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Subasi B, Esnafoglu E. The relationship between uric acid levels, cognition and inflammation in a cohort of elderly subjects. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:1059-1065. [PMID: 39026034 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02804-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uric acid (UA) is the most powerful antioxidant found among human body fluids. With this effect, UA protects neurons from oxidant effects and ensures the continuation of the structure and functions of neuronal tissue. However, UA has effects on the immune system. This study aims to explain the relationship between UA, cognitive level and inflammation in cases with a wide spectrum of cognitive function. METHODS A total of 67 women and 62 men who applied to the psychiatry outpatient clinic to obtain a health report were evaluated. The cognitive states of the individuals were determined with the mini-mental state examination test (MMSE). Additionally, serum uric acid levels and simple inflammatory parameters such as CRP, sedimentation, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were measured. According to the MMSE results, two groups were created. Those with an MMSE score of 24 or above formed the first group, and those with an MMSE score below 24 formed the second group. RESULTS While a statistically significant positive strong correlation was found between UA and MMSE in all individuals, negative correlations were found between UA and NLR and MLR in men. UA was found to be significantly lower in the group with MMSE scores below 24 and NLR values were higher in the same group. CONCLUSION According to these results, UA seems to have a protective effect on cognitive functions. This situation manifests itself more clearly in men. At physiological concentrations, UA may have an anti-inflammatory effect. It appears that there are complex interactions between UA, cognition, and inflammation. Particularly, men appear to be more susceptible to UA effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Subasi
- Department of Psychiatry, Ordu State Hospital, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Erman Esnafoglu
- Facult of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey.
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Puri TA, Lieblich SE, Ibrahim M, Galea LAM. Pregnancy history and estradiol influence spatial memory, hippocampal plasticity, and inflammation in middle-aged rats. Horm Behav 2024; 165:105616. [PMID: 39168073 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Pregnancy and motherhood can have long-term effects on cognition and brain aging in both humans and rodents. Estrogens are related to cognitive function and neuroplasticity. Estrogens can improve cognition in postmenopausal women, but the evidence is mixed, partly due to differences in age of initiation, type of menopause, dose, formulation and route of administration. Additionally, past pregnancy influences brain aging and cognition as a younger age of first pregnancy in humans is associated with poorer aging outcomes. However, few animal studies have examined specific features of pregnancy history or the possible mechanisms underlying these changes. We examined whether maternal age at first pregnancy and estradiol differentially affected hippocampal neuroplasticity, inflammation, spatial reference cognition, and immediate early gene activation in response to spatial memory retrieval in middle-age. Thirteen-month-old rats (who were nulliparous (never mothered) or previously primiparous (had a litter) at three or seven months) received daily injections of estradiol (or vehicle) for sixteen days and were tested on the Morris Water Maze. An older age of first pregnancy was associated with impaired spatial memory but improved performance on reversal training, and increased number of new neurons in the ventral hippocampus. Estradiol decreased activation of new neurons in the dorsal hippocampus, regardless of parity history. Estradiol also decreased the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines based on age of first pregnancy. This work suggests that estradiol affects neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation in middle age, and that age of first pregnancy can have long lasting effects on hippocampus structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi A Puri
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie E Lieblich
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Muna Ibrahim
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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3
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Abdelmissih S, Hosny SA, Elwi HM, Sayed WM, Eshra MA, Shaker OG, Samir NF. Chronic Caffeine Consumption, Alone or Combined with Agomelatine or Quetiapine, Reduces the Maximum EEG Peak, As Linked to Cortical Neurodegeneration, Ovarian Estrogen Receptor Alpha, and Melatonin Receptor 2. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06619-4. [PMID: 38842700 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Evidence of the effects of chronic caffeine (CAFF)-containing beverages, alone or in combination with agomelatine (AGO) or quetiapine (QUET), on electroencephalography (EEG), which is relevant to cognition, epileptogenesis, and ovarian function, remains lacking. Estrogenic, adenosinergic, and melatonergic signaling is possibly linked to the dynamics of these substances. OBJECTIVES The brain and ovarian effects of CAFF were compared with those of AGO + CAFF and QUET + CAFF. The implications of estrogenic, adenosinergic, and melatonergic signaling and the brain-ovarian crosstalk were investigated. METHODS Adult female rats were administered AGO (10 mg/kg), QUET (10 mg/kg), CAFF, AGO + CAFF, or QUET + CAFF, once daily for 8 weeks. EEG, estrous cycle progression, and microstructure of the brain and ovaries were examined. Brain and ovarian 17β-estradiol (E2), antimullerian hormone (AMH), estrogen receptor alpha (E2Rα), adenosine receptor 2A (A2AR), and melatonin receptor 2 (MT2R) were assessed. RESULTS CAFF, alone or combined with AGO or QUET, reduced the maximum EEG peak, which was positively linked to ovarian E2Rα, negatively correlated to cortical neurodegeneration and ovarian MT2R, and associated with cystic ovaries. A large corpus luteum emerged with AGO + CAFF and QUET + CAFF, antagonizing the CAFF-mediated increased ovarian A2AR and reduced cortical E2Rα. AGO + CAFF provoked TTP delay and increased ovarian AMH, while QUET + CAFF slowed source EEG frequency to δ range and increased brain E2. CONCLUSIONS CAFF treatment triggered brain and ovarian derangements partially antagonized with concurrent AGO or QUET administration but with no overt affection of estrus cycle progression. Estrogenic, adenosinergic, and melatonergic signaling and brain-ovarian crosstalk may explain these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherine Abdelmissih
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sara Adel Hosny
- Department of Medical Histology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Elwi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Mohamed Sayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ali Eshra
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nancy F Samir
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Shen YJ, Liao HH, Livneh H, Lin MC, Lu MC, Li SC, Tsai TY. Complementary acupuncture treatment and reduced risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a retrospective, nested case-control study. J Cancer Surviv 2024:10.1007/s11764-024-01552-z. [PMID: 38833080 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-024-01552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hearing loss is a frequently observed comorbidity in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Accumulating evidence demonstrated that acupuncture can safely manage cancer and its treatment-related symptoms, but its effect in minimizing the likelihood of experiencing sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) has not been established. So this work aimed to determine the risk of SSHL among NPC persons with or without acupuncture use. METHODS One population-level, nested case-control design within a cohort study is employed. Relevant information on persons aged 20-80 years who were afflicted with NPC between 2000 and 2010 was extracted from a nationwide health claims database. From them, we identified the cases who had the first SSHL diagnosis occurring after NPC, and all of them were randomly matched to two controls without SSHL. Conditional logistic regression was employed to calculate odds ratios (OR) and its respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident SSHL in relation to acupuncture treatment. RESULTS Eight hundred eleven SSHL cases were randomly matched to 1452 controls. Those receiving conventional care plus acupuncture use had a reduced adjusted OR of 0.39 (95% CI, 0.25-0.60) for SSHL. We further discovered that the longer usage of acupuncture remarkably correlated with reduction of SSHL risk in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Delineation of the benefit from integration of acupuncture into conventional care may be a reference in instituting more appropriate care for NPC subjects. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Patients living with NPC may benefit from a timely integration of acupuncture into routine care to lessen SSHL risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Shen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Hsun Liao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hanoch Livneh
- Rehabilitation Counseling Program, Portland State University, Portland, USA
| | - Miao-Chiu Lin
- Department of Nursing, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chi Lu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chin Li
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Tzung-Yi Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.
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Moore SE, Davey CH, Morgan M, Webel A. Symptoms, Lifetime Duration of Estrogen Exposure, and Ovarian Reserve Among Women Living With HIV: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2024; 35:264-280. [PMID: 38949903 PMCID: PMC11221577 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This cross-sectional observational study examined associations among symptom burden, lifetime duration of estrogen exposure, and serum antimüllerian hormone (AMH) levels among women living with HIV (n = 98) using bivariate bias-corrected Pearson correlations and multiple correspondence analyses. The mostly Black (85.6%) sample of women, with a mean age of 50 years (SD 12.6 years), exhibited no significant reproductive history factors and symptom burden interrelationships or significant associations between lifetime duration of estrogen exposure and symptoms. Predictably, serum AMH levels were lower among older women; however, less predictable were its significant relationships with months living with HIV (r = -0.362), months on ART (r = -0.270), and CD4+ T-cell nadir (r = 0.347). Symptom-symptom relationships support a fatigue, pain, sleep, anxiety, and depression symptom cluster. The hypotheses were not supported by cross-sectional observation. Further studies should explore variation in relationships between HIV, estrogen exposure, ovarian reserve, and AMH levels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Emory Moore
- Scott Emory Moore, PhD, MSN, RN, AGPCNP-BC, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Christine Horvat Davey, PhD, RN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Michael Morgan, BS, is an Outreach & Recruitment Coordinator in the AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Allison Webel, PhD, RN, FAAN, is the Interim Robert G. and Jean A. Reid Executive Dean, and is the Aljoya Endowed Professor in Aging University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christine Horvat Davey
- Scott Emory Moore, PhD, MSN, RN, AGPCNP-BC, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Christine Horvat Davey, PhD, RN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Michael Morgan, BS, is an Outreach & Recruitment Coordinator in the AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Allison Webel, PhD, RN, FAAN, is the Interim Robert G. and Jean A. Reid Executive Dean, and is the Aljoya Endowed Professor in Aging University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Morgan
- Scott Emory Moore, PhD, MSN, RN, AGPCNP-BC, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Christine Horvat Davey, PhD, RN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Michael Morgan, BS, is an Outreach & Recruitment Coordinator in the AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Allison Webel, PhD, RN, FAAN, is the Interim Robert G. and Jean A. Reid Executive Dean, and is the Aljoya Endowed Professor in Aging University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Allison Webel
- Scott Emory Moore, PhD, MSN, RN, AGPCNP-BC, FAAN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Christine Horvat Davey, PhD, RN, is an Assistant Professor, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Michael Morgan, BS, is an Outreach & Recruitment Coordinator in the AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Allison Webel, PhD, RN, FAAN, is the Interim Robert G. and Jean A. Reid Executive Dean, and is the Aljoya Endowed Professor in Aging University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Balu D, Valencia-Olvera AC, Deshpande A, Narayanam S, Konasani S, Pattisapu S, York JM, Thatcher GRJ, LaDu MJ, Tai LM. Estradiol improves behavior in FAD transgenic mice that express APOE3 but not APOE4 after ovariectomy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1374825. [PMID: 38742194 PMCID: PMC11089251 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1374825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that female individuals have a higher Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk associated with post-menopausal loss of circulating estradiol (E2). However, clinical data are conflicting on whether E2 lowers AD risk. One potential contributing factor is APOE. The greatest genetic risk factor for AD is APOE4, a factor that is pronounced in female individuals post-menopause. Clinical data suggests that APOE impacts the response of AD patients to E2 replacement therapy. However, whether APOE4 prevents, is neutral, or promotes any positive effects of E2 is unclear. Therefore, our goal was to determine whether APOE modulates the impact of E2 on behavior and AD pathology in vivo. To that end, mice that express human APOE3 (E3FAD) or APOE4 (E4FAD) and overproduce Aβ42 were ovariectomized at either 4 months (early) or 8 months (late) and treated with vehicle or E2 for 4 months. In E3FAD mice, we found that E2 mitigated the detrimental effect of ovariectomy on memory, with no effect on Aβ in the early paradigm and only improved learning in the late paradigm. Although E2 lowered Aβ in E4FAD mice in the early paradigm, there was no impact on learning or memory, possibly due to higher Aβ pathology compared to E3FAD mice. In the late paradigm, there was no effect on learning/memory and Aβ pathology in E4FAD mice. Collectively, these data support the idea that, in the presence of Aβ pathology, APOE impacts the response to E2 supplementation post-menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deebika Balu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ana C. Valencia-Olvera
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ashwini Deshpande
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Saharsh Narayanam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sravya Konasani
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shreya Pattisapu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jason M. York
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Mary Jo LaDu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leon M. Tai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Ma’arif B, Anwar MF, Hidayatullah H, Muslikh FA, Suryadinata A, Sugihantoro H, Mirza DM, Maulina N, Taek MM. Effect of polar fractions of Marsilea crenata C. Presl. leaves in zebrafish locomotor activity. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2024; 15:125-129. [PMID: 38903546 PMCID: PMC11186547 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_241_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are pathological conditions initiated by the loss of neuronal cell structure and the progressive decline in function caused by prolonged neuroinflammation. Postmenopausal women are at a high risk of experiencing NDs due to estrogen deficiency in their bodies, necessitating the administration of phytoestrogens as a replacement for estrogen in the body. One alternative therapy is administering phytoestrogens, estrogen-like substances from plants, which can be obtained from Marsilea crenata C. Presl. leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine whether administration of the n-butanol fraction (BF) and water fraction (WF) of M. crenata leaves could increase locomotor activity in rotenone-induced zebrafish. Treatment was given to each group of zebrafish with BF and WF at doses of 2.5; 5; 10; and 20 ppm to determine the locomotor activity. Then an analysis was carried out by looking at each movement of the zebrafish swimming for 1 min at the time of observation on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The result showed that BF and WF significantly increased the locomotor activity of zebrafish at the optimum dose of 20 ppm for BF and 5 ppm for WF compared to the negative control. This concludes that the polar fraction of M. crenata leaves is proven to have the potential to prevent ND progressivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Ma’arif
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Fajrul Anwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Hidayatullah Hidayatullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Faisal Akhmal Muslikh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhakti Wiyata Institute of Health Sciences, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Arief Suryadinata
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Hajar Sugihantoro
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Denis Mery Mirza
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Novia Maulina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Maximus M. Taek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Widya Mandira Catholic University, Kupang, Indonesia
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Hart DA. The Heterogeneity of Post-Menopausal Disease Risk: Could the Basis for Why Only Subsets of Females Are Affected Be Due to a Reversible Epigenetic Modification System Associated with Puberty, Menstrual Cycles, Pregnancy and Lactation, and, Ultimately, Menopause? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3866. [PMID: 38612676 PMCID: PMC11011715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
For much of human evolution, the average lifespan was <40 years, due in part to disease, infant mortality, predators, food insecurity, and, for females, complications of childbirth. Thus, for much of evolution, many females did not reach the age of menopause (45-50 years of age) and it is mainly in the past several hundred years that the lifespan has been extended to >75 years, primarily due to public health advances, medical interventions, antibiotics, and nutrition. Therefore, the underlying biological mechanisms responsible for disease risk following menopause must have evolved during the complex processes leading to Homo sapiens to serve functions in the pre-menopausal state. Furthermore, as a primary function for the survival of the species is effective reproduction, it is likely that most of the advantages of having such post-menopausal risks relate to reproduction and the ability to address environmental stresses. This opinion/perspective will be discussed in the context of how such post-menopausal risks could enhance reproduction, with improved survival of offspring, and perhaps why such risks are preserved. Not all post-menopausal females exhibit risk for this set of diseases, and those who do develop such diseases do not have all of the conditions. The diseases of the post-menopausal state do not operate as a unified complex, but as independent variables, with the potential for some overlap. The how and why there would be such heterogeneity if the risk factors serve essential functions during the reproductive years is also discussed and the concept of sets of reversible epigenetic changes associated with puberty, pregnancy, and lactation is offered to explain the observations regarding the distribution of post-menopausal conditions and their potential roles in reproduction. While the involvement of an epigenetic system with a dynamic "modification-demodification-remodification" paradigm contributing to disease risk is a hypothesis at this point, validation of it could lead to a better understanding of post-menopausal disease risk in the context of reproduction with commonalities may also lead to future improved interventions to control such risk after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hart
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Kinesiology, and McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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Xiang G, Guo S, Xing N, Du Q, Qin J, Gao H, Zhang Y, Wang S. Mangiferin, a Potential Supplement to Improve Metabolic Syndrome: Current Status and Future Opportunities. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:355-386. [PMID: 38533569 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a considerable clinical and public health burden worldwide. Mangiferin (MF), a flavonoid compound present in diverse species such as mango (Mangifera indica L.), papaya (Pseudocydonia sinensis (Thouin) C. K. Schneid.), zhimu (Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge), and honeybush tea (Cyclopia genistoides), boasts a broad array of pharmacological effects. It holds promising uses in nutritionally and functionally targeted foods, particularly concerning MetS treatment. It is therefore pivotal to systematically investigate MF's therapeutic mechanism for MetS and its applications in food and pharmaceutical sectors. This review, with the aid of a network pharmacology approach complemented by this experimental studies, unravels possible mechanisms underlying MF's MetS treatment. Network pharmacology results suggest that MF treats MetS effectively through promoting insulin secretion, targeting obesity and inflammation, alleviating insulin resistance (IR), and mainly operating via the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-[Formula: see text]B), microtubule-associated protein kinase (MAPK), and oxidative stress signaling pathways while repairing damaged insulin signaling. These insights provide a comprehensive framework to understand MF's potential mechanisms in treating MetS. These, however, warrant further experimental validation. Moreover, molecular docking techniques confirmed the plausibility of the predicted outcomes. Hereafter, these findings might form the theoretical bedrock for prospective research into MF's therapeutic potential in MetS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Sa Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Nan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Qinyun Du
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern, Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, P. R. China
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10
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Evans E, Ellis C. Looking Upstream to Understand Race/Ethnicity as a Moderator for Poststroke Neuroinflammation and a Social Determinant for Poststroke Aphasia Outcomes. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024; 33:74-86. [PMID: 38085794 PMCID: PMC11000804 DOI: 10.1044/2023_ajslp-23-00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade, the stroke literature has begun to acknowledge and explore explanations for longstanding racial/ethnic differences in stroke outcomes. Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and poststroke aphasia are two such negative poststroke outcomes where racial/ethnic differences exist. Physiological differences, such as stroke type and lesion size, have been used to partially explain the variation in PSCI and aphasia. However, there is some evidence, although limited, that suggests neuroinflammatory processes as part of allostatic load may be a key contributor to the observed disparities. METHOD In this tutorial, we explore the influence of race differences in inflammation on poststroke cognitive outcomes. We suggest lifetime stress and other external determinants of health such as neighborhood environment and discriminatory practices through "weathering" explain differences in inflammation. While using an allostatic load framework, we explore the literature focusing specifically on the role of neuroinflammation on poststroke outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Examination of the immune response poststroke provides a foundation for understanding the mechanisms of PSCI and poststroke aphasia and the potential contributions of neuroinflammatory processes on poststroke cognitive outcomes. Furthermore, understanding of racial differences in those processes may contribute to a better understanding of racial disparities in general stroke outcomes as well as poststroke aphasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Evans
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Charles Ellis
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville
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11
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Fisicaro F, Lanza G, Concerto C, Rodolico A, Di Napoli M, Mansueto G, Cortese K, Mogavero MP, Ferri R, Bella R, Pennisi M. COVID-19 and Mental Health: A "Pandemic Within a Pandemic". ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1458:1-18. [PMID: 39102186 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61943-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes in daily life for humanity and has had a profound impact on mental health. As widely acknowledged, the pandemic has led to notable increases in rates of anxiety, depression, distress, and other mental health-related issues, affecting both infected patients and non-infected individuals. COVID-19 patients and survivors face heightened risks for various neurological and psychiatric disorders and complications. Vulnerable populations, including those with pre-existing mental health conditions and individuals living in poverty or frailty, may encounter additional challenges. Tragically, suicide rates have also risen, particularly among young people, due to factors such as unemployment, financial crises, domestic violence, substance abuse, and social isolation. Efforts are underway to address these mental health issues, with healthcare professionals urged to regularly screen both COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 patients and survivors for psychological distress, ensuring rapid and appropriate interventions. Ongoing periodic follow-up and multidimensional, interdisciplinary approaches are essential for individuals experiencing long-term psychiatric sequelae. Preventive strategies must be developed to mitigate mental health problems during both the acute and recovery phases of COVID-19 infection. Vaccination efforts continue to prioritize vulnerable populations, including those with mental health conditions, to prevent future complications. Given the profound implications of mental health problems, including shorter life expectancy, diminished quality of life, heightened distress among caregivers, and substantial economic burden, it is imperative that political and health authorities prioritize the mental well-being of all individuals affected by COVID-19, including infected individuals, non-infected individuals, survivors, and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fisicaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgery Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 78, 94018, Troina, Italy.
| | - Carmen Concerto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rodolico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Di Napoli
- Neurological Service, SS Annunziata Hospital, Viale Mazzini 100, 67039, Sulmona, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Mansueto
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza L. Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Services and Public Health-Legal Medicine Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Klizia Cortese
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Via Teatro Greco 84, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria P Mogavero
- Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 78, 94018, Troina, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Vogel K, Larsen B, McLellan C, Bird SP. Female Athletes and the Menstrual Cycle in Team Sports: Current State of Play and Considerations for Future Research. Sports (Basel) 2023; 12:4. [PMID: 38275983 PMCID: PMC10818287 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past ten years there has been a dramatic rise in female sport participation and accompanying female professional national leagues across multiple sports, yet research has not followed suit. Although there are known variations between female and male physiology, training protocols in female sport are predominantly underpinned by research undertaken in male athletes. The hormonal variability experienced by women across the menstrual cycle, as well as the menstrual cycle variability between women, may contribute to the complexity of conducting rigorous physiological studies, leading to a paucity of robust sports-specific research that can be confidently applied to female athletes. Moreover, barriers exist in female sport that potentially limit the ability to conduct research, including the lack of full-time programs and limited resources. Recently, there has been increased interest in the potential effects of fluctuations in the female sex hormones, progesterone and oestrogen, on sport performance across different phases of the menstrual cycle. However, current research evaluating the menstrual cycle and physical performance (such as strength, speed, aerobic fitness, and athletes' perception of their performance) have shown inconsistent results. Additionally, methodological design across studies has shown little consistency, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions, which potentially prevents female athletes optimising their physical and sporting performance. It further impacts coaches and sports science researchers in their ability to provide appropriate training recommendations and educational opportunities. It is important to progress in female athlete research with an understanding of how the unique physiology of female athletes may influence their ability to physically perform in their respective sport, which requires representation in sports science research. This paper will provide an overview on current evidence and limitations within menstrual cycle research and provide considerations and directions for future research in this space within team sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Vogel
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; (K.V.); (B.L.); (C.M.)
