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Amankwah BK, Šauer P, Grabicová K, von der Ohe PC, Ayıkol NS, Kocour Kroupová H. Organic UV filters: Occurrence, risks and (anti-)progestogenic activities in samples from the Czech aquatic environment and their bioaccumulation in fish. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134338. [PMID: 38643577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence, environmental risks and contribution of organic UV filters to detected (anti-)progestogenic activities were examined in samples of wastewater treatment plant influents and effluents, various surface waters and fish from the Czech Republic. Of the 20 targeted UV filters, 15 were detected in the WWTP influent samples, 11 in the effluents, and 13 in the surface water samples. Benzophenone-3, benzophenone-4, and phenyl benzimidazole sulfonic acid (PBSA) were found in all water samples. Octocrylene, UV-327 and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor exceeded the risk quotient of 1 at some sites. In the anti-progestogenic CALUX assay, 10 out of the 20 targeted UV filters were active. Anti-progestogenic activities reaching up to 7.7 ng/L, 3.8 ng/L, and 4.5 ng/L mifepristone equivalents were detected in influents, effluents, and surface waters, respectively. UV filters were responsible for up to 37 % of anti-progestogenic activities in influents. Anti-progestogenic activities were also measured in fish tissues from the control pond and Podroužek (pond with the highest number of detected UV filters) and ranged from 2.2 to 9.5 and 1.9 to 8.6 ng/g dw mifepristone equivalents, respectively. However, only benzophenone was found in fish, but it does not display anti-progestogenic activity and thus could not explain the observed activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Kyei Amankwah
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Šauer
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Peter C von der Ohe
- UBA - German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Wörlitzer Platz 1, D-06844 Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Nurhan Sultan Ayıkol
- Ankara University, Graduate School of Health Science, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Turkiye
| | - Hana Kocour Kroupová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
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Šauer P, Vojs Staňová A, Bořík A, Valentová O, Grabic R, Kocour Kroupová H. High enrichment factors in chemical analysis of progestins and in bioassays: insights beyond trace levels. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:38500-38511. [PMID: 38806985 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Concerns are growing about adverse effects of progestins on biota, even at ultra-trace concentrations. The enrichment factor (EF) from extraction of analytes in environmental samples that is needed for sample pre-concentration can affect not only performance of the analytical method but also the matrix effect. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the influence of high sample EF on performance of the high-performance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and photoionization coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-APCI/APPI-HRMS) method for analysis of progestins in waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and surface waters and analysis of (anti-)progestogenic activities measured by (anti-)PR-CALUX bioassays. The results showed that HPLC-APCI/APPI-HRMS coupled with solid-phase extraction and a high EF (33,333 Lwater/Lextract) enabled the detection of more compounds compared to samples with lower sample EF (10,000 Lwater/Lextract). The matrix effect did not increase proportionally compared to lower EFs (10,000 and 16,666 Lwater/Lextract), and lower limits of quantification were achieved in WWTP effluents and surface waters. The results of bioassays have shown that relative EF of 25 Lwater/Lbioassay appears high enough to detect progestogenic activity in treated waste water. Our study is one of the first to provide insights into sample pre-concentration in analysis of progestins and progestogenicity in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Šauer
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrea Vojs Staňová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Adam Bořík
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Valentová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kocour Kroupová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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Zhou J, He X, Zhang Z, Wu G, Liu P, Wang D, Shi P, Zhang XX. Chemical-toxicological insights and process comparison for estrogenic activity mitigation in municipal wastewater treatment plants. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121304. [PMID: 38364463 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Efforts in water ecosystem conservation require an understanding of causative factors and removal efficacies associated with mixture toxicity during wastewater treatment. This study conducts a comprehensive investigation into the interplay between wastewater estrogenic activity and 30 estrogen-like endocrine disrupting chemicals (EEDCs) across 12 municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) spanning four seasons in China. Results reveal substantial estrogenic activity in all WWTPs and potential endocrine-disrupting risks in over 37.5 % of final effluent samples, with heightened effects during colder seasons. While phthalates are the predominant EEDCs (concentrations ranging from 86.39 %) for both estrogenic activity and major EEDCs (phthalates and estrogens), with the secondary and tertiary treatment segments contributing 88.59 ± 8.12 % and 11.41 ± 8.12 %, respectively. Among various secondary treatment processes, the anaerobic/anoxic/oxic-membrane bioreactor (A/A/O-MBR) excels in removing both estrogenic activity and EEDCs. In tertiary treatment, removal efficiencies increase with the inclusion of components involving physical, chemical, and biological removal principles. Furthermore, correlation and multiple liner regression analysis establish a significant (p < 0.05) positive association between solid retention time (SRT) and removal efficiencies of estrogenic activity and EEDCs within WWTPs. This study provides valuable insights from the perspective of prioritizing key pollutants, the necessity of integrating more efficient secondary and tertiary treatment processes, along with adjustments to operational parameters like SRT, to mitigate estrogenic activity in municipal WWTPs. This contribution aids in managing endocrine-disrupting risks in wastewater as part of ecological conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zepeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Depeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liu S, Liu J. An Integrated Approach of Bioassays and Non-Target Screening for the Assessment of Endocrine-Disrupting Activities in Tap Water and Identification of Novel Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. TOXICS 2024; 12:247. [PMID: 38668470 PMCID: PMC11054029 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The safety of drinking water is a significant environmental issue of great concern for human health since numerous contaminants are often detected in drinking water and its sources. Boiling is a common household method used to produce relatively high-quality drinking water in some countries and regions. In this study, with the aid of an integrated approach of in vitro bioassays and non-target analysis based on high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography, alterations in endocrine-disrupting activities in tap water samples without and with boiling were revealed, as well as the potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) contributing to these alterations were identified. The organic extracts of tap water had no significant (ant)agonistic activities against an estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) at enrichment concentrations of ≤10 times, posing no immediate or acute health risk to humans. However, the presence of agonistic activities against PR and MR and antagonistic activities against ER, PR, GR, and MR in OEs of tap water at relatively higher enrichment concentrations still raise potential health concerns. Boiling effectively reduced antagonistic activities against these steroid hormone receptors (SHRs) but increased estrogenic and glucocorticoid activities in drinking water. Four novel potential EDCs, including one UV filter (phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, PBSA) and three natural metabolites of organisms (beta-hydroxymyristic acid, 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, and isorosmanol) were identified in drinking water samples, each of which showed (ant)agonistic activities against different SHRs. Given the widespread use of UV filters in sunscreens to prevent skin cancer, the health risks posed by PBSA as an identified novel EDC are of concern. Although boiling has been thought to reduce the health risk of drinking water contamination, our findings suggest that boiling may have a more complex effect on the endocrine-disrupting activities of drinking water and, therefore, a more comprehensive assessment is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Pech M, Steinbach C, Kocour M, Prokopová I, Šandová M, Bořík A, Lutz I, Kocour Kroupová H. Effects of mifepristone, a model compound with anti-progestogenic activity, on the development of African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 263:106694. [PMID: 37716317 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a model substance with anti-progestogenic activity on development of African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) from tadpole to juvenile stage. Mifepristone, a synthetic progesterone receptor-blocking steroid hormone used in medicine as an abortifacient, was chosen as a model compound with anti-progestogenic activity. In the experiment, African clawed frog tadpoles were exposed to mifepristone at three concentrations (2, 21, and 215 ng L-1). A control group was exposed to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 0.001 %). The experiment started when tadpoles reached stages 47-48 according to Nieuwkoop and Faber (NF; 1994) and continued until stage NF 66, when metamorphosis was complete. Exposure to mifepristone had no significant effect on the rate of tadpole development, occurrence of morphological anomalies, weight, body length, or sex ratio. Mortality was within an acceptable range of 0-3.6 % throughout the test and did not differ among the groups. Histopathological examination of the gonads and thyroid gland revealed no significant changes. Therefore, we can conclude that mifepristone had no negative effect on development of the African clawed frog up to juvenile stage. Nevertheless, at the highest tested mifepristone concentration (215 ng L-1), gene expression analysis revealed up-regulation of mRNA expression of nuclear progesterone receptor (npr), membrane progesterone receptor (mpr), estrogen receptor beta (esrβ), and luteinizing hormone (lh) in the brain-pituitary complex of exposed frogs at stage NF 66. Higher mRNA expression of npr was also found in frogs exposed to 22 ng L-1 mifepristone compared to the solvent control. These findings confirmed the anti-progestogenic activity of mifepristone in frogs because the up-regulation of progesterone receptors occurs if progesterone availability in the body is reduced. All the observed changes in combination may have negative consequences for reproduction and reproductive behavior later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pech
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic.
