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Wen Z, Wang H, Liang Q, Liu L, Zhang W, Zhang X. Mediating effect of social support and resilience between loneliness and depression in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analytic structural equation modeling. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:246-257. [PMID: 39147150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness is a powerful stressor for depression in older adults, and resilience and social support may mediate this relationship, while the evidence is limited. Hence, our study aims to explore the mediating role of social support and resilience between loneliness and depression and to test possible moderators. METHODS We searched 12 databases without language and publish time restrictions and obtained the correlation coefficients. This review constructed two-stage meta-analytical structural equality modeling (MASEA) to test the mediating effect of social support and resilience. Additionally, use one-stage MASEA to test the moderator effect of women proportion, published year, and country of study. RESULTS This study included 53 studies and 40, 929 older adults. Loneliness directly affected depression (β = 0.28, 95 % CI: 0.20, 0.36). Social support (β = 0.06, 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.09) and resilience (β = 0.15, 95 % CI: 0.12, 0.18) mediated the relationship. The proportion of women in the sample was moderator (χ2(5) = 11.10, p = 0.05). When the proportion exceeded 60 %, the path coefficient of loneliness and social support (β = -0.45, SE = 0.055) was larger than that of the subgroup below 60 % (β = -0.32, SE = 0.041). LIMITATIONS It was indefinite whether the evidence would be supported in longitudinal designs. Influenced by the original research data, it is impossible to calculate the model parameters of gender discrepancy. CONCLUSIONS Health aging policy-makers adopting social support and resilience intervention will help strengthen the coping skills of older adults confronting loneliness and reduce the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Wen
- Department of Dermatological, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Dean Office, Si Chuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingfang Liang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Linfeng Liu
- Dean Office, Si Chuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Dean Office, Si Chuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangeng Zhang
- Dean Office, Si Chuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China.
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Black MH, Helander J, Segers J, Ingard C, Bervoets J, de Puget VG, Bölte S. Resilience in the face of neurodivergence: A scoping review of resilience and factors promoting positive outcomes. Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 113:102487. [PMID: 39178757 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Neurodivergent individuals, including a range of conditions impacting neurological function, are at an increased likelihood of poor life outcomes, such as in functional adaptation, mental health, and well-being. Yet, many live meaningful and fulfilling lives. Resilience may provide some explanation for the heterogeneity in outcomes observed in neurodivergent populations. We conducted a scoping review embedded in a neurodiversity-affirmative approach to provide an understanding of resilience in neurodivergent populations. A total of 176 articles were included in this review and were synthesized using a two-phased process. First, findings were synthesized narratively to examine how resilience has been conceptualized and explored in neurodivergent populations. Second, to identify the bio-psycho-social factors important for resilience in neurodivergent individuals, we converted concepts identified in articles to the nomenclature of the World Health Organizations' International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) using a standardized linking process. We find considerable variability in how resilience is conceptualized and measured in neurodivergent populations. We identified 83 unique ICF categories representing resilience factors, of which only 20 appeared in more than 5% of the articles. Identified ICF categories highlight the importance of support systems such as families and friends, community participation and acceptance, and individual capabilities for resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa H Black
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Johan Helander
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Habilitation and Health, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julie Segers
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cecilia Ingard
- Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Criminology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Jo Bervoets
- University of Antwerp, Department of Philosophy, Compost Collective, Belgium
| | | | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Margetts JL, Hazelton M, Santangelo P, Yorke J, Wilson RL. Measurement of Psychological Resilience to Support Therapy Interventions for Clients in the Clinical Mental Healthcare Setting: A Scoping Review. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39238108 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Waves of psychological research over 50 years have resulted in the development of scales to measure psychological resilience. Multiple psychological resilience definitions and factors have emerged during this time, making its measurement complex. The overall aim of the review was to identify and describe developments in the measurement of psychological resilience in the clinical mental healthcare setting. Specific objectives included (1) consideration of the validity and reliability of psychological resilience scales, (2) the effectiveness of the scales in clinical mental healthcare settings and (3) to identify the scope that resilience factors are addressed in the included scales. It provides a timely update regarding psychological resilience measurement tools and considers further developments that may be required. Between 2011 and 2024, databases were searched, and English-language, peer-reviewed papers with full text were extracted. Eligible studies were those reporting validated existing resilience measures or the outcomes of new measures for use in clinical mental healthcare settings. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. The review demonstrated that psychological resilience measures require further development, particularly focusing on the utility of measurement tools in clinical mental healthcare settings. In this review, we highlight an existing gap in resilience measurement and underscore the need for a new measure of psychological resilience that can effectively assess individuals' subjective experience of their psychological resilience in clinical mental healthcare settings. The currently available psychological resilience measures included in this review do not directly reflect all the factors that might impact a client's depression or anxiety and warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judye L Margetts
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Hazelton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Santangelo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Janelle Yorke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hunghom, Hong Kong, China SAR
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rhonda L Wilson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Pawling R, McGlone F, Walker SC. High frequency heart rate variability is associated with sensitivity to affective touch. Physiol Behav 2024; 283:114600. [PMID: 38830446 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
C-tactile afferents (CTs) are a class of unmyelinated, mechanosensitive nerve fibre that respond optimally to skin temperature, slow moving touch typical of a caress. They are hypothesised to signal the rewarding value of affiliative tactile interactions. While CT firing frequency is positively correlated with subjective ratings of touch pleasantness, trait differences in sensitivity to the specific hedonic value of CT targeted touch have been reported. Inter-individual differences in vagally mediated, high frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) have been linked to variation in visual social cognition. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between resting state HF-HRV and sensitivity to socially relevant CT targeted touch. 58 healthy participants first had a 5-minute electrocardiogram. They then rated the pleasantness of 5 randomly presented velocities of robotically delivered touch. Three velocities fell within (1, 3, 10 cm/s) and two outside (0.3, 30 cm/s) the CT optimal range. Each velocity was delivered twice. On a group level, affective touch ratings were described by a negative quadratic function, with CT optimal velocities rated as more pleasant than slower and faster speeds. Simple regression analysis confirmed participants' HF-HRV was significantly predicted by the quadratic curve fit of their touch ratings, with higher HF-HRV associated with a better quadratic fit. These findings indicate that, in line with previous observations that higher HF-HRV is associated with enhanced sensitivity to visual social cues, trait differences in autonomic control could account for previously reported individual differences in CT sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Pawling
- Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Francis McGlone
- Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; School of Science, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Finland
| | - Susannah C Walker
- Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
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Reid C, Grant L. A call to action: Re-activating the latent human factor for achieving the UN SDGs-cultivating courageous partnerships and compassionate human systems. Psychol Psychother 2024; 97:408-424. [PMID: 38568011 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The raison d'être for psychotherapy1 is to address individual suffering and distress. The sustainable development goals address suffering and distress on a global scale in the context of threats to the survival of our communities and planet. OBJECTIVE We propose scaling up therapeutic principles for collective impact and nurturing therapist commitment beyond the therapy room, to activate and sustain compassion-in-action at the community system level. DESIGN The SDGs represent the strength of collective human concern and action coming together. At the half-way point, we are falling dangerously short of our targets, requiring an urgent response. The tenet of this paper is that the weakest link in our journey is not technical capability or finances, or even the impact of multiple intersecting crises, but our ability to collaborate for sustained action-it is the human factor-hence, we need a psychologically informed response. METHOD Notably, least 'visible' is SDG17, the umbrella goal designated means of implementation, through partnership. Partnership has been treated as a transactional element of SDG projects, rather than the vital heartbeat connecting daily actions to the 2030 vision. Partnership is about investing in relationships and a commitment to working together with a common purpose-the bailiwick of psychological therapists. RESULTS We propose an architecture to support the development of courageous partnerships and compassionate systems. CONCLUSION Compassion uniquely potentiates global action on wicked problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Reid
- Global Health Academy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liz Grant
- Global Health Academy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Chrétien A, Hayotte M, Vuillemin A, d'Arripe Longueville F. Resilience profiles of elite athletes and their associations with health-related behaviors, well-being, and performance: A latent profile analysis. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 74:102689. [PMID: 38901549 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Resilience is an important factor in the performances of elite athletes as it helps them overcome the adversity they face on a daily basis. It is a dynamic process with resilience qualities evolving throughout athletes' sporting careers. Recent research has established links between resilience, sports performance, lifestyle, and health-related factors. However, no study has yet focused on the resilience profiles of athletes (i.e., sub-groups of individuals with similar levels of different resilience qualities). The aims of this study were to: (a) explore the resilience profiles of elite athletes, (b) determine the characteristics of these resilience profiles (i.e., health-related behaviors, well-being, perceived social support), and (c) determine the correlates of these profiles at intrapersonal and interpersonal levels. Latent profile analysis was performed on 307 French elite athletes. Results revealed "high resilience" and "moderate resilience" profiles. Athletes with "high resilience" profiles were more likely to be men, exhibit better health-related behaviors, and have higher levels of psychological well-being and perceived performance. High levels of conscientiousness, extraversion, the dimensions of the coach-athlete relationship and the motivational climate were also related to the "high resilience" profile. This study is the first to explore the resilience profiles of elite athletes. The results suggest that a high level of resilience is related to the adoption of health-related behaviors favorable to elite sport. Based on these findings, health promotion programs targeting the concept of resilience should be developed in elite sport centers for athletes, coaches, and parents.
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Johnson JA, Ahluwalia S. Neurodiversity in the healthcare profession. Postgrad Med J 2024:qgae108. [PMID: 39209457 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The term neurodiversity was coined in the 1990s to describe a diversity in thinking, learning, and processing the world around us, and is associated with strengths as well as challenges. Rates of diagnosis of neurodivergent conditions are rising rapidly amongst patients and healthcare professionals, largely due to a recent surge in awareness and understanding of neurodiverse conditions and more inclusive diagnostic criteria. Societal adaptation, however, has lagged, and likely explains some of the psychosocial comorbidities of neurodiversity, as individuals are forced to adapt their personality and how they display their emotions to fit societal norms. There remains a lack of awareness and understanding of neurodiversity amongst the healthcare professions. There is also very limited published literature on the challenges and strengths of this group in the clinical environment. Here, we use a case study, focusing on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to explore the relationship between neurodiversity and work from the perspective of a neurodiverse health care professional. We challenge the notion that neurodiversity itself is a disability, but more likely a result of lack of societal awareness and adaption. We suggest accommodations and training in the clinical environment to raise awareness and support neurodiverse healthcare professionals in order that they flourish rather than struggle in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Anne Johnson
- Anglia Ruskin University School of Medicine, Bishop Hall Lane, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjiv Ahluwalia
- Anglia Ruskin University School of Medicine, Bishop Hall Lane, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
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Shi L, Tang W, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Yang H, Wu D, Li X, Liu L, Liu L, Chen X, Wang M. The relationship between socioeconomic status, medical accessibility, hope and psychological resilience of caregivers of children with chronic kidney disease in China: structural equation model. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:457. [PMID: 39198911 PMCID: PMC11360847 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the third most common cause of death after cancer and heart disease. The continuous treatment of children with CKD was greatly challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly impacted the CKD children's prognosis and the caregivers' psychological status. However, the influence mechanism of socioeconomic status, medical delay duration, traffic pressure, and online consultation duration on caregivers' hope and psychological resilience still lacks relevant evidence. METHODS This study investigated the general social information, hope, and psychological resilience of 247 caregivers with CKD in 13 provinces of China in March 2020. Factor analysis and an exploratory Structural Equation Model ( SEM ) were used to find the best-fit model, and Bootstrapping was used to calculate the 95% CI of indirect effects. RESULTS The factor analysis obtained four common factors, namely, socioeconomic status (annual family income, education, and career stability), medical accessibility (online consultation duration, medical delay duration, and traffic pressure), hope (positive attitude, positive action, and intimate relationship) and psychological resilience (optimism, tenacity, and strength), with the cumulative contribution rate of 65.34%. Bootstrapping obtains the socioeconomic status β = 0.30 (95% CI [0.14, 0.47], P = 0.002), medical accessibility β = 0.31 (95% CI [0.12, 0.47], P = 0.002), and hope β = 0.40 (95% CI [0.27, 0.52], P = 0.002) has a direct impact on psychological resilience of CKD children caregivers, followed by medical accessibility β = 0.20 (95% CI [0.10, 0.38], P = 0.001) and hope β = 0.23 (95% CI [0.16, 0.32], P = 0.001) plays a mediating role between socioeconomic status and psychological resilience. The indirect impact effect β = 0.35 (95% CI [0.25, 0.50], P = 0.001) is greater than the direct impact effect β = 0.30 (95% CI [0.14, 0.47], P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Sufficient attention should still be given to children with immunodeficiency after the COVID-19 pandemic, such as CKD, to avoid infection of deadly. Secondly, the government should vigorously develop Primary medical institutions to ensure efficient treatment of severe patients in tertiary hospitals; Finally, the professional literacy of medical workers in remote diagnosis and treatment should be improved to enhance the country's emergency response capacity for similar major public events and the requirements for normalised epidemic prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shi
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyi Tang
- Department of Clinical Data Research, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hengci Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunzhi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases of The Second, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoqi Wu
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuelan Chen
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China.
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Nephrology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China.
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Zhou Y, Yu NX, Liang Z, Feng S, Zhang Q. Preadolescents' executive functions and resilience development: A cascade model of resilience resources and resilient functioning. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 39183384 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Executive functions (EF), encompassing inhibition, updating, and shifting, are widely acknowledged as cognitive factors that promote resilience. However, prior research examining the association between EF and resilience has been hampered by inconsistent conceptualizations of resilience and an overreliance on cross-sectional designs. We embraced a process-oriented conceptualization of resilience and employed a longitudinal approach to investigate how EF components interplay with the dynamic processes of resilience resources and resilient functioning. METHODS A total of 144 Chinese preadolescents (aged 10-12, 53.5% male) completed computer-based EF assessments at baseline and self-reported their resilience at three intervals during 2019-2020. The resilience evaluations encompassed resilience resources at individual, familial, and social levels, as measured by the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents, and resilient functioning, operationalized as the residuals of socioemotional difficulties after accounting for stressful life events. RESULTS The findings emphasized the dynamic nature of resilience, unveiling a developmental cascade from resilience resources to resilient functioning and back to resilience resources. Furthermore, distinct effects of EF components on resilience development were found. Specifically, inhibition was associated with both concurrent and long-term resilience resources and functioning, while updating predicted long-term resilience resources, and shifting predicted long-term resilient functioning. CONCLUSION These results underscored the pivotal role of EF as a cognitive foundation in comprehending the dynamic resilience processes during preadolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Zhou
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nancy Xiaonan Yu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhanhong Liang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Yang Q, Yang J, Xiang X, Zhao Y, Sun X, Xing Y, Jiang N, Wang Y, Ran H, Huang Q. Association between sensory processing sensitivity and quality of life among cancer patients: a mediation and moderation of resilience and social determinants. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2024; 22:68. [PMID: 39180073 PMCID: PMC11342669 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-024-02283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) tend to be overreactive in response to negative environmental stimuli. More is known about the positive relationship between SPS and quality of life (QoL); nevertheless, less is known regarding the roles of resilience and social determinants in this association. This research aimed to investigate the potential mediation effect of resilience and the moderation effect of social determinants on the relationship between SPS and QoL in a large sample of Chinese cancer patients. METHODS We used the most recent datasets from an ongoing project conducted in southwest China. A two-stage random sampling strategy with a probability proportionate to sample size (PPS) design was adopted. The associations between resilience, SPS, and QoL were evaluated using a linear regression model. Path analysis was adopted to examine the mediation of resilience. RESULTS Resilience was positively associated with quality of life, while increased sensory processing sensitivity was negatively associated with quality of life. The restricted cubic spline analysis revealed that as resilience increased, the coefficients of quality of life rapidly increased across all domains. Conversely, the coefficients for quality of life gradually decreased with the escalation of sensory processing sensitivity. Resilience was a significant mediator, accounting for 21.88% of the total SPS-QoL association. The mediation effect of resilience varied across ethnicity and sex. CONCLUSION Sensory processing sensitivity was significantly associated with quality of life in cancer patients, and promoting resilience could mitigate this negative impact. However, the effect of resilience varies across sex and ethnicity. Therefore, targeted resilience promotion interventions, especially those integrating social characteristics, should be considered for implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghuan Yang
- Department of Medical Insurance, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Nursing, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xudong Xiang
- Department II of Thoracic surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Department II of Thoracic surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Xing
- Department of Gynecology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ni Jiang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanxiao Wang
- Department of Nursing, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hailiang Ran
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- Department of Community Science, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Qiubo Huang
- Department I of Thoracic Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Thorvaldsen S, Hansen KT, Forsberg JT. Children and adolescents weathering the storm: Resilience in the presence of bullying victimization, harassment, and pandemic lockdown in northern Norway. Scand J Psychol 2024; 65:735-746. [PMID: 38574243 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Resilience is a concept of growing interest because it can systematically inform prevention measures and psychosocial interventions for children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to explore resilience factors among young people who are victims of bullying and harassment (age 9 to 16 years old). In 2021 the burden of the pandemic lockdown became an additional adversity. The study used a repeated cross-sectional design. Two datasets with a total of 2,211 participants from 2017 (N = 972) and 2021 (N = 1,239) were included. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) was applied to define the resilient and non-resilient groups, and the quality-of-life questionnaire (KINDL) was used to map resilience factors. A total of 227 participants reported that they were being bullied, and 604 participants reported harassments from their peers. We used correlation and regression analyses to identify which factors predicted the highest resistance to the negative effects of bullying and harassment. The results were that 77.2% of the participants stayed resilient when facing these maladjustments, but this dropped to 61.7% during the pandemic. The most important resilience factors before the pandemic were the school environment, emotional well-being, and good relations with their friends. The impact of these predictors changed during the pandemic. Emotional well-being increased in strength, school environment was reduced, and friends did not predict resilience anymore. The effect sizes were generally large to medium. As it is common to experience adversity at some stage in life, it is vital for families, schools, social and healthcare workers to be aware of the factors associated with resilience. The results of this study may contribute towards an evidence base for developing plans to increase the capacity of resilience among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karl T Hansen
- Pedagogical and Psychological Service Troms (PPT), Tromsø, Norway
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Goodman M, Theron L, McPherson H, Seidel S, Raimer-Goodman L, Munene K, Gatwiri C. Multisystemic factors predicting street migration of children in Kenya: A multilevel longitudinal study of families and villages. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 154:106897. [PMID: 38870709 PMCID: PMC11316653 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Street-migration of children is a global problem with sparse multi-level or longitudinal data. Such data are required to inform robust street-migration prevention efforts. OBJECTIVE This study analyzes longitudinal cohort data to identify factors predicting street-migration of children - at caregiver- and village-levels. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Kenyan adult respondents (n = 575; 20 villages) actively participated in a community-based intervention, seeking to improve factors previously identified as contributing to street-migration by children. METHODS At two time points, respondents reported street-migration of children, and variables across economic, social, psychological, mental, parenting, and childhood experience domains. Primary study outcome was newly reported street-migration of children at T2 "incident street-migration", compared to households that reported no street-migration at T1 or T2. For caregiver-level analyses, we assessed bivariate significance between variables (T1) and incident street-migration. Variables with significant bivariate associations were included in a hierarchical logistical regression model. For community-level analyses, we calculated the average values of variables at the village-level, after excluding values from respondents who indicated an incident street-migration case to reduce potential outlier influence. We then compared variables between the 5 villages with the highest incidence to the 15 villages with fewer incident cases. RESULTS In regression analyses, caregiver childhood experiences, psychological factors and parenting behaviors predicted future street-migration. Lower village-aggregated depression and higher village-aggregated collective efficacy and social curiosity appeared significantly protective. CONCLUSIONS While parenting and economic strengthening approaches may be helpful, efforts to prevent street migration by children should also strengthen community-level mental health, collective efficacy, and communal harmony.
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Mazursky N. Discovering sources of resilience among homeless LGBTQ+ youth in out-of-home care in Israel: An ecological framework. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 154:106886. [PMID: 38852430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LGBTQ+ youth in out-of-home care experience multiple stressors due to being a minority group, in out-of-home care, and rejected by their families. Therefore, they tend to be vulnerable. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to explore the sources of the resilience of homeless LGBTQ+ youth in out-of-home care in the Israeli context. The research question was: What are the experiences, perceptions, and constructions of "resilience" among LGBTQ+ youth who aged out of out-of-home care for homeless LGBTQ+ youth in Israel? METHODS The study employed a critical constructivist grounded theory approach. Thirty-one in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with LGBTQ+ youth aged 16 to 32 (average age of 21.5) and analyzed. RESULTS The data analysis presents the sources of resilience according to four levels. (1) The individual level refers to self-acceptance, faith and hope, and creativity and productiveness. (2) The interpersonal level refers to friends and peer groups, educational institutions, employment environments, professionals, and LGBTQ+ out-of-home care services. (3) The macro level refers to public visibility of the LGBTQ+ community and financial support. (4) Finally, the chrono level refers to the development of rights and recognition over time. CONCLUSIONS An ecological model was implemented to conceptualize resilience among LGBTQ+ youth in out-of-home care in Israel. This multidimensional model was used to construct resilience sources that could assist in overcoming adversities among these youth. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nofar Mazursky
- Marron Institute of Urban Management, New York University, USA.
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Du LJ. The associations between religiosity and resilience when individuals are challenged by risk factors of suicide and mental illness. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1442248. [PMID: 39145184 PMCID: PMC11322123 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1442248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Du
- Sociology Department, Philosophy, Law, and Politics College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Sheehan J, Hadfield K. Overcoming socioeconomic adversity: Academic resilience in mathematics achievement among children and adolescents in Ireland. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39073074 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Although socioeconomic disadvantage is linked with academic underachievement, many children from low-income backgrounds perform well in school. Which modifiable factors predict this academic resilience? We examine between- and within-person predictors of one important academic metric - mathematics performance - across adolescence in 1715 (796 male, 919 female) youth living in poverty in Ireland, using data from three waves (9, 13, and 17/18 years) of the Growing Up in Ireland study. Using linear mixed models, math performance was worse when adolescents had more socioemotional and behavioural difficulties, more child-parent relationship conflict, parents had lower expectations of the adolescent's educational achievement, and when primary caregivers had less education. Adolescents who had better intellectual self-concept and attended a non-disadvantaged school had greater math performance. This research adds to the growing body of work suggesting academic resilience is dynamic and multisystemic; it provides potential targets at multiple levels to promote such resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Sheehan
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristin Hadfield
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Miao C, Zhang S. The effect of mobile social media on the mental health status of Chinese international students: an empirical study on the chain mediation effect. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:411. [PMID: 39068493 PMCID: PMC11283701 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01915-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the impact of mobile social media on the psychological well-being of Chinese international students and analyze the mechanisms of influence to enhance their overall psychological health and social interactions in a foreign environment. METHODS Convenience sampling was employed, using questionnaires on Mobile Social Media, Psychological Resilience, Body Image, Health Goal Setting, Physical Activity Level, and Mental Health Status as measurement tools. Data were gathered from 378 Chinese international students across 33 universities in South Korea, including Kangwon National University, Myongji University, Kunsan National University, Seoul National University, and Chonbuk National University. Confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, common method bias testing, and chain mediation effect analysis were conducted using SPSS and AMOS 23.0. RESULTS Mobile social media has significant indirect effects on the mental health of international students through various factors: psychological resilience and physical activity level (effect 'adg' = 0.080, 95% CI [0.029, 0.144]), body image and physical activity level (effect 'beg' = 0.122, 95% CI [0.044, 0.247]), and health goal setting and physical activity level (effect 'cfg' = 0.255, 95% CI [0.123, 0.428]). CONCLUSION The study shows that mobile social media benefits the mental health of Chinese international students by enhancing psychological resilience, physical activity, body image perception, and health goal setting. Collaboration between educational institutions and social media platforms is recommended to promote physical activity among international students. This collaboration can involve sharing encouraging messages, joining health communities, setting goals, and providing accessible exercise resources. Utilizing mobile apps or social media for tracking progress and goal-setting can also improve self-management skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Miao
- Department of Leisure Sports, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Korea
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Leisure Sports, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Korea.
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Wang Y, Xie H, Sun H, Ren L, Jiang H, Chen M, Dong C. Influencing Factors of Psychological Resilience in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 39:644-654. [PMID: 38324660 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the current status and influencing factors of psychological resilience in stroke patients and to provide a theoretical basis for future personalized rehabilitation support and psychological interventions. METHOD This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, CMB, and WANGFANG was conducted from inception until November 22, 2023, resulting in the retrieval of 2099 studies. Literature screening and data extraction were performed by two independent evaluators based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. RESULTS The final review included 23 studies. The results showed that self-efficacy, hope, confrontation coping, avoidance coping, functional independence, quality of life, and social support were positively associated with psychological resilience. Conversely, anxiety, depression, and resignation coping were negatively associated with psychological resilience. CONCLUSIONS Patients with stroke have a low level of psychological resilience, which was influenced by a variety of factors. However, longitudinal and large sample studies are needed to further confirm these findings. These results should be integrated into clinical practice for early assessment and targeted intervention in psychological resilience to assist patients in coping with the rehabilitation process and life changes after a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongxia Xie
- School of Computing, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liya Ren
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Meijia Chen
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Mathieu A, Reignier J, Le Gouge A, Plantefeve G, Mira JP, Argaud L, Asfar P, Badie J, Botoc NV, Bui HN, Chatellier D, Chauvelot L, Cracco C, Darmon M, Delbove A, Devaquet J, Dumont LM, Gontier O, Groyer S, Hourmant Y, Jaber S, Lambiotte F, Madeux B, Maizel J, Martinet O, Maxime V, Mercier E, Nay MA, Nseir S, Piton G, Quenot JP, Renault A, Rigaud JP, Schneider F, Sirodot M, Souweine B, Tamion F, Thévenin D, Thieulot-Rolin N, Tinturier F, Tirot P, Vinatier I, Vinsonneau C, Lascarrou JB, Laurent A. Resilience after severe critical illness: a prospective, multicentre, observational study (RESIREA). Crit Care 2024; 28:237. [PMID: 38997759 PMCID: PMC11245798 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical-illness survivors may experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and quality-of-life impairments. Resilience may protect against psychological trauma but has not been adequately studied after critical illness. We assessed resilience and its associations with PTSD and quality of life, and also identified factors associated with greater resilience. METHODS This prospective, multicentre, study in patients recruited at 41 French ICUs was done in parallel with the NUTRIREA-3 trial in patients given mechanical ventilation and vasoactive amines for shock. Three months to one year after intensive-care-unit admission, survivors completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25), Impact of Event-Revised scale for PTSD symptoms (IES-R), SF-36 quality-of-life scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ). RESULTS Of the 382 included patients, 203 (53.1%) had normal or high resilience (CD-RISC-25 ≥ 68). Of these resilient patients, 26 (12.8%) had moderate to severe PTSD symptoms (IES-R ≥ 24) vs. 45 (25.4%) patients with low resilience (p = 0.002). Resilient patients had higher SF-36 scores. Factors independently associated with higher CD-RISC-25 scores were higher MSPSS score indicating stronger social support (OR, 1.027; 95%CI 1.008-1.047; p = 0.005) and lower B-IPQ scores indicating a more threatening perception of the illness (OR, 0.973; 95%CI 0.950-0.996; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Resilient patients had a lower prevalence of PTSD symptoms and higher quality of life scores, compared to patients with low resilience. Higher scores for social support and illness perception were independently associated with greater resilience. Thus, our findings suggest that interventions to strengthen social support and improve illness perception may help to improve resilience. Such interventions should be evaluated in trials with PTSD mitigation and quality-of-life improvement as the target outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles Et Processus Identitaires (Psy-DREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EA7458, Dijon, France
| | - Jean Reignier
- CHU Nantes, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes Université, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hôtel-Dieu, 30 Bd. Jean Monnet, 44093, Nantes Cedex 1, France.
| | - Amélie Le Gouge
- Inserm CIC 1415, Tours, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Gaetan Plantefeve
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier d'Argenteuil, Argenteuil, France
| | - Jean-Paul Mira
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Cochin, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre-Université Paris Cité, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Argaud
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Asfar
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Angers, Angers, France
| | - Julio Badie
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Nord Franche Comté, Trevenans, France
| | - Nicolae-Vlad Botoc
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Saint Malo, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Hoang-Nam Bui
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Delphine Chatellier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Louis Chauvelot
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Cracco
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier d'Angoulême, Angoulême, France
| | - Michael Darmon
- Université Paris Cité ; Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Delbove
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Bretagne-Atlantique, Vannes, France
| | - Jérôme Devaquet
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Louis-Marie Dumont
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Louis-Mourier, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Colombes, France
| | - Olivier Gontier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Chartres, Chartres, France
| | - Samuel Groyer
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Montauban, Montauban, France
| | - Yannick Hourmant
- CHU Nantes, INSERM, Nantes Université, Anesthesie Reanimation, CIC 1413, Nantes, France
| | - Samir Jaber
- Service de Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabien Lambiotte
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France
| | - Benjamin Madeux
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Bigorre, Tarbes, France
| | - Julien Maizel
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Olivier Martinet
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Virginie Maxime
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Garches, France
- Inserm U 1173, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - Emmanuelle Mercier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, CRICS-TRIGGERSEP Network Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mai-Anh Nay
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Saad Nseir
- Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
- CNRS, Inserm, UMR 8576 - U1285 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille University, Lille, France
| | - Gael Piton
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
- Université de Franche Comté, EA3920, Besançon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Quenot
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire François Mitterrand, Dijon, France
- Lipness Team, INSERM, LabExLipSTIC, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- INSERM Centres d'Investigation Clinique, Département d'épidémiologie Clinique, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Anne Renault
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire La Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rigaud
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Dieppe, Dieppe, France
| | - Francis Schneider
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Sirodot
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, Epagny Metz-Tessy, France
| | - Bertrand Souweine
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel-Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabienne Tamion
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen; Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1096, FHU-REMOD-VHF, Rouen, France
| | - Didier Thévenin
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Lens, Lens, France
| | - Nathalie Thieulot-Rolin
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile de France, Melun, France
| | - Francois Tinturier
- Service de Réanimation Chirurgicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Patrice Tirot
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier du Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - Isabelle Vinatier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Départemental de la Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France
| | - Christophe Vinsonneau
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier de Béthune, Béthune, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Lascarrou
- CHU Nantes, Movement - Interactions - Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes Université, 44000, Nantes, France
- Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Laurent
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles Et Processus Identitaires (Psy-DREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EA7458, Dijon, France.
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France.
- Laboratoire Psy-DREPI, Université de Bourgogne Pôle Aafe, Esplanade Erasme, 21078, Dijon, France.
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Guo X, Hällström T, Johansson L, Najar J, Wetterberg H, Sacuiu S, Kern S, Skoog I. Midlife stress-related exhaustion and dementia incidence: a longitudinal study over 50 years in women. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:500. [PMID: 38992650 PMCID: PMC11238401 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05868-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Cognitive problems are common symptoms among individuals with stress-related exhaustion. It is still unknown whether these individuals are at a higher risk of developing dementia later. This study aims to examine the relationship between midlife stress-related exhaustion and dementia incidence. METHODS A population sample of 777 women (aged 38, 46, 50 and 54 years) without dementia at baseline was followed over 50 years, from 1968 to 2019. Stress-related exhaustion was based on information from the psychiatric examination in 1968/69. Information on dementia incidence between 1968 and 2019 was obtained from neuropsychiatric examinations, key-informant interviews, and hospital registry. Dementia was diagnosed according to the DSM-III-R criteria. A subgroup of non-demented women (n = 284) was examined for cognitive functions by the Gottfries-Bråne-Steen scale 24 years after baseline. RESULTS Stress-related exhaustion in midlife was associated with higher risk for development of dementia before age 75 (Hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval: 2.95 and 1.35-6.44). The association remained after adjustment for age, major depression, and anxiety disorder. Mean age of dementia onset was younger for women with stress-related exhaustion than women without stress (mean ± SD, 76 ± 9 vs. 82 ± 8 . p = 0.009). Women with stress-related exhaustion in midlife still showed more cognitive impairments 24 years later compared with women without stress (Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 2.64 and 1.15-6.06). CONCLUSIONS We found that women with stress-related exhaustion in midlife were at a higher risk to develop dementia at relatively younger age. These women showed persistently lower cognitive functions over years even without dementia. Present study results need to be interpreted with caution due to small sample size and should be confirmed in future studies with larger sample size. Our study findings may imply the importance of long-term follow-up regarding cognitive function among individuals with stress-related exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Guo
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of psychiatry, Affective Disorders, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Tore Hällström
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Johansson
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Addiction and Dependency, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenna Najar
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of neuropsychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna Wetterberg
- Infection medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Simona Sacuiu
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Silke Kern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of neuropsychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of neuropsychiatry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Yang M, Guo K, Liu W, Fang X, Liu T. Coping Tendency as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Psychological Resilience and Health Problems Among College Students. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2619-2630. [PMID: 39006887 PMCID: PMC11244630 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s466150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to explore the status of four common health problems (ie, smoking, internet addiction, physical inactivity, psychological disorder) among college students and analyze the relationship between psychological resilience, coping tendency and health problems. Participants and Methods The convenience sampling method was used to recruit 500 college students from four universities. The General Information Questionnaire, Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Health Risk Behavior Questionnaire were used for survey. Results Among the students, there were 71 smokers (15.4%) and 61 internet addicts (13.2%). Over a third of the students reported physical inactivity (35.9%) and a minority had psychological disorder (6.3%). The psychological resilience score differed between students who smoked, had internet addiction, physical inactivity, psychological disorder and those without these health-risk behaviors. Logistic regression analysis showed that negative coping tendency was the common contributing factor of physical inactivity, internet addiction and psychological disorder. Coping tendency played a partial mediating effect in the relationship between psychological resilience and health problems, with a mediating effect of 37.93%. Conclusion Psychological resilience can not only affect health problems directly but also influence health problems indirectly through coping tendency. Educators and administrators in universities can apply effective measures to improve psychological resilience and positive coping to prevent or reduce health problems among undergraduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Yang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Guo
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqing Fang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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21
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Chepkemoi S, Nyikavaranda P, Semrau M, Archer G, Pantelic M. Resilience resources for mental health among people living with HIV: a mixed-method systematic review. AIDS Care 2024; 36:849-863. [PMID: 38319898 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2024.2303613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) experience a disproportionate burden of mental health problems compared to people living without HIV. This systematic review aims to depict the spectrum of resilience resources that may promote the mental health of PLWH at the individual, interpersonal, organisational, community and policy levels. A systematic literature search was conducted in PsycINFO, Scopus, Medline and advanced Google Scholar. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Of the 591 studies identified, fourteen were included representing a total of 5,142 PLWH from China, Ghana, Nepal, Spain, Tanzania and the USA. Resilience resources were identified at the individual level (self-efficacy, self-esteem, acceptance, hope, optimism, religiosity/spirituality, belief in fate, mindfulness, strength and self-responsibility); interpersonal level (social support and parental monitoring); and community level (attending HIV clinic support groups and access to healthcare). All quantitative studies were cross-sectional, limiting inferences about causation or directionality. Future research should focus on resilience resources at the organisational and policy levels and incorporate longitudinal designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Chepkemoi
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Patrick Nyikavaranda
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Maya Semrau
- Centre for Global Health Research, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Gemma Archer
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Marija Pantelic
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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22
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Ward-Smith C, Sorsdahl K, van der Westhuizen C. An investigation into symptoms of depression and anxiety and emotion regulation among older adolescents from low-income settings in South Africa. Compr Psychiatry 2024; 132:152476. [PMID: 38552349 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health conditions (MHC) among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries, including South Africa, are estimated to be high. Adaptive emotion regulation (ER) skills can protect against MHC among adolescents. In South Africa, there is limited adolescent mental health prevalence data as well as little understanding of the associations between MHC and ER among adolescents. This study aimed to address these gaps by describing the psychosocial characteristics of older South African adolescents from low-income settings as well as investigating associations between depression and anxiety symptoms and ER. METHODS We selected 12 schools in collaboration with two NGOs. Learners aged 15-18-years were recruited to complete a tablet-based survey. ER, depression, anxiety, and other psychosocial measures were included. Two multiple linear regression models were used to determine associations between depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, other psychosocial factors, and ER. RESULTS Of the 733 participants from 12 Western Cape schools, 417 (56.90%) screened at risk for clinically significant anxiety symptoms, 423 (57.70%) participants for depression symptoms, 229 (31.40%) participants for PTSD symptoms and 263 (35.90%) for risky alcohol use. Depression and anxiety scores were found to be significantly positively correlated with ER difficulties and adolescents struggled most with identifying and utilizing adaptive ER strategies. The adjusted linear regression model reported that female gender, clinically significant depressive, anxiety, post-traumatic stress symptoms and risky-alcohol use were all significantly associated with poorer ER scores, while self-esteem was significantly associated with better ER scores. CONCLUSION These findings contribute to the South African adolescent mental health literature and to the research gap on the links between depression and anxiety and ER. Future research should consider further exploration of the relationships between psychosocial factors and ER to inform the urgent development and testing of appropriate adolescent interventions in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ward-Smith
- Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - K Sorsdahl
- Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C van der Westhuizen
- Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Rogers EM, Melde C, Williams J, Heinze J, McGarrell E. Adolescent Mental Health and Resilience Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Adolesc Health 2024; 75:43-50. [PMID: 38493399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to assess levels of depression, anxiety, and resilience factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a school sample of adolescents. We also aimed to examine the compensatory and protective effects of individual, family, and school resilience factors on adolescent mental health. METHODS We used fall 2019 and fall 2020 survey responses from a cluster randomized controlled trial implemented in 20 schools in a Midwestern county. The sample consisted of 3,085 responses from students in grades 5 and 6. Multilevel mixed-effects models with cluster robust standard errors were used to investigate the associations between exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health (anxiety, depression), and resilience factors (future orientation, family engagement, and having a caring school adult). RESULTS Anxiety, but not depression, was higher in fall 2020 compared to fall 2019. Family engagement increased during the pandemic, while future orientation of the student body was lower during that time and the prevalence of having a caring adult at school was unchanged. A positive future orientation was associated with lower levels of anxiety and depression, while having a caring school adult was associated with lower depression. Adolescents with less positive future orientations, low family engagement, and no caring school adults experienced the greatest increases in anxiety. DISCUSSION Positive future orientations, family engagement, and supportive nonparental adult relationships had compensatory and protective effects on adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adding these measures to the inventory of modifiable resilience factors during natural disasters may promote healthy adaptation among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M Rogers
- Public Policy Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
| | - Chris Melde
- School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jalena Williams
- School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Justin Heinze
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Edmund McGarrell
- School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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24
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Morawetz C, Basten U. Neural underpinnings of individual differences in emotion regulation: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105727. [PMID: 38759742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
This review synthesises individual differences in neural processes related to emotion regulation (ER). It comprises individual differences in self-reported and physiological regulation success, self-reported ER-related traits, and demographic variables, to assess their correlation with brain activation during ER tasks. Considering region-of-interest (ROI) and whole-brain analyses, the review incorporated data from 52 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Results can be summarized as follows: (1) Self-reported regulation success (assessed by emotional state ratings after regulation) and self-reported ER-related traits (assessed by questionnaires) correlated with brain activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex. (2) Amygdala activation correlated with ER-related traits only in ROI analyses, while it was associated with regulation success in whole-brain analyses. (3) For demographic and physiological measures, there was no systematic overlap in effects reported across studies. In showing that individual differences in regulation success and ER-related traits can be traced back to differences in the neural activity of brain regions associated with emotional reactivity (amygdala) and cognitive control (lateral prefrontal cortex), our findings can inform prospective personalised intervention models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrike Basten
- Department of Psychology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany
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25
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Aryuwat P, Holmgren J, Asp M, Radabutr M, Lövenmark A. Experiences of Nursing Students Regarding Challenges and Support for Resilience during Clinical Education: A Qualitative Study. NURSING REPORTS 2024; 14:1604-1620. [PMID: 39051356 PMCID: PMC11270303 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep14030120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Nursing students require resilience to navigate the complexities of clinical practice. This characteristic is essential for managing demanding workloads, unpredictable patient situations, and emotional stressors while maintaining performance and well-being. Fostering resilience helps students develop the capacity to adapt to adversity, overcome setbacks, and remain committed to providing high-quality patient care. This qualitative study explores the challenges and supports influencing nursing students' resilience during clinical education. Interviews with 28 Thai nursing students revealed two key themes: the "experience of vulnerability" and the "experience of meaningfulness". The sub-themes of vulnerability included "navigating uncertainty", "transcending professional struggles", and "being exposed to diverse encounters". The sub-themes of meaningfulness focused on restoring strength through social interactions and engaging in positive transformation. This study highlights the need for comprehensive support systems that address personal and professional vulnerabilities. Integrating caring theory principles could further enhance resilience by emphasizing compassionate care and fostering student empathy. This suggests that instructors and stakeholders can significantly impact student well-being by creating supportive environments built on collaboration, empathy, and mentorship, all of which are aligned with caring theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pimwalunn Aryuwat
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 721 23 Vasteras, Sweden; (J.H.); (M.A.); (A.L.)
| | - Jessica Holmgren
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 721 23 Vasteras, Sweden; (J.H.); (M.A.); (A.L.)
| | - Margareta Asp
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 721 23 Vasteras, Sweden; (J.H.); (M.A.); (A.L.)
| | - Matanee Radabutr
- Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Changwat Nonthaburi, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand;
| | - Annica Lövenmark
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 721 23 Vasteras, Sweden; (J.H.); (M.A.); (A.L.)
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Magorokosho NK, Heraclides A, Papaleontiou-Louca E, Prodromou M. Evaluation of Resilience and Mental Health in the "Post-Pandemic Era" among University Students: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:825. [PMID: 39063402 PMCID: PMC11276453 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental well-being of university students has been a growing concern in Public Health and has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic (including the post-pandemic era) introduced and exacerbated a variety of potential stressors for vulnerable individuals and communities, resulting in an increase in mental health issues among university students. Resilience, as a process, is the ability of a system to adapt and grow in the face of adversity. This is a crucial aspect to consider when examining the coping of university students in critical situations such as COVID-19. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the association between resilience and mental health outcomes among university students in Cyprus during the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. METHODS A parallel embedded mixed methods research design will be utilized to assess resilience, measured by the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the COVID-19 Impact Scale (CIS) and mental health outcomes measured by the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL 90-R), during the COVID-19 post-pandemic era (January 2022-July 2024) among university students in the Republic of Cyprus. The study will be conducted in two stages: a pilot study followed by the main study. Quantitative data will be collected through a web-based survey, while qualitative data will be obtained through in-person focus groups designed to capture participants' experiences. Participants will be recruited using a proportional quota sampling approach to achieve representativeness based on predefined demographics. The study protocol has been approved by the Cyprus Bioethics Committee (approval no: EEC/EP/2023/31). DISCUSSION This study is expected to broaden our understanding of the intricate interactions between the COVID-19 pandemic's impact, resilience, and mental health outcomes. The focus on university students' psychological wellbeing is consistent with the call by the WHO to focus on mental health (World Health Organization, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eleonora Papaleontiou-Louca
- School of Humanities, