1
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Leung G, McKinney MA, Yaylayan V, Bayen S. Abiotic degradations of legacy and novel flame retardants in environmental and food matrices - a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024; 41:811-832. [PMID: 38805263 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2354496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Flame retardants (FRs) are commonly added to commercial products to achieve flammability resistance. Since most of them are not chemically bonded to the materials, they could be leached to the environment during the production and disposal cycle. These FRs were categorised based on their chemical nature, including brominated, organophosphorus-, mineral- and nitrogen-based. This review summarised the abiotic degradation reactions of these four classes of FRs, with a focus on thermal and photodegradation reactions in environmental and food matrices. Only 24 papers have reported related information on abiotic degradation reactions that could be useful for predicting possible degradation pathways, and most focused on brominated FRs. Most studies also investigated the thermal degradation of FRs under high temperatures (>400 °C), which exceeds the normal cooking temperature at 100-300 °C. For photodegradation, studies have used up to five times the energy typically used in UV radiation during food processing. It is recommended that future studies investigate the fate of these FRs in foods under more realistic processing conditions, to provide a more comprehensive picture of the estimated consumption of FRs and their degradation products from foods, and facilitate a better risk assessment of the use of these novel FRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Leung
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Melissa A McKinney
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Varoujan Yaylayan
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada
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2
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Onat İ, Kocagöz R, Öz MD, Yeniay L, Tiftikçioğlu YÖ, Zekioğlu O, Serin G, Özdemir M, Gür E, Süzen HS, Orhan H. Blood and tissue levels of persistent organic pollutants and genetic susceptibility in patients with breast cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104433. [PMID: 38583790 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
We investigated possible associations between the internal concentrations of POPs and correlations between blood and tumor tissue concentrations in patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer and breast reduction as controls. Genetic variations in CYP1A1, GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 and hOGG1 were evaluated to determine whether they represent risk factors for breast cancer. Certain POPs have been found to be associated with breast cancer development. GST-P1 polymorphism represented a significant risk for breast cancer with unadjusted OR. However, the GSTT1 null polymorphism represented a significant risk for breast cancer when OR adjusted for age and smoking status. CYP1A1 polymorphism was a significant risk factor for breast cancer, regardless of whether the OR was adjusted. These results suggest that exposure to certain POPs, GSTT1 and CYP1A1 polymorphisms, age, and smoking status are risk factors for breast cancer. In addition, the blood concentrations of some POPs represent surrogates for breast tissue concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlgen Onat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova-İzmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Rasih Kocagöz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova-İzmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Merve Demirbügen Öz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandoğan, Ankara 06350, Turkey
| | | | | | - Osman Zekioğlu
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova-İzmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Gürdeniz Serin
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova-İzmir 35040, Turkey
| | | | - Ersin Gür
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Turkey
| | - Halit Sinan Süzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandoğan, Ankara 06350, Turkey
| | - Hilmi Orhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova-İzmir 35040, Turkey; İzmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (İBG-İzmir), Balcova-İzmir 35340, Turkey.
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3
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Iwegbue CMA, Oshenyen EV, Peretiemo-Clarke BO, Olisah C, Nwajei GE, Martincigh BS. Polybrominated diphenyl ether contamination in sediments from rivers in the western Niger Delta of Nigeria. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116040. [PMID: 38569301 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the concentrations of 39 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners in sediments from three rivers in the western Niger Delta of Nigeria that have been affected by pollution from urbanization and industrial activities. The Σ39 PBDE concentrations in sediments from these rivers ranged from 0.29 to 95.5, 5.15 to 121, and 0.73 to 66.1 ng g-1 for the Afiesere (AR), Edor (ER), and Okpare Rivers (OR), respectively. The homologue distribution patterns indicated the prominence of tetra- and penta-BDE congeners in sediments from these rivers. The ecological risk assessment results showed that the penta-BDEs were the primary source of risk to sediment-dwelling organisms in these rivers. However, the human health risk assessment indicated negligible risks for exposure of both adults and children to PBDEs in these sediments. The source apportionment suggests that the PBDE contamination in these river sediments was derived from long-distance migration, debromination of highly brominated congeners, and commercial penta-BDEs. These results reflect the use of penta-BDE formulations in this region rather than octa- and deca-BDE formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chijioke Olisah
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/753, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Godwin E Nwajei
- Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Bice S Martincigh
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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4
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Qadeer A, Mubeen S, Liu M, Bekele TG, Ohoro CR, Adeniji AO, Alraih AM, Ajmal Z, Alshammari AS, Al-Hadeethi Y, Archundia D, Yuan S, Jiang X, Wang S, Li X, Sauvé S. Global environmental and toxicological impacts of polybrominated diphenyl ethers versus organophosphate esters: A comparative analysis and regrettable substitution dilemma. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133543. [PMID: 38262318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the global environment is increasing, which aligns with the decline in the usage of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PBDEs, a category of flame retardants, were banned and classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) through the Stockholm Convention due to their toxic and persistent properties. Despite a lack of comprehensive understanding of their ecological and health consequences, OPEs were adopted as replacements for PBDEs. This research aims to offer a comparative assessment of PBDEs and OPEs in various domains, specifically focusing on their persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity (PBT) properties. This study explored physicochemical properties (such as molecular weight, octanol-water partition coefficient, octanol-air partition coefficient, Henry's law constant, and vapor pressures), environmental behaviors, global concentrations in environmental matrices (air, water, and soil), toxicities, bioaccumulation, and trophic transfer mechanisms of both groups of compounds. Based on the comparison and analysis of environmental and toxicological data, we evaluate whether OPEs represent another instance of regrettable substitution and global contamination as much as PBDEs. Our findings indicate that the physical and chemical characteristics, environmental behaviors, and global concentrations of PBDEs and OPEs, are similar and overlap in many instances. Notably, OPE concentrations have even surged by orders of several magnitude compared to PBDEs in certain pristine regions like the Arctic and Antarctic, implying long-range transport. In many instances, air and water concentrations of OPEs have been increased than PBDEs. While the bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of PBDEs (ranging from 4.8 to 7.5) are slightly elevated compared to OPEs (-0.5 to 5.36) in aquatic environments, both groups of compounds exhibit BAF values beyond the threshold of 5000 L/kg (log10 BAF > 3.7). Similarly, the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) for PBDEs (ranging from 0.39 to 4.44) slightly surpass those for OPEs (ranging from 1.06 to 3.5) in all cases. Metabolic biotransformation rates (LogKM) and hydrophobicity are potentially major factors deciding their trophic magnification potential. However, many compounds of PBDEs and OPEs show TMF values higher than 1, indicating biomagnification potential. Collectively, all data suggest that PBDEs and OPEs have the potential to bioaccumulate and transfer through the food chain. OPEs and PBDEs present a myriad of toxicity endpoints, with notable overlaps encompassing reproductive issues, oxidative stress, developmental defects, liver dysfunction, DNA damage, neurological toxicity, reproductive anomalies, carcinogenic effects, and behavior changes. Based on our investigation and comparative analysis, we conclude that substituting PBDEs with OPEs is regrettable based on PBT properties, underscoring the urgency for policy reforms and effective management strategies. Addressing this predicament before an exacerbation of global contamination is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadeer
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Sidra Mubeen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, China; Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Superior University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mengyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Tadiyose Girma Bekele
- Department of Biology, Eastern Nazarene College, 23 East Elm Avenue, Quincy, MA 02170, USA
| | - Chinemerem R Ohoro
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North, West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Abiodun O Adeniji
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Lesotho, Lesotho
| | - Alhafez M Alraih
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Mohail Aseer, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeeshan Ajmal
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ahmad S Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yas Al-Hadeethi
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denisse Archundia
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, CDMX, México 04510, Mexico
| | - Shengwu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Xixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Campus MIL, 1375 Av. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal H2V 0B3, QC, Canada
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Wang K, Wang G, Zhou L, Zeng Y, Zhang Y, Fang Z. Rapid removal of decabromodiphenyl ether by mechanochemically prepared submicron zero-valent iron with FeC 2O 4·2 H 2O layers: Kinetics, mechanisms and pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133309. [PMID: 38185080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) in polybrominated diphenyl ethers remediation has been studied extensively. However, challenges in balancing cost and reactivity have been encountered. A submicron zero-valent iron coated with FeC2O4·2 H2O layers (OX-smZVI) was synthesized via a mechanochemical method, aiming to resolve this contradiction. Characterization via SEM, TEM, and XPS confirmed the structure as FeC2O4·2 H2O coated iron lamellate with a surface area 24-fold higher than ball-milled zero-valent iron (smZVI). XRD highlighted an Fe/C eutectic in OX-smZVI, boosting its electron transfer capacity. Decabromodiphenyl ether degradation by OX-smZVI follows a two-stage process, with initial degradation by FeC2O4·2 H2O and a subsequent phase dominated by electron transfer. OX-smZVI exhibits a 4.52-34.40 times faster BDE209 removal rate than nZVI and scaled-up OX-smZVI displayed superior reactivity with preparation costs only 1/680 of nZVI. Given its enhanced reactivity and cost-efficiency, OX-smZVI emerges as a promising replacement for nZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Wang
- College of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Province Environmental Remediation Industry Technology Innovation Alliance, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Long Zhou
- College of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Province Environmental Remediation Industry Technology Innovation Alliance, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- College of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- College of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Province Environmental Remediation Industry Technology Innovation Alliance, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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6
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Sun Y, Xu Y, Wu H, Hou J. A critical review on BDE-209: Source, distribution, influencing factors, toxicity, and degradation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108410. [PMID: 38160509 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
As the most widely used polybrominated diphenyl ether, BDE-209 is commonly used in polymer-based commercial and household products. Due to its unique physicochemical properties, BDE-209 is ubiquitous in a variety of environmental compartments and can be exposed to organisms in various ways and cause toxic effects. The present review outlines the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of BDE-209 in the environment, influencing factors, toxicity, and degradation. BDE-209 has been detected in various environmental matrices including air, soil, water, and sediment. Additionally, environmental factors such as organic matter, total suspended particulate, hydrodynamic, wind, and temperature affecting BDE-209 are specifically discussed. Toxicity studies suggest BDE-209 may cause systemic toxic effects on living organisms, reproductive toxicity, embryo-fetal toxicity, genetic toxicity, endocrine toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and developmental toxicity, or even be carcinogenic. BDE-209 has toxic effects on organisms mainly through epigenetic regulation and induction of oxidative stress. Evidence regarding the degradation of BDE-209, including biodegradation, photodegradation, Fenton degradation, zero-valent iron degradation, chemical oxidative degradation, and microwave radiation degradation is summarized. This review may contribute to assessing the environmental risks of BDE-209 to help develop rational management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiong Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanli Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Haodi Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jing Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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7
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Vidal LG, De Oliveira-Ferreira N, Torres JPM, Azevedo AF, Meirelles ACO, Flach L, Domit C, Fragoso ABL, Lima Silva FJ, Carvalho VL, Marcondes M, Barbosa LA, Cremer MJ, Malm O, Lailson-Brito J, Eljarrat E. Brominated flame retardants and natural organobrominated compounds in a vulnerable delphinid species along the Brazilian coast. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167704. [PMID: 37820801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Guiana dolphins, Sotalia guianensis, are vulnerable to extinction along their distribution on the Brazilian coast and assessing chemical pollution is of utmost importance for their conservation. For this study, 51 carcasses of Guiana dolphins were sampled across the Brazilian coast to investigate legacy and emerging brominated flame retardants (BFRs) as well as the naturally-produced MeO-BDEs. PBDEs and MeO-BDEs were detected in all samples analyzed, whereas emerging BFRs were detected in 16 % of the samples, all in Rio de Janeiro state. PBDE concentrations varied between 2.24 and 799 ng.g-1 lipid weight (lw), emerging BFRs between 0.12 and 1.51 ng.g-1 lw and MeO-BDEs between 3.82 and 10,247 ng.g-1 lw. Concentrations of legacy and emerging BFRs and natural compounds varied considerably according to the sampling site and reflected both the local anthropogenic impact of the region and the diversity/mass of biosynthesizers. The PBDE concentrations are lower than what was found for delphinids in the Northern Hemisphere around the same sampling period and most sampling sites presented mean concentrations lower than the limits for endocrine disruption known to date for marine mammals of 460 ng.g-1 lw, except for sampled from Santa Catarina state, in Southern Brazil. Conversely, MeO-BDE concentrations are higher than those of the Northern Hemisphere, particularly close to the Abrolhos Bans and Royal Charlotte formation, that are hotspots for biodiversity. Despite the elevated concentrations reported for this group, there is not much information regarding the effects of such elevated concentrations for these marine mammals. The distinct patterns observed along the Brazilian coast show that organobrominated compounds can be used to identify the ecological segregation of delphinids and that conservation actions should be planned considering the local threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara G Vidal
- Aquatic Mammal and Bioindicator Laboratory Professora Izabel Gurgel (MAQUA), School of Oceanography, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/ 4002-E, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Radioisotope Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca (LREPF), Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil; Pós-graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil; Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nara De Oliveira-Ferreira
- Aquatic Mammal and Bioindicator Laboratory Professora Izabel Gurgel (MAQUA), School of Oceanography, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/ 4002-E, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Paulo M Torres
- Radioisotope Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca (LREPF), Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Alexandre F Azevedo
- Aquatic Mammal and Bioindicator Laboratory Professora Izabel Gurgel (MAQUA), School of Oceanography, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/ 4002-E, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina O Meirelles
- Marine Mammal Conservation Program, Associação de Pesquisa e Preservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos, Caucaia, Ceará, Brazil; Tropical Marine Sciences Graduate Program, Marine Sciences Institute, Ceará Federal University, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Flach
- Instituto Boto Cinza, Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro 23860-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Domit
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Bernadete L Fragoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Naturais/Projeto Cetáceos da Costa Branca-Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN)/Projeto Golfinho Rotador, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Flávio J Lima Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Naturais/Projeto Cetáceos da Costa Branca-Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN)/Projeto Golfinho Rotador, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Vítor Luz Carvalho
- Associação de Pesquisa e Preservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos (AQUASIS), Caucaia, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Lupércio A Barbosa
- Environmental Awareness Organization (ORCA), Rua São Paulo, 23, Praia da Costa, Vila Velha, ES 29101-315, Brazil
| | - Marta J Cremer
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory for Marine and Coastal Tetrapods, University of Joinville Region (UNIVILLE), São Francisco do Sul, Rod. Duque de Caxias, 6365, Iperoba, São Francisco do Sul 89240-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Olaf Malm
- Radioisotope Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca (LREPF), Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - José Lailson-Brito
- Aquatic Mammal and Bioindicator Laboratory Professora Izabel Gurgel (MAQUA), School of Oceanography, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/ 4002-E, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Environmental and Water Chemistry for Human Health, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
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8
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Pereira AR, Simões M, Gomes IB. Parabens as environmental contaminants of aquatic systems affecting water quality and microbial dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167332. [PMID: 37758132 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Among different pollutants of emerging concern, parabens have gained rising interest due to their widespread detection in water sources worldwide. This occurs because parabens are used in personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and food, in which residues are generated and released into aquatic environments. The regulation of the use of parabens varies across different geographic regions, resulting in diverse concentrations observed globally. Concentrations of parabens exceeding 100 μg/L have been found in wastewater treatment plants and surface waters while drinking water (DW) sources typically exhibit concentrations below 6 μg/L. Despite their low levels, the presence of parabens in DW is a potential exposure route for humans, raising concerns for both human health and environmental microbiota. Although a few studies have reported alterations in the functions and characteristics of microbial communities following exposure to emerging contaminants, the impact of the exposure to parabens by microbial communities, particularly biofilm colonizers, remains largely understudied. This review gathers the most recent information on the occurrence of parabens in water sources, as well as their effects on human health and aquatic organisms. The interactions of parabens with microbial communities are reviewed for the first time, filling the knowledge gaps on the effects of paraben exposure on microbial ecosystems and their impact on disinfection tolerance and antimicrobial resistance, with potential implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Pereira
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês B Gomes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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9
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Souza MCO, Souza JMO, da Costa BRB, Gonzalez N, Rocha BA, Cruz JC, Guida Y, Souza VCO, Nadal M, Domingo JL, Barbosa F. Levels of organic pollutants and metals/metalloids in infant formula marketed in Brazil: Risks to early-life health. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113594. [PMID: 37986457 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Infant formula intake is recommended to ensure comprehensive nutritional and caloric fulfillment when exclusive breastfeeding is not possible. However, similarly to breast milk, infant formulas may also contain pollutants capable of inducing endocrine-disrupting and neurotoxic effects. Thus, considering the sensitivity of their developing physiological systems and that infants have heightened susceptibility to environmental influences, this study was aimed at assessing the contents of essential elements, and inorganic and organic pollutants in infant formulas marketed in Brazil. Additionally, health risk assessments for selected contaminants were also performed. Measured contents of essential elements (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cu, Se, and Zn) were congruent with label information. Nevertheless, some toxic elements (Pb, Cd, As, Ni, and Al) were also detected. Notably, in the upper-bound scenario, Pb and Cd surpassed established threshold values when comparing the estimated daily intake (EDI) and tolerable daily intake (TDI - 3.57 and 0.36 μg/kg bw, respectively). Bisphenol P (BPP) and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) were frequently detected (84 % detection rate both) with elevated contents (BPP median = 4.28 ng/g and BBP median = 0.24 ng/g). Furthermore, a positive correlation (0.41) was observed between BPP and BBP, implying a potential co-occurrence within packaging materials. Methyl-paraben also correlated positively with BBP (0.57), showing a detection rate of 53 %. The cumulative PBDE contents ranged from 0.33 to 1.62 ng/g, with BDE-154 and BDE-47 the dominant congeners. When comparing EDI values with TDIs, all organic pollutants remained below the thresholds across all exposure scenarios. Moreover, non-carcinogenic risks were below the threshold (HQ > 1) when dividing the EDIs by the respective reference doses for chronic exposure. While the current findings may suggest that infant formula intake poses no immediate risk in terms of the evaluated chemicals, it remains imperative to conduct further research to safeguard the health of infants considering other chemicals, as well as their potential cumulative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Maria Oliveira Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Institute, University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ruiz Brandão da Costa
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Forensic Toxicology Analysis Laboratory, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900 - Monte Alegre, 14015-130, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; University of Sao Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Botany, Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Rua do Matão, 277, 05508-090 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neus Gonzalez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonas Carneiro Cruz
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yago Guida
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristina Oliveira Souza
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martí Nadal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology, and Food Sciences, Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Café s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Yang Y, Bai X, Lu J, Zou R, Ding R, Hua X. Assessment of five typical environmental endocrine disruptors and thyroid cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1283087. [PMID: 38027118 PMCID: PMC10643203 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1283087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There are conflicting reports on the association between environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) and thyroid cancer. This meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the relationship between EEDs and thyroid cancer. Methods We searched for epidemiological studies on EEDs and thyroid cancer published in PubMed and Web of Science up to December 2022. We then screened the articles that could extract data on EEDs concentration levels in both thyroid cancer patients and healthy controls. We excluded articles that could not calculate effect sizes, focused on other thyroid diseases, or lacked controls. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated to analyze the association between EEDs and thyroid cancer. We measured the heterogeneity among the included studies using I2, assessed publication bias by Egger's and Begg's test, and evaluated article quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Score (NOS). In the end, fifteen eligible case-control studies were included. Results Our comprehensive analysis revealed that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were negatively associated with thyroid cancer{ SMD = -0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (-0.05, -0.00), P = 0.03}, while polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), phthalates (PAEs), and heavy metals were positively associated with thyroid cancer{PBDEs: SMD = 0.14, 95%CI = (0.04, 0.23), P = 0.007; PAEs: SMD = 0.30, 95%CI = (0.02, 0.58), P = 0.04; heavy metals: SMD = 0.21, 95%CI = (0.11, 0.32), P < 0.001}. We did not find a statistically significant relationship between bisphenol A (BPA) and thyroid cancer. Most of the included studies did not show publication bias, except for those on PCBs. Discussion Our results indicate that exposure to certain EEDs, such as PBDEs, PAEs, and heavy metals, increases the risk of thyroid cancer. However, further large-scale epidemiological studies and mechanism studies are needed to verify these potential relationships and understand the underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaohui Hua
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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11
