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Serra Comineti CDS, Schlindwein MM, de Oliveira Hoeckel PH. Socio-environmental externalities of sewage waste management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174109. [PMID: 38908579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Conventional sewage management is expensive and inefficient, putting the environment and public health at risk, making access to sewage services difficult for everyone. Reusing sewage waste has agricultural and economic potential, but can contain harmful contaminants if not treated properly. This review is based on the hypothesis that the destination of sewage waste generates environmental and social externalities, which have not yet been widely compared. With the aim of identifying, from the literature, the socio-environmental externalities generated by different sewage waste management approaches, a systematic review of the literature was carried out, including 244 documents, with 50 % of these discussing impacts of conventional treatment and 37 % analyzing the reuse of waste. The main impacts and externalities were evaluated in three situations: untreated sewage, treated sewage, and reused waste. The results indicate that sewage waste has an underutilized economic value and can generate revenue, reduce operational costs and electricity expenses. Six negative externalities generated by conventional sewage treatment were identified: health costs; environmental cleaning; carbon offsetting; damage to tourism; damage to fishing and agriculture; and real estate depreciation. In reuse, there is a risk of two negative externalities: health costs and environmental cleaning, but two positive externalities were also identified: the reduction of phosphate rock mining and the neutralization of carbon credits. The complexity of the transition to sustainable sewage treatment practices is highlighted given the lack of consensus on the safe use of sewage waste, the lack of regulatory standardization, implementation costs and differences in regional parameters, highlighting the need for preliminary experimentation in a multidisciplinary and contextualized approach, considering comparative externalities among the available sewage waste management possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila da Silva Serra Comineti
- Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Cidade Universitária, Dourados 79.804-970, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Costa e Silva, s/n° | Bairro Universitário, Campo Grande 79.070-900, Brazil.
| | - Madalena Maria Schlindwein
- Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Cidade Universitária, Dourados 79.804-970, Brazil.
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2
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Fernández-López C, González García M, Bueno-Crespo A, Martínez-España R. Biodegradation behaviour of pharmaceutical compounds and selected metabolites in activated sludge. A forecasting decision system approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2024; 22:229-243. [PMID: 38887771 PMCID: PMC11180058 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Society's support upon chemicals over the last few decades has led to their increased production, application and discharge into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) contain a multitude of these chemicals such us; pharmaceutical compounds (PCs). Often, their biodegradability by activated sludge microorganisms is significant for their elimination during wastewater treatment. In this paper the focus is laid on two PCs carbamazepine (CBZ) and diclofenac (DCF) and their main transformation products (TPs). Laboratory degradation tests with these two pharmaceuticals using activated sludge as inoculum under aerobic conditions were performed and microbial metabolites were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). In two different Mixed liquid Suspended Solids (MLSS) concentrations the biodegradability by activated sludge of CBZ and DCF were evaluated. Also, this article proposes a decision support system to optimize the prediction process of this type of pharmacological compounds. A study and analysis of the techniques of Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Decision Trees and Multilayer Perceptron Network is carried out to select the most reliable and accurate predictor for the decision system. There are not significant differences in the removal of DCF with 30 mg MLSS/L and 60 mg MLSS/L. DCF was better removed than CBZ in all experiments studied. The TP detected in the samples were mainly 4-OH-DCF for DCF and 10, 11 EPOXICBZ for CBZ. The results show that the best models are obtained with Random Forest and Multilayer Perceptron Network techniques, with a model fit of more than 95% for both carbamazepine and diclofenac metabolites. Obtaining a root means square errors of 0.80 µg/L for the metabolite 4-OH-DCF for DCF with the technique Random Forest and a root means square errors of 1.13 µg/L for the metabolite 10, 11 EPOXICBZ for CBZ with the Multilayer Perceptron Network technique. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-023-00890-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fernández-López
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Santiago de la Ribera, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mariano González García
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Avenida de la Paz, 137, 26006 Logroño, La Rioja Spain
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Beamud SG, Fernández H, Nichela D, Crego MP, Gonzalez-Polo M, Latini L, Aguiar MB, Diblasi L, Parolo ME, Temporetti P. Occurrence of Pharmaceutical Micropollutants in Lake Nahuel Huapi, Argentine Patagonia. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:1274-1284. [PMID: 38558040 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Tourism is one of the most important activities for the economy of Nor Patagonia Argentina. In Bariloche City, located on the shores of Lake Nahuel Huapi, both the permanent and the temporary populations have increased significantly in recent decades, and this has not necessarily been accompanied by an improvement in sewage networks. Emerging micropollutants such as pharmaceutical compounds reach aquatic systems directly, in the absence of a domestic sewage network, or through effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), which do not efficiently remove these substances and represent a major threat to the environment. Therefore, the objective of our study was to monitor the presence of pharmaceutical compounds discharged both through wastewater effluents and diffusely from housing developments into Lake Nahuel Huapi. The results obtained demonstrate the presence of pharmaceuticals in Lake Nahuel Huapi with concentrations ranging from not detectable (ND) to 110.6 ng L-1 (caffeine). The highest pharmaceutical concentration recorded in WWTP influent corresponded to caffeine (41728 ng L-1), and the lowest concentration was paracetamol (18.8 ng L-1). The removal efficiency of pharmaceuticals in the WWTP was calculated, and ranged from 0% for carbamazepine to 66% for ciprofloxacin. This antibiotic showed the lowest % of attenuation (73%) in Lake Nahuel Huapi. These results on the occurrence of a wide variety of pharmaceuticals are the first generated in Patagonia, representing a regional baseline for this type of micropollutant and valuable information for the subsequent design of removal strategies for emerging pharmaceutical pollutants in surface water. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1274-1284. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Guadalupe Beamud
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Horacio Fernández
- Sewerage Service, Treatment Plant, Cooperativa de Electricidad Bariloche, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Daniela Nichela
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Maria Paula Crego
- Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Marina Gonzalez-Polo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Lorena Latini
- Centro de Investigación en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - María Belén Aguiar
- Centro de Investigación en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Lorena Diblasi
- Centro de Investigación en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Parolo
- Centro de Investigación en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Pedro Temporetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
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4
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Sun P, Zhao W. Control list of high-priority chemicals based on 5-HT-RI functionality and the human health interference effects selective CNN-GRU deep learning model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169699. [PMID: 38181943 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The antidepressant drug known as 5-HT reuptake inhibitor (5-HT-RI) was commonly detected in biological tissues and result in significant adverse health effects. Homology modeling was used to characterize the functionalities (efficacy and resistance), and the adverse outcome pathway was used to characterize its human health interferences (olfactory toxicity, neurotoxicity, and gut microbial interference). The convolutional neural network coupled with the gated recurrent unit (CNN-GRU) deep learning method was used to construct a comprehensive model of 5-HT-RI functionality and human health interference effects selectivity with small sample data. The architecture with 2 SE, 320 neuronal nodes and 6-folds cross-validation showed the best applicability. The results showed that the confidence interval of the constructed model reached 90 % indicating that the model had reliable prediction ability and generalization ability. Based on the CNN-GRU deep learning model, seven high-priority chemicals with a weak comprehensive effect, including D-VEN, (1R,4S)-SER, S-FLX, CTP, S-CTP, NEF, and VEN, were screened. Based on the molecular three-dimensional structure information, a comprehensive-effect three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model was constructed to confirm the reliability of the constructed control list of 5-HT-RI high-priority chemicals. Analysis with the ranking of calculated values based on the molecular dynamics method and predicted values based on the CNN-GRU deep learning model, we found that the consistency of the three methods was above 85 %. Additionally, by analyzing the sensitivity, molecular electrostatic potential, polar surface area of the comprehensive-effect CNN-GRU deep learning model, and the electrostatic field of the 3D-QSAR models, we found that the significant effects of five key characteristics (DM, Qyy, Qxz, I, and BP), molecular electronegativity, and polarity significantly affected the high-priority degree of 5-HT-RI. In this study, we provided reasonable and reliable prediction tools and discussed theoretical methods for the risk assessment of functionality and human health interference of emerging pollutants such as 5-HT-RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixuan Sun
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Wenjin Zhao
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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Zillien C, Groenveld T, Schut O, Beeltje H, Blanco-Ania D, Posthuma L, Roex E, Ragas A. Assessing city-wide pharmaceutical emissions to wastewater via modelling and passive sampling. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108524. [PMID: 38458114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
With increasing numbers of chemicals used in modern society, assessing human and environmental exposure to them is becoming increasingly difficult. Recent advances in wastewater-based epidemiology enable valuable insights into public exposure to data-poor compounds. However, measuring all >26,000 chemicals registered under REACH is not just technically unfeasible but would also be incredibly expensive. In this paper, we argue that estimating emissions of chemicals based on usage data could offer a more comprehensive, systematic and efficient approach than repeated monitoring. Emissions of 29 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to wastewater were estimated for a medium-sized city in the Netherlands. Usage data was collected both on national and local scale and included prescription data, usage in health-care institutions and over-the-counter sales. Different routes of administration were considered as well as the excretion and subsequent in-sewer back-transformation of conjugates into respective parent compounds. Results suggest model-based emission estimation on a city-level is feasible and in good agreement with wastewater measurements obtained via passive sampling. Results highlight the need to include excretion fractions in the conceptual framework of emission estimation but suggest that the choice of an appropriate excretion fraction has a substantial impact on the resulting model performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Zillien
- Radboud University, Department of Environmental Science, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Thijs Groenveld
- Radboud University, Department of Environmental Science, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Odin Schut
- Open University, Department of Environmental Science, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Beeltje
- TNO, Environmental Modelling, Sensing and Analysis, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Blanco-Ania
- Radboud University, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo Posthuma
- Radboud University, Department of Environmental Science, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin Roex
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Ad Ragas
- Radboud University, Department of Environmental Science, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Mahgoub SM, Essam D, Eldin ZE, Moaty SAA, Shehata MR, Farghali A, Abdalla SEB, Othman SI, Allam AA, El-Ela FIA, Mahmoud R. Carbon supported ternary layered double hydroxide nanocomposite for Fluoxetine removal and subsequent utilization of spent adsorbent as antidepressant. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3990. [PMID: 38368467 PMCID: PMC10874413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluoxetine (FLX) is one of the most persistent pharmaceuticals found in wastewater due to increased use of antidepressant drugs in recent decades. In this study, a nanocomposite of ternary ZnCoAl layered double hydroxide supported on activated carbon (LAC) was used as an adsorbent for FLX in wastewater effluents. The nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface area analysis (BET). The adsorption investigations showed that the maximum removal capacity was achieved at pH 10, with a 0.1 g/L adsorbent dose, 50 mL volume of solution, and at a temperature of 25 °C. The FLX adsorption process followed the Langmuir-Freundlich model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 450.92 mg/g at FLX concentration of 50 µg/mL. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were used to study the adsorption mechanism of FLX and its protonated species. The safety and toxicity of the nanocomposite formed from the adsorption of FLX onto LAC (FLX-LAC) was investigated in male albino rats. Acute toxicity was evaluated using probit analysis after 2, 6, and 24 h to determine LD50 and LD100 values in a rat model. The FLX-LAC (20 mg/kg) significantly increased and lengthened the sleep time of the rats, which is important, especially with commonly used antidepressants, compared to the pure standard FLX (7 mg/kg), regular thiopental sodium medicine (30 mg/kg), and LAC alone (9 mg/kg). This study demonstrated the safety and longer sleeping duration in insomniac patients after single-dose therapy with FLX-LAC. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like FLX were found to have decreased side effects and were considered the first-line mood disorder therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar M Mahgoub
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Doaa Essam
- Nanomaterials Science Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Zienab E Eldin
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - S A Abdel Moaty
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Shehata
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Farghali
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Saif Elden B Abdalla
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science. College of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Allam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatma I Abo El-Ela
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rehab Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Hendricks R, Du Preez HH. Assessing the genotoxic potential of wastewater effluents from three wastewater treatment plants in South Africa. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2024; 22:278-289. [PMID: 38421622 PMCID: wh_2023_183 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2023.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants are mainly monitored for quality in terms of their biological oxygen demand and microbiological constituents as stipulated in the specific discharge permit. Wastewater influents and effluents were taken from three WWTPs in South Africa over the summer and winter seasons. Previous toxicity tests such as the Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence assay and the Selenastrum capricornutum algal growth inhibition test have shown that the effluents displayed acute toxicity. To further investigate the quality of the effluent, the genotoxic potential was determined using the SOS Chromosome and UMU Chromosome test. The SOS Chromotest demonstrated induction factor values of above 1.5 for influents during both seasons indicating that the influents were genotoxic (p < 0.05). Effluents discharged during winter and summer also had induction factors greater than 1.5 (p < 0.05). A range of induction factors was detected with the UMU-Chromotest for influents and effluents (1.98 ± 0.38 and 2.40 ± 0.51, respectively). Findings show point sources in the area can lead to influents and effluents that are potentially genotoxic. Designing a monitoring programme that encompasses testing of both the regulatory determinants with additional specialized tests can provide a more holistic view of wastewater quality and the efficiency of WWTP to reduce the discharge of hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahzia Hendricks
- Rand Water, Scientific Services Division, P.O. Box 3526, Vereeniging 1939, South Africa E-mail:
| | - Hein H Du Preez
- Rand Water, Scientific Services Division, P.O. Box 3526, Vereeniging 1939, South Africa
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Georgin J, Franco DSP, Meili L, Bonilla-Petriciolet A, Kurniawan TA, Imanova G, Demir E, Ali I. Environmental remediation of the norfloxacin in water by adsorption: Advances, current status and prospects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 324:103096. [PMID: 38309035 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics are considered as the new generation water pollutants as these disturb endocrine systems if water contaminated with antibiotics is consumed. Among many antibiotics norfloxacin is present in various natural water bodies globally. This antibiotic is considered an emerging pollutant due to its low degradation in aquatic animals. Besides, it has many side effects on human vital organs. Therefore, the present article discusses the recent advances in the removal of norfloxacin by adsorption. This article describes the presence of norfloxacin in natural water, consumption, toxicity, various adsorbents for norfloxacin removal, optimization factors for norfloxacin removal, kinetics, thermodynamics, modeling, adsorption mechanism and regeneration of the adsorbents. Adsorption takes place in a monolayer following the Langmuir model. The Pseudo-second order model represents the kinetic data. The adsorption capacity ranged from 0.924 to 1282 mg g-1. In this sense, the parameters such as the NFX concentration added to the adsorbent textural properties exerted a great influence. Besides, the fixed bed-based removal at a large scale is also included. In addition to this, the simulation studies were also discussed to describe the adsorption mechanism. Finally, the research challenges and future perspectives have also been highlighted. This article will be highly useful for academicians, researchers, industry persons, and government authorities for designing future advanced experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Georgin
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia; Instituto Tecnológico de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20256, Mexico
| | - Dison Stracke Pfingsten Franco
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Lucas Meili
- Laboratory of Processes, Center of Technology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57072-900, AL, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gunel Imanova
- Institute of Radiation Problems, Ministry of Science and Education Republic of Azerbaijan, 9 B. Vahabzade str., Baku AZ1143, Azerbaijan; UNEC Research Center for Sustainable Development and Green Economy named after Nizami Ganjavi, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), 6 Istiglaliyyat Str., Baku 1001, Azerbaijan; Department of Physics and Electronics, Khazar University, 41 Mahsati Str., Baku AZ1096, Azerbaijan
| | - Ersin Demir
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
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Zhang J, Zhang J, Ma T, Shen H, Hong G. Differences in the response of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to three antidepressants and their mixtures in different light-dark start cycles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13501-13511. [PMID: 38261224 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The use of antidepressants is increasing along with the continuing spike in the prevalence of depression worldwide. As a result, more and more antidepressants are entering the water and probably does harm to the aquatic organisms and even human health. Therefore, three antidepressants, including fluoxetine (FLU), citalopram (CIT), and aspirin (APC), were selected to investigate the toxic risks of antidepressants and their mixtures to a freshwater green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa). Due light is critical for the growth of green algae, six different light-dark cycle experiments were constructed to investigate the differences in toxicity and interaction responses of C. pyrenoidosa to antidepressants and their ternary mixture designed by the uniform design ray method. The toxic effects of individual antidepressants and their mixtures on C. pyrenoidosa were systematically investigated by the time-dependent microplate toxicity analysis (t-MTA) method. Toxicity interactions (synergism or antagonism) within mixtures were analyzed by the concentration addition (CA) and the deviation from the CA model (dCA) models. The results showed that the toxicities of the three antidepressants were different, and the order was FLU > APC > CIT. Light-dark cycles obviously affect the toxicity of three antidepressants and their combined toxicity interaction. Toxicity of the three antidepressants increases with the duration of light but decreases with the duration of darkness. The ternary antidepressant mixture exhibits antagonism, and the longer the initial lighting is, the stronger the antagonism. The antagonism of the ternary mixture is also affected by exposure time and mixture components' pi as well as exposure concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Huiyan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Guiyun Hong
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road, Hefei, 230601, China
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10
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Cochran KH, Westerman DC, Montagner CC, Coffin S, Diaz L, Fryer B, Harraka G, Xu EG, Huang Y, Schlenk D, Dionysiou DD, Richardson SD. Chlorination of Emerging Contaminants for Application in Potable Wastewater Reuse: Disinfection Byproduct Formation, Estrogen Activity, and Cytotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:704-716. [PMID: 38109774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
With increasing water scarcity, many utilities are considering the potable reuse of wastewater as a source of drinking water. However, not all chemicals are removed in conventional wastewater treatment, and disinfection byproducts (DBPs) can form from these contaminants when disinfectants are applied during or after reuse treatment, especially if applied upstream of advanced treatment processes to control biofouling. We investigated the chlorination of seven priority emerging contaminants (17β-estradiol, estrone, 17α-ethinylestradiol, bisphenol A (BPA), diclofenac, p-nonylphenol, and triclosan) in ultrapure water, and we also investigated the impact of chlorination on real samples from different treatment stages of an advanced reuse plant to evaluate the role of chlorination on the associated cytotoxicity and estrogenicity. Many DBPs were tentatively identified via liquid chromatography (LC)- and gas chromatography (GC)-high resolution mass spectrometry, including 28 not previously reported. These encompassed chlorinated, brominated, and oxidized analogs of the parent compounds as well as smaller halogenated molecules. Chlorinated BPA was the least cytotoxic of the DBPs formed but was highly estrogenic, whereas chlorinated hormones were highly cytotoxic. Estrogenicity decreased by ∼4-6 orders of magnitude for 17β-estradiol and estrone following chlorination but increased 2 orders of magnitude for diclofenac. Estrogenicity of chlorinated BPA and p-nonylphenol were ∼50% of the natural/synthetic hormones. Potential seasonal differences in estrogen activity of unreacted vs reacted advanced wastewater treatment field samples were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin H Cochran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Danielle C Westerman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Cassiana C Montagner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Scott Coffin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Lorivic Diaz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Benjamin Fryer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Gary Harraka
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ying Huang
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
- School of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Susan D Richardson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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11
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Bej S, Swain S, Bishoyi AK, Mandhata CP, Sahoo CR, Padhy RN. Recent advancements on antibiotic bioremediation in wastewaters with a focus on algae: an overview. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37545329 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2245166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic contamination from hospitals, animal husbandry, and municipal wastewater is graver than imagined, and it possess serious risks to the health of humans and animals, with the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria; those affect the growth of higher plants too. Conventional wastewater treatment methods adopted today are inadequate for removing antibiotics from wastewater. Intuitively, the remediation process using mixed algae should be effective enough, for which algae-based remediation technologies have emerged as sustainable remedial methods. This review summarized the detection of antibiotics in field water in most countries; a comprehensive overview of algae-based technologies, algal adsorption, accumulation, biodegradation, photodegradation, hydrolysis, and the use of algae-bacteria consortia for the remediation of antibiotics in wastewaters in done. Green algae namely, Chlamydomonas sp., Chlorella sp., C. vulgaris, Spyrogira sp. Scenedesmus quadricauda, S. obliquus, S. dimorphus, Haematoccus pluvialis, and Nannochlopsis sp., had been reporting have 90-100% antibiotic removal efficiency. The integration of bioelectrochemical systems and genetically engineered prokaryotic algal species offer promising avenues for improving antibiotic removal in the future. Overall, this review highlights the need for tenacious research and development of algae-based technologies to reduce antibiotic contamination in aquatic environments, for holistic good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvasree Bej
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Odisha, India
| | - Surendra Swain
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Odisha, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Bishoyi
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Odisha, India
| | - Chinmayee Priyadarsani Mandhata
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Odisha, India
| | - Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Odisha, India
| | - Rabindra Nath Padhy
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Odisha, India
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12
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Matin A, Jillani SMS, Baig U, Ihsanullah I, Alhooshani K. Removal of pharmaceutically active compounds from water sources using nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes: Comparison of removal efficiencies and in-depth analysis of rejection mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117682. [PMID: 37003228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Trace organic compounds from effluent streams are not completely removed by conventional purification techniques and hence, contaminating groundwater sources. Herein, we report the removal efficiency and rejection mechanisms of three common pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs); caffeine (CFN), omeprazole (OMZ), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), using commercial nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes with different surface characteristics. The RO membranes showed near-complete removal of all PhACs with rejection rates >99%. On the other hand, retention capabilities for the NF membranes varied and were influenced by the characteristics of the PhACs, membranes, and the feed solution. In general, during long-term testing, the rejection did not show much variation and followed a trend compatible with the size exclusion (steric hindrance) mechanism. When a real matrix was used, the rejection of CFN by the more tight NF membranes, HL TFC and NFW decreased by ∼10%, whereas the removal of SMX by the loose NF membrane, XN45, increased by the same ratio. In short-term testing, the rejection of negatively charged SMX increased significantly (∼20-40%) at a higher pH of ∼8 and in the presence of salts. Fouling by the PhACs was more severe on the high-flux NF membranes, HL TFC and XN45, as witnessed by the significant change in Contact angle (CA) values (∼25-50°) as well as the flux decline (∼15%) during long-term testing. To summarize, the removal of PhACs by membranes is a complex phenomenon and depends upon a combination of several factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Matin
- IRC Membranes & Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Umair Baig
- IRC Membranes & Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - I Ihsanullah
- Chemical and Water Desalination Engineering Program, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalid Alhooshani
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Äystö L, Vieno N, Fjäder P, Mehtonen J, Nystén T. Hospitals and households as primary emission sources for risk-posing pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115149. [PMID: 37356404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of pharmaceutical residues is known to occur in the environment. While they are released into surface waters mainly through centralized wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), their primary emission sources are located upstream in the sewer network. Information on emissions from different types of primary emission sources is scarce. However, such information could help direct emission reduction measures more efficiently. In this study, we analysed the concentrations of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in wastewater samples taken from altogether ten sites, covering primary emission sources (hospitals and households), and conventional WWTPs. The concentrations in WWTP effluents were used to identify APIs causing risk in recipient waterbodies. Furthermore, the API loads from households and hospitals were compared to those reaching the WWTP in mixed influents. Our results confirm previously published observations of several pharmaceuticals exceeding their predicted no-effect concentrations in effluent wastewaters. Moreover, the concentrations of most of the analysed APIs are comparatively high in hospital wastewaters, resulting in elevated risk quotients. While the total API loads are relatively low from primary emission sources, owing to the low wastewater volume generated at those sites, per capita emissions were shown to be several times higher at hospital sites than at household sites for APIs such as metronidazole, trimethoprim, and ofloxacin. These findings indicate, that directing emission reduction measures to hospitals could be an effective way to decrease the loads of several risk-posing APIs into the environment, especially where hospital contribution to overall wastewater flow to WWTPs is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Äystö
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Niina Vieno
- Laki ja Vesi ltd, Läntinen Rantakatu 37 C 40, 20100 Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Fjäder
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Mehtonen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Nystén
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Shen X, Yan B. Europium chelate-anionic exchange functionalized covalent organic frameworks for the sensing of aristolochic acid a in humans and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim in surface water. Talanta 2023; 265:124869. [PMID: 37364387 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The application of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in fluorescence detection is of great interest. Herein, we have synthesized the ionic covalent organic framework TGH+·PD: Eu(TTA)4 with the characteristic emission of lanthanides by a straightforward ion-exchange method. This is the first time that aristolochic acid A (AA), a key biomarker for absorption and metabolism in the body for early diagnosis of diseases, has been detected by using COF as a fluorescent probe, which exhibits a good linear correlation with the AA concentration over a range from 5.0 to 1000 μM with a detection limit of 0.0808 μM. In addition, the selective response to sulfamethoxazole (SMZ)/trimethoprim (TMP) is achieved by varying the excitation wavelength with detection lines of 30.2 nM and 2.898 μM, respectively. It is worth mentioning that BNPP has been developed for the accurate determination of SMZ in uncertain samples. In a word, the prepared TGH+·PD: Eu(TTA)4-based sensor can be used for the quantitative detection of AA and SMZ/TMP, separately, effectively extending the application of COFs in the field of fluorescence sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Shen
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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15
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Badawy MI, El-Gohary FA, Abdel-Wahed MS, Gad-Allah TA, Ali MEM. Mass flow and consumption calculations of pharmaceuticals in sewage treatment plant with emphasis on the fate and risk quotient assessment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3500. [PMID: 36859508 PMCID: PMC9977761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In Egypt, pharmaceuticals consumption increased dramatically owing to the population growth and the unrestricted sale manner. Accordingly, the occurrence and fate of nine common pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) were scrutinized at a sewage treatment plant (STP) in Giza, Egypt. The levels of these PhACs were assessed in different the wastewater treatment stages and dewatered sludge phase using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode arrays detector. The average concentrations of the total PhACs detected in influent, primary sedimentation effluent (PSE) and final effluent (FE) were 227, 155 and 89 µg L-1, respectively. The overall removal efficiency of the individual PhACs ranged from 18 to 72% removal. The occurrence trend revealed that biodegradation and adsorption are the concurrently removal mechanisms of the studied PhACs. The overall consumption per day in West of Greater Cairo was estimated based on influent concentration of STP. Sulfamethoxazole, paracetamol and diclofenac were detected with the highest levels in the influent of STP, PSE and FE as well as in the dewatered sludge. Furthermore, the high concentrations of these compounds in the sludge confirm the adsorption pathway removal of theses PhACs. The risk quotient (RQ) assessment for the detected PhACs in FE is greatly higher than the predicted non-effect concentration (PNEC). Conclusively, the FE of STP is considered a risky source for PhACs in adjacent surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I. Badawy
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fatma A. El-Gohary
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S. Abdel-Wahed
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tarek A. Gad-Allah
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. M. Ali
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
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16
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Ciślak M, Kruszelnicka I, Zembrzuska J, Ginter-Kramarczyk D. Estrogen pollution of the European aquatic environment: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119413. [PMID: 36470046 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Among the plethora of chemicals released into the environment, much attention is paid to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Natural estrogens, such as estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) are excreted by humans as well as animals, and can enter the environment as a result of discharging domestic sewage and animal waste. These compounds can cause deleterious effects such as feminization, infertility and hermaphroditism in organisms that inhabit water bodies. This study provides an overview of the level of estrogen exposures in surface waters, groundwater and river sediments in European countries. The conducted review shows that estrogen concentrations were within the range of 0.1 ng L - 10 ng /L in the majority of the tested environmental samples. However, the authors of the study point out that there are still many unexplored areas and a limited amount of data that mainly concerns Eastern European countries. The study also analysed the factors that influence the increased emissions of estrogens to the environment, which may be helpful for identifying particularly polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Ciślak
- Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Department of Water Supply and Bioeconomy, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Wielkopolska, Poland.
| | - Izabela Kruszelnicka
- Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Department of Water Supply and Bioeconomy, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Wielkopolska, Poland
| | - Joanna Zembrzuska
- Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan
| | - Dobrochna Ginter-Kramarczyk
- Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Department of Water Supply and Bioeconomy, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Wielkopolska, Poland
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17
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Tian J, Chen C, Lartey-Young G, Ma L. Biodegradation of cefalexin by two bacteria strains from sewage sludge. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:220442. [PMID: 36686552 PMCID: PMC9832293 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation has been used as an environmentally-friendly, energy-saving and efficient method for removing pollutants. However, there have been very few studies focusing on the specific antibiotic-degrading microorganisms in the activated sludge and their degradation mechanism. Two strains of cefalexin-degrading bacteria (Rhizobium sp. (CLX-2) and Klebsiella sp. (CLX-3)) were isolated from the activated sludge in this study. They were capable of rapidly eliminating over 99% of cefalexin at an initial concentration of 10 mg l-1 within 12 h. The exponential phase of cefalexin degradation happened a little earlier than that of bacterial growth. The first-order kinetic model could elucidate the biodegradation process of cefalexin. The optimized environmental temperature and pH values for rapid biodegradation by these two strains were found to be 30°C and 6.5-7, respectively. Furthermore, two major biodegradation metabolites of CLX-3, 7-amino-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid and 2-hydroxy-3-phenyl pyrazine were identified using UHPLC-MS and the biodegradation pathway of cefalexin was proposed. Overall, the results showed that Rhizobium sp. (CLX-2) and Klebsiella sp. (CLX-3) could possibly be useful resources for antibiotic pollution remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - George Lartey-Young
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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18
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Späth J, Brodin T, Falås P, Niinipuu M, Lindberg R, Fick J, Nording M. Effects of conventionally treated and ozonated wastewater on the damselfly larva oxylipidome in response to on-site exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136604. [PMID: 36179924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical residues discharged through insufficiently treated or untreated wastewater enter aquatic environments, where they may adversely impact organisms such as aquatic invertebrates. Ozonation, an advanced wastewater treatment technique, has been successfully implemented to enhance the removal of a broad range of pharmaceuticals, however diverse byproducts and transformation products that are formed during the ozonation process make it difficult to predict how ozonated wastewater may affect aquatic biota. The aim of this study was to investigate effects on fatty acid metabolites, oxylipins, in a common invertebrate species, damselfly larvae, after on-site exposure to conventional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and additionally ozonated effluent at a full-scale WWTP. Subsequent ozonation of the conventionally treated wastewater was assessed in terms of i) removal of pharmaceuticals and ii) potential sub-lethal effects on the oxylipidome. Northern damselfly (Coenagrion hastulatum) larvae were exposed for six days in the treatment plant facility to either conventional WWTP effluent or ozonated effluent and the effects on pharmaceutical levels and oxylipin levels were compared with those from tap water control exposure. Ozonation removed pharmaceuticals at an average removal efficiency of 67% (ozone dose of 0.49 g O3/g DOC). Of 38 pharmaceuticals detected in the effluent, 16 were removed to levels below the limit of quantification by ozonation. Levels of two oxylipins, 12(13)-EpODE and 15(16)-EpODE, were reduced in larvae exposed to the conventionally treated wastewater in comparison to the tap water control. 15(16)-EpODE was reduced in the larvae exposed to ozonated effluent in comparison to the tap water control. One oxylipin, 8-HETE, was significantly lower in larvae exposed to conventional WWTP effluent compared to ozonated effluent. In conclusion, the study provides proof-of-principle that damselfly larvae can be used on-site to test the impact of differentially treated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Späth
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Tomas Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, And Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE 90183, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Per Falås
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, SE 22100, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Mirva Niinipuu
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Richard Lindberg
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jerker Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Malin Nording
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
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19
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Li Y, Chen X, Wang X, Shang J, Niu L, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang W. The Effects of Paroxetine on Benthic Microbial Food Web and Nitrogen Transformation in River Sediments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14602. [PMID: 36361481 PMCID: PMC9657768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Paroxetine is a common pharmaceutical to treat depression and has been found to pose threats to aquatic organisms. However, little is known about the effects of paroxetine on the nutrient cycle in aquatic environments. Therefore, DNA metabarcoding is used in this study to analyze the effects of paroxetine on multi-trophic microorganisms and nitrogen transformation in river sediments. Although paroxetine has no significant effect on the diversity of microbenthos, changes in benthic nitrogen-converting bacteria are consistent with the change in the various forms of nitrogen in the sediment, indicating that paroxetine affects the nitrogen conversion process by affecting nitrogen-converting bacteria. In addition, it is found that paroxetine has the ability to influence nitrogen transformation in an indirect way by affecting the trophic transfer efficiency of higher trophic levels (meiofauna and protozoa, protozoa and protozoa), subsequently affecting the growth of nitrogen-converting bacteria through a top-down mechanism (i.e., predation).The results show that paroxetine affects nitrogen transformation directly by affecting nitrogen-converting bacteria and indirectly through top-down effects, emphasizing that the assessment of paroxetine's ecological risks should consider species within different trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xinqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- Jiangsu Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210013, China
| | - Xinzi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiahui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Huanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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20
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Liu Y, Xi Y, Xie T, Liu H, Su Z, Huang Y, Xu W, Wang D, Zhang C, Li X. Enhanced removal of diclofenac via coupling Pd catalytic and microbial processes in a H 2-based membrane biofilm reactor: Performance, mechanism and biofilm microbial ecology. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135597. [PMID: 35817179 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is a most widely used anti-inflammatory drug, which has attracted worldwide attention given its low biodegradability and ecological damage, especially toxic effects on mammals including humans. In this study, a H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (H2-MBfR) was constructed with well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles generated in situ. The Pd-MBfR was applied for catalytic reductive dechlorination of DCF. In batch tests, DCF concentration had significantly effect on the rate and extent DCF removal, and NO3- had negative impact on DCF reductive dechlorination. Over 67% removal of 0.5 mg/L DCF and 99% removal of 10 mg/L NO3--N were achieved in 90 min, and the highest removal of 97% was obtained at 0.5 mg/L DCF in the absence of NO3-. Over 78 days of continuous operation, the highest steady-state removal flux of DCF was 0.0097 g/m2/d. LC-MS analysis indicated that the major product was 2-anilinephenylacetic acid (APA). Dechlorination was the main removal process of DCF mainly owing to the catalytic reduction by PdNPs, microbial reduction, and the synergistic reduction of microbial and PdNPs catalysis using direct delivery of H2. Moreover, DCF reductive Dechlorination shifted the microbial community in the biofilms and Sporomusa was responsible for DCF degradation. In summary, this work expands a remarkable feasibility of sustainable catalytic removal of DCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yanni Xi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Tanghuan Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huinian Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhu Su
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yicai Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Weihua Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Xin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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21
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Liu W, Huang W, Cao Z, Ji Y, Liu D, Huang W, Zhu Y, Lei Z. Microalgae simultaneously promote antibiotic removal and antibiotic resistance genes/bacteria attenuation in algal-bacterial granular sludge system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129286. [PMID: 35777142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of microalgae growth on antibiotic removal and the attenuation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)/ARGs host bacteria in algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) system. In the presence of tetracycline (TC) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) mixture (2-4 mg/L), microalgae could grow on bacterial granular sludge (BGS) to form ABGS, with a chlorophyll-a content of 7.68-8.13 mg/g-VSS being achieved. The removal efficiencies of TC and SDZ by ABGS were as high as 79.0 % and 94.0 %, which were 4.3-5.0 % higher than those by BGS. Metagenomic analysis indicated that the relative abundances of TC/SDZ- related ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in BGS were 56.1 % and 22.1 % higher than those in ABGS. A total of 26 ARGs were detected from the granules, and they were identified to associate with 46 host bacteria. 13 out of 26 ARGs and 13 out of 46 hosts were shared ARGs and hosts, respectively. The total relative abundance of host bacteria in BGS was 30.8 % higher than that in ABGS. Scenedesmus and Chlorella were the dominant microalgae that may reduce the diversity of ARGs hosts. Overall, ABGS is a promising biotechnology for antibiotic-containing wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhenhua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanjing Zhu
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Beijing Representative Office, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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22
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Zawadzki P. Visible Light-Driven Advanced Oxidation Processes to Remove Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater: a Review. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2022; 233:374. [PMID: 36090740 PMCID: PMC9440748 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-022-05831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The scientific data review shows that advanced oxidation processes based on the hydroxyl or sulfate radicals are of great interest among the currently conventional water and wastewater treatment methods. Different advanced treatment processes such as photocatalysis, Fenton's reagent, ozonation, and persulfate-based processes were investigated to degrade contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) such as pesticides, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, disinfectants, dyes, and estrogenic substances. This article presents a general overview of visible light-driven advanced oxidation processes for the removal of chlorfenvinphos (organophosphorus insecticide), methylene blue (azo dye), and diclofenac (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). The following visible light-driven treatment methods were reviewed: photocatalysis, sulfate radical oxidation, and photoelectrocatalysis. Visible light, among other sources of energy, is a renewable energy source and an excellent substitute for ultraviolet radiation used in advanced oxidation processes. It creates a high application potential for solar-assisted advanced oxidation processes in water and wastewater technology. Despite numerous publications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), more extensive research is needed to investigate the mechanisms of contaminant degradation in the presence of visible light. Therefore, this paper provides an important source of information on the degradation mechanism of emerging contaminants. An important aspect in the work is the analysis of process parameters affecting the degradation process. The initial concentration of CECs, pH, reaction time, and catalyst dosage are discussed and analyzed. Based on a comprehensive survey of previous studies, opportunities for applications of AOPs are presented, highlighting the need for further efforts to address dominant barriers to knowledge acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Zawadzki
- Department of Water Protection, Central Mining Institute, Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland
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23
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Wang Z, Liang B, Hou Y, Li S, Xie L, Peng L, Zhang P, Wang A, Yun H, Li X. Weak electrostimulation enhanced the microbial transformation of ibuprofen and naproxen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155522. [PMID: 35489501 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) and naproxen (NPX) are commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with high-risk quotients and are frequently detected in various aquatic environments. A weak electrostimulated biofilm not only had improved removal efficiencies to IBU and NPX, but also transformed different enantiomers with comparable efficiency and without configuration inversion. IBU was transformed mainly by oxidation (hydroxyl-IBU, carboxy-IBU), while NPX was mainly detoxified. The microbial analysis of IBU and NPX biofilm showed that the shared core consortia (> 1%) contained typical electro-active bacteria (Geobacter, Desulfovibrio), fermenters (Petrimonas, Acetobacterium) and potential degraders (Pandoraea, Nocardiaceae), which exhibited synergistic interactions by exchanging the additional electrons, H+, coenzyme NAD(H) or NAD(P) (H) and energy. The fungal community has a significant correlation to those core bacteria and they may also play transformation roles with their diverse enzymes. Plenty of nonspecific oxidoreductase, decarboxylase, hydrolase, cytochrome P450, and other enzymes relating to xenobiotic degradation were high-abundance encoded by the core consortia and could potentially participate in IBU and NPX biotransformation. This study offers new insights into the functional microbes and enzymes working on complex NSAIDs biotransformation and provided a feasible strategy for the enhanced removal of NSAIDs (especially IBU and NPX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Duanjiatan Road #1272, Lanzhou 730020, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Si Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Duanjiatan Road #1272, Lanzhou 730020, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Li Xie
- Core Facility for Life Science Research, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Core Facility for Life Science Research, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Duanjiatan Road #1272, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Yun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Duanjiatan Road #1272, Lanzhou 730020, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Duanjiatan Road #1272, Lanzhou 730020, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environment Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road #222, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
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24
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Insight into the Crystal Structures and Potential of Two Newly Synthesized Naproxen-Based Hydrazide Derivatives as Potent COX-2 Inhibitors. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5781-5807. [PMID: 35819690 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medicines that are widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and bring down high temperature, literature confirmed that they still have harmful side effects. Most of their side effects are in the digestive system due to the carboxylic group. As naproxen is one of the NSAIDs, in this work, we try to mask the carboxylic group in naproxen with a relatively safe functional group. So, herein, we report the synthesis of new naproxen-based hydrazones derivatives, namely, (E)-N'-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethylidene)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propane hydrazide (4a) and (E)-N'-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propane hydrazide ethanol solvate (4b). The compounds were confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies. Hirshfeld surface analyses and energy frameworks of 4a and 4b have been carried out and blind molecular docking studies of them to the COX-2 enzyme were undertaken to obtain binding affinities for judging whether the compounds could act as anti-inflammatory agents. The compounds interact with the key residues: Arg120, Val349, Leu352, Tyr355, Val523, Ala527, Ser530, and Leu531 of the active enzyme pocket. Molecular dynamics studies predicted that the complexes of 4a and 4b with COX-2 are structurally stable and no major conformational changes were observed. Confirmation of the docking and simulation data was achieved by a binding free energies analysis that indicated the dominance of van der Waals energy. The compounds are drug-like molecules as they obey all prominent drug-like rules and have acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles. To investigate the relationship between their intrinsic electronic properties and their possible similarities to actual drugs, the gas-phase DFT optimizations and NBO analyses were also performed in this study.
