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Göksu AY, Dirol H, Kocanci FG. Cromolyn sodium and masitinib combination inhibits fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and exerts additive cell-protective and antioxidant effects on a bleomycin-induced in vitro fibrosis model. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e70018. [PMID: 39360479 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease. While recent studies have suggested the potential efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in managing IPF, masitinib, a clinically used tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has not yet been investigated for its efficacy in fibrotic lung diseases. In a previous study on an in vitro neurodegenerative model, we demonstrated the synergistic antitoxic and antioxidant effects of masitinib combined with cromolyn sodium, an FDA-approved mast cell stabilizer. This study aims to investigate the anti-fibrotic and antioxidant effects of the masitinib-cromolyn sodium combination in an in vitro model of pulmonary fibrosis. Fibroblast cell cultures treated with bleomycin and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were subjected to masitinib and/or cromolyn sodium, followed by assessments of cell viability, morphological and apoptotic nuclear changes, triple-immunofluorescence labeling, and total oxidant/antioxidant capacities, besides ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expressions as an indication of apoptosis. The combined treatment of masitinib and cromolyn sodium effectively prevented the fibroblast myofibroblast transition, a hallmark of fibrosis, and significantly reduced bleomycin / H2O2-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. This study is the first to demonstrate the additive anti-fibrotic, cell-protective, and antioxidant effects of the masitinib-cromolyn sodium combination in an in vitro fibrosis model, suggesting its potential as an innovative therapeutic approach for pulmonary fibrosis. Combination therapy may be more advantageous in that both drugs could be administered in lower doses, exerting less side effects, and at the same time providing diverse mechanisms of action simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azize Yasemin Göksu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
- Department of Gene and Cell Therapy, Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hulya Dirol
- Department of Chest Diseases, Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Gonca Kocanci
- Vocational High School of Health Services, Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya, Turkey
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Xu J, Zhou L, Chen H, He Y, Zhao G, Li L, Efferth T, Ding Z, Shan L. Aerosol inhalation of total ginsenosides repairs acute lung injury and inhibits pulmonary fibrosis through SMAD2 signaling-mediated mechanism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 133:155871. [PMID: 39098168 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive lung disease caused by previous acute lung injury (ALI), but there is currently no satisfactory therapy available. Aerosol inhalation of medicine is an effective way for treating PF. Total ginsenosides (TG) shows potential for the treatment of ALI and PF, but the effects of inhaled TG remain unclear. PURPOSE To determine the therapeutic effects of TG in ALI and PF, to assess the superiority of the inhaled form of TG over the routine form, and to clarify the mechanism of action of inhaled TG. METHODS Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QE-MS) was applied to determine the chemoprofile of TG. A mouse model of ALI and PF was established to evaluate the effects of inhaled TG by using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis, histopathological observation, hydroxyproline assay, and immunohistochemical analysis. Primary mouse lung fibroblasts (MLF) and human lung fibroblast cell line (HFL1) were applied to determine the in vitro effects and mechanism of TG by using cell viability assay, quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) assay, and western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS The UPLC-QE-MS results revealed the main types of ginsenosides in TG, including Re (14.15 ± 0.42%), Rd (8.42 ± 0.49%), Rg1 (6.22 ± 0.42%), Rb3 (3.28 ± 0.01%), Rb2 (3.09 ± 0.00%), Rc (2.33 ± 0.01%), Rg2 (2.09 ± 0.04%), Rb1 (1.43 ± 0.24%), and Rf (0.13 ± 0.06%). Inhaled TG, at dosages of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg significantly alleviated both ALI and PF in mice. Analyses of BALF and HE staining revealed that TG modulated the levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TGF-β1, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and restored the alveolar architecture of the lung tissues. Furthermore, HE and Masson's trichrome staining demonstrated that TG markedly decreased fibroblastic foci and collagen fiber deposition, evidenced by the reduction of blue-stained collagen fibers. Hydroxyproline assay and immunohistochemical analyses indicated that TG significantly decreased hydroxyproline level and down-regulated the expression of Col1a1, Col3a1, and α-sma. The inhaled administration of TG demonstrated enhanced efficacy over the oral route when comparable doses were used. Additionally, inhaled TG showed superior safety and therapeutic profiles compared to pirfenidone, as evidenced by a CCK8 assay, which confirmed that TG concentrations ranging from 20 to 120 μg/ml were non-cytotoxic. qPCR and WB analyses revealed that TG, at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml, significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of smad2 induced by TGF-β1 and down-regulated the expression of fibrotic genes and proteins, including α-sma, Col1a1, Col3a1, and FN1, suggesting an anti-fibrotic mechanism mediated by the smad2 signaling pathway. In vitro, TG's safety and efficacy were also found to be superior to those of pirfenidone. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates, for the first time, the therapeutic efficacy of inhaled TG in treating ALI and PF. Inhaled TG effectively inhibits inflammation and reduces collagen deposition, with a particular emphasis on its role in modulating the Smad2 signaling pathway, which is implicated in the anti-fibrotic mechanism of TG. The study also highlights the superiority of inhaled TG over the oral route and its favorable safety profile in comparison to pirfenidone, positioning it as an ideal alternative for ALI and PF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaan Xu
- Fuyang Academy of Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Huixin Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yuzhou He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Fuyang Academy of Research, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Zhishan Ding
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Letian Shan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Rautajoki T, Rantala HA, Sutinen E, Saarto T, Rajala K, Pesonen I, Hollmen M, Myllärniemi M, Lehto JT. Health-related quality of life measured with K-BILD is associated with survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:480. [PMID: 39350048 PMCID: PMC11443770 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessments and estimates of prognosis are needed for comprehensive care and planning of subsequent treatment in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We investigated HRQoL and its association with survival using a disease-specific tool in patients with IPF. METHODS The patients were recruited from the real-life FinnishIPF study in 2015. HRQoL was assessed with the King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (K-BILD) questionnaire every six months for 2.5 years. Dyspnoea was assessed with the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale. Survival was registered until 31 December 2022. Patient survival according to the K-BILD total score was evaluated using the Kaplan‒Meier method. The Friedman test was used to compare the K-BILD total scores longitudinally, and the Mann‒Whitney U test was used to compare the mMRC groups. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The median K-BILD total score (n = 245) was 51.6. At baseline, patients in the highest HRQoL quartile (K-BILD scores 58.9-100) had a longer median survival time (5.3 years) than did those with scores of 51.7-58.8 (3.1 years), 45.7-51.6 (2.3 years), and 0.0-45.6 (1.8 years). A decrease in the K-BILD total score of ≥ 5 units in the preceding 12 or 24 months showed a trend towards poorer survival, although statistical significance was not reached. Ninety-four patients survived more than 2.5 years and had available K-BILD data at all time points. The K-BILD total score remained higher in patients with a baseline mMRC of 0-1 than in those with a mMRC of 2-4, and the total score decreased only modestly in both groups (median of 3.3 and 4.8 units in patients with mMRC scores of 0-1 and 2-4, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In IPF, a reduced HRQoL is associated with impaired survival. A K-BILD total score less than approximately 50 units is associated with a median survival of approximately two years. In addition to assessing the treatment needs of patients with IPF using K-BILD, a decreased score may be useful for facilitating advance care planning and transplantation assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli Rautajoki
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Heidi A Rantala
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eva Sutinen
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Saarto
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Palliative Care Center, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Rajala
- Wellbeing Services of Vantaa and Kerava, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Ida Pesonen
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Hollmen
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjukka Myllärniemi
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juho T Lehto
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Palliative Care Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Fu C, Tian X, Wu S, Chu X, Cheng Y, Wu X, Yang W. Role of telomere dysfunction and immune infiltration in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: new insights from bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1447296. [PMID: 39346776 PMCID: PMC11427275 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1447296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by unexplained irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Although the etiology of IPF is unclear, studies have shown that it is related to telomere length shortening. However, the prognostic value of telomere-related genes in IPF has not been investigated. Methods We utilized the GSE10667 and GSE110147 datasets as the training set, employing differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to screen for disease candidate genes. Then, we used consensus clustering analysis to identify different telomere patterns. Next, we used summary data-based mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis to screen core genes. We further evaluated the relationship between core genes and overall survival and lung function in IPF patients. Finally, we performed immune infiltration analysis to reveal the changes in the immune microenvironment of IPF. Results Through differential expression analysis and WGCNA, we identified 35 significant telomere regulatory factors. Consensus clustering analysis revealed two distinct telomere patterns, consisting of cluster A (n = 26) and cluster B (n = 19). Immune infiltration analysis revealed that cluster B had a more active immune microenvironment, suggesting its potential association with IPF. Using GTEx eQTL data, our SMR analysis identified two genes with potential causal associations with IPF, including GPA33 (PSMR = 0.0013; PHEIDI = 0.0741) and MICA (PSMR = 0.0112; PHEIDI = 0.9712). We further revealed that the expression of core genes is associated with survival time and lung function in IPF patients. Finally, immune infiltration analysis revealed that NK cells were downregulated and plasma cells and memory B cells were upregulated in IPF. Further correlation analysis showed that GPA33 expression was positively correlated with NK cells and negatively correlated with plasma cells and memory B cells. Conclusion Our study provides a new perspective for the role of telomere dysfunction and immune infiltration in IPF and identifies potential therapeutic targets. Further research may reveal how core genes affect cell function and disease progression, providing new insights into the complex mechanisms of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenkun Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiju Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
| | - Wengting Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
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Soltanmohammadi F, Gharehbaba AM, Zangi AR, Adibkia K, Javadzadeh Y. Current knowledge of hybrid nanoplatforms composed of exosomes and organic/inorganic nanoparticles for disease treatment and cell/tissue imaging. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117248. [PMID: 39098179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosome-nanoparticle hybrid nanoplatforms, can be prepared by combining exosomes with different types of nanoparticles. The main purpose of combining exosomes with nanoparticles is to overcome the limitations of using each of them as drug delivery systems. Using nanoparticles for drug delivery has some limitations, such as high immunogenicity, poor cellular uptake, low biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, low stability, and rapid clearance by immune cells. However, using exosomes as drug delivery systems also has its own drawbacks, such as poor encapsulation efficiency, low production yield, and the inability to load large molecules. These limitations can be addressed by utilizing hybrid nanoplatforms. Additionally, the use of exosomes allows for targeted delivery within the hybrid system. Exosome-inorganic/organic hybrid nanoparticles may be used for both therapy and diagnosis in the future. This may lead to the development of personalized medicine using hybrid nanoparticles. However, there are a few challenges associated with this. Surface modifications, adding functional groups, surface charge adjustments, and preparing nanoparticles with the desired size are crucial to the possibility of preparing exosome-nanoparticle hybrids. Additional challenges for the successful implementation of hybrid platforms in medical treatments and diagnostics include scaling up the manufacturing process and ensuring consistent quality and reproducibility across various batches. This review focuses on various types of exosome-nanoparticle hybrid systems and also discusses the preparation and loading methods for these hybrid nanoplatforms. Furthermore, the potential applications of these hybrid nanocarriers in drug/gene delivery, disease treatment and diagnosis, and cell/tissue imaging are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Soltanmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Mahmoudi Gharehbaba
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi Zangi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Javadzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Mora-Cuesta VM, Martínez-Meñaca A, González-Fernández Á, Iturbe-Fernández D, Tello-Mena S, Izquierdo-Cuervo S, Fernández-Rozas S, Alonso-Lecue P, Cifrián-Martínez JM. The impact of time from ILD diagnosis to referral to the transplant center on the probability of inclusion in the transplant waiting list. Heart Lung 2024; 67:92-99. [PMID: 38735159 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung transplant is a therapeutic option for patients with progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD). OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine whether time from ILD diagnosis to referral to a transplant center influences the probability of being included in the transplant waiting list. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study including all ILD patients evaluated as lung transplantation (LT) candidates at a lung transplant center between 01/01/2017 and 31/12/2022. The primary endpoint was the probability of being included in the lung transplant waiting list according to the time elapsed from diagnosis to referral to the transplant center. RESULTS A total of 843 lung transplant requests were received, of which 367 (43.5%) were associated with ILD. Thirteen patients were excluded because they did not attend the first visit, whereas another 11 were excluded because some information was missing. As a result, our final sample was composed of 343 patients. The median time from diagnosis to referral was 29.4 (10.9 - 61.1) months. The overall probability of inclusion in the waiting list was 29.7%. By time from diagnosis to referral, the probability of inclusion in the waiting list was 48.1% for the patients referred 〈 6 months from diagnosis; 27.5% for patients referred 6 to 24 months from diagnosis; and 25.8% for patients referred 〉 24 months from diagnosis (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Early referral to a lung transplant center seemed to increase the probability of being included in the lung transplant waiting list. Further research is needed in this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M Mora-Cuesta
- Respiratory Department, Lung Transplant Unit, ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Avda. Valdecilla s/n. 39008, Santander, Spain.