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Lions Football Club, Richlands, QLD 4077, Australia
- Brisbane Tigers Rugby League Club, Coorparoo, QLD 4151, Australia
| | - Brianna Larsen
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; (K.V.); (B.L.); (C.M.)
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
| | - Chris McLellan
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; (K.V.); (B.L.); (C.M.)
- Florida Panthers, Sunrise, FL 33323, USA
| | - Stephen P. Bird
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; (K.V.); (B.L.); (C.M.)
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Basketball New Zealand, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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Crestol A, Rajagopal S, Lissaman R, LaPlume AA, Pasvanis S, Olsen RK, Einstein G, Jacobs EG, Rajah MN. Menopause Status and Within-Group Differences in Chronological Age Affect the Functional Neural Correlates of Spatial Context Memory in Middle-Aged Females. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8756-8768. [PMID: 37903593 PMCID: PMC10727179 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0663-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reductions in the ability to encode and retrieve past experiences in rich spatial contextual detail (episodic memory) are apparent by midlife-a time when most females experience spontaneous menopause. Yet, little is known about how menopause status affects episodic memory-related brain activity at encoding and retrieval in middle-aged premenopausal and postmenopausal females, and whether any observed group differences in brain activity and memory performance correlate with chronological age within group. We conducted an event-related task fMRI study of episodic memory for spatial context to address this knowledge gap. Multivariate behavioral partial least squares was used to investigate how chronological age and retrieval accuracy correlated with brain activity in 31 premenopausal females (age range, 39.55-53.30 years; mean age, 44.28 years; SD age, 3.12 years) and 41 postmenopausal females (age range, 46.70-65.14 years; mean age, 57.56 years; SD age, 3.93 years). We found that postmenopausal status, and advanced age within postmenopause, was associated with lower spatial context memory. The fMRI analysis showed that only in postmenopausal females, advanced age was correlated with decreased activity in occipitotemporal, parahippocampal, and inferior parietal cortices during encoding and retrieval, and poorer spatial context memory performance. In contrast, only premenopausal females exhibited an overlap in encoding and retrieval activity in angular gyrus, midline cortical regions, and prefrontal cortex, which correlated with better spatial context retrieval accuracy. These results highlight how menopause status and chronological age, nested within menopause group, affect episodic memory and its neural correlates at midlife.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This is the first fMRI study to examine how premenopause and postmenopause status affect the neural correlates of episodic memory encoding and retrieval, and how chronological age contributes to any observed group similarities and differences. We found that both menopause status (endocrine age) and chronological age affect spatial context memory and its neural correlates. Menopause status directly affected the direction of age-related and performance-related correlations with brain activity in inferior parietal, parahippocampal, and occipitotemporal cortices across encoding and retrieval. Moreover, we found that only premenopausal females exhibited cortical reinstatement of encoding-related activity in midline cortical, prefrontal, and angular gyrus, at retrieval. This suggests that spatial context memory abilities may rely on distinct brain systems at premenopause compared with postmenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Crestol
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | | | - Rikki Lissaman
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Annalise A LaPlume
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | | | - Rosanna K Olsen
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Gillian Einstein
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Emily G Jacobs
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9660
| | - M Natasha Rajah
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1G1, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
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Guo M, Wang X, Li Y, Luo A, Zhao Y, Luo X, Li S. Intermittent Fasting on Neurologic Diseases: Potential Role of Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:4915. [PMID: 38068773 PMCID: PMC10707790 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global population ages, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is surging. These disorders have a multifaceted pathogenesis, entwined with genetic and environmental factors. Emerging research underscores the profound influence of diet on the development and progression of health conditions. Intermittent fasting (IF), a dietary pattern that is increasingly embraced and recommended, has demonstrated potential in improving neurophysiological functions and mitigating pathological injuries with few adverse effects. Although the precise mechanisms of IF's beneficial impact are not yet completely understood, gut microbiota and their metabolites are believed to be pivotal in mediating these effects. This review endeavors to thoroughly examine current studies on the shifts in gut microbiota and metabolite profiles prompted by IF, and their possible consequences for neural health. It also highlights the significance of dietary strategies as a clinical consideration for those with neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingke Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.G.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (A.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.G.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (A.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yujuan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.G.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (A.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ailin Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.G.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (A.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.G.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (A.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaoxiao Luo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (M.G.); (X.W.); (Y.L.); (A.L.); (Y.Z.)
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15
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Tan L, Yan W, Yang W, Kamionka A, Lipowski M, Zhao Z, Zhao G. Effect of exercise on inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2023; 183:112310. [PMID: 37844768 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Postmenopausal women affected by overweight and obesity are susceptible to a variety of diseases due to inflammation. Exercise may reduce the risk of disease by attenuating low-grade chronic inflammation. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of exercise on inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women struggling with overweight and obesity. METHOD Literature as of May 2023 was searched from databases such as Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science, and EBSCO and English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that meet the inclusion criteria were selected. Studies were included based on the following criteria: (A) Written in English; (B) RCTs; (C) Postmenopausal women impacted by overweight and obesity as research objects; (D) Outcome measurements include CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and adiponectin; (E) Duration of the exercise intervention is eight weeks. RESULTS A total of 34 articles and 2229 participants were included. Exercise can significantly reduce the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD: -0.59, 95 % CI: -0.87 to -0.31, p < 0.00001), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (MD: -0.65, 95 % CI: -0.94 to -0.35, p < 0.00001), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (MD: -0.48, 95 % CI: -0.75 to -0.21, p < 0.00001), and exercise can significantly increase the level of adiponectin (MD: 0.33, 95 % CI: 0.02 to 0.65, p = 0.04) in women impacted by overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION These results suggest that exercise may be an effective intervention for reducing pro-inflammatory markers and increasing adiponectin in postmenopausal women impacted by overweight and obesity. The findings may provide clinicians and healthcare professionals with insights into the implementation of exercise programs for postmenopausal women living with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Tan
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland; Changsha Commerce & Tourism College, 410116, Changsha, China.
| | - Weihua Yan
- School of Management, Beijing Sport University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Weilin Yang
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Agata Kamionka
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Lipowski
- Faculty of Social and Humanities, University WSB Merito, 80-266 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Zijian Zhao
- Physical Education Institute (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Gang Zhao
- Changsha Commerce & Tourism College, 410116, Changsha, China.
