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Wu Z, Wu D, Zhong Q, Zou X, Liu Z, Long H, Wei J, Li X, Dai F. The role of zyxin in signal transduction and its relationship with diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1371549. [PMID: 38712343 PMCID: PMC11070705 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1371549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This review highlighted the pivotal role of zyxin, an essential cell focal adhesions protein, in cellular biology and various diseases. Zyxin can orchestrate the restructuring and dynamic alterations of the cellular cytoskeleton, which is involved in cell proliferation, adhesion, motility, and gene transcription. Aberrant zyxin expression is closely correlated with tumor cell activity and cardiac function in both tumorigenesis and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, in fibrotic and inflammatory conditions, zyxin can modulate cellular functions and inflammatory responses. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of zyxin is crucial for deciphering signal transduction networks and disease pathogenesis. Investigating its role in diseases holds promise for novel avenues in early diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, targeting zyxin as a therapeutic focal point presents challenges in terms of specificity, safety, drug delivery, and resistance. Nonetheless, in-depth studies on zyxin and the application of precision medicine could offer new possibilities for personalized treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelan Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Daiqin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qin Zhong
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue Zou
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhongjing Liu
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hehua Long
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xia Li
- Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fangjie Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Healy MD, Collins BM. The PDLIM family of actin-associated proteins and their emerging role in membrane trafficking. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:2005-2016. [PMID: 38095060 PMCID: PMC10754285 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The PDZ and LIM domain (PDLIM) proteins are associated with the actin cytoskeleton and have conserved in roles in metazoan actin organisation and function. They primarily function as scaffolds linking various proteins to actin and its binding partner α-actinin via two conserved domains; an N-terminal postsynaptic density 95, discs large and zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) domain, and either single or multiple C-terminal LIN-11, Isl-1 and MEC-3 (LIM) domains in the actinin-associated LIM protein (ALP)- and Enigma-related proteins, respectively. While their role in actin organisation, such as in stress fibres or in the Z-disc of muscle fibres is well known, emerging evidence also suggests a role in actin-dependent membrane trafficking in the endosomal system. This is mediated by a recently identified interaction with the sorting nexin 17 (SNX17) protein, an adaptor for the trafficking complex Commander which is itself intimately linked to actin-directed formation of endosomal recycling domains. In this review we focus on the currently understood structural basis for PDLIM function. The PDZ domains mediate direct binding to distinct classes of PDZ-binding motifs (PDZbms), including α-actinin and other actin-associated proteins, and a highly specific interaction with the type III PDZbm such as the one found in the C-terminus of SNX17. The structures of the LIM domains are less well characterised and how they engage with their ligands is completely unknown. Despite the lack of experimental structural data, we find that recently developed machine learning-based structure prediction methods provide insights into their potential interactions and provide a template for further studies of their molecular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Healy
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Brett M. Collins
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Choi TJ, Han SM, Malik A, Kim CB. Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:580. [PMID: 37784038 PMCID: PMC10544471 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial adaptive mechanism that enables organisms to modify their traits in response to changes in their environment. Predator-induced defenses are an example of phenotypic plasticity observed across a wide range of organisms, from single-celled organisms to vertebrates. In addition to morphology and behavior, these responses also affect life-history traits. The crustacean Daphnia galeata is a suitable model organism for studying predator-induced defenses, as it exhibits life-history traits changes under predation risk. To get a better overview of their phenotypic plasticity under predation stress, we conducted RNA sequencing on the transcriptomes of two Korean Daphnia galeata genotypes, KE1, and KB11, collected in the same environment. RESULTS When exposed to fish kairomones, the two genotypes exhibited phenotypic variations related to reproduction and growth, with opposite patterns in growth-related phenotypic variation. From both genotypes, a total of 135,611 unigenes were analyzed, of which 194 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were shared among the two genotypes under predation stress, which showed consistent, or inconsistent expression patterns in both genotypes. Prominent DETs were related to digestion and reproduction and consistently up-regulated in both genotypes, thus associated with changes in life-history traits. Among the inconsistent DETs, transcripts encode vinculin (VINC) and protein obstructor-E (OBST-E), which are associated with growth; these may explain the differences in life-history traits between the two genotypes. In addition, genotype-specific DETs could explain the variation in growth-related life-history traits between genotypes, and could be associated with the increased body length of genotype KE1. CONCLUSIONS The current study allows for a better understanding of the adaptation mechanisms related to reproduction and growth of two Korean D. galeata genotypes induced by predation stress. However, further research is necessary to better understand the specific mechanisms by which the uncovered DETs are related with the observed phenotypic variation in each genotype. In the future, we aim to unravel the precise adaptive mechanisms underlying predator-induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-June Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Adeel Malik
- Institute of Intelligence Informatics Technology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bae Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Gu B, Parkes T, Rabanal F, Smith C, Lu FH, McKenzie N, Dong H, Weigel D, Jones JDG, Cevik V, Bevan MW. The integrated LIM-peptidase domain of the CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 paired immune receptor detects changes in DA1 peptidase inhibitors in Arabidopsis. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:949-961.e5. [PMID: 37167970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
White blister rust, caused by the oomycete Albugo candida, is a widespread disease of Brassica crops. The Brassica relative Arabidopsis thaliana uses the paired immune receptor complex CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 to resist Albugo infection. The CHS3/DAR4 sensor NLR, which functions together with its partner, the helper NLR CSA1, carries an integrated domain (ID) with homology to DA1 peptidases. Using domain swaps with several DA1 homologs, we show that the LIM-peptidase domain of the family member CHS3/DAR4 functions as an integrated decoy for the family member DAR3, which interacts with and inhibits the peptidase activities of the three closely related peptidases DA1, DAR1, and DAR2. Albugo infection rapidly lowers DAR3 levels and activates DA1 peptidase activity, thereby promoting endoreduplication of host tissues to support pathogen growth. We propose that the paired immune receptor CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 detects the actions of a putative Albugo effector that reduces DAR3 levels, resulting in defense activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benguo Gu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Toby Parkes
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Fernando Rabanal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Smith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Fu-Hao Lu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Neil McKenzie
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan D G Jones
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
| | - Volkan Cevik
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Michael W Bevan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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Weichert-Leahey N, Shi H, Tao T, Oldridge DA, Durbin AD, Abraham BJ, Zimmerman MW, Zhu S, Wood AC, Reyon D, Joung JK, Young RA, Diskin SJ, Maris JM, Look AT. Genetic predisposition to neuroblastoma results from a regulatory polymorphism that promotes the adrenergic cell state. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e166919. [PMID: 37183825 PMCID: PMC10178836 DOI: 10.1172/jci166919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood neuroblastomas exhibit plasticity between an undifferentiated neural crest-like mesenchymal cell state and a more differentiated sympathetic adrenergic cell state. These cell states are governed by autoregulatory transcriptional loops called core regulatory circuitries (CRCs), which drive the early development of sympathetic neuronal progenitors from migratory neural crest cells during embryogenesis. The adrenergic cell identity of neuroblastoma requires LMO1 as a transcriptional cofactor. Both LMO1 expression levels and the risk of developing neuroblastoma in children are associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism, G/T, that affects a GATA motif in the first intron of LMO1. Here, we showed that WT zebrafish with the GATA genotype developed adrenergic neuroblastoma, while knock-in of the protective TATA allele at this locus reduced the penetrance of MYCN-driven tumors, which were restricted to the mesenchymal cell state. Whole genome sequencing of childhood neuroblastomas demonstrated that TATA/TATA tumors also exhibited a mesenchymal cell state and were low risk at diagnosis. Thus, conversion of the regulatory GATA to a TATA allele in the first intron of LMO1 reduced the neuroblastoma-initiation rate by preventing formation of the adrenergic cell state. This mechanism was conserved over 400 million years of evolution, separating zebrafish and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Weichert-Leahey
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Tao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Derek A. Oldridge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam D. Durbin
- Department of Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brian J. Abraham
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mark W. Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shizhen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew C. Wood
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Deepak Reyon
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J. Keith Joung
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard A. Young
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Biology Department, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sharon J. Diskin
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John M. Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - A. Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zhang J, Yang Y, Li X, Li G, Mizukami T, Liu Y, Wang Y, Xu G, Roder H, Zhang L, Yang ZJ. PDLIM3 supports hedgehog signaling in medulloblastoma by facilitating cilia formation. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1198-1210. [PMID: 36813922 PMCID: PMC10154305 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of PDLIM3 expression are frequently detected in sonic hedgehog (SHH) group of medulloblastoma (MB). However, the possible role of PDLIM3 in MB tumorigenesis is still unknown. Here, we found that PDLIM3 expression is necessary for hedgehog (Hh) pathway activation in MB cells. PDLIM3 is present in primary cilia of MB cells and fibroblasts, and such cilia localization is mediated by the PDZ domain of PDLIM3 protein. Deletion of PDLIM3 significantly compromised cilia formation and interfered the Hh signaling transduction in MB cells, suggesting that PDLIM3 promotes the Hh signaling through supporting the ciliogenesis. PDLIM3 protein physically interacts with cholesterol, a critical molecule for cilia formation and hedgehog signaling. The disruption of cilia formation and Hh signaling in PDLIM3 null MB cells or fibroblasts, was significantly rescued by treatment with exogenous cholesterol, demonstrating that PDLIM3 facilitates the ciliogenesis through cholesterol provision. Finally, deletion of PDLIM3 in MB cells significantly inhibited their proliferation and repressed tumor growth, suggesting that PDLIM3 is necessary for MB tumorigenesis. Our studies elucidate the critical functions of PDLIM3 in the ciliogenesis and Hh signaling transduction in SHH-MB cells, supporting to utilize PDLIM3 as a molecular marker for defining SHH group of MB in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yijun Yang