| | - Amaya Martínez-Meñaca
- Respiratory Department. ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Spain
| | | | - David Iturbe-Fernández
- Respiratory Department, Lung Transplant Unit, ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Avda. Valdecilla s/n. 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Sandra Tello-Mena
- Respiratory Department, Lung Transplant Unit, ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Avda. Valdecilla s/n. 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Sheila Izquierdo-Cuervo
- Respiratory Department, Lung Transplant Unit, ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Avda. Valdecilla s/n. 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Rozas
- Respiratory Department. ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Spain
| | | | - José M Cifrián-Martínez
- Respiratory Department, Lung Transplant Unit, ERN-LUNG (European Reference Network on Rare Respiratory Diseases), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Avda. Valdecilla s/n. 39008, Santander, Spain
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Milman Krentsis I, Zheng Y, Rosen C, Shin SY, Blagdon C, Shoshan E, Qi Y, Wang J, Yadav SK, Bachar Lustig E, Shetzen E, Dickey BF, Karmouty-Quintana H, Reisner Y. Lung cell transplantation for pulmonary fibrosis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk2524. [PMID: 39178253 PMCID: PMC11343030 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a major cause of death with few treatment options. Here, we demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy for lung fibrosis of adult lung cell transplantation using a single-cell suspension of the entire lung in two distinct mouse systems: bleomycin treatment and mice lacking telomeric repeat-binding factor 1 expression in alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells (SPC-Cre TRF1fl/fl), spontaneously developing fibrosis. In both models, the progression of fibrosis was associated with reduced levels of host lung progenitors, enabling engraftment of donor progenitors without any additional conditioning, in contrast to our previous studies. Two months after transplantation, engrafted progenitors expanded to form numerous donor-derived patches comprising AT1 and AT2 alveolar cells, as well as donor-derived mesenchymal and endothelial cells. This lung chimerism was associated with attenuation of fibrosis, as demonstrated histologically, biochemically, by computed tomography imaging, and by lung function measurements. Our study provides a strong rationale for the treatment of lung fibrosis using lung cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Milman Krentsis
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yangxi Zheng
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chava Rosen
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neonatology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sarah Y. Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christa Blagdon
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Einav Shoshan
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandeep K. Yadav
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Esther Bachar Lustig
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elias Shetzen
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Burton F. Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yair Reisner
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Wang S, Yang G, Zhang K, Chen Z, Qiu M, Hou S, Zheng T, Wu Z, Ma Q, Zhang F, Gao G, Huang YY, Zhou Q, Luo HB, Wu D. Structural optimization of Moracin M as novel selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107474. [PMID: 38805909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and high mortality lung disease. Although the antifibrotic drugs pirfenidone and nintedanib could slow the rate of lung function decline, the usual course of the condition is inexorably to respiratory failure and death. Therefore, new approaches and novel therapeutic drugs for the treatment of IPF are urgently needed. And the selective PDE4 inhibitor has in vivo and in vitro anti-fibrotic effects in IPF models. But the clinical application of most PDE4 inhibitors are limited by their unexpected and severe side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Herein, structure-based optimizations of the natural product Moracin M resulted in a novel a novel series of 2-arylbenzofurans as potent PDE4 inhibitors. The most potent inhibitor L13 has an IC50 of 36 ± 7 nM with remarkable selectivity across the PDE families and administration of L13·citrate (10.0 mg/kg) exhibited comparable anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects to pirfenidone (300 mg/kg) in a bleomycin-induced IPF mice model, indicate that L13 is a potential lead for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guofeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhexin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Meiying Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Siyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zongmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qinjiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Furong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yi-You Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Deyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Aghajani Mir M. Illuminating the pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2: Insights into competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulatory networks. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 122:105613. [PMID: 38844190 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The appearance of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 triggered a significant economic and health crisis worldwide, with heterogeneous molecular mechanisms that contribute to its development are not yet fully understood. Although substantial progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2 infection and therapy, it continues to rank among the top three global causes of mortality due to infectious illnesses. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), being integral components across nearly all biological processes, demonstrate effective importance in viral pathogenesis. Regarding viral infections, ncRNAs have demonstrated their ability to modulate host reactions, viral replication, and host-pathogen interactions. However, the complex interactions of different types of ncRNAs in the progression of COVID-19 remains understudied. In recent years, a novel mechanism of post-transcriptional gene regulation known as "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" has been proposed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and viral ncRNAs function as ceRNAs, influencing the expression of associated genes by sequestering shared microRNAs. Recent research on SARS-CoV-2 has revealed that disruptions in specific ceRNA regulatory networks (ceRNETs) contribute to the abnormal expression of key infection-related genes and the establishment of distinctive infection characteristics. These findings present new opportunities to delve deeper into the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This progress paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of ceRNETs, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms involved. Further exploration of these mechanisms holds promise for enhancing our ability to prevent viral infections and develop effective antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Aghajani Mir
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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10
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Ge Z, Chen Y, Ma L, Hu F, Xie L. Macrophage polarization and its impact on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1444964. [PMID: 39131154 PMCID: PMC11310026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lung disease that worsens over time, causing fibrosis in the lungs and ultimately resulting in respiratory failure and a high risk of death. Macrophages play a crucial role in the immune system, showing flexibility by transforming into either pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages when exposed to different stimuli, ultimately impacting the development of IPF. Recent research has indicated that the polarization of macrophages is crucial in the onset and progression of IPF. M1 macrophages secrete inflammatory cytokines and agents causing early lung damage and fibrosis, while M2 macrophages support tissue healing and fibrosis by releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Developing novel treatments for IPF relies on a thorough comprehension of the processes involved in macrophage polarization in IPF. The review outlines the regulation of macrophage polarization and its impact on the development of IPF, with the goal of investigating the possible therapeutic benefits of macrophage polarization in the advancement of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouling Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People’s Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leikai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fangjun Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People’s Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Lubin Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People’s Hospital), Wenzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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11
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Koh SY, Lee JH, Park H, Goo JM. Value of CT quantification in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease: a deep learning approach. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:4195-4205. [PMID: 38085286 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship of changes in the deep learning-based CT quantification of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) and visual assessments of ILD progression, and to investigate their prognostic implications. METHODS This study included ILD patients with CT scans at intervals of over 2 years between January 2015 and June 2021. Deep learning-based texture analysis software was used to segment ILD findings on CT images (fibrosis: reticular opacity + honeycombing cysts; total ILD extent: ground-glass opacity + fibrosis). Patients were grouped according to the absolute decline of predicted FVC (< 5%, 5-10%, and ≥ 10%) and ILD progression assessed by thoracic radiologists, and their quantification results were compared among these groups. The associations between quantification results and survival were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS In total, 468 patients (239 men; 64 ± 9.5 years) were included. Fibrosis and total ILD extents more increased in patients with larger FVC decline (p < .001 in both). Patients with ILD progression had higher fibrosis and total ILD extent increases than those without ILD progression (p < .001 in both). Increases in fibrosis and total ILD extent were significant prognostic factors when adjusted for absolute FVC declines of ≥ 5% (hazard ratio [HR] 1.844, p = .01 for fibrosis; HR 2.484, p < .001 for total ILD extent) and ≥ 10% (HR 2.918, p < .001 for fibrosis; HR 3.125, p < .001 for total ILD extent). CONCLUSION Changes in ILD CT quantification correlated with changes in FVC and visual assessment of ILD progression, and they were independent prognostic factors in ILD patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Quantifying the CT features of interstitial lung disease using deep learning techniques could play a key role in defining and predicting the prognosis of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease. KEY POINTS • Radiologic findings on high-resolution CT are important in diagnosing progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease. • Deep learning-based quantification results for fibrosis and total interstitial lung disease extents correlated with the decline in forced vital capacity and visual assessments of interstitial lung disease progression, and emerged as independent prognostic factors. • Deep learning-based interstitial lung disease CT quantification can play a key role in diagnosing and prognosticating progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Young Koh
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hyungin Park
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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12
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He Y, Han Y, Zou L, Yao T, Zhang Y, Lv X, Jiang M, Long L, Li M, Cheng X, Jiang G, Peng Z, Tao L, Meng J, Xie W. Succinate promotes pulmonary fibrosis through GPR91 and predicts death in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14376. [PMID: 38909094 PMCID: PMC11193722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64844-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is believed to be associated with a notable disruption of cellular energy metabolism. By detecting the changes of energy metabolites in the serum of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of energy metabolites in IPF, and further elucidated the mechanism of their involvement in pulmonary fibrosis. Through metabolomics research, it was discovered that the TCA cycle intermediates changed dramatically in IPF patients. In another validation cohort of 55 patients with IPF compared to 19 healthy controls, it was found that succinate, an intermediate product of TCA cycle, has diagnostic and prognostic value in IPF. The cut-off levels of serum succinate were 98.36 μM for distinguishing IPF from healthy controls (sensitivity, 83.64%; specificity, 63.16%; likelihood ratio, 2.27, respectively). Moreover, a high serum succinate level was independently associated with higher rates of disease progression (OR 13.087, 95%CI (2.819-60.761)) and mortality (HR 3.418, 95% CI (1.308-8.927)). In addition, accumulation of succinate and increased expression of the succinate receptor GPR91 were found in both IPF patients and BLM mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis. Reducing succinate accumulation in BLM mice alleviated pulmonary fibrosis and 21d mortality, while exogenous administration of succinate can aggravate pulmonary fibrosis in BLM mice. Furthermore, GPR91 deficiency protected against lung fibrosis caused by BLM. In vitro, succinate promoted the activation of lung fibroblasts by activating ERK pathway through GPR91. In summary, succinate is a promising biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of IPF. The accumulation of succinate may promote fibroblast activation through GPR91 and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijun Zou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Yao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mao Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Lingzhi Long
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyun Cheng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Changsha, China
| | - Lijian Tao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China.
- National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Changsha, China.
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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13
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Taherian M, Bayati P, Mojtabavi N. Stem cell-based therapy for fibrotic diseases: mechanisms and pathways. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:170. [PMID: 38886859 PMCID: PMC11184790 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03782-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process, that could result in permanent scarring and impairment of the physiological function of the affected organ; this condition which is categorized under the term organ failure could affect various organs in different situations. The involvement of the major organs, such as the lungs, liver, kidney, heart, and skin, is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality across the world. Fibrotic disorders encompass a broad range of complications and could be traced to various illnesses and impairments; these could range from simple skin scars with beauty issues to severe rheumatologic or inflammatory disorders such as systemic sclerosis as well as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Besides, the overactivation of immune responses during any inflammatory condition causing tissue damage could contribute to the pathogenic fibrotic events accompanying the healing response; for instance, the inflammation resulting from tissue engraftment could cause the formation of fibrotic scars in the grafted tissue, even in cases where the immune system deals with hard to clear infections, fibrotic scars could follow and cause severe adverse effects. A good example of such a complication is post-Covid19 lung fibrosis which could impair the life of the affected individuals with extensive lung involvement. However, effective therapies that halt or slow down the progression of fibrosis are missing in the current clinical settings. Considering the immunomodulatory and regenerative potential of distinct stem cell types, their application as an anti-fibrotic agent, capable of attenuating tissue fibrosis has been investigated by many researchers. Although the majority of the studies addressing the anti-fibrotic effects of stem cells indicated their potent capabilities, the underlying mechanisms, and pathways by which these cells could impact fibrotic processes remain poorly understood. Here, we first, review the properties of various stem cell types utilized so far as anti-fibrotic treatments and discuss the challenges and limitations associated with their applications in clinical settings; then, we will summarize the general and organ-specific mechanisms and pathways contributing to tissue fibrosis; finally, we will describe the mechanisms and pathways considered to be employed by distinct stem cell types for exerting anti-fibrotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Taherian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Bayati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mojtabavi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Wang Y, Huang R, Lu Y, Liu M, Mo R. Immuno-protective vesicle-crosslinked hydrogel for allogenic transplantation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5176. [PMID: 38890279 PMCID: PMC11189436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The longevity of grafts remains a major challenge in allogeneic transplantation due to immune rejection. Systemic immunosuppression can impair graft function and can also cause severe adverse effects. Here, we report a local immuno-protective strategy to enhance post-transplant persistence of allografts using a mesenchymal stem cell membrane-derived vesicle (MMV)-crosslinked hydrogel (MMV-Gel). MMVs are engineered to upregulate expression of Fas ligand (FasL) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The MMVs are retained within the hydrogel by crosslinking. The immuno-protective microenvironment of the hydrogel protects allografts by presenting FasL and PD-L1. The binding of these ligands to T effector cells, the dominant contributors to graft destruction and rejection, results in apoptosis of T effector cells and generation of regulatory T cells. We demonstrate that implantation with MMV-Gel prolongs the survival and function of grafts in mouse models of allogeneic pancreatic islet cells and skin transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Renqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yougong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Mingqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Ran Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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15
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Ren L, Chang YF, Jiang SH, Li XH, Cheng HP. DNA methylation modification in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1416325. [PMID: 38915445 PMCID: PMC11194555 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1416325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible interstitial lung disease with a prognosis worse than lung cancer. It is a fatal lung disease with largely unknown etiology and pathogenesis, and no effective therapeutic drugs render its treatment largely unsuccessful. With continuous in-depth research efforts, the epigenetic mechanisms in IPF pathogenesis have been further discovered and concerned. As a widely studied mechanism of epigenetic modification, DNA methylation is primarily facilitated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), resulting in the addition of a methyl group to the fifth carbon position of the cytosine base, leading to the formation of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Dysregulation of DNA methylation is intricately associated with the advancement of respiratory disorders. Recently, the role of DNA methylation in IPF pathogenesis has also received considerable attention. DNA methylation patterns include methylation modification and demethylation modification and regulate a range of essential biological functions through gene expression regulation. The Ten-Eleven-Translocation (TET) family of DNA dioxygenases is crucial in facilitating active DNA demethylation through the enzymatic conversion of the modified genomic base 5-mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). TET2, a member of TET proteins, is involved in lung inflammation, and its protein expression is downregulated in the lungs and alveolar epithelial type II cells of IPF patients. This review summarizes the current knowledge of pathologic features and DNA methylation mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on the critical roles of abnormal DNA methylation patterns, DNMTs, and TET proteins in impacting IPF pathogenesis. Researching DNA methylation will enchance comprehension of the fundamental mechanisms involved in IPF pathology and provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for pulmonary fibrosis based on the studies involving epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ren
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Fen Chang
- Medicine School, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shi-He Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Peng Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Ma L, Liu C, Zhao Y, Liu M, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yang S, An J, Tian Y, Cao Y, Qu G, Song S, Cao Q. Anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity analysis of methyl rosmarinate obtained from Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. using a scalable process. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1374669. [PMID: 38895626 PMCID: PMC11183283 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1374669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, irreversible, chronic interstitial lung disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current clinical drugs, while effective, do not reverse or cure pulmonary fibrosis and have major side effects, there are urgent needs to develop new anti-pulmonary fibrosis medicine, and corresponding industrially scalable process as well. Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib., a unique herb in Nyingchi, Xizang, China, is a variant of S. castanea. and its main active ingredient is rosmarinic acid (RA), which can be used to prepare methyl rosmarinate (MR) with greater drug potential. This study presented an industrially scalable process for the preparation of MR, which includes steps such as polyamide resin chromatography, crystallization and esterification, using S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. as the starting material and the structure of the product was verified by NMR technology. The anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects of MR were further investigated in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that this process can easily obtain high-purity RA and MR, and MR attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. In vitro, MR could effectively inhibit TGF-β1-induced proliferation and migration of mouse fibroblasts L929 cells, promote cell apoptosis, and decrease extracellular matrix accumulation thereby suppressing progressive pulmonary fibrosis. The anti-fibrosis effect of MR was stronger than that of the prodrug RA. Further study confirmed that MR could retard pulmonary fibrosis by down-regulating the phosphorylation of the TGF-β1/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways. These results suggest that MR has potential therapeutic implications for pulmonary fibrosis, and the establishment of this scalable preparation technology ensures the development of MR as a new anti-pulmonary fibrosis medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | | | | | - Mengke Liu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | | | - Shude Yang
- Department of Edible Mushrooms, School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Shandong, China
| | - Jing An
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Guiwu Qu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Shuling Song
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong, China
| | - Qizhi Cao
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
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17
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Chen X, Lin X, Xu L, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang C, Xie B. Dynamic changes in autophagy activity in different degrees of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220860. [PMID: 38840894 PMCID: PMC11151390 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to observe the changes in autophagy activities in lung tissues of mice with different degrees of pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and explore the association between PF and autophagy activity. The PF model was established by bleomycin (BLM, 25 and 35 mg/kg) atomization inhalation in C57BL/6 mice, samples were collected on the 7, 14, and 28 days after BLM administration. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissues. Masson staining was utilized to assess areas of blue collagen fiber deposition in lung tissues. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expressions of autophagy-related genes, including Atg5, Atg7, and Atg10 in lung tissues. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of autophagy-related genes, including p62 and LC3II/LC3I in lung tissues. Compared with control group, BLM dose-dependently decreased PaO2, mRNA expressions of Atg5, Atg7, Atg10, and LC3II/LC3I, while increased lung wet weight, lung coefficient, PF score, the blue area of collagen fibers, and p62 protein on the 7th, 14th, and 28th days. In conclusion, the more severe the PF induced by BLM, the lower the autophagy activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350009, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
| | - Lihuan Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350009, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350009, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350009, China
| | - Baosong Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, No. 134 East Street, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
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18
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Yao F, Xu M, Dong L, Shen X, Shen Y, Jiang Y, Zhu T, Zhang C, Yu G. Sinomenine attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by downregulating TGF-β1/Smad3, PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:229. [PMID: 38730387 PMCID: PMC11088103 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since COVID-19 became a global epidemic disease in 2019, pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has become more prevalent among persons with severe infections, with IPF being the most prevalent form. In traditional Chinese medicine, various disorders are treated using Sinomenine (SIN). The SIN's strategy for PF defense is unclear. METHODS Bleomycin (BLM) was used to induce PF, after which inflammatory factors, lung histological alterations, and the TGF-/Smad signaling pathway were assessed. By administering various dosages of SIN and the TGF- receptor inhibitor SB-431,542 to human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) and A549 cells, we were able to examine proliferation and migration as well as the signaling molecules implicated in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Extra-Cellular Matrix (ECM). RESULTS In vivo, SIN reduced the pathological changes in the lung tissue induced by BLM, reduced the abnormal expression of inflammatory cytokines, and improved the weight and survival rate of mice. In vitro, SIN inhibited the migration and proliferation by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways, prevented the myofibroblasts (FMT) of HFL-1, reversed the EMT of A549 cells, restored the balance of matrix metalloenzymes, and reduced the expression of ECM proteins. CONCLUSION SIN attenuated PF by down-regulating TGF-β/Smad3, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways, being a potential effective drug in the treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minghao Xu
- School of Medicine, ShaoXing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingjun Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Shen
- School of Medicine, ShaoXing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Shen
- School of Medicine, ShaoXing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yisheng Jiang
- School of Medicine, ShaoXing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangmao Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhu Y, Meng X, Zhu X, Zhang J, Lv H, Wang F, Wang J, Chen C, Chen M, Wang D, Jin W, Tian R, Wang R. Circular RNA MKLN1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the miR-26a/b-5p/CDK8 axis in human alveolar epithelial cells and mice models. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1399-1413. [PMID: 38460002 PMCID: PMC10965569 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis involves destruction of the lung parenchyma and extracellular matrix deposition. Effective treatments for pulmonary fibrosis are lacking and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Studies have found that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) plays an important role in progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Thus, an in-depth exploration of its mechanism might identify new therapeutic targets. In this study, we revealed that a novel circular RNA, MKLN1 (circMKLN1), was significantly elevated in two pulmonary fibrosis models (intraperitoneally with PQ, 50 mg/kg for 7 days, and intratracheally with BLM, 5 mg/kg for 28 days). Additionally, circMKLN1 was positively correlated with the severity of pulmonary fibrosis. Inhibition of circMKLN1 expression significantly reduced collagen deposition and inhibited EMT in AECs. EMT was aggravated after circMKLN1 overexpression in AECs. MiR-26a-5p/miR-26b-5p (miR-26a/b), the targets of circMKLN1, were confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. CircMKLN1 inhibition elevated miR-26a/b expression. Significantly decreased expression of CDK8 (one of the miR-26a/b targets) was observed after inhibition of circMKLN1. EMT was exacerbated again, and CDK8 expression was significantly increased after circMKLN1 inhibition and cotransfection of miR-26a/b inhibitors in AECs. Our research indicated that circMKLN1 promoted CDK8 expression through sponge adsorption of miR-26a/b, which regulates EMT and pulmonary fibrosis. This study provides a theoretical basis for finding new targets or biomarkers in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xian Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Feiyao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Ruilan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 650 Xinsongjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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20
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Bando M, Homma S, Date H, Kishi K, Yamauchi H, Sakamoto S, Miyamoto A, Goto Y, Nakayama T, Azuma A, Kondoh Y, Johkoh T, Nishioka Y, Fukuoka J, Miyazaki Y, Yoshino I, Suda T. Japanese guidelines for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2023:Revised edition. Respir Investig 2024; 62:402-418. [PMID: 38484504 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis and an unknown cause that generally progresses to pulmonary fibrosis and leads to irreversible tissue alteration. The "Guidelines for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2017," specializing in the treatment of IPF for the first time in Japan and presenting evidence-based standard treatment methods suited to the state of affairs in Japan, was published in 2017, in line with the 2014 version of "Formulation procedure for Minds Clinical Practice Guidelines." Because new evidence had accumulated, we formulated the "Guidelines for the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 2023 (revised 2nd edition)." While keeping the revision consistent with the ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT IPF treatment guidelines, new clinical questions (CQs) on pulmonary hypertension were added to the chronic stage, in addition to acute exacerbation and comorbid lung cancer, which greatly affect the prognosis but are not described in the ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT IPF guidelines. Regarding the advanced stages, we additionally created expert consensus-based advice for palliative care and lung transplantation. The number of CQs increased from 17 in the first edition to 24. It is important that these guidelines be used not only by respiratory specialists but also by general practitioners, patients, and their families; therefore, we plan to revise them appropriately in line with ever-advancing medical progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Bando
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Sakae Homma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Yamauchi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Susumu Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Goto
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Takeo Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Arata Azuma
- Pulmonary Medicine, Tokorozawa Mihara General Hospital, 2-2934-3 Mihara-cho, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-0045, Japan; Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, 160 Nishioiwake-cho, Seto, Aichi, 489-8642, Japan
| | - Takeshi Johkoh
- Department of Radiology, Kansai Rosai Hospital, 3-1-69 Inabaso, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Junya Fukuoka
- Department of Pathology Informatics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yoshino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, 852 Hatakeda, Narita City, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan; Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatus, 431-3192, Japan
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21
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Qian W, Yang L, Li T, Li W, Zhou J, Xie S. RNA modifications in pulmonary diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e546. [PMID: 38706740 PMCID: PMC11068158 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Threatening public health, pulmonary disease (PD) encompasses diverse lung injuries like chronic obstructive PD, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, pulmonary infections due to pathogen invasion, and fatal lung cancer. The crucial involvement of RNA epigenetic modifications in PD pathogenesis is underscored by robust evidence. These modifications not only shape cell fates but also finely modulate the expression of genes linked to disease progression, suggesting their utility as biomarkers and targets for therapeutic strategies. The critical RNA modifications implicated in PDs are summarized in this review, including N6-methylation of adenosine, N1-methylation of adenosine, 5-methylcytosine, pseudouridine (5-ribosyl uracil), 7-methylguanosine, and adenosine to inosine editing, along with relevant regulatory mechanisms. By shedding light on the pathology of PDs, these summaries could spur the identification of new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies, ultimately paving the way for early PD diagnosis and treatment innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qian
- Emergency Department of Emergency MedicineLaboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, And Disaster Medical, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Emergency DepartmentShangjinnanfu Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Lvying Yang
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Veterans Hospital of Sichuan ProvinceChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianlong Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina
| | - Wanlin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's HospitalShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Jian Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National‐Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhenChina
- Department of ImmunologyInternational Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Shenglong Xie
- Department of Thoracic SurgerySichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina
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22
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Patel M, Post Y, Hill N, Sura A, Ye J, Fisher T, Suen N, Zhang M, Cheng L, Pribluda A, Chen H, Yeh WC, Li Y, Baribault H, Fletcher RB. A WNT mimetic with broad spectrum FZD-specificity decreases fibrosis and improves function in a pulmonary damage model. Respir Res 2024; 25:153. [PMID: 38566174 PMCID: PMC10985870 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt/β-catenin signaling is critical for lung development and AT2 stem cell maintenance in adults, but excessive pathway activation has been associated with pulmonary fibrosis, both in animal models and human diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). IPF is a detrimental interstitial lung disease, and although two approved drugs limit functional decline, transplantation is the only treatment that extends survival, highlighting the need for regenerative therapies. METHODS Using our antibody-based platform of Wnt/β-catenin modulators, we investigated the ability of a pathway antagonist and pathway activators to reduce pulmonary fibrosis in the acute bleomycin model, and we tested the ability of a WNT mimetic to affect alveolar organoid cultures. RESULTS A WNT mimetic agonist with broad FZD-binding specificity (FZD1,2,5,7,8) potently expanded alveolar organoids. Upon therapeutic dosing, a broad FZD-binding specific Wnt mimetic decreased pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis and increased lung function in the bleomycin model, and it impacted multiple lung cell types in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the unexpected capacity of a WNT mimetic to effect tissue repair after lung damage and support the continued development of Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehaben Patel
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yorick Post
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Natalie Hill
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Asmiti Sura
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jay Ye
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Trevor Fisher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Nicholas Suen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Mengrui Zhang
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Leona Cheng
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Ariel Pribluda
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Hui Chen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wen-Chen Yeh
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Hélène Baribault
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Russell B Fletcher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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23
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Vajter J, Holubova G, Novysedlak R, Svorcova M, Vachtenheim J, Vymazal T, Lischke R. Anaesthesiologic Considerations for Intraoperative ECMO Anticoagulation During Lung Transplantation: A Single-Centre, Retrospective, Observational Study. Transpl Int 2024; 37:12752. [PMID: 38585623 PMCID: PMC10996050 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2024.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is frequently used during lung transplantation. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is mainly used as part of ECMO support for anticoagulation. One of the most common perioperative complications is bleeding, which high-dose UFH can aggravate. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed (n = 141) patients who underwent lung transplantation between 2020 and 2022. All subjects (n = 109) underwent central cannulated VA ECMO with successful intraoperative ECMO weaning. Patients on ECMO bridge, postoperative ECMO, heart-lung transplants and transplants without ECMO were excluded. The dose of UFH for the entire surgical procedure, blood loss and consumption of blood derivatives intraoperatively and 48 h after ICU admission were recorded. Surgical revision for postoperative bleeding were analyzed. Thrombotic complications, mortality and long-term survival were evaluated. Results: Lower doses of UFH administered for intraoperative ECMO anticoagulation contribute to a reduction in intraoperative blood derivates consumption and blood loss with no thrombotic complications related to the patient or the ECMO circuit. Lower doses of UFH may lead to a decreased incidence of surgical revision for hemothorax. Conclusion: Lower doses of UFH as part of intraoperative ECMO anticoagulation might reduce the incidence of complications and lead to better postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Vajter
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Gabriela Holubova
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Rene Novysedlak
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Monika Svorcova
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Vachtenheim
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Vymazal
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - Robert Lischke
- Prague Lung Transplant Program, 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czechia
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24
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Li C, Feng X, Li S, He X, Luo Z, Cheng X, Yao J, Xiao J, Wang X, Wen D, Liu D, Li Y, Zhou H, Ma L, Lin T, Cai X, Lin Y, Guo L, Yang M. Tetrahedral DNA loaded siCCR2 restrains M1 macrophage polarization to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis in chemoradiation-induced murine model. Mol Ther 2024; 32:766-782. [PMID: 38273656 PMCID: PMC10928155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lethal disease in the absence of demonstrated efficacy for preventing progression. Although macrophage-mediated alveolitis is determined to participate in myofibrotic transition during disease development, the paradigm of continuous macrophage polarization is still under-explored due to lack of proper animal models. Here, by integrating 2.5 U/kg intratracheal Bleomycin administration and 10 Gy thorax irradiation at day 7, we generated a murine model with continuous alveolitis-mediated fibrosis, which mimics most of the clinical features of our involved IPF patients. In combination with data from scRNA-seq of patients and a murine IPF model, a decisive role of CCL2/CCR2 axis in driving M1 macrophage polarization was revealed, and M1 macrophage was further confirmed to boost alveolitis in leading myofibroblast activation. Multiple sticky-end tetrahedral framework nucleic acids conjunct with quadruple ccr2-siRNA (FNA-siCCR2) was synthesized in targeting M1 macrophages. FNA-siCCR2 successfully blocked macrophage accumulation in pulmonary parenchyma of the IPF murine model, thus preventing myofibroblast activation and leading to the disease remitting. Overall, our studies lay the groundwork to develop a novel IPF murine model, reveal M1 macrophages as potential therapeutic targets, and establish new treatment strategy by using FNA-siCCR2, which are highly relevant to clinical scenarios and translational research in the field of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaorong Feng
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xing He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zeli Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Wenjiang Hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's, Chengdu 611138, China
| | - Xia Cheng
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dingke Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Duanya Liu
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tongyu Lin
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Mu Yang
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China.
