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Hu H, Li F, Cheng S, Qu T, Shen F, Cheng J, Chen L, Zhao Z, Hu H. Alternate-day fasting ameliorated anxiety-like behavior in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109526. [PMID: 37931668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternate-day fasting (ADF) has been reported to reduce body weight, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress damage. However, it is not known whether ADF affects obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior. Here, male C57BL/6 mice were given an alternate fasting and high-fat diet (HFD) or standard chow diet (SD) every other day for 16 or 5 weeks. After the intervention, the degree of anxiety of the mice was evaluated by the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Pathological changes in the hippocampus, the expression of Sirt1 and its downstream protein monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) in the hippocampus, and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were detected. Compared with HFD-fed mice, HFD-fed mice subjected to ADF for 16 weeks had a lower body weight but more brown adipose tissue (BAT), less anxiety behavior, and less pathological damage in the hippocampus, and lower expression of Sirt1 and MAO-A protein and higher 5-HT levels in the hippocampus could be observed. In addition, we noted that long-term ADF intervention could cause anxiety-like behavior in SD mice. Next, we changed the intervention time to 5 weeks. The results showed that short-term ADF intervention could reduce the body weight and increase the BAT mass of SD mice, but it did not affect anxiety. These results indicated that long-term ADF ameliorated obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior and hippocampal damage, but caused anxiety in normal-weight mice. Short-term ADF did not produce adverse emotional reactions in normal-weight mice. Here, we might provide new ideas for the treatment of obesity-induced anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of pharmacy, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Li
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaoli Cheng
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fanqi Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenghang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Shin YC, Latorre-Muro P, Djurabekova A, Zdorevskyi O, Bennett CF, Burger N, Song K, Xu C, Sharma V, Liao M, Puigserver P. Structural basis of respiratory complexes adaptation to cold temperatures. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.16.575914. [PMID: 38293190 PMCID: PMC10827213 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.16.575914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In response to cold, mammals activate brown fat for respiratory-dependent thermogenesis reliant on the electron transport chain (1, 2). Yet, the structural basis of respiratory complex adaptation to cold remains elusive. Herein we combined thermoregulatory physiology and cryo-EM to study endogenous respiratory supercomplexes exposed to different temperatures. A cold-induced conformation of CI:III 2 (termed type 2) was identified with a ∼25° rotation of CIII 2 around its inter-dimer axis, shortening inter-complex Q exchange space, and exhibiting different catalytic states which favor electron transfer. Large-scale supercomplex simulations in lipid membrane reveal how unique lipid-protein arrangements stabilize type 2 complexes to enhance catalytic activity. Together, our cryo-EM studies, multiscale simulations and biochemical analyses unveil the mechanisms and dynamics of respiratory adaptation at the structural and energetic level.
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Sharma P, Halder A, Jain M, Tripathi M. Whole Exome Sequencing Reveals Rare Variants in Genes Associated with Metabolic Disorders in Women with PCOS. J Hum Reprod Sci 2023; 16:307-316. [PMID: 38322634 PMCID: PMC10841935 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_13_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex genetic trait, the pathogenesis of which is governed by an interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors. However, the aetiology of PCOS is not fully understood. Aims The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic causes of PCOS by identifying rare variants in genes implicated in its pathophysiology. Settings and Design This was a hospital-based observational study. Materials and Methods We used whole-exome sequencing for 52 PCOS women to identify the rare variants in genes related to PCOS pathogenesis. Subsequently, we analysed these variants using in silico prediction software to determine their functional effects. We then assessed the relationship between these variants and the clinical outcomes of the patients. Statistical Analysis Used Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare clinical parameters and frequency differences amongst PCOS patients with and without variants. Results A total of four rare exonic variants in obesity- and hyperinsulinaemia-related genes including UCP1 (p.Thr227Ile), UCP2 (p.Arg88Cys), IRS1 (p.Ser892Gly) and GHRL (p.Leu72Met) were identified in eight patients. Significant differences were observed between the patients carrying variants and those without variants. PCOS patients with identified variants exhibited significantly higher average body mass index and fasting insulin levels of PCOS subjects with identified variants compared to those without variants (P < 0.05). Additionally, there were significant differences in the variant frequencies of four variants when compared to the population database (P < 0.05). Conclusion This study shows a prevalence of rare variants in obesity and hyperinsulinaemia-related genes in a cohort of PCOS women, thereby underscoring the impact of the identified rare variants on the development of obesity and associated metabolic derangements in PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyal Sharma
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashutosh Halder
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Jain
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Tripathi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Xu J, Cui L, Wang J, Zheng S, Zhang H, Ke S, Cao X, Shi Y, Li J, Zen K, Vidal-Puig A, Zhang CY, Li L, Jiang X. Cold-activated brown fat-derived extracellular vesicle-miR-378a-3p stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5480. [PMID: 37673898 PMCID: PMC10482845 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During cold exposure, activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) takes up a large amount of circulating glucose to fuel non-shivering thermogenesis and defend against hypothermia. However, little is known about the endocrine function of BAT controlling glucose homoeostasis under this thermoregulatory challenge. Here, we show that in male mice, activated BAT-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs) reprogram systemic glucose metabolism by promoting hepatic gluconeogenesis during cold stress. Cold exposure facilitates the selective packaging of miR-378a-3p-one of the BAT-enriched miRNAs-into EVs and delivery into the liver. BAT-derived miR-378a-3p enhances gluconeogenesis by targeting p110α. miR-378 KO mice display reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis during cold exposure, while restoration of miR-378a-3p in iBAT induces the expression of gluconeogenic genes in the liver. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of BDEV-miRNA as stress-induced batokine to coordinate systemic glucose homoeostasis. This miR-378a-3p-mediated interorgan communication highlights a novel endocrine function of BAT in preventing hypoglycemia during cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Xu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Le Cui
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shasha Zheng
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huahua Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Ke
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Cao
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanteng Shi
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Zen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liang Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Ssu72 phosphatase is essential for thermogenic adaptation by regulating cytosolic translation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1097. [PMID: 36841836 PMCID: PMC9968297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36836-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a pivotal role in maintaining body temperature and energy homeostasis. BAT dysfunction is associated with impaired metabolic health. Here, we show that Ssu72 phosphatase is essential for mRNA translation of genes required for thermogenesis in BAT. Ssu72 is found to be highly expressed in BAT among adipose tissue depots, and the expression level of Ssu72 is increased upon acute cold exposure. Mice lacking adipocyte Ssu72 exhibit cold intolerance during acute cold exposure. Mechanistically, Ssu72 deficiency alters cytosolic mRNA translation program through hyperphosphorylation of eIF2α and reduces translation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) subunits, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and defective thermogenesis in BAT. In addition, metabolic dysfunction in Ssu72-deficient BAT returns to almost normal after restoring Ssu72 expression. In summary, our findings demonstrate that cold-responsive Ssu72 phosphatase is involved in cytosolic translation of key thermogenic effectors via dephosphorylation of eIF2α in brown adipocytes, providing insights into metabolic benefits of Ssu72.
