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Ukai Y, Taoka H, Kamada M, Wakui Y, Goto F, Kitazaki K, Abe T, Hokura A, Yoshihara T, Shimada H. Athyrium yokoscense, a cadmium-hypertolerant fern, exhibits two cadmium stress mitigation strategies in its roots and aerial parts. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s10265-024-01574-9. [PMID: 39242481 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Athyrium yokoscense is hypertolerant to cadmium (Cd) and can grow normally under a high Cd concentration despite Cd being a highly toxic heavy metal. To mitigate Cd stress in general plant species, Cd is promptly chelated with a thiol compound and is isolated into vacuoles. Generated active oxygen species (ROS) in the cytoplasm are removed by reduced glutathione. However, we found many differences in the countermeasures in A. yokoscense. Thiol compounds accumulated in the stele of the roots, although a long-term Cd exposure induced Cd accumulation in the aerial parts. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) analysis indicated that a large amount of Cd was localized in the cell walls of the roots. Overexpression of AyNramp5a, encoding a representative Fe and Mn transporter of A. yokoscense, increased both Cd uptake and Fe and Mn uptake in rice calli under the Cd exposure conditions. Organic acids are known to play a key role in reducing Cd availability to the plants by forming chelation and preventing its entry in free form into the roots. In A. yokoscense roots, Organic acids were abundantly detected. Investigating the chemical forms of the Cd molecules by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis detected many compounds with Cd-oxygen (Cd-O) binding in A. yokoscense roots, whereas in the aerial parts, the ratio of the compounds with Cd-sulfur (Cd-S) binding was increased. Together, our results imply that the strong Cd tolerance of A. yokoscense is an attribute of the following two mechanisms: Cd-O compound formation in the cell wall is a barrier to reduce Cd uptake into aerial parts. Thiol compounds in the region of root stele are involved in detoxication of Cd by formation of Cd-S compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ukai
- Live Imaging Center, Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Taoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo, Shinjuku, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Manaka Kamada
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Yuko Wakui
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Goto
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba, 270-1194, Japan
- Present Address: Center for Education and Research in Agricultural innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kitazaki
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba, 270-1194, Japan
- Present Address: Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Abe
- Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351- 0198, Japan
| | - Akiko Hokura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Denki University, Senju-Asahicho, Adachi, Tokyo, 120-8551, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Yoshihara
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba, 270-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimada
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan.
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Furlan V, Tošović J, Bren U. QM-CSA: A Novel Quantum Mechanics-Based Protocol for Evaluation of the Carcinogen-Scavenging Activity of Polyphenolic Compounds. Foods 2024; 13:2708. [PMID: 39272474 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel quantum mechanics-based protocol for the evaluation of carcinogen-scavenging activity (QM-CSA) is developed. The QM-CSA protocol represents a universal and quantitative approach to evaluate and compare the activation-free energies for alkylation reactions between individual polyphenolic compounds and chemical carcinogens of the epoxy type at physiological conditions by applying two scales: the absolute scale allowing for the comparison with guanine and the relative scale allowing the comparison with glutathione as a reference compound. The devised quantum mechanical methodology was validated by comparing the activation-free energies calculated with 14 DFT functionals in conjunction with two implicit solvation models (SMD and CPCM) and the experimental activation-free energies for reactions between nine investigated chemical carcinogens and guanine. According to the obtained results, the best agreement with experimental data was achieved by applying DFT functionals M11-L and MN12-L in conjunction with the flexible 6-311++G(d,p) basis set and implicit solvation model SMD, and the obtained uncertainties were proven to be similar to the experimental ones. To demonstrate the applicability of the QM-CSA protocol, functionals M11-L, and MN12-L in conjunction with the SMD implicit solvation model were applied to calculate activation-free energies for the reactions of nine investigated chemical carcinogens of the epoxy type with three catechins, namely EGCG, EGC, and (+)-catechin. The order of CSA in this series of catechins in comparison to guanine and glutathione was determined as (+)-catechin > EGC > EGCG. The obtained results, for the first time, demonstrated the evaluation and comparison of CSA in a series of selected catechins with respect to glutathione and guanine. Moreover, the presented results provide valuable insights into the reaction mechanisms and configurations of the corresponding transition states. The novel QM-CSA protocol is also expected to expand the kinetic data for alkylation reactions between various polyphenolic compounds and chemical carcinogens of the epoxy type, which is currently lacking in the scientific literature.
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Grants
- J1-2471, P2-0046, L2-3175, J4-4633, J1-4398, L2-4430, J3-4498, J7-4638, J1-4414, J3-4497, P2-0438, and I0-E015 Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (ARIS)
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Furlan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Sensors, Beloruska Ulica 7, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Jelena Tošović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Sensors, Beloruska Ulica 7, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
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Liu X, Zhu J, Zhang Q, Hu H, Zhang W, Xu H, Huang Y, Xie J, Liu H, Feng Y, Li J, Jia C. Multifunctional fluorescent probe for simultaneous revealing Cys and ONOO - dynamic correlation in the ferroptosis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 315:124248. [PMID: 38599026 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of lipid peroxidation-induced apoptosis brought on by imbalances in iron metabolism and redox. It involves both the thiol-associated anti-ferroptosis pathway and the excessive buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which stimulates the ferroptosis pathway. Determining the precise control mechanism of ferroptosis requires examining the dynamic connection between reactive sulfur species (RSS) and ROS. Cysteine (Cys) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) are highly active redox species in organisms and play dynamic roles in the ferroptosis process. In this study, a coumarin dye was conjugated with specific response sites for Cys and ONOO-, enabling the simultaneous detection of Cys and ONOO- through the green and red fluorescence channels, respectively (λem = 498 nm for Cys and λem = 565 nm for ONOO-). Using the probe LXB, we monitored the changes in Cys and ONOO- levels in the ferroptosis pathway induced by erastin. The results demonstrate a significant generation of ONOO- and a noticeable decrease in intracellular Cys levels at the beginning upon erastin treatment and finally maintains a relatively low level. This study presents the first probe to investigate the intracellular redox modulation and control between Cys and ONOO- during ferroptosis, providing valuable insights into the potential mutual correlation between Cys and ONOO- in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongbo Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiali Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qiangsheng Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 China
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute for Energy Research, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jialin Xie
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jianwei Li
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, Turku, 20520, Finland.
| | - Chunman Jia
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Chem, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Analysis and Testing Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Wahid ST, Lee SS, Kim IH. The impact of glycine and glutamate, as components of glutathione precursors, on the productivity, digestive performance and blood profile of weaning pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024. [PMID: 38943511 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The impact of glycine and glutamate, as components of glutathione (GSH) precursors, was studied as a factor in determining the growth rate of weaning pigs, their digestion of nutrient supplements and their blood concentration levels. There were 180 crossbred weaning pigs with an average body weight (BW) of 7.94 ± 1.53 kg (five pigs per pen [two barrows and three gilts]; nine pens per treatment) that were randomly assigned to one of four diets. We used a basal diet as the control, TRT1 as the treatment with 0.10% precursor of GSH, TRT2 as the treatment with 0.20% precursor of GSH and TRT3 as the treatment with 0.30% precursor of GSH. The BW of weaning pigs exhibited a linear increase on days 7 (p < 0.001), 21 (p < 0.001) and 42 (p < 0.009) following the supplementation with the GSH precursor. Supplementation with GSH precursor led to a consistent and gradual increase in average daily gain (ADG) on days 8-21, 22-42 and overall, as indicated by a significant linear trend (p < 0.05). G: F was linearly increased (p < 0.05) on days 22-42 and overall with the increment in the precursor of GSH supplementation. However, GSH precursor supplementation did not have any impact on nutrient digestibility and blood profile in the treatment group. In summary, the administration of GSH precursor improved BW, ADG and G: F ratio while not affecting nutrient digestibility or blood profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang Seon Lee
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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El-Serafi I, Steele S. Cyclophosphamide Pharmacogenomic Variation in Cancer Treatment and Its Effect on Bioactivation and Pharmacokinetics. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:4862706. [PMID: 38966316 PMCID: PMC11223907 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4862706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (Cy) is a prodrug that is mainly bioactivated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6 enzyme. Several other enzymes are also involved in its bioactivation and affect its kinetics. Previous studies have shown the effect of the enzymes' genetic polymorphisms on Cy kinetics and its clinical outcome. These results were controversial primarily because of the involvement of several interacting enzymes in the Cy metabolic pathway, which can also be affected by several clinical factors as well as other drug interactions. In this review article, we present the effect of CYP2B6 polymorphisms on Cy kinetics since it is the main bioactivating enzyme, as well as discussing all previously reported enzymes and clinical factors that can alter Cy efficacy. Additionally, we present explanations for key Cy side effects related to the nature and site of its bioactivation. Finally, we discuss the role of busulphan in conditioning regimens in the Cy metabolic pathway as a clinical example of drug-drug interactions involving several enzymes. By the end of this article, our aim is to have provided a comprehensive summary of Cy pharmacogenomics and the effect on its kinetics. The utility of these findings in the development of new strategies for Cy personalized patient dose adjustment will aid in the future optimization of patient specific Cy dosages and ultimately in improving clinical outcomes. In conclusion, CYP2B6 and several other enzyme polymorphisms can alter Cy kinetics and consequently the clinical outcomes. However, the precise quantification of Cy kinetics in any individual patient is complex as it is clearly under multifactorial genetic control. Additionally, other clinical factors such as the patient's age, diagnosis, concomitant medications, and clinical status should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim El-Serafi
- Basic Medical Sciences DepartmentCollege of MedicineAjman University, Ajman, UAE
- Department of Hand Surgery, and Plastic Surgery and BurnsLinköping University Hospital, Linkoöping, Sweden
| | - Sinclair Steele
- Pathological Sciences DepartmentCollege of MedicineAjman University, Ajman, UAE
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Haines DD, Cowan FM, Tosaki A. Evolving Strategies for Use of Phytochemicals in Prevention and Long-Term Management of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6176. [PMID: 38892364 PMCID: PMC11173167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This report describes major pathomechanisms of disease in which the dysregulation of host inflammatory processes is a major factor, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as a primary model, and reviews strategies for countermeasures based on synergistic interaction between various agents, including drugs and generally regarded as safe (GRAS) natural medical material (NMM), such as Ginkgo biloba, spice phytochemicals, and fruit seed flavonoids. The 15 well-defined CVD classes are explored with particular emphasis on the extent to which oxidative stressors and associated ischemia-reperfusion tissue injury contribute to major symptoms. The four major categories of pharmaceutical agents used for the prevention of and therapy for CVD: statins, beta blockers (β-blockers), blood thinners (anticoagulants), and aspirin, are presented along with their adverse effects. Analyses of major cellular and molecular features of drug- and NMM-mediated cardioprotective processes are provided in the context of their development for human clinical application. Future directions of the evolving research described here will be particularly focused on the characterization and manipulation of calcium- and calcineurin-mediated cascades of signaling from cell surface receptors on cardiovascular and immune cells to the nucleus, with the emergence of both protective and pathological epigenetic features that may be modulated by synergistically-acting combinations of drugs and phytochemicals in which phytochemicals interact with cells to promote signaling that reduces the effective dosage and thus (often) toxicity of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fred M. Cowan
- Uppsala Inc., 67 Shady Brook Drive, Colora, MD 21917, USA;
| | - Arpad Tosaki
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Pharmamodul Research Group, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Chai R, Xiao C, Yang Z, Du W, Lv K, Zhang J, Yang X. Identification of genes associated with sperm storage capacity in hens at different times after insemination by RNA-seq and Ribo-seq. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:554. [PMID: 38831306 PMCID: PMC11145833 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sperm storage capacity (SSC) determines the duration of fertility in hens and is an important reproduction trait that cannot be ignored in production. Currently, the genetic mechanism of SSC is still unclear in hens. Therefore, to explore the genetic basis of SSC, we analyzed the uterus-vagina junction (UVJ) of hens with different SSC at different times after insemination by RNA-seq and Ribo-seq. RESULTS Our results showed that 589, 596, and 527 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 730, 783, and 324 differentially translated genes (DTGs), and 804, 625, and 467 differential translation efficiency genes (DTEGs) were detected on the 5th, 10th, and 15th days after insemination, respectively. In transcription levels, we found that the differences of SSC at different times after insemination were mainly reflected in the transmission of information between cells, the composition of intercellular adhesion complexes, the regulation of ion channels, the regulation of cellular physiological activities, the composition of cells, and the composition of cell membranes. In translation efficiency (TE) levels, the differences of SSC were mainly related to the physiological and metabolic activities in the cell, the composition of the organelle membrane, the physiological activities of oxidation, cell components, and cell growth processes. According to pathway analysis, SSC was related to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, histidine metabolism, and PPAR signaling pathway at the transcriptional level and glutathione metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, calcium signaling pathway, cell adhesion molecules, galactose metabolism, and Wnt signaling pathway at the TE level. We screened candidate genes affecting SSC at transcriptional levels (COL4A4, MUC6, MCHR2, TACR1, AVPR1A, COL1A1, HK2, RB1, VIPR2, HMGCS2) and TE levels(COL4A4, MUC6, CYCS, NDUFA13, CYTB, RRM2, CAMK4, HRH2, LCT, GCK, GALT). Among them, COL4A4 and MUC6 were the key candidate genes differing in transcription, translation, and translation efficiency. CONCLUSIONS Our study used the combined analysis of RNA-seq and Ribo-seq for the first time to investigate the SSC and reveal the physiological processes associated with SSC. The key candidate genes affecting SSC were screened, and the theoretical basis was provided for the analysis of the molecular regulation mechanism of SSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitang Chai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhuliang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenya Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ke Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiurong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Jobby R, Sarkar M, Bose R, Srivastava S, Suprasanna P. Chromiomics: Chromium detoxification and approaches for engineering tolerance in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123991. [PMID: 38631449 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal that poses a grave threat to the ecosystem including plants. Chromium is very harmful to plants due to its effects on many physiological and metabolic pathways culminating in a negative impact on plant's growth, development, and ability to take up nutrients. Plants have developed physiological, biochemical, and molecular ways of defense against Cr, such as by augmenting antioxidant potential to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS). A number of genes have been discovered to play a significant role in the defense mechanisms of plants against Cr, for example, genes associated with the activation of phytochelatins, metallothioneins, and those of enzymes like glutathione-S-transferases. Along with this, a few miRNAs have been found to be associated in alleviating Cr stress and, to augment plant tolerance by controlling transcription factors, HSPs, and the expression of a few proteins and hormones. Defense pathway genes and miRNAs have been used for the generation of transgenic phytoremediator plants. Not only do the transgenic plants have a higher tolerance to Cr, but they also act as hyperaccumulators for Cr and have the potential to remediate other heavy metals. This article describes about environmental Cr contamination, Cr effects on plants, different genes and miRNAs involved in Cr stress mitigation and use of candidate genes, microRNAs for creating transgenic plant systems for phytoremediation, and the applications of CRISPR technology. It is expected that the integration of omics approach and advanced genomics will offer scope for more effective phytoremediation of Chromium in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renitta Jobby
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Maharashtra - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Maharashtra 410206, India; Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Maharashtra - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India
| | - Mrittika Sarkar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Maharashtra - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Maharashtra 410206, India
| | - Roshnee Bose
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Maharashtra - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Maharashtra 410206, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Maharashtra - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Maharashtra 410206, India; Amity Centre for Nuclear Biotechnology, Amity University, Maharashtra - Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Maharashtra 410206, India.
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Golubnitschaja O, Kapinova A, Sargheini N, Bojkova B, Kapalla M, Heinrich L, Gkika E, Kubatka P. Mini-encyclopedia of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals protecting health in primary and secondary care-clinically relevant 3PM innovation. EPMA J 2024; 15:163-205. [PMID: 38841620 PMCID: PMC11148002 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite their subordination in humans, to a great extent, mitochondria maintain their independent status but tightly cooperate with the "host" on protecting the joint life quality and minimizing health risks. Under oxidative stress conditions, healthy mitochondria promptly increase mitophagy level to remove damaged "fellows" rejuvenating the mitochondrial population and sending fragments of mtDNA as SOS signals to all systems in the human body. As long as metabolic pathways are under systemic control and well-concerted together, adaptive mechanisms become triggered increasing systemic protection, activating antioxidant defense and repair machinery. Contextually, all attributes of mitochondrial patho-/physiology are instrumental for predictive medical approach and cost-effective treatments tailored to individualized patient profiles in primary (to protect vulnerable individuals again the health-to-disease transition) and secondary (to protect affected individuals again disease progression) care. Nutraceuticals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds demonstrating health-promoting, illness-preventing, and other health-related benefits. Keeping in mind health-promoting properties of nutraceuticals along with their great therapeutic potential and safety profile, there is a permanently growing demand on the application of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals. Application of nutraceuticals is beneficial only if meeting needs at individual level. Therefore, health risk assessment and creation of individualized patient profiles are of pivotal importance followed by adapted nutraceutical sets meeting individual needs. Based on the scientific evidence available for mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals, this article presents examples of frequent medical conditions, which require protective measures targeted on mitochondria as a holistic approach following advanced concepts of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) in primary and secondary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Kapinova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Nafiseh Sargheini
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-Von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bianka Bojkova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marko Kapalla
- Negentropic Systems, Ružomberok, Slovakia
- PPPM Centre, s.r.o., Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Luisa Heinrich
- Institute of General Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eleni Gkika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Shang NY, Huang LJ, Lan JQ, Kang YY, Tang JS, Wang HY, Li XN, Sun Z, Chen QY, Liu MY, Wen ZP, Feng XH, Wu L, Peng Y. PHPB ameliorates memory deficits and reduces oxidative injury in Alzheimer's disease mouse model by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1142-1159. [PMID: 38409216 PMCID: PMC11130211 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people and substantially affects patient quality of life. Oxidative stress is considered a key factor in the development of AD. Nrf2 plays a vital role in maintaining redox homeostasis and regulating neuroinflammatory responses in AD. Previous studies show that potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate (PHPB) exerts neuroprotective effects against cognitive impairment in a variety of dementia animal models such as APP/PS1 transgenic mice. In this study we investigated whether PHPB ameriorated the progression of AD by reducing oxidative stress (OS) damage. Both 5- and 13-month-old APP/PS1 mice were administered PHPB (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) for 10 weeks. After the cognition assessment, the mice were euthanized, and the left hemisphere of the brain was harvested for analyses. We showed that 5-month-old APP/PS1 mice already exhibited impaired performance in the step-down test, and knockdown of Nrf2 gene only slightly increased the impairment, while knockdown of Nrf2 gene in 13-month-old APP/PS1 mice resulted in greatly worse performance. PHPB administration significantly ameliorated the cognition impairments and enhanced antioxidative capacity in APP/PS1 mice. In addition, PHPB administration significantly increased the p-AKT/AKT and p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratios and the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 in APP/PS1 mice, but these changes were abolished by knockdown of Nrf2 gene. In SK-N-SH APPwt cells and primary mouse neurons, PHPB (10 μM) significantly increased the p-AKT/AKT and p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratios and the level of Nrf2, which were blocked by knockdown of Nrf2 gene. In summary, this study demonstrates that PHPB exerts a protective effect via the Akt/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway and it might be a promising neuroprotective agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Long-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jia-Qi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yu-Ying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hong-Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xin-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qiu-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Meng-Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zi-Peng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xin-Hong Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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11
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Cergel E, Tuzuner BA, Turkyilmaz IB, Oktay S, Magaji UF, Sacan O, Yanardag R, Yarat A. Reversal of Valproate-Induced Major Salivary Gland Changes By Moringa Oleifera Extract in Rats. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301959. [PMID: 38469951 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential protective impacts of Moringa oleifera extract on major alteration in salivary glands of rats exposed to sodium valproate (VA). Groups were defined as control, control+moringa extract, sodium valproate, and sodium valproate+moringa extract. Antioxidant and oxidant status, activities of digestive and metabolic enzymes were examined. VA treatment led to various biochemical changes in the salivary glands, including decreased levels of antioxidants like glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase (except for sublingual superoxide dismutase). Conversely, a decrease in alpha-amylase, alkaline and acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, protease, and maltase activities were observed. The study also demonstrated that VA induces oxidative stress, increases lipid peroxidation, sialic acid, and nitric oxide levels in the salivary glands. Total oxidant capacity was raised in all glands except in the sublingual gland. The electrophoretic patterns of proteins were similar. Moringa oleifera extract exhibited protective properties, reversing these VA-induced biochemical changes due to its antioxidant and therapeutic attributes. This research suggests that moringa extract might serve as an alternative treatment approach for individuals using VA and experiencing salivary gland issues, although further research is necessary to confirm these findings in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Cergel
- Biochemistry Master of Science Student, Health Sciences Institute, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Halic University, Eyupsultan, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Burcin Alev Tuzuner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkiye
- Life Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Application and Research Centre, Istanbul Gelisim University, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Ismet Burcu Turkyilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Sehkar Oktay
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Umar Faruk Magaji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkiye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria
| | - Ozlem Sacan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Aysen Yarat
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkiye
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12
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Kim JH, Lee DY, Lee SY, Mariano E, Jeong JW, Yun SH, Lee J, Park J, Choi Y, Han D, Kim JS, Jo C, Hur SJ. Study on the Digestion-Induced Changes in the Characteristics and Bioactivity of Korean Native and Overseas Cattle-Derived Peptides. Food Sci Anim Resour 2024; 44:551-569. [PMID: 38765291 PMCID: PMC11097022 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2024.e64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare and analyze the changes in the biochemical characteristics and biological activity of peptide extracts derived from Chickso, Hanwoo, and Wagyu beef during digestion. The results of the in vitro digestion analysis revealed that the digestion rate, total free amino acid content, and antioxidant and antihypertensive activities of Chickso loin and shank myofibrillar proteins were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of Hanwoo and Wagyu loin and shank myofibrillar proteins. Particularly, the peptide extracts of Chickso loin and shank had a high angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity. In mice in vivo digestion experiment, the blood serum of mice fed with Chickso loin peptide extract (<10 kDa) showed the highest antioxidant enzyme activity. Thus, Chickso peptide extracts were deemed to be similar or more bioactive than Hanwoo and Wagyu peptide extracts, and can be used as bioactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Da Young Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Lee
- Division of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Ermie Mariano
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jae Won Jeong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Yun
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jinmo Park
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Yeongwoo Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Dahee Han
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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13
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Temiz Ö, Kargın D. Physiological responses of oxidative damage, genotoxicity and hematological parameters of the toxic effect of neonicotinoid-thiamethoxam in Oreochromis niloticus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104377. [PMID: 38272153 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of investigation assessed the impacts of neonicotinoid thiamethoxam (TMX) at sublethal concentrations in hematological profile and renal function of Oreochromis niloticus. In the experiment, fish were exposed to TMX in four groups (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, biochemical analysis of blood samples showed that the parameters indicating renal function showed a significant increase in serum enzymes ALT, AST, ALP and metabolites (BUN, urea, uric acid, creatinine and cortisol) concentrations, while albumin concentration decreased in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control group. In parallel with the decrease in Na+, K+ and Ca+2 in blood ion levels, there was a significant decrease in the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca+2 ATPase and AChE enzyme, levels of GSH and HSP70 in kidney tissue in TMX groups compared to the control group. It was determined that the toxic effect of TMX caused a significant increase in TBARS, PC, 8-OHdG levels, respectively. In conclusion, our study shows that TMX causes dose-dependent toxic effects, with knock-on effects on physiological processes regarding the hematological profile and renal function of O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Temiz
- Vocational School of Health Services, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, 80000 Osmaniye, Turkey.
| | - Dicle Kargın
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34865 Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Karagianni C, Bazopoulou D. Redox regulation in lifespan determination. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105761. [PMID: 38367668 PMCID: PMC10965828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the major challenges that remain in the fields of aging and lifespan determination concerns the precise roles that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play in these processes. ROS, including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, are constantly generated as byproducts of aerobic metabolism, as well as in response to endogenous and exogenous cues. While ROS accumulation and oxidative damage were long considered to constitute some of the main causes of age-associated decline, more recent studies reveal a signaling role in the aging process. In fact, accumulation of ROS, in a spatiotemporal manner, can trigger beneficial cellular responses that promote longevity and healthy aging. In this review, we discuss the importance of timing and compartmentalization of external and internal ROS perturbations in organismal lifespan and the role of redox regulated pathways.
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15
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Florea CM, Rosu R, Moldovan R, Vlase L, Toma V, Decea N, Baldea I, Filip GA. The impact of chronic Trimethylamine N-oxide administration on liver oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114429. [PMID: 38176578 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
TMAO, a gut microbiota derived byproduct, has been associated with various cardiometabolic diseases by promoting oxidative stress and inflammation. The liver is the main organ for TMAO production and chronic exposure to high doses of TMAO could alter its function. In this study, we evaluated the effect of chronic exposure of high TMAO doses on liver oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. TMAO was administered daily via gastric gavage to laboratory rats for 3 months. Blood was drawn for the quantification of TMAO, and liver tissues were harvested for the assessment of oxidative stress (MDA, GSH, GSSG, GPx, CAT, and 8-oxo-dG) and inflammation by quantification of IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β, NOS and COX-2 expression. The evaluation of fibrosis was made by Western blot analysis of α-SMA and Collagen-3 protein expression. Histological investigation and immunohistochemical staining of iNOS were performed in order to assess the liver damage. After 3 months of TMAO exposure, TMAO serum levels enhanced in parallel with increases in MDA and GSSG levels in liver tissue and lower values of GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio as well as a decrease in GPx and CAT activities. Inflammation was also highlighted, with enhanced iNOS, COX-2, and IL-10 expression, without structural changes and without induction of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Marius Florea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Rosu
- Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Experimental Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Research, branch of NIRDBS, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Center for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources "3B", Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Nicoleta Decea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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16
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Khalique MA, Andrabi SMH, Majeed KA, Yousaf MS, Ahmad N, Tahir SK, Fayyaz MH, Haider MS, Naz SS, Qureshi IZ, Sulaiman S, Zaneb H, Rehman H. Cerium oxide nanoparticles improve the post-thaw quality and in-vivo fertility of Beetal buck spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2024; 214:166-172. [PMID: 37879286 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The motility, health quality, and membrane disorders of spermatozoa are adversely affected during the process of semen cryopreservation due to the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) possess properties to scavenge ROS either by mimicking specific antioxidants or by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the effects of adding the CeO2NPs in the TRIS-citrate-yolk extender on in-vitro antioxidant enzyme activities, spermatozoa quality attributes, and in-vivo fertility of post-thaw Beetal buck spermatozoa. The CeO2NPs were prepared and characterized (UV-spectrophotometry, FTIR, and XRD). Semen samples, collected from bucks (n = 5), were distributed into five aliquots and diluted in an extender containing increasing concentrations of nanoparticles (0 μg/ml, called the control group, 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, 75 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL). At post-thaw, spermatozoa were evaluated for the above-mentioned attributes and the pregnancy rate by inseminating Beetal does (n = 252). Results demonstrated that CeO2NPs mitigated the detrimental effects of cryopreservation as ROS production and lipid peroxidation were lower (P < 0.001) in the 25, 50, and 75 μg/mL CeO2NPs-added groups compared to the control and 100 μg/ml CeO2NPs-added group. The addition of 25 μg/mL CeO2NPs improved (P < 0.001) the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase and the concentration of reduced glutathione (P < 0.001) compared to the other groups. In terms of sperm kinematics and velocity parameters, the groups added with the 25 and 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs exhibited higher total motility (P < 0.001), sperm progressive motility (P = 0.003), and rapid velocity (P < 0.001). The group added with the 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs had the highest (P = 0.04) average path velocity. The groups added with the 25 and 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs also exhibited higher plasma membrane integrity (P = 0.003), acrosomal integrity, and viability (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. The DNA integrity was also higher (P < 0.001) in all the CeO2NPs-added groups. The pregnancy rate was higher (P = 0.003) in the 25 (51.92 %) and 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs (58.33 %) groups compared to the other groups. Conclusively, our findings suggest that the inclusion of cerium oxide nanoparticles in the TRIS-citrate-yolk freezing extender can reduce the occurrence of cryopreservation-induced damages to Beetal's buck spermatozoa and ultimately enhance the pregnancy rate in does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Ali Khalique
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - Khalid Abdul Majeed
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Khan Tahir
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hammad Fayyaz
- Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq Haider
- Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Department of Nano-sciences and Technology, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Zia Qureshi
- Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Sulaiman
- Department of Nano-sciences and Technology, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Zaneb
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Habib Rehman
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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17
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Skurlova M, Holubova K, Kleteckova L, Kozak T, Kubova H, Horacek J, Vales K. Chemobrain in blood cancers: How chemotherapeutics interfere with the brain's structure and functionality, immune system, and metabolic functions. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:5-22. [PMID: 37265248 DOI: 10.1002/med.21977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment brings about a phenomenon not fully clarified yet, termed chemobrain. Its strong negative impact on patients' well-being makes it a trending topic in current research, interconnecting many disciplines from clinical oncology to neuroscience. Clinical and animal studies have often reported elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in various types of blood cancers. This inflammatory burst could be the background for chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficit in patients with blood cancers. Cancer environment is a dynamic interacting system. The review puts into close relationship the inflammatory dysbalance and oxidative/nitrosative stress with disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB breakdown leads to neuroinflammation, followed by neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. High levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce the progression of cancer resulting in increased mutagenesis, conversion of protooncogenes to oncogenes, and inactivation of tumor suppression genes to trigger cancer cell growth. These cell alterations may change brain functionality, as well as morphology. Multidrug chemotherapy is not without consequences to healthy tissue and could even be toxic. Specific treatment impacts brain function and morphology, functions of the immune system, and metabolism in a unique mixture. In general, a chemo-drug's effects on cognition in cancer are not direct and/or in-direct, usually a combination of effects is more probable. Last but not least, chemotherapy strongly impacts the immune system and could contribute to BBB disruption. This review points out inflammation as a possible mechanism of brain damage during blood cancers and discusses chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Skurlova
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - K Holubova
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - L Kleteckova
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - T Kozak
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Kubova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Horacek
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - K Vales
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
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18
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Ozoani H, Ezejiofor AN, Okolo KO, Orish CN, Cirovic A, Cirovic A, Orisakwe OE. Selenium and zinc alleviate hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metal mixture (cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic) via attenuation of inflammo-oxidant pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:156-171. [PMID: 37676925 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HM) are believed to be injurious to humans. Man is exposed to them on daily basis unknowingly, with no acceptable protocol to manage its deleterious effects. These metals occur as mixture of chemicals with varying concentrations in our atmosphere. There are growing calls for the use of essential metals in mitigating the injurious effects induced by heavy metals exposure to man; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of essential metals (Zinc and Selenium) in a mixture of heavy metal toxicity. In this study, except for negative controls, all other groups were treated with lead (PbCl2 , 20 mg kg-1 ); cadmium (CdCl2 , 1.61 mg kg-1 ); mercury (HgCl2 , 0.40 mg kg-1 ), and arsenic (NaAsO3, 10 mg kg-1 ) that were formed in distilled water. Pb, Cd, As, and Hg were administered as mixtures to 35, 6 weeks old rats weighing between 80 to 100 g for 60 days. Group I served as normal control without treatment, group II positive control received HM mixture, while groups III to V received HMM with Zn, Se, and Zn + Se respectively. Animal and liver weights, HM accumulation in the liver, food intake (FI), water intake (WI), liver function test, malondialdehyde (MDA), and inflammatory/transcription factor/apoptosis markers were checked. Also, antioxidant enzymes, and histological studies were carried out. Metal mixture accumulated in the liver and caused toxicities which were ameliorated by Zn and Se administration. HM caused significant decrease in FI, WI and distorted the level of liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory markers, antioxidants and architecture of the liver. Co administration with Zn or Se or both reversed the distortions. This study lays credence to the evolving research on the public health implications of low dose metal mixtures and the possible ameliorative properties of Zn and Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison Ozoani
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Enugu State, University of Science & Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Anthonet N Ezejiofor
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Kenneth O Okolo
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Enugu State, University of Science & Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Chinna N Orish
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ana Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Orish E Orisakwe
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Toxicology Division, Provictoire Research Institute, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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Bjørklund G, Cruz-Martins N, Goh BH, Mykhailenko O, Lysiuk R, Shanaida M, Lenchyk L, Upyr T, Rusu ME, Pryshlyak A, Shanaida V, Chirumbolo S. Medicinal Plant-derived Phytochemicals in Detoxification. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:988-1015. [PMID: 37559241 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666230809094242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The average worldwide human life expectancy is 70 years, with a significantly higher value in Western societies. Many modern diseases are not associated with premature mortality but with a decreased quality of life in aged patients and an excessive accumulation of various toxic compounds in the human body during life. Today, scientists are especially interested in finding compounds that can help increase a healthy lifespan by detoxifying the body. Phytotherapy with specific approaches is used in alternative medicine to remove toxins from the body. Worldwide, research is conducted to identify medicinal plant-derived molecules that, with few or no side effects, may protect the liver and other organs. This review provides updated information about the detoxification process, the traditional and modern use of the most effective medicinal plants, their active metabolites as detoxifying agents, and the mechanisms and pathways involved in the detoxification process. Among medicinal plants with substantial detoxifying properties, a major part belongs to the Asteraceae family (Silybum marianum, Cynara scolymus, Arctium lappa, Helichrysum species, Inula helenium, and Taraxacum officinale). The most widely used hepatoprotective phytocomponent is silymarin, a standardized extract from the Silybum marianum seeds containing a mixture of flavonolignans. Many polysaccharides, polyphenols, and terpenoids have a detoxifying effect. Overall, scientific data on medicinal plants used in phytotherapeutic practice worldwide provides an understanding and awareness of their efficacy in detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Department of Research, Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Toften 24, Mo i Rana 8610, Norway
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
- TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Victoria, Malaysia
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Olha Mykhailenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Pharmacy of Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Bromatology and Medicinal Chemistry Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Mariia Shanaida
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technologies and Quality of Medicines, Institute for Advanced Training of Pharmacy Specialists, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Upyr
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Marius Emil Rusu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonina Pryshlyak
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Shanaida
- Design of Machine Tools, Instruments and Machines Department, Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
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Santos MD, Barros I, Brandão P, Lacerda L. Amino Acid Profiles in the Biological Fluids and Tumor Tissue of CRC Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:69. [PMID: 38201497 PMCID: PMC10778074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and essential players in pathways such as the citric acid and urea cycle, purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, and redox cell signaling. Therefore, it is unsurprising that these molecules have a significant role in cancer metabolism and its metabolic plasticity. As one of the most prevalent malign diseases, colorectal cancer needs biomarkers for its early detection, prognostic, and prediction of response to therapy. However, the available biomarkers for this disease must be more powerful and present several drawbacks, such as high costs and complex laboratory procedures. Metabolomics has gathered substantial attention in the past two decades as a screening platform to study new metabolites, partly due to the development of techniques, such as mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography, which have become standard practice in diagnostic procedures for other diseases. Extensive metabolomic studies have been performed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in the past years, and several exciting results concerning amino acid metabolism have been found. This review aims to gather and present findings concerning alterations in the amino acid plasma pool of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Domingues Santos
- Colorectal Unit, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4050-651 Porto, Portugal;
- UMIB—Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.B.); (L.L.)
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ivo Barros
- UMIB—Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.B.); (L.L.)
| | - Pedro Brandão
- Colorectal Unit, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4050-651 Porto, Portugal;
- UMIB—Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.B.); (L.L.)
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Lacerda
- UMIB—Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (I.B.); (L.L.)
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Genetic Laboratory Service, Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto de Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4050-651 Porto, Portugal
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21
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Sato F, Sato K, Ono T, Chitose SI, Sato K, Kurita T, Umeno H. Glycolytic Metabolism of the Tissue Stem Cells in the Maculae Flavae of the Human Vocal Fold. J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(23)00374-0. [PMID: 38135596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic programs in the stem cells are essential for maintaining homeostasis and protecting against stem cell aging. There is growing evidence that the tissue stem cells reside in the anterior and posterior maculae flavae of the human vocal fold mucosa. Our previous studies observed that the glycolysis of the cell in the human maculae flavae seems to rely more on anaerobic glycolysis for energy supply in comparison with oxidative phosphorylation. However, previous studies showed only the metabolic enzymes of glycolysis and functional morphology of the mitochondria, therefore, it has not yet been determined whether anaerobic glycolysis actually took place. The purpose of this study is to investigate the glycolytic metabolites of the cells in the maculae flavae of the human vocal fold in vitro. METHODS Four normal human vocal folds were used. After extraction of the anterior maculae flavae, cells in the maculae flavae were cultured and proliferated. Glucose transporter-1 was assessed using immunocytochemistry and metabolites of glycolysis (lactate and NADPH) were measured. RESULTS The cells in the maculae flavae expressed glucose transporter-1 in the cytoplasm and the cell membranes. In addition, the cultured cells produced lactate (metabolites of anaerobic glycolysis) and NADPH (metabolites of the pentose phosphate pathway). CONCLUSIONS The cells in the maculae flavae of the human vocal folds were found to undergo anaerobic glycolysis via the pentose phosphate pathway. This suggests that the cells in the maculae flavae of the human vocal fold have a metabolism that favors the maintenance of stemness and undifferentiated states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Kiminobu Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takeharu Ono
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Chitose
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kiminori Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takashi Kurita
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hirohito Umeno
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Agarwal R, Iezhitsa I. Genetic rodent models of glaucoma in representing disease phenotype and insights into the pathogenesis. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 94:101228. [PMID: 38016252 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Genetic rodent models are widely used in glaucoma related research. With vast amount of information revealed by human studies about genetic correlations with glaucoma, use of these models is relevant and required. In this review, we discuss the glaucoma endophenotypes and importance of their representation in an experimental animal model. Mice and rats are the most popular animal species used as genetic models due to ease of genetic manipulations in these animal species as well as the availability of their genomic information. With technological advances, induction of glaucoma related genetic mutations commonly observed in human is possible to achieve in rodents in a desirable manner. This approach helps to study the pathobiology of the disease process with the background of genetic abnormalities, reveals potential therapeutic targets and gives an opportunity to test newer therapeutic options. Various genetic manipulation leading to appearance of human relevant endophenotypes in rodents indicate their relevance in glaucoma pathology and the utility of these rodent models for exploring various aspects of the disease related to targeted mutation. The molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of glaucoma leading to elevated intraocular pressure and the disease hallmark, apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve degeneration, have been extensively explored in genetic rodent models. In this review, we discuss the consequences of various genetic manipulations based on the primary site of pathology in the anterior or the posterior segment. We discuss how these genetic manipulations produce features in rodents that can be considered a close representation of disease phenotype in human. We also highlight several molecular mechanisms revealed by using genetic rodent models of glaucoma including those involved in increased aqueous outflow resistance, loss of retinal ganglion cells and optic neuropathy. Lastly, we discuss the limitations of the use of genetic rodent models in glaucoma related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Agarwal
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Malaysia.
| | - Igor Iezhitsa
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Malaysia
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23
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Silva FALS, Chang HP, Incorvia JAC, Oliveira MJ, Sarmento B, Santos SG, Magalhães FD, Pinto AM. 2D Nanomaterials and Their Drug Conjugates for Phototherapy and Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy of Cancer and Infections. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2306137. [PMID: 37963826 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) and magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) using 2D nanomaterials (2DnMat) have recently emerged as promising alternative treatments for cancer and bacterial infections, both important global health challenges. The present review intends to provide not only a comprehensive overview, but also an integrative approach of the state-of-the-art knowledge on 2DnMat for PTT and MHT of cancer and infections. High surface area, high extinction coefficient in near-infra-red (NIR) region, responsiveness to external stimuli like magnetic fields, and the endless possibilities of surface functionalization, make 2DnMat ideal platforms for PTT and MHT. Most of these materials are biocompatible with mammalian cells, presenting some cytotoxicity against bacteria. However, each material must be comprehensively characterized physiochemically and biologically, since small variations can have significant biological impact. Highly efficient and selective in vitro and in vivo PTTs for the treatment of cancer and infections are reported, using a wide range of 2DnMat concentrations and incubation times. MHT is described to be more effective against bacterial infections than against cancer therapy. Despite the promising results attained, some challenges remain, such as improving 2DnMat conjugation with drugs, understanding their in vivo biodegradation, and refining the evaluation criteria to measure PTT or MHT effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa A L S Silva
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
| | - Hui-Ping Chang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jean Anne C Incorvia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Maria J Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- IUCS - CESPU, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, Gandra, 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Susana G Santos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
| | - Fernão D Magalhães
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
| | - Artur M Pinto
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, Porto, 4200-180, Portugal
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Bouranis DL, Chorianopoulou SN. Foliar Application of Sulfur-Containing Compounds-Pros and Cons. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3794. [PMID: 38005690 PMCID: PMC10674314 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate is taken up from the soil solution by the root system; and inside the plant, it is assimilated to hydrogen sulfide, which in turn is converted to cysteine. Sulfate is also taken up by the leaves, when foliage is sprayed with solutions containing sulfate fertilizers. Moreover, several other sulfur (S)-containing compounds are provided through foliar application, including the S metabolites hydrogen sulfide, glutathione, cysteine, methionine, S-methylmethionine, and lipoic acid. However, S compounds that are not metabolites, such as thiourea and lignosulfonates, along with dimethyl sulfoxide and S-containing adjuvants, are provided by foliar application-these are the S-containing agrochemicals. In this review, we elaborate on the fate of these compounds after spraying foliage and on the rationale and the efficiency of such foliar applications. The foliar application of S-compounds in various combinations is an emerging area of agricultural usefulness. In the agricultural practice, the S-containing compounds are not applied alone in spray solutions and the need for proper combinations is of prime importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris L. Bouranis
- Plant Physiology and Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
- PlanTerra Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Quality, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani N. Chorianopoulou
- Plant Physiology and Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
- PlanTerra Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Quality, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
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25
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Sawalha S, Abdallah S, Barham A, Badawi H, Barham Z, Ghareeb A, Misia G, Collavini S, Silvestri A, Prato M, Assali M. Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon nanodots from sage leaves for selective anticancer activity on 2D liver cancer cells and 3D multicellular tumor spheroids. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:5974-5982. [PMID: 37881717 PMCID: PMC10597557 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots, a family of carbon-based nanomaterials, have been synthesized through different methods from various resources, affecting the properties of the resulting product and their application. Herein, carbon nanodots (CNDs) were synthesized with a green and simple hydrothermal method from sage leaves at 200 °C for 6 hours. The obtained CNDs are well dispersed in water with a negative surface charge (ζ-potential = -11 mV) and an average particle size of 3.6 nm. The synthesized CNDs showed concentration-dependent anticancer activity toward liver cancer (Hep3B) cell lines and decreased the viability of the cancer cells to 23% at the highest used concentration (250 μg ml-1 of CNDs). More interestingly, the cytotoxicity of the CNDs was tested in normal liver cell lines (LX2) revealed that the CNDs at all tested concentrations didn't affect their viability including at the highest concentration showing a viability of 86.7%. The cellular uptake mechanisms of CNDs were investigated and they are thought to be through energy-dependent endocytosis and also through passive diffusion. The main mechanisms of endocytosis were lipid and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. In addition, the CNDs have hindered the formation of 3D spheroids from the Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Hence, it would be concluded that the synthesized CNDs from sage are more highly selective to liver cancer cells than normal ones. The CNDs' cancer-killing ability would be referred to as the production of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Sawalha
- Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, An-Najah National University P.O. Box 7 Nablus Palestine
| | - Samer Abdallah
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University P.O. Box 7 Nablus Palestine
| | - Amal Barham
- Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, An-Najah National University P.O. Box 7 Nablus Palestine
| | - Hala Badawi
- Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, An-Najah National University P.O. Box 7 Nablus Palestine
| | - Zeina Barham
- Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, An-Najah National University P.O. Box 7 Nablus Palestine
| | - Ahmad Ghareeb
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University P.O. Box 7 Nablus Palestine
| | - Giuseppe Misia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Silvia Collavini
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Donostia-San Sebastián 20014 Spain
| | - Alessandro Silvestri
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice Venezia 30170 Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Donostia-San Sebastián 20014 Spain
| | - Mohyeddin Assali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University P.O. Box 7 Nablus Palestine
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Andino R, Kirkegaard K, Macadam A, Racaniello VR, Rosenfeld AB. The Picornaviridae Family: Knowledge Gaps, Animal Models, Countermeasures, and Prototype Pathogens. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:S427-S445. [PMID: 37849401 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Picornaviruses are nonenveloped particles with a single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity. This virus family includes poliovirus, hepatitis A virus, rhinoviruses, and Coxsackieviruses. Picornaviruses are common human pathogens, and infection can result in a spectrum of serious illnesses, including acute flaccid myelitis, severe respiratory complications, and hand-foot-mouth disease. Despite research on poliovirus establishing many fundamental principles of RNA virus biology and the first transgenic animal model of disease for infection by a human virus, picornaviruses are understudied. Existing knowledge gaps include, identification of molecules required for virus entry, understanding cellular and humoral immune responses elicited during virus infection, and establishment of immune-competent animal models of virus pathogenesis. Such knowledge is necessary for development of pan-picornavirus countermeasures. Defining enterovirus A71 and D68, human rhinovirus C, and echoviruses 29 as prototype pathogens of this virus family may provide insight into picornavirus biology needed to establish public health strategies necessary for pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Andino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Karla Kirkegaard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew Macadam
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent R Racaniello
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy B Rosenfeld
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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27
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Shen H, Nzabanita D, Foord C, Grist S, Nugegoda D. Environmental organic contaminant body burdens and GC-MS based untargeted metabolomics in mediterranean mussels from Port Phillip Bay, Australia ☆. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122245. [PMID: 37487873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Mussels were collected from four coastal sites around Port Phillip Bay, Australia in Mar and Apr 2021). Body burdens of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured and the possible sources of toxicants discussed. In addition, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed using the mantle tissues of mussels. Correlations between the results of contaminant body burdens and metabolic variations were investigated. The results demonstrated that high accumulations of low-molecular-weight PAHs were found in mussels. High body burdens of PCBs and OCPs were only found at mussels from the site close to the river mouth. Some of the metabolic pathways were correlated with the accumulation of PAHs. No correlations were found between PCB and OCP accumulations and metabolic abundances. According to the food and environmental standards of the European Union (EU), the PAH, PCB, and OCP accumulation in mussels in this study are a serious food safety concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, PO box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
| | - Damien Nzabanita
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, PO box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Chantel Foord
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, PO box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Stephen Grist
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, PO box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Dayanthi Nugegoda
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, PO box 71, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
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28
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Xu W, Yang Y, Tian J, Du X, Ye Y, Liu Z, Li Y, Zhao Y. Haloxyfop-P-methyl induces immunotoxicity and glucose metabolism disorders and affects the Nrf2/ARE pathway mediated antioxidant system in Chiromantes dehaani. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122332. [PMID: 37558200 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Haloxyfop-P-methyl is used extensively in agricultural production, and its metabolites in soil have potentially toxic effects on aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we explored the toxicity of haloxyfop-P-methyl on Chiromantes dehaani. The results of the 21-day toxicity test showed that haloxyfop-P-methyl decreased the weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and hepatosomatic index (HSI). In glucose metabolism, haloxyfop-P-methyl reduced pyruvate, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase, but enhanced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and hexokinase. Furthermore, expression of glucose metabolism-related genes was upregulated. We cloned the full-length CdG6PDH gene, which contains a 1587 bp ORF that encoded a 528 amino acid polypeptide. In antioxidant system, haloxyfop-P-methyl increased glutathione, thioredoxin reductase and thioredoxin peroxidase activities and activated the Nrf2/ARE pathway through upregulation of ERK, JNK, PKC and Nrf2. In immunity, low concentrations haloxyfop-P-methyl, or short-term exposure, upregulated the expression of immune-related genes and enhanced immune-related enzymes activity, while high concentrations or long-term exposure inhibited immune function. In summary, haloxyfop-P-methyl inhibited the growth performance, disrupted glucose metabolism, activated the antioxidant system, and led to immunotoxicity. The results deepen our understanding of the toxicity mechanism of haloxyfop-P-methyl and provide basic biological data for the comprehensive assessment of the risk of haloxyfop-P-methyl to the environment and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Xu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jiangtao Tian
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xinglin Du
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yucong Ye
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Kim K, Jung H, Di Giovanna E, Jun TJ, Kim YH. Increased risk of ischemic stroke associated with elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase level in adult cancer survivors: a population-based cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16837. [PMID: 37803039 PMCID: PMC10558526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult cancer survivors may have an increased risk of developing ischemic stroke, potentially influenced by cancer treatment-related factors and shared risk factors with stroke. However, the association between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels and the risk of ischemic stroke in this population remains understudied. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the relationship between GGT levels and the risk of ischemic stroke using a population-based cohort of adult cancer survivors. A population-based cohort of adult cancer survivors was derived from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort between 2003 and 2005 who survived after diagnosis of primary cancer and participated in the biennial national health screening program between 2009 and 2010. Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for sociodemographic factors, health status and behavior, and clinical characteristics was used to investigate the association between GGT level and ischemic stroke in adult cancer survivors. Among 3095 adult cancer survivors, 80 (2.58%) incident cases of ischemic stroke occurred over a mean follow-up of 8.2 years. Compared to the lowest GGT quartile, the hazard ratios (HRs) for ischemic stroke were 1.56 (95% CI 0.75-3.26), 2.36 (95% CI 1.12-4.99), and 2.40 (95% CI 1.05-5.46) for the second, third, and fourth sex-specific quartiles, respectively (Ptrend = 0.013). No significant effect modification was observed by sex, insurance premium, and alcohol consumption. High GGT level is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke in adult cancer survivors independent of sex, insurance premium, and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuwoong Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyun Jung
- The Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Edvige Di Giovanna
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ammerland-Klinik, Westerstede, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Tae Joon Jun
- Big Data Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Hak Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Li J, Cao Y, Zhang X, An M, Liu Y. The Application of Nano-drug Delivery System With Sequential Drug Release Strategies in Cancer Therapy. Am J Clin Oncol 2023; 46:459-473. [PMID: 37533151 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, multidrug combinations are often used clinically to improve the efficacy of oncology chemotherapy, but multidrug combinations often lead to multidrug resistance and decreased performance, resulting in more severe side effects than monotherapy. Therefore, sequential drug release strategies in time and space as well as nano-carriers that respond to the tumor microenvironment have been developed. First, the advantage of the sequential release strategy is that they can load multiple drugs simultaneously to meet their spatiotemporal requirements and stability, thus exerting synergistic effects of two or more drugs. Second, in some cases, sequential drug delivery of different molecular targets can improve the sensitivity of cancer cells to drugs. Control the metabolism of cancer cells, and remodel tumor vasculature. Finally, some drug combinations with built-in release control are used for sequential administration. This paper focuses on the use of nanotechnology and built-in control device to construct drug delivery carriers with different stimulation responses, thus achieving the sequential release of drugs. Therefore, the nano-sequential delivery carrier provides a new idea and platform for the therapeutic effect of various drugs and the synergistic effect among drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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31
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Kotepui M, Kotepui K, Mahittikorn A, Majima HJ, Tangpong J, Yen HC. Association of reduced glutathione levels with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16483. [PMID: 37777547 PMCID: PMC10542361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a crucial antioxidant with recognized roles in malaria pathogenesis and host response. Despite its importance, reports on the association of GSH with malaria are inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the differences in GSH levels in relation to Plasmodium infection. A comprehensive literature search of six electronic databases (Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest) was conducted. Of the 2158 initially identified records, 18 met the eligibility criteria. The majority of studies reported a significant decrease in GSH levels in malaria patients compared with uninfected controls, and this was confirmed by meta-analysis (P < 0.01, Hedges g: - 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 2.48 to - 0.46, I2: 99.12%, 17 studies). Additionally, there was no significant difference in GSH levels between Plasmodium falciparum malaria and P. vivax malaria (P = 0.80, Hedges g: 0.11, 95% CI - 0.76 to 0.98, I2: 93.23%, three studies). Similarly, no significant variation was observed between symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria cases (P = 0.78, Hedges g: 0.06, 95% CI - 0.34 to 0.46, I2: 48.07%, two studies). In conclusion, although GSH levels appear to be generally lower in malaria patients, further detailed studies are necessary to fully elucidate this complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
| | - Kwuntida Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Aongart Mahittikorn
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Hideyuki J Majima
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Jitbanjong Tangpong
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Yen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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32
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Li PL, Huang CH, Mao L, Li J, Sheng ZG, Zhu BZ. An unprecedented free radical mechanism for the formation of DNA adducts by the carcinogenic N-sulfonated metabolite of aristolochic acids. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:332-345. [PMID: 37179032 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The carcinogenicity of aristolochic acids (AAs) has been attributed mainly to the formation of stable DNA-aristolactam (DNA-AL) adducts by its reactive N-sulfonated metabolite N-sulfonatooxyaristolactam (N-OSO3--AL). The most accepted mechanism for such DNA-AL adduct formation is via the postulated but never unequivocally-confirmed aristolactam nitrenium ion. Here we found that both sulfate radical and two ALI-derived radicals (N-centered and C-centered spin isomers) were produced by N-OSO3--ALI, which were detected and unequivocally identified by complementary applications of ESR spin-trapping, HPLC-MS coupled with deuterium-exchange methods. Both the formation of the three radical species and DNA-ALI adducts can be significantly inhibited (up to 90%) by several well-known antioxidants, typical radical scavengers, and spin-trapping agents. Taken together, we propose that N-OSO3--ALI decomposes mainly via a new N-O bond homolysis rather than the previously proposed heterolysis pathway, yielding reactive sulfate and ALI-derived radicals, which are together and in concert responsible for forming DNA-ALI adducts. This study presents strong and direct evidence for the production of free radical intermediates during N-OSO3--ALI decomposition, providing an unprecedented free radical perspective and conceptual breakthrough, which can better explain and understand the molecular mechanism for the formation of DNA-AA adducts, the carcinogenicity of AAs and their potential prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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33
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Wang Y, Ledvina HE, Tower CA, Kambarev S, Liu E, Charity JC, Kreuk LSM, Tang Q, Chen Q, Gallagher LA, Radey MC, Rerolle GF, Li Y, Penewit KM, Turkarslan S, Skerrett SJ, Salipante SJ, Baliga NS, Woodward JJ, Dove SL, Peterson SB, Celli J, Mougous JD. Discovery of a glutathione utilization pathway in Francisella that shows functional divergence between environmental and pathogenic species. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1359-1370.e7. [PMID: 37453420 PMCID: PMC10763578 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is an abundant metabolite within eukaryotic cells that can act as a signal, a nutrient source, or serve in a redox capacity for intracellular bacterial pathogens. For Francisella, GSH is thought to be a critical in vivo source of cysteine; however, the cellular pathways permitting GSH utilization by Francisella differ between strains and have remained poorly understood. Using genetic screening, we discovered a unique pathway for GSH utilization in Francisella. Whereas prior work suggested GSH catabolism initiates in the periplasm, the pathway we define consists of a major facilitator superfamily (MFS) member that transports intact GSH and a previously unrecognized bacterial cytoplasmic enzyme that catalyzes the first step of GSH degradation. Interestingly, we find that the transporter gene for this pathway is pseudogenized in pathogenic Francisella, explaining phenotypic discrepancies in GSH utilization among Francisella spp. and revealing a critical role for GSH in the environmental niche of these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Wang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hannah E Ledvina
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Catherine A Tower
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stanimir Kambarev
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Elizabeth Liu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - James C Charity
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Qing Tang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Qiwen Chen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Larry A Gallagher
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Matthew C Radey
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Guilhem F Rerolle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yaqiao Li
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kelsi M Penewit
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Shawn J Skerrett
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Stephen J Salipante
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Joshua J Woodward
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Simon L Dove
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - S Brook Peterson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jean Celli
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Joseph D Mougous
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Microbial Interactions and Microbiome Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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34
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Larcombe DE, Bohovych IM, Pradhan A, Ma Q, Hickey E, Leaves I, Cameron G, Avelar GM, de Assis LJ, Childers DS, Bain JM, Lagree K, Mitchell AP, Netea MG, Erwig LP, Gow NAR, Brown AJP. Glucose-enhanced oxidative stress resistance-A protective anticipatory response that enhances the fitness of Candida albicans during systemic infection. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011505. [PMID: 37428810 PMCID: PMC10358912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Most microbes have developed responses that protect them against stresses relevant to their niches. Some that inhabit reasonably predictable environments have evolved anticipatory responses that protect against impending stresses that are likely to be encountered in their niches-termed "adaptive prediction". Unlike yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis and Yarrowia lipolytica and other pathogenic Candida species we examined, the major fungal pathogen of humans, Candida albicans, activates an oxidative stress response following exposure to physiological glucose levels before an oxidative stress is even encountered. Why? Using competition assays with isogenic barcoded strains, we show that "glucose-enhanced oxidative stress resistance" phenotype enhances the fitness of C. albicans during neutrophil attack and during systemic infection in mice. This anticipatory response is dependent on glucose signalling rather than glucose metabolism. Our analysis of C. albicans signalling mutants reveals that the phenotype is not dependent on the sugar receptor repressor pathway, but is modulated by the glucose repression pathway and down-regulated by the cyclic AMP-protein kinase A pathway. Changes in catalase or glutathione levels do not correlate with the phenotype, but resistance to hydrogen peroxide is dependent on glucose-enhanced trehalose accumulation. The data suggest that the evolution of this anticipatory response has involved the recruitment of conserved signalling pathways and downstream cellular responses, and that this phenotype protects C. albicans from innate immune killing, thereby promoting the fitness of C. albicans in host niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Larcombe
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Iryna M. Bohovych
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Arnab Pradhan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Qinxi Ma
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Hickey
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Leaves
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Cameron
- Rowett Institute, School of Medicine Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela M. Avelar
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Leandro J. de Assis
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Delma S. Childers
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Judith M. Bain
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Lagree
- Department of Microbiology, Biosciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Aaron P. Mitchell
- Department of Microbiology, Biosciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department for Immunology & Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars P. Erwig
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Johnson-Johnson Innovation, EMEA Innovation Centre, One Chapel Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil A. R. Gow
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair J. P. Brown
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
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35
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Zhang YM, Xu WB, Lin CY, Li BZ, Shu MA. Selenium alleviates biological toxicity of thiamethoxam (TMX): Bioaccumulation of TMX, organ damage, and antioxidant response of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131896. [PMID: 37364439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are important for agricultural development; however, animals involved in rice-fish farming absorb the pesticides used during the farming process. Thiamethoxam (TMX) is extensively used in agriculture and is gradually occupying the market for traditional pesticides. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether selenomethionine (SeMet) could affect the survival rate, bioaccumulation of TMX, serum biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants in the hepatopancreas, and expression of stress genes after exposure of red swamp crayfish to 10 ppt TMX for 7 days. The results showed that the survival rate significantly increased and the bioaccumulation of TMX significantly decreased with SeMet administration (P < 0.05). Furthermore, severe histological damage to the hepatopancreas of red crayfish was observed after exposure to TMX; however, this damage was alleviated after SeMet administration. SeMet also significantly reduced the TMX-induced changes in serum biochemical parameters, malondialdehyde content, and antioxidant enzyme activity in crayfish hepatopancreas (P < 0.05). Notably, analysis of the expression of 10 stress response genes showed that 0.5 mg/kg SeMet might decrease cell damage in the hepatopancreas. Consequently, our findings suggest that higher levels of TMX in crayfish may cause hepatopancreatic cell toxicity, which can be harmful to human health; however, SeMet could mitigate these effects, providing an understanding of pesticide compounds and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wen-Bin Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chen-Yang Lin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bang-Ze Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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36
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Zhang L, Cui H, Liu M, Wang W, Li X, Huang H. The role of multi-low molecular weight organic acids on phenanthrene biodegradation: Insight from cellular characteristics and proteomics. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138406. [PMID: 36925006 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic and ubiquitous pollutants that need to be solved. The low-molecular-weight organic acid (LMWOA) holds the promise to accelerate the capacity of microbes to degrade PAHs. However, the degradation mechanism(s) with multi-LMWOAs has not been understood yet, which is closer to the complex environmental biodegradation in nature. Here, we demonstrated a comprehensive cellular and proteomic response pattern by investigating the relationship between a model PAH degrading strain, B. subtilis ZL09-26, and the mixture LMWOAs (citric acid, glutaric acid, and oxalic acid). As a result, multi-LMWOAs introduced a highly enhanced phenanthrene (PHE) degradation efficiency with up to 3.1-fold improvement at 72 h, which is accompanied by the enhancement of strain growth and activity, but the releasement of membrane damages and oxidative stresses. Moreover, a detailed proteomic analysis revealed that the synergistic perturbation of various metabolic pathways jointly governed the change of cellular behaviors and improved PHE degradation in a network manner. The obtained knowledge provides a foundation for designing the artificial LMWOAs mixtures and guides the rational remediation of contaminated soils using bio-stimulation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Haiyang Cui
- RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, Aachen, 52062, Germany
| | - Mina Liu
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Dongying, 257067, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - He Huang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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37
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ŞENEL E, TÜRK S, MALKAN ÜY, PEKER MÇ, TÜRK C, GÜNER HR, UÇAR G, İZDEŞ S, KAYAASLAN B, BAYHAN Gİ, EMEKSİZ S, HASANOĞLU İ, BEKTAŞ ŞG, BÜTÜN TÜRK Ş, ÖZCAN S, ERTÜRK A, AKDAĞ AG, YILMAZ A, HAZNEDAROĞLU İC. Pathobiological alterations affecting the distinct clinical courses of pediatric versus adult COVID-19 syndrome. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:1194-1204. [PMID: 38813031 PMCID: PMC10763797 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim The clinical presentation of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a milder disease course than the adult COVID-19 syndrome. The disease course of COVID-19 has three clinicobiological phases: initiation, propagation, and complication. This study aimed to assess the pathobiological alterations affecting the distinct clinical courses of COVID-19 in pediatric age groups versus the adult population. We hypothesized that critical biogenomic marker expressions drive the mild clinical presentations of pediatric COVID-19. Materials and methods Blood samples were obtained from 72 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at Ankara City Hospital between March and July 2021. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated using Ficoll-Paque and density-gradient sedimentation. The groups were compared using a t-test and limma analyses. Mean standardized gene expression levels were used to hierarchically cluster genes employing Euclidean Gene Cluster 3.0. The expression levels of identified genes were determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results This study found that ANPEP gene expression was significantly downregulated in the pediatric group (p < 0.05, FC: 1.57) and IGF2R gene expression was significantly upregulated in the adult group (p < 0.05, FC: 2.98). The study results indicated that the expression of critical biogenomic markers, such as the first-phase (ACE2 and ANPEP) and second-phase (EGFR and IGF2R) receptor genes, was crucial in the genesis of mild clinical presentations of pediatric COVID-19. ANPEP gene expression was lower in pediatric COVID-19. Conclusion The interrelationship between the ANPEP and ACE2 genes may prevent the progression of COVID-19 from initiation to the propagating phase in pediatric patients. High IGF2R gene expression could potentially contribute to a protective effect and may be a contributing factor for the mild clinical course observed in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah ŞENEL
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Surgical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Seyhan TÜRK
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Ümit Yavuz MALKAN
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Mustafa Çağrı PEKER
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Can TÜRK
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Hatice Rahmet GÜNER
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Gülberk UÇAR
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Seval İZDEŞ
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Bircan KAYAASLAN
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Gülsüm İclal BAYHAN
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Serhat EMEKSİZ
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - İmran HASANOĞLU
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | | | - Şeyma BÜTÜN TÜRK
- Department of Child Health and Diseases, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Serhan ÖZCAN
- Department of Child Intensive Care Unit, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri,
Turkiye
| | - Ahmet ERTÜRK
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Ahmet Gökhan AKDAĞ
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Ayşegül YILMAZ
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara,
Turkiye
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Abnousian A, Vasquez J, Sasaninia K, Kelley M, Venketaraman V. Glutathione Modulates Efficacious Changes in the Immune Response against Tuberculosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051340. [PMID: 37239011 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant in human cells that is utilized to prevent damage occurred by reactive oxygen species, free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides, and heavy metals. Due to its immunological role in tuberculosis (TB), GSH is hypothesized to play an important part in the immune response against M. tb infection. In fact, one of the hallmark structures of TB is granuloma formation, which involves many types of immune cells. T cells, specifically, are a major component and are involved in the release of cytokines and activation of macrophages. GSH also serves an important function in macrophages, natural killer cells, and T cells in modulating their activation, their metabolism, proper cytokine release, proper redox activity, and free radical levels. For patients with increased susceptibility, such as those with HIV and type 2 diabetes, the demand for higher GSH levels is increased. GSH acts as an important immunomodulatory antioxidant by stabilizing redox activity, shifting of cytokine profile toward Th1 type response, and enhancing T lymphocytes. This review compiles reports showing the benefits of GSH in improving the immune responses against M. tb infection and the use of GSH as an adjunctive therapy for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbi Abnousian
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Joshua Vasquez
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Kayvan Sasaninia
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Melissa Kelley
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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McNabney DWG, Mangal V, Kirkwood AE, Simmons DDB. Phytoplankton metabolite profiles from two Lake Ontario Areas of Concern reveal differences associated with taxonomic community composition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162042. [PMID: 36754333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water quality and phytoplankton community composition are important factors that can indicate freshwater ecosystem health. We combined water quality, phytoplankton community, and metabolomic data from algae and water sampled from two embayments in Lake Ontario, Hamilton Harbour and the Bay of Quinte, over ten weeks from August to October in the year 2020. Metabolomics was performed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) to identify changes in intracellular metabolites within algae communities over time, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) was used to characterize putative isomers of extracellular metabolites at sub-ppb mass accuracy. Results from this study indicate that Hamilton Harbour and the Bay of Quinte are two very different ecosystems with respect to water quality, phytoplankton metabolites, and phytoplankton community composition. Community composition is strongly driven by conductivity and nitrates in Hamilton Harbour, while the opposite is true in the Bay of Quinte. Metabolites including α-aminobutyric acid and glycine were found in larger abundance within algal communities at both locations, while taurine was more predominant in algal communities from the Bay of Quinte. These metabolic profiles could reflect the different communities of phytoplankton, and be alternative indicators of algal bloom growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W G McNabney
- Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St N, Oshawa, Ontario L1G 0C5, Canada
| | - Vaughn Mangal
- Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Andrea E Kirkwood
- Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St N, Oshawa, Ontario L1G 0C5, Canada
| | - Denina D B Simmons
- Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St N, Oshawa, Ontario L1G 0C5, Canada.
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40
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Odachowski M, Neven R, Perversi G, Romano D, Slabber CA, Hadiji M, Honing M, Zhao Y, Munro OQ, Blom B. Ionic mononuclear [Fe] and heterodinuclear [Fe,Ru] bis(diphenylphosphino)alkane complexes: Synthesis, spectroscopy, DFT structures, cytotoxicity, and biomolecular interactions. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 242:112156. [PMID: 36801621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron(II) and Ru(II) half-sandwich compounds encompass some promising pre-clinical anticancer agents whose efficacy may be tuned by structural modification of the coordinated ligands. Here, we combine two such bioactive metal centres in cationic bis(diphenylphosphino)alkane-bridged heterodinuclear [Fe2+, Ru2+] complexes to delineate how ligand structural variations modulate compound cytotoxicity. Specifically, Fe(II) complexes of the type [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(κ1-PPh2(CH2)nPPh2)]{PF6} (n = 1-5), compounds 1-5, and heterodinuclear [Fe2+, Ru2+] complexes, [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(μ-PPh2(CH2)nPPh2))(η6-p-cymene)RuCl2]{PF6} (n = 2-5) (compounds 7-10), were synthesized and characterised. The mononuclear complexes were moderately cytotoxic against two ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and cisplatin resistant A2780cis) with IC50 values ranging from 2.3 ± 0.5 μM to 9.0 ± 1.4 μM. For 7-10, the cytotoxicity increased with increasing Fe⋅⋅⋅Ru distance, consistent with their DNA affinity. UV-visible spectroscopy suggested the chloride ligands in heterodinuclear 8-10 undergo stepwise substitution by water on the timescale of the DNA interaction experiments, probably affording the species [RuCl(OH2)(η6-p-cymene)(PRPh2)]2+ and [Ru(OH)(OH2)(η6-p-cymene)(PRPh2)]2+ (where PRPh2 has R = [-(CH2)5PPh2-Fe(C5H5)(CO)2]+). One interpretation of the combined DNA-interaction and kinetic data is that the mono(aqua) complex may interact with dsDNA through nucleobase coordination. Heterodinuclear 10 reacts with glutathione (GSH) to form stable mono- and bis(thiolate) adducts, 10-SG and 10-SG2, with no evidence of metal ion reduction (k1 = 1.07 ± 0.17 × 10-1 min-1 and k2 = 6.04 ± 0.59 × 10-3 min-1 at 37 °C). This work highlights the synergistic effect of the Fe2+/Ru2+ centres on both the cytotoxicity and biomolecular interactions of the present heterodinuclear complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matylda Odachowski
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Neven
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giuditta Perversi
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dario Romano
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cathryn A Slabber
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO WITS 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mouna Hadiji
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maarten Honing
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuandi Zhao
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Orde Q Munro
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO WITS 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Burgert Blom
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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41
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Musa M, Zeppieri M, Atuanya GN, Enaholo ES, Topah EK, Ojo OM, Salati C. Nutritional Factors: Benefits in Glaucoma and Ophthalmologic Pathologies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051120. [PMID: 37240765 DOI: 10.3390/life13051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy that can lead to irreversible functional and morphological damage if left untreated. The gold standard therapeutic approaches in managing patients with glaucoma and limiting progression include local drops, laser, and/or surgery, which are all geared at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Nutrients, antioxidants, vitamins, organic compounds, and micronutrients have been gaining increasing interest in the past decade as integrative IOP-independent strategies to delay or halt glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell degeneration. In our minireview, we examine the various nutrients and compounds proposed in the current literature for the management of ophthalmology diseases, especially for glaucoma. With respect to each substance considered, this minireview reports the molecular and biological characteristics, neuroprotective activities, antioxidant properties, beneficial mechanisms, and clinical studies published in the past decade in the field of general medicine. This study highlights the potential benefits of these substances in glaucoma and other ophthalmologic pathologies. Nutritional supplementation can thus be useful as integrative IOP-independent strategies in the management of glaucoma and in other ophthalmologic pathologies. Large multicenter clinical trials based on functional and morphologic data collected over long follow-up periods in patients with IOP-independent treatments can pave the way for alternative and/or coadjutant therapeutic options in the management of glaucoma and other ocular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Efioshiomoshi Kings Topah
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University, Kano 700006, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwasola Michael Ojo
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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42
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Allegra A, Murdaca G, Mirabile G, Gangemi S. Redox Signaling Modulates Activity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051325. [PMID: 37238995 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although immunotherapy is already a staple of cancer care, many patients may not benefit from these cutting-edge treatments. A crucial field of research now focuses on figuring out how to improve treatment efficacy and assess the resistance mechanisms underlying this uneven response. For a good response, immune-based treatments, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors, rely on a strong infiltration of T cells into the tumour microenvironment. The severe metabolic environment that immune cells must endure can drastically reduce effector activity. These immune dysregulation-related tumour-mediated perturbations include oxidative stress, which can encourage lipid peroxidation, ER stress, and T regulatory cells dysfunction. In this review, we have made an effort to characterize the status of immunological checkpoints, the degree of oxidative stress, and the part that latter plays in determining the therapeutic impact of immunological check point inhibitors in different neoplastic diseases. In the second section of the review, we will make an effort to assess new therapeutic possibilities that, by affecting redox signalling, may modify the effectiveness of immunological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, n. 6, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mirabile
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Heynen JP, McHugh RR, Boora NS, Simcock G, Kildea S, Austin MP, Laplante DP, King S, Montina T, Metz GAS. Urinary 1H NMR Metabolomic Analysis of Prenatal Maternal Stress Due to a Natural Disaster Reveals Metabolic Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases: The QF2011 Queensland Flood Study. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040579. [PMID: 37110237 PMCID: PMC10145263 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal stress alters fetal programming, potentially predisposing the ensuing offspring to long-term adverse health outcomes. To gain insight into environmental influences on fetal development, this QF2011 study evaluated the urinary metabolomes of 4-year-old children (n = 89) who were exposed to the 2011 Queensland flood in utero. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze urinary metabolic fingerprints based on maternal levels of objective hardship and subjective distress resulting from the natural disaster. In both males and females, differences were observed between high and low levels of maternal objective hardship and maternal subjective distress groups. Greater prenatal stress exposure was associated with alterations in metabolites associated with protein synthesis, energy metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. These alterations suggest profound changes in oxidative and antioxidative pathways that may indicate a higher risk for chronic non-communicable diseases such obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes, as well as mental illnesses, including depression and schizophrenia. Thus, prenatal stress-associated metabolic biomarkers may provide early predictors of lifetime health trajectories, and potentially serve as prognostic markers for therapeutic strategies in mitigating adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Heynen
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Rebecca R McHugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Naveenjyote S Boora
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Simcock
- Midwifery Research Unit, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sue Kildea
- Midwifery Research Unit, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Alice Springs, NT 0870, Australia
| | - Marie-Paule Austin
- Perinatal and Woman's Health Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David P Laplante
- Centre for Child Development and Mental Health, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 4335 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1E4, Canada
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Tony Montina
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Gerlinde A S Metz
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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Cornwell A, Badiei A. From Gasotransmitter to Immunomodulator: The Emerging Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Macrophage Biology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040935. [PMID: 37107310 PMCID: PMC10135606 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been increasingly recognized as a crucial inflammatory mediator in immune cells, particularly macrophages, due to its direct and indirect effects on cellular signaling, redox homeostasis, and energy metabolism. The intricate regulation of endogenous H2S production and metabolism involves the coordination of transsulfuration pathway (TSP) enzymes and sulfide oxidizing enzymes, with TSP's role at the intersection of the methionine pathway and glutathione synthesis reactions. Additionally, H2S oxidation mediated by sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) in mammalian cells may partially control cellular concentrations of this gasotransmitter to induce signaling. H2S is hypothesized to signal through the posttranslational modification known as persulfidation, with recent research highlighting the significance of reactive polysulfides, a derivative of sulfide metabolism. Overall, sulfides have been identified as having promising therapeutic potential to alleviate proinflammatory macrophage phenotypes, which are linked to the exacerbation of disease outcomes in various inflammatory conditions. H2S is now acknowledged to have a significant influence on cellular energy metabolism by affecting the redox environment, gene expression, and transcription factor activity, resulting in changes to both mitochondrial and cytosolic energy metabolism processes. This review covers recent discoveries pertaining to the involvement of H2S in macrophage cellular energy metabolism and redox regulation, and the potential implications for the inflammatory response of these cells in the broader framework of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cornwell
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Alireza Badiei
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
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Mpagama SG, Mvungi HC, Mbelele PM, Semvua HH, Liyoyo AA, de Guex KP, Sloan D, Kibiki GS, Boeree M, Phillips PPJ, Heysell SK. Protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of N-acetylcysteine in reducing adverse drug reactions among adults treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Tanzania. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:55. [PMID: 37005695 PMCID: PMC10066962 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) frequently occur in patients using second-line anti-tuberculosis medicine for treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). ADRs contribute to treatment interruptions which can compromise treatment response and risk acquired drug resistance to critical newer drugs such as bedaquiline, while severe ADRs carry considerable morbidity and mortality. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has shown promise in reducing ADRs for medications related to TB in case series or randomized controlled trials in other medical conditions, yet evidence is lacking in MDR-TB patients. TB endemic settings have limited capacity to conduct clinical trials. We designed a proof-of-concept clinical trial primarily to explore the preliminary evidence on the protective effect of NAC among people treated for MDR-TB with second-line anti-TB medications. METHODS This is a proof-of-concept randomized open label clinical trial with 3 treatment arms including a control arm, an interventional arm of NAC 900 mg daily, and an interventional arm of NAC 900 mg twice-daily administered during the intensive phase of MDR-TB treatment. Patients initiating MDR-TB treatment will be enrolled at Kibong'oto National Center of Excellence for MDR-TB in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania. The minimum anticipated sample size is 66; with 22 participants in each arm. ADR monitoring will be performed at baseline and daily follow-up over 24 weeks including blood and urine specimen collection for hepatic and renal function and electrolyte abnormalities, and electrocardiogram. Sputum will be collected at baseline and monthly thereafter and cultured for mycobacteria as well as assayed for other molecular targets of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Adverse drug events will be analysed over time using mixed effect models. Mean differences between arms in change of the ADRs from baseline (with 95% confidence intervals) will be derived from the fitted model. DISCUSSION Given that NAC promotes synthesis of glutathione, an intracellular antioxidant that combats the impact of oxidative stress, it may protect against medication induced oxidative damage in organs such as liver, pancreas, kidney, and cells of the immune system. This randomized controlled trial will determine if NAC leads to fewer ADRs, and if this protection is dose dependent. Fewer ADRs among patients treated with MDR-TB may significantly improve treatment outcomes for multidrug regimens that necessitate prolonged treatment durations. Conduct of this trial will set the needed infrastructure for clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION PACTR202007736854169 Registered 03 July 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stellah G Mpagama
- Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital-Sanya Juu Siha/Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Mae Street, Lomakaa Road, Siha Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.
| | - Happiness C Mvungi
- Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital-Sanya Juu Siha/Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Mae Street, Lomakaa Road, Siha Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Peter M Mbelele
- Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital-Sanya Juu Siha/Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Mae Street, Lomakaa Road, Siha Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
- Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Hadija H Semvua
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Alphonce A Liyoyo
- Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital-Sanya Juu Siha/Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Mae Street, Lomakaa Road, Siha Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Kristen Petros de Guex
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | | | | | - Martin Boeree
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick P J Phillips
- UCSF Center for Tuberculosis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Scott K Heysell
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
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46
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Kluivers KB, Lince SL, Ruiz-Zapata AM, Post WM, Cartwright R, Kerkhof MH, Widomska J, De Witte W, Pecanka J, Kiemeney LA, Vermeulen SH, Goeman JJ, Allen-Brady K, Oosterwijk E, Poelmans G. Molecular Landscape of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Provides Insights into Disease Etiology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076087. [PMID: 37047060 PMCID: PMC10094264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) represents a major health care burden in women, but its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have not been elucidated. We first used a case-control design to perform an exome chip study in 526 women with POP and 960 control women to identify single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with the disease. We then integrated the functional interactions between the POP candidate proteins derived from the exome chip study and other POP candidate molecules into a molecular landscape. We found significant associations between POP and SNVs in 54 genes. The proteins encoded by 26 of these genes fit into the molecular landscape, together with 43 other POP candidate molecules. The POP landscape is located in and around epithelial cells and fibroblasts of the urogenital tract and harbors four interacting biological processes-epithelial-mesenchymal transition, immune response, modulation of the extracellular matrix, and fibroblast function-that are regulated by sex hormones and TGFB1. Our findings were corroborated by enrichment analyses of differential gene expression data from an independent POP cohort. Lastly, based on the landscape and using vaginal fibroblasts from women with POP, we predicted and showed that metformin alters gene expression in these fibroblasts in a beneficial direction. In conclusion, our integrated molecular landscape of POP provides insights into the biological processes underlying the disease and clues towards novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten B Kluivers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina L Lince
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandra M Ruiz-Zapata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilke M Post
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rufus Cartwright
- Department of Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Manon H Kerkhof
- Department of Gynaecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Curilion Women's Health Clinic, 2015 BJ Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna Widomska
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ward De Witte
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jakub Pecanka
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle J Goeman
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Allen-Brady
- Department of Internal Medicine, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Egbert Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Poelmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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47
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Tan M, Zhang X, Sun S, Cui G. Nanostructured steady-state nanocarriers for nutrients preservation and delivery. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 106:31-93. [PMID: 37722776 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Food bioactives possess specific physiological benefits of preventing certain diet-related chronic diseases or maintain human health. However, the limitations of the bioactives are their poor stability, lower water solubility and unacceptable bioaccessibility. Structure damage or degradation is often found for the bioactives under certain environmental conditions like high temperature, strong light, extreme pH or high oxygen concentration during food processing, packaging, storage and absorption. Nanostructured steady-state nanocarriers have shown great potential in overcoming the drawbacks for food bioactives. Various delivery systems including solid form delivery system, liquid form delivery system and encapsulation technology have been developed. The embedded food nutrients can largely decrease the loss and degradation during food processing, packaging and storage. The design and application of stimulus and targeted delivery systems can improve the stability, bioavailability and efficacy of the food bioactives upon oral consumption due to enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. The food nutrients encapsulated in the smart delivery system can be well protected against degradation during oral administration, thus improving the bioavailability and releazing controlled or targeted release for food nutrients. The encapsulated food bioactives show great potential in nutrition therapy for sub-health status and disease. Much effort is required to design and prepare more biocompatible nanostructured steady-state nanocarriers using food-grade protein or polysaccharides as wall materials, which can be used in food industry and maintain the human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China.
| | - Xuedi Zhang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Shan Sun
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Guoxin Cui
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
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48
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Oh SH, Lee SE, Han DH, Yoon JW, Kim SH, Lim ES, Lee HB, Kim EY, Park SP. Treatments of Porcine Nuclear Recipient Oocytes and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Generated Embryos with Various Reactive Oxygen Species Scavengers Lead to Improvements of Their Quality Parameters and Developmental Competences by Mitigating Oxidative Stress-Related Impacts. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:73-81. [PMID: 36939858 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant effects of β-cryptoxanthin (BCX), hesperetin (HES), and icariin (ICA), and their effects on in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Treatment with 1 μM BCX (BCX-1) increased the developmental rate of porcine oocytes more than treatment with 100 μM HES (HES-100) or 5 μM ICA (ICA-5). The glutathione level and mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (NFE2L2, SOD1, and SOD2) were more increased in the BCX-1 group than in the HES-100 and ICA-5 groups, while the reactive oxygen species level was more decreased. Moreover, BCX improved the developmental capacity and quality of SCNT embryos. The total cell number, apoptotic cell rate, and development-related gene expression were modulated in the BCX-1 group to enhance embryonic development of SCNT. These results show that the antioxidant effects of BCX enhance in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development of SCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hwan Oh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Han
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Yoon
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Eun-Seo Lim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Han-Bi Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Pill Park
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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49
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Ding Y, Xiao Z, Chen F, Yue L, Wang C, Fan N, Ji H, Wang Z. A mesoporous silica nanocarrier pesticide delivery system for loading acetamiprid: Effectively manage aphids and reduce plant pesticide residue. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160900. [PMID: 36526192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional nanomaterials-based agrochemical delivery system could supply a powerful tool for the efficient use of pesticides. Redox-responsive carriers as novel delivery systems of pesticide application in agriculture could promote the pest control and reduce plant pesticide residues due to the controllable release of agrochemicals. Herein, neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid (Ace) was encapsulated with decanethiol in a mesoporous silica nanocarrier pesticide delivery system for a nanopesticide Ace@MSN-SS-C10. The Ace@MSN-SS-C10 had redox-responsive sustained release behavior triggered by glutathione (GSH). Moreover, the Ace@MSN-SS-C10 possessed excellent wettability, adhesion performance, stability, and biosafety. Greenhouse experiments showed that foliar spraying 1.5 mg Ace@MSN-SS-C10 per plant reduced the populations of adult and juvenile aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch) on Vicia faba L. after 5 days of aphid infestation by 98.7 % and 99.3 %, respectively. Notably, the leaf final Ace residue (0.32 ± 0.004 mg/kg) of Ace@MSN-SS-C10 application at the dose of 1.5 mg/plant after 5 days of aphid infestation was lower than the international Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) maximum residue limits (0.4 mg·kg-1) or much lower (24.87-folds decrease) than those treated with conventional Ace (40 % acetamiprid water dispersible granule). Altogether, this GSH-dependent redox-responsive delivery system for loading acetamiprid can develop as an efficient and environmentally-friendly nanopesticide to control aphids in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenggao Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ningke Fan
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haihua Ji
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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50
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Gudeta K, Kumar V, Bhagat A, Julka JM, Bhat SA, Ameen F, Qadri H, Singh S, Amarowicz R. Ecological adaptation of earthworms for coping with plant polyphenols, heavy metals, and microplastics in the soil: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14572. [PMID: 36994405 PMCID: PMC10040515 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, soil pollution by massive accumulation of heavy metals (HMs), microplastics, and refractory hydrocarbon chemicals has become an emerging and global concern, drawing worldwide attention. These pollutants influence soil diversity by hindering the reproduction, abundance, thereby affecting aboveground productivity. The scientific community has recently emphasized the contribution of earthworms to heavy metal accumulation, microplastic degradation, and the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, which helps maintain the soil structure. This review paper aimed to compile scientific facts on how earthworms cope with the effect of HMs, microplastics, and plant polyphenols so that vermiremediation could be widely applied for well-being of the soil ecosystem by environmentalists. Earthworms have special surface-active metabolites in their guts called drilodefensins that help them defend themselves against the oxidative action of plant polyphenols. They also combat the effects of toxic microplastics, and other oxidative compounds by elevating the antioxidant activities of their enzymes and converting them into harmless compounds or useful nutrients. Moreover, earthworms also act as biofilters, bioindicators, bioaccumulators, and transformers of oxidative polyphenols, microplastics, toxic HMs, and other pollutant hydrocarbons. Microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) in earthworms' gut of also assist in the fixation, accumulation, and transformation of these toxicants to prevent their effects. As a potential organism for application in ecotoxicology, it is recommended to propagate earthworms in agricultural fields; isolate, and culture enormously in industry, and inoculate earthworms in the polluted soil, thereby abate toxicity and minimizing the health effect caused by these pollutants as well enhance the productivity of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasahun Gudeta
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Adama Science and Technology University, Department of Applied Biology, P.O. Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankeet Bhagat
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Jatinder Mohan Julka
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaira Qadri
- Department of Environmental Sciences, J&K Higher Education Department, Govt. Degree College, Baramulla, 193101, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sumit Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland
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