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Schonblum A, Ali Naser D, Ovadia S, Egbaria M, Puyesky S, Epshtein A, Wald T, Mercado-Medrez S, Ashery-Padan R, Landsman L. Beneficial islet inflammation in health depends on pericytic TLR/MyD88 signaling. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e179335. [PMID: 38885342 PMCID: PMC11245159 DOI: 10.1172/jci179335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
While inflammation is beneficial for insulin secretion during homeostasis, its transformation adversely affects β cells and contributes to diabetes. However, the regulation of islet inflammation for maintaining glucose homeostasis remains largely unknown. Here, we identified pericytes as pivotal regulators of islet immune and β cell function in health. Islets and pancreatic pericytes express various cytokines in healthy humans and mice. To interfere with the pericytic inflammatory response, we selectively inhibited the TLR/MyD88 pathway in these cells in transgenic mice. The loss of MyD88 impaired pericytic cytokine production. Furthermore, MyD88-deficient mice exhibited skewed islet inflammation with fewer cells, an impaired macrophage phenotype, and reduced IL-1β production. This aberrant pericyte-orchestrated islet inflammation was associated with β cell dedifferentiation and impaired glucose response. Additionally, we found that Cxcl1, a pericytic MyD88-dependent cytokine, promoted immune IL-1β production. Treatment with either Cxcl1 or IL-1β restored the mature β cell phenotype and glucose response in transgenic mice, suggesting a potential mechanism through which pericytes and immune cells regulate glucose homeostasis. Our study revealed pericyte-orchestrated islet inflammation as a crucial element in glucose regulation, implicating this process as a potential therapeutic target for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Schonblum
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Dunia Ali Naser
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Shai Ovadia
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mohammed Egbaria
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Shani Puyesky
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Alona Epshtein
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Tomer Wald
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Sophia Mercado-Medrez
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Ruth Ashery-Padan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Limor Landsman
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
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2
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Qin J, Yang Q, Wang Y, Shi M, Zhao X, Zhou Y. The role of pyroptosis in heart failure and related traditional chinese medicine treatments. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1377359. [PMID: 38868667 PMCID: PMC11168204 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1377359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that is mediated by both typical and atypical pathways and ultimately leads to the lysis and rupture of cell membranes and the release of proinflammatory factors, triggering an intense inflammatory response. Heart failure (HF) is a serious and terminal stage of various heart diseases. Myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, ventricular remodeling, oxidative stress, the inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte ionic disorders caused by various cardiac diseases are all risk factors for and aggravate HF. Numerous studies have shown that pyroptosis can induce and exacerbate these reactions, causing progression to HF. Therefore, targeting pyroptosis is a promising strategy to treat HF. This paper summarizes the role of pyroptosis in the development of HF and the underlying mechanism involved. Recent research progress on the ability of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extracts and formulas to inhibit pyroptosis and treat HF was summarized, and some traditional Chinese medicine extracts and formulas can alleviate different types of HF, including heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and heart failure with midrange ejection fraction (HFmrEF), by targeting pyroptosis. These findings may provide new ideas and evidence for the treatment or adjuvant treatment of HF by targeting pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qin
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianhe Yang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mengdi Shi
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yabin Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Jiang Q, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Ma C, Peng X, Wu X, Liu X, Wang R, Hou S, Kong L, Wan Y, Wang S, Meng ZX, Cui B, Chen L, Li P. Galectin-3 impairs calcium transients and β-cell function. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3682. [PMID: 38693121 PMCID: PMC11063191 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47959-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In diabetes, macrophages and inflammation are increased in the islets, along with β-cell dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that galectin-3 (Gal3), mainly produced and secreted by macrophages, is elevated in islets from both high-fat diet (HFD)-fed and diabetic db/db mice. Gal3 acutely reduces glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in β-cell lines and primary islets in mice and humans. Importantly, Gal3 binds to calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 1 (CACNG1) and inhibits calcium influx via the cytomembrane and subsequent GSIS. β-Cell CACNG1 deficiency phenocopies Gal3 treatment. Inhibition of Gal3 through either genetic or pharmacologic loss of function improves GSIS and glucose homeostasis in both HFD-fed and db/db mice. All animal findings are applicable to male mice. Here we show a role of Gal3 in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and Gal3 could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Grants
- the National Natural Science Foundation China (82104263 to Q.J., 81622010 to P.L., 82104259 to Q.Z., and 82304591 to Y.W.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0205400 to P.L.), the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (2017RC31009 and 2018PT35004), the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2021-I2M-1-026 to Q.J. and 2021-I2M-1-016), the Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program (BJJWZYJH01201910023028 to P.L.), and the Special Research Fund for Central Universities, Peking Union Medical College (3332021041 to Q.Z., 3332022047 Y.W.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qijin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yibing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chunxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xingfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ruoran Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaocong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lijuan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanjun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhuo-Xian Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China.
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4
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Aizenshtadt A, Wang C, Abadpour S, Menezes PD, Wilhelmsen I, Dalmao-Fernandez A, Stokowiec J, Golovin A, Johnsen M, Combriat TMD, Røberg-Larsen H, Gadegaard N, Scholz H, Busek M, Krauss SJK. Pump-Less, Recirculating Organ-on-Chip (rOoC) Platform to Model the Metabolic Crosstalk between Islets and Liver. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303785. [PMID: 38221504 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are epidemiologically correlated disorders with a worldwide growing prevalence. While the mechanisms leading to the onset and development of these conditions are not fully understood, predictive tissue representations for studying the coordinated interactions between central organs that regulate energy metabolism, particularly the liver and pancreatic islets, are needed. Here, a dual pump-less recirculating organ-on-chip platform that combines human pluripotent stem cell (sc)-derived sc-liver and sc-islet organoids is presented. The platform reproduces key aspects of the metabolic cross-talk between both organs, including glucose levels and selected hormones, and supports the viability and functionality of both sc-islet and sc-liver organoids while preserving a reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In a model of metabolic disruption in response to treatment with high lipids and fructose, sc-liver organoids exhibit hallmarks of steatosis and insulin resistance, while sc-islets produce pro-inflammatory cytokines on-chip. Finally, the platform reproduces known effects of anti-diabetic drugs on-chip. Taken together, the platform provides a basis for functional studies of obesity, T2DM, and MASLD on-chip, as well as for testing potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Aizenshtadt
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Chencheng Wang
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Transplantation Medicine, Experimental Cell Transplantation Research Group, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Shadab Abadpour
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Transplantation Medicine, Experimental Cell Transplantation Research Group, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pedro Duarte Menezes
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Ingrid Wilhelmsen
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Andrea Dalmao-Fernandez
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1083, Oslo, 0316, Norway
| | - Justyna Stokowiec
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Alexey Golovin
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Mads Johnsen
- Section for Chemical Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Oslo, 0315, Norway
| | - Thomas M D Combriat
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Hanne Røberg-Larsen
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Section for Chemical Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Oslo, 0315, Norway
| | - Nikolaj Gadegaard
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Hanne Scholz
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Transplantation Medicine, Experimental Cell Transplantation Research Group, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Mathias Busek
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
| | - Stefan J K Krauss
- Hybrid Technology Hub Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Oslo, 0317, Norway
- Dep. of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Oslo, 0424, Norway
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5
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Zhang Y, Cong R, Lv T, Liu K, Chang X, Li Y, Han X, Zhu Y. Islet-resident macrophage-derived miR-155 promotes β cell decompensation via targeting PDX1. iScience 2024; 27:109540. [PMID: 38577099 PMCID: PMC10993184 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is critical for the initiation and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus via causing both insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell dysfunction. miR-155, highly expressed in macrophages, is a master regulator of chronic inflammation. Here we show that blocking a macrophage-derived exosomal miR-155 (MDE-miR-155) mitigates the insulin resistances and glucose intolerances in high-fat-diet (HFD) feeding and type-2 diabetic db/db mice. Lentivirus-based miR-155 sponge decreases the level of miR-155 in the pancreas and improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) ability of β cells, thus leading to improvements of insulin sensitivities in the liver and adipose tissues. Mechanistically, miR-155 increases its expression in HFD and db/db islets and is released as exosomes by islet-resident macrophages under metabolic stressed conditions. MDE-miR-155 enters β cells and causes defects in GSIS function and insulin biosynthesis via the miR-155-PDX1 axis. Our findings offer a treatment strategy for inflammation-associated diabetes via targeting miR-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Rong Cong
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Kerong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yating Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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6
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Yang X, Li W, Ding M, Liu KJ, Qi Z, Zhao Y. Contribution of zinc accumulation to ischemic brain injury and its mechanisms about oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy: an update. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae012. [PMID: 38419293 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and presently, there is no effective neuroprotective therapy. Zinc is an essential trace element that plays important physiological roles in the central nervous system. Free zinc concentration is tightly regulated by zinc-related proteins in the brain under normal conditions. Disruption of zinc homeostasis, however, has been found to play an important role in the mechanism of brain injury following ischemic stroke. A large of free zinc releases from storage sites after cerebral ischemia, which affects the functions and survival of nerve cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, resulting in cell death. Ischemia-triggered intracellular zinc accumulation also disrupts the function of blood-brain barrier via increasing its permeability, impairing endothelial cell function, and altering tight junction levels. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation have been reported to be as major pathological mechanisms in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Studies have showed that the accumulation of intracellular free zinc could impair mitochondrial function to result in oxidative stress, and form a positive feedback loop between zinc accumulation and reactive oxygen species production, which leads to a series of harmful reactions. Meanwhile, elevated intracellular zinc leads to neuroinflammation. Recent studies also showed that autophagy is one of the important mechanisms of zinc toxicity after ischemic injury. Interrupting the accumulation of zinc will reduce cerebral ischemia injury and improve neurological outcomes. This review summarizes the role of zinc toxicity in cellular and tissue damage following cerebral ischemia, focusing on the mechanisms about oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Mao Ding
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Zhifeng Qi
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yongmei Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
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7
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Zhu Y, Yang M, Xu W, Zhang Y, Pan L, Wang L, Wang F, Lu Y. The collagen matrix regulates the survival and function of pancreatic islets. Endocrine 2024; 83:537-547. [PMID: 37999835 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides an appropriate microenvironment for many kinds of cells, including pancreatic cells. Collagens are the most abundant components of the ECM. Type I, IV, V and VI collagen has been detected in pancreatic islets, and each type plays important role in the proliferation, survival, function and differentiation of pancreatic cells. In some cases, collagens show behaviours similar to those of growth factors and regulate the biological behaviour of β cells by binding with certain growth factors, including IGFs, EGFs and FGFs. The transcriptional coactivator YAP/TAZ has been widely recognised as a mechanosensor that senses changes in the physical characteristics of the ECM and inhibition of YAP/TAZ enhances insulin production and secretion. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the destruction of insulin-producing β cells. The crosstalk between collagens and immune cells plays a key role in the development and differentiation of immune cells. Further, Supplementation with collagens during islet transplantation is a promising strategy for improving the quality of the islets. But, excessive collagen deposition results in pancreatic fibrosis and pancreatic carcinoma. Targeting inhibit Piezo, autophagy or IL-6 may reduce excessive collagen deposition-induced pancreatic fibrosis and pancreatic carcinoma. This review provides insights into the treatment of T1DM to prolong life expectancy and provides the potential targets for treating collagen deposition-induced pancreatic fibrosis and pancreatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Wanli Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanting Lu
- Traditional Chinese Medical college, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250300, Shandong, China.