| | - Christoph Steinbach
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kocour
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Ilona Prokopová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Šandová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bořík
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Ilka Lutz
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin 12587, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Hana Kocour Kroupová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic
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Kocour Kroupová H, Grimaldi M, Šauer P, Bořík A, Zálohová K, Balaguer P. Environmental water extracts differentially activate zebrafish and human nuclear progesterone receptors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160232. [PMID: 36402315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many reports on anti-progestogenic activities in aquatic environments have been published in the past decade. These are monitored mainly by in vitro reporter gene bioassays based upon the human progesterone receptor (PR). However, results obtained by some human in vitro bioassays may not be relevant for aquatic animals, especially fish. The present work aimed to detect fish (anti-)PR activity in waste- and receiving surface waters. In parallel, human (anti-)PR activity was analysed to determine if there was any connection between human and fish (anti-)PR activities. Finally, (anti-)PR activities were linked to the occurrence of progestins in water samples. Human PR agonistic activity was detected in all wastewater and most receiving surface water samples. Nevertheless, zebrafish PR (zfPR) agonistic activity was found in only two influent wastewater samples (max. 117 ng/L 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one [DHP] equivalents). Analysed synthetic progestins and progesterone accounted for 14 % to 161 % of detected human PR (hPR) agonistic activity in water samples. Progesterone also contributed significantly to zfPR agonistic activity (up to 10 %) in raw wastewater. The anti-hPR activity was detected also in most wastewater and some surface water samples, but synthetic progestins did not trigger anti-zfPR activity in excess of LOQ values. In addition, altrenogest, dienogest, and ulipristal acetate were tested for their potency to zfPR for the first time. The activity analyses of both pure substances and environmental samples showed that human and zebrafish progesterone receptors are differentially activated. Therefore, results based on human PR in vitro bioassays could not predict fish PR activities in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kocour Kroupová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194 - Université Montpellier - Institut régional du Cancer Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Pavel Šauer
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bořík
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Zálohová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194 - Université Montpellier - Institut régional du Cancer Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Dehkordi SK, Paknejad H, Blaha L, Svecova H, Grabic R, Simek Z, Otoupalikova A, Bittner M. Instrumental and bioanalytical assessment of pharmaceuticals and hormone-like compounds in a major drinking water source-wastewater receiving Zayandeh Rood river, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:9023-9037. [PMID: 34498192 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Zayandeh Rood river is the most important river in central Iran supplying water for a variety of uses including drinking water for approximately three million inhabitants. The study aimed to investigate the quality of water concerning the presence of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) and hormonelike compounds, which have been only poorly studied in this region. Sampling was performed at seven sites along the river (from headwater sites to downstream drinking water source, corresponding drinking water, and treated wastewater) affected by wastewater effluents, specific drought conditions, and high river-water demand. The targeted and nontargeted chemical analyses and in vitro bioassays were used to evaluate the presence of PhACs and hormonelike compounds in river water. In the samples, 57 PhACs and estrogens were detected with LC-MS/MS with the most common and abundant compounds valsartan, carbamazepine, and caffeine present in the highest concentrations in the treated wastewater in the concentrations of 8.4, 19, and 140 μg/L, respectively. A battery of in vitro bioassays detected high estrogenicity, androgenicity, and AhR-mediated activity (viz., in treated wastewater) in the concentrations 24.2 ng/L, 62.2 ng/L, and 0.98 ng/L of 17β-estradiol, dihydrotestosterone and 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents, respectively. In surface water samples, estrogenicity was detected in the range of <0.42 (LOD) to 1.92 ng/L of 17β-estradiol equivalents, and the drinking water source contained 0.74 ng/L of 17β-estradiol equivalents. About 19% of the estrogenicity could be explained by target chemical analyses, and the remaining estrogenicity can be at least partially attributed to the potentiation effect of detected surfactant residues. Drinking water contained several PhACs and estrogens, but the overall assessment suggested minor human health risk according to the relevant effect-based trigger values. To our knowledge, this study provides some of the first comprehensive information on the levels of PhACs and hormones in Iranian waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Kouhi Dehkordi
- Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Department of Fisheries, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamed Paknejad
- Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Department of Fisheries, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ludek Blaha
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX Centre, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czechia
| | - Helena Svecova
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czechia
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czechia
| | - Zdenek Simek
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX Centre, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czechia
| | - Alena Otoupalikova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX Centre, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czechia
| | - Michal Bittner
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX Centre, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czechia.
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Goeury K, Vo Duy S, Munoz G, Prévost M, Sauvé S. Assessment of automated off-line solid-phase extraction LC-MS/MS to monitor EPA priority endocrine disruptors in tap water, surface water, and wastewater. Talanta 2022; 241:123216. [PMID: 35042051 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
EPA method 539.1 recently introduced an expanded list of priority endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), some of which were also included in the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule 3 (UCMR3). Though standardized methods are available for drinking water, analysis of steroid hormones and bisphenol A (BPA) at the ultra-trace level remains challenging. This study set out to evaluate the suitability of automated off-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the determination of EPA-priority EDCs in environmental water matrixes (tap water, surface water, and wastewater influents and effluents). The target molecules included 14 steroid hormones (altrenogest, androstenedione, equilenin, equilin, α-estradiol, β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, ethinylestradiol, levonorgestrel, medroxyprogesterone, norethindrone, progesterone, testosterone) and BPA. Factors that may influence the analytical performance were assessed. This involved, for instance, testing combinations of SPE materials from different brands and protocol variations. Several materials presented absolute extraction efficiencies in acceptable ranges. Initial sample pH, nature of reconstitution medium, and mobile phase salt concentration were among the potential factors affecting analyte signal. Storage conditions (different preservative agents) possibly exerted the strongest influence, in agreement with the literature. Limits of detection were in the range of 0.03-0.5 ng/L in drinking water, 0.1-0.5 ng/L in surface water, and 0.16-1 ng/L in wastewater. Method validation also involved testing linearity, accuracy, and precision in reagent water and matrix-matched extracted calibrants. The method was applied to field-collected water samples in Eastern Canada. Summed EDC concentrations remained low in tap water (<LOQ-0.92 ng/L), while higher detection frequencies and contamination levels were reported in riverine surface waters (2.6-37 ng/L) and municipal wastewaters (10-424 ng/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Goeury
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sung Vo Duy
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Munoz
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle Prévost
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Nélieu S, Lamy I, Karolak S, Delarue G, Crouzet O, Barraud C, Bimbot M, Allaoui F, Hanot C, Delorme A, Lévi Y, Hulot FD, Baudry E. Impact of peri-urban landscape on the organic and mineral contamination of pond waters and related risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:59256-59267. [PMID: 32779063 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ponds are important for their ecological value and for the ecosystem services they provide to human societies, but they are strongly affected by human activities. Peri-urban development, currently one of the most pervasive processes of land use change in Europe, exposes ponds to both urban and agricultural contaminants, causing a potential combination of adverse effects. This study, focused on 12 ponds located in a peri-urban area, has two main objectives: (1) to link the physico-chemical characteristics of the waters and the nature of their contaminants, either organic or mineral, with the human activities around ponds, and (2) to estimate the environmental risk caused by these contaminants. The ponds were sampled during two consecutive years in both spring and in autumn. Although the ponds were distributed over a limited geographical area, their contamination profiles were different and more correlated with the agricultural than the urban land use. In terms of aptitude for biology, half of the ponds were classified in degraded states due to their physico-chemical parameters, but without correlation with the endocrine disrupting activities and the levels of organic pollutants as indicators. The main quantified organic pollutants, however, were pesticides with sufficiently high levels in certain cases to induce an environmental risk exceeding the classical thresholds of risk quotient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Nélieu
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France.
| | - Isabelle Lamy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78026, Versailles, France
| | - Sara Karolak
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ghislaine Delarue
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Olivier Crouzet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78026, Versailles, France
- Office Français de la Biodiversité (OFB), DRAS - UPFSEO, Saint-Benoît, 78610, Auffargis, France
| | - Claire Barraud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Maya Bimbot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Fatima Allaoui
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Christophe Hanot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
| | | | - Yves Lévi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Florence D Hulot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Emmanuelle Baudry
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR ESE, 91405, Orsay, France
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10
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Mirmont E, Bœuf A, Charmel M, Vaslin-Reimann S, Lalère B, Laprévote O, Lardy-Fontan S. Development and implementation of an analytical procedure for the quantification of natural and synthetic steroid hormones in whole surface waters. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1175:122732. [PMID: 33992977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural and synthetic steroid hormones are chronically released into aquatic spheres. Whereas knowledge on their combined mode of action and the cocktail effect are needed, only few multi-class methods address the challenge of their trace quantification in surface waters. The current study describes a sensitive multi-residue analytical strategy aiming to quantify 23 steroid hormones belonging to androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids and progestogens in whole surface waters. The procedure relies on a two-step solid-phase extraction followed by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography separation coupled to tandem mass spectrometry detection (UPLC-MS/MS). Isotope dilution was implemented when possible in order to ensure the reliability of the measurement. The procedure was optimized toward the reliable quantification of the 23 target compounds at the predicted no-effect concentrations when existing or below the ng L-1 level. Satisfactory absolute global recoveries ≥ 77% were obtained for almost all compounds (21 out of 23) in intermediate precision conditions. Measurement errors were comprised between -27% and +17% for the great majority of compounds (21 out of 23) with standard deviations < 20% in intermediate precision conditions. Despite signal suppression was observed in water samples, satisfactory limits of quantification were achieved, ranging from 0.035 ng L-1 for 17alpha-ethinylestradiol to 1 ng L-1 for 6beta-hydroxycortisol and 6beta-hydroxydexamethasone. Abiotic stability was demonstrated for the great majority of target compounds (22 out of 23) in reference water samples stored at 4 ± 3 °C during 48 h, driving our sampling strategy. To demonstrate its fitness for purpose, the procedure was implemented in a preliminary monitoring survey of Belgian surface waters. As a result, 6 out of 23 target compounds were detected or quantified, showing a contamination by some estrogens and glucocorticoids at levels ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 ng L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mirmont
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France; UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - A Bœuf
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - M Charmel
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - S Vaslin-Reimann
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - B Lalère
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France
| | - O Laprévote
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Service de Biochimie, 24 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - S Lardy-Fontan
- Laboratoire National de métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris, France.