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16
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Guo Y, Zhao H, Wang F, Xu H, Liu X, Hu T, Wu D. Telomere length as a marker of changes in body composition and fractures-an analysis of data from the NHANES 2001-2002. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1181544. [PMID: 37744360 PMCID: PMC10514483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose There has been an association between changes in body composition, fracture incidence, and age in previous studies. Telomere length (TL) has been proposed as a biomarker of aging. However, the relationship between body composition, fractures, and TL has rarely been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between TL and body composition and fractures.Patients and methods: 20950 participants from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in the final analysis. In NHANES, body compositions were measured with DXA, and TL was determined with quantitative PCR. Correlation analysis of TL and body composition was conducted using multivariate weighted linear regression and logistic regression models. Results The results showed that TL positively correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in most body parts. However, BMD and BMC were negatively connected with TL in the upper limbs and skull. Fat content was negatively associated with TL, while muscle content was positively linked to TL. In addition, TL's trend analysis results were consistent with the regression model when transformed from a continuous to a classified variable. An increase in TL was associated with a higher incidence of wrist fractures, while a decrease in spine fractures. The above correlation also has a certain degree of sex specificity. Conclusion Our study indicate that TL is associated with body composition as well as fractures, but further research is needed to confirm these contrasting associations in the skull, upper limbs, and wrists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tao Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Desheng Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Waters DJ, Fu R, Carrillo AE, Chiang EC, Maras AH, Kengeri SS, Suckow CL. Correlates of estimated lifetime cruciate ligament survival inform potential rupture risk reduction strategies: findings from the Exceptional Aging in Rottweilers Study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13920. [PMID: 37626101 PMCID: PMC10457323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is one of the most commonly diagnosed orthopedic conditions of pet dogs, making estimated lifetime cruciate ligament survival an attractive endpoint for studies attempting to define clinical and genetic correlates of rupture risk reduction. Early life experiences contribute significantly to the origins of adult health outcomes, yet our current understanding of modifiable susceptibility factors that drive the high frequency of CCL rupture remains limited. We reasoned that combining lifetime medical history with standardized late-life assessment of lifetime cruciate ligament survival and detailed phenotyping of each dog for selected risk variables would provide a sensitive approach to identify factors that would differentiate between lifelong avoidance versus susceptibility to ligament rupture. Here, we report results of Kaplan-Meier analysis of estimated lifetime cruciate ligament survival and Cox proportional hazards modeling to assess risk variables in a lifetime cohort study of 123 purebred Rottweilers, a breed at high risk for veterinarian-diagnosed CCL rupture. We show that gonad removal during the 24-month developmental period is adversely associated with three measures of susceptibility-increased incidence of CCL rupture, multiplicity (bilateral rupture), and accelerated time to initial CCL failure. Our analysis reveals two other phenotypes-short adult height and the production of offspring (in females)-are associated with significant CCL rupture risk reduction. Together, the results provide clues to an early endocrine influence on lifetime cruciate ligament survival. Further, we identify two distinct clinical syndromes of CCL failure, providing a disease subtyping framework to advance future progress in genetic epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prediction. By conducting an evaluation of estimated lifetime CCL survival in dogs, we show that cruciate ligament survival may be jeopardized by gonad removal during the developmental period. Avoidance of such early environmental adversity may represent an actionable method for the control of canine CCL disease in certain breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Waters
- Center for Exceptional Longevity Studies, Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and the Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Sociology, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA
| | - Andres E Carrillo
- Department of Exercise Science, School of Health Sciences, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Emily C Chiang
- Center for Exceptional Longevity Studies, Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Aimee H Maras
- Center for Exceptional Longevity Studies, Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Seema S Kengeri
- Center for Exceptional Longevity Studies, Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
- Franciscan Physician Network, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Cheri L Suckow
- Center for Exceptional Longevity Studies, Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
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18
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Sanchez K, Wu SL, Kakkar R, Darling JS, Harper CS, Fonken LK. Ovariectomy in mice primes hippocampal microglia to exacerbate behavioral sickness responses. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100638. [PMID: 37256192 PMCID: PMC10225896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are a group of steroid hormones that promote the development and maintenance of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. Estrogens also modulate immune responses; estrogen loss at menopause increases the risk of inflammatory disorders. Elevated inflammatory responses in the brain can lead to affective behavioral changes, which are characteristic of menopause. Thus, here we examined whether loss of estrogens sensitizes microglia, the primary innate immune cell of the brain, leading to changes in affective behaviors. To test this question, adult C57BL/6 mice underwent an ovariectomy to remove endogenous estrogens and then received estradiol hormone replacement or vehicle. After a one-month recovery, mice received an immune challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle control treatment and underwent behavioral testing. Ovariectomized, saline-treated mice exhibited reduced social investigation compared to sham-operated mice. Furthermore, ovariectomized mice that received LPS exhibited an exacerbated decrease in sucrose preference, which was ameliorated by estradiol replacement. These results indicate that ovariectomy modulates affective behaviors at baseline and in response to an inflammatory challenge. Ovariectomy-related behavioral changes were associated with downregulation of Cx3cr1, a microglial receptor that limits activation, suggesting that estrogen loss can disinhibit microglia to immune stimuli. Indeed, estradiol treatment reduced ovariectomy-induced increases in Il1b and Il6 expression after an immune challenge. Changes in microglial reactivity following ovariectomy are likely subtle, as overt changes in microglial morphology (e.g., soma size and branching) were limited. Collectively, these results suggest that a lack of estrogens may allow microglia to confer exaggerated neuroimmune responses, thereby raising vulnerability to adverse affective- and sickness-related behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Sanchez
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sienna L. Wu
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Reha Kakkar
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Darling
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Claire S. Harper
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Laura K. Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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19
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Calvo N, Einstein G. Steroid hormones: risk and resilience in women's Alzheimer disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1159435. [PMID: 37396653 PMCID: PMC10313425 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1159435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
More women have Alzheimer disease (AD) than men, but the reasons for this phenomenon are still unknown. Including women in clinical research and studying their biology is key to understand not just their increased risk but also their resilience against the disease. In this sense, women are more affected by AD than men, but their reserve or resilience mechanisms might delay symptom onset. The aim of this review was to explore what is known about mechanisms underlying women's risk and resilience in AD and identify emerging themes in this area that merit further research. We conducted a review of studies analyzing molecular mechanisms that may induce neuroplasticity in women, as well as cognitive and brain reserve. We also analyzed how the loss of steroid hormones in aging may be linked to AD. We included empirical studies with human and animal models, literature reviews as well as meta-analyses. Our search identified the importance of 17-b-estradiol (E2) as a mechanism driving cognitive and brain reserve in women. More broadly, our analysis revealed the following emerging perspectives: (1) the importance of steroid hormones and their effects on both neurons and glia for the study of risk and resilience in AD, (2) E2's crucial role in women's brain reserve, (3) women's verbal memory advantage as a cognitive reserve factor, and (4) E2's potential role in linguistic experiences such as multilingualism and hearing loss. Future directions for research include analyzing the reserve mechanisms of steroid hormones on neuronal and glial plasticity, as well as identifying the links between steroid hormone loss in aging and risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Calvo
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gillian Einstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Tema Genus, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Women’s College Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Khalafi M, Habibi Maleki A, Sakhaei MH, Rosenkranz SK, Pourvaghar MJ, Ehsanifar M, Bayat H, Korivi M, Liu Y. The effects of exercise training on body composition in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1183765. [PMID: 37388207 PMCID: PMC10306117 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1183765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of exercise training on body composition outcomes in postmenopausal women. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline were searched to identify the randomized controlled trials which evaluated effect of exercise training versus control in postmenopausal women. Standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using random effects model. Results One hundred and one studies involving 5,697 postmenopausal women were included in the meta-analysis. Results indicated that exercise training effectively increased muscle mass/ volume, muscle and fiber cross-sectional area and fat-free mass, and decreased fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference and visceral fat. Furthermore, subgroup analyses results revealed that aerobic and combined training had greater beneficial effects on fat mass outcomes, whereas resistance and combined training had greater beneficial effects on muscle mass outcomes. Discussion Overall, our results revealed that exercise training is effective for improving body composition in postmenopausal women. To be specific, aerobic training is effective on fat loss, whereas resistance training is effective on muscle gain. However, combination of aerobic and resistance trainings may be considered a viable strategy to improve body composition in postmenopausal women. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021283425.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Khalafi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Aref Habibi Maleki
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Sakhaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - Sara K. Rosenkranz
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Mohammad Javad Pourvaghar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ehsanifar
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hadis Bayat
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Institute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Institute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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21
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Liu H, Zhan J, He J, Zhong L, Yang J, Dai Q, Zhang X. The effect of 17β-estradiol plus norethisterone acetate on blood pressure and inflammation markers: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 285:59-68. [PMID: 37060841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have explored the impact of 17β-estradiol plus norethisterone acetate administration on blood pressure and inflammation markers, however, their findings have often been contradictory. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs to assess the effects of this drug combination on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. METHODS The Cochrane Library, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant published RCTs. The pooled mean change and standard deviation (SD) of the outcomes were calculated using the STATA software (version 14) for Statistical Computing. RESULTS A total of 18 publications were included in the current meta-analysis. In total, there were 12 RCT arms on SBP, 12 RCT arms on DBP, and 6 RCT arms on CRP levels. The administration of 17β-estradiol plus norethisterone acetate intake increased SBP (WMD: 3.48 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.73, 6.23, P = 0.013), particularly in subjects aged ≥ 60 years (WMD: 5.89 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.71, 10.07, P = 0.006) or with a body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2 (WMD: 6.55 mmHg, 95% CI: 2.64, 10.46, P = 0.012), as well as in the RCTs which lasted ≥ 6 months (WMD: 6.47 mmHg, 95% CI: 3.03, 9.90, P < 0.001),when 17β-estradiol dosages were ≥ 2 mg/day (WMD: 4.12 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.03, 7.22, P = 0.009; I2 = 99%, P < 0.001) and in RCTs conducted on healthy postmenopausal women (WMD: 4.22 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.43, 8.01, P = 0.02; I2 = 94%, P < 0.001). DBP decreased following this drug combination in the RCTs which lasted < 6 months (WMD: -1.42 mmHg, 95% CI: -2.27, -0.57, P = 0.001). CRP concentrations increased following the use of this drug combination (WMD: 1.01 mg/L, 95% CI: 0.62, 1.41, P < 0.001), especially in participants aged < 60 years (WMD: 1.22 mg/L, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.68, P < 0.001) or with a BMI < 30 kg/m2 (WMD: 0.97 mg/L, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.27, P < 0.001), as well as in RCTs with a duration of ≥ 6 months (WMD: 1.15 mg/L, 95% CI: 0.57, 1.73, P < 0.001), when 17β-estradiol dosages were ≥ 2 mg/day (WMD: 0.97 mg/L, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.27, P < 0.001; I2 = 55%, P = 0.107) and in RCTs conducted on healthy postmenopausal women (WMD: 1.22 mg/L, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.68, P < 0.001; I2 = 90%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The administration of 17β-estradiol plus norethisterone acetate increases SBP and CRP concentrations and, when prescribed for less than 6 months, decreases DBP. However, despite being statistically significant, the impact of this drug combination on SBP and DBP is not clinically relevant as the variation in blood pressure values was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Jiang Zhan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ezhou Central Hospital, Hubei Province, Ezhou, Hubei 436000, China
| | - Jiao He
- Department of Outpatient, General Hospital of Western Theater of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Lili Zhong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Qiaomei Dai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Xianlin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430019, China.
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Sochocka M, Karska J, Pszczołowska M, Ochnik M, Fułek M, Fułek K, Kurpas D, Chojdak-Łukasiewicz J, Rosner-Tenerowicz A, Leszek J. Cognitive Decline in Early and Premature Menopause. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6566. [PMID: 37047549 PMCID: PMC10095144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Early and premature menopause, or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), affects 1% of women under the age of 40 years. This paper reviews the main aspects of early and premature menopause and their impact on cognitive decline. Based on the literature, cognitive complaints are more common near menopause: a phase marked by a decrease in hormone levels, especially estrogen. A premature reduction in estrogen puts women at a higher risk for cardiovascular disease, parkinsonism, depression, osteoporosis, hypertension, weight gain, midlife diabetes, as well as cognitive disorders and dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that female sex hormones have long-lasting neuroprotective and anti-aging properties. Estrogens seem to prevent cognitive disorders arising from a cholinergic deficit in women and female animals in middle age premature menopause that affects the central nervous system (CNS) directly and indirectly, both transiently and in the long term, leads to cognitive impairment or even dementia, mainly due to the decrease in estrogen levels and comorbidity with cardiovascular risk factors, autoimmune diseases, and aging. Menopausal hormone therapy from menopause to the age of 60 years may provide a "window of opportunity" to reduce the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD in later life. Women with earlier menopause should be taken care of by various specialists such as gynecologists, endocrinologists, neurologists, and psychiatrists in order to maintain their mental health at the highest possible level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sochocka
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Karska
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Michał Ochnik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michał Fułek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Fułek
- Department and Clinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Donata Kurpas
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-141 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Rosner-Tenerowicz
- 2nd Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
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Dumas JA, Bunn JY, LaMantia MA, McIsaac C, Senft Miller A, Nop O, Testo A, Soares BP, Mank MM, Poynter ME, Lawrence Kien C. Alteration of brain function and systemic inflammatory tone in older adults by decreasing the dietary palmitic acid intake. AGING BRAIN 2023; 3:100072. [PMID: 37408793 PMCID: PMC10318304 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior studies in younger adults showed that reducing the normally high intake of the saturated fatty acid, palmitic acid (PA), in the North American diet by replacing it with the monounsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid (OA), decreased blood concentrations and secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 and changed brain activation in regions of the working memory network. We examined the effects of these fatty acid manipulations in the diet of older adults. Ten subjects, aged 65-75 years, participated in a randomized, cross-over trial comparing 1-week high PA versus low PA/high OA diets. We evaluated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using an N-back test of working memory and a resting state scan, cytokine secretion by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated PBMCs, and plasma cytokine concentrations. During the low PA compared to the high PA diet, we observed increased activation for the 2-back minus 0-back conditions in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Broadman Area (BA) 9; p < 0.005), but the effect of diet on working memory performance was not significant (p = 0.09). We observed increased connectivity between anterior regions of the salience network during the low PA/high OA diet (p < 0.001). The concentrations of IL-1β (p = 0.026), IL-8 (p = 0.013), and IL-6 (p = 0.009) in conditioned media from LPS-stimulated PBMCs were lower during the low PA/high OA diet. This study suggests that lowering the dietary intake of PA down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and altered working memory, task-based activation and resting state functional connectivity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Dumas
- Department of Psychiatry, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Janice Y. Bunn
- Department of Medical Biostatistics, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Michael A. LaMantia
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Catherine McIsaac
- Clinical Research Center, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Anna Senft Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Olivia Nop
- Department of Psychiatry, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Abigail Testo
- Department of Psychiatry, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bruno P. Soares
- Department of Radiology, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Madeleine M. Mank
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Matthew E. Poynter
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - C. Lawrence Kien
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Larner College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Šagud M, Madžarac Z, Nedic Erjavec G, Šimunović Filipčić I, Mikulić FL, Rogić D, Bradaš Z, Bajs Janović M, Pivac N. The Associations of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte, Platelet-Lymphocyte, Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratios and Immune-Inflammation Index with Negative Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020297. [PMID: 36830666 PMCID: PMC9952992 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII index) are increasingly used as indicators of inflammation in different conditions, including schizophrenia. However, their relationship with negative symptoms, including anhedonia, is largely unknown. Included were 200 patients with schizophrenia and 134 healthy controls (HC), assessed for physical anhedonia (PA), using the Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (RPAS), and social anhedonia (SA) by the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS). Patients were rated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) and the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS). Most of the negative symptoms were in a weak to moderate positive correlations with blood cell inflammatory ratios, namely, between NLR and MLR with PANSS negative scale, CAINS, and BNSS, and in male patients, between PLR and PANSS negative scale and CAINS. Fewer correlations were detected in females, but also in a positive direction. An exception was SA, given the negative correlation between its severity and the SII index in females, and its presence and higher PLR in males. While different negative symptoms were associated with subclinical inflammation, the relationship between SA and lower inflammatory markers deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Šagud
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Madžarac
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ivona Šimunović Filipčić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Dunja Rogić
- Department for Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Bradaš
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Bajs Janović
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nela Pivac
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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Lan X, Wu F, Wang C, Wu K, Fang Z, Lao G, Zhang B, Ning Y, Zhou Y. Sex differences in the association of plasma cytokines and neurocognition in first-episode major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2023; 322:258-266. [PMID: 36370912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral cytokines were found to be involved in the pathophysiology of neurocognition in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, whether there are sex differences in this association between cytokines and cognition in MDD remains unknown. Our aim is to examine sex differences in the relationship between plasma cytokines and cognition in MDD. METHOD One hundred and twenty-seven first episode drug naïve patients with MDD and sixty healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for present study. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery was administered to measure the cognition. Plasma concentrations of nineteen cytokines were measured using high sensitivity multiplex bead-based assays. RESULTS Both female and male patients with MDD had significant cognitive impairment in verbal learning and visual learning and had higher levels of a range of cytokines than HCs (all p < 0.05). Female patients performed worse in trail making (F = 4.442, p = 0.018) and had higher concentration of interleukin (IL)-4 (F = 7.775, p = 0.006) than males. In female MDD, a significant positive association between category frequency and level of IL-4 was observed (B = 8.040, p = 0.031). However, this association was not present in male MDD or HCs (p > 0.05). LIMITATION Present study used a cross-sectional design. CONCLUSION Female MDD patients had worse trail making performance and higher level of IL-4 than males. The elevated IL-4 in female MDD was positively associated with category fluency, suggesting that IL-4 may be involved in the pathophysiology related to specific cognitive domain in female MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Lan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengchun Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Fang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohui Lao
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yanling Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China.
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Ding T, Aimaiti M, Cui S, Shen J, Lu M, Wang L, Bian D. Meta-analysis of the association between dietary inflammatory index and cognitive health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1104255. [PMID: 37081917 PMCID: PMC10111053 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1104255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies have shown that a pro-inflammatory diet may be associated with cognitive function, but their conclusions have varied considerably. We here present a meta-analysis of the current published literature on DII score and its association with cognitive health. Methods In this meta-analysis, the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched in September 2022. The reported indexes, specifically OR, RR, and β, were extracted and analyzed using R version 3.1.0. Results A total of 636 studies in databases were identified, and 12 were included in the meta-analysis. Higher DII was associated with an increased risk of AD and MCI (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.21-1.49). Meanwhile, it may also cause global function impairment (categorical: OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.36-1.96) and verbal fluency impairment (continuous: OR = 0.18; 95% IC = 0.08-0.42). But there was no significant association between DII and executive function (categorical: OR = 1.12; 95% IC = 0.84-1.49; continuous: OR = 0.48; 95% IC = 0.19-1.21) or episodic memory (continuous: OR = 0.56; 95% IC = 0.30-1.03). Conclusion A pro-inflammatory diet is related to AD, MCI, and the functions of some cognitive domains (specifically global function and verbal fluency). However, the current evidence on the role of diet-induced inflammation in different cognitive domains should be supported by further studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maimaitiyusupu Aimaiti
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shishuang Cui
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhao Shen
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengjie Lu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Bian, ; Lei Wang,
| | - Dongsheng Bian
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Bian, ; Lei Wang,
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Loaiza-Betancur AF, Gómez-Tomás C, Blasco JM, Chulvi-Medrano I, Iglesias-González LE. Effects of resistance training on C-reactive protein in menopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Menopause 2022; 29:1430-1440. [PMID: 36219807 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Menopause is a biological stage associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality due to changes in sex hormone levels. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to investigate the benefits and harms of RT in menopausal and postmenopausal women. EVIDENCE REVIEW We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to 2021, and clinical trial registries. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) in menopausal and postmenopausal women that compared women undergoing RT programs with a control group were included. The primary outcomes were C-reactive protein level and adverse events; and, the secondary outcomes were lipid profile and waist circumference. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted data, and assessed the completeness of RT programs, risk of bias, and quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach (GRADE). A random-effects model was used. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. FINDINGS Twelve RCTs published from 2012 to 2020 met the inclusion criteria (n = 482). Four follow-up periods were assessed. RT caused reductions in C-reactive protein levels compared to those in the control group in postmenopausal women in the short- to long-term follow-up (mean difference, -0.47 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval, -0.66 to -0.29; P < 0.00001). Furthermore, RT may reduce C-reactive protein levels even at moderate and moderate-to-high intensity ( P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0005, respectively). Similar findings were found for lipid profiles in the short- to long-term follow-up ( P < 0.05). RT may have had little to no effect on waist circumference. The certainty of the body of evidence was assessed as very low and downgraded owing to serious study limitations, inconsistency, imprecision, and publication bias. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE There was very low-quality evidence supporting the benefits of RT compared with control for C-reactive protein levels and lipid profile. No benefits were found for the outcome of waist circumference in postmenopausal women with different comorbidities or risk factors. Safety data were scarce. We have little confidence in the results, and the true effect is likely to be substantially different. Further well-conducted and well-reported RCTs are warranted to strengthen the evidence. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020213125.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cinta Gómez-Tomás
- Research Group Physiotherapy and Readaptation in Sport, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - José María Blasco
- Group of Physiotherapy in the Ageing Processes, Social and Healthcare Strategies, IRIMED Joint Research Unit in Radiophysics and Instrumentation in Nuclear Medicine (IIS_LaFe-UV), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Chulvi-Medrano
- UIRFIDE (Sport Performance and Physical Fitness Research Group), Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Department of Physical and Sports Education, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Isoflavone-Enriched Soybean Leaves (Glycine Max) Alleviate Cognitive Impairment Induced by Ovariectomy and Modulate PI3K/Akt Signaling in the Hippocampus of C57BL6 Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224753. [PMID: 36432439 PMCID: PMC9697522 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The estrogen decline during perimenopause can induce various disorders, including cognitive impairment. Phytoestrogens, such as isoflavones, lignans, and coumestans, have been tried as a popular alternative to avoid the side effects of conventional hormone replacement therapy, but their exact mechanisms and risk are not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (IESLs) on the cognitive impairment induced by ovariectomy in female mice. (2) Methods: Ovariectomy was performed at 9 weeks of age to mimic menopausal women, and the behavior tests for cognition were conducted 15 weeks after the first administration. IESLs were administered for 18 weeks. (3) Results: The present study showed the effects of IESLs on the cognitive function in the OVX (ovariectomized) mice. Ovariectomy markedly increased the body weight and fat accumulation in the liver and perirenal fat, but IESL treatment significantly inhibited them. In the behavioral tests, ovariectomy impaired cognitive functions, but administration of IESLs restored it. In addition, in the OVX mice, administration of IESLs restored decreased estrogen receptor (ER) β and PI3K/Akt expression in the hippocampus. (4) Conclusions: The positive effects of IESLs on cognitive functions may be closely related to the ER-mediated PI3/Akt signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
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Testo AA, McBride C, Bernstein IM, Dumas JA. Preeclampsia and its relationship to pathological brain aging. Front Physiol 2022; 13:979547. [PMID: 36324311 PMCID: PMC9618619 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.979547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of preeclampsia during pregnancy may have long-term effects on brain aging in women. Associations between preeclampsia and vascular dementia have been established, however the connection between preeclampsia and Alzheimer's disease has not been as thoroughly explored. Both preeclampsia and Alzheimer's disease have been associated with misfolded amyloid beta proteins and inflammation; due to these similarities, in this minireview, we examined the potential links between a history of preeclampsia and the development of dementia. We also discussed how hypertensive disorders of pregnancy may relate to both normal brain aging and dementia to highlight the need for additional research regarding the long-term cognitive effects of preeclampsia on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail A. Testo
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Carole McBride
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Ira M. Bernstein
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Julie A. Dumas
- Department of Psychiatry Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States,*Correspondence: Julie A. Dumas,
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Review of the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome on Cognition: Looking beyond the androgen hypothesis. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 67:101038. [PMID: 36154816 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic-ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, and many features associated with PCOS - such as elevated androgens, insulin resistance and inflammation - are known to affect cognition. However, effects of PCOS on cognition are not well-understood. Here we review the current literature on PCOS and cognition, note the extent of PCOS symptomatology studied in relation to cognitive outcomes, and identify key research gaps and common methodological concerns. Findings indicate a pattern of worse performance across cognitive domains and brain measures in women with PCOS relative to non-PCOS controls, as well as a lack of evidence for the common assumption that women with PCOS will have higher performance on tasks with a demonstrated male-advantage due to high testosterone levels. We suggest strategies for moving beyond the focus on elevated androgens, in favor of research practices that account for the nuances and heterogeneity of PCOS symptoms.