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Zhou R, Cao Y, Xiang Y, Fang P, Shang W. Emerging roles of histone deacetylases in adaptive thermogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1124408. [PMID: 36875455 PMCID: PMC9978507 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown and beige adipose tissues regulate body energy expenditure through adaptive thermogenesis, which converts energy into heat by oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling. Although promoting adaptive thermogenesis has been demonstrated to be a prospective strategy for obesity control, there are few methods for increasing adipose tissue thermogenesis in a safe and effective way. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is a category of epigenetic modifying enzymes that catalyzes deacetylation on both histone and non-histone proteins. Recent studies illustrated that HDACs play an important role in adipose tissue thermogenesis through modulating gene transcription and chromatin structure as well as cellular signals transduction in both deacetylation dependent or independent manners. Given that different classes and subtypes of HDACs show diversity in the mechanisms of adaptive thermogenesis regulation, we systematically summarized the effects of different HDACs on adaptive thermogenesis and their underlying mechanisms in this review. We also emphasized the differences among HDACs in thermogenesis regulation, which will help to find new efficient anti-obesity drugs targeting specific HDAC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Penghua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Penghua Fang, ; Wenbin Shang,
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Penghua Fang, ; Wenbin Shang,
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Song Z, Xiaoli AM, Li Y, Siqin G, Wu T, Strich R, Pessin JE, Yang F. The conserved Mediator subunit cyclin C (CCNC) is required for brown adipocyte development and lipid accumulation. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101548. [PMID: 35863637 PMCID: PMC9386464 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cyclin C (CCNC) is the most conserved subunit of the Mediator complex, which is an important transcription cofactor. Recently, we have found that CCNC facilitates brown adipogenesis in vitro by activating C/EBPα-dependent transcription. However, the role of CCNC in brown adipose tissue (BAT) in vivo remains unclear. METHODS We generated conditional knock-out mice by crossing Ccncflox/flox mice with Myf5Cre, Ucp1Cre or AdipoqCre transgenic mice to investigate the role of CCNC in BAT development and function. We applied glucose and insulin tolerance test, cold exposure and indirect calorimetry to capture the physiological phenotypes and used immunostaining, immunoblotting, qRT-PCR, RNA-seq and cell culture to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Here, we show that deletion of CCNC in Myf5+ progenitor cells caused BAT paucity, despite the fact that there was significant neonatal lethality. Mechanistically different from in vitro, CCNC deficiency impaired the proliferation of embryonic brown fat progenitor cells without affecting brown adipogenesis or cell death. Interestingly, CCNC deficiency robustly reduced age-dependent lipid accumulation in differentiated brown adipocytes in all three mouse models. Mechanistically, CCNC in brown adipocytes is required for lipogenic gene expression through the activation of the C/EBPα/GLUT4/ChREBP axis. Consistent with the importance of de novo lipogenesis under carbohydrate-rich diets, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding abolished CCNC deficiency -caused defects of lipid accumulation in BAT. Although insulin sensitivity and response to acute cold exposure were not affected, CCNC deficiency in Ucp1+ cells enhanced the browning of white adipose tissue (beiging) upon prolonged cold exposure. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data indicate an important role of CCNC-Mediator in the regulation of BAT development and lipid accumulation in brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Norman Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Norman Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Youlei Li
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Norman Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gerile Siqin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Norman Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Randy Strich
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, 08055, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Norman Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fajun Yang
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Norman Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Yin X, Chen Y, Ruze R, Xu R, Song J, Wang C, Xu Q. The evolving view of thermogenic fat and its implications in cancer and metabolic diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:324. [PMID: 36114195 PMCID: PMC9481605 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe incidence of metabolism-related diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has reached pandemic levels worldwide and increased gradually. Most of them are listed on the table of high-risk factors for malignancy, and metabolic disorders systematically or locally contribute to cancer progression and poor prognosis of patients. Importantly, adipose tissue is fundamental to the occurrence and development of these metabolic disorders. White adipose tissue stores excessive energy, while thermogenic fat including brown and beige adipose tissue dissipates energy to generate heat. In addition to thermogenesis, beige and brown adipocytes also function as dynamic secretory cells and a metabolic sink of nutrients, like glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids. Accordingly, strategies that activate and expand thermogenic adipose tissue offer therapeutic promise to combat overweight, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders through increasing energy expenditure and enhancing glucose tolerance. With a better understanding of its origins and biological functions and the advances in imaging techniques detecting thermogenesis, the roles of thermogenic adipose tissue in tumors have been revealed gradually. On the one hand, enhanced browning of subcutaneous fatty tissue results in weight loss and cancer-associated cachexia. On the other hand, locally activated thermogenic adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment accelerate cancer progression by offering fuel sources and is likely to develop resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we enumerate current knowledge about the significant advances made in the origin and physiological functions of thermogenic fat. In addition, we discuss the multiple roles of thermogenic adipocytes in different tumors. Ultimately, we summarize imaging technologies for identifying thermogenic adipose tissue and pharmacologic agents via modulating thermogenesis in preclinical experiments and clinical trials.
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Kharwadkar S, Attanayake V, Duncan J, Navaratne N, Benson J. The impact of climate change on the risk factors for tuberculosis: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113436. [PMID: 35550808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a major public health risk in many countries. The current incidence of disease exceeds guidelines proposed by the World Health Organisation and United Nations. Whilst the relationship between climate change and TB has surfaced in recent literature, it remains neglected in global agendas. There is a need to acknowledge TB as a climate-sensitive disease to facilitate its eradication. OBJECTIVE To review epidemiological and prediction model studies that explore how climate change may affect the risk factors for TB, as outlined in the Global Tuberculosis Report 2021: HIV infection, diabetes mellitus, undernutrition, overcrowding, poverty, and indoor air pollution. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases to identify studies examining the association between climate variables and the risk factors for TB. Each study that satisfied the inclusion criteria was assessed for quality and ethics. Studies then underwent vote-counting and were categorised based on whether an association was found. RESULTS 53 studies met inclusion criteria and were included in our review. Vote-counting revealed that two out of two studies found a positive association between the examined climate change proxy and HIV, nine out of twelve studies for diabetes, eight out of seventeen studies for undernutrition, four out of five studies for overcrowding, twelve out of fifteen studies for poverty and one out of three studies for indoor air pollution. DISCUSSION We found evidence supporting a positive association between climate change and each of the discussed risk factors for TB, excluding indoor air pollution. Our findings suggest that climate change is likely to affect the susceptibility of individuals to TB by increasing the prevalence of its underlying risk factors, particularly in developing countries. This is an evolving field of research that requires further attention in the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Kharwadkar
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | - John Duncan
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | - Jill Benson
- Discipline of General Practice, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
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Ku HC, Cheng CF. Role of adipocyte browning in prostate and breast tumor microenvironment. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 34:359-366. [PMID: 36578640 PMCID: PMC9791856 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_62_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) and breast cancer (BC) are the most common cancers in men and women, respectively, in developed countries. The increased incidence of PC and BC largely reflects an increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In pathological conditions involving the development and progression of PC and BC, adipose tissue plays an important role via paracrine and endocrine signaling. The increase in the amount of local adipose tissue, specifically periprostatic adipose tissue, may be a key contributor to the PC pathobiology. Similarly, breast adipose tissue secretion affects various aspects of BC by influencing tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and microenvironment. In this context, the role of white adipose tissue (WAT) has been extensively studied. However, the influence of browning of the WAT on the development and progression of PC and BC is unclear and has received less attention. In this review, we highlight that adipose tissue plays a vital role in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment in PC or BC and highlight the probable underlying mechanisms linking adipose tissue with PC or BC. We further discuss whether the browning of WAT could be a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PC and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ching-Feng Cheng, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 289, Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei, Taiwan. E-mail:
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11
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miR-375 is cold exposure sensitive and drives thermogenesis in visceral adipose tissue derived stem cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9557. [PMID: 35688898 PMCID: PMC9187663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13610-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of brown adipose tissue may increase energy expenditure by non-shivering thermogenesis. Cold exposure is one of the options to activate brown adipocytes. To link changes in energy metabolism with microRNA expression (miRNAs), we analyzed 158 miRNAs in serum of 169 healthy individuals before and after cold exposure. Validating the results of a miRNA array, a significant down-regulation of miR-375 after cold exposure (P < 0.0001) was detected. These changes went along with a significant negative correlation between miR-375 and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass (P < 0.0001), implicating a specific function of miR-375 in this depot. Significantly higher expression levels of miR-375 were found in VAT in comparison to subcutaneous fat (SAT). Using in silico prediction, we identified putative miR-375 target genes involved in the thermogenesis pathway. Cold-stimulation of subcutaneous and visceral pre-adipocytes (PACs) led to significantly higher expression levels of FABP4, FGF21, PPARGC1A and PRDM16 in VC-PACs. Analyzing miR-375 knock down and cold stimulated VC-PACs revealed a significant up-regulation of thermogenesis associated genes PPARGC1A, ELOVL3 and PRDM16. In summary, our findings identified miR-375 as a potential adipogenic and thermogenesis-associated miRNA exclusively acting in visceral adipose tissue.
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12
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Novel brown adipose tissue candidate genes predicted by the human gene connectome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7614. [PMID: 35534514 PMCID: PMC9085833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a promising therapeutic target against obesity. Therefore, research on the genetic architecture of BAT could be key for the development of successful therapies against this complex phenotype. Hypothesis-driven candidate gene association studies are useful for studying genetic determinants of complex traits, but they are dependent upon the previous knowledge to select candidate genes. Here, we predicted 107 novel-BAT candidate genes in silico using the uncoupling protein one (UCP1) as the hallmark of BAT activity. We first identified the top 1% of human genes predicted by the human gene connectome to be biologically closest to the UCP1, estimating 167 additional pathway genes (BAT connectome). We validated this prediction by showing that 60 genes already associated with BAT were included in the connectome and they were biologically closer to each other than expected by chance (p < 2.2 × 10-16). The rest of genes (107) are potential candidates for BAT, being also closer to known BAT genes and more expressed in BAT biopsies than expected by chance (p < 2.2 × 10-16; p = 4.39 × 10-02). The resulting new list of predicted human BAT genes should be useful for the discovery of novel BAT genes and metabolic pathways.
