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Gundogdu G, Kilic-Erkek O, Gundogdu K. The impact of sericin on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in female rats with experimental knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:2307-2316. [PMID: 38727800 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of sericin on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in female rats with experimental knee osteoarthritis (KOA), focusing on evaluating its effectiveness via the sterol regulatory protein (SREBP)-1C and SREBP-2 pathways. METHODS The rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups: the C group (control), the KOA group (KOA control), and the sericin group (KOA + sericin). The KOA model was created by injecting monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the knee joint. Sericin was administered intra-articularly to rats on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 (0.8 g/kg/mL, 50 µL). After 21 days, the rats were sacrificed, and serum samples were analyzed using an ELISA to measure tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-10, SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), cholesterol, triglyceride, and total oxidant-antioxidant status (TOS-TAS) levels. RESULTS The KOA group exhibited higher serum TNF-α, IL-1β, TOS, SREBP-1C, ACC, FAS, triglyceride, SREBP-2, and cholesterol levels than the C group (P < 0.05). However, the levels of these cytokines, except cholesterol, were significantly lower in the sericin group than in the KOA group. The KOA group exhibited significantly lower serum TAS and IL-10 levels than the C group (P < 0.05). In the sericin group, there was a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Sericin shows promising potential for reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in experimental models of KOA in rats. However, further clinical research is necessary to validate the potential of sericin as a therapeutic agent for treating KOA. Key Points • Sericin can reduce knee osteoarthritis (KOA) symptoms in an experimental rat model. • In particular, in the serum of an experimental KOA rat model, sericin specifically reduces the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and increases the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10. • Sericin reduced lipid metabolism via the sterol regulatory protein (SREBP)-1C and SREBP-2 pathways and oxidative stress in the serum of the experimental KOA rat model. • The intra-articular administration of sericin has been shown to significantly reduce lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as supported by biochemical analysis. These findings suggest its promising potential as an alternative treatment option for KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Gundogdu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Ozgen Kilic-Erkek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Koksal Gundogdu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
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2
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Ma MJ, Shi YH, Liu ZD, Zhu YQ, Zhao GY, Ye JY, Li FX, Huang XT, Wang XY, Wang JQ, Xu QC, Yin XY. N6-methyladenosine modified TGFB2 triggers lipid metabolism reprogramming to confer pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma gemcitabine resistance. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03092-3. [PMID: 38914663 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Gemcitabine resistance is a major obstacle to the effectiveness of chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therefore, new strategies are needed to sensitize cancer cells to gemcitabine. Here, we constructed gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells and analyzed them with RNA-sequence. Employing an integrated approach involving bioinformatic analyses from multiple databases, TGFB2 is identified as a crucial gene in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC and is significantly associated with poor gemcitabine therapeutic response. The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model further substantiates the gradual upregulation of TGFB2 expression during gemcitabine-induced resistance. Silencing TGFB2 expression can enhance the chemosensitivity of gemcitabine against PDAC. Mechanistically, TGFB2, post-transcriptionally stabilized by METTL14-mediated m6A modification, can promote lipid accumulation and the enhanced triglyceride accumulation drives gemcitabine resistance by lipidomic profiling. TGFB2 upregulates the lipogenesis regulator sterol regulatory element binding factor 1 (SREBF1) and its downstream lipogenic enzymes via PI3K-AKT signaling. Moreover, SREBF1 is responsible for TGFB2-mediated lipogenesis to promote gemcitabine resistance in PDAC. Importantly, TGFB2 inhibitor imperatorin combined with gemcitabine shows synergistic effects in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC PDX model. This study sheds new light on an avenue to mitigate PDAC gemcitabine resistance by targeting TGFB2 and lipid metabolism and develops the potential of imperatorin as a promising chemosensitizer in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jian Ma
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yin-Hao Shi
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhi-De Liu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ying-Qin Zhu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guang-Yin Zhao
- Department of Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Ye
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Xi Li
- Department of Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xi-Tai Huang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xi-Yu Wang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jie-Qin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Qiong-Cong Xu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Yin
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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3
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Chen C, Jiang YP, You I, Gray NS, Lin RZ. Down-Regulation of AKT Proteins Slows the Growth of Mutant-KRAS Pancreatic Tumors. Cells 2024; 13:1061. [PMID: 38920688 PMCID: PMC11202146 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Serine/threonine kinase AKT isoforms play a well-established role in cell metabolism and growth. Most pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDACs) harbor activation mutations of KRAS, which activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. However, AKT inhibitors are not effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. To better understand the role of AKT signaling in mutant-KRAS pancreatic tumors, this study utilized proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and CRISPR-Cas9-genome editing to investigate AKT proteins. The PROTAC down-regulation of AKT proteins markedly slowed the growth of three pancreatic tumor cell lines harboring mutant KRAS. In contrast, the inhibition of AKT kinase activity alone had very little effect on the growth of these cell lines. The concurrent genetic deletion of all AKT isoforms (AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3) in the KPC (KrasG12D; Trp53R172H; Pdx1-Cre) pancreatic cancer cell line also dramatically slowed its growth in vitro and when orthotopically implanted in syngeneic mice. Surprisingly, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), but not epidermal growth factor (EGF), restored KPC cell growth in serum-deprived conditions, and the IGF-1 growth stimulation effect was AKT-dependent. The RNA-seq analysis of AKT1/2/3-deficient KPC cells suggested that reduced cholesterol synthesis may be responsible for the decreased response to IGF-1 stimulation. These results indicate that the presence of all three AKT isoforms supports pancreatic tumor cell growth, and the pharmacological degradation of AKT proteins may be more effective than AKT catalytic inhibitors for treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankai Chen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (C.C.); (Y.-P.J.)
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA
| | - Ya-Ping Jiang
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (C.C.); (Y.-P.J.)
| | - Inchul You
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (I.Y.); (N.S.G.)
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (I.Y.); (N.S.G.)
| | - Richard Z. Lin
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (C.C.); (Y.-P.J.)
- Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA
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4
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Cheng Y, He J, Zuo B, He Y. Role of lipid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:206. [PMID: 38833109 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis, poses a significant public health challenge. Recent research has highlighted the crucial role of lipid metabolism in HCC development, with enhanced lipid synthesis and uptake contributing to the rapid proliferation and tumorigenesis of cancer cells. Lipids, primarily synthesized and utilized in the liver, play a critical role in the pathological progression of various cancers, particularly HCC. Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, an essential adaptation to the tumor microenvironment (TME), with fatty acid metabolism emerging as a key player in this process. This review delves into intricate interplay between HCC and lipid metabolism, focusing on four key areas: de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, dysregulated lipid metabolism of immune cells in the TME, and therapeutic strategies targeting fatty acid metabolism for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Cheng
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Bin Zuo
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Yang He
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China.
- MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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5
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Göttig L, Schreiner S. E4orf1: The triple agent of adenovirus - Unraveling its roles in oncogenesis, infectious obesity and immune responses in virus replication and vector therapy. Tumour Virus Res 2024; 17:200277. [PMID: 38428735 PMCID: PMC10937242 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2024.200277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Adenoviruses (HAdV) are nearly ubiquitous pathogens comprising numerous sub-types that infect various tissues and organs. Among many encoded proteins that facilitate viral replication and subversion of host cellular processes, the viral E4orf1 protein has emerged as an intriguing yet under-investigated player in the complex interplay between the virus and its host. E4orf1 has gained attention as a metabolism activator and oncogenic agent, while recent research is showing that E4orf1 may play a more important role in modulating cellular pathways such as PI3K-Akt-mTOR, Ras, the immune response and further HAdV replication stages than previously anticipated. In this review, we aim to explore the structure, molecular mechanisms, and biological functions of E4orf1, shedding light on its potentially multifaceted roles during HAdV infection, including metabolic diseases and oncogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the role of functional E4orf1 in biotechnological applications such as Adenovirus (AdV) vaccine vectors and oncolytic AdV. By dissecting the intricate relationships between HAdV types and E4orf1 proteins, this review provides valuable insights into viral pathogenesis and points to promising areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Göttig
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schreiner
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (Resolving Infection Susceptibility; EXC 2155), Hannover, Germany; Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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6
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Małkowska P. Positive Effects of Physical Activity on Insulin Signaling. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5467-5487. [PMID: 38920999 PMCID: PMC11202552 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is integral to metabolic health, particularly in addressing insulin resistance and related disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies consistently demonstrate a strong association between physical activity levels and insulin sensitivity. Regular exercise interventions were shown to significantly improve glycemic control, highlighting exercise as a recommended therapeutic strategy for reducing insulin resistance. Physical inactivity is closely linked to islet cell insufficiency, exacerbating insulin resistance through various pathways including ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Conversely, physical training and exercise preserve and restore islet function, enhancing peripheral insulin sensitivity. Exercise interventions stimulate β-cell proliferation through increased circulating levels of growth factors, further emphasizing its role in maintaining pancreatic health and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, sedentary lifestyles contribute to elevated oxidative stress levels and ceramide production, impairing insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. Regular exercise induces anti-inflammatory responses, enhances antioxidant defenses, and promotes mitochondrial function, thereby improving insulin sensitivity and metabolic efficiency. Encouraging individuals to adopt active lifestyles and engage in regular exercise is crucial for preventing and managing insulin resistance and related metabolic disorders, ultimately promoting overall health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Małkowska
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
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7
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Taheri R, Mokhtari Y, Yousefi AM, Bashash D. The PI3K/Akt signaling axis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): From mechanistic insights into possible therapeutic targets. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38812089 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an immensely debilitating chronic disease that progressively undermines the well-being of various bodily organs and, indeed, most patients succumb to the disease due to post-T2DM complications. Although there is evidence supporting the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway by insulin, which is essential in regulating glucose metabolism and insulin resistance, the significance of this pathway in T2DM has only been explored in a few studies. The current review aims to unravel the mechanisms by which different classes of PI3Ks control the metabolism of glucose; and also to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on this topic. We also summarized the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling axis in target tissues spanning from the skeletal muscle to the adipose tissue and liver. Furthermore, inquiries regarding the impact of disrupting this axis on insulin function and the development of insulin resistance have been addressed. We also provide a general overview of the association of impaired PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of the most prevalent diabetes-related complications. The last section provides a special focus on the therapeutic potential of this axis by outlining the latest advances in active compounds that alleviate diabetes via modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Finally, we comment on the future research aspects in which the field of T2DM therapies using PI3K modulators might be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Taheri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yazdan Mokhtari
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vargas-López M, Quiroz-Vicente CA, Pérez-Hernández N, Gómez-Chávez F, Bañuelos-Hernández AE, Pérez-Hernández E. The ketone body β-Hydroxybutyrate as a fuel source of chondrosarcoma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30212. [PMID: 38694129 PMCID: PMC11061739 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a malignant bone tumor arising from cartilage-producing cells. The conventional subtype of CS typically develops within a dense cartilaginous matrix, creating an environment deficient in oxygen and nutrients, necessitating metabolic adaptation to ensure proliferation under stress conditions. Although ketone bodies (KBs) are oxidized by extrahepatic tissue cells such as the heart and brain, specific cancer cells, including CS cells, can undergo ketolysis. In this study, we found that KBs catabolism is activated in CS cells under nutrition-deprivation conditions. Interestingly, cytosolic β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 2 (BDH2), rather than mitochondrial BDH1, is expressed in these cells, indicating a specific metabolic adaptation for ketolysis in this bone tumor. The addition of the KB, β-Hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) in serum-starved CS cells re-induced the expression of BDH2, along with the key ketolytic enzyme 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1) and monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT1). Additionally, internal β-HB production was quantified in supplied and starved cells, suggesting that CS cells are also capable of ketogenesis alongside ketolysis. These findings unveil a novel metabolic adaptation wherein nutrition-deprived CS cells utilize KBs for energy supply and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misael Vargas-López
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Carlos A. Quiroz-Vicente
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Nury Pérez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Fernando Gómez-Chávez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Angel E. Bañuelos-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Pérez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, ENMyH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
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9
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Chen C, Jiang YP, You I, Gray NS, Lin RZ. Down-regulation of AKT proteins slows the growth of mutant-KRAS pancreatic tumors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592345. [PMID: 38746217 PMCID: PMC11092743 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Serine/threonine kinase AKT isoforms play a well-established role in cell metabolism and growth. Most pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) harbors activation mutations of KRAS, which activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. However, AKT inhibitors are not effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. To better understand the role of AKT signaling in mutant-KRAS pancreatic tumors, this study utilizes proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and CRISPR-Cas9-genome editing to investigate AKT proteins. PROTAC down-regulation of AKT proteins markedly slowed the growth of three pancreatic tumor cell lines harboring mutant KRAS. In contrast, inhibition of AKT kinase activity alone had very little effect on the growth of these cell lines. Concurrent genetic deletion of all AKT isoforms (AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3) in the KPC (KrasG12D; Trp53R172H; Pdx1-Cre) pancreatic cancer cell line also dramatically slowed its growth in vitro and when orthotopically implanted in syngeneic mice. Surprisingly, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), but not epidermal growth factor (EGF), restored KPC cell growth in serum-deprived conditions and the IGF-1 growth stimulation effect was AKT dependent. RNA-seq analysis of AKT1/2/3-deficient KPC cells suggested that reduced cholesterol synthesis may be responsible for the decreased response to IGF-1 stimulation. These results indicate that the presence of all three AKT isoforms supports pancreatic tumor cell growth and pharmacological degradation of AKT proteins may be more effective than AKT catalytic inhibitors for treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankai Chen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Ya-Ping Jiang
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Inchul You
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Richard Z. Lin
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA
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10
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Kim TH. Ginsenosides for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes: Therapeutic perspectives and mechanistic insights. J Ginseng Res 2024; 48:276-285. [PMID: 38707641 PMCID: PMC11068994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disorder of energy metabolism characterized by a sustained elevation of blood glucose in conjunction with impaired insulin action in multiple peripheral tissues (i.e., insulin resistance). Although extensive research has been conducted to identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of DM, its global prevalence and associated mortailty rates are still increasing, possibly because of challenges related to long-term adherence, limited efficacy, and undesirable side effects of currently available medications, implying an urgent need to develop effective and safe pharmacotherapies for DM. Phytochemicals have recently drawn attention as novel pharmacotherapies for DM based on their clinical relevance, therapeutic efficacy, and safety. Ginsenosides, pharmacologically active ingredients primarily found in ginseng, have long been used as adjuvants to traditional medications in Asian countries and have been reported to exert promising therapeutic efficacy in various metabolic diseases, including hyperglycemia and diabetes. This review summarizes the current pharmacological effects of ginsenosides and their mechanistic insights for the treatment of insulin resistance and DM, providing comprehensive perspectives for the development of novel strategies to treat DM and related metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Kim
- Drug Information Research Institute, Muscle Physiome Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Cai X, Hu Z, Zhang M, Dang Q, Yang Q, Zhao X, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Fang H, Yu H. Dosage-effect of selenium supplementation on blood glucose and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127410. [PMID: 38377660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of selenium (Se) supplementation on glycemic control is disparate. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effects of different dosages of Se diets on the blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, db/db) and normal (db/m) mice. METHODS The db/db and db/m mice were fed with different dosages of Se supplemented diets (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.9, 2.7 mg/kg) for 12 weeks, respectively. Se concentrations of tissues, physical and biochemical characteristics, oxidative stress indexes and gene expression related to glucose, lipid metabolism and Se transporters of liver were detected. RESULTS The Se concentrations in tissues were related to the dosages of Se supplementation in db/db (blood: slope=11.69, r = 0.924; skeletal muscle: slope=0.36, r = 0.505; liver: slope=22.12, r = 0.828; kidney: slope=11.81, r = 0.736) and db/m mice (blood: slope=19.89, r = 0.876; skeletal muscle: slope=2.80, r = 0.883; liver: slope=44.75, r = 0.717; kidney: slope=60.15, r = 0.960). Compared with Se2.7 group, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of Se0.1 and Se0.3 group were decreased at week3 in db/db mice. Compared with control (Se0) group, the FBG levels of Se2.7 group were increased from week6 to week12 in db/m mice. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of Se0.3 group was lower than that of Se0.9 and Se2.7 group in db/m mice. Furthermore, compared with control group, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in skeletal muscle of Se0.1 group was decreased, while that of Se2.7 group was increased in db/db mice; the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in skeletal muscle of Se0.3, Se0.9 and Se2.7 group was increased both in db/db and db/m mice. For db/db mice, glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic (G6pc) expression of other groups were lower and fatty acid synthase (Fasn) expression of Se0.9 group were lower compared with Se0.3 group. For db/m mice, compared with Se0.3 group, (peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha) Pgc-1α expression of control and Se0.9 group were higher; (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1) Pck1 expression of Se0.1, Se0.9, and Se2.7 group were higher. CONCLUSION Low dosages (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) of Se supplementation exerted beneficial effects on FBG levels and glucose tolerance through regulating hepatic glycolysis and gluconeogenesis and inhibit the oxidative stress while high dosages of Se (0.9 and 2.7 mg/kg) supplementation enhanced FBG levels, impaired glucose tolerance and aggravate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Cai
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhuo Hu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, PR China
| | - Qinyu Dang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yandi Zhu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yadi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yuchen Wei
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Haiqin Fang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, PR China.
| | - Huanling Yu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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12
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Meuten TK, Dean GA, Thamm DH. Review: The PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway in canine cancer. Vet Pathol 2024; 61:339-356. [PMID: 37905509 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231207021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumors in dogs and humans share many similar molecular and genetic features, incentivizing a better understanding of canine neoplasms not only for the purpose of treating companion animals, but also to facilitate research of spontaneously developing tumors with similar biologic behavior and treatment approaches in an immunologically competent animal model. Multiple tumor types of both species have similar dysregulation of signal transduction through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB; AKT), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), collectively known as the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. This review aims to delineate the pertinent aspects of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway in health and in tumor development. It will then present a synopsis of current understanding of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in important canine cancers and advancements in targeted inhibitors of this pathway.