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Akter R, Chan Ahn J, Nahar J, Awais M, Ramadhania ZM, Oh SW, Oh JH, Kong BM, Rupa EJ, Lee DW, Yang DC, Chan kang S. Pomegranate juice fermented by tannin acyl hydrolase and Lactobacillus vespulae DCY75 enhance estrogen receptor expression and anti-inflammatory effect. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1010103. [PMID: 36249796 PMCID: PMC9558905 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolics are phytochemicals in plants, fruits, and vegetables have potential health-promoting efficacies. However, mostly available as a complex form. So, to increase the contents and nutritional value of the phenolic compounds, fermentation is most readily used in the food industry. Especially, the hydrolyzable tannins present in the pomegranate that can be liberated into monomolecular substances, which enhances biological activity. Thus, this study aims to convert hydrolyzable tannins to ellagic acid by fermentation using Tannin acyl hydrolase (TAH) and a novel bacteria strain Lactobacillus vespulae DCY75, respectively to investigate its effect on Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) mRNA expression along with inflammation inhibition. As a result, the fermentation enhanced the ellagic acid content up to 70% by the synergetic effect of TAH and DCY75. Furthermore, fermented pomegranate (PG-F) increased cellular proliferation as well as upregulated the gene expression of estrogen regulators such as ERα, ERβ, and pS2 in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), which commonly used to evaluate estrogenic activity. Moreover, to study the inflammation associated with low estrogen in menopause, we have analyzed the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW 264.7 cells. The PG-F juice did not exert any cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells and inhibited NO production along with the downregulation of a major pro-inflammatory cytokine iNOS which indicates the anti-inflammatory potential of it. To sum it up, the fermented commercial pomegranate juice using a novel bacteria strain increased the amount of ellagic acid that the value added bioactive of pomegranate and it has significantly increased the estrogenic activity via upregulating estrogen related biomarkers expression and reduced the risk of related inflammation via NO/iNOS inhibition. This study could be a preliminary study to use fermented pomegranate as a potential health functional food after further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshmi Akter
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jong Chan Ahn
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jinnatun Nahar
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Awais
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Zelika Mega Ramadhania
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Se-Woung Oh
- SMART FRUIT CO., LTD., Guri, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Oh
- Fruitycompany Co., Ltd., Guri, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Byoung Man Kong
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Esrat Jahan Rupa
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | | | - Deok Chun Yang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Deok Chun Yang, ; Se Chan kang,
| | - Se Chan kang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Deok Chun Yang, ; Se Chan kang,
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Ma'arif B, Muslikh FA, Amalia D, Mahardiani A, Muchlasi LA, Riwanti P, Taek MM, Laswati H, Agil M. Metabolite Profiling of the Environmental-Controlled Growth of Marsilea crenata Presl. and Its In Vitro and In Silico Antineuroinflammatory Properties. BORNEO JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 2022. [DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v5i3.3262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the metabolite contents and antineuroinflammatory potential of Marsilea crenata Presl. grown under a controlled environmental condition. The antineuroinflammatory test has been carried out in vitro using ethanolic extract of M. crenata leaves on HMC3 microglia cells. An in silico approach was applied to predict the active compounds of the extract. The HMC3 microglia cells were induced with IFNγ to create prolonged inflammatory conditions and then treated with 96% ethanolic extract of the M. crenata leaves of 62.5, 125, and 250 μg/mL. The expression of MHC II was analyzed using the ICC method with the CLSM instrument. Metabolites of the extract were profiled using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS instrument and MassLynx 4.1 software. In silico evaluation was conducted with molecular docking on 3OLS protein using PyRx 0.8 software, and physicochemical properties of the compounds were analyzed using SwissADME webtool. The ethanolic extract of M. crenata leaves could reduce the MHC II expression in HMC3 microglia cells in all concentrations with the values 97.458, 139.574, and 82.128 AU. The result of metabolite profiling found 79 compounds in the extract. In silico evaluation showed that 19 compounds gave agonist interaction toward 3OLS, and three met all parameters of physicochemical analysis. The ethanolic extract of the environmental-controlled growth of M. crenata leaves antineuroinflammatory activity on HMC3 microglia cells. The extract was predicted to contain some phytoestrogen compounds which act as 3OLS agonists.
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Stafie CS, Solomon SM, Sufaru IG, Manaila M, Stafie II, Melinte G, Simionescu B, Leustean L. Pathogenic Connections in Post-COVID Conditions: What Do We Know in the Large Unknown? A Narrative Review. Viruses 2022; 14:1686. [PMID: 36016309 PMCID: PMC9413998 DOI: 10.3390/v14081686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease has long-term effects, known as post-COVID conditions (PCC) or long-COVID. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is defined by signs and symptoms that occur during or after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection which persist for more than 12 weeks and cannot be supported by an alternative diagnosis. The cardiovascular damage caused by COVID-19 in the severe forms of the disease is induced by severe systemic inflammation, considered to be one of the causes of myocardial lesions, with increased levels of circulating cytokines and toxic response mediators. We have focused on conditions that can induce long-COVID-19, or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults or children (MIS-C/MIS-A), with an emphasis on endocrinological and metabolic disorders. Although described less frequently in children than in adults, long-COVID syndrome should not be confused with MIS-C, which is an acute condition characterized by multisystem involvement and paraclinical evidence of inflammation in a pediatric patient who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, we mention that the MIS-A symptoms remit within a few weeks, while the duration of long-COVID is measured in months. Long-COVID syndrome, along with its complications, MIS-A and MIS-C, represents an important challenge in the medical community. Underlying comorbidities can expose both COVID-19 adult and pediatric patients to a higher risk of negative outcomes not only during, but in the aftermath of the SARS-CoV-2 infection as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Silvia Stafie
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity—Family Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Sorina Mihaela Solomon
- Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Georgeta Sufaru
- Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Manaila
- Endocrinology Residency Program, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei, 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (M.M.); (I.I.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Ingrid Ioana Stafie
- Endocrinology Residency Program, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei, 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (M.M.); (I.I.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Gabriela Melinte
- Endocrinology Residency Program, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independentei, 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (M.M.); (I.I.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Bianca Simionescu
- Pediatric Clinic No. 2, Mother and Child Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Letitia Leustean
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Menopausal Hormone Therapy and the Mind: The Role of Hormone Replacement in the Prevention and Treatment of Cognitive Decline, Dementia, and Cognitive Dysfunction of Depression. Harv Rev Psychiatry 2022; 30:215-225. [PMID: 35616610 DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
LEARNING OBJECTIVES After participating in this activity, learners should be better able to:• Outline the clinical recommendations for menopausal hormone treatment related to cognitive concerns• Debate and discuss the various research pieces on the use of menopausal hormone therapy cognitive decline, dysfunction, and dementia. ABSTRACT Menopause has been associated with subjective cognitive dysfunction and elevated rates of depression. While menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is Food and Drug Administration-approved for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms related to menopause, a potential role for MHT in treating and preventing cognitive decline, dysfunction, and dementia has remained unclear and a topic of continued interest and debate across decades of research. Increasing numbers of patients are seeking help for subjective cognitive decline, and those with poorer mental health are substantially more likely to perceive themselves to be at high risk of developing dementia; thus, mental health professionals are likely to encounter such patients and may be asked to provide advice concerning MHT, cognition, and indications for MHT use. Here, we synthesize the neurobiological effects of MHT, make recommendations for its use in current clinical practice in the contexts of cognitive dysfunction associated with major depressive disorder, cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's disease, and discuss the frontiers being explored by ongoing research on this topic. We conclude that MHT to improve cognitive functioning has only a few scenarios where it would be recommended and that particular caution may be warranted for carriers of the APOE ε4 allele.
