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Li J, Liu X, Jiang H, Yang M. Interleukin-4-Loaded Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel Promotes Subcutaneous Chondrogenesis of Engineered Auricular Cartilage in a Rabbit Model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35473. [PMID: 39198004 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering technology offers a promising solution for ear reconstruction; however, it faces the challenge of foreign body reaction and neocartilage malformation. This study investigates the impact of interleukin-4 (IL-4), an anti-inflammatory factor, on cartilage regeneration of hydrogel encapsulating autologous auricular chondrocytes in a rabbit subcutaneous environment. Initially, we assessed the influence of IL-4 on chondrocyte proliferation and determined the appropriate concentration using the CCK-8 test in vitro. Subsequently, we loaded IL-4 into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel containing chondrocytes and measured its release profile through ELISA. The constructs were then implanted autologously into rabbits' subcutis, and after 3, 7, 14, and 28 days, cartilage matrix formation was evaluated by histological examinations, and gene expression levels were detected by qRT-PCR. Results demonstrated that IL-4 promotes chondrocyte proliferation in vitro, and maximum release from constructs occurred during the first week. In the rabbit subcutaneous implantation model, IL-4-loaded constructs (20 ng/mL) maintained a superior chondrocytic phenotype compared to controls with increased expression of anti-inflammatory factors. These findings highlight IL-4 as a potential strategy for promoting chondrogenesis in a subcutaneous environment and improving ear reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiao Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liu
- Research Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyue Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyong Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Giacomini F, Rho HS, Eischen-Loges M, Tahmasebi Birgani Z, van Blitterswijk C, van Griensven M, Giselbrecht S, Habibović P, Truckenmüller R. Enthesitis on Chip - A Model for Studying Acute and Chronic Inflammation of the Enthesis and its Pharmacological Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401815. [PMID: 39188199 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Enthesitis, the inflammation of the enthesis, which is the point of attachment of tendons and ligaments to bones, is a common musculoskeletal disease. The inflammation often originates from the fibrocartilage region of the enthesis as a consequence of mechanical overuse or -load and consequently tissue damage. During enthesitis, waves of inflammatory cytokines propagate in(to) the fibrocartilage, resulting in detrimental, heterotopic bone formation. Understanding of human enthesitis and its treatment options is limited, also because of lacking in vitro model systems that can closely mimic the pathophysiology of the enthesis and can be used to develop therapies. In this study, an enthes(it)is-on-chip model is developed. On opposite sides of a porous culture membrane separating the chip's two microfluidic compartments, human mesenchymal stromal cells are selectively differentiated into tenocytes and fibrochondrocytes. By introducing an inflammatory cytokine cocktail into the fibrochondrocyte compartment, key aspects of acute and chronic enthesitis, measured as increased expression of inflammatory markers, can be recapitulated. Upon inducing chronic inflammatory conditions, hydroxyapatite deposition, enhanced osteogenic marker expression and reduced secretion of tissue-related extracellular matrix components are observed. Adding the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib to the fibrochondrocyte compartment mitigates the inflammatory state, demonstrating the potential of the enthesitis-on-chip model for drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giacomini
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Hoon Suk Rho
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Eischen-Loges
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Zeinab Tahmasebi Birgani
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Giselbrecht
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibović
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmüller
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, 6229 ER, The Netherlands
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Garrido-Palazuelos LI, Almanza-Orduño AA, Waseem M, Basheer A, Medrano-Félix JA, Mukthar M, Ahmed-Khan H, Shahid F, Aguirre-Sánchez JR. Immunoinformatic approach for multi-epitope vaccine design against Staphylococcus aureus based on hemolysin proteins. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 132:108848. [PMID: 39182254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium that causes a variety of infections in humans. This microorganism produces several virulence factors, including hemolysins, which contribute to its disease-causing ability. The treatment of S. aureus infections typically involves the use of antibiotics. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has become a major concern. Therefore, vaccination against S. aureus has gained attention as an alternative approach. Vaccination has the advantage of stimulating the immune system to produce specific antibodies that can neutralize bacteria and prevent infection. However, developing an effective vaccine against S. aureus has proven to be challenging. This study aimed to use in silico methods to design a multi-epitope vaccine against S. aureus infection based on hemolysin proteins. The designed vaccine contained four B-cell epitopes, four CTL epitopes, and four HTL epitopes, as well as the ribosomal protein L7/L12 and pan-HLA DR-binding epitope, included as adjuvants. Furthermore, the vaccine was non-allergenic and non-toxic with the potential to stimulate the TLR2-, TLR-4, and TLR-6 receptors. The predicted vaccine exhibited a high degree of antigenicity and stability, suggesting potential for further development as a viable vaccine candidate. The population coverage of the vaccine was 94.4 %, indicating potential widespread protection against S. aureus. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the design of an effective multi-epitope vaccine against S. aureus infection and pave the way for future experimental validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennin Isaac Garrido-Palazuelos
- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Unidad Regional Los Mochis. Departamento Académico de Ciencias de la Salud. Blvd. Macario Gaxiola y Carretera Internacional, México 15, C.P. 81223, Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Arath Andrés Almanza-Orduño
- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Unidad Regional Los Mochis. Departamento Académico de Ciencias de la Salud. Blvd. Macario Gaxiola y Carretera Internacional, México 15, C.P. 81223, Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Maaz Waseem
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amina Basheer
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - José Andrés Medrano-Félix
- Investigadoras e investigadores por México Centro de Investigación En Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria. Carretera a El Dorado km 5.5, Campo El Diez, 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Mamuna Mukthar
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haris Ahmed-Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mianwali, Punjab, 42200, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Shahid
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science & Technology, National University of Malaysia (UKM), Selangor Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - José Roberto Aguirre-Sánchez
- Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA). Centro de Investigación en ALimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD) Unidad Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
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Lim HJ, Park IS, Seo JW, Ha G, Yang HJ, Jeong DY, Kim SY, Jung CH. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Korean Soybean Sauce (Ganjang) on Mice with Induced Colitis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1501-1510. [PMID: 38960873 PMCID: PMC11294641 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2404.04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammation of the gut, is caused by several factors. Among these factors, microbial factors are correlated with the gut microbiota, which produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) via anaerobic fermentation. Fermented foods are known to regulate the gut microbiota composition. Ganjang (GJ), a traditional fermented Korean soy sauce consumed worldwide, has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, anti-colitis, and antihypertensive activities. However, its effects on the gut microbiota remain unknown. In the present study, we aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of GJ manufactured using different methods and investigate its effect on SCFA production in the gut. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of GJ in the gut, we performed animal experiments using a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. All GJ samples attenuated DSS-induced colitis symptoms, including reduced colonic length, by suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, GJ administration modulated SCFA production in the DSS-induced colitis model. Overall, GJ exerted anti-inflammatory effects by reducing DSS-induced symptoms via regulation of inflammation and modulation of SCFA levels in a DSS-induced colitis model. Thus, GJ is a promising fermented food with the potential to prevent IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ji Lim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Park
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Seo
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangsu Ha
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Yang
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Youn Jeong
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Hun Jung
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Republic of Korea
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Wijesekara T, Abeyrathne EDNS, Ahn DU. Effect of Bioactive Peptides on Gut Microbiota and Their Relations to Human Health. Foods 2024; 13:1853. [PMID: 38928795 PMCID: PMC11202804 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from both exogenous and endogenous origins have been studied extensively to use their beneficial effects in humans and animals. Bioactive peptides exhibit beneficial bodily functions and contribute to a healthy gastrointestinal system by influencing barrier functions, immune responses, and gut microbiota. Gut microbiota is a diverse microbial community that significantly influences the overall well-being and homeostasis of the body. Factors such as diet, age, lifestyle, medication, and environmental circumstances can affect the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. The disturbances or imbalances in the gut microbiota have been associated with various health problems. The interplays between bioactive peptides and gut microbiota are not fully understood, but bioactive peptides hold promise as modulators of the gut microbiota to promote gut health. Almost all the bioactive research on human health, including the development of therapeutics and nutritional interventions, uses cell culture, even though their direct biofunctional activities can only occur when absorbed in the intestine and into the blood system. This review focuses on the current understanding of bioactive peptides in gut microbiota and their impact and mechanisms on gut and human health. The novelty of this review lies in its comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted interactions between bioactive peptides and gut microbiota, integrating knowledge from diverse disciplines between microbiology and nutrition. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms and identifying current research gaps, this review offers an outlook on the potential of bioactive peptides in promoting gut health and shaping future therapeutic and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharuka Wijesekara
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | | | - Dong Uk Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Qiu M, Cheng L, Xu J, Jin M, Yuan W, Ge Q, Zou K, Chen J, Huang Y, Li J, Zhu L, Xu B, Zhang C, Jin H, Wang P. Liquiritin reduces chondrocyte apoptosis through P53/PUMA signaling pathway to alleviate osteoarthritis. Life Sci 2024; 343:122536. [PMID: 38423170 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The main pathological features of osteoarthritis (OA) include the degeneration of articular cartilage and a decrease in matrix synthesis. Chondrocytes, which contribute to matrix synthesis, play a crucial role in the development of OA. Liquiritin, an effective ingredient extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., has been used for over 1000 years to treat OA. This study aims to investigate the impact of liquiritin on OA and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gait and hot plate tests assessed mouse behavior, while Micro-CT and ABH/OG staining observed joint morphological changes. The TUNEL kit detected chondrocyte apoptosis. Western blot and immunofluorescence techniques determined the expression levels of cartilage metabolism markers COL2 and MMP13, as well as apoptosis markers caspase3, bcl2, P53, and PUMA. KEGG analysis and molecular docking technology were used to verify the relationship between liquiritin and P53. KEY FINDINGS Liquiritin alleviated pain sensitivity and improved gait impairment in OA mice. Additionally, we found that liquiritin could increase COL2 levels and decrease MMP13 levels both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, liquiritin reduced chondrocyte apoptosis induced by OA, through decreased expression of caspase3 expression and increased expression of bcl2 expression. Molecular docking revealed a strong binding affinity between liquiritin and P53. Both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that liquiritin suppressed the expression of P53 and PUMA in cartilage. SIGNIFICANCE This indicated that liquiritin may alleviate OA progression by inhibiting the P53/PUMA signaling pathway, suggesting that liquiritin is a potential strategy for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiu
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangyan Cheng
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minwei Jin
- Department of the Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinwen Ge
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiao Zou
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Huang
- Department of the Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju Li
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Zhu
- The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunchun Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongting Jin
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Pinger Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Kim JR, Hong BK, Pham THN, Kim WU, Kim HA. Interferon-gamma signaling promotes cartilage regeneration after injury. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8046. [PMID: 38580748 PMCID: PMC10997668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common chronic disease and major cause of disability and chronic pain in ageing populations. In this pathology, the entire joint is involved, and the regeneration of articular cartilage still remains one of the main challenges. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying cartilage regeneration in young mice using a full-thickness cartilage injury (FTCI) model. FTCI-induced cartilage defects were created in the femoral trochlea of young and adult C57BL/6 mice. To identify key molecules and pathways involved in the early response to cartilage injury, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of cartilage RNA at 3 days after injury. Young mice showed superior cartilage regeneration compared to adult mice after cartilage injury. RNA-seq analysis revealed significant upregulation of genes associated with the immune response, particularly in the IFN-γ signaling pathway and qRT-PCR analysis showed macrophage polarization in the early phase of cartilage regeneration (3 days) in young mice after injury, which might promote the removal of damaged or necrotic cells and initiate cartilage regeneration in response to injury. IFN-γR1- and IFN-γ-deficient mice exhibited impaired cartilage regeneration following cartilage injury. DMM-induced and spontaneous OA phenotypes were exacerbated in IFN-γR1-/- mice than in wild-type mice. Our data support the hypothesis that IFN-γ signaling is necessary for cartilage regeneration, as well as for the amelioration of post-traumatic and age-induced OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ryoung Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 896, Pyungchon, Anyang, Kyunggi, 14068, Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Center for Intergrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Bong-Ki Hong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Center for Intergrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Thi Hong Nhung Pham
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 896, Pyungchon, Anyang, Kyunggi, 14068, Korea
- Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24252, Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Center for Intergrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 896, Pyungchon, Anyang, Kyunggi, 14068, Korea.
- Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24252, Korea.
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Ponta S, Bonato A, Neidenbach P, Bruhin VF, Laurent A, Applegate LA, Zenobi-Wong M, Barreto G. Streamlined, single-step non-viral CRISPR-Cas9 knockout strategy enhances gene editing efficiency in primary human chondrocyte populations. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:66. [PMID: 38468277 PMCID: PMC10926593 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CRISPR-Cas9-based genome engineering represents a powerful therapeutic tool for cartilage tissue engineering and for understanding molecular pathways driving cartilage diseases. However, primary chondrocytes are difficult to transfect and rapidly dedifferentiate during monolayer (2D) cell culture, making the lengthy expansion of a single-cell-derived edited clonal population not feasible. For this reason, functional genetics studies focused on cartilage and rheumatic diseases have long been carried out in cellular models that poorly recapitulate the native molecular properties of human cartilaginous tissue (e.g., cell lines, induced pluripotent stem cells). Here, we set out to develop a non-viral CRISPR-Cas9, bulk-gene editing method suitable for chondrocyte populations from different cartilaginous sources. METHODS We screened electroporation and lipid nanoparticles for ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery in primary polydactyly chondrocytes, and optimized RNP reagents assembly. We knocked out RELA (also known as p65), a subunit of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), in polydactyly chondrocytes and further characterized knockout (KO) cells with RT-qPCR and Western Blot. We tested RELA KO in chondrocytes from diverse cartilaginous sources and characterized their phenotype with RT-qPCR. We examined the chondrogenic potential of wild-type (WT) and KO cell pellets in presence and absence of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). RESULTS We established electroporation as the optimal transfection technique for chondrocytes enhancing transfection and editing efficiency, while preserving high cell viability. We knocked out RELA with an unprecedented efficiency of ~90%, confirming lower inflammatory pathways activation upon IL-1β stimulation compared to unedited cells. Our protocol could be easily transferred to primary human chondrocytes harvested from osteoarthritis (OA) patients, human FE002 chondroprogenitor cells, bovine chondrocytes, and a human chondrocyte cell line, achieving comparable mean RELA KO editing levels using the same protocol. All KO pellets from primary human chondrocytes retained chondrogenic ability equivalent to WT cells, and additionally displayed enhanced matrix retention under inflamed conditions. CONCLUSIONS We showcased the applicability of our bulk gene editing method to develop effective autologous and allogeneic off-the-shelf gene therapies strategies and to enable functional genetics studies in human chondrocytes to unravel molecular mechanisms of cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ponta
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Angela Bonato
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Neidenbach
- Schulthess Clinic, Department of Lower Extremity Orthopaedics, Musculoskeletal Centre, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland
| | - Valentino F Bruhin
- Schulthess Clinic, Department of Lower Extremity Orthopaedics, Musculoskeletal Centre, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive & Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Plastic, Reconstructive & Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Goncalo Barreto
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
- Medical Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland.
- Orton Orthopedic Hospital, Tenholantie 10, Helsinki, 00280, Finland.
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Luo D, Zhu H, Li S, Wang Z, Xiao J. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a promising cell-free therapy for knee osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1309946. [PMID: 38292826 PMCID: PMC10824863 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1309946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), as a degenerative disease, leads to high socioeconomic burdens and disability rates. The knee joint is typically the most affected and is characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, subchondral bone remodeling, osteophyte formation and synovial inflammation. The current management of OA mainly focuses on symptomatic relief and does not help to slow down the advancement of disease. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their exosomes have garnered significant attention in regenerative therapy and tissue engineering areas. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), as bioactive factor carriers, have promising results in cell-free therapy of OA. This study reviewed the application of various MSC-Exos for the OA treatment, along with exploring the potential underlying mechanisms. Moreover, current strategies and future perspectives for the utilization of engineered MSC-Exos, alongside their associated challenges, were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhenggang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Li Y, Teng M, Yang H, Li S, Liu X, Zhang J, Qiu Y, Li L. Impact of macrophage differentiation on hematopoietic function enhancement by Shenzhu ErKang Syrup. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:169-190. [PMID: 38175693 PMCID: PMC10817372 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Shenzhu Erkang Syrup (SZEK) is a traditional Chinese medicine that improves spleen and stomach function, tonifying the Qi and activating the blood; however, its therapeutic effects in hematopoietic dysfunction and their underlying mechanism remain unexplored. In this study, mice were given cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injections for three days to produce hematopoietic dysfunction model. We investigated the hematopoietic effect and mechanism of SZEK in mice with hematopoietic dysfunction via histopathological examination, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting combined with intestinal flora and serum metabolomics analysis. In mice with hematopoietic dysfunction, SZEK (gavage, 0.3 mL/25 g) alleviated pathological damage to the bone marrow and spleen; increased the number of naïve cells (Lin-), hematopoietic stem cells (Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+), long-term self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+CD48-CD150+), B lymphocytes (CD45+CD19+), and macrophages (CD11b+F4/80+) in the bone marrow; and reduced inflammation. Preliminary intestinal flora and serum metabolome analyses indicated that the pro-hematopoietic mechanism of SZEK was associated with macrophage differentiation. Further validation revealed that SZEK promoted hematopoiesis by decreasing the number of M2 macrophages and inhibiting the secretion of negative hematopoietic regulatory factors in mice with hematopoietic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Meng Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Hongxin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Siyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Jicheng Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ye Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
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11
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Gomes JM, Marques CF, Rodrigues LC, Silva TH, Silva SS, Reis RL. 3D bioactive ionic liquid-based architectures: An anti-inflammatory approach for early-stage osteoarthritis. Acta Biomater 2024; 173:298-313. [PMID: 37979636 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting enables the fabrication of biomimetic cell-laden constructs for cartilage regeneration, offering exclusive strategies for precise pharmacological screenings in osteoarthritis (OA). Synovial inflammation plays a crucial role in OA's early stage and progression, characterized by the increased of the synovial pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines and chondrocyte apoptosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop solutions for effectively managing the primary events associated with OA. To address these issues, a phenolic-based biocompatible ionic liquid approach, combining alginate (ALG), acemannan (ACE), and cholinium caffeate (Ch[Caffeate]), was used to produce easily printable bioinks. Through the use of this strategy 3D constructs with good printing resolution and high structural integrity were obtained. The encapsulation of chondrocytes like ATDC5 cells provided structures with good cell distribution, viability, and growth, for up to 14 days. The co-culture of the constructs with THP-1 macrophages proved their ability to block pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and mediators (GM-CSF), released by the cultured cells. Moreover, incorporating the biocompatible ionic liquid into the system significantly improved its bioactive performance without compromising its physicochemical features. These findings demonstrate that ALG/ACE/Ch[Caffeate] bioinks have great potential for bioengineering cartilage tissue analogs. Besides, the developed ALG/ACE/Ch[Caffeate] bioinks protected encapsulated chondrocyte-like cells from the effect of the inflammation, assessed by a co-culture system with THP-1 macrophages. These results support the increasing use of Bio-ILs in the biomedical field, particularly for developing 3D bioprinting-based constructs to manage inflammatory-based changes in OA. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Combining natural resources with active biocompatible ionic liquids (Bio-IL) for 3D printing is herein presented as an approach for the development of tools to manage inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA). We propose combining alginate (ALG), acemannan (ACE), and cholinium caffeate (Ch[Caffeate]), a phenolic-based Bio-IL with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant features, to produce bioinks that allow to obtain 3D constructs with good printing resolution, structural integrity, and that provide encapsulated chondrocyte-like cells good viability. The establishment of a co-culture system using the printed constructs and THP-1-activated macrophages allowed us to study the encapsulated chondrocyte-like cells behaviour within an inflammatory scenario, a typical event in early-stage OA. The obtained outcomes support the beneficial use of Bio-ILs in the biomedical field, particularly for the development of 3D bioprinting-based models that allow the monitoring of inflammatory-based events in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M Gomes
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Catarina F Marques
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luísa C Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago H Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Simone S Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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12
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Steinwerth P, Bertrand J, Sandt V, Marchal S, Sahana J, Bollmann M, Schulz H, Kopp S, Grimm D, Wehland M. Structural and Molecular Changes of Human Chondrocytes Exposed to the Rotating Wall Vessel Bioreactor. Biomolecules 2023; 14:25. [PMID: 38254625 PMCID: PMC10813504 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA), a disease characterized by a loss of articular cartilage, has more than doubled worldwide. Patients suffer from pain and progressive loss of joint function. Cartilage is an avascular tissue mostly consisting of extracellular matrix with embedded chondrocytes. As such, it does not regenerate naturally, which makes an early onset of OA prevention and treatment a necessity to sustain the patients' quality of life. In recent years, tissue engineering strategies for the regeneration of cartilage lesions have gained more and more momentum. In this study, we aimed to investigate the scaffold-free 3D cartilage tissue formation under simulated microgravity in the NASA-developed rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor. For this purpose, we cultured both primary human chondrocytes as well as cells from the immortalized line C28/I2 for up to 14 days on the RWV and analyzed tissue morphology, development of apoptosis, and expression of cartilage-specific proteins and genes by histological staining, TUNEL-assays, immunohistochemical detection of collagen species, and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. We observed spheroid formation in both cell types starting on day 3. After 14 days, constructs from C28/I2 cells had diameters of up to 5 mm, while primary chondrocyte spheroids were slightly smaller with 3 mm. Further inspection of the 14-day-old C28/I2 spheroids revealed a characteristic cartilage morphology with collagen-type 1, -type 2, and -type 10 positivity. Interestingly, these tissues were less susceptible to RWV-induced differential gene expression than those formed from primary chondrocytes, which showed significant changes in the regulation of IL6, ACTB, TUBB, VIM, COL1A1, COL10A1, MMP1, MMP3, MMP13, ITGB1, LAMA1, RUNX3, SOX9, and CASP3 gene expression. These diverging findings might reflect the differences between primary and immortalized cells. Taken together, this study shows that simulated microgravity using the RWV bioreactor is suitable to engineer dense 3D cartilage-like tissue without addition of scaffolds or any other artificial materials. Both primary articular cells and the stable chondrocyte cell line C28/I2 formed 3D neocartilage when exposed for 14 days to an RWV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Steinwerth
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.S.); (V.S.); (S.M.); (H.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.B.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Viviann Sandt
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.S.); (V.S.); (S.M.); (H.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Shannon Marchal
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.S.); (V.S.); (S.M.); (H.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Miriam Bollmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.S.); (V.S.); (S.M.); (H.S.); (M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Core Facility Tissue Engineering, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.S.); (V.S.); (S.M.); (H.S.); (M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, University Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.S.); (V.S.); (S.M.); (H.S.); (M.W.)