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13
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Din ZU, Cui B, Wang C, Zhang X, Mehmood A, Peng F, Liu Q. Crosstalk between lipid metabolism and EMT: emerging mechanisms and cancer therapy. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04995-1. [PMID: 38622439 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Lipids are the key component of all membranes composed of a variety of molecules that transduce intracellular signaling and provide energy to the cells in the absence of nutrients. Alteration in lipid metabolism is a major factor for cancer heterogeneity and a newly identified cancer hallmark. Reprogramming of lipid metabolism affects the diverse cancer phenotypes, especially epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT activation is considered to be an essential step for tumor metastasis, which exhibits a crucial role in the biological processes including development, wound healing, and stem cell maintenance, and has been widely reported to contribute pathologically to cancer progression. Altered lipid metabolism triggers EMT and activates multiple EMT-associated oncogenic pathways. Although the role of lipid metabolism-induced EMT in tumorigenesis is an attractive field of research, there are still significant gaps in understanding the underlying mechanisms and the precise contributions of this interplay. Further study is needed to clarify the specific molecular mechanisms driving the crosstalk between lipid metabolism and EMT, as well as to determine the potential therapeutic implications. The increased dependency of tumor cells on lipid metabolism represents a novel therapeutic target, and targeting altered lipid metabolism holds promise as a strategy to suppress EMT and ultimately inhibit metastasis.
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Grants
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Ud Din
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Bai Cui
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Cenxin Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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14
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Liu SS, Bai TT, Que TL, Luo A, Liang YX, Song YX, Liu TY, Chen JW, Li J, Li N, Zhang ZC, Chen NN, Liu Y, Zhang ZC, Zhou YL, Wang X, Zhu ZB. PI3K/AKT mediated De novo fatty acid synthesis regulates RIG-1/MDA-5-dependent type I IFN responses in BVDV-infected CD8 +T cells. Vet Microbiol 2024; 291:110034. [PMID: 38432076 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has caused massive economic losses in the cattle business worldwide. Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key enzyme of the fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathway, has been shown to support virus replication. To investigate the role of fatty acids (FAs) in BVDV infection, we infected CD8+T lymphocytes obtained from healthy cattle with BVDV in vitro. During early cytopathic (CP) and noncytopathic (NCP) BVDV infection in CD8+ T cells, there is an increase in de novo lipid biosynthesis, resulting in elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides (TG). BVDV infection promotes de novo lipid biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with the FASN inhibitor C75 significantly reduces the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT in BVDV-infected CD8+ T cells, while inhibition of PI3K with LY294002 decreases FASN expression. Both CP and NCP BVDV strains promote de novo fatty acid synthesis by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Further investigation shows that pharmacological inhibitors targeting FASN and PI3K concurrently reduce FFAs, TG levels, and ATP production, effectively inhibiting BVDV replication. Conversely, the in vitro supplementation of oleic acid (OA) to replace fatty acids successfully restored BVDV replication, underscoring the impact of abnormal de novo fatty acid metabolism on BVDV replication. Intriguingly, during BVDV infection of CD8+T cells, the use of FASN inhibitors prompted the production of IFN-α and IFN-β, as well as the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Moreover, FASN inhibitors induce TBK-1 phosphorylation through the activation of RIG-1 and MDA-5, subsequently activating IRF-3 and ultimately enhancing the IFN-1 response. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that BVDV infection activates the PI3K/AKT pathway to boost de novo fatty acid synthesis, and inhibition of FASN suppresses BVDV replication by activating the RIG-1/MDA-5-dependent IFN response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Tong-Tong Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Tao-Lin Que
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - An Luo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yu-Xin Liang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yu-Xin Song
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Tian-Yi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jin-Wei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Nan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Ze-Chen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Nan-Nan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Ze-Cai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yu-Long Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhan-Bo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing 163319, China; Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, China.
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15
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Cai F, Liu L, Bo Y, Yan W, Tao X, Peng Y, Zhang Z, Liao Q, Yi Y. LncRNA RPARP-AS1 promotes the progression of osteosarcoma cells through regulating lipid metabolism. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:166. [PMID: 38308235 PMCID: PMC10835925 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11901-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant tumor, and its dysregulated lipid metabolism is associated with tumorigenesis and unfavorable prognosis. Interestingly, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of lipid metabolism, exerting notable impacts on tumor proliferation. Nevertheless, the involvement of RPARP-AS1, a novel lipid metabolism-associated lncRNA, remains unexplored in the context of OS. This study aims to identify functionally relevant lncRNAs impacting OS proliferation and lipid metabolism and seeks to shed light on the upstream regulatory mechanisms governing lipogenic enzyme activity. Based on comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and the establishment of a risk model, we identified seven lncRNAs significantly associated with clinical characteristics and lipid metabolism-related genes in patients with OS. Among these, RPARP-AS1 was selected for in-depth investigation regarding its roles in OS proliferation and lipid metabolism. Experimental techniques including RT-qPCR, Western blot, cell viability assay, assessment, and quantification of free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides (TGs) were utilized to elucidate the functional significance of RPARP-AS1 in OS cells and validate its effects on lipid metabolism. Manipulation of RPARP-AS1 expression via ectopic expression or siRNA-mediated knockdown led to alterations in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and expression of apoptosis-associated proteins, thereby influencing OS cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mechanistically, RPARP-AS1 was found to augment the expression of key lipogenic enzymes (FABP4, MAGL, and SCD1) and potentially modulate the Akt/mTOR pathway, thereby contributing to lipid metabolism (involving alterations in FFA and TG levels) in OS cells. Collectively, our findings establish RPARP-AS1 as a novel oncogene in OS cells and suggest its role in fostering tumor growth through the enhancement of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Nanchang, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Luhua Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Bo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Xuchang Tao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Yuanxiang Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Nanchang, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, North 128 Xiangshan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China
| | - Yangyan Yi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, P.R. China.
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16
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Lv Q, Shi J, Miao D, Tan D, Zhao C, Xiong Z, Zhang X. miR-1182-mediated ALDH3A2 inhibition affects lipid metabolism and progression in ccRCC by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101835. [PMID: 38039946 PMCID: PMC10730858 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), dysregulated lipid metabolism plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression. This study delves into the unexplored landscape of Dysregulated Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 3 Family Member A2 (ALDH3A2) in ccRCC. Using a combination of "fatty acid metabolism" dataset analysis and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, potential metabolic regulators in ccRCC were identified. Subsequent investigations utilizing public databases, clinical samples, and in vitro experiments revealed that ALDH3A2 was down-regulated in ccRCC, mediated by miR-1182, highlighting its role as an independent prognostic factor for patient survival. Functionally, ALDH3A2 exhibited tumor-suppressive properties, impacting ccRCC cell phenotypes and influencing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, silencing ALDH3A2 promoted lipid accumulation in ccRCC cells by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway, thereby promoting tumor progression. These findings shed light on the critical role of the miR-1182/ALDH3A2 axis in ccRCC tumorigenesis, emphasizing the potential for targeting lipid metabolism as a promising anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Lv
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Daojia Miao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Diaoyi Tan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chuanyi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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17
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Bosso M, Haddad D, Al Madhoun A, Al-Mulla F. Targeting the Metabolic Paradigms in Cancer and Diabetes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:211. [PMID: 38255314 PMCID: PMC10813379 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated metabolic dynamics are evident in both cancer and diabetes, with metabolic alterations representing a facet of the myriad changes observed in these conditions. This review delves into the commonalities in metabolism between cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D), focusing specifically on the contrasting roles of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis as primary energy-generating pathways within cells. Building on earlier research, we explore how a shift towards one pathway over the other serves as a foundational aspect in the development of cancer and T2D. Unlike previous reviews, we posit that this shift may occur in seemingly opposing yet complementary directions, akin to the Yin and Yang concept. These metabolic fluctuations reveal an intricate network of underlying defective signaling pathways, orchestrating the pathogenesis and progression of each disease. The Warburg phenomenon, characterized by the prevalence of aerobic glycolysis over minimal to no OXPHOS, emerges as the predominant metabolic phenotype in cancer. Conversely, in T2D, the prevailing metabolic paradigm has traditionally been perceived in terms of discrete irregularities rather than an OXPHOS-to-glycolysis shift. Throughout T2D pathogenesis, OXPHOS remains consistently heightened due to chronic hyperglycemia or hyperinsulinemia. In advanced insulin resistance and T2D, the metabolic landscape becomes more complex, featuring differential tissue-specific alterations that affect OXPHOS. Recent findings suggest that addressing the metabolic imbalance in both cancer and diabetes could offer an effective treatment strategy. Numerous pharmaceutical and nutritional modalities exhibiting therapeutic effects in both conditions ultimately modulate the OXPHOS-glycolysis axis. Noteworthy nutritional adjuncts, such as alpha-lipoic acid, flavonoids, and glutamine, demonstrate the ability to reprogram metabolism, exerting anti-tumor and anti-diabetic effects. Similarly, pharmacological agents like metformin exhibit therapeutic efficacy in both T2D and cancer. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying these metabolic shifts and explores promising therapeutic strategies aimed at reversing the metabolic imbalance in both disease scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Bosso
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Center, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (D.H.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (D.H.); (A.A.M.)
- Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Center, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (D.H.); (A.A.M.)