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11
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Zhang H, Cui Z, Yang B, Fang D, Liu Y, Wang Z. Integrated recombinant gene yeast bioassay and HPLC-MS analysis for detection of low-dose multi-component residue of hormone-like compounds in environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145569. [PMID: 33592471 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Illegal addition of low-dose multi-component residue of hormone-like compounds have sprung up in human activities and production as a cunning strategy to escape from sanitation monitoring, sowing a horrible seed for accidents in food security. Hence, combined strategies with accuracy and efficiency are urgently needed to overcome current circumstance and practical hurdles. Herein, an integrated analysis that compromises recombinant gene yeast bioassay (V400E-YES) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) determination was developed promptly with distinguishing advantage as optimized V400E-YES provides a sum of hormone-like compounds in sample, and subsequent HPLC-MS analysis can accurately quantify the concentration of compounds. In terms of V400E-YES, large-scale random mutagenesis was performed to obtain higher sensitivity hormone receptors. Excitingly, single mutation of estrogen receptor (ER) at V400E and amphimutation of androgen receptor (AR) at G581R/D831E conferred the highest detection sensitivity with a more than 10-fold increase. Subsequently, sensitive HPLC-MS methods for simultaneous detection of eleven estrogens and nine androgens, respectively, were well-constructed. Utilizing this integrated and validated methods, we successfully investigated the hormone residue in environmental samples from farms in Jiangsu, China. Collectively, with multiple estrogens and androgens residue are being widely detected in soil and sewage samples, the feasibility of this method is highlighted, as well as the increasing lurking peril of hormone-like substance residues in environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zihe Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Bingqing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Dan Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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12
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Doufène K, Basile I, Lebrun A, Pirot N, Escande A, Chopineau J, Devoisselle JM, Bettache N, Aubert-Pouëssel A. Vegetable oil-based hybrid microparticles as a green and biocompatible system for subcutaneous drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120070. [PMID: 33188895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evidence the ability of vegetable oil-based hybrid microparticles (HMP) to be an efficient and safe drug delivery system after subcutaneous administration. The HMP resulted from combination of a thermostabilized emulsification process and a sol-gel chemistry. First of all, castor oil was successfully silylated by means of (3-Isocyanatopropyl)trimethoxysilane in solvent-free and catalyst-free conditions. Estradiol, as a model drug, was dissolved in silylated castor oil (ICOm) prior to emulsification, and then an optimal sol-gel crosslinking was achieved inside the ICOm microdroplets. The resulting estradiol-loaded microparticles were around 80 µm in size and allowed to entrap 4 wt% estradiol. Their release kinetics in a PBS/octanol biphasic system exhibited a one-week release profile, and the released estradiol was fully active on HeLa ERE-luciferase ERα cells. The hybrid microparticles were cytocompatible during preliminary tests on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts (ISO 10993-5 standard) and they were fully biocompatible after subcutaneous injection on mice (ISO 10993-6 standard) underlining their high potential as a safe and long-acting subcutaneous drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koceïla Doufène
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Aurélien Lebrun
- Laboratoire des Mesures Physiques (LMP), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Nelly Pirot
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Univ. Montpellier, ICM, INSERM, Montpellier, France; BioCampus Montpellier (BCM), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Escande
- Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Joël Chopineau
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Devoisselle
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nadir Bettache
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Aubert-Pouëssel
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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13
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Neale PA, Grimaldi M, Boulahtouf A, Leusch FDL, Balaguer P. Assessing species-specific differences for nuclear receptor activation for environmental water extracts. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 185:116247. [PMID: 32758789 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In vitro bioassays are increasingly applied to detect endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in environmental waters. Most studies use human nuclear receptor assays, but this raises questions about their relevance for evaluating ecosystem health. The current study aimed to assess species-specific differences in the activation or inhibition of a range of human and zebrafish nuclear receptors by different water extracts. Wastewater and surface water extracts were run in transactivation assays indicative of the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), progesterone receptor (PR), mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), pregnane X receptor (PXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). The transactivation assays were complemented with competitive binding assays for human AR, GR, PR and MR. In most cases, both human and zebrafish nuclear receptor activity were detected in the water extracts. Only some species-specific differences in potency and activity were observed. Water extracts were more active in zebrafish PXR compared to human PXR whereas the opposite was observed for PPARγ. Further, all water extracts inhibited zebrafish PR, while only one extract showed weak anti-progestagenic activity for human PR. Due to these observed differences, zebrafish nuclear receptor assays may be preferable over human nuclear receptor assays to assess the potential risks of EDCs to aquatic organisms. However, recognizing issues with availability of zebrafish nuclear receptor assays and the relatively small differences in responsiveness for many of the human and zebrafish nuclear receptors, including the widely studied ER, the current study supports the continued use of human nuclear receptor assays for water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peta A Neale
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université Montpellier 1, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34290 Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université Montpellier 1, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34290 Montpellier, France
| | - Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université Montpellier 1, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34290 Montpellier, France
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14
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Garoche C, Aït-Aïssa S, Boulahtouf A, Creusot N, Hinfray N, Bourguet W, Balaguer P, Brion F. Human and Zebrafish Nuclear Progesterone Receptors Are Differently Activated by Manifold Progestins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:9510-9518. [PMID: 32650635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The environmental risk of natural and synthetic ligands of the nuclear progesterone receptor (nPR) has been pointed out, however there is still a lack of mechanistic information regarding their ability to interact with nuclear PR in aquatic species. To identify possible interspecies differences, we assessed in vitro the ability of manifold progestins to transactivate zebrafish (zf) and human (h) PRs, using two established reporter cell lines, U2OS-zfPR and HELN-hPR, respectively. Reference ligands highlighted some differences between the two receptors. The reference human agonist ligands promegestone and progesterone induced luciferase activity in both cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas the natural zebrafish progestin 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one activated zfPR but not hPR. The potent human PR antagonist mifepristone (RU486) blocked PR-induced luciferase in both cell models but with different potencies. In addition, a set of 22 synthetic progestins were screened on the two cell lines. Interestingly, all of the tested compounds activated hPR in the HELN-hPR cell line, whereas the majority of them acted as zfPR antagonists in U2OS-zfPR. Such zfPR-specific response was further confirmed in zebrafish liver cells. This study provides novel information regarding the activity of a large set of progestins on human and zebrafish PR and highlights major interspecies differences in their activity, which may result in differential effects of progestins between fish and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Garoche
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, UMR-I 02-SEBIO, Parc ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Selim Aït-Aïssa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, UMR-I 02-SEBIO, Parc ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34290 Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Creusot
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34290 Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Hinfray
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, UMR-I 02-SEBIO, Parc ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - William Bourguet
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale (CBS), Inserm, CNRS, Université Montpellier, 34290 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 34290 Montpellier, France
| | - François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, UMR-I 02-SEBIO, Parc ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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15
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Toporova L, Balaguer P. Nuclear receptors are the major targets of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 502:110665. [PMID: 31760044 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that are suspected to cause adverse effects in the endocrine system mainly by acting through their interaction with nuclear receptors such as the estrogen receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ), the androgen receptor (AR), the pregnan X receptor (PXR), the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors α and γ (PPARα, PPARγ) and the thyroid receptors α and β (TRα and TRβ). More recently, the retinoid X receptors (RXRα, RXRβ and RXRγ), the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and the estrogen related receptor γ (ERRγ) have also been identified as targets of EDCs. Finally, nuclear receptors still poorly studied for their interaction with environmental ligands such as the progesterone receptor (PR), the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the retinoic acid receptors (RAR α, RARβ and RARγ), the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the liver X receptors α and β (LXRα and LXβ) as well are suspected targets of EDCs. Humans are generally exposed to low doses of pollutants, therefore the aim of current research is to identify the targets of EDCs at environmental concentrations. In this review, we analyze recent works referring that nuclear receptors are targets of EDCs and we highlight which EDCs are able to act at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Toporova
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, ICM, Univ Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France.
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, ICM, Univ Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France.
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16
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Zhang J, Yang Y, Liu W, Schlenk D, Liu J. Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors and corticosteroid homeostasis are potential targets for endocrine-disrupting chemicals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105133. [PMID: 31520960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have received significant concern, since they ubiquitously exist in the environment and are able to induce adverse health effects on human and wildlife. Increasing evidence shows that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), members of the steroid receptor subfamily, are potential targets for EDCs. GR and MR mediate the actions of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, respectively, which are two main classes of corticosteroids involved in many physiological processes. The effects of EDCs on the homeostasis of these two classes of corticosteroids have also gained more attention recently. This review summarized the effects of environmental GR/MR ligands on receptor activity, and disruption of corticosteroid homeostasis. More than 130 chemicals classified into 7 main categories were reviewed, including metals, metalloids, pesticides, bisphenol analogues, flame retardants, other industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The mechanisms by which EDCs interfere with GR/MR activity are primarily involved in ligand-receptor binding, nuclear translocation of the receptor complex, DNA-receptor binding, and changes in the expression of endogenous GR/MR genes. Besides directly interfering with receptors, enzyme-catalyzed synthesis and prereceptor regulation pathways of corticosteroids are also important targets for EDCs. The collected evidence suggests that corticosteroids and their receptors should be considered as potential targets for safety assessment of EDCs. The recognition of relevant xenobiotics and their underlying mechanisms of action is still a challenge in this emerging field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Institute of Hygiene, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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17
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Piazza CE, Mattos JJ, de Toledo-Silva G, Flores-Nunes F, Tadra-Sfeir MZ, Trevisan R, Bittencourt AC, Bícego MC, Taniguchi S, Marques MRF, Dafré AL, Bianchini A, Souza EMD, Bainy ACD. Transcriptional effects in the estuarine guppy Poecilia vivipara exposed to sanitary sewage in laboratory and in situ. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109411. [PMID: 31299475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The urban growth has increased sanitary sewage discharges in coastal ecosystems, negatively affecting the aquatic biota. Mangroves, one of the most human-affected coastal biomes, are areas for reproduction and nursing of several species. In order to evaluate the effects of sanitary sewage effluents in mangrove species, this study assessed the hepatic transcriptional responses of guppy fish Poecilia vivipara exposed to sanitary sewage 33% (v:v), using suppressive subtraction hybridization (SSH), high throughput sequencing of RNA (Ion-proton) and quantification of transcript levels by qPCR of some identified genes in fish kept in a sewage-contaminated environment. Genes identified are related predominantly to xenobiotic biotransformation, immune system and sexual differentiation. The qPCR results confirmed the induction of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), glutathione S transferase A-like (GST A-like) methyltransferase (MET) and UDP glycosyltransferase 1A (UDPGT1A), and repression of complement component C3 (C3), doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (DMRT1), and transferrin (TF) in the laboratory experiment. In the field exposure, the transcript levels of CYP1A, DMRT1, MET, GST A-like and UDPGT1A were higher in fishes exposed at the contaminated sites compared to the reference site. Chemical analysis in fish from the laboratory and in situ experiments, and surface sediment from the sewage-contaminated sites revealed relevant levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) and linear alkylbenzenes (LABs). These data reinforce the use of P. vivipara as a sentinel for monitoring environmental contamination in coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clei Endrigo Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research, NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Toledo-Silva
