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Enye LA, Edem EE, Onyeogaziri LI, Yusuf A, Ikpade BO, Ikuelogbon DA, Kunlere OE, Adedokun MA. Tiger nut/coconut dietary intervention as antidotal nutritional remediation strategy against neurobehavioural deficits following organophosphate-induced gut-brain axis dysregulation in mice. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:23-40. [PMID: 38193024 PMCID: PMC10772296 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Organophosphate poisoning remains a global health crisis without efficacious treatments to prevent neurotoxicity. We examined whether antidotal tiger nut and coconut dietary intervention could ameliorate neurobehavioral deficits from organophosphate dichlorvos-induced gut-brain axis dysregulation in a mouse model. Mice were divided into groups given control diet, dichlorvos-contaminated diets, or dichlorvos plus nut-enriched diets. They were exposed to a DDVP-contaminated diet for 4 weeks before exposure to the treatment diets for another 8 weeks. This was followed by behavioural assessments for cognitive, motor, anxiety-, and depressive-like behaviours. Faecal samples (pre- and post-treatment), as well as blood, brain, and gut tissues, were collected for biochemical assessments following euthanasia. Dichlorvos-exposed mice displayed impairments in cognition, motor function, and mood along with disrupted inflammatory and antioxidant responses, neurotrophic factor levels, and acetylcholinesterase activity in brain and intestinal tissues. Weight loss and altered short-chain fatty acid levels additionally indicated gut dysfunction. However, intervention with tiger nut and/or coconut- enriched diet after dichlorvos exposure attenuated these neurobehavioral, and biochemical alterations. Our findings demonstrate organophosphate-induced communication disruptions between the gut and brain pathways that manifest in neuropsychiatric disturbances. Overall, incorporating fibre-rich nuts may represent an antidotal dietary strategy to reduce neurotoxicity and prevent brain disorders associated with organophosphate poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Anderson Enye
- Stress & Neuroimmunology Group, Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Edem Ekpenyong Edem
- Stress & Neuroimmunology Group, Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Lydia Ijeoma Onyeogaziri
- Stress & Neuroimmunology Group, Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Yusuf
- Stress & Neuroimmunology Group, Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Bliss Oluwafunmi Ikpade
- Stress & Neuroimmunology Group, Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | | | - Oladunni Eunice Kunlere
- Stress & Neuroimmunology Group, Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Mujeeb Adekunle Adedokun
- Stress & Neuroimmunology Group, Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Santamarina AB, de Freitas JA, Franco LAM, Nehmi-Filho V, Fonseca JV, Martins RC, Turri JA, da Silva BFRB, Fugi BEI, da Fonseca SS, Gusmão AF, Olivieri EHR, de Souza E, Costa S, Sabino EC, Otoch JP, Pessoa AFM. Nutraceutical blends predict enhanced health via microbiota reshaping improving cytokines and life quality: a Brazilian double-blind randomized trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11127. [PMID: 38750102 PMCID: PMC11096337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutraceutical interventions supporting microbiota and eliciting clinical improvements in metabolic diseases have grown significantly. Chronic stress, gut dysbiosis, and metainflammation have emerged as key factors intertwined with sleep disorders, consequently exacerbating the decline in quality of life. This study aimed to assess the effects of two nutraceutical formulations containing prebiotics (fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), yeast β-glucans), minerals (Mg, Se, Zn), and the herbal medicine Silybum marianum L. Gaertn., Asteraceae (Milk thistle or Silymarin). These formulations, namely NSupple (without silymarin) and NSupple_Silybum (with silymarin) were tested over 180 days in overweight/obese volunteers from Brazil's southeastern region. We accessed fecal gut microbiota by partial 16S rRNA sequences; cytokines expression by CBA; anthropometrics, quality of life and sleep, as well as metabolic and hormonal parameters, at baseline (T0) and 180 days (T180) post-supplementation. Results demonstrated gut microbiota reshaping at phyla, genera, and species level post-supplementation. The Bacteroidetes phylum, Bacteroides, and Prevotella genera were positively modulated especially in the NSupple_Silybum group. Gut microbiota modulation was associated with improved sleep patterns, quality-of-life perception, cytokines expression, and anthropometric parameters post-supplementation. Our findings suggest that the nutraceutical blends positively enhance cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers. Particularly, NSupple_Silybum modulated microbiota composition, underscoring its potential significance in ameliorating metabolic dysregulation. Clinical trial registry number: NCT04810572. 23/03/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Boveto Santamarina
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
- Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Efeom Nutrição S/A, São Paulo, SP, 03317000, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Alves de Freitas
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
- Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Efeom Nutrição S/A, São Paulo, SP, 03317000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Augusto Moyses Franco
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica (LIM-46), Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Victor Nehmi-Filho
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
- Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Efeom Nutrição S/A, São Paulo, SP, 03317000, Brazil
| | - Joyce Vanessa Fonseca
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Protozoologia, Bacteriologia e Resistência Antimicrobiana (LIM-49)Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Roberta Cristina Martins
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica (LIM-46), Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - José Antônio Turri
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Economia da Saúde, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fernanda Rio Branco da Silva
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar em Fisiologia e Exercício, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Emi Itikawa Fugi
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
- Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246904, Brazil
| | - Sumaia Sobral da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
- Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246904, Brazil
| | - Arianne Fagotti Gusmão
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, 01508-010, Brazil
| | | | - Erica de Souza
- Ambulatório Monte Azul, São Paulo, SP, 05801-110, Brazil
| | - Silvia Costa
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Protozoologia, Bacteriologia e Resistência Antimicrobiana (LIM-49)Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica (LIM-46), Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - José Pinhata Otoch
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil
- Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Efeom Nutrição S/A, São Paulo, SP, 03317000, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Marçal Pessoa
- Laboratório de Produtos e Derivados Naturais, Laboratório de Investigação Médica-26 (LIM-26), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246903, Brazil.
- Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Efeom Nutrição S/A, São Paulo, SP, 03317000, Brazil.
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Dong J, Wang W, Zheng G, Wu N, Xie J, Xiong S, Tian P, Li J. In vitro digestion and fermentation behaviors of polysaccharides from Choerospondias axillaris fruit and its effect on human gut microbiota. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100760. [PMID: 38764977 PMCID: PMC11098719 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Choerospondias axillaris fruit has attracted more and more attention due to its various pharmacological activities, which are rich in polysaccharides. This study investigated the in vitro saliva-gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation behaviors of polysaccharides from Choerospondias axillaris fruit (CAP), as well as its impact on human gut microbiota. The results showed that CAP could be partially degraded during the gastrointestinal digestion. The FT-IR spectra of the digested CAP didn't change significantly, however, the morphological feature of SEM changed to disordered flocculent and rod-like structures. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis found that after in vitro fermentation, CAP could increase the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria including Megasphaera, Megamonas and Bifidobacterium to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), while it can also reduce the abundances of harmful bacteria of Collinsella, Gemmiger, Klebsiella and Citrobacter, suggesting that CAP could modulate the composition and abundance of gut microbiota. These results implied that CAP can be developed as a potential prebiotic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjiao Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Nansheng Wu
- Choerospondias Axillaris Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Shiyi Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | | | - Jingen Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
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Borrego-Ruiz A, Borrego JJ. Human gut microbiome, diet, and mental disorders. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00518-6. [PMID: 38561477 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Diet is one of the most important external factor shaping the composition and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host health, including immune system development, nutrients metabolism, and the synthesis of bioactive molecules. In addition, the gut microbiome has been described as critical for the development of several mental disorders. Nutritional psychiatry is an emerging field of research that may provide a link between diet, microbial function, and brain health. In this study, we have reviewed the influence of different diet types, such as Western, Mediterranean, vegetarian, and ketogenic, on the gut microbiota composition and function, and their implication in various neuropsychiatric and psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Borrego
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina BIONAND, Málaga, Spain.
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Pan Y, Bu T, Deng X, Jia J, Yuan G. Gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on the gut-brain axis. Endocrine 2024; 84:1-15. [PMID: 38227168 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become one of the most serious public healthcare challenges, contributing to increased mortality and disability. In the past decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of T2DM. Mounting evidence suggested that gut microbiota (GM) plays a significant role in the development of T2DM. Communication between the GM and the brain is a complex bidirectional connection, known as the "gut-brain axis," via the nervous, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. Gut-brain axis has an essential impact on various physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, food intake, gut motility, etc. In this review, we provide an outline of the gut-brain axis. We also highlight how the dysbiosis of the gut-brain axis affects glucose homeostasis and even results in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Bu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jue Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Wei K, Lin S, Yang J, Li C. Dietary Habits and Depression in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Moderating Role of Physical Exercise. Nutrients 2024; 16:740. [PMID: 38474868 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy diets and physical exercise, two modifiable lifestyle factors, are protective against depression in older adults. This study aimed to investigate whether physical exercise may influence the associations of dietary habits with depression in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS In the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 12,708 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were included for analyses. Older adults' dietary habits (including daily intake of food components such as fruits, vegetables, animal oil, and so on) and physical exercise were assessed. Depression was evaluated via the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D-10) scale. The influences of physical exercise on the associations of dietary habits with depression were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Older adults who took physical exercise had a significantly decreased probability of depression (adjusted OR = 0.73, p < 0.001). As for dietary habits, the intake of fruits, vegetables, eggs, nut products, mushrooms or algae, and vitamins were inversely associated with the prevalence of depression (adjusted ORs = 0.61-0.81; p-values: from <0.001 to 0.025), while animal oil was positively associated with it (adjusted OR = 1.52, p < 0.001). When stratified by physical exercise, older adults who ate fruits or vegetables had consistent decreased risk of depression, no matter whether they took physical exercise or not (adjusted ORs = 0.52-0.70), while the intake of eggs, nut products, and vitamins were inversely associated, and animal oil was consistently positively associated with depression only in older adults who did not take physical exercise (adjusted ORs = 0.79, 0.68, 0.63, and 1.67, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Physical exercise may conceal the potential protective effects of some healthy dietary habits in terms of depression and counteract the detrimental effects of the unhealthy habits. Some dietary habits may be considered as alternative protective measures for depression in community-dwelling older adults when physical exercise cannot be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Shaohui Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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Jacquier EF, van de Wouw M, Nekrasov E, Contractor N, Kassis A, Marcu D. Local and Systemic Effects of Bioactive Food Ingredients: Is There a Role for Functional Foods to Prime the Gut for Resilience? Foods 2024; 13:739. [PMID: 38472851 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific advancements in understanding the impact of bioactive components in foods on the gut microbiota and wider physiology create opportunities for designing targeted functional foods. The selection of bioactive ingredients with potential local or systemic effects holds promise for influencing overall well-being. An abundance of studies demonstrate that gut microbiota show compositional changes that correlate age and disease. However, navigating this field, especially for non-experts, remains challenging, given the abundance of bioactive ingredients with varying levels of scientific substantiation. This narrative review addresses the current knowledge on the potential impact of the gut microbiota on host health, emphasizing gut microbiota resilience. It explores evidence related to the extensive gut health benefits of popular dietary components and bioactive ingredients, such as phytochemicals, fermented greens, fibres, prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics. Importantly, this review distinguishes between the potential local and systemic effects of both popular and emerging ingredients. Additionally, it highlights how dietary hormesis promotes gut microbiota resilience, fostering better adaptation to stress-a hallmark of health. By integrating examples of bioactives, this review provides insights to guide the design of evidence-based functional foods aimed at priming the gut for resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcel van de Wouw
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | | | | | - Amira Kassis
- Neat Science, 1618 Chatel-Saint-Denis, Switzerland
| | - Diana Marcu
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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Knight RO, Cedillo YE, Judd SE, Baker EH, Frugé AD, Moellering DR. A cross-sectional study observing the association of psychosocial stress and dietary intake with gut microbiota genera and alpha diversity among a young adult cohort of black and white women in Birmingham, Alabama. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:142. [PMID: 38402148 PMCID: PMC10894488 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-02968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between psychosocial stress and diet with gut microbiota composition and diversity deserve ongoing investigation. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations of psychosocial stress measures and dietary variables with gut microbiota genera abundance and alpha diversity among young adult, black and white females. The secondary aim was to explore mediators of psychosocial stress and gut microbiota diversity and abundance. METHODS Data on 60 females who self-identified as African American (AA; n = 29) or European American (EA; n = 31) aged 21-45 years were included. Cortisol was measured in hair and saliva, and 16S analysis of stool samples were conducted. Discrimination experiences (recent and lifetime), perceived stress, and depression were evaluated based on validated instruments. Spearman correlations were performed to evaluate the influence of psychosocial stressors, cortisol measures, and dietary variables on gut microbiota genus abundance and alpha diversity measured by amplicon sequence variant (ASV) count. Mediation analyses assessed the role of select dietary variables and cortisol measures on the associations between psychosocial stress, Alistipes and Blautia abundance, and ASV count. RESULTS AA females were found to have significantly lower ASV count and Blautia abundance. Results for the spearman correlations assessing the influence of psychosocial stress and dietary variables on gut microbiota abundance and ASV count were varied. Finally, diet nor cortisol was found to partially or fully mediate the associations between subjective stress measures, ASV count, and Alistipes and Blautia abundance. CONCLUSION In this cross-sectional study, AA females had lower alpha diversity and Blautia abundance compared to EA females. Some psychosocial stressors and dietary variables were found to be correlated with ASV count and few gut microbiota genera. Larger scale studies are needed to explore the relationships among psychosocial stress, diet and the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel O Knight
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Yenni E Cedillo
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Jayasinghe M, Karunanayake V, Mohtashim A, Caldera D, Mendis P, Prathiraja O, Rashidi F, Damianos JA. The Role of Diet in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e54244. [PMID: 38496157 PMCID: PMC10944297 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that has a significant impact on the general population. The suboptimal medical treatments available for IBS contribute to its large economic burden. The pathophysiology of IBS is complex, and treatments often focus on managing specific symptoms. Many individuals with IBS associate their symptoms with specific food intake, leading to increased scientific research on the role of diet in managing IBS. Dietary management has become a crucial aspect of IBS treatment, with initial recommendations focusing on adopting a healthy eating pattern and lifestyle. This comprehensive review aims to synthesise the current literature on the impact of diet on IBS, exploring various dietary approaches to managing IBS, including the low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet, gluten-free diet, Mediterranean diet, and tritordeum-based diet. It presents evidence from both experimental and observational studies and summarises the underlying dietary triggers in IBS, including gut microbiota dysbiosis, visceral hypersensitivity, and immune activation. In addition, it explores the efficacy and limitations of the key diet and lifestyle recommendations provided by dietary guidelines and scientific literature, highlighting the importance of individualised dietary strategies tailored to the unique needs of different types of IBS patients. By elucidating the complex interplay between diet and IBS pathophysiology, this review provides valuable insights into optimising dietary management approaches for improving symptom control and enhancing the quality of life for individuals with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Piyalka Mendis
- Internal Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, CHN
| | | | | | - John A Damianos
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
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Moszak M, Pelczyńska M, Wesołek A, Stenclik D, Bogdański P. Does gut microbiota affect the success of weight loss? Evidence and speculation. Nutrition 2023; 116:112111. [PMID: 37562188 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic state of excessive fat accumulation in the body, characterized by significant relapse and complicated by a range of health consequences. In the treatment of obesity, a holistic approach including diet, physical activity, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery, and psychological support is recommended. The implications of gut microbiota (GM) as a pathogenic factor in excess body weight have been discussed, and microbial-targeted therapies-including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics-are considered adjuvant in obesity management. Many studies have focused on assessing the effectiveness of probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics in weight control, although with inconclusive results, mainly because of the significant heterogeneity of the studies (with different strains, doses, forms, interventional durations, and outcomes). It is also unclear whether using probiotics or synbiotics accompanied by weight loss dietary interventions or as a part of bariatric surgery will be more effective in obesity management, not only in the short-term but also for long-term weight loss maintenance. The aim of this study was to collect and compare the available scientific data on the effectiveness of probiotic or synbiotic supplementation (as a single therapy versus as part of dietary interventions, pharmacotherapy, or bariatric therapy) on weight control in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Moszak
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Marta Pelczyńska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wesołek
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dominika Stenclik
- Student Scientific Club of Clinical Dietetics, Department of the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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11
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Arepally D, Sudharshan Reddy R, Coorey R, Goswami TK. Modelling inactivation kinetics of free and encapsulated probiotic cells in millet biscuit under different baking conditions. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113573. [PMID: 37986522 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The rising popularity of probiotic food in the diet for improved health benefits leads to the development of new probiotic functional foods. In general, biscuit is a long-shelf-life snack product that can be consumed straight from the pack without further processing. Although the development of probiotic bakery products is an innovative approach to market expansion, the infusion of probiotics in biscuits to produce probiotic biscuits has not been explored because of the complexity of the baking process. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of baking conditions (160, 180, 200, and 220 °C) on the viability of free and encapsulated probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC 016 cells by adding them into biscuit dough separately and baking for up to 600 sec. The cells were encapsulated using 20 % maltodextrin and 8.51 % gum arabic as a wall material and spray drying at an inlet and outlet air temperature of 150 and 55 ± 2 °C, respectively. At different baking temperatures (160, 180, 200, and 220 °C), the viability of probiotic (free and encapsulated) cells, the physicochemical properties of biscuits, and the inactivation kinetics of cells were examined by withdrawing samples every 120 sec. The survivability of encapsulated cells was observed to be higher than free cells at 160 and 180 °C for 600 sec. The moisture content and water activity were found to be higher and lower, respectively for encapsulated probiotic biscuits than for the biscuit containing free cells. The observed results of higher cell viability at 200 °C, 360 sec (5.38 log CFU/g) than at 180 °C, 600 sec (5.02 log CFU/g) can be explained by the time-temperature combination. Thus, producing the probiotic biscuit at baking conditions of 200 °C and 360 min is possible, providing the cell viability of 5 log CFU/g of probiotic biscuit. Further, the inactivation kinetics of cells were predicted by log-linear, Weibull, log-logistic, Gompertz, and Buchanan models. Under all baking conditions, the log-linear model was the best model for describing the data of encapsulated and free cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyasree Arepally
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia; Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721 302, India
| | - Ravula Sudharshan Reddy
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721 302, India
| | - Ranil Coorey
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Tridib Kumar Goswami
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721 302, India.
