1
|
Petzold MB, Betzler F, Plag J, Ströhle A, Bendau A. Advising activity-knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding the recommendation of physical activity in clinical psychologists. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:1277-1287. [PMID: 38714563 PMCID: PMC11362258 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity comes with multiple benefits for physical but also mental health and can be a pivotal element in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Clinical psychologists play an important role in supporting their patients in increasing physical activity levels. Up to date, there is only little research on recommendation of physical activity in psychologists worldwide and no such research for psychologists in Germany. Aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors regarding physical activity in psychologists in Germany. METHODS We assessed knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors regarding physical activity among a sample of clinical psychologists in Germany using the "Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire-German" (EMIQ-G) in a cross-sectional online survey. RESULTS 454 participants were included in the analysis. Participants reported moderate levels of knowledge and self-confidence in recommending physical activity. Only 14% of the participants received formal training regarding physical activity recommendation. Most participants recommended physical activity to their patients, primarily through personal discussions and referrals to exercise professionals. About one third did not give any recommendations regarding intensity. Strength training was only recommended by a minority. CONCLUSION There is a need for greater integration of information and instructions regarding the recommendation of physical activity in the treatment of people with mental disorders in the training and further education of psychologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Bruno Petzold
- Department of Psychology, Medical School Berlin, Mecklenburgische Str. 57, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Felix Betzler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Plag
- Department of Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
- Oberberg Fachklinik Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Bendau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine, HMU Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baceviciene M, Bliujute K, Jankauskiene R. Analysis of Factors Contributing to State Body Appreciation during Exercise. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:690. [PMID: 39199086 PMCID: PMC11351326 DOI: 10.3390/bs14080690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to analyse the factors contributing to state body appreciation (SBA) during exercise. After providing their informed consent, 200 study participants (mean age 30.0 ± 9.4 years, 72.0% were men) filled in an online questionnaire immediately after the completion of resistance training (n = 125), cardiovascular exercise (n = 55), or functional/interval group exercise (n = 20) sessions. The study measures included socio-demographic variables, body mass index (BMI), the duration of involvement in sports, SBA, state body surveillance (SBS), state mindfulness in physical activity, state intrinsic exercise regulation, and perceived pleasantness during exercise. The results showed that exercisers involved in sports for >2 years and those whose body weight was within a healthy range (<25.0 kg/m2) demonstrated higher SBA and mindfulness during exercise, lower SBS, more intrinsic exercise regulation, and higher satisfaction during physical activity compared to exercisers with less exercise experience (≤2 years) and a body weight higher than a healthy range (≥25.0 kg/m2). The negative effects of being overweight or obese were more pronounced in individuals with ≤2 years of sports participation, except regarding body surveillance and monitoring the mind. The factors significantly contributing to SBA during the exercise sessions were a longer duration of involvement in sports, a lower BMI and SBS, and greater mindful body acceptance and exercise pleasantness. Decreasing SBS and enhancing mindful body acceptance, pleasantness, and intrinsic motivation during exercise might significantly contribute to SBA in physical activity. These results can inform physical-activity-based programmes aiming to promote a positive body image. Also, these results show that it is important to increase education and develop competencies for fitness coaches to create inclusive and positive-body-image-promoting sports environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Migle Baceviciene
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Bliujute
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Rasa Jankauskiene
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sutkowska E, Biernat K, Mazurek J, Hap K, Kuciel N, Sutkowska M, Marciniak D. Level and limitations of physical activity in patients with excess body weight or diabetes. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2024; 10:e002041. [PMID: 38868839 PMCID: PMC11168137 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is recommended to prevent or treat many diseases, but various factors may limit it. We analyse the level of PA and the barriers to undertaking it. Patients aged 18-64 with diabetes or at least overweight completed the following questionnaires: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Accompanying Survey (AS). For statistical analysis, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U, χ2-Pearson, correspondence analysis and meta-analysis (OR with ±95% CI) were used, and α=0.05 was assumed. Of 191 sets of questionnaires were analysed (67% from women). The median (MD) age for the group was 50.5 years, MD for metabolic equivalents (METs): 2079 (MET-min/week); 16.23% of subjects scored insufficient, 46.07% sufficient and 37.7% high PA according to the IPAQ scale. A relationship between the IPAQ and PA level results from the AS was confirmed (χ2; p=0.00047). The most common reasons indicated for not taking up PA were lack of time due to professional work (49%) and additional duties (32%) as well as fatigue from daily duties (44%). Participants <45 years were more likely to indicate additional duties (p=0.013), participants >45 years illnesses (p=0.04) and people with BMI (body mass index) ≥30 kg/m2, 'fatigue from daily duties' (p=0.019) as an obstacle to undertaking PA. 'Lack of suitable conditions to undertake PA' was indicated more often by patients with primary education (p<0.01), diabetes (p=0.037), after myocardial infarction (p=0.039) and those under psychiatric treatment (p=0.039). Women more often declared a lack of motivation (p=0.018). Residents of big cities and those with BMI ≥30 were more likely to assess their PA as 'insufficient' (p=0.0260 and p=0.0081, respectively). The overwhelming number of respondents who were in the age of professional activity had a sufficient level of PA. The most common barriers to undertaking PA were lack of time and fatigue, related to both work and non-work activities, but specific barriers were also found for women and patients with various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Sutkowska
- University Rehabilitation Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Biernat
- University Rehabilitation Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Mazurek
- University Rehabilitation Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hap
- University Rehabilitation Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Kuciel
- University Rehabilitation Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Donovan CM, McNulty B. Living with obesity in Ireland: determinants, policy and future perspectives. Proc Nutr Soc 2024; 83:82-94. [PMID: 38047397 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123004780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the prevalence of those living with obesity (≥30 kg/m2) is rising, with this trend expected to continue if firm and decisive policy interventions are not introduced. Across Europe, despite many consecutive policies aiming to reverse rising trends in weight status over recent decades, no country is currently on track to halt and reverse current trends in the coming years. This is evident in Ireland too, whereby the reporting of nationally representative weight status data show that targets have not been achieved since reporting began. The aim of this review is to critically appraise recent evidence relating to the key determinants of obesity including weight status, diet quality and physical activity with an emphasis on socioeconomic inequalities. And to consider these in the context of respective policy measures and propose future-focused recommendations. Furthermore, as with the complex nature of obesity, multifaceted approaches that shift the focus from the individual and place responsibility at a societal level will be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Donovan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - B McNulty
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Maio Nascimento M, Marques A, Gouveia ÉR, Ihle A. Exploring sex differences regarding the mediation of the relationship between depression and quality of life via moderate and vigorous physical activity in old age: A longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:156-162. [PMID: 38000465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo de Maio Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil.
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; ISAMB, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; Laboratory of Robotics and Engineering Systems (LARSYS), Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research LIVES, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Margolis G, Cohen O, Roguin A. Vigorous physical activity and atrial fibrillation in healthy individuals: What is the correct approach? Clin Cardiol 2024; 47:e24237. [PMID: 38440948 PMCID: PMC10913085 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Sport activity compared to sedentary life is associated with improved wellbeing and risk reduction in many different health conditions including atrial fibrillation (AF). Vigorous physical activity is associated with increased AF risk. We describe four individuals, who regularly perform endurance sport activity and developed AF. We discuss the changes occurring in the heart of endurance athletes and the possible etiology for AF, as well as currently available treatment options in this seemingly healthy population. Although the etiology of AF in the general population differs from the one in the usually younger endurance sport activity population, the treatment options are similar. There are several factors unique to those involved in vigorous physical activity that can influence their management. Despite a lack of evidence, endurance athletes with AF have traditionally been advised to "de-training," to reduce both the amount and intensity of exercise. Some of the current offered treatment options (beta-blockers, class III antiarrhythmic) have a varied range of adverse effect, hindering them unattractive for these individuals. Depending on risk stratification tools, anticoagulation may be indicated. Some suggest an intermittent dosing therapy, while others recommend following current guidelines. AF ablation is recommended in exercising individuals with recurrent, symptomatic AF and/or in those who do not want drug therapy, given its impact on athletic performance, AF treatment decisions should be individualized for those engaging vigorous physical activity, while considering the potential risks, the urgency of returning to training, and the will and expectations of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilad Margolis
- Hillel Yaffe Medical CenterCardiology DepartmentHaderaIsrael
- Ruth and Bruc Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Oshri Cohen
- Hillel Yaffe Medical CenterCardiology DepartmentHaderaIsrael
- Ruth and Bruc Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Ariel Roguin
- Hillel Yaffe Medical CenterCardiology DepartmentHaderaIsrael
- Ruth and Bruc Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Delfino LD, Tebar WR, Christofaro DGD. Prevalence and association of compliance with the Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines with sociodemographic aspects in Brazilian adults: a cross-sectional epidemiological study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:262. [PMID: 38254074 PMCID: PMC10804558 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17720-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physical inactivity is a global health concern, so that recommendations on sufficient physical activity levels are elaborated worldwide, such as in Brazil. However, the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines were first in the world to consider time-specific recommendations for physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep, which is still not developed for Latin-American population. The present study aimed to verify the adherence to Canadian 24-hour guidelines in a Brazilian inner city and to analyze its association with sociodemographic aspects. METHODS A cross-sectional epidemiological study, with a sample composed by 250 adults (140 women), with a median age of 41.0 years. Objective measures of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior were collected by accelerometry. Sleep duration and sociodemographic aspects (ethnicity, gender, age, educational attainment and socioeconomic level) were obtained through a face-to-face questionnaire. Canadian 24-hour guidelines considered ≥ 150 min/week of MVPA, <8 h/day of sedentary behavior and daily sleep time between 7 and 9 h, being analyzed separately and in combination. Poisson regression with robust variance estimator was used to analyze the prevalence ratio (PR) of meeting the 24-hour guidelines according to the categories of sociodemographic variables, being performed by the software IBM SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS The complete 24-hour guidelines were met only by 24.4% of sample (n = 61). Sedentary behavior was the most met guideline (88%), followed by MVPA (56.8%) and sleep (53.2%), without significant difference according to sex. When compared to elderly participants, those participants in younger groups (18-39 years and 40-59 years) were more likely to meet MVPA guideline (PR = 2.51 [95%CI = 1.47; 4.28] and PR = 2.60 [95%CI = 1.52; 4.45], respectively), as well as the combination of MVPA and sedentary behavior (PR = 1.98 [95%CI = 1.13; 3.44] and PR = 2.17 [95%CI = 1.25; 3.79], respectively) and MVPA with the sleep guideline (PR = 2.39 [95%CI = 1.09; 5.27] only for 18-39 years group). Men were more likely to meet MVPA guideline than women (PR = 1.29 [95%CI = 1.04; 1.59]). CONCLUSION Younger aged and male adults were more likely to meet the Canadian 24-hour guidelines in a small Brazilian city. However, further studies with larger and representative samples of sociodemographic stratum are still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Dragueta Delfino
