, p = 0.018). However, no significant difference was found in the objective SDMT tests scores. These results remained similar in the multivariable regression models when controlling for maternal age, ethnicity and time from admission to assessment, for AFI, SDMT90 and SDMT4 scores (p = 0.014; p = 0.734; p = 0.786; respectively). While no significant difference was found in objective tests, our findings propose that the exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic is independently associated with a significant decrease in subjective maternal cognitive function during the immediate postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Hamami
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (E.M.); (T.L.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Eyal Sheiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (E.M.); (T.L.B.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-54-804-5074
| | - Tamar Wainstock
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
| | - Elad Mazor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (E.M.); (T.L.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Talya Lanxner Battat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (E.M.); (T.L.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Asnat Walfisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Tamar Kosef
- Department of Psychiatry, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
| | - Gali Pariente
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (E.M.); (T.L.B.); (G.P.)
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22
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Prenatal pregnancy-related anxiety predicts boys' ADHD symptoms via placental C-reactive protein. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 120:104797. [PMID: 32682173 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many modes of stress (i.e. life events, catastrophic events) during pregnancy have been found to increase the risk of externalizing behaviors, and probably in a sex-specific way. Maternal immune activation may be the sex-difference mechanism, but direct evidence that assess three factors in conjunction -- maternal stress, maternal immune activation, and offspring neurodevelopment --from human beings is lacking. This prospective study followed 2926 pregnant women from early pregnancy to 36 months after delivery. Pregnancy-related anxiety symptoms assessment was completed three times using the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire; child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were assessed by the parent version of the Conners' Hyperactivity Index. More importantly, nine inflammatory cytokines were detected in placental tissues for the sex-difference mechanism investigation. Our results showed that after controlling for confounding factors, pregnancy-related anxiety during at least two trimesters of pregnancy increased the risk of ADHD for boys (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.37, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) = 1.78-6.38), but not for girls (aOR = 1.02, 95 %CI = 0.44-2.38), which confirmed previous findings. Besides, the structural equation models revealed that placental C-reactive protein (CRP) mRNA expression significantly mediated the association between pregnancy-related anxiety and ADHD for boys (indirect effect: β = 0.025, P = 0.022), but not for girls (indirect effect: β = 0.005, P = 0.589). This prospective study suggested that frequent pregnancy-related anxiety during pregnancy and its induced-placental inflammation partially contributed to the sex-bias of ADHD symptoms.
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23
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Prenatal developmental origins of behavior and mental health: The influence of maternal stress in pregnancy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 117:26-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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24
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Wei D, Au Yeung SL, Lu M, Xiao W, Lu J, Shen S, Lam KBH, Qiu X. Association between prenatal depressive symptoms and eczema in infants: The Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2020; 31:662-670. [PMID: 32301157 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eczema is a growing threat on infants' health, and the role of maternal depression in the risk of eczema's early onset is unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations of different exposure timing of prenatal depressive symptoms with offspring's eczema in infancy. METHODS The study was part of the ongoing prospective Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed at both early (<20th week of gestation) and late pregnancy (≥33rd week of gestation to delivery) using the Self-Rating Depression Scale. Information on the diagnosis of eczema was collected when the children were 1 year old. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between prenatal depressive symptoms and infants' eczema and test for moderation by parental history of allergic diseases. RESULTS In this population, 7.7% (447/5825) of mothers experienced persistent depressive symptoms during pregnancy, 10.1% (590/5825) had depressive symptoms only at early pregnancy, and 8.4% (489/5825) of women experienced depressive symptoms only at late pregnancy. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher risks of eczema were observed in infants of mothers with persistent prenatal depressive symptoms when compared to those children without maternal depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy (OR: 1.55, 95% CI 1.19-2.03). These associations were marginally more pronounced among children in families without parents affected by allergic diseases than in other families (P for interaction = .064 for courses of prenatal depressive symptoms). CONCLUSION Persistent maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy increased the risk of infants' eczema, especially in children without family history of allergic diseases. These associations, if proved to be causal, could be an intervention target not only to improve women's health but also to prevent offspring's eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wei
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Woman and Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiu Lun Au Yeung
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Minshan Lu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Woman and Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Xiao
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Woman and Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Woman and Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songying Shen
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiu Qiu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Woman and Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Daaboul J, Tamouza R, Leboyer M. [Immunopsychiatry and SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Links and possible consequences]. Encephale 2020; 47:151-156. [PMID: 32928535 PMCID: PMC7373027 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The SARS-CoV-2 (or COVID-19) pandemic has been propagating since December 2019, inducing a drastic increase in the prevalence of anxious and depressive disorders in the general population. Psychological trauma can partly explain these disorders. However, since psychiatric disorders also have an immuno-inflammatory component, the direct effects of the virus on the host's immune system, with a marked inflammatory response, but also the secondary inflammation to these psychosocial stressors, may cause the apparition or the worsening of psychiatric disorders. We describe here the probable immunopsychiatric consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, to delineate possible screening actions and care that could be planned. METHOD Data from previous pandemics, and existing data on the psychopathological consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, allowed us to review the possible immunopsychiatric consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, on the gestational environment, with the risk of consecutive neurodevelopmental disorders for the fetus on one hand, on the children and adults directly infected being at increased risks of psychiatric disorders on the other hand. RESULTS As in previous pandemics, the activation of the immune system due to psychological stress and/or to infection during pregnancy, might lead to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders for the fetus (schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders). Furthermore, in individuals exposed to psychological trauma and/or infected by the virus, the risk of psychiatric disorders, especially mood disorders, is probably increased. CONCLUSION In this context, preventive measures and specialized care are necessary. Thus, it is important to propose a close follow-up to the individuals who have been infected by the virus, in order to set up the earliest care possible. Likewise, in pregnant women, screening of mood disorders during the pregnancy or the postpartum period must be facilitated. The follow-up of the babies born during the pandemic must be strengthened to screen and care for possible neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Daaboul
- Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Lille, France; DMU IMPACT, département médico-universitaire de psychiatrie et d'addictologie du groupe hospitalier universitaire Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - R Tamouza
- DMU IMPACT, département médico-universitaire de psychiatrie et d'addictologie du groupe hospitalier universitaire Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est Créteil, UPEC, Inserm, U955, équipe 15 neuro-psychiatrie translationnelle, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - M Leboyer
- DMU IMPACT, département médico-universitaire de psychiatrie et d'addictologie du groupe hospitalier universitaire Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France; Université Paris Est Créteil, UPEC, Inserm, U955, équipe 15 neuro-psychiatrie translationnelle, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, IMRB, Créteil, France.
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Yong Ping E, Laplante DP, Elgbeili G, Jones SL, Brunet A, King S. Disaster-related prenatal maternal stress predicts HPA reactivity and psychopathology in adolescent offspring: Project Ice Storm. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 117:104697. [PMID: 32442863 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal stress has been associated with adverse outcomes in offspring, including elevated risk of psychopathology. Fetal programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been posited as a biological mechanism underlying such consequences. The present study aimed to examine whether dysregulation of the offspring HPA axis mediates the relationship between prenatal stress exposure and adolescent psychopathology. METHODS Five months after the Quebec ice storm of 1998, women who had been pregnant at the time of the storm completed questionnaires about their objective hardship and subjective distress from the disaster. A total of 45 of their children, exposed to the ice storm in utero, participated at 13 years of age. Adolescents completed the Trier Social Stress Test while providing salivary samples to measure circulating cortisol levels. Maternal report of adolescent behaviors was assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist. RESULTS Results from the study found that greater objective hardship was associated with elevated offspring cortisol reactivity at 13 years of age. Furthermore, greater subjective distress was associated with greater externalizing behaviors. While lower cortisol reactivity predicted greater externalizing behaviors, it did not mediate the association between maternal objective hardship or subjective distress and offspring externalizing or internalizing behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that objective hardship in pregnancy has long-term implications for offspring HPA axis functioning, which is also associated with externalizing behaviors. While dysregulation of the offspring HPA axis did not mediate the association between prenatal stress and offspring psychopathological symptoms, further research is warranted to investigate programming of alternative biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Yong Ping
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Sherri Lee Jones
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Brunet
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Cameron L, Palikhe NS, Laratta C, Vliagoftis H. Elevated Circulating Th2 Cells in Women With Asthma and Psychological Morbidity: A New Asthma Endotype? Clin Ther 2020; 42:1015-1031. [PMID: 32482491 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Psychological stress shifts the immune system toward the production of T-helper (Th)-2-mediated cytokines and eosinophilia, increases the risks for both asthma and depression, and can precipitate asthma exacerbations. Th2-mediated inflammation is a characteristic of allergic asthma. We have shown that the levels of CD4+ Th2 cells in the peripheral blood of patients with asthma are associated with severity and/or control of the disease. To improve our understanding of the interactions between stress and asthma symptoms, we evaluated the effects of psychological comorbidity on Th2-mediated inflammation in patients with asthma. METHODS Sixty-six asthmatic patients were recruited from the University of Alberta Asthma Clinic after they gave informed consent. Stress-related effects on asthma and psychological morbidity were assessed using the Asthma Control Questionnaire, completed by the patients at recruitment. Venous blood was collected at recruitment and Th2-mediated immunity evaluated by flow cytometry, quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FINDINGS Patients with stress-triggered asthma (n = 12) had higher percentage of CD4+ T cells (P = 0.006) and Th2 cells (CD4+CRTh2+ T cells; P = 0.002) in peripheral blood compared to patients with asthma who did not experience stress-related worsening of disease (n = 54). The same was true when we analyzed patients with any form of psychological comorbidity (n = 19) compared to those without psychological comorbidities (n = 47). These differences were evident among women, but not among men. Women with psychological comorbidity also required higher doses of inhaled and oral corticosteroids compared to those without psychological comorbidity. IMPLICATIONS Asthma involving psychological morbidity associates with an elevated level of circulating Th2 cells and increased corticosteroid usage, and may be more prevalent in women. Larger-scale prospective studies are required for assessing whether these women constitute a new endotype of Th2-high asthma responsive to treatments aimed to improve psychological comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Cameron
- Department of Pathology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Nami Shrestha Palikhe
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cheryl Laratta
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Harissios Vliagoftis
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Respiratory Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Abouee-Mehrizi A, Rasoulzadeh Y, Kazemi T, Mesgari-Abbasi M. Inflammatory and immunological changes caused by noise exposure: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2020; 38:61-90. [PMID: 32397946 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1715713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Today, due to the growth of industries and spread of the use of various instruments and devices that produce high noise levels, it is necessary to pay more attention to the effects of exposure to noise on organs and tissues in the body. The importance of the immune system in fighting external and pathogenic factors has raised the need to consider external factors (such as harmful physical factors) and make efforts to avoid producing them. In this systematic review, 811 potentially relevant studies were found in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, of which 32 different English-written articles were included in the study. The method of searching and systematically reviewing articles was based on the assessment tool of the multiple systematic reviews (AMSTAR) method. The results of this study suggested that noise could affect the function of the immune system and its components by affecting other systems and organs of the body, including the central nervous system, auditory system, circulatory system, and endocrine gland. Moreover, it can be hypothesized that noise affects immune system by producing the NADPH oxidase (Nox) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirreza Abouee-Mehrizi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yahya Rasoulzadeh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi
- Drug Applied Research Center (DARC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Verstraeten BSE, McCreary JK, Falkenberg EA, Fang X, Weyers S, Metz GAS, Olson DM. Multiple prenatal stresses increase sexual dimorphism in adult offspring behavior. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 107:251-260. [PMID: 31174163 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal gestational stress and immune activation have independently been associated with affective and neurodevelopmental disorders across the lifespan. We investigated whether rats exposed to prenatal maternal stressors (PNMS) consisting of psychological stress, interleukin (IL)-1β or both (two-hit stress) during critical developmental windows displayed a behavioral phenotype representative of these conditions. METHODS Long-Evans dams were exposed to psychological stressors consisting of restraint stress and forced swimming from gestational day (GD)12 to 18 or to no stress (controls). From GD17 until day of delivery, these same animals were injected with saline or IL-1β as a second hit and immune stressor (5 μg/day, intraperitoneally). The behavior of F1 offspring adults was tested on the open field test, elevated plus maze and affective exploration task on postnatal days (P)90, 100 and 110 respectively. RESULTS The effects of PNMS differed depending on the specific testing environment and potentially the age at assessment, especially in female offspring. Both locomotion and anxiety-like behavioral measures were susceptible to PNMS effects. In females, psychological stress increased anxiety-like behavior, whereas IL-1β had an opposite effect, inducing exploration and risk-taking behavior on the open field test and the elevated plus maze. When present, interactions between both stressors limited the anxiogenic effect of psychological stress on its own. In contrast, prenatal psychological stress increased anxiety-like behavior in adult males overall. A similar anxiogenic effect of IL-1β was only found on the open field test while the Stress*IL-1β interaction appeared to limit the effect of either alone. Contrarily, the PNMS effects on anxiety-like behavior on the affective exploration task were highly similar between both sexes. Analysis of males and females together revealed an additive effect of Stress and IL-1β on the number of exits from the refuge, a measure of risk assessment and thus correlated with anxiety. CONCLUSION PNMS affected offspring adult behavior in a sex-dependent manner. Effects on females were more variable, whereas psychological stress mostly induced anxiety-like behavior in males. These data highlight the sexual dimorphism in vulnerability to prenatal stressors. Maternal or stress-induced programming of the stress response and neuroinflammation may play an important role in mediating stress effects on offspring adult behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S E Verstraeten
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, 227 HMRC, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - J Keiko McCreary
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Erin A Falkenberg
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Xin Fang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, 227 HMRC, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Steven Weyers
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Gerlinde A S Metz
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - David M Olson
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, 227 HMRC, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.
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Jones SL, Dufoix R, Laplante DP, Elgbeili G, Patel R, Chakravarty MM, King S, Pruessner JC. Larger Amygdala Volume Mediates the Association Between Prenatal Maternal Stress and Higher Levels of Externalizing Behaviors: Sex Specific Effects in Project Ice Storm. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:144. [PMID: 31156408 PMCID: PMC6528106 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The amygdala is a brain structure involved in emotional regulation. Studies have shown that larger amygdala volumes are associated with behavioral disorders. Prenatal maternal depression is associated with structural changes in the amygdala, which in turn, is predictive of an increase in behavioral problems. Girls may be particularly vulnerable. However, it is not known whether disaster-related prenatal maternal stress (PNMS), or which aspect of the maternal stress experience (i.e., objective hardship, subjective distress, and cognitive appraisal), influences amygdala volumes. Nor is it known whether amygdala volumes mediate the effect of PNMS on behavioral problems in girls and boys. Aims: To assess whether aspects of PNMS are associated with amygdala volume, to determine whether timing of exposure moderates the effect, and to test whether amygdala volume mediates the association between PNMS and internalizing and externalizing problems in 11½ year old children exposed in utero, to varying levels of disaster-related PNMS. Methods: Bilateral amygdala volumes (AGV) and total brain volume (TBV) were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging, from 35 boys and 33 girls whose mothers were pregnant during the January 1998 Quebec Ice Storm. The mothers' disaster-related stress was assessed in June 1998. Child internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed at 11½ years using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Hierarchical regression analyses and mediation analyses were conducted on boys and girls separately, controlling for perinatal and postnatal factors. Results: In boys, subjective distress was associated with larger right AGV/TBV when mothers where exposed during late pregnancy, which in turn explained higher levels of externalizing behavior. However, when adjusting for postnatal factors, the effect was no longer significant. In girls, later gestational exposure to the ice storm was associated with larger AGV/TBV, but here, higher levels of objective PNMS were associated with more externalizing problems, which was, in part, mediated by larger AGV/TBV. No effects were detected on internalizing behaviors. Conclusion: These results suggest that the effects of PNMS on amygdala development and externalizing symptoms, as assessed in boys and girls in early adolescence, can be influenced by the timing of the stress in pregnancy, and the particular aspect of the mother's stress experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri Lee Jones
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Romane Dufoix
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David P. Laplante
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Elgbeili
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Raihaan Patel
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory (CoBrA Lab), Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M. Mallar Chakravarty
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory (CoBrA Lab), Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Suzanne King, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jens C. Pruessner