- Research Group “Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen” (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
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13
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Gao X, Homayoonfal M. Exploring the anti-cancer potential of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) and their versatile role in enhancing drug delivery systems: a multifaceted approach to combat cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:324. [PMID: 38104078 PMCID: PMC10724890 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a growing global interest in the potential health benefits of edible natural bioactive products in recent years. Ganoderma lucidum, a medicinal mushroom, has gained attention for its decadent array of therapeutic and pharmaceutical compounds. Notably, G. lucidum exhibits significant anti-cancer effects against various cancer types. Polysaccharides, a prominent component in G. lucidum, are pivotal in conferring its diverse biological and medicinal properties. The primary focus of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer activities of G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs), with particular attention to their potential to mitigate chemotherapy-associated toxicity and enhance targeted drug delivery. Our findings reveal that GLPs exhibit anti-cancer effects through diverse mechanisms, including cytotoxicity, antioxidative properties, apoptosis induction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and anti-proliferative effects. Furthermore, the potential of GLPs-based nanoparticles (NPs) as delivery vehicles for bioactive constituents was explored. These GLPs-based NPs are designed to target various cancer tissues, enhancing the biological activity of encapsulated compounds. As such, GLPs derived from G. lucidum represent a promising avenue for inhibiting cancer progression, minimizing chemotherapy-related side effects, and supporting their utilization in combination therapies as natural adjuncts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Gao
- Department of Life Science, Lyuliang University, Lyuliang, 033001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. of Iran.
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14
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Platzer H, Marinescu M, Nawaz Q, Tripel E, Gantz S, Horsch A, Daniel V, Boccaccini AR, Hagmann S, Moradi B, Renkawitz T, Westhauser F. The Impact of 45S5-Bioactive Glass on Synovial Cells in Knee Osteoarthritis-An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7594. [PMID: 38138736 PMCID: PMC10745024 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the release of cartilage-degrading enzymes and inflammatory cytokines. 45S5-bioactive glass (45S5-BG) can modulate inflammation processes; however, its influence on OA-associated inflammation has hardly been investigated. In this study, the effects of 45S5-BG on the release of cartilage-degrading metalloproteinases and cytokines from synovial membrane cells (SM) isolated from patients with knee OA was assessed in vitro. SM were cultivated as SM monocultures in the presence or absence of 45S5-BG. On day 1 (d1) and d7 (d7), the concentrations of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cytokines were assessed. In 45S5-BG-treated SM cultures, MMP9 concentration was significantly reduced at d1 and d7, whilst MMP13 was significantly increased at d7. Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1B and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in 45S5-BG-treated SM cultures were significantly increased at both time points, as were interferon gamma (IFNG) and IL-6 at d7. Our data show an effect of 45S5-BG on SM activity, which was not clearly protective, anti-inflammatory, or pro-inflammatory. The influence of 45S5-BG on MMP release was more suggestive of a cartilage protective effect, but 45S5-BG also increased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further studies are needed to analyze the effect of BGs on OA inflammation, including the anti-inflammatory modification of BG compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadrian Platzer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
| | - Max Marinescu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
| | - Qaisar Nawaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91085 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elena Tripel
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
| | - Simone Gantz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
| | - Axel Horsch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
| | - Volker Daniel
- Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91085 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
| | - Babak Moradi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
| | - Fabian Westhauser
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.)
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15
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Song S, Zhang X, Wu L, Wu J, Li X. Topical Application of Baicalin Combined with Echinacoside Ameliorates Psoriatic Skin Lesions by Suppressing the Inflammation-Related TNF Signaling Pathway and the Angiogenesis-Related VEGF Signaling Pathway. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40260-40276. [PMID: 37929119 PMCID: PMC10620902 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Baicalin (BAI), the main active component of Scutellaria baicalensis, has significant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Echinacoside (ECH), an active component from Echinacea purpurea, has significant antiangiogenesis and antioxidant effects. In previous studies, BAI or ECH has been used for some skin inflammation problems by topical treatment. Psoriasis (PSO) is a common inflammatory skin disease with typical features such as excessive inflammatory response and vascular proliferation in skin lesions. Because of the anti-inflammatory effect of BAI and the antiangiogenic activity of ECH, it is proposed that the combination of BAI and ECH can ameliorate psoriatic skin lesions better than a single component. This study aims to explore the effects and potential mechanisms of BAI combined with ECH on imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic skin lesions by topical treatment. Transcriptome analysis first showed that the TNF signaling pathway and the VEGF signaling pathway were significantly enriched in IMQ-induced psoriatic skin lesions. Topical application of BAI combined with ECH could ameliorate IMQ-induced skin lesions in mice, especially the better effects of B2-E1 (BAI/ECH = 2:1). Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking indicated that BAI-treated PSO on the skin by regulating the TNF signaling pathway, and ECH treated PSO on the skin by regulating the VEGF signaling pathway. Meanwhile, the ELISA test and the qPCR assay showed that BAI combined with ECH could inhibit the expression of key cytokines and genes related to the TNF signaling pathway and the VEGF signaling pathway. Zebrafish experiments demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effects of BAI combined with ECH and revealed the potential mechanisms associated with regulating the inflammation-related TNF signaling pathway and the angiogenesis-related VEGF signaling pathway. This suggested that BAI combined with ECH may be a promising topical agent to ameliorate psoriatic skin lesions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Shasha Song
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union
Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
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16
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Yabuuchi K, Suzuki M, Liang C, Hashimoto Y, Kimura T, Akiyoshi K, Kishida A. Preparation of Cholesterol-Modified Hyaluronic Acid Nanogel-Based Hydrogel and the Inflammatory Evaluation Using Macrophage-like Cells. Gels 2023; 9:866. [PMID: 37998957 PMCID: PMC10671248 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanogels are candidate biomaterials for tissue engineering and drug delivery. In the present study, a cholesterol-hyaluronic acid hydrogel was developed, and the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages to the hydrogel was investigated to determine its use in biomedical applications. Hyaluronic acid modified with cholesterol (modification rate: 0-15%) and maleimide (Chol-HA) was synthesized. The Chol-HA nanogel was formed through self-assembly via hydrophobic cholesterol interactions in aqueous solution. The Chol-HA hydrogel was formed through chemical crosslinking of the Chol-HA nanogel via a Michael addition reaction between the maleimide and thiol groups of 4arm-PEGSH. We found that the Chol-HA hydrogels with 5, 10, and 15% cholesterol inhibited the pro-inflammatory response of HiBiT-THP-1 cells, suggesting that the cholesterol contributed to the macrophage response. Furthermore, Interleukin 4 (IL-4) encapsulated in the hydrogel of the Chol-HA nanogel enhanced the inhibition of the inflammatory response in HiBiT-THP-1 cells. These results provide useful insights into the biomedical applications of hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yabuuchi
- New Product Development Office, R&D Group, Healthcare Materials Division, Life Innovation SBU, Asahi Kasei Co., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0006, Japan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Mika Suzuki
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Chen Liang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hashimoto
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kimura
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akio Kishida
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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Tan Y, Taibl KR, Dunlop AL, Barr DB, Panuwet P, Yakimavets V, Kannan K, Corwin EJ, Ryan PB, Eatman JA, Liang D, Eick SM. Association between a Mixture of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13419-13428. [PMID: 37649345 PMCID: PMC10900195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been identified as environmental contributors to adverse birth outcomes. One potential mechanistic pathway could be through PFAS-related inflammation and cytokine production. Here, we examined associations between a PFAS mixture and inflammatory biomarkers during early and late pregnancy from participants enrolled in the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child Cohort (N = 425). Serum concentrations of multiple PFAS were detected in >90% samples at 8-14 weeks gestation. Serum concentrations of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at up to two time points (8-14 weeks and 24-30 weeks gestation). The effect of the PFAS mixture on each inflammatory biomarker was examined using quantile g-computation, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), Bayesian Weighted Sums (BWS), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression. Across all models, the PFAS mixture was associated with increased IFN-γ, IL-10, and TNF-α at both time points, with the strongest effects being observed at 24-30 weeks. Using quantile g-computation, increasing concentrations of a PFAS mixture were associated with a 29% (95% confidence interval = 18.0%, 40.7%) increase in TNF-α at 24-30 weeks. Similarly, using BWS, the PFAS mixture was associated with increased TNF-α at 24-30 weeks (summed effect = 0.29, 95% highest posterior density = 0.17, 0.41). The PFAS mixture was also positively associated with TNF-α at 24-30 weeks using BKMR [75th vs 50th percentile: 17.1% (95% credible interval = 7.7%, 27.4%)]. Meanwhile, PFOS was consistently the main drivers of overall mixture effect across four methods. Our findings indicated an increase in prenatal PFAS exposure is associated with an increase in multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines, potentially contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youran Tan
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Kaitlin R. Taibl
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Volha Yakimavets
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | | | - P. Barry Ryan
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Jasmin A. Eatman
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Donghai Liang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Eick
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
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Li W, Yu L, Li W, Ge G, Ma Y, Xiao L, Qiao Y, Huang W, Huang W, Wei M, Wang Z, Bai J, Geng D. Prevention and treatment of inflammatory arthritis with traditional Chinese medicine: Underlying mechanisms based on cell and molecular targets. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101981. [PMID: 37302756 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis, primarily including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, is a group of chronic inflammatory diseases, whose general feature is joint dysfunction with chronic pain and eventually causes disability in older people. To date, both Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have developed a variety of therapeutic methods for inflammatory arthritis and achieved excellent results. But there is still a long way to totally cure these diseases. TCM has been used to treat various joint diseases for thousands of years in Asia. In this review, we summarize clinical efficacies of TCM in inflammatory arthritis treatment after reviewing the results demonstrated in meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and clinical trials. We pioneered taking inflammatory arthritis-related cell targets of TCM as the entry point and further elaborated the molecular targets inside the cells of TCM, especially the signaling pathways. In addition, we also briefly discussed the relationship between gut microbiota and TCM and described the role of drug delivery systems for using TCM more accurately and safely. We provide updated and comprehensive insights into the clinical application of TCM for inflammatory arthritis treatment. We hope this review can guide and inspire researchers to further explore mechanisms of the anti-arthritis activity of TCM and make a great leap forward in comprehending the science of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaoran Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yusen Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Minggang Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Peng Y, Jiang H, Zuo HD. Factors affecting osteogenesis and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in osteoarthritis. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:548-560. [PMID: 37424946 PMCID: PMC10324504 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i6.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that often involves progressive cartilage degeneration and bone destruction of subchondral bone. At present, clinical treatment is mainly for pain relief, and there are no effective methods to delay the progression of the disease. When this disease progresses to the advanced stage, the only treatment option for most patients is total knee replacement surgery, which causes patients great pain and anxiety. As a type of stem cell, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multidirectional differentiation potential. The osteogenic differentiation and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs can play vital roles in the treatment of OA, as they can relieve pain in patients and improve joint function. The differentiation direction of MSCs is accurately controlled by a variety of signaling pathways, so there are many factors that can affect the differentiation direction of MSCs by acting on these signaling pathways. When MSCs are applied to OA treatment, the microenvironment of the joints, injected drugs, scaffold materials, source of MSCs and other factors exert specific impacts on the differentiation direction of MSCs. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms by which these factors influence MSC differentiation to produce better curative effects when MSCs are applied clinically in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Peng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hou-Dong Zuo
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Radiology, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu 610067, Sichuan Province, China
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20
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Khandelwal K, Jajoo V, Bajpai K, Madke B, Prasad R, Wanjari MB, Munjewar PK, Taksande AB. Rituximab in Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Review of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Dermatology. Cureus 2023; 15:e40734. [PMID: 37485224 PMCID: PMC10361785 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder that primarily affects the skin and mucous membranes. Conventional treatments for PV, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents, have limitations in terms of efficacy and long-term safety. Monoclonal antibody therapy, specifically rituximab, has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach in the management of PV. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of rituximab in the treatment of PV, with a focus on its efficacy, safety profile, and immunological mechanisms of action. The article begins with an introduction to PV and the significance of monoclonal antibody therapy in dermatology. It then explores the clinical presentation and underlying immune-mediated mechanisms of PV, highlighting the autoimmune nature of the disease. The rationale for using monoclonal antibody therapy, particularly rituximab, in PV is discussed, emphasizing the limitations of conventional treatments and the concept of targeted therapy. The review delves into the efficacy and safety of rituximab based on clinical studies, evaluating disease remission rates, duration, and relapse rates. Furthermore, the immunological effects of rituximab, including B-cell depletion and modulation of the immune response, are explored in detail. Comparisons between rituximab and conventional treatment modalities in PV are made, assessing clinical outcomes, safety profiles, and long-term efficacy. Challenges and considerations in rituximab therapy are discussed, including factors influencing its efficacy, optimal dosing, treatment duration, and the need for maintenance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Khandelwal
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Vedika Jajoo
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Kshitij Bajpai
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Bhushan Madke
- Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur B Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pratiksha K Munjewar
- Medical Surgical Nursing, Srimati Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Avinash B Taksande
- Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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21
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Zheng S, Zhou B, Yang L, Hou A, Zhang J, Yu H, Kuang H, Jiang H, Yang L. System pharmacology analysis to decipher the effect and mechanism of active ingredients combination from Duhuo Jisheng decoction on osteoarthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116679. [PMID: 37257711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Duhuo Jisheng decoction is a traditional Chinese formula that has been widely used in clinical practice to treat osteoarthritis, which has the effects of removing invaded cold and dampness, relieving joint pain. However, it is difficult to determine the effective substances and mechanisms due to assorted herbs and components, and further research is needed. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to explore and verify the mechanism and targets of DHJSD in the treatment of OA via network analysis and experiments. METHOD In this study, the active ingredients of DHJSD were qualitatively analyzed by UPLC-QDA. Network analysis was used to identify common targets and pathways. Next, we explored the therapeutic mechanism of DHJSD through a rat model of knee osteoarthritis. HE staining was used to judge the establishment of the animal model. ELISA and Western blotting were used to verify the expression of key pathway proteins. CONCLUSION In this study, seventeen chemical constituents in DHJSD were identified. According to the network analysis, we obtained the potential associated pathways of action. Then, molecular docking and SPR experiments showed that the sixteen identified components had high binding energies to IL-6. HE staining showed that the high-dose group of DHJSD had an obvious therapeutic effect on model rats. Compared with the model group, the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5 in serum and the expression of STAT3 and p-STAT3 protein in administration groups were significantly decreased. This result indicated that the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway was one of the important pathways regulated by DHJSD to improve OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senwang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Higher College, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NanChang, 330000, PR China
| | - Ajiao Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Jiaxu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, PR China.
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22
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Rahman MM, Watton PN, Neu CP, Pierce DM. A chemo-mechano-biological modeling framework for cartilage evolving in health, disease, injury, and treatment. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 231:107419. [PMID: 36842346 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pervasive and debilitating disease, wherein degeneration of cartilage features prominently. Despite extensive research, we do not yet understand the cause or progression of OA. Studies show biochemical, mechanical, and biological factors affect cartilage health. Mechanical loads influence synthesis of biochemical constituents which build and/or break down cartilage, and which in turn affect mechanical loads. OA-associated biochemical profiles activate cellular activity that disrupts homeostasis. To understand the complex interplay among mechanical stimuli, biochemical signaling, and cartilage function requires integrating vast research on experimental mechanics and mechanobiology-a task approachable only with computational models. At present, mechanical models of cartilage generally lack chemo-biological effects, and biochemical models lack coupled mechanics, let alone interactions over time. METHODS We establish a first-of-its kind virtual cartilage: a modeling framework that considers time-dependent, chemo-mechano-biologically induced turnover of key constituents resulting from biochemical, mechanical, and/or biological activity. We include the "minimally essential" yet complex chemical and mechanobiological mechanisms. Our 3-D framework integrates a constitutive model for the mechanics of cartilage with a novel model of homeostatic adaptation by chondrocytes to pathological mechanical stimuli, and a new application of anisotropic growth (loss) to simulate degradation clinically observed as cartilage thinning. RESULTS Using a single set of representative parameters, our simulations of immobilizing and overloading successfully captured loss of cartilage quantified experimentally. Simulations of immobilizing, overloading, and injuring cartilage predicted dose-dependent recovery of cartilage when treated with suramin, a proposed therapeutic for OA. The modeling framework prompted us to add growth factors to the suramin treatment, which predicted even better recovery. CONCLUSIONS Our flexible framework is a first step toward computational investigations of how cartilage and chondrocytes mechanically and biochemically evolve in degeneration of OA and respond to pharmacological therapies. Our framework will enable future studies to link physical activity and resulting mechanical stimuli to progression of OA and loss of cartilage function, facilitating new fundamental understanding of the complex progression of OA and elucidating new perspectives on causes, treatments, and possible preventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul N Watton
- Department of Computer Science & Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Corey P Neu
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - David M Pierce
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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23
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Kraus SE, Lee E. Engineering approaches to investigate the roles of lymphatics vessels in rheumatoid arthritis. Microcirculation 2023; 30:e12769. [PMID: 35611452 PMCID: PMC9684355 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory joint disorders. While our understanding of the autoimmune processes that lead to synovial degradation has improved, a majority of patients are still resistant to current treatments and require new therapeutics. An understudied and promising area for therapy involves the roles of lymphatic vessels (LVs) in RA progression, which has been observed to have a significant effect on mediating chronic inflammation. RA disease progression has been shown to correlate with dramatic changes in LV structure and interstitial fluid drainage, manifesting in the retention of distinct immune cell phenotypes within the synovium. Advances in dynamic imaging technologies have demonstrated that LVs in RA undergo an initial expansion phase of increased LVs and abnormal contractions followed by a collapsed phase of reduced lymphatic function and immune cell clearance in vivo. However, current animal models of RA fail to decouple biological and biophysical factors that might be responsible for this lymphatic dysfunction in RA, and a few attempted in vitro models of the synovium in RA have not yet included the contributions from the LVs. Various methods of replicating LVs in vitro have been developed to study lymphatic biology, but these have yet not been integrated into the RA context. This review discusses the roles of LVs in RA and the current engineering approaches to improve our understanding of lymphatic pathophysiology in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E. Kraus
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Esak Lee
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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24
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Liu S, Pan Y, Li T, Zou M, Liu W, Li Q, Wan H, Peng J, Hao L. The Role of Regulated Programmed Cell Death in Osteoarthritis: From Pathogenesis to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065364. [PMID: 36982438 PMCID: PMC10049357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a worldwide chronic disease that can cause severe inflammation to damage the surrounding tissue and cartilage. There are many different factors that can lead to osteoarthritis, but abnormally progressed programmed cell death is one of the most important risk factors that can induce osteoarthritis. Prior studies have demonstrated that programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and cuproptosis, has a great connection with osteoarthritis. In this paper, we review the role of different types of programmed cell death in the generation and development of OA and how the different signal pathways modulate the different cell death to regulate the development of OA. Additionally, this review provides new insights into the radical treatment of osteoarthritis rather than conservative treatment, such as anti-inflammation drugs or surgical operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Marry College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yurong Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Marry College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Mi Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wenji Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Huan Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Peng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (L.H.); Tel.: +86-15983280459 (J.P.); +86-13607008562 (L.H.)
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (L.H.); Tel.: +86-15983280459 (J.P.); +86-13607008562 (L.H.)
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25
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Zhang Y, Shen J, Ma X, He Y, Zhang Y, Cao D. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Phenylethanoids from Acanthus ilicifolius var. xiamenensis. J Med Food 2023; 26:135-145. [PMID: 36637805 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acanthus ilicifolius var. xiamenensis is a traditional herbal medicine in China. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activities of active ingredients of A. ilicifolius var. xiamenensis were investigated in RAW 264.7 cells and Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Results showed that n-butanol extract exerted antiarthritic potential by reducing paw edema, arthritis score, and altered hematological and biochemical parameters in experimental rats. Phytochemical studies on n-butanol extract resulted in the isolation of five alkaloids (1-5) and five phenylethanoids (6-10). The anti-inflammatory assay of compounds 1-10 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells indicated that phenylethanoids 9 and 10 exhibited notable inhibitory activities. The result indicated that compounds 9 and 10 attenuated inflammation by decreasing the production of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, inhibitory subunit of NF kappa B alpha, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-mediated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Phenylethanoids 9 and 10 increased the expression of interleukin-10 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Therefore, compounds 9 and 10 showed anti-inflammatory activity by regulation of NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinhuang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yubin He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dairong Cao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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26
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Kosonen JP, Eskelinen ASA, Orozco GA, Nieminen P, Anderson DD, Grodzinsky AJ, Korhonen RK, Tanska P. Injury-related cell death and proteoglycan loss in articular cartilage: Numerical model combining necrosis, reactive oxygen species, and inflammatory cytokines. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1010337. [PMID: 36701279 PMCID: PMC9879441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal disease that leads to deterioration of articular cartilage, joint pain, and decreased quality of life. When OA develops after a joint injury, it is designated as post-traumatic OA (PTOA). The etiology of PTOA remains poorly understood, but it is known that proteoglycan (PG) loss, cell dysfunction, and cell death in cartilage are among the first signs of the disease. These processes, influenced by biomechanical and inflammatory stimuli, disturb the normal cell-regulated balance between tissue synthesis and degeneration. Previous computational mechanobiological models have not explicitly incorporated the cell-mediated degradation mechanisms triggered by an injury that eventually can lead to tissue-level compositional changes. Here, we developed a 2-D mechanobiological finite element model to predict necrosis, apoptosis following excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-1)-driven apoptosis in cartilage explant. The resulting PG loss over 30 days was simulated. Biomechanically triggered PG degeneration, associated with cell necrosis, excessive ROS production, and cell apoptosis, was predicted to be localized near a lesion, while interleukin-1 diffusion-driven PG degeneration was manifested more globally. Interestingly, the model also showed proteolytic activity and PG biosynthesis closer to the levels of healthy tissue when pro-inflammatory cytokines were rapidly inhibited or cleared from the culture medium, leading to partial recovery of PG content. The numerical predictions of cell death and PG loss were supported by previous experimental findings. Furthermore, the simulated ROS and inflammation mechanisms had longer-lasting effects (over 3 days) on the PG content than localized necrosis. The mechanobiological model presented here may serve as a numerical tool for assessing early cartilage degeneration mechanisms and the efficacy of interventions to mitigate PTOA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonas P. Kosonen
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Gustavo A. Orozco
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petteri Nieminen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Donald D. Anderson
- Departments of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation and Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Alan J. Grodzinsky
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rami K. Korhonen
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petri Tanska
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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27
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Selig M, Azizi S, Walz K, Lauer JC, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Cell morphology as a biological fingerprint of chondrocyte phenotype in control and inflammatory conditions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1102912. [PMID: 36860844 PMCID: PMC9968733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Little is known how inflammatory processes quantitatively affect chondrocyte morphology and how single cell morphometric data could be used as a biological fingerprint of phenotype. Methods We investigated whether trainable high-throughput quantitative single cell morphology profiling combined with population-based gene expression analysis can be used to identify biological fingerprints that are discriminatory of control vs. inflammatory phenotypes. The shape of a large number of chondrocytes isolated from bovine healthy and human osteoarthritic (OA) cartilages was quantified under control and inflammatory (IL-1β) conditions using a trainable image analysis technique measuring a panel of cell shape descriptors (area, length, width, circularity, aspect ratio, roundness, solidity). The expression profiles of phenotypically relevant markers were quantified by ddPCR. Statistical analysis, multivariate data exploration, and projection-based modelling were used for identifying specific morphological fingerprints indicative of phenotype. Results Cell morphology was sensitive to both cell density and IL-1β. In both cell types, all shape descriptors correlated with expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)- and inflammatory-regulating genes. A hierarchical clustered image map revealed that individual samples sometimes responded differently in control or IL-1β conditions than the overall population. Despite these variances, discriminative projection-based modeling revealed distinct morphological fingerprints that discriminated between control and inflammatory chondrocyte phenotypes: the most essential morphological characteristics attributable to non-treated control cells was a higher cell aspect ratio in healthy bovine chondrocytes and roundness in OA human chondrocytes. In contrast, a higher circularity and width in healthy bovine chondrocytes and length and area in OA human chondrocytes indicated an inflammatory (IL-1β) phenotype. When comparing the two species/health conditions, bovine healthy and human OA chondrocytes exhibited comparable IL-1β-induced morphologies in roundness, a widely recognized marker of chondrocyte phenotype, and aspect ratio. Discussion Overall, cell morphology can be used as a biological fingerprint for describing chondrocyte phenotype. Quantitative single cell morphometry in conjunction with advanced methods for multivariate data analysis allows identifying morphological fingerprints that can discriminate between control and inflammatory chondrocyte phenotypes. This approach could be used to assess how culture conditions, inflammatory mediators, and therapeutic modulators regulate cell phenotype and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Saman Azizi
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Kathrin Walz
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jasmin C Lauer
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Li Z, Yang H, Hai Y, Cheng Y. Regulatory Effect of Inflammatory Mediators in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:6210885. [PMID: 37101594 PMCID: PMC10125773 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6210885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major contributor to back, neck, and radicular pain. It is related to changes in tissue structure and function, including the breakdown of the extracellular matrix (ECM), aging, apoptosis of the nucleus pulposus, and biomechanical tissue impairment. Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that inflammatory mediators play a crucial role in IDD, and they are being explored as potential treatment targets for IDD and associated disorders. For example, interleukins (IL), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), chemokines, and inflammasomes have all been linked to the pathophysiology of IDD. These inflammatory mediators are found in high concentrations in intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues and cells and are associated with the severity of LBP and IDD. It is feasible to reduce the production of these proinflammatory mediators and develop a novel therapy for IDD, which will be a hotspot of future research. In this review, the effects of inflammatory mediators in IDD were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfu Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yong Hai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yunzhong Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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Fitriah M, Putri AE, Semedi BP, Atika A, Tambunan BA. Immunomodulation Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Severe - Critical COVID-19 Patients. Open Access Emerg Med 2023; 15:109-118. [PMID: 37124663 PMCID: PMC10143688 DOI: 10.2147/oaem.s405555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) is an alternative therapy for managing COVID-19, but its use is still controversial. Objective Analyzing the effectiveness of CPT in modulating immune responses based on SARS-COV-2 anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (s-RBD) IgG, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-4), and mortality in severe-critical COVID-19 patients. Methods This study was an observational analytical with a prospective cohort design. The number of participants was 39 patients from June to December 2020. The participants received CPT and was tested for blood analysis such as IL-4, IL-6 and s-RBD IgG. The data were taken a day before CPT, 1st day, 2nd day, and 7th day after CPT. The analysis included Friedman, Pearson correlation, and Mann-Whitney test which is significant if p <0.05. Results The value of participant's s-RBD IgG before CPT was 91.49 (0.43-3074.73) AU/mL and the 7th day post-CPT, s-RBD IgG value of 1169.79 (6.48-5577.91) AU/mL (p <0.001). The IL-4 value before CPT was 1.78 (0.85-5.21) ng/mL and the 7th day post-CPT, IL-4 value of 1.97 (0.87-120.30) ng/mL (p = 0.401). The condition was also found in IL-6 value, in which the IL-4 value participant before CPT was 109.61 (0.73-4701.63) ng/mL and the 7th day post-CPT, IL-6 value of 1.97 (0.87-120.30) ng/mL (p = 0.401). No significant correlation found between increased s-RBD IgG level with increased IL-4 and decreased IL-6 before and after CPT in severe-critical COVID-19 patients (p >0.05). No significant correlation was also found between increased s-RBD IgG levels, IL-4 too, and decreased IL-6 after CPT therapy between deceased and alive patients, both in 1st, 2nd, and 7th days (p >0.05). Conclusion No correlation between the increase in s-RBD IgG levels and changes in IL-4 and IL-6 levels. Changes in s-RBD IgG, IL-4, and IL-6 levels are not associated with mortality in severe-critical COVID-19 degree post CPT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munawaroh Fitriah
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Aditea Etnawati Putri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Pujo Semedi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Atika Atika
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Betty Agustina Tambunan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Correspondence: Betty Agustina Tambunan, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Jl. Mayjend Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 6-8, Airlangga, Gubeng, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia, Tel +6231-5023865, Email
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Interferon-gamma modulates articular chondrocyte and osteoblast metabolism through protein kinase R-independent and dependent mechanisms. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 32:101323. [PMID: 36105611 PMCID: PMC9464860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) affects multiple tissues of the synovial joint and is characterised by articular cartilage degeneration and bone remodelling. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is implicated in osteoarthritis pathology exerting its biological effects via various mechanisms including activation of protein kinase R (PKR), which has been implicated in inflammation and arthritis. This study investigated whether treatment of articular cartilage chondrocytes and osteoblasts with IFN-γ could induce a degradative phenotype that was mediated through the PKR signalling pathway. IFN-γ treatment of chondrocytes increased transcription of key inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6), matrix degrading enzymes (MMP-13), the transcription factor STAT1, and PKR. Activation of PKR was involved in the regulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and STAT1. In osteoblasts, IFN-γ increased human and mouse STAT1, and human IL-6 through a mechanism involving PKR. ALP, COL1A1 (human and mouse), RUNX2 (mouse), and PHOSPHO1 (mouse) were decreased by IFN-γ. The number of PKR positive cells were increased in post-traumatic OA (PTOA). This study has revealed that IFN-γ propagates inflammatory and degenerative events in articular chondrocytes and osteoblasts via PKR activation. Since IFN-γ and PKR signalling are both activated in early PTOA, these mechanisms are likely to contribute to joint degeneration after injury and might offer attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. •IFN-γ treatment of chondrocytes increased transcription of TNF-α, IL-6, and STAT1 via PKR activation. •In osteoblasts, IFN-γ increased STAT1 and IL-6 via PKR activation. •The number of PKR positive cells were increased in post-traumatic OA (PTOA). •IFN-γ propagates inflammatory and degenerative events in articular chondrocytes and osteoblasts via PKR activation. •IFN-γ and PKR signalling are both activated in early PTOA and are likely to contribute to joint degeneration after injury.
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Wang Y, Liu L, Le Z, Tay A. Analysis of Nanomedicine Efficacy for Osteoarthritis. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore
| | - Ling Liu
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology National University of Singapore Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Zhicheng Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore
| | - Andy Tay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology National University of Singapore Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Tissue Engineering Programme National University of Singapore Singapore 117510 Singapore
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32
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Szostak B, Gorący A, Pala B, Rosik J, Ustianowski Ł, Pawlik A. Latest models for the discovery and development of rheumatoid arthritis drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:1261-1278. [PMID: 36184990 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2131765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that reduces the quality of life. The current speed of development of therapeutic agents against RA is not satisfactory. Models on which initial experiments are conducted do not fully reflect human pathogenesis. Overcoming this oversimplification might be a crucial step to accelerate studies on RA treatment. AREAS COVERED The current approaches to produce novel models or to improve currently available models for the development of RA drugs have been discussed. Advantages and drawbacks of two- and three-dimensional cell cultures and animal models have been described based on recently published results of the studies. Moreover, approaches such as tissue engineering or organ-on-a-chip have been reviewed. EXPERT OPINION The cell cultures and animal models used to date appear to be of limited value due to the complexity of the processes involved in RA. Current models in RA research should take into account the heterogeneity of patients in terms of disease subtypes, course, and activity. Several advanced models and tools using human cells and tissues have been developed, including three-dimensional tissues, liquid bioreactors, and more complex joint-on-a-chip devices. This may increase knowledge of the molecular mechanisms leading to disease development, to help identify new biomarkers for early detection, and to develop preventive strategies and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Gorący
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Pala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University Hospital No. 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Łukasz Ustianowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Ajmal I, Farooq MA, Abbas SQ, Shah J, Majid M, Jiang W. Isoprenaline and salbutamol inhibit pyroptosis and promote mitochondrial biogenesis in arthritic chondrocytes by downregulating β-arrestin and GRK2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:996321. [PMID: 36188601 PMCID: PMC9519065 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.996321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis overlap many molecular mechanisms of cartilage destruction. Wear and tear in cartilage is chondrocyte-mediated, where chondrocytes act both as effector and target cells. In current study, role of β2-AR was studied in chondrocytes both in vitro and in vivo. High grade inflammation in vitro and in vivo disease models led to decline in anti-inflammatory β2-AR signaling and use of β2-AR agonist attenuated arthritis symptoms. Detailed analysis in chondrocytes revealed that Isoprenaline (ISO) and Salbutamol (SBT) increased cell viability and relative Bcl-2 expression, meanwhile, decreased proteins levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in arthritic chondrocytes when compared with control, respectively. SBT preserved physiological concentration of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, SOD and GSH) in cartilage homogenates and ISO inhibited IL-1β-mediated genotoxicity in arthritic chondrocytes. Moreover, β2-AR agonist increased mitochondrial biogenesis and proteoglycan biosynthesis by upregulating the gene expression of PGC1-α, NRF2 and COL2A1, Acan, respectively. ISO and SBT inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation by downregulating the gene expression of MMP1, MMP3, MMP9 and ADAMTS5 in vitro and in vivo study. In mechanism, β2-AR agonists decreased β-arrestin and GRK2 pathway, and as a result mice receiving SBT did not exhibit severe disease. Hence our data suggest β2-AR agonist administered at disease onset can inhibit receptor internalization by downregulating the expression of β-arrestin and GRK2 in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Ajmal
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Asad Farooq
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Syed Qamar Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jaffer Shah
- Department of Health, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Jaffer Shah, ; Muhammad Majid, ; Wenzheng Jiang,
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Jaffer Shah, ; Muhammad Majid, ; Wenzheng Jiang,
| | - Wenzheng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jaffer Shah, ; Muhammad Majid, ; Wenzheng Jiang,
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The Associations between Cytokine Levels, Kidney and Heart Function Biomarkers, and Expression Levels of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 and Neuropilin-1 in COVID-19 Patients. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071045. [PMID: 35891209 PMCID: PMC9316107 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Higher expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) in addition to neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) can lead to a cytokine storm which is correlated to higher mortality rate and contributes to the progression of renal diseases and the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD) in COVID-19 patients. Aim: We herein sought to examine correlations between cytokine levels, ACE-2 and NRP-1 expression, renal function biomarkers, and cardiac enzymes in COVID-19 patients. Patients and Methods: For the study, 50 healthy subjects and 100 COVID-19 patients were enrolled. Then, confirmed cases of COVID-19 were divided into two groups—those with moderate infection and those with severe infection—and compared to healthy controls. Serum creatinine, urea, CK-MB, LDH, troponin I, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and INF-γ levels were estimated. We also studied the gene expression for ACE-2 and NRP-1 in blood samples utilizing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: All COVID-19 patients demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of serum creatinine, urea, CK-MB, LDH, and troponin I, as well as examined cytokines compared to the healthy controls. Furthermore, ACE-2 mRNA and NRP-1 mRNA expression levels demonstrated a significant increase in both severe and moderate COVID-19 patient groups. In the severe group, serum creatinine and urea levels were positively correlated with IL-10, INF-γ, NRP-1, and ACE-2 expression levels. Moreover, LDH was positively correlated with all the examined cytokine, NRP-1, and ACE-2 expression levels. Conclusion: Deficits in renal and cardiac functions might be attributable to cytokine storm resulting from the higher expression of ACE-2 and NRP-1 in cases of COVID-19.