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Yang W, Bao Y, Hao J, Hu X, Xu T, Yin D. Effects of carbamazepine on the central nervous system of zebrafish at human therapeutic plasma levels. iScience 2023; 26:107688. [PMID: 37701572 PMCID: PMC10494213 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The fish plasma model (FPM) facilitated the environmental risk assessment of human drugs by using existing data on human therapeutic plasma concentrations (HTPCs) and predicted fish plasma concentrations (FPCs). However, studies on carbamazepine (CMZ) with both the mode of action (MOA) based biological effects at molecular level (such as neurotransmitter and gene level) and measured FPCs are lacking. Bioconcentration of CMZ in adult zebrafish demonstrated that the FPM underestimated the bioconcentration factors (BCFs) in plasma at environmental CMZ exposure concentrations (1-100 μg/L). CMZ significantly increased Glu and GABA, decreased ACh and AChE as well as inhibited the transcription levels of gabra1, grin1b, grin2b, gad1b, and abat when the actual FPCs were in the ranges of 1/1000 HTPC to HTPC. It is the first read-across study of CMZ integrating MOA-based biological effects at molecular level and FPCs. This study facilitates model performance against a range of different drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tinggi University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yifan Bao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tinggi University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiaoyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tinggi University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xialin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tinggi University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tinggi University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tinggi University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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12
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Xu Q, Fan K, Wei D, Wang L, Wang J, Song Y, Wang M, Zhao M, Liu X, Huo W, Li L, Hou J, Jing T, Wang C, Mao Z. Higher HDL-C levels attenuated the association of plasma polybrominated diphenyl ethers with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural Chinese adults. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115524. [PMID: 37776820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) were used as flame retardants widely, however, epidemiological evidence for the association between PBDEs and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is inconsistent. Moreover, the combined effects of PBDEs and blood lipid indicators on impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and T2DM remains largely unknown in rural areas lacking good waste recycling infrastructure. METHODS In this study, a total of 2607 subjects aged 18-79 years were included from the Henan Rural Cohort. Generalized linear and logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the associations of various PBDE pollutants on IFG and T2DM. Quantile g-computation regression and PBDE pollution score created by the adaptive elastic net were applied to evaluate the impact of PBDEs mixtures on IFG and T2DM. Interaction effects of individual PBDE pollutants and blood lipid indicators on IFG and T2DM were assessed by using Interaction plots. RESULTS The geometric mean concentrations (detection rates) were 0.09 ng/mL (100.0%), 0.12 ng/mL (97.8%), 0.22 ng/mL (94.7%), 0.16 ng/mL (99.2%) and 0.28 ng/mL (100.0%) for PBDE-28, PBDE-47, PBDE-99, and PBDE-153 respectively. However, PBDE-28, PBDE-99, PBDE-100, and ΣPBDEs were positively associated with IFG (odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)): 1.14 (1.06, 1.23), 1.16 (1.04, 1.29), 1.25 (1.14, 1.37), and 1.27 (1.08, 1.50)). Similarly, PBDE-28, PBDE-47, PBDE-99, PBDE-100, and ΣPBDEs were positively associated with T2DM (ORs (95% CIs): 1.30 (1.10, 1.54), 1.13 (1.06, 1.22), 1.27 (1.13, 1.43), 1.27 (1.15, 1.40), and 1.30 (1.10, 1.54)). Moreover, five PBDE mixtures or jointly as PBDE pollution score, were significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM (P < 0.05 for all). In addition, the harmful effect of PBDE exposure on T2DM was decreased with accompanying high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels increased. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of managing PBDEs contamination and suggest that HDL-C may be a novel way to prevent T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Teaching and Training Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University/ The First Hospital of Jiaxing, 314000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Mengzhen Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Tao Jing
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Park S, Cowell W, Margolis AE, Sjodin A, Jones R, Rauh V, Wang S, Herbstman JB. Prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and inattention/hyperactivity symptoms in mid to late adolescents. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 3:1061234. [PMID: 38455925 PMCID: PMC10910905 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2023.1061234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has been associated with increased symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in early to middle childhood, as well as early adolescence. However, data are limited for the long-lasting impact of exposure on outcomes assessed across the entire adolescent period and the sex-specificity of such associations. Methods We investigated the association between continuous natural-log-transformed cord plasma PBDE concentrations and ADHD rating scale 4th edition (ADHD-RS-IV) score from mid adolescence (approximately 11 years old) to late adolescence (approximately 17 years old). The study sample includes a subset (n = 219) of the African American and Dominican children enrolled in the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health Mothers and Newborns birth cohort. We used generalized estimating equations to account for the repeated measure of ADHD-RS scores. We examined interactions between exposure to PBDE and sex using cross-product terms and sex-stratified models. In addition, we used linear regression using an age-stratified sample as a sensitivity analysis. Results and Discussion Associations between prenatal exposure and parents' reports of ADHD symptoms varied by sex (p-interaction <0.20), with positive relationships observed among girls but not boys from sex-stratified models. Our finding suggests prenatal exposure to PBDE may affect ADHD symptoms assessed during middle to late adolescence and the sex-specificity of such impact. Our results can be confirmed by future studies with larger and more diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonyoung Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Whitney Cowell
- Departments of Pediatrics and Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amy E. Margolis
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andreas Sjodin
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Richard Jones
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Virginia Rauh
- Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Julie B. Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
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Ma Y, Romanak KA, Capozzi SL, Xia C, Lehman DC, Harrad S, Cline-Cole R, Venier M. Socio-Economic Factors Impact US Dietary Exposure to Halogenated Flame Retardants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2023; 10:478-484. [PMID: 37333937 PMCID: PMC10269323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Although diet is an important route of exposure for brominated flame retardants (BFRs), little is known of their presence in US food. Therefore, we purchased meat, fish, and dairy product samples (n = 72) in Bloomington, IN, from 3 stores representing national retail chains at different price levels. Composite samples (n = 42) were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD), novel BFRs (NBFRs), and dechlorane plus (DP). Concentrations of total halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) ranged between 54 and 1,400 pg/g ww, with PBDEs being the predominant compounds. Concentrations of NBFRs, but not PBDEs, in US food items were significantly impacted by price, raising the issue of environmental justice. Nonorganic food generally had a higher abundance of BDE-209 than organic food items. Estimates of dietary exposure revealed that meat and cheese consumption contribute most to the overall HFR intake and that intakes are highest for children and for non-Hispanic Asians. Taking into account several caveats and limitations of this study, these results as a whole suggest that health burdens from dietary exposure to HFRs have become minimal for US citizens, highlighting the positive impact of regulatory efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Ma
- School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Kevin Andrew Romanak
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Staci Lynn Capozzi
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Chunjie Xia
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Daniel Crawford Lehman
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Stuart Harrad
- School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Reginald Cline-Cole
- Department of African Studies & Anthropology, School of History and Cultures, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Marta Venier
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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Wang Y, Wang X, Sui S, Liu Z. Endocrine disrupting and carcinogenic effects of decabromodiphenyl ether. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1183815. [PMID: 37334308 PMCID: PMC10272517 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1183815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209), an essential industrial flame retardant that is widely used, has recently been reported to be increasing in human serum. Due to the structural similarity between BDE209 and thyroid hormones, its toxic effects on the thyroid are of particular concern. Methods Original articles in the PubMed database were collected using the terms "BDE209", "decabromodiphenyl ether", "endocrine disrupting", "thyroid", "carcinogenesis", "polybrominated diphenyl ethers", "PBDEs," and their synonyms from inception up to October of 2022. Results Of the 748 studies initially identified, 45 were selected, which emphasized the adverse effects of BDE209 on endocrine system. BDE209 may have a toxic effect not only on thyroid function but also on thyroid cancer tumorigenesis at multiple levels, such as by directly interfering with the TR, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, enzyme activity, and methylation. However, it is impossible to draw a definitive conclusion on the exact pathway of thyroid toxicity from BDE209. Conclusions Although the toxic effects of BDE209 on the thyroid have been well investigated, its tumorigenic effects remain unclear and further research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinpei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaofeng Sui
- Department of Environmental Health, Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liang J, Liu H, Zou M, Tao X, Zhou J, Dang Z, Lu G. Degradation efficiency and mechanism of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by thermally activated persulfate system. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138396. [PMID: 36931399 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as a typical brominated flame retardant (BFR) have attracted worldwide attention due to the high environmental risk and resistance to conventional remediation processes. In this study, thermally activated persulfate (TAP) process was applied to degrade 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), which is the most toxic and representative PBDEs in e-waste dismantling sites. Impact factors such as PDS dosage, heating temperature, and initial pH were evaluated. Results showed that BDE-47 can be 100% degraded within 180 min under the condition of PDS:BDE-47 = 1000:1, 60 °C, and pH = 7. Quenching experiments combined with EPR analysis further proved the important role of SO4·- in oxidating BDE-47. According to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis, only one oxidation product of low toxicity was detected during the oxidation process. Theoretical calculations further revealed that the oxidation process mainly involved radical attack at C-Br bond, cleavage of C-Br bond, and fission of ether bond, and HSO4· may also play an important role in BDE-47 degradation in TAP system. In addition, TAP system exhibited universality as all selected PBDE congeners can be degraded, and the degradation rate of PBDEs was greatly affected by the number of substituted Br atoms in a negative trend. Overall, these findings indicate that TAP can be applied as an effective method for removal of PBDEs, and we provide a new insight for the practical application of TAP technology in BDE-47 degradation from experimental and theoretical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - He Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Mengyao Zou
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xueqin Tao
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Jiangmin Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Charles D, Berg V, Nøst TH, Wilsgaard T, Bergdahl IA, Huber S, Ayotte P, Averina M, Sandanger T, Rylander C. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases and controls: Repeated measurements prior to and after diagnosis. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 249:114148. [PMID: 36881976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported associations between certain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of POPs that are found in increasing concentrations in humans. Although obesity is a known risk factor for T2DM and PBDEs are fat-soluble, very few studies have investigated associations between PBDEs and T2DM. No longitudinal studies have assessed associations between repeated measurements of PBDE and T2DM in the same individuals and compared time trends of PBDEs in T2DM cases and controls. OBJECTIVES To investigate associations between pre- and post-diagnostic measurements of PBDEs and T2DM and to compare time trends of PBDEs in T2DM cases and controls. METHODS Questionnaire data and serum samples from participants in the Tromsø Study were used to conduct a longitudinal nested case-control study among 116 T2DM cases and 139 controls. All included study participants had three pre-diagnostic blood samples (collected before T2DM diagnosis in cases), and up to two post-diagnostic samples after T2DM diagnosis. We used logistic regression models to investigate pre- and post-diagnostic associations between PBDEs and T2DM, and linear mixed-effect models to assess time trends of PBDEs in T2DM cases and controls. RESULTS We observed no substantial pre- or post-diagnostic associations between any of the PBDEs and T2DM, except for BDE-154 at one of the post-diagnostic time-points (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.00, 2.71). The overall time trends of PBDE concentrations were similar for cases and controls. DISCUSSION The study did not support PBDEs increasing the odds of T2DM, prior to or after T2DM diagnosis. T2DM status did not influence the time trends of PBDE concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolley Charles
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vivian Berg
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, NO-9038, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Community Medicine and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sandra Huber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, NO-9038, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, INSPQ, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Maria Averina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, NO-9038, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway; NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, NO-9007, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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Ma Y, Stubbings WA, Abdallah MAE, Cline-Cole R, Harrad S. Temporal trends in concentrations of brominated flame retardants in UK foodstuffs suggest active impacts of global phase-out of PBDEs and HBCDD. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160956. [PMID: 36528953 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global restrictions on use of legacy brominated flame retardants (BFRs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) have generated demand for novel BFRs (NBFRs) as substitutes. Our research group has previously reported decreased concentrations of PBDEs and HBCDD and increased concentrations of NBFRs in UK indoor environments, suggesting that restrictions on PBDEs and HBCDD are exerting an impact. In this study, we analysed UK foodstuffs collected in 2020-21 and compared the BFR concentrations found with those found in similar samples collected in 2015 to investigate whether similar trends in BFR concentrations would be observed. Concentrations of PBDEs and HBCDD isomers detected in our samples had declined by 78-92 % and 59-97 % since the 2015 study, respectively. Moreover, concentrations of NBFRs (dominated by 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE or TBE), and bis(2-ethyl hexyl) tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP or TBPH)) in UK foodstuffs increased significantly (28-1400 %) between 2015 and 2020-21. Combined, these findings suggest that restrictions on use of PBDEs and HBCDD have had a discernible impact on concentrations of these legacy BFRs and their NBFR replacements in UK foodstuffs. Interestingly, given recent reports of a significant increase in concentrations of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) in UK house dust between 2014 and 2019, a significant decline (70-84 %) in concentrations of DBDPE was observed in UK foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Ma
- School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - William A Stubbings
- School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Reginald Cline-Cole
- Department of African Studies & Anthropology, School of History and Cultures, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stuart Harrad
- School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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19
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Wang Y, Huang J, Wang H, Lan L, Mu X, Xu W, Lv S, Li X. Theoretical study on pyrolysis mechanism of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) using DFT method. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136904. [PMID: 36265714 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), as a brominated flame retardant (BFR), is widely applied to various consumer products due to its superior performance and affordable pricing to improve the flame resistance of materials. To better comprehend the pyrolysis behavior of BDE-209 and the evolution process of main pyrolysis products, the thermal degradation mechanism of BDE-209 was studied using density functional theory (DFT) method at the theoretical level of M06/cc-pVDZ, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated in this paper. Unimolecular degradation was dominated by cleavage of the ether linkage, which results in a high yield of hexabromobenzene, and fission of the ortho-position C-Br bond is the main competitive reaction channel. In the system of BDE-209 + H, the pyrolysis reaction is majorly characterized by debromination, leading to the formation of considerable HBr and low-brominated diphenyl ethers. Additionally, the hydrogen-derived splitting of the ether bond acts as a mainly competitive channel, which is the source of polybromophenols and polybromobenzenes. The formation of polybrominated dibenzofuran (PBDF) derives from the cyclization reaction of ortho-phenyl-type radicals, which are readily generated through the ortho-position Br atom abstraction by H radical. The formation of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PBDD) involves the ortho-C-O coupling reaction of polybromophenoxy radicals, debromination reaction, and cyclization reaction. And the total yield of PBDD/Fs was significantly increased when H was involved. Results presented in this work will provide the helpful information for the treatment and reuse of BDE-209-containing waste plastics through using pyrolysis technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jinbao Huang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lin Lan
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xin Mu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shanjin Lv
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xinsheng Li
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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20
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Maddela NR, Ramakrishnan B, Dueñas-Rivadeneira AA, Venkateswarlu K, Megharaj M. Chemicals/materials of emerging concern in farmlands: sources, crop uptake and potential human health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:2217-2236. [PMID: 36444949 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00322h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Certain chemicals/materials that are contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) have been widely detected in water bodies and terrestrial systems worldwide while other CECs occur at undetectable concentrations. The primary sources of CECs in farmlands are agricultural inputs, such as wastewater, biosolids, sewage sludge, and agricultural mulching films. The percent increase in cropland area during 1950-2016 was 30 and the rise in land use for food crops during 1960-2018 was 100-500%, implying that there could be a significant CEC burden in farmlands in the future. In fact, the alarming concentrations (μg kg-1) of certain CECs such as PBDEs, PAEs, and PFOS that occur in farmlands are 383, 35 400 and 483, respectively. Also, metal nanoparticles are reported even at the mg kg-1 level. Chronic root accumulation followed by translocation of CECs into plants results in their detectable concentrations in the final plant produce. Thus, there is a continuous flow of CECs from farmlands to agricultural produce, causing a serious threat to the terrestrial food chain. Consequently, CECs find their way to the human body directly through CEC-laden plant produce or indirectly via the meat of grazing animals. Thus, human health could be at the most critical risk since several CECs have been shown to cause cancers, disruption of endocrine and cognitive systems, maternal-foetal transfer, neurotoxicity, and genotoxicity. Overall, this comprehensive review provides updated information on contamination of chemicals/materials of concern in farmlands globally, sources for their entry, uptake by crop plants, and their likely impact on the terrestrial food chain and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Raju Maddela
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
- Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | | | - Alex Alberto Dueñas-Rivadeneira
- Departamento de Procesos Agroindustriales, Facultad de Ciencias Zootécnicas, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Av. Urbina y Che Guevara, Portoviejo, Ecuador
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu 515003, India
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), and Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
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21
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Hasegawa T, Mizukawa K, Yeo BG, Sekioka T, Takada H, Nakaoka M. The significance of trophic transfer of microplastics in the accumulation of plastic additives in fish: An experimental study using brominated flame retardants and UV stabilizers. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114343. [PMID: 36410196 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms ingest microplastics directly from water and indirectly from food sources. Ingesting microplastics can lead to the accumulation of plastic-derived chemicals. However, the relative contributions of the two exposure routes to the accumulation of plastic-derived chemicals in organisms are unknown. Using microplastics containing two brominated flame retardants (BFRs; BDE209 and DBDPE) and three UV stabilizers (UVSs; UV-234, UV-327, and BP-12), we performed exposure experiments to compare chemical accumulation patterns in fish (Myoxocephalus brandti) between exposure from water and prey (Neomysis spp.). We found significantly higher concentrations of BFRs in fish fed microplastic-contaminated prey than fish exposed to microplastics in the water. However, we observed similar concentrations of UVSs in fish exposed to both sources. As BFRs are more hydrophobic than UVSs, the differences may reflect the hydrophobic nature of the additives. Our findings indicate that both exposure routes are crucial to understanding the accumulation of plastic additives in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Akkeshi, Hokkaido 088-1113, Japan
| | - Kaoruko Mizukawa
- Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Bee Geok Yeo
- Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tomonori Sekioka
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Hideshige Takada
- Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakaoka
- Akkeshi Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Akkeshi, Hokkaido 088-1113, Japan.
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22
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Kou J, Li X, Zhang M, Wang L, Hu L, Liu X, Mei S, Xu G. Accumulative levels, temporal and spatial distribution of common chemical pollutants in the blood of Chinese adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119980. [PMID: 35985432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
China has been in a rapid development period in recent decades, the mass production and use of chemical industrial products and pesticides have resulted in a large amount of pollutants in the environment. These pollutants enter the human body through environmental exposure and dietary intake, causing adverse health effects. Although many of them have been banned and restricted in the production and use in China, these pollutants still remain in the human body due to their high persistence and strong bioaccumulation. In this review, we aim to reveal the accumulation levels and profiles, as well as the temporal and spatial distribution of common chemical pollutants including chlorinated paraffins (CPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers, organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), new halogenated flame retardants (NHFRs), polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalic acid esters, perfluorinated compounds, bisphenols, organophosphorus pesticides and pyrethroid insecticides in the blood (including whole blood, serum and plasma) of Chinese adults by extracting 93 related studies published from 1990 to 2021. Results have shown that CPs, OCPs and PAHs were the main pollutants in China, the levels of short-chain chlorinated paraffin, p,p'-DDE and phenanthrene in blood even reached 11,060.58, 740.41 and 498.28 ng/g lipid respectively. Under the strict control of pollutants in China, the levels of most pollutants have been on a downward trend except for perfluoro octanoate and perfluoro nonanoate. Besides, OPFRs, NHFRs and PAHs may have a potential upward trend, requiring further research and observation. As for spatial distribution, East China (Bohai Bay and Yangtze River Delta) and South China (Pearl River Delta) were the major polluted regions due to their fast development of industry and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Mingye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Limei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Liqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, China
| | - Surong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Metabolomics, Dalian, China
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23
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Lu JT, Ilyas E. An Overview of Ultraviolet-Protective Clothing. Cureus 2022; 14:e27333. [PMID: 36043025 PMCID: PMC9414157 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Protection from harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can be achieved in a multitude of ways: sunscreen, chemical laundering additives, regular clothing, and photoprotective clothing. While sunscreen remains a popular sun-protective method, research has shown that its long-term use can lead to serious neurological, endocrine, and developmental consequences. Chemical laundering additives have been marketed as a means to absorb or reflect UVR, but data on its efficacy tests are not currently available, and skin contact with these chemicals may prove to be harmful. All clothing, regular or sun-protective, confers sun protection through dyes, weave patterns, and textile materials. However, photoprotective clothing is generally rated as more protective on the ultraviolent protection factor (UPF) scale and garment protection factor (GPF) scale. A combination of photoprotective clothing and sunscreen use over non-covered body areas is likely to be the optimal way for sun protection with minimal risk. However, further research on the topic is needed to gain deeper insights into it.
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Long-Term Exposure to Decabromodiphenyl Ether Promotes the Proliferation and Tumourigenesis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Inhibiting TRß. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112772. [PMID: 35681752 PMCID: PMC9179891 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary PBDEs have been reported to have endocrine-disrupting and tumour-promoting activity; however, the effects of BDE209 (the highest brominated PBDEs) on the thyroid and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we found that long-term exposure to BDE209 could cause chronic toxicity and potential tumourigenesis by inhibiting the expression and function of TRß, which induces the proliferation of thyroid tissue and the oncogenesis of thyroid carcinoma. These findings emphasize the damaging effects that exposure to BDE209 has on human thyroid and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Abstract Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been reported to possess endocrine-disrupting and tumour-promoting activity. However, the effects of long-term exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) on thyroid tumourigenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. In this study, functional assays in vitro and mouse models in vivo were used to evaluate the toxic effects of long-term exposure to environmental concentrations of BDE209 on the pathogenesis and progression of PTC. MTS, EdU and colony-forming assays confirmed the chronic toxicity of BDE209 on the proliferation of human normal follicular epithelial cell line (Nthy-ori 3-1) and PTC-derived cell lines (TPC-1 and BCPAP). Wound and Transwell assays showed that BDE209 exacerbated the aggressiveness of PTC cells. BDE209 significantly promoted cell proliferation during the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. Mechanistically, BDE209 altered the thyroid system by acting as a competitive inhibitor of thyroid receptor beta (TRß) expression and function, which was further proven by public databases and RNA-seq bioinformation analysis. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BDE209 has chronic toxicity and potential tumourigenic effects on the thyroid by inhibiting TRß.
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Feiteiro J, Rocha SM, Mariana M, Maia CJ, Cairrão E. Pathways involved in the human vascular Tetrabromobisphenol A response: calcium and potassium channels and nitric oxide donors. Toxicology 2022; 470:153158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Song M, Wang Y, Chen Z, Gao H, Yang Z, Yu H, Liu Y. Human CYP enzyme-activated genotoxicity of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromobiphenyl ether in mammalian cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132784. [PMID: 34742755 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants with endocrine-disrupting, neurotoxic, tumorigenic and DNA-damaging activities. They are hydroxylated by human liver microsomal CYP enzymes, however, their mutagenicity remains unknown. In this study, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromobiphenyl ether (BDE-47, relatively abundant in human tissues) was investigated for micronuclei induction and DNA damage in mammalian cells. The results indicated that BDE-47 up to 80 μM under a 6 h/18 h (exposure/recovery, covering 2 cell cycles) regime did not induce micronuclei in V79-Mz and V79-derived cell lines expressing human CYP1A1 or 1A2, while it was moderately positive in human CYP2B6-, 2E1-and 3A4-expressing cell lines (V79-hCYP2B6, V79-hCYP2E1-hSULT1A1 and V79-hCYP3A4-hOR, respectively). Following 24 h exposure, BDE-47 induced micronuclei in V79-hCYP2E1-hSULT1A1 and V79-hCYP3A4 cells at increased potencies. In the human hepatoma (HepG2) cells BDE-47 (48 h exposure) was inactive up to 40 μM, however, pretreatment of the cells with ethanol (0.2%, v:v, inducer of CYP2E1) or rifampicin (10 μM, inducer of CYP3A4) led to significant micronuclei formation by BDE-47; pretreatment with bisphenol AF (100 nM) also potentiated BDE-47-induced micronuclei formation (which was blocked by a CYP2E1 inhibitor trans-1,2-dichloroethylene or a CYP3A inhibitor (ketoconazole). Immunofluorescent staining of centromere protein B with the micronuclei formed by BDE-47 in HepG2 cells pretreated with ethanol or rifampicin demonstrated selective formation of centromere-containing micronuclei. The increased phosphorylation of both histones H2AX and H3 in HepG2 by BDE-47 also indicated an aneugenic potential. Therefore, this study suggests that BDE-47 is an aneugen activated by several human CYP enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Song
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yujian Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hongbin Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Zongying Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yungang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 1023 S. Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Chokwe TB, Krȕger E, Magubane MN, Abafe OA, Mporetji SM, Okonkwo JO, Sibali LL, Hariram R. Legacy and novel brominated flame-retardants in different fish types from inland freshwaters of South Africa: levels, distribution and implications for human health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:321-331. [PMID: 32338060 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1757042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study report the presence of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and novel brominated flame-retardants (NBFRs) in muscle tissues of Labeo capensis (mudfish), Labeo umbratus (moggel), Cyprinus carpio (carp) and Clarias gariepinus (catfish) from Vaal River, South Africa. The concentrations (in ng g-1 wet weight (ww)) of these contaminants ranged from LOQ to 12.8 ng g-1 ww in catfish, with lowest concentrations found for mudfish ranging from <LOQ to 3.4 ng g-1 ww. This variation was attributed to species-specific ecological status such as feeding habit and trophic level with BDE209 and BB209 as a major congeners among PBDEs and PBBs, respectively, and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) as a major flame retardants among the NBFRs. The hazard quotients of these contaminants were very low indicating that these contaminants do not pose health risk to South Africans via fish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tlou B Chokwe
- Scientific Services, Rand Water, Vereeniging, RSA
- Scientific Services Unit, Capricorn District Municipality, Polokwane, RSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan O Okonkwo
- Department of Water Environmental and Earth Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, RSA
| | - Linda L Sibali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, RSA
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Steil GJ, Buzzo JLA, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Filipak Neto F. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers BDE-47 and BDE-99 modulate murine melanoma cell phenotype in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:11291-11303. [PMID: 34535858 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Even with the advances of pharmaceutical industry and treatments, the mortality rate for various types of cancer remains high. In particular, phenotypic alterations of tumor cells concerning drug efflux, migratory and invasive capabilities may represent a hurdle for cancer treatment and contribute to poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) used as flame retardants on phenotypic features of melanoma cells that are important for cancer. Murine melanoma B16-F1 (less metastatic) and B16-F10 (more metastatic) cells were exposed to 0.01-1.0 nM of BDE-47 (2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether), BDE-99 (2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether), and the mixture of both (at 0.01 nM) for 24 h (acute exposure) and 15 days (chronic exposure). The polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) did not affect cell viability but led to increased drug efflux transporter activity, cell migration, and colony formation, as well as overexpression of Abcc2 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 2), Mmp-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2), Mmp-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9), and Tp53 (tumor protein p53) genes and downregulation of Timp-3 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3) gene in B16-F10 cells. These effects are consistent with increased aggressiveness and malignancy of tumors due to exposure to the flame retardants and raise some concerns on the effects such chemicals may have on melanoma treatment and cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisleine Jarenko Steil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box: 19031, CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Aldinucci Buzzo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box: 19031, CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box: 19031, CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
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Sharma BM, Bharat GK, Chakraborty P, Martiník J, Audy O, Kukučka P, Přibylová P, Kukreti PK, Sharma A, Kalina J, Steindal EH, Nizzetto L. A comprehensive assessment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in an Indian food basket: Levels, dietary intakes, and comparison with European data. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117750. [PMID: 34265562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in diet are a health concern and their monitoring in food has been introduced in the European Union. In developing countries, EDC dietary exposure data are scarce, especially from areas perceived as pollution hotspots, including industrialized countries like India. Several persistent organic pollutants (POPs) act as EDCs and pose a pressure to human health mainly through dietary exposure. In the present study, a range of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), dioxins and furans were measured in several food items collected from Indian urban (Delhi) and peri-urban (Dehradun) areas. Food basket contamination data were used to estimate EDC dietary exposure and compare it with that of the average European population estimated from available monitoring data. All the target contaminants were found in most food items, especially in dairies and meat products. OCPs were the main contributers to the measured EDC contamination. Food supplied to Delhi's markets had higher EDC contamination than that supplied to the peri-urban market in Dehradun. Despite lax compliance and control measures, Indian dietary exposure of OCPs and PBDEs were comparable with that of Europe and were lower for PCBs and dioxins. Higher meat consumption in Europe only partly explained this pattern which was driven also by the higher EDC residues in some European food items. A substantial part of endocrine disrupting potential in the diet derives from food and animal feeds internationally traded between developed and developing countries. With increasingly globalized food systems, internationally harmonized policies on EDC content in food can lead to better protection of health in both these contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Girija K Bharat
- Mu Gamma Consultants Pvt. Ltd., 122018, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Paromita Chakraborty
- SRM Institute of Science and Technology, 603203, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jakub Martiník
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Audy
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kukučka
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Anežka Sharma
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kalina
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eirik Hovland Steindal
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Universitetstunet 3, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway.
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Lin N, Kwarteng L, Godwin C, Warner S, Robins T, Arko-Mensah J, Fobil JN, Batterman S. Airborne volatile organic compounds at an e-waste site in Ghana: Source apportionment, exposure and health risks. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126353. [PMID: 34175701 PMCID: PMC9925107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Informal e-waste recycling processes emit various air pollutants. While there are a number of pollutants of concern, little information exists on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) releases at e-waste sites. To assess occupational exposures and estimate health risks, we measured VOC levels at the Agbogbloshie e-waste site in Ghana, the largest e-waste site in Africa, by collecting both fixed-site and personal samples for analyzing a wide range of VOCs. A total of 54 VOCs were detected, dominated by aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Mean and median concentrations of the total target VOCs were 46 and 37 μg/m3 at the fixed sites, and 485 and 162 μg/m3 for the personal samples. Mean and median hazard ratios were 2.1 and 1.4, respectively, and cancer risks were 4.6 × 10-4 and 1.5 × 10-4. These risks were predominantly driven by naphthalene and benzene; chloroform and formaldehyde were also high in some samples. Based on the VOC composition, the major sources were industry, fuel evaporation and combustion. The concentration gradient across sites and the similarity of VOC profiles indicated that the e-waste site emissions reached neighboring communities. Our results suggest the need to protect e-waste workers from VOC exposure, and to limit emissions that can expose nearby populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China 200025
| | - Lawrencia Kwarteng
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, P.O. Box LG13, Accra, Ghana
| | - Christopher Godwin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Sydni Warner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Thomas Robins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, P.O. Box LG13, Accra, Ghana
| | - Julius N Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana, School of Public Health, P.O. Box LG13, Accra, Ghana
| | - Stuart Batterman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109.
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Feiteiro J, Mariana M, Cairrão E. Health toxicity effects of brominated flame retardants: From environmental to human exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117475. [PMID: 34087639 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBP-A) are brominated flame retardants widely used in variety of industrial and consumer products (e.g., automobiles, electronics, furniture, textiles and plastics) to reduce flammability. HBCD and TBBPA can also contaminate the environment, mainly water, dust, air and soil, from which human exposure occurs. This constant exposure has raised some concerns against human health. These compounds can act as endocrine disruptors, a property that gives them the ability to interfere with hormonal function and quantity, when HBCD and TBBPA bind target tissues in the body. Studies in human and animals suggest a correlation between HBCD and TBBPA exposure and adverse health outcomes, namely thyroid disorders, neurobehavior and development disorders, reproductive health, immunological, oncological and cardiovascular diseases. However, in humans these effects are still poorly understood, once only a few data evaluated the human health effects. Thus, the purpose of this review is to present the toxicity effects of HBCD and TBBPA and how these compounds affect the environment and health, resorting to data and knowledge of 255 published papers from 1979 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Feiteiro
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Melissa Mariana
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrão
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Hoang MTT, Anh HQ, Kadokami K, Duong HT, Hoang HM, Van Nguyen T, Takahashi S, Le GT, Trinh HT. Contamination status, emission sources, and human health risk of brominated flame retardants in urban indoor dust from Hanoi, Vietnam: the replacement of legacy polybrominated diphenyl ether mixtures by alternative formulations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43885-43896. [PMID: 33837942 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence, distribution of several additive brominated flame retardants (BFRs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and some novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in urban indoor dust collected from ten inner districts of Hanoi, Vietnam to assess the contamination status, emission sources, as well as their associated human exposure through indoor dust ingestion and health risks. Total concentrations of PBDEs and NBFRs in indoor dust samples ranged from 43 to 480 ng g-1 (median 170 ng g-1) and from 56 to 2200 ng g-1 (median 180 ng g-1), respectively. The most abundant PBDE congener in these dust samples was BDE-209 with concentrations ranging from 29 to 360 ng g-1, accounting for 62.6-86.5% of total PBDE levels. Among the NBFRs analyzed, decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) was the predominant compound with a mean contribution of 98.6% total NBFR amounts. Significant concentrations of DBDPE were detected in all dust samples (median 180 ng g-1, range 54-2200 ng g-1), due to DBDPE as a substitute for deca-BDE. Other NBFRs such as 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl (BB-153) were found at very low levels. Based on the measured BFR concentrations, daily intake doses (IDs) of PBDEs and NBFRs via dust ingestion at exposure scenarios using the median and 95th percentile levels for both adults and children were calculated for risk assessment. The results showed that the daily exposure doses via dust ingestion of all compounds, even in the high-exposure scenarios were also lower than their reference dose (RfD) values. The lifetime cancer risks (LTCR) were much lower than the threshold level (10-6), which indicated the acceptable health risks resulting from indoor BFRs exposure for urban residents in Hanoi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tue Thi Hoang
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Quoc Anh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
- Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Kiwao Kadokami
- The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Kitakyushu, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Hanh Thi Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Mai Hoang
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Van Nguyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Giang Truong Le
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Thu Trinh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.
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Cheng L, Yang J, Rao Q, Liu Z, Song W, Guan S, Zhao Z, Song W. Toxic effects of Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) on thyroid of broiler chicks by transcriptome profile analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 219:112305. [PMID: 34029840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The wide usage of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) results in its increasing occurrence in the environment and increasing attention in regard to human and animal health. BDE-209 is an endocrine disruptor for hypothyroidism, but the toxicity mechanism is unclear. Here, the histopathology and transcriptome sequencing of thyroid tissue from broiler chicks were investigated by supplemental feeding with different concentrations of BDE-209 for 42 days (0-4 g/kg in basal diet), followed by determining the levels of thyroid hormones in serum. The results showed ruptured and even hyperplastic follicular epithelial cells in the thyroid, and a total of 501 differentially expressed genes were screened out: 222 upregulated and 279 downregulated. Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway was significantly enriched, and α1D-adrenergic receptor, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor, and somatostatin receptor type 2 were shown to be candidate biomarkers. Thyroxine was a possible biomarker due to clear reduction in serum and significant correlation with exposure concentrations. These results suggested that oral intake of BDE-209 can cause structural injuries and even hyperplasia, and affect gene transcription involved in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway of thyroid, as well as thyroid hormones in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Junhua Yang
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Qinxiong Rao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Zehui Liu
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Shuhui Guan
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China.
| | - Weiguo Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201106, China.
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Ohoro CR, Adeniji AO, Okoh AI, Okoh OO. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environmental systems: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1229-1247. [PMID: 34150307 PMCID: PMC8172818 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PBDEs are human-influenced chemicals utilized massively as flame retardants. They are environmentally persistent, not easily degraded, bioaccumulate in the biological tissue of organisms, and bio-magnify across the food web. They can travel over a long distance, with air and water being their possible transport media. They can be transferred to non-target organisms by inhalation, oral ingestion, breastfeeding, or dermal contact. These pollutants adsorb easily to solid matrices due to their lipophilicity and hydrophobicity; thus, sediments from rivers, lakes, estuaries, and ocean are becoming their major reservoirs aquatic environments. They have low acute toxicity, but the effects of interfering with the thyroid hormone metabolism in the endocrine system are long term. Many congeners of PBDEs are considered to pose a danger to humans and the aquatic environment. They have shown the possibility of causing many undesirable effects, together with neurologic, immunological, and reproductive disruptions and possible carcinogenicity in humans. PBDEs have been detected in small amounts in biological samples, including hair, human semen, blood, urine, and breastmilk, and environmental samples such as sediment, soil, sewage sludge, air, biota, fish, mussels, surface water, and wastewater. The congeners prevailing in environmental samples, with soil being the essential matrix, are BDE 47, 99, and 100. BDE 28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183 are more frequently detected in human tissues, whereas in sediment and soil, BDE 100 and 183 predominate. Generally, BDE 153 and 154 appear very often across different matrices. However, BDE 209 seems not frequently determined, owing to its tendency to quickly breakdown into smaller congeners. This paper carried out an overview of PBDEs in the environmental, human, and biota niches with their characteristics, physicochemical properties, and fate in the environment, human exposure, and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
| | - Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omobola Oluranti Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
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Filippos LS, Taniguchi S, Baldassin P, Pires T, Montone RC. Persistent organic pollutants in plasma and stable isotopes in red blood cells of Caretta caretta, Chelonia mydas and Lepidochelys olivacea sea turtles that nest in Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 167:112283. [PMID: 33799149 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), in sea turtles are reported, but there are still spatial data gaps worldwide. POP contamination of live female blood plasma from Caretta caretta (n = 28), Chelonia mydas (n = 31) and Lepidochelys olivacea (n = 19), which nest in Brazil and feed along the South Atlantic Ocean, was investigated. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes from red blood cells (RBC) were also evaluated to obtain information about trophic ecology. C. caretta had the highest POP concentrations, followed by L. olivacea and C. mydas. PCBs predominated in all species, and the major OCPs were the DDTs (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and derivatives) and Lindane. POPs and stable isotopes revealed intra- and interspecific variations, which reflect the high plasticity in the use of habitat and food resources, making individuals within the same population susceptible to different exposures to pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana S Filippos
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil.
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Paula Baldassin
- Instituto BW, Professora Suely Brasil Flores, 88, CEP 28.970-000, Praia Seca, Araruama, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thaís Pires
- Fundação Projeto Tamar, Rua Rubens Guelli 134/307, Itaigara, Salvador, CEP: 41815-135, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rosalinda C Montone
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
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Das P, Gabriel JCP, Tay CY, Lee JM. Value-added products from thermochemical treatments of contaminated e-waste plastics. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:129409. [PMID: 33388566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rise of electronic waste (e-waste) generation around the globe has become a major concern in recent times and its recycling is mostly focused on the recovery of valuable metals, such as gold, silver, and copper, etc. However, e-waste consists of a significant weight fraction of plastics (25-30%) which are either discarded or incinerated. There is a growing need for recycling of these e-waste plastics. The majority of them are made from high-quality polymers (composites), such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP) and epoxies. These plastics are often contaminated with hazardous materials, such as brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and heavy metals (such as Pb and Hg). Under any thermal stress (thermal degradation), the Br present in the e-waste plastics produces environmentally hazardous pollutants, such as hydrogen bromide or polybrominated diphenyl ethers/furans (PBDE/Fs). The discarded plastics can lead to the leaching of toxins into the environment. It is important to remove the toxins from the e-waste plastics before recycling. This review article gives a detailed account of e-waste plastics recycling and recovery using thermochemical processes, such as extraction (at elevated temperature), incineration (combustion), hydrolysis, and pyrolysis (catalytic/non catalytic). A basic framework of the existing processes has been established by reviewing the most interesting findings in recent times and the prospects that they open in the field recycling of e-waste plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Das
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.
| | | | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.