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12
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Basri R, Alruwaili M, AlRuwaili R, Mohammad Albarrak A, Ali NH. Impact of Nutritional Interventions on Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e49467. [PMID: 38152793 PMCID: PMC10751620 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent type of dementia, especially in older persons, is Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has clinical signs of progressive cognitive decline and functional impairment. However, new research indicates that AD patients' dietary patterns and nutritional intake could hold the key to staving off some of the complications. Therefore, the primary aim of this investigation was to analyze various dietary patterns and the subsequent impact of the resulting nutritional intake on AD patients. Various online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were searched using appropriate keywords, reference searches, and citation searches. The databases were accessed using the search phrases "Alzheimer's disease," "dietary habits," "minerals," "nutritional profile," and "vitamins." Fifteen of the 21 investigations that we selected for our systematic review and subsequent meta-analysis revealed that micronutrient supplementation and some dietary patterns were helpful in alleviating a few of the symptoms of AD, especially with regard to the progression of dementia in the assessed patients. It was shown that dietary interventions and nutritional adjustments can considerably delay the onset of AD and the varying degrees of dementia that often accompany it. However, there were some areas of ambiguity in our findings because a few of the chosen studies did not document any noticeable improvements in the patient's conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Basri
- Department of Internal Medicine/Neurology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, SAU
| | - Mubarak Alruwaili
- Department of Internal Medicine/Neurology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, SAU
| | - Raed AlRuwaili
- Department of Internal Medicine/Neurology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, SAU
| | - Anas Mohammad Albarrak
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, SAU
| | - Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, SAU
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13
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de Souza Lopes A, Elisabete Costa Antunes A, Idelça Aires Machado K, Sartoratto A, Cristina Teixeira Duarte M. The impact of antimicrobial food additives and sweeteners on the growth and metabolite production of gut bacteria. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:813-821. [PMID: 37480433 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders caused by the imbalance of gut microbiota have been associated with the consumption of processed foods. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of antimicrobial food additives (benzoate, sorbate, nitrite, and bisulfite) and sweeteners (saccharin, stevia, sucralose, aspartame, and cyclamate) on the growth and metabolism of some gut and potentially probiotic bacterial species. The effects on the growth of Bifidobacterium longum, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis cultures were investigated using a turbidimetric test and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). To evaluate the metabolic activity, the cultures were exposed to compounds with the highest antimicrobial activity, subjected to cultivation with inulin (1.5%), and analyzed by liquid chromatography for the production of short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate). The results showed that potassium sorbate (25 mg/mL), sodium bisulfite (0.7 mg/mL), sodium benzoate, and saccharin (5 mg/mL) presented greater antimicrobial activity against the studied species. L. lactis and L. acidophilus bacteria had reduced short-chain fatty acid production after exposure to saccharin and sorbate, and B. longum after exposure to sorbate, in comparison to controls (acetic acid reduction 1387 μg/mL and propionic 23 μg/mL p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline de Souza Lopes
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, School of Food Engineering, Microbiological Analysis Laboratory, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, ZIP Code: 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Karla Idelça Aires Machado
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí (IFPI), Portal Dos Cerrados, ZIP Code, PI-247, Uruçui, PI, 64860-000, Brazil
| | - Adilson Sartoratto
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemical Division, Pluridisciplinary Center for Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Research, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Alexandre Cazellato, 999, SP, 13148-218,, Paulinia, Brazil
| | - Marta Cristina Teixeira Duarte
- Microbiology Division, Pluridisciplinary Center for Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Research, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Alexandre Cazellato, 999, SP, ZIP code 13148-218,, Paulinia, Brazil
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14
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Świder O, Roszko MŁ, Wójcicki M. The inhibitory effects of plant additives on biogenic amine formation in fermented foods - a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-26. [PMID: 37724793 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2258964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Fermented food has unique properties and high nutritional value, and thus, should constitute a basic element of a balanced and health-promoting diet. However, it can accumulate considerable amount of biogenic amines (BAs), which ingested in excess can lead to adverse health effects. The application of plant-derived additives represents a promising strategy to ensure safety or enhance the functional and organoleptic properties of fermented food. This review summarizes currently available data on the application of plant-origin additives with the aim to reduce BA content in fermented products. The importance of ensuring fermented food safety has been highlighted considering the growing evidence of beneficial effects resulting from the consumption of this type of food, as well as the increasing number of individuals sensitive to BAs. The examined plant-origin additives reduced the BA concentration to varying degrees, and their efficacy depended on the type of additive, matrix, autochthonous, and inoculated microorganisms, as well as the manufacturing conditions. The main mechanisms of action include antimicrobial effects and the inhibition of microbial decarboxylases. Further research on the optimization of bioactive substances extraction, standardization of their chemical composition, and development of detailed procedures for its use in fermented products manufacturing are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Świder
- Department of Food Safety and Chemical Analysis, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Łukasz Roszko
- Department of Food Safety and Chemical Analysis, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Wójcicki
- Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Magzal F, Turroni S, Fabbrini M, Barone M, Vitman Schorr A, Ofran A, Tamir S. A personalized diet intervention improves depression symptoms and changes microbiota and metabolite profiles among community-dwelling older adults. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1234549. [PMID: 37794974 PMCID: PMC10547149 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1234549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The impact of diet on mental well-being and gut microorganisms in humans is well recognized. However, research on the connections between food nutrients, gut microbiota, and mental health remains limited. To address this, the present study aimed to assess the effects of a personalized diet, based on individual needs and aligned with the Mediterranean diet principles, on depression symptoms, quality of life, nutritional intake, and gut microbiota changes among older adults living in the community. Methods The intervention involved regular visits from a registered dietitian, who provided tailored dietary recommendations. During the 6-month study, participants completed questionnaires to evaluate their depression levels, quality of life, and dietary habits. Additionally, they provided stool samples for analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites. Results The results demonstrated that the personalized dietary intervention reduced depression symptoms and improved the quality of life among older adults. Furthermore, significant changes in the intake of certain nutrients, such as folate, lutein, zeaxanthin, EPA, and DHA, were observed following the intervention. Moreover, the intervention was associated with increased diversity in the gut microbiome and reduced total short-chain fatty acids, the main metabolites produced by gut microorganisms. The study also revealed correlations between food nutrients, gut microbiota, and mental health parameters. Discussion In conclusion, this research highlights the potential advantages of personalized dietary interventions in managing depression and enhancing overall well-being among older populations. It also sheds light on the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in these effects. The findings offer valuable insights into the significance of nutrition and gut health for mental well-being in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiga Magzal
- Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Nutrition, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Fabbrini
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Snait Tamir
- Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Nutrition, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
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16
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Shi R, Huang C, Gao Y, Li X, Zhang C, Li M. Gut microbiota axis: potential target of phytochemicals from plant-based foods. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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17
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Knight R, Cedillo Y, Judd S, Baker E, Fruge A, Moellering D. A cross-sectional study observing the association of psychosocial stress and dietary intake with gut microbiota genera and alpha diversity among a young adult cohort of black and white women in Birmingham, Alabama. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3146763. [PMID: 37609244 PMCID: PMC10441481 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3146763/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Background The relationships between psychosocial stress and diet with gut microbiota composition and diversity deserve ongoing investigation. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations of psychosocial stress measures and dietary variables with gut microbiota genera abundance and alpha diversity among young adult, black and white females. The secondary aim was to explore mediators of psychosocial stress and gut microbiota diversity and abundance. Methods Data on 60 females who self-identified as African American (AA; n = 29) or European American (EA; n = 31) aged 21-45 years were included. Cortisol was measured in hair and saliva, and 16S analysis of stool samples were conducted. Discrimination experiences (recent and lifetime), perceived stress, and depression were evaluated based on validated instruments. Spearman correlations were performed to evaluate the influence of psychosocial stressors, cortisol measures, and dietary variables on gut microbiota genus abundance and alpha diversity measured by amplicon sequence variant(ASV) count. Mediation analyses assessed the mediating role of select dietary variables and cortisol measures on the associations between psychosocial stress, Alistipes and Blautia abundance, and ASV count. Results AA females were found to have significantly lower ASV count and Blautia abundance. Results for the spearman correlations assessing the influence of psychosocial stress and dietary variables on gut microbiota abundance and ASV count were varied. Finally, diet nor cortisol was found to partially or fully mediate the associations between subjective stress measures, ASV count, and Alistipes and Blautia abundance. Conclusion In this cross-sectional study, AA females had lower alpha diversity and Blautia abundance compared to EA females. Some psychosocial stressors and dietary variables were found to be correlated with ASV count and few gut microbiota genera. Larger scale studies are needed to explore the relationships among psychosocial stress, diet and the gut microbiome.
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18
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Dalziel JE, Zobel G, Dewhurst H, Hurst C, Olson T, Rodriguez-Sanchez R, Mace L, Parkar N, Thum C, Hannaford R, Fraser K, MacGibbon A, Bassett SA, Dekker J, Anderson RC, Young W. A Diet Enriched with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Milk Fat Globule Membrane Alters the Gut Microbiota and Decreases Amygdala GABA a Receptor Expression in Stress-Sensitive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10433. [PMID: 37445611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain signalling pathways involved in subclinical anxiety and depressed mood can be modulated via the gut brain axis (GBA), providing the potential for diet and dietary components to affect mood. We investigated behavioural, physiological and gut microbiome responses to the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strain HN001 (LactoB HN001™), which has been shown to reduce postpartum anxiety and depression, and a milk fat globule membrane-enriched product, Lipid 70 (SurestartTM MFGM Lipid 70), which has been implicated in memory in stress-susceptible Wistar Kyoto rats. We examined behaviour in the open field, elevated plus maze and novel object recognition tests in conjunction with the expression of host genes in neuro-signalling pathways, and we also assessed brain lipidomics. Treatment-induced alterations in the caecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles were also assessed. Neither ingredient induced behavioural changes or altered the brain lipidome (separately or when combined). However, with regard to brain gene expression, the L. rhamnosus HN001 + Lipid 70 combination produced a synergistic effect, reducing GABAA subunit expression in the amygdala (Gabre, Gat3, Gabrg1) and hippocampus (Gabrd). Treatment with L. rhamnosus HN001 alone altered expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (Grm4) in the amygdala but produced only minor changes in gut microbiota composition. In contrast, Lipid 70 alone did not alter brain gene expression but produced a significant shift in the gut microbiota profile. Under the conditions used, there was no observed effect on rat behaviour for the ingredient combination. However, the enhancement of brain gene expression by L. rhamnosus HN001 + Lipid 70 implicates synergistic actions on region-specific neural pathways associated with fear, anxiety, depression and memory. A significant shift in the gut microbiota profile also occurred that was mainly attributable to Lipid 70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Dalziel
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Gosia Zobel
- Ethical Agriculture, AgResearch, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Hilary Dewhurst
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Charlotte Hurst
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Trent Olson
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | | | - Louise Mace
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nabil Parkar
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Thum
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Rina Hannaford
- Digital Agriculture, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Alastair MacGibbon
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre Co., Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Shalome A Bassett
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre Co., Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - James Dekker
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre Co., Ltd., Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Rachel C Anderson
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- Smart Foods & Bioproducts, AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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19
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Olvera-Rosales LB, Pérez-Escalante E, Castañeda-Ovando A, Contreras-López E, Cruz-Guerrero AE, Regal-López P, Cardelle-Cobas A, González-Olivares LG. ACE-Inhibitory Activity of Whey Proteins Fractions Derived of Fermentation by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Streptococcus thermophilus SY-102. Foods 2023; 12:2416. [PMID: 37372627 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have reported the benefits of probiotic microorganisms and the production of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Determining the proteolytic and ACE inhibition capacities during whey fermentation was the goal of the study. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, Streptococcus thermophilus SY-102, and both bacteria together were initially inoculated into whey, reaching an initial concentration of 108 CFU per milliliter in each fermentation system. Through the use of TNBS, SDS-PAGE, and SEC-HPLC methods, the proteolytic profile was examined. An in vitro investigation was performed to test the ACE inhibition capacity. With S. thermophilus, the logarithmic phase of microbial development was shorter than with L. rhamnosus (6 and 12 h, respectively). The logarithmic phase in the co-culture fermentation, however, was extended to 24 h. There were no significant differences in pH between the fermentations. However, the co-culture had a greater concentration of protein hydrolysis (453 ± 0.06 μg/mL), as indicated by the amount of free amino groups. Similarly, this fermentation produced more low molecular weight peptides. The higher inhibition activity, which increased at the conclusion of the fermentation with the co-culture and reached 53.42%, was influenced by the higher peptide synthesis. These findings highlighted the significance of creating useful co-culture products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Berenice Olvera-Rosales
- Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo 420390, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Pérez-Escalante
- Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo 420390, Mexico
| | - Araceli Castañeda-Ovando
- Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo 420390, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Contreras-López
- Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo 420390, Mexico
| | - Alma Elizabeth Cruz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Unidad Iztapalapa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
| | - Patricia Regal-López
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Campus Terra, Universidade da Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Alejandra Cardelle-Cobas
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Campus Terra, Universidade da Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Luis Guillermo González-Olivares
- Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo 420390, Mexico
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20
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Montagnani M, Bottalico L, Potenza MA, Charitos IA, Topi S, Colella M, Santacroce L. The Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Nervous System: A Bidirectional Interaction between Microorganisms and Metabolome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10322. [PMID: 37373470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the gut microbiota influences behavior and, in turn, changes in the immune system associated with symptoms of depression or anxiety disorder may be mirrored by corresponding changes in the gut microbiota. Although the composition/function of the intestinal microbiota appears to affect the central nervous system (CNS) activities through multiple mechanisms, accurate epidemiological evidence that clearly explains the connection between the CNS pathology and the intestinal dysbiosis is not yet available. The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a separate branch of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the largest part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). It is composed of a vast and complex network of neurons which communicate via several neuromodulators and neurotransmitters, like those found in the CNS. Interestingly, despite its tight connections to both the PNS and ANS, the ENS is also capable of some independent activities. This concept, together with the suggested role played by intestinal microorganisms and the metabolome in the onset and progression of CNS neurological (neurodegenerative, autoimmune) and psychopathological (depression, anxiety disorders, autism) diseases, explains the large number of investigations exploring the functional role and the physiopathological implications of the gut microbiota/brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Montagnani
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- School of Technical Medical Sciences, "Alexander Xhuvani" University of Elbasan, 3001-3006 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Maria Assunta Potenza
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Division, Maugeri Clinical Scientific Research Institutes (IRCCS), 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Skender Topi
- School of Technical Medical Sciences, "Alexander Xhuvani" University of Elbasan, 3001-3006 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Marica Colella
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
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21
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Elechi JOG, Sirianni R, Conforti FL, Cione E, Pellegrino M. Food System Transformation and Gut Microbiota Transition: Evidence on Advancing Obesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Cancers-A Narrative Review. Foods 2023; 12:2286. [PMID: 37372497 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Food, a vital component of our daily life, is fundamental to our health and well-being, and the knowledge and practices relating to food have been passed down from countless generations of ancestors. Systems may be used to describe this extremely extensive and varied body of agricultural and gastronomic knowledge that has been gathered via evolutionary processes. The gut microbiota also underwent changes as the food system did, and these alterations had a variety of effects on human health. In recent decades, the gut microbiome has gained attention due to its health benefits as well as its pathological effects on human health. Many studies have shown that a person's gut microbiota partially determines the nutritional value of food and that diet, in turn, shapes both the microbiota and the microbiome. The current narrative review aims to explain how changes in the food system over time affect the makeup and evolution of the gut microbiota, advancing obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. After a brief discussion of the food system's variety and the gut microbiota's functions, we concentrate on the relationship between the evolution of food system transformation and gut microbiota system transition linked to the increase of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Finally, we also describe sustainable food system transformation strategies to ensure healthy microbiota composition recovery and maintain the host gut barrier and immune functions to reverse advancing NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Okoro Godwin Elechi
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Rosa Sirianni
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Luisa Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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22
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Noor J, Chaudhry A, Batool S, Noor R, Fatima G. Exploring the Impact of the Gut Microbiome on Obesity and Weight Loss: A Review Article. Cureus 2023; 15:e40948. [PMID: 37503494 PMCID: PMC10368799 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The global obesity pandemic has prompted efforts to search for novel intervention options, including maximizing the health benefits of certain gut microbes and their metabolic byproducts. Our increased understanding of gut microbiota can potentially lead to revolutionary advancements in weight management and general well-being. We studied the association between gut microbiota and obesity, as well as the possible benefits of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in the prevention and management of obesity in this review. We observed a relationship between the metabolism of nutrients, energy consumption, and gut flora. Numerous mechanisms, including the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids, hormone stimulation, and persistent low-grade inflammation, have been postulated to explain the role of gut bacteria in the etiology of obesity. It has been discovered that the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiome vary in response to various forms of obesity therapy, which raises concerns about the potential impact of these changes on weight loss. According to research, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics may alter the release of hormones, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory factors, thereby diminishing the stimuli of food consumption that lead to weight gain. More clinical research is required to determine the optimal probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation dosages, formulations, and regimens for long-term weight management and to determine how different gastrointestinal microbiome bacterial species may influence weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad Noor
- Internal Medicine, St. Dominic Hospital, Jackson, USA
| | | | - Saima Batool
- Pathology, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK
| | - Riwad Noor
- Medicine/Public Health, Nishtar Hospital, Multan, PAK
| | - Ghulam Fatima
- Internal Medicine, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, PAK
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23
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de Carvalho NM, Oliveira DL, Costa CM, Pintado ME, Madureira AR. Strategies to Assess the Impact of Sustainable Functional Food Ingredients on Gut Microbiota. Foods 2023; 12:2209. [PMID: 37297454 PMCID: PMC10253045 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, it is evident that food ingredients have different roles and distinct health benefits to the consumer. Over the past years, the interest in functional foods, especially those targeting gut health, has grown significantly. The use of industrial byproducts as a source of new functional and sustainable ingredients as a response to such demands has raised interest. However, the properties of these ingredients can be affected once incorporated into different food matrices. Therefore, when searching for the least costly and most suitable, beneficial, and sustainable formulations, it is necessary to understand how such ingredients perform when supplemented in different food matrices and how they impact the host's health. As proposed in this manuscript, the ingredients' properties can be first evaluated using in vitro gastrointestinal tract (GIT) simulation models prior to validation through human clinical trials. In vitro models are powerful tools that mimic the physicochemical and physiological conditions of the GIT, enabling prediction of the potentials of functional ingredients per se and when incorporated into a food matrix. Understanding how newly developed ingredients from undervalued agro-industrial sources behave as supplements supports the development of new and more sustainable functional foods while scientifically backing up health-benefits claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Mota de Carvalho
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (N.M.d.C.); (C.M.C.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Diana Luazi Oliveira
- Research and Innovation Unit—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Célia Maria Costa
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (N.M.d.C.); (C.M.C.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Manuela Estevez Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (N.M.d.C.); (C.M.C.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Ana Raquel Madureira
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (N.M.d.C.); (C.M.C.); (M.E.P.)