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18
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Chandrasekaran P, Weiskirchen R. The Role of SCAP/SREBP as Central Regulators of Lipid Metabolism in Hepatic Steatosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1109. [PMID: 38256181 PMCID: PMC10815951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly increasing worldwide at an alarming pace, due to an increase in obesity, sedentary and unhealthy lifestyles, and unbalanced dietary habits. MASLD is a unique, multi-factorial condition with several phases of progression including steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Sterol element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) is the main transcription factor involved in regulating hepatic de novo lipogenesis. This transcription factor is synthesized as an inactive precursor, and its proteolytic maturation is initiated in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum upon stimulation by insulin. SREBP cleavage activating protein (SCAP) is required as a chaperon protein to escort SREBP from the endoplasmic reticulum and to facilitate the proteolytic release of the N-terminal domain of SREBP into the Golgi. SCAP inhibition prevents activation of SREBP and inhibits the expression of genes involved in triglyceride and fatty acid synthesis, resulting in the inhibition of de novo lipogenesis. In line, previous studies have shown that SCAP inhibition can resolve hepatic steatosis in animal models and intensive research is going on to understand the effects of SCAP in the pathogenesis of human disease. This review focuses on the versatile roles of SCAP/SREBP regulation in de novo lipogenesis and the structure and molecular features of SCAP/SREBP in the progression of hepatic steatosis. In addition, recent studies that attempt to target the SCAP/SREBP axis as a therapeutic option to interfere with MASLD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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19
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Ziegler DV, Parashar K, Fajas L. Beyond cell cycle regulation: The pleiotropic function of CDK4 in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:51-63. [PMID: 38135020 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
CDK4, along with its regulatory subunit, cyclin D, drives the transition from G1 to S phase, during which DNA replication and metabolic activation occur. In this canonical pathway, CDK4 is essentially a transcriptional regulator that acts through phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (RB) and subsequent activation of the transcription factor E2F, ultimately triggering the expression of genes involved in DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression to S phase. In this review, we focus on the newly reported functions of CDK4, which go beyond direct regulation of the cell cycle. In particular, we describe the extranuclear roles of CDK4, including its roles in the regulation of metabolism, cell fate, cell dynamics and the tumor microenvironment. We describe direct phosphorylation targets of CDK4 and decipher how CDK4 influences these physiological processes in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian V Ziegler
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kanishka Parashar
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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20
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Deng X, Ning Z, Li L, Cui Z, Du X, Amevor FK, Tian Y, Shu G, Du X, Han X, Zhao X. High expression of miR-22-3p in chicken hierarchical follicles promotes granulosa cell proliferation, steroidogenesis, and lipid metabolism via PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127415. [PMID: 37848113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of RNA macromolecules that play regulatory roles in follicle development by inhibiting protein translation through binding to the 3'UTR of its target genes. Granulosa cell (GC) proliferation, steroidogenesis, and lipid metabolism have indispensable effect during folliculogenesis. In this study, we found that miR-22-3p was highly expressed in the hierarchical follicles of the chickens, which indicated that it may be involved in follicle development. The results obtained suggested that miR-22-3p promoted proliferation, hormone secretion (progesterone and estrogen), and the content of lipid droplets (LDs) in the chicken primary GC. The results from the bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting, confirmed that PTEN was directly targeted to miR-22-3p. Subsequently, it was revealed that PTEN inhibited proliferation, hormone secretion, and the content of LDs in GC. Therefore, this study showed that miR-22-3p could activate PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway via targeting PTEN. Taken together, the findings from this study indicated that miR-22-3p was highly expressed in the hierarchical follicles of chickens, which promotes GC proliferation, steroidogenesis, and lipid metabolism by repressing PTEN to activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Deng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Zifan Ning
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, PR China; Guizhou Hongyu Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co., Ltd, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Zhifu Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaxia Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China
| | - Xue Han
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, PR China; Guizhou Hongyu Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co., Ltd, Guiyang, PR China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, PR China.
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21
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Sun D, Luo G, Zhang Q, Wang M, Yang T, Wang Y, Pang J. Sub-chronic exposure to hexaconazole affects the lipid metabolism of rats through mTOR-PPAR-γ/SREBP1 signaling pathway mediated by oxidative stress. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105646. [PMID: 38072521 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Hexaconazole (Hex) is a widely used and high frequency detected triazole fungicide in agricultural products and environment which may pose potential toxicity to the nontargeted organisms. Hex had been reported to affect lipid homeostasis while the mechanism was undefined. This study aims to explore the characteristic lipidomic profiles and clarify the underlying signaling pathways of Hex-induced lipid metabolism disorder in rat liver. The results showed that sub-chronic exposure to environmental related concentrations of Hex caused histopathological changes, oxidative stress, fat accumulation, lipid biochemical parameter increase in rats. Moreover, the untargeted lipidomic analysis showed that the levels of TAG, PC, and PE and the pathway of glycerophospholipid metabolism were heavily altered by Hex. We further analyzed the lipid metabolism related genes and proteins which revealed that Hex exposure increased amount of lipogenesis by activating oxidative stress-mediated mTOR-PPAR-γ/SREBP1 signaling pathways. The imbalance of lipid homeostasis induced by Hex exposure might further lead to obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and hyperlipidemia. Our results provided systematic and comprehensive evidence for the mechanism of Hex-induced lipid metabolism disorder at environmental concentrations and supplied a certain basis for its health risks assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guofei Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tianming Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Junxiao Pang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
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22
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Lu M, Liu R, Chen Z, Su C, Pan L. Effects of dietary dihydromyricetin on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response and intestinal microbiota of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109086. [PMID: 37722436 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
A 56-day culture trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary dihydromyricetin (DMY) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response and intestinal microbiota of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). 840 healthy shrimp (1.60 ± 0.21 g) in total were fed with four different levels of DMY diets at 0 (Control), 100 (D1), 200 (D2), and 300 (D3) mg/kg, respectively. Samples were collected after the culture trial, and then, a 7-day challenge experiment against Vibrio parahaemolyticus was conducted. The results demonstrated that DMY significantly enhanced the activity of protease, amylase and lipase as well as the expression of lipid and protein transport-related genes (P < 0.05). The results of plasma lipid parameters indicated that DMY reduced lipid deposition, manifested by significantly (P < 0.05) decreased plasma total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The expression of genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation and triglyceride catabolism was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05), and genes involved in triglyceride synthesis were significantly down-regulated in DMY groups when compared to control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary DMY also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), antioxidant enzymes activity and glutathione (GSH) content of shrimp, and a significant increase of total hemocytes count (THC), phagocytic rate (PR), antibacterial activity (AA) and bacteriolytic activity (BA) was observed in DMY groups (P < 0.05). The addition of DMY to the diet significantly augmented immune response by up-regulating the expression of genes related to toll-like receptors (Toll) signaling pathway, immune deficiency (IMD) signaling pathway and intestinal mucin. Furthermore, dietary DMY could modulate the composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, DMY showed promising potential as a functional feed additive for shrimp to improve the growth performance and physiological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiang Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Renzhi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Zhifei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Chen Su
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
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23
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Khalifa A, Guijarro A, Ravera S, Bertola N, Adorni MP, Papotti B, Raffaghello L, Benelli R, Becherini P, Namatalla A, Verzola D, Reverberi D, Monacelli F, Cea M, Pisciotta L, Bernini F, Caffa I, Nencioni A. Cyclic fasting bolsters cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors' anticancer activity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6951. [PMID: 37907500 PMCID: PMC10618279 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying oncological applications for drugs that are already approved for other medical indications is considered a possible solution for the increasing costs of cancer treatment. Under the hypothesis that nutritional stress through fasting might enhance the antitumour properties of at least some non-oncological agents, by screening drug libraries, we find that cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs), including simvastatin, have increased activity against cancers of different histology under fasting conditions. We show fasting's ability to increase CBIs' antitumour effects to depend on the reduction in circulating insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 and leptin, which blunts the expression of enzymes from the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and enhances cholesterol efflux from cancer cells. Ultimately, low cholesterol levels through combined fasting and CBIs reduce AKT and STAT3 activity, oxidative phosphorylation and energy stores in the tumour. Our results support further studies of CBIs in combination with fasting-based dietary regimens in cancer treatment and highlight the value of fasting for drug repurposing in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Khalifa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ana Guijarro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via Leon Battista Alberti 2, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nadia Bertola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via Leon Battista Alberti 2, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Adorni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Bianca Papotti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Lizzia Raffaghello
- Center of Translational and Experimental Myology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Benelli
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pamela Becherini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Asmaa Namatalla
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Verzola
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Reverberi
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Monacelli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Cea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Bernini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Irene Caffa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
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24
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Parente M, Tonini C, Segatto M, Pallottini V. Regulation of cholesterol metabolism: New players for an old physiological process. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1449-1465. [PMID: 37796135 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Identified more than two centuries ago, cholesterol plays a pivotal role in human physiology. Since cholesterol metabolism is a physiologically significant process, it is not surprising that its alterations are associated with several pathologies. The discovery of new molecular targets or compounds able to modulate this sophisticated metabolism has been capturing the attention of research groups worldwide since many years. Endogenous and exogenous compounds are known to regulate cellular cholesterol synthesis and uptake, or reduce cholesterol absorption at the intestinal level, thereby regulating cholesterol homeostasis. However, there is a great need of new modulators and diverse new pathways have been uncovered. Here, after illustrating cholesterol metabolism and its well-known regulators, some new players of this important physiological process are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Segatto
- Department of Bioscience and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | - Valentina Pallottini
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- Neuroendocrinology Metabolism and Neuropharmacology Unit, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso Fiorano, Rome, Italy
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25
