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Tong M, Zhai K, Duan Y, Xia W, Zhao B, Zhang L, Chu J, Yao X. Selenium alleviates the adverse effects of microplastics on kale by regulating photosynthesis, redox homeostasis, secondary metabolism and hormones. Food Chem 2024; 450:139349. [PMID: 38631205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Kale is a functional food with anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anemia prevention properties. The harmful effects of the emerging pollutant microplastic (MP) on plants have been widely studied, but there is limited research how to mitigate MP damage on plants. Numerous studies have shown that Se is involved in regulating plant resistance to abiotic stresses. The paper investigated impact of MP and Se on kale growth, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, phytochemicals, and endogenous hormones. Results revealed that MP triggered a ROS burst, which led to breakdown of antioxidant system in kale, and had significant toxic effects on photosynthetic system, biomass, and accumulation of secondary metabolites, as well as a significant decrease in IAA and a significant increase in GA. Under MP supply, Se mitigated the adverse effects of MP on kale by increasing photosynthetic pigment content, stimulating function of antioxidant system, enhancing secondary metabolite synthesis, and modulating hormonal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kuizhi Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yusui Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wansheng Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bingnan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jianzhou Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China.
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2
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Liang Y, Yang X, Wang C, Wang Y. miRNAs: Primary modulators of plant drought tolerance. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 301:154313. [PMID: 38991233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a principal environmental factor that affects the growth and development of plants. Accordingly, plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to cope with adverse environmental conditions. One of the mechanisms is gene regulation mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are regarded as primary modulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have been shown to participate in drought stress response, including ABA response, auxin signaling, antioxidant defense, and osmotic regulation through downregulating the corresponding targets. miRNA-based genetic reconstructions have the potential to improve the tolerance of plants to drought. However, there are few precise classification and discussion of miRNAs in specific response behaviors to drought stress and their applications. This review summarized and discussed the specific response behaviors of miRNAs under drought stress and the role of miRNAs as regulators in the response of plants to drought and highlighted that the modification of miRNAs might effectively improve the tolerance of plants to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Gao W, Wu D, Zhang D, Geng Z, Tong M, Duan Y, Xia W, Chu J, Yao X. Comparative analysis of the effects of microplastics and nitrogen on maize and wheat: Growth, redox homeostasis, photosynthesis, and AsA-GSH cycle. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172555. [PMID: 38677420 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pose a significant threat to the function of agro-ecosystems. At present, research on MPs has mainly focused on the effects of different concentrations or types of MPs on a crop, while ignoring other environmental factors. In agricultural production, the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is an important means to maintain the high yield of crops. The effects of MPs and N on growth parameters, photosynthetic system, active oxygen metabolism, nutrient content, and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle of maize and wheat were studied in order to explicit whether N addition could effectively alleviate the effects of MPs on maize and wheat. The results showed that MPs inhibited the plant height of both maize and wheat, and MPs effects on physiological traits of maize were more severe than those of wheat, reflecting in reactive oxygen metabolism and restriction of photosynthetic capacity. Under the condition of N supply, AsA-GSH cycle of two plants has different response strategies to MPs: Maize promoted enzyme activity and co-accumulation of AsA and GSH, while wheat tended to consume AsA and accumulate GSH. N application induced slight oxidative stress on maize, which was manifested as an increase in hydrogen peroxide and malonaldehyde contents, and activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase. The antioxidant capacity of maize treated with the combination of MPs + N was better than that treated with N or MPs alone. N could effectively alleviate the adverse effects of MPs on wheat by improving the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dengyun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zixin Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mengting Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yusui Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wansheng Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jianzhou Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China.
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Sawicki CM, Ren Y, Kanaya AM, Kandula N, Gadgil M, Liang L, Haslam DE, Bhupathiraju SN. Metabolite Profiles of Plant-Based Diets and Cardiometabolic Risk in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America Study. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00346-8. [PMID: 38901635 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy plant-based diets have been associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Metabolomics can be leveraged to identify potential pathways through which diet influences disease risk. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify profiles of serum metabolites reflective of plant-based diets of varying quality and examine associations with cardiometabolic risk and T2D. METHODS We included data from 687 participants of the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) cohort. An overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy PDI (hPDI), and unhealthy PDI (uPDI) were estimated from food frequency questionnaires. Serum metabolites were assayed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Elastic net regression was used to identify sets of metabolites predictive of each diet index, and metabolite profile scores were calculated as the weighted sum of the selected metabolites. Cross-sectional associations between metabolite profile scores and cardiometabolic measures and prospective associations with incident T2D were evaluated with multivariable-adjusted linear and logistic regressions. RESULTS Metabolite profiles for PDI, hPDI, and uPDI consisted of n = 51, 55, and 45 metabolites, respectively. Metabolites strongly positively correlated with diet indices included phosphatidylcholine (16:0/18:3) for PDI, phosphatidylethanolamine (20:1/20:4) and pantothenate for hPDI, and lysophosphatidylglycerol (18:2/0:0), proline, and lauric acid for uPDI. Higher metabolite profile scores for PDI and hPDI were associated with lower glycemia and lipids measures, whereas a higher uPDI metabolite score was associated with higher triglycerides and lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol. A higher metabolite score for hPDI was additionally associated with lower adiposity measures, higher liver fat attenuation, higher adiponectin, lower odds of overweight (odds ratio [OR]: 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51, 0.81) and obesity (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.74), and lower odds of incident T2D (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.97). CONCLUSIONS Metabolite profiles of different plant-based diets were identified. Metabolite profiles of overall and healthy plant-based diets were associated with favorable cardiometabolic risk profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleigh M Sawicki
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yin Ren
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Namratha Kandula
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Meghana Gadgil
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Danielle E Haslam
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shilpa N Bhupathiraju
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
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5
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Li XE, Zhou HD, Li ZG. Metabolic and Functional Interactions of H 2S and Sucrose in Maize Thermotolerance through Redox Homeodynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6598. [PMID: 38928304 PMCID: PMC11204011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a novel gasotransmitter. Sucrose (SUC) is a source of cellular energy and a signaling molecule. Maize is the third most common food crop worldwide. However, the interaction of H2S and SUC in maize thermotolerance is not widely known. In this study, using maize seedlings as materials, the metabolic and functional interactions of H2S and SUC in maize thermotolerance were investigated. The data show that under heat stress, the survival rate and tissue viability were increased by exogenous SUC, while the malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage were reduced by SUC, indicating SUC could increase maize thermotolerance. Also, SUC-promoted thermotolerance was enhanced by H2S, while separately weakened by an inhibitor (propargylglycine) and a scavenger (hypotaurine) of H2S and a SUC-transport inhibitor (N-ethylmaleimide), suggesting the interaction of H2S and SUC in the development of maize thermotolerance. To establish the underlying mechanism of H2S-SUC interaction-promoted thermotolerance, redox parameters in mesocotyls of maize seedlings were measured before and after heat stress. The data indicate that the activity and gene expression of H2S-metabolizing enzymes were up-regulated by SUC, whereas H2S had no significant effect on the activity and gene expression of SUC-metabolizing enzymes. In addition, the activity and gene expression of catalase, glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and superoxide dismutase were reinforced by H2S, SUC, and their combination under non-heat and heat conditions to varying degrees. Similarly, the content of ascorbic acid, flavone, carotenoid, and polyphenol was increased by H2S, SUC, and their combination, whereas the production of superoxide radicals and the hydrogen peroxide level were impaired by these treatments to different extents. These results imply that the metabolic and functional interactions of H2S and sucrose signaling exist in the formation of maize thermotolerance through redox homeodynamics. This finding lays the theoretical basis for developing climate-resistant maize crops and improving food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Er Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650092, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, Yunnan Province, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Hong-Dan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650092, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, Yunnan Province, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Zhong-Guang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650092, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, Yunnan Province, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
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Hai D, Li J, Jiang D, Cheng J, Fu Y, Xiao X, Yin H, Lin Y, Chen T, Li B, Yu X, Cai Q, Chen W, Kotta-Loizou I, Xie J. Plants interfere with non-self recognition of a phytopathogenic fungus via proline accumulation to facilitate mycovirus transmission. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4748. [PMID: 38834585 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-self recognition is a fundamental aspect of life, serving as a crucial mechanism for mitigating proliferation of molecular parasites within fungal populations. However, studies investigating the potential interference of plants with fungal non-self recognition mechanisms are limited. Here, we demonstrate a pronounced increase in the efficiency of horizontal mycovirus transmission between vegetatively incompatible Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strains in planta as compared to in vitro. This increased efficiency is associated with elevated proline concentration in plants following S. sclerotiorum infection. This surge in proline levels attenuates the non-self recognition reaction among fungi by inhibition of cell death, thereby facilitating mycovirus transmission. Furthermore, our field experiments reveal that the combined deployment of hypovirulent S. sclerotiorum strains harboring hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses (HAVs) together with exogenous proline confers substantial protection to oilseed rape plants against virulent S. sclerotiorum. This unprecedented discovery illuminates a novel pathway by which plants can counteract S. sclerotiorum infection, leveraging the weakening of fungal non-self recognition and promotion of HAVs spread. These promising insights provide an avenue to explore for developing innovative biological control strategies aimed at mitigating fungal diseases in plants by enhancing the efficacy of horizontal HAV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Hai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jincang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanping Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xueqiong Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huanran Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ioly Kotta-Loizou
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jiatao Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Longkumer T, Grillet L, Chang HY, Lường TC, Chen CY, Putra H, Schmidt W, Verslues PE. Insertion of YFP at P5CS1 and AFL1 shows the potential, and potential complications, of gene tagging for functional analyses of stress-related proteins. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2011-2026. [PMID: 38392921 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Crispr/CAS9-enabled homologous recombination to insert a tag in frame with an endogenous gene can circumvent difficulties such as context-dependent promoter activity that complicate analysis of gene expression and protein accumulation patterns. However, there have been few reports examining whether such gene targeting/gene tagging (GT) can alter expression of the target gene. The enzyme encoded by Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase 1 (P5CS1) is key for stress-induced proline synthesis and drought resistance, yet its expression pattern and protein localisation have been difficult to assay. We used GT to insert YFP in frame with the 5' or 3' ends of the endogenous P5CS1 and At14a-Like 1 (AFL1) coding regions. Insertion at the 3' end of either gene generated homozygous lines with expression of the gene-YFP fusion indistinguishable from the wild type allele. However, for P5CS1 this occurred only after selfing and advancement to the T5 generation allowed initial homozygous lethality of the insertion to be overcome. Once this was done, the GT-generated P5CS1-YFP plants revealed new information about P5CS1 localisation and tissue-specific expression. In contrast, insertion of YFP at the 5' end of either gene blocked expression. The results demonstrate that GT can be useful for functional analyses of genes that are problematic to properly express by other means but also show that, in some cases, GT can disrupt expression of the target gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louis Grillet
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yi Chang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tài Chiến Lường
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yun Chen
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hadi Putra
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Paul E Verslues
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Bounaouara F, Hidri R, Falouti M, Rabhi M, Abdelly C, Zorrig W, Slama I. Silicon mitigates salinity effects on sorghum-sudangrass ( Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum sudanense) by enhancing growth and photosynthetic efficiency. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP24029. [PMID: 38902905 DOI: 10.1071/fp24029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether silicon (Si) supply was able to alleviate the harmful effects caused by salinity stress on sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor ×Sorghum sudanense ), a species of grass raised for forage and grain. Plants were grown in the presence or absence of 150mM NaCl, supplemented or not with Si (0.5mM Si). Biomass production, water and mineral status, photosynthetic pigment contents, and gas exchange parameters were investigated. Special focus was accorded to evaluating the PSI and PSII. Salinity stress significantly reduced plant growth and tissue hydration, and led to a significant decrease in all other studied parameters. Si supply enhanced whole plant biomass production by 50%, improved water status, decreased Na+ and Cl- accumulation, and even restored chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b , and carotenoid contents. Interestingly, both photosystem activities (PSI and PSII) were enhanced with Si addition. However, a more pronounced enhancement was noted in PSI compared with PSII, with a greater oxidation state upon Si supply. Our findings confirm that Si mitigated the adverse effects of salinity on sorghum-sudangrass throughout adverse approaches. Application of Si in sorghum appears to be an efficient key solution for managing salt-damaging effects on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Bounaouara
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Rabaa Hidri
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Falouti
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Mokded Rabhi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; and Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Walid Zorrig
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Inès Slama
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
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9
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Luo Q, Ma Y, Xie H, Chang F, Guan C, Yang B, Ma Y. Proline Metabolism in Response to Climate Extremes in Hairgrass. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1408. [PMID: 38794479 PMCID: PMC11125208 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa), a widely distributed grass species considered promising in the ecological restoration of degraded grassland in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, is likely to be subjected to frequent drought and waterlogging stress due to ongoing climate change, further aggravating the degradation of grassland in this region. However, whether it would acclimate to water stresses resulting from extreme climates remains unknown. Proline accumulation is a crucial metabolic response of plants to challenging environmental conditions. This study aims to investigate the changes in proline accumulation and key enzymes in hairgrass shoot and root tissues in response to distinct climate extremes including moderate drought, moderate waterlogging, and dry-wet variations over 28 days using a completely randomized block design. The proline accumulation, contribution of the glutamate and ornithine pathways, and key enzyme activities related to proline metabolism in shoot and root tissues were examined. The results showed that water stress led to proline accumulation in both shoot and root tissues of hairgrass, highlighting the importance of this osmoprotectant in mitigating the effects of environmental challenges. The differential accumulation of proline in shoots compared to roots suggests a strategic allocation of resources by the plant to cope with osmotic stress. Enzymatic activities related to proline metabolism, such as Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, ornithine aminotransferase, Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, and proline dehydrogenase, further emphasize the dynamic regulation of proline levels in hairgrass under water stress conditions. These findings support the potential for enhancing the stress resistance of hairgrass through the genetic manipulation of proline biosynthesis and catabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Luo
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai South of Qilian Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Huzhu 810500, China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yonggui Ma
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Huichun Xie
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai South of Qilian Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Huzhu 810500, China
| | - Feifei Chang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Chiming Guan
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Yushou Ma
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810008, China
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10
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D'Incà R, Mattioli R, Tomasella M, Tavazza R, Macone A, Incocciati A, Martignago D, Polticelli F, Fraudentali I, Cona A, Angelini R, Tavazza M, Nardini A, Tavladoraki P. A Solanum lycopersicum polyamine oxidase contributes to the control of plant growth, xylem differentiation, and drought stress tolerance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38761363 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Polyamines are involved in several plant physiological processes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, five FAD-dependent polyamine oxidases (AtPAO1 to AtPAO5) contribute to polyamine homeostasis. AtPAO5 catalyzes the back-conversion of thermospermine (T-Spm) to spermidine and plays a role in plant development, xylem differentiation, and abiotic stress tolerance. In the present study, to verify whether T-Spm metabolism can be exploited as a new route to improve stress tolerance in crops and to investigate the underlying mechanisms, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) AtPAO5 homologs were identified (SlPAO2, SlPAO3, and SlPAO4) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loss-of-function slpao3 mutants were obtained. Morphological, molecular, and physiological analyses showed that slpao3 mutants display increased T-Spm levels and exhibit changes in growth parameters, number and size of xylem elements, and expression levels of auxin- and gibberellin-related genes compared to wild-type plants. The slpao3 mutants are also characterized by improved tolerance to drought stress, which can be attributed to a diminished xylem hydraulic conductivity that limits water loss, as well as to a reduced vulnerability to embolism. Altogether, this study evidences conservation, though with some significant variations, of the T-Spm-mediated regulatory mechanisms controlling plant growth and differentiation across different plant species and highlights the T-Spm role in improving stress tolerance while not constraining growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo D'Incà
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Martina Tomasella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Raffaela Tavazza
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), BIOAG-BIOTEC C.R. Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Macone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Incocciati
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Cona
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Angelini
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Tavazza
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), BIOAG-BIOTEC C.R. Casaccia, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Nardini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paraskevi Tavladoraki
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
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11
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Xu Z, Bai Q, Peng X, Lang D, Zhang X. Endophytic Bacillus pumilus G5 Interacting with Silicon to Improve Drought Stress Resilience in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. by Modulating Nitrogen Absorption, Assimilation, and Metabolism Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10257-10270. [PMID: 38661009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress has become the primary severe threat to global agriculture production, including medicinal plants. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and environmentally friendly element silicon (Si) have emerged as effective methods in alleviating drought stress in various plants. Here, the effects of the plant endophytic G5 interaction with Si on regulating nitrogen absorption, assimilation, and metabolism pathways were investigated in the morphophysiological and gene attributes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis exposed to drought. Results showed that G5+Si application improved nitrogen absorption and assimilation by increasing the available nitrogen content in the soil, further improving the nitrogen utilization efficiency. Then, G5+Si triggered the accumulation of the major adjustment substances proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, putrescine, and chlorophyll, which played an important role in contributing to maintaining balance and energy supply in G. uralensis exposed to drought. These findings will provide new ideas for the combined application of PGPR and Si on both soil and plant systems in a drought habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanchao Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qiuxian Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueying Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Duoyong Lang
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China
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12
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Wang X, Li X, Dong S. Biochemical characterization and metabolic reprogramming of amino acids in Soybean roots under drought stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14319. [PMID: 38693848 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Amino acids play important roles in stress resistance, plant growth, development, and quality, with roots serving as the primary organs for drought response. We conducted biochemical and multi-omics analyses to investigate the metabolic processes of root amino acids in drought-resistant (HN44) and drought-sensitive (HN65) soybean (Glycine max) varieties. Our analysis revealed an increase in total amino acid content in both varieties, with phenylalanine, proline, and methionine accumulating in both. Additionally, several amino acids exhibited significant decreases in HN65 but slight increases in HN44. Multi-omics association analysis identified 13 amino acid-related pathways. We thoroughly examined the changes in genes and metabolites involved in various amino acid metabolism/synthesis and determined core genes and metabolites through correlation networks. The phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolic pathways and proline, glutamic acid and sulfur-containing amino acid pathways were particularly important for drought resistance. Some candidate genes, such as ProDH and P4HA family genes, and metabolites, such as O-acetyl-L-serine, directly affected up- and downstream metabolism to induce drought resistance. This study provided a basis for soybean drought resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Harbin, China
| | - Shoukun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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13
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Demircan N, Sonmez MC, Akyol TY, Ozgur R, Turkan I, Dietz KJ, Uzilday B. Alternative electron sinks in chloroplasts and mitochondria of halophytes as a safety valve for controlling ROS production during salinity. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14397. [PMID: 38894507 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Electron flow through the electron transport chain (ETC) is essential for oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and photosynthesis in chloroplasts. Electron fluxes depend on environmental parameters, e.g., ionic and osmotic conditions and endogenous factors, and this may cause severe imbalances. Plants have evolved alternative sinks to balance the reductive load on the electron transport chains in order to avoid overreduction, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to cope with environmental stresses. These sinks act primarily as valves for electron drainage and secondarily as regulators of tolerance-related metabolism, utilizing the excess reductive energy. High salinity is an environmental stressor that stimulates the generation of ROS and oxidative stress, which affects growth and development by disrupting the redox homeostasis of plants. While glycophytic plants are sensitive to high salinity, halophytic plants tolerate, grow, and reproduce at high salinity. Various studies have examined the ETC systems of glycophytic plants, however, information about the state and regulation of ETCs in halophytes under non-saline and saline conditions is scarce. This review focuses on alternative electron sinks in chloroplasts and mitochondria of halophytic plants. In cases where information on halophytes is lacking, we examined the available knowledge on the relationship between alternative sinks and gradual salinity resilience of glycophytes. To this end, transcriptional responses of involved components of photosynthetic and respiratory ETCs were compared between the glycophyte Arabidopsis thaliana and the halophyte Schrenkiella parvula, and the time-courses of these transcripts were examined in A. thaliana. The observed regulatory patterns are discussed in the context of reactive molecular species formation in halophytes and glycophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil Demircan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | | | - Turgut Yigit Akyol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rengin Ozgur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Ismail Turkan
- Department of Soil and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Yasar University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Baris Uzilday
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
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14
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Liu R, Deng M, Zhang N, Li Y, Jia L, Niu D. NADK-mediated proline synthesis enhances high-salinity tolerance in the razor clam. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 291:111610. [PMID: 38408517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Euryhaline organisms can accumulate organic osmolytes to maintain osmotic balance between their internal and external environments. Proline is a pivotal organic small molecule and plays an important role in osmoregulation that enables marine shellfish to tolerate high-salinity conditions. During high-salinity challenge, NAD kinase (NADK) is involved in de novo synthesis of NADP(H) in living organisms, which serves as a reducing agent for the biosynthetic reactions. However, the role of shellfish NADK in proline biosynthesis remains elusive. In this study, we show the modulation of NADK on proline synthesis in the razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) in response to osmotic stress. Under acute hypersaline conditions, gill tissues exhibited a significant increase in the expression of ScNADK. To elucidate the role of ScNADK in proline biosynthesis, we performed dsRNA interference in the expression of ScNADK in gill tissues to assess proline content and the expression levels of key enzyme genes involved in proline biosynthesis. The results indicate that the knock-down of ScNADK led to a significant decrease in proline content (P<0.01), as well as the expression levels of two proline synthetase genes P5CS and P5CR involved in the glutamate pathway. Razor clams preferred to use ornithine as substrate for proline synthesis when the glutamate pathway is blocked. Exogenous administration of proline greatly improved cell viability and mitigated cell apoptosis in gills. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the important role of ScNADK in augmenting proline production under high-salinity stress, by which the razor clam is able to accommodate salinity variations in the ecological niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Min Deng
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Liang Jia
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Donghong Niu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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15
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Sugumar T, Shen G, Smith J, Zhang H. Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1238. [PMID: 38732452 PMCID: PMC11085490 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, the changes in the agriculture industry have been inevitable, considering the need to feed the growing population. As the world population continues to grow, food security has become challenged. Resources such as arable land and freshwater have become scarce due to quick urbanization in developing countries and anthropologic activities; expanding agricultural production areas is not an option. Environmental and climatic factors such as drought, heat, and salt stresses pose serious threats to food production worldwide. Therefore, the need to utilize the remaining arable land and water effectively and efficiently and to maximize the yield to support the increasing food demand has become crucial. It is essential to develop climate-resilient crops that will outperform traditional crops under any abiotic stress conditions such as heat, drought, and salt, as well as these stresses in any combinations. This review provides a glimpse of how plant breeding in agriculture has evolved to overcome the harsh environmental conditions and what the future would be like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharanya Sugumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
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16
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Wang X, Zhao W, Wei X, Song S, Dong S. The application potential of mepiquat chloride in soybean: improvement of yield characteristics and drought resistance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:310. [PMID: 38649811 PMCID: PMC11036734 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought can result in yield losses, the application of plant growth regulators is an effective measure to improve drought resistance and yield. The objective of the study was to explore the application potential of mepiquat chloride (MC) in regulating soybean yield and drought resistance. METHODS In this study, a three-year field experiment was designed and combined with drought experiments to measure the yield of popularized varieties during 2021-2022 and drought-resistant and drought-sensitive varieties were selected, and planted in the field in 2023. RESULTS MC increased the yield of HN84 and HN87 for two consecutive years from 2021 to 2022 and improved their physiological characteristics under field conditions. Under M200 treatment, the yield of HN84 increased by 6.93% and 9.46%, and HN87 increased by 11.11% and 15.72%. Different concentrations of MC have different effects on soybeans. The maximum increase of SOD, POD and proline in HN84 under M400 treatment reached 71.92%, 63.26% and 71.54%, respectively; the maximum increase of SOD, POD and proline in HN87 under M200 treatment reached 21.96%, 93.49% and 40.45%, respectively. In 2023, the foliar application of MC improved the physiological characteristics of HN44 and HN65 under drought-stress conditions. On the eighth day of drought treatment, compared to the drought treatment, the leaf and root dry weight of HN44 under M100 treatment increased by 17.91% and 32.76%, respectively; the dry weight of leaves and roots of HN65 increased by 20.74% and 29.29% under M200 treatment, respectively. MC also reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content, decreased antioxidant enzyme activity and proline content. In addition, different concentrations of MC increased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fs, Fv/Fm, YII, and SPAD). In the field, the plant height of the two varieties decreased significantly, the yield increased, the number of two-grain and three-grain pods increased, and the stem length at the bottom and middle decreased with MC induction. CONCLUSIONS The application of 100-200 mg/L MC effectively improved drought resistance and increased yield. This study provided support for the rational application of MC in soybean production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xinhe Wei
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuang Song
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shoukun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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17
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Stałanowska K, Szablińska-Piernik J, Pszczółkowska A, Railean V, Wasicki M, Pomastowski P, Lahuta LB, Okorski A. Antifungal Properties of Bio-AgNPs against D. pinodes and F. avenaceum Infection of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4525. [PMID: 38674112 PMCID: PMC11050071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascochyta blight and Fusarium root rot are the most serious fungal diseases of pea, caused by D. pinodes and F. avenaceum, respectively. Due to the lack of fully resistant cultivars, we proposed the use of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNPs) as a novel protecting agent. In this study, we evaluated the antifungal properties and effectiveness of bio-AgNPs, in in vitro (poisoned food technique; resazurin assay) and in vivo (seedlings infection) experiments, against D. pinodes and F. avenaceum. Moreover, the effects of diseases on changes in the seedlings' metabolic profiles were analyzed. The MIC for spores of both fungi was 125 mg/L, and bio-AgNPs at 200 mg/L most effectively inhibited the mycelium growth of D. pinodes and F. avenaceum (by 45 and 26%, respectively, measured on the 14th day of incubation). The treatment of seedlings with bio-AgNPs or fungicides before inoculation prevented the development of infection. Bio-AgNPs at concentrations of 200 mg/L for D. pinodes and 100 mg/L for F. avenaceum effectively inhibited infections' spread. The comparison of changes in polar metabolites' profiles revealed disturbances in carbon and nitrogen metabolism in pea seedlings by both pathogenic fungi. The involvement of bio-AgNPs in the mobilization of plant metabolism in response to fungal infection is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Stałanowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (L.B.L.)
| | - Joanna Szablińska-Piernik
- Department of Botany and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 1, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Pszczółkowska
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 5, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Viorica Railean
- Department of Infectious, Invasive Diseases and Veterinary Administration, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.W.); (P.P.)
| | - Miłosz Wasicki
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.W.); (P.P.)
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.W.); (P.P.)
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Lesław Bernard Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (L.B.L.)
| | - Adam Okorski
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 5, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland;
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18
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Li R, Li Y, Tang M, Qu Z, Shao C, Zheng P, Hou W. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Research on the Germination Process of Panax ginseng Overwintering Buds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1041. [PMID: 38611569 PMCID: PMC11013764 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) is a perennial plant with a long dormancy period. While some researchers employ gibberellin and other substances to stimulate premature germination, this method is limited to laboratory settings and cannot be applied to the field cultivation of ginseng. The mechanism underlying the germination of ginseng overwintering buds remains largely unexplored. Understanding the internal changes during the dormancy release process in the overwintering buds would facilitate the discovery of potential genes, metabolites, or regulatory pathways associated with it. In this study, we approximately determined the onset of dormancy release through morphological observations and investigated the process of dormancy release in ginseng overwintering buds using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. Our analyses revealed that the germination process of ginseng overwintering buds is regulated by multiple plant hormones, each acting at different times. Among these, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) serve as classical signaling molecules regulating the dormancy process, while other hormones may promote the subsequent growth of overwintering buds. Additionally, metabolic pathways associated with arginine may be involved in the dormancy release process. Polyamines synthesized downstream may promote the growth of overwintering buds after dormancy release and participate in subsequent reproductive growth. This study provides insights into the germination process of ginseng overwintering buds at the molecular level and serves as a reference for further exploration of the detailed mechanism underlying ginseng overwintering germination in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranqi Li
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Yashu Li
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Miaomiao Tang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Zhengyi Qu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Cai Shao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Peihe Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Technological Innovation in the Production and Utilization of Dao-di Herbs, Jilin 132109, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China; (R.L.); (Y.L.); (M.T.); (Z.Q.); (C.S.)
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Wang X, Li X, Zhao W, Hou X, Dong S. Current views of drought research: experimental methods, adaptation mechanisms and regulatory strategies. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1371895. [PMID: 38638344 PMCID: PMC11024477 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1371895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses which causes many yield losses every year. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in international drought research. First, the main types of drought stress and the commonly used drought stress methods in the current experiment were introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were evaluated. Second, the response of plants to drought stress was reviewed from the aspects of morphology, physiology, biochemistry and molecular progression. Then, the potential methods to improve drought resistance and recent emerging technologies were introduced. Finally, the current research dilemma and future development direction were summarized. In summary, this review provides insights into drought stress research from different perspectives and provides a theoretical reference for scholars engaged in and about to engage in drought research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Millet Research Institute, Qiqihar Sub-Academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Shoukun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
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20
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Forlani G, Sabbioni G, Barera S, Funck D. A complex array of factors regulate the activity of Arabidopsis thaliana δ 1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase isoenzymes to ensure their specific role in plant cell metabolism. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1348-1362. [PMID: 38223941 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The first and committed step in proline synthesis from glutamate is catalyzed by δ1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS). Two P5CS genes have been found in most angiosperms, one constitutively expressed to satisfy proline demand for protein synthesis, the other stress-induced. Despite the number of papers to investigate regulation at the transcriptional level, to date, the properties of the enzymes have been subjected to limited study. The isolation of Arabidopsis thaliana P5CS isoenzymes was achieved through heterologous expression and affinity purification. The two proteins were characterized with respect to kinetic and biochemical properties. AtP5CS2 showed KM values in the micro- to millimolar range, and its activity was inhibited by NADP+ , ADP and proline, and by glutamine and arginine at high levels. Mg2+ ions were required for activity, which was further stimulated by K+ and other cations. AtP5CS1 displayed positive cooperativity with glutamate and was almost insensitive to inhibition by proline. In the presence of physiological, nonsaturating concentrations of glutamate, proline was slightly stimulatory, and glutamine strongly increased the catalytic rate. Data suggest that the activity of AtP5CS isoenzymes is differentially regulated by a complex array of factors including the concentrations of proline, glutamate, glutamine, monovalent cations and pyridine dinucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forlani
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sabbioni
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Barera
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dietmar Funck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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21
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Bae Y, Baek W, Lim CW, Lee SC. A pepper RING-finger E3 ligase, CaFIRF1, negatively regulates the high-salt stress response by modulating the stability of CaFAF1. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1319-1333. [PMID: 38221841 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Controlling protein stability or degradation via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system is a crucial mechanism in plant cellular responses to stress conditions. Previous studies have revealed that the pepper FANTASTIC FOUR-like gene, CaFAF1, plays a positive role in salt tolerance and that, in this process, CaFAF1 protein degradation is delayed. Here, we sought to isolate the E3 ligases potentially responsible for modulating CaFAF1 protein stability in response to salt stress. The pepper RING-type E3 ligase CaFIRF1 (Capsicum annuum FAF1 Interacting RING Finger protein 1) was found to interact with and ubiquitinate CaFAF1, leading to the degradation of CaFAF1 proteins. In response to high-salt treatments, CaFIRF1-silenced pepper plants exhibited tolerant phenotypes. In contrast, co-silencing of CaFAF1 and CaFIRF1 led to increased sensitivity to high-salt treatments, revealing that CaFIRF1 functions upstream of CaFAF1. A cell-free degradation analysis showed that high-salt treatment suppressed CaFAF1 protein degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway, in which CaFIRF1 is functionally involved. In addition, an in vivo ubiquitination assay revealed that CaFIRF1-mediated ubiquitination of CaFAF1 proteins was reduced by high-salt treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest that the degradation of CaFAF1 mediated by CaFIRF1 has a critical role in pepper plant responses to high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongil Bae
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woonhee Baek
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Yang Z, Zhang Z, Qiao Z, Guo X, Wen Y, Zhou Y, Yao C, Fan H, Wang B, Han G. The RING zinc finger protein LbRZF1 promotes salt gland development and salt tolerance in Limonium bicolor. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:787-809. [PMID: 38477645 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The recretohalophyte Limonium bicolor thrives in high-salinity environments because salt glands on the above-ground parts of the plant help to expel excess salt. Here, we characterize a nucleus-localized C3HC4 (RING-HC)-type zinc finger protein of L. bicolor named RING ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 1 (LbRZF1). LbRZF1 was expressed in salt glands and in response to NaCl treatment. LbRZF1 showed no E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. The phenotypes of overexpression and knockout lines for LbRZF1 indicated that LbRZF1 positively regulated salt gland development and salt tolerance in L. bicolor. lbrzf1 mutants had fewer salt glands and secreted less salt than did the wild-type, whereas LbRZF1-overexpressing lines had opposite phenotypes, in keeping with the overall salt tolerance of these plants. A yeast two-hybrid screen revealed that LbRZF1 interacted with LbCATALASE2 (LbCAT2) and the transcription factor LbMYB113, leading to their stabilization. Silencing of LbCAT2 or LbMYB113 decreased salt gland density and salt tolerance. The heterologous expression of LbRZF1 in Arabidopsis thaliana conferred salt tolerance to this non-halophyte. We also identified the transcription factor LbMYB48 as an upstream regulator of LbRZF1 transcription. The study of LbRZF1 in the regulation network of salt gland development also provides a good foundation for transforming crops and improving their salt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongran Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Ziqi Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Xueying Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Yixuan Wen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Yingxue Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Chunliang Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Hai Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Guoliang Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Agricultural High-tech Industrial Demonstration Area of the Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province, Dongying, 257000, China
- Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, Dongying, 257000, China
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23
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The SV, Santiago JP, Pappenberger C, Hammes UZ, Tegeder M. UMAMIT44 is a key player in glutamate export from Arabidopsis chloroplasts. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1119-1139. [PMID: 38092462 PMCID: PMC10980354 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Selective partitioning of amino acids among organelles, cells, tissues, and organs is essential for cellular metabolism and plant growth. Nitrogen assimilation into glutamine and glutamate and de novo biosynthesis of most protein amino acids occur in chloroplasts; therefore, various transport mechanisms must exist to accommodate their directional efflux from the stroma to the cytosol and feed the amino acids into the extraplastidial metabolic and long-distance transport pathways. Yet, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) transporters functioning in plastidial export of amino acids remained undiscovered. Here, USUALLY MULTIPLE ACIDS MOVE IN AND OUT TRANSPORTER 44 (UMAMIT44) was identified and shown to function in glutamate export from Arabidopsis chloroplasts. UMAMIT44 controls glutamate homeostasis within and outside of chloroplasts and influences nitrogen partitioning from leaves to sinks. Glutamate imbalances in chloroplasts and leaves of umamit44 mutants impact cellular redox state, nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and amino acid (AA) and sucrose supply of growing sinks, leading to negative effects on plant growth. Nonetheless, the mutant lines adjust to some extent by upregulating alternative pathways for glutamate synthesis outside the plastids and by mitigating oxidative stress through the production of other amino acids and antioxidants. Overall, this study establishes that the role of UMAMIT44 in glutamate export from chloroplasts is vital for controlling nitrogen availability within source leaf cells and for sink nutrition, with an impact on growth and seed yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Vivia The
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - James P Santiago
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Clara Pappenberger
- Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ulrich Z Hammes
- Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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24
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Li X, Zhao Y, He S, Meng J, Lu Y, Shi H, Liu C, Hao B, Tang Q, Zhang S, Zhang G, Luo Y, Yang S, Yang J, Fan W. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal the molecular mechanism underlying dynamic metabolic processes during taproot development of Panax notoginseng. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:170. [PMID: 38443797 PMCID: PMC10913227 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04861-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen is one of the most famous Chinese traditional medicinal plants. The taproot is the main organ producing triterpenoid saponins, and its development is directly linked to the quality and yield of the harvested P. notoginseng. However, the mechanisms underlying the dynamic metabolic changes occurring during taproot development of P. notoginseng are unknown. RESULTS We carried out metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses to investigate metabolites and gene expression during the development of P. notoginseng taproots. The differentially accumulated metabolites included amino acids and derivatives, nucleotides and derivatives, and lipids in 1-year-old taproots, flavonoids and terpenoids in 2- and 3-year-old taproots, and phenolic acids in 3-year-old taproots. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, metabolic pathway and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites at all three developmental stages. Integrative analysis revealed that the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was involved in not only the development of but also metabolic changes in P. notoginseng taproots. Moreover, significant accumulation of triterpenoid saponins in 2- and 3-year-old taproots was highly correlated with the up-regulated expression of cytochrome P450s and uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferases genes. Additionally, a gene encoding RNase-like major storage protein was identified to play a dual role in the development of P. notoginseng taproots and their triterpenoid saponins synthesis. CONCLUSIONS These results elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of and change relationship between primary and secondary metabolites in P. notoginseng taproots, and provide a basis for the quality control and genetic improvement of P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Shuilian He
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jing Meng
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yingchun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Huineng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunlan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Bing Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Qingyan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuangyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Shengchao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianli Yang
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Kant K, Rigó G, Faragó D, Benyó D, Tengölics R, Szabados L, Zsigmond L. Mutation in Arabidopsis mitochondrial Pentatricopeptide repeat 40 gene affects tolerance to water deficit. PLANTA 2024; 259:78. [PMID: 38427069 PMCID: PMC10907415 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The Arabidopsis Pentatricopeptide repeat 40 (PPR40) insertion mutants have increased tolerance to water deficit compared to wild-type plants. Tolerance is likely the consequence of ABA hypersensitivity of the mutants. Plant growth and development depend on multiple environmental factors whose alterations can disrupt plant homeostasis and trigger complex molecular and physiological responses. Water deficit is one of the factors which can seriously restrict plant growth and viability. Mitochondria play an important role in cellular metabolism, energy production, and redox homeostasis. During drought and salinity stress, mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to ROS overproduction and oxidative stress, affecting plant growth and survival. Alternative oxidases (AOXs) and stabilization of mitochondrial electron transport chain help mitigate ROS damage. The mitochondrial Pentatricopeptide repeat 40 (PPR40) protein was implicated in stress regulation as ppr40 mutants were found to be hypersensitive to ABA and high salinity during germination. This study investigated the tolerance of the knockout ppr40-1 and knockdown ppr40-2 mutants to water deprivation. Our results show that these mutants display an enhanced tolerance to water deficit. The mutants had higher relative water content, reduced level of oxidative damage, and better photosynthetic parameters in water-limited conditions compared to wild-type plants. ppr40 mutants had considerable differences in metabolic profiles and expression of a number of stress-related genes, suggesting important metabolic reprogramming. Tolerance to water deficit was also manifested in higher survival rates and alleviated growth reduction when watering was suspended. Enhanced sensitivity to ABA and fast stomata closure was suggested to lead to improved capacity for water conservation in such environment. Overall, this study highlights the importance of mitochondrial functions and in particular PPR40 in plant responses to abiotic stress, particularly drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kant
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rigó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dóra Faragó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dániel Benyó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Roland Tengölics
- Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Szabados
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Laura Zsigmond
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
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Zuzunaga-Rosas J, Calone R, Mircea DM, Shakya R, Ibáñez-Asensio S, Boscaiu M, Fita A, Moreno-Ramón H, Vicente O. Mitigation of salt stress in lettuce by a biostimulant that protects the root absorption zone and improves biochemical responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1341714. [PMID: 38434431 PMCID: PMC10906269 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1341714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Horticultural crops constantly face abiotic stress factors such as salinity, which have intensified in recent years due to accelerated climate change, significantly affecting their yields and profitability. Under these conditions, it has become necessary to implement effective and sustainable solutions to guarantee agricultural productivity and food security. The influence of BALOX®, a biostimulant of plant origin, was tested on the responses to salinity of Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia plants exposed to salt concentrations up to 150 mM NaCl, evaluating different biometric and biochemical properties after 25 days of treatment. Control plants were cultivated under the same conditions but without the biostimulant treatment. An in situ analysis of root characteristics using a non-destructive, real-time method was also performed. The salt stress treatments inhibited plant growth, reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and increased the concentrations of Na+ and Cl- in roots and leaves while reducing those of Ca2+. BALOX® application had a positive effect because it stimulated plant growth and the level of Ca2+ and photosynthetic pigments. In addition, it reduced the content of Na+ and Cl- in the presence and the absence of salt. The biostimulant also reduced the salt-induced accumulation of stress biomarkers, such as proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Therefore, BALOX® appears to significantly reduce osmotic, ionic and oxidative stress levels in salt-treated plants. Furthermore, the analysis of the salt treatments' and the biostimulant's direct effects on roots indicated that BALOX®'s primary mechanism of action probably involves improving plant nutrition, even under severe salt stress conditions, by protecting and stimulating the root absorption zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Zuzunaga-Rosas
- Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Innovak Global S. A. de C. V., La Concordia, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Roberta Calone
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Bologna, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana M. Mircea
- Department of Forestry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rashmi Shakya
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Botany, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sara Ibáñez-Asensio
- Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Fita
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Héctor Moreno-Ramón
- Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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Kebert M, Stojnić S, Rašeta M, Kostić S, Vuksanović V, Ivanković M, Lanšćak M, Markić AG. Variations in Proline Content, Polyamine Profiles, and Antioxidant Capacities among Different Provenances of European Beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:227. [PMID: 38397825 PMCID: PMC10886255 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
International provenance trials are a hot topic in forestry, and in light of climate change, the search for more resilient beech provenances and their assisted migration is one of the challenges of climate-smart forestry. The main aim of the study was to determine intraspecific variability in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) among 11 beech provenances according to total antioxidant capacities estimated by various assays, such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay, and radical scavenging capacity against nitric oxide (RSC-NO assays), as well as osmolyte content, primarily individual polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine), and free proline content. Polyamine amounts were quantified by using HPLC coupled with fluorescent detection after dansylation pretreatment. The highest values for radical scavenger capacity assays (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP) were measured in the German provenances DE47 and DE49. Also, the highest NO inhibition capacity was found in the provenance DE49, while the highest content of proline (PRO), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) was recorded in DE47. The Austrian AT56 and German provenance DE49 were most abundant in total polyamines. This research underlines the importance of the application of common antioxidant assays as well as osmolyte quantification as a criterion for the selection of climate-ready beech provenances for sustainable forest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Kebert
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Srđan Stojnić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Milena Rašeta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Saša Kostić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Vanja Vuksanović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Mladen Ivanković
- Division for Genetics, Forest Tree Breeding and Seed Science, Croatian Forest Research Institute, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia; (M.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Miran Lanšćak
- Division for Genetics, Forest Tree Breeding and Seed Science, Croatian Forest Research Institute, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia; (M.I.); (M.L.)