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13
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Song L, Cao X, Ji W, Zhao L, Yang W, Lu M, Yang J. Inhibition of STAT3 enhances UCP1 expression and mitochondrial function in brown adipocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 926:175040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Wang P, Wu T, Fu Q, Liao Q, Li Y, Huang T, Li Y, Zhou L, Song Z. Maternal High-Fructose Intake Activates Myogenic Program in Fetal Brown Fat and Predisposes Offspring to Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunctions in Adulthood. Front Nutr 2022; 9:848983. [PMID: 35479745 PMCID: PMC9036479 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.848983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess dietary fructose intake is a major public health concern due to its deleterious effect to cause various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the effects of high-fructose consumption during pregnancy on offspring metabolic health in adulthood. Here, we show that maternal consumption of 20% (w/v) fructose water during pregnancy does not alter the metabolic balance of offspring with a chow diet, but predisposes them to obesity, fatty liver, and insulin resistance when challenged by a high-fat diet. Mechanistically, diet-induced brown fat reprogramming and global energy expenditure in offspring of fructose-fed dams are impaired. RNA-seq analysis of the fetal brown fat tissue reveals that the myogenic pathway is predominantly upregulated in the fructose-treated group. Meanwhile, circulating fructose level is found to be significantly elevated in both fructose-fed dams and their fetuses. Importantly fructose gavage also acutely activates the myogenic program in mice brown fat. Together, our data suggest that maternal high-fructose intake impairs fetal brown fat development, resultantly attenuates diet-induced thermogenesis and causes metabolic disorders in adult offspring probably through inducing myogenic signature in brown fat at the fetal stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qinghua Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qichao Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Tengda Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ziyi Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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15
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Celik H, Dursun AD, Tatar Y, Omercioglu G, Bastug M. Irisin pathways in hearts of Type 1 diabetic adult male rats following 6 weeks of moderate and high-volume aerobic exercise on a treadmill. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00924-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Torres Irizarry VC, Jiang Y, He Y, Xu P. Hypothalamic Estrogen Signaling and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Energy Homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:898139. [PMID: 35757435 PMCID: PMC9218066 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.898139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global epidemic, and it is a major risk factor for other metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic disease. Accumulating evidence indicates that there is sex-specific metabolic protection and disease susceptibility. For instance, in both clinical and experimental studies, males are more likely to develop obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. In line with this, males tend to have more visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) and less brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity, both leading to an increased incidence of metabolic disorders. This female-specific fat distribution is partially mediated by sex hormone estrogens. Specifically, hypothalamic estrogen signaling plays a vital role in regulating WAT distribution, WAT beiging, and BAT thermogenesis. These regulatory effects on adipose tissue metabolism are primarily mediated by the activation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in neurons, which interacts with hormones and adipokines such as leptin, ghrelin, and insulin. This review discusses the contribution of adipose tissue dysfunction to obesity and the role of hypothalamic estrogen signaling in preventing metabolic diseases with a particular focus on the VMH, the central regulator of energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria C. Torres Irizarry
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuwei Jiang, ; Yanlin He, ; Pingwen Xu,
| | - Yanlin He
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuwei Jiang, ; Yanlin He, ; Pingwen Xu,
| | - Pingwen Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Yuwei Jiang, ; Yanlin He, ; Pingwen Xu,
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17
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Pinckard KM, Stanford KI. The Heartwarming Effect of Brown Adipose Tissue. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 102:460-471. [PMID: 34933905 PMCID: PMC9341250 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a metabolically active tissue that improves glucose metabolism and protects against the development of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, the role of BAT to improve cardiovascular health has only recently been investigated. In this review, we discuss multiple mechanisms through which both the thermogenic and endocrine functions of BAT mediate cardiac health. β-adrenergic stimulation activates the thermogenic function of BAT, resulting in reduced circulating lipids and glucose, and enhanced clearance of hepatic cholesterol-enriched remnants leading to reduced atherosclerotic region size. Additionally, the thermogenic role of BAT has been implicated in activation of the protein kinase B-extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway after myocardial infarction (MI), contributing to reduced injury size. The endocrine function of BAT has also been implicated to improve both systemic metabolic health and cardiac health. Specifically, the batokines fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and 12,13-diHOME improve cardiovascular health via reduced hypertension, hypertrophy and MI injury size (FGF21) or by directly improving cardiac function via calcium cycling (12,13-diHOME). Finally, we discuss relevant pharmacological treatment methods currently aiming to activate BAT, typically through sympathetic activation.
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18
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Shamsi F, Wang CH, Tseng YH. The evolving view of thermogenic adipocytes - ontogeny, niche and function. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:726-744. [PMID: 34625737 PMCID: PMC8814904 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide incidence of obesity and its sequelae, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, have reached pandemic levels. Central to the development of these metabolic disorders is adipose tissue. White adipose tissue stores excess energy, whereas brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige (also known as brite) adipose tissue dissipate energy to generate heat in a process known as thermogenesis. Strategies that activate and expand BAT and beige adipose tissue increase energy expenditure in animal models and offer therapeutic promise to treat obesity. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of BAT and beige adipose tissue and the activation of thermogenic function is the key to creating practical therapeutic interventions for obesity and metabolic disorders. In this Review, we discuss the regulation of the tissue microenvironment (the adipose niche) and inter-organ communication between BAT and other tissues. We also cover the activation of BAT and beige adipose tissue in response to physiological cues (such as cold exposure, exercise and diet). We highlight advances in harnessing the therapeutic potential of BAT and beige adipose tissue by genetic, pharmacological and cell-based approaches in obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Shamsi
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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19
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Yang J, Zhang H, Parhat K, Xu H, Li M, Wang X, Ran C. Molecular Imaging of Brown Adipose Tissue Mass. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179436. [PMID: 34502347 PMCID: PMC8431742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a uniquely thermogenic tissue that plays an important role in metabolism and energy expenditure, has recently become a revived target in the fight against metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Different from white adipose tissue (WAT), the brown adipocytes have distinctive features including multilocular lipid droplets, a large number of mitochondria, and a high expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), as well as abundant capillarity. These histologic characteristics provide an opportunity to differentiate BAT from WAT using imaging modalities, such as PET/CT, SPECT/CT, MRI, NIRF and Ultrasound. However, most of the reported imaging methods were BAT activation dependent, and the imaging signals could be affected by many factors, including environmental temperatures and the states of the sympathetic nervous system. Accurate BAT mass detection methods that are independent of temperature and hormone levels have the capacity to track the development and changes of BAT throughout the lifetime of mammals, and such methods could be very useful for the investigation of potential BAT-related therapies. In this review, we focus on molecular imaging modalities that can detect and quantify BAT mass. In addition, their detection mechanism and limitations will be discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (H.Z.); (K.P.); (H.X.); (M.L.); (X.W.)
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Room 2301, Building 149, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (C.R.)
| | - Haili Zhang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (H.Z.); (K.P.); (H.X.); (M.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Kadirya Parhat
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (H.Z.); (K.P.); (H.X.); (M.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (H.Z.); (K.P.); (H.X.); (M.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Mingshuang Li
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (H.Z.); (K.P.); (H.X.); (M.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (H.Z.); (K.P.); (H.X.); (M.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Room 2301, Building 149, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (C.R.)
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20
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Gallardo-Montejano VI, Yang C, Hahner L, McAfee JL, Johnson JA, Holland WL, Fernandez-Valdivia R, Bickel PE. Perilipin 5 links mitochondrial uncoupled respiration in brown fat to healthy white fat remodeling and systemic glucose tolerance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3320. [PMID: 34083525 PMCID: PMC8175597 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23601-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of mice or humans to cold promotes significant changes in brown adipose tissue (BAT) with respect to histology, lipid content, gene expression, and mitochondrial mass and function. Herein we report that the lipid droplet coat protein Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) increases markedly in BAT during exposure of mice to cold. To understand the functional significance of cold-induced PLIN5, we created and characterized gain- and loss-of-function mouse models. Enforcing PLIN5 expression in mouse BAT mimics the effects of cold with respect to mitochondrial cristae packing and uncoupled substrate-driven respiration. PLIN5 is necessary for the maintenance of mitochondrial cristae structure and respiratory function during cold stress. We further show that promoting PLIN5 function in BAT is associated with healthy remodeling of subcutaneous white adipose tissue and improvements in systemic glucose tolerance and diet-induced hepatic steatosis. These observations will inform future strategies that seek to exploit thermogenic adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Perilipin 5 is a lipid droplet protein that interacts with PGC1α in the nucleus to regulate mitochondrial metabolism. Here the authors use genetically engineered mouse models to determine the physiologic role of Perilipin 5, and show that it regulates mitochondrial adaptations to cold, as well as systemic energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta I Gallardo-Montejano
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chaofeng Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lisa Hahner
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John L McAfee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Joshua A Johnson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - William L Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Perry E Bickel
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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21
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Piquer-Garcia I, Cereijo R, Corral-Pérez J, Pellitero S, Martínez E, Taxerås SD, Tarascó J, Moreno P, Balibrea J, Puig-Domingo M, Serra D, Herrero L, Jiménez-Pavón D, Lerin C, Villarroya F, Sánchez-Infantes D. Use of Infrared Thermography to Estimate Brown Fat Activation After a Cooling Protocol in Patients with Severe Obesity That Underwent Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2021; 30:2375-2381. [PMID: 32133589 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast to the energy-storing role of white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT) acts as the main site of non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals and has been reported to play a role in protection against obesity and associated metabolic alterations in rodents. Infrared thermography (IRT) has been proposed as a novel non-invasive, safe, and quick method to estimate BAT thermogenic activation in humans. The aim of this study is to determine whether the IRT could be a potential new tool to estimate BAT thermogenic activation in patients with severe obesity in response to bariatric surgery. METHODS Supraclavicular BAT thermogenic activation was evaluated using IRT in a cohort of 31 patients (50 ± 10 years old, BMI = 44.5 ± 7.8; 15 undergoing laparoscopy sleeve gastrectomy and 16 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) at baseline and 6 months after a bariatric surgery. Clinical parameters were determined at these same time points. RESULTS Supraclavicular BAT-related activity was detected in our patients by IRT after a cooling stimulus. The BAT thermogenic activation was higher at 6 months after laparoscopy sleeve gastrectomy (0.06 ± 0.1 vs 0.32 ± 0.1), while patients undergoing to a roux-en-Y gastric bypass did not change their thermogenic response using the same cooling stimulus (0.09 ± 0.1 vs 0.08 ± 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Our study postulates the IRT as a potential tool to evaluate BAT thermogenic activation in patients with obesity before and after a bariatric surgery. Further studies are needed to evaluate differences between LSG technique and RYGB on BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rubén Cereijo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Corral-Pérez
- MOVE-IT Research Group and Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Silvia Pellitero
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Siri D Taxerås
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Tarascó
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Moreno
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Balibrea
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Unit, EAC-BS Center of Excellence, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Puig-Domingo
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB),, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB),, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research Group and Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Carles Lerin
- Endocrinology department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Infantes
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.
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22
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Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Martinez-Tellez B, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Merchan-Ramirez E, Löf M, Labayen I, Ravussin E, Ruiz JR. Energy Expenditure and Macronutrient Oxidation in Response to an Individualized Nonshivering Cooling Protocol. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:2175-2183. [PMID: 32985119 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the energy expenditure (EE) and macronutrient oxidation response to an individualized nonshivering cold exposure in young healthy adults. METHODS Two different groups of 44 (study 1: 22.1 [SD 2.1] years old, 25.6 [SD 5.2] kg/m2 , 34% men) and 13 young healthy adults (study 2: 25.6 [SD 3.0] years old, 23.6 [SD 2.4] kg/m2 , 54% men) participated in this study. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and macronutrient oxidation rates were measured by indirect calorimetry under fasting conditions in a warm environment (for 30 minutes) and in mild cold conditions (for 65 minutes, with the individual wearing a water-perfused cooling vest set at an individualized temperature adjusted to the individual's shivering threshold). RESULTS In study 1, EE increased in the initial stage of cold exposure and remained stable for the whole cold exposure (P < 0.001). Mean cold-induced thermogenesis (9.56 ± 7.9 kcal/h) was 13.9% ± 11.6% of the RMR (range: -14.8% to 39.9% of the RMR). Carbohydrate oxidation decreased during the first 30 minutes of the cold exposure and later recovered up to the baseline values (P < 0.01) in parallel to opposite changes in fat oxidation (P < 0.01). Results were replicated in study 2. CONCLUSIONS A 1-hour mild cold exposure individually adjusted to elicit maximum nonshivering thermogenesis induces a very modest increase in EE and a shift of macronutrient oxidation that may underlie a shift in thermogenic tissue activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elisa Merchan-Ramirez
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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23
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Zhou Z, Moore TM, Drew BG, Ribas V, Wanagat J, Civelek M, Segawa M, Wolf DM, Norheim F, Seldin MM, Strumwasser AR, Whitney KA, Lester E, Reddish BR, Vergnes L, Reue K, Rajbhandari P, Tontonoz P, Lee J, Mahata SK, Hewitt SC, Shirihai O, Gastonbury C, Small KS, Laakso M, Jensen J, Lee S, Drevon CA, Korach KS, Lusis AJ, Hevener AL. Estrogen receptor α controls metabolism in white and brown adipocytes by regulating Polg1 and mitochondrial remodeling. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaax8096. [PMID: 32759275 PMCID: PMC8212422 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is heightened during aging, and although the estrogen receptor α (ERα) has been implicated in the prevention of obesity, its molecular actions in adipocytes remain inadequately understood. Here, we show that adipose tissue ESR1/Esr1 expression inversely associated with adiposity and positively associated with genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism and markers of metabolic health in 700 Finnish men and 100 strains of inbred mice from the UCLA Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel. To determine the anti-obesity actions of ERα in fat, we selectively deleted Esr1 from white and brown adipocytes in mice. In white adipose tissue, Esr1 controlled oxidative metabolism by restraining the targeted elimination of mitochondria via the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin. mtDNA content was elevated, and adipose tissue mass was reduced in adipose-selective parkin knockout mice. In brown fat centrally involved in body temperature maintenance, Esr1 was requisite for both mitochondrial remodeling by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and uncoupled respiration thermogenesis by uncoupled protein 1 (Ucp1). In both white and brown fat of female mice and adipocytes in culture, mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of Esr1 deletion was paralleled by a reduction in the expression of the mtDNA polymerase γ subunit Polg1 We identified Polg1 as an ERα target gene by showing that ERα binds the Polg1 promoter to control its expression in 3T3L1 adipocytes. These findings support strategies leveraging ERα action on mitochondrial function in adipocytes to combat obesity and metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Timothy M Moore
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian G Drew
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Vicent Ribas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Wanagat
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mayuko Segawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dane M Wolf
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Frode Norheim
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander R Strumwasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kate A Whitney
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ellen Lester
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Britany R Reddish
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Howard Hughes Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Howard Hughes Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jason Lee
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sylvia C Hewitt
- Receptor Biology Section, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Orian Shirihai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Craig Gastonbury
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE17EH, UK
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE17EH, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Jorgen Jensen
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Oslo 0806, Norway
| | - Sindre Lee
- University Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Christian A Drevon
- University Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Receptor Biology Section, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrea L Hevener
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Iris Cantor-UCLA Women's Health Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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24
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Cereijo R, Taxerås SD, Piquer-Garcia I, Pellitero S, Martínez E, Tarascó J, Moreno P, Balibrea J, Puig-Domingo M, Jiménez-Pavón D, Lerin C, Villarroya F, Sánchez-Infantes D. Elevated Levels of Circulating miR-92a Are Associated with Impaired Glucose Homeostasis in Patients with Obesity and Correlate with Metabolic Status After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2020; 30:174-179. [PMID: 31346930 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, some of which are expressed in adipose tissues, are present in the circulation, and are regulated in obesity. Bariatric surgery (BS) has been proposed to lead to activation of brown adipose tissue, an effect that may be related to beneficial effects of BS on systemic metabolism. Here, we evaluated circulating levels of miR-92a and miR-99b, two miRNAs proposed as biomarkers of brown fat activity, in a cohort of patients with severe obesity before and after BS, and studied their potential relationship with BS-associated improvements in metabolic parameters. METHODS Circulating levels of miR-92a and miR-99b were quantified in a cohort of 26 patients (age, 48 ± 10 years; BMI, 45 ± 7 kg/m2) before and 6 months after BS. Clinical parameters were determined at different time points and correlations among them were studied. RESULTS Basal levels of miR-92a were significantly increased in patients with obesity relative to lean controls. Serum miR-92a levels were strongly reduced at 6 months after BS, reaching levels similar to those in controls. Serum miR-99b levels were unchanged in relation to both the obese condition and BS. Elevated levels of miR-92a were directly correlated with worsened glucose homeostasis parameters and poor BS outcome. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that miR-92a is elevated in conditions of obesity, and its reduction after BS correlates with metabolic improvement. Further studies would be necessary to establish miR-92a as serum biomarker and potential predictor of the BS success in improving the metabolic status of patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Cereijo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Siri D Taxerås
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Piquer-Garcia
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Pellitero
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas) (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Tarascó
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Moreno
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Balibrea
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Unit, EAC-BS Center of Excellence, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Puig-Domingo
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas) (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research group and Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carles Lerin
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - David Sánchez-Infantes
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.
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25
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Huska B, Niccoli S, Phenix CP, Lees SJ. Leucine Potentiates Glucose-mediated 18F-FDG Uptake in Brown Adipose Tissue via β-Adrenergic Activation. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8060159. [PMID: 32545834 PMCID: PMC7345234 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8060159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant depots of brown adipose tissue (BAT) have been identified in many adult humans through positron emission tomography (PET), with the amount of BAT being inversely correlated with obesity. As dietary activation of BAT has implications for whole body glucose metabolism, leucine was used in the present study to determine its ability to promote BAT activation resulting in increased glucose uptake. In order to assess this, 2-deoxy-2-(fluorine-18)fluoro-d-glucose (18F-FDG) uptake was measured in C57BL/6 mice using microPET after treatment with leucine, glucose, or both in interscapular BAT (IBAT). Pretreatment with propranolol (PRP) was used to determine the role of β-adrenergic activation in glucose and leucine-mediated 18F-FDG uptake. Analysis of maximum standardized uptake values (SUVMAX) determined that glucose administration increased 18F-FDG uptake in IBAT by 25.3%. While leucine did not promote 18F-FDG uptake alone, it did potentiate glucose-mediated 18F-FDG uptake, increasing 18F-FDG uptake in IBAT by 22.5%, compared to glucose alone. Pretreatment with PRP prevented the increase in IBAT 18F-FDG uptake following the combination of glucose and leucine administration. These data suggest that leucine is effective in promoting BAT 18F-FDG uptake through β-adrenergic activation in combination with glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Huska
- Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
| | - Sarah Niccoli
- Medical Sciences, Lakehead University Faculty of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Christopher P. Phenix
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7A 7T1, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.P.P.); (S.J.L.); Tel.: +1-(306)-966-4193 (C.P.P.); +1-(807)-766-7435 (S.J.L.); Fax: +1-(306)-966-4730 (C.P.P.); +1-(807)-766-7362 (S.J.L.)
| | - Simon J. Lees
- Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
- Medical Sciences, Lakehead University Faculty of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.P.P.); (S.J.L.); Tel.: +1-(306)-966-4193 (C.P.P.); +1-(807)-766-7435 (S.J.L.); Fax: +1-(306)-966-4730 (C.P.P.); +1-(807)-766-7362 (S.J.L.)