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Cell Biology, Embriology and Genetics Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Trevisan
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Arnaldo Cechinel Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márcia Caruso Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Risoleta Freire Marques
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Alcir Luiz Dafré
- Laboratory of Cellular Defenses, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Foundation, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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18
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Makene VW, Pool EJ. The Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals on Biomarkers of Inflammation Produced by Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162914. [PMID: 31416231 PMCID: PMC6721122 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are common pollutants in the environment and can induce disruption of the endocrine and immune systems. The present study evaluated the effects of selected common environmental EDCs on secretion of inflammatory biomarkers by RAW264.7 cells. The EDCs investigated were Estradiol (E2), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and Bisphenol A (BPA). To evaluate if the effects caused by EDCs were modulated by steroid hormone receptors, antagonists of estrogen and androgen receptors were used. The steroid receptor antagonists used were Tamoxifen, an estrogen receptor antagonist, and Flutamide, an androgen receptor antagonist. Secretion of biomarkers of inflammation, namely nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), were monitored. The NO was determined using Griess reaction and IL-6 was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although 5 μg/mL E2, DHT, and BPA were not toxic to RAW264.7 cell cultures, the same treatments significantly (p < 0.001) reduced both NO and IL-6 secretion by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cell cultures. The suppression of NO and IL-6 secretion indicate inhibition of inflammation by DHT, E2, and BPA. The inhibitory effects of DHT, E2 and BPA are partially mediated via their cellular receptors, because the effects were reversed by their respective receptor antagonists. Flutamide reversed the effects of DHT, while Tamoxifen reversed the effects of E2 and BPA. In conclusion, E2, BPA, and DHT inhibit the synthesis of inflammation biomarkers by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The inhibitory effects of EDCs can be partially reversed by the addition of an estrogen receptor antagonist for E2 and BPA, and an androgenic receptor antagonist for DHT. The inhibition of inflammatory response in stimulated RAW264.7 cells may be a useful bioassay model for monitoring estrogenic and androgenic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedastus W Makene
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Edmund J Pool
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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19
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Liu S, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhao G. Group-Targeting Detection of Total Steroid Estrogen Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7639-7647. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
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20
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Pannekens H, Gottschlich A, Hollert H, Dopp E. Evaluation of mixture effects of endocrine active substances in wastewater using CALUX reporter-gene assays. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:670-677. [PMID: 31129136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine active substances (EAS), which are commonly used in pharmaceuticals and personal care products, are released into surface water mainly through WWTP effluents and have been shown to cause adverse effects in aquatic organisms. In wastewater, a variety of EAS with different hormonal activities is present, which can lead to additive effects or mask an endocrine activity. To investigate hormonal combination effects, with a focus on estrogen and androgen-modulators, influent samples from municipal and hospital wastewater treatmenr plants were spiked with 17α-ethinylestradiol, toremifene, 17α-methyltestosterone and bicalutamide and analyzed using in vitro reporter gene CALUX assays. All wastewaters caused endocrine activities in human cells, which were modified by adding one or several endocrine active substances. As expected, estrogenic activity was reduced in presence of the anti-estrogenic toremifene and androgenic activity decreased with the anti-androgen bicalutamide. In general, substance addition caused a similar trend in altered endocrine activities; however, their intensities differed between the wastewaters. Our results indicate that masking effects, leading to a suppressed biological signal, are of significant importance in the assessment of complex water samples, and combination effects rather than single substances determine the final biological effect. This emphasizes the need of effect-based tools in the assessment of water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Pannekens
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstr. 26, 45476, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Anne Gottschlich
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstr. 26, 45476, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elke Dopp
- IWW Water Centre, Moritzstr. 26, 45476, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Centre for Water and Environmental Research, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141, Essen, Germany
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21
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Grimaldi M, Boulahtouf A, Toporova L, Balaguer P. Functional profiling of bisphenols for nuclear receptors. Toxicology 2019; 420:39-45. [PMID: 30951782 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is one of the most abundant chemicals produced worldwide. Exposure to BPA has been associated with various physiological dysregulations, involving reproduction, development, metabolism, as well as genesis and progression of hormone-dependent cancers. It has been well published that BPA along with its analogs bind and activate estrogen receptors (ER) α and β, estrogen related receptor (ERR) γ and pregnan X receptor (PXR). BPA has been also characterized as an inhibitor of the androgen (AR) and progesterone (PR) receptor. Thus, the need for safer alternatives to BPA among bisphenols is rising. In this regard, we used reporter cell lines to analyze the effects of 24 bisphenols on the selected nuclear receptors (NRs), known and potential targets of BPA. We showed that bisphenols differently modulated the activities of NRs. ERs, ERRγ and PXR were generally activated by bisphenols, whereas many compounds of this family acted as AR, PR, GR and MR antagonists. On the other hand, some bisphenols such as BPA, BPC and BPE modulated the activity of several NRs, but others lacked the activity of other NRs. Altogether, these data provide the guidelines for development of safer BPA substitutes with reduced hormonal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, ICM, Univ. Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, ICM, Univ. Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Lucia Toporova
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, ICM, Univ. Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, ICM, Univ. Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France.
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22
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Raitano G, Goi D, Pieri V, Passoni A, Mattiussi M, Lutman A, Romeo I, Manganaro A, Marzo M, Porta N, Baderna D, Colombo A, Aneggi E, Natolino F, Lodi M, Bagnati R, Benfenati E. (Eco)toxicological maps: A new risk assessment method integrating traditional and in silico tools and its application in the Ledra River (Italy). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 119:275-286. [PMID: 29982131 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants giving rise to emerging concern like pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) have been detected in wastewaters, as reported in the literature, but little is known about their (eco)toxicological effects and consequent human health impact. The present study aimed at overcoming this lack of information through the use of in silico methods integrated with traditional toxicological risk analysis. This is part of a pilot project involving the management of wastewater treatment plants in the Ledra River basin (Italy). We obtained data to work up a global risk assessment method combining the evaluations of health risks to humans and ecological receptors from chemical contaminants found in this specific area. The (eco)toxicological risk is expressed by a single numerical value, permitting the comparison of different sampling sites and the evaluation of future environmental and technical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Raitano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy.
| | - Daniele Goi
- Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Pieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Alice Passoni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | | | | | - Isabella Romeo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Alberto Manganaro
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Marco Marzo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Nicola Porta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Diego Baderna
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Andrea Colombo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Eleonora Aneggi
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Natolino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Marco Lodi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Italy
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23
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Leusch FDL, Neale PA, Arnal C, Aneck-Hahn NH, Balaguer P, Bruchet A, Escher BI, Esperanza M, Grimaldi M, Leroy G, Scheurer M, Schlichting R, Schriks M, Hebert A. Analysis of endocrine activity in drinking water, surface water and treated wastewater from six countries. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 139:10-18. [PMID: 29621713 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic environment can contain numerous micropollutants and there are concerns about endocrine activity in environmental waters and the potential impacts on human and ecosystem health. In this study a complementary chemical analysis and in vitro bioassay approach was applied to evaluate endocrine activity in treated wastewater, surface water and drinking water samples from six countries (Germany, Australia, France, South Africa, the Netherlands and Spain). The bioassay test battery included assays indicative of seven endocrine pathways, while 58 different chemicals, including pesticides, pharmaceuticals and industrial compounds, were analysed by targeted chemical analysis. Endocrine activity was below the limit of quantification for most water samples, with only two of six treated wastewater samples and two of six surface water samples exhibiting estrogenic, glucocorticoid, progestagenic and/or anti-mineralocorticoid activity above the limit of quantification. Based on available effect-based trigger values (EBT) for estrogenic and glucocorticoid activity, some of the wastewater and surface water samples were found to exceed the EBT, suggesting these environmental waters may pose a potential risk to ecosystem health. In contrast, the lack of bioassay activity and low detected chemical concentrations in the drinking water samples do not suggest a risk to human endocrine health, with all samples below the relevant EBTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Peta A Neale
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Charlotte Arnal
- Veolia Research & Innovation, 78600 Maisons-Laffitte, France
| | - Natalie H Aneck-Hahn
- Environmental Chemical Pollution and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM/Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Auguste Bruchet
- CIRSEE (Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement) - Suez Environnement, 78230 Le Pecq, France
| | - Beate I Escher
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport QLD 4222, Australia; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Environmental Toxicology, Center for Applied Geosciences, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mar Esperanza
- CIRSEE (Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement) - Suez Environnement, 78230 Le Pecq, France
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM/Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Gaela Leroy
- Veolia Research & Innovation, 78600 Maisons-Laffitte, France
| | - Marco Scheurer
- DVGW - Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruher Str.84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rita Schlichting
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Merijn Schriks
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Vitens drinking water company, 8019 BE Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Armelle Hebert
- Veolia Research & Innovation, 78600 Maisons-Laffitte, France
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24
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Houtman CJ, Ten Broek R, Brouwer A. Steroid hormonal bioactivities, culprit natural and synthetic hormones and other emerging contaminants in waste water measured using bioassays and UPLC-tQ-MS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:1492-1501. [PMID: 29554767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Emission of compounds with biological activities from waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluents into surface waters is a topic of concern for ecology and drinking water quality. We investigated the occurrence of hormone-like activities in waste water sample extracts from four Dutch WWTPs and pursued to identify compounds responsible for them. To this aim, in vitro reporter gene bioassays for androgenic, anti-androgenic, estrogenic, glucocorticoid and progestogenic activity and a UPLC-tQ-MS target analysis method for 25 steroid hormones used in high volumes in pharmacy were applied. Principal component analysis of the data was performed to further characterize the detected activities and compounds. All five types of activities tested were observed in the WWTP samples. Androgenic and estrogenic activities were almost completely removed during WW treatment, anti-androgenic activity was only found in treated WW. Glucocorticoid and progestogenic activities persisted throughout the treatment. The androgenic activity in both influent could predominantly be attributed to the presence of androstenedione and testosterone. Anti-androgenic activity was explained by the presence of cyproterone acetate. The glucocorticoid activity in influent was fully explained by prednicarbate, triamcinolone acetonide, dexamethasone and amcinonide. In effluent however, detected hormones could only explain 10-32% of the activity, indicating the presence of unknown glucocorticoids or their metabolites in effluent. Progesterone and levonorgestrel could explain the observed progestogenic activity. The principle component analysis confirmed the way in which hormones fit in the spectrum of other emerging contaminants concerning occurrence and fate in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corine J Houtman
- The Water Laboratory, P.O. Box 734, 2003 RS Haarlem, The Netherlands.