- Laboratory of Jens Pruessner, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Reid BM, Coe CL, Doyle CM, Sheerar D, Slukvina A, Donzella B, Gunnar MR. Persistent skewing of the T-cell profile in adolescents adopted internationally from institutional care. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 77:168-177. [PMID: 30639443 PMCID: PMC6496945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The developing immune system is an adaptive system, primed by antigens, responsive to infectious pathogens, and can be affected by other aspects of the early rearing environment, including deviations from the normal provision of parental care. We investigated whether early rearing in an institutional setting, even when followed by years living in supportive and well-resourced families, would be associated with a persistent shift in T cell profiles. Immunophenotyping was used to enumerate CD4+ CD57+ and CD8+ CD57+ subsets, with gating strategies employed to differentiate naïve, central-memory, effector-memory, and terminally differentiated EM cells expressing CD45RA (TEMRA). Blood samples were collected from 96 adolescents, and PBMC isolated via Ficol gradient, followed by an optimized immunophenotypic characterization. CMV antibody titers were determined via ELISA. Adopted adolescents had lower CD4/CD8 ratios than did the control adolescents. Early rearing had a significant effect on the T cells, especially the CD8+ CD57+ CM, EM, and TEMRA cells and the CD4+ CD57+ EM cells. Adolescents who had spent their infancy in institutions before adoption were more likely to be seropositive for CMV, with higher antibody titers. CMV antibody titers were significantly correlated with the percentages of all CD8+ CD57+ cell subsets. In the statistical modeling, CMV antibody titer also completely mediated the relationship between institutional exposure and the ratio of CD4-to-CD8 cells, as well as the percentages of CD4+ CD57+ and CD8+ CD57+ subsets. These findings demonstrate that persistent immune differences are still evident even years after adoption by supportive American families. The shift in the T cells was associated with being a latent carrier of CMV and may reflect the role of specific T cell subsets in Herpes virus containment. In older adults, sustained CMV antigen persistence and immunoregulatory containment ultimately contributes to an accumulation of differentiated T cells with a decreased proliferative capacity and to immune senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brie M Reid
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, 51 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - Christopher L Coe
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1202 W. Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Colleen M Doyle
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, 51 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Dagna Sheerar
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1202 W. Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Alla Slukvina
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1202 W. Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Bonny Donzella
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, 51 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Megan R Gunnar
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, 51 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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Sex-specific association between prenatal life stress exposure and infant pro-inflammatory cytokine levels during acute respiratory infection. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 76:275-279. [PMID: 30550928 PMCID: PMC6380181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal life stress exposure is linked to dysregulated immune function and chronic inflammatory disease in offspring, but we know little about its effects on infant immune response during viral infection. METHOD To address this issue, we examined associations between prenatal life stress exposure and infant upper-airway inflammatory markers during acute respiratory infection (ARI) using data from a prospective, population-based birth-cohort study (N = 180). Infant inflammation was measured as a continuous latent factor within a structural equation modeling framework using nasal wash concentrations of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. We hypothesized that infants exposed to prenatal life stress would have greater levels of nasal inflammation during ARI and increased risk for ARI-related morbidity in early childhood. RESULTS Our findings contradicted these hypotheses and provided evidence of sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal stress exposure on infant immune functioning during ARI. Among boys, but not girls, prenatal stress was negatively associated with nasal inflammation and indirectly associated with both lower ARI severity and reduced likelihood of subsequent ARI-related hospitalization in the 2nd and 3rd years of life. CONCLUSION These data suggest that prenatal stress exposure may be beneficial for infant boys in the context of respiratory viral infections; however, it will be critical to determine if these benefits are offset by increased risk for chronic inflammatory diseases in later childhood. As the participants in this cohort are being followed longitudinally through age 8, we will be able to evaluate long-term health outcomes in future studies.
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Recent Canadian efforts to develop population-level pregnancy intervention studies to mitigate effects of natural disasters and other tragedies. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2019; 10:108-114. [PMID: 30626455 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174418001113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The preconception, pregnancy and immediate postpartum and newborn periods are times for mothers and their offspring when they are especially vulnerable to major stressors - those that are sudden and unexpected and those that are chronic. Their adverse effects can transcend generations. Stressors can include natural disasters or political stressors such as conflict and/or migration. Considerable evidence has accumulated demonstrating the adverse effects of natural disasters on pregnancy outcomes and developmental trajectories. However, beyond tracking outcomes, the time has arrived for gathering more information related to identifying mechanisms, predicting risk and developing stress-reducing and resilience-building interventions to improve outcomes. Further, we need to learn how to encapsulate both the quantitative and qualitative information available and share it with communities and authorities to mitigate the adverse developmental effects of future disasters, conflicts and migrations. This article briefly reviews prenatal maternal stress and identifies three contemporary situations (wildfire in Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada; hurricane Harvey in Houston, USA and transgenerational and migrant stress in Pforzheim, Germany) where current studies are being established by Canadian investigators to test an intervention. The experiences from these efforts are related along with attempts to involve communities in the studies and share the new knowledge to plan for future disasters or tragedies.
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Karlsson L, Barbaro M, Ewing E, Gomez-Cabrero D, Lajic S. Epigenetic Alterations Associated With Early Prenatal Dexamethasone Treatment. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:250-263. [PMID: 30623163 PMCID: PMC6320242 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) reduces virilization in girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). It has potential short- and long-term risks and has been shown to affect cognitive functions. Here, we investigate whether epigenetic modification of DNA during early developmental stages may be a key mediating mechanism by which prenatal DEX treatment could result in poor outcomes in the offspring. We analyzed genome-wide CD4+ T cell DNA methylation, assessed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array in 29 individuals (mean age = 16.4 ± 5.9 years) at risk for CAH and treated with DEX during the first trimester and 37 population controls (mean age = 17.0 years, SD = 6.1 years). We identified 9672 differentially methylated probes (DMPs) associated with DEX treatment and 7393 DMPs associated with a DEX × sex interaction. DMPs were enriched in intergenic regions located near epigenetic markers for active enhancers. Functional enrichment of DMPs was mostly associated with immune functioning and inflammation but also with nonimmune-related functions. DEX-associated DMPs enriched near single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with inflammatory bowel disease, and DEX × sex-associated DMPs enriched near SNPs associated with asthma. DMPs in genes involved in the regulation and maintenance of methylation and steroidogenesis were identified as well. Methylation in the BDNF, FKBP5, and NR3C1 genes were associated with the performance on several Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition subscales. In conclusion, this study indicates that DNA methylation is altered after prenatal DEX treatment. This finding may have implications for the future health of the exposed individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Karlsson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit (Q2:08), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michela Barbaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases (CMMS L7:05), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ewoud Ewing
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet (L8:05), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Gomez-Cabrero
- Unit for Computational Medicine, Karolinska Institutet (L8:05), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King’s College, London Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Svetlana Lajic
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit (Q2:08), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Minakova E, Warner BB. Maternal immune activation, central nervous system development and behavioral phenotypes. Birth Defects Res 2018; 110:1539-1550. [PMID: 30430765 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) refers to a maternal immune system triggered by infectious or infectious-like stimuli. A cascade of cytokines and immunologic alterations are transmitted to the fetus, resulting in adverse phenotypes most notably in the central nervous system. Epidemiologic studies implicate maternal infections in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, most commonly autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. In animal models, MIA causes neurochemical and anatomic changes in the brain that correspond to those found in humans with the disorders. As our understanding of the interactions between environment, genetics, and immune system grows, the role of alternative, noninfectious risk factors, such as prenatal stress, obesity, and the gut microbiome also becomes clearer. This review considers how infectious and noninfectious etiologies activate the maternal immune system. Their impact on fetal programming and neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring is examined in the context of human and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Minakova
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Barbara B Warner
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri
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Early Life Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Epigenetic Programming of a Pro-inflammatory Phenotype: a Review of Recent Evidence. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-018-0169-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Zhang Q, Berger FG, Love B, Banister CE, Murphy EA, Hofseth LJ. Maternal stress and early-onset colorectal cancer. Med Hypotheses 2018; 121:152-159. [PMID: 30396471 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is defined as colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed before the age of 50. Alarmingly, there has been a significant increase in EOCRC diagnoses' worldwide over the past several decades. Emerging data suggest EOCRCs have distinguishing clinical, pathological, biological and molecular features; and thus, are a fundamentally different subtype of CRCs. Unfortunately, there is no simple explanation for the causes of EOCRC. Scientifically rigorous studies are needed to determine what may be driving the challenging epidemiology of EOCRC. We contend here that a reasonable hypothesis is that prenatal risk factors such as maternal stress and associated sleeping disorders influence offspring epigenetic make-up, and shape immune system and gut health contributing to an increased risk for EOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Franklin G Berger
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bryan Love
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Outcomes Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Carolyn E Banister
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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Kiewiet MBG, Faas MM, de Vos P. Immunomodulatory Protein Hydrolysates and Their Application. Nutrients 2018; 10:E904. [PMID: 30011891 PMCID: PMC6073538 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory protein hydrolysate consumption may delay or prevent western immune-related diseases. In order to purposively develop protein hydrolysates with an optimal and reproducible immunomodulatory effect, knowledge is needed on which components in protein hydrolysates are responsible for the immune effects. Important advances have been made on this aspect. Also, knowledge on mechanisms underlying the immune modulating effects is indispensable. In this review, we discuss the most promising application possibilities for immunomodulatory protein hydrolysates. In order to do so, an overview is provided on reported in vivo immune effects of protein hydrolysates in both local intestinal and systemic organs, and the current insights in the underlying mechanisms of these effects. Furthermore, we discuss current knowledge and physicochemical approaches to identify the immune active protein sequence(s). We conclude that multiple hydrolysate compositions show specific immune effects. This knowledge can improve the efficacy of existing hydrolysate-containing products such as sports nutrition, clinical nutrition, and infant formula. We also provide arguments for why immunomodulatory protein hydrolysates could be applied to manage the immune response in the increasing number of individuals with a higher risk of immune dysfunction due to, for example, increasing age or stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mensiena B G Kiewiet
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marijke M Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Early life experience contributes to the developmental programming of depressive-like behaviour, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 95:196-207. [PMID: 28886447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study used an animal model of depression induced by maternal care deprivation (MCD) to investigate whether depressive behaviour, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress were underlying factors in developmental programming after early life stress. At postnatal days (PND) 20, 30, 40, and 60, individual subsets of animals were evaluated in behavioural tests and then euthanized to assess cytokine levels and oxidative stress parameters in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus and serum. The results showed that MCD did not induce behavioural changes at PND 30 and 40. However, at PND 20 and 60, the rats displayed a depressive-like behaviour in the forced swimming test, without changes in locomotor spontaneous activity. In the brain and serum, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) were increased, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10) level was reduced throughout developmental programming (PND 20, 30, 40 and 60). Protein carbonyl levels increased in the brain at PND 30, 40 and 60. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased during all developmental programming phases evaluated in the brain. Catalase (CAT) activity was decreased at PND 20, 40 and 60 in the brain. Our results revealed that "critical episodes" in early life stressful events are able to induce behavioural alterations that persist into adulthood and can stimulate inflammation and oxidative damage in both central and peripheral systems, which are required for distinct patterns of resilience against psychiatric disorders later in life.
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Liu HX, Chen T, Wen X, Qu W, Liu S, Yan HY, Hou LF, Ping J. Maternal Glucocorticoid Elevation and Associated Fetal Thymocyte Apoptosis are Involved in Immune Disorders of Prenatal Caffeine Exposed Offspring Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13746. [PMID: 29062003 PMCID: PMC5653827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) could induce intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and glucocorticoid elevation in the fetus. Researchers suggested that IUGR is a risk factor for T helper cell (Th)1/Th2 deviation. However, whether PCE can induce these immune disorders and the underlying mechanisms of that induction remain unknown. This study aimed to observe the effects of PCE on the Th1/Th2 balance in offspring and further explore the developmental origin mechanisms from the perspective of glucocorticoid overexposure-induced thymocyte apoptosis. An IUGR model was established by caffeine administration from gestational day (GD) 9 to GD 18, and the offspring were immunized on postnatal day (PND) 42. The results show that maternal glucocorticoid overexposure increased fetal thymocyte apoptosis by activating both the Fas-mediated and the Bim-regulated apoptotic pathways. After birth, accelerated thymocyte apoptosis and Th1 suppression were also found in the PCE offspring at PND 14 and PND 49. Moreover, the PCE offspring showed immune disorders after immunization, manifesting as increased IgG1/IgG2a ratio and IL-4 production in the serum. In conclusion, PCE could induce fetal overexposure to maternal glucocorticoids and increase thymocyte apoptosis, which could persist into postnatal life and be implicated in Th1 inhibition and further immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Xiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiao Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wen Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui-Yi Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Li-Fang Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Ping
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Schang AL, Sabéran-Djoneidi D, Mezger V. The impact of epigenomic next-generation sequencing approaches on our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders. Clin Genet 2017; 93:467-480. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-L. Schang
- CNRS; UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire; F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Univ Paris Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire PROTECT; Paris France
| | - D. Sabéran-Djoneidi
- CNRS; UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire; F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Univ Paris Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - V. Mezger
- CNRS; UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire; F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Univ Paris Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
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42
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Elbert NJ, Duijts L, den Dekker HT, de Jong NW, Nijsten TEC, Jaddoe VWV, de Jongste JC, van Wijk RG, Tiemeier H, Pasmans SGMA. Maternal psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy and risk of childhood atopic diseases. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:509-519. [PMID: 28109169 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy might affect the developing immune system and subsequent risk of childhood atopic diseases. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to examine the associations of maternal psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy with allergic sensitization, allergy and eczema in children until age 10 years. METHODS This study among 5205 children was performed in a population-based prospective cohort from foetal life onwards. We assessed maternal and paternal psychiatric symptoms (overall, depressive, anxiety) during pregnancy and at 36 months after delivery, and maternal psychiatric symptoms at 2 and 6 months after delivery using the Brief Symptom Inventory. Inhalant and food allergic sensitization were measured by skin prick tests, and physician-diagnosed inhalant and food allergy or eczema by questionnaires from birth until age 10 years. We used multivariate logistic regression, multinomial logistic regression or generalized estimating equation models where appropriate. RESULTS We observed no association of maternal psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy with allergic sensitization. Maternal overall psychiatric, depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of inhalant allergy only (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.96 (1.44, 2.65), 1.58 (1.25, 1.98) and 1.61 (1.27, 2.03), respectively, per 1-unit increase). Maternal overall psychiatric and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of eczema (1.21 (1.05, 1.39) and 1.15 (1.02, 1.29), respectively, per 1-unit increase). Effect estimates did not materially change when maternal psychiatric symptoms after delivery, or paternal psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy and after delivery were taken into account. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Maternal psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy were associated with increased risks of childhood inhalant allergy and eczema, independent of maternal psychiatric symptoms after delivery and of paternal psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Elbert
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H T den Dekker
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N W de Jong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T E C Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J C de Jongste
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Gerth van Wijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S G M A Pasmans
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Increased Fetal Thymocytes Apoptosis Contributes to Prenatal Nicotine Exposure-induced Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Male Offspring Mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39013. [PMID: 27976742 PMCID: PMC5157046 DOI: 10.1038/srep39013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine, a definite risk factor during pregnancy, is an immunomodulator. This study was designed to investigate the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) on the balance of Th1/Th2 in offspring, and further explore the developmental origin mechanisms from the perspective of fetal thymocytes apoptosis. Pregnant Balb/c mice were administered 1.5 mg/kg nicotine subcutaneously twice per day from gestational day (GD) 9 to GD18. Results showed that PNE could cause a Th2 shift in male offspring, manifested as increased ratio of IgG1/IgG2a, IL-4 production in serum, and IL-4/IFN-γ expression ratio in spleen. Increased apoptosis of total thymocytes and CD4SP and reduced cell proportion of CD4SP were found in PNE male offspring on postnatal day (PND) 14 and PND 49. In the fetuses, decreased body weight and organ index of fetal thymus, histological changes in fetal thymus, reduced CD4SP proportion and increased fetal thymocyte apoptosis were observed in nicotine group. The increased mRNA expression of genes involved in Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway and protein expression of Fas were also detected. In conclusion, PNE could cause a Th2 shift in male offspring mediated by reduced CD4+ T cells output, which may result from the increasing apoptosis of total thymocytes and CD4SP.
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Kiss D, Ambeskovic M, Montina T, Metz GAS. Stress transgenerationally programs metabolic pathways linked to altered mental health. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4547-4557. [PMID: 27188285 PMCID: PMC11108354 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Stress is among the primary causes of mental health disorders, which are the most common reason for disability worldwide. The ubiquity of these disorders, and the costs associated with them, lends a sense of urgency to the efforts to improve prediction and prevention. Down-stream metabolic changes are highly feasible and accessible indicators of pathophysiological processes underlying mental health disorders. Here, we show that remote and cumulative ancestral stress programs central metabolic pathways linked to mental health disorders. The studies used a rat model consisting of a multigenerational stress lineage (the great-great-grandmother and each subsequent generation experienced stress during pregnancy) and a transgenerational stress lineage (only the great-great-grandmother was stressed during pregnancy). Urine samples were collected from adult male F4 offspring and analyzed using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The results of variable importance analysis based on random variable combination were used for unsupervised multivariate principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, as well as metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) and pathway analysis. We identified distinct metabolic profiles associated with the multigenerational and transgenerational stress phenotype, with consistent upregulation of hippurate and downregulation of tyrosine, threonine, and histamine. MSEA and pathway analysis showed that these metabolites are involved in catecholamine biosynthesis, immune responses, and microbial host interactions. The identification of metabolic signatures linked to ancestral programming assists in the discovery of gene targets for future studies of epigenetic regulation in pathogenic processes. Ultimately, this research can lead to biomarker discovery for better prediction and prevention of mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Kiss
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Mirela Ambeskovic
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Tony Montina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
| | - Gerlinde A S Metz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
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Levandowski ML, Viola TW, Prado CH, Wieck A, Bauer ME, Brietzke E, Grassi-Oliveira R. Distinct behavioral and immunoendocrine parameters during crack cocaine abstinence in women reporting childhood abuse and neglect. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 167:140-8. [PMID: 27530287 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess plasma levels of cortisol and cytokines between cocaine-dependent women with and without childhood maltreatment (CM) history during cocaine detoxification treatment. METHOD We assessed immunoendocrine and clinical parameters of 108 crack cocaine female users during 3 weeks of inpatient detoxification treatment, and 24 healthy women to obtain reference values. Women with (CM+, n=53) or without (CM-, n=55) CM history were identified answering the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Blood samples and clinical assessment were collected before lunch during the first, second and third week post-treatment admission. Flow cytometry was used to assess TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A plasma levels and ELISA assay was used to measure plasma cortisol levels. RESULTS At baseline, lower Th1 and Th17-related cytokines levels and higher Th2 cytokines levels were observed in crack cocaine users compared with reference values. Cytokines levels of cocaine dependents gradually became closer to reference values along detoxification treatment. However, when CM+ and CM- groups were compared, increased levels of IL-6, IL-4 and TNF-α across time were observed in CM+ group only. Additionally, a Th1/Th2 immune imbalance was observed within CM+ group, which was negatively correlated with the severity of the crack withdrawal. Finally, loading trauma exposure severity, immunoendocrine and clinical parameters in factor analysis, we identified three clusters of observed variables during detoxification: (1) systemic immunity and trauma exposure, (2) pro-inflammatory immunity and (3) behavior CONCLUSION Our results suggest the existence of an immunological phenotype variant associated with CM exposure during crack cocaine detoxification of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Luz Levandowski
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), RS, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (PUCRS), RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), RS, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Children Health's, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (PUCRS), RS, Brazil
| | - Carine Hartmann Prado
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (PUCRS), RS, Brazil
| | - Andrea Wieck
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (PUCRS), RS, Brazil
| | - Moisés Evandro Bauer
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (PUCRS), RS, Brazil
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Research Group in Behavioral Neuroscience of Bipolar Disorder, Departament of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo Unifesp, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), RS, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (PUCRS), RS, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Children Health's, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (PUCRS), RS, Brazil.
