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Liu M, Gou Y, Zou B, Li X, Yang P. Association between serum cotinine and total testosterone in adult males based on NHANES 2011-2016. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23042. [PMID: 39362996 PMCID: PMC11450214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between smoking and testosterone levels in adult males remains a topic of ongoing debate. Serum cotinine is considered a reliable marker of both smoking intensity and exposure to tobacco smoke. Therefore, we aim to examine the association between serum cotinine levels and total testosterone concentrations in adult males using data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Our study assessed the relationship between serum cotinine and total testosterone using weighted linear regression models and subgroup analysis. A fully adjusted model with smooth curve fitting was employed to investigate the potential nonlinear association between serum cotinine and total testosterone. Threshold effects were analyzed to identify the inflection point between serum cotinine and total testosterone. Indeed, a total of 7797 participants were included in our study. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the findings indicate a positive association between serum cotinine levels and total testosterone levels (β: 0.05, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.09). Furthermore, applying smoothed curve fitting analysis and threshold effects, an inflection point was detected at a serum cotinine level of 487 ng/ml. Above this threshold, total testosterone levels declined with increasing serum cotinine levels. In conclusion, the findings of our study suggest a positive association between elevated serum cotinine levels and total testosterone levels in adult men. However, it is essential to note that this association may be reversed at excessively high serum cotinine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yunpeng Gou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bing Zou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xianhui Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, China.
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Castro HM, Knoblovits P, Maritano Furcada J, De Vito EL, Suarez SM, Costanzo PR. Prevalence of hypogonadism in men with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A cross-sectional study. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2024; 71:348-354. [PMID: 39374997 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2024.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypogonadism is a common finding of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the prevalence of hypogonadism in COPD varies among studies. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the prevalence of hypogonadism in men with and without COPD. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with 134 patients with stable COPD and 70 age-matched men with non-COPD. Hypogonadism was defined by the presence of symptoms according to the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males questionnaire, along with total testosterone deficiency (<300ng/dL). RESULTS Patients had a mean age of 68 years (SD, 6), a body mass index of 28kg/m2 (SD, 6), and 17% were current smokers. The prevalence of hypogonadism was 41.8% in COPD men (N=56, 95%CI, 33-51) and 10.0% in non-COPD men (N=7, 95%CI, 4-20), with a prevalence ratio of 4.2 (95%CI, 2.0-8.7, p<0.001). The prevalence of low total testosterone concentrations (<300ng/dL) were significantly higher in COPD patients vs the control group (47.0% vs 15.7%, p=<0.001). In the COPD group, 89.3% of patients had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and 10.7%, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. The prevalence of hypogonadism was higher in severe vs non-severe COPD patients (55.8% vs 35.2%; p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hypogonadism was high and greater in COPD vs non-COPD men. This study suggests that COPD patients should be screened for hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Knoblovits
- Andrology Section, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nuclear Medicine Service, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Eduardo Luis De Vito
- Institute of Medical Research Alfredo Lanari, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastían Matias Suarez
- Andrology Section, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nuclear Medicine Service, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Rene Costanzo
- Andrology Section, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nuclear Medicine Service, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Hua X, Hu R, Chen C, Sun J, Feng X, Zhang X. Joint effects of tobacco smoke exposure and heavy metals on serum sex hormones in adult males. Hormones (Athens) 2024:10.1007/s42000-024-00600-8. [PMID: 39269601 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-024-00600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the associations of tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and heavy metal exposure on sex hormones and the joint effects between them in adult males. METHODS The study used data of 2244 adult males from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2016). Weighted linear regression models were used to calculate their beta (β) coefficients and corresponding confidence interval (95% CI), which assessed the joint effects of TSE and heavy metals on sex hormones. RESULTS Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) showed a positive association with increased per standard deviation (SD) for cotinine (β=0.024 [0.004, 0.043]; P<0.001), lead (β=0.021 [0.002, 0.039]; P=0.028), and cadmium (β=0.034 [0.015, 0.053]; P<0.001). Manganese was positively associated with estradiol (E2) (β=0.025 [0.009, 0.042]; P=0.002). The subjects with higher cadmium levels were more likely to have higher total testosterone (TT) (β=0.042 [0.023, 0.062]; P<0.001). TSE and lead exerted synergistic effects on TT (p for interaction = 0.015) and E2 (p for interaction = 0.009), as also did TSE and cadmium on SHBG (p for interaction = 0.037). Compared with the reference group, TSE participants who were exposed to high concentrations of lead, cadmium, mercury, and manganese had significantly elevated TT levels, but these high levels presented no significant association with E2 levels. A significantly higher level of SHBG among TSE participants was detected in high concentrations for lead, cadmium, and mercury. CONCLUSION TSE exacerbated sex hormone imbalances when combined with high levels of metal exposure. Smoking cessation is crucial, especially in the case of high levels of occupational exposure to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguo Hua
- Office of Medical Insurance Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Clinical Teaching Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Cai Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jiangjie Sun
- Department of Health Data Science, School of Health Care Management, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiqiu Feng
- Office of Medical Insurance Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Barbagallo F, Assenza MR, Torrisi F, Buonacquisto A, Pallotti F. The Smoky Impact of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors on Testicular Function. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5097. [PMID: 39274310 PMCID: PMC11396300 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking habits (from classic cigarettes to e-cigarettes and heated tobacco) are a relatively common finding in the medical histories of couples referred to fertility centers. Tobacco smoke and e-cigarettes may deliver many substances with known harmful effects on both general and reproductive health, including nicotine. Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) form a heterogeneous family of ion channels that are differently expressed in different tissues. According to the homomeric or heteromeric combination of at least five different subunits (named from α to ε), they have peculiar pharmacological and biophysical properties. nAChRs respond to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which influences a number of physiological functions not restricted to neurons and plays an important role in the structure and function of non-neuronal tissues such as the testis. nAChRs are also the target of Nicotine, the active element responsible for tobacco addiction. This review summarizes recent findings on the involvement of nAChRs in testicular physiology, highlighting the effects of nicotine exposure observed in animal studies and clinical settings. We will discuss the latest data on fertility outcomes and the implications for understanding nAChR functions in reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Assenza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Filippo Torrisi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Pallotti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Hospital Umberto I, 94100 Enna, Italy
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Huang W, Chen M, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Yin C, Huang M, Shi B. Association between life's essential 8 and male biochemical androgen deficiency: evidence from NHANES 2013-2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1369684. [PMID: 38978620 PMCID: PMC11228233 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1369684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the association of Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and its subscales with male biochemical androgen deficiency (MBAD) and total testosterone based on the data from the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) database. Methods Data of males aged 20 years or older from NHANES of 2013-2016 were extracted. LE8 score was calculated based on American Heart Association definitions. Total testosterone (TT) values were measured in NHANES using precise isotope dilution liquid chromatography. MBAD was defined as serum TT of <300 ng/dL. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted. Propensity score matching (PSM) and weighted regression after matching were added as sensitivity analyses. The generalized additive model, smooth curve fitting, and the recursive algorithm were used to determine the potential inflection points. Piecewise regression models with log-likelihood ratio test were used to quantify nonlinear effects. Results A total of 3094 participants who were males and aged 20 years or above were included. Out of them, 805 males were diagnosed with MBAD. After adjusting the confounders in the multivariable model, LE8 was independently associated with MBAD (OR 0.96, P < 0.001) and TT (β 2.7, P < 0.001). The association remained robust even after PSM. The non-linear relationship of LE8 behaviors score with MBAD and TT was revealed. Conclusion LE8 was an independent protective factor of MBAD and a feasible approach to promote male endocrine sexual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mutong Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhongfu Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cong Yin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiyang Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bentao Shi
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University/Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Huang J, Shi P, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Gao T, Wang X. Associations between smoking, sex steroid hormones, trouble sleeping, and depression among U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES (2013-2016). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1541. [PMID: 38849814 PMCID: PMC11157951 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dose-response and nonlinear relationships of cigarette exposure with sleep disturbances and depression are warranted, and the potential mechanism of sex hormones in such associations remains unclear. METHODS Cigarette exposure, trouble sleeping, and depression were assessed by standard questionnaires, and the levels of cotinine and sex steroid hormones were determined among 9900 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Multiple linear regression, logistic regression, and mediation models were conducted to evaluate the associations between smoking, sex steroid hormones, trouble sleeping, and depression. RESULTS With never smokers as a reference, current smokers had a higher prevalence of trouble sleeping (OR = 1.931, 95% CI: 1.680, 2.219) and depression (OR = 2.525, 95% CI: 1.936, 3.293) as well as testosterone level (β = 0.083, 95% CI: 0.028, 0.140). Pack-years of smoking and cigarettes per day were positively associated with the prevalence of trouble sleeping and depression as well as testosterone level (Ptrend <0.05). The restricted cubic spline model showed linear relationships of cotinine with trouble sleeping, depression, and testosterone. The positive associations of cigarettes per day with trouble sleeping and depression were greater in females than that in males (Pmodification <0.05). However, the potential role of sex hormones was not observed in the association of cotinine with trouble sleeping or depression (Pmediation >0.05). CONCLUSION Smoking may induce sex hormone disturbance and increase the risk of sleep problems and depression symptoms, and ceasing smoking may reduce the risk of such complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peiwen Shi
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huinan Zhang
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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Li S, Feng A, Peng Y, Li L, Huang L, He N, Zeng M, Lyu J. Association between secondhand smoke exposure and serum sex hormone concentrations among US female adults: a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2016. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e073527. [PMID: 38749695 PMCID: PMC11097805 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and serum sex hormone concentrations in female adults (never smokers and former smokers). DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2016. OUTCOME MEASURES Serum sex hormone measures included total testosterone (TT) and oestradiol (E2), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), the ratio of TT and E2 and free androgen index (FAI). Isotope dilution-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure serum TT and E2. SHBG was measured using immunoassay. The ratio of TT and E2 and FAI were calculated. SHS exposure was defined as serum cotinine concentration of 0.05-10 ng/mL. PARTICIPANTS A total of 622 female participants aged ≥20 years were included in the analysis. RESULTS For never smokers, a doubling of serum cotinine concentration was associated with a 2.85% (95% CI 0.29% to 5.47%) increase in TT concentration and a 6.29% (95% CI 0.68% to 12.23%) increase in E2 in fully adjusted models. The never smokers in the highest quartile (Q4) of serum cotinine level exhibited a 10.30% (95% CI 0.78% to 20.72%) increase in TT concentration and a 27.75% (95% CI 5.17% to 55.17%) increase in E2 compared with those in the lowest quartile (Q1). For former smokers, SHBG was reduced by 4.36% (95% CI -8.47% to -0.07%, p for trend=0.049) when the serum cotinine level was doubled, and the SHBG of those in Q4 was reduced by 17.58% (95% CI -31.33% to -1.07%, p for trend=0.018) compared with those in Q1. CONCLUSION SHS was associated with serum sex hormone concentrations among female adults. In never smokers, SHS was associated with increased levels of TT and E2. In former smokers, SHS was associated with decreased SHBG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuna Li
- Department of Clinical Research, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aozi Feng
- Department of Clinical Research, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongjia Peng
- Department of HIV/AIDS/STI Prevention and Control, Foshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Clinical Research, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liying Huang
- Department of Clinical Research, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningxia He
- Department of Clinical Research, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wynne-Ellis MM, Mursu JJ, Tuomainen TP, Bertone-Johnson E, Salonen JT, Virtanen JK. Dietary fat quality and serum androgen concentrations in middle-aged men. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:99-106. [PMID: 37891228 PMCID: PMC10853065 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Average testosterone concentrations in men have declined over the last few decades. The reasons for this are not fully known, but changes in dietary fat quality have been suggested to have a role. This study aimed to investigate the associations of different dietary fatty acids with serum androgen concentrations. SUBJECTS/METHODS A total of 2546 men with a mean age of 53 from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study were included in this cross-sectional study. Associations between dietary saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA) and trans (TFA) fatty acids and concentrations of serum total and free testosterone and steroid hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were analyzed with analysis of covariance and linear regression analysis. Associations of isocaloric replacement of nutrients and androgen concentrations were analyzed with multivariate nutrient-density models. RESULTS After adjustment for age, examination year and energy intake, higher SFA intake was associated with higher serum total and free testosterone and SHBG concentrations, and higher PUFA intake with lower concentrations. However, the associations were attenuated and not statistically significant after further adjustments for potential confounders. MUFA and TFA intakes were not associated with androgen concentrations. In isocaloric substitution models, replacing dietary protein with SFA was associated with higher serum total testosterone and SHBG concentrations. After excluding men with history of CVD or diabetes (n = 1021), no statistically significant associations were found. CONCLUSIONS Dietary fat quality was not independently associated with serum androgen concentrations in middle-aged men. However, replacing protein with SFA may be associated with higher serum androgen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miika M Wynne-Ellis
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko J Mursu
- University of Jyväskylä, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Jukka T Salonen
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Metabolic Analytical Services Oy, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio, Finland.
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Osadchuk L, Kleshchev M, Osadchuk A. Effects of cigarette smoking on semen quality, reproductive hormone levels, metabolic profile, zinc and sperm DNA fragmentation in men: results from a population-based study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1255304. [PMID: 37920251 PMCID: PMC10619690 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1255304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking seems to have a negative impact on men's reproductive health, but our knowledge of its effects on the reproductive function of Russian men is still very limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on semen quality, including sperm DNA fragmentation, hormonal, zinc and metabolic status in young men from the general multi-ethnic Russian population (n=1,222, median age 23 years) and to find out the ethno-specific effects of smoking by comparing male groups of different ethnicity. Methods Each participant filled out a standardized questionnaire, provided one blood and semen sample. Semen parameters, serum reproductive hormones, lipids, glucose, uric acid and seminal zinc were analyzed. Participants were classified as smokers (n=450) and non-smokers (n=772), and smokers were stratified into moderate (≤10 cigarettes/day) and heavy (>10 cigarettes/day) smokers. Results In the entire study population, heavy smokers were characterized by a decrease in semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration and motility, and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and teratozoospermia compared with non-smokers (p<0.05). There was also a reduction in the serum and seminal zinc level as well as an impairment in metabolic health in smokers compared with non-smokers (p<0.05). No significant differences between smokers and non-smokers were found for serum levels of LH, FSH, inhibin B, testosterone and estradiol. In the second part of our study, the most numerous ethnic groups of Slavs (n=654), Buryats (n=191), and Yakuts (n=125) were selected from the entire study population. Among three ethnic groups, the smoking intensity was higher in Slavs than in Buryats or Yakuts suggesting a greater tobacco addiction in Slavs than in Asians. A decrease in semen parameters and seminal zinc levels, and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and teratozoospermia was observed only in smoking Slavs (p<0.05); moderate decrease in testosterone and increase in triglyceride levels were revealed in smoking Yakuts (p<0.05), but no significant changes were detected in smoking Buryats. Conclusion We concluded that cigarette smoking has an ethno-specific effect on male reproductive function, probably due to the different activity of the seminal antioxidant system, which is yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Osadchuk
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim Kleshchev
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Osadchuk
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Pietruszewska W, Morawska J, Manning JT, Sitek A, Antoszewski B, Kasielska-Trojan A. Digit ratio (2D:4D), laryngeal cancer and vocal fold leukoplakia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04850-8. [PMID: 37211562 PMCID: PMC10374665 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there are no studies that have analyzed the possible influence of exposure to prenatal sex hormones on the risk of laryngeal cancer (LC) and premalignant laryngeal lesion-vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL). Digit ratio (2D:4D) is suggested to be a proxy of prenatal sex hormone exposure. OBJECTIVE To examine 2D:4D in patients with LC and clarify if it could add to the verified risk factors in estimating the overall risk of LC. METHODS 511 subjects participated in the study. The study group included 269 patients: with LC (N = 114, 64 men) and VFL (N = 155, 116 men). Controls included 242 healthy individuals (66.40 ± 4.50 years (106 men)). RESULTS Predictive models estimating the risk of VFL and LC in women, based solely on predictors like smoking and alcohol consumption had a lower area under the ROC curve (AUC) than the model with left 2D:4D. AUC for the model estimating the likelihood of VFL increased from 0.83 to 0.85, and for LC from 0.76 to 0.79. CONCLUSIONS Low left 2D:4D may be associated with an increased risk of developing leukoplakia and laryngeal cancer in women. In the case of laryngeal cancer, left 2D:4D may serve as additional variable (to other known risk factors, such as smoking and/or alcohol consumption), which can improve cancer risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Pietruszewska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Morawska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - John T Manning
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Aneta Sitek
- Department of Anthropology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bogusław Antoszewski
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Institute of Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Kasielska-Trojan
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Institute of Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland.
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Vergroesen JE, Kaynak A, Aribas E, Kavousi M, van Meurs JBJ, Klaver CCW, Ramdas WD. Higher testosterone is associated with open-angle glaucoma in women: a genetic predisposition? Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 37161452 PMCID: PMC10170716 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testosterone may be a possible modifiable risk factor for open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and intraocular pressure (IOP), but evidence has been scarce and conflicting. In this study we evaluated the association of testosterone and its genetic predisposition with incident (i) OAG, IOP, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCL +). METHODS Participants aged 45-100 years were derived from the prospective, population-based Rotterdam Study. Ophthalmic examinations and serum testosterone measurements (including bioavailable and free testosterone) were performed from 1991 onwards. Follow-up took place every 4-5 years. A total of 187 out of 7898 participants were diagnosed with incident (i) OAG during follow-up. Genotyping was performed in 165 glaucoma cases and 6708 controls. We calculated sex-specific weighted genetic risk scores (GRS) for total and bioavailable testosterone. Associations with iOAG were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Associations with IOP, RNFL, and GCL + were analyzed with multivariable linear regression. Analyses were stratified on sex and adjusted for at least age, body mass index, and follow-up duration. RESULTS In men, testosterone was not associated with iOAG. However, the GRS for higher total testosterone was associated with an increased iOAG risk (odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.48 [1.18; 5.22], per unit). In women, higher values of bioavailable testosterone (2.05 [1.00; 4.18] per nmol/L) and free testosterone (1.79 [1.00; 3.20] per ng/dL) were significantly associated with increased risk of iOAG. Moreover, the GRS for higher bioavailable testosterone was associated with an increased iOAG risk (2.48 [1.09; 5.65], per unit). Higher bioavailable and free testosterone were adversely associated with IOP (0.58 [0.05; 1.10] per nmol/L and 0.47 [0.04; 0.90] per ng/dL). Higher total testosterone was inversely associated with peripapillary RNFL and GCL + (Beta [95% CI]: - 3.54 [- 7.02; - 0.06] per nmol/L and - 2.18 [- 4.11; - 0.25] per nmol/L, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In women, higher testosterone levels increased the risk of iOAG. Both IOP-dependent and IOP-independent mechanisms may underlie this association. Managing testosterone levels may be particularly relevant for the prevention of neurodegeneration in the eye. Future research should confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle E Vergroesen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adem Kaynak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elif Aribas
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, University of Basel, CH-4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wishal D Ramdas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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12
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Hu Y, Yuan L, Bao YJ, Wang Y, Cai TT, Ma JH, Ding B. Low Total Testosterone Levels in Men with Newly Diagnosed Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in China. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:2082940. [PMID: 37181070 PMCID: PMC10169243 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2082940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective There is a bidirectional interaction between circulating testosterone and blood glucose levels. We aim to investigate the testosterone levels in men with early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods A total of 153 drug naive men with T2DM were enrolled in the study. Early- (n = 63) and late-onset (n = 90) T2DM was classified according to age 40 years old. Clinical characteristics and plasma for biochemical criterions were collected. Gonadal hormones were measured using chemiluminescent immunometric assay. The concentrations of 3β- and 17β-HSD were determined using ELISA. Results Compared with men with late-onset T2DM, those with early-onset T2DM had lower serum total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and FSH, but higher dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) level (p < 0.05). The mediating effect analysis showed that the decreased TT levels in patients with early-onset T2DM were associated with the higher HbA1c, BMI, and triglyceride in these patients (both p < 0.05). The early-onset of T2DM directly correlated with increased DHEA-S (both p < 0.01). The 3β-HSD concentration in the early-onset T2DM group was lower than that in the late-onset T2DM group (11.07 ± 3.05 vs. 12.40 ± 2.72 pg/mL, p = 0.048) and was positively correlated with fasting C-peptide, while negatively correlated with HbA1c and fasting glucagon (p all < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with early-onset T2DM showed inhibition of conversion from DHEA to testosterone, which may attribute to the low level of 3β-HSD and high blood glucose in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lu Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-jie Bao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting-ting Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-hua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
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13
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Allen MS, Tostes RC. Cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction: an updated review with a focus on pathophysiology, e-cigarettes, and smoking cessation. Sex Med Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qeac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cigarette smoking has major health implications and causes substantial damage to all organ systems. Approximately one-third of men are active smokers worldwide, and most men are unaware that cigarette smoking can contribute to erectile dysfunction (ED).
Objectives
This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of research conducted on cigarette smoking and ED, with a particular focus on pathophysiology, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), and smoking cessation.
Methods
A manual literature search was conducted on all research conducted on cigarette smoking and ED up to October 2022.
Results
Substantial evidence is now available showing that past and current cigarette smoking has dose-dependent associations with ED in studies controlling for age and important health comorbidities. Cigarette smoke contains nicotine, carbon monoxide, oxidant chemicals, and metals that can damage the endothelium and disrupt erectile processes. For current smokers, smoking abstinence can strengthen the endothelium and reverse diminished erectile function. The effect of e-cigarettes on endothelial damage and ED remains largely untested. E-cigarettes expose users to fine and ultrafine particles and toxins that can increase risk of cardiovascular injury, but these acute effects appear less potent than conventional cigarettes (long-term cardiovascular effects are still unknown). E-cigarettes are therefore likely to have less harmful effects on ED than conventional cigarettes.
Conclusions
Smoking cessation programs that focus on nicotine replacement therapy (transdermal patches, gum, or inhalers), behavioral counseling, social support, and education programs can be effective approaches to ED treatment in active smokers. Temporarily transferring from regular cigarettes to e-cigarettes—which transmit some of the same carcinogens as conventional cigarettes and are likely to have some long-term cardiovascular effects that disrupt erectile function—might also be useful for long-term smoking cessation and treatment of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Allen
- Department of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies , Leeds Trinity University, Leeds, LS18 5HD, UK
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Jiang Z, He R, Wu H, Yu J, Zhu K, Luo Q, Liu X, Pan J, Huang H. The causal association between smoking initiation, alcohol and coffee consumption, and women's reproductive health: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Genet 2023; 14:1098616. [PMID: 37091804 PMCID: PMC10117654 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1098616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: A number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that smoking initiation and alcohol and coffee consumption were closely related to women's reproductive health. However, there was still insufficient evidence supporting their direct causality effect. Methods: We utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis with summary datasets from genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate the causal relationship between smoking initiation, alcohol and coffee consumption, and women's reproductive health-related traits. Exposure genetic instruments were used as variants significantly related to traits. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis approach, and we also performed MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode to supplement the sensitivity test. Then, the horizontal pleiotropy was detected by using MRE intercept and MR-PRESSO methods, and the heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q statistics. Results: We found evidence that smoking women showed a significant inverse causal association with the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels (corrected β = -0.033, p = 9.05E-06) and age at menopause (corrected β = -0.477, p = 6.60E-09) and a potential positive correlation with the total testosterone (TT) levels (corrected β = 0.033, p = 1.01E-02). In addition, there was suggestive evidence for the alcohol drinking effect on the elevated TT levels (corrected β = 0.117, p = 5.93E-03) and earlier age at menopause (corrected β = -0.502, p = 4.14E-02) among women, while coffee consumption might decrease the female SHBG levels (corrected β = -0.034, p = 1.33E-03). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that smoking in women significantly decreased their SHBG concentration, promoted earlier menopause, and possibly reduced the TT levels. Alcohol drinking had a potential effect on female higher TT levels and earlier menopause, while coffee consumption might lead to lower female SHBG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoying Jiang
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Renke He
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kejing Zhu
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Qinyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Jiexue Pan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiexue Pan, ; Hefeng Huang,
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiexue Pan, ; Hefeng Huang,
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15
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Rushing BR, Tilley S, Molina S, Schroder M, Sumner S. Commonalities in Metabolic Reprogramming between Tobacco Use and Oral Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10261. [PMID: 36011897 PMCID: PMC9408724 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use is a major public health concern and is linked to myriad diseases, including cancer. The link between tobacco use and oral cancer, specifically, is very strong, making tobacco use one of the primary risk factors for oral cancer. While this association is well known, the underlying biochemical changes that result from tobacco use, and how this links to metabolic phenotypes of oral cancer, is not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, a combination of literature reviews and metabolomics studies were performed to identify commonalities in metabolic perturbations between tobacco use and oral cancers. Metabolomics analysis was performed on pooled reference urine from smokers and non-smokers, healthy and malignant oral tissues, and cultured oral cells with or without treatment of the well-known tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Alterations in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrates/oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, nucleotide metabolism, steroid metabolism, and vitamin metabolism were found to be shared between tobacco use and oral cancer. These results support the conclusion that tobacco use metabolically reprograms oral cells to support malignant transformation through these pathways. These metabolic reprogramming events may be potential targets to prevent or treat oral cancers that arise from tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake R. Rushing
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Spencer Tilley
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sabrina Molina
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Madison Schroder
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Susan Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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16
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Santos HO, Cadegiani FA, Forbes SC. Nonpharmacological Interventions for the Management of Testosterone and Sperm Parameters: A Scoping Review. Clin Ther 2022; 44:1129-1149. [PMID: 35810031 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Testosterone replacement and associated pharmacologic agents are effective strategies to treat male hypogonadism; however, nutraceutical agents and lifestyle modification approaches have gained medical interest. The purpose of this scoping review is to highlight the evidence (or lack thereof) of nutraceuticals and lifestyle modification approaches in the management of testosterone levels and sperm parameters. METHODS A scoping review of nonpharmacologic interventions (supplements, herbal medicines, diets, sleep, and exercise) with the potential to improve male health was undertaken to elucidate changes in testosterone levels and sperm parameters in men with hypogonadism or infertility compared with healthy patients. FINDINGS A multitude of nutraceuticals and functional nutrients are purported to stimulate testosterone production; however, only a select few have had promising results, such as zinc, vitamin D (in case of hypovitaminosis D), l-arginine, mucuna, and ashwagandha, based on well-controlled randomized clinical trials of men with low testosterone levels and related problems. Except for l-arginine, these natural agents, as well as tribulus and ω3 fatty acids, can improve some degree of sperm parameters in infertile men. Before implementing these nutraceutical agents, adequate sleep, exercise, and weight loss in patients with obesity are imperative. The effects of nonpharmacologic interventions on testosterone levels are modest and hence do not directly translate into clinical benefits. Correspondingly, androgen receptor content, but not endogenous androgens, has been regarded as the principal factor in muscle hypertrophy. IMPLICATIONS A limited number of supplements and herbal medicines can be considered as adjunctive approaches in the management of testosterone levels and sperm parameters, primarily in men with low testosterone levels and infertility, whereas most nonpharmacologic supplements appear to lack evidence. Although proper physical exercise, sleep, and diet are indisputable approaches because of the general benefits to health, the use of nutraceuticals, if considered, must be personalized by physicians and/or registered dietitians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Cadegiani
- Applied Biology Inc, Irvine, California; Department of Endocrinology, Corpometria Institute, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Scott C Forbes
- Faculty of Education, Department of Physical Education Studies, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
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17
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Vishnevsky G, Sinnreich R, Nassar H, Merom D, Ish-Shalom M, Kark JD, Levine H. Different Factors Are Associated With Sex Hormones and Leydig Cell Function in Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221106060. [PMID: 35815720 PMCID: PMC9277445 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221106060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Total testosterone (TT) is known to influence health and virility in men. Among
men from United States and Europe, numerous sociodemographic and lifestyle
factors were reported to be associated with TT. However, associations with TT
and Leydig cell function in the Middle East are poorly described. A
cross-sectional, population-based sample had a structured interview, physical
examinations, and blood tests in two hospitals in Jerusalem, Israel. A subsample
(25- to 44-year-old men, n = 286: 124 Israelis, 162
Palestinians) had sex hormone measurements. The primary outcomes were TT and
free testosterone/luteinizing hormone (FT/LH) ratio, representing Leydig cell
function. Associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, body mass
index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) were evaluated using multivariable
linear regression. Compared with Palestinians, Israelis had similar TT (4.81 vs.
5.09 ng/mL, p = .405) and higher FT/LH (31.2 vs. 25.8 ng/IU,
p = .002). In ln-transformed values, marital status had a
stronger association in Palestinians (P for interaction = 0.03). Age, BMI, and
PA had a stronger association with TT in Israelis with significant interactions
with ethnicity. BMI <25 and a higher PA quartile were associated with a
higher TT (p < .001). Among Israelis, age
(p = .007), married marital status (p =
.007), and BMI <25 were significantly associated with FT/LH. No associations
of any factors were identified among Palestinians. Associations with several
modifiable factors identified in Western samples were replicated in Israelis and
to a lesser degree in Palestinians. Different relationships of several factors
with TT and FT/LH could result from ethnically diverse genetic,
sociodemographic, and behavioral characteristics that warrant further
research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Vishnevsky
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hisham Nassar
- Department of Cardiology, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dafna Merom
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Maya Ish-Shalom
- The Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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18
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Kimblad A, Ollvik G, Lindh CH, Axelsson J. Decreased sperm counts in Swedish users of oral tobacco. Andrology 2022; 10:1181-1188. [PMID: 35642735 PMCID: PMC9543234 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Smoke‐free tobacco via moist oral snuff (snus) is used daily in more than 20% of Swedish men. Negative effects of cigarette smoking on sperm parameters are well documented, unlike for snuff, despite relevance also for other smoke‐free nicotine products. Objectives We wanted to investigate whether reproductive parameters differed between users and non‐users of snuff, and whether the amount of snuff and nicotine exposure mattered. Materials and methods Men (n = 613) from the general population, recruited 2000–2010, were physically examined, answered questions on smoking and snuff use, and delivered urine, blood and semen samples. Sperm concentration, total sperm count, semen volume, percent morphologically normal and progressively motile sperm, and DNA fragmentation index (by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay) and reproductive hormones were analysed. Nicotine exposure was measured through urinary levels of cotinine. We used general linear models, with adjustments including cigarette smoking, and for semen parameters also abstinence time. Results After adjustments, total sperm count was 24% lower (P = 0.03) and testosterone 14% higher (P < 0.001) in 109 users of snuff than in non‐users, whereas cotinine was positively associated with testosterone and oestradiol (P < 0.001). Numbers of boxes of snuff used per week were associated with testosterone and FSH (P < 0.001). Discussion Applied to the general population, the consumption of smoke‐free tobacco by the use of snuff was associated with a lower sperm count and a higher testosterone, for which the extent seemed to play a role. Conclusions Independent of smoking, consumption of snuff was associated with lower total sperm count and different hormone levels. Applying these results to a reported association between sperm count and the chance of pregnancy, men who used snuff would have about a 10% lower chance of fathering a child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Kimblad
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Sweden.,Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gustav Ollvik
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Sweden.,Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christian H Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonatan Axelsson
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Sweden.,Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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19
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Krinke E, Held U, Steigmiller K, Felmingham K, Kleim B. Sex hormones and cortisol during experimental trauma memory consolidation: Prospective association with intrusive memories. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2040818. [PMID: 35386732 PMCID: PMC8979510 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2040818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trauma- and stress-related disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are more common in females than in males. Sex hormones affect learning and emotional memory formation and may be associated with the development of PTSD. Most previous studies have indexed these hormones in isolation. Objectives: To investigate associations of sex hormones and cortisol during memory consolidation on the development of intrusive memories. Methods: We employed an experimental trauma film paradigm in 61 healthy women and indexed salivary testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, and cortisol on day one and day two post experimental trauma exposure and their effects on intrusion frequency, distress, and vividness. Intrusive trauma memories were indexed by means of a diary in which participants documented intrusion frequency, distress, and vividness. Results and conclusion: Participants reported an average of 5.3 intrusions over the course of seven days (SD = 4.6, range 0-26). Progesterone, and estradiol indexed on day one predicted intrusion frequency, with higher progesterone and lower estradiol predicting more intrusive memories (p-values AUC progesterone 0.01 and estradiol 0.02). There was no evidence for associations between hormone concentration indices on day two and intrusion outcomes. Further research on the roles of gonadal and adrenal hormones in trauma memory formation is needed to advance our efforts to understand their influence on PTSD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Krinke
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Held
- Department of Biostatistics at Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Steigmiller
- Department of Biostatistics at Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kim Felmingham
- Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Birgit Kleim
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Centre, ZNZ University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Harrison S, Davies NM, Howe LD, Hughes A. Testosterone and socioeconomic position: Mendelian randomization in 306,248 men and women in UK Biobank. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/31/eabf8257. [PMID: 34321204 PMCID: PMC8318368 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf8257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Men with more advantaged socioeconomic position (SEP) have been observed to have higher levels of testosterone. It is unclear whether these associations arise because testosterone has a causal impact on SEP. In 306,248 participants of UK Biobank, we performed sex-stratified genome-wide association analysis to identify genetic variants associated with testosterone. Using the identified variants, we performed Mendelian randomization analysis of the influence of testosterone on socioeconomic position, including income, employment status, neighborhood-level deprivation, and educational qualifications; on health, including self-rated health and body mass index; and on risk-taking behavior. We found little evidence that testosterone affected socioeconomic position, health, or risk-taking. Our results therefore suggest that it is unlikely that testosterone meaningfully affects these outcomes in men or women. Differences between Mendelian randomization and multivariable-adjusted estimates suggest that previously reported associations with socioeconomic position and health may be due to residual confounding or reverse causation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Harrison
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neil M Davies
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Laura D Howe
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Amanda Hughes
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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21
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Interactive Effects of Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors on Testicular Function among Healthy Adult Men: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094925. [PMID: 34063114 PMCID: PMC8124479 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the role of lifestyle factors in testicular function has developed into a growing area of interest. Based on cross-sectional data on 3283 Taiwanese men, we investigated whether interactive effects of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors were associated with testicular function. The men were recruited from a private screening institute between 2009 and 2015. Lifestyle behaviors (smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity (PA), sleeping habits, and diet) were obtained by a validated self-reported questionnaire. The men provided a semen sample and had blood drawn for sex hormone measurement. Men who smoked and drank had higher testosterone (T) levels (β = 0.81, p < 0.001) than those who neither smoked nor drank. Men who smoked and had high Western dietary pattern scores had higher T levels-by 0.38 ng/mL (p = 0.03). Those who drank and did not get enough sleep or had high Western dietary pattern scores had elevated T levels-by 0.60 ng/mL (p = 0.005) or 0.45 ng/mL (p = 0.02), respectively. Light PA and insomnia were associated with decreased T levels-by 0.64 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Those who smoked and drank or had light PA or had high Western dietary pattern scores had lower normal sperm morphologies (NSMs)-by 2.08%, 1.77%, and 2.29%, respectively. Moreover, drinkers who had high Western dietary pattern scores had higher sperm concentrations-by 4.63 M/mL (p = 0.04). Awareness and recognition of the long-term impact of lifestyle behaviors and better lifestyle choices may help to optimize the chance of conception amongst couples.
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22
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Banica T, Verroken C, Reyns T, Mahmoud A, T'Sjoen G, Fiers T, Kaufman JM, Lapauw B. Early Decline of Androgen Levels in Healthy Adult Men: An Effect of Aging Per Se? A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:1074-1083. [PMID: 33382411 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Androgen levels have been shown to decline in aging men. However, there is no consensus on the effect of aging, (changes in) body mass index (BMI), lifestyle factors, and intercurrent disease. OBJECTIVE Investigating longitudinal changes in serum androgen levels in healthy men in relation to body composition, lifestyle factors, and intercurrent disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Longitudinal, population-based sibling pair study at a university research center. 999 healthy men aged 24 to 46 years of whom 691 were reevaluated after a mean period of 12 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Serum SHBG, LH, and FSH levels measured using immuno-assays. Testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), dihydro-testosterone (DHT), and androstenedione (Adione) measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectometry, free T calculated (cFT). RESULTS Baseline age was 34 ± 6 years. Mean BMI increased by 1.19 kg/m2, T levels decreased by 14.2% (20.8 nmol/L vs. 17.8 nmol/L), cFT by 19.1% (392 pmol/L vs. 317 pmol/L), DHT by 15.6% (1.5 nmol/L vs.1.3 nmol/L), and Adione by 10.7% (3.7 nmol/L vs. 3.3 nmol/L; all P < 0.001). E2 did not change over time. SHBG increased by 3.0% (39.8 nmol/L vs. 41.0 nmol/L), LH by 5.8% (4.6 U/L vs. 4.9 U/L) and FSH by 14.7% (4.3 U/L vs. 5.1 U/L) (all P < 0.001). For T, cFT, DHT, Adione, and SHBG, these longitudinal changes persisted after adjustment for confounders (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Serum androgen levels start declining early during adult life and independently from changes in BMI and other lifestyle factors, suggesting that aging per se leads to an altered sex steroid status. Given the concurrent rise in gonadotropin levels, the decline in androgen status most likely arises from primary decrease in testicular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiberiu Banica
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Tim Reyns
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy T'Sjoen
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Fiers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marc Kaufman
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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23
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Gillenwater LA, Kechris KJ, Pratte KA, Reisdorph N, Petrache I, Labaki WW, O’Neal W, Krishnan JA, Ortega VE, DeMeo DL, Bowler RP. Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Sex Specific Associations with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Emphysema. Metabolites 2021; 11:161. [PMID: 33799786 PMCID: PMC7999201 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility and progression of lung disease, as well as response to treatment, often differ by sex, yet the metabolic mechanisms driving these sex-specific differences are still poorly understood. Women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have less emphysema and more small airway disease on average than men, though these differences become less pronounced with more severe airflow limitation. While small studies of targeted metabolites have identified compounds differing by sex and COPD status, the sex-specific effect of COPD on systemic metabolism has yet to be interrogated. Significant sex differences were observed in 9 of the 11 modules identified in COPDGene. Sex-specific associations by COPD status and emphysema were observed in 3 modules for each phenotype. Sex stratified individual metabolite associations with COPD demonstrated male-specific associations in sphingomyelins and female-specific associations in acyl carnitines and phosphatidylethanolamines. There was high preservation of module assignments in SPIROMICS (SubPopulations and InteRmediate Outcome Measures In COPD Study) and similar female-specific shift in acyl carnitines. Several COPD associated metabolites differed by sex. Acyl carnitines and sphingomyelins demonstrate sex-specific abundances and may represent important metabolic signatures of sex differences in COPD. Accurately characterizing the sex-specific molecular differences in COPD is vital for personalized diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A. Gillenwater
- Computational Bioscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Katerina J. Kechris
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Katherine A. Pratte
- Division of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (K.A.P.); (I.P.); (R.P.B.)
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Irina Petrache
- Division of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (K.A.P.); (I.P.); (R.P.B.)
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Wassim W. Labaki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Wanda O’Neal
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jerry A. Krishnan
- Breathe Chicago Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA;
| | - Victor E. Ortega
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Russell P. Bowler
- Division of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA; (K.A.P.); (I.P.); (R.P.B.)
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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24
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Lima TFN, Nackeeran S, Rakitina E, Lima GFN, Arora H, Kargi AY, Ramasamy R. Association of Leptin with Total and Free Testosterone: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:94-100. [PMID: 33179018 PMCID: PMC7654971 DOI: 10.1089/andro.2020.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Obese men can have testosterone deficiency (TD) but the etiology is uncertain. Leptin is a 16-kDa protein produced primarily by adipose tissue and, therefore, is positively associated with the amount of body fat and can affect testosterone (T) production. We hypothesized that increased leptin can be independently associated with low T. Materials and Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of men from National Health and Nutrition Examination III database to evaluate the association of leptin with serum T and calculated free testosterone (cFT). Linear regression was performed with leptin, age, waist circumference, hypertension, and diabetes as independent variables predicting cFT/T. Multiple linear regression was used to determine predictors for cFT and T using variables previously significant in the univariate analysis. Results A total of 1193 men were analyzed. As expected, older and obese men were associated with having lower T. Interestingly, increasing leptin levels were an independent predictor of decreasing T and cFT on multivariable analysis. Increasing 1ng/mL in leptin resulted in a decrease of 5.13 and 0.11 ng/dL of T and cFT, respectively (p < 0.05). Also, every additional year of life led to a T and cFT reduction of 2.87 and 0.13 ng/dL, respectively, and increasing 1 cm in waist circumference corresponded to decrease of 4ng/dL in T (p < 0.05). Conclusions We concluded that increasing leptin, age, and waist circumference were associated with decreasing of T and cFT. Elevated leptin levels could be one of the potential etiologies of TD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sirpi Nackeeran
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Evgeniya Rakitina
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Himanshu Arora
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Atil Y Kargi
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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25
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Exploring the Association between Cannabis Use and Testosterone Levels in Men Receiving Methadone Maintenance Treatment. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint1020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis and opioids are substances that affect reproductive health. Opioids suppress testosterone and studies have shown that cannabis may increase testosterone. However, there is minimal research describing the endocrine effects of concurrent cannabis and opioid use. We hypothesize that cannabis use improves opioid-induced testosterone suppression. To test this hypothesis, we used cross-sectional data from a prospective cohort study including 122 men enrolled in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). We measured serum testosterone with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at study enrolment. Urine drug screens were collected for 15 months and identified 52.5% of participants (n = 64) as cannabis users. The association between cannabis use and testosterone level was examined using regression models with serum testosterone as the dependent variable. In our multivariable regression, methadone dose was associated with lower serum testosterone (β = −0.003, 95% CI-0.005, −0.001, p = 0.003). However, neither cannabis use as a dichotomous variable nor the percentage of cannabis-positive urine drug screens were significantly associated with serum testosterone (β = 0.143, 95% CI −0.110, 0.396, p = 0.266, and β = 0.002, 95% CI > −0.001, 0.005, p = 0.116, respectively). Therefore, it does not appear that cannabis has an association with testosterone levels in men on MMT.
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26
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Sato N, Shiota M, Shiga KI, Kashiwagi E, Takeuchi A, Inokuchi J, Yokomizo A, Naito S, Eto M. Effect of Smoking on Oncological Outcome among Prostate Cancer Patients after Radical Prostatectomy with Neoadjuvant Hormonal Therapy. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:559-564. [PMID: 33016145 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1833212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the association between smoking and oncological outcome after radical prostatectomy with neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. This study included men who had undergone radical prostatectomy with neoadjuvant hormonal therapy between 2003 and 2016. We evaluated the association between clinicopathological factors and smoking status as well as the prognostic significance of smoking status in biochemical recurrence. The patients' backgrounds were comparable between smokers and nonsmokers. Smoking status were identified as significant risk factors of biochemical recurrence. Smoking was a risk factor of biochemical recurrence, suggesting that smoking may promote cancer recurrence after surgical treatment combined with hormonal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Sato
- Department of Urology, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ario Takeuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Yokomizo
- Department of Urology, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Naito
- Department of Urology, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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27
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Corona G, Rastrelli G, Dicuio M, Concetti S, Minnetti M, Pivonello R, Isidori A, Sforza A, Maggi M. Subclinical male hypogonadism. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2020; 46:252-261. [PMID: 32969626 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.20.03208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The concept of subclinical or compensated male hypogonadism (SHG), characterized by increased gonadotropins and normal testosterone levels is emerging. However, its real clinical significance is still conflicting. The aim of the present study was to summarize and discuss the available evidence related to the possible definition of SHG and the possible advantages of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A comprehensive systematic Medline, Embase and Cochrane search was performed. Publications from January 1, 1969 up to February 29, 2020 were included. The search was restricted to English-language articles and studies of human participants. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Two main clinical forms of SHG can be described. The first identifies young patients who have a positive medical history for testis damage occurring before puberty onset. The second form can occur as a consequence of an age-dependent decline of T. Whereas the former can be the consequence of several congenital or acquired diseases, also possible causes of primary hypogonadism, the real significance of the latter is still debatable. Available evidence indicates that age-related SHG is quite a common phenomenon, occurring in 9.4% of aging men from the general population. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data have documented that it is associated with poor health and can be a sign of forthcoming increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. CONCLUSIONS Although available evidence suggests that in aging populations SHG can be considered a particular condition associated with an increased CV risk, it is still unknown if treatment with T can improve any outcomes in these subjects. Hence, further interventional studies are advisable to better understand the characteristics of SHG and the possible advantages of an early TRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Medical Department, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy -
| | - Giulia Rastrelli
- Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Dicuio
- Urology Unit, Surgical Department, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Sergio Concetti
- Urology Unit, Surgical Department, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna Minnetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Unit of Andrology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Andrology, Reproductive Medicine and Male and Female Sexuality (FERTISEXCARES) Center, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sforza
- Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Medical Department, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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28
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Kasielska-Trojan A, Manning JT, Antczak A, Dutkowska A, Kuczyński W, Sitek A, Antoszewski B. Digit ratio (2D:4D) in women and men with lung cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11369. [PMID: 32647333 PMCID: PMC7347627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A prenatal sex steroid environment of high prenatal testosterone and low prenatal oestrogen inhibits lung development and may predispose individuals to be vulnerable to lung disease in later life. Therefore, the aim of this report was to investigate whether there is an association between right and left 2D:4D (biomarker of prenatal sex steroids exposure) and primary lung cancer in women and men. Also, we considered the relationship between right–left 2D:4D (Δ2D:4D, a negative correlate of high prenatal testosterone and low prenatal oestrogen) and the age of lung cancer diagnosis. The study included 109 patients (61 men) with lung cancer and 197 controls (78 men). In the study we found that: (i) women with lung cancer have lower 2D:4D compared to controls (the effect was independent of smoking), (ii) among women with cancer, age at diagnosis was positively related to 2D:4D, i.e. women with masculinized 2D:4D present earlier with the cancer than women with feminized 2D:4D, (iii) among men with lung cancer, those with the most aggressive form (small-cell lung cancer) had masculinized (low) Δ2D:4D compared to those with the less aggressive form (non-small cell lung cancer). The data suggests that masculinized right 2D:4D and Δ2D:4D are associated with a predisposition to lung cancer and/or the more aggressive forms of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kasielska-Trojan
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Institute of Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland.
| | - J T Manning
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Institute of Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland.,Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - A Antczak
- Department of General and Oncological Pulmonology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - A Dutkowska
- Department of General and Oncological Pulmonology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - W Kuczyński
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - A Sitek
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - B Antoszewski
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Institute of Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland
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29
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Alomari MA, Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH, Eissenberg T. Puffing topography and physiological responses in men and women with low versus high waterpipe dependence during smoking: The WiHi Irbid project. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 212:108037. [PMID: 32417361 PMCID: PMC9271691 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waterpipe smoking is spreading worldwide, and it is associated with many adverse effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of waterpipe smoking puffing topography, and related physiological measures, with both gender and level of dependence on waterpipe. METHOD Exclusive waterpipe smokers were asked to smoke a single waterpipe session in a specialized laboratory while their smoking topography, and in-breath CO level were recorded pre- and post- smoking. Waterpipe dependence was measured using the LWDS-11 scale. RESULTS In the high dependence group, the total number of puffs, was greater in men than women. In addition, the average flow rate was greater in men with high compared to low dependence. For inter-puffing intervals, greater values were recorded in men and women with low versus high dependence. No other differences were found between the subgroups in total session time, average puff duration, average puff volume, and maximum flow rate. Pre-smoking CO content and CO boost were greater in men versus women in both dependence groups. Post-smoking CO content was greater in women with high versus low dependence, whereas it was lower in women versus men with low dependence. CONCLUSIONS The current results indicate several effects for waterpipe smoking dependence on smoking topography. Many of these differences were gender dependent with men having higher exposure than women in most aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. Alomari
- Department of Physical Education, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.,Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Omar F. Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Thomas Eissenberg
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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30
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Kowal M, Sorokowski P, Żelaźniewicz A, Nowak J, Orzechowski S, Żurek G, Żurek A, Juszkiewicz A, Wojtycka L, Sieniuć W, Poniatowska M, Tarnowska K, Kowalska K, Drabik K, Łukaszek P, Krawczyk K, Stefaniak T, Danek N. No relationship between the digit ratios (2D:4D) and salivary testosterone change: Study on men under an acute exercise. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10068. [PMID: 32572079 PMCID: PMC7308391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The digit ratio (2D:4D) is said to be a potential marker of exposure to prenatal sex steroids. Some studies suggest that the 2D:4D is also linked with the testosterone response to challenging situations due to organizational effect of prenatal hormonal milieu on adult endocrine functioning. However, up to date, there were only four studies (conducted on small samples) that examined the 2D:4D and the testosterone response to a challenging situation (i.e. physical exertion or aggressive context). Here, we examined the relationship between the 2D:4D and the testosterone change under an acute exercise among 97 men. We found that the digit ratios (the right 2D:4D, the left 2D:4D, and the right minus left 2D:4D) were neither predictors of pre-exercise testosterone, nor the change in testosterone level after a cycling task. Our results add a contradictory to previous studies evidence in a discussion on the links of the 2D:4D and the testosterone change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kowal
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Sorokowski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
| | | | - Judyta Nowak
- Department of Human Biology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Żurek
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Alina Żurek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Lidia Wojtycka
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Kaja Kowalska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Natalia Danek
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
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31
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Boskey ER, Jolly D, Tabaac AR, Ganor O. Behavioral Health Concerns and Eligibility Factors Among Adolescents and Young Adults Seeking Gender-Affirming Masculinizing Top Surgery. LGBT Health 2020; 7:182-189. [DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2019.0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Boskey
- Center for Gender Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Divya Jolly
- Center for Gender Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ariella R. Tabaac
- Center for Gender Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oren Ganor
- Center for Gender Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Peltier MR, Flores JM, Smith PH, Roberts W, Verplaetse TL, Moore KE, Hacker R, Oberleitner LM, McKee SA. Smoking Across the Menopausal Transition in a 10-Year Longitudinal Sample: The Role of Sex Hormones and Depressive Symptoms. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:872-877. [PMID: 31058288 PMCID: PMC7249927 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current cigarette smoking rates among older women remain problematic, especially given that this population experiences increased smoking-related health consequences. Despite these increased health concerns, little research to date has explored smoking patterns across the menopausal transition (pre-, early-peri-, late-peri-, and postmenopausal) or the effect of unique factors such as sex hormones and depression during this transition. METHODS This study used 10 yearly waves of data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a longitudinal dataset. Data included 1397 women endorsing ever smoking regularly at baseline. Random-effects logistic regression models were used to examine smoking transitions. RESULTS Although there were no associations between menopausal transition stage and smoking behavior, increased estradiol was associated with an increased likelihood of quitting regular smoking (eg, transitioning from regular smoking to non-regular or no smoking; odds ratio [OR] = 1.28), whereas increased testosterone was associated with an increased likelihood of relapsing to regular smoking (eg, transitioning from former or nonregular smoking to regular smoking OR = 2.56). Depression was associated with increased likelihood of continued smoking (OR = 0.97) and relapse (OR = 1.03). CONCLUSIONS The results emphasize the need to develop interventions to target initiated or continued smoking among women across the menopausal transition and specifically highlight the importance of developing treatments that target depressive symptoms in this population. In addition, although singular hormone measures were associated with smoking behavior, there is a need for future study of dynamic changes in hormones, as well as the impact of progesterone on smoking behaviors across the menopausal transition. IMPLICATIONS To date, no studies have examined smoking behaviors across the menopausal transition. In this study, although menopausal transition status was not significantly related to transitions in smoking behavior, important relationships between sex hormones and depression were observed. Increased estradiol was associated with an increased likelihood of quitting regular smoking, whereas increased testosterone was associated with an increased likelihood of relapsing to regular smoking behavior. Higher depression scores were related to continued smoking and relapse to regular smoking behavior. These results highlight the need to develop interventions to target smoking cessation among women across the menopausal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M Flores
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Philip H Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Walter Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Kelly E Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Robyn Hacker
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Sherry A McKee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Lin JH, Ho DR, Shi CS, Chen CS, Li JM, Huang YC. The influence of smoking exposure and cessation on penile hemodynamics and corporal tissue in a rat model. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:637-645. [PMID: 32420170 PMCID: PMC7215033 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.12.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While epidemiological studies have clearly documented that smoking cessation significantly enhances sexual health, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Thus, we wished to explore possible mechanisms by using a rat model of smoking-associated erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods Forty 8-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. Ten rats were exposed only to room air (N group). The remaining 30 rats were passively exposed to cigarette smoke over a 12-week period. At the end of 12 weeks, the smoking (S, n=10) group underwent immediate erectile function testing and were sacrificed. The remaining 20 rats were exposed to room air only for 4 (Q4W, n=10) or 8 (Q8W, n=10) weeks and then underwent erectile function testing and sacrifice. Erectile function was evaluated by measuring intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). After blood collection for serum testosterone determination, rats were sacrificed to obtain corporal tissue for immunohistochemistry. Results Mean ICP/MAP ratio was significantly lower in the S group compared to the N and Q8W groups (0.52±0.11, 0.94±0.05, and 0.94±0.12, respectively, P=0.0189). Smooth muscle/collagen ratio was also significantly lower in the S group compared to the N and Q8W groups (11.8±0.94, 17.5±1.82, and 16.4±0.60, respectively, P=0.0008). Oxidative stress and apoptotic indices were significantly higher in the S group compared to the N and Q8W groups. Neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthases were significantly less expressed in the S group compared to the N and Q8W groups. Conclusions Smoking cessation is associated with partial recovery of penile hemodynamics in a rat model of smoking associated ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hui Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Dong-Ru Ho
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Chung-Sheng Shi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | - Chih-Shou Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Jhy-Ming Li
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Yun-Ching Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
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de Angelis C, Nardone A, Garifalos F, Pivonello C, Sansone A, Conforti A, Di Dato C, Sirico F, Alviggi C, Isidori A, Colao A, Pivonello R. Smoke, alcohol and drug addiction and female fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:21. [PMID: 32164734 PMCID: PMC7069005 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-0567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable interest has been gathered on the relevant impact of preventable factors, including incorrect lifestyle and unhealthy habits, on female fertility. Smoking, alcohol and addictive drugs consumption represent a major concern, given the broad range of diseases which might be favored or exacerbated by these dependable attitudes. Despite the well-characterized effects of prenatal exposure on pregnancy outcomes and fetus health, a substantial proportion of women of reproductive age is still concerned with these habits. At present, the impact of smoke, alcohol and addictive drugs on women fertility, and, particularly, the specific targets and underlying mechanisms, are still poorly understood or debated, mainly due to the scarcity of well-designed studies, and to numerous biases. OBJECTIVE The current review will provide a comprehensive overview of clinical and experimental studies in humans and animals addressing the impact of smoke, alcohol and addictive drugs on female fertility, by also embracing effects on ovary, oviduct, and uterus, with particular reference to primary endpoints such as ovarian reserve, steroidogenesis, ovulation and menstrual cycle, oviduct function and uterus receptivity and implantation. A brief focus on polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriosis will be also included. METHODS A Pubmed literature search was performed with selected keywords; articles were individually retrieved by each author. No limitation was set for publication date. Articles in languages other than English were excluded. Additional articles were retrieved from references list of selected manuscripts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Currently, the most consistent evidences of a detrimental effect of smoke, alcohol and addictive drugs on specific domains of the female reproductive function are provided by experimental studies in animals. Overall, clinical studies suggest that smoking is associated to decreased fertility, although causal inference should be further demonstrated. Studies addressing the effect of alcohol consumption on female fertility provide conflicting results, although the majority reported lack of a correlation. Extremely scarce studies investigated the effects of addictive drugs on female fertility, and the specific actions of selected drugs have been difficult to address, due to multidrug consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina de Angelis
- I.O.S. & COLEMAN Srl, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Garifalos
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Sansone
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rome “Sapienza”, viale Regina Elena 324, 00162 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Conforti
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Medicine, Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Di Dato
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rome “Sapienza”, viale Regina Elena 324, 00162 Roma, Italy
| | - Felice Sirico
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Medicine, Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Isidori
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rome “Sapienza”, viale Regina Elena 324, 00162 Roma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile”, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile”, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Background: Social identity theory proposes that people define themselves in terms of the social groups they belong to or aspire to belong to. Tobacco smoking and alcohol use in men have been hypothesized to be symbolic of adult male status. The current study examines whether adolescent personality characteristics linked to masculinity and nonconformity are associated with tobacco smoking and alcohol misuse in men. Methods: The analysis is based on the results of a cross-sectional study conducted in 2018 on a stratified, random sample of 703 adult male residents of Warsaw, Poland, with elementary- and secondary-school education. All survey data were collected through a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. A path model is employed to examine the direct and indirect effects of adolescent characteristics on tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption. Results: According to the path model, retrospective perceptions of self-reported character strength, rebellion against unjustified prohibitions and rules, ease in making decisions, willingness to differ from others, and interest in the opposite gender in adolescence had a significant direct effect on tobacco smoking in adolescence and a significant indirect effect on tobacco smoking in adulthood. The variables representing character strength, rebellion against unjustified prohibitions and rules, ease in making decisions, and interest in the opposite gender in adolescence also showed a significant direct effect on alcohol use in adolescence. Conclusion: Masculinity and nonconformity were related to addictive behaviors in men, which might have health policy implications. In this paper, associating traditional masculinity with health orientation in society is proposed as a possible preventive intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Czaderny
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Statistics and Demography, Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Poland
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Carrasco-Rios M, Ortolá R, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, García-Esquinas E. Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke is associated with reduced muscle strength in US adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12674-12684. [PMID: 31815682 PMCID: PMC6949081 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure is a well-established risk factor for several diseases in adults. Despite the evidence that active tobacco smoke is harmful for the muscles, the association between SHS and muscle strength is still uncertain.We analyzed data from 5390 nonsmoking U.S. adults aged >30 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Exposure to SHS was assessed with serum cotinine concentrations. Grip strength was measured using a Takei digital handgrip dynamometer, and combined grip strength was calculated as the sum of the largest reading from each hand. Median (interquartile range) serum cotinine and grip strength were 0.015 ng/mL (IQR 0.011-0.36) and 65.5 kg (IQR 53.4-86.4), respectively. After adjusting for sociodemographic, anthropometric, health-related behavioral, and clinical risk factors, the highest (0.047-9.9 ng/mL) vs lowest (≤0.011 ng/mL) quartile of serum cotinine was associated with a reduction in combined grip strength of 1.41 kg (95%CI: -2.58, -0.24), p-trend=0.02. These results were consistent across socio-demographic and clinical subgroups. In the US nonsmoking adult population, even low levels of exposure to passive smoking were associated with decreased grip strength. Despite great achievements in tobacco control, extending public health interventions to reduce SHS exposure is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Carrasco-Rios
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Mitchell KA, Shah E, Bowman ED, Zingone A, Nichols N, Pine SR, Kittles RA, Ryan BM. Relationship between West African ancestry with lung cancer risk and survival in African Americans. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:1259-1268. [PMID: 31468279 PMCID: PMC8274945 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE African Americans, especially men, have a higher incidence of lung cancer compared with all other racial and ethnic groups in the US. Self-reported race is frequently used in genomic research studies to capture an individual's race or ethnicity. However, it is clear from studies of genetic admixture that human genetic variation does not segregate into the same biologically discrete categories as socially defined categories of race. Previous studies have suggested that the degree of West African ancestry among African Americans can contribute to cancer risk in this population, though few studies have addressed this question in lung cancer. METHODS Using a genetic ancestry panel of 100 SNPs, we estimated West African, European, and Native American ancestry in 1,407 self-described African Americans and 2,413 European Americans. RESULTS We found that increasing West African ancestry was associated with increased risk of lung cancer among African American men (ORQ5 vs Q1 = 2.55 (1.45-4.48), p = 0.001), while no association was observed in African American women (ORQ5 vs Q1 = 0.90 (0.51-1.59), p = 0.56). This relationship diminished following adjustment for income and education. CONCLUSIONS Genetic ancestry is not a major contributor to lung cancer risk or survival disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah A Mitchell
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ebony Shah
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Elise D Bowman
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Adriana Zingone
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Noah Nichols
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sharon R Pine
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Rick A Kittles
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Populations Sciences, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Bríd M Ryan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Building 37, Room 3060C, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Burk CL, Mayer A, Wiese BS. Nail-biters and thrashing wins: Testosterone responses of football fans during World Cup matches. Physiol Behav 2019; 209:112596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shah SS, Shah M, Habib SH, Shah FA, Malik MO. Correlation of plasma kisspeptin with total testosterone levels in smokeless tobacco and smoking tobacco users in a healthy cohort: A cross-sectional study. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13409. [PMID: 31502328 DOI: 10.1111/and.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infertility is a worldwide health issue and is the inability to conceive following twelve months of unprotected sexual intercourse. Consistent studies reiterated tobacco abuse to be an important risk factor which adversely effects male fertility. This study aims to determine the correlation of kisspeptin and total testosterone levels in smokeless tobacco, smoking tobacco users and healthy controls. A total of 180 subjects were selected using random sampling technique. Non-fasting blood samples (5 ml) were drawn, and ELISA technique was used for the evaluation of plasma levels of kisspeptin and total testosterone. Total testosterone was found to be significantly high in smokers and smokeless tobacco users, while the level of kisspeptin was found to be significantly high in smokeless tobacco users only as compared to control group. Furthermore, the level of cholesterol was found to be significantly low, whereas HDL and triglycerides were found to be significantly high in smokeless tobacco users relative to control subjects. Findings of this study suggest that tobacco use has impact on HPG axis by affecting kisspeptin level. The increase in kisspeptin level can affect hypothalamic function leading to pituitary and gonadal dysfunction along with impairment of reproduction. The finding that smokeless tobacco significantly raises kisspeptin strengthens the idea that smokeless tobacco use has more potent effects centrally compared to smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Salman Shah
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Shah
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hamid Habib
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Omar Malik
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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40
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Kaufman JM, Lapauw B, Mahmoud A, T'Sjoen G, Huhtaniemi IT. Aging and the Male Reproductive System. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:906-972. [PMID: 30888401 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review presents an overview of current knowledge on fertility and reproductive hormone changes in aging men, the factors driving and modulating these changes, their clinical consequences, and the benefits and risks of testosterone (T) therapy. Aging is accompanied by moderate decline of gamete quality and fertility. Population mean levels show a mild total T decline, an SHBG increase, a steeper free T decline, and a moderate LH increase with important contribution of comorbidities (e.g., obesity) to these changes. Sexual symptoms and lower hematocrit are associated with low T and are partly responsive to T therapy. The relationship of serum T with body composition and metabolic health is bidirectional; limited beneficial effects of T therapy on body composition have only marginal effects on metabolic health and physical function. Skeletal changes are associated primarily with estradiol and SHBG. Cognitive decline is not consistently linked to low T and is not improved by T therapy. Although limited evidence links moderate androgen decline with depressive symptoms, T therapy has small beneficial effects on mood, depressive symptoms, and vitality in elderly patients with low T. Suboptimal T (and/or DHT) has been associated with increased risk of stroke, but not of ischemic heart disease, whereas an association with mortality probably reflects that low T is a marker of poor health. Globally, neither severity of clinical consequences attributable to low T nor the nature and magnitude of beneficial treatment effects justify the concept of some broadly applied "T replacement therapy" in older men with low T. Moreover, long-term safety of T therapy is not established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Kaufman
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy T'Sjoen
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilpo Tapani Huhtaniemi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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41
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Vučičević Boras V, Fučić A, Baranović S, Blivajs I, Milenović M, Bišof V, Rakušić Z, Ceppi M, Bruzzone M. Environmental and behavioural head and neck cancer risk factors. Cent Eur J Public Health 2019; 27:106-109. [DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Duca Y, Aversa A, Condorelli RA, Calogero AE, La Vignera S. Substance Abuse and Male Hypogonadism. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E732. [PMID: 31121993 PMCID: PMC6571549 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive deterioration of male reproductive function is occurring in Western countries. Environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyles have been implicated in the decline of testosterone levels and sperm production observed in the last fifty years. Among unhealthy lifestyles, substance and drug abuse is a recognized cause of possible alterations of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. Alcohol, opioids and anabolic-androgenic steroids are capable to reduce testosterone production in male interfering with testicular and/or hypothalamic-pituitary function. Other substances such as nicotine, cannabis, and amphetamines alter spermatogenesis inducing oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis in testicular tissue. Substance and drug abuse is a potentially reversible cause of hypogonadism, defined as the failure of the testis to produce physiological concentrations of testosterone and/or a normal number of spermatozoa. The identification of the abuse is important because the withdrawal of substance intake can reverse the clinical syndrome. This review summarizes the most important clinical and experimental evidence on the effect of substance abuse on testosterone and sperm production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Duca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | | | - Aldo Eugenio Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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43
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Beale AL, Kaye DM, Marques FZ. The role of the gut microbiome in sex differences in arterial pressure. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:22. [PMID: 31023366 PMCID: PMC6485140 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been intense interest in the role of the gut microbiome in human health and a broad range of diseases in recent years. In the context of cardiovascular disease, gut dysbiosis (defined as a change in the gut microbiome and the gut-epithelial barrier) has been linked to disturbances in blood pressure (BP) regulation. These findings build upon our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of essential hypertension. There are clear sex differences in the epidemiology of hypertension, with distinct trends in BP across the life-course in men and women. To date, a role for the gut microbiome in contributing to the sex differences in BP is yet to be clearly established. The purpose of this review is to summarise the current literature regarding how the gut microbiome differs between men and women and to investigate whether sex-determined differences in the gut microbiome influence the response to factors such as diet, obesity and inflammation. Finally, we will explore evidence for the possible interaction between sex-specific factors, including sex hormones and pregnancy, with the gut in the context of hypertension pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Beale
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Heart Centre, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David M Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Heart Centre, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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44
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Park B, Lee YJ. Upcoming Aging Society and Men's Health: Focus on Clinical Implications of Exercise and Lifestyle Modification. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:24-31. [PMID: 30799560 PMCID: PMC6920071 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.180103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological research has indicated that men have increased health risks due to biological and social factors. Research in the area of men's health has been focused on disease events and subsequent disabilities. In future aging societies, more attention should be paid to the importance of men's health because a decreased quality of life and increased social burden are impending unless proper maneuvers are taken to slow the development and progression of morbidity through the use of preventive strategies. The adoption of a healthier lifestyle and the early identification and management of risk factors are very important and can be an initiative for prevention and for slowing the progression of morbidities with related quality of life issues. Males are rather vulnerable in terms of health, and conscious and active efforts are required to promote their health in an aging society. Here, we hope to shed light on the influence of lifestyle modifications and their clinical implications on men's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoungjin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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45
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Hughes A, Kumari M. Testosterone, risk, and socioeconomic position in British men: Exploring causal directionality. Soc Sci Med 2019; 220:129-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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46
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Shiota M, Kashiwagi E, Murakami T, Takeuchi A, Imada K, Inokuchi J, Tatsugami K, Eto M. Serum testosterone before and during androgen-deprivation therapy, and prognosis between cigarette smokers and nonsmokers with metastatic prostate cancer. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13119. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Tomohiko Murakami
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ario Takeuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Kenjiro Imada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Katsunori Tatsugami
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
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47
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Raisanen JC, Chadwick SB, Michalak N, van Anders SM. Average Associations Between Sexual Desire, Testosterone, and Stress in Women and Men Over Time. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2018; 47:1613-1631. [PMID: 29845444 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Sexual desire and testosterone are widely assumed to be directly and positively linked to each other despite the lack of supporting empirical evidence. The literature that does exist is mixed, which may result from a conflation of solitary and dyadic desire, and the exclusion of contextual variables, like stress, known to be relevant. Here, we use the Steroid/Peptide Theory of Social Bonds as a framework for examining how testosterone, solitary and partnered desire, and stress are linked over time. To do so, we collected saliva samples (for testosterone and cortisol) and measured desire as well as other variables via questionnaires over nine monthly sessions in 78 women and 79 men. Linear mixed models showed that testosterone negatively predicted partnered desire in women but not men. Stress moderated associations between testosterone and solitary desire in both women and men, but differently: At lower levels of stress, higher average testosterone corresponded to higher average solitary desire for men, but lower solitary desire on average for women. Similarly, for partnered desire, higher perceived stress predicted lower desire for women, but higher desire for men. We conclude by discussing the ways that these results both counter presumptions about testosterone and desire but fit with the existing literature and theory, and highlight the empirical importance of stress and gender norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Raisanen
- Departments of Psychology and Women's Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sara B Chadwick
- Departments of Psychology and Women's Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas Michalak
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sari M van Anders
- Departments of Psychology and Women's Studies, Program in Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences Program; Science, Technology and Society Program; Biosocial Methods Collaborative, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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48
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Defeudis G, Mazzilli R, Gianfrilli D, Lenzi A, Isidori AM. The CATCH checklist to investigate adult-onset hypogonadism. Andrology 2018; 6:665-679. [PMID: 29888533 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adult-onset hypogonadism is a syndrome often underdiagnosed, undertreated, or incompletely explored. There are various reasons for this: firstly, undefined age range of men in whom testosterone levels should be investigated and then no definitive serum cutoff point for the diagnosis of hypogonadism; and finally, variable and non-specific signs and symptoms; men and physicians do not pay adequate attention to sexual health. All these factors make the diagnostic criteria for hypogonadism controversial. The evaluation of the clinical features and causes of this syndrome, its link with age, the role of testosterone and other hormone levels, and the presence of any comorbidities are all useful factors in the investigation of this population. The purpose of this manuscript, after an accurate analysis of current literature, is to facilitate the diagnosis of hypogonadism in men through the use of the CATCH acronym and a checklist to offer a practical diagnostic tool for daily clinical practice. A narrative review of the relevant literature regarding the diagnosis of late-onset hypogonadism or adult-onset hypogonadism was performed. PubMed database was used to retrieve articles published on this topic. A useful new acronym CATCH (Clinical features [symptoms] and Causes, Age, Testosterone level, Comorbidities, and Hormones) and a practical checklist to facilitate the evaluation of hypogonadism in aging men were used. The evaluation of the clinical features and causes of hypogonadism, the link with age, the role of Testosterone and other hormones, and the evaluation of comorbidities are important in investigating adult-onset hypogonadism. The CATCH checklist could be helpful for clinicians for an early diagnosis of both hypogonadism and associated comorbidities. We suggest the use of this acronym to advocate the investigation of declining testosterone in aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Defeudis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Mazzilli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Gianfrilli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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49
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Lenz B, Röther M, Bouna-Pyrrou P, Mühle C, Tektas OY, Kornhuber J. The androgen model of suicide completion. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 172:84-103. [PMID: 29886148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a devastating public health issue that imposes severe psychological, social, and economic burdens not only for the individuals but also for their relatives, friends, clinicians, and the general public. Among the different suicidal behaviors, suicide completion is the worst and the most relevant outcome. The knowledge of biological etiopathological mechanisms involved in suicide completion is limited. Hitherto, no objective markers, either alone or in combination, can reliably predict who will complete a suicide. However, such parameters are strongly needed to establish and optimize prediction and prevention. We introduce here a novel ideation-to-completion framework in suicide research and discuss the problems of studies aiming at identifying and validating clinically useful markers. The male gender is a specific risk factor for suicide, which suggests that androgen effects are implicated in the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide completion. We present multiple lines of direct and indirect evidence showing that both an increased prenatal androgen load (with subsequent permanent neuroadaptations) and increased adult androgen activity are involved in suicide completion. We also review data arguing that modifiable maternal behavioral traits during pregnancy contribute to the offspring's prenatal androgen load and increase the risk for suicide completion later in life. We conclude that in utero androgen exposure and adult androgen levels facilitate suicide completion in an synergistic manner. The androgen model of suicide completion provides the basis for the development of novel predictive and preventive strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany.
| | - Mareike Röther
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Polyxeni Bouna-Pyrrou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Ozan Y Tektas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
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50
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Lee HS, Park T. Nuclear receptor and VEGF pathways for gene-blood lead interactions, on bone mineral density, in Korean smokers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193323. [PMID: 29518117 PMCID: PMC5843219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis has a complex etiology and is considered a multifactorial polygenic disease, in which genetic determinants are modulated by hormonal, lifestyle, environmental, and nutritional factors. Therefore, investigating these multiple factors, and the interactions between them, might lead to a better understanding of osteoporosis pathogenesis, and possible therapeutic interventions. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between three blood metals (Pb, Cd, and Al), in smoking and nonsmoking patients' sera, and prevalence of osteoporosis. In particular, we focused on gene-environment interactions of metal exposure, including a dataset obtained through genome-wide association study (GWAS). Subsequently, we conducted a pathway-based analysis, using a GWAS dataset, to elucidate how metal exposure influences susceptibility to osteoporosis. In this study, we evaluated blood metal exposures for estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis in 443 participants (aged 53.24 ± 8.29), from the Republic of Korea. Those analyses revealed a negative association between lead blood levels and bone mineral density in current smokers (p trend <0.01). By further using GWAS-based pathway analysis, we found nuclear receptor (FDR<0.05) and VEGF pathways (FDR<0.05) to be significantly upregulated by blood lead burden, with regard to the prevalence of osteoporosis, in current smokers. These findings suggest that the intracellular pathways of angiogenesis and nuclear hormonal signaling can modulate interactions between lead exposure and genetic variation, with regard to susceptibility to diminished bone mineral density. Our findings may provide new leads for understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of osteoporosis, including possible interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics and Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Gwanak 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Daegu Institution, National Forensic Service, Hogukro, Waegwon-eup, Chilgok-gun, Gyeomgsamgbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesung Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics and Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Gwanak 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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