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Porter A, Wang L, Han L, Lu XL. Bio-orthogonal Click Chemistry Methods to Evaluate the Metabolism of Inflammatory Challenged Cartilage after Traumatic Overloading. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2564-2573. [PMID: 35561285 PMCID: PMC10461521 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During traumatic joint injuries, impact overloading can cause mechanical damage to the cartilage. In the following inflammation phase, excessive inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1β (IL-1β)) can act on chondrocytes, causing over-proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation that can lead to osteoarthritis. This study investigated the combined effects of traumatic overloading and IL-1β challenge on the metabolic activities of chondrocytes. Bovine cartilage explants underwent impact overloading followed by IL-1β exposure at a physiologically relevant dosage (1 ng/mL). New click chemistry-based methods were developed to visualize and quantify the proliferation of in situ chondrocytes in a nondestructive manner without the involvement of histological sectioning or antibodies. Click chemistry-based methods were also employed to measure the ECM synthesis and degradation in cartilage explants. As the click reactions are copper-free and bio-orthogonal, i.e., with negligible cellular toxicity, cartilage ECM was cultured and studied for 6 weeks. Traumatic overloading induced significant cell death, mainly in the superficial zone. The high number of dead cells reduced the overall proliferation of chondrocytes as well as the synthesis of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen contents, but overloading alone had no effects on ECM degradation. IL-1β challenge had little effect on cell viability, proliferation, or protein synthesis but induced over 40% GAG loss in 10 days and 61% collagen loss in 6 weeks. For the overloaded samples, IL-1β induced greater degrees of degradation, with 68% GAG loss in 10 days and 80% collagen loss in 6 weeks. The results imply a necessary immediate ease of inflammation after joint injuries when trauma damage on cartilage is present. The new click chemistry methods could benefit many cellular and tissue engineering studies, providing convenient and sensitive assays of metabolic activities of cells in native three-dimensional (3D) environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Porter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Liyun Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - X Lucas Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Guan T, Ding LG, Lu BY, Guo JY, Wu MY, Tan ZQ, Hou SZ. Combined Administration of Curcumin and Chondroitin Sulfate Alleviates Cartilage Injury and Inflammation via NF-κB Pathway in Knee Osteoarthritis Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:882304. [PMID: 35662715 PMCID: PMC9161211 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.882304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative chronic disease that most often occurs in the knee joint. Studies have shown that some food supplements, such as curcumin and chondroitin sulfate, are effective in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by exhibiting different protective effects. In this study, we further investigated the combined therapeutic effects of curcumin and chondroitin sulfate on cartilage injury in rats with arthritis. Methods: An experimental KOA model was induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rats. All rats were randomly divided into five groups: Ctrl (control), model (saline), Cur (20 mg/kg curcumin in saline), CS (100 mg/kg chondroitin sulfate in saline), and CA (20 mg/kg curcumin and 100 mg/kg chondroitin sulfate in saline); drugs were given 2 weeks after MIA injection. The histomorphological changes of cartilage were observed by safranin fast green staining, H&E staining, and micro-CT scanning. Also, the levels of PGE2, TNF-α and IL-1β in the arthral fluid and serum were determined by the ELISA kits. The activities of SOD, CAT, COMP, MMP-3, and type II collagen were detected by biochemical kits. The expressions of TLR4, p-NF-κB, NF-κB, and COX-2 in cartilage were detected by Western blot. Results: Data show that serum levels of IL-1β (p < 0.05), SOD (p < 0.0001), and MMP-3 (p < 0.001) were downregulated significantly in the CA group when compared to those in the model group. Meanwhile, obvious repair of cartilage with higher contains collagen II (p < 0.0001) could be observed in the CA group than the ones in Cur or CS group. In addition, significant downregulation of the expression of p-p65/p65 (p < 0.05) was found in the CA group. Conclusion: Our findings showed that combined administration of curcumin and chondroitin sulfate could exert better repair for KOA in rat models. This may hold great promise for discovering potential drugs to treat KOA and may improve treatment options for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu-Gang Ding
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao-Yuan Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yi Guo
- Guangzhou Hongyun Medical Scientific and Technological Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Yin Wu
- Guangzhou Hongyun Medical Scientific and Technological Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qun Tan
- Guangzhou Hongyun Medical Scientific and Technological Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorder, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shao-Zhen Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Platzer H, Trauth R, Nees TA, Tripel E, Gantz S, Schiltenwolf M, Moradi B, Rosshirt N. CD8 + T Cells in OA Knee Joints Are Differentiated into Subsets Depending on OA Stage and Compartment. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102814. [PMID: 35628940 PMCID: PMC9145354 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is no longer considered a purely degenerative disease. OA is defined as a disease of the entire joint, in which inflammation occurs in various joint tissues. The overall aim of this study was to analyze the presence and polarization of CD8+ T cell subsets in OA knee joints, in relation to the OA stage and compartment (synovial fluid (SF), synovial membrane (SM,) peripheral blood (PB)). A quantitative flow analysis of CD8+ T cell subsets to compare the SF, SM, PB, was performed in patients with different stages of OA (early, unicondylar and bicondylar OA). Samples of the SF, SM and PB were harvested from a total of 55 patients at the time of surgery. Early OA was confirmed by independent surgeons intraoperatively. Uni- and bicondylar OA was confirmed and graded by two plane radiographs. Samples were analyzed by flow cytometry for surface markers, and cytokines by intracellular staining (ICS). CD8+ T cells were shown to be differentiated into pro-inflammatory IFN-γ producing Tc1 and IL-17A producing Tc17, as well as anti-inflammatory IL-4 producing Tc2. All CD8+ T cell subsets (Tc1, Tc17, and Tc2) were detected in both the SM and SF. The percentage of CD8+ T cell subsets of the total CD8+ T cell population was dependent on the OA stage and compartment. Compared with the peripheral blood (PB), the proportion of CD8+IFN-γ+ Tc1 and CD8+IL-17A+ Tc17 was significantly increased in OA SF. This was confirmed in our data for both early OA and end-stage OA. In the SM samples of end-stage OA patients, the proportion of CD8+IL-17A+ Tc17 was significantly increased compared to the PB. Comparing SF and SM samples of end-stage OA patients, the proportion of CD8+IFN-γ+ Tc1 was significantly increased in SF, whereas there were no differences concerning CD8+IL-4+ Tc2 and CD8+IL-17A+ Tc17. End-stage OA samples showed a significant increase of CD8+IL-4+ Tc2 in the SM for both unicondylar and bicondylar OA compared to early OA. CD8+ T cells infiltrating the SM and SF in OA knees are differentiated into IFN-γ-, IL-17A-, and IL-4-producing CD8+ T cell subsets (Tc1, Tc17, Tc2). This differentiation depends on the OA stage and OA compartment. Further investigation of CD8+ T cell subsets and their interaction with other inflammatory cells such as CD4+ T cells and macrophages may help to identify novel therapeutic anti-inflammatory strategies for containing OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadrian Platzer
- Clinic for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.); (R.T.); (T.A.N.); (E.T.); (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Richard Trauth
- Clinic for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.); (R.T.); (T.A.N.); (E.T.); (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Timo A. Nees
- Clinic for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.); (R.T.); (T.A.N.); (E.T.); (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Elena Tripel
- Clinic for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.); (R.T.); (T.A.N.); (E.T.); (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Simone Gantz
- Clinic for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.); (R.T.); (T.A.N.); (E.T.); (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Marcus Schiltenwolf
- Clinic for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.); (R.T.); (T.A.N.); (E.T.); (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Babak Moradi
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.M.); (N.R.)
| | - Nils Rosshirt
- Clinic for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (H.P.); (R.T.); (T.A.N.); (E.T.); (S.G.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.M.); (N.R.)
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Protective role of microRNA-23a/b-3p inhibition against osteoarthritis through Gremlin1-depenent activation of TGF-β/smad signaling in chondrocytesa. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:843-853. [PMID: 35441352 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The changed biomechanical environment of chondrocytes elicited by altered extracellular matrix is reported to accelerate the progression of OA. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have emerged as major regulators in chondrocyte function. Hence, we explored effect of miR-23a/b-3p on OA in regulating chondrocyte growth. The medial meniscus and anterior cruciate ligaments of right knee was removed to induce a mouse model of OA. miR-23a/b-3p and Gremlin1 (Grem1) expressions in OA were determined by RT-qPCR. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to assess their relationship in the context of OA. Loss- and gain-of-function assays were adopted to clarify their effects on OA by determining the release of pro-inflammatory proteins and the apoptosis of chondrocytes. RT-qPCR determined increased miR-23a/b-3p expression and decreased Grem1 expression in the setting OA. Inhibiting miR-23a/b-3p or overexpressing Grem1 activated transforming growth factor-β/solvated metal atom dispersed 3 (TGF-β/Smad) signaling to prevent OA development. Silencing Grem1 ablated suppressive effects of miR-23a/b-3p inhibitor on the release of pro-inflammatory proteins and the apoptosis of chondrocytes. To conclude, inhibition of miR-23a/b-3p delays OA progression through Grem1-mediated activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling, contributing to deepen understanding of the pathogenesis of OA.
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Ha AT, Rahmawati L, You L, Hossain MA, Kim JH, Cho JY. Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, Moisturizing, and Antimelanogenesis Effects of Quercetin 3-O-β-D-Glucuronide in Human Keratinocytes and Melanoma Cells via Activation of NF-κB and AP-1 Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010433. [PMID: 35008862 PMCID: PMC8745180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Q-3-G), the glucuronide conjugate of quercetin, has been reported as having anti-inflammatory properties in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, as well as anticancer and antioxidant properties. Unlike quercetin, which has been extensively described to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities including skin protective effects, the pharmacological benefits and mechanisms Q-3-G in the skin remained to be elucidated. This study focused on characterizing the skin protective properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, of Q-3-G against UVB-induced or H2O2-induced oxidative stress, the hydration effects, and antimelanogenesis activities using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and melanoma (B16F10) cells. Q-3-G down-regulated the expression of the pro-inflammatory gene and cytokine such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in H2O2 or UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. We also showed that Q-3-G exhibits an antioxidant effect using free radical scavenging assays, flow cytometry, and an increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2 (Nrf2). Q-3-G reduced melanin production in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced B16F10 cells. The hydration effects and mechanisms of Q-3-G were examined by evaluating the moisturizing factor-related genes, such as transglutaminase-1 (TGM-1), filaggrin (FLG), and hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS)-1. In addition, Q-3-G increased the phosphorylation of c-Jun, Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase 4 (MKK4), and TAK1, involved in the MAPKs/AP-1 pathway, and the phosphorylation of IκBα, IκB kinase (IKK)-α, Akt, and Src, involved in the NF-κB pathway. Taken together, we have demonstrated that Q-3-G exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, moisturizing, and antimelanogenesis properties in human keratinocytes and melanoma cells through NF-κB and AP-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Thu Ha
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.T.H.); (L.R.); (L.Y.)
| | - Laily Rahmawati
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.T.H.); (L.R.); (L.Y.)
| | - Long You
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.T.H.); (L.R.); (L.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-63-270-2563 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.T.H.); (L.R.); (L.Y.)
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-63-270-2563 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
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Han Y, Yao R, Yang Z, Li S, Meng W, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Luo H. Interleukin-4 activates the PI3K/AKT signaling to promote apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of granulosa cells. Exp Cell Res 2021; 412:113002. [PMID: 34973261 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.113002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory microenvironment has been demonstrated to play a role in folliculogenesis, ovulation and premature ovarian failure (POF), as well as infertility. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of inflammation in modulating growth and apoptosis in granulosa cells (GCs), the main components of ovarian follicles. ELISA was used to analyze the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) in follicular fluid samples and GCs derived from POF patients and healthy normal individuals. CCK-8, flow cytometry and TUNEL assays were used to assess the effect of IL-4 on GC growth and apoptosis. Western blotting was used to examine the effect of IL-4 on the activation of PI3K/Akt, Erk1/2 and Jnk signaling. The results showed that IL-4, IL-1β and IL-6 levels were increased in follicular fluid samples and GCs derived from POF patients compared with those from healthy individuals. GC growth was weakened when cells were treated with IL-4, while apoptosis was increased. In addition, IL-4 increased the level of p-Akt/Akt in GCs. In addition, LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K, abolished the effect of IL-4 by inhibiting GC growth and promoting apoptosis. In summary, this study demonstrated that IL-4 levels were increased in POF samples and that IL-4 could inhibit GC growth and induce GC apoptosis by activating PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Ruqiang Yao
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Zexin Yang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Wenjia Meng
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yinfeng Zhang
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Yunshan Zhang
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Haining Luo
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin, 300100, China.
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Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Mixed with Hyaluronan Transplantation Decreased Cartilage Destruction in a Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:2989054. [PMID: 34721588 PMCID: PMC8553511 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2989054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common type of arthritis, causes pain in joints and disability. Due to the absence of ideal effective medication, stem cell transplantation emerges as a new hope for OA therapy. This study is aimed at evaluating the capability of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (HUCMSCs) mixed with hyaluronan (HA) to treat osteoarthritis in a rabbit model. Differentiation capability of HUCMSCs, magnetic resonance image examination, and immunohistochemistry of the cartilage after transplantation of HUCMSCs mixed with HA in a rabbit OA model were explored. HUCMSCs exhibited typical mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) characteristics, including spindle-shaped morphology, surface marker expressions (positive for human leukocyte antigen- (HLA-) ABC, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105; negative for HLA-DR, CD34, and CD45), and trilineage differentiation (chondrogenesis, adipogenesis, and osteogenesis). The gene expression of SOX9, type II collagen, and aggrecan in the HUCMSC-derived chondrocytes mixed with HA was increased after in vitro chondrogenesis compared with HUCMSCs. A gross and histological significant improvement in hyaline cartilage destruction after HUCMSCs mixed with HA was noted in the animal model compared to the OA knees. The International Cartilage Repair Society histological score and Safranin O staining were significantly higher for the treated knees than the control knees (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of MMP13 was significantly decreased in the treated knees than in the OA knees. In conclusion, HUCMSCs mixed with HA in vitro and in vivo might attenuate the cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis. Our study provided evidence for future clinical trials.
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Weng PW, Yadav VK, Pikatan NW, Fong IH, Lin IH, Yeh CT, Lee WH. Novel NFκB Inhibitor SC75741 Mitigates Chondrocyte Degradation and Prevents Activated Fibroblast Transformation by Modulating miR-21/GDF-5/SOX5 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11082. [PMID: 34681754 PMCID: PMC8538686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common articular disease manifested by the destruction of cartilage and compromised chondrogenesis in the aging population, with chronic inflammation of synovium, which drives OA progression. Importantly, the activated synovial fibroblast (AF) within the synovium facilitates OA through modulating key molecules, including regulatory microRNAs (miR's). To understand OA associated pathways, in vitro co-culture system, and in vivo papain-induced OA model were applied for this study. The expression of key inflammatory markers both in tissue and blood plasma were examined by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence assays. Herein, our result demonstrated, AF-activated human chondrocytes (AC) exhibit elevated NFκB, TNF-α, IL-6, and miR-21 expression as compared to healthy chondrocytes (HC). Importantly, AC induced the apoptosis of HC and inhibited the expression of chondrogenesis inducers, SOX5, TGF-β1, and GDF-5. NFκB is a key inflammatory transcription factor elevated in OA. Therefore, SC75741 (an NFκB inhibitor) therapeutic effect was explored. SC75741 inhibits inflammatory profile, protects AC-educated HC from apoptosis, and inhibits miR-21 expression, which results in the induced expression of GDF-5, SOX5, TGF-β1, BMPR2, and COL4A1. Moreover, ectopic miR-21 expression in fibroblast-like activated chondrocytes promoted osteoblast-mediated differentiation of osteoclasts in RW264.7 cells. Interestingly, in vivo study demonstrated SC75741 protective role, in controlling the destruction of the articular joint, through NFκB, TNF-α, IL-6, and miR-21 inhibition, and inducing GDF-5, SOX5, TGF-β1, BMPR2, and COL4A1 expression. Our study demonstrated the role of NFκB/miR-21 axis in OA progression, and SC75741's therapeutic potential as a small-molecule inhibitor of miR-21/NFκB-driven OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wei Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Vijesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (V.K.Y.); (N.W.P.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Narpati Wesa Pikatan
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (V.K.Y.); (N.W.P.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Iat-Hang Fong
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (V.K.Y.); (N.W.P.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
| | - I-Hsin Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (V.K.Y.); (N.W.P.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (V.K.Y.); (N.W.P.); (I.-H.F.); (C.-T.Y.)
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
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Chiu YS, Bamodu OA, Fong IH, Lee WH, Lin CC, Lu CH, Yeh CT. The JAK inhibitor Tofacitinib inhibits structural damage in osteoarthritis by modulating JAK1/TNF-alpha/IL-6 signaling through Mir-149-5p. Bone 2021; 151:116024. [PMID: 34052462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA), a common articular bone degenerative disease, is exacerbated by proinflammatory cytokine signaling. Mounting evidence suggests that epigenetic modifiers, namely microRNAs (miRs), are dysregulated in articular chondrocytes (ACs) during OA. METHODS An initial database search led to the identification of miR-149-5p, which was downregulated in clinical OA samples and contributed to chronic inflammation, by increasing TNF-α/IL-6 signaling within the synovium, and OA progression. RESULTS We overexpressed miR-149-5p in the human chondrocyte cell lines C20A4 and C28/I2 to examine its role in chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteoclastogenesis and found a significant decrease in IL-6 expression, an increase in SOX9 expression, and a reduction in chondrocyte hypertrophy. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of tofacitinib (JAK inhibitor) by suppressing inflammation and restoring miR-149-5p expression. Tofacitinib-treated C20A4 and C28/I2 cells had a significantly lower expression of JAK/IL-6/TNF-α and an increased level of miR-149-5p. Notably, tofacitinib treatment reduced AC hypertrophy and secretion of RANKL and IL-6. Finally, an OA mouse model was used to evaluate the therapeutic potential of tofacitinib. Intra-articular injection of tofacitinib significantly lowered arthritis scores and bone degradation in treated mice compared with their control counterparts. CONCLUSION We show for the first time that tofacitinib suppresses the expression level of JAK1/TNF-α/IL-6 by upregulating miR-149-5p level. Our findings revealed the functional association between proinflammatory JAK1/TNF-α/IL-6 signaling and ACs development and highlight the therapeutic potential of tofacitinib in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Shuo Chiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 23561, Taiwan; School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Iat-Hang Fong
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, No. 306, Yuanpei Street, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsu Lu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu City 30015, Taiwan.
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Molnar V, Matišić V, Kodvanj I, Bjelica R, Jeleč Ž, Hudetz D, Rod E, Čukelj F, Vrdoljak T, Vidović D, Starešinić M, Sabalić S, Dobričić B, Petrović T, Antičević D, Borić I, Košir R, Zmrzljak UP, Primorac D. Cytokines and Chemokines Involved in Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9208. [PMID: 34502117 PMCID: PMC8431625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability worldwide. Although commonly referred to as a disease of the joint cartilage, osteoarthritis affects all joint tissues equally. The pathogenesis of this degenerative process is not completely understood; however, a low-grade inflammation leading to an imbalance between anabolic and katabolic processes is a well-established factor. The complex network of cytokines regulating these processes and cell communication has a central role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis. Concentrations of both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were found to be altered depending on the osteoarthritis stage and activity. In this review, we analyzed individual cytokines involved in the immune processes with an emphasis on their function in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilim Molnar
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vid Matišić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Kodvanj
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Roko Bjelica
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Jeleč
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Nursing, University North, 48000 Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Damir Hudetz
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinical Hospital “Sveti Duh”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Eduard Rod
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Fabijan Čukelj
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- University Hospital “Sisters of Mercy”, Clinic for Traumatology, Draškovićeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Traumatology, Medical University Merkur Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Trpimir Vrdoljak
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinical Hospital “Sveti Duh”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dinko Vidović
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- University Hospital “Sisters of Mercy”, Clinic for Traumatology, Draškovićeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | | | - Srećko Sabalić
- University Hospital “Sisters of Mercy”, Clinic for Traumatology, Draškovićeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Borut Dobričić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Dubrava, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tadija Petrović
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Darko Antičević
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Igor Borić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Traumatology, Medical University Merkur Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Medical School, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Medical School, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Rok Košir
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, BIA Separations CRO, Labena Ltd., 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.K.); (U.P.Z.)
| | - Uršula Prosenc Zmrzljak
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, BIA Separations CRO, Labena Ltd., 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.K.); (U.P.Z.)
| | - Dragan Primorac
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 49210 Zabok, Croatia; (V.M.); (V.M.); (R.B.); (Ž.J.); (D.H.); (E.R.); (F.Č.); (T.V.); (D.V.); (B.D.); (T.P.); (D.A.); (I.B.)
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Medical School, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Medical School REGIOMED, 96450 Coburg, Germany
- Eberly College of Science, State College, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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Khella CM, Horvath JM, Asgarian R, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Approaches to Prevent or Delay Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis (PTOA) of the Knee Joint with a Focus on Sustained Delivery Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8005. [PMID: 34360771 PMCID: PMC8347094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of knee PTOA after knee trauma. While a comprehensive therapy capable of preventing or delaying post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) progression after knee joint injury does not yet clinically exist, current literature suggests that certain aspects of early post-traumatic pathology of the knee joint may be prevented or delayed by anti-inflammatory therapeutic interventions. We discuss multifaceted therapeutic approaches that may be capable of effectively reducing the continuous cycle of inflammation and concomitant processes that lead to cartilage degradation as well as those that can simultaneously promote intrinsic repair processes. Within this context, we focus on early disease prevention, the optimal timeframe of treatment and possible long-lasting sustained delivery local modes of treatments that could prevent knee joint-associated PTOA symptoms. Specifically, we identify anti-inflammatory candidates that are not only anti-inflammatory but also anti-degenerative, anti-apoptotic and pro-regenerative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Melanie L. Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs—University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (C.M.K.); (J.M.H.); (R.A.); (B.R.)
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Pan W, Wang H, Ruan J, Zheng W, Chen F, Kong J, Wang Y. lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) knockdown alleviates LPS-induced chondrocytes inflammatory injury via regulating miR-488-3p/sex determining region Y-related HMG-box 11 (SOX11) axis. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:511-522. [PMID: 34124371 PMCID: PMC8168443 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been shown to be involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA), an age-related bone and joint disease. However, the function and possible molecular mechanism of lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chondrocytes injury model remain unexplored. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot was used to detect protein expression. The concentrations of inflammatory factors were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Abundances of MIAT, microRNA-488-3p (miR-488-3p), and sex determining region Y-related HMG-box 11 (SOX11) were examined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to analyze the interaction between miR-488-3p and MIAT or SOX11. LPS caused chondrocytes injury by reducing cell activity and increasing apoptosis rate and inflammatory factor secretions. Higher levels of MIAT and SOX11 and lower miR-488-3p were observed in LPS-treated C28/I2 cells. Importantly, knockdown of MIAT attenuated the LPS-induced cell injury by targeting miR-488-3p, and miR-488-3p overexpression weakened the LPS-induced cell injury by targeting SOX11. Additionally, repression of MIAT inactivated the LPS-induced NF-κB signaling pathway by decreasing SOX11 and increasing miR-488-3p. Knockdown of MIAT alleviated the LPS-induced chondrocytes injury by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway mediated by the miR-488-3p/SOX11 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 381, Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 381, Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianwei Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedic, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 381, Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenbiao Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 381, Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fanghu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 381, Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinsong Kong
- Department of Orthopaedic, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 381, Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 381, Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
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Shu PP, Li LX, He QM, Pan J, Li XL, Zhu M, Yang Y, Qu Y. Identification and quantification of oleanane triterpenoid saponins and potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities from the roots and rhizomes of Panax stipuleanatus. J Ginseng Res 2021; 45:305-315. [PMID: 33841011 PMCID: PMC8020355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax stipuleanatus represents a folk medicine for treatment of inflammation. However, lack of experimental data does not confirm its function. This article aims to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of triterpenoid saponins isolated from P. stipuleanatus. METHODS The chemical characterization of P. stipuleanatus allowed the identification and quantitation of two major compounds. Analgesic effects of triterpenoid saponins were evaluated in two models of thermal- and chemical-stimulated acute pain. Anti-inflammatory effects of triterpenoid saponins were also evaluated using four models of acetic acid-induced vascular permeability, xylene-induced ear edema, carrageenan-induced paw edema, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma in mice. RESULTS Two triterpenoid saponins of stipuleanosides R1 (SP-R1) and R2 (SP-R2) were isolated and identified from P. stipuleanatus. The results showed that SP-R1 and SP-R2 significantly increased the latency time to thermal pain in the hot plate test and reduced the writhing response in the acetic acid-induced writhing test. SP-R1 and SP-R2 caused a significant decrease in vascular permeability, ear edema, paw edema, and granuloma formation in inflammatory models. Further studies showed that the levels of inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin 6 in paw tissues were downregulated by SP-R1 and SP-R2. In addition, the rational harvest of three- to five-year-old P. stipuleanatus was preferable to obtain a higher level of triterpenoid saponins. SP-R2 showed the highest content in P. stipuleanatus, which had potential as a chemical marker for quality control of P. stipuleanatus. CONCLUSION This study provides important basic information about utilization of P. stipuleanatus resources for production of active triterpenoid saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Shu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lu-Xi Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qin-Min He
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Yunnan Provincal Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
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Khella CM, Asgarian R, Horvath JM, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. An Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Human Knee Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis (PTOA): Timeline of Clinical Presentation and Disease Markers, Comparison of Knee Joint PTOA Models and Early Disease Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1996. [PMID: 33671471 PMCID: PMC7922905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the causality of the post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) disease process of the knee joint is important for diagnosing early disease and developing new and effective preventions or treatments. The aim of this review was to provide detailed clinical data on inflammatory and other biomarkers obtained from patients after acute knee trauma in order to (i) present a timeline of events that occur in the acute, subacute, and chronic post-traumatic phases and in PTOA, and (ii) to identify key factors present in the synovial fluid, serum/plasma and urine, leading to PTOA of the knee in 23-50% of individuals who had acute knee trauma. In this context, we additionally discuss methods of simulating knee trauma and inflammation in in vivo, ex vivo articular cartilage explant and in vitro chondrocyte models, and answer whether these models are representative of the clinical inflammatory stages following knee trauma. Moreover, we compare the pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations used in such models and demonstrate that, compared to concentrations in the synovial fluid after knee trauma, they are exceedingly high. We then used the Bradford Hill Framework to present evidence that TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines are causal factors, while IL-1β and IL-17 are credible factors in inducing knee PTOA disease progresssion. Lastly, we discuss beneficial infrastructure for future studies to dissect the role of local vs. systemic inflammation in PTOA progression with an emphasis on early disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Melanie L. Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (C.M.K.); (R.A.); (J.M.H.); (B.R.)
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Shanmugam T, Joshi N, Kaviratna A, Ahamad N, Bhatia E, Banerjee R. Aerosol Delivery of Paclitaxel-Containing Self-Assembled Nanocochleates for Treating Pulmonary Metastasis: An Approach Supporting Pulmonary Mechanics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:144-156. [PMID: 33346632 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a potent anticancer agent, which is clinically administered by infusion for treating pulmonary metastasis of different cancers. Systemic injection of PTX is promising in treating pulmonary metastasis of various cancers but simultaneously leads to many severe complications in the body. In this study, we have demonstrated a noninvasive approach for delivering PTX to deep pulmonary tissues via an inhalable phospholipid-based nanocochleate platform and showed its potential in treating pulmonary metastasis of melanoma cancer. Nanocochleates have been previously explored for oral delivery of anticancer drugs; their application for aerosol-based administration has not been accomplished in the literature thus far. Our results showed that the PTX-carrying aerosol nanocochleates (PTX-CPTs) possessed excellent pulmonary surfactant action characterized by high surface activity and encouraging in vitro terminal airway patency when compared to the marketed Taxol formulation, which is known to contain a high amount of Cremophore EL. We observed under in vitro twin-impinger analysis that the PTX-CPT had a high tendency to get deposited in stage II (alveolar region of lungs), indicating the capability of CPT to reach the deep alveolar region. Further, while exposed to the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549), the PTX-CPT showed excellent cytotoxicity mediated by enhanced cellular uptake via energy-dependent endocytosis. Aerosol-based administration of PTX-CPT in a pulmonary metastatic murine melanoma model (B16F10) resulted in significant (p < 0.05) tumor growth inhibition when compared to an intravenous dose of Taxol. Inhibition of tumor growth in aerosol-based PTX-CPT-treated animals was evident by the significant (p < 0.05) reduction in numbers of tumor nodules and percent metastasis area covered by melanoma cells in the lung when compared to other treatment groups. Overall, our finding suggests that PTX can be safely administered in the form of an aerosol using a newly developed CPT system, which serves a dual purpose as both a drug delivery carrier and a pulmonary surfactant in treating pulmonary metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivel Shanmugam
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nitin Joshi
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anubhav Kaviratna
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nadim Ahamad
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Eshant Bhatia
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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Khanna K, Mishra KP, Chanda S, Ganju L, Singh SB, Kumar B. Effect of Synbiotics on Amelioration of Intestinal Inflammation Under Hypobaric Hypoxia. High Alt Med Biol 2020; 22:32-44. [PMID: 33185493 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2020.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Khanna, Kunjan, Kamla Prasad Mishra, Sudipta Chanda, Lilly Ganju, Shashi Bala Singh, and Bhuvnesh Kumar. Effect of synbiotics on amelioration of intestinal inflammation under hypobaric hypoxia. High Alt Med Biol. 22:32-44, 2021. Aim: High-altitude exposure alters the gastrointestinal (GI) system, which may be a cause of hypobaric hypoxia (HH)-induced microbial dysbiosis. Therefore, we investigated the effect of a combination of beneficial bacteria and nondigestible fiber popularly known as "synbiotics" (Syn) to mitigate intestinal inflammation and microbial dysbiosis post-HH exposure. Methods: Syn, that is, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, was given to male Sprague-Dawley rats 3 days prior and along with the HH exposure to assess its effect on mucosal barrier injury and inflammation. Changes in the gut microbiota and functional analysis were assessed using 16S rRNA and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. Results: Syn treatment significantly improved mucosal barrier injury in terms of decreased serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran from 96.1 ± 7.95 μg/ml in HH-alone group to 38.35 ± 4.55 μg/ml in HH + Syn group (p < 0.01) and decreased serum zonulin levels, that is, from 134.7 ± 19.05 ng/ml (HH alone) to 64.02 ± 7.33 ng/ml (HH + Syn) (p < 0.05), along with improvement in the intestinal villi under HH exposure. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines significantly reduced upon Syn treatment, indicating attenuation of inflammation and immune cell migration. Syn treatment significantly reduced Th17 biased immune response preventing interleukin (IL)-17-induced inflammatory response with 8.1 ± 0.5 ng/mg protein in HH exposure group, while treatment with Syn in HH-exposed group reduced IL-17 levels to 2.01 ± 0.3 ng/mg protein (p < 0.001). Analysis of 16S rRNA showed significant (p < 0.05) alterations in Deferribacteres, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia at the phylum levels, whereas Prevotella, Paenibacillus, Clostridium, Turicibacter, Bacillus, Anoxybacillus, Enterococcus, SMB53, Mucispirillum, Allobaculum, and Lactococcus were significantly altered (p < 0.05) in abundance at the genus level. WGS analysis revealed improvement in GI health by regulating functional pathways post-Syn treatment. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Syn treatment improves intestinal barrier function and curtailed inflammation in the HH-exposed rat models, proving it to be a promising potential countermeasure for HH-induced gut problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunjan Khanna
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Kamla Prasad Mishra
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sudipta Chanda
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Lilly Ganju
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
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