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24
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Veres-Székely A, Szász C, Pap D, Szebeni B, Bokrossy P, Vannay Á. Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087548. [PMID: 37108711 PMCID: PMC10139156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dysbiosis and central nervous diseases has been proved in the last 10 years. Microbial alterations cause increased intestinal permeability, and the penetration of bacterial fragment and toxins induces local and systemic inflammatory processes, affecting distant organs, including the brain. Therefore, the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier plays a central role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In this review, we discuss recent findings on zonulin, an important tight junction regulator of intestinal epithelial cells, which is assumed to play a key role in maintaining of the blood-brain barrier function. In addition to focusing on the effect of microbiome on intestinal zonulin release, we also summarize potential pharmaceutical approaches to modulate zonulin-associated pathways with larazotide acetate and other zonulin receptor agonists or antagonists. The present review also addresses the emerging issues, including the use of misleading nomenclature or the unsolved questions about the exact protein sequence of zonulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apor Veres-Székely
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csenge Szász
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domonkos Pap
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szebeni
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Bokrossy
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Vannay
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Burton TC, Lv N, Tsai P, Peñalver Bernabé B, Tussing-Humphreys L, Xiao L, Pandey GN, Wu Y, Ajilore OA, Ma J. Associations between fecal short-chain fatty acids, plasma inflammatory cytokines, and dietary markers with depression and anxiety: Post hoc analysis of the ENGAGE-2 pilot trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:717-730. [PMID: 36796440 PMCID: PMC10273083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiome-gut-brain-axis (MGBA) is emerging as an important mechanistic link between diet and mental health. The role of significant modifiers of the MGBA, including gut microbial metabolites and systemic inflammation, in individuals comorbid with obesity and mental disorders, is under-investigated. OBJECTIVES This exploratory analysis examined associations among microbial metabolites-fecal SCFAs, plasma inflammatory cytokines, and diet with depression and anxiety scores in adults comorbid with obesity and depression. METHODS Stool and blood were obtained from a subsample (n = 34) of participants enrolled in an integrated behavioral intervention for weight loss and depression. Pearson partial correlation and multivariate analyses determined associations among changes in fecal SCFAs (propionic, butyric, acetic, and isovaleric acids), plasma cytokines [C-reactive protein, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), interleukin 6, and TNF-α], and 35 dietary markers over 2 mo, and changes in SCL-20 (Depression Symptom Checklist 20-item) and GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item) scores over 6 mo. RESULTS Changes in the SCFAs and TNF-α at 2 mo were positively associated (standardized coefficients: 0.06-0.40; 0.03-0.34) with changes in depression and anxiety scores at 6 mo, whereas changes in IL-1RA at 2 mo were inversely associated (standardized coefficients: -0.24; -0.05). After 2 mo, changes in 12 dietary markers, including animal protein, were associated with changes in SCFAs, TNF-α, or IL-1RA at 2 mo (standardized coefficients: -0.27 to 0.20). Changes in 11 dietary markers, including animal protein, at 2 mo were associated with changes in depression or anxiety symptom scores at 6 mo (standardized coefficients: -0.24 to 0.20; -0.16 to 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Gut microbial metabolites and systemic inflammation may be biomarkers of importance within the MGBA, linking dietary markers, such as animal protein intake, to depression and anxiety for individuals with comorbid obesity. These findings are exploratory and warrant replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristesse Cj Burton
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nan Lv
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Perry Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Beatriz Peñalver Bernabé
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ghanshyam N Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yichao Wu
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Olusola A Ajilore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Gariballa S, Al-Bluwi GSM, Yasin J. Mechanisms and Effect of Increased Physical Activity on General and Abdominal Obesity and Associated Metabolic Risk Factors in a Community with Very High Rates of General and Abdominal Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040826. [PMID: 37107201 PMCID: PMC10135384 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The growing prevalence of obesity and related type 2 diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions in the UAE. Physical inactivity is one of the possible factors linking obesity to diabetes and other related complications. However, the molecular mechanisms through which physical inactivity is contributing to increased obesity-related pathologies are not clear. Aims: to measure the effects of increased physical activity on obesity and related metabolic risk factors. Materials and Methods: We investigated the effects of physical activity on body weight, waist circumference (WC) and metabolic risk factors in 965 community free-living Emirati subjects. Physical activity, dietary intake, antioxidant enzymes and markers of oxidative damage and inflammation were measured both at baseline and follow up. A validated questionnaire was used to assess occupation and leisure-related physical activity. We compared metabolic risk factors between subjects stratified by physical activity levels. The Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to determine the independent effects of increased physical activity on presence and absence of obesity, body weight and waist circumference (WC) change at follow up. Results: A total of 965 community free-living subjects [801 (83%) females, mean (SD) age 39 ± 12 years] were recruited and followed up with for a period of 427 ± 223 days. Using WHO cut-of-points for body mass index (BMI), 284 (30%) subjects were overweight and 584 (62%) subjects were obese, compared to 69 (8%) at normal body weight. We found men to be more physically active than women at both leisure and work times. BMI, hip circumference, total body fat, HDL and inflammatory markers (us CRP, TNF) were significantly higher in female subjects, whilst fat free-mass, WC, blood pressure and HbA1c were higher in male subjects (p < 0.05). Hypertension and diabetes were more common in male subjects compared to female subjects (p < 0.05). Increased physical activity both at baseline and follow up were associated with decreased BMI, WC and inflammatory markers, including us-CRP and TNF. Increased physical activity was associated with significant decrease in abdominal obesity in female subjects and general obesity in both male and females after adjusting for important prognostic indicators [hazard ratio (95% CI): 0.531 (0.399, 0.707); p < 0.001; 0.475 (0.341, 0.662); p < 0.001 respectively]. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increased physical activity may decrease the risk of obesity and also mitigate the associated oxidative damage and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Gariballa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +97-137-137-659; Fax: +97-137-672-995
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Crost EH, Coletto E, Bell A, Juge N. Ruminococcus gnavus: friend or foe for human health. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad014. [PMID: 37015876 PMCID: PMC10112845 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminococcus gnavus was first identified in 1974 as a strict anaerobe in the gut of healthy individuals, and for several decades, its study has been limited to specific enzymes or bacteriocins. With the advent of metagenomics, R. gnavus has been associated both positively and negatively with an increasing number of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases from inflammatory bowel diseases to neurological disorders. This prompted renewed interest in understanding the adaptation mechanisms of R. gnavus to the gut, and the molecular mediators affecting its association with health and disease. From ca. 250 publications citing R. gnavus since 1990, 94% were published in the last 10 years. In this review, we describe the biological characterization of R. gnavus, its occurrence in the infant and adult gut microbiota and the factors influencing its colonization of the gastrointestinal tract; we also discuss the current state of our knowledge on its role in host health and disease. We highlight gaps in knowledge and discuss the hypothesis that differential health outcomes associated with R. gnavus in the gut are strain and niche specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle H Crost
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Coletto
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Bell
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Juge
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
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28
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Tian J, Wang X, Zhang X, Chen X, Dong M, Rui X, Zhang Q, Jiang M, Li W. Artificial simulated saliva, gastric and intestinal digestion and fermentation in vitro by human gut microbiota of intrapolysaccharide from Paecilomyces cicadae TJJ1213. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Freijy TM, Cribb L, Oliver G, Metri NJ, Opie RS, Jacka FN, Hawrelak JA, Rucklidge JJ, Ng CH, Sarris J. Effects of a high-prebiotic diet versus probiotic supplements versus synbiotics on adult mental health: The "Gut Feelings" randomised controlled trial. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1097278. [PMID: 36815026 PMCID: PMC9940791 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1097278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preliminary evidence supports the use of dietary interventions and gut microbiota-targeted interventions such as probiotic or prebiotic supplementation for improving mental health. We report on the first randomised controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effects of a high-prebiotic dietary intervention and probiotic supplements on mental health. Methods "Gut Feelings" was an 8-week, 2 × 2 factorial RCT of 119 adults with moderate psychological distress and low prebiotic food intake. Treatment arms: (1) probiotic supplement and diet-as-usual (probiotic group); (2) high-prebiotic diet and placebo supplement (prebiotic diet group); (3) probiotic supplement and high-prebiotic diet (synbiotic group); and (4) placebo supplement and diet-as-usual (placebo group). The primary outcome was assessment of total mood disturbance (TMD; Profile of Mood States Short Form) from baseline to 8 weeks. Secondary outcomes included anxiety, depression, stress, sleep, and wellbeing measures. Results A modified intention-to-treat analysis using linear mixed effects models revealed that the prebiotic diet reduced TMD relative to placebo at 8 weeks [Cohen's d = -0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -1.18, -0.03; p = 0.039]. There was no evidence of symptom improvement from the probiotic (d = -0.19, 95% CI = -0.75, 0.38; p = 0.51) or synbiotic treatments (d = -0.03, 95% CI = -0.59, 0.53; p = 0.92). Improved anxiety, stress, and sleep were noted in response to the prebiotic diet while the probiotic tentatively improved wellbeing, relative to placebo. No benefit was found in response to the synbiotic intervention. All treatments were well tolerated with few adverse events. Conclusion A high-prebiotic dietary intervention may improve mood, anxiety, stress, and sleep in adults with moderate psychological distress and low prebiotic intake. A synbiotic combination of high-prebiotic diet and probiotic supplement does not appear to have a beneficial effect on mental health outcomes, though further evidence is required. Results are limited by the relatively small sample size. Clinical trial registration https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=372753, identifier ACTRN12617000795392.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya M. Freijy