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Verslues PE. Please, carefully, pass the P5C. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:663-666. [PMID: 38307518 PMCID: PMC10837010 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Zheng Y, Cabassa-Hourton C, Eubel H, Chevreux G, Lignieres L, Crilat E, Braun H-P, Lebreton S, Savouré A. 2024. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate metabolism protein complex detected in Arabidopsis thaliana leaf mitochondria. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, 917–934.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Verslues
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11528, Taiwan
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29
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Zheng Y, Cabassa-Hourton C, Eubel H, Chevreux G, Lignieres L, Crilat E, Braun HP, Lebreton S, Savouré A. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate metabolism protein complex detected in Arabidopsis thaliana leaf mitochondria. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:917-934. [PMID: 37843921 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) and pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) dehydrogenase (P5CDH) catalyse the oxidation of proline into glutamate via the intermediates P5C and glutamate-semialdehyde (GSA), which spontaneously interconvert. P5C and GSA are also intermediates in the production of glutamate from ornithine and α-ketoglutarate catalysed by ornithine δ-aminotransferase (OAT). ProDH and P5CDH form a fused bifunctional PutA enzyme in Gram-negative bacteria and are associated in a bifunctional substrate-channelling complex in Thermus thermophilus; however, the physical proximity of ProDH and P5CDH in eukaryotes has not been described. Here, we report evidence of physical proximity and interactions between Arabidopsis ProDH, P5CDH, and OAT in the mitochondria of plants during dark-induced leaf senescence when all three enzymes are expressed. Pairwise interactions and localization of the three enzymes were investigated using bimolecular fluorescence complementation with confocal microscopy in tobacco and sub-mitochondrial fractionation in Arabidopsis. Evidence for a complex composed of ProDH, P5CDH, and OAT was revealed by co-migration of the proteins in native conditions upon gel electrophoresis. Co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of the P5C metabolism complex in Arabidopsis. Pull-down assays further demonstrated a direct interaction between ProDH1 and P5CDH. P5C metabolism complexes might channel P5C among the constituent enzymes and directly provide electrons to the respiratory electron chain via ProDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zheng
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRAE Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Cabassa-Hourton
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRAE Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Holger Eubel
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
| | - Guillaume Chevreux
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Lignieres
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Emilie Crilat
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRAE Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lebreton
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRAE Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Arnould Savouré
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRAE Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (iEES), 75005 Paris, France
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Pandey P, Patil M, Priya P, Senthil-Kumar M. When two negatives make a positive: the favorable impact of the combination of abiotic stress and pathogen infection on plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:674-688. [PMID: 37864841 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Combined abiotic and biotic stresses modify plant defense signaling, leading to either the activation or suppression of defense responses. Although the majority of combined abiotic and biotic stresses reduce plant fitness, certain abiotic stresses reduce the severity of pathogen infection in plants. Remarkably, certain pathogens also improve the tolerance of some plants to a few abiotic stresses. While considerable research focuses on the detrimental impact of combined stresses on plants, the upside of combined stress remains hidden. This review succinctly discusses the interactions between abiotic stresses and pathogen infection that benefit plant fitness. Various factors that govern the positive influence of combined abiotic stress and pathogen infection on plant performance are also discussed. In addition, we provide a brief overview of the role of pathogens, mainly viruses, in improving plant responses to abiotic stresses. We further highlight the critical nodes in defense signaling that guide plant responses during abiotic stress towards enhanced resistance to pathogens. Studies on antagonistic interactions between abiotic and biotic stressors can uncover candidates in host plant defense that may shield plants from combined stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mahesh Patil
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Piyush Priya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Muthappa Senthil-Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, PO Box No. 10531, New Delhi 110067, India
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Yang L, Han R, Duan Y, Li J, Gou T, Zhou J, Zhu H, Xu Z, Guo J, Gong H. Exogenous application of silicon and selenium improves the tolerance of tomato plants to calcium nitrate stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108416. [PMID: 38354528 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) and selenium (Se) can improve the tolerance of plants to NaCl-induced salt stress. However, few studies are available on their regulatory effects on plants' tolerance to calcium nitrate stress, which often occurs in protected facilities, causing secondary soil salinization. In this study, we report the effects of Si (6 mM) and Se (20 μM) applied separately or in combination on the growth, photosynthesis, oxidative damage, and nitrogen metabolism of tomato plants, as well as fruit quality under calcium nitrate stress. The results showed that applications of Si or Se alone or in combination improved the plant growth and photosynthetic performance and reduced oxidative damage of the stressed plants. Applications of Si and Se did not decrease the calcium accumulation in leaves of the stressed plants. Under calcium nitrate stress, the concentrations of NO3-, NO2- and NH4+ in leaves were significantly increased, while the activities of nitrogen assimilation-related enzymes (including nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthase, glutamine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase) were decreased. Applications of Si and Se, especially their combined treatment, decreased the NO3-, NO2-, and NH4+ concentrations and enhanced the activities of nitrogen assimilation-related enzymes in the stressed plants. Applied Si and Se also decreased the nitrate and titratable acid concentrations and increased vitamin levels in tomato fruits under calcium nitrate stress. It is suggested that Si and Se improved the tomato plant growth and fruit quality under calcium nitrate stress by alleviating oxidative damage and promoting both photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Rong Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yaoke Duan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jiayi Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Tianyun Gou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Haijia Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhongmin Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jia Guo
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Haijun Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Kijowska-Oberc J, Wawrzyniak MK, Ciszewska L, Ratajczak E. Evaluation of P5CS and ProDH activity in Paulownia tomentosa (Steud.) as an indicator of oxidative changes induced by drought stress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16697. [PMID: 38282856 PMCID: PMC10822135 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate changes in proline metabolism in seedlings of tree species during drought stress. One month old Paulownia tomentosa seedlings were exposed to moisture conditions at various levels (irrigation at 100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity), and then the material (leaves and roots) was collected three times at 10-day intervals. The activity of enzymes involved in proline metabolism was closely related to drought severity; however, proline content was not directly impacted. The activity of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), which catalyzes proline biosynthesis, increased in response to hydrogen peroxide accumulation, which was correlated with soil moisture. In contrast, the activity of proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), which catalyzes proline catabolism, decreased. Compared to proline, the activity of these enzymes may be a more reliable biochemical marker of stress-induced oxidative changes. The content of proline is dependent on numerous additional factors, i.e., its degradation is an important alternative energy source. Moreover, we noted tissue-specific differences in this species, in which roots appeared to be proline biosynthesis sites and leaves appeared to be proline catabolism sites. Further research is needed to examine a broader view of proline metabolism as a cycle regulated by multiple mechanisms and differences between species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liliana Ciszewska
- Laboratory of RNA Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Polska
| | - Ewelina Ratajczak
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Wielkopolskie, Polska
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Zhao Y, Yang X, Zhang J, Huang L, Shi Z, Tian Z, Sha A, Lu G. Thaumatin-like protein family genes VfTLP4-3 and VfTLP5 are critical for faba bean's response to drought stress at the seedling stage. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108243. [PMID: 38048701 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are a diverse family of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR-5) found in various plant species. Faba bean is an economically important crop known for its nutritional value and resilience to harsh environmental conditions, including drought. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the gene structure, phylogenetics, and expression patterns of TLP genes in faba bean, with a specific focus on their response to drought stress. A total of 10 TLP genes were identified and characterized from the faba bean transcriptome, which could be classified into four distinct groups based on their evolutionary relationships. Conserved cysteine residues and REDDD motifs, which are characteristic features of TLPs, were found in most of the identified VfTLP members, and these proteins were likely to reside in the cytoplasm. Two genes, VfTLP4-3 and VfTLP5, exhibited significant upregulation under drought conditions. Additionally, ectopically expressing VfTLP4-3 and VfTLP5 in tobacco leaves resulted in enhanced drought tolerance and increased peroxidase (POD) activity. Moreover, the protein VfTLP4-3 was hypothesized to interact with glycoside hydrolase family 18 (GH18), endochitinase, dehydrin, Barwin, and aldolase, all of which are implicated in chitin metabolism. Conversely, VfTLP5 was anticipated to associate with peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase-like 3, a molecule linked to the synthesis of proline. These findings suggest that these genes may play crucial roles in mediating the drought response in faba bean through the regulation of these metabolic pathways, and serve as a foundation for future genetic improvement strategies targeting enhanced drought resilience in this economically important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguo Zhao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Jiannan Zhang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China; College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jinzhou, 434023, PR China
| | - Liqiong Huang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Zechen Shi
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China
| | - Zhitao Tian
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China.
| | - Aihua Sha
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jinzhou, 434023, PR China.
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China.
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Wang T, Tang C, Xiao M, Cao Z, He M, Qi J, Li Y, Li X. Effect of Air Drying on the Metabolic Profile of Fresh Wild and Artificial Cordyceps sinensis. Foods 2023; 13:48. [PMID: 38201076 PMCID: PMC10778509 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fresh and dried Cordyceps sinensis are widely used by the public for medicinal and health purposes. However, the differences between them have not been examined. In this study, fresh wild and artificial C. sinensis (WFC and AFC) were dried to obtain dried wild and artificial C. sinensis (WDC and ADC). Non-targeted GC-MS was used to analyze the metabolic profile characteristics of the four groups of samples. The results showed that air drying significantly altered the composition and content of C. sinensis, mainly in the form of higher abundance of organic acids and derivatives and lower abundance of lipids and lipid-like molecules in fresh C. sinensis. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and quantitative analyses showed that air drying increased the abundance of Valine, Zinniol, Urocanate, Vulpinic acid, and Uridine 5'-diphosphate, and decreased Xanthotoxol, Vitexin-4-o-glucoside, Val-trp, and Wogonin. These differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were also shown to be potential biomarkers for C. sinensis. KEGG enrichment analysis identified lysine biosynthesis as the most significantly enriched pathway. Annotation of these DAMs to lysine biosynthesis revealed that citrate cycle and pyruvate metabolism entered lysine biosynthesis via 2-oxohlutarate and Homocitrate, respectively, resulting in significant enrichment of L-saccharopine and L-lysine content was significantly higher. Alanine, aspartate, and Glutamate metabolism synthesized more L-aspartate to promote L-lysine synthesis. Thus, high levels of L-lysine result in lysine degradation and pymolysine, which are the most active metabolic pathways during the drying of fresh C. sinensis and indirectly lead to differences in metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (T.W.); (C.T.); (M.X.); (Z.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Chuyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (T.W.); (C.T.); (M.X.); (Z.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Mengjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (T.W.); (C.T.); (M.X.); (Z.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Zhengfei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (T.W.); (C.T.); (M.X.); (Z.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Min He
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (T.W.); (C.T.); (M.X.); (Z.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Jianzhao Qi
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Yuling Li
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xiuzhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (T.W.); (C.T.); (M.X.); (Z.C.); (M.H.)
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Scharte J, Hassa S, Herrfurth C, Feussner I, Forlani G, Weis E, von Schaewen A. Metabolic priming in G6PDH isoenzyme-replaced tobacco lines improves stress tolerance and seed yields via altering assimilate partitioning. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1696-1716. [PMID: 37713307 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the basis for better performance of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants with G6PDH-isoenzyme replacement in the cytosol (Xanthi::cP2::cytRNAi, Scharte et al., 2009). After six generations of selfing, infiltration of Phytophthora nicotianae zoospores into source leaves confirmed that defence responses (ROS, callose) are accelerated, showing as fast cell death of the infected tissue. Yet, stress-related hormone profiles resembled susceptible Xanthi and not resistant cultivar SNN, hinting at mainly metabolic adjustments in the transgenic lines. Leaves of non-stressed plants contained twofold elevated fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6P2 ) levels, leading to partial sugar retention (soluble sugars, starch) and elevated hexose-to-sucrose ratios, but also more lipids. Above-ground biomass lay in between susceptible Xanthi and resistant SNN, with photo-assimilates preferentially allocated to inflorescences. Seeds were heavier with higher lipid-to-carbohydrate ratios, resulting in increased harvest yields - also under water limitation. Abiotic stress tolerance (salt, drought) was improved during germination, and in floated leaf disks of non-stressed plants. In leaves of salt-watered plants, proline accumulated to higher levels during illumination, concomitant with efficient NADP(H) use and recycling. Non-stressed plants showed enhanced PSII-induction kinetics (upon dark-light transition) with little differences at the stationary phase. Leaf exudates contained 10% less sucrose, similar amino acids, but more fatty acids - especially in the light. Export of specific fatty acids via the phloem may contribute to both, earlier flowering and higher seed yields of the Xanthi-cP2 lines. Apparently, metabolic priming by F2,6P2 -combined with sustained NADP(H) turnover-bypasses the genetically fixed growth-defence trade-off, rendering tobacco plants more stress-resilient and productive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Scharte
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hassa
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelia Herrfurth
- Albrecht-von-Haller-Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften and Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (GZMB), Abteilung Biochemie der Pflanze, Universität Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Albrecht-von-Haller-Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften and Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (GZMB), Abteilung Biochemie der Pflanze, Universität Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Forlani
- Laboratorio di Fisiologia e Biochimica Vegetale, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, I-44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Engelbert Weis
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Antje von Schaewen
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, D-48149, Münster, Germany
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Huang S, Deng Q, Zhao Y, Chen G, Geng A, Wang X. l-Glutamate Seed Priming Enhances 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline Formation in Fragrant Rice Seedlings in Response to Arsenite Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18443-18453. [PMID: 37975831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) is a fragrance compound and flavor in fragrant rice whose precursors are generally glutamate (Glu) and proline (Pro). Our previous study revealed that exogenous Glu enhanced the arsenic (As) tolerance in fragrant rice by improving the ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle and the Pro content in roots. However, less is known about how Glu is involved in 2-AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice under As stress. Herein, a hydroponic experiment of L-Glu seed priming with 0, 100, and 500 μM l-glutamic acid solutions was conducted with two fragrant rice varieties. After that, the 10-day-old seedlings were cultured under 0 and 100 μM arsenite stress for 10 d. Results showed that the 2-AP and Pro contents were increased by 18-30% and 21-78% under As100 μM-Glu100 μM treatment in comparison to the control As100 μM to Glu0 μM, while the activities of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) were increased by 19-46% and 3-19%, respectively. Furthermore, the 2-AP, Pro contents, and P5CS activity were correlated positively. Correspondingly, a significant abundance of differential expressed metabolites (18) and differential expressed genes (26) was observed in amino acid metabolism and glutathione metabolism pathways. In addition, several essential genes were verified and grouped into the pathways of glutathione metabolism, proline, and arginine metabolism with antioxidant defense system to comodulate 2-AP biosynthesis and stress detoxification. Therefore, the Glu seed priming treatment had a positive impact on the 2-AP biosynthesis of fragrant rice under 100 μM arsenite toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suihua Huang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Quanqing Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yarong Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Anjing Geng
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Vuksanović V, Kovačević B, Kebert M, Pavlović L, Kesić L, Čukanović J, Orlović S. In vitro selection of drought-tolerant white poplar clones based on antioxidant activities and osmoprotectant content. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1280794. [PMID: 38046609 PMCID: PMC10690421 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1280794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Introduction In light of upcoming climate change, there is an urgent requirement for tree improvement regarding adaptability to drought-caused stress and the development of quick and reliable screening methodologies for genotypes' drought tolerance. White poplar is, despite its high adaptability, considered to be an endangered tree species in Serbia, which gives it special importance in the preservation and improvement of biodiversity of riparian ecosystems. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of five white poplar clones to the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000 molecular weight 6000) (different concentrations (e.g. 0 g/L, 1 g/L, 10 g/L, 20 g/L, and 50 g/L) in Aspen Culture Medium (ACM). Methods The tolerance of the clones was evaluated by using morphological parameters (shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight), photosynthetic pigments (contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and chlorophyll a+b), and biochemical parameters (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, ferric reducing antioxidant power, antioxidant activities (DPPH activity and ABTS assay), free proline content and glycine betaine content. Results and Discussion The values of morphological and photosynthetic pigments declined with an increase in the concentration of PEG 6000. At a concentration of 50 g/L, the content of shoot fresh mass decreased by 41%, the content of Chl a by 68%, Chl b by 65%, and Car by 76% compared to the control. Also, at the same medium, there was an increase in the content of total phenols, accumulation of proline, the content of glycine betaine as well as in antioxidant activity. Based on the obtained results, it can be assumed that more drought-tolerant clones are characterized by high values for biomass, high content of photosynthetic pigments, and high content of proline and glycine betaine in conditions similar to drought in vitro. Clone L-80 showed better results in most of the tested parameters, especially compared to the reference clone Villafranca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Vuksanović
- Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Branislav Kovačević
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marko Kebert
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lazar Pavlović
- Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lazar Kesić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Čukanović
- Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Saša Orlović
- Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Nourbakhsh V, Majidi MM, Mirmohammady Maibody SAM, Abtahi M. Drought stress memory in orchard grass and the role of marker-based parental selection for physiological and antioxidant responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108061. [PMID: 37847971 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress memory occurring in some plants plays a crucial role in their adaptation to unfavorable conditions. However, in open-pollinated plants, this phenomenon is assumed to be affected by population plasticity resulting from kind and level of diversity and inbreeding depression. Physiological perspectives of drought stress memory in four synthetic poly-crossed populations (groups) of orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) constructed from parental genotypes with contrasting levels (narrow and wide) of molecular and morphological genetic variation were assessed. Populations of two generations (Syn1 and Syn2) were developed and were subjected to three moisture treatments, including normal irrigation (C), primary mild stress-secondary intense stress (D1D2), and secondary intense stress (D2). Pre-exposure to drought significantly improved the mean values of leaf water, chlorophyll, proline, and ascorbate peroxidase compared to intense stress, leading to more effective memory responses. Superiority of groups with high levels of molecular diversity for most traits, suggesting that the molecular genetic distance among parents is an effective predictor of progeny performance. The results indicated that the fitness of progenies of the four polycross groups declines significantly from Syn1 to Syn2, however the magnitude of observed inbreeding depends on the level of diversity and moisture conditions. We propose a hypothesis that underscores the interplay between genetic diversity among parents and drought stress memory providing valuable insights for developing new synthetic varieties in open-pollinated grasses. Specifically, we posit that higher molecular diversity among parental genotypes enhances the potential for robust drought stress memory, thereby contributing to improved progeny fitness under unfavorable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venus Nourbakhsh
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Majidi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | | | - Mozhgan Abtahi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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Bae Y, Song SJ, Lim CW, Kim CM, Lee SC. Tomato salt-responsive pseudo-response regulator 1, SlSRP1, negatively regulates the high-salt and dehydration stress responses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14082. [PMID: 38148202 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Under severe environmental stress conditions, plants inhibit their growth and development and initiate various defense mechanisms to survive. The pseudo-response regulator (PRRs) genes have been known to be involved in fruit ripening and plant immunity in various plant species, but their role in responses to environmental stresses, especially high salinity and dehydration, remains unclear. Here, we focused on PRRs in tomato plants and identified two PRR2-like genes, SlSRP1 and SlSRP1H, from the leaves of salt-treated tomato plants. After exposure to dehydration and high-salt stresses, expression of SISRP1, but not SlSRP1H, was significantly induced in tomato leaves. Subcellular localization analysis showed that SlSRP1 was predominantly located in the nucleus, while SlSRP1H was equally distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. To further investigate the potential role of SlSRP1 in the osmotic stress response, we generated SISRP1-silenced tomato plants. Compared to control plants, SISRP1-silenced tomato plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to high salinity, as evidenced by a high accumulation of proline and reduced chlorosis, ion leakage, and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, SISRP1-silenced tomato plants showed dehydration-tolerant phenotypes with enhanced abscisic acid sensitivity and increased expression of stress-related genes, including SlRD29, SlAREB, and SlDREB2. Overall, our findings suggest that SlSRP1 negatively regulates the osmotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongil Bae
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Jin Song
- Department of Horticulture Industry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Min Kim
- Department of Horticulture Industry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Shanmugaraj N, Rajaraman J, Kale S, Kamal R, Huang Y, Thirulogachandar V, Garibay-Hernández A, Budhagatapalli N, Tandron Moya YA, Hajirezaei MR, Rutten T, Hensel G, Melzer M, Kumlehn J, von Wirén N, Mock HP, Schnurbusch T. Multilayered regulation of developmentally programmed pre-anthesis tip degeneration of the barley inflorescence. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:3973-4001. [PMID: 37282730 PMCID: PMC10615218 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Leaf and floral tissue degeneration is a common feature in plants. In cereal crops such as barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), pre-anthesis tip degeneration (PTD) starts with growth arrest of the inflorescence meristem dome, which is followed basipetally by the degeneration of floral primordia and the central axis. Due to its quantitative nature and environmental sensitivity, inflorescence PTD constitutes a complex, multilayered trait affecting final grain number. This trait appears to be highly predictable and heritable under standardized growth conditions, consistent with a developmentally programmed mechanism. To elucidate the molecular underpinnings of inflorescence PTD, we combined metabolomic, transcriptomic, and genetic approaches to show that barley inflorescence PTD is accompanied by sugar depletion, amino acid degradation, and abscisic acid responses involving transcriptional regulators of senescence, defense, and light signaling. Based on transcriptome analyses, we identified GRASSY TILLERS1 (HvGT1), encoding an HD-ZIP transcription factor, as an important modulator of inflorescence PTD. A gene-edited knockout mutant of HvGT1 delayed PTD and increased differentiated apical spikelets and final spikelet number, suggesting a possible strategy to increase grain number in cereals. We propose a molecular framework that leads to barley PTD, the manipulation of which may increase yield potential in barley and other related cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandhakumar Shanmugaraj
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Jeyaraman Rajaraman
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Sandip Kale
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Roop Kamal
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Yongyu Huang
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Venkatasubbu Thirulogachandar
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Adriana Garibay-Hernández
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Nagaveni Budhagatapalli
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Yudelsy Antonia Tandron Moya
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Mohammed R Hajirezaei
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Twan Rutten
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Götz Hensel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Michael Melzer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Jochen Kumlehn
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Mock
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
| | - Thorsten Schnurbusch
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, Seeland 06466,Germany
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Halle 06120,Germany
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Lv H, Liang C, Liu W, Chen N, Li X, Wang Q, Yao X, Wang J, Zhu L, Wang J. Multi-level biological effects of diverse alkyl chains phthalate esters on cotton seedlings (Gossypium hirsutum L.): Insights into individual, physiological-biochemical and molecular perspectives. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132352. [PMID: 37619280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are organic contaminants that pose environmental threat and safety risks to soil health and crop production. However, the ecological toxicity of different PAEs to cotton and the underlying mechanisms are not clear. This study investigated the ecotoxic effects and potential mechanisms of different alkyl-chain PAEs, including dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) on cotton seedlings at multiple levels. The results showed that PAEs significantly hindered the growth and development of cotton. The chlorophyll content decreased by 1.87-31.66 %, accompanied by non-stomatal photosynthetic inhibition. The antioxidant system was activated by the three PAEs in cotton seedlings, while the osmotic potential was boosted intracellularly. Additionally, PAEs significantly interfered with functional gene expression and exhibited genotoxicity. Risk assessment results indicated that the ecotoxicity was DOP >DBP >DEP, with a "dose-response" relationship. The affinity between the three PAEs and catalase increased as the alkyl chain length increased, further supporting the toxicity sequence. Surprisingly, the bioconcentration factors of short-chain DEP were 8.07 ± 5.89 times and 1837.49 ± 826.83 times higher than those of long-chain DBP and DOP, respectively. These results support the ecological risk assessment of PAEs in cotton and provide new insights into determining the toxicity levels of different PAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Lv
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Chunliu Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Wenrong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Na Chen
- Ningyang Environmental Monitoring Centre, Ningyang, Tai'an, Shandong 271400, China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Xiangfeng Yao
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China.
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Kumar V, Srivastava AK, Sytar O, Penna S. Editorial: Plants for future climate: responses and adaptations to combined, multifactorial, and sequential stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1290649. [PMID: 37900745 PMCID: PMC10613039 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1290649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Oksana Sytar
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Suprasanna Penna
- Amity Centre for Nuclear Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University of Maharashtra, Mumbai, India
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Ingrisano R, Tosato E, Trost P, Gurrieri L, Sparla F. Proline, Cysteine and Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Abiotic Stress Response of Land Plants and Microalgae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3410. [PMID: 37836150 PMCID: PMC10574504 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Proteinogenic amino acids are the building blocks of protein, and plants synthesize all of them. In addition to their importance in plant growth and development, growing evidence underlines the central role played by amino acids and their derivatives in regulating several pathways involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. In the present review, we illustrate (i) the role of amino acids as an energy source capable of replacing sugars as electron donors to the mitochondrial electron transport chain and (ii) the role of amino acids as precursors of osmolytes as well as (iii) precursors of secondary metabolites. Among the amino acids involved in drought stress response, proline and cysteine play a special role. Besides the large proline accumulation occurring in response to drought stress, proline can export reducing equivalents to sink tissues and organs, and the production of H2S deriving from the metabolism of cysteine can mediate post-translational modifications that target protein cysteines themselves. Although our general understanding of microalgae stress physiology is still fragmentary, a general overview of how unicellular photosynthetic organisms deal with salt stress is also provided because of the growing interest in microalgae in applied sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Libero Gurrieri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology FaBiT, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.I.); (E.T.); (P.T.); (F.S.)
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Kim GE, Sung J. ABA-dependent suberization and aquaporin activity in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) root under different water potentials. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1219610. [PMID: 37746006 PMCID: PMC10512726 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1219610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most stressful environments limiting crop growth and yield throughout the world. Therefore, most efforts have been made to document drought-derived genetic and physiological responses and to find better ways to improve drought tolerance. The interaction among them is unclear and/or less investigated. Therefore, the current study is to find a clue of metabolic connectivity among them in rice root experiencing different levels of drought condition. We selected 19 genes directly involved in abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism (6), suberization (6), and aquaporins (AQPs) activity (7) and analyzed the relatively quantitative gene expression using qRT-PCR from rice roots. In addition, we also analyzed proline, chlorophyll, and fatty acids and observed cross-sectional root structure (aerenchyma) and suberin lamella deposition in the endodermis. All drought conditions resulted in an obvious development of aerenchyma and two- to fourfold greater accumulation of proline. The limited water supply (-1.0 and -1.5 MPa) significantly increased gene expression (ABA metabolism, suberization, and AQPs) and developed greater layer of suberin lamella in root endodermis. In addition, the ratio of the unsaturated to the saturated fatty acids was increased, which could be considered as an adjusted cell permeability. Interestingly, these metabolic adaptations were an exception with a severe drought condition (hygroscopic coefficient, -3.1 MPa). Accordingly, we concluded that the drought-tolerant mechanism in rice roots is sophisticatedly regulated until permanent wilting point (-1.5 MPa), and ABA metabolism, suberization, and AQPs activity might be independent and/or concurrent process as a survival strategy against drought.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jwakyung Sung
- Deptment of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, Republic of Korea
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Tiika RJ, Duan H, Yang H, Cui G, Tian F, He Y, Ma Y, Li Y. Proline Metabolism Process and Antioxidant Potential of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. in Response to NaCl Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13794. [PMID: 37762100 PMCID: PMC10530678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity influences the level of antioxidants and proline content, which are both involved in the regulation of stress responses in plants. To examine the interplay between the antioxidant system and proline metabolism in plant stress acclimation, explants of Lycium ruthenicum were subjected to NaCl treatments, and the growth characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, proline accumulation, and metabolic enzyme content were analyzed. The results revealed that NaCl concentrations between 50 to 150 mM have a positive effect on the growth of L. ruthenicum explants. Increasing NaCl concentrations elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), while hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content was inhibited, suggesting that the elevated antioxidants play a central protective role in superoxide anion (O2•-) and H2O2 scavenging processes in response to NaCl treatments. Also, high proline levels also protect antioxidant enzyme machinery, thus protecting the plants from oxidative damage and enhancing osmotic adjustment. Increasing levels of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR), and ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (δ-OAT) were observed, resulting in elevated level of proline. In addition, the expression levels of LrP5CS1, -2, -3, LrOAT-1, and -2 were promoted in NaCl treatments. According to the combined analysis of metabolic enzyme activities and their relative expression, it is confirmed that the glutamate (Glu) pathway is activated in L. ruthenicum faced with different levels of NaCl concentrations. However, Glu supplied by δ-OAT is fed back into the main pathway for proline metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard John Tiika
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Huirong Duan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Hongshan Yang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Guangxin Cui
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Fuping Tian
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yongtao He
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yanjun Ma
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Figueiredo VMDA, Scalon SDPQ, Santos CC, Linné JA, Silverio JM, Cerqueira WM, de Almeida JLDCS. Do Silicon and Salicylic Acid Attenuate Water Deficit Damage in Talisia esculenta Radlk Seedlings? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3183. [PMID: 37765347 PMCID: PMC10537109 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the factors that most influence plant growth and yield. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of silicon and salicylic acid application and water deficit on the growth and photosynthetic and osmoregulatory metabolism of Talisia esculenta Radlk. seedlings and their recovery potential after the resumption of irrigation. Six treatments were performed: irrigation, irrigation suspension, irrigation suspension + silicon at 0.5 g L-1, irrigation suspension + silicon at 1.0 g L-1, irrigation suspension + salicylic acid at 50 mg L-1, and irrigation suspension + salicylic acid at 100 mg L-1. The evaluations were carried out at the beginning of the experiment, at 10 and 15 days after irrigation suspension, when the seedlings showed a photosynthetic rate close to zero, and at recovery. The plants were subjected to water restriction for up to 15 days, then re-irrigated until the recovery point, which was monitored based on the photosynthetic rate. Silicon application attenuated the harmful effects of water deficit on gas exchange and initial fluorescence, promoted proline accumulation in the leaf and root, and provided higher seedling quality. Salicylic acid application contributed to the maintenance of the relative water content of leaves during the water deficit period. Silicon and salicylic acid applications can attenuate the harmful effects of water stress, with silicon being the most effective agent in maintaining its growth and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Maria de Aquino Figueiredo
- Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Highway Dourados, Itahum/km 1, Dourados 79804970, MS, Brazil
| | - Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon
- Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Highway Dourados, Itahum/km 1, Dourados 79804970, MS, Brazil
| | - Cleberton Correia Santos
- Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Highway Dourados, Itahum/km 1, Dourados 79804970, MS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Aline Linné
- Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Highway Dourados, Itahum/km 1, Dourados 79804970, MS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Milene Silverio
- Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Highway Dourados, Itahum/km 1, Dourados 79804970, MS, Brazil
| | - Wállas Matos Cerqueira
- Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Highway Dourados, Itahum/km 1, Dourados 79804970, MS, Brazil
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Qin Y, Zhang B, Wang Y, Su R. Characterization of SEC14 family in wheat and the function of TaSEC14-7B in salt stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107926. [PMID: 37566993 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids are important components of plant biofilms and signal transduction. They are divided into glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) is an intracellular glycerophospholipid. SEC14s are PI transporter proteins that are widely presented in eukaryotic. They take part in membrane transportation, inositol phosphate metabolism and adversity stress response. To date, systematic analysis of the SEC14 gene family in wheat, especially the function of SEC14 in salt stress tolerance has not been reported. In this study, 106 SEC14 family members have been identified in wheat. Then, a salt inducible Sec14 family member TaSEC14-7B was selected for further functional study in response to salt stress. Expression analysis demonstrated TaSEC14-7B was induced by NaCl, PEG treatment and localized both in the cell membrane and nucleus. TaSEC14-7B over-expressing Arabidopsis increased salt stress tolerance. Under salt stress, the transgenic plants displayed higher germination rate, longer primary root length, more soluble sugar accumulation, higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower oxidative damage than the wild type plants. Also, at the presence of NaCl stress, the expression level of ABF4, P5CS, PLC4 and AtPLC7 genes was higher in TaSEC14 transgenic Arabidopsis than in the wild type ones. All these results lay a foundation for further study of Sec14 in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Qin
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China.
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yuning Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiping Su
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
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Krieger C, Halter D, Baltenweck R, Cognat V, Boissinot S, Maia-Grondard A, Erdinger M, Bogaert F, Pichon E, Hugueney P, Brault V, Ziegler-Graff V. An Aphid-Transmitted Virus Reduces the Host Plant Response to Its Vector to Promote Its Transmission. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:1745-1760. [PMID: 37885045 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-22-0454-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The success of virus transmission by vectors relies on intricate trophic interactions between three partners, the host plant, the virus, and the vector. Despite numerous studies that showed the capacity of plant viruses to manipulate their host plant to their benefit, and potentially of their transmission, the molecular mechanisms sustaining this phenomenon has not yet been extensively analyzed at the molecular level. In this study, we focused on the deregulations induced in Arabidopsis thaliana by an aphid vector that were alleviated when the plants were infected with turnip yellows virus (TuYV), a polerovirus strictly transmitted by aphids in a circulative and nonpropagative mode. By setting up an experimental design mimicking the natural conditions of virus transmission, we analyzed the deregulations in plants infected with TuYV and infested with aphids by a dual transcriptomic and metabolomic approach. We observed that the virus infection alleviated most of the gene deregulations induced by the aphids in a noninfected plant at both time points analyzed (6 and 72 h) with a more pronounced effect at the later time point of infestation. The metabolic composition of the infected and infested plants was altered in a way that could be beneficial for the vector and the virus transmission. Importantly, these substantial modifications observed in infected and infested plants correlated with a higher TuYV transmission efficiency. This study revealed the capacity of TuYV to alter the plant nutritive content and the defense reaction against the aphid vector to promote the viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Krieger
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - David Halter
- INRAE, Université de Strasbourg, SVQV UMR1131, 68000 Colmar, France
| | | | - Valérie Cognat
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Monique Erdinger
- INRAE, Université de Strasbourg, SVQV UMR1131, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Florent Bogaert
- INRAE, Université de Strasbourg, SVQV UMR1131, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Elodie Pichon
- INRAE, Université de Strasbourg, SVQV UMR1131, 68000 Colmar, France
| | | | - Véronique Brault
- INRAE, Université de Strasbourg, SVQV UMR1131, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Véronique Ziegler-Graff
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
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Huang LT, Liu CY, Li L, Han XS, Chen HW, Jiao CH, Sha AH. Genome-Wide Identification of bZIP Transcription Factors in Faba Bean Based on Transcriptome Analysis and Investigation of Their Function in Drought Response. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3041. [PMID: 37687286 PMCID: PMC10490193 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Faba bean is an important cool-season edible legume crop that is constantly threatened by abiotic stresses such as drought. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) gene family is one of the most abundant and diverse families of transcription factors in plants. It regulates plant growth and development and plays an important role in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we identified 18 members of the faba bean bZIP transcription factor family at the genome-wide level based on previous faba bean drought stress transcriptome sequencing data. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to group the 18 VfbZIP proteins into eight clades. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoter region suggested that these 18 VfbZIPs may be involved in regulating abiotic stress responses such as drought. Transcriptome data showed high expression of seven genes (VfbZIP1, VfbZIP2, VfbZIP5, VfbZIP7, VfbZIP15, VfbZIP17, and VfbZIP18) in the drought-tolerant cultivar under drought stress, in which VfbZIP1, VfbZIP2, and VfbZIP5 were consistently expressed as detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) compared to the transcriptome data. Ectopic overexpression of the three VfbZIPs in tobacco, based on the potato Virus X (PVX) vector, revealed that VfbZIP5 enhanced the drought tolerance. Overexpressed VfbZIP5 in plants showed lower levels of proline (PRO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and peroxidase (POD) compared to those overexpressing an empty vector under 10 days of drought stress. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis showed that VfbZIP5 interacted with seven proteins in faba bean, including VfbZIP7 and VfbZIP10. The results depict the importance of VfbZIPs in response to drought stress, and they would be useful for the improvement of drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Tao Huang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Chang-Yan Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Xue-Song Han
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Hong-Wei Chen
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Chun-Hai Jiao
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Ai-Hua Sha
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China
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50
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Wang Y, Wu W, Zhang L, Jiang H, Mei L. Variations in amino acids caused by drought stress mediate the predisposition of Carya cathayensis to Botryosphaeria canker disease. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4628-4641. [PMID: 37129574 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses can affect the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions, mostly by predisposing the host plant to infection; however, the crosstalk between pathogens and plants related to such predisposition remains unclear. Here, we investigated the predisposition of Carya cathayensis to infection by the fungal pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea (Bd) caused by drought in the host plant. High levels of drought stress resulted in a significant increase in plant susceptibility to Bd. Drought significantly induced the accumulation of H2O2 and the free amino acids Pro, Leu, and Ile, and in the phloem tissues of plants, and decreased the content of non-structural carbohydrates. In vitro assays showed that Bd was sensitive to H2O2; however, Pro played a protective role against exogenous H2O2. Leu, Ile, and Pro induced asexual reproduction of Bd. Our results provide the first analysis of how drought predisposes C. cathayensis to Botrysphaeria canker via amino acid accumulation in the host plant, and we propose a model that integrates the plant-pathogen interactions involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Wang
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Mei
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
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