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Eltokhi A, Sommer IE. A Reciprocal Link Between Gut Microbiota, Inflammation and Depression: A Place for Probiotics? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:852506. [PMID: 35546876 PMCID: PMC9081810 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.852506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a severe mental disorder that places a significant economic burden on public health. The reciprocal link between the trillions of bacteria in the gut, the microbiota, and depression is a controversial topic in neuroscience research and has drawn the attention of public interest and press coverage in recent years. Mounting pieces of evidence shed light on the role of the gut microbiota in depression, which is suggested to involve immune, endocrine, and neural pathways that are the main components of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota play major roles in brain development and physiology and ultimately behavior. The bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and brain function has been extensively explored in animal models of depression and clinical research in humans. Certain gut microbiota strains have been associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Therefore, oral intake of probiotics, the beneficial living bacteria and yeast, may represent a therapeutic approach for depression treatment. In this review, we summarize the findings describing the possible links between the gut microbiota and depression, focusing mainly on the inflammatory markers and sex hormones. By discussing preclinical and clinical studies on probiotics as a supplementary therapy for depression, we suggest that probiotics may be beneficial in alleviating depressive symptoms, possibly through immune modulation. Still, further comprehensive studies are required to draw a more solid conclusion regarding the efficacy of probiotics and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Eltokhi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Iris E Sommer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Crawford SL. Contributions of oophorectomy and other gynecologic surgeries to cognitive decline and dementia. Menopause 2022; 29:499-501. [PMID: 35324541 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sybil L Crawford
- UMass Chan Medical School, Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing, Worcester, MA
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Otto LD, Russart KLG, Kulkarni P, McTigue DM, Ferris CF, Pyter LM. Paclitaxel Chemotherapy Elicits Widespread Brain Anisotropy Changes in a Comprehensive Mouse Model of Breast Cancer Survivorship: Evidence From In Vivo Diffusion Weighted Imaging. Front Oncol 2022; 12:798704. [PMID: 35402248 PMCID: PMC8984118 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.798704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases in the United States with 1 in 8 women developing the disease in her lifetime. Women who develop breast cancer are often post-menopausal and undergo a complex sequence of treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, and aromatase inhibitor therapy. Both independently and through potential interactions, these factors and treatments are associated with behavioral comorbidities reported in patients (e.g., fatigue), although the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are poorly understood. Currently, brain imaging is the most feasible way to assess neurobiology in patients. Indeed, breast cancer patients display alterations in white matter connections and chemotherapy is associated with decreased white and gray matter in the corpus callosum and cortex as well as decreased hippocampal volume. However, imaging in breast cancer rodent models is lacking, impeding translation of the mechanistic neurobiological findings made possible through modeling. Furthermore, current rodent models of breast cancer often lack the complexity of typical multimodal breast cancer treatments, thereby limiting translational value. The present study aimed to develop a comprehensive model of post-menopausal breast cancer survival using immunocompetent ovariectomized mice, including an orthotopic syngeneic tumor, surgical tumor removal, chemotherapy, and aromatase inhibitor therapy. Using this model, we systematically investigated the cumulative effects of chemotherapy and hormone replacement therapy on neurostructure and behavior using diffusion weighted imaging, open field test, and spontaneous alternation test. Our previous findings, in a simplified chemotherapy-only model, indicate that this regimen of chemotherapy causes circulating and central inflammation concurrent with reduced locomotor activity. The current study, in the more comprehensive model, has recapitulated the peripheral inflammation coincident with reduced locomotor activity as well as demonstrated that chemotherapy also drives widespread changes in brain anisotropy. Validating the clinical relevance of this comprehensive rodent breast cancer model will allow for additional neurobiological investigations of the interactions among various cancer components associated with behavioral comorbidities, as well as the relationship between these mechanisms and neurostructural imaging changes that can be measured in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren D. Otto
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kathryn L. G. Russart
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Praveen Kulkarni
- Center for Translational Neuroimaging, Department of Psychology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dana M. McTigue
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Craig F. Ferris
- Center for Translational Neuroimaging, Department of Psychology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Leah M. Pyter
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Han Y, Zhang M, Duan J, Li L, Du J, Cheng H, Zhang S, Zhai Y, An X, Li Q, Zhang X, Li Z, Tang B. Maternal Prepregnancy 5-Hydroxytryptamine Exposure Affects the Early Development of the Fetus. Front Physiol 2022; 13:761357. [PMID: 35370795 PMCID: PMC8969228 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.761357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the increasing incidence of depression has contributed to an increase in the use of serotonergic drugs, such as antidepressants, which predisposes humans to serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is caused by elevated serotonin levels in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been well documented that the development of offspring can be affected by maternal exposure to environmental challenges, such as stress, diseases, or an unhealthy diet during pregnancy. Serotonin, also called 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is widely expressed in the female reproductive system and plays an important role in the development of follicles and embryos. However, whether the suffering of the mother from serotonin syndrome before pregnancy affects fetal development is still uncertain. In the present study, to explore the effect of maternal prepregnancy 5-HT exposure on the fetus, intraperitoneal injection of 5-HT was used to change maternal prepregnancy 5-HT levels. It was found that maternal prepregnancy 5-HT exposure significantly reduced the body weight and liver weight and the levels of estrogen and progesterone in female mice. Although there was no significant difference in the cleavage rate and blastocyst rate between the 5-HT and control groups, maternal prepregnancy 5-HT exposure increased the percentage of embryo resorption, decreased placental weight, and led to placental inflammation at E13.5. Notably, 5-HT exposure caused weight loss in the offspring at 2 weeks. These results suggested that maternal prepregnancy 5-HT exposure could affect the development of the offspring, which was partly caused by reduced hormonal secretion and placental inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Academy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahui Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Leyi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinge Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Academy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhui Zhai
- Academy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglan An
- Academy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Li
- Academy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Academy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Tang,
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Infrared thermography as valuable tool for gynoid lipodystrophy (cellulite) diagnosis. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2639-2644. [PMID: 35237888 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellulite is a morphological alteration of the tegument tissue, directly interfering in self-esteem with etiology and pathophysiology far from being a consensus. Although the visual diagnosis of cellulitis is well known, it does not represent the real pathological condition of the subcutaneous tissue. The aim of the study was to investigate the hypothesis that the more heterogeneous tissue pattern analyzed by infrared thermography, the more severe is the cellulite grade. Forty female participants were selected and 60 thighs were analyzed by clinical anamnesis and infrared thermography. Classical visual analysis was correlated to the tissue heterogeneity measured by thermography. R Spearman's correlation between visual evaluation and thermography was 0.92. Phototype presented a negative significant correlation of 0.67 with classical visual analysis. In the present study, we presented a simple method based on infrared thermography that can be adopted in any esthetics office with a correlation of 0.92 with the visual classic evaluation, but, besides, may be very helpful to the clinician to decide which treatment will be adopted, i.e., an aggressive and inflammatory approach such as the radiofrequency of shockwave therapy or an anti-inflammatory approach such as photobiomodulation, depending on the inflammatory status of cellulite.
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Zou C, Sun H, Lu C, Chen W, Guo VY. Nighttime sleep duration, restlessness and risk of multimorbidity - A longitudinal study among middle-aged and older adults in China. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 99:104580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Metcalf CA, Johnson RL, Novick AM, Freeman EW, Sammel MD, Anthony LG, Epperson CN. Adverse childhood experiences interact with inflammation and menopause transition stage to predict verbal memory in women. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 20:100411. [PMID: 35079709 PMCID: PMC8777090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women with more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may face a triple threat of risk factors for cognitive concerns during the menopause transition: reduced estradiol, increased inflammation, and early life stress sequelae. Our objective was to determine the extent to which ACEs and peripheral basal inflammatory markers associate with verbal memory across the menopause transition. METHODS Penn Ovarian Aging cohort participants (n = 167) were assessed for ACEs (low (0-1) or high (≥2)) and had remaining stored blood samples at study end assayed for interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1-beta (IL-1β), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Annual assessment included a verbal memory test (the Buschke Selective Reminding Test) and menopause stage determination. To estimate the effects of menopause stage, ACEs, and cytokines on verbal memory, repeated cognitive outcome measures were modeled in generalized estimating equations. Covariates included body mass index, smoking, race, education, age at baseline, and baseline verbal memory performance. Cytokine levels were log-transformed. RESULTS Advancing menopause stage was associated with worse performance on immediate verbal recall and delayed verbal recall (ps < 0.001). During perimenopause, higher ACE exposure was associated with worse immediate verbal recall at higher levels of TNF-α (slope difference p = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS Inflammation may mechanistically link ACEs and verbal memory for high ACE women during perimenopause. Reducing inflammation for these individuals may have positive impact on verbal memory across the menopause transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A. Metcalf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Rachel L. Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Andrew M. Novick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ellen W. Freeman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mary D. Sammel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Laura G. Anthony
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - C. Neill Epperson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Peters R, Dodge HH, James S, Jicha GA, Meyer PF, Richards M, Smith AD, Yassine HN, Abner E, Hainsworth AH, Kehoe PG, Beckett N, Anderson CS, Anstey KJ. The epidemiology is promising, but the trial evidence is weak. Why pharmacological dementia risk reduction trials haven't lived up to expectations, and where do we go from here? Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:507-512. [PMID: 34726352 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for interventions that can prevent or delay cognitive decline and dementia. Decades of epidemiological research have identified potential pharmacological strategies for risk factor modification to prevent these serious conditions, but clinical trials have failed to confirm the potential efficacy for such interventions. Our multidisciplinary international group reviewed seven high-potential intervention strategies in an attempt to identify potential reasons for the mismatch between the observational and trial results. In considering our findings, we offer constructive recommendations for the next steps. Overall, we observed some differences in the observational evidence base for the seven strategies, but several common methodological themes that emerged. These themes included the appropriateness of trial populations and intervention strategies, including the timing of interventions and other aspects of trials methodology. To inform the design of future clinical trials, we provide recommendations for the next steps in finding strategies for effective dementia risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Peters
- Neuroscience Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hiroko H Dodge
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sarah James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Pierre-Francois Meyer
- Center for Studies on the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (PREVENT-AD), Verdun, Québec, Canada
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - A David Smith
- OPTIMA, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hussein N Yassine
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erin Abner
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Atticus H Hainsworth
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St Georges, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Nigel Beckett
- Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Craig S Anderson
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- Neuroscience Research, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Association between risk of obstructive sleep apnea, inflammation and cognition after 45 years old in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Sleep Med 2022; 91:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Corrê MDS, de Freitas BS, Machado GDB, Pires VN, Bromberg E, Hallak JEC, Zuardi AW, Crippa JAS, Schröder N. Cannabidiol reverses memory impairments and activates components of the Akt/GSK3β pathway in an experimental model of estrogen depletion. Behav Brain Res 2022; 417:113555. [PMID: 34450240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical evidence has indicated that estrogen depletion leads to memory impairments and increases the susceptibility to neural damage. Here, we have sought to investigate the effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) a non-psychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa, on memory deficits induced by estrogen depletion in rats, and its underlying mechanisms. Adult rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy, an established estrogen depletion model in rodents, or sham surgery and allowed to recover for three weeks. After that, they received daily injections of CBD (10 mg/kg) for fourteen days. Rats were tested in the inhibitory avoidance task, a type of emotionally-motivated memory. After behavioral testing they were euthanized, and their hippocampi were isolated for analysis of components of the Akt/GSK3β survival pathway and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl2. Results revealed that ovariectomy impaired avoidance memory, and CBD was able to completely reverse estrogen depletion-induced memory impairment. Ovariectomy also reduced Akt/GSK3β pathway's activation by decreasing the phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK3β and Bcl2 levels, which were ameliorated by CBD. The present results indicate that CBD leads to a functional recovery accompanied by the Akt/GSK3β survival pathway's activation, supporting its potential as a treatment for estrogen decline-induced deterioration of neural functioning and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio da Silveira Corrê