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25
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Edefell E, Svahn O, Falås P, Bengtsson E, Axelsson M, Ullman R, Cimbritz M. Digging deep into a GAC filter - Temporal and spatial profiling of adsorbed organic micropollutants. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 218:118477. [PMID: 35487159 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A large pilot-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) filter was operated downstream in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant to remove organic micropollutants. To describe the spatial and temporal developments of micropollutant adsorption profiles in the GAC filter, micropollutants were extracted from GAC media taken at various filter depths and number of treated bed volumes. At a low number of treated bed volumes (2600 BVs), most micropollutants were adsorbed in the top layers of the filter. At increasing number of treated bed volumes (7300-15,500 BVs), the adsorption front for micropollutants progressed through the filter bed at varying rates, with sulfamethoxazole, fluconazole, and PFOS reaching the bottom layer before carbamazepine and other well-adsorbing micropollutants, such as propranolol and citalopram. Higher amounts of adsorbed micropollutants in the bottom layer of the filter bed resulted in decreased removal efficiencies in the treated wastewater. Mass estimations indicated biodegradation for certain micropollutants, such as naproxen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole. A temporary increase in the concentration of the insecticide imidacloprid could be detected in the filter indicating that extraction of adsorbed micropollutants could provide an opportunity for backtracking of loading patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Edefell
- Sweden Water Research AB, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 15, Lund SE-223 70, Sweden; Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.
| | - Ola Svahn
- School of Education and Environment, Division of Natural Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad SE-291 88, Sweden
| | - Per Falås
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Michael Cimbritz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
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26
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Ruas G, López-Serna R, Scarcelli PG, Serejo ML, Boncz MÁ, Muñoz R. Influence of the hydraulic retention time on the removal of emerging contaminants in an anoxic-aerobic algal-bacterial photobioreactor coupled with anaerobic digestion. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 827:154262. [PMID: 35271930 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluated, for the first time, the performance of an integral microalgae-based domestic wastewater treatment system composed of an anoxic reactor and an aerobic photobioreactor, coupled with an anaerobic digester for converting the produced algal-bacterial biomass into biogas, with regards to the removal of 16 contaminants of emerging concern (CECs): penicillin G, tetracycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, tylosin, trimethoprim, dexamethasone, ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen, diclofenac, progesterone, carbamazepine, triclosan and propylparaben. The influence of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) in the anoxic-aerobic bioreactors (4 and 2.5 days) and in the anaerobic digester (30 and 10 days) on the fate of these CECs was investigated. The most biodegradable contaminants (removal efficiency >80% regardless of HRT) were tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, tylosin, trimethoprim, dexamethasone, ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen and propylparaben (degraded predominantly in the anoxic-aerobic bioreactors), and tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, tylosin, trimethoprim and naproxen (degraded predominantly in the anaerobic reactor). The anoxic-aerobic bioreactors provided removal of at least 48% for all CECs tested. The most recalcitrant contaminants in the anaerobic reactor, which were not removed at any of the HRT tested, were enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, progesterone and propylparaben.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Ruas
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, Valladolid University, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism and Geography, Post-graduate Programme of Environmental Technology, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS), Campus Jardim, 79240-000 Jardim, MS, Brazil
| | - Rebeca López-Serna
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, Valladolid University, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Priscila Guenka Scarcelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, Valladolid University, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism and Geography, Post-graduate Programme of Environmental Technology, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Mayara Leite Serejo
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS), Campus Aquidauana, 79200-000 Aquidauana, MS, Brazil
| | - Marc Árpàd Boncz
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism and Geography, Post-graduate Programme of Environmental Technology, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Raúl Muñoz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, Valladolid University, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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27
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Hejna M, Kapuścińska D, Aksmann A. Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment: A Review on Eco-Toxicology and the Remediation Potential of Algae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137717. [PMID: 35805373 PMCID: PMC9266021 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of the aquatic environment has become a worldwide problem. The widespread use of pesticides, heavy metals and pharmaceuticals through anthropogenic activities has increased the emission of such contaminants into wastewater. Pharmaceuticals constitute a significant class of aquatic contaminants and can seriously threaten the health of non-target organisms. No strict legal regulations on the consumption and release of pharmaceuticals into water bodies have been implemented on a global scale. Different conventional wastewater treatments are not well-designed to remove emerging contaminants from wastewater with high efficiency. Therefore, particular attention has been paid to the phycoremediation technique, which seems to be a promising choice as a low-cost and environment-friendly wastewater treatment. This technique uses macro- or micro-algae for the removal or biotransformation of pollutants and is constantly being developed to cope with the issue of wastewater contamination. The aims of this review are: (i) to examine the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in water, and their toxicity on non-target organisms and to describe the inefficient conventional wastewater treatments; (ii) present cost-efficient algal-based techniques of contamination removal; (iii) to characterize types of algae cultivation systems; and (iv) to describe the challenges and advantages of phycoremediation.
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28
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Yu D, Ryu K, Zhi S, Otto SJG, Neumann NF. Naturalized Escherichia coli in Wastewater and the Co-evolution of Bacterial Resistance to Water Treatment and Antibiotics. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:810312. [PMID: 35707173 PMCID: PMC9189398 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.810312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance represents one of the most pressing concerns facing public health today. While the current antibiotic resistance crisis has been driven primarily by the anthropogenic overuse of antibiotics in human and animal health, recent efforts have revealed several important environmental dimensions underlying this public health issue. Antibiotic resistant (AR) microbes, AR genes, and antibiotics have all been found widespread in natural environments, reflecting the ancient origins of this phenomenon. In addition, modern societal advancements in sanitation engineering (i.e., sewage treatment) have also contributed to the dissemination of resistance, and concerningly, may also be promoting the evolution of resistance to water treatment. This is reflected in the recent characterization of naturalized wastewater strains of Escherichia coli-strains that appear to be adapted to live in wastewater (and meat packing plants). These strains carry a plethora of stress-resistance genes against common treatment processes, such as chlorination, heat, UV light, and advanced oxidation, mechanisms which potentially facilitate their survival during sewage treatment. These strains also carry an abundance of common antibiotic resistance genes, and evidence suggests that resistance to some antibiotics is linked to resistance to treatment (e.g., tetracycline resistance and chlorine resistance). As such, these naturalized E. coli populations may be co-evolving resistance against both antibiotics and water treatment. Recently, extraintestinal pathogenic strains of E. coli (ExPEC) have also been shown to exhibit phenotypic resistance to water treatment, seemingly associated with the presence of various shared genetic elements with naturalized wastewater E. coli. Consequently, some pathogenic microbes may also be evolving resistance to the two most important public health interventions for controlling infectious disease in modern society-antibiotic therapy and water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Yu
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Antimicrobial Resistance – One Health Consortium, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kanghee Ryu
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Antimicrobial Resistance – One Health Consortium, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shuai Zhi
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Simon J. G. Otto
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Antimicrobial Resistance – One Health Consortium, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Human-Environment-Animal Transdisciplinary Antimicrobial Resistance Research Group, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Healthy Environments, Centre for Health Communities, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Norman F. Neumann
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Antimicrobial Resistance – One Health Consortium, Calgary, AB, Canada
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29
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Wastewater effluent affects behaviour and metabolomic endpoints in damselfly larvae. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6830. [PMID: 35474093 PMCID: PMC9042914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plant effluents have been identified as a major contributor to increasing anthropogenic pollution in aquatic environments worldwide. Yet, little is known about the potentially adverse effects of wastewater treatment plant effluent on aquatic invertebrates. In this study, we assessed effects of wastewater effluent on the behaviour and metabolic profiles of damselfly larvae (Coenagrion hastulatum), a common aquatic invertebrate species. Four key behavioural traits: activity, boldness, escape response, and foraging (traits all linked tightly to individual fitness) were studied in larvae before and after one week of exposure to a range of effluent dilutions (0, 50, 75, 100%). Effluent exposure reduced activity and foraging, but generated faster escape response. Metabolomic analyses via targeted and non-targeted mass spectrometry methods revealed that exposure caused significant changes to 14 individual compounds (4 amino acids, 3 carnitines, 3 lysolipids, 1 peptide, 2 sugar acids, 1 sugar). Taken together, these compound changes indicate an increase in protein metabolism and oxidative stress. Our findings illustrate that wastewater effluent can affect both behavioural and physiological traits of aquatic invertebrates, and as such might pose an even greater threat to aquatic ecosystems than previously assumed. More long-term studies are now needed evaluate if these changes are linked to adverse effects on fitness. The combination of behavioural and metabolomic assessments provide a promising tool for detecting effects of wastewater effluent, on multiple biological levels of organisation, in aquatic ecosystems.
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30
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Gevao B, Uddin S, Krishnan D, Rajagopalan S, Habibi N. Antibiotics in Wastewater: Baseline of the Influent and Effluent Streams in Kuwait. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040174. [PMID: 35448435 PMCID: PMC9025492 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study provides baseline information on the concentrations of antibiotics in influent and effluent from two wastewater treatment plants in regular operation in the State of Kuwait. Wastewater samples were collected from the influent and effluent streams of two WWTPs, over four sampling campaigns and analyzed for a broad range of antibiotics. The mean influent concentrations of sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, and cefalexin were 852 ng/L, 672 ng/L, 592 ng/L), and 491 ng/L, respectively, at Umm Al Hayman WWTP. At the Kabd WWTP, the influent concentration of clarithromycin was highest with a mean of 949 ng/L, followed by ciprofloxacin (mean, 865 ng/L), cefalexin (mean, 598 ng/L), and sulfamethoxazole (mean, 520 ng/L). The dominant compounds in the effluent from Umm Al Hayman were sulfamethoxazole (mean, 212 ng/L), ciprofloxacin (mean, 153 ng/L), ofloxacin (mean, 120 ng/L), dimetridazole (mean, 96 ng/L), and metronidazole (mean, 93 ng/L). Whereas, at the Kabd WWTP, the dominant compounds were sulfamethoxazole (mean, 338 ng/L), dimetridazole (mean, 274 ng/L), cefalexin (mean, 213 ng/L), ciprofloxacin (mean, 192 ng/L), and clarithromycin (189 ng/L). The mean influent concentrations of all compounds were higher than those measured in the effluents. The concentrations of antibiotic compounds were not significantly different between the two WWTPs (p > 0.05). The removal efficiencies of the various antibiotics over the four sampling campaigns for the Kabd and Umm Hayman WWTPs ranged between 10.87 and 99.75% and also showed that they were variable and were compound dependent. The data clearly show that the concentrations of antibiotics measured in the influents of both WWTPs were highest in samples collected during the winter-summer (September samples) transition followed by the concentrations measured during the winter-summer (March samples) transition period. This is possibly linked to the increased prescription of these medications to treat infectious diseases and flu prevalent in Kuwait during these periods. This study provides the first reported concentrations of antibiotics in the dissolved aqueous influents and effluents of WWTPs in Kuwait. Additional studies are required to evaluate the environmental impact that antibiotic residues may cause since treated wastewater is used in irrigation, and often there are instances when untreated wastewater is discharged directly into the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bondi Gevao
- Environmental Protection Authority, Freetown 47235, Sierra Leone;
| | - Saif Uddin
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (D.K.); (S.R.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Divya Krishnan
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (D.K.); (S.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Smitha Rajagopalan
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (D.K.); (S.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Nazima Habibi
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (D.K.); (S.R.); (N.H.)