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Mansur RB, Cunha GR, Asevedo E, Zugman A, Rizzo LB, Grassi-Oliveira R, Levandowski ML, Gadelha A, Pan PM, Teixeira AL, McIntyre RS, Mari JJ, Rohde LA, Miguel EC, Bressan RA, Brietzke E. Association of serum interleukin-6 with mental health problems in children exposed to perinatal complications and social disadvantage. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 71:94-101. [PMID: 27258821 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is consistent evidence that inflammation is involved in mental disorders pathogenesis. Herein, using data from the High Risk Cohort Study for Psychiatric Disorders, we investigated the relationship between parental mood disorders (PMD), environmental factors, serum interleukin-6 (IL6) and mental health problems in children aged 6-12. We measured the serum levels of IL6 in 567 children. Information related to socio-demographic characteristics, mental health problems and multiple risk factors, as well as parent's psychiatric diagnosis, was captured. We evaluated two groups of environmental risk factors (i.e. perinatal complications and social disadvantage) using a cumulative risk model. Results showed that higher serum levels of IL6 were associated with PMD (RR=1.072, p=0.001), perinatal complications (RR=1.022, p=0.013) and social disadvantage (RR=1.024, p=0.021). There was an interaction between PMD and social disadvantage (RR=1.141, p=0.021), as the effect of PMD on IL6 was significantly higher in children exposed to higher levels of social disadvantage. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between IL6 and mental health problems (RR=1.099, p=0.026), which was moderated by exposure to perinatal complications or social disadvantage (RR=1.273, p=0.015 and RR=1.179, p=0.048, respectively). In conclusions, there is evidence of a differential inflammatory activation in children with PMD and exposure to environmental risk factors, when compared to matched peers. Systemic inflammation may be involved in the pathway linking familial risk and mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B Mansur
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Graccielle R Cunha
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elson Asevedo
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Zugman
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas B Rizzo
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mateus L Levandowski
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Pan
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio L Teixeira
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jair J Mari
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís A Rohde
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eurípedes C Miguel
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Bressan
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil; PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental State, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Antenatal endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoids and their impact on immune ontogeny and long-term immunity. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38:739-763. [DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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48
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Cao-Lei L, Veru F, Elgbeili G, Szyf M, Laplante DP, King S. DNA methylation mediates the effect of exposure to prenatal maternal stress on cytokine production in children at age 13½ years: Project Ice Storm. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:54. [PMID: 27182285 PMCID: PMC4866030 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) is an important programming factor of postnatal immunity. We tested here the hypothesis that DNA methylation of genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway in T cells mediates the effect of objective PNMS on Th1 and Th2 cytokine production in blood from 13½ year olds who were exposed in utero to the 1998 Quebec ice storm. RESULTS Bootstrapping analyses were performed with 47 CpGs across a selection of 20 genes for Th1-type cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13). Six CpGs in six different NF-κB signaling genes (PIK3CD, PIK3R2, NFKBIA, TRAF5, TNFRSF1B, and LTBR) remained as significant negative mediators of objective PNMS on IFN-γ secretion after correcting for multiple comparisons. However, no mediation effects on IL-2, IL-4 and IL-13 survived Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides preliminary evidence supporting the mediating role of DNA methylation in the association between objective aspects of PNMS and child immune states, favoring a Th2 shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao-Lei
- />Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and Douglas Hospital Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3 Canada
| | - Franz Veru
- />Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | | | - Moshe Szyf
- />Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Sackler Program for Epigenetics and Developmental Psychobiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | | | - Suzanne King
- />Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and Douglas Hospital Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3 Canada
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Hughes MM, Connor TJ, Harkin A. Stress-Related Immune Markers in Depression: Implications for Treatment. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyw001. [PMID: 26775294 PMCID: PMC4926799 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression is a serious psychiatric disorder; however, the precise biological basis of depression still remains elusive. A large body of evidence implicates a dysregulated endocrine and inflammatory response system in the pathogenesis of depression. Despite this, given the heterogeneity of depression, not all depressed patients exhibit dysregulation of the inflammatory and endocrine systems. Evidence suggests that inflammation is associated with depression in certain subgroups of patients and that those who have experienced stressful life events such as childhood trauma or bereavement may be at greater risk of developing depression. Consequently, prolonged exposure to stress is thought to be a key trigger for the onset of a depressive episode. This review assesses the relationship between stress and the immune system, with a particular interest in the mechanisms by which stress impacts immune function, and how altered immune functioning, in turn, may lead to a feed forward cascade of multiple systems dysregulation and the subsequent manifestation of depressive symptomology. The identification of stress-related immune markers and potential avenues for advances in therapeutic intervention is vital. Changes in specific biological markers may be used to characterize or differentiate depressive subtypes or specific symptoms and may predict treatment response, in turn facilitating a more effective, targeted, and fast-acting approach to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Harkin
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience (Drs Hughes and Connor), and Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland (Dr Harkin).
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50
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St-Pierre J, Laurent L, King S, Vaillancourt C. Effects of prenatal maternal stress on serotonin and fetal development. Placenta 2015; 48 Suppl 1:S66-S71. [PMID: 26691753 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fetuses are exposed to many environmental perturbations that can influence their development. These factors can be easily identifiable such as drugs, chronic diseases or prenatal maternal stress. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the serotonin synthetized by the placenta was crucial for fetal brain development. Moreover, many studies show the involvement of serotonin system alteration in psychiatric disease during childhood and adulthood. This review summarizes existing studies showing that prenatal maternal stress, which induces alteration of serotonin systems (placenta and fetal brain) during a critical window of early development, could lead to alteration of fetal development and increase risks of psychiatric diseases later in life. This phenomenon, termed fetal programming, could be moderated by the sex of the fetus. This review highlights the need to better understand the modification of the maternal, placental and fetal serotonin systems induced by prenatal maternal stress in order to find early biomarkers of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey St-Pierre
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and BioMed Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Laetitia Laurent
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and BioMed Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cathy Vaillancourt
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier and BioMed Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada.
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