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25
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Liu YM, Zhang J, Wu JJ, Guo WW, Tang FS. Strengthening pharmacotherapy research for COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:875-879. [PMID: 38414600 PMCID: PMC10895630 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i5.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has resulted in a significant number of individuals developing pulmonary fibrosis (PF), an irreversible lung injury. This condition can manifest within a short interval following the onset of pneumonia symptoms, sometimes even within a few days. While lung transplantation is a potentially lifesaving procedure, its limited availability, high costs, intricate surgeries, and risk of immunological rejection present significant drawbacks. The optimal timing of medication administration for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced PF remains controversial. Despite this, it is crucial to explore pharmacotherapy interventions, involving early and preventative treatment as well as pharmacotherapy options for advanced-stage PF. Additionally, studies have demonstrated disparities in anti-fibrotic treatment based on race and gender factors. Genetic mutations may also impact therapeutic efficacy. Enhancing research efforts on pharmacotherapy interventions, while considering relevant pharmacological factors and optimizing the timing and dosage of medication administration, will lead to enhanced, personalized, and fair treatment for individuals impacted by COVID-19-related PF. These measures are crucial in lessening the burden of the disease on healthcare systems and improving patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Miao Liu
- The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy in Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Central Hospital in Jinchang City, Jinchang 737102, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy in Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy in Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Fu-Shan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy in Zunyi City, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, Guizhou Province, China
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Wu X, Xiao X, Fang H, He C, Wang H, Wang M, Lan P, Wang F, Du Q, Yang H. Elucidating shared biomarkers in gastroesophageal reflux disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: insights into novel therapeutic targets and the role of angelicae sinensis radix. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1348708. [PMID: 38414734 PMCID: PMC10897002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The etiological underpinnings of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remain elusive, coupled with a scarcity of effective therapeutic interventions for IPF. Angelicae sinensis radix (ASR, also named Danggui) is a Chinese herb with potential anti-fibrotic properties, that holds promise as a therapeutic agent for IPF. Objective: This study seeks to elucidate the causal interplay and potential mechanisms underlying the coexistence of GERD and IPF. Furthermore, it aims to investigate the regulatory effect of ASR on this complex relationship. Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) approach was employed to delineate the causal connection between gastroesophageal reflux disease and IPF, with Phennoscanner V2 employed to mitigate confounding factors. Utilizing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and publicly available microarray data, we analyzed potential targets and mechanisms related to IPF in GERD. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to explore the targets and efficacy of ASR in treating GERD-related IPF. External datasets were subsequently utilized to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for GERD-related IPF. Results: The IVW analysis demonstrated a positive causal relationship between GERD and IPF (IVW: OR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.001, 1.003; p < 0.001). Twenty-five shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. GO functional analysis revealed enrichment in neural, cellular, and brain development processes, concentrated in chromosomes and plasma membranes, with protein binding and activation involvement. KEGG analysis unveiled enrichment in proteoglycan, ERBB, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways in cancer. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis identified seven hub genes. Network pharmacology analysis demonstrated that 104 components of ASR targeted five hub genes (PDE4B, DRD2, ERBB4, ESR1, GRM8), with molecular docking confirming their excellent binding efficiency. GRM8 and ESR1 emerged as potential diagnostic biomarkers for GERD-related IPF (ESR1: AUCGERD = 0.762, AUCIPF = 0.725; GRM8: AUCGERD = 0.717, AUCIPF = 0.908). GRM8 and ESR1 emerged as potential diagnostic biomarkers for GERD-related IPF, validated in external datasets. Conclusion: This study establishes a causal link between GERD and IPF, identifying five key targets and two potential diagnostic biomarkers for GERD-related IPF. ASR exhibits intervention efficacy and favorable binding characteristics, positioning it as a promising candidate for treating GERD-related IPF. The potential regulatory mechanisms may involve cell responses to fibroblast growth factor stimulation and steroidal hormone-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyu Fang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuifang He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyue Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peishu Lan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanyu Du
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ikrama M, Usama M, Israr S, Humayon M. Pulmonary fibrosis: Is stem cell therapy the way forward? J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2024; 19:82-89. [PMID: 37876594 PMCID: PMC10590845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis, a chronic and fatal lung disease affecting millions of people worldwide, is characterized by the scarring of lung tissue, thereby impairing oxygen exchange between the lungs and blood. The etiology of pulmonary fibrosis is multifactorial, involving environmental exposures, comorbidities, and genetic mutations. Current pharmacological treatments can only slow the disease progression, and lung transplantation is limited by donor availability and complications. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a potential alternative treatment for pulmonary fibrosis, in which stem cells modulate the inflammatory response, differentiate into lung epithelial cells, secrete growth factors and extracellular matrix components, and enhance vascularization and tissue regeneration. Various sources of stem cells, such as endogenous lung stem cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells, have been investigated in animal models and human trials. Various delivery routes, such as intravenous injection, intratracheal instillation, and inhalation, have been tested for safety and efficacy. However, several challenges and limitations remain to be overcome, such as high costs, ethical issues, immunological compatibility, cell survival and homing, and long-term outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize the protocols and parameters in stem cell therapy for pulmonary fibrosis, and to evaluate the clinical benefits and risks for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikrama
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usama
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shifa Israr
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Humayon
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Lahore, Pakistan
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Kolanko E, Cargnoni A, Papait A, Silini AR, Czekaj P, Parolini O. The evolution of in vitro models of lung fibrosis: promising prospects for drug discovery. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230127. [PMID: 38232990 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0127-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a complex process, with unknown underlying mechanisms, involving various triggers, diseases and stimuli. Different cell types (epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages) interact dynamically through multiple signalling pathways, including biochemical/molecular and mechanical signals, such as stiffness, affecting cell function and differentiation. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common fibrosing interstitial lung disease (fILD), characterised by a notably high mortality. Unfortunately, effective treatments for advanced fILD, and especially IPF and non-IPF progressive fibrosing phenotype ILD, are still lacking. The development of pharmacological therapies faces challenges due to limited knowledge of fibrosis pathogenesis and the absence of pre-clinical models accurately representing the complex features of the disease. To address these challenges, new model systems have been developed to enhance the translatability of preclinical drug testing and bridge the gap to human clinical trials. The use of two- and three-dimensional in vitro cultures derived from healthy or diseased individuals allows for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for lung fibrosis. Additionally, microfluidics systems, which replicate the respiratory system's physiology ex vivo, offer promising opportunities for the development of effective therapies, especially for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Kolanko
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Andrea Papait
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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Zhou P, Wu X, Chen K, Du J, Wang F. Buyang Huanwu decoction ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats by attenuating the apoptosis of alveolar type II epithelial cells mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117300. [PMID: 37813290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) can be attributed to qi deficiency and blood stasis. Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), a representative Chinese herbal prescription for qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, is widely used to treat IPF in clinical practice. However, its potential mechanisms against IPF remain unclear. AIMS OF THE STUDY This study was carried out to explore the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of BHD on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC-MS/MS method was performed to identify the quality of BHD used in this study. Concurrently, a IPF rat model was established by single intratracheal injection of BLM. Pulmonary function test, H&E staining, Masson staining, hydroxyproline assay were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of BHD on BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats, and the regulatory effect of BHD on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-mediated alveolar type II epithelial cells (AEC2s) apoptosis in rats was further investigated by TUNEL staining, Western blot, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence co-staining to reveal the potential mechanisms of BHD against IPF. RESULTS The UPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that the BHD we used complied with the relevant quality control standards. The data from animal experiments confirmed that BHD administration ameliorated BLM-induced pulmonary function decline, lung fibrotic pathological changes and collagen deposition in rats. Further mechanism study revealed that BHD increased the Bcl-2 protein expression, decreased the Bax protein expression and inhibited the cleavage of CASP3 via suppressing the activation of PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway under continuous ERS, thereby alleviating BLM-induced AEC2s apoptosis of rats. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that BHD ameliorated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats by suppressing ERS-mediated AEC2s apoptosis. Our findings can provide some fundamental research basis for the clinical application of BHD in the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China; Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinhui Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Keling Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Du
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Deri O, Ovadia D, Huszti E, Peled M, Saute M, Hod T, Onn A, Seluk L, Furie N, Shafran I, Mass R, Chatterji S, Levy L. Referral rates and barriers to lung transplantation based on pulmonary function criteria in interstitial lung diseases: a retrospective cohort study. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2024; 18:17534666231221750. [PMID: 38179653 PMCID: PMC10771041 DOI: 10.1177/17534666231221750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) unresponsive to medical therapy often require lung transplantation (LTx), which prolongs quality of life and survival. Ideal timing for referral for LTx remains challenging, with late referral associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Among other criteria, patients with ILD should be considered for LTx if forced vital capacity (FVC) is less than 80% or diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is less than 40%. However, data on referral rates are lacking. OBJECTIVES To evaluate referral rates for LTx based on pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and identify barriers associated with non-referral. DESIGN A single-center retrospective cohort study. METHODS The study consisted of ILD patients who performed PFT between 2014 and 2020. Patients with FVC < 80% or a DLCO < 40% were included in the study. Patients with absolute contraindications to LTx were excluded. Referral rates were computed, and a comparison was made between referred and non-referred subjects. RESULTS Out of 114 ILD patients meeting criteria for referral to LTx, 35 were referred (30.7%), and 7 proceeded to undergo LTx. Median time from PFT to referral for assessment was 255 days [interquartile range (IQR) 35-1077]. Median time from referral to LTx was 89 days (IQR 59-143). Referred patients were younger (p = 0.003), had lower FVC (p < 0.001), DLCO (p < 0.001), and a higher rate of pulmonary hypertension (p = 0.04). Relatively better PFT, and older age, were significantly associated with non-referral of patients. CONCLUSION There is under-referral of ILD patients who are eligible for LTx, which is associated with severe disease and missed opportunities for LTx. Further research is required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Deri
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center Hospital – Tel Hashomer, Office #32, Derech Sheba 2, Ramat Gan, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - David Ovadia
- Department of Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ella Huszti
- Biostatistics Research Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Peled
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Milton Saute
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tammy Hod
- Renal Transplant Center, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Onn
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Seluk
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nadav Furie
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbal Shafran
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronen Mass
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sumit Chatterji
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liran Levy
- The Sheba Lung Transplant Program, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Zhou X, Tan F, Zhang S, Zhang T. Deciphering the Underlying Mechanisms of Sanleng-Ezhu for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Network Pharmacology and Single-cell RNA Sequencing Data. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2024; 20:888-910. [PMID: 37559532 DOI: 10.2174/1573409920666230808120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To decipher the underlying mechanisms of Sanleng-Ezhu for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on network pharmacology and single-cell RNA sequencing data. BACKGROUND Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is the most common type of interstitial lung disease. Although the combination of herbs Sanleng (SL) and Ezhu (EZ) has shown reliable efficacy in the management of IPF, its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS Based on LC-MS/MS analysis and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database, we identified the bioactive components of SL-EZ. After obtaining the IPF-related dataset GSE53845 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we performed the differential expression analysis and the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), respectively. We obtained lowly and highly expressed IPF subtype gene sets by comparing Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) with the most significantly negatively and positively related IPF modules in WGCNA. Subsequently, we performed Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses on IPF subtype gene sets. The low- and highexpression MCODE subgroup feature genes were identified by the MCODE plug-in and were adopted for Disease Ontology (DO), GO, and KEGG enrichment analyses. Next, we performed the immune cell infiltration analysis of the MCODE subgroup feature genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated the cell types which expressed different MCODE subgroup feature genes. Molecular docking and animal experiments validated the effectiveness of SL-EZ in delaying the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS We obtained 5 bioactive components of SL-EZ as well as their corresponding 66 candidate targets. After normalizing the samples of the GSE53845 dataset from the GEO database source, we obtained 1907 DEGs of IPF. Next, we performed a WGCNA analysis on the dataset and got 11 modules. Notably, we obtained 2 IPF subgroups by contrasting the most significantly up- and down-regulated modular genes in IPF with DEGs, respectively. The different IPF subgroups were compared with drugcandidate targets to obtain direct targets of action. After constructing the protein interaction networks between IPF subgroup genes and drug candidate targets, we applied the MCODE plug-in to filter the highest-scoring MCODE components. DO, GO, and KEGG enrichment analyses were applied to drug targets, IPF subgroup genes, and MCODE component signature genes. In addition, we downloaded the single-cell dataset GSE157376 from the GEO database. By performing quality control and dimensionality reduction, we clustered the scattered primary sample cells into 11 clusters and annotated them into 2 cell subtypes. Drug sensitivity analysis suggested that SL-EZ acts on different cell subtypes in IPF subgroups. Molecular docking revealed the mode of interaction between targets and their corresponding components. Animal experiments confirmed the efficacy of SL-EZ. CONCLUSION We found SL-EZ acted on epithelial cells mainly through the calcium signaling pathway in the lowly-expressed IPF subtype, while in the highly-expressed IPF subtype, SL-EZ acted on smooth muscle cells mainly through the viral infection, apoptosis, and p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jing'an District Central Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Suxian Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jing'an District Central Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Tiansong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jing'an District Central Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Jing'an District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
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Zhang S, Hu W, Lv C, Song X. Biogenesis and Function of circRNAs in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:395-409. [PMID: 39005062 DOI: 10.2174/0115665232284076240207073542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a class of fibrosing interstitial lung diseases caused by many pathogenic factors inside and outside the lung, with unknown mechanisms and without effective treatment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism implicated in pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis is urgently needed to develop new and effective measures. Although circRNAs have been widely acknowledged as new contributors to the occurrence and development of diseases, only a small number of circRNAs have been functionally characterized in pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we systematically review the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs and focus on how circRNAs participate in pulmonary fibrogenesis by influencing various cell fates. Meanwhile, we analyze the current exploration of circRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker, vaccine, and therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis and objectively discuss the challenges of circRNA- based therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. We hope that the review of the implication of circRNAs will provide new insights into the development circRNA-based approaches to treat pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzi Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Xiaodong Song
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
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Chen Y, Yin H, Sun J, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Zeng H. TrxR/Trx inhibitor butaselen ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smads signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115822. [PMID: 37944440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is highly lethal with limited treatments. Butaselen (BS) is an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)/thioredoxin (Trx) with anti-tumor activity. However, its impact on pulmonary fibrosis and the involved mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that BS is a potential drug for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Specifically, BS can inhibit pulmonary fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo, with comparable efficacy and enhanced safety when compared with pirfenidone. BS and dexamethasone display a synergistic effect in inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies reveal that BS can inhibit the TrxR activity during pulmonary fibrosis. RNA-sequencing analysis identifies that genes of ECM-related signaling pathways are notably affected by BS. BS can not only inhibit the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and reduce pulmonary fibrosis-related inflammation, but also reduce NF-κB-activated transcriptional expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which leads to the inactivation of Smad2/Smad3 and decrease of collagen formation and fibrosis. Moreover, the knockdown of Trx1 with siRNA can also inhibit NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smads signaling. In conclusion, the TrxR/Trx inhibitor butaselen can suppress pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smads signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Biobank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwei Yin
- Shanghai Yuanxi Medicine Corp, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Yuanxi Medicine Corp, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Park SJ, Ryu HW, Kim JH, Hahn HJ, Jang HJ, Ko SK, Oh SR, Lee HJ. Daphnetin Alleviates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis through Inhibition of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and IL-17A. Cells 2023; 12:2795. [PMID: 38132116 PMCID: PMC10742308 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and refractory interstitial lung disease. Although there is no cure for IPF, the development of drugs with improved efficacy in the treatment of IPF is required. Daphnetin, a natural coumarin derivative, has immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, its antifibrotic effects have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the antifibrotic effects of daphnetin on pulmonary fibrosis and the associated molecular mechanism. We examined the effects of daphnetin on splenocytes cultured in Th17 conditions, lung epithelial cells, and a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We identified that daphnetin inhibited IL-17A production in developing Th17 cells. We also found that daphnetin suppressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TGF-β-treated BEAS2B cells through the regulation of AKT phosphorylation. In BLM-treated mice, the oral administration of daphnetin attenuated lung histopathology and improved lung mechanical functions. Our findings clearly demonstrated that daphnetin inhibited IL-17A and EMT both in vitro and in vivo, thereby protecting against BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, these results suggest that daphnetin has potent therapeutic effects on lung fibrosis by modulating both Th17 differentiation and the TGF-β signaling pathway, and we thus expect daphnetin to be a drug candidate for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Park
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.P.); (H.W.R.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-J.H.); (H.-J.J.)
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.P.); (H.W.R.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-J.H.); (H.-J.J.)
| | - Ji-Hyeong Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.P.); (H.W.R.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-J.H.); (H.-J.J.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hwa-Jeong Hahn
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.P.); (H.W.R.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-J.H.); (H.-J.J.)
| | - Hyun-Jae Jang
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.P.); (H.W.R.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-J.H.); (H.-J.J.)
| | - Sung-Kyun Ko
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.P.); (H.W.R.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-J.H.); (H.-J.J.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jun Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju-si 28116, Republic of Korea; (S.-J.P.); (H.W.R.); (J.-H.K.); (H.-J.H.); (H.-J.J.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;
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Xiao T, Gao D, Gu X, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, He Y, Wei L, Li H, Zhou H, Yang C. Flavokawain A ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway and CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:175981. [PMID: 37579968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive fibrotic lung disease characterized by myofibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition that has a high mortality rate and limited therapeutic options. Flavokawain A(FKA) is the major component of chalcone in kava extract. FKA has been reported to inhibit TGF-β1-induced cardiomyocyte fibrosis by suppressing ROS production in A7r5 cells, but the role and mechanism of FKA in pulmonary fibrosis are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of FKA on pulmonary fibrosis using an animal model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and showed that FKA alleviated the development of pulmonary fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner and improved lung function as well as collagen deposition and extracellular matrix accumulation in mice. In vitro studies showed that FKA inhibited myofibroblast activation and lung fibrosis progression by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad signaling in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we identified CXCL12 as a potential target of FKA through target prediction. Molecular docking, CETSA(cellular thermal displacement assay) and silver staining assays further demonstrated that FKA could interact with CXCL12 and that FKA could inhibit CXCL12 dimerization in vitro. Further analysis revealed that FKA could inhibit fibroblast activation and reduce extracellular matrix (ECM) production and collagen deposition by blocking CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling, and knocking down CXCR4 expression could weaken the inhibitory effect of FKA on CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction. In conclusion, our study showed that FKA inhibited CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling by inhibiting CXCL12 dimerization, blocked the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway and inhibited the TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathway to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis, and FKA is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Dandi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Xiaoting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Yanping Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China
| | - Yiming He
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Luqing Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, No. 7 Beiyi Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300400, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, No. 7 Beiyi Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300400, China.
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300353, China.
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Yan L, Hou C, Liu J, Wang Y, Zeng C, Yu J, Zhou T, Zhou Q, Duan S, Xiong W. Local administration of liposomal-based Plekhf1 gene therapy attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating macrophage polarization. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2571-2586. [PMID: 37340175 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease with limited therapeutic options. Macrophages, particularly alternatively activated macrophages (M2), have been recognized to contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, targeting macrophages might be a viable therapeutic strategy for IPF. Herein, we report a potential nanomedicine-based gene therapy for IPF by modulating macrophage M2 activation. In this study, we illustrated that the levels of pleckstrin homology and FYVE domain containing 1 (Plekhf1) were increased in the lungs originating from IPF patients and PF mice. Further functionality studies identified the pivotal role of Plekhf1 in macrophage M2 activation. Mechanistically, Plekhf1 was upregulated by IL-4/IL-13 stimulation, after which Plekhf1 enhanced PI3K/Akt signaling to promote the macrophage M2 program and exacerbate pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, intratracheal administration of Plekhf1 siRNA-loaded liposomes could effectively suppress the expression of Plekhf1 in the lungs and notably protect mice against BLM-induced lung injury and fibrosis, concomitant with a significant reduction in M2 macrophage accumulation in the lungs. In conclusion, Plekhf1 may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, and Plekhf1 siRNA-loaded liposomes might be a promising therapeutic approach against pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chenchen Hou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chenxi Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tianyu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Shengzhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Gao Y, Yang Z, He K, Wang Z, Zhang T, Yi J, Zhao L. Voluntary wheel-running improved pulmonary fibrosis by reducing epithelial mesenchymal transformation. Life Sci 2023; 331:122066. [PMID: 37666388 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pulmonary fibrosis seriously affects the health and life quality of patients. Exercise has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, but its effect on pulmonary fibrosis is unclear. In this study, the effect and mechanism of exercise on pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat were detected. MAIN METHODS Three data sets were retrieved from GEO data. The biological significance of DEGs generation was determined by GO, KEGG, GSEA, and PPI. Thirty male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and exercise group. H&E staining, Masson staining, Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to explore the results. The levels of SOD, CAT, MDA, and GSH in lung tissue were analyzed with detection kits. The levels of inflammatory factors in serum and BALF were measured by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS Compared with the control group, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrotic lesions were increased in the model group. Compared with the model group, voluntary wheel-running reducing the EMT of alveolar epithelial cells, the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the level of oxidative distress. Moreover, compared to model group, the serum IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ were increased, while the serum CXCL1 were decreased, while the levels of CXCL1, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were decreased in exercise group. SIGNIFICANCE Voluntary wheel-running reduced inflammatory infiltration and upregulated the expression of antioxidative distress proteins, further to improve the degree of EMT, and ultimately alleviated paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaoyun Yang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Kang He
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Tingyu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Jiang Yi
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China.
| | - Lijing Zhao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China.
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Rautajoki T, Lehto JT, Sutinen E, Bergman P, Sintonen H, Rajala K, Mäkelä K, Hollmen M, Saarto T, Myllärniemi M. Dyspnea Associates With a Widely Impaired Quality of Life in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients: A Longitudinal Study Using 15D. J Palliat Med 2023; 26:1357-1364. [PMID: 37366772 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Research on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is crucial for developing comprehensive palliative care in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Objectives: To study IPF patients' HRQoL compared with general population and its association with dyspnea in a longitudinal follow-up. Design: Assessment of IPF patients' HRQoL by a generic tool. Comparison of baseline data with the general population and a 30-month follow-up with 6 months intervals. Setting/Subjects: In total, 246 IPF patients were recruited from the Finnish nationwide real-life study, FinnishIPF. Measurements: Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scale for dyspnea and the generic HRQoL tool 15D for the total and dimensional HRQoL were used. Results: At baseline, the mean 15D total score was lower (0.786, standard deviation [SD] 0.116) in IPF patients than in the general population (0.871, SD 0.043) (p < 0.001) and among the IPF patients with MMRC ≥2 compared with those with MMRC <2 (p < 0.001). In patients with MMRC ≥2, significant impairment compared with general population existed in 11 dimensions of HRQoL, such as breathing, usual activities, and sexual activity, whereas this was true in only 4 dimensions in MMRC <2 category. Mental function was not impaired in either group. During the follow-up, 15D total score decreased in both MMRC categories (p < 0.001) but stayed constantly worse in the MMRC ≥2 group. Seven and two dimensions of HRQoL significantly declined in the categories of MMRC <2 and MMRC ≥2, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with IPF, especially if dyspnea limits everyday life, suffer from widely impaired HRQoL, although self-assessed mental capability is preserved. Integrated palliative care is supported to face the multiple needs of IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli Rautajoki
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juho T Lehto
- Palliative Care Centre and Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eva Sutinen
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Bergman
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Sintonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Kati Mäkelä
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Hollmen
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Saarto
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Palliative Care Center, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjukka Myllärniemi
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Liu Q, Liu X, Wang G, Wu F, Hou Y, Liu H. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of Astragalus and Danshen on the intervention of myofibroblast activation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:325. [PMID: 37667288 PMCID: PMC10478235 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, is characterized by continuous damage to alveolar epithelial cells, abnormal repair of alveolar tissue, and alveolar wall scar formation. Currently, the recommended treatment for IPF in Western medicine is relatively limited. In contrast, traditional Chinese medicine and compound prescriptions show advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of IPF, which can be attributed to their multi-channel and multi-target characteristics and minimal side-effects. The purpose of this study was to further corroborate the effectiveness and significance of the traditional Chinese medications Astragalus and Danshen in IPF treatment. METHODS We performed whole-genome methylation analysis on nine rat lung tissue samples to determine the epigenetic variation between IPF and non-fibrotic lungs using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions. RESULTS We identified differentially methylated regions and 105 associated key functional genes in samples related to IPF and Chinese medicine treatment. Based on the methylation levels and gene expression profiles between the Chinese medicine intervention and pulmonary fibrosis model groups, we speculated that Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza (traditionally known as Danshen) act on the Isl1, forkhead box O3, and Sonic hedgehog genes via regulation at transcriptional and epigenetic levels during IPF. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide novel insights into the epigenetic regulation of IPF, indicate the effectiveness of Astragalus and Danshen in treating IPF, and suggest several promising therapeutic targets for preventing and treating IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655, Daxue Road, University Science Park, Changqing District, Jinan City, 250355, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369, Jing Shi Road, Jinan City, 250013, China
| | - Guoyu Wang
- Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xizhang Road, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655, Daxue Road, University Science Park, Changqing District, Jinan City, 250355, China
| | - Yuan Hou
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369, Jing Shi Road, Jinan City, 250013, China
| | - Huaman Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369, Jing Shi Road, Jinan City, 250013, China.
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40
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Zhao H, Wang L, Yan Y, Zhao QH, He J, Jiang R, Luo CJ, Qiu HL, Miao YQ, Gong SG, Yuan P, Wu WH. Identification of the shared gene signatures between pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension using bioinformatics analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197752. [PMID: 37731513 PMCID: PMC10507338 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) have common pathophysiological features, such as the significant remodeling of pulmonary parenchyma and vascular wall. There is no effective specific drug in clinical treatment for these two diseases, resulting in a worse prognosis and higher mortality. This study aimed to screen the common key genes and immune characteristics of PF and PH by means of bioinformatics to find new common therapeutic targets. Expression profiles are downloaded from the Gene Expression Database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis is used to identify the co-expression modules related to PF and PH. We used the ClueGO software to enrich and analyze the common genes in PF and PH and obtained the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Then, the differential genes were screened out in another cohort of PF and PH, and the shared genes were crossed. Finally, RT-PCR verification and immune infiltration analysis were performed on the intersection genes. In the result, the positive correlation module with the highest correlation between PF and PH was determined, and it was found that lymphocyte activation is a common feature of the pathophysiology of PF and PH. Eight common characteristic genes (ACTR2, COL5A2, COL6A3, CYSLTR1, IGF1, RSPO3, SCARNA17 and SEL1L) were gained. Immune infiltration showed that compared with the control group, resting CD4 memory T cells were upregulated in PF and PH. Combining the results of crossing characteristic genes in ImmPort database and RT-PCR, the important gene IGF1 was obtained. Knocking down IGF1 could significantly reduce the proliferation and apoptosis resistance in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, pulmonary smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts induced by hypoxia, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), respectively. Our work identified the common biomarkers of PF and PH and provided a new candidate gene for the potential therapeutic targets of PF and PH in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Hua Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ci-Jun Luo
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Ling Qiu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qing Miao
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-Gang Gong
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Hui Wu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Olsson KM, Corte TJ, Kamp JC, Montani D, Nathan SD, Neubert L, Price LC, Kiely DG. Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung disease: new insights into pathomechanisms, diagnosis, and management. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2023; 11:820-835. [PMID: 37591300 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Patients with chronic lung diseases, particularly interstitial lung disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, frequently develop pulmonary hypertension, which results in clinical deterioration, worsening of oxygen uptake, and an increased mortality risk. Pulmonary hypertension can develop and progress independently from the underlying lung disease. The pulmonary vasculopathy is distinct from that of other forms of pulmonary hypertension, with vascular ablation due to loss of small pulmonary vessels being a key feature. Long-term tobacco exposure might contribute to this type of pulmonary vascular remodelling. The distinct pathomechanisms together with the underlying lung disease might explain why treatment options for this condition remain scarce. Most drugs approved for pulmonary arterial hypertension have shown no or sometimes harmful effects in pulmonary hypertension associated with lung disease. An exception is inhaled treprostinil, which improves exercise capacity in patients with interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension. There is a pressing need for safe, effective treatment options and for reliable, non-invasive diagnostic tools to detect and characterise pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Olsson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hanover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Tamera J Corte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jan C Kamp
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hanover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - David Montani
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche 999, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Steven D Nathan
- Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Lavinia Neubert
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hanover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura C Price
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David G Kiely
- Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield, UK
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42
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Wang Y, Cheng D, Li Z, Sun W, Zhou S, Peng L, Xiong H, Jia X, Li W, Han L, Liu Y, Ni C. IL33-mediated NPM1 promotes fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition via ERK/AP-1 signaling in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:71-86. [PMID: 37399107 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a global occupational pulmonary disease due to the accumulation of silica dust in the lung. Lacking effective clinical drugs makes the treatment of this disease quite challenging in clinics largely because the pathogenic mechanisms remain obscure. Interleukin 33 (IL33), a pleiotropic cytokine, could promote wound healing and tissue repair via the receptor ST2. However, the mechanisms governing the involvement of IL33 in silicosis progression remain to be further explored. Here, we demonstrated that the IL33 levels in the lung sections were significantly overexpressed after bleomycin and silica treatment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, knockdown, and reverse experiments were performed in lung fibroblasts to prove gene interaction following exogenous IL33 treatment or cocultured with silica-treated lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, we illustrated that silica-stimulated lung epithelial cells secreted IL33 and further promoted the activation, proliferation, and migration of pulmonary fibroblasts by activating the ERK/AP-1/NPM1 signaling pathway in vitro. And more, treatment with NPM1 siRNA-loaded liposomes markedly protected mice from silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. In conclusion, the involvement of NPM1 in the progression of silicosis is regulated by the IL33/ERK/AP-1 signaling axis, which is the potential therapeutic target candidate in developing novel antifibrotic strategies for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Demin Cheng
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenqing Sun
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Siyun Zhou
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lan Peng
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Haojie Xiong
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinying Jia
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Lei Han
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chunhui Ni
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Rahman MT, Nahar NU, Ibrahim M, Islam I, Bhowmik B, Shirin M, Khan MMR, Akkas N, Molla MMA. Early Prediction and HRCT Evaluation of Post Covid-19 Related Lung Fibrosis. Microbiol Insights 2023; 16:11786361231190334. [PMID: 37621407 PMCID: PMC10445642 DOI: 10.1177/11786361231190334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early detection of post-COVID-19-related lung fibrosis is very important for the early introduction of treatment and to minimize morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is the early detection and evaluation of post-COVID-19 fibrosis by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Methods This prospective study included 115 patients irrespective of age and sex, who tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 by nasopharyngeal swab (RT PCR), admitted to the Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC) dedicated COVID-19 hospital, Dhaka, and discharged after recovery. Patients went through a chest HRCT scan at least once during their hospital stay and another scan during follow-up after hospital discharge and 8 to 12 weeks of negative RT-PCR report. Result Among 100 patients 23 patients had >50% of total lung involvement by visual assessment. Thirty-three patients had 25% to 50% of total lung volume involvement. Twenty-seven patients had less than 25% of total lung involvement, whereas 17 patients had no visual fibrotic change on the follow-up HRCT scan. A statistical association was found between age, gender, smoking, and severe form of lung fibrosis (P < .05). Patients with mild CT severity score (⩽8) had a very good prognosis. Patients who were admitted to the hospital for more than 15 days were more prone to developing moderate and severe forms of fibrosis. Patients who received at least 2 doses of the COVID-19 vaccine had less severe forms of fibrosis as well as more cases of complete radiological recovery. On the HRCT scan, most of the patients had bilateral, peripheral (68%), and predominant mid & lower lobar parenchymal involvement. Conclusion Early detection and HRCT evaluation of post-COVID-19 related lung fibrosis is very crucial for early management and introduction of anti-fibrotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Tanzilur Rahman
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, DNCC Dedicated Covid-19 Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nishat Un Nahar
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, DNCC Dedicated Covid-19 Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ibrahim
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, DNCC Dedicated Covid-19 Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Iftadul Islam
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Bishwajit Bhowmik
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbuba Shirin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nafisa Akkas
- Department of Pharmacology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Maruf Ahmed Molla
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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44
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Guo H, Sun J, Zhang S, Nie Y, Zhou S, Zeng Y. Progress in understanding and treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: recent insights and emerging therapies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1205948. [PMID: 37608885 PMCID: PMC10440605 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1205948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a long-lasting, continuously advancing, and irrevocable interstitial lung disorder with an obscure origin and inadequately comprehended pathological mechanisms. Despite the intricate and uncharted causes and pathways of IPF, the scholarly consensus upholds that the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts-instigated by injury to the alveolar epithelial cells-and the disproportionate accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as collagen, are integral to IPF's progression. The introduction of two novel anti-fibrotic medications, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have exhibited efficacy in decelerating the ongoing degradation of lung function, lessening hospitalization risk, and postponing exacerbations among IPF patients. Nonetheless, these pharmacological interventions do not present a definitive solution to IPF, positioning lung transplantation as the solitary potential curative measure in contemporary medical practice. A host of innovative therapeutic strategies are presently under rigorous scrutiny. This comprehensive review encapsulates the recent advancements in IPF research, spanning from diagnosis and etiology to pathological mechanisms, and introduces a discussion on nascent therapeutic methodologies currently in the pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yulan Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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45
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Richeldi L, Azuma A, Cottin V, Kreuter M, Maher TM, Martinez FJ, Oldham JM, Valenzuela C, Gordat M, Liu Y, Stowasser S, Zoz DF, Wijsenbeek MS. Design of a phase III, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of BI 1015550 in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (FIBRONEER-IPF). BMJ Open Respir Res 2023; 10:e001563. [PMID: 37597969 PMCID: PMC10441083 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThere is an unmet need for new treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The oral preferential phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitor, BI 1015550, prevented a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) in a phase II study in patients with IPF. This study design describes the subsequent pivotal phase III study of BI 1015550 in patients with IPF (FIBRONEER-IPF). METHODS AND ANALYSIS In this placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase III trial, patients are being randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive 9 mg or 18 mg of BI 1015550 or placebo two times per day over at least 52 weeks, stratified by use of background antifibrotics (nintedanib/pirfenidone vs neither). The primary endpoint is the absolute change in FVC at week 52. The key secondary endpoint is a composite of time to first acute IPF exacerbation, hospitalisation due to respiratory cause or death over the duration of the trial. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial is being carried out in compliance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, in accordance with the International Council on Harmonisation Guideline for Good Clinical Practice and other local ethics committees. The results of the study will be disseminated at scientific congresses and in peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05321069.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Richeldi
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Arata Azuma
- Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Research Centre, Meisei Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Vincent Cottin
- Hôpital Louis Pradel, Centre Coordonnateur National de référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Hospices Civils de Lyon, UMR754, INRAE, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Member of ERN-LUNG, Lyon, France
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Centre for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Department of Pneumology, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, RKH Clinic Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany
| | - Toby M Maher
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Section of Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Justin M Oldham
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Claudia Valenzuela
- ILD Unit, Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maud Gordat
- Clinical Development & Operation Department, Boehringer Ingelheim, Reims, France
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Susanne Stowasser
- TA Inflammation Med, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Donald F Zoz
- Global Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Marlies S Wijsenbeek
- Centre for Interstitial Lung Diseases and Sarcoidosis, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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El-Fakharany EM, El-Gendi H, El-Maradny YA, Abu-Serie MM, Abdel-Wahhab KG, Shabana ME, Ashry M. Inhibitory effect of lactoferrin-coated zinc nanoparticles on SARS-CoV-2 replication and entry along with improvement of lung fibrosis induced in adult male albino rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125552. [PMID: 37356684 PMCID: PMC10290166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2019-new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a major global challenge caused by a pandemic disease, named 'COVID-19' with no effective and selective therapy available so far. COVID-19-associated mortality is directly related to the inability to suppress the viral infection and the uncontrolled inflammatory response. So, we investigated the antiviral efficiency of the nanofabricated and well-characterized lactoferrin-coated zinc nanoparticles (Lf-Zn-NPs) on SARS-CoV-2 replication and entry into host cells. Lf-Zn-NPs showed potent inhibition of the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells by inhibition of ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor. This inhibitory activity of Lf-Zn-NPs to target the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the ACE2 receptor offers potent protection against COVID-19 outbreaks. Moreover, the administration of Lf-Zn-NPs markedly improved lung fibrosis disorders, as supported by histopathological findings and monitored by the significant reduction in the values of CRP, LDH, ferritin, and D-dimer, with a remarkable rise in CD4+, lung SOD, GPx, GSH, and CAT levels. Lf-Zn-NPs revealed therapeutic efficiency against lung fibrosis owing to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and ACE2-inhibiting activities. These findings suggest a promising nanomedicine agent against COVID-19 and its complications, with improved antiviral and immunomodulatory properties as well as a safer mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA- City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hamada El-Gendi
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Yousra A El-Maradny
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA- City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Alamein 51718, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Mahmoud Ashry
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
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Zhang Z, Gao J, Yu J, Zhang N, Fu Y, Jiang X, Wang X, Song J, Wen Z. Transcriptome analysis of novel macrophage M1-related biomarkers and potential therapeutic agents in ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation based on the WGCNA and CIBERSORT algorithms. Transpl Immunol 2023; 79:101860. [PMID: 37230395 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is the last effective treatment for end-stage respiratory failure, however, with ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) inevitably occurring in postoperative period. IRI is the major pathophysiologic mechanism of primary graft dysfunction, a severe complication that contributes to prolonged length of stay and overall mortality. The understanding of pathophysiology and etiology remain limited and the underlying molecular mechanism, as well as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, urgently require exploration. Excessive uncontrolled inflammatory response is the core mechanism of IRI. In this research, a weighted gene co-expression network was established using the CIBERSORT and WGCNA algorithms in order to identify macrophage-related hub genes based on the data downloaded from the GEO database (GSE127003, GSE18995). 692 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in reperfused lung allografts were identified, with three genes recognized as being related to M1 macrophages and validated as differentially expressed using GSE18995 dataset. Of these putative novel biomarker genes, TCRα subunit constant gene (TRAC) were downregulated, while Perforin-1 (PRF1) and Granzyme B (GZMB) were upregulated in reperfused vs. ischemic lung allografts. Furthermore, we obtained 189 potentially therapeutic small molecules for IRI after lung transplantation from the CMap database among which PD-98059 was the top molecule with the highest absolute correlated connectivity score (CS). Our study provides the novel insights into the impact of immune cells on the etiology of IRI and potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Nevertheless, further investigation of these key genes and therapeutic drugs is needed to validate their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiameng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingan Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jiong Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongmei Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Aggarwal K, Arora S, Nagpal K. Pulmonary Fibrosis: Unveiling the Pathogenesis, Exploring Therapeutic Targets, and Advancements in Drug Delivery Strategies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:152. [PMID: 37442839 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02618-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an ailment with no cure and a very high rate of progression that ultimately leads to death. The exact reason for this disease is still not acknowledged. Many underlying mechanisms of wound healing and various types of stimuli that trigger the pathogenesis of IPF continue to be intensively explored. The exact therapy for the reversal of this disease is not yet known and is constantly in progress. Existing treatments only slow down the process or mitigate the symptoms to enhance the patient's healthcare system. The only two Food and Drug Administration-approved oral medications include pirfenidone and nintedanib whose high dose and systemic circulation can have side effects to a greater extent. Further research on restorative and extra-curative therapies for IPF is necessary due to the absence of viable therapeutic choices. To assure minimum off-targeted site delivery and longer duration of action, techniques that offer a sustainable release of the drug, better bioavailability, and patient compliance can be used.The work is an overview of the main therapeutic targets and pertinent developing therapies for the management of IPF. This study is an attempt to focus on various drug delivery systems that are responsible for showing effectiveness in defense mechanisms against IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Aggarwal
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, U.P, Noida, 201303, India
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, U.P, Noida, 201303, India
| | - Kalpana Nagpal
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, U.P, Noida, 201303, India.
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Wan Q, Zhang X, Zhou D, Xie R, Cai Y, Zhang K, Sun X. Inhaled nano-based therapeutics for pulmonary fibrosis: recent advances and future prospects. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:215. [PMID: 37422665 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It is reported that pulmonary fibrosis has become one of the major long-term complications of COVID-19, even in asymptomatic individuals. Currently, despite the best efforts of the global medical community, there are no treatments for COVID-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Recently, inhalable nanocarriers have received more attention due to their ability to improve the solubility of insoluble drugs, penetrate biological barriers of the lungs and target fibrotic tissues in the lungs. The inhalation route has many advantages as a non-invasive method of administration and the local delivery of anti-fibrosis agents to fibrotic tissues like direct to the lesion from the respiratory system, high delivery efficiency, low systemic toxicity, low therapeutic dose and more stable dosage forms. In addition, the lung has low biometabolic enzyme activity and no hepatic first-pass effect, so the drug is rapidly absorbed after pulmonary administration, which can significantly improve the bioavailability of the drug. This paper summary the pathogenesis and current treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and reviews various inhalable systems for drug delivery in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, including lipid-based nanocarriers, nanovesicles, polymeric nanocarriers, protein nanocarriers, nanosuspensions, nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles and hydrogel, which provides a theoretical basis for finding new strategies for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and clinical rational drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Wan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Dongfang Zhou
- Zhejiang China Resources Sanjiu Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yue Cai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Kehao Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xuanrong Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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50
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Wang R, Yang YM. Identification of potential biomarkers for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and validation of TDO2 as a potential therapeutic target. World J Cardiol 2023; 15:293-308. [PMID: 37397828 PMCID: PMC10308271 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v15.i6.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with a high mortality rate. On this basis, exploring potential therapeutic targets to meet the unmet needs of IPF patients is important.
AIM To explore novel hub genes for IPF therapy.
METHODS Here, we used public datasets to identify differentially expressed genes between IPF patients and healthy donors. Potential targets were considered based on multiple bioinformatics analyses, especially the correlation between hub genes and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide, forced vital capacity, and patient survival rate. The mRNA levels of the hub genes were determined through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS We found that TDO2 was upregulated in IPF patients and predicted poor prognosis. Surprisingly, single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis revealed significant enrichment of TDO2 in alveolar fibroblasts, indicating that TDO2 may participate in the regulation of proliferation and survival. Therefore, we verified the upregulated expression of TDO2 in an experimental mouse model of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, the results showed that a TDO2 inhibitor effectively suppressed TGF-β-induced fibroblast activation. These findings suggest that TDO2 may be a potential target for IPF treatment. Based on transcription factors-microRNA prediction and scRNA-seq analysis, elevated TDO2 promoted the IPF proliferation of fibroblasts and may be involved in the P53 pathway and aggravate ageing and persistent pulmonary fibrosis.
CONCLUSION We provided new target genes prediction and proposed blocking TGF-β production as a potential treatment for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Mei Yang
- Zhengzhou University, Research Centre of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
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