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26
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Hui S, Liu Y, Huang L, Zheng L, Zhou M, Lang H, Wang X, Yi L, Mi M. Resveratrol enhances brown adipose tissue activity and white adipose tissue browning in part by regulating bile acid metabolism via gut microbiota remodeling. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:1678-1690. [PMID: 32203111 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current evidence has linked dietary resveratrol (RSV) intake to the activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and induction of white adipose tissue (WAT) browning, which may be a potential means of improving glucose homeostasis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS A diet containing RSV was fed to db/db mice for 10 weeks, following which the body weight, adipose tissue accumulation, bile acid (BA) profiles, and markers of BA metabolism were analyzed. Oral glucose tolerance testing, immunohistochemistry, and gut microbiota sequencing were also performed. RESULTS RSV intervention improved glucose homeostasis in db/db mice, which was linked to the enhanced BAT activity and WAT browning. Moreover, RSV-treated mice exhibited altered plasma and fecal BA compositions and significant remodeling of the gut microbiota, the latter confirmed by a higher level of lithocholic acid (LCA) in the plasma and feces. LCA was identified to be the agonist of Takeda G-protein coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), which mediated the BAT activation and WAT browning by upregulating uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. Furthermore, depletion of the gut microbiota using antibiotics partially abolished the beneficial effects of RSV against glucose intolerance. Finally, microbiota transplantation experiments demonstrated that the RSV-induced beneficial effects were transferable, indicating that these effects were largely dependent on the gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that RSV administration improves glucose homeostasis by enhancing BAT activation and WAT browning, a mechanism that might partially be mediated by the gut microbiota-BA-TGR5/UCP1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suocheng Hui
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hedong Lang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, 400038, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Chait A, den Hartigh LJ. Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:22. [PMID: 32158768 PMCID: PMC7052117 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 582] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue plays essential roles in maintaining lipid and glucose homeostasis. To date several types of adipose tissue have been identified, namely white, brown, and beige, that reside in various specific anatomical locations throughout the body. The cellular composition, secretome, and location of these adipose depots define their function in health and metabolic disease. In obesity, adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional, promoting a pro-inflammatory, hyperlipidemic and insulin resistant environment that contributes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concurrently, similar features that result from adipose tissue dysfunction also promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) by mechanisms that can be augmented by T2DM. The mechanisms by which dysfunctional adipose tissue simultaneously promote T2DM and CVD, focusing on adipose tissue depot-specific adipokines, inflammatory profiles, and metabolism, will be the focus of this review. The impact that various T2DM and CVD treatment strategies have on adipose tissue function and body weight also will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Chait
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Laura J den Hartigh
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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28
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Lyons C, Razzoli M, Larson E, Svedberg D, Frontini A, Cinti S, Vulchanova L, Sanders M, Thomas M, Bartolomucci A. Optogenetic-induced sympathetic neuromodulation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. FASEB J 2020; 34:2765-2773. [PMID: 31908033 PMCID: PMC7306786 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901361rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic organ that plays a major role in energy balance, obesity, and diabetes due to the potent glucose and lipid clearance that fuels its thermogenesis, which is largely mediated via sympathetic nervous system activation. However, thus far there has been little experimental validation of the hypothesis that selective neuromodulation of the sympathetic nerves innervating the BAT is sufficient to elicit thermogenesis in mice. We generated mice expressing blue light-activated channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in the sympathetic nerves innervating the BAT using two different strategies: injecting the BAT of C57Bl/6J mice with AAV6-hSyn-ChR2 (H134R)-EYFP; crossbreeding tyrosine hydroxylase-Cre mice with floxed-stop ChR2-EYFP mice. The nerves in the BAT expressing ChR2 were selectively stimulated with a blue LED light positioned underneath the fat pad of anesthetized mice, while the BAT and core temperatures were simultaneously recorded. Using immunohistochemistry we confirmed the selective expression of EYFP in TH positive nerves fibers. In addition, local optogenetic stimulation of the sympathetic nerves induced significant increase in the BAT temperature followed by an increase in core temperature in mice expressing ChR2, but not in the respective controls. The BAT activation was also paralleled by increased levels of pre-UCP1 transcript. Our results demonstrate that local optogenetic stimulation of the sympathetic nerves is sufficient to elicit BAT and core thermogenesis, thus suggesting that peripheral neuromodulation has the potential to be exploited as an alternative to pharmacotherapies to elicit organ activation and thus ameliorate type 2 diabetes and/or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carey Lyons
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Maria Razzoli
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Erin Larson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Daniel Svedberg
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Andrea Frontini
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucy Vulchanova
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Mark Sanders
- University Imaging Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Mark Thomas
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | - Alessandro Bartolomucci
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
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29
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Riis-Vestergaard MJ, Laustsen C, Mariager CØ, Schulte RF, Pedersen SB, Richelsen B. Glucose metabolism in brown adipose tissue determined by deuterium metabolic imaging in rats. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:1417-1427. [PMID: 31965069 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has gained growing interest as a potential target for treatment of obesity. Currently, the most widely used technique/method for in vivo measurements of BAT activity in humans is 18FDG PET/CT. To supplement these investigations novel radiation-free methods are warranted. Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is a novel modality that combines magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) imaging with deuterium-labelled glucose (2H-glucose). This allows for spatio-temporal and metabolic imaging beyond glucose uptake. We aimed to evaluate if DMI could discriminate glucose metabolism in BAT of cold-acclimatised and thermoneutral rats. SUBJECTS/METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were housed in a cold environment (9 °C, n = 10) or at thermoneutrality (30 °C, n = 11) for 1 week. For imaging rats were anaesthetized, received a 2H-glucose (1 M, 1.95 g/kg) bolus and DMI was acquired at baseline followed by 20 min time intervals up to 2 h. Furthermore, Dixon MRI was performed for anatomical determination of the interscapular BAT (iBAT) depot along with dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI to evaluate perfusion. RESULTS 2H-glucose signal was higher in cold-acclimatised rats compared with thermoneutral rats (p ≤ 0.001) indicating an overall increase in glucose uptake and metabolism. This was in line with a lower fat/water threshold, higher perfusion and increased UCP1 mRNA expression in iBAT (ninefold increment) of cold-acclimatised rats compared with thermoneutral rats. CONCLUSIONS We find that DMI can discriminate cold-acclimatised and thermoneutral BAT in rats. This is the first study to evaluate BAT activity by DMI, which may open up for the use of the non-radioactive DMI method for BAT measurements in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Ji Riis-Vestergaard
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- MR Research Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Steen Bønløkke Pedersen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Richelsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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30
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Acosta FM, Martinez-Tellez B, Blondin DP, Haman F, Rensen PCN, Llamas-Elvira JM, Martinez-Nicolas A, Ruiz JR. Relationship between the Daily Rhythm of Distal Skin Temperature and Brown Adipose Tissue 18F-FDG Uptake in Young Sedentary Adults. J Biol Rhythms 2019; 34:533-550. [PMID: 31389278 PMCID: PMC6732824 DOI: 10.1177/0748730419865400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines whether the daily rhythm of distal skin temperature (DST) is associated with brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism as determined by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake in young adults. Using a wireless thermometer (iButton) worn on the nondominant wrist, DST was measured in 77 subjects (26% male; age 22 ± 2 years; body mass index 25.2 ± 4.8 kg/m2) for 7 consecutive days. The temperatures to which they were habitually exposed over the day were also recorded. The interday stability of DST was calculated from the collected data, along with the intraday variability and relative amplitude; the mean temperature of the 5 and 10 consecutive hours with the maximum and minimum DST values, respectively; and when these hours occurred. Following exposure to cold, BAT volume and mean and peak standardized 18F-FDG uptake (SUVmean and SUVpeak) were determined for each subject via static 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography scanning. Relative amplitude and the time at which the 10 consecutive hours of minimum DST values occurred were positively associated with BAT volume, SUVmean, and SUVpeak (p ≤ 0.02), whereas the mean DST of that period was inversely associated with the latter BAT variables (p ≤ 0.01). The interday stability and intraday variability of the DST were also associated (directly and inversely, respectively) with BAT SUVpeak (p ≤ 0.02 for both). All of these associations disappeared, however, when the analyses were adjusted for the ambient temperature to which the subjects were habitually exposed. Thus, the relationship between the daily rhythm of DST and BAT activity estimated by 18F-FDG uptake is masked by environmental and likely behavioral factors. Of note is that those participants exposed to the lowest ambient temperature showed 3 to 5 times more BAT volume and activity compared with subjects who were exposed to a warmer ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Denis P Blondin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - François Haman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Martinez-Nicolas