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Tu M, Zheng X, Liu P, Wang S, Yan Z, Sun Q, Liu X. Typical organic pollutant-protein interactions studies through spectroscopy, molecular docking and crystallography: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:142959. [PMID: 33121791 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the development of industry and human society, more attention was paid for the toxic effects of organic pollutants that are closely related to human daily life. Previous studies mainly focused on the dose-response relationship and cytotoxic effects of pollutants to organisms,while little research focused on pollutant-protein interactions at molecular level. However, the binding of organic pollutants to biomolecules, especially proteins like transporters, membrane receptor and nuclear receptors, is often the first step of toxic effects. It can make a series of endocrine disrupting and genotoxic effects through cell signaling pathway by binding specific target proteins including serum albumin, thyroid transporter, estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Thus, the research of interactions between organic pollutants and proteins is helpful and necessary to understand the distribution, metabolism and toxicity mechanism of compounds in organisms at the molecular level. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of the interaction types of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), emerging pollutants and some other pollutants with targeted proteins. In addition, we summarized several main experimental techniques for studying pollutant-protein interactions including ultraviolet/visible absorption spectrometry (UV-vis), fluorescence, infrared spectrometry, circular dichroic spectra (CD), molecular docking and X-ray crystallography. This review contributes to the molecular mechanism of the interaction between organic pollutants and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Peiyuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shuping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhenguang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Qianhang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Han Y, Cheng J, He L, Zhang M, Ren S, Sun J, Xing X, Tang Z. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soils from Tianjin, North China: distribution, health risk, and temporal trends. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1177-1191. [PMID: 32607699 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Available information is still insufficient for a comprehensive understanding of the global distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the environment. In particular, little is known about the changing trend of their distribution in urban soils. We conducted a survey of 21 PBDEs in urban soils from Tianjin, China. The chemicals were widely present in the area and summed concentrations ranged from 0.65 to 108 ng/g in soil, indicating low to moderate levels of pollution relative to other areas. BDE-209 was the predominant congener, contributing 88.9% of the concentrations of total soil PBDEs. Source assessment indicated that soil PBDEs in the area were mainly derived from the release of commercial deca-BDE from local industrial production processes and consumer products. We found that the soil concentrations of PBDEs appear to have declined in recent years, compared with other previous reports in this region. However, more studies are needed on this possible change trend of PBDE pollution, especially its impact on human health, although their calculated non-carcinogenic health risks in this study were low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiali Cheng
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lei He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Minna Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shan Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jiazheng Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiangyang Xing
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhenwu Tang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Eze CT, Michelangeli F, Otitoloju AA, Eze OO, Ibraheem O, Ogbuene EB, Ogunwole GA. Occurrence of chemical pollutants in major e-waste sites in West Africa and usefulness of cytotoxicity and induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in determining the effects of some detected brominated flame retardants and e-waste soil-derived extracts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10832-10846. [PMID: 33099733 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence of chemical pollutants in major e-waste sites in West Africa and usefulness of cytotoxicity and induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in determining the effects of some detected brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and e-waste soil-derived extracts. Analysis of the e-waste site samples using AAS and GC-MS techniques revealed the presence of a range of toxic metals as well as persistent and toxic organic pollutants, respectively, in the vicinity of the e-waste sites. As expected, the occurrence (%) of all the detected chemical pollutants in experimental soils significantly (P < 0.05) differs from occurrence (%) in control soil. The calculated LC50 values on RBL-2H3 cells of the detected tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) were 3.75 μM and 4.2 μM, respectively. Tribromophenol (TBP), dibromobiphenyl (DBB), and decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDE) were remarkably less toxic on RBL-2H3 cells compared with TBBPA and HBCD as they did not reduce RBL-2H3 cell viability below 50% in the tested concentration range (0-20 μM). The study revealed that TBBPA and HBCD could induce significant RBL-2H3 cell death through caspase-dependent apoptosis. The study further shows that the cytotoxicity of some of these BFRs could increase synergistically when in mixtures and potentially activate inflammation through the stimulation of mast cell degranulation. The e-waste soil-derived extracts induced a concentration-dependent increase in EROD activity in the exposed RTG-W1 cells. Ultimately, nonpolar extracts had higher EROD-inducing potency compared with polar extracts and hence suggesting the presence in higher amounts of AhR agonists in nonpolar e-waste soil-derived extracts than polar extracts. Overall, there is urgent need for actions in order to improve the environmental quality of the e-waste sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuebuka ThankGod Eze
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
- Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Obianuju Oluchukwu Eze
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Campus, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Omodele Ibraheem
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Emeka Bright Ogbuene
- Centre for Environmental Management and Control, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Liu B, Song N, Jiang T, Wu J, Zhang L, Ge W, Chai C. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surface sediments from fishing ports along the coast of Bohai Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:112037. [PMID: 33517093 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The distribution, congener patterns, possible sources, and ecological risks of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated in the surface sediments of 20 fishing ports along the coast of Bohai Sea. PBDEs are widespread pollutants in fishing ports, and the total concentrations of 14 PBDEs (∑14PBDEs) are 4.23-20.59 ng/g with a mean value of 12.56 ng/g. BDE-209 was the dominant congener. The fishing ports with high PBDE concentrations were located near Liaohe River, Haihe River, manufacturing plants of BFRs near Laizhou Bay, and tipping areas of marine garbage. BDE-209 and BDE-47 were the most important congeners that discriminate PBDE pollution. The possible sources of PBDEs included the input of commercial mixtures of penta-BDE, octa-BDE, and deca-BDE, the debromination of BDE-209, and the atmospheric transport of the low brominated diphenyl ethers. The ecological risks in surface sediments were attributed to the congeners of tetra-BDE, penta-BDE, and deca-BDE with low or medium levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binxu Liu
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ningning Song
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Juan Wu
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chao Chai
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Hoang AQ, Tran TM, Tu MB, Takahashi S. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor and outdoor dust from Southeast Asia: An updated review on contamination status, human exposure, and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116012. [PMID: 33187845 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Contamination status, potential emission sources, environmental fate, and human exposure risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are reviewed for indoor and outdoor dust from Southeast Asian countries, under an international comparison point of view. PBDEs have been widely detected in house, workplace, car, and road dust samples collected from Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The highest PBDE levels up to hundreds of μg/g were found in settled dust from some e-waste processing areas in Thailand and Vietnam. Concentrations of PBDEs in house, car, and road dust from this region were generally lower than those reported in China and Western developed countries. BDE-209 was the most predominant congener in almost all analyzed samples, reflecting the widespread application of materials and products treated with commercial deca-BDE mixtures in this region. The market demand and application rate of commercial PBDE mixtures in Southeast Asia were lower than those documented for other regions in the world. As a result, PBDE contamination levels in the environments (e.g., indoor and outdoor dust) and associated risks in these countries were not significantly high. However, more attention should be paid to informal processing activities and management strategies for modern wastes such as e-waste, plastics, and end-of-life vehicles. There exist several knowledge gaps about spatiotemporal trends, potential sources, risk assessment, inventory, management, and legislation regarding PBDEs in dust from this region, which should be filled by additional comprehensive, detailed studies with relevant inter-country/regional monitoring schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Quoc Hoang
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam; Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Tri Manh Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Binh Tu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
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Sarkar D, Singh SK. Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) exposure to lactating mice perturbs steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in adult male offspring. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111783. [PMID: 33383340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is widely used as a flame retardant in many products like electronic equipments, plastics, furniture and textiles. BDE-209, a thyroid hormones (THs)-disrupting chemical, affects male reproductive health through altered THs status in mouse model. The present study was designed in continuation to our earlier work to elucidate whether early life exposure to BDE-209 has a long term potential risk to male reproductive health. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal BDE-209 exposure during lactation and to elucidate possible mechanism(s) of its action on male reproduction in adult Parkes mice offspring. Lactating female Parkes mice were orally gavaged with 500, and 700 mg/kg body weight of BDE-209 in corn oil from postnatal day (PND) 1 to PND 28 along with 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-treated positive controls and vehicle-treated controls. Male pups of lactating dams were euthanized at PND 75. Maternal BDE-209 exposure during lactation markedly affected histoarchitecture of testis and testosterone production with concomitant down-regulation in the expression of various steroidogenic markers in adult offspring. Maternal exposure to BDE-209 during lactation also interfered with germ cell dynamics and oxidative status in testes of adult mice offspring. A decreased expression of connexin 43 and androgen receptor was also evident in testes of these mice offspring; further, number, motility and viability of spermatozoa were also adversely affected in these mice. The results thus provide evidences that maternal exposure to BDE-209 during lactation causes reproductive toxicity in adult mice offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarshi Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India; Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151001, India
| | - Shio Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
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43
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Arvaniti OS, Kalantzi OI. Determinants of flame retardants in non-occupationally exposed individuals - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127923. [PMID: 32835974 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flame retardants (FRs) constitute a large group of different substances, some of which have been phased out of the market due to health concerns, while others are still used in many common consumer products to prevent fire hazards. This review addressed the determinants of FRs in non-occupationally exposed individuals based on surveys and questionnaire data. For this literature review, three databases (Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Knowledge) were searched by applying suitable terms, inclusion and exclusion criteria, producing a final selection of 78 articles for review. Based on these surveys there is epidemiological evidence for a significant association (p < 0.05) among human exposure and demographic factors, as well as a significant correlation between exposure to FRs and behavioural and environmental factors. Age, gender, housing characteristics, electrical and electronic equipment and mouthing behaviour (in children) play a leading role in human exposure to FRs as published studies demonstrated. However, the methodological differences among studies such as population size, questionnaire design and statistical analysis did not reveal a complete pattern of human exposure routes. Risk perception and communication are also discussed based on limited available data. Knowledge gaps and future perspectives relating to standardized protocols, elucidation of contamination sources, and risk response of health information from different target groups were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S Arvaniti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Olga-Ioanna Kalantzi
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilene, 81100, Greece.