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8
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Camaya I, O’Brien B, Donnelly S. How do parasitic worms prevent diabetes? An exploration of their influence on macrophage and β-cell crosstalk. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205219. [PMID: 37564976 PMCID: PMC10411736 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the fastest growing chronic disease globally, with prevalence increasing at a faster rate than heart disease and cancer. While the disease presents clinically as chronic hyperglycaemia, two distinct subtypes have been recognised. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterised as an autoimmune disease in which the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells are destroyed, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) arises due to metabolic insufficiency, in which inadequate amounts of insulin are produced, and/or the actions of insulin are diminished. It is now apparent that pro-inflammatory responses cause a loss of functional β-cell mass, and this is the common underlying mechanism of both T1D and T2D. Macrophages are the central immune cells in the pathogenesis of both diseases and play a major role in the initiation and perpetuation of the proinflammatory responses that compromise β-cell function. Furthermore, it is the crosstalk between macrophages and β-cells that orchestrates the inflammatory response and ensuing β-cell dysfunction/destruction. Conversely, this crosstalk can induce immune tolerance and preservation of β-cell mass and function. Thus, specifically targeting the intercellular communication between macrophages and β-cells offers a unique strategy to prevent/halt the islet inflammatory events underpinning T1D and T2D. Due to their potent ability to regulate mammalian immune responses, parasitic worms (helminths), and their excretory/secretory products, have been examined for their potential as therapeutic agents for both T1D and T2D. This research has yielded positive results in disease prevention, both clinically and in animal models. However, the focus of research has been on the modulation of immune cells and their effectors. This approach has ignored the direct effects of helminths and their products on β-cells, and the modulation of signal exchange between macrophages and β-cells. This review explores how the alterations to macrophages induced by helminths, and their products, influence the crosstalk with β-cells to promote their function and survival. In addition, the evidence that parasite-derived products interact directly with endocrine cells to influence their communication with macrophages to prevent β-cell death and enhance function is discussed. This new paradigm of two-way metabolic conversations between endocrine cells and macrophages opens new avenues for the treatment of immune-mediated metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheila Donnelly
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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9
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The paradigm of prophylactic viral outbreaks measures by microbial biosurfactants. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:575-587. [PMID: 36840992 PMCID: PMC9940476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence and outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic confirmed the incompetence of countries across the world to deal with a global public health emergency. Although the recent advent of vaccines is an important prophylactic measure, effective clinical therapy for SARS-Cov-2 is yet to be discovered. With the increasing mortality rate, research has been focused on understanding the pathogenic mechanism and clinical parameters to comprehend COVID-19 infection and propose new avenues for naturally occurring molecules with novel therapeutic properties to alleviate the current situation. In accordance with recent clinical studies and SARS-CoV-2 infection markers, cytokine storm and oxidative stress are entwined pathogenic processes in COVID-19 progression. Lately, Biosurfactants (BSs) have been studied as one of the most advanced biomolecules of microbial origin with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral properties, antiadhesive, and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, this review inspects available literature and proposes biosurfactants with these properties to be encouraged for their extensive study in dealing with the current pandemic as new pharmaceutics in the prevention and control of viral spread, treating the symptoms developed after the incubation period through different therapeutic approaches and playing a potential drug delivery model.
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10
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DasNandy A, Virge R, Hegde HV, Chattopadhyay D. A review of patent literature on the regulation of glucose metabolism by six phytocompounds in the management of diabetes mellitus and its complications. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 21:226-235. [PMID: 36932029 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, typified by hyperglycemia resulting from failures in complex multifactorial metabolic functions, that requires life-long medication. Prolonged uncontrolled hyperglycemia leads to micro- and macro-vascular complications. Although antidiabetic drugs are prescribed as the first-line treatment, many of them lose efficacy over time or have severe side effects. There is a lack of in-depth study on the patents filed concerning the use of natural compounds to manage diabetes. Thus, this patent analysis provides a comprehensive report on the antidiabetic therapeutic activity of 6 phytocompounds when taken alone or in combinations. Four patent databases were searched, and 17,649 patents filed between 2001 and 2021 were retrieved. Of these, 139 patents for antidiabetic therapeutic aids that included berberine, curcumin, gingerol, gymnemic acid, gymnemagenin and mangiferin were analyzed. The results showed that these compounds alone or in combinations, targeting acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase 2, serine/threonine protein kinase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipooxygenase, phosphorylase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, PPARγ co-activator-1α, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C, could regulate glucose metabolism which are validated by pharmacological rationale. Synergism, or combination therapy, including different phytocompounds and plant extracts, has been studied extensively and found effective, whereas the efficacy of commercial drugs in combination with phytocompounds has not been studied in detail. Curcumin, gymnemic acid and mangiferin were found to be effective against diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusree DasNandy
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajashri Virge
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Harsha V Hegde
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
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11
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Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effect of Luteolin in STZ Induced Diabetic Rats: Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030126. [PMID: 36976050 PMCID: PMC10053838 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the existence of modern antidiabetic medications, diabetes still affects millions of individuals worldwide, with a high death and disability rate. There has been a concerted search for alternative natural medicinal agents; luteolin (LUT), a polyphenolic molecule, might be a good choice, both because of its efficacy and because of it having fewer side effects, compared to conventional medicines. This study aims to explore the antidiabetic potential of LUT in diabetic rats, induced by streptozotocin (STZ; 50 mg/kg b.w.), intraperitoneally. The level of blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), body weight, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipidemic status, antioxidant enzymes, and cytokines were assessed. Also, its action mechanism was explored through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Oral supplementation of LUT for 21 days resulted in a significant decrease in the blood glucose, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory cytokine levels, and modulated the hyperlipidemia profile. LUT also ameliorated the tested biomarkers of liver and kidney function. In addition, LUT markedly reversed the damage to the pancreas, liver, and kidney cells. Moreover, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations revealed excellent antidiabetic behavior of LUT. In conclusion, the current investigation revealed that LUT possesses antidiabetic activity, through the reversing of hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory status in diabetic groups. Therefore, LUT might be a good remedy for the management or treatment of diabetes.
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12
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Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Alleviate Liver and Adipose Tissue Lipid Disorders and Metabolic Inflammation Induced by High Fat Diet in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043269. [PMID: 36834674 PMCID: PMC9965291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity induces lipodystrophy and metabolic inflammation. Microbe-derived antioxidants (MA) are novel small-molecule nutrients obtained from microbial fermentation, and have anti-oxidation, lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects. Whether MA can regulate obesity-induced lipodystrophy and metabolic inflammation has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MA on oxidative stress, lipid disorders, and metabolic inflammation in liver and epididymal adipose tissues (EAT) of mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Results showed that MA was able to reverse the HFD-induced increase in body weight, body fat rate and Lee's index in mice; reduce the fat content in serum, liver and EAT; and regulate the INS, LEP and resistin adipokines as well as free fatty acids to their normal levels. MA also reduced de novo synthesis of fat in the liver and EAT and promoted gene expression for lipolysis, fatty acid transport and β-oxidation. MA decreased TNF-α and MCP1 content in serum, elevated SOD activity in liver and EAT, induced macrophage polarization toward the M2 type, inhibited the NLRP3 pathway, increased gene expression of the anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-13 and suppressed gene expression of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and MCP1, thereby attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation induced by HFD. In conclusion, MA can effectively reduce HFD-induced weight gain and alleviate obesity-induced oxidative stress, lipid disorders and metabolic inflammation in the liver and EAT, indicating that MA shows great promise as a functional food.
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13
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Wei Q, Deng Y, Yang Q, Zhan A, Wang L. The markers to delineate different phenotypes of macrophages related to metabolic disorders. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1084636. [PMID: 36814909 PMCID: PMC9940311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1084636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have a wide variety of roles in physiological and pathological conditions, making them promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets in diseases, especially metabolic disorders, which have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Owing to their heterogeneity and polarization, the phenotypes and functions of macrophages related to metabolic disorders are diverse and complicated. In the past three decades, the rapid progress of macrophage research has benefited from the emergence of specific molecular markers to delineate different phenotypes of macrophages and elucidate their role in metabolic disorders. In this review, we analyze the functions and applications of commonly used and novel markers of macrophages related to metabolic disorders, facilitating the better use of these macrophage markers in metabolic disorder research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quxing Wei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyue Deng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Angyu Zhan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lexun Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Pedersen SS, Prause M, Williams K, Barrès R, Billestrup N. Butyrate inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammatory gene expression by suppression of NF-κB activity in pancreatic beta cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102312. [PMID: 35921894 PMCID: PMC9428856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced beta cell dysfunction is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Chronic exposure of beta cells to inflammatory cytokines affects gene expression and impairs insulin secretion. Thus, identification of anti-inflammatory factors that preserve beta cell function represents an opportunity to prevent or treat T2D. Butyrate is a gut microbial metabolite with anti-inflammatory properties for which we recently showed a role in preventing interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced beta cell dysfunction, but how prevention is accomplished is unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which butyrate exerts anti-inflammatory activity in beta cells. We exposed mouse islets and INS-1E cells to a low dose of IL-1β and/or butyrate and measured expression of inflammatory genes and nitric oxide (NO) production. Additionally, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying butyrate activity by dissecting the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. We found that butyrate suppressed IL-1β-induced expression of inflammatory genes, such as Nos2, Cxcl1, and Ptgs2, and reduced NO production. Butyrate did not inhibit IκBα degradation nor NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Furthermore, butyrate did not affect binding of NF-κB p65 to target sequences in synthetic DNA but inhibited NF-κB p65 binding and RNA polymerase II recruitment to inflammatory gene promoters in the context of native DNA. We found this was concurrent with increased acetylation of NF-κB p65 and histone H4, suggesting butyrate affects NF-κB activity via inhibition of histone deacetylases. Together, our results show butyrate inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammatory gene expression and NO production through suppression of NF-κB activation and thereby possibly preserves beta cell function.
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15
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Yu Y, Lu Q, Chen F, Wang S, Niu C, Liao J, Wang H, Chen F. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis of the mechanisms of evodiamine on type 2 diabetes mellitus model rats. Food Funct 2022; 13:6623-6635. [PMID: 35635367 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04396j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO) is an alkaloid extracted from Evodia rutaecarpa and has various pharmacological activities, including hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and antitumor effects. However, the therapeutic effects of EVO on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the possible mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we used a T2DM rat model using a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injections followed by treatment with EVO. First, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of EVO on T2DM rats, following which we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of EVO on T2DM rats. Finally, we analyzed the metabolic regulatory mechanism of EVO in T2DM rats using an untargeted metabolomics approach. The results showed that EVO treatment alleviated the hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance (IR), and pathological changes of the liver, pancreas and kidneys in T2DM rats. Moreover, EVO treatment ameliorated the oxidative stress and decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in T2DM model rats. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that the EVO treatment affected the levels of 26 metabolites, such as methionine, citric acid, cholesterol, taurocholic acid, pilocarpine, adrenic acid, and other metabolites. These metabolites were mainly related to the amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism pathways. In conclusion, EVO can reduce blood glucose and improve oxidative stress and inflammatory response in T2DM rats. These functions are related to the regulation of amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejie Yu
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Qinyan Lu
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Shangli Wang
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Chunxiang Niu
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Jiabao Liao
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Hongwu Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
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16
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Gao D, Jiao J, Wang Z, Huang X, Ni X, Fang S, Zhou Q, Zhu X, Sun L, Yang Z, Yuan H. The roles of cell-cell and organ-organ crosstalk in the type 2 diabetes mellitus associated inflammatory microenvironment. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 66:15-25. [PMID: 35459618 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a classic metaflammatory disease, and the inflammatory states of the pancreatic islet and insulin target organs have been well confirmed. However, abundant evidence demonstrates that there are countless connections between these organs in the presence of a low degree of inflammation. In this review, we focus on cell-cell crosstalk among local cells in the islet and organ-organ crosstalk among insulin-related organs. In contrast to that in acute inflammation, macrophages are the dominant immune cells causing inflammation in the islets and insulin target organs in T2DM. In the inflammatory microenvironment (IME) of the islet, cell-cell crosstalk involving local macrophage polarization and proinflammatory cytokine production impair insulin secretion by β-cells. Furthermore, organ-organ crosstalk, including the gut-brain-pancreas axis and interactions among insulin-related organs during inflammation, reduces insulin sensitivity and induces endocrine dysfunction. Therefore, this crosstalk ultimately results in a cascade leading to β-cell dysfunction. These findings could have broad implications for therapies aimed at treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China; Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Juan Jiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Seventh Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Zhaoping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Xiuqing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Sihang Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Liang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Ze Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Huiping Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, PR China; Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100730, PR China.
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17
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The role of genetic modifiers, inflammation and CFTR in the pathogenesis of Cystic fibrosis related diabetes. J Clin Transl Endocrinol 2022; 27:100287. [PMID: 34976741 PMCID: PMC8688704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2021.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Sohrabi M, Ajdarkosh H, Gholami A, Amirkalali B, Mansorian MR, Aten S, Sohrabi M, Nasiri-Toosi M, Zamani F, Keyvani H. Association between Melatonin Value and Interleukins1B, -18, and -33 Levels in Patients with Different Stages of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Middle East J Dig Dis 2022; 14:110-117. [PMID: 36619722 PMCID: PMC9489333 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2022.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Interaction between immune modulators and inflammatory factors is considered as one of the main underlying pathologies of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hence we aimed to assess the association between these cytokines and melatonin. METHODS: We enrolled adult patients diagnosed with fatty liver by ultrasonography in a crosssectional study. All of them underwent Fibroscan evaluation. The subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for NAFLD were involved. A normal group who did not have NAFLD, viral or non-viral hepatitis, and without a history of pancreatobiliary surgery, bariatric surgery, and intake of any medication that influence the liver was also selected. The participants were categorized into the three following groups: 1) fibrosis>9.1 kPa and steatosis>290 dbm, 2) fibrosis: 6-9.0 kPa and steatosis 240-290 dbm, and 3) normal group with fibrosis<6.0 kPa and steatosis<240 dbm. Laboratory assessment and a questionnaire including demographic, anthropometric, laboratories, and clinical data were completed for each of them. RESULTS: Totally 97 subjects were enrolled in the present study. The mean age of the subjects was 42.2±11.3 years. 60% of them (59 patients) were female. Serum levels of melatonin, interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-18, and IL-33 increased according to the advancing of NAFLD state. Based on multiple linear regression model, melatonin was significantly associated with IL-1B (β=2.8, P<0.001,95% CI=1.41-4.19), IL-18 (β=0.018, P=0.0005, 95% CI=0.006-0.03), and IL-33 (β=0.31, P=0.045, 95% CI=0.008-0.62) after adjustment for other variables. CONCLUSION: Melatonin level has a strong association with these cytokines. This linkage probably influences on the development and progression of NAFLD. Therefore it can be hypothesized that the therapeutic approach that affects this process may have a significant impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoudreza Sohrabi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ajdarkosh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gholami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Bahreh Amirkalali
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Reza Mansorian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Aten
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Sohrabi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nasiri-Toosi
- Liver transplantation Research Center. Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GILDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author: Hossein Keyvani, MD Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Telefax:+98 21 82141633
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19
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Morikawa S, Blacher L, Onwumere C, Urano F. Loss of Function of WFS1 Causes ER Stress-Mediated Inflammation in Pancreatic Beta-Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:849204. [PMID: 35399956 PMCID: PMC8990750 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.849204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy, hearing loss, diabetes insipidus, and progressive neurodegeneration. Pathogenic variants in the WFS1 gene are the main causes of Wolfram syndrome. WFS1 encodes a transmembrane protein localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and regulates the unfolded protein response (UPR). Loss of function of WFS1 leads to dysregulation of insulin production and secretion, ER calcium depletion, and cytosolic calpains activation, resulting in activation of apoptotic cascades. Although the terminal UPR has been shown to induce inflammation that accelerates pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death in diabetes, the contribution of pancreatic β-cell inflammation to the development of diabetes in Wolfram syndrome has not been fully understood. Here we show that WFS1-deficiency enhances the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, leading to cytokine-induced ER-stress and cell death in pancreatic β-cells. PERK and IRE1α pathways mediate high glucose-induced inflammation in a β-cell model of Wolfram syndrome. M1-macrophage infiltration and hypervascularization are seen in the pancreatic islets of Wfs1 whole-body knockout mice, demonstrating that WFS1 regulates anti-inflammatory responses in pancreatic β-cells. Our results indicate that inflammation plays an essential role in the progression of β-cell death and diabetes in Wolfram syndrome. The pathways involved in ER stress-mediated inflammation provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of Wolfram syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Morikawa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Lindsey Blacher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Chinyere Onwumere
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Fumihiko Urano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Fumihiko Urano,
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20
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Al-Selwi Y, Shaw JA, Kattner N. Understanding the Pancreatic Islet Microenvironment in Cystic Fibrosis and the Extrinsic Pathways Leading to Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND DIABETES 2021; 14:11795514211048813. [PMID: 34675737 PMCID: PMC8524685 DOI: 10.1177/11795514211048813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive chronic condition
effecting approximately 70 000 to 100 000 people globally and is
caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the CF transmembrane
conductance regulator. Through improvements in clinical care, life
expectancy in CF has increased considerably associated with rising
incidence of secondary complications including CF-related diabetes
(CFRD). CFRD is believed to result from β-cell loss as well as
insufficient insulin secretion due to β-cell dysfunction, but the
underlying pathophysiology is not yet fully understood. Here we review
the morphological and cellular changes in addition to the
architectural remodelling of the pancreatic exocrine and endocrine
compartments in CF and CFRD pancreas. We consider also potential
underlying proinflammatory signalling pathways impacting on endocrine
and specifically β-cell function, concluding that further research
focused on these mechanisms may uncover novel therapeutic targets
enabling restoration of normal insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Al-Selwi
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - James Am Shaw
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicole Kattner
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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21
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de Ceglia M, Decara J, Gaetani S, Rodríguez de Fonseca F. Obesity as a Condition Determined by Food Addiction: Should Brain Endocannabinoid System Alterations Be the Cause and Its Modulation the Solution? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14101002. [PMID: 34681224 PMCID: PMC8538206 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disorder, and the number of people affected is growing every day. In recent years, research has confirmed the hypothesis that food addiction is a determining factor in obesity. Food addiction is a behavioral disorder characterized by disruptions in the reward system in response to hedonic eating. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an important role in the central and peripheral control of food intake and reward-related behaviors. Moreover, both obesity and food addiction have been linked to impairments in the ECS function in various brain regions integrating peripheral metabolic signals and modulating appetite. For these reasons, targeting the ECS could be a valid pharmacological therapy for these pathologies. However, targeting the cannabinoid receptors with inverse agonists failed when used in clinical contexts as a consequence of the induction of affective disorders. In this context, new classes of drugs acting either on CB1 and/or CB2 receptors or on synthetic and degradation enzymes of endogenous cannabinoids are being studied. However, further investigation is necessary to find safe and effective treatments that can exert anti-obesity effects, normalizing reward-related behaviors without causing important adverse mood effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa de Ceglia
- UGC Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga-Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.d.C.); (F.R.d.F.)