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP Presidente Prudente, 19060-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - William Rodrigues Tebar
- Center of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo - USP, 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP Presidente Prudente, 19060-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lamb KE, Daniel M, Chaix B, Kestens Y, Coffee NT, Thornton LE. Socioeconomic differences in associations between living in a 20-min neighbourhood and diet, physical activity and self-rated health: Cross-sectional findings from ProjectPLAN. Health Place 2023; 84:103119. [PMID: 37742399 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The 20-min neighbourhood (20MN) concept aims to enable residents to meet daily needs using resources within a 20-min trip from home noting that there is no single definition of what services and amenities are required for daily needs nor what modes of transport constitute a 20 min trip. Whether 20MNs promote better health and whether associations differ by socio-economic status (SES) is unknown. Using cross-sectional data from adults randomly sampled in 2018-19 from Melbourne or Adelaide, Australia, we examined whether associations between neighbourhood type (20MN/non-20MN) and diet, physical activity or self-rated health vary according to individual- or area-level SES. We found no consistent patterns of interactions. The results do not consistently support the often assumed belief that 20MNs support more healthful behaviour and that these relationships vary by SES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Lamb
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Mark Daniel
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, GeoHealth Laboratory, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Basile Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Nemesis Research team, F75012, Paris, France
| | - Yan Kestens
- École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Neil T Coffee
- Deakin Rural Health, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool, VIC, Australia
| | - Lukar E Thornton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saffari M, Chen IH, Huang PC, O’Brien KS, Hsieh YP, Chen JK, Chang YH, Jiang X, Bevan N, Chang YL, Chen JS, Tsai CC, Griffiths MD, Lin CY. Measurement Invariance and Psychometric Evaluation of the Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS) Among Mainland Chinese University Students. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:3821-3836. [PMID: 37724136 PMCID: PMC10505390 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s425804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preventative factors in young people's physical inactivity require further understanding, including related psychosocial factors (eg, body image and weight stigma). The Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS) is a recently developed instrument to address this issue and the present study examined its psychometric properties among Chinese university students particularly in relation to patterns across sex, physical activity (PA) level, and weight status. Methods Using a convenience sample of 3142 students (mean age = 19.8 years; 56% female) in mainland China, data were collected using an online survey between August and October 2022. Psychometric instruments including the Weight Bias Internalization Scale, 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form were administered along with the TAPAS to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed the measurement invariance across specific groups. Results The unidimensional structure of the scale was confirmed through CFA (CFI=0.995; RMSEA=0.046). All configural, metric and scalar models of invariance indicated that the scale was invariant across sex, PA level, and weight status. Acceptable convergent and discriminant validity for the scale were found. Conclusion The TAPAS is a suitable instrument to assess body image and weight stigma concerns for avoiding physical activity and sport among Chinese university students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Saffari
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Education Department, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - I-Hua Chen
- Chinese Academy of Education Big Data, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Po-Ching Huang
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kerry S O’Brien
- School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yi-Ping Hsieh
- Department of Social Work, College of Nursing and Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Ji-Kang Chen
- Department of Social Work, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xingyong Jiang
- Yangan Primary School of Qionglai City, Qionglai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nadia Bevan
- School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yen-Ling Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Sheng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chung Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Richard V, Piumatti G, Pullen N, Lorthe E, Guessous I, Cantoreggi N, Stringhini S. Socioeconomic inequalities in sport participation: pattern per sport and time trends - a repeated cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:785. [PMID: 37118691 PMCID: PMC10141913 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sport participation is an important component of a healthy lifestyle and is known to be more common among privileged individuals. However, few studies examined socio-demographic patterns of participation by type of activity. This study aims at quantifying socio-economic inequalities in sport participation by sport type, and to analyse their trend over 15 years. METHODS We used 2005-2019 data from the Bus Santé study, a yearly population-based cross-sectional survey of Geneva adults. Sport participation was defined as reporting at least one sporting activity over the previous week; educational level, household income and occupational position were used as indicators of socio-economic position. Socio-economic inequalities in sport participation, and their trend over time, were examined using the relative and slope indexes of inequality (RII/SII). RESULTS Out of 7769 participants (50.8% women, mean age 46 years old), 60% participated in a sporting activity. Results showed that the higher the socioeconomic circumstances, the higher the sport participation (RII = 1.78; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.64-1.92; SII = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.29-0.37 for education). Relative inequalities varied per sport e.g., 0.68 (95%CI: 0.44-1.07) for football and 4.25 (95%CI: 2.68-6.75) for tennis/badminton for education. Yearly absolute inequalities in sport participation tended to increase between 2005 and 2019 for household income, especially among women and older adults. CONCLUSIONS We observed strong socio-economic inequalities in sport participation in Geneva, with different magnitude depending on the sport type. These inequalities seemed to increase over the 2005-2019 period. Our results call for tailored measures to promote the participation of socially disadvantaged populations in sporting activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Richard
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Jean-Violette 29, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland
| | | | - Nick Pullen
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Jean-Violette 29, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland
| | - Elsa Lorthe
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Jean-Violette 29, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland
| | - Idris Guessous
- Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland
- Division and Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle- Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Cantoreggi
- Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Chemin des Mines 9, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Jean-Violette 29, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland.
- University Center for General Medicine and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 44, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Inflammation and severity of depressive symptoms in physically active individuals after COVID-19 – An exploratory immunopsychological study investigating the effect of inflammation on depressive symptom severity. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100614. [PMID: 37033771 PMCID: PMC10035808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 infection is a risk factor for the development of depressive symptoms such as lack of energy, loss of interest, and depressed mood. Inflammatory processes might underline this association. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between inflammatory markers and the severity of depression after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the predictive effect of inflammatory markers on the severity of depressive symptoms. Lifestyle factors and lifestyle-related diseases can influence inflammation and depressive symptoms. As these lifestyle factors and lifestyle-related diseases are less common in physically active individuals, they are a suitable population for investigating this research question. Methods We investigated 61 at least moderate physically active individuals on average ∼6 months (SD = 4.22, range = 0.5–19 months) after SARS-CoV-2 infection (t0) and performed a follow-up after 3 months (t1). Depressive symptoms and biomarkers of inflammation (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-8, IL-10, Ferritin, Lipopolysaccharide-binding-protein [LBP], neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR], lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio [LMR]) and kynurenine [KYN] were measured at both time points. Concentrations of inflammatory markers at t0 were used to predict the severity of depressive symptoms at t0 and t1. Results Concentrations of KYN were negatively related to the severity of depressive symptoms at t0. Concentrations of LMR predicted higher depressive symptoms at t0 as well as at t1. Furthermore, individuals with lower concentrations of LBP at t0 showed a higher severity of depressive symptoms at t1. No correlation was found between severity of depressive symptoms and IL1β, IL-8, IL-10, ferritin, NLR, and PLR at both time points. Conclusions KYN, LBP and LMR might be useful as a predictive factor of depressive symptoms in physically active individuals after SARS-CoV-2 infection. While the results for KYN confirm the current scientific evidence, our results highlight the importance of the innovative inflammatory markers LMR and LBP. LMR and LBP might be interesting targets for predicting the development of depressive symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 infected populations and should be further investigated in future studies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Tummers SCMW, Hommersom A, Lechner L, Bemelmans R, Bolman CAW. Determinants of physical activity behaviour change in (online) interventions, and gender-specific differences: a Bayesian network model. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:155. [PMID: 36536443 PMCID: PMC9762063 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is known to be beneficial for health, but adherence to international PA guidelines is low across different subpopulations. Interventions have been designed to stimulate PA of different target groups by influencing relevant psycho-social determinants, essentially based on a combination of the Integrated Model for Change, the Theory of Planned Behaviour, its successor the Reasoned Action Approach and the self-determination theory. The current study investigates the pathways through which interventions influence PA. Further, gender differences in pathways of change are studied. METHODS An integrated dataset of five different randomised controlled trial intervention studies is analysed by estimating a Bayesian network. The data include measurements, at baseline and at 3, 6 (short-term), and 12 (long-term) months after the baseline, of important socio-cognitive determinants of PA, demographic factors, and PA outcomes. A fragment is extracted from the Bayesian network consisting of paths between the intervention variable, determinants, and short- and long-term PA outcomes. For each relationship between variables, a stability indicator and its mutual information are computed. Such a model is estimated for the full dataset, and in addition such a model is estimated based only on male and female participants' data to investigate gender differences. RESULTS The general model (for the full dataset) shows complex paths, indicating that the intervention affects short-term PA via the direct determinants of intention and habit and that self-efficacy, attitude, intrinsic motivation, social influence concepts, planning and commitment have an indirect influence. The model also shows how effects are maintained in the long-term and that previous PA behaviour, intention and attitude pros are direct determinants of long-term PA. The gender-specific models show similarities as well as important differences between the structures of paths for the male- and female subpopulations. For both subpopulations, intention and habit play an important role for short-term effects and maintenance of effects in the long-term. Differences are found in the role of self-efficacy in paths of behaviour change and in the fact that attitude is relevant for males, whereas planning plays a crucial role for females. The average of these differences in subpopulation mechanisms appears to be presented in the general model. CONCLUSIONS While previous research provided limited insight into how interventions influence PA through relevant determinants, the Bayesian network analyses show the relevance of determinants mentioned by the theoretical framework. The model clarifies the role that different determinants play, especially in interaction with each other. The Bayesian network provides new knowledge about the complex working mechanism of interventions to change PA by giving an insightful overview of influencing paths. Furthermore, by presenting subpopulation-specific networks, the difference between the influence structure of males and females is illustrated. These new insights can be used to improve interventions in order to enhance their effects. To accomplish this, we have developed a new methodology based on a Bayesian network analysis which may be applicable in various other studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arjen Hommersom
- grid.36120.360000 0004 0501 5439Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands ,grid.5590.90000000122931605Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lilian Lechner
- grid.36120.360000 0004 0501 5439Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Roger Bemelmans
- grid.413098.70000 0004 0429 9708Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nik-Nasir NM, Md-Yasin M, Ariffin F, Mat-Nasir N, Miskan M, Abu-Bakar N, Yusoff K. Physical Activity in Malaysia: Are We Doing Enough? Findings from the REDISCOVER Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16888. [PMID: 36554769 PMCID: PMC9779816 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) in the form of structured or unstructured exercise is beneficial for health. This paper aims to study PA levels across four domains according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and its associated factors. A total of 7479 Malaysian adult participants between 18 to 90 years old from the REDISCOVER study who completed the IPAQ were analyzed. PA was calculated as MET-min per week and were categorized according to insufficiently active, sufficiently active and very active. Multinomial regression was used to determine the association between sociodemographic, clinical factors and the level of PA. The mean age of the participants was 51.68 (±9.5 SD). The total reported physical activity in median (IQR) was 1584.0 (0-5637.3) MET-min per week. The highest total for PA was in the domestic domain which is 490 (0-2400) MET-min per week. Factors associated with sufficiently active or very active PA include Malay ethnicity, no formal education, elementary occupation, current smokers and high HDL. Whereas low income, male and normal BMI are less likely to participate in sufficiently active or very active PA. Intervention to encourage higher PA levels in all domains is important to achieve recommended PA targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nik Munirah Nik-Nasir
- Primary Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Mazapuspavina Md-Yasin
- Primary Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Farnaza Ariffin
- Primary Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Nafiza Mat-Nasir
- Primary Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Maizatullifah Miskan
- Primary Care Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Najmin Abu-Bakar
- Centre for Translational Research and Epidemiology (CenTRE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Khalid Yusoff
- Centre for Translational Research and Epidemiology (CenTRE), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pike C, Taylor AM, Cosh S. Compulsive Exercise, Exercise Identity, and Coping Styles. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SPORTPSYCHOLOGIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1026/1612-5010/a000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Compulsive exercise occurs among the general exercise population and is associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes. The current study explored compulsive exercise behavior regarding coping styles and its relationship to identity to improve our understanding of compulsive exercise among the general exercise population. A community sample of 1,209 adults (aged 18 – 89) with varied exercise levels completed an online survey. We examined the relationships between engagement and disengagement coping styles (as assessed by the Coping Strategy Inventory) and exercise identity (Exercise Identity Scale) with compulsive exercise (Compulsive Exercise Test) using correlation, regression, and moderation analyses. Emotion-focused engagement (β = .075, p < .01) and emotion-focused disengagement (β = .212, p < .001) coping styles significantly predicted compulsive exercise, as did exercise identity (β = .514, p < .001). Coping styles did not moderate the relationship between exercise identity and compulsive exercise behaviors. The results indicate that both adaptive and maladaptive emotion-based coping styles are associated with greater compulsive exercise behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Pike
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | | | - Suzanne Cosh
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
van der Sluys ME, Marhe R, van der Laan PH, Popma A, Scherder EJA. Brief report: Free-living physical activity levels and cognitive control in multi-problem young adults. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:994123. [PMID: 36337855 PMCID: PMC9634251 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.994123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicate a positive association between physical activity and cognitive control in sedentary but healthy adults, yet not much is known about physical activity levels in multi-problem young adults. We examined the level of self-reported free-living physical activity (i.e., MET minutes per week) in an ecologically valid sample of young adults facing multiple problems, including unemployment, lack of education, frequent substance use, and history of delinquency. We compared cognitive control with an age- and sex-matched control sample. Additionally, the association between physical activity and cognitive control (i.e., response inhibition, error processing, interference effect) in the multi-problem group was examined. Physical activity and cognitive control were measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form and three cognitive control experiments (i.e., Flanker, Go/NoGo, Stroop), respectively. With M = 4428 Metabolic Equivalents (METs), our multi-problem sample (n = 63) showed physical activity levels similar to the age- and sex-matched control sample from the general population (n = 62). The multi-problem young adults also showed impaired cognitive control indexed as decreased response inhibition and decreased Flanker correctness effect compared to their peers. We could not find an association between self-reported physical activity and cognitive control in the multi-problem sample. Due to the small sample size, results should be interpreted with caution. However, future dose-response studies could still use these results to further examine if within-individual increased physical activity may possibly lead to improved cognitive control in (already relatively active) multi-problem young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elise van der Sluys
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reshmi Marhe
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter H van der Laan
- Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arne Popma
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik J A Scherder
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen Z, Sun J, Zhuang W. Combination of physical activity and screen time on life satisfaction in adults: A cross-sectional survey. Front Psychol 2022; 13:962520. [PMID: 36267077 PMCID: PMC9577194 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.962520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sufficient physical activity (PA) and limited screen time (ST) have been shown to be positively associated with a variety of mental health outcomes. It has been known that PA and ST are independently associated with life satisfaction. Whereas, little is known about the association between combinations of PA and ST with life satisfaction in adults. This study aimed to explore the associations between PA and ST (in insolation or combination) and life satisfaction in adults. Methods Data from the 2014 European Social Survey (ESS) round 7 consisting of 22 countries were analyzed in this study. In total, self-reported data from 40,185 adults were included in the final analysis. The self-administered method was used to collect demographic information, PA, ST, and life satisfaction. The prevalence of meeting PA guidelines (at least 150 min per week) and ST guidelines (no more than 3 h per day) was calculated according to Canadian 24-h Movement Guidelines for Adults. Results Adults who were engaged in sufficient PA and limited ST were more likely to report a higher level of life satisfaction. Meeting PA or ST guidelines was more likely to report higher life satisfaction scores [odds ratio (OR) = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.16–1.47]. Compared with not meeting any guidelines, those who met both PA and ST guidelines had a higher OR (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.37–1.76). Conclusion This study found that participating PA while limiting ST concurrently was linked with better life satisfaction. Creating an active lifestyle is important to population’s well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhuai Chen
- Faculty of Physical Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiangang Sun
- Faculty of Physical Education, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- School of Physical Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhuang,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
García-Ortún F, Jaén Á, Solá L, González-Gil L, Alvarez Auñon A, de la Sierra A. Efecto a los 12 meses de un programa de entrenamiento de 2 meses realizado en atención primaria para pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular. Rev Esp Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
18
|
Khadem Amiri T, Salehidoost R. Anabolic-androgenic steroid use among Iranian male gym-goers. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2022.2110952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tohid Khadem Amiri
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Salehidoost
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Recreational Physical Activity in Urban India: Perceptions and a Pilot Intervention. BEHAVIOUR CHANGE 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/bec.2022.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The inactive lifestyle of urban Indians has increased their risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). A qualitative study was designed to explore barriers and facilitators related to exercise participation among urban Indians. Underpinned by the developmental life course theory, nine focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 29 women and 26 men residing in Mumbai, India. Focus groups were gender and age stratified. Both thematic analysis and content analysis techniques were used to analyse the data. While the lack of time was mentioned as a barrier by all groups, an unstructured schedule was mentioned specifically by women and awareness of physical health benefits emerged as the most popular facilitator for recreational physical activity. Based on the results of the FGDs, a pilot exercise intervention for sedentary women (N = 6) was conducted which consisted of a morning walk six days a week for 10 weeks. Post-intervention, an FGD was conducted to explore participants’ perspectives on their experience in the intervention. The participants reported that the intervention enhanced exercise self-efficacy and well-being. Exercise as relaxation, spousal support, and need for peers to exercise with emerged as primary themes during the follow-up FGD. These findings can inform the development of age and gender-specific as well as culturally appropriate interventions to facilitate active living.
Collapse
|
20
|
Feil K, Weyland S, Fritsch J, Wäsche H, Jekauc D. Anticipatory and Anticipated Emotions in Regular and Non-regular Exercisers - A Qualitative Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:929380. [PMID: 35874343 PMCID: PMC9302565 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.929380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Future-oriented emotions could influence our decisions in everyday life and help understand why some individuals are physically active whilst others are not. Current literature distinguishes between two future-oriented emotion constructs: anticipatory and anticipated emotions. While anticipatory emotions are currently experienced emotions about a future event, anticipated emotions refer to the emotions that a person is expected to experience when confronted with a future event. The main aims of the present study were (1) to identify and describe (a) categories of anticipatory emotions experienced before exercise, and (b) categories of anticipated emotions expected to be experienced during and after exercise, and (2) to develop a theoretical model of anticipated emotion categories. Sixteen participants (M age = 26.03, SD = 6.66) were recruited for semi-structured interviews, and their statements were analyzed using principles of the Grounded Theory. In total, 13 different anticipatory and anticipated emotion categories were identified, such as enjoyment, anxiety, pride, self-anger, and relief. Anticipatory emotions seem to reflect the current affective valence of exercising and may be influenced by daily factors. With regards to anticipated emotions, the results show that regular exercisers anticipated also negative emotions such as anxiety, disappointment, and self-anger, and non-regular exercisers also anticipated positive emotions such as enjoyment, pride, and satisfaction. Therefore, future research should not only focus on the valence of future-oriented emotions, but should investigate the possible impact of specific anticipated emotions on exercise behavior. In addition, a theoretical model of anticipated emotion categories in exercise behavior derived from the interviews. The model outlines different categories of anticipated emotions based on appraisal processes. In conclusion, we assume that this developmental process of anticipated emotions may be embedded in a broader, cyclical process within the context of exercising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Feil
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sandercock GRH, Moran J, Cohen DD. Who is meeting the strengthening physical activity guidelines by definition: A cross-sectional study of 253 423 English adults? PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267277. [PMID: 35507575 PMCID: PMC9067886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current UK physical activity guidelines recommend that adults aged 19 to 65 years perform activity to strengthen muscle and bone a minimum of twice weekly. The number of adults meeting strengthening activity guidelines is lower than for aerobic activity, but estimates vary between studies partly due to differences in how muscle-strengthening activity is defined. We aimed to provide estimates for strengthening activity prevalence in English adults based on a nationally representative sample of n = 253,423 18-65-year-olds. We attempted to quantify the variation in estimates attributable to differences in the way strengthening activity is defined. Finally, we aim to provide a brief descriptive epidemiology of the factors associated with strengthening activity. Adults met guidelines for aerobic activity if they reported the activity equivalent to >150 min/week moderate-intensity exercise. Respondents met strengthening guidelines if they reported at least two bouts per week of strengthening activity. We defined strengthening activity, first, according to criteria used in the Health Survey for England (HSE). Second, we counted bouts of strengthening activities for which we could find evidence of health-related benefits (Evidence). Third, we included bouts of strengthening activity as defined in current UK physical activity guidelines (Guideline). Two-thirds (67%) of adults met guidelines for aerobic activity (69% of men, 65% of women). Less than one-third (29% of men and 24% of women) met guidelines for the HSE definition of strengthening activity. Under the Evidence definition, 16% of men and 9% of women met strengthening guidelines. Using the most-stringent definition (Guideline) just 7.3% of men and 4.1% of women achieved the recommendations for strengthening activity. We found females and older adults (50–65 years) were less likely to meet guidelines for aerobic, strengthening, and combined aerobic plus strengthening activity. The prevalence of meeting activity guidelines was lower in adults from more deprived areas (compared with the least deprived); Adults with lower academic qualifications (Level 1) were less likely to meet activity guidelines than those educated to Level 4 (Degree Level) or higher. Having a limiting disability was associated with a lower prevalence of meeting activity guidelines. Associations between socio-demographic measures and the prevalence of adults meeting activity guidelines were stronger for strengthening activity than for aerobic 51(or combined aerobic plus strengthening) activity Compared with aerobic activity, fewer adults engage in strengthening activity regardless of how it is defined. The range in estimates for how many adults meet strengthening activity guidelines can be explained by variations in the definition of ‘strengthening’ that are used and the specific sports or activities identified as strengthening exercise. When strengthening activity is included, the proportion of English adults meeting current physical activity guidelines could be as high as 1 in 3 but possibly as low as just 1 in 20. A harmonized definition of strengthening activity, that is aligned with physical activity guidelines, is required to provide realistic and comparable prevalence estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin R. H. Sandercock
- School of Sport Rehabilitation & Exercise Science, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport Rehabilitation & Exercise Science, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel D. Cohen
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mooiweer Y, van den Akker-Scheek I, Stevens M. Amount and type of physical activity and sports from one year forward after hip or knee arthroplasty-A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261784. [PMID: 34962967 PMCID: PMC8714096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After rehabilitation following total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA), patients are advised to participate in physical activity (PA) and sports. However, profound insight into whether people adopt a physically active lifestyle is lacking. Aim is to gain insight into the performed amount and type of PA (including sports) and time spent sedentarily by persons after THA/TKA. METHODS A systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42020178556). Pubmed, Cinahl, EMBASE and PsycInfo were systematically searched for articles reporting on amount of PA, and on the kind of activities performed between January 1995-January 2021. Quality of the articles was assessed with the adapted tool from Borghouts et al. RESULTS The search retrieved 5029 articles, leading to inclusion of 125 articles reporting data of 123 groups; 53 articles reported on subjects post-THA, 16 on post-hip-resurfacing arthroplasty, 40 on post-TKA, 15 on post-unicompartimental knee arthroplasty and 12 on a mix of arthroplasty types. With respect to quality assessment, 14 articles (11%) met three or fewer criteria, 29 (24%) met four, 32 (26%) met five, 42 (34%) met six, and 6 (5%) met seven out of the eight criteria. PA levels were comparable for THA and TKA, showing a low to moderately active population. Time spent was mostly of low intensity. Roughly 50% of -subjects met health-enhancing PA guidelines. They spent the largest part of their day sedentarily. Sports participation was relatively high (rates above 70%). Most participation was in low-impact sports at a recreational level. Roughly speaking, participants were engaged in sports 3 hours/week, consisting of about three 1-hour sessions. CONCLUSION Activity levels seem to be low; less than half of them seemed to perform the advised amount of PA following health-enhancing guidelines Sports participation levels were high. However, many articles were unclear about the definition of sports participation, which could have led to overestimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvet Mooiweer
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge van den Akker-Scheek
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Stevens
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Remie CME, Janssens GE, Bilet L, van Weeghel M, Duvivier BMFM, de Wit VHW, Connell NJ, Jörgensen JA, Schomakers BV, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Hoeks J, Hesselink MKC, Phielix E, Houtkooper RH, Schrauwen P. Sitting less elicits metabolic responses similar to exercise and enhances insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women. Diabetologia 2021; 64:2817-2828. [PMID: 34510226 PMCID: PMC8435176 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In our current society sedentary behaviour predominates in most people and is associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It has been suggested that replacing sitting time by standing and walking could be beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes but the underlying mechanisms are unknown and direct comparisons with exercise are lacking. Our objective was to directly compare metabolic responses of either sitting less or exercising, relative to being sedentary. METHODS We performed a randomised, crossover intervention study in 12 overweight women who performed three well-controlled 4 day activity regimens: (1) sitting regimen (sitting 14 h/day); (2) exercise regimen (sitting 13 h/day, exercise 1 h/day); and (3) sitting less regimen (sitting 9 h/day, standing 4 h/day and walking 3 h/day). The primary outcome was insulin sensitivity measured by a two-step hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp. We additionally performed metabolomics on muscle biopsies taken before the clamp to identify changes at the molecular level. RESULTS Replacing sitting time by standing and walking over 4 days resulted in improved peripheral insulin sensitivity, comparable with the improvement achieved by moderate-to-vigorous exercise. Specifically, we report a significant improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity in the sitting less (~13%) and the exercise regimen (~20%), compared with the sitting regimen. Furthermore, sitting less shifted the underlying muscle metabolome towards that seen with moderate-to-vigorous exercise, compared with the sitting regimen. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS Replacing sitting time by standing and walking is an attractive alternative to moderate-to-vigorous exercise for improving metabolic health. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03912922.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn M E Remie
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lena Bilet
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vera H W de Wit
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Niels J Connell
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna A Jörgensen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Phielix
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Exploring grip strength as a predictor of depression in middle-aged and older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15946. [PMID: 34354204 PMCID: PMC8342600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Grip strength (GS) is an indicator of health and vulnerability and inversely associated with depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore GS discrimination capacity for depression; and possible GS cut-off values for depression by sex and age group. Data from 2011 and 2015 on 20,598 (10,416 women) middle-aged and older adults from 14 European countries was analysed. GS was assessed by dynamometer, and depressive symptoms using the EURO-D scale. GS cut-off values for depression were calculated and logistic regression models were used to quantify the odds of having depression in 2011 and in 2015 according to being bellow or above the cut-off value. GS had a weak discriminant capacity for depression, with the area under the curve varying between 0.54 and 0.60 (p < 0.001). Sensitivity varied between 0.57 and 0.74; specificity varied between 0.46 and 0.66. GS cut-off values for discriminating depression were 43.5 kg for men and 29.5 kg for women aged 50–64 years, 39.5 kg for men and 22.5 kg for women aged ≥ 65 years. Having GS above the cut-off represents significant lower odds of depression in 2011 and 4 years later, in 2015. Healthcare practitioners and epidemiologic researchers may consider the low GS cut-off values to screen for potential depression risk. However, due to its weak discriminant values these cut-offs should not be used to identify depression.
Collapse
|
25
|
Haverinen EH, Elonheimo HM, Tolonen HK, Jousilahti PJ, Wennman HJC. The effects of long-term physical activity interventions in communities: Scoping review in the Nordic countries. Scand J Public Health 2021; 50:272-286. [PMID: 34176347 PMCID: PMC8873971 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211020599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Physical activity (PA) is an important part of maintaining good overall health. Currently, the number of insufficiently physically active adults and children is alarmingly high worldwide. To tackle the challenge, several interventions have been conducted, however, current knowledge on intervention effectiveness is still inconclusive. This scoping review aimed to summarize the effects of long-term PA interventions across all age groups in the Nordic countries. Methods: A scoping review was conducted by including all age groups and interventions lasting more than 12 months. The aims of the interventions had to focus on increasing PA and/or fitness. The Behaviour Change Wheel framework was used to describe components of the intervention functions. Results: Initially, 1937 studies were identified. Twelve intervention studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. From the included studies, seven focused on children and/or their parents and five on working-age adult populations. Most of the studies built on theoretical backgrounds and included several behaviour change functions. A hindering factor for synthesis was variation in measurement methods: both subjective and objective outcome measures were reported. Among all age groups, intervention effects on PA were modest. Conclusions: There was no clear evidence of increased PA or fitness from long-term interventions in communities. However, even small improvements in PA are important for increasing PA at a population level and enhancing public health. More research is required for evidence-based community and public health planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsi H Haverinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna M Elonheimo
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna K Tolonen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka J Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heini J C Wennman
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Motivation for Physical Activity: Validation of the Dutch Version of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105328. [PMID: 34067770 PMCID: PMC8156727 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding motivation for exercise can be helpful in improving levels of physical activity. The Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS) measures distinct goal-oriented motivations. In this study selected measurement properties of the Dutch version (PALMS-D) are determined. Forward-backward translation was used for cross-cultural adaptation. Construct validity of the PALMS-D was assessed in five subsamples completing the PALMS-D and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). The study population consisted of five samples recruited from different populations; samples consisted of runners, hockey players, soccer players, participants in medical fitness, and a sedentary group of young adults with low activity. A total of 733 participants completed the questionnaire: 562 athletes and 171 non-athletes. Exploratory for Analysis confirmed the original eight factors. Internal consistency of the subscales was high, except for Others’ expectations. The a priori determined hypotheses related to differences between athletes participating in different sports were confirmed, as well as the hypothesis related to differences between amateur athletes, patients in medical fitness, and non-active participants. It was concluded that the Dutch version of the PALMS is an acceptable questionnaire with which to evaluate the individual motivation of athletes in the Netherlands, and discriminates between different leisure athletes, patients in medical fitness, and non-active youths.
Collapse
|
27
|
Kontsevaya AV, Mukaneeva DK, Myrzamatova AO, Okely AD, Drapkina OM. Changes in physical activity and sleep habits among adults in Russian Federation during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:893. [PMID: 33975582 PMCID: PMC8111050 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the levels of physical activity (PA) and sleep and to examine specific COVID-19 factors that may be associated with changes in PA and sleep among adults in Russia. METHODS Cross-sectional data were collected during the period of tightest restrictions between 26 April 2020 and 6 June 2020. Eligible participants included all Russian adults aged 18 years and over. Participants reported their sleep patterns and problems, frequency and duration of walking, moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA, and muscle strengthening activities before COVID-19 and during the past 7 days. Access to an outdoor green space and fitness centres, use of online resources, adherence to self-isolation recommendations and other preventive measures from Ministry of Health were self-reported. RESULTS The sample included 2432 participants from 62 regions, 83% of who were female. There was a significant decline in the number of days per week participants reported not getting enough sleep (3.21 ± 2.44 to 2.86 ± 2.57; P < 0.001); participants also reported an increase in the number of days per week they had trouble falling asleep (1.70 ± 2.24 to 2.13 ± 2.48; P < 0.001). The proportion of participants who met the WHO Guidelines for PA declined from 68 to 49% (P < 0.001). The proportion who participated in muscle strengthening activities for 2 or more days per week declined from 53 to 45% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Compared with before COVID-19, PA and sleep hygiene were adversely affected during COVID-19. Awareness of factors associated with these declines will assit policymakers in developing strategies to mitigate the negative lifestyle behaviours that have manifested during the COVID-19 confinement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Kontsevaya
- Department of Public Health Promotion, National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Bld. 10, Petroverigskiy Lane, Moscow, 101990, Russia.
| | - Dinara K Mukaneeva
- Department of Public Health Promotion, National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Bld. 10, Petroverigskiy Lane, Moscow, 101990, Russia
| | - Azaliia O Myrzamatova
- Department of Public Health Promotion, National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Bld. 10, Petroverigskiy Lane, Moscow, 101990, Russia
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start and Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Oxana M Drapkina
- Department of Public Health Promotion, National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Bld. 10, Petroverigskiy Lane, Moscow, 101990, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Alqahtani BA, Alenazi AM, Alhowimel AS, Elnaggar RK. The descriptive pattern of physical activity in Saudi Arabia: analysis of national survey data. Int Health 2021; 13:232-239. [PMID: 32511710 PMCID: PMC8079316 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over recent decades, there has been a dramatic transformation in mechanization reaching all aspects of people's lives in Saudi Arabia. In the light of this, there was a significant change in physical behavior in the community. The aim of the current study was to investigate the national and regional distribution of physical activity practice among adults aged ≥15 y across Saudi Arabia. METHODS Data from the Bulletin of Household Sports Practice National Survey were used to determine the physical activity practice distribution. A total of 26 000 families from 13 administrative regions across Saudi Arabia were surveyed. RESULTS The proportion of the total Saudi population who were practitioners of physical activity (i.e. ≥150 min per week) among Saudi adults aged ≥15 y was 17.40%, while the proportion of non-practitioners was 82.60%. CONCLUSION This study found a low level of physical activity among Saudi adults who meet physical activity guidelines. These findings suggest that interventions and promotional programs should be developed to increase physical activity among the Saudi population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bader A Alqahtani
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqeel M Alenazi
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Alhowimel
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ragab K Elnaggar
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nikitara K, Odani S, Demenagas N, Rachiotis G, Symvoulakis E, Vardavas C. Prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity in adults across 28 European countries. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:840-845. [PMID: 34000007 PMCID: PMC8504996 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity/inactivity is impacted by a plethora of intertwined factors. There are a limited number of studies on physical activity/inactivity that provide a European cross-country perspective. This study aims to present the prevalence and correlates of physical activity in adults across the 28 European Union (EU) member states. Methods This is a secondary dataset analysis of the Special Eurobarometer 472 data on physical activity. The cross-sectional survey was conducted during December 2–11 in 2017 across 28 European countries. The data consisted of ∼1000 respondents aged ≧15 years per country. The current analysis was restricted to adults aged 18–64 years (n = 19 645). Results More than one in three (36.2%, 95% CI: 35.1–37.3) adults in the EU were physically inactive, with substantial cross-country differences noted. Women were less likely than men to be adequately or highly physically active (aOR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.95). Similarly, adults at the age of 40–54 (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.52–0.81) and 55–64 (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.49–0.77) were less likely to have moderate or high levels of physical activity in comparison with those 18–24 years of age. Finally, high SES was positively associated with physical activity (aOR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.16–1.69). Conclusions A notable percentage of adults in Europe are physically inactive. Further research is needed to elucidate the factors behind the cross-country differences and identify potential policy actions that may support adopting a physically active lifestyle and decrease the inequalities related to physical activity across Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Satomi Odani
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - George Rachiotis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Constantine Vardavas
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Correspondence: C. Vardavas, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete 71003, Greece, Tel: +30 6937281680, Fax: 2810-542098, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Linder S, Abu-Omar K, Geidl W, Messing S, Sarshar M, Reimers AK, Ziemainz H. Physical inactivity in healthy, obese, and diabetic adults in Germany: An analysis of related socio-demographic variables. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246634. [PMID: 33561175 PMCID: PMC7872299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with diabetes or obesity are more likely to be physically inactive than healthy adults. Physical activity is essential in the management of both diseases, necessitating targeted interventions in these groups. This study analysed physical inactivity (defined as not taking part in leisure-time physical activity) in over 100,000 adults in Germany considering their body mass index and the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, the relationship between specific socio-demographic factors with physical inactivity was investigated, particularly focussing diabetic and obese people, to refine the identification of risk-groups for targeted interventions on physical activity promotion. METHODS Data from 13 population-based health surveys conducted in Germany from 1997 to 2018 were used. The relevant variables extracted from these datasets were merged and employed in the analyses. We included data from 129,886 individuals in the BMI analyses and 58,311 individuals in the diabetes analyses. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the importance of six socio-demographic variables (age, sex/gender, education, income, employment, and migration) for the risk of physical inactivity. RESULTS Obese and diabetic people reported a higher prevalence of physical inactivity than those who were not affected. Logistic regression analyses revealed advanced age, low education level, and low household income as risk factors for physical inactivity in all groups. A two-sided migration background and unemployment also indicated a higher probability of physical inactivity. CONCLUSION Similar socio-demographic barriers appear to be important determinants of physical inactivity, regardless of BMI status or the presence of diabetes. However, physical activity promoting interventions in obese and diabetic adults should consider the specific disease-related characteristics of these groups. A special need for target group specific physical activity programmes in adults from ethnic minorities or of advanced age was further identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Linder
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Geidl
- Division of Exercise and Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Sven Messing
- Division of Exercise and Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Mustafa Sarshar
- Division of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne K. Reimers
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Heiko Ziemainz
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Carmona-Torres JM, Cobo-Cuenca AI, Pozuelo-Carrascosa DP, Latorre-Román PÁ, Párraga-Montilla JA, Laredo-Aguilera JA. Physical Activity, Mental Health and Consumption of Medications in Pre-Elderly People: The National Health Survey 2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1100. [PMID: 33530650 PMCID: PMC7908116 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: The promotion of Physical Activity (PA) is an important public health goal to reduce comorbidity and diseases associated with aging such as anxiety and depression. Aim: To investigate the association between level of PA, mental health and the consumption of medications among a representative cohort of Spanish pre-elderly people. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 5977 participants aged 50 to 64 years who participated in the National Health Survey in Spain 2017. The levels of PA were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the mental conditions were measured by the Goldberg Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). The chi-square test was used for qualitative variables; Pearson's correlation was conducted between GHQ-12 score with different quantitative variables; and a logistic regression was used to determine the association between PA and mental health with the sociodemographic characteristics. Results: The participants were 51.9% women and 48.1% men with a mean age of 56.79 years, and 35.5% of participants had a low level of PA. A low level of PA was associated with cases of mental health vulnerability, anxiety and depression (in women), the consumption of more medications and greater multimorbidity. Conclusion: It is important that people reach old age with an optimal health status in order to reduce age-related disability and morbidity. More than a third of the Spanish pre-elderly do not reach the levels of PA recommended by the WHO. People who had low level of PA consumed more medications and had higher mental health vulnerability and greater multimorbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (A.I.C.-C.); (J.A.L.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (A.I.C.-C.); (J.A.L.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (A.I.C.-C.); (J.A.L.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (P.Á.L.-R.); (J.A.P.-M.)
| | - Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla
- Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (P.Á.L.-R.); (J.A.P.-M.)
| | - José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (A.I.C.-C.); (J.A.L.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Exploring Feelings of Pleasure and Purpose Associated With Older People's Activities Using Ecological Momentary Analysis: An Observational Study. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 29:670-677. [PMID: 33395629 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Momentary feelings of pleasure and purpose can be sources of intrinsic motivation, but momentary purpose is rarely studied. Activities, contexts, and feelings of retired/semiretired adults (n = 67, aged 50-78 years) were captured using ecological momentary assessment. Participants provided 2,065 valid responses to six daily smartphone surveys for 7 days. Physical activity was measured by waist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer. Pleasure (measured by affective happiness) and purpose outcomes were regressed on activities, context, and potential confounding variables. Interactions between activities and contexts were explored. Participants were highly active: 98.5% met physical activity guidelines. Sedentary activities were negatively associated with sense of purpose, especially when indoors. However, social sedentary activities were positively associated with feelings of happiness. Active, social outdoor activities were positively associated with both outcomes. Less sedentary participants experienced greater happiness and purpose during all their activities. Context matters: active, social, and outdoor activities seem to be more appealing to older adults.
Collapse
|
33
|
Measurement properties of the German version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale for adults. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242069. [PMID: 33206685 PMCID: PMC7673501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES) is a measurement instrument that is commonly used in monitoring and intervention research to assess how much people enjoy being physically active, as this has been related to physical activity adherence. However, while the measurement properties of PACES are well-researched in the English language, there is a gap of research in the German language, especially when looking at adults. Thus, the purpose of this work was to examine reliability, factorial validity, criterion-related validity, and measurement invariance across sex, age groups and time of the PACES for German-speaking adults. Data was obtained from the Motorik-Modul-Study (MoMo) in which 863 adults (53.5% female; mean age = 20.9 years) were examined. To investigate measurement invariance across age groups, data from 2,274 adolescents (50.5% female; mean age = 14.4 years) was obtained additionally. The study provided a nationwide representative sample for Germany. Results showed high internal consistency of PACES in adults (Cronbach's α = .94). Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the invariance of the measure across age groups, time, and sex. Criterion-related validity could be shown as the global factor significantly correlated with overall physical activity, physical activity in sports clubs, and leisure-time physical activity. The analyses of factorial structure indicated a method effect for positively and negatively worded items. Correlated uniqueness, latent method factor and a hybrid model were applied to analyze the method effect and results indicated that the method effect of positively worded items was predictive of physical activity independently of the global factor. Overall, it can be concluded that PACES is reliable, valid and invariant measure of physical activity enjoyment to be used in German-speaking adults. Further studies are warranted to examine the factorial structure of the PACES and the consequences of the method effect.
Collapse
|
34
|
Levels of Physical Activity Among Older Adults in the European Union. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 29:242-249. [PMID: 33027766 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to ascertain the levels of older European people's physical activity according to sociodemographic variables. The sample size was 7,893 citizens aged 65 and over from the European Union. The participants were classified as physically inactive, adequately active, or highly active, according to the World Health Organization. The total metabolic equivalents of task minutes per week were also calculated. In the results, 55.5% of older people were adequately active, and 43.8% were highly active, especially in the North and West. The average metabolic equivalents of task minutes per week was 1,313 metabolic equivalents of task minutes, with walking as the main activity, followed by moderate physical activity and vigorous activity. Male older people of a lower age from the North and West, with a higher level of education and less difficulty in paying bills, were more likely to be physically active. As a conclusion, only slightly more than half the population were adequately active. These sociodemographic inequalities show the necessity of implementing specific measures.
Collapse
|
35
|
Schönbach JK, Bolte G, Czwikla G, Manz K, Mensing M, Muellmann S, Voelcker-Rehage C, Lhachimi SK. Equity impacts of interventions to increase physical activity among older adults: a quantitative health impact assessment. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:103. [PMID: 32795299 PMCID: PMC7427912 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00999-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioural interventions may increase social inequalities in health. This study aimed to project the equity impact of physical activity interventions that have differential effectiveness across education groups on the long-term health inequalities by education and gender among older adults in Germany. METHODS We created six intervention scenarios targeting the elderly population: Scenarios #1-#4 applied realistic intervention effects that varied by education (low, medium high). Under scenario #5, all older adults adapted the physical activity pattern of those with a high education. Under scenario #6, all increased their physical activity level to the recommended 300 min weekly. The number of incident ischemic heart disease, stroke and diabetes cases as well as deaths from all causes under each of these six intervention scenarios was simulated for males and females over a 10-year projection period using the DYNAMO-HIA tool. Results were compared against a reference-scenario with unchanged physical activity. RESULTS Under scenarios #1-#4, approximately 3589-5829 incident disease cases and 6248-10,320 deaths could be avoided among males over a 10-year projection period, as well as 4381-7163 disease cases and 6914-12,605 deaths among females. The highest reduction for males would be achieved under scenario #4, under which the intervention is most effective for those with a high education level. Scenario #4 realizes 2.7 and 2.4% of the prevented disease cases and deaths observed under scenario #6, while increasing inequalities between education groups. In females, the highest reduction would be achieved under scenario #3, under which the intervention is most effective amongst those with low levels of education. This scenario realizes 2.7 and 2.9% of the prevented disease cases and deaths under scenario #6, while decreasing inequalities between education groups. Under scenario #5, approximately 31,687 incident disease cases and 59,068 deaths could be prevented among males over a 10-year projection period, as well as 59,173 incident disease cases and 121,689 deaths among females. This translates to 14.4 and 22.2% of the prevented diseases cases among males and females under scenario #6, and 13.7 and 27.7% of the prevented deaths under scenario #6. CONCLUSIONS This study shows how the overall population health impact varies depending on how the intervention-induced physical activity change differs across education groups. For decision-makers, both the assessment of health impacts overall as well as within a population is relevant as interventions with the greatest population health gain might be accompanied by an unintended increase in health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna-Katharina Schönbach
- University of Bremen, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Social Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany.
- University of Bremen, Health Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Bolte
- University of Bremen, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Social Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Health Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gesa Czwikla
- University of Bremen, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Social Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Health Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Saskia Muellmann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Chemnitz University of Technology, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz, Germany
- University of Münster, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan K Lhachimi
- University of Bremen, Health Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Health Services Research, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Codogno JS, Monteiro HL, Turi-Lynch BC, Fernandes RA, Pokhrel S, Anokye N. Sports Participation and Health Care Costs in Older Adults Aged 50 Years or Older. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:634-640. [PMID: 32053793 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between sports participation and health care costs in older adults. The sample was composed of 556 participants (145 men and 411 women) who were followed from 2010 to 2014. The engagement in sports considered three different components (intensity, volume, and previous time). Health care costs were assessed annually through medical records. Structural equation modeling (longitudinal relationship between sport and costs) and analysis of variance for repeated measures (comparisons over time) were used. Health care costs increased significantly from 2010 to 2014 (analysis of variance; p value = .001). Higher baseline scores for intensity were related to lower health care costs (r = -.223, 95% confidence interval [-.404, -.042]). Similar results were found to volume (r = -.216, 95% confidence interval [-.396, -.036]) and time of engagement (r = -.218, 95% confidence interval [-.402, -.034]). In conclusion, higher sports participation is related to lower health care costs in older adults.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wilke J, Mohr L, Tenforde AS, Vogel O, Hespanhol L, Vogt L, Verhagen E, Hollander K. Activity and Health During the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic (ASAP): Study Protocol for a Multi-National Network Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:302. [PMID: 32582744 PMCID: PMC7291162 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The worldwide spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) has prompted numerous countries to restrict public life. Related measures, such as limits on social gatherings, business closures, or lockdowns, are expected to considerably reduce the individual opportunities to move outside the home. As physical activity (PA) and sport participation significantly contribute to health, this study has two objectives. The objectives of this study are to assess changes in PA and well-being since the coronavirus outbreak in affected countries. Additionally, we will evaluate the impact of digital home-based exercise programs on PA as well as physical and mental health outcomes. Method: A multinational network trial will be conducted with three planned phases (A, B, and C). Part A consists of administering a structured survey. It investigates changes in PA levels and health during the coronavirus outbreak and measures the preferences of the participants regarding online training programs. Part B is a two-armed randomized-controlled trial. Participants assigned to the intervention group (IG) will complete a digital 4-week home exercise training (live streaming via internet) guided by the survey results on content and time of program. The control group (CG) will not receive the program. Part C is 4-week access of both CG and IG to a digital archive of pre-recorded workouts from Part B. Similar to Part A, questionnaires will be used in both Part B and C to estimate the effects of exercise on measures of mental and physical health. Results and Discussion: The ASAP project will provide valuable insights into the importance of PA during a global pandemic. Our initial survey is the first to determine how governmental confinement measures impact bodily and mental well-being. Based on the results, the intervention studies will be unique to address health problems potentially arising from losses in PA. If proven effective, the newly developed telehealth programs could become a significant and easy-to-distribute factor in combating PA decreases. Results of the study may hence guide policy makers on methods to maintain PA and health when being forced to restrict public life. Study Register: DRKS00021273.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wilke
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Mohr
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adam S Tenforde
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Oliver Vogel
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luiz Hespanhol
- Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,University Medical Centers-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,University Medical Centers-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karsten Hollander
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.,Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Robotic Surgery Is Less Physically Demanding Than Laparoscopic Surgery: Paired Cross Sectional Study. Ann Surg 2020; 271:106-113. [PMID: 29923873 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study musculoskeletal workload in experienced surgeons during laparoscopic surgery (LS) compared with robotic assisted laparoscopy (RALS). BACKGROUND 70-90% of surgeons who regularly perform LS report musculoskeletal symptoms, mainly in neck and shoulders. Data regarding the potential ergonomic benefits of RALS in a clinical setting is very limited. METHODS Twelve surgeons with advanced experience in both LS and RALS each performed 2 hysterectomies on the same day. LS was performed standing, RALS sitting, the latter allowing forearm and head support. Bipolar surface electromyogram (EMG) was recorded from several muscles and was expressed relative to EMG during maximum contractions (%EMGmax). Gaps per minute plus static (p0.1), mean (p0.5), and peak (p0.9) muscle activation were calculated. Perceived exertion was rated before and just after each surgery. RESULTS Neck muscle activity (p0.1 4.7 vs. 3.0%EMGmax, p0.5 7.4 vs. 5.3%EMGmax, p0.9 11.6 vs. 8.2%EMGmax, all P < 0.05) and static shoulder muscle activity (p0.1 5.7 vs. 2.8%EMGmax, P < 0.05) were higher for LS than for RALS. Both a higher level of gaps during RALS and a lower rating of perceived exertion, also for the legs, after RALS supported these observations. However, low back muscle activity was higher for RALS. CONCLUSIONS RALS is significantly less physically demanding than LS, and also feels less strenuous for the surgeons. However, for both types of surgeries, there still is room for improvement of working conditions. To further optimize these, we suggest a scheme to regularly observe and advise the surgeons.
Collapse
|
39
|
Physical activity and respiratory symptoms after pulmonary embolism. A longitudinal observational study. Thromb Res 2020; 189:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
40
|
Körperliche Aktivität in der Prävention und Behandlung von Angsterkrankungen. PSYCHOTHERAPEUT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00278-020-00414-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
41
|
Dunker F, Freund PA, Engels ES. Does Perceived Stress Affect the Relationship Between Personality and Sports Enjoyment? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: Sports enjoyment is a prerequisite for continued engagement in sports (e.g., Mullen et al., 2011 ; Woods, Tannehill, & Walsh, 2012 ). To date, it is understudied whether perceived stress and personality relate to the experience of sports enjoyment. Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between perceived stress, personality (the Big Five), and sports enjoyment. Method: Data were collected online from a group of N = 195 adults. There were two points of measurements with an interval of 4 weeks in between. Personality was assessed at t1, while perceived stress and sports enjoyment were measured at t2. Results: The results indicate that perceived stress is significantly related to sports enjoyment: A high amount of perceived stress was associated with less enjoyment of sports. Neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness were related to sports enjoyment, but openness was not. Models testing the mediating effect of perceived stress for personality on sports enjoyment showed significant direct effects for extraversion and conscientiousness and significant indirect effects for neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness. Limitations: Limitations concerning the sample characteristics and some poor fit statistics for the models including openness and extraversion are discussed. Conclusion: Overall, our findings suggest that perceived stress influences the affective experience in physical exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Freya Dunker
- Institute of Psychology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Germany
| | | | - Eliane S. Engels
- Institute of Psychology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Habitual Cervical Posture in Women With Episodic Cervicogenic Headache Versus Asymptomatic Controls. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2020; 43:171-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
43
|
DeSmet A, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Chastin S, Crombez G, Maddison R, Cardon G. Adults' Preferences for Behavior Change Techniques and Engagement Features in a Mobile App to Promote 24-Hour Movement Behaviors: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e15707. [PMID: 31859680 PMCID: PMC6942183 DOI: 10.2196/15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a limited understanding of components that should be included in digital interventions for 24-hour movement behaviors (physical activity [PA], sleep, and sedentary behavior [SB]). For intervention effectiveness, user engagement is important. This can be enhanced by a user-centered design to, for example, explore and integrate user preferences for intervention techniques and features. Objective This study aimed to examine adult users’ preferences for techniques and features in mobile apps for 24-hour movement behaviors. Methods A total of 86 participants (mean age 37.4 years [SD 9.2]; 49/86, 57% female) completed a Web-based survey. Behavior change techniques (BCTs) were based on a validated taxonomy v2 by Abraham and Michie, and engagement features were based on a list extracted from the literature. Behavioral data were collected using Fitbit trackers. Correlations, (repeated measures) analysis of variance, and independent sample t tests were used to examine associations and differences between and within users by the type of health domain and users’ behavioral intention and adoption. Results Preferences were generally the highest for information on the health consequences of movement behavior self-monitoring, behavioral feedback, insight into healthy lifestyles, and tips and instructions. Although the same ranking was found for techniques across behaviors, preferences were stronger for all but one BCT for PA in comparison to the other two health behaviors. Although techniques fit user preferences for addressing PA well, supplemental techniques may be able to address preferences for sleep and SB in a better manner. In addition to what is commonly included in apps, sleep apps should consider providing tips for sleep. SB apps may wish to include more self-regulation and goal-setting techniques. Few differences were found by users’ intentions or adoption to change a particular behavior. Apps should provide more self-monitoring (P=.03), information on behavior health outcome (P=.048), and feedback (P=.04) and incorporate social support (P=.048) to help those who are further removed from healthy sleep. A virtual coach (P<.001) and video modeling (P=.004) may provide appreciated support to those who are physically less active. PA self-monitoring appealed more to those with an intention to change PA (P=.03). Social comparison and support features are not high on users’ agenda and may not be needed from an engagement point of view. Engagement features may not be very relevant for user engagement but should be examined in future research with a less reflective method. Conclusions The findings of this study provide guidance for the design of digital 24-hour movement behavior interventions. As 24-hour movement guidelines are increasingly being adopted in several countries, our study findings are timely to support the design of interventions to meet these guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann DeSmet
- Clinical and Health Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Research Foundation - Flanders, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sebastien Chastin
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ralph Maddison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Latomme J, Huys N, Cardon G, Morgan PJ, Lateva M, Chakarova N, Kivelä J, Lindström J, Androutsos O, González-Gil EM, De Miguel-Etayo P, Nánási A, Kolozsvári LR, Manios Y, De Craemer M. Do physical activity and screen time mediate the association between European fathers' and their children's weight status? Cross-sectional data from the Feel4Diabetes-study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:100. [PMID: 31685028 PMCID: PMC6829912 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0864-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most research on parenting and childhood obesity and obesity-related behaviours has focused on mothers while fathers have been underrepresented. Yet, recent literature has suggested that fathers uniquely influence their children's lifestyle behaviours, and hence could also affect their weight status, but this has not yet been scientifically proven. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine whether the association between fathers' weight status and their children's weight status is mediated by fathers' and children's movement behaviours (i.e. physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)). METHODS Cross-sectional data of 899 European fathers and their children were analyzed. Fathers/male caregivers (mean age = 43.79 ± 5.92 years, mean BMI = 27.08 ± 3.95) completed a questionnaire assessing their own and their children's (mean age = 8.19 ± 0.99 years, 50.90% boys, mean BMIzscore = 0.44 ± 1.07) movement behaviours. Body Mass Index (BMI, in kg/m2) was calculated based on self-reported (fathers) and objectively measured (children) height and weight. For children, BMI z-scores (SD scores) were calculated to obtain an optimal measure for their weight status. Serial mediation analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 25.0 Statistics for Windows to test whether the association between fathers' BMI and children's BMI is mediated by fathers' PA and children's PA (model 1) and fathers' ST and children's ST (model 2), respectively. RESULTS The present study showed a (partial) mediation effect of fathers' PA and children's PA (but not father's ST and children's ST) on the association between fathers' BMI and children's BMI (model for PA; coefficient: 0.001, 95% CI: [0.0001, 0.002]; model for ST; coefficient: 0.001, 95% CI: [0.000, 0.002]). Furthermore, fathers' movement behaviours (PA and ST) were positively associated with their children's movement behaviours (PA and ST) (model for PA, coefficient: 0.281, SE: 0.023, p < 0.001; model for ST, coefficient: 0.345, SE: 0.025, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the influence of fathers on their children's weight status partially occurs through the association between fathers' PA and children's PA (but not their ST). As such, intervening by focusing on PA of fathers but preferably of both members of the father-child dyad (e.g. engaging fathers and their children in co-PA) might be a novel and potentially effective strategy for interventions aiming to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Longitudinal studies or intervention studies confirming these findings are however warranted to make meaningful recommendations for health intervention and policy. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Feel4Diabetes-study is registered with the clinical trials registry http://clinicaltrials.gov , ID: 643708 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Latomme
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nele Huys
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- School of Education, PRCPAN (Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition), University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Mina Lateva
- Clinic of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Nevena Chakarova
- Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jemina Kivelä
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- School of Health Science & Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Esther M. González-Gil
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar De Miguel-Etayo
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Anna Nánási
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László R. Kolozsvári
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yannis Manios
- School of Health Science & Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Marieke De Craemer
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Noz MP, Hartman YAW, Hopman MTE, Willems PHGM, Tack CJ, Joosten LAB, Netea MG, Thijssen DHJ, Riksen NP. Sixteen-Week Physical Activity Intervention in Subjects With Increased Cardiometabolic Risk Shifts Innate Immune Function Towards a Less Proinflammatory State. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013764. [PMID: 31623506 PMCID: PMC6898840 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Low‐grade inflammation, largely mediated by monocyte‐derived macrophages, contributes to atherosclerosis. Sedentary behavior is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We examined whether reducing sedentary behavior and improving walking time improves monocyte inflammatory phenotype in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk. Methods and Results Across 2 waves, 16 individuals with increased cardiovascular risk performed a 16‐week intervention study (age 64±6 years, body mass index 29.9±4.3 kg/m2), using a device with vibration feedback to promote physical activity. Before and after intervention, we objectively examined physical activity (ActivPAL), cytokine production capacity after ex vivo stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, metabolism of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, circulating cytokine concentrations, and monocyte immunophenotype. Overall, no significant increase in walking time was found (1.9±0.7 to 2.2±1.2 h/day, P=0.07). However, strong, inverse correlations were observed between the change in walking time and the change in production of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 after lipopolysaccharide stimulation (rs=−0.655, −0.844, −0.672, and −0.781, respectively, all P<0.05). After intervention optimization based on feedback from wave 1, participants in wave 2 (n=8) showed an increase in walking time (2.2±0.8 to 3.0±1.3 h/day, P=0.001) and attenuated cytokine production of IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 (all P<0.05). Glycolysis (P=0.08) and maximal OXPHOS (P=0.04) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells decreased after intervention. Lower IL‐6 concentrations (P=0.06) and monocyte percentages (P<0.05), but no changes in monocyte subsets were found. Conclusions Successfully improving walking time shifts innate immune function towards a less proinflammatory state, characterized by a lower capacity to produce inflammatory cytokines, in individuals with increased cardiovascular risk. Clinical Trial Registration Information URL: http://www.trialregister.nl. Unique identifier: NTR6387.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlies P Noz
- Department of Internal Medicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne A W Hartman
- Department of Physiology Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Maria T E Hopman
- Department of Physiology Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Cees J Tack
- Department of Internal Medicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands.,Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES) University of Bonn Germany
| | - Dick H J Thijssen
- Department of Physiology Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (RIHS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool United Kingdom
| | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dębska M, Polechoński J, Mynarski A, Polechoński P. Enjoyment and Intensity of Physical Activity in Immersive Virtual Reality Performed on Innovative Training Devices in Compliance with Recommendations for Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3673. [PMID: 31574911 PMCID: PMC6801661 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to assess the enjoyment and intensity of physical exercise while practicing physical activity (PA) in immersive virtual reality (IVR) using innovative training devices (omni-directional Omni treadmill and Icaros Pro flight simulator). The study also contains the results of subjective research on the usefulness of such a form of PA in the opinion of users. In total, 61 adults (10 women and 51 men) took part in the study. To assess the enjoyment level (EL) Interest/Enjoyment subscale of Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) was used. Exercise intensity was assessed during 10-min sessions of active video games (AVGs) in IVR based on heart rate (HR). The average enjoyment level during physical exercise in IVR on the tested training devices was high (Omni 5.74 points, Icaros 5.60 points on a 1-7 Likert scale) and differed significantly in favor of PA on Omni. In the opinion of the majority of participants, AVGs in IVR on the tested devices constitute a sufficiently useful form of PA to meet the needs of leisure time activities, and they can even replace some forms of physical effort performed in a classic way. The intensity of PA during games on training devices was at the level recommended for health benefits for 80.55% (Omni) and 50.77% (Icaros Pro) of its duration. Based on the conducted research, it can be assumed that AVGs in IVR using a multi-directional treadmill and a flight simulator can be an effective tool for increasing participation in health-oriented PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Dębska
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 43-512 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Jacek Polechoński
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 43-512 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Mynarski
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 43-512 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Piotr Polechoński
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 43-512 Katowice, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Panão I, Carraça EV. Effects of exercise motivations on body image and eating habits/behaviours: A systematic review. Nutr Diet 2019; 77:41-59. [PMID: 31449357 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM The quality of exercise motivations may undermine body image and eating habits/behaviours. This systematic review summarizes the state of the scientific evidence on the effects of exercise motivations on body image and eating habits/behaviours. METHODS This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019129904). Three electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, SportDiscus) were searched using combinations of terms concerning: (a) the population of interest (adults, exercisers), (b) the independent variables (eg, exercise autonomous motivations) and (c) the outcomes of interest (eg, body image, eating habits). No study design restrictions were implemented. To be included, empirical studies had to be published up to June 2019, in English, in peer-reviewed journals/theses and analyse associations between exercise motivations and body image or eating habits/behaviours. Study quality was assessed using the EPHPP Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Two authors performed all steps. Outcome data were combined narratively. RESULTS Of 168 records, 26 were included in this review: 22 analysing links between exercise motivations and body image and 11 exploring links between exercise motivations and eating habits/behaviours. Autonomous motivations (eg, for pleasure, health, wellbeing) and health-focused exercise were associated with positive body image and healthy eating habits/behaviours, whereas exercising for appearance-related and other controlled reasons was inversely related to both outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Better-quality exercise motivations (ie, autonomous) seem to result in healthier body image and eating outcomes. Further research is still recommended to explore these associations in more depth. Nevertheless, these findings suggest that future interventions should promote individuals' autonomy, competence and relatedness to foster autonomous motivations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Panão
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eliana V Carraça
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Macek P, Terek-Derszniak M, Zak M, Biskup M, Ciepiela P, Krol H, Smok-Kalwat J, Gozdz S. WHO recommendations on physical activity versus compliance rate within a specific urban population as assessed through IPAQ survey: a cross-sectional cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028334. [PMID: 31189681 PMCID: PMC6576125 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was designed to address the following three key areas, that is, (1) evaluate overall level of physical activity in the residents of a mid-sized, Central-European city, (2) compliance level with WHO's recommendations on physical activity in leisure time and (3) actual impact of select socioeconomic factors on the physical activity level within the study population. METHODS Assessment of the source data collected for 4619 participants (1532 men and 3087 women, aged 45-65 years; mean age 56.41±5.31 years) was completed. Three levels of physical activity, and compliance level with pertinent WHO recommendations was evaluated, based on International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long form). Multilevel logistic regression models of socioeconomic factors associated with moderate-level, high-level physical activity, and WHO recommendations were developed. RESULTS Data analyses revealed that 6.19% of the study participants (n=286) engaged in low-level physical activity, 48.86%-in moderate-level activity, while high-level activity was reported in 44.94% of them. Compliance with pertinent WHO recommendations was higher in men aged 44-55 years, boasting upper-level education, living without a partner and in the persons with a net income over €1140 per household. CONCLUSIONS Overall level of physical activity in the residents of a mid-sized, Central-European city was established as moderate. Pertinent WHO recommendations on physical activity were met by 4.2% of the subjects only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Macek
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Marek Zak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Biskup
- Department of Rehabilitation, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Halina Krol
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Stanislaw Gozdz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Clinic of Clinical Oncology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Schott N, Krull K. Stability of Lifestyle Behavior - The Answer to Successful Cognitive Aging? A Comparison of Nuns, Monks, Master Athletes and Non-active Older Adults. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1347. [PMID: 31231291 PMCID: PMC6567482 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies of the effect of physical activity on cognition demonstrated an inverse relationship between physical activity and cognitive decline. However, such health behaviors are hardly invariable over time. The relative homogeneity of the adult lifestyle of nuns/monks as well as master athletes reduces the likelihood of confounding due to differences in their participation in regular life-long physical activities. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences in cognitive functions between nuns/monks, master athletes and sedentary, but otherwise healthy older adults. Additionally, we examined associations between demographic variables (education, sex, age), BMI, physical activity, exercise, and fitness and cognitive performance. Methods: We recruited three groups of healthy participants without cognitive deficits: (1) Nuns/Monks (n = 20; age 77.5 ± 5.56; 5 M, 15 W), (2) Master Athletes (n = 20; age 76.5 ± 5.33; 12 M, 8 W), and (3) Sedentary (n = 20; 76.4 ± 5.96, 6 M, 14 W). Cognitive performance (working memory, inhibition) was measured with a n-back task and a flanker task, participation in physical activities with the "German-PAQ-50+," and physical fitness with the 30s chair stand and arm curl test. Results: As predicted, ANOVA comparing groups revealed the three groups differed in cognition, physical activity, and physical fitness with inactive older adults performing lower on all tests than the other two groups. Hierarchical regression analyses showed a positive influence of lifestyle stability on accuracy and reaction time for working memory and inhibitory performance. The highest correlation coefficients for fitness and cognitive performance emerged for the group of nuns and monks. Conclusion: Life-long stability of an active lifestyle may confer benefits to some aspects of working memory, attention, and inhibitory control. Longitudinal studies are recommended to further examine the causal relationship of lifestyle stability and cognitive function in such specific cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Schott
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Krull
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Weenas D, van Tienoven TP, Verbeylen J, Minnen J, Glorieux I. Testing compliance to WHO guidelines for physical activity in Flanders insights from time-use diaries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 77:16. [PMID: 30949342 PMCID: PMC6429766 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-019-0341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Regular physical activity decreases the risk for numerous non-communicable diseases. The World Health Organization has suggested physical activity (PA) guidelines that, based on previous research, would provide health benefits to those who comply. The first guideline for health benefits suggests 150 min of moderate PA or equivalent per week. The guideline for additional health benefits suggests 300 min of PA or equivalent per week. The objective of this paper is to analyze to what extent these two WHO PA guidelines for adults are met in the Belgian region of Flanders. Furthermore, we are interested to see which groups are more or less likely to meet the PA guidelines. Methods Crosstables and logistic regressions are used on a sample of 3028 adults in the Belgian region of Flanders. All respondents filled in a 7-day time-diary in which they continuously recorded all their activities. Results Firstly, men are more likely than women to comply to both PA guidelines. Secondly, living with a partner increases the odds to comply to the guidelines. For men, this is the case for both guidelines, while for women, this only applies to the first guideline. Thirdly, women with a young child have lower odds to comply to the guidelines, while having a young child doesn’t have an effect for men. Conclusion Previous research on meeting PA guidelines in Flanders shows diverging results. Time-diary data allows researchers to strictly follow the WHO definition when operationalizing compliance to PA guidelines. There is a need for future research that combines time-diaries with a PA questionnaire and accelerometer data to gain more insights on the benefits and pitfalls of both methodologies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13690-019-0341-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Djiwo Weenas
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,2Research group Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Theun Pieter van Tienoven
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,3Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Julie Verbeylen
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joeri Minnen
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ignace Glorieux
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|