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Chen W, Li T, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhao P, Hu J, Jin J. Distributions and biomagnification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in a grassland ecosystem food chain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141141. [PMID: 32777495 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations, distributions, and biomagnification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in environmental and biological media in a terrestrial grass ecosystem were studied, The total PBDE concentrations in grasses were 4.00 × 10-2 to 4.28 ng·g-1. The total PBDE concentration in weasel muscle (23.2 ng·g-1 l.w.) was the highest concentrations of all animal tissue samples, and the total PBDE concentration in hair from local herdsmen (22.2 ng·g-1 l.w.) was second highest. Less-brominated PBDEs were found to be more strongly biomagnified than more-brominated PBDEs in the grassland food web. PBDEs were found to be much more strongly biomagnified in the food chains of homothermic animals than heterothermic animals. More-brominated PBDEs were not markedly biomagnified in the grassland food web. For example, BDE-153 was not biomagnified in the grassland wildlife food chain but was clearly biomagnified through the sheep, cattle, or horse hair to human hair route. The biomagnification factors and log Kows negatively correlated for the toad-snake, lizard-snake, and mouse-weasel food chains. The ability of PBDE congeners to become enriched generally decreased as the log Kow increased, and this decrease occurred 100-1000 times more strongly for homothermic animals than heterothermic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, China
| | - Tianwei Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, China
| | - Huiting Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, China
| | - Pengyuan Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, China
| | - Jicheng Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, China
| | - Jun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, China.
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Messina CM, Espinosa Ruiz C, Regoli F, Manuguerra S, D'Agostino F, Avellone G, Sprovieri M, Santulli A. BDE-47 exposure modulates cellular responses, oxidative stress and biotransformation related-genes in Mytilus galloprovincialis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:537-546. [PMID: 33217565 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants, characterized by elevated stability in the marine environment, where are accumulated by organisms, inducing a wide panel of negative effects. In this study, some biochemical patterns related to toxicity, biotransformation and oxidative stress, were studied in the marine model system, Mytilus galloprovincialis, exposed to BDE-47. Mussels were fed with microalgae, previously treated with increasing concentrations of PBDEs (maximum dose 100 ng L-1 of BDE-47 per day). After 15 days of treatment, mussels were fed with the same diet without BDE-47, for additional 15 days. Gills and digestive glands were analyzed at T 0, at 15 and 30 days. Histopathological lesions were assessed in digestive glands of contaminated mussels, while expression of genes, related to cell cycle, multidrug resistance, oxidative stress and detoxification was evaluated on both gills and digestive glands. After 15 days, BDE-47 exposure significantly affected the cell activity in digestive gland and, at 30 days, only mussels exposed to the lower doses showed a certain recovery. Regarding the gene expression, both gills and digestive glands showed a significant down-regulation of the target genes at 15 days, although most of them were up-regulated at 30 days in digestive gland. The results on BDE-47 accumulation in mussels revealed a dose-dependent concentration in tissues, which remained elevated after further 15 days of depuration. This trend supports the responses of the biomarkers, indicating that exposure, at environmentally realistic concentrations of BDE-47, strongly modulates oxidative stress and related patterns of gene expression, suggesting concerns for long-term effect in the biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Maria Messina
- University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy; Istituto per lo studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (IAS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Capo Granitola, Trapani, Italy.
| | - Cristobal Espinosa Ruiz
- University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Manuguerra
- University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy
| | - Fabio D'Agostino
- Istituto per lo studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (IAS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Capo Granitola, Trapani, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Avellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Sprovieri
- Istituto per lo studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (IAS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Capo Granitola, Trapani, Italy
| | - Andrea Santulli
- University of Palermo, Dept. of Earth and Marine Science DISTEM, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy; Istituto per lo studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino (IAS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Capo Granitola, Trapani, Italy; Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Marine Biology Institute. Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Trapani, Italy
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46
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Cai K, Song Q, Yuan W, Ruan J, Duan H, Li Y, Li J. Human exposure to PBDEs in e-waste areas: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115634. [PMID: 33254638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are commonly added to electronic products for flame-retardation effects, and are attracting more and more attentions due to their potential toxicity, durability and bioaccumulation. This study conducts a sysmtematic review to understand the human exposure to PBDEs from e-waste recycling, especially exploring the exposure pathways and human burden of PBDEs as well as investigating the temporal trend of PBDEs exposure worldwide. The results show that the particular foods (contaminated fish, poultry, meat and breast milk) ingestion, indoor dust ingestion and indoor air inhalation may be key factors leading to human health risks of PBDEs exposure in e-waste recycling regions. Residents and some vulnerable groups (occupational workers and children) in e-waste recycling areas may face higher exposure levels and health risks. PBDE exposure is closely related to exposure level, exposure duration, e-waste recycling methods, and dietary customs. High levels of PBDEs are found in human tissues (breast milk, hair, blood (serum), placenta and other tissues) in e-waste areas, at far higher levels than in other areas. Existing data indicate that PBDE exposure levels do not present any apparent downward trend, and will possibly cause serious human diseases. More epidemiological studies are still needed to provide a solid basis for health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihan Cai
- Macau Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China; Macau Institute of Systems Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Qingbin Song
- Macau Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China.
| | - Wenyi Yuan
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, China
| | - Jujun Ruan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Huabo Duan
- College of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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47
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Shockley KR, Cora MC, Malarkey DE, Jackson-Humbles D, Vallant M, Collins BJ, Mutlu E, Robinson VG, Waidyanatha S, Zmarowski A, Machesky N, Richey J, Harbo S, Cheng E, Patton K, Sparrow B, Dunnick JK. Comparative toxicity and liver transcriptomics of legacy and emerging brominated flame retardants following 5-day exposure in the rat. Toxicol Lett 2020; 332:222-234. [PMID: 32679240 PMCID: PMC7903589 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The relative toxicity of three legacy and six emerging brominated flame retardants* was studied in the male Harlan Sprague Dawley rat. The hepatocellular and thyroid toxicity of each flame retardant was evaluated following five-day exposure to each of the nine flame retardants (oral gavage in corn oil) at 0.1-1000 μmol/kg body weight per day. Histopathology and transcriptomic analysis were performed on the left liver lobe. Centrilobular hypertrophy of hepatocytes and increases in liver weight were seen following exposure to two legacy (PBDE-47, HBCD) and to one emerging flame retardant (HCDBCO). Total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations were reduced to the greatest extent after PBDE-47 exposure. The PBDE-47, decaBDE, and HBCD liver transcriptomes were characterized by upregulation of liver disease-related and/or metabolic transcripts. Fewer liver disease or metabolic transcript changes were detected for the other flame retardants studied (TBB, TBPH, TBBPA-DBPE, BTBPE, DBDPE, or HCDBCO). PBDE-47 exhibited the most disruption of hepatocellular toxic endpoints, with the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway transcripts upregulated to the greatest extent, although some activation of this pathway also occurred after decaBDE, HBCD, TBB, and HCBCO exposure. These studies provide information that can be used for prioritizing the need for more in-depth brominated flame retardant toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith R Shockley
- Biostatistics & Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Michelle C Cora
- Cellular & Molecular Pathology Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - David E Malarkey
- Cellular & Molecular Pathology Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Daven Jackson-Humbles
- Cellular & Molecular Pathology Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Molly Vallant
- Program Operations Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Brad J Collins
- Program Operations Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Esra Mutlu
- Program Operations Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Veronica G Robinson
- Program Operations Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | - Surayma Waidyanatha
- Program Operations Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States
| | | | | | | | - Sam Harbo
- Battelle, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
| | - Emily Cheng
- Battelle, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States
| | | | | | - June K Dunnick
- Toxicology Branch, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, United States.
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48
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Śmiełowska M, Zabiegała B. Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations in dust from various indoor environments in Gdańsk, Poland: Prediction of concentrations in indoor air and assessment of exposure of adults. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 734:139437. [PMID: 32450403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Śmiełowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Bożena Zabiegała
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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49
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Zhou Z, Jian X, Zhou B, Lu K, Wang Y. Changes in the immune function of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) provide insights into strategies against BDE-47 stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122212. [PMID: 32078968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are ubiquitous in marine ecosystems and have been suggested to bioaccumulate in aquatic food webs, with potentially negative impacts on marine organism. In this study, a 21-day experiment was performed under controlled laboratory conditions, in which 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), the most biotoxic PBDE in the marine environment, was fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at concentrations of 50 and 500 ng g-1 in the diet. BDE-47 significantly decreased the specific growth rate of O. mykiss and was highly concentrated in the liver and head kidney, as evidenced by increased bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values. Tissue observation revealed impairment of the microstructure of the head kidney. Important immune factors in the skin, blood and head kidney were significantly inhibited by BDE-47 treatment (p < 0.05), whereas the respiratory burst activity of macrophages was enhanced. Additionally, immune-related genes were strongly downregulated following BDE-47 exposure (p < 0.05). In a bacterial challenge, the treatment groups had much higher mortality than did the control group (p < 0.05). BDE-47 accumulated and impaired immune organs, and the hierarchy of immune responses was impaired, consequently reducing O. mykiss resistance to pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Zhou
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jian
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Centre, State Oceanic Administration, Fushun Road 22, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Keyu Lu
- Department of Geography, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - You Wang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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50
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Interaction of Environmental Pollutants with Microplastics: A Critical Review of Sorption Factors, Bioaccumulation and Ecotoxicological Effects. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8020040. [PMID: 32498316 PMCID: PMC7355763 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have become one of the leading environmental threats due to their persistence, ubiquity and intrinsic toxic potential. The potential harm that microplastics impose on ecosystems varies from direct effects (i.e., entanglement and ingestion) to their ability to sorb a diversity of environmental pollutants (e.g., heavy metals, persistent organic compounds or pharmaceuticals). Therefore, the toxicological assessment of the combined effects of microplastics and sorbed pollutants can produce in biota is one of the hottest topics on the environmental toxicology field. This review aims to clarify the main impacts that this interaction could have on ecosystems by (1) highlighting the principal factors that influence the microplastics sorption capacities; (2) discussing the potential scenarios in which microplastics may have an essential role on the bioaccumulation and transfer of chemicals; and (3) reviewing the recently published studies describing toxicological effects caused by the combination of microplastics and their sorbed chemicals. Finally, a discussion regarding the need for a new generation of toxicological studies is presented.
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