| | - Juan Decara
- UGC Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga-Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- UGC Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga-Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.d.C.); (F.R.d.F.)
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22
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Rui J, Deng S, Perdigoto AL, Ponath G, Kursawe R, Lawlor N, Sumida T, Levine-Ritterman M, Stitzel ML, Pitt D, Lu J, Herold KC. Tet2 Controls the Responses of β cells to Inflammation in Autoimmune Diabetes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5074. [PMID: 34417463 PMCID: PMC8379260 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
β cells may participate and contribute to their own demise during Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here we report a role of their expression of Tet2 in regulating immune killing. Tet2 is induced in murine and human β cells with inflammation but its expression is reduced in surviving β cells. Tet2-KO mice that receive WT bone marrow transplants develop insulitis but not diabetes and islet infiltrates do not eliminate β cells even though immune cells from the mice can transfer diabetes to NOD/scid recipients. Tet2-KO recipients are protected from transfer of disease by diabetogenic immune cells.Tet2-KO β cells show reduced expression of IFNγ-induced inflammatory genes that are needed to activate diabetogenic T cells. Here we show that Tet2 regulates pathologic interactions between β cells and immune cells and controls damaging inflammatory pathways. Our data suggests that eliminating TET2 in β cells may reduce activating pathologic immune cells and killing of β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Rui
- Departments of Immunobiology and Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Songyan Deng
- Departments of Immunobiology and Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ana Luisa Perdigoto
- Departments of Immunobiology and Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald Ponath
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Romy Kursawe
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nathan Lawlor
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Tomokazu Sumida
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Michael L Stitzel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences and Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - David Pitt
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevan C Herold
- Departments of Immunobiology and Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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23
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Gupta P, Sharma G, Lahiri A, Barthwal MK. FOXO3a acetylation regulates PINK1, mitophagy, inflammasome activation in murine palmitate-conditioned and diabetic macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:611-627. [PMID: 34288093 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0620-348rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome and mitophagy play an important role in cytokine release and diabetes progression; however, the role of saturated fatty acid that is induced under such conditions remains little explored. Therefore, the present study evaluates mechanisms regulating mitophagy and inflammasome activation in primary murine diabetic and palmitate-conditioned wild-type (WT) peritoneal macrophages. Peritoneal macrophage, from the diabetic mice and WT mice, challenged with LPS/ATP and palmitate/LPS/ATP, respectively, showed dysfunctional mitochondria as assessed by their membrane potential, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release. A defective mitophagy was observed in the diabetic and palmitate-conditioned macrophages stimulated with LPS/ATP as assessed by translocation of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin or p62 in the mitochondrial fraction. Consequently, increased apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) oligomerization, caspase-1 activation, and IL1β secretion were observed in LPS/ATP stimulated diabetic and palmitate-conditioned macrophages. LPS/ATP induced Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) binding to PINK1 promoter and increased PINK1 mRNA expression in WT macrophages. However, PINK1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased in diabetic and palmitate-conditioned macrophages in response to LPS/ATP. Palmitate-induced acetyl CoA promoted FOXO3a acetylation, which prevented LPS/ATP-induced FOXO3a binding to the PINK1 promoter. C646 (P300 inhibitor) and SRT1720 (SIRT1 activator) prevented FOXO3a acetylation and restored FOXO3a binding to the PINK1 promoter, PINK1 mRNA expression, and mitophagy in palmitate-conditioned macrophages treated with LPS/ATP. Also, a significant decrease in the LPS/ATP-induced mtROS production, mtDNA release, ASC oligomerization, caspase-1 activation, and IL-1β release was observed in the palmitate-conditioned macrophages. Similarly, modulation of FOXO3a acetylation also prevented LPS/ATP-induced mtDNA release and inflammasome activation in diabetic macrophages. Therefore, FOXO3a acetylation regulates PINK1-dependent mitophagy and inflammasome activation in the palmitate-conditioned and diabetic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Amit Lahiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Barthwal
- Department of Pharmacology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, India
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24
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Mooranian A, Jones M, Ionescu CM, Walker D, Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Chester J, Foster T, Johnston E, Mikov M, Al-Salami H. Advancements in Assessments of Bio-Tissue Engineering and Viable Cell Delivery Matrices Using Bile Acid-Based Pharmacological Biotechnologies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1861. [PMID: 34361247 PMCID: PMC8308343 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The utilisation of bioartificial organs is of significant interest to many due to their versatility in treating a wide range of disorders. Microencapsulation has a potentially significant role in such organs. In order to utilise microcapsules, accurate characterisation and analysis is required to assess their properties and suitability. Bioartificial organs or transplantable microdevices must also account for immunogenic considerations, which will be discussed in detail. One of the most characterized cases is the investigation into a bioartificial pancreas, including using microencapsulation of islets or other cells, and will be the focus subject of this review. Overall, this review will discuss the traditional and modern technologies which are necessary for the characterisation of properties for transplantable microdevices or organs, summarizing analysis of the microcapsule itself, cells and finally a working organ. Furthermore, immunogenic considerations of such organs are another important aspect which is addressed within this review. The various techniques, methodologies, advantages, and disadvantages will all be discussed. Hence, the purpose of this review is providing an updated examination of all processes for the analysis of a working, biocompatible artificial organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Daniel Walker
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Chester
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Edan Johnston
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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25
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Montefusco L, Ben Nasr M, D'Addio F, Loretelli C, Rossi A, Pastore I, Daniele G, Abdelsalam A, Maestroni A, Dell'Acqua M, Ippolito E, Assi E, Usuelli V, Seelam AJ, Fiorina RM, Chebat E, Morpurgo P, Lunati ME, Bolla AM, Finzi G, Abdi R, Bonventre JV, Rusconi S, Riva A, Corradi D, Santus P, Nebuloni M, Folli F, Zuccotti GV, Galli M, Fiorina P. Acute and long-term disruption of glycometabolic control after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Metab 2021; 3:774-785. [PMID: 34035524 PMCID: PMC9931026 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are reported to have a greater prevalence of hyperglycaemia. Cytokine release as a consequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection may precipitate the onset of metabolic alterations by affecting glucose homeostasis. Here we describe abnormalities in glycometabolic control, insulin resistance and beta cell function in patients with COVID-19 without any pre-existing history or diagnosis of diabetes, and document glycaemic abnormalities in recovered patients 2 months after onset of disease. In a cohort of 551 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Italy, we found that 46% of patients were hyperglycaemic, whereas 27% were normoglycaemic. Using clinical assays and continuous glucose monitoring in a subset of patients, we detected altered glycometabolic control, with insulin resistance and an abnormal cytokine profile, even in normoglycaemic patients. Glycaemic abnormalities can be detected for at least 2 months in patients who recovered from COVID-19. Our data demonstrate that COVID-19 is associated with aberrant glycometabolic control, which can persist even after recovery, suggesting that further investigation of metabolic abnormalities in the context of long COVID is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Montefusco
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Moufida Ben Nasr
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca D'Addio
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Loretelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Ida Pastore
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Daniele
- Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ahmed Abdelsalam
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maestroni
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Dell'Acqua
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Aziende Socio Sanitarie Territoriali Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Ippolito
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emma Assi
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Usuelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andy Joe Seelam
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Maria Fiorina
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Chebat
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Morpurgo
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanna Finzi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital ASST-Settelaghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Reza Abdi
- Renal Division and Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Renal Division and Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefano Rusconi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Agostino Riva
- Infectious Diseases Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Corradi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, Unit of Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pierachille Santus
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Ospedale L. Sacco, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Nebuloni
- Department of Pathology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Folli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Health Science, Università di Milano, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Buzzi, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Galli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy.