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lachlan Cribb
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Georgina Oliver
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Najwa-Joelle Metri
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachelle S. Opie
- IPAN, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Felice N. Jacka
- School of Medicine, Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, OLD, Australia
| | - Jason A. Hawrelak
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia,Human Nutrition and Functional Medicine Department, University of Western States, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Julia J. Rucklidge
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Chee H. Ng
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jerome Sarris
- Professorial Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Jerome Sarris,
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30
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Ambroselli D, Masciulli F, Romano E, Catanzaro G, Besharat ZM, Massari MC, Ferretti E, Migliaccio S, Izzo L, Ritieni A, Grosso M, Formichi C, Dotta F, Frigerio F, Barbiera E, Giusti AM, Ingallina C, Mannina L. New Advances in Metabolic Syndrome, from Prevention to Treatment: The Role of Diet and Food. Nutrients 2023; 15:640. [PMID: 36771347 PMCID: PMC9921449 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The definition of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has undergone several changes over the years due to the difficulty in establishing universal criteria for it. Underlying the disorders related to MetS is almost invariably a pro-inflammatory state related to altered glucose metabolism, which could lead to elevated cardiovascular risk. Indeed, the complications closely related to MetS are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). It has been observed that the predisposition to metabolic syndrome is modulated by complex interactions between human microbiota, genetic factors, and diet. This review provides a summary of the last decade of literature related to three principal aspects of MetS: (i) the syndrome's definition and classification, pathophysiology, and treatment approaches; (ii) prediction and diagnosis underlying the biomarkers identified by means of advanced methodologies (NMR, LC/GC-MS, and LC, LC-MS); and (iii) the role of foods and food components in prevention and/or treatment of MetS, demonstrating a possible role of specific foods intake in the development of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ambroselli
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Masciulli
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Romano
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Catanzaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Chiara Massari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Health Sciences Section, University “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- UNESCO, Health Education and Sustainable Development, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Grosso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Formichi
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Frigerio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Barbiera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giusti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ingallina
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Li X, Liang H, Wu J, Wang J, Sun M, Semiromi D, Liu F, Kang Y. Investigation of herbal plant medicines Baishouwu on the mechanism of the digestion of body: A review. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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32
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Kim IB, Park SC, Kim YK. Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Major Depression: A New Therapeutic Approach. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:209-224. [PMID: 36949312 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Major depression is impacted by the disruption of gut microbiota. Defects in gut microbiota can lead to microbiota-gut-brain axis dysfunction and increased vulnerability to major depression. While traditional chemotherapeutic approaches, such as antidepressant use, produce an overall partial therapeutic effect on depression, the gut microbiome has emerged as an effective target for better therapeutic outcomes. Recent representative studies on the microbiota hypothesis to explore the association between gut pathophysiology and major depression have indicated that restoring gut microbiota and microbiota-gut-brain axis could alleviate depression. We reviewed studies that supported the gut microbiota hypothesis to better understand the pathophysiology of depression; we also explored reports suggesting that gut microbiota restoration is an effective approach for improving depression. These findings indicate that gut microbiota and microbiota-gut-brain axis are appropriate new therapeutic targets for major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Bin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Cheol Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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33
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Jayapala HPS, Lim SY. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Gut Microbiota. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:892-905. [PMID: 35786331 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666220701121025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, studies have reported that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a beneficial role in cardiovascular, immune, cognitive, visual, mental and metabolic health. The mammalian intestine is colonized by microbiota, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, protozoans, and fungi. The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by long-term dietary habits, disease-associated dysbiosis, and the use of antibiotics. Accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between n-3 PUFAs and the gut microbiota. N-3 PUFAs can alter the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiome, and gut microbiota can also affect the metabolism and absorption of n-3 PUFAs. Changes in the populations of certain gut microbiota can lead to negative effects on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic diseases. An imbalanced consumption of n-3/n-6 PUFAs may lead to gut microbial dysbiosis, in particular, a significant increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, which eventually results in being overweight and obesity. N-3 PUFA deficiency disrupts the microbiota community in metabolic disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that the interplay between n-3 PUFAs, gut microbiota, and immune reactions helps to maintain the integrity of the intestinal wall and interacts with host immune cells. Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs may be an effective therapeutic measure to restore gut microbiota homeostasis and correct metabolic disturbances associated with modern chronic diseases. In particular, marine extracts from seaweed contain a considerable dry weight of lipids, including n-3 PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20: 5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22: 6). This review describes how gut microbiota function in intestinal health, how n-3 PUFAs interact with the gut microbiota, and the potential of n-3 PUFAs to influence the gut-brain axis, acting through gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sun Young Lim
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Korea
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Șchiopu CG, Ștefănescu C, Boloș A, Diaconescu S, Gilca-Blanariu GE, Ștefănescu G. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders with Psychiatric Symptoms: Involvement of the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in the Pathophysiology and Case Management. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2199. [PMID: 36363791 PMCID: PMC9694215 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders have been an important cause of poor life quality in affected populations. The unclear etiology and pathophysiological mechanism alter the clinical evolution of the patient. Although a strong connection with psychological stress has been observed, it was not until recently that the gut-brain axis involvement has been revealed. Furthermore, the current literature not only promotes the gut-brain axis modulation as a therapeutical target for functional digestive disorders but also states that the gut microbiome has a main role in this bi-directional mechanism. Psychiatric symptoms are currently recognized as an equally important aspect of the clinical manifestation and modulation of both the digestive and central nervous systems and could be the best approach in restoring the balance. As such, this article proposes a detailed description of the physiology of the microbiome-gut-brain axis, the pathophysiology of the functional gastrointestinal disorders with psychiatric symptoms and current perspectives for therapeutical management, as revealed by the latest studies in the scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gabriela Șchiopu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Cristinel Ștefănescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Alexandra Boloș
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Smaranda Diaconescu
- Medical-Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University “Titu Maiorescu”, 040441 Bucuresti, Romania
| | | | - Gabriela Ștefănescu
- Department of Gastroentereology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania
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Tims S, Marsaux C, Pinto A, Daly A, Karall D, Kuhn M, Santra S, Roeselers G, Knol J, MacDonald A, Scholl-Bürgi S. Altered gut microbiome diversity and function in patients with propionic acidemia. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 137:308-322. [PMID: 36274442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Propionic acidemia (PA) is an inherited metabolic disorder of propionate metabolism, where the gut microbiota may play a role in pathophysiology and therefore, represent a relevant therapeutic target. Little is known about the gut microbiota composition and activity in patients with PA. Although clinical practice varies between metabolic treatment centers, management of PA requires combined dietary and pharmaceutical treatments, both known to affect the gut microbiota. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota and its metabolites in fecal samples of patients with PA compared with healthy controls from the same household. Eight patients (aged 3-14y) and 8 controls (4-31y) were recruited from Center 1 (UK) and 7 patients (11-33y) and 6 controls (15-54y) from Center 2 (Austria). Stool samples were collected 4 times over 3 months, alongside data on dietary intakes and medication usage. Several microbial taxa differed between patients with PA and controls, particularly for Center 1, e.g., Proteobacteria levels were increased, whereas butyrate-producing genera, such as Roseburia and Faecalibacterium, were decreased. Most measured microbial metabolites were lower in patients with PA, and butyrate was particularly depleted in patients from Center 1. Furthermore, microbiota profile of these patients showed the lowest compositional and functional diversity, and lowest stability over 3 months. As the first study to map the gut microbiota of patients with PA, this work represents an important step forward for developing new therapeutic strategies to further improve PA clinical status. New dietary strategies should consider microbial propionate production as well as butyrate production and microbiota stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Tims
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Cyril Marsaux
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Alex Pinto
- Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK.
| | - Anne Daly
- Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK.
| | - Daniela Karall
- Department of Pediatrics I, Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Mirjam Kuhn
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Saikat Santra
- Department of Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK.
| | - Guus Roeselers
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584CT Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708WE Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Anita MacDonald
- Department of Dietetics, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK.
| | - Sabine Scholl-Bürgi
- Department of Pediatrics I, Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Otsuka R. Diet, nutrition, and cognitive function: A narrative review of Japanese longitudinal studies. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:825-831. [PMID: 36002912 PMCID: PMC9805113 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In aging societies, the number of older people with cognitive decline and dementia is increasing. Proper nutrition is a key factor that can help in the prevention of these age-related impairments. This narrative review of longitudinal studies in Japan outlines the relationship between nutrition and the brain and focuses on Japanese nutritional epidemiologic studies. The results of Japanese cohort studies suggest that rather than a single food or nutrient, a nutritionally balanced diet that integrates a variety of foods and nutrients can contribute to the maintenance of brain function and be effective in preventing dementia. In addition, this review considers a nutritional approach to reducing the severity of cognitive decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and suggests lifelong strategies for the prevention of cognitive decline. It is important that we consider the practice of eating not only as a way to obtain nutrients, but also as an important lifestyle habit to maintain our physical and mental health. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 825-831.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Otsuka
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research InstituteNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyAichiJapan
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Zhang N, Peng Y, Zhao L, He P, Zhu J, Liu Y, Liu X, Liu X, Deng G, Zhang Z, Feng M. Integrated Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Lipid Metabolism in Mice Infected with Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100892. [PMID: 36295794 PMCID: PMC9609999 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The disturbance in gut microbiota composition and metabolism has been implicated in the process of pathogenic bacteria infection. However, the characteristics of the microbiota and the metabolic interaction of commensals−host during pathogen invasion remain more than vague. In this study, the potential associations of gut microbes with disturbed lipid metabolism in mice upon carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CRE) infection were explored by the biochemical and multi-omics approaches including metagenomics, metabolomics and lipidomics, and then the key metabolites−reaction−enzyme−gene interaction network was constructed. Results showed that intestinal Erysipelotrichaceae family was strongly associated with the hepatic total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, as well as a few sera and fecal metabolites involved in lipid metabolism such as 24, 25-dihydrolanosterol. A high-coverage lipidomic analysis further demonstrated that a total of 529 lipid molecules was significantly enriched and 520 were depleted in the liver of mice infected with CRE. Among them, 35 lipid species showed high correlations (|r| > 0.8 and p < 0.05) with the Erysipelotrichaceae family, including phosphatidylglycerol (42:2), phosphatidylglycerol (42:3), phosphatidylglycerol (38:5), phosphatidylcholine (42:4), ceramide (d17:1/16:0), ceramide (d18:1/16:0) and diacylglycerol (20:2), with correlation coefficients higher than 0.9. In conclusion, the systematic multi-omics study improved the understanding of the complicated connection between the microbiota and the host during pathogen invasion, which thereby is expected to lead to the future discovery and establishment of novel control strategies for CRE infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Linjing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-6779-1214
| | - Peng He
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutic, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Instrumental Analysis Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xijian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Guoying Deng
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Nursing Department, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Meiqing Feng
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutic, Shanghai 201203, China
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Taniya MA, Chung HJ, Al Mamun A, Alam S, Aziz MA, Emon NU, Islam MM, Hong STS, Podder BR, Ara Mimi A, Aktar Suchi S, Xiao J. Role of Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Therapeutic Regulation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:915701. [PMID: 35937689 PMCID: PMC9355470 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.915701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that affects normal brain development. The recent finding of the microbiota–gut–brain axis indicates the bidirectional connection between our gut and brain, demonstrating that gut microbiota can influence many neurological disorders such as autism. Most autistic patients suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Many studies have shown that early colonization, mode of delivery, and antibiotic usage significantly affect the gut microbiome and the onset of autism. Microbial fermentation of plant-based fiber can produce different types of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that may have a beneficial or detrimental effect on the gut and neurological development of autistic patients. Several comprehensive studies of the gut microbiome and microbiota–gut–brain axis help to understand the mechanism that leads to the onset of neurological disorders and find possible treatments for autism. This review integrates the findings of recent years on the gut microbiota and ASD association, mainly focusing on the characterization of specific microbiota that leads to ASD and addressing potential therapeutic interventions to restore a healthy balance of gut microbiome composition that can treat autism-associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuma Afrin Taniya
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Environment and Life Science, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hea-Jong Chung, ; Jian Xiao,
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Safaet Alam
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seong-T shool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Bristy Rani Podder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anjuman Ara Mimi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Suzia Aktar Suchi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hea-Jong Chung, ; Jian Xiao,
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The effects of probiotics on risk and time preferences. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12152. [PMID: 35840611 PMCID: PMC9287413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models, human neuroimaging and lesion studies revealed that the gut microbiota can influence the interaction between the central and the enteric nervous systems via the gut–brain axis (GBA) and can affect brain regions linked to basic emotional and cognitive processes. The role of the gut microbiota in decision-making in healthy humans thus far remains largely unknown. Our study establishes a functional relationship between the gut microbiota and healthy humans’ decisions that involve risk and time. We conducted a between subjects’ placebo-controlled double-blinded design, with two groups and two sessions separated by 28 days, during which participants received daily doses of probiotics or a placebo. We investigated whether the prolonged and controlled intake of probiotics affects risk-taking behavior and intertemporal choices using incentivized economic tasks. We found a significant decrease in risk-taking behavior and an increase in future-oriented choices in the probiotics group as compared to the placebo group. These findings provide the first direct experimental evidence suggesting a potential functional role on the part of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in decision-making, creating a path for potential clinical applications and allowing for a better understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of risk-taking behavior and intertemporal choices.
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40
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Bidirectional Microbiome-Gut-Brain-Axis Communication Influences Metabolic Switch-Associated Responses in the Mosquito Anopheles culicifacies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111798. [PMID: 35681493 PMCID: PMC9180301 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The periodic ingestion of a protein-rich blood meal by adult female mosquitoes causes a drastic metabolic change in their innate physiological status, which is referred to as a ‘metabolic switch’. While understanding the neural circuits for host-seeking is modestly attended, how the gut ‘metabolic switch’ modulates brain functions, and resilience to physiological homeostasis, remains unexplored. Here, through a comparative brain RNA-Seq study, we demonstrate that the protein-rich diet induces the expression of brain transcripts related to mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, possibly causing a shift in the brain’s engagement to manage organismal homeostasis. A dynamic mRNA expression pattern of neuro-signaling and neuro-modulatory genes in both the gut and brain likely establishes an active gut–brain communication. The disruption of this communication through decapitation does not affect the modulation of the neuro-modulator receptor genes in the gut. In parallel, an unusual and paramount shift in the level of neurotransmitters (NTs), from the brain to the gut after blood feeding, further supports the idea of the gut’s ability to serve as a ‘second brain’. After blood-feeding, a moderate enrichment of the gut microbial population, and altered immunity in the gut of histamine receptor-silenced mosquitoes, provide initial evidence that the gut-microbiome plays a crucial role in gut–brain–axis communication. Finally, a comparative metagenomics evaluation of the gut microbiome highlighted that blood-feeding enriches the family members of the Morganellaceae and Pseudomonadaceae bacterial communities. The notable observation of a rapid proliferation of Pseudomonas bacterial sp. and tryptophan enrichment in the gut correlates with the suppression of appetite after blood-feeding. Additionally, altered NTs dynamics of naïve and aseptic mosquitoes provide further evidence that gut-endosymbionts are key modulators for the synthesis of major neuroactive molecules. Our data establish a new conceptual understanding of microbiome–gut–brain–axis communication in mosquitoes.
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Olvera-Rosales LB, Cruz-Guerrero AE, García-Garibay JM, Gómez-Ruíz LC, Contreras-López E, Guzmán-Rodríguez F, González-Olivares LG. Bioactive peptides of whey: obtaining, activity, mechanism of action, and further applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10351-10381. [PMID: 35612490 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2079113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from diverse food proteins have been part of diverse investigations. Whey is a rich source of proteins and components related to biological activity. It is known that proteins have effects that promote health benefits. Peptides derived from whey proteins are currently widely studied. These bioactive peptides are amino acid sequences that are encrypted within the first structure of proteins, which required hydrolysis for their release. The hydrolysis could be through in vitro or in vivo enzymatic digestion and using microorganisms in fermented systems. The biological activities associated with bio-peptides include immunomodulatory properties, antibacterial, antihypertensive, antioxidant and opioid, etc. These functions are related to general conditions of health or reduced risk of certain chronic illnesses. To determine the suitability of these peptides/ingredients for applications in food technology, clinical studies are required to evaluate their bioavailability, health claims, and safety of them. This review aimed to describe the biological importance of whey proteins according to the incidence in human health, their role as bioactive peptides source, describing methods, and obtaining technics. In addition, the paper exposes biochemical mechanisms during the activity exerted by biopeptides of whey, and their application trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Olvera-Rosales
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - A E Cruz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa. División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Colonia Vicentina, Ciudad de México, México
| | - J M García-Garibay
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa. División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Colonia Vicentina, Ciudad de México, México
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación Lerma de Villada, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Edo. de México, México
| | - L C Gómez-Ruíz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa. División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Colonia Vicentina, Ciudad de México, México
| | - E Contreras-López
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - F Guzmán-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa. División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Colonia Vicentina, Ciudad de México, México
| | - L G González-Olivares
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Área Académica de Química, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
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Belotti Y, Tolomeo S, Yu R, Lim WT, Lim CT. Prognostic Neurotransmitter Receptors Genes Are Associated with Immune Response, Inflammation and Cancer Hallmarks in Brain Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2544. [PMID: 35626148 PMCID: PMC9139273 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer. Neurotransmitters (NTs) have recently been linked with the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells, but the role of NTs in the progression of human gliomas is still largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the genes encoding for neurotransmitter receptors (NTRs) by analyzing public transcriptomic data from GBM and LGG (low-grade glioma) samples. Our results showed that 50 out of the 98 tested NTR genes were dysregulated in brain cancer tissue. Next, we identified and validated NTR-associated prognostic gene signatures for both LGG and GBM. A subset of 10 NTR genes (DRD1, HTR1E, HTR3B, GABRA1, GABRA4, GABRB2, GABRG2, GRIN1, GRM7, and ADRA1B) predicted a positive prognosis in LGG and a negative prognosis in GBM. These genes were progressively downregulated across glioma grades and exhibited a strong negative correlation with genes associated with immune response, inflammasomes, and established cancer hallmarks genes in lower grade gliomas, suggesting a putative role in inhibiting cancer progression. This study might have implications for the development of novel therapeutics and preventive strategies that target regulatory networks associated with the link between the autonomic nervous system, cancer cells, and the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Belotti
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Serenella Tolomeo
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632, Singapore;
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Rongjun Yu
- Department of Management, Hong Kong Baptist University, 34 Renfrew Road, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Wan-Teck Lim
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore;
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
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43
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Meleshko T, Rukavchuk R, Levchuk O, Boyko N. Personalized Nutrition for Microbiota Correction and Metabolism Restore in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1369:1-16. [PMID: 33634376 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases in the world. Recent studies suggest a link between type 2 diabetes and microbiota, as well as the ability to treat and prevent it using personalized approaches to nutrition. In this work, we conducted clinical studies on the effects of a personalized diet on 56 female patients. Biochemical, physical, and immunological parameters were measured by standard methods on days 1 and 18 of the experiment. Gut and oral microbiota studies were performed in dynamics on days 1, 7, 11, and 18 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. With the help of the developed information system, a personalized diet was developed for each participant of the experiment. In the group of patients following personalized diets a statistically significant decreasing levels of glucose, thymol test, creatinine, very low-density lipoprotein, urea, secretory IgA, and tumour necrosis factor-α, and improvement in all physical parameters were observed. There was a statistically significant increase in uric acid, sodium, and magnesium. Statistically significant changes in gut microbiota were observed in Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli (lac+, lac-), Lactobacillus spp., and Candida spp. Such microorganisms of oral microbiota as E. faecalis, Lactobacillus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida spp. demonstrated statistically significant changes. All these changes indicate an improvement in the patients' condition in the experimental group compared to the control group. Our algorithm used for the development of personalized diets for patients with diabetes type 2 demonstrated clinical efficacy of its implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Meleshko
- Research Development and Educational Centre of Molecular Microbiology and Mucosal Immunology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine.,Ediens LLC, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Roman Rukavchuk
- Research Development and Educational Centre of Molecular Microbiology and Mucosal Immunology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine.