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Wang S, Zhou Y, Yu R, Ling J, Li B, Yang C, Cheng Z, Qian R, Lin Z, Yu C, Zheng J, Zheng X, Jia Q, Wu W, Wu Q, Chen M, Yuan S, Dong W, Shi Y, Jansen R, Yang C, Hao Y, Yao M, Qin W, Jin H. Loss of hepatic FTCD promotes lipid accumulation and hepatocarcinogenesis by upregulating PPARγ and SREBP2. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100843. [PMID: 37675273 PMCID: PMC10477690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Exploiting key regulators responsible for hepatocarcinogenesis is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the key players contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis remain poorly understood. We explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC for the development of potential new therapeutic targets. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases were used to identify genes with enhanced expression in the liver associated with HCC progression. A murine liver-specific Ftcd knockout (Ftcd-LKO) model was generated to investigate the role of formimidoyltransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD) in HCC. Multi-omics analysis of transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics data were applied to further analyse the molecular effects of FTCD expression on hepatocarcinogenesis. Functional and biochemical studies were performed to determine the significance of loss of FTCD expression and the therapeutic potential of Akt inhibitors in FTCD-deficient cancer cells. Results FTCD is highly expressed in the liver but significantly downregulated in HCC. Patients with HCC and low levels of FTCD exhibited worse prognosis, and patients with liver cirrhosis and low FTCD levels exhibited a notable higher probability of developing HCC. Hepatocyte-specific knockout of FTCD promoted both chronic diethylnitrosamine-induced and spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Multi-omics analysis showed that loss of FTCD affected fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism in hepatocarcinogenesis. Mechanistically, loss of FTCD upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) by regulating the PTEN/Akt/mTOR signalling axis, leading to lipid accumulation and hepatocarcinogenesis. Conclusions Taken together, we identified a FTCD-regulated lipid metabolic mechanism involving PPARγ and SREBP2 signaling in hepatocarcinogenesis and provide a rationale for therapeutically targeting of HCC driven by downregulation of FTCD. Impact and implications Exploiting key molecules responsible for hepatocarcinogenesis is significant for the prevention and treatment of HCC. Herein, we identified formimidoyltransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD) as the top enhanced gene, which could serve as a predictive and prognostic marker for patients with HCC. We generated and characterised the first Ftcd liver-specific knockout murine model. We found loss of FTCD expression upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) by regulating the PTEN/Akt/mTOR signalling axis, leading to lipid accumulation and hepatocarcinogenesis, and provided a rationale for therapeutic targeting of HCC driven by downregulation of FTCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruobing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Botai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoan Cheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruolan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengtao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiangxin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengnuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengxian Yuan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoping Shi
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Robin Jansen
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Yujun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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Liu J, Zhang Y, Wang QQ, Zhou Y, Liu JL. Fat body-specific reduction of CTPS alleviates HFD-induced obesity. eLife 2023; 12:e85293. [PMID: 37695169 PMCID: PMC10495109 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) is a multi-factorial disease including genetic, physiological, behavioral, and environmental components. Drosophila has emerged as an effective metabolic disease model. Cytidine 5'-triphosphate synthase (CTPS) is an important enzyme for the de novo synthesis of CTP, governing the cellular level of CTP and the rate of phospholipid synthesis. CTPS is known to form filamentous structures called cytoophidia, which are found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. Our study demonstrates that CTPS is crucial in regulating body weight and starvation resistance in Drosophila by functioning in the fat body. HFD-induced obesity leads to increased transcription of CTPS and elongates cytoophidia in larval adipocytes. Depleting CTPS in the fat body prevented HFD-induced obesity, including body weight gain, adipocyte expansion, and lipid accumulation, by inhibiting the PI3K-Akt-SREBP axis. Furthermore, a dominant-negative form of CTPS also prevented adipocyte expansion and downregulated lipogenic genes. These findings not only establish a functional link between CTPS and lipid homeostasis but also highlight the potential role of CTPS manipulation in the treatment of HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuanbing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qiao-Qi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Youfang Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ji-Long Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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Ye WW, Meng XY, Zhao Q, Chen JY, Liu C, Chen F, Zhou Y, Wang Y. Echinacoside exerts its protective effects in a type 2 diabetes mellitus injury model via the AKT pathway. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2023; 25:880-889. [PMID: 36573490 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2157269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Echinacoside (ECH) is the main compound of Cistanche deserticola, which possesses antioxidant, antitumor, antifatigue, and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the protective effects of echinacoside on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced injury in T2DM injury db/db mice model and insulin-resistant LO2 cell model. The results demonstrated that ECH probably alleviated T2DM-induced injury by mediating the AKT pathway, which provided a new direction for the treatment of T2DM-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiang-Ying Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian-Yang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai 200237, China
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28
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Wang Y, Chen Q, Wu S, Sun X, Yin R, Ouyang Z, Yin H, Wei Y. Amelioration of ethanol-induced oxidative stress and alcoholic liver disease by in vivo RNAi targeting Cyp2e1. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3906-3918. [PMID: 37719371 PMCID: PMC10502278 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) results from continuous and heavy alcohol consumption. The current treatment strategy for ALD is based on alcohol withdrawal coupled with antioxidant drug intervention, which is a long process with poor efficacy and low patient compliance. Alcohol-induced CYP2E1 upregulation has been demonstrated as a key regulator of ALD, but CYP2E1 knockdown in humans was impractical, and pharmacological inhibition of CYP2E1 by a clinically relevant approach for treating ALD was not shown. In this study, we developed a RNAi therapeutics delivered by lipid nanoparticle, and treated mice fed on Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet weekly for up to 12 weeks. This RNAi-based inhibition of Cyp2e1 expression reduced reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in mouse livers, and contributed to improved ALD symptoms in mice. The liver fat accumulation, hepatocyte inflammation, and fibrosis were reduced in ALD models. Therefore, this study suggested the feasibility of RNAi targeting to CYP2E1 as a potential therapeutic tool to the development of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiubing Chen
- Department of Urology, Frontier Science Centre for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Runting Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Urology, Frontier Science Centre for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- RNA Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Wuhan Research Centre for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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29
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Fu Q, Wang P, Zhang Y, Wu T, Huang J, Song Z. Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Asiaticoside on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism, and Gut Microbiota in Yellow-Feathered Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2653. [PMID: 37627444 PMCID: PMC10451259 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive abdominal fat deposition in chickens is a major concern in the poultry industry. Nutritional interventions are a potential solution, but current options are limited. Asiaticoside (Asi), a herbal extract, has shown positive effects in animals, but its impact on poultry lipid metabolism is still unknown. In this study, the effects of dietary Asi on yellow-feathered chicken lipid metabolism and its potential mechanisms were investigated. A total of 120 chickens were randomly divided into three groups, with five replicates per group and 8 chickens per replicate. The chickens were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.01, or 0.05% Asi for 6 wk. The results showed that Asi down-regulated lipogenic gene expression and up-regulated lipid-breakdown-related genes in both the liver and fat tissues of the chickens, which resulted in a half reduction in abdominal fat while not affecting meat yield. Mechanistically, the hepatic and adipose PI3K/AKT pathway may be involved in Asi-induced fat loss in chickens as revealed by computer-aided reverse drug target prediction and gene expression analysis. Moreover, Asi ingestion also significantly modified the cecal microbiota of the chickens, resulting in a reduced Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and decreased abundance of bacteria positively correlated with abdominal fat deposition such as Ruminococcus, while increasing the abundance of bacteria inversely correlated with abdominal fat deposition such as Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Blautia. Collectively, these data suggest that Asi could ameliorate the abdominal fat deposition in yellow-feathered chickens, probably through modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and gut microbiota function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ziyi Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (Q.F.); (P.W.); (Y.Z.); (T.W.); (J.H.)
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30
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Chen M, Wang K, Han Y, Yan S, Yuan H, Liu Q, Li L, Li N, Zhu H, Lu D, Wang K, Liu F, Luo D, Zhang Y, Jiang J, Li D, Zhang L, Ji H, Zhou H, Chen Y, Qin J, Gao D. Identification of XAF1 as an endogenous AKT inhibitor. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112690. [PMID: 37384528 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AKT kinase is a key regulator in cell metabolism and survival, and its activation is strictly modulated. Herein, we identify XAF1 (XIAP-associated factor) as a direct interacting protein of AKT1, which strongly binds the N-terminal region of AKT1 to block its K63-linked poly-ubiquitination and subsequent activation. Consistently, Xaf1 knockout causes AKT activation in mouse muscle and fat tissues and reduces body weight gain and insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet. Pathologically, XAF1 expression is low and anti-correlated with the phosphorylated p-T308-AKT signal in prostate cancer samples, and Xaf1 knockout stimulates the p-T308-AKT signal to accelerate spontaneous prostate tumorigenesis in mice with Pten heterozygous loss. And ectopic expression of wild-type XAF1, but not the cancer-derived P277L mutant, inhibits orthotopic tumorigenesis. We further identify Forkhead box O 1 (FOXO1) as a transcriptional regulator of XAF1, thus forming a negative feedback loop between AKT1 and XAF1. These results reveal an important intrinsic regulatory mechanism of AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kangjunjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ying Han
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shukun Yan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huairui Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongwen Zhu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dayun Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kaihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dakui Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Dali Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Jun Qin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Daming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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31
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Myers PJ, Lee SH, Lazzara MJ. An integrated mechanistic and data-driven computational model predicts cell responses to high- and low-affinity EGFR ligands. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.25.543329. [PMID: 37425852 PMCID: PMC10327094 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.25.543329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The biophysical properties of ligand binding heavily influence the ability of receptors to specify cell fates. Understanding the rules by which ligand binding kinetics impact cell phenotype is challenging, however, because of the coupled information transfers that occur from receptors to downstream signaling effectors and from effectors to phenotypes. Here, we address that issue by developing an integrated mechanistic and data-driven computational modeling platform to predict cell responses to different ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Experimental data for model training and validation were generated using MCF7 human breast cancer cells treated with the high- and low-affinity ligands epidermal growth factor (EGF) and epiregulin (EREG), respectively. The integrated model captures the unintuitive, concentration-dependent abilities of EGF and EREG to drive signals and phenotypes differently, even at similar levels of receptor occupancy. For example, the model correctly predicts the dominance of EREG over EGF in driving a cell differentiation phenotype through AKT signaling at intermediate and saturating ligand concentrations and the ability of EGF and EREG to drive a broadly concentration-sensitive migration phenotype through cooperative ERK and AKT signaling. Parameter sensitivity analysis identifies EGFR endocytosis, which is differentially regulated by EGF and EREG, as one of the most important determinants of the alternative phenotypes driven by different ligands. The integrated model provides a new platform to predict how phenotypes are controlled by the earliest biophysical rate processes in signal transduction and may eventually be leveraged to understand receptor signaling system performance depends on cell context. One-sentence summary Integrated kinetic and data-driven EGFR signaling model identifies the specific signaling mechanisms that dictate cell responses to EGFR activation by different ligands.