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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26
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Mechanisms of Beta-Cell Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetes-Prone Situations and Potential Protection by GLP-1-Based Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105303. [PMID: 34069914 PMCID: PMC8157542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia secondary to the decline of functional beta-cells and is usually accompanied by a reduced sensitivity to insulin. Whereas altered beta-cell function plays a key role in T2D onset, a decreased beta-cell mass was also reported to contribute to the pathophysiology of this metabolic disease. The decreased beta-cell mass in T2D is, at least in part, attributed to beta-cell apoptosis that is triggered by diabetogenic situations such as amyloid deposits, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. In this review, we discussed the molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis under such diabetes-prone situations. Finally, we considered the molecular signaling pathways recruited by glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies to potentially protect beta-cells from death under diabetogenic situations.
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27
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Pellegrini C, Fornai M, Benvenuti L, Colucci R, Caputi V, Palazon-Riquelme P, Giron MC, Nericcio A, Garelli F, D'Antongiovanni V, Segnani C, Ippolito C, Nannipieri M, Lopez-Castejon G, Pelegrin P, Haskó G, Bernardini N, Blandizzi C, Antonioli L. NLRP3 at the crossroads between immune/inflammatory responses and enteric neuroplastic remodelling in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3924-3942. [PMID: 34000757 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Enteric neurogenic/inflammation contributes to bowel dysmotility in obesity. We examined the role of NLRP3 in colonic neuromuscular dysfunctions in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Wild-type C57BL/6J and NLRP3-KO (Nlrp3-/- ) mice were fed with HFD or standard diet for 8 weeks. The activation of inflammasome pathways in colonic tissues from obese mice was assessed. The role of NLRP3 in in vivo colonic transit and in vitro tachykininergic contractions and substance P distribution was evaluated. The effect of substance P on NLRP3 signalling was tested in cultured cells. KEY RESULTS HFD mice displayed increased body and epididymal fat weight, cholesterol levels, plasma resistin levels and plasma and colonic IL-1β levels, colonic inflammasome adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) and caspase-1 mRNA expression and ASC immunopositivity in macrophages. Colonic tachykininergic contractions were enhanced in HFD mice. HFD NLRP3-/- mice developed lower increase in body and epididymal fat weight, cholesterol levels, systemic and bowel inflammation. In HFD Nlrp3-/- mice, the functional alterations of tachykinergic pathways and faecal output were normalized. In THP-1 cells, substance P promoted IL-1β release. This effect was inhibited upon incubation with caspase-1 inhibitor or NK1 antagonist and not observed in ASC-/- cells. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS In obesity, NLRP3 regulates an interplay between the shaping of enteric immune/inflammatory responses and the activation of substance P/NK1 pathways underlying the onset of colonic dysmotility. Identifying NLRP3 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of bowel symptoms related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pellegrini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Matteo Fornai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Benvenuti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rocchina Colucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Caputi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Pablo Palazon-Riquelme
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Cecilia Giron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Nericcio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Garelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Segnani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Ippolito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Nannipieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gloria Lopez-Castejon
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Pablo Pelegrin
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nunzia Bernardini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Corrado Blandizzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Herder C, Maalmi H, Strassburger K, Zaharia OP, Ratter JM, Karusheva Y, Elhadad MA, Bódis K, Bongaerts BWC, Rathmann W, Trenkamp S, Waldenberger M, Burkart V, Szendroedi J, Roden M. Differences in Biomarkers of Inflammation Between Novel Subgroups of Recent-Onset Diabetes. Diabetes 2021; 70:1198-1208. [PMID: 33608423 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel clustering approach identified five subgroups of diabetes with distinct progression trajectories of complications. We hypothesized that these subgroups differ in multiple biomarkers of inflammation. Serum levels of 74 biomarkers of inflammation were measured in 414 individuals with recent adult-onset diabetes from the German Diabetes Study (GDS) allocated to five subgroups based on data-driven cluster analysis. Pairwise differences between subgroups for biomarkers were assessed with generalized linear mixed models before (model 1) and after (model 2) adjustment for the clustering variables. Participants were assigned to five subgroups: severe autoimmune diabetes (21%), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) (3%), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) (9%), mild obesity-related diabetes (32%), and mild age-related diabetes (35%). In model 1, 23 biomarkers showed one or more pairwise differences between subgroups (Bonferroni-corrected P < 0.0007). Biomarker levels were generally highest in SIRD and lowest in SIDD. All 23 biomarkers correlated with one or more of the clustering variables. In model 2, three biomarkers (CASP-8, EN-RAGE, IL-6) showed at least one pairwise difference between subgroups (e.g., lower CASP8, EN-RAGE, and IL-6 in SIDD vs. all other subgroups, all P < 0.0007). Thus, novel diabetes subgroups show multiple differences in biomarkers of inflammation, underlining a prominent role of inflammatory pathways in particular in SIRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Haifa Maalmi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oana-Patricia Zaharia
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline M Ratter
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yanislava Karusheva
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mohamed A Elhadad
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Kálmán Bódis
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Brenda W C Bongaerts
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Trenkamp
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Volker Burkart
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Iafusco F, Maione G, Rosanio FM, Mozzillo E, Franzese A, Tinto N. Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD): Overview of Associated Genetic Factors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030572. [PMID: 33810109 PMCID: PMC8005125 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease in the Caucasian population and is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that encodes for a chloride/bicarbonate channel expressed on the membrane of epithelial cells of the airways and of the intestine, as well as in cells with exocrine and endocrine functions. A common nonpulmonary complication of CF is cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD), a distinct form of diabetes due to insulin insufficiency or malfunction secondary to destruction/derangement of pancreatic betacells, as well as to other factors that affect their function. The prevalence of CFRD increases with age, and 40–50% of CF adults develop the disease. Several proposed hypotheses on how CFRD develops have emerged, including exocrine-driven fibrosis and destruction of the entire pancreas, as well as contrasting theories on the direct or indirect impact of CFTR mutation on islet function. Among contributors to the development of CFRD, in addition to CFTR genotype, there are other genetic factors related and not related to type 2 diabetes. This review presents an overview of the current understanding on genetic factors associated with glucose metabolism abnormalities in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Iafusco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (G.M.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Maione
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (G.M.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Rosanio
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.M.R.); (E.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.M.R.); (E.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Adriana Franzese
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.M.R.); (E.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Nadia Tinto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (G.M.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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30
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Fratta Pasini AM, Stranieri C, Cominacini L, Mozzini C. Potential Role of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Therapies to Prevent Severe SARS-Cov-2 Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:272. [PMID: 33578849 PMCID: PMC7916604 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we review the molecular pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and its relationship with oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. Furthermore, we analyze the potential role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapies to prevent severe complications. OS has a potential key role in the COVID-19 pathogenesis by triggering the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome and nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB). While exposure to many pro-oxidants usually induces nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor2 (NRF2) activation and upregulation of antioxidant related elements expression, respiratory viral infections often inhibit NRF2 and/or activate NF-kB pathways, resulting in inflammation and oxidative injury. Hence, the use of radical scavengers like N-acetylcysteine and vitamin C, as well as of steroids and inflammasome inhibitors, has been proposed. The NRF2 pathway has been shown to be suppressed in severe SARS-CoV-2 patients. Pharmacological NRF2 inducers have been reported to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication, the inflammatory response, and transmembrane protease serine 2 activation, which for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells through the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor. Thus, NRF2 activation may represent a potential path out of the woods in COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Fratta Pasini
- Section of General Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.S.); (L.C.); (C.M.)
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31
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Neuroprotective Effects of Testosterone in the Hypothalamus of an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041589. [PMID: 33557413 PMCID: PMC7914611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known to be associated to inflammation and alteration in the hypothalamus, a brain region implicated in the control of several physiological functions, including energy homeostasis and reproduction. Previous studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of testosterone treatment (TTh) in counteracting some MetS symptoms in both animal models and clinical studies. This study investigated the effect of TTh (30 mg/kg/week for 12 weeks) on the hypothalamus in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced animal model of MetS, utilizing quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses. The animal model recapitulates the human MetS features, including low testosterone/gonadotropin plasma levels. TTh significantly improved MetS-induced hypertension, visceral adipose tissue accumulation, and glucose homeostasis derangements. Within hypothalamus, TTh significantly counteracted HFD-induced inflammation, as detected in terms of expression of inflammatory markers and microglial activation. Moreover, TTh remarkably reverted the HFD-associated alterations in the expression of important regulators of energy status and reproduction, such as the melanocortin and the GnRH-controlling network. Our results suggest that TTh may exert neuroprotective effects on the HFD-related hypothalamic alterations, with positive outcomes on the circuits implicated in the control of energy metabolism and reproductive tasks, thus supporting a possible role of TTh in the clinical management of MetS.
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32
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Pakhomova A, Pershina O, Nebolsin V, Ermakova N, Krupin V, Sandrikina L, Pan E, Widera D, Dygai A, Skurikhin E. Bisamide Derivative of Dicarboxylic Acid Contributes to Restoration of Testicular Tissue Function and Influences Spermatogonial Stem Cells in Metabolic Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:562358. [PMID: 33344442 PMCID: PMC7744787 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.562358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome can lead to several challenging complications including degeneration of the pancreas and hypogonadism. Recently, we have shown that Bisamide Derivative of Dicarboxylic Acid (BDDA) can contribute to pancreatic restoration in mice with metabolic disorders via its positive effects on lipid and glucose metabolism, and by increasing the numbers of pancreatic stem cells. In the present study, we hypothesized that BDDA might also be effective in restoring hypogonadism caused by metabolic syndrome. Experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice with hypogonadism, where metabolic disorders have been introduced by a combination of streptozotocin treatment and high fat diet. Using a combination of histological and biochemical methods along with a flow cytometric analysis of stem and progenitor cell markers, we evaluated the biological effects of BDDA on testicular tissue, germ cells, spermatogonial stem cells in vitro and in vivo, as well as on fertility. We demonstrate that in mice with metabolic disorders, BDDA has positive effects on spermatogenesis and restores fertility. We also show that BDDA exerts its therapeutic effects by reducing inflammation and by modulating spermatogonial stem cells. Thus, our results suggest that BDDA could represent a promising lead compound for the development of novel therapeutics able to stimulate regeneration of the testicular tissue and to restore fertility in hypogonadism resulting from complications of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Pakhomova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga Pershina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Natalia Ermakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Krupin
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Lubov Sandrikina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Edgar Pan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Dygai
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Skurikhin
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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Templin AT, Mellati M, Meier DT, Esser N, Hogan MF, Castillo JJ, Akter R, Raleigh DP, Zraika S, Hull RL, Kahn SE. Low concentration IL-1β promotes islet amyloid formation by increasing hIAPP release from humanised mouse islets in vitro. Diabetologia 2020; 63:2385-2395. [PMID: 32728889 PMCID: PMC7529980 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Aggregation of the beta cell secretory product human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) results in islet amyloid deposition, a pathological feature of type 2 diabetes. Amyloid formation is associated with increased levels of islet IL-1β as well as beta cell dysfunction and death, but the mechanisms that promote amyloid deposition in situ remain unclear. We hypothesised that physiologically relevant concentrations of IL-1β stimulate beta cell islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) release and promote amyloid formation. METHODS We used a humanised mouse model of endogenous beta cell hIAPP expression to examine whether low (pg/ml) concentrations of IL-1β promote islet amyloid formation in vitro. Amyloid-forming islets were cultured for 48 h in the presence or absence of IL-1β with or without an IL-1β neutralising antibody. Islet morphology was assessed by immunohistochemistry and islet mRNA expression, hormone content and release were also quantified. Cell-free thioflavin T assays were used to monitor hIAPP aggregation kinetics in the presence and absence of IL-1β. RESULTS Treatment with a low concentration of IL-1β (4 pg/ml) for 48 h increased islet amyloid prevalence (93.52 ± 3.89% vs 43.83 ± 9.67% amyloid-containing islets) and amyloid severity (4.45 ± 0.82% vs 2.16 ± 0.50% amyloid area/islet area) in hIAPP-expressing mouse islets in vitro. This effect of IL-1β was reduced when hIAPP-expressing islets were co-treated with an IL-1β neutralising antibody. Cell-free hIAPP aggregation assays showed no effect of IL-1β on hIAPP aggregation in vitro. Low concentration IL-1β did not increase markers of the unfolded protein response (Atf4, Ddit3) or alter proIAPP processing enzyme gene expression (Pcsk1, Pcsk2, Cpe) in hIAPP-expressing islets. However, release of IAPP and insulin were increased over 48 h in IL-1β-treated vs control islets (IAPP 0.409 ± 0.082 vs 0.165 ± 0.051 pmol/5 islets; insulin 87.5 ± 8.81 vs 48.3 ± 17.3 pmol/5 islets), and this effect was blocked by co-treatment with IL-1β neutralising antibody. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Under amyloidogenic conditions, physiologically relevant levels of IL-1β promote islet amyloid formation by increasing beta cell release of IAPP. Neutralisation of this effect of IL-1β may decrease the deleterious effects of islet amyloid formation on beta cell function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Templin
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Mahnaz Mellati
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Daniel T Meier
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Nathalie Esser
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Meghan F Hogan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Joseph J Castillo
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Rehana Akter
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Daniel P Raleigh
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sakeneh Zraika
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Rebecca L Hull
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (151) and University of Washington, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.
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Molla MD, Akalu Y, Geto Z, Dagnew B, Ayelign B, Shibabaw T. Role of Caspase-1 in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory-Associated Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:749-764. [PMID: 33116753 PMCID: PMC7585796 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s277457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-1 is the first and extensively studied inflammatory caspase that is activated through inflammasome assembly. Inflammasome is a cytosolic formation of multiprotein complex that aimed to start inflammatory response against infections or cellular damages. The process leads to an auto-activation of caspase-1 and consequent maturation of caspase-1 target molecules such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Recently, the role of caspase-1 and inflammasome in inflammatory-induced noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) like obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers and chronic respiratory diseases have widely studied. However, their reports are distinct and even they have reported contrasting role of caspase-1 in the development and progression of NCDs. A few studies have reported that caspase-1/inflammasome assembley has a protective role in the initiation and progression of these diseases through the activation of the noncanonical caspase-1 target substrates like gasdermin-D and regulation of immune cells. Conversely, others have revealed that caspase-1 has a direct/indirect effect in the development and progression of several NCDs. Therefore, in this review, we systematically summarized the role of caspase-1 in the development and progression of NCDs, especially in obesity, DM, CVDs and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meseret Derbew Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Akalu
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Geto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Baye Dagnew
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Birhanu Ayelign
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tewodros Shibabaw
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Beltrán-García J, Osca-Verdegal R, Pallardó FV, Ferreres J, Rodríguez M, Mulet S, Sanchis-Gomar F, Carbonell N, García-Giménez JL. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in COVID-19-Associated Sepsis: The Potential Role of Anti-Oxidant Therapy in Avoiding Disease Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E936. [PMID: 33003552 PMCID: PMC7599810 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak emerged, countless efforts are being made worldwide to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in an attempt to identify the specific clinical characteristics of critically ill COVID-19 patients involved in its pathogenesis and provide therapeutic alternatives to minimize COVID-19 severity. Recently, COVID-19 has been closely related to sepsis, which suggests that most deceases in intensive care units (ICU) may be a direct consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced sepsis. Understanding oxidative stress and the molecular inflammation mechanisms contributing to COVID-19 progression to severe phenotypes such as sepsis is a current clinical need in the effort to improve therapies in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. This article aims to review the molecular pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and its relationship with oxidative stress and inflammation, which can contribute to sepsis progression. We also provide an overview of potential antioxidant therapies and active clinical trials that might prevent disease progression or reduce its severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Beltrán-García
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.B.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.O.-V.); (F.S.-G.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- EpiDisease S.L. (Spin-Off CIBER-ISCIII), Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Osca-Verdegal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.O.-V.); (F.S.-G.)
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.B.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.O.-V.); (F.S.-G.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- EpiDisease S.L. (Spin-Off CIBER-ISCIII), Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Ferreres
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Intensive Care Unit, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Intensive Care Unit, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Mulet
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Intensive Care Unit, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.O.-V.); (F.S.-G.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Nieves Carbonell
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- Intensive Care Unit, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.B.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.O.-V.); (F.S.-G.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.F.); (M.R.); (S.M.)
- EpiDisease S.L. (Spin-Off CIBER-ISCIII), Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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Potential anti-inflammatory effect of dapagliflozin in HCHF diet- induced fatty liver degeneration through inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 in rat liver. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 86:106730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dietary substitution of SFA with MUFA within high-fat diets attenuates hyperinsulinaemia and pancreatic islet dysfunction. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:247-255. [PMID: 32122411 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary evidence has suggested that high-fat diets (HFD) enriched with SFA, but not MUFA, promote hyperinsulinaemia and pancreatic hypertrophy with insulin resistance. The objective of this study was to determine whether the substitution of dietary MUFA within a HFD could attenuate the progression of pancreatic islet dysfunction seen with prolonged SFA-HFD. For 32 weeks, C57BL/6J mice were fed either: (1) low-fat diet, (2) SFA-HFD or (3) SFA-HFD for 16 weeks, then switched to MUFA-HFD for 16 weeks (SFA-to-MUFA-HFD). Fasting insulin was assessed throughout the study; islets were isolated following the intervention. Substituting SFA with MUFA-HFD prevented the progression of hyperinsulinaemia observed in SFA-HFD mice (P < 0·001). Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets was reduced by SFA-HFD, yet not fully affected by SFA-to-MUFA-HFD. Markers of β-cell identity (Ins2, Nkx6.1, Ngn3, Rfx6, Pdx1 and Pax6) were reduced, and islet inflammation was increased (IL-1β, 3·0-fold, P = 0·007; CD68, 2·9-fold, P = 0·001; Il-6, 1·1-fold, P = 0·437) in SFA-HFD - effects not seen with SFA-to-MUFA-HFD. Switching to MUFA-HFD can partly attenuate the progression of SFA-HFD-induced hyperinsulinaemia, pancreatic inflammation and impairments in β-cell function. While further work is required from a mechanistic perspective, dietary fat may mediate its effect in an IL-1β-AMP-activated protein kinase α1-dependent fashion. Future work should assess the potential translation of the modulation of metabolic inflammation in man.