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Li J, An R, Lai S, Li L, Liu S, Xu H. Dysregulation of PP2A-Akt interaction contributes to Sucrose non-fermenting related kinase (SNRK) deficiency induced insulin resistance in adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2019; 28:26-35. [PMID: 31420304 PMCID: PMC6822176 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We previously identified Sucrose non-fermenting related kinase (SNRK) as a regulator of adipose inflammation and energy homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of SNRK in insulin signaling in white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Methods Adipose tissue specific (SNRK deficiency in both WAT and BAT) and BAT specific knockout mouse models were employed. Phosphoproteomic studies were conducted to identify the novel SNRK pathway regulating insulin signaling in adipose tissue. Results SNRK ablation is sufficient to inhibit insulin-stimulated AKT phosphorylation and glucose uptake in both WAT and BAT. Phosphoproteomic study using SNRK deficient versus wild type BAT samples revealed 99% reduction of phosphorylation on Serine 80 of PPP2R5D, the regulatory subunit of Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Drastic (142.5-fold) induction of phosphorylation on Serine 80 of PPP2R5D was observed in SNRK-deficient primary brown adipocytes overexpressing SNRK compared to control protein. In vitro phosphorylation reaction followed by targeted phosphoproteomic detection further confirms that human recombinant SNRK is able to phosphorylate human recombinant PPP2R5D. Dephosphorylated PPP2R5D promotes constitutive assembly of PP2A-AKT complex, therefore inhibits insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation and subsequent glucose uptake in both BAT and WAT. Knockdown of PPP2R5D in adipocytes can improve insulin sensitivity in adipocytes without SNRK expression. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that SNRK regulates insulin signaling through controlling PPP2R5D phosphorylation, which subsequently impacts PP2A activity and then AKT phosphorylation in both WAT and BAT. SNRK may represent a promising potential target for treating insulin resistance-related metabolic disorders. SNRK is essential for insulin-stimulated AKT phosphorylation in adipose tissue. SNRK ablation causes insulin resistance in both white and brown adipose tissue. Phosphoproteomic studies identify PPP2R5D as a novel substrate of SNRK. SNRK regulates PP2A-AKT interaction through PPP2R5D phosphorylation. Enhanced PP2A activity by SNRK ablation inhibits AKT phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ran An
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuiqing Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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32
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Evans BA, Merlin J, Bengtsson T, Hutchinson DS. Adrenoceptors in white, brown, and brite adipocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2416-2432. [PMID: 30801689 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenoceptors play an important role in adipose tissue biology and physiology that includes regulating the synthesis and storage of triglycerides (lipogenesis), the breakdown of stored triglycerides (lipolysis), thermogenesis (heat production), glucose metabolism, and the secretion of adipocyte-derived hormones that can control whole-body energy homeostasis. These processes are regulated by the sympathetic nervous system through actions at different adrenoceptor subtypes expressed in adipose tissue depots. In this review, we have highlighted the role of adrenoceptor subtypes in white, brown, and brite adipocytes in both rodents and humans and have included detailed analysis of adrenoceptor expression in human adipose tissue and clonally derived adipocytes. We discuss important considerations when investigating adrenoceptor function in adipose tissue or adipocytes. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn A Evans
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jon Merlin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dana S Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Perez-Bey A, Jimenez-Pavon D, Llamas-Elvira JM, Gil A, Aguilera CM, Rensen PCN, Ruiz JR. Evidence of high 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the dorsocervical area in young adults. Exp Physiol 2018; 104:168-173. [PMID: 30468689 DOI: 10.1113/ep087428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? In some studies, biopsies have been performed of the subcutaneous adipose tissue in the abdomen, and they failed to find browning markers. Is the abdomen the right place to take biopsies? What is the main finding and its importance? For first time, we observed that the glucose uptake in the dorsocervical subcutaneous adipose tissue is higher in comparison to other areas of subcutaneous adipose tissue. ABSTRACT Neonates have subcutaneous brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the dorsocervical area, and it is thought that these depots gradually disappear with age. Here, we determined that young adults have high 18 F-flurodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) uptake in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of the dorsocervical area. A total of 133 young adults (age 22 ± 2 years; body mass index 25 ± 5 kg m2 ) were included in the study. We performed a shivering threshold test for every participant. Later, we performed 2 h of personalized cold exposure, immediately before a positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan. We showed that 23 of 133 participants had 18 F-FDG uptake in the dorsocervical area that achieved the criteria to be considered BAT, mainly in women (96%, n = 22 of 23). In the whole sample, the glucose uptake in the SAT of the dorsocervical area was positively correlated with BAT volume and activity located in the supraclavicular area. We showed that the 18 F-FDG uptake of the SAT of the dorsocervical area in humans is different from that of other SAT areas. Future studies are warranted to confirm the brown signature of this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Granada, Spain
| | - Alejandro Perez-Bey
- Galeno research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - David Jimenez-Pavon
- MOVE-IT research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepcion M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Association between brown adipose tissue and bone mineral density in humans. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:1516-1525. [PMID: 30518823 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown adipose tissue (BAT) seems to play a role in bone morphogenesis. A negative association has been reported between BAT and bone mineral density (BMD) in women, but not in men. A panel of experts has recently published a set of recommendations for BAT assessment, and thus, to re-address previously reported associations is needed. This study aimed to investigate the association between cold-induced BAT 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake and BMD in young healthy adults. METHODS Ninety-eight healthy adults (68 women; 22 ± 2.2 years old; 24.3 ± 4.5 kg/m2) cold-induced BAT was assessed by means of an 18F-FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan preceded by a personalized cold stimulation. The cold exposure consisted in 2 h in a mild cold room at 19.5-20 °C wearing a water perfused cooling vest set 4 °C above the individual shivering threshold. Total body and lumbar spine BMD were assessed by a whole-body DXA scan. RESULTS We found no association between BMD and cold-induced BAT volume, mean, and maximal activity (all P > 0.1) in neither young and healthy men nor women. These results remained unchanged when adjusting by height, by body composition, and by objectively assessed physical activity. Sensitivity analyses using the criteria to quantify cold-induced BAT-related parameters applied in previous studies did not change the results. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study shows that there is no association between cold-induced BAT and BMD in young healthy adults. Moreover, our data support the notion that previously shown associations between BAT and BMD in healthy non-calorically restricted individuals, could be driven by methodological issues related to BAT assessment and/or sample size limitations.
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Kaisanlahti A, Glumoff T. Browning of white fat: agents and implications for beige adipose tissue to type 2 diabetes. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 75:1-10. [PMID: 30506389 PMCID: PMC6513802 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian adipose tissue is traditionally categorized into white and brown relating to their function and morphology: while white serves as an energy storage, brown adipose tissue acts as the heat generator maintaining the core body temperature. The most recently identified type of fat, beige adipocyte tissue, resembles brown fat by morphology and function but is developmentally more related to white. The synthesis of beige fat, so-called browning of white fat, has developed into a topical issue in diabetes and metabolism research. This is due to its favorable effect on whole-body energy metabolism and the fact that it can be recruited during adult life. Indeed, brown and beige adipose tissues have been demonstrated to play a role in glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism—all factors related to pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Many agents capable of initiating browning have been identified so far and tested widely in humans and animal models including in vitro and in vivo experiments. Interestingly, several agents demonstrated to have browning activity are in fact secreted as adipokines from brown and beige fat tissue, suggesting a physiological relevance both in beige adipocyte recruitment processes and in maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. The newest findings on agents driving beige fat recruitment, their mechanisms, and implications on type 2 diabetes are discussed in this review.
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Beige/pathology
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/pathology
- Adipose Tissue, White/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/pathology
- Animals
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Energy Metabolism/genetics
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/pharmacology
- Glucose/metabolism
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Leptin/pharmacology
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Lipid Metabolism/genetics
- Lipotropic Agents/pharmacology
- Melatonin/pharmacology
- Natriuretic Peptides/pharmacology
- Thermogenesis/drug effects
- Thermogenesis/genetics
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kaisanlahti
- Biocenter Oulu/Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5, P.O. Box 5281, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - T Glumoff
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7A, P.O Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
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36
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Bódis K, Roden M. Energy metabolism of white adipose tissue and insulin resistance in humans. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e13017. [PMID: 30107041 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance not only occurs in obesity, but also in lipodystrophy. Although adipose tissue mass affects metabolic fluxes and participates in interorgan crosstalk, the role of energy metabolism within white adipose tissue for insulin resistance is less clear. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Medline search identified in vivo studies in humans on energy and lipid metabolism in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Studies in adipocyte cultures and transgenic animal models were included for the better understanding of the link between abnormal energy metabolism in adipose tissue and insulin resistance. RESULTS The current literature indicates that higher lipolysis and lower lipogenesis in VAT compared to SAT enhance portal delivery of lipid metabolites (glycerol and fatty acids) to the liver. Thus, the lower lipolysis and higher lipogenesis in SAT favour storage of excess lipids and allow for protection of insulin-sensitive tissues from lipotoxic effects. In insulin-resistant humans, enhanced lipolysis and impaired lipogenesis in adipose tissue lead to release of cytokines and lipid metabolites, ultimately promoting insulin resistance. Adipose tissue of insulin-resistant humans also displays lower expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial function. In turn, this leads to lower availability of mitochondria-derived energy sources for lipogenesis in adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal mitochondrial function in human white adipose tissue likely contributes to the secretion of lipid metabolites and lactate, which are linked to insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. However, the relevance of adipose tissue energy metabolism for the regulation of human insulin sensitivity remains to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kálmán Bódis
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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Song Z, Xiaoli AM, Yang F. Regulation and Metabolic Significance of De Novo Lipogenesis in Adipose Tissues. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101383. [PMID: 30274245 PMCID: PMC6213738 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo lipogenesis (DNL) is a complex and highly regulated process in which carbohydrates from circulation are converted into fatty acids that are then used for synthesizing either triglycerides or other lipid molecules. Dysregulation of DNL contributes to human diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the lipogenic pathway may provide a new therapeutic opportunity for combating various pathological conditions that are associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism. Hepatic DNL has been well documented, but lipogenesis in adipocytes and its contribution to energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity are less studied. Recent reports have gained significant insights into the signaling pathways that regulate lipogenic transcription factors and the role of DNL in adipose tissues. In this review, we will update the current knowledge of DNL in white and brown adipose tissues with the focus on transcriptional, post-translational, and central regulation of DNL. We will also summarize the recent findings of adipocyte DNL as a source of some signaling molecules that critically regulate energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Song
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Fajun Yang
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Abdel-Sattar E, Mehanna ET, El-Ghaiesh SH, Mohammad HMF, Elgendy HA, Zaitone SA. Pharmacological Action of a Pregnane Glycoside, Russelioside B, in Dietary Obese Rats: Impact on Weight Gain and Energy Expenditure. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:990. [PMID: 30214412 PMCID: PMC6125411 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Russelioside B (RB) is a pregnane glycoside obtained from Caralluma quadrangula; a herb with antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic activities. The present experiment tested the possible role of RB in controlling weight gain in rats fed on high fat (HF) diet. Methods: RB was separated from the n-butanol fraction of the crude methanolic extract by chromatographic separation on a Si gel column according to the procedures described previously. The experiment of the biological assessment of RB used 32 male Wistar rats (4 groups, n = 8). Group 1 rats were fed with a palatable normal diet. Group 2, 3, and 4 were fed on HF diet for 16 weeks. Group 2 served as the HF diet control group while Group 3 and 4 received daily oral doses of RB (25 and 50 mg/kg) during the last four weeks. Animals' parameters like weight gain, fasting level of blood sugar, serum lipids, and serum liver enzyme activities were measured. Liver or adipose tissue weight was divided by the rat's body weight and multiplied by 100 to obtain the liver or adipose tissue index, respectively. Adipose tissues were processed for histopathological examination, measurement of mRNA expression of visfatin, leptin, adiponectin, uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1). Furthermore, serum levels of insulin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were assessed using ELISA kits. Results: Rats fed with the HF diet exhibited significant body weight gain, abnormal liver function, disturbed lipid profile, and greater serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in addition to greater insulin resistance, adipose tissue and liver indices. Further, rats fed with the HF diet displayed upregulations in the expression of visfatin and leptin with downregulations in the expression of adiponectin, UCP-1, and CPT-1 compared to normal rats. Interestingly, RB (25 or 50 mg/kg) favorably modulated the measured parameters. Conclusion: Data from this study documented the beneficial role of RB in diminishing weight gain, improving the inflammatory perturbations and energy expenditure in HF diet fed rats. Therefore, RB might be a promising candidate for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman T Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sabah H El-Ghaiesh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hala M F Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Elgendy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sawsan A Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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Ruiz JR, Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Rensen PCN, Boon MR. Role of Human Brown Fat in Obesity, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease: Strategies to Turn Up the Heat. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 61:232-245. [PMID: 29981351 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) was re-discovered in 2009 by several independent groups, who showed that it is present and active in adults, as judged from the profound uptake of the glucose analogue radiotracer 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in positron-emission tomography and computed tomography scan analysis after cold exposure. A potential clinical implication of activating BAT relates to its high metabolic activity and its potential role in stimulating energy expenditure (i.e. resting energy expenditure, meal-induced thermogenesis, and cold-induced thermogenesis), which makes it an attractive target to reduce adiposity. Moreover, due to its ability to oxidise glucose and lipids, BAT activation may also potentially exert beneficial metabolic and cardiovascular effects through reducing glucose and lipid levels, respectively. This review describes the potential role of human BAT in the prevention and treatment of obesity, metabolism, and cardiovascular disease focusing on its impact on energy expenditure and management of body fat accumulation as well as on glucose and lipid metabolism. This article also summarises the strategies that are currently being studied to activate human BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Avda Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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40
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Acosta FM, Berchem J, Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Ortiz-Alvarez L, Hamaoka T, Ruiz JR. Near-Infrared Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy as an Indirect Technique to Assess Brown Adipose Tissue in Young Women. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 21:328-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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41
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Martinez-Tellez B, Nahon KJ, Sanchez-Delgado G, Abreu-Vieira G, Llamas-Elvira JM, van Velden FHP, Pereira Arias-Bouda LM, Rensen PCN, Boon MR, Ruiz JR. The impact of using BARCIST 1.0 criteria on quantification of BAT volume and activity in three independent cohorts of adults. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8567. [PMID: 29867076 PMCID: PMC5986766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) is commonly assessed by cold-induced 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT using several quantification criteria. Uniform criteria for data analysis became available recently (BARCIST 1.0). We compared BAT volume and activity following BARCIST 1.0 criteria against the most commonly used criteria [Hounsfield Units (HU):-250, -50, standardized uptake value (SUV):2.0; HU: Not applied, SUV:2.0 and HU:-180, -10, SUV:1.5] in a prospective study using three independent cohorts of men including young lean adults, young overweight/obese adults and middle-aged overweight/obese adults. BAT volume was the most variable outcome between criteria. While BAT volume calculated using the HU: NA; SUV: 2.0 criteria was up to 207% higher than the BAT volume calculated based on BARCIST 1.0 criteria, it was up to 57% lower using the HU: -250, -50; SUV: 2.0 criteria compared to the BARCIST 1.0. Similarly, BAT activity (expressed as SUVmean) also differed between different thresholds mainly because SUVmean depends on BAT volume. SUVpeak was the most consistent BAT outcome across the four study criteria. Of note, we replicated these findings in three independent cohorts. In conclusion, BAT volume and activity as determined by 18F-FDG-PET/CT highly depend on the quantification criteria used. Future human BAT studies should conduct sensitivity analysis with different thresholds in order to understand whether results are driven by the selected HU and/or SUV thresholds. The design of the present study precludes providing any conclusive threshold, but before more definitive thresholds for HU and SUV are available, we support the use of BARCIST 1.0 criteria to facilitate interpretation of BAT characteristics between research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Kimberly J Nahon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gustavo Abreu-Vieira
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Granada, Spain
| | - Floris H P van Velden
- Department of Radiology (Division of Nuclear Medicine), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lenka M Pereira Arias-Bouda
- Department of Radiology (Division of Nuclear Medicine), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Alrijne hospital, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Razzoli M, Emmett MJ, Lazar MA, Bartolomucci A. β-Adrenergic receptors control brown adipose UCP-1 tone and cold response without affecting its circadian rhythmicity. FASEB J 2018; 32:5640-5646. [PMID: 29715048 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800452r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic functions are primarily mediated by uncoupling protein (UCP)-1. Ucp1 gene expression is highly induced by cold temperature, via sympathetic nervous system and β-adrenergic receptors (βARs). Ucp1 is also repressed by the clock gene Rev-erbα, contributing to its circadian rhythmicity. In this study, we investigated mice lacking βARs (β-less mice) to test the relationship between βAR signaling and the BAT molecular clock. We found that in addition to controlling the induction of Ucp1 and other key BAT genes at near freezing temperatures, βARs are essential for the basal expression of BAT Ucp1 at room temperature. Remarkably, although basal Ucp1 expression is low throughout day and night in β-less mice, the circadian rhythmicity of Ucp1 and clock genes in BAT is maintained. Thus, the requirement of βAR signaling for BAT activity is independent of the circadian rhythmicity of Ucp1 expression and circadian oscillation of the molecular clock genes. On the other hand, we found that βARs are essential for the normal circadian rhythms of locomotor activity. Our results demonstrate that in addition to controlling the BAT response to extreme cold, βAR signaling is necessary to maintain basal Ucp1 tone and to couple BAT circadian rhythmicity to the central clock.-Razzoli, M., Emmett, M. J., Lazar, M. A., Bartolomucci, A. β-Adrenergic receptors control brown adipose UCP-1 tone and cold response without affecting its circadian rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Razzoli
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; and
| | - Matthew J Emmett
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alessandro Bartolomucci
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; and
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Intracellular glycolysis in brown adipose tissue is essential for optogenetically induced nonshivering thermogenesis in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6672. [PMID: 29704006 PMCID: PMC5923201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Release of fatty acids from lipid droplets upon activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is a key step in nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). However, intracellular lipolysis appears not to be critical for cold-induced thermogenesis. As activation of the SNS increases glucose uptake, we studied whether intracellular glycolysis plays a role in BAT thermogenesis. To stimulate BAT-innervating sympathetic nerves in vivo, we expressed channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in catecholaminergic fibers by crossbreeding tyrosine hydroxylase-Cre mice with floxed-stop ChR2 mice. Acute optogenetic stimulation of sympathetic efferent fibers of BAT increased body temperature and lowered blood glucose levels that were completely abolished by the β-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Knockdown of the Ucp1 gene in BAT blocked the effects of optogenetic stimulation on body temperature and glucose uptake. Inhibition of glucose uptake in BAT and glycolysis abolished optogenetically induced thermogenesis. Stimulation of sympathetic nerves upregulated expression of the lactate dehydrogenase-A and -B genes in BAT. Optogenetic stimulation failed to induce thermogenesis following treatment with the LDH inhibitor. Pharmacological blockade and genetic deletion of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 completely abolished the effects of sympathetic activation. Our results suggest that intracellular glycolysis and lactate shuttle play an important role in regulating acute thermogenesis in BAT.