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32
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Montazeri M, Zarkesh M, Zadeh-Vakili A, Khalili D, Movahedi M, Khalaj A. Association of physical activity with increased PI3K and Akt mRNA levels in adipose tissues of obese and non-obese adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9291. [PMID: 37286617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. We examined the association of PI3K and Akt expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with daily physical activity (PA) in non-diabetic obese and non-obese adults. In this cross-sectional study, we included 105 obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and 71 non-obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) subjects (aged/ ≥ 18 years). PA was measured using a valid and reliable International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ)-long-form, and the metabolic equivalent of task(MET) was calculated. Real-time PCR was performed to analyze the mRNA relative expression. VAT PI3K expression had a lower level in obese compared to non-obese (P = 0.015), while its expression was higher in active individuals than inactive ones (P = 0.029). SAT PI3K expression was increased in active individuals compared to inactive ones (P = 0.031). There was a rise in VAT Akt expression in the actives compared to the inactive participants (P = 0.037) and in non-obese/active compared to non-obese/inactive individuals (P = 0.026). Obese individuals had a decreased expression level of SAT Akt compared to non-obsesses (P = 0.005). VAT PI3K was directly and significantly associated with PA in obsesses (β = 1.457, P = 0.015). Positive association between PI3K and PA suggests beneficial effects of PA for obese individuals that can be partly described by PI3K/Akt pathway acceleration in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Montazeri
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarkesh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azita Zadeh-Vakili
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Movahedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khalaj
- Tehran Obesity Treatment Center, Department of Surgery, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Fenton NM, Nguyen TB, Sharpe LJ, Brown AJ. Refining sugar's involvement in cholesterol synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159266. [PMID: 36528253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism and cholesterol synthesis are often regarded in isolation. Increasing evidence not only links these pathways but also suggests glucose catabolism regulates cholesterol synthesis. Uptake of glucose increases cholesterol production. However, the precise mechanism by which this occurs is not fully understood and is likely to involve many aspects of cellular pathways participating in energy sensing, cholesterol regulation, and synthesis. Here, we review some interesting links between cholesterol synthesis and glucose metabolism. Given glucose breakdown produces energy (both via glycolysis and its products through oxidative phosphorylation), and considering cholesterol synthesis is an energetically demanding process, it would seem logical that glucose metabolism impacts cholesterol synthesis. The energy sensing kinase AMPK carefully monitors energy supply to induce or suppress cholesterol synthesis as needed. Akt, activated by the insulin signalling cascade, regulates key transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism. The insulin signalling pathway also activates machinery involved in the deubiquitination of a key cholesterol synthesis enzyme. Moreover, glucose metabolites, acetyl-CoA, and GlcNAc are substrates for protein acetylation and N-glycosylation, respectively, and can stabilise proteins involved in cholesterol synthesis. As glucose and cholesterol dysregulation are both associated with numerous diseases, understanding the mechanisms of how glucose metabolism and cholesterol synthesis intersect may offer new avenues for therapeutics that make use of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Fenton
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tina B Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Laura J Sharpe
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew J Brown
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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34
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Nguyen Huu T, Park J, Zhang Y, Duong Thanh H, Park I, Choi JM, Yoon HJ, Park SC, Woo HA, Lee SR. The Role of Oxidative Inactivation of Phosphatase PTEN and TCPTP in Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010120. [PMID: 36670982 PMCID: PMC9854873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Despite the different etiologies, their spectra and histological feature are similar, from simple steatosis to more advanced stages such as steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies including peroxiredoxin knockout models revealed that oxidative stress is crucial in these diseases, which present as consequences of redox imbalance. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a superfamily of enzymes that are major targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of an oxidation-susceptible nucleophilic cysteine in their active site. Herein, we review the oxidative inactivation of two tumor suppressor PTPs, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP), and their contribution to the pathogenicity of ALD and NAFLD, respectively. This review might provide a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases and help develop new therapeutic strategies to treat fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang Nguyen Huu
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58 128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hien Duong Thanh
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58 128, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Iha Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Myung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life and Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-61-379-2775; Fax: +82-61-379-2782
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35
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Sangeeth A, Malleswarapu M, Mishra A, Gutti RK. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Cellular Metabolism and Haematopoiesis Regulators. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:79-91. [PMID: 35667690 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a category of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are more than 200 bases long and play major regulatory roles in a wide range of biologic processes, including hematopoeisis and metabolism. Metabolism in cells is an immensely complex process that involves the interconnection and unification of numerous signaling pathways. A growing body of affirmation marks that lncRNAs do participate in metabolism, both directly and indirectly, via metabolic regulation of enzymes and signaling pathways, respectively. The complexities are disclosed by the latest studies demonstrating how lncRNAs could indeed alter tissue-specific metabolism. We have entered a new realm for discovery that is both intimidating and intriguing. Understanding the different functions of lncRNAs in various cellular pathways aids in the advancement of predictive and therapeutic capabilities for a wide variety of myelodysplastic and metabolic disorders. This review has tried to give an overview of the different ncRNAs and their effects on hematopoiesis and metabolism. We have focused on the pathway of action of several lncRNAs and have also delved into their prognostic value. Their use as biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets has also been discussed. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review has tried to give an overview of the different ncRNAs and their effects on hematopoiesis and metabolism. The pathway of action of several lncRNAs and their prognostic value was discussed. Their use as biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets has also been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sangeeth
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, (PO) Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India (A.S., M.M., R.K.G.) and Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India (A.M.)
| | - Mahesh Malleswarapu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, (PO) Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India (A.S., M.M., R.K.G.) and Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India (A.M.)
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, (PO) Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India (A.S., M.M., R.K.G.) and Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India (A.M.)
| | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, (PO) Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India (A.S., M.M., R.K.G.) and Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India (A.M.)
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Enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase is essential for the production of DHA in zebrafish. J Lipid Res 2022; 64:100326. [PMID: 36592657 PMCID: PMC9974443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared with other species, freshwater fish are more capable of synthesizing DHA via same biosynthetic pathways. Freshwater fish have a "Sprecher" pathway to biosynthesize DHA in a peroxisome-dependent manner. Enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (Ehhadh) is involved in the hydration and dehydrogenation reactions of fatty acid β-oxidation in peroxisomes. However, the role of Ehhadh in the synthesis of DHA in freshwater fish remains largely unclear. In this study, the knockout of Ehhadh significantly inhibited DHA synthesis in zebrafish. Liver transcriptome analysis showed that Ehhadh deletion significantly inhibited SREBF and PPAR signaling pathways and decreased the expression of PUFA synthesis-related genes. Our results from the analysis of transgenic zebrafish (Tg:Ehhadh) showed that Ehhadh overexpression significantly increased the DHA content in the liver and significantly upregulated the expression of genes related to PUFA synthesis. In addition, the DHA content in the liver of Tg:Ehhadh fed with linseed oil was significantly higher than that of wildtype, but the expression of PUFA synthesis-related genes fads2 and elovl2 were significantly lower, indicating that Ehhadh had a direct effect on DHA synthesis. In conclusion, our results showed that Ehhadh was essential for DHA synthesis in the "Sprecher" pathway, and Ehhadh overexpression could promote DHA synthesis. This study provides insight into the role of Ehhadh in freshwater fish.
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Nguyen TK, Phung HH, Choi WJ, Ahn HC. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study on the Multi-Target Mechanisms of Aloe vera for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Treatment. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3585. [PMID: 36559697 PMCID: PMC9783676 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease with limited treatment options. The widely distributed plant Aloe vera has shown protective effects against NASH in animals, yet the precise mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanisms underlying the anti-NASH effects of Aloe vera using a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach. By searching online databases and analyzing the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset, we obtained 260 Aloe vera-NASH common targets. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses showed that the common targets were strongly associated with the key pathological processes implicated in NASH, including lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and liver fibrosis. Four core proteins, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), transcription factor c-Jun, and tumor suppressor protein p53, were identified from compound-target-pathway and protein-protein interaction networks. Molecular docking analysis verified that the active ingredients of Aloe vera were able to interact with the core proteins, especially AKT1 and TNFα. The results demonstrate the multi-compound, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanisms of Aloe vera against NASH. Our study has shown the scientific basis for further experiments in terms of the mechanism to develop Aloe vera-based natural products as complementary treatments for NASH. Furthermore, it identifies novel drug candidates based on the structures of Aloe vera's active compounds.