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Teper Y, Eibl G. Pancreatic Macrophages: Critical Players in Obesity-Promoted Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071946. [PMID: 32709161 PMCID: PMC7409049 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a known risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest types of malignancies. In recent years it has become clear that the pancreatic microenvironment is critically involved and a contributing factor in accelerating pancreatic neoplasia. In this context obesity-associated chronic inflammation plays an important role. Among several immune cells, macrophages have been shown to contribute to obesity-induced tissue inflammation. This review article summarizes the current knowledge about the role of pancreatic macrophages in early pancreatic cancer development. It describes the heterogenous origin and mixture of pancreatic macrophages, their role in pancreatic endocrine and exocrine pathology, and the impact of obesity on islet and stromal macrophages. A model is postulated, by which during obesity monocytes are recruited into the pancreas, where they are polarized into pro-inflammatory macrophages that drive early pancreatic neoplasia. This occurs in the presence of local inflammatory, metabolic, and endocrine signals. A stronger appreciation and more detailed knowledge about the role of macrophages in early pancreatic cancer development will lead to innovative preventive or interceptive strategies.
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Xiong L, Gong Y, Wu L, Li J, He W, Zhu X, Xiao H. LncRNA-Malat1 is Involved in Lipotoxicity-Induced ß-cell Dysfunction and the Therapeutic Effect of Exendin-4 via Ptbp1. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5824261. [PMID: 32324218 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have crucial roles in various biological processes. However, the contribution of lncRNAs to β-cell dysfunction and their roles in diabetes therapeutics remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the lncRNAs dysregulated in diabetic islets and to explore the lncRNAs involved in β-cell function as potential therapeutic targets. By using RNA sequencing and real-time PCR, we identified thousands of lncRNAs in the islets of db/db mice and db/m littermate mice. Among the differentially expressed lncRNAs, lncRNA-Malat1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) was reduced in the islets of db/db mice and palmitate-treated MIN6 cells. The results of TUNEL, Western blot and flow cytometric analyses, and GSIS assays revealed that Malat1 knockdown significantly induced β-cell apoptosis and inhibited insulin secretion. Mechanistically, RNA immunoprecipitation showed that Malat1 enhanced polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (Ptbp1) protein stability by direct interaction, thereby adjusting the ratio of pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) isoforms 1 and 2 (PKM1/PKM2). Moreover, luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation indicated that Malat1 was transcriptionally activated by pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1), through which exendin-4 alleviated lipotoxicity-induced β-cell damage. In summary, our findings suggested the involvement of Malat1 in β-cell dysfunction under diabetic conditions via the Malat1/Ptbp1/PKM2 pathway. In addition, exendin-4 ameliorated β-cell impairment by Pdx1-mediated Malat1 upregulation. Hence, Malat1 may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiman He
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhong‑Shan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haipeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Hernández-Camacho JD, Vicente-García C, Parsons DS, Navas-Enamorado I. Zinc at the crossroads of exercise and proteostasis. Redox Biol 2020; 35:101529. [PMID: 32273258 PMCID: PMC7284914 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential element for all forms of life, and one in every ten human proteins is a zinc protein. Zinc has catalytic, structural and signalling functions and its correct homeostasis affects many cellular processes. Zinc deficiency leads to detrimental consequences, especially in tissues with high demand such as skeletal muscle. Zinc cellular homeostasis is tightly regulated by different transport and buffer protein systems. Specifically, in skeletal muscle, zinc has been found to affect myogenesis and muscle regeneration due to its effects on muscle cell activation, proliferation and differentiation. In relation to skeletal muscle, exercise has been shown to modulate zinc serum and urinary levels and could directly affect cellular zinc transport. The oxidative stress induced by exercise may provide the basis for the mild zinc deficiency observed in athletes and could have severe consequences on health and sport performance. Proteostasis is induced during exercise and zinc plays an essential role in several of the associated pathways. Zinc deficiency could be a crucial issue in sport performance for athletes. Exercise could modulate zinc serum and cellular homeostasis. Zinc is part of proteostatic systems critical during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Diego Hernández-Camacho
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC-UPO-JA, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, 41013, Spain; CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28000, Spain
| | - Cristina Vicente-García
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC-UPO-JA, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
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Antidiabetic Effects of Bisamide Derivative of Dicarboxylic Acid in Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030991. [PMID: 32028560 PMCID: PMC7037053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, the metabolic syndrome can lead to multiple complications, including diabetes. It remains unclear which component of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, inflammation, hyperglycemia, or insulin resistance) has the strongest inhibitory effect on stem cells involved in beta cell regeneration. This makes it challenging to develop effective treatment options for complications such as diabetes. In our study, experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice where metabolic disorders have been introduced experimentally by a combination of streptozotocin-treatment and a high-fat diet. We evaluated the biological effects of Bisamide Derivative of Dicarboxylic Acid (BDDA) and its impact on pancreatic stem cells in vivo. To assess the impact of BDDA, we applied a combination of histological and biochemical methods along with a cytometric analysis of stem cell and progenitor cell markers. We show that in mice with metabolic disorders, BDDA has a positive effect on lipid and glucose metabolism. The pancreatic restoration was associated with a decrease of the inhibitory effects of inflammation and obesity factors on pancreatic stem cells. Our data shows that BDDA increases the number of pancreatic stem cells. Thus, BDDA could be used as a new compound for treating complication of the metabolic syndrome such as diabetes.
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Ying W, Fu W, Lee YS, Olefsky JM. The role of macrophages in obesity-associated islet inflammation and β-cell abnormalities. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:81-90. [PMID: 31836875 PMCID: PMC8315273 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-019-0286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic, unresolved tissue inflammation is a well-described feature of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other insulin-resistant states. In this context, adipose tissue and liver inflammation have been particularly well studied; however, abundant evidence demonstrates that inflammatory processes are also activated in pancreatic islets from obese animals and humans with obesity and/or T2DM. In this Review, we focus on the characteristics of immune cell-mediated inflammation in islets and the consequences of this with respect to β-cell function. In contrast to type 1 diabetes mellitus, the dominant immune cell type causing inflammation in obese and T2DM islets is the macrophage. The increased macrophage accumulation in T2DM islets primarily arises through local proliferation of resident macrophages, which then provide signals (such as platelet-derived growth factor) that drive β-cell hyperplasia (a classic feature of obesity). In addition, islet macrophages also impair the insulin secretory capacity of β-cells. Through these mechanisms, islet-resident macrophages underlie the inflammatory response in obesity and mechanistically participate in the β-cell hyperplasia and dysfunction that characterizes this insulin-resistant state. These findings point to the possibility of therapeutics that target islet inflammation to elicit beneficial effects on β-cell function and glycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wenxian Fu
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yun Sok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Wang L, Liu T, Liang R, Wang G, Liu Y, Zou J, Liu N, Zhang B, Liu Y, Ding X, Cai X, Wang Z, Xu X, Ricordi C, Wang S, Shen Z. Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate β cell dysfunction of human type 2 diabetic islets by reversing β cell dedifferentiation. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102615. [PMID: 31918404 PMCID: PMC7000334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A physiological hallmark of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is β cell dysfunction. Despite adequate treatment, it is an irreversible process that follows disease progression. Therefore, the development of novel therapies that restore β cell function is of utmost importance. Methods This study aims to unveil the mechanistic action of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by investigating its impact on isolated human T2DM islets ex vivo and in vivo. Findings We propose that MSCs can attenuate β cell dysfunction by reversing β cell dedifferentiation in an IL-1Ra-mediated manner. In response to the elevated expression of proinflammatory cytokines in human T2DM islet cells, we observed that MSCs was activated to secret IL-1R antagonist (IL-1Ra) which acted on the inflammed islets and reversed β cell dedifferentiation, suggesting a crosstalk between MSCs and human T2DM islets. The co-transplantation of MSCs with human T2DM islets in diabetic SCID mice and intravenous infusion of MSCs in db/db mice revealed the reversal of β cell dedifferentiation and improved glycaemic control in the latter. Interpretation This evidence highlights the potential of MSCs in future cell-based therapies regarding the amelioration of β cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Organ Transplant Centre, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tengli Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300384, China; Diabetes Research Institute Federation, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA
| | - Rui Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300384, China; Diabetes Research Institute Federation, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA
| | - Guanqiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yaojuan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jiaqi Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Na Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Organ Transplant Centre, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xuejie Ding
- Organ Transplant Centre, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiangheng Cai
- The First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Organ Transplant Centre, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiumin Xu
- Diabetes Research Institute, Cell Transplant Centre; Department of Surgery; Department Medicine; Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; The Cure Alliance, Miami, FL 33137, USA; Diabetes Research Institute Federation, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Cell Transplant Centre; Department of Surgery; Department Medicine; Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; The Cure Alliance, Miami, FL 33137, USA; Diabetes Research Institute Federation, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Centre, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin 300384, China; Diabetes Research Institute Federation, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA.
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Organ Transplant Centre, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China; Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China.
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Tatsch E, De Carvalho JAM, Bollick YS, Duarte T, Duarte MMMF, Vaucher RA, Premaor MO, Comim FV, Moresco RN. Low frataxin mRNA expression is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3208. [PMID: 31343823 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitochondrial protein frataxin is involved in iron metabolism, as well as regulation of oxidative stress. To elucidate the association of frataxin with the pathophysiology of diabetes, we evaluated the mRNA levels of frataxin in leukocytes of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In addition, we investigated the relation between frataxin mRNA levels, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress biomarkers. METHODS A study including 150 subjects (115 patients with T2D and 35 healthy subjects) was performed to evaluate the frataxin mRNA levels in leukocytes. We assessed the relation between frataxin and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), total oxidation status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and serum iron. RESULTS The frataxin mRNA levels in the T2D group were significantly lower than those in healthy subjects. It was also demonstrated that T2D patients with frataxin mRNA levels in the lowest quartile had significantly elevated levels of serum iron, TOS, and inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, while TAC levels were significantly lower in this quartile when compared with the upper quartile. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that T2D patients with low frataxin mRNA levels showed a high degree of inflammation and oxidative stress. It is speculated that frataxin deficiency in T2D patients can contribute to the imbalance in mitochondrial iron homeostasis leading to the acceleration of oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etiane Tatsch
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - José A M De Carvalho
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Yãnaí S Bollick
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Duarte
- Laboratory of Biogenomic, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marta M M F Duarte
- Department of Health Sciences, Lutheran University of Brazil, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Vaucher
- Center of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Melissa O Premaor
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabio V Comim
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael N Moresco
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Chung H, Hong SJ, Choi SW, Park CG. The effect of preexisting HMGB1 within fetal bovine serum on murine pancreatic beta cell biology. Islets 2020; 12:1-8. [PMID: 31935155 PMCID: PMC7064295 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2019.1696128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can act as a structural protein of the chromatin and at the same time as a mediator of the immune system. Its high correlation with the graft acceptance in pancreatic islet recipients makes it a biomarker in islet transplantation. With the suspicion that preexisting HMGB1 in the fetal bovine serum (FBS) would be detrimental to the viability and function of murine beta cells, HMGB1 was removed from FBS and its impact was investigated. Interestingly, the elimination of HMGB1 from FBS seemed unfavorable to the viability and function of cultured murine beta cells, suggesting that the preexisting HMGB1 in the FBS may be an indispensable component of islet cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Chung
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ji Hong
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Won Choi
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Gyu Park
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- CONTACT Chung-Gyu Park Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Xenotransplantation Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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Esch N, Jo S, Moore M, Alejandro EU. Nutrient Sensor mTOR and OGT: Orchestrators of Organelle Homeostasis in Pancreatic β-Cells. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:8872639. [PMID: 33457426 PMCID: PMC7787834 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8872639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to integrate the role of nutrient-sensing pathways into β-cell organelle dysfunction prompted by nutrient excess during type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D encompasses chronic hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation, which each contribute to β-cell failure. These factors can disrupt the function of critical β-cell organelles, namely, the ER, mitochondria, lysosomes, and autophagosomes. Dysfunctional organelles cause defects in insulin synthesis and secretion and activate apoptotic pathways if homeostasis is not restored. In this review, we will focus on mTORC1 and OGT, two major anabolic nutrient sensors with important roles in β-cell physiology. Though acute stimulation of these sensors frequently improves β-cell function and promotes adaptation to cell stress, chronic and sustained activity disturbs organelle homeostasis. mTORC1 and OGT regulate organelle function by influencing the expression and activities of key proteins, enzymes, and transcription factors, as well as by modulating autophagy to influence clearance of defective organelles. In addition, mTORC1 and OGT activity influence islet inflammation during T2D, which can further disrupt organelle and β-cell function. Therapies for T2D that fine-tune the activity of these nutrient sensors have yet to be developed, but the important role of mTORC1 and OGT in organelle homeostasis makes them promising targets to improve β-cell function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Esch
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Seokwon Jo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mackenzie Moore
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emilyn U. Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Sandor AM, Jacobelli J, Friedman RS. Immune cell trafficking to the islets during type 1 diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 198:314-325. [PMID: 31343073 PMCID: PMC6857188 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of immune cell trafficking to the pancreatic islets during type 1 diabetes (T1D) has therapeutic potential, since targeting of T cell and B cell trafficking has been clinically effective in other autoimmune diseases. Trafficking to the islets is characterized by redundancy in adhesion molecule and chemokine usage, which has not enabled effective targeting to date. Additionally, cognate antigen is not consistently required for T cell entry into the islets throughout the progression of disease. However, myeloid cells are required to enable T cell and B cell entry into the islets, and may serve as a convergence point in the pathways controlling this process. In this review we describe current knowledge of the factors that mediate immune cell trafficking to pancreatic islets during T1D progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Sandor
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biomedical ResearchNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
| | - J. Jacobelli
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biomedical ResearchNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
| | - R. S. Friedman
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biomedical ResearchNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
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Mărginean CO, Meliţ LE, Huțanu A, Ghiga DV, Săsăran MO. The adipokines and inflammatory status in the era of pediatric obesity. Cytokine 2019; 126:154925. [PMID: 31759309 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is associated with a chronic inflammation due to the deficiency in immune activity related to adipose tissue. A wide-spectrum of pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by adipocytes play an important role in the assessment of obesity-associated inflammatory status. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between IL and 1β, IL-6, TNF α, leptin, and inflammatory status in children with overweight/obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study on 193 children, admitted to a Pediatric Tertiary Hospital in Romania. The children were divided according to BMI into: the study group-91 children with overweight/obesity, and the control group-102 children with normal BMI. Demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory parameters including the serum levels of several adipokines (leptin, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF α) were assessed in both groups. RESULTS Our findings revealed significantly higher values of leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, AST, and ALT, as well as for the lipid metabolism parameters including cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and CRP, in children with overweight/obesity. We found significantly higher levels of adipokines in the serum of children with overweight and obesity assessed for leptin, IL6, and TNF α (p = 0.0145/p < 0.0001/p = 0.004/), except for IL-1β serum levels. CONCLUSIONS Childhood overweight and/or obesity is associated with a systemic inflammatory status demonstrated by increased levels of CBC parameters. Pro-inflammatory adipokines are also an essential factor in obesity-related inflammatory status according to our findings that underlined the importance of increased serum levels of IL-6, TNF α, and leptin in pediatric patients with overweight/obesity. Clinically, CBC parameters along with adipokines might represent useful diagnostic tools for low-grade systemic inflammation in children with overweight or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu street no 38, Târgu Mureș 540136, Romania
| | - Lorena Elena Meliţ
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu street no 38, Târgu Mureș 540136, Romania.
| | - Adina Huțanu
- Research Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu street no 38, Târgu Mureș 540136, Romania
| | - Dana Valentina Ghiga
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu street no 38, Târgu Mureș 540136, Romania
| | - Maria Oana Săsăran
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Romania, Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu street no 38, Târgu Mureș 540136, Romania
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Abdellatif AM, Jensen Smith H, Harms RZ, Sarvetnick NE. Human Islet Response to Selected Type 1 Diabetes-Associated Bacteria: A Transcriptome-Based Study. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2623. [PMID: 31781116 PMCID: PMC6857727 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease that results from destruction of pancreatic β-cells. T1D subjects were recently shown to harbor distinct intestinal microbiome profiles. Based on these findings, the role of gut bacteria in T1D is being intensively investigated. The mechanism connecting intestinal microbial homeostasis with the development of T1D is unknown. Specific gut bacteria such as Bacteroides dorei (BD) and Ruminococcus gnavus (RG) show markedly increased abundance prior to the development of autoimmunity. One hypothesis is that these bacteria might traverse the damaged gut barrier, and their constituents elicit a response from human islets that causes metabolic abnormalities and inflammation. We have tested this hypothesis by exposing human islets to BD and RG in vitro, after which RNA-Seq analysis was performed. The bacteria altered expression of many islet genes. The commonly upregulated genes by these bacteria were cytokines, chemokines and enzymes, suggesting a significant effect of gut bacteria on islet antimicrobial and biosynthetic pathways. Additionally, each bacteria displayed a unique set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Ingenuity pathway analysis of DEGs revealed that top activated pathways and diseases included TREM1 signaling and inflammatory response, illustrating the ability of bacteria to induce islet inflammation. The increased levels of selected factors were confirmed using immunoblotting and ELISA methods. Our data demonstrate that islets produce a complex anti-bacterial response. The response includes both symbiotic and pathogenic aspects. Both oxidative damage and leukocyte recruitment factors were prominent, which could induce beta cell damage and subsequent autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Abdellatif
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heather Jensen Smith
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Robert Z. Harms
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Nora E. Sarvetnick
- Department of Surgery-Transplant, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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Santo-Domingo J, Dayon L, Wiederkehr A. Protein Lysine Acetylation: Grease or Sand in the Gears of β-Cell Mitochondria? J Mol Biol 2019; 432:1446-1460. [PMID: 31628953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria carry out many essential functions in metabolism. A central task is the oxidation of nutrients and the generation of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial metabolism needs to be tightly regulated for the cell to respond to changes in ATP demand and nutrient supply. Here, we review how protein lysine acetylation contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in insulin target tissues and the insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cell. We summarize recent evidence showing that in pancreatic β-cells, lysine acetylation occurs on a large number of proteins involved in metabolism. Furthermore, we give a brief overview of the molecular mechanism that controls lysine acetylation dynamics. We propose that protein lysine acetylation is an important mechanism for the fine-tuning of mitochondrial activity in β-cells during normal physiology. In contrast, nutrient oversupply, oxidative stress, or inhibition of the mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 leads to protein lysine hyperacetylation, which impairs mitochondrial function. By perturbing mitochondrial activity in β-cells and insulin target tissues, protein lysine hyperacetylation may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Santo-Domingo
- Mitochondrial Function, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Dayon
- Proteomics, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Wiederkehr
- Mitochondrial Function, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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