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Health, Integrated Regional University of Upper Uruguay and Missions, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Dalto Barroso Machado
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Naziaseno Pires
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elke Bromberg
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jaime E C Hallak
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Waldo Zuardi
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Della Torre S, Vegeto E, Ciana P. The Use of ERE-Luc Reporter Mice to Monitor Estrogen Receptor Transcriptional Activity in a Spatio-Temporal Dimension. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2418:153-172. [PMID: 35119665 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1920-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the fact that women spend 1/3 of their lives in postmenopause, the search for appropriate therapies able to counteract the derangements associated with the menopause still represents a sort of sought after the "Holy Grail."Nowadays, the combination of estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), a class of compounds with a mixed agonist/antagonistic activity on the estrogen receptor (ER) in various tissues, represents the most promising approach to improve postmenopausal women's health, by preserving the benefits while avoiding the side effects of estrogen-based therapy.Given their complex mechanisms of action, the evaluation of SERM activity in combination with conjugated estrogens (CE) requires a multifactorial analysis that takes into account the multifaceted and dynamic effects of these compounds in target tissues, even in relation to the physiological/pathological status.To accomplish such a goal, we took advantage of the ERE-Luc model, a reporter mouse that allows the monitoring of ER transcriptional activity in a spatio-temporal dimension. Cluster analyses performed on in vivo/ex vivo bioluminescence (BLI) data and ex vivo luciferase activity enabled to sustain the combination of CE plus bazedoxifene (TSEC, tissue-selective estrogen complex) as a valuable option for the pharmacological treatment of the postmenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Della Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Vegeto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciana
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Zhang J, Mai CL, Xiong Y, Lin ZJ, Jie YT, Mai JZ, Liu C, Xie MX, Zhou X, Liu XG. The Causal Role of Magnesium Deficiency in the Neuroinflammation, Pain Hypersensitivity and Memory/Emotional Deficits in Ovariectomized and Aged Female Mice. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6633-6656. [PMID: 34908863 PMCID: PMC8665878 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s330894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Postmenopausal women often suffer from chronic pain, memory decline and mood depression. The mechanisms underlying the neuronal disorders are not fully understood, and effective treatment is still lacking. Methods Oral administration of magnesium-L-threonate was tested to treat the neuronal disorders in ovariectomized and aged female mice. The pain hypersensitivity, memory function and depression-like behaviors were measured with a set of behavioral tests. Western blots, immunochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to assess molecular changes. Results Chronic oral administration of magnesium-L-threonate substantially prevented or reversed the chronic pain and memory/emotional deficits in both ovariectomized and aged female mice. We found that phospho-p65, an active form of nuclear factor-kappaB, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta were significantly upregulated in the neurons of dorsal root ganglion, spinal dorsal horn and hippocampus in ovariectomized and aged mice. The microglia and astrocytes were activated in spinal dorsal horn and hippocampus. Calcitonin gene–related peptide, a marker for peptidergic C-fibers, was upregulated in dorsal horn, which is associated with potentiation of C-fiber-mediated synaptic transmission in the model mice. In parallel with neuroinflammation and synaptic potentiation, free Mg2+ levels in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and in dorsal root ganglion neurons were significantly reduced. Oral magnesium-L-threonate normalized the neuroinflammation, synaptic potentiation and Mg2+ deficiency, but did not affect the estrogen decline in ovariectomized and aged mice. Furthermore, in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons, estrogen at physiological concentration elevated intracellular Mg2+, and downregulated phospho-p65, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta exclusively in the presence of extracellular Mg2+. Conclusion Estrogen decline in menopause may cause neuroinflammation by reducing intracellular Mg2+ in neurons, leading to chronic pain, memory/emotional deficits. Supplement Mg2+ by oral magnesium-L-threonate may be a novel approach for treating menopause-related neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Lin Mai
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Jia Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Tao Jie
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Zhen Mai
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Xiu Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Guo Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pain Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Second Provincial Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
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Peters R, Breitner J, James S, Jicha GA, Meyer P, Richards M, Smith AD, Yassine HN, Abner E, Hainsworth AH, Kehoe PG, Beckett N, Weber C, Anderson C, Anstey KJ, Dodge HH. Dementia risk reduction: why haven't the pharmacological risk reduction trials worked? An in-depth exploration of seven established risk factors. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021; 7:e12202. [PMID: 34934803 PMCID: PMC8655351 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the leading health and lifestyle factors for the risk of incident dementia and Alzheimer's disease has yet to translate to risk reduction. To understand why, we examined the discrepancies between observational and clinical trial evidence for seven modifiable risk factors: type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, estrogens, inflammation, omega-3 fatty acids, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Sample heterogeneity and paucity of intervention details (dose, timing, formulation) were common themes. Epidemiological evidence is more mature for some interventions (eg, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]) than others. Trial data are promising for anti-hypertensives and B vitamin supplementation. Taken together, these risk factors highlight a future need for more targeted sample selection in clinical trials, a better understanding of interventions, and deeper analysis of existing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Peters
- Neuroscience ResearchSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Psychology University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - John Breitner
- Douglas Hospital Research Center and McGill UniversityQuebecCanada
| | - Sarah James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Pierre‐Francois Meyer
- Center for Studies on the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (PREVENT‐AD)VerdunQuebecCanada
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - A. David Smith
- OPTIMADepartment of PharmacologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Hussein N. Yassine
- Departments of Medicine and NeurologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Erin Abner
- University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Atticus H. Hainsworth
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research InstituteSt GeorgesUniversity of LondonLondonUK
- Department of NeurologySt George's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | | | | | - Craig Anderson
- The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Kaarin J. Anstey
- Neuroscience ResearchSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Psychology University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Lin C, Chen K, Yu J, Feng W, Fu W, Yang F, Zhang X, Chen D. Relationship between TNF-α levels and psychiatric symptoms in first-episode drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia before and after risperidone treatment and in chronic patients. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:561. [PMID: 34763685 PMCID: PMC8588730 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of antipsychotic drugs on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels is unclear, and there is no consensus on the association between TNF-α and psychotic symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the differences in TNF-α levels and clinical correlations in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) patients with schizophrenia before and after treatment and in chronic patients. METHODS A total of 103 (51 FEDN and 52 chronic) patients and 114 healthy controls were recruited. Demographic and clinical data, including TNF-α levels, were recorded. We used the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to measure the psychopathology of all patients. RESULTS TNF-α levels before treatment were significantly higher in FEDN patients than in chronic patients and healthy controls. No significant sex differences were found in the TNF-α levels of patients with schizophrenia. The TNF-α levels before treatment were significantly positively related to changes in PANSS negative symptoms in FEDN patients. The TNF-α levels in chronic patients were significantly negatively correlated with the general psychopathology subscales and PANSS total scores. CONCLUSIONS Increased TNF-α levels in FEDN patients and their correlation with psychopathology indicate that inflammatory cytokines may play a crucial role in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia, and inflammation-directed therapy may, therefore, improve negative symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lin
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Chen
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjin Yu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Feng
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihong Fu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fude Yang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Dachun Chen
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China.
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Putri C, Arisa J, Hananto JE, Hariyanto TI, Kurniawan A. Psychiatric sequelae in COVID-19 survivors: A narrative review. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:821-829. [PMID: 34733644 PMCID: PMC8546765 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i10.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was initially reported in Wuhan, China. Previous epidemics including SARS and middle east respiratory syndrome raises concern that COVID-19 infection may pose a significant threat to the mental health of affected individuals. Studies and reviews have shown the acute psychiatric manifestations in COVID-19 patients, although long term psychiatric sequelae are predicted, there are only few review studies about the long term psychiatry outcome in COVID-19 survivors. Clinically significant post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and/or depression among COVID-19 survivors during 14-90 d were observed following the diagnosis. Risk of anxiety or depression were higher in patients with more severe illness at 6 mo follow-up, early convalescence, and at 1 mo follow-up. Diagnosis of COVID-19 Led to more first diagnoses and relapses of psychiatric illness during the first 14-90 d after COVID-19 diagnosis. The possible underlying mechanisms of psychiatric sequelae in COVID-19 infection are neurotropism, immune response to SARS-CoV-2, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity, disrupted neuronal circuits in several brain regions, increased stress levels, neuroinflammation, and neuronal death. This study will review the psychiatric sequelae in previous coronavirus pandemics, current studies, risk factors, and thorough explanation on pathophysiology of the psychiatric sequalae in COVID-19 survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Putri
- Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia
| | - Jessie Arisa
- Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Andree Kurniawan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia
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Huang HJ, Chen JL, Liao JF, Chen YH, Chieu MW, Ke YY, Hsu CC, Tsai YC, Hsieh-Li HM. Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 prevents cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease mice by modulating propionic acid levels, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta activity, and gliosis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:259. [PMID: 34627204 PMCID: PMC8502419 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background According to recent evidence, psychobiotics exert beneficial effects on central nervous system-related diseases, such as mental disorders. Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 (PS128), a novel psychobiotic strain, improves motor function, depression, and anxiety behaviors. However, the psychobiotic effects and mechanisms of PS128 in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain to be explored. Objectives The goal of the current study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of PS128 and to further elucidate its mechanism in AD mice. Methods PS128 (1010 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml) was administered via oral gavage (o.g.) to 6-month-old male wild-type B6 and 3 × Tg-AD mice (harboring the PS1M146V, APPswe and TauP30IL transgenes) that received an intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (icv-STZ, 3 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline) for 33 days. After serial behavioral tests, fecal short-chain fatty acid levels and AD-related pathology were assessed in these mice. Results Our findings show that intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin accelerated cognitive dysfunction associated with increasing levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) activity, tau protein phosphorylation at the T231 site (pT231), amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), β-site AβPP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1), gliosis, fecal propionic acid (PPA) levels and cognition-related neuronal loss and decreasing postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) levels in 3 × Tg-AD mice. PS128 supplementation effectively prevented the damage induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin in 3 × Tg-AD mice. Conclusions Based on the experimental results, intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin accelerates the progression of AD in the 3 × Tg-AD mice, primarily by increasing the levels of gliosis, which were mediated by the propionic acid and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathways. PS128 supplementation prevents damage induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin by regulating the propionic acid levels, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta activity, and gliosis in 3 × Tg-AD mice. Therefore, we suggest that PS128 supplementation is a potential strategy to prevent and/or delay the progression of AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03426-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei-Jen Huang
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 11260, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Ling Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Fu Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Chen
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 11260, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wei Chieu
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 11260, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Ke
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | | | - Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan.
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