- Cell Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xinhua Li
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gen Li
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Takuya Mizukami
- Molecular Therapeutic Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Heinrich Roder
- Molecular Therapeutic Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Pediatric Cancer Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zeng-Jie Yang
- Cell Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Tang H, Liu S, Luo X, Sun Y, Li X, Luo K, Liao S, Li F, Liang J, Zhan X, Wei Q, Liu Y, He M. A novel molecular signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in osteosarcoma based on tumor-infiltrating cell marker genes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1150588. [PMID: 37090691 PMCID: PMC10117669 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundTumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), the main component in the tumor microenvironment, play a critical role in the antitumor immune response. Few studies have developed a prognostic model based on TILs in osteosarcoma.MethodsScRNA-seq data was obtained from our previous research and bulk RNA transcriptome data was from TARGET database. WGCNA was used to obtain the immune-related gene modules. Subsequently, we applied LASSO regression analysis and SVM algorithm to construct a prognostic model based on TILs marker genes. What’s more, the prognostic model was verified by external datasets and experiment in vitro. ResultsEleven cell clusters and 2044 TILs marker genes were identified. WGCNA results showed that 545 TILs marker genes were the most strongly related with immune. Subsequently, a risk model including 5 genes was developed. We found that the survival rate was higher in the low-risk group and the risk model could be used as an independent prognostic factor. Meanwhile, high-risk patients had a lower abundance of immune cell infiltration and many immune checkpoint genes were highly expressed in the low-risk group. The prognostic model was also demonstrated to be a good predictive capacity in external datasets. The result of RT-qPCR indicated that these 5 genes have differential expression which accorded with the predicting outcomes.ConclusionsThis study developed a new molecular signature based on TILs marker genes, which is very effective in predicting OS prognosis and immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Tang
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shangyu Liu
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiangde Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shijie Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Feicui Li
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiming Liang
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingjun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Maolin He, ; Yun Liu,
| | - Maolin He
- Department of Spine and Osteopathic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Maolin He, ; Yun Liu,
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Kent MR, Calderon D, Silvius KM, Kucinski JP, LaVigne CA, Cannon MV, Kendall GC. Zebrafish her3 knockout impacts developmental and cancer-related gene signatures. Dev Biol 2023; 496:1-14. [PMID: 36696714 PMCID: PMC10054701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
HES3 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that regulates neural stem cell renewal during development. HES3 overexpression is predictive of reduced overall survival in patients with fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma, a pediatric cancer that resembles immature and undifferentiated skeletal muscle. However, the mechanisms of HES3 cooperation in fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma are unclear and are likely related to her3/HES3's role in neurogenesis. To investigate HES3's function during development, we generated a zebrafish CRISPR/Cas9 null mutation of her3, the zebrafish ortholog of HES3. Loss of her3 is not embryonic lethal and adults exhibit expected Mendelian ratios. Embryonic her3 zebrafish mutants exhibit dysregulated neurog1 expression, a her3 target gene, and the mutant her3 fails to bind the neurog1 promoter sequence. Further, her3 mutants are significantly smaller than wildtype and a subset present with lens defects as adults. Transcriptomic analysis of her3 mutant embryos indicates that genes involved in organ development, such as pctp and grinab, are significantly downregulated. Further, differentially expressed genes in her3 null mutant embryos are enriched for Hox and Sox10 motifs. Several cancer-related gene pathways are impacted, including the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases. Altogether, this new model is a powerful system to study her3/HES3-mediated neural development and its misappropriation in cancer contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kent
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Delia Calderon
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA; Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Ph.D. Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Katherine M Silvius
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Jack P Kucinski
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA; Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Ph.D. Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Collette A LaVigne
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Matthew V Cannon
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Genevieve C Kendall
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA; Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Ph.D. Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
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Weichert-Leahey N, Shi H, Tao T, Oldridge DA, Durbin AD, Abraham BJ, Zimmerman MW, Zhu S, Wood AC, Reyon D, Joung JK, Young RA, Diskin SJ, Maris JM, Look AT. Genetic Predisposition to Neuroblastoma Results from a Regulatory Polymorphism that Promotes the Adrenergic Cell State. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.28.530457. [PMID: 36909587 PMCID: PMC10002714 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.28.530457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Childhood neuroblastomas exhibit plasticity between an undifferentiated neural crest-like "mesenchymal" cell state and a more differentiated sympathetic "adrenergic" cell state. These cell states are governed by autoregulatory transcriptional loops called core regulatory circuitries (CRCs), which drive the early development of sympathetic neuronal progenitors from migratory neural crest cells during embryogenesis. The adrenergic cell identity of neuroblastoma requires LMO1 as a transcriptional co-factor. Both LMO1 expression levels and the risk of developing neuroblastoma in children are associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism G/T that affects a G ATA motif in the first intron of LMO1. Here we show that wild-type zebrafish with the G ATA genotype develop adrenergic neuroblastoma, while knock-in of the protective T ATA allele at this locus reduces the penetrance of MYCN-driven tumors, which are restricted to the mesenchymal cell state. Whole genome sequencing of childhood neuroblastomas demonstrates that T ATA/ T ATA tumors also exhibit a mesenchymal cell state and are low risk at diagnosis. Thus, conversion of the regulatory G ATA to a T ATA allele in the first intron of LMO1 reduces the neuroblastoma initiation rate by preventing formation of the adrenergic cell state, a mechanism that is conserved over 400 million years of evolution separating zebrafish and humans.
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10
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Yuan Q, Sun X, Lu R, Qu Z, Ding X, Dai T, Qiu J, Tan Y, Zhu R, Pan Z, Xu S, Sima Y. The LIM Domain Protein BmFHL2 Inhibits Egg Production in Female Silkworm, Bombyx mori. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030452. [PMID: 36766794 PMCID: PMC9913792 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The female Bombyx mori accumulates a large amount of egg proteins, mainly Vg and 30K, during egg formation to provide nutrition for embryo development. The synthesis and transport of Vg have been extensively studied, particularly the regulation of Vg transcription induced by 20E; however, the mechanism of 30K protein synthesis is poorly studied. As a model organism of the order Lepidoptera, B. mori has high reproduction potential. In the present study, we found that the FHL2 homologous gene (BmFhl2) in B. mori is involved in inhibiting female egg formation by influencing the synthesis of 30K protein. Interference of BmFhl2 expression in silkworm females increased 30K protein synthesis, accelerated ovarian development, and significantly increased the number of eggs produced and laid; however, the 20E pathway was inhibited. The transcription levels of Vg and 30Kc19 were significantly downregulated following BmFhl2 overexpression in the silkworm ovarian cell line BmN. The Co-IP assay showed that the potential binding protein of BmFHL2 included three types of 30K proteins (30Kc12, 30Kc19, and 30Kc21). These results indicate that BmFHL2 participates in egg formation by affecting 30K protein in female B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yuan
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoning Sun
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Riming Lu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Qu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xueyan Ding
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Taiming Dai
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yumei Tan
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ruihong Zhu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhonghua Pan
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shiqing Xu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanghu Sima
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-6201-8502
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11
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The Role of Bromodomain and Extraterminal (BET) Proteins in Controlling the Phagocytic Activity of Microglia In Vitro: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010013. [PMID: 36613460 PMCID: PMC9820364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The correct phagocytic activity of microglia is a prerequisite for maintaining homeostasis in the brain. In the analysis of mechanisms regulating microglial phagocytosis, we focused on the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins: Brd2, Brd3, and Brd4, the acetylation code readers that control gene expression in cooperation with transcription factors. We used pharmacological (JQ1) and genetic (siRNA) inhibition of BET proteins in murine microglial cell line BV2. Inhibition of BET proteins reduced the phagocytic activity of BV2, as determined by using a fluorescent microspheres-based assay and fluorescently labelled amyloid-beta peptides. Gene silencing experiments demonstrated that all brain-existing BET isoforms control phagocytosis in microglia. From a set of 84 phagocytosis-related genes, we have found the attenuation of the expression of 14: Siglec1, Sirpb1a, Cd36, Clec7a, Itgam, Tlr3, Fcgr1, Cd14, Marco, Pld1, Fcgr2b, Anxa1, Tnf, Nod1, upon BET inhibition. Further analysis of the mRNA level of other phagocytosis-related genes which were involved in the pathomechanism of Alzheimer's disease demonstrated that JQ1 significantly reduced the expression of Cd33, Trem2, and Zyx. Our results indicate the important role of BET proteins in controlling microglial phagocytosis; therefore, targeting BET may be the efficient method of modulating microglial activity.