| | | | - Nadiya Boyko
- Research Development and Educational Centre of Molecular Microbiology and Mucosal Immunology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine.,Ediens LLC, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
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44
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Schiopu C, Ștefănescu G, Diaconescu S, Bălan GG, Gimiga N, Rusu E, Moldovan CA, Popa B, Tataranu E, Olteanu AV, Boloș A, Ștefănescu C. Magnesium Orotate and the Microbiome–Gut–Brain Axis Modulation: New Approaches in Psychological Comorbidities of Gastrointestinal Functional Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081567. [PMID: 35458129 PMCID: PMC9029938 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium orotate has been cited in the medical literature for the past three years as a possible adjuvant in some pediatric and adult gastroenterological disorders associated with dysbiosis. Studies also focus on the possibility of adding magnesium orotate in psychiatric disorders’ treatment, such as major depression and anxiety. The most relevant element in these studies is the efficiency of magnesium orotate therapy in cases with both gastroenterological and psychiatric symptoms. This article proposes a literature review, focused on the studies published in the last three years, targeting magnesium orotate treatment and probiotic supplementation in patients with both digestive and psychiatric symptoms. Moreover, this review will compare the efficiency of magnesium orotate and probiotics within both the pediatric and adult communities, focusing on the possibility of gut–brain axis modulation and its involvement in the clinical evolution of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Schiopu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.Ș.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Ștefănescu
- Department of Gastroentereology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.G.B.); (A.V.O.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (G.Ș.); (S.D.)
| | - Smaranda Diaconescu
- Medical-Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University “Titu Maiorescu”, 040441 București, Romania;
- Correspondence: (G.Ș.); (S.D.)
| | - Gheoghe G. Bălan
- Department of Gastroentereology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.G.B.); (A.V.O.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Gimiga
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Department of General Surgery, “Dimitrie Castroian” Hospital, 735100 Huși, Romania;
| | - Elena Rusu
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University “Titu Maiorescu”, 040441 București, Romania;
| | - Cosmin Alec Moldovan
- Medical-Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University “Titu Maiorescu”, 040441 București, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Popa
- Department of General Surgery, “Dimitrie Castroian” Hospital, 735100 Huși, Romania;
| | - Elena Tataranu
- Department of Pediatrics, “Sf. Ioan cel Nou” Hospital, 720224 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Andrei Vasile Olteanu
- Department of Gastroentereology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.G.B.); (A.V.O.)
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Boloș
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.Ș.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristinel Ștefănescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.Ș.)
- Institute of Psychiatry “Socola”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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45
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Arepally D, Reddy RS, Goswami TK, Coorey R. A Review on Probiotic Microencapsulation and Recent Advances of their Application in Bakery Products. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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46
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Flor-Alemany M, Baena-García L, Migueles JH, Henriksson P, Löf M, Aparicio VA. Associations of Mediterranean diet with psychological ill-being and well-being throughout the pregnancy course: The GESTAFIT project. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:2705-2716. [PMID: 35297499 PMCID: PMC9356938 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The relation between diet and maternal mental health during pregnancy might be relevant to prevent adverse materno-foetal outcomes. This study examined the association of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and MD components with mental health during pregnancy. Methods This secondary analysis of the GESTAFIT trial included longitudinal data from 152 pregnant women. Dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire, and MD adherence was derived from it using the Mediterranean Food pattern. Psychological ill-being (i.e., negative affect, anxiety, and depression) and well-being (i.e., emotional intelligence, resilience, positive affect) were assessed with the Spanish version of well-established self-reported questionnaires. Cross-sectional (16th gestational week [g.w.]) and longitudinal associations (34th g.w.) between MD and mental health were studied using linear regression models. Results A greater MD adherence was inversely associated with negative affect and anxiety; and positively associated with emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect at the 16th and 34th g.w. (|β| ranging from 0.179 to 0.325, all p < 0.05). Additionally, a higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, and a lower intake of red meat and subproducts and sweets were associated with lower negative affect, anxiety, depression and higher emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect throughout gestation (|β| ranging from 0.168 to 0.415, all p < 0.05). Conclusion A higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, together with a lower intake of red meat and sweets, resulted in a higher MD adherence, which was associated with a better mental health during pregnancy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-022-03121-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Flor-Alemany
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
| | - Laura Baena-García
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Ceuta, Spain
| | - Jairo H Migueles
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,PROFITH "Promoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pontus Henriksson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Virginia A Aparicio
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain
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47
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Karim A, Aider M. Production of prebiotic lactulose through isomerisation of lactose as a part of integrated approach through whey and whey permeate complete valorisation: A review. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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48
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Barrio C, Arias-Sánchez S, Martín-Monzón I. The gut microbiota-brain axis, psychobiotics and its influence on brain and behaviour: A systematic review. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 137:105640. [PMID: 34942539 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is the set of microorganisms present in the gut, and it is connected to the central nervous system via the gut-brain axis. Despite there is not a definitive description of the eubiotic microbiota architecture, numerous studies have demonstrated its involvement in human behaviour and its relationship with several pathologies. This is a systematic review about the association between dysbiosis on the gut microbiota and the presence of neurological or neuropsychiatric diseases such as cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ADHD, and depression. Furthermore, this study analyzes the potential benefits of psychobiotics supplementation for these pathologies. Searches were conducted in the electronic databases PubMed and PsycINFO. 17 articles were included in this review, the majority were published after 2019. The results showed that gut dysbiosis predicts the development of these pathologies and influences their pathogenesis. In addition, it was found that different psychobiotics, mainly dietary fibers and probiotics of the Lactobacillus family, improved different cognitive functions such as cognitive performance and induce a reduced cortisol response. Improvement in different cognitive functions is possible when understanding gut microbiota-brain axis, enteric nervous system, neural-immune system, neuroendocrine system, and central nervous system's relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Barrio
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Santiago Ramón y Cajal, University of Seville, Spain.
| | - Samuel Arias-Sánchez
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Santiago Ramón y Cajal, University of Seville, Spain.
| | - Isabel Martín-Monzón
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Santiago Ramón y Cajal, University of Seville, Spain.
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49
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50
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Chakrabarti A, Geurts L, Hoyles L, Iozzo P, Kraneveld AD, La Fata G, Miani M, Patterson E, Pot B, Shortt C, Vauzour D. The microbiota-gut-brain axis: pathways to better brain health. Perspectives on what we know, what we need to investigate and how to put knowledge into practice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:80. [PMID: 35044528 PMCID: PMC8770392 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04060-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The gut and brain link via various metabolic and signalling pathways, each with the potential to influence mental, brain and cognitive health. Over the past decade, the involvement of the gut microbiota in gut-brain communication has become the focus of increased scientific interest, establishing the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a field of research. There is a growing number of association studies exploring the gut microbiota's possible role in memory, learning, anxiety, stress, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, attention is now turning to how the microbiota can become the target of nutritional and therapeutic strategies for improved brain health and well-being. However, while such strategies that target the gut microbiota to influence brain health and function are currently under development with varying levels of success, still very little is yet known about the triggers and mechanisms underlying the gut microbiota's apparent influence on cognitive or brain function and most evidence comes from pre-clinical studies rather than well controlled clinical trials/investigations. Filling the knowledge gaps requires establishing a standardised methodology for human studies, including strong guidance for specific focus areas of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the need for more extensive biological sample analyses, and identification of relevant biomarkers. Other urgent requirements are new advanced models for in vitro and in vivo studies of relevant mechanisms, and a greater focus on omics technologies with supporting bioinformatics resources (training, tools) to efficiently translate study findings, as well as the identification of relevant targets in study populations. The key to building a validated evidence base rely on increasing knowledge sharing and multi-disciplinary collaborations, along with continued public-private funding support. This will allow microbiota-gut-brain axis research to move to its next phase so we can identify realistic opportunities to modulate the microbiota for better brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucie Geurts
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lesley Hoyles
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Aletta D Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Michela Miani
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Bruno Pot
- Yakult Europe BV, Almere, The Netherlands
| | | | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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