| | - Rob Ten Broek
- The Water Laboratory, P.O. Box 734, 2003 RS Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham Brouwer
- BioDetection Systems B.V, Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Animal Ecology, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Šauer P, Stará A, Golovko O, Valentová O, Bořík A, Grabic R, Kroupová HK. Two synthetic progestins and natural progesterone are responsible for most of the progestagenic activities in municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents in the Czech and Slovak republics. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 137:64-71. [PMID: 29544204 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vast numbers of xenobiotics are known still to be present in treated municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents. Some of these possess endocrine-disrupting potency and pose risks for exposed aquatic animals. We searched for 17 potential environmental contaminants having affinity to the progesterone receptor. Relative potency values of these progesterone receptor-active chemicals were obtained. On the basis of relative potencies and measured environmental concentrations, the contribution of progestins to measured progestagenic activities was evaluated. Wastewaters (influent and effluent) and surrounding surface waters (upstream and downstream) at six municipal WWTPs were screened using instrumental chemical analysis and in vitro reporter gene bioassay. We showed the presence of target compounds and (anti-)progestagenic activities in municipal wastewater and surface water. Nine and seven progestins were identified in influent and effluent wastewaters, respectively. Only two compounds, progesterone and medroxyprogesterone were found in surface waters. Progestagenic agonistic activities in influents were partially masked by strong anti-progestagenic activities that were detected in all influents and ranged from 2.63 to 83 ng/L of mifepristone equivalents (EQs). Progestagenic activities were detected in all effluents and ranged from 0.06 to 0.47 ng/L of reference compound ORG 2058 EQs (a synthetic progestin equivalents), thus indicating incomplete removal of progestins during wastewater treatment processing. This activity poses a continuing risk for the aquatic environment. By contrast, anti-progestagenic activities showed better removal efficiency in WWTPs compared to progestagenic agonistic activities. Anti-progestagenic activities were found in only three of six effluents and ranged from 0.26 to 2.1 ng/L mifepristone EQs. We explained most of the progestagenic activity in municipal WWTP effluents by the presence of synthetic progestins and progesterone, which contributed 65-96% of such activity in samples where no antagonistic activity was found. The progestins medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate and progesterone contributed most to the progestagenic activity detected in municipal effluents. Anti-progestagenic activities were found in some municipal effluents, but no causative agents were revealed because two analysed selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) with anti-progestagenic activities, mifepristone and ulipristal acetate, were not present in the effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Šauer
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Alžběta Stará
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Oksana Golovko
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Valentová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bořík
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kocour Kroupová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
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26
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Zhang J, Liu R, Niu L, Zhu S, Zhang Q, Zhao M, Liu W, Liu J. Determination of endocrine-disrupting potencies of agricultural soils in China via a battery of steroid receptor bioassays. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:846-854. [PMID: 29248852 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of agricultural soils by pesticides, such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), can be a significant issue since high detection rates of these compounds were reported in our previous studies. However, more uncertain kinds, quantities and density of pollutants remained in soil samples were unidentified. In this study, the total hormonal activities of complex mixtures of both known and unknown contaminants in agricultural soils in mainland China were measured by applying highly sensitive reporter gene assays for detecting agonists/antagonists for estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). High detection rates of estrogenic activities and anti-progestogenic activities were observed among the 123 soil samples, reaching 79% and 73%, respectively. More than half of the soil samples showed obvious antagonistic effects against AR and GR. Approximately a third of tested samples exhibited androgenic, progestogenic and glucocorticoidic effects. A total of 72% and 78% soil extracts had mineralocorticoid-like and anti-mineralocorticoid activities, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between estrogenic activity and the concentrations of Σdichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), Σendosulfans, Σchlordanes, heptachlor and Σdrins, respectively, but not other receptors. As a rapid and convenient pre-caution method, determination of endocrine-disrupting potencies of contaminated soils via bioassay could help to identify and define sites that required further attention for ecological risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Rui Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lili Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Siyu Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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27
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Wangmo C, Jarque S, Hilscherová K, Bláha L, Bittner M. In vitro assessment of sex steroids and related compounds in water and sediments - a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2018; 20:270-287. [PMID: 29251308 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00458c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Detection of endocrine disrupting compounds in water and sediment samples has gained much importance since the evidence of their effects was reported in aquatic ecosystems in the 1990s. The aim of this review is to highlight the advances made in the field of in vitro analysis for the detection of hormonally active compounds with estrogenic, androgenic and progestogenic effects in water and sediment samples. In vitro assays have been developed from yeast, mammalian and in a few cases from fish cells. These assays are based either on the hormone-mediated proliferation of sensitive cell lines or on the hormone-mediated expression of reporter genes. In vitro assays in combination with various sample enrichment methods have been used with limits of detection as low as 0.0027 ng L-1 in water, and 0.0026 ng g-1 in sediments for estrogenicity, 0.1 ng L-1 in water, and 0.5 ng g-1 in sediments for androgenicity, and 5 ng L-1 in water for progestogenicity expressed as equivalent concentrations of standard reference compounds of 17β-estradiol, dihydrotestosterone and progesterone, respectively. The experimental results and limits of quantification, however, are influenced by the methods of sample collection, preparation, and individual laboratory practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimi Wangmo
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment - RECETOX, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Tousova Z, Oswald P, Slobodnik J, Blaha L, Muz M, Hu M, Brack W, Krauss M, Di Paolo C, Tarcai Z, Seiler TB, Hollert H, Koprivica S, Ahel M, Schollée JE, Hollender J, Suter MJF, Hidasi AO, Schirmer K, Sonavane M, Ait-Aissa S, Creusot N, Brion F, Froment J, Almeida AC, Thomas K, Tollefsen KE, Tufi S, Ouyang X, Leonards P, Lamoree M, Torrens VO, Kolkman A, Schriks M, Spirhanzlova P, Tindall A, Schulze T. European demonstration program on the effect-based and chemical identification and monitoring of organic pollutants in European surface waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017. [PMID: 28629112 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Growing concern about the adverse environmental and human health effects of a wide range of micropollutants requires the development of novel tools and approaches to enable holistic monitoring of their occurrence, fate and effects in the aquatic environment. A European-wide demonstration program (EDP) for effect-based monitoring of micropollutants in surface waters was carried out within the Marie Curie Initial Training Network EDA-EMERGE. The main objectives of the EDP were to apply a simplified protocol for effect-directed analysis, to link biological effects to target compounds and to estimate their risk to aquatic biota. Onsite large volume solid phase extraction of 50 L of surface water was performed at 18 sampling sites in four European river basins. Extracts were subjected to effect-based analysis (toxicity to algae, fish embryo toxicity, neurotoxicity, (anti-)estrogenicity, (anti-)androgenicity, glucocorticoid activity and thyroid activity), to target analysis (151 organic micropollutants) and to nontarget screening. The most pronounced effects were estrogenicity, toxicity to algae and fish embryo toxicity. In most bioassays, major portions of the observed effects could not be explained by target compounds, especially in case of androgenicity, glucocorticoid activity and fish embryo toxicity. Estrone and nonylphenoxyacetic acid were identified as the strongest contributors to estrogenicity, while herbicides, with a minor contribution from other micropollutants, were linked to the observed toxicity to algae. Fipronil and nonylphenol were partially responsible for the fish embryo toxicity. Within the EDP, 21 target compounds were prioritized on the basis of their frequency and extent of exceedance of predicted no effect concentrations. The EDP priority list included 6 compounds, which are already addressed by European legislation, and 15 micropollutants that may be important for future monitoring of surface waters. The study presents a novel simplified protocol for effect-based monitoring and draws a comprehensive picture of the surface water status across Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Tousova
- Environmental Institute (EI), Okruzna 784/42, 972 41 Kos, Slovak Republic; Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Oswald
- Environmental Institute (EI), Okruzna 784/42, 972 41 Kos, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Slobodnik
- Environmental Institute (EI), Okruzna 784/42, 972 41 Kos, Slovak Republic
| | - Ludek Blaha
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Melis Muz
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Meng Hu
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolina Di Paolo
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Zsolt Tarcai
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sanja Koprivica
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijan Ahel
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jennifer E Schollée
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc J-F Suter
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anita O Hidasi
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; EPF Lausanne, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristin Schirmer
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; EPF Lausanne, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manoj Sonavane
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité ECOT, Parc ALATA - BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Selim Ait-Aissa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité ECOT, Parc ALATA - BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Nicolas Creusot
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité ECOT, Parc ALATA - BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Francois Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité ECOT, Parc ALATA - BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean Froment
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadallèen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ana Catarina Almeida
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadallèen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin Thomas
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadallèen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 39 Keesels Road, Coopers Plains 4108, Australia
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadallèen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science & Technology, Dept. for Environmental Sciences, Post Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Sara Tufi
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xiyu Ouyang
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Leonards
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marja Lamoree
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria Osorio Torrens
- KWR, Watercycle Research Institute, Department of Chemical Water, Quality and Health, P.O. Box 1072, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Kolkman
- KWR, Watercycle Research Institute, Department of Chemical Water, Quality and Health, P.O. Box 1072, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Merijn Schriks
- KWR, Watercycle Research Institute, Department of Chemical Water, Quality and Health, P.O. Box 1072, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Vitens drinking water company, P.O Box 1205, 8001 BE Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | | | - Andrew Tindall
- WatchFrog S. A., 1 rue Pierre Fontaine, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Tobias Schulze
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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Leusch FDL, Neale PA, Hebert A, Scheurer M, Schriks MCM. Analysis of the sensitivity of in vitro bioassays for androgenic, progestagenic, glucocorticoid, thyroid and estrogenic activity: Suitability for drinking and environmental waters. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 99:120-130. [PMID: 28017361 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the aquatic environment poses a risk for ecosystem health. Consequently there is a need for sensitive tools, such as in vitro bioassays, to monitor endocrine activity in environmental waters. The aim of the current study was to assess whether current in vitro bioassays are suitable to detect endocrine activity in a range of water types. The reviewed assays included androgenic (n=11), progestagenic (n=6), glucocorticoid (n=5), thyroid (n=5) and estrogenic (n=8) activity in both agonist and antagonist mode. Existing in vitro bioassay data were re-evaluated to determine assay sensitivity, with the calculated method detection limit compared with measured hormonal activity in treated wastewater, surface water and drinking water to quantify whether the studied assays were sufficiently sensitive for environmental samples. With typical sample enrichment, current in vitro bioassays are sufficiently sensitive to detect androgenic activity in treated wastewater and surface water, with anti-androgenic activity able to be detected in most environmental waters. Similarly, with sufficient enrichment, the studied mammalian assays are able to detect estrogenic activity even in drinking water samples. Fewer studies have focused on progestagenic and glucocorticoid activity, but some of the reviewed bioassays are suitable for detecting activity in treated wastewater and surface water. Even less is known about (anti)thyroid activity, but the available data suggests that the more sensitive reviewed bioassays are still unlikely to detect this type of activity in environmental waters. The findings of this review can help provide guidance on in vitro bioassay selection and required sample enrichment for optimised detection of endocrine activity in environmental waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Peta A Neale
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld, 4222, Australia
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Neale PA, Munz NA, Aїt-Aїssa S, Altenburger R, Brion F, Busch W, Escher BI, Hilscherová K, Kienle C, Novák J, Seiler TB, Shao Y, Stamm C, Hollender J. Integrating chemical analysis and bioanalysis to evaluate the contribution of wastewater effluent on the micropollutant burden in small streams. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 576:785-795. [PMID: 27810763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface waters can contain a range of micropollutants from point sources, such as wastewater effluent, and diffuse sources, such as agriculture. Characterizing the source of micropollutants is important for reducing their burden and thus mitigating adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. In this study, chemical analysis and bioanalysis were applied to assess the micropollutant burden during low flow conditions upstream and downstream of three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) discharging into small streams in the Swiss Plateau. The upstream sites had no input of wastewater effluent, allowing a direct comparison of the observed effects with and without the contribution of wastewater. Four hundred and five chemicals were analyzed, while the applied bioassays included activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, activation of the androgen receptor, activation of the estrogen receptor, photosystem II inhibition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and adaptive stress responses for oxidative stress, genotoxicity and inflammation, as well as assays indicative of estrogenic activity and developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Chemical analysis and bioanalysis showed higher chemical concentrations and effects for the effluent samples, with the lowest chemical concentrations and effects in most assays for the upstream sites. Mixture toxicity modeling was applied to assess the contribution of detected chemicals to the observed effect. For most bioassays, very little of the observed effects could be explained by the detected chemicals, with the exception of photosystem II inhibition, where herbicides explained the majority of the effect. This emphasizes the importance of combining bioanalysis with chemical analysis to provide a more complete picture of the micropollutant burden. While the wastewater effluents had a significant contribution to micropollutant burden downstream, both chemical analysis and bioanalysis showed a relevant contribution of diffuse sources from upstream during low flow conditions, suggesting that upgrading WWTPs will not completely reduce the micropollutant burden, but further source control measures will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peta A Neale
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Brisbane, QLD 4108, Australia
| | - Nicole A Munz
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Selim Aїt-Aїssa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Rolf Altenburger
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Wibke Busch
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate I Escher
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Brisbane, QLD 4108, Australia; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Environmental Toxicology, Center for Applied Geosciences, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cornelia Kienle
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jiří Novák
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ying Shao
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Stamm
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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31
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Oziol L, Alliot F, Botton J, Bimbot M, Huteau V, Levi Y, Chevreuil M. First characterization of the endocrine-disrupting potential of indoor gaseous and particulate contamination: comparison with urban outdoor air (France). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3142-3152. [PMID: 27858277 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The composition of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the ambient air of indoor environments has already been described, but little is known about the inherent endocrine-disrupting potential of indoor air contamination. We therefore aimed to study the distribution of bioactive EDCs in the gaseous and particulate phases of indoor air using a cellular bioassay approach that integrates the interaction effects between chemicals. Organic air extracts, both gaseous and particulate, were taken from three indoor locations (office, apartment, and children's day care) in France and sampled in two different seasons in order to study their interference with the signaling of estrogen, androgen, and thyroid receptors. The experiments were also conducted on aerial extracts from an outdoor site (urban center). We found that gaseous and/or particulate extracts from all locations displayed estrogenicity, anti-androgenicity, and thyroidicity. Overall, indoor air extracts had a higher endocrine-disrupting potential compared to outdoor ones, especially during winter and in the day care. The biological activities were predominant for the gaseous extracts and tended to increase for the particulate extracts in cool conditions. In conclusion, our data confirmed the presence of bioactive EDCs in a gaseous state and highlighted their indoor origin and concentration, especially in the cold season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Oziol
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France.
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Fabrice Alliot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 Metis, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Botton
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Team "Early Origin of the Child's Health and Development" (ORCHAD), Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Maya Bimbot
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Viviane Huteau
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Yves Levi
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, University of Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Marc Chevreuil
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 Metis, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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32
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A consolidated method for screening the endocrine activity of drinking water. Food Chem 2016; 213:274-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Brack W, Ait-Aissa S, Burgess RM, Busch W, Creusot N, Di Paolo C, Escher BI, Mark Hewitt L, Hilscherova K, Hollender J, Hollert H, Jonker W, Kool J, Lamoree M, Muschket M, Neumann S, Rostkowski P, Ruttkies C, Schollee J, Schymanski EL, Schulze T, Seiler TB, Tindall AJ, De Aragão Umbuzeiro G, Vrana B, Krauss M. Effect-directed analysis supporting monitoring of aquatic environments--An in-depth overview. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 544:1073-118. [PMID: 26779957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic environments are often contaminated with complex mixtures of chemicals that may pose a risk to ecosystems and human health. This contamination cannot be addressed with target analysis alone but tools are required to reduce this complexity and identify those chemicals that might cause adverse effects. Effect-directed analysis (EDA) is designed to meet this challenge and faces increasing interest in water and sediment quality monitoring. Thus, the present paper summarizes current experience with the EDA approach and the tools required, and provides practical advice on their application. The paper highlights the need for proper problem formulation and gives general advice for study design. As the EDA approach is directed by toxicity, basic principles for the selection of bioassays are given as well as a comprehensive compilation of appropriate assays, including their strengths and weaknesses. A specific focus is given to strategies for sampling, extraction and bioassay dosing since they strongly impact prioritization of toxicants in EDA. Reduction of sample complexity mainly relies on fractionation procedures, which are discussed in this paper, including quality assurance and quality control. Automated combinations of fractionation, biotesting and chemical analysis using so-called hyphenated tools can enhance the throughput and might reduce the risk of artifacts in laboratory work. The key to determining the chemical structures causing effects is analytical toxicant identification. The latest approaches, tools, software and databases for target-, suspect and non-target screening as well as unknown identification are discussed together with analytical and toxicological confirmation approaches. A better understanding of optimal use and combination of EDA tools will help to design efficient and successful toxicant identification studies in the context of quality monitoring in multiply stressed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Brack
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Selim Ait-Aissa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Robert M Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Wibke Busch
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicolas Creusot
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | - Beate I Escher
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Mark Hewitt
- Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Klara Hilscherova
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Willem Jonker
- VU University, BioMolecular Analysis Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kool
- VU University, BioMolecular Analysis Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marja Lamoree
- VU Amsterdam, Institute for Environmental Studies, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Muschket
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Neumann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Pawel Rostkowski
- NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2007 Kjeller, Norway
| | | | - Jennifer Schollee
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Emma L Schymanski
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schulze
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Andrew J Tindall
- WatchFrag, Bâtiment Genavenir 3, 1 Rue Pierre Fontaine, 91000 Evry, France
| | | | - Branislav Vrana
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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DeQuattro ZA, Hemming JDC, Barry TP. Effects of androstenedione exposure on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) reproduction and embryonic development. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:2549-2554. [PMID: 26053090 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations (300 ng/L) of androstenedione (A4) were identified in snowmelt runoff from fields fertilized with manure from livestock feeding operations in Wisconsin, USA. In fishes, A4 is an active androgen and substrate for biosynthesis of functional androgens (e.g., testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone) and estrogens (e.g., estradiol-17β). Thus, A4 has the potential to be a powerful endocrine disruptor. This hypothesis was tested by exposing reproductively mature fathead minnows to 0.0 ng/L, 4.5 ng/L, 74 ng/L, and 700 ng/L A4 for 26 d in a flow-through system. Various reproductive endpoints were measured including fecundity, fertilization success, secondary sexual characteristics, gonadosomatic index (GSI), and hepatic vitellogenin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. In addition, fertilized embryos from the reproduction assay were used in an embryonic development assay to assess A4 effects on development and hatchability. In males, A4 significantly increased Vtg mRNA expression (estrogenic effect), significantly reduced GSI, and had no effect on tubercle expression (p = 0.067). In females, A4 induced tubercle development (androgenic effect) with no effects on GSI. Fecundity was not significantly impacted. Exposure to A4 had no effect on fertilization, embryonic development, or hatchability. These data indicate that exogenous A4, at environmentally relevant concentrations, can significantly modulate the reproductive physiology of the fathead minnows in a sex-specific manner and that A4 should be monitored as an endocrine disruptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A DeQuattro
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jocelyn D C Hemming
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Fish Endocrinology and Aquaculture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Terence P Barry
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Lange A, Sebire M, Rostkowski P, Mizutani T, Miyagawa S, Iguchi T, Hill EM, Tyler CR. Environmental chemicals active as human antiandrogens do not activate a stickleback androgen receptor but enhance a feminising effect of oestrogen in roach. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 168:48-59. [PMID: 26440146 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sexual disruption is reported in wild fish populations living in freshwaters receiving discharges of wastewater treatment works (WwTW) effluents and is associated primarily with the feminisation of males by exposure to oestrogenic chemicals. Antiandrogens could also contribute to the feminisation of male fish, but there are far less data supporting this hypothesis and almost nothing is known for the effects of oestrogens in combination with antiandrogens in fish. We conducted a series of in vivo exposures in two fish species to investigate the potency on reproductive-relevant endpoints of the antiandrogenic antimicrobials triclosan (TCS), chlorophene (CP) and dichlorophene (DCP) and the resin, abietic acid (AbA), all found widely in WwTW effluents. We also undertook exposures with a mixture of antiandrogens and a mixture of antiandrogens in combination with the oestrogen 17α-ethinyloestradiol (EE2). In stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), DCP showed a tendency to reduce spiggin induction in females androgenised by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), but these findings were not conclusive. In roach (Rutilus rutilus), exposures to DCP (178 days), or a mixture of TCS, CP and AbA (185 days), or to the model antiandrogen flutamide (FL, 178 days) had no effect on gonadal sex ratio or on the development of the reproductive ducts. Exposure to EE2 (1.5ng/L, 185 days) induced feminisation of the ducts in 17% of the males and in the mixture of antiandrogens (TCS, CP, AbA) in combination with EE2, almost all (96%) of the males had a feminised reproductive ducts. In stickleback androgen receptor (ARα and ARβ) transactivation assays, the model antiandrogens, FL and procymidone inhibited 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) induced receptor activation, but none of the human antiandrogens, TCS, CP, DCP and AbA had an effect. These data indicate that antimicrobial antiandrogens in combination can contribute to the feminisation process in exposed males, but they do not appear to act through the androgen receptor in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Lange
- University of Exeter, Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
| | - Marion Sebire
- University of Exeter, Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom; Cefas Weymouth Laboratory, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Rostkowski
- University of Sussex, School of Life Sciences, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Takeshi Mizutani
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, and Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, and Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, and Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Elizabeth M Hill
- University of Sussex, School of Life Sciences, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R Tyler
- University of Exeter, Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
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Roberts J, Bain PA, Kumar A, Hepplewhite C, Ellis DJ, Christy AG, Beavis SG. Tracking multiple modes of endocrine activity in Australia's largest inland sewage treatment plant and effluent- receiving environment using a panel of in vitro bioassays. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:2271-81. [PMID: 25939690 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenicity of sewage effluents, and related ecotoxicological effects in effluent-receiving environments, have been widely reported over the last 2 decades. However, relatively little attention has been given to other endocrine pathways that may be similarly disrupted by a growing list of contaminants of concern. Furthermore, the Australian evidence base is limited compared with those of Europe and North America. During a low dilution period in summer, the authors investigated multiple endocrine potencies in Australia's largest inland sewage treatment plant (STP) and the Lower Molonglo/Upper Murrumbidgee effluent-receiving environment. This STP receives 900 L/s of mostly domestic wastewater from a population of 350 000, and contributes a high proportion of total flow in the lower catchment during dry periods. A panel of in vitro receptor-driven transactivation assays were used to detect (anti)estrogenic, (anti) androgenic, (anti)progestagenic, glucocorticoid, and peroxisome-proliferator activity at various stages of the sewage treatment process. Total estrogenic and (anti)androgenic potency was removed after primary and/or secondary treatment; however, total removal efficiency for glucocorticoid potency was poorer (53-66%), and progestagenic potency was found to increase along the treatment train. Estrogenicity was detected in surface waters and bed sediments upstream and downstream of the effluent outfall, at maximum levels 10 times lower than low-hazard thresholds. Glucocorticoid and progestagenic activity were found to persist to 4 km downstream of the effluent outfall, suggesting that future research is needed on these endocrine-disrupting chemical categories in effluent-receiving systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Roberts
- CSIRO, Land and Water, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
- Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Peter A Bain
- CSIRO, Land and Water, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anupama Kumar
- CSIRO, Land and Water, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - David J Ellis
- Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Andrew G Christy
- Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Sara G Beavis
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Kassotis CD, Alvarez DA, Taylor JA, vom Saal FS, Nagel SC, Tillitt DE. Characterization of Missouri surface waters near point sources of pollution reveals potential novel atmospheric route of exposure for bisphenol A and wastewater hormonal activity pattern. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 524-525:384-393. [PMID: 25917777 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface water contamination by chemical pollutants increasingly threatens water quality around the world. Among the many contaminants found in surface water, there is growing concern regarding endocrine disrupting chemicals, based on their ability to interfere with some aspect of hormone action in exposed organisms, including humans. This study assessed water quality at several sites across Missouri (near wastewater treatment plants and airborne release sites of bisphenol A) based on hormone receptor activation potencies and chemical concentrations present in the surface water. We hypothesized that bisphenol A and ethinylestradiol would be greater in water near permitted airborne release sites and wastewater treatment plant inputs, respectively, and that these two compounds would be responsible for the majority of activities in receptor-based assays conducted with water collected near these sites. Concentrations of bisphenol A and ethinylestradiol were compared to observed receptor activities using authentic standards to assess contribution to total activities, and quantitation of a comprehensive set of wastewater compounds was performed to better characterize each site. Bisphenol A concentrations were found to be elevated in surface water near permitted airborne release sites, raising questions that airborne releases of BPA may influence nearby surface water contamination and may represent a previously underestimated source to the environment and potential for human exposure. Estrogen and androgen receptor activities of surface water samples were predictive of wastewater input, although the lower sensitivity of the ethinylestradiol ELISA relative to the very high sensitivity of the bioassay approaches did not allow a direct comparison. Wastewater-influenced sites also had elevated anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic equivalence, while sites without wastewater discharges exhibited no antagonist activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Kassotis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - David A Alvarez
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO 65201, United States
| | - Julia A Taylor
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Frederick S vom Saal
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Susan C Nagel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Donald E Tillitt
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO 65201, United States; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
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Omoruyi IM, Pohjanvirta R. Estrogenic activity of wastewater, bottled waters and tap water in Finland as assessed by a yeast bio-reporter assay. Scand J Public Health 2015; 43:770-5. [DOI: 10.1177/1403494815591686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Environmental pollutants appearing in wastewater, bottled mineral water, tap water, and bottled drinking water are potential, but yet poorly characterized, sources of human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals globally. Here, we investigated the current situation in the most densely populated region in Finland. Methods: Influent and effluent bi-monthly samples from a major wastewater treatment plant in Helsinki were obtained over a preceding 2-year period at two time-points (in 2011 and 2014). Equivalent samples from a household water purification plant (located in the same region) were also analyzed, together with various brands of bottled still and mineral water as well as tap water from residential buildings. Samples were obtained in one liter sterile containers, extracted by solid-phase extraction method, and their estrogenic potential determined by a yeast bioluminescent assay. Results: The estrogenic activities of influent samples from the wastewater treatment plant in Helsinki were generally low (from less than limit of detection to 0.7 ng/L estrogen equivalent quantities (EEQ)), except in March and August 2011, when relatively high levels (14.0 and 7.8 ng/L EEQ, respectively) were obtained. Meanwhile, no estrogenic activity was recorded in any of the treated effluent samples from the wastewater treatment plant, influent and effluent samples from the drinking water plant, as well as tap water, bottled still, and mineral waters. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the purification method applied in Helsinki wastewater treatment plant, activated sludge with mechanical, chemical and biological purification steps, is effective in reducing estrogenic activity, and that tap or bottled waters are not a significant source of these compounds to the population in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyekhoetin Matthew Omoruyi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health (Food and Environmental Toxicology Unit), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raimo Pohjanvirta
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health (Food and Environmental Toxicology Unit), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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The current preference for the immuno-analytical ELISA method for quantitation of steroid hormones (endocrine disruptor compounds) in wastewater in South Africa. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:4949-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Grimaldi M, Boulahtouf A, Delfosse V, Thouennon E, Bourguet W, Balaguer P. Reporter Cell Lines for the Characterization of the Interactions between Human Nuclear Receptors and Endocrine Disruptors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:62. [PMID: 26029163 PMCID: PMC4426785 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances interfering with hormone biosynthesis, metabolism, or action, and consequently causing disturbances in the endocrine system. Various pathways are activated by EDCs, including interactions with nuclear receptors (NRs), which are primary targets of numerous environmental contaminants. The main NRs targeted by environmental contaminants are the estrogen (ER α, β) and the androgen (AR) receptors. ERs and AR have pleiotropic regulatory roles in a diverse range of tissues, notably in the mammary gland, the uterus, and the prostate. Thus, dysfunctional ERs and AR signaling due to inappropriate exposure to environmental pollutants may lead to hormonal cancers and infertility. The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is also recognized by many environmental molecules. PXR has a protective role of the body through its ability to regulate proteins involved in the metabolism, the conjugation, and the transport of many exogenous and endogenous compounds. However, the permanent activation of this receptor by xenobiotics may lead to premature drug metabolism, the formation, and accumulation of toxic metabolites and defects in hormones homeostasis. The activity of other NRs can also be affected by environmental molecules. Compounds capable of inhibiting or activating the estrogen related (ERRγ), the thyroid hormone (TRα, β), the retinoid X receptors (RXRα, β, γ), and peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPAR α, γ) receptors have been identified and are highly suspected to promote developmental, reproductive, neurological, or metabolic diseases in humans and wildlife. In this review, we provide an overview of reporter cell lines established to characterize the human NR activities of a large panel of EDCs including natural as well as industrial compounds such as pesticides, plasticizers, surfactants, flame retardants, and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Grimaldi
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- U1194, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- U1194, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vanessa Delfosse
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- U1054, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- CNRS UMR5048, Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Montpellier, France
| | - Erwan Thouennon
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- U1194, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - William Bourguet
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- U1054, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- CNRS UMR5048, Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- U1194, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Patrick Balaguer, U1194, IRCM, INSERM, ICM, Parc Euromédecine, 208 rue des Apothicaires, Montpellier 34090, France,
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Cwiertny DM, Snyder SA, Schlenk D, Kolodziej EP. Environmental designer drugs: when transformation may not eliminate risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:11737-45. [PMID: 25216024 PMCID: PMC4204896 DOI: 10.1021/es503425w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmental transformation processes, including those occurring in natural and engineered systems, do not necessarily drastically alter molecular structures of bioactive organic contaminants. While the majority of generated transformation products are likely benign, substantial conservation of structure in transformation products can imply conservation or even creation of bioactivity across multiple biological end points and thus incomplete mitigation of ecological risk. Therefore, focusing solely on parent compound removal for contaminants of higher relative risk, the most common approach to fate characterization, provides no mechanistic relationship to potential biological effects and is inadequate as a comprehensive metric for reduction of ecological risks. Here, we explore these phenomena for endocrine-active steroid hormones, focusing on examples of conserved bioactivity and related implications for fate assessment, regulatory approaches, and research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Cwiertny
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, University
of Iowa, 4105 Seamans
Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- (D.M.C.) Phone: +1-319-335-1401; fax: +1-319-335-5660; e-mail:
| | - Shane A. Snyder
- Chemical
and Environmental Engineering, University
of Arizona, 1133 E. James
E. Rogers Way, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- NUS
Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, T-Lab Building, Singapore 117411
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, University of
California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Edward P. Kolodziej
- Interdisciplinary
Arts and Sciences, University of Washington,
Tacoma, 1900 Commerce
Street, Tacoma, Washington 98402, United States
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- (E.P.K.) Phone: +1-253-692-5659; fax: +1-253-692-5718; e-mail:
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Creusot N, Aït-Aïssa S, Tapie N, Pardon P, Brion F, Sanchez W, Thybaud E, Porcher JM, Budzinski H. Identification of synthetic steroids in river water downstream from pharmaceutical manufacture discharges based on a bioanalytical approach and passive sampling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:3649-3657. [PMID: 24579728 DOI: 10.1021/es405313r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A bioanalytical approach was used to identify chemical contaminants at river sites located downstream from a pharmaceutical factory, where reproductive alterations in wild fish have been previously observed. By using polar organic compound integrative samplers (POCIS) at upstream and downstream sites, biological activity profiles based on in vitro bioassays revealed the occurrence of xenobiotic and steroid-like activities, including very high glucocorticoid, antimineralocorticoid, progestogenic and pregnane X receptor (PXR)-like activities (μg standard-EQ/g of sorbent range), and weak estrogenic activity (ng E2-EQ/g of sorbent range). Chemical analyses detected up to 60 out of 118 targeted steroid and pharmaceutical compounds in the extracts. In vitro profiling of occurring individual chemicals revealed the ability of several ones to act as agonist and/or antagonist of different steroids receptors. Mass balance calculation identified dexamethasone, spironolactone, and 6-alpha-methylprednisolone as major contributors to corticosteroid activities and levonorgestrel as the main contributor to progestogenic activities. Finally, RP-HPLC based fractionation of POCIS extracts and testing activity of fractions confirmed identified compounds and further revealed the presence of other unknown active chemicals. This study is one of the first to report environmental contamination by such chemicals; their possible contribution to in situ effects on fish at the same site is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Creusot
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, Parc ALATA, BP2, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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Overturf MD, Overturf CL, Carty DR, Hala D, Huggett DB. Levonorgestrel exposure to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) alters survival, growth, steroidogenic gene expression and hormone production. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 148:152-161. [PMID: 24503577 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Human pharmaceuticals are commonly detected in the environment. Concern over these compounds in the environment center around the potential for pharmaceuticals to interfere with the endocrine system of aquatic organisms. The main focus of endocrine disruption research has centered on how estrogenic and androgenic compounds interact with the endocrine system to elicit reproductive effects. Other classes of compounds, such as progestins, have been overlooked. Recently, studies have investigated the potential for synthetic progestins to impair reproduction and growth in aquatic organisms. The present study utilizes the OECD 210 Early-life Stage (ELS) study to investigate the impacts levonorgestrel (LNG), a synthetic progestin, on fathead minnow (FHM) survival and growth. After 28 days post-hatch, survival of larval FHM was impacted at 462 ng/L, while growth was significantly reduced at 86.9 ng/L. Further analysis was conducted by measuring specific endocrine related mRNA transcript profiles in FHM larvae following the 28 day ELS exposure to LNG. Transcripts of 3β-HSD, 20β-HSD, CYP17, AR, ERα, and FSH were significantly down-regulated following 28d exposure to 16.3 ng/L LNG, while exposure to 86.9 ng/L significantly down-regulated 3β-HSD, 20β-HSD, CYP19A, and FSH. At 2,392 ng/L of LNG, a significant down-regulation occurred with CYP19A and ERβ transcripts, while mPRα and mPRβ profiles were significantly induced. No significant changes occurred in 11β-HSD, CYP11A, StAR, LHβ, and VTG mRNA expression following LNG exposure. An ex vivo steroidogenesis assay was conducted with sexually mature female FHM following a 7 day exposure 100 ng/L LNG with significant reductions observed in pregnenolone, 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20-DHP), testosterone, and 11-ketotestosterone. Together these data suggest LNG can negatively impact FHM larval survival and growth, with significant alterations in endocrine related responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Overturf
- Department of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
| | - Carmen L Overturf
- Department of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Dennis R Carty
- Department of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - David Hala
- Department of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Duane B Huggett
- Department of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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Manickum T, John W. Occurrence, fate and environmental risk assessment of endocrine disrupting compounds at the wastewater treatment works in Pietermaritzburg (South Africa). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 468-469:584-97. [PMID: 24056449 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormone Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) (natural estrogens (17-β-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), estriol (E3), synthetic estrogen (17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2)), natural androgen (testosterone) (tes) and natural progestogen (progesterone) (pro)) at an activated sludge wastewater works (WWW), were quantitated using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The steroid hormone profile in the adjacent surface water was also determined. Pro was the most abundant (41%, 408 ng/L) in the influent, followed by tes (35%, 343 ng/L) and E2 (12%, 119 ng/L). E1 was the most abundant (35%, 23 ng/L) in effluent, followed by E2 (30%, 20 ng/L) and tes (17%, 11 ng/L). Chemical removal efficiencies of the steroid hormones by the WWW averaged 92%. High removal efficiency was observed for pro (98% ± 2) and tes (96% ± 1), compared to natural (72-100%) and synthetic estrogen (90% ± 3), with biodegradation being the major removal route for pro and tes. The lowest removal for E2 is in spring (65%), and maximum removal is in winter (95%). Natural (E2, E1) and synthetic estrogen (EE2) were major contributors to influent (E2 = 69%) and effluent (E2 = 73%) estrogenic potency. The estrogenic potency removal averaged 85% (range: 73-100). Risk assessment of the steroid hormones present in wastewater effluent, and surface water, indicated that EE2 and E2 pose the highest risk to human health and fish. EE2 was found to be much more resistant to biodegradation, compared to E2, in surface water. Estrone, as the breakdown product of E2 and EE2 in wastewater, appears to be suitable as an indicator of EDCs. The study suggests that a battery of tests: quantitative chemical assay, bioassay for estrogenic activity and risk assessment methods, collectively, are preferred in order to make meaningful, accurate conclusions regarding potential adverse effects of EDCs present in treated wastewater effluent or surface water, to the aquatic environment, human health, and wildlife systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Manickum
- Scientific Services Laboratories: Chemical Sciences, Engineering & Scientific Services Division, Umgeni Water, P O Box 9, Pietermaritzburg 3200, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
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Xu T, Close D, Smartt A, Ripp S, Sayler G. Detection of organic compounds with whole-cell bioluminescent bioassays. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 144:111-51. [PMID: 25084996 PMCID: PMC4597909 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-43385-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural and manmade organic chemicals are widely deposited across a diverse range of ecosystems including air, surface water, groundwater, wastewater, soil, sediment, and marine environments. Some organic compounds, despite their industrial values, are toxic to living organisms and pose significant health risks to humans and wildlife. Detection and monitoring of these organic pollutants in environmental matrices therefore is of great interest and need for remediation and health risk assessment. Although these detections have traditionally been performed using analytical chemical approaches that offer highly sensitive and specific identification of target compounds, these methods require specialized equipment and trained operators, and fail to describe potential bioavailable effects on living organisms. Alternatively, the integration of bioluminescent systems into whole-cell bioreporters presents a new capacity for organic compound detection. These bioreporters are constructed by incorporating reporter genes into catabolic or signaling pathways that are present within living cells and emit a bioluminescent signal that can be detected upon exposure to target chemicals. Although relatively less specific compared to analytical methods, bioluminescent bioassays are more cost-effective, more rapid, can be scaled to higher throughput, and can be designed to report not only the presence but also the bioavailability of target substances. This chapter reviews available bacterial and eukaryotic whole-cell bioreporters for sensing organic pollutants and their applications in a variety of sample matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Dan Close
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Abby Smartt
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Steven Ripp
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USADepartment of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Gary Sayler
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA; Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
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Giusti A, Joaquim-Justo C. Esterification of vertebrate like steroids in molluscs: a target of endocrine disruptors? Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 158:187-98. [PMID: 24004916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of the reproductive organs of gastropod molluscs exposed to pollutants have been reported in natural populations for more than 40 years. In some cases, these impacts have been linked to exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which are known to induce adverse impacts on vertebrates, mainly by direct binding to steroid receptors or by altering hormone synthesis. Investigations on the mechanisms of action of endocrine disruptors in molluscs show that EDCs induce modifications of endogenous titres of androgens (e.g., testosterone, androstenedione) and oestrogens (e.g., 17ß-oestradiol). Alterations of the activity of enzymes related to steroid metabolism (i.e., cytochrome P-450 aromatase, acyltransferases) are also often observed. In bivalves and gastropods, fatty acid esterification of steroids might constitute the major regulation of androgen and oestrogen homeostasis. The present review indicates that metabolism of steroid hormones to fatty acid esters might be a target of synthetic EDCs. Alterations of this process would impact the concentrations of free, potentially bioactive, form of steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Giusti
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Centre of Analytical Research and Technology (CART), Liège University, 15 Allée du 6 août, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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Wang X, Li X, Shi W, Wei S, Giesy JP, Yu H, Wang Y. Docking and CoMSIA studies on steroids and non-steroidal chemicals as androgen receptor ligands. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 89:143-9. [PMID: 23260236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
While some synthetic chemicals have been demonstrated to disrupt normal endocrine function by binding to the androgen receptor (AR), the mechanism by which ligands bind to the ligand binding domain (LBD) remained unclear. In this study, docking and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) were performed to study the AR ligand binding mechanism of steroids and non-steroidal chemicals. The obtained docking conformations and predictive CoMSIA models (r(pred)(2)values as 0.842 and 0.554) indicated the primary interaction site and key residues in the binding process. The major factors influence the binding affinity of steroids and non-steroidal chemicals were electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, respectively. The results indicated that besides amino-acid residues Gln711, Arg752 and Thr877 which have previously been reported to be important in binding ligands, Leu701 and Leu704 are also important. Residues Val746, Met749 and Phe764 are crucial only for steroids, while Met742 and Met787 are important only for non-steroidal chemicals. This knowledge of key interactions and important amino-acid residues governing ligands to the AR allow better prediction of potency of AR agonists so that their potential to disrupt AR-mediated pathways and to design less potent alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
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Guo F, Liu Q, Qu GB, Song SJ, Sun JT, Shi JB, Jiang GB. Simultaneous determination of five estrogens and four androgens in water samples by online solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1281:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Phillips PJ, Chalmers AT, Gray JL, Kolpin DW, Foreman WT, Wall GR. Combined sewer overflows: an environmental source of hormones and wastewater micropollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:5336-43. [PMID: 22540536 PMCID: PMC3352270 DOI: 10.1021/es3001294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Data were collected at a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Burlington, Vermont, USA, (serving 30,000 people) to assess the relative contribution of CSO (combined sewer overflow) bypass flows and treated wastewater effluent to the load of steroid hormones and other wastewater micropollutants (WMPs) from a WWTP to a lake. Flow-weighted composite samples were collected over a 13 month period at this WWTP from CSO bypass flows or plant influent flows (n = 28) and treated effluent discharges (n = 22). Although CSO discharges represent 10% of the total annual water discharge (CSO plus treated plant effluent discharges) from the WWTP, CSO discharges contribute 40-90% of the annual load for hormones and WMPs with high (>90%) wastewater treatment removal efficiency. By contrast, compounds with low removal efficiencies (<90%) have less than 10% of annual load contributed by CSO discharges. Concentrations of estrogens, androgens, and WMPs generally are 10 times higher in CSO discharges compared to treated wastewater discharges. Compound concentrations in samples of CSO discharges generally decrease with increasing flow because of wastewater dilution by rainfall runoff. By contrast, concentrations of hormones and many WMPs in samples from treated discharges can increase with increasing flow due to decreasing removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Phillips
- US Geological Survey, 425 Jordan Road, Troy, New York 12180, United States.
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