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Wan YP, Chai BW, Wei Q, Hayat W, Dang Z, Liu ZH. 17α-ethynylestradiol and its two main conjugates in seven municipal wastewater treatment plants: Analytical method, their occurrence, removal and risk evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152489. [PMID: 34942255 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work shows the existence of both 17-ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate (EE2-3S) and 17-ethinylestradiol-3-glucuronide (EE2-3G) in seven municipal WWTPs with substantial concentrations (n.d-50.10 ng/L). The calculated removal efficiencies of 17-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in the seven municipal WWTPs ranged from 40.8%-100% with an average removal efficiency of 83.3%. However, upon the inclusion of EE2 concentration transformed from EE2-3S and EE2-3G, the corresponding removal efficiencies were increased to 91.4%-100% with an average removal efficiency of 97.3%. This work is the first to clearly illustrate that EE2 conjugates in raw wastewater could greatly underestimate the removal effectiveness of municipal WWTPs on EE2, indicating the importance of the EE2 conjugates in municipal wastewater having been hardly paid with attention. The EE2-derived estrogen equivalence (EEQ) values in the effluents of seven WWTPs ranged from 0 to 0.98 ng E2/L having an average level of 0.45 ng E2/L, which were relatively low. However, upon the inclusion of EE2 transformable from EE2-3S and EE2-3G in effluents, the EE2-derived EEQ values in effluents would be increased to 0.77-4.85 ng E2/L having an average level of 2.71 ng E2/L, which clearly suggested that ignorance of EE2 conjugates in effluent would largely underestimate EE2's environmental risk to receiving water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Wan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Wen Chai
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Medical Devices Research and Testing Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Waseem Hayat
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Hua Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Adeleye AS, Xue J, Zhao Y, Taylor AA, Zenobio JE, Sun Y, Han Z, Salawu OA, Zhu Y. Abundance, fate, and effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127284. [PMID: 34655870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are found in wastewater, and thus, the environment. In this study, current knowledge about the occurrence and fate of PPCPs in aquatic systems-including wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and natural waters around the world-is critically reviewed to inform the state of the science and highlight existing knowledge gaps. Excretion by humans is the primary route of PPCPs entry into municipal wastewater systems, but significant contributions also occur through emissions from hospitals, PPCPs manufacturers, and agriculture. Abundance of PPCPs in raw wastewater is influenced by several factors, including the population density and demography served by WWTPs, presence of hospitals and drugs manufacturers in the sewershed, disease burden of the population served, local regulations, and climatic conditions. Based on the data obtained from WWTPs, analgesics, antibiotics, and stimulants (e.g., caffeine) are the most abundant PPCPs in raw wastewater. In conventional WWTPs, most removal of PPCPs occurs during secondary treatment, and overall removal exceeds 90% for treatable PPCPs. Regardless, the total PPCP mass discharged with effluent by an average WWTP into receiving waters (7.35-20,160 g/day) is still considerable, because potential adverse effects of some PPCPs (such as ibuprofen) on aquatic organisms occur within measured concentrations found in surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyemi S Adeleye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA.
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Alicia A Taylor
- Ecological and Biological Sciences Practice, Exponent, Inc., Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Jenny E Zenobio
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Yian Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA; Water-Energy Nexus Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Ziwei Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Omobayo A Salawu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Yurong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2580, USA
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Kolakovic S, Salgado R, Freitas EB, Bronze MR, Sekulic MT, Carvalho G, Reis MAM, Oehmen A. Diclofenac biotransformation in the enhanced biological phosphorus removal process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151232. [PMID: 34715209 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac is a pharmaceutical active compound frequently detected in wastewater and water bodies, and often reported to be persistent and difficult to biodegrade. While many previous studies have focussed on assessing diclofenac biodegradation in nitrification and denitrification processes, this study focusses on diclofenac biodegradation in the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process, where the efficiency of this process for diclofenac biodegradation as well as the metabolites generated are not well understood. An enrichment of Accumulibacter polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) was operated in an SBR for over 300 d, and acclimatized to 20 μg/L of diclofenac, which is in a similar range to that observed in domestic wastewater influents. The diclofenac biotransformation was monitored in four periods of stable operation and linked to the microbial community and metabolic behaviour in each period. Nitrification was observed in two of the four periods despite the addition of a nitrification inhibitor, and these periods were positively correlated with increased diclofenac biodegradation. Interestingly, in two periods with excellent phosphorus removal (>99%) and no nitrification, different levels of diclofenac biotransformation were observed. Period 2, enriched in Accumulibacter Type II achieved more significant diclofenac biotransformation (3.4 μg/gX), while period 4, enriched in Accumulibacter Type I achieved lower diclofenac biotransformation (0.4 μg/gX). In total, 23 transformation products were identified, with lower toxicity than the parent compound, enabling the elucidation of multiple metabolic pathways for diclofenac biotransformation. This study showed that PAOs can contribute to diclofenac biotransformation, yielding less toxic transformation products, and can complement the biodegradation carried out by other organisms in activated sludge, particularly nitrifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdana Kolakovic
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ricardo Salgado
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; ESTS-IPS-CINEA, Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Setúbal do Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Rua Vale de Chaves, Campus do IPS, Estefanilha, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Elisabete B Freitas
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria R Bronze
- iBET - Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal; Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maja Turk Sekulic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Feng C, Wang Y, Lu Z, Liang Q, Zhang Y, Li Z, Xu S. Nanoflower Ni5P4 coupled with GCNQDs as Schottky junction photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of norfloxacin. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Madikizela LM, Botha TL, Kamika I, Msagati TAM. Uptake, Occurrence, and Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Analgesics in Plants and Edible Crops. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:34-45. [PMID: 34967604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant uptake of pharmaceuticals that include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics from contaminated environment has benefits and drawbacks. These pharmaceuticals enter plants mostly through irrigation with contaminated water and application of sewage sludge as soil fertilizer. Aquatic plants withdraw these pharmaceuticals from water through their roots. Numerous studies have observed the translocation of these pharmaceuticals from the roots into the aerial tissues. Furthermore, the occurrence of the metabolites of NSAIDs in plants has been observed. This article provides an in-depth critical review of the plant uptake of NSAIDs and analgesics, their translocation, and toxic effects on plant species. In addition, the occurrence of metabolites of NSAIDs in plants and the application of constructed wetlands using plants for remediation are reviewed. Factors that affect the plant uptake and translocation of these pharmaceuticals are examined. Gaps and future research are provided to guide forthcoming investigations on important aspects that worth explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Mzukisi Madikizela
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort 1710, South Africa
| | - Tarryn Lee Botha
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort 1710, South Africa
| | - Ilunga Kamika
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort 1710, South Africa
| | - Titus Alfred M Msagati
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort 1710, South Africa
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Mathur P, Sanyal D, Callahan DL, Conlan XA, Pfeffer FM. Treatment technologies to mitigate the harmful effects of recalcitrant fluoroquinolone antibiotics on the environ- ment and human health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118233. [PMID: 34582925 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic proliferation in the environment and their persistent nature is an issue of global concern as they induce antibiotic resistance threatening both human health and the ecosystem. Antibiotics have therefore been categorized as emerging pollutants. Fluoroquinolone (FQs) antibiotics are an emerging class of contaminants that are used extensively in human and veterinary medicine. The recalcitrant nature of fluoroquinolones has led to their presence in wastewater, effluents and water bodies. Even at a low concentration, FQs can stimulate antibacterial resistance. The main sources of FQ contamination include waste from pharmaceutical manufacturing industries, hospitals and households that ultimately reaches the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The conventional WWTPs are unable to completely remove FQs due to their chemical stability. Therefore, the development and implementation of more efficient, economical, convenient treatment and removal technologies are needed to adequately address the issue. This review provides an overview of the technologies available for the removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics from wastewater including adsorptive removal, advanced oxidation processes, removal using non-carbon based nanomaterials, microbial degradation and enzymatic degradation. Each treatment technology is discussed on its merits and limitations and a comparative view is presented on the choice of an advanced treatment process for future studies and implementation. A discussion on the commercialization potential and eco-friendliness of each technology is also included in the review. The importance of metabolite identification and their residual toxicity determination has been emphasized. The last section of the review provides an overview of the policy interventions and regulatory frameworks that aid in retrofitting antibiotics as a central key focus contaminant and thereby defining the discharge limits for antibiotics and establishing safe manufacturing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi Mathur
- TERI-Deakin NanoBiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, 110003, India; Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Doyeli Sanyal
- TERI-Deakin NanoBiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, 110003, India; Amity University Punjab, IT City, Sector 82A, Mohali, 140308, India.
| | - Damien L Callahan
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Xavier A Conlan
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, (Waurn Ponds Campus), 75 Pigdons Road, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Frederick M Pfeffer
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, (Waurn Ponds Campus), 75 Pigdons Road, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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A review on environmental occurrence, toxicity and microbial degradation of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113694. [PMID: 34537557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) have surfaced as a novel class of pollutants due to their incomplete degradation in wastewater treatment plants and their inherent ability to promote physiological predicaments in humans even at low doses. The occurrence of the most common NSAIDs (diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, and ketoprofen) in river water, groundwater, finished water samples, WWTPs, and hospital wastewater effluents along with their toxicity effects were reviewed. The typical concentrations of NSAIDs in natural waters were mostly below 1 μg/L, the rivers receiving untreated wastewater discharge have often showed higher concentrations, highlighting the importance of effective wastewater treatment. The critical analysis of potential, pathways and mechanisms of microbial degradation of NSAIDs were also done. Although studies on algal and fungal strains were limited, several bacterial strains were known to degrade NSAIDs. This microbial ability is attributed to hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 because of the decrease in drug concentrations in fungal cultures of Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 on incubation with 1-aminobenzotriazole. Moreover, processes like decarboxylation, dehydrogenation, dechlorination, subsequent oxidation, demethylation, etc. also constitute the degradation pathways. A wide array of enzymes like dehydrogenase, oxidoreductase, dioxygenase, monooxygenase, decarboxylase, and many more are upregulated during the degradation process, which indicates the possibility of their involvement in microbial degradation. Specific hindrances in upscaling the process along with analytical research needs were also identified, and novel investigative approaches for future monitoring studies are proposed.
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Zhou H, Cui J, Li X, Wangjin Y, Pang L, Li M, Chen X. Antibiotic fate in an artificial-constructed urban river planted with the algae Microcystis aeruginosa and emergent hydrophyte. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 94:e1670. [PMID: 34859536 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The behavior and removal of six antibiotics, that is, azithromycin, clarithromycin, sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline, in an artificial-controllable urban river (ACUR) were investigated. The ACUR was constructed to form five artificial eco-systems by planting three emergent hydrophytes and Microcystis aeruginosa: (1) Control; (2) MA: M. aeruginosa only; (3) MA-J-C: M. aeruginosa combined with Juncus effusus and Cyperus alternifolius; (4) MA-C-A: M. aeruginosa combined with C. alternifolius and Acorus calamus L.; (5) MA-A-J: M. aeruginosa combined with A. calamus L. and J. effusus. The MA-C-A system achieved the best removal of azithromycin and clarithromycin after 15-day test with the final concentrations 0.92 and 0.83 μg/L. The contents of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline in sediment were highest, up to 1453 and 1745 ng/g. The antibiotic plant bioaccumulation was higher in roots rather than the shoots (stem and leaves). No target antibiotics were detected in algae cells. The combination of hybrid hydrophytes had a certain effect on the removal of antibiotics, and thus selecting appropriate hydrophytes in urban rivers could greatly improve water quality. The overall removal of six antibiotics was greatly improved by the ACUR containing the hybrid hydrophytes and the algae, indicating a synergistic effect on antibiotic removal. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Controllable-mobile artificial eco-systems were developed with emergent hydrophytes and M. aeruginosa. The M. aeruginosa + Cyperus alternifolius + Acorus calamus L. system removed azithromycin and clarithromycin most at the end of tests. Emergent hydrophytes and M. aeruginosa have a synergistic effect on the removal of antibiotics. The combination of emergent hydrophytes did play an important role in the removal of antibiotics. The artificial eco-systems containing the hybrid hydrophytes and the algae could greatly improve the overall removal of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Zhou
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyu Cui
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yadan Wangjin
- School of communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronics Information, Shanghai, China
| | - Lidan Pang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengwei Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Eluk D, Nagel O, Gagneten A, Reno U, Althaus R. Toxicity of fluoroquinolones on the cladoceran Daphnia magna. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:2914-2930. [PMID: 34431154 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the acute and chronic toxicological effects of six fluoroquinolones on the mortality and growth of Daphnia magna. The NOECs calculated with the multivariate Probit regression model for the chronic study were 56 μg/L ciprofloxacin, 63 μg/L enrofloxacin, 78 μg/L levofloxacin, 85 μg/L marbofloxacin, 69 μg/L norfloxacin, and 141 μg/L ofloxacin. The risk quotients were determined using the measure environmental concentrations reported in water sources from different countries. The risks were low and moderate in water samples from rivers and lakes, although concentrations of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin reported in some countries can cause toxicological damage to D. magna. In addition, urban wastewater and hospital wastewater samples constitute a threat to D. magna (high and moderate risks), requiring the treatment of these wastewater. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The NOECs calculated with the multivariate Probit model for the six fluoroquinolonas are between 56 μg/L ciprofloxacin and 141 μg/L ofloxacin. The levels of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin in urban wastewater and hospital wastewater produce moderate and high risks for D. magna. Water and river samples from some countries containing ciprofloxacin, norlfoxacin, and ofloxacin present high risks for D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafna Eluk
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Orlando Nagel
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ana Gagneten
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ulises Reno
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rafael Althaus
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Kodom K, Attiogbe F, Kuranchie FA. Assessment of removal efficiency of pharmaceutical products from wastewater in sewage treatment plants: A case of the sewerage systems Ghana limited, Accra. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08385. [PMID: 34825091 PMCID: PMC8605079 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals put the environment at high risk when found in products of wastewater treatment plants, hence need to be removed efficiently. This study quantified selected pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) (diclofenac, aspirin, paracetamol, and ibuprofen) in wastewater and evaluated its removal efficiency from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Samples were taken from the WWTP of the Sewerage Systems Ghana Limited (SSGL) for 18 consecutive days. Both effluents and influents were tested in the laboratory to determine the concentrations of the various pharmaceutical products. The results reveal diclofenac as the PhAC with the highest concentration in the influent with an average of 121.31 μg/ml. Paracetamol recorded an average of 65.54 μg/ml, then ibuprofen with an average of 19.54 μg/ml. Aspirin was the PhAC with the lowest concentration in the influent with an average of 0.27 μg/ml. Further assessment was also done on the trickling filter (biological filter) which is part of the process plant at the secondary stage to assess how the trickling filter aids in the removal of these selected pharmaceuticals. The average removal efficiency found were; diclofenac 74%, aspirin 93%, paracetamol 98%, and ibuprofen 99%. The technologies suggested for improvement, particularly for diclofenac, based on comprehensive literature were phototransformation and sorption of diclofenac onto sludge which occurs via absorption and adsorption, that can be adopted by the management of the WWTP at SSGL to help increase the removal efficiency of the selected PhACs. It was also identified that the trickling filter is the stage that substantially aids in the removal of the selected pharmaceuticals due to its special features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwadwo Kodom
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, P. O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Francis Attiogbe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, P. O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Francis Atta Kuranchie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, P. O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana
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Ciftcioglu B, Demirkaya E, Salih E, Soylu D, Ozyildiz G, Zengin GE, Guven D, Topuz E, Pala-Ozkok I, Insel G, Cokgor E, Tas DO. Insights into the acute effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on activated sludge systems with high solids retention time. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3920-3931. [PMID: 32406326 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1761456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increase in the occurrence of the pharmaceuticals in the environmental compartments is becoming emerging concern as it reflects their inefficient treatment in the wastewater treatment plants which are the main sources of these micropollutants. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly prescribed and frequently detected pain medications in wastewater treatment plants. A lab scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated for seven months and acute inhibitory effect of NSAIDs on activated sludge was tested with respirometry. Culture amendment with different concentrations of NSAIDs in the presence as well as absence of nitrification inhibitor resulted in considerable variation in the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) profiles. The decrease in OUR and nitrate production rate governed with reduced heterotrophic and nitrification activity. The kinetics of half saturation for growth and maximum autotrophic growth rates are determined to be affected negatively by the acute impact of anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals even at the environmentally relevant concentrations. High removal of tested NSAIDs was observed even for the first time introduce with these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengisu Ciftcioglu
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esma Demirkaya
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Salih
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilsad Soylu
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksin Ozyildiz
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Emel Zengin
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Guven
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Applied Biopolymer and Bioplastics Production Technologies Research Center, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Topuz
- Faculty of Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ilke Pala-Ozkok
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Güçlü Insel
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Cokgor
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Okutman Tas
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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42
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Gallardo-Altamirano MJ, Maza-Márquez P, Montemurro N, Pérez S, Rodelas B, Osorio F, Pozo C. Insights into the removal of pharmaceutically active compounds from sewage sludge by two-stage mesophilic anaerobic digestion. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147869. [PMID: 34051504 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The removal efficiencies (REs) of twenty-seven pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) (eight analgesic/anti-inflammatories, six antibiotics, four β-blockers, two antihypertensives/diuretics, three lipid regulators and four psychiatric drugs) were evaluated in a pilot-scale two-stage mesophilic anaerobic digestion (MAD) system treating thickened sewage sludge from a pilot-scale A2O™ wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) which was fed with wastewater from the pre-treatment of the full-scale WWTP Murcia Este (Murcia, Spain). The MAD system was long-term operated using two different sets of sludge retention times (SRTs) for the acidogenic (AcD) and methanogenic (MD) digesters (phase I, 2 and 12 days; and phase II, 5 and 24 days, in AcD and MD, respectively). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Illumina MiSeq sequencing were used to estimate the absolute abundance of Bacteria, Archaea, and Fungi and investigate the structure, diversity and population dynamics of their communities in the AcD and MD effluents. The extension of the SRT from 12 (phase I) to 24 days (phase II) in the MD was significantly linked with an improved removal of carbamazepine, clarithromycin, codeine, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, lorazepam, and propranolol. The absolute abundances of total Bacteria and Archaea were higher in the MD regardless of the phase, while the diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities was lower in phase II, in both digesters. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) plots showed strong negative correlations among phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and between genera Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina throughout the full experimental period. Strong positive correlations were revealed between the relative abundances of Methanospirillum and Methanoculleus and the methanogenesis performance parameters (volatile solids removal, CH4 recovery rate and %CH4 in the biogas), which were also related to longer SRT. The REs of several PhACs (naproxen, ketoprofen, ofloxacin, fenofibrate, trimethoprim, and atenolol) correlated positively (r > 0.75) with the relative abundances of specific bacterial and archaeal groups, suggesting their participation in biodegradation/biotransformation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Gallardo-Altamirano
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - P Maza-Márquez
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - N Montemurro
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Pérez
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Rodelas
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - F Osorio
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - C Pozo
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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43
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Ahmad A, Priyadarshini M, Das S, Ghangrekar MM. Electrocoagulation as an efficacious technology for the treatment of wastewater containing active pharmaceutical compounds: a review. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1972011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Azhan Ahmad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Monali Priyadarshini
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Sovik Das
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Makarand Madhao Ghangrekar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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44
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Yan J, Lin W, Gao Z, Ren Y. Use of selected NSAIDs in Guangzhou and other cities in the world as identified by wastewater analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130529. [PMID: 33878693 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mass load of pharmaceuticals in the municipal wastewater based on wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a good indication of population consumption in the catchment. After successful application of illicit drugs' estimation, this method holds the potential to measure the geographical and temporal consumption of prescription medicines. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen (ACM), diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU) and naproxen (NPX), in two wastewater treatment plants in Guangzhou City, China and compared the spatial and temporal consumption variation of them. Over a period of 28 days' sampling, the detection frequency of ACM, DCF, IBU, and NPX in the influent of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Guangzhou City were 91%, 66%, 100%, and 95%, and their concentrations were up to 128, 131, 372, and 324 ng/L, respectively. No significant inter-catchment difference was observed regarding the per capita mass load in the two WWTPs investigated. A literature review which covered 160 WWTPs in 18 countries was conducted to compare the population normalized mass load of four commonly used NSAIDs. ACM had the highest population normalized mass loads (29-17,430 mg/d/1000 inhabitants) and DCF had the lowest population normalized mass load (6.5-628 mg/d/1000 inhabitants) in the catchments located in 18 countries. The mass loads of selected NSAIDs in China were lower than those in European and North American. ACM and IBU consumptions were at least 2 times higher in winter than that in summer, in contrast, DCF and NPX consumptions had no significant seasonal variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingna Yan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Zhongzheng Environmental Science and Technology Service Co.,Ltd, 505, 5th Floor, Times-park Building, No.231 Gaotang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Wenting Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhihan Gao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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45
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Aydın S, Bedük F, Ulvi A, Aydın ME. Simple and effective removal of psychiatric pharmaceuticals from wastewater treatment plant effluents by magnetite red mud nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147174. [PMID: 33905924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Psychological disorders due to the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the consumption of psychiatric pharmaceuticals on a global scale in last year. These compounds reach wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) through sewerage system and are not sufficiently removed by using conventional treatment process. Psychiatric drugs released with WWTP effluent may cause possible risks to the receiving aquatic environment. Also, two antidepressants have been included in the "watch list" in 2020. Therefore, simple and relatively cost effective removal of psychiatric drugs from wastewaters becomes important. Magnetite red mud nanoparticles (RM-NPs) synthesized was applied for the removal of psychiatric drugs (fluoxetine, paroxetine, carbamazepine, diazepam, and lorazepam) in WWTP effluent first time in this study. The adsorption of carbamazepine as a model compound was fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Freundlich isotherm model better represented the sorption data than the Langmuir model. High adsorption capacity (90.5 mg/g) was reached at 30 min contact time at pH 6.5-7.0 at 25 °C. The adsorption rate was described by the pseudo second order model and its rate control mechanism was controlled by film diffusion. The magnetite RM-NPs were efficiently used for the removal of carbamazepine from real WWTP effluents. The adsorption capacity and the magnetic separability of the regenerated magnetite RM-NPs were unaffected five cycles. Due to its simple application, low cost and high adsorption capacity, magnetite RM-NPs can be recommended as a better adsorbent comparing to commercial adsorbents to remove psychiatric drugs from WWTP effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senar Aydın
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Bedük
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Konya, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ulvi
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Aydın
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Civil Engineering, Konya, Turkey
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Dos Santos Costa R, Quadra GR, de Oliveira Souza H, do Amaral VS, Navoni JA. The link between pharmaceuticals and cyanobacteria: a review regarding ecotoxicological, ecological, and sanitary aspects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41638-41650. [PMID: 34118004 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are important for ecosystem functioning, but eutrophication may affect the surrounding biome by losing ecosystem services and/or through affecting the cyanotoxins production that threatens ecological and human health. Pollution is an environmental issue that affects aquatic ecosystems worldwide, and the knowledge of the role of synthetic chemicals such as pharmaceuticals is still scarce. Therefore, studies coupling these two relevant issues are essential to better understand the ecological risks and the potential threats to public health. Thus, an overview of ecotoxicological tests performed in the literature exposing cyanobacteria to pharmaceuticals and the possible consequences regarding ecological and sanitary aspects was conducted. Moreover, a risk assessment was performed to enable a better understanding of pharmaceuticals affecting cyanobacteria ecology. Most of the studies found in the literature tested isolated pharmaceuticals in laboratory conditions, while others assessed mixture effects on in situ conditions. The endpoints most assessed were growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The studies also point out that cyanobacteria may present resistance or sensitivity depending on the concentrations and the therapeutic class, which may cause a change in the ecosystem dynamics and/or sanitary implications due to cyanotoxin production. The risk assessment highlighted that antibiotics are among the most relevant substances due to the chemical diversity and higher levels found in the environment than other therapeutic classes. This review highlighted gaps regarding cyanotoxin release into aquatic environments due to the occurrence of pharmaceuticals and the need for more realistic experiments to better understand the potential consequences for human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Dos Santos Costa
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Centro de Biociências, Natal, 59064-741, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Rabelo Quadra
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza, Juiz de Fora, 36036 900, Brazil
| | - Helena de Oliveira Souza
- Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro Programa de Pós-Graduação em Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Oceanografia Química, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brasil
| | - Viviane Souza do Amaral
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Centro de Biociências, Natal, 59064-741, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Natal, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Julio Alejandro Navoni
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, Centro de Biociências, Natal, 59064-741, Brazil.
- Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Diretoria Acadêmica de Recursos Naturais, Natal, 59015-000, Brazil.
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47
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Qiu H, Fan P, Li X, Hou G. Electrochemical degradation of DCF by boron-doped diamond anode: degradation mechanism, pathways and influencing factors. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:431-444. [PMID: 34312349 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been widely detected in wastewater and surface water, indicating that the removal of NSAIDs by wastewater treatment plants was not efficient. Electrochemical advanced oxidation technology is considered to be an effective process. This study presents an investigation of the kinetics, mechanism, and influencing factors of diclofenac (DCF) degradation by an electrochemical process with boron-doped diamond anodes. Relative operating parameters and water quality parameters are examined. It appears that the degradation follows the pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics. DCF degradation was accelerated with the increase of pH from 6 to 10. The degradation was promoted by the addition of electrolyte concentrations and current density. Humic acid and bicarbonate significantly inhibited the degradation, whereas chloride accelerated it. According to the quenching tests, hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and sulfate radicals contributed 76.5% and 6.5%, respectively, to the degradation. Sodium sulfate remains a more effective electrolyte, compared to sodium nitrate and sodium phosphate, suggesting the quenching effect of nitrate and phosphate on •OH. Major DCF transformation products were identified. According to the degradation products detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, hydroxylation and decarboxylation are the main pathways of DCF degradation; while dechlorination, chlorination, and nitro substitution are also included in this electrochemical degradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Qiu
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument and Equipment Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; School of Ocean Technology Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Pingping Fan
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument and Equipment Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; School of Ocean Technology Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument and Equipment Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; School of Ocean Technology Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Guangli Hou
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument and Equipment Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; School of Ocean Technology Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, China
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48
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A D, Chen CX, Zou MY, Deng YY, Zhang XM, Du JJ, Yang Y. Removal efficiency, kinetic, and behavior of antibiotics from sewage treatment plant effluent in a hybrid constructed wetland and a layered biological filter. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 288:112435. [PMID: 33823453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sewage treatment plant (STP) is the major point source of antibiotic contamination, yet the advanced treatment of antibiotic polluted STP effluent has not been given necessary attention. This study is conducted to evaluate the removal efficiency, kinetic, and behavior of sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and macrolides antibiotics from STP effluent in a hybrid constructed wetland (HCW) and a layered biological filter (LBF) at different hydraulic loading rates (HLRs). The results showed that the removal efficiency of antibiotics in all the HLRs was ranked as follow: quinolones of HCW (70-95%) > macrolides of HCW (58-77%) > tetracyclines of both systems (59-67%) > quinolones of LBF (28-64%) > macrolides of LBF (13-25%) > sulfonamides of both systems (<0%). The optimal HLR is 1.0 m/day for quinolones and 2.0 m/day for tetracyclines-macrolides in the HCW, and 6.4 m/day for quinolones-tetracyclines in the LBF, respectively. Although HCW performed better on the removal of most antibiotics, LBF exhibited stronger total loading toleration and higher removal loading ability to antibiotics. Among them, quinolones were markedly removed by multiple effect of substrate adsorption, microbial anaerobic degradation, and photolysis in the HCW (planted), and by filter sorption and interception in the LBF (unplanted); adsorption is the dominant elimination approach for tetracyclines in both systems; plant uptake plays a significant role on the removal of macrolides in the HCW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan A
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Chun-Xing Chen
- Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, 518001, China
| | - Meng-Yao Zou
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yang-Yang Deng
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jian-Jun Du
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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49
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De Vargas JPR, Bastos MC, Al Badany M, Gonzalez R, Wolff D, Santos DRD, Labanowski J. Pharmaceutical compound removal efficiency by a small constructed wetland located in south Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:30955-30974. [PMID: 33594565 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fate of pharmaceuticals during the treatment of effluents is of major concern since they are not completely degraded and because of their persistence and mobility in environment. Indeed, even at low concentrations, they represent a risk to aquatic life and human health. In this work, fourteen pharmaceuticals were monitored in a constructed wetland wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) assessed in both influent and effluent samples. The basic water quality parameters were evaluated, and the removal efficiency of pharmaceutical, potential for bioaccumulation, and the impact of WWTP were assessed using Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) and biofilms. The pharmaceutical compounds were quantified by High Performance Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The sampling campaign was carried out during winter (July/2018) and summer (January/2019). The WWTP performed well regarding the removal of TSS, COD, and BOD5 and succeeded to eliminate a significant part of the organic and inorganic pollution present in domestic wastewater but has low efficiency regarding the removal of pharmaceutical compounds. Biofilms were shown to interact with pharmaceuticals and were reported to play a role in their capture from water. The antibiotics were reported to display a high risk for aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelina Paranhos Rosa De Vargas
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France.
| | - Marília Camotti Bastos
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
| | - Maha Al Badany
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
| | - Rolando Gonzalez
- Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Delmira Wolff
- Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Danilo Rheinheimer Dos Santos
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jérôme Labanowski
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France
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50
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Son DJ, Kim CS, Park JW, Lee SH, Chung HM, Jeong DH. Spatial variation of pharmaceuticals in the unit processes of full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants in Korea. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112150. [PMID: 33611069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several reports have elucidated the removal of pharmaceutical residues in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, there remains a need to determine the spatial distribution of pharmaceuticals in the unit processes of full-scale municipal WWTPs. Herein, spatial variations of fifteen pharmaceuticals in the unit processes of four full-scale municipal WWTPs were assessed by analyzing both solid and liquid samples. Furthermore, different pathways of each pharmaceutical such as biodegradation, adsorption, deconjugation, and electrostatic interaction were investigated. Pharmaceutical mass loading were measured at various points for the different unit process and evaluated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The average mass loading of acetaminophen and caffeine decreased tremendously in the first biological treatment process regardless of the process configuration. In contrast, a temporary increase was observed in the mass loading of ibuprofen in the anaerobic and/or anoxic processes, which was presumably caused by deconjugation. Additionally, the adverse effect of coagulation on ibuprofen removal was validated. The major removal mechanism for the selected antibiotics, except for sulfamethoxazole, was the adsorption by biosolids due to electrostatic interaction. Subsequently, a drastic decrease was observed in their mass loadings in the solid-liquid separation process of the WWTPs. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) shows excellent capability for mitigation of pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater because it comprises a high concentration of biosolids that act as adsorbents. The evaluation of the spatial variations of the selected pharmaceuticals in different unit processes provides valuable information on their behavior and removal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jin Son
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Kim
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Park
- Division of Monitoring and Analysis, Yeongsan River Basin Environmental Office, Gwangju, 61945, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyung Lee
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyen-Mi Chung
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwan Jeong
- Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
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