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Abdul Rashid K, Ibrahim K, Wong JHD, Mohd Ramli N. Lipid Alterations in Glioma: A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121280. [PMID: 36557318 PMCID: PMC9783089 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are highly lethal tumours characterised by heterogeneous molecular features, producing various metabolic phenotypes leading to therapeutic resistance. Lipid metabolism reprogramming is predominant and has contributed to the metabolic plasticity in glioma. This systematic review aims to discover lipids alteration and their biological roles in glioma and the identification of potential lipids biomarker. This systematic review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Extensive research articles search for the last 10 years, from 2011 to 2021, were conducted using four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and ScienceDirect. A total of 158 research articles were included in this study. All studies reported significant lipid alteration between glioma and control groups, impacting glioma cell growth, proliferation, drug resistance, patients' survival and metastasis. Different lipids demonstrated different biological roles, either beneficial or detrimental effects on glioma. Notably, prostaglandin (PGE2), triacylglycerol (TG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and sphingosine-1-phosphate play significant roles in glioma development. Conversely, the most prominent anti-carcinogenic lipids include docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and vitamin D3 have been reported to have detrimental effects on glioma cells. Furthermore, high lipid signals were detected at 0.9 and 1.3 ppm in high-grade glioma relative to low-grade glioma. This evidence shows that lipid metabolisms were significantly dysregulated in glioma. Concurrent with this knowledge, the discovery of specific lipid classes altered in glioma will accelerate the development of potential lipid biomarkers and enhance future glioma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa Abdul Rashid
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Kamariah Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Norlisah Mohd Ramli
- Department of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-379673238
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Chu H, Du C, Yang Y, Feng X, Zhu L, Chen J, Yang F. MC-LR Aggravates Liver Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Obese Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet via PI3K/AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 Signaling Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14120833. [PMID: 36548730 PMCID: PMC9784346 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a metabolic disease caused by excessive fat accumulation in the body, has attracted worldwide attention. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a hepatotoxic cyanotoxin which has been reportedly to cause lipid metabolism disorder. In this study, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks to build obese an animal model, and subsequently, the obese mice were fed MC-LR for another eight weeks, and we aimed to determine how MC-LR exposure affects the liver lipid metabolism in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. The results show that MC-LR increased the obese mice serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), indicating damaged liver function. The lipid parameters include serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and liver TG, which were all increased, whilst the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) was decreased. Furthermore, after MC-LR treatment, histopathological observation revealed that the number of red lipid droplets increased, and that steatosis was more severe in the obese mice. In addition, the lipid synthesis-related genes were increased and the fatty acid β-oxidation-related genes were decreased in the obese mice after MC-LR exposure. Meanwhile, the protein expression levels of phosphorylation phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K), phosphorylation protein kinase B (p-AKT), phosphorylation mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1-c) were increased; similarly, the p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, and SREBP1/β-actin were significantly up-regulated in obese mice after being exposed to MC-LR, and the activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 signaling pathway. In addition, MC-LR exposure reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the obese mice's serum. In summary, the MC-LR could aggravate the HFD-induced obese mice liver lipid metabolism disorder by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 signaling pathway to hepatocytes, increasing the SREBP1-c-regulated key enzymes for lipid synthesis, and blocking fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Chu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Can Du
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiangling Feng
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (F.Y.)
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province, Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (F.Y.)
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Yu W, Li C, Zhang D, Li Z, Xia P, Liu X, Cai X, Yang P, Ling J, Zhang J, Zhang M, Yu P. Advances in T Cells Based on Inflammation in Metabolic Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223554. [PMID: 36428983 PMCID: PMC9688178 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of metabolic diseases year by year and their impact on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases have attracted great attention as a major health care problem, but there is still no effective treatment. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the main mechanisms leading to metabolic diseases. T cells are involved in the inflammatory response, which can also regulate the development of metabolic diseases, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells are mainly responsible for the role. Th1 and Th17 differentiated from CD4+ T promote inflammation, while Th2 and Treg inhibit inflammation. CD8+ T cells also contribute to inflammation. The severity and duration of inflammatory reactions can also lead to different degrees of progression of metabolic diseases. Moreover, mTOR, PI3K-Akt, and AMPK signaling pathways play unique roles in the regulation of T cells, which provide a new direction for the treatment of metabolic diseases in the future. In this review, we will elaborate on the role of T cells in regulating inflammation in various metabolic diseases, the signaling pathways that regulate T cells in metabolic diseases, and the latest research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Chunxiu Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Xia Cai
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (P.Y.)
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (P.Y.)
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Mutant IDH1 attenuates hepatic lipogenesis through PTEN dependent pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 637:254-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chen Q, Gao Y, Yang F, Deng H, Wang Y, Yuan L. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 improves hepatic insulin resistance by regulating GABAergic signaling in the liver. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102603. [PMID: 36265585 PMCID: PMC9668738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin 1-7/MAS axis and the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic signaling system have both been shown to have the dual potential to improve insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis associated with obesity in the liver. Recent studies have demonstrated that ACE2 can regulate the GABA signal in various tissues. Notwithstanding this evidence, the functional relationship between ACE2 and GABA signal in the liver under IR remains elusive. Here, we used high-fat diet-induced models of IR in C57BL/6 mice as well as ACE2KO and adeno-associated virus-mediated ACE2 overexpression mouse models to address this knowledge gap. Our analysis showed that glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)67/GABA signaling was weakened in the liver during IR, whereas the expression of GAD67 and GABA decreased significantly in ACE2KO mice. Furthermore, exogenous administration of angiotensin 1-7 and adeno-associated virus- or lentivirus-mediated overexpression of ACE2 significantly increased hepatic GABA signaling in models of IR both in vivo and in vitro. We found that this treatment prevented lipid accumulation and promoted fatty acid β oxidation in hepatocytes as well as inhibited the expression of gluconeogenesis- and inflammation-related genes, which could be reversed by allylglycine, a specific GAD67 inhibitor. Collectively, our findings show that signaling via the ACE2/A1-7/MAS axis can improve hepatic IR by regulating hepatic GABA signaling. We propose that this research might indicate a potential strategy for the management of diabetes.
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Cao H, Zhuo R, Zhang Z, Wang J, Tao Y, Yang R, Guo X, Chen Y, Jia S, Yao Y, Yang P, Yu J, Jiao W, Li X, Fang F, Xie Y, Li G, Wu D, Wang H, Feng C, Xu Y, Li Z, Pan J, Wang J. Super-enhancer-associated INSM2 regulates lipid metabolism by modulating mTOR signaling pathway in neuroblastoma. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:158. [PMID: 36114560 PMCID: PMC9482322 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Abnormal lipid metabolism is one of the most prominent metabolic changes in cancer. Studies have shown that lipid metabolism also plays an important role in neuroblastoma. We recently discovered that the insulinoma-associated 2 gene (INSM2) could regulate lipid metabolism in neuroblastoma (NB) and is improperly controlled by super enhancers, a mammalian genome region that has been shown to control the expression of NB cell identity genes. However, the specific molecular pathways by which INSM2 leads to NB disease development are unknown.
Results
We identified INSM2 as a gene regulated by super enhancers in NB. In addition, INSM2 expression levels were significantly upregulated in NB and correlated with poor prognosis in patients. We found that INSM2 drives the growth of NB cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Knocking down INSM2 inhibited fatty acid metabolism in NB cells. Mechanistically, INSM2 regulates the expression of SREBP1 by regulating the mTOR signaling pathway, which in turn affects lipid metabolism, thereby mediating the occurrence and development of neuroblastoma.
Conclusion
INSM2 as a super-enhancer-associated gene could regulates lipid metabolism by modulating mTOR signaling pathway in neuroblastoma.