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Mulenga A, Radulovic Z, Porter L, Britten TH, Kim TK, Tirloni L, Gaithuma AK, Adeniyi-Ipadeola GO, Dietrich JK, Moresco JJ, Yates JR. Identification and characterization of proteins that form the inner core Ixodes scapularis tick attachment cement layer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21300. [PMID: 36494396 PMCID: PMC9734129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ixodes scapularis long-term blood feeding behavior is facilitated by a tick secreted bio adhesive (tick cement) that attaches tick mouthparts to skin tissue and prevents the host from dislodging the attached tick. Understanding tick cement formation is highly sought after as its disruption will prevent tick feeding. This study describes proteins that form the inner core layer of I. scapularis tick cement as disrupting these proteins will likely stop formation of the outer cortical layer. The inner core cement layer completes formation by 24 h of tick attachment. Thus, we used laser-capture microdissection to isolate cement from cryosections of 6 h and 24 h tick attachment sites and to distinguish between early and late inner core cement proteins. LC-MS/MS analysis identified 138 tick cement proteins (TCPs) of which 37 and 35 were unique in cement of 6 and 24 h attached ticks respectively. We grouped TCPs in 14 functional categories: cuticular protein (16%), tick specific proteins of unknown function, cytoskeletal proteins, and enzymes (13% each), enzymes (10%), antioxidant, glycine rich, scaffolding, heat shock, histone, histamine binding, proteases and protease inhibitors, and miscellaneous (3-6% each). Gene ontology analysis confirm that TCPs are enriched for bio adhesive properties. Our data offer insights into tick cement bonding patterns and set the foundation for understanding the molecular basis of I. scapularis tick cement formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Mulenga
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Zeljko Radulovic
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.264303.00000 0001 0754 4420Present Address: Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX USA
| | - Lindsay Porter
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.264303.00000 0001 0754 4420Present Address: Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX USA
| | - Taylor Hollman Britten
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Tae Kwon Kim
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Present Address: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Lucas Tirloni
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Present Address: Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT USA
| | - Alex Kiarie Gaithuma
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Grace O. Adeniyi-Ipadeola
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XPresent Address: Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jolene K. Dietrich
- grid.214007.00000000122199231Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA ,grid.250671.70000 0001 0662 7144Mass Spectrometry Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - James J. Moresco
- grid.214007.00000000122199231Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA ,grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Present Address: Center for Genetics of Host Defense, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - John R. Yates
- grid.214007.00000000122199231Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA
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13
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Vasileva AN, Aleshina OA, Biderman BV, Sudarikov AB. Molecular genetic abnormalities in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a literature review. ONCOHEMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.17650/1818-8346-2022-17-4-166-176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological disease. Modern polychemotherapy protocols allow achieving a 5-year overall survival of 60–90 % in different age groups, however, relapses and refractory forms of T-ALL remain incurable. Over the past decades, the pathogenesis of this variant of leukemia has been studied in many trials, and it has been found that various signaling pathways are involved in the multi-step process of leukemogenesis. This opens the way for targeted therapy.In this review, we provide an update on the pathogenesis of T-ALL, opportunities for introducing targeted therapies, and issues that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Vasileva
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - O. A. Aleshina
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - B. V. Biderman
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - A. B. Sudarikov
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia
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14
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Bollier N, Gonzalez N, Chevalier C, Hernould M. Zinc Finger-Homeodomain and Mini Zinc Finger proteins are key players in plant growth and responses to environmental stresses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4662-4673. [PMID: 35536651 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ZINC FINGER-HOMEODOMAIN (ZHD) protein family is a plant-specific family of transcription factors containing two conserved motifs: a non-canonical C5H3 zinc finger domain (ZF) and a DNA-binding homeodomain (HD). The MINI ZINC FINGER (MIF) proteins belong to this family, but were possibly derived from the ZHDs by losing the HD. Information regarding the function of ZHD and MIF proteins is scarce. However, different studies have shown that ZHD/MIF proteins play important roles not only in plant growth and development, but also in response to environmental stresses, including drought and pathogen attack. Here we review recent advances relative to ZHD/MIF functions in multiple species, to provide new insights into the diverse roles of these transcription factors in plants. Their mechanism of action in relation to their ability to interact with other proteins and DNA is also discussed. We then propose directions for future studies to understand better their important roles and pinpoint strategies for potential applications in crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Bollier
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Gonzalez
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christian Chevalier
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Michel Hernould
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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15
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Silencing of a Cotton Actin-Binding Protein GhWLIM1C Decreases Resistance against Verticillium dahliae Infection. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141828. [PMID: 35890462 PMCID: PMC9316592 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
LIM proteins are widely spread in various types of plant cells and play diversely crucial cellular roles through actin cytoskeleton assembly and gene expression regulation. Till now, it has not been clear whether LIM proteins function in plant pathogen defense. In this study, we characterized a LIM protein, GhWLIM1C, in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). We found that GhWLIM1C could bind and bundle the actin cytoskeleton, and it contains two LIM domains (LIM1 and LIM2). Both the two domains could bind directly to the actin filaments. Moreover, the LIM2 domain additionally bundles the actin cytoskeleton, indicating that it possesses a different biochemical activity than LIM1. The expression of GhWLIM1C responds to the infection of the cotton fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae (V. dahliae). Silencing of GhWLIM1C decreased cotton resistance to V. dahliae. These may be associated with the down regulated plant defense response, including the PR genes expression and ROS accumulation in the infected cotton plants. In all, these results provide new evidence that a plant LIM protein functions in plant pathogen resistance and the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton are closely related to the triggering of the plant defense response.
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16
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Popay TM, Dixon JR. Coming full circle: on the origin and evolution of the looping model for enhancer-promoter communication. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102117. [PMID: 35691341 PMCID: PMC9283939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian organisms, enhancers can regulate transcription from great genomic distances. How enhancers affect distal gene expression has been a major question in the field of gene regulation. One model to explain how enhancers communicate with their target promoters, the chromatin looping model, posits that enhancers and promoters come in close spatial proximity to mediate communication. Chromatin looping has been broadly accepted as a means for enhancer–promoter communication, driven by accumulating in vitro and in vivo evidence. The genome is now known to be folded into a complex 3D arrangement, created and maintained in part by the interplay of the Cohesin complex and the DNA-binding protein CTCF. In the last few years, however, doubt over the relationship between looping and transcriptional activation has emerged, driven by studies finding that only a modest number of genes are perturbed with acute degradation of looping machinery components. In parallel, newer models describing distal enhancer action have also come to prominence. In this article, we explore the emergence and development of the looping model as a means for enhancer–promoter communication and review the contrasting evidence between historical gene-specific and current global data for the role of chromatin looping in transcriptional regulation. We also discuss evidence for alternative models to chromatin looping and their support in the literature. We suggest that, while there is abundant evidence for chromatin looping as a major mechanism for enhancer function, enhancer–promoter communication is likely mediated by more than one mechanism in an enhancer- and context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa M Popay
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jesse R Dixon
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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17
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Leung RF, George AM, Roussel EM, Faux MC, Wigle JT, Eisenstat DD. Genetic Regulation of Vertebrate Forebrain Development by Homeobox Genes. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:843794. [PMID: 35546872 PMCID: PMC9081933 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.843794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Forebrain development in vertebrates is regulated by transcription factors encoded by homeobox, bHLH and forkhead gene families throughout the progressive and overlapping stages of neural induction and patterning, regional specification and generation of neurons and glia from central nervous system (CNS) progenitor cells. Moreover, cell fate decisions, differentiation and migration of these committed CNS progenitors are controlled by the gene regulatory networks that are regulated by various homeodomain-containing transcription factors, including but not limited to those of the Pax (paired), Nkx, Otx (orthodenticle), Gsx/Gsh (genetic screened), and Dlx (distal-less) homeobox gene families. This comprehensive review outlines the integral role of key homeobox transcription factors and their target genes on forebrain development, focused primarily on the telencephalon. Furthermore, links of these transcription factors to human diseases, such as neurodevelopmental disorders and brain tumors are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan F. Leung
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ankita M. George
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Enola M. Roussel
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Maree C. Faux
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeffrey T. Wigle
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - David D. Eisenstat
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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18
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Gao L, Wu J, Wang H, Yang Y, Zheng Z, Ni B, Wang X, Peng Y, Li Y. LMO1 Plays an Oncogenic Role in Human Glioma Associated With NF-kB Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:770299. [PMID: 35280742 PMCID: PMC8907846 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.770299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LIM domain only protein1(LMO1), a nuclear transcription coregulator, is implicated in the pathogenesis of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and neuroblastoma. However, the clinical significance and potential mechanism of LMO1 in human gliomas remain to be determined. Methods In this study, expression level data and clinical information were obtained via three databases. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to predict outcomes for glioma patients. In vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the function of LMO1 in human glioma. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), RNA-seq and western blot were used to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. A prognostic model was built for predicting the overall survival(OS) of human glioma patients. Results High LMO1 expression was associated with a high tumor grade and a poor prognosis in patients. High levels of LMO1 mRNA were correlated with poor prognosis in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type (wt) and 1p/19q non-codeletion gliomas. Gene silencing of LMO1 significantly inhibited tumor growth, invasion and migration in vitro. In contrast, LMO1 over-expression promoted tumor growth, invasion and migration. Mechanically, LMO1 may positively regulate the level of NGFR mRNA and protein. NGFR mediated the regulation between LMO1 and NF-kB activation. Consistently, the nude mice study further confirmed that knockdown of LMO1 blocked tumor growth via NGFR-NF-kB axis. Finally, The nomogram based on the LMO1 signature for overall survival (OS) prediction in human glioma patients exhibited good performance in the individual mortality risk. Conclusion This study provides new insights and evidences that high level expression of LMO1 is significantly correlated with progression and prognosis in human gliomas. LMO1 played a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression. The present study first investigated the LMO1–NGFR–NF-kB axis regulate cell growth and invasion in human glioma cells, whereby targeting this pathway may be a therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyu Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongliao Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiran Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaomin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Dutta P, Bharti P, Kumar J, Maiti S. Role of actin cytoskeleton in the organization and function of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Curr Res Struct Biol 2021; 3:277-289. [PMID: 34766008 PMCID: PMC8569634 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural networks with precise connection are compulsory for learning and memory. Various cellular events occur during the genesis of dendritic spines to their maturation, synapse formation, stabilization of the synapse, and proper signal transmission. The cortical actin cytoskeleton and its multiple regulatory proteins are crucial for the above cellular events. The different types of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) present on the postsynaptic density (PSD) are also essential for learning and memory. Interaction of the iGluRs in association of their auxiliary proteins with actin cytoskeleton regulated by actin-binding proteins (ABPs) are required for precise long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). There has been a quest to understand the mechanistic detail of synapse function involving these receptors with dynamic actin cytoskeleton. A major, emerging area of investigation is the relationship between ABPs and iGluRs in synapse development. In this review we have summarized the current understanding of iGluRs functioning with respect to the actin cytoskeleton, scaffolding proteins, and their regulators. The AMPA, NMDA, Delta and Kainate receptors need the stable underlying actin cytoskeleton to anchor through synaptic proteins for precise synapse formation. The different types of ABPs present in neurons play a critical role in dynamizing/stabilizing the actin cytoskeleton needed for iGluRs function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dutta
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Pratibha Bharti
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Janesh Kumar
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Sankar Maiti
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, 741246, India
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20
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Habibe JJ, Clemente-Olivo MP, de Vries CJ. How (Epi)Genetic Regulation of the LIM-Domain Protein FHL2 Impacts Multifactorial Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102611. [PMID: 34685595 PMCID: PMC8534169 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility to complex pathological conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is highly variable among individuals and arises from specific changes in gene expression in combination with external factors. The regulation of gene expression is determined by genetic variation (SNPs) and epigenetic marks that are influenced by environmental factors. Aging is a major risk factor for many multifactorial diseases and is increasingly associated with changes in DNA methylation, leading to differences in gene expression. Four and a half LIM domains 2 (FHL2) is a key regulator of intracellular signal transduction pathways and the FHL2 gene is consistently found as one of the top hyper-methylated genes upon aging. Remarkably, FHL2 expression increases with methylation. This was demonstrated in relevant metabolic tissues: white adipose tissue, pancreatic β-cells, and skeletal muscle. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on regulation of FHL2 by genetic variation and epigenetic DNA modification, and the potential consequences for age-related complex multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayron J. Habibe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, and Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.H.); (M.P.C.-O.)
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria P. Clemente-Olivo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, and Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.H.); (M.P.C.-O.)
| | - Carlie J. de Vries
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, and Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.H.); (M.P.C.-O.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Guo ZS, Qu Z. PDLIM2: Signaling pathways and functions in cancer suppression and host immunity. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188630. [PMID: 34571051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PDZ and LIM domains-containing proteins play pivotal functions in cell cytoskeleton organization, cell polarization and differentiation. As a key member of the family, PDLIM2 regulates stability and activity of transcription factors such as NF-κB, STATs and β-catenin, and thus exert it functions in inflammation, immunity, and cancer. PDLIM2 functions as a tumor suppressor in multiple tissues and it is often genetically mutated or epigenetically silenced in human cancers derived from lung, breast, ovarian and other histologies. However, in certain types of cancers, PDLIM2 may promote cancer cell proliferation and metastases. Therefore, PDLIM2 is added to a long list of genes that can function as tumor suppressor or oncogenic protein. During tumorigenesis induced by oncogenic viruses, PDLIM2 is a key target. Through promotion of NF-κB/RelA and STAT3 degradation, PDLIM2 enhances expression of proteins involved in antigen presentation and promotes T-cell activation while repressing multidrug resistance genes, thereby rendering mutated cells susceptible to immune surveillance and cytotoxicity mediated by immune cells and chemotherapeutic drugs. Intriguingly, PDLIM2 in alveolar macrophages (AMs) plays key roles in monitoring lung tumorigenesis, as its selective genetic deletion leads to constitutive activation of STAT3, driving monocyte differentiation to AMs with pro-tumorigenic polarization and activation. PDLIM2 has also been explored as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy. At the end of this review, we provide perspectives on this important molecule and discuss the future directions of both basic and translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong Sheng Guo
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Zhaoxia Qu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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22
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Längst N, Adler J, Schweigert O, Kleusberg F, Cruz Santos M, Knauer A, Sausbier M, Zeller T, Ruth P, Lukowski R. Cyclic GMP-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone and Blood Pressure Involves Cysteine-Rich LIM-Only Protein 4 (CRP4). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9925. [PMID: 34576086 PMCID: PMC8466836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4 (CRP4), a LIM-domain and zinc finger containing adapter protein, has been implicated as a downstream effector of the second messenger 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway in multiple cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMCs and nitric oxide (NO)-induced cGMP signaling through cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I (cGKI) play fundamental roles in the physiological regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure (BP). However, it remains unclear whether the vasorelaxant actions attributed to the NO/cGMP axis require CRP4. This study uses mice with a targeted deletion of the CRP4 gene (CRP4 KO) to elucidate whether cGMP-elevating agents, which are well known for their vasorelaxant properties, affect vessel tone, and thus, BP through CRP4. Cinaciguat, a NO- and heme-independent activator of the NO-sensitive (soluble) guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) and NO-releasing agents, relaxed both CRP4-proficient and -deficient aortic ring segments pre-contracted with prostaglandin F2α. However, the magnitude of relaxation was slightly, but significantly, increased in vessels lacking CRP4. Accordingly, CRP4 KO mice presented with hypotonia at baseline, as well as a greater drop in systolic BP in response to the acute administration of cinaciguat, sodium nitroprusside, and carbachol. Mechanistically, loss of CRP4 in VSMCs reduced the Ca2+-sensitivity of the contractile apparatus, possibly involving regulatory proteins, such as myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) and the regulatory light chain of myosin (RLC). In conclusion, the present findings confirm that the adapter protein CRP4 interacts with the NO-GC/cGMP/cGKI pathway in the vasculature. CRP4 seems to be part of a negative feedback loop that eventually fine-tunes the NO-GC/cGMP axis in VSMCs to increase myofilament Ca2+ desensitization and thereby the maximal vasorelaxant effects attained by (selected) cGMP-elevating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Längst
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Julia Adler
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Olga Schweigert
- Cardiovascular Systems Medicine and Molecular Translation, University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.S.); (T.Z.)
- DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felicia Kleusberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Melanie Cruz Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Amelie Knauer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthias Sausbier
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Cardiovascular Systems Medicine and Molecular Translation, University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (O.S.); (T.Z.)
- DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.L.); (J.A.); (F.K.); (M.C.S.); (A.K.); (M.S.)
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Singh N, Singh D, Modi D. LIM Homeodomain (LIM-HD) Genes and Their Co-Regulators in Developing Reproductive System and Disorders of Sex Development. Sex Dev 2021; 16:147-161. [PMID: 34518474 DOI: 10.1159/000518323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
LIM homeodomain (LIM-HD) family genes are transcription factors that play crucial roles in a variety of functions during embryonic development. The activities of the LIM-HD proteins are regulated by the co-regulators LIM only (LMO) and LIM domain-binding (LDB). In the mouse genome, there are 13 LIM-HD genes (Lhx1-Lhx9, Isl1-2, Lmx1a-1b), 4 Lmo genes (Lmo1-4), and 2 Ldb genes (Ldb1-2). Amongst these, Lhx1 is required for the development of the müllerian duct epithelium and the timing of the primordial germ cell migration. Lhx8 is necessary for oocyte differentiation and Lhx9 for somatic cell proliferation in the genital ridges and control of testosterone production in the Leydig cells. Lmo4 is involved in Sertoli cell differentiation. Mutations in LHX1 are associated with müllerian agenesis or Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. LHX9 gene variants are reported in cases with disorders of sex development (DSD). Mutations in LHX3 and LHX4 are reported in patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency having absent or delayed puberty. A transcript map of the Lhx, Lmo, and Ldb genes reveal that multiple LIM-HD genes and their co-regulators are expressed in a sexually dimorphic pattern in the developing mouse gonads. Unraveling the roles of LIM-HD genes during development will aid in our understanding of the causes of DSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NIRRH), Mumbai, India
| | - Domdatt Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NIRRH), Mumbai, India
| | - Deepak Modi
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR-NIRRH), Mumbai, India
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Alkobtawi M, Pla P, Monsoro-Burq AH. BMP signaling is enhanced intracellularly by FHL3 controlling WNT-dependent spatiotemporal emergence of the neural crest. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109289. [PMID: 34161771 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatiotemporal coordination of multiple morphogens is essential for embryonic patterning yet poorly understood. During neural crest (NC) formation, dynamic bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and WNT signals cooperate by acting on mesoderm and ectoderm. Here, we show that Fhl3, a scaffold LIM domain protein, modulates BMP gradient interpretation during NC induction. During gastrulation, low BMP signaling neuralizes the neural border (NB) ectoderm, while Fhl3 enhances Smad1 intracellular response in underlying paraxial mesoderm, triggering the high WNT8 signals needed to pattern the NB. During neurulation, fhl3 activation in NC ectoderm promotes simultaneous high BMP and BMP-dependent WNT activity required for specification. Mechanistically, Fhl3 interacts with Smad1 and promotes Smad1 binding to wnt8 promoter in a BMP-dependent manner. Consequently, differential Fhl3 expression in adjacent cells ensures a finely tuned coordination of BMP and WNT signaling at several stages of NC development, starting by positioning the NC-inducing mesoderm center under competent NB ectoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Alkobtawi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, F-91405 Orsay, France; Institut Curie Research Division, PSL Research University, rue Henri Becquerel, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Patrick Pla
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, F-91405 Orsay, France; Institut Curie Research Division, PSL Research University, rue Henri Becquerel, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Anne H Monsoro-Burq
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, F-91405 Orsay, France; Institut Curie Research Division, PSL Research University, rue Henri Becquerel, F-91405 Orsay, France; Institut Universitaire de France, F-75005 Paris, France.
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25
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Abstract
The field of molecular embryology started around 1990 by identifying new genes and analyzing their functions in early vertebrate embryogenesis. Those genes encode transcription factors, signaling molecules, their regulators, etc. Most of those genes are relatively highly expressed in specific regions or exhibit dramatic phenotypes when ectopically expressed or mutated. This review focuses on one of those genes, Lim1/Lhx1, which encodes a transcription factor. Lim1/Lhx1 is a member of the LIM homeodomain (LIM-HD) protein family, and its intimate partner, Ldb1/NLI, binds to two tandem LIM domains of LIM-HDs. The most ancient LIM-HD protein and its partnership with Ldb1 were innovated in the metazoan ancestor by gene fusion combining LIM domains and a homeodomain and by creating the LIM domain-interacting domain (LID) in ancestral Ldb, respectively. The LIM domain has multiple interacting interphases, and Ldb1 has a dimerization domain (DD), the LID, and other interacting domains that bind to Ssbp2/3/4 and the boundary factor, CTCF. By means of these domains, LIM-HD-Ldb1 functions as a hub protein complex, enabling more intricate and elaborate gene regulation. The common, ancestral role of LIM-HD proteins is neuron cell-type specification. Additionally, Lim1/Lhx1 serves crucial roles in the gastrula organizer and in kidney development. Recent studies using Xenopus embryos have revealed Lim1/Lhx1 functions and regulatory mechanisms during development and regeneration, providing insight into evolutionary developmental biology, functional genomics, gene regulatory networks, and regenerative medicine. In this review, we also discuss recent progress at unraveling participation of Ldb1, Ssbp, and CTCF in enhanceosomes, long-distance enhancer-promoter interactions, and trans-interactions between chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuri Yasuoka
- Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Masanori Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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26
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Wang GF, Niu X, Liu H, Dong Q, Yao Y, Wang D, Liu X, Cao C. c-Abl kinase regulates cell proliferation and ionizing radiation-induced G2/M arrest via phosphorylation of FHL2. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1731-1738. [PMID: 33932144 PMCID: PMC8167852 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c‐Abl participates in several cellular processes by phosphorylating transcription factors or cofactors. c‐Abl binds and phosphorylates four‐and‐a‐half‐LIM‐only protein 2 (FHL2), but the identity of the phosphorylation sites and their contribution to cell cycle regulation is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that c‐Abl highly phosphorylates FHL2 at Y97, Y176, Y217, and Y236 through mass spectrometry and tyrosine‐to‐phenylalanine (Y → F) mutant analysis. Proliferation was inhibited in cells expressing wild‐type (WT) FHL2 but not cells expressing the phosphorylation‐defective mutant FHL2(4YF). Moreover, FHL2 contributed to cell cycle arrest at G2/M induced by ionizing radiation (IR). FHL2 WT but not FHL2(4YF) rescued FHL2 function in FHL2‐depleted cells by causing IR‐induced G2/M arrest. These results demonstrate that c‐Abl regulates cell cycle progression by phosphorylating FHL2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hainan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
| | | | - Yebao Yao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
| | - Di Wang
- Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
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27
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Raghavendra KP, Das J, Kumar R, Gawande SP, Santosh HB, Sheeba JA, Kranthi S, Kranthi KR, Waghmare VN. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the plant specific LIM genes in Gossypium arboreum under phytohormone, salt and pathogen stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9177. [PMID: 33911097 PMCID: PMC8080811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Asiatic cotton (Gossypium arboreum) cultivated as ‘desi cotton’ in India, is renowned for its climate resilience and robustness against biotic and abiotic stresses. The genome of G. arboreum is therefore, considered as a valued reserve of information for discovering novel genes or gene functions for trait improvements in the present context of cotton cultivation world-wide. In the present study, we carried out genome-wide analysis of LIM gene family in desi cotton and identified twenty LIM domain proteins (GaLIMs) which include sixteen animals CRP-like GaLIMs and four plant specific GaLIMs with presence (GaDA1) or absence (GaDAR) of UIM (Ubiquitin Interacting Motifs). Among the sixteen CRP-like GaLIMs, eleven had two conventional LIM domains while, five had single LIM domain which was not reported in LIM gene family of the plant species studied, except in Brassica rapa. Phylogenetic analysis of these twenty GaLIM proteins in comparison with LIMs of Arabidopsis, chickpea and poplar categorized them into distinct αLIM1, βLIM1, γLIM2, δLIM2 groups in CRP-like LIMs, and GaDA1 and GaDAR in plant specific LIMs group. Domain analysis had revealed consensus [(C-X2-C-X17-H-X2-C)-X2-(C-X2-C-X17-C-X2-H)] and [(C-X2-C-X17-H-X2-C)-X2-(C-X4-C-X15-C-X2-H)] being conserved as first and/or second LIM domains of animal CRP-like GaLIMs, respectively. Interestingly, single LIM domain containing GaLIM15 was found to contain unique consensus with longer inter-zinc-motif spacer but shorter second zinc finger motif. All twenty GaLIMs showed variable spatio-temporal expression patterns and accordingly further categorized into distinct groups of αLIM1, βLIM1, γLIM2 δLIM2 and plant specific LIM (DA1/DAR). For the first time, response of GaDA1/DAR under the influence of biotic and abiotic stresses were studied in cotton, involving treatments with phytohormones (Jasmonic acid and Abscisic acid), salt (NaCl) and wilt causing pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum). Expressions patterns of GaDA1/DAR showed variable response and identified GaDA2 as a probable candidate gene for stress tolerance in G. arboreum.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Raghavendra
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - J Das
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - R Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - S P Gawande
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - H B Santosh
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - J A Sheeba
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Kranthi
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - K R Kranthi
- Technical Information Section, International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), Washington, DC, USA
| | - V N Waghmare
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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28
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LIM domain only 1: an oncogenic transcription cofactor contributing to the tumorigenesis of multiple cancer types. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:1017-1030. [PMID: 33870932 PMCID: PMC8116020 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The LIM domain only 1 (LMO1) gene belongs to the LMO family of genes that encodes a group of transcriptional cofactors. This group of transcriptional cofactors regulates gene transcription by acting as a key "connector" or "scaffold" in transcription complexes. All LMOs, including LMO1, are important players in the process of tumorigenesis. Unique biological features of LMO1 distinct from other LMO members, such as its tissue-specific expression patterns, interacting proteins, and transcriptional targets, have been increasingly recognized. Studies indicated that LMO1 plays a critical oncogenic role in various types of cancers, including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, neuroblastoma, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. The molecular mechanisms underlying such functions of LMO1 have also been investigated, but they are currently far from being fully elucidated. Here, we focus on reviewing the current findings on the role of LMO1 in tumorigenesis, the mechanisms of its oncogenic action, and the mechanisms that drive its aberrant activation in cancers. We also briefly review its roles in the development process and non-cancer diseases. Finally, we discuss the remaining questions and future investigations required for promoting the translation of laboratory findings to clinical applications, including cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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29
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Signal-regulated oxidation of proteins via MICAL. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:613-620. [PMID: 32219383 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Processing of and responding to various signals is an essential cellular function that influences survival, homeostasis, development, and cell death. Extra- or intracellular signals are perceived via specific receptors and transduced in a particular signalling pathway that results in a precise response. Reversible post-translational redox modifications of cysteinyl and methionyl residues have been characterised in countless signal transduction pathways. Due to the low reactivity of most sulfur-containing amino acid side chains with hydrogen peroxide, for instance, and also to ensure specificity, redox signalling requires catalysis, just like phosphorylation signalling requires kinases and phosphatases. While reducing enzymes of both cysteinyl- and methionyl-derivates have been characterised in great detail before, the discovery and characterisation of MICAL proteins evinced the first examples of specific oxidases in signal transduction. This article provides an overview of the functions of MICAL proteins in the redox regulation of cellular functions.
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30
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Sun L, Chen L, Zhu H, Li Y, Chen CC, Li M. FHL1 promotes glioblastoma aggressiveness through regulating EGFR expression. FEBS Lett 2020; 595:85-98. [PMID: 33053208 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 1 (FHL1) plays a key role in multiple cancers. Here, we characterized its role in glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and incurable form of brain cancer. Overexpression of FHL1 promotes growth, migration, and invasion of GBM cells in vivo and in vitro. In contrast, FHL1 silencing by RNAi exhibits the opposite effects. FHL1 interacts with the transcription factor SP1 to upregulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and activate the downstream signaling cascades, including Src, Akt, Erk1/2, and Stat3, leading to GBM malignancy. FHL1 is highly expressed and positively correlated with EGFR levels in human GBM, particularly those of the classical subtype. Our results suggest that the FHL1-SP1-EGFR axis plays a tumor-promoting role, and highlight the translational potential of inhibiting FHL1 for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yumo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Clark C Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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31
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Kumar V. Toll-like receptors in sepsis-associated cytokine storm and their endogenous negative regulators as future immunomodulatory targets. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107087. [PMID: 33075714 PMCID: PMC7550173 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis infects more than 48.9 million people world-wide, with 19.7 million deaths. Cytokine storm plays a significant role in sepsis, along with severe COVID-19. TLR signaling pathways plays a crucial role in generating the cytokine storm. Endogenous negative regulators of TLR signaling are crucial to regulate cytokine storm.
Cytokine storm generates during various systemic acute infections, including sepsis and current pandemic called COVID-19 (severe) causing devastating inflammatory conditions, which include multi-organ failure or multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and death of the patient. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the major pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) expressed by immune cells as well as non-immune cells, including neurons, which play a crucial role in generating cytokine storm. They recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs, expressed by pathogens) and damage or death-associate molecular patterns (DAMPs; released and/expressed by damaged/killed host cells). Upon recognition of MAMPs and DAMPs, TLRs activate downstream signaling pathways releasing several pro-inflammatory mediators [cytokines, chemokines, interferons, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS or RNS)], which cause acute inflammation meant to control the pathogen and repair the damage. Induction of an exaggerated response due to genetic makeup of the host and/or persistence of the pathogen due to its evasion mechanisms may lead to severe systemic inflammatory condition called sepsis in response to the generation of cytokine storm and organ dysfunction. The activation of TLR-induced inflammatory response is hardwired to the induction of several negative feedback mechanisms that come into play to conclude the response and maintain immune homeostasis. This state-of-the-art review describes the importance of TLR signaling in the onset of the sepsis-associated cytokine storm and discusses various host-derived endogenous negative regulators of TLR signaling pathways. The subject is very important as there is a vast array of genes and processes implicated in these negative feedback mechanisms. These molecules and mechanisms can be targeted for developing novel therapeutic drugs for cytokine storm-associated diseases, including sepsis, severe COVID-19, and other inflammatory diseases, where TLR-signaling plays a significant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kumar
- Children Health Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mater Research, University of Queensland, ST Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4078, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, ST Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4078, Australia.
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32
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Landry NM, Dixon IMC. Fibroblast mechanosensing, SKI and Hippo signaling and the cardiac fibroblast phenotype: Looking beyond TGF-β. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109802. [PMID: 33017619 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblast activation to hyper-synthetic myofibroblasts following a pathological stimulus or in response to a substrate with increased stiffness may be a key tipping point for the evolution of cardiac fibrosis. Cardiac fibrosis per se is associated with progressive loss of heart pump function and is a primary contributor to heart failure. While TGF-β is a common cytokine stimulus associated with fibroblast activation, a druggable target to quell this driver of fibrosis has remained an elusive therapeutic goal due to its ubiquitous use by different cell types and also in the signaling complexity associated with SMADs and other effector pathways. More recently, mechanical stimulus of fibroblastic cells has been revealed as a major point of activation; this includes cardiac fibroblasts. Further, the complexity of TGF-β signaling has been offset by the discovery of members of the SKI family of proteins and their inherent anti-fibrotic properties. In this respect, SKI is a protein that may bind a number of TGF-β associated proteins including SMADs, as well as signaling proteins from other pathways, including Hippo. As SKI is also known to directly deactivate cardiac myofibroblasts to fibroblasts, this mode of action is a putative candidate for further study into the amelioration of cardiac fibrosis. Herein we provide a synthesis of this topic and highlight novel candidate pathways to explore in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Landry
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ian M C Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Zhang X, Zhai W, Li S, Suman SP, Chen J, Zhu H, Antonelo DS, Schilling MW. Early Postmortem Proteome Changes in Normal and Woody Broiler Breast Muscles. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11000-11010. [PMID: 32786856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Early postmortem changes in the whole muscle proteome from normal broiler (NB) and woody broiler (WB) breasts at 0 min, 15 min, 4 h, and 24 h after slaughter were analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Elongation factor 2, EH domain-containing protein 2, phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1), and T-complex protein 1 subunit gamma were differentially abundant in both NB and WB muscles during the early postmortem storage. Twenty additional proteins were differentially abundant among four postmortem time points in either NB or WB muscles. In the postmortem WB, changes in protein degradation were observed, including the degradation of desmin fragments, ovotransferrin chain A, and troponin I chain I. Additionally, a few glycolytic proteins in the WB might have undergone post-translational modification, including enolase, phosphoglucomutase-1, PGAM1, and pyruvate kinase. These changes in protein biomarkers highlight the impact of WB myopathy on postmortem proteome changes and increase our understanding of the relationship between WB conditions, postmortem biochemistry, and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Shuting Li
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Surendranath P Suman
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Haining Zhu
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Daniel S Antonelo
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Mark Wesley Schilling
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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Zhang Y, An J, Pei Y. LncRNA SNHG6 promotes LMO3 expression by sponging miR-543 in glioma. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 472:9-17. [PMID: 32613482 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03772-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) was a newly discovered long non-coding RNA, which was involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of cancers and was on the rise in human cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of SNHG6 in glioma required further investigation. The levels of SNHG6, microRNA-543 (miR-543) and LIM-only protein 3 (LMO3) were detected in glioma tissues and cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We examined cell proliferation and apoptosis rate by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Transwell assay was used to measure cell migration and invasion. The target relationships were predicted by StarBase v.2.0 and TargetScan and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Spearman's test was adopted for expression correlation of SNHG6, miR-543 and LMO3 in tissues. The protein expression level of LMO3 was assessed by western blot. We found that SNHG6 was obviously upregulated in glioma tissues and cells. SNHG6 knockdown significantly repressed glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced apoptosis. Additionally, SNHG6 directly targeted miR-543 and their expression was negatively correlated in glioma tissues. And miR-543 targeted LMO3 and their expression was also inversely correlated. We found that silencing LMO3 also inhibited the progression of glioma cells. Importantly, SNHG6 could competitively sponging miR-543 thereby modulating LMO3 in glioma cells. SNHG6 served as an oncogene and played a vital role in glioma development through miR-543/LMO3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 9 City Garden West Road, Tianxing Bridge, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Jiayin An
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eastern Theatre Naval Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuchun Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 9 City Garden West Road, Tianxing Bridge, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China
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35
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The CXCR4-Dependent LASP1-Ago2 Interaction in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092455. [PMID: 32872485 PMCID: PMC7564666 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The CXCR4-LASP1 axis is an emerging target in the field of breast cancer metastasis. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) mediates directed cell migration when activated by its cognate ligand CXCL12. LIM and SH3 Protein 1 (LASP1) is a critical node in the CXCR4 signaling pathway, as its deficiency blocks CXCR4-dependent Matrigel invasion. The mechanism by which LASP1 facilitates this invasive ability of tumor cells when CXCR4 is activated is unknown. Our previous proteomics work had revealed several components of the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery as being potential LASP1 interacting proteins. Here we report that argonaute 2 (Ago2), a protein with central involvement in RNAi, associates with LASP1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. We demonstrate that LASP1 co-immunoprecipitates with Ago2 endogenously in a CXCL12-dependent manner, with further confirmation of this interaction by proximity ligation assay. Furthermore, this association is specific to CXCR4 as it can be abrogated by the CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3465. By GST-pulldown approach, we identify that LASP1 directly binds to Ago2 through its LIM and SH3 domains, and that this binding is dictated by the S146 and Y171 phosphorylation sites of LASP1. Additionally, the phosphorylation status of LASP1 affected tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) Let-7a-guided Ago2 activity. Levels of several endogenous targets of Let-7a were found to be altered including C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7), which is another critical chemokine receptor involved in metastasis to lymph nodes. Our results suggest a novel role for the LASP1-Ago2 module in shaping the RNAi landscape, functionally impacting the invasive ability of cancer cells.
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Sabino F, Madzharova E, Auf dem Keller U. Cell density-dependent proteolysis by HtrA1 induces translocation of zyxin to the nucleus and increased cell survival. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:674. [PMID: 32826880 PMCID: PMC7442833 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Proteases modulate critical processes in cutaneous tissue repair to orchestrate inflammation, cell proliferation and tissue remodeling. However, the functional consequences and implications in healing impairments of most cleavage events are not understood. Using iTRAQ-based Terminal Amine Isotopic Labeling of Substrates (TAILS) we had characterized proteolytic signatures in a porcine wound healing model and identified two neo-N termini derived from proteolytic cleavage of the focal adhesion protein and mechanotransducer zyxin. Here, we assign these proteolytic events to the activity of either caspase-1 or serine protease HtrA1 and analyze the biological relevance of the resultant zyxin truncations. By cellular expression of full-length and truncated zyxin proteins, we demonstrate nuclear translocation of a C-terminal zyxin fragment that could also be generated in vitro by HtrA1 cleavage and provide evidence for its anti-apoptotic activities, potentially by regulating the expression of modulators of cell proliferation, protein synthesis and genome stability. Targeted degradomics correlated endogenous generation of the same zyxin fragment with increased cell density in human primary dermal fibroblasts. Hence, this newly identified HtrA1-zyxin protease signaling axis might present a novel mechanism to transiently enhance cell survival in environments of increased cell density like in wound granulation tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Sabino
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Søltofts Plads, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elizabeta Madzharova
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Auf dem Keller
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Søltofts Plads, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Huang X, Qu R, Ouyang J, Zhong S, Dai J. An Overview of the Cytoskeleton-Associated Role of PDLIM5. Front Physiol 2020; 11:975. [PMID: 32848888 PMCID: PMC7426503 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine represented by stem cell technology has become one of the pillar medical technologies for human disease treatment. Cytoskeleton plays important roles in maintaining cell morphology, bearing external forces, and maintaining the effectiveness of cell internal structure, among which cytoskeleton related proteins are involved in and play an indispensable role in the changes of cytoskeleton. PDLIM5 is a cytoskeleton-related protein that, like other cytoskeletal proteins, acts as a binding protein. PDZ and LIM domain 5 (PDLIM5), also known as ENH (Enigma homolog), is a cytoplasmic protein with a molecular mass of about 63 KDa that consists of a PDZ domain at the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus. PDLIM5 binds to the cytoskeleton and membrane proteins through its PDZ domain and interacts with various signaling molecules, including protein kinases and transcription factors, through its LIM domain. As a cytoskeleton-related protein, PDLIM5 plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and cell fate decision in multiple tissues and cell types. In this review, we briefly summarize the state of knowledge on the PDLIM5 gene, structural properties, and molecular functional mechanisms of the PDLIM5 protein, and its role in cells, tissues, and organ systems, and describe the possible underlying molecular signaling pathways. In the last part of this review, we will focus on discussing the limitations of existing research and the future prospects of PDLIM5 research in turn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongmei Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shizhen Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxing Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Jodo A, Shibazaki A, Onuma A, Kaisho T, Tanaka T. PDLIM7 Synergizes With PDLIM2 and p62/Sqstm1 to Inhibit Inflammatory Signaling by Promoting Degradation of the p65 Subunit of NF-κB. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1559. [PMID: 32849529 PMCID: PMC7417631 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of NF-κB transcription factors is critical for innate immune cells to induce inflammation and fight against microbial pathogens. On the other hand, the excessive and prolonged activation of NF-κB causes massive inflammatory damage to the host, suggesting that regulatory mechanisms to promptly terminate NF-κB activation are important to prevent immunopathology. We have previously reported that PDLIM2, a PDZ-LIM domain-containing protein, is a nuclear ubiquitin E3 ligase that targets the p65 subunit of NF-κB for degradation, thereby suppressing NF-κB activation. Here we show that PDLIM7, another member of LIM protein family, is also a ubiquitin E3 ligase that inhibits NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. PDLIM7 directly polyubiquitinates p65 and promotes its proteasomal degradation. Moreover, PDLIM7 heterodimerizes with PDLIM2 to promote synergistic PDLIM2-mediated degradation of p65. Mechanistically, PDLIM7 promotes K63-linked ubiquitination of PDLIM2 and then the proteasome/autophagosome cargo protein p62/Sqstm1 binds to both polyubiquitinated PDLIM2 and the proteasome, thereby facilitating the delivery of the NF-κB-PDLIM2 complex to the proteasome and subsequent p65 degradation. Consistently, double knockdown of PDLIM7 and either PDLIM2 or p62/Sqstm1 results in augmented proinflammatory cytokine production compared to control cells or single knockdown cells. These data delineate a new role for PDLIM7 and p62/Sqstm1 in the regulation of NF-κB signaling by bridging a ubiquitin E3 ligase and the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Jodo
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Azusa Shibazaki
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Asuka Onuma
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Laboratory for Inflammatory Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
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Wei X, Zhang H. Four and a half LIM domains protein 1 can be as a double-edged sword in cancer progression. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:270-281. [PMID: 32587768 PMCID: PMC7309467 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four and a half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1), as the name suggests, contains four and a half LIM domains capable of interacting with various molecules, including structural proteins, kinases, and transcriptional machinery. FHL1 contains a zinc-finger domain and performs diverse roles in regulation of gene transcription, cytoarchitecture, cell proliferation, and signal transduction. Several studies have validated the importance of FHL1 in muscle development, myopathy, and cardiovascular diseases. Mutations in the FHL1 gene are associated with various myopathies. Recently, FHL1 was identified as a major host factor for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection in both humans and mice. Based on more recent findings over the last decade, FHL1 is proposed to play a dual role in cancer progression. On the one hand, FHL1 expression is suppressed in several cancer types, which correlates with increased metastatic disease and decreased survival. Moreover, FHL1 is reported to inhibit tumor cell growth and migration by associating with diverse signals, such as TGF-β and ER, and therefore considered a tumor suppressor. On the other hand, FHL1 can function as an oncogenic protein that promotes tumor progression upon phosphorylation, reflecting complex roles in cancer. This review primarily focuses on the dual role and underlying mechanisms of action of FHL1 in human cancer progression and its clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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40
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Molecular characterization of a whirlin-like protein with biomineralization-related functions from the shell of Mytilus coruscus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231414. [PMID: 32267882 PMCID: PMC7141649 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mollusc shells are produced from calcified skeletons and have excellent mechanical properties. Shell matrix proteins (SMPs) have important functions in shell formation. A 16.6 kDa whirlin-like protein (WLP) with a PDZ domain was identified in the shell of Mytilus coruscus as a novel SMP. In this study, the expression, function, and location of WLP were analysed. The WLP gene was highly expressed and specifically located in the adductor muscle and mantle. The expression of recombinant WLP (rWLP) was associated with morphological change, polymorphic change, binding ability, and crystallization rate inhibition of the calcium carbonate crystals in vitro. In addition, an anti-rWLP antibody was prepared, and the results from immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses revealed the specific location of the WLP in the mantle, adductor muscle, and myostracum layer of the shell, suggesting multiple functions for WLP in biomineralization, muscle-shell attachment, and muscle attraction. Furthermore, results from a pull-down analysis revealed 10 protein partners of WLP in the shell matrices and a possible network of interacting WLPs in the shell. In addition, in this study, one of the WLP partners, actin, was confirmed to have the ability to bind WLP. These results expand the understanding of the functions of PDZ-domain-containing proteins in biomineralization and provide clues for determining the mechanisms of myostracum formation and muscle-shell attachment.
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41
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Pan J, Tang Y, Liu S, Li L, Yu B, Lu Y, Wang Y. LIMD1-AS1 suppressed non-small cell lung cancer progression through stabilizing LIMD1 mRNA via hnRNP U. Cancer Med 2020; 9:3829-3839. [PMID: 32239804 PMCID: PMC7286462 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) occupies the majority of lung cancer cases and is notorious for the awful prognosis. LIM domains‐containing 1 (LIMD1) is suggested as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer, but its mechanism in NSCLC remains elusive. Present study aimed to uncover the mechanism of LIMD1 in NSCLC. Methods qRT‐PCR was performed to analyze the level of LIMD1. The functions of LIMD1 in NSCLC cells were evaluated by CCK‐8, EdU, and caspase‐3 activity assays. RIP and pull‐down assays were applied to determine the interaction of LIMD1 with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNP U) and LIMD1‐AS1. Results LIMD1 was downregulated in NSCLC samples and cells. Functionally, LIMD1 hindered proliferation and drove apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Moreover, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LIMD1 antisense RNA 1 (LIMD1‐AS1) was downregulated in NSCLC samples and cell lines. LIMD1‐AS1 knockdown abrogated NSCLC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LIMD1‐AS1 stabilized LIMD1 mRNA through interacting with hnRNP U. Rescue experiments suggested that LIMD1‐AS1 repressed NSCLC progression through LIMD1. Conclusions LIMD1‐AS1 suppressed NSCLC progression through stabilizing LIMD1 mRNA via hnRNP U, providing new thoughts for the improvement of molecular‐targeted therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyuan Pan
- Cardiovascular Department, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqin Tang
- General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou, China
| | - Shumei Liu
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lily Li
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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Li SZ, Hu YY, Zhao JL, Zang J, Fei Z, Han H, Qin HY. Downregulation of FHL1 protein in glioma inhibits tumor growth through PI3K/AKT signaling. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3781-3788. [PMID: 32382330 PMCID: PMC7202308 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human four-and-a-half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1) is a member of the FHL protein family, which serves an important role in multiple cellular events by interacting with transcription factors using its cysteine-rich zinc finger motifs. A previous study indicated that FHL1 was downregulated in several types of human cancer and served a role as a tumor suppressive gene. The overexpression of FHL1 inhibited tumor cell proliferation. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no evidence to confirm whether FHL1 affected glioma growth, and the molecular mechanisms through which FHL1 represses tumor development remain unclear. In the present study, the expression level of FHL1 was determined using immunohistochemical staining in 114 tumor specimens from patients with glioma. The results indicated that FHL1 expression was negatively associated with the pathological grade of gliomas. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated that the patients with an increased FHL1 expression exhibited a significantly longer survival time, suggesting that FHL1 may be a prognostic marker for glioma. The protein level of FHL1 was relatively increased in the U251 glioma cell line compared with that in the U87 cell line. Therefore, FHL1 was knocked down in U251 by siRNA and overexpressed in U87, and it was identified that FHL1 significantly decreased the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling by interacting with AKT. Further experiments verified that FHL1 inhibited the growth of gliomas in vivo by modulating PI3K/AKT signaling. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that FHL1 suppressed glioma development through PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Zhong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Yang Hu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Long Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hua Han
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Qin
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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He D, Guo R, Zheng D, Xu M, Li P, Guo L, Gan L. Transcription factor Isl1 is dispensable for the development of the mouse prosensory region. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:407-414. [PMID: 32219582 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to identify genes involved in the development of inner ear hair cells, we investigated the role of the transcription factor Islet-class LIM-homeodomain (LIM-HD) 1 (Isl1) in the development of the mouse prosensory region. Isl1 was deleted using the Pax2-Cre system, and deletion of both alleles was verified using cochlea sections. Changes in the number of prosensory region cells were measured to determine the effect of Isl1 on the development of the mouse prosensory region. In order to test whether Isl1 formed a protein complex with Ldb1 and Gata3, co-immunoprecipitation experiments were performed in HEK293 cells using the Flag-tagged LIM-domain of Isl1, HA-tagged LID of Ldb1 and Myc-tagged C-terminal domain of Gata3. The expression of Gata3, Sox2, Jag1 and P27 proteins in the prosensory region were not affected in Isl1-/- prosensory cells. Thus, Isl1 did not form a protein complex with Gata3 through Ldb1 in the Isl1-/- cells. Our results suggest that Isl1 may be dispensable for the development of the mouse prosensory region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqiang He
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongwang Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Physiology, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, HangZhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Li
- HangZhou CalyGene Bitechnology Limited Company, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luming Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Gan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China.
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44
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Sun Y, Geng M, Yuan Y, Guo P, Chen Y, Yang D, Petersen RB, Huang K, Zheng L. Lmo4‐resistin signaling contributes to adipose tissue‐liver crosstalk upon weight cycling. FASEB J 2020; 34:4732-4748. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902708r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Mengyuan Geng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yangmian Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Peilian Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Dong Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Robert B. Petersen
- Foundational Sciences Central Michigan University College of Medicine Mt. Pleasant MI USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism Wuhan University Wuhan China
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Cui C, Han S, Tang S, He H, Shen X, Zhao J, Chen Y, Wei Y, Wang Y, Zhu Q, Li D, Yin H. The Autophagy Regulatory Molecule CSRP3 Interacts with LC3 and Protects Against Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030749. [PMID: 31979369 PMCID: PMC7037376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CSRP3/MLP (cysteine-rich protein 3/muscle Lim protein), a member of the cysteine-rich protein family, is a muscle-specific LIM-only factor specifically expressed in skeletal muscle. CSRP3 is critical in maintaining the structure and function of normal muscle. To investigate the mechanism of disease in CSRP3 myopathy, we performed siRNA-mediated CSRP3 knockdown in chicken primary myoblasts. CSRP3 silencing resulted in the down-regulation of the expression of myogenic genes and the up-regulation of atrophy-related gene expressions. We found that CSRP3 interacted with LC3 protein to promote the formation of autophagosomes during autophagy. CSRP3-silencing impaired myoblast autophagy, as evidenced by inhibited autophagy-related ATG5 and ATG7 mRNA expression levels, and inhibited LC3II and Beclin-1 protein accumulation. In addition, impaired autophagy in CSRP3-silenced cells resulted in increased sensitivity to apoptosis cell death. CSRP3-silenced cells also showed increased caspase-3 and caspase-9 cleavage. Moreover, apoptosis induced by CSRP3 silencing was alleviated after autophagy activation. Together, these results indicate that CSRP3 promotes the correct formation of autophagosomes through its interaction with LC3 protein, which has an important role in skeletal muscle remodeling and maintenance.
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Zivkovic M, Zlatanovic M, Zlatanovic N, Djordjevic Jocic J, Golubović M, Veselinović AM. Development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of glaucoma based on actin-binding kinase inhibition – in silico approach. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05967a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
QSAR modeling with computer-aided drug design were used for the in silico development of novel therapeutics for glaucoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Zivkovic
- Faculty of Medicine
- Department of Ophthalmology
- University of Nis
- Nis
- Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Mladjan Golubović
- Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
- Clinical Center Nis
- Nis
- Serbia
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Smirnov A, Cappello A, Lena AM, Anemona L, Mauriello A, Di Daniele N, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Melino G, Candi E. ZNF185 is a p53 target gene following DNA damage. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3308-3326. [PMID: 30446632 PMCID: PMC6286825 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor p53 is a key player in the tumour suppressive DNA damage response and a growing number of target genes involved in these pathways has been identified. p53 has been shown to be implicated in controlling cell motility and its mutant form enhances metastasis by loss of cell directionality, but the p53 role in this context has not yet being investigated. Here, we report that ZNF185, an actin cytoskeleton-associated protein from LIM-family of Zn-finger proteins, is induced following DNA-damage. ChIP-seq analysis, chromatin crosslinking immune-precipitation experiments and luciferase assays demonstrate that ZNF185 is a bona fide p53 target gene. Upon genotoxic stress, caused by DNA-damaging drug etoposide and UVB irradiation, ZNF185 expression is up-regulated and in etoposide-treated cells, ZNF185 depletion does not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis, but interferes with actin cytoskeleton remodelling and cell polarization. Bioinformatic analysis of different types of epithelial cancers from both TCGA and GTEx databases showed a significant decrease in ZNF185 mRNA level compared to normal tissues. These findings are confirmed by tissue micro-array IHC staining. Our data highlight the involvement of ZNF185 and cytoskeleton changes in p53-mediated cellular response to genotoxic stress and indicate ZNF185 as potential biomarker for epithelial cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Smirnov
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Angela Cappello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Lucia Anemona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy.,MRC-Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy.,Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome 00163, Italy
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48
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Zang C, Zhao F, Pu Y. LMX1B involved in the radioresistance, proliferation and migration of esophageal cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109358. [PMID: 31545286 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most difficult malignancies to cure. The radioresistance remains a major obstacle for effective treatment of EC. METHODS Esophageal cancer radioresistant cell lines were screened by the cumulative dose of radiation assays. qRT-PCR and Western blotting assays were used to detect the expression of LMXIB in EC. The survival fraction experiments were performed to test the effects of LMXIB in the radioresistance of EC. Following, the ionizing radiation and clonogenic, cell proliferation, wound healing and Flow cytometry apoptosis assays were used to characterize the properties of these cell lines. RESULTS We found that the LMX1B gene, encoding a LIM-homeodomain transcription factor, is expressed in a higher level in the radio-resistant EC cell lines. The following radiation assays revealed that LMX1B promotes the radioresistance of EC cells. Moreover, LMX1B plays roles in the proliferation, cell migration and apoptosis of EC cells. CONCLUSION All these results indicated that LMX1B is a key regulator involved in the radioresistance of EC, which might be used as a biomarker to guide the clinical therapy of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbao Zang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
| | - Youguang Pu
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
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Bethea M, Liu Y, Wade AK, Mullen R, Gupta R, Gelfanov V, DiMarchi R, Bhatnagar S, Behringer R, Habegger KM, Hunter CS. The islet-expressed Lhx1 transcription factor interacts with Islet-1 and contributes to glucose homeostasis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E397-E409. [PMID: 30620636 PMCID: PMC6415717 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00235.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The LIM-homeodomain (LIM-HD) transcription factor Islet-1 (Isl1) interacts with the LIM domain-binding protein 1 (Ldb1) coregulator to control expression of key pancreatic β-cell genes. However, Ldb1 also has Isl1-independent effects, supporting that another LIM-HD factor interacts with Ldb1 to impact β-cell development and/or function. LIM homeobox 1 (Lhx1) is an Isl1-related LIM-HD transcription factor that appears to be expressed in the developing mouse pancreas and in adult islets. However, roles for this factor in the pancreas are unknown. This study aimed to determine Lhx1 interactions and elucidate gene regulatory and physiological roles in the pancreas. Co-immunoprecipitation using β-cell extracts demonstrated an interaction between Lhx1 and Isl1, and thus we hypothesized that Lhx1 and Isl1 regulate similar target genes. To test this, we employed siRNA-mediated Lhx1 knockdown in β-cell lines and discovered reduced Glp1R mRNA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed Lhx1 occupancy at a domain also known to be occupied by Isl1 and Ldb1. Through development of a pancreas-wide knockout mouse model ( Lhx1∆Panc), we demonstrate that aged Lhx1∆Panc mice have elevated fasting blood glucose levels, altered intraperitoneal and oral glucose tolerance, and significantly upregulated glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, MafB, and Arx islet mRNAs. Additionally, Lhx1∆Panc mice exhibit significantly reduced Glp1R, an mRNA encoding the insulinotropic receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 along with a concomitant dampened Glp1 response and mild glucose intolerance in mice challenged with oral glucose. These data are the first to reveal that the Lhx1 transcription factor contributes to normal glucose homeostasis and Glp1 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maigen Bethea
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yanping Liu
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Alexa K Wade
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Rachel Mullen
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Vasily Gelfanov
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Richard DiMarchi
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Sushant Bhatnagar
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Richard Behringer
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Kirk M Habegger
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Chad S Hunter
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
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50
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LHX2- and LDB1-mediated trans interactions regulate olfactory receptor choice. Nature 2019; 565:448-453. [PMID: 30626972 PMCID: PMC6436840 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0845-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The genome is partitioned into topologically associated domains (TADs) and genomic compartments of shared chromatin valance. This architecture is constrained by the DNA polymer, which precludes genic interactions between chromosomes. Here, we report a dramatic divergence from this pattern of nuclear organization that occurs in mouse olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). In situ HiC on FAC-sorted OSNs and their progenitors shows that olfactory receptor (OR) gene clusters from 18 chromosomes make specific and robust interchromosomal contacts that increase with differentiation. These contacts are orchestrated by intergenic OR enhancers, the Greek Islands, which first contribute to the formation of OR compartments and then form a multi-chromosomal super-enhancer that associates with the single active OR. Greek Island-bound transcription factor Lhx2 and adaptor protein Ldb1 regulate the assembly and maintenance of OR compartments, Greek Island hubs, and OR transcription, providing mechanistic insight and functional support for the role of trans interactions in gene expression.
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