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Pandzic Jaksic V, Grizelj D, Livun A, Boscic D, Ajduk M, Kusec R, Jaksic O. Neck adipose tissue - tying ties in metabolic disorders. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2018; 33:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2017-0075/hmbci-2017-0075.xml. [PMID: 29425108 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Upper body adipose tissue accumulation has been associated with clustering of metabolic disorders and increased cardiovascular risk. Neck circumference (NC) indicated that subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in that region is an independent pathogenic depot that might account for the additional risk missed by visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Neck adipose tissue (NAT) is not only one more ectopic depot but has several particular features that might modulate its metabolic role. Besides a controversial impact on obstructive apnea syndrome, neck fat encompasses carotid arteries as an important perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) depot. With dysfunctional changes in obesity, physiologic vascular regulation is lost and inflammatory signals accelerate atherogenesis. Unexpected was the discovery of brown and beige adipocytes in the neck of human adults. When stimulated, brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy through thermogenesis and it is associated with other favorable metabolic effects. Moreover, the neck is the region where the browning mechanism was disclosed. With this unique plastic nature, NAT revealed multiple ties, challenging dynamics and potential new therapeutic targets that might have significant implications on metabolic outcomes and vascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlatka Pandzic Jaksic
- Department of Endocrinology, Dubrava University Hospital, Av. G. Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danijela Grizelj
- Department of Cardiology, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Livun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Drago Boscic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Ajduk
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rajko Kusec
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ozren Jaksic
- Department of Hematology, Dubrava University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Christoffersen C, Federspiel CK, Borup A, Christensen PM, Madsen AN, Heine M, Nielsen CH, Kjaer A, Holst B, Heeren J, Nielsen LB. The Apolipoprotein M/S1P Axis Controls Triglyceride Metabolism and Brown Fat Activity. Cell Rep 2018; 22:175-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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46
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Duteil D, Tosic M, Lausecker F, Nenseth HZ, Müller JM, Urban S, Willmann D, Petroll K, Messaddeq N, Arrigoni L, Manke T, Kornfeld JW, Brüning JC, Zagoriy V, Meret M, Dengjel J, Kanouni T, Schüle R. Lsd1 Ablation Triggers Metabolic Reprogramming of Brown Adipose Tissue. Cell Rep 2017; 17:1008-1021. [PMID: 27760309 PMCID: PMC5081406 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous work indicated that lysine-specific demethylase 1 (Lsd1) can positively regulate the oxidative and thermogenic capacities of white and beige adipocytes. Here we investigate the role of Lsd1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and find that BAT-selective Lsd1 ablation induces a shift from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism. This shift is associated with downregulation of BAT-specific and upregulation of white adipose tissue (WAT)-selective gene expression. This results in the accumulation of di- and triacylglycerides and culminates in a profound whitening of BAT in aged Lsd1-deficient mice. Further studies show that Lsd1 maintains BAT properties via a dual role. It activates BAT-selective gene expression in concert with the transcription factor Nrf1 and represses WAT-selective genes through recruitment of the CoREST complex. In conclusion, our data uncover Lsd1 as a key regulator of gene expression and metabolic function in BAT. Loss of Lsd1 in brown adipocytes induces a brown-to-white fat cell conversion Lsd1 controls BAT- and WAT-selective genes via a dual mechanism Lsd1 deletion in brown adipocytes shifts oxidative to glycolytic metabolism Lsd1 controls thermogenesis in BAT to counteract obesity
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Duteil
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Milica Tosic
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Lausecker
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hatice Z Nenseth
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Judith M Müller
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Urban
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominica Willmann
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Petroll
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Center for Biological Systems Analysis, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadia Messaddeq
- IGBMC, Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Inserm U964, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Laura Arrigoni
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Thomas Manke
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | | | - Jens C Brüning
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Michael Meret
- metaSysX GmbH, Am Mühlenberg 11, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, Université de Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Toufike Kanouni
- Celgene Quanticel Research, 9393 Towne Centre Dr., Suite 110, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Roland Schüle
- Urologische Klinik und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Breisacherstrasse 66, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert Ludwigs University, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Standort Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
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47
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Dong M, Lin J, Lim W, Jin W, Lee HJ. Role of brown adipose tissue in metabolic syndrome, aging, and cancer cachexia. Front Med 2017; 12:130-138. [PMID: 29119382 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-017-0555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a fundamental role in maintaining body temperature by producing heat. BAT that had been know to exist only in mammals and the human neonate has received great attention for the treatment of obesity and diabetes due to its important function in energy metabolism, ever since it is recently reported that human adults have functional BAT. In addition, beige adipocytes, brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT), have also been shown to take part in whole body metabolism. Multiple lines of evidence demonstrated that transplantation or activation of BAT or/and beige adipocytes reversed obesity and improved insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, many genes involved in BATactivation and/or the recruitment of beige cells have been found, thereby providing new promising strategies for future clinical application of BAT activation to treat obesity and metabolic diseases. This review focuses on recent advances of BAT function in the metabolic aspect and the relationship between BAT and cancer cachexia, a pathological process accompanied with decreased body weight and increased energy expenditure in cancer patients. The underlying possible mechanisms to reduce BAT mass and its activity in the elderly are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wonchung Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 363-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanzhu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hyuek Jong Lee
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Mulberry anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside, increase the quantity of mitochondria during brown adipogenesis. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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49
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You Y, Yuan X, Liu X, Liang C, Meng M, Huang Y, Han X, Guo J, Guo Y, Ren C, Zhang Q, Sun X, Ma T, Liu G, Jin W, Huang W, Zhan J. Cyanidin-3-glucoside increases whole body energy metabolism by upregulating brown adipose tissue mitochondrial function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28691397 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Promoting brown adipose tissue (BAT) formation and function increases energy expenditure and may protect against obesity. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is an anthocyanin compound that occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of C3G on the prevention of obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS Db/db mice received C3G dissolved in drinking water for 16 wk; drinking water served as the vehicle treatment. The total body weight, energy intake, metabolic rate, and physical activity were measured. The lipid droplets, gene expression and protein expression were evaluated by histochemical staining, real-time PCR, and western blots. We found that C3G increased energy expenditure, limited weight gain, maintained glucose homeostasis, reversed hepatic steatosis, improved cold tolerance, and enhanced BAT activity in obese db/db mice. C3G also induces brown-like adipocytes (beige) formation in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) of db/db mice model. We also found that C3G potently regulates the transcription of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) both in BAT and sWAT through increasing mitochondrial number and function. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that C3G plays a role in regulating systemic energy balance, which may have potential therapeutic implications for the prevention and control of obesity.
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MESH Headings
- Adipogenesis
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/ultrastructure
- Adipose Tissue, White/enzymology
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/pathology
- Animals
- Anthocyanins/therapeutic use
- Behavior, Animal
- Dietary Supplements
- Energy Intake
- Energy Metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glucosides/therapeutic use
- Liver/enzymology
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Locomotion
- Male
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Mitochondria/enzymology
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/ultrastructure
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/pathology
- Obesity/prevention & control
- Thermotolerance
- Uncoupling Protein 1/genetics
- Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Whole Body Imaging
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin You
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yuan
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- ARC Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Minghui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Ren
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guojie Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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50
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Eid HM, Wright ML, Anil Kumar NV, Qawasmeh A, Hassan STS, Mocan A, Nabavi SM, Rastrelli L, Atanasov AG, Haddad PS. Significance of Microbiota in Obesity and Metabolic Diseases and the Modulatory Potential by Medicinal Plant and Food Ingredients. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:387. [PMID: 28713266 PMCID: PMC5493053 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of three or more metabolic disorders including insulin resistance, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. Obesity has become the epidemic of the twenty-first century with more than 1.6 billion overweight adults. Due to the strong connection between obesity and type 2 diabetes, obesity has received wide attention with subsequent coining of the term "diabesity." Recent studies have identified unique contributions of the immensely diverse gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. Several mechanisms have been proposed including altered glucose and fatty acid metabolism, hepatic fatty acid storage, and modulation of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1. Importantly, the relationship between unhealthy diet and a modified gut microbiota composition observed in diabetic or obese subjects has been recognized. Similarly, the role of diet rich in polyphenols and plant polysaccharides in modulating gut bacteria and its impact on diabetes and obesity have been the subject of investigation by several research groups. Gut microbiota are also responsible for the extensive metabolism of polyphenols thus modulating their biological activities. The aim of this review is to shed light on the composition of gut microbes, their health importance and how they can contribute to diseases as well as their modulation by polyphenols and polysaccharides to control obesity and diabetes. In addition, the role of microbiota in improving the oral bioavailability of polyphenols and hence in shaping their antidiabetic and antiobesity activities will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda M. Eid
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic MedicinesMontréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Beni-SuefBeni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Michelle L. Wright
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory UniversityAtlanta, GA, United States
| | - N. V. Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal UniversityManipal, India
| | | | - Sherif T. S. Hassan
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences BrnoBrno, Czechia
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj-Napoca, Romania
- ICHAT and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary MedicineCluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Seyed M. Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, University of SalernoFisciano, Italy
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of SciencesJastrzebiec, Poland
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Pierre S. Haddad
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Aboriginal Antidiabetic MedicinesMontréal, QC, Canada
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