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Oberle R, Kührer K, Österreicher T, Weber F, Steinbauer S, Udonta F, Wroblewski M, Ben-Batalla I, Hassl I, Körbelin J, Unseld M, Jauhiainen M, Plochberger B, Röhrl C, Hengstschläger M, Loges S, Stangl H. The HDL particle composition determines its antitumor activity in pancreatic cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202101317. [PMID: 35577388 PMCID: PMC9112193 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite enormous efforts to improve therapeutic options, pancreatic cancer remains a fatal disease and is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the next decade. Previous research identified lipid metabolic pathways to be highly enriched in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Thereby, cholesterol uptake and synthesis promotes growth advantage to and chemotherapy resistance for PDAC tumor cells. Here, we demonstrate that high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated efficient cholesterol removal from cancer cells results in PDAC cell growth reduction and induction of apoptosis in vitro. This effect is driven by an HDL particle composition-dependent interaction with SR-B1 and ABCA1 on cancer cells. AAV-mediated overexpression of APOA1 and rHDL injections decreased PDAC tumor development in vivo. Interestingly, plasma samples from pancreatic-cancer patients displayed a significantly reduced APOA1-to-SAA1 ratio and a reduced cholesterol efflux capacity compared with healthy donors. We conclude that efficient, HDL-mediated cholesterol depletion represents an interesting strategy to interfere with the aggressive growth characteristics of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund Oberle
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Kührer
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamina Österreicher
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Weber
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Stefanie Steinbauer
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
| | - Florian Udonta
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark Wroblewski
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Ben-Batalla
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hassl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakob Körbelin
- ENDomics Lab, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Unseld
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Palliative Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research and Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Genomics and Biobank Unit, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Birgit Plochberger
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Clemens Röhrl
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
| | - Markus Hengstschläger
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Loges
- Department of Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Raeisi M, Zehtabi M, Velaei K, Fayyazpour P, Aghaei N, Mehdizadeh A. Anoikis in cancer: The role of lipid signaling. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1717-1728. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mortaza Raeisi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zehtabi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Kobra Velaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Parisa Fayyazpour
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Negar Aghaei
- Department of Psycology, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Imam Sajjad Hospital Tabriz Azad University Tabriz Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Insulin sensitivity is associated with the observed variation of de novo lipid synthesis and body composition in finishing pigs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14586. [PMID: 36028540 PMCID: PMC9418310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in body composition among pigs can be associated with insulin sensitivity given the insulin anabolic effect. The study objectives were to characterize this association and to compare de novo lipogenesis and the gene expression in the adipose tissue of pigs of the same genetic background. Thirty 30-95 kg of body weight (BW) pigs, catheterized in the jugular vein participated into an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 1.75 g glucose/kg of BW) to calculate insulin-related indexes. The 8 fattest and the 8 leanest pigs were used to determine the relative mRNA abundance of studied genes. The rate of lipogenesis was assessed by incorporation of [U-13C]glucose into lipids. The QUICKI and Matsuda indexes negatively correlated with total body lipids (r = - 0.67 and r = - 0.59; P < 0.01) and de novo lipogenesis (r = - 0.58; P < 0.01). Fat pigs had a higher expression level of lipogenic enzymes (ACACA, ACLY; P < 0.05) than lean pigs. The reduced insulin sensitivity in fat pigs was associated with a higher expression level of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and a lower expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ). In conclusion, pigs with increased body lipids have lower insulin sensitivity which is associated with increased de novo lipogenesis.
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47
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Oncolytic avian reovirus σA-modulated fatty acid metabolism through the PSMB6/Akt/SREBP1/acetyl-CoA carboxylase pathway to increase energy production for virus replication. Vet Microbiol 2022; 273:109545. [PMID: 35998542 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated previously that the σA protein of avian reovirus (ARV) functions as an activator of cellular energy, which upregulates glycolysis and the TCA cycle for virus replication. To date, there is no report with respect to σA-modulated regulation of cellular fatty acid metabolism. This study reveals that the σA protein of ARV inhibits fatty acids synthesis and enhance fatty acid oxidation by upregulating PSMB6, which suppresses Akt, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), acetyl-coA carboxylase α (ACC1), and acetyl-coA carboxylase β (ACC2). SREBP1 is a transcription factor involved in fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. Overexpression of SREBP1 reversed σA-modulated suppression of ACC1 and ACC2. In this work, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based genetically encoded indicator, Ateams, was used to study σA-modulated inhibition of fatty acids synthesis which enhances cellular ATP levels in Vero cells and human cancer cell lines (A549 and HeLa). By using Ateams, we demonstrated that σA-modulated inhibition of Akt, SREBP1, ACC1, and ACC2 leads to increased levels of ATP in mammalian and human cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of PSMB6 or overexpression of SREBP1 reversed σA-modulated increased levels of ATP in cells, indicating that PSMB6 and SREBP1 play important roles in ARV σA-modulated cellular fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, we found that σA R155/273A mutant protein loses its ability to enter the nucleolus, which impairs its ability to regulate fatty acid metabolism and does not increase ATP formation, suggesting that nucleolus entry of σA is critical for regulating cellular fatty acid metabolism to generate more energy for virus replication. Collectively, this study provides novel insights into σA-modulated inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and enhancement of fatty acid oxidation to produce more energy for virus replication through the PSMB6/Akt/SREBP1/ACC pathway.
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Jiang L, Goncharov DA, Shen Y, Lin D, Chang B, Pena A, DeLisser H, Goncharova EA, Kudryashova TV. Akt-Dependent Glycolysis-Driven Lipogenesis Supports Proliferation and Survival of Human Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells in Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:886868. [PMID: 35836951 PMCID: PMC9274086 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.886868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyper-proliferation of pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells (PAVSMC) is an important pathological component of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Lipogenesis is linked to numerous proliferative diseases, but its role in PAVSMC proliferation in PAH remains to be elucidated. We found that early-passage human PAH PAVSMC had significant up-regulation of key fatty acids synthesis enzymes ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FASN), and increased unstimulated proliferation compared to control human PAVSMC. Treatment with an allosteric ACC inhibitor 5-tetradecyloxy-2-furoic acid (TOFA) significantly decreased proliferation and induced apoptosis of human PAH PAVSMC. Intracellular lipid content and proliferation of PAH PAVSMC were not reduced by incubation in lipid-depleted media but suppressed by a non-metabolizable analog of glucose 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and partially restored by addition of pyruvate. Protein kinase Akt was upregulated in human PAH PAVSMC in a sirtuin 7 (SIRT7)- and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of Akt down-regulated ACLY and ACC, significantly reduced intracellular lipid content, inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of human PAH PAVSMC. Taken together, these data demonstrate that human PAH PAVSMC have up-regulated lipogenesis, which is supported in an Akt- and glycolysis-dependent manner and is required for increased proliferation and survival. Our data suggest that there is a mechanistic link between glycolysis, lipogenesis, and the proliferation of human PAH PAVSMC and call for further studies to determine the potential attractiveness of a SIRT7/JNK-Akt-lipogenesis axis as a target pathway to inhibit PAVSMC hyper-proliferation in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Jiang
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dmitry A Goncharov
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yuanjun Shen
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Derek Lin
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Baojun Chang
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Andressa Pena
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Horace DeLisser
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Elena A Goncharova
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Tatiana V Kudryashova
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Lluch A, Veiga SR, Latorre J, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Bonifaci N, Nguyen VD, Zhou Y, Horing M, Liebisch G, Olkkonen VM, Llobet-Navas D, Thomas G, Rodriguez-Barrueco R, Fernández-Real JM, Kozma SC, Ortega FJ. A compound directed against S6K1 hampers fat mass expansion and mitigates diet-induced hepatosteatosis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:150461. [PMID: 35737463 PMCID: PMC9431684 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is a relevant effector downstream of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), best known for its role in the control of lipid homeostasis. Consistent with this, mice lacking the S6k1 gene have a defect in their ability to induce the commitment of fat precursor cells to the adipogenic lineage, which contributes to a significant reduction of fat mass. Here, we assess the therapeutic blockage of S6K1 in diet-induced obese mice challenged with LY2584702 tosylate, a specific oral S6K1 inhibitor initially developed for the treatment of solid tumors. We show that diminished S6K1 activity hampers fat mass expansion and ameliorates dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis, while modifying transcriptome-wide gene expression programs relevant for adipose and liver function. Accordingly, decreased mTORC1 signaling in fat (but increased in the liver) segregated with defective epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the impaired expression of Cd36 (coding for a fatty acid translocase) and Lgals1 (Galectin 1) in both tissues. All these factors combined align with reduced adipocyte size and improved lipidomic signatures in the liver, while hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia were improved in treatments lasting either 3 months or 6 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Lluch
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (UDEN), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Sonia R Veiga
- Department of Aging & Metabolism, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jèssica Latorre
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (UDEN), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | | | - Núria Bonifaci
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Van Dien Nguyen
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - You Zhou
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Horing
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Vesa M Olkkonen
- Biomedicum, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newastle, United Kingdom
| | - George Thomas
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - José M Fernández-Real
- Department of Endocrinology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Sara C Kozma
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francisco J Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (UDEN), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
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50
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Barik AK, M SP, N M, Pai MV, Upadhya R, Pai AK, Lukose J, Chidangil S. A micro-Raman spectroscopy study of inflammatory condition of human cervix: Probing of Tissues and blood plasma samples. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102948. [PMID: 35661825 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study explores the application of the micro-Raman spectroscopy technique to discriminate normal and cervicitis condition from cervical malignancy by analyzing the Raman signatures of tissues and plasma samples of the same subjects. The Raman peaks from tissue samples at 1026 cm-1,1298 cm-1 and 1243 cm-1 are attributed to glycogen, fatty acids and collagen and are found to be reliable signatures capable of identifying cervicitis and normal condition from cervical cancer. The Raman signatures from plasma samples belonging to carbohydrates (578 cm-1), lipids (1059 cm-1) and nucleic acids (1077 cm-1,1341 cm-1 and 1357 cm-1) are quite useful to classify various stages of cervix at par with tissue based diagnosis. The PCA-SVM based classification of the spectral data indicates the potential of Raman spectroscopy based liquid biopsy to rule out false diagnosis of cervicitis as cervical malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaya Kumar Barik
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sanoop Pavithran M
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Mithun N
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Muralidhar V Pai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rekha Upadhya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Abhilash K Pai
- Department of Data Science & Computer Applications, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Jijo Lukose
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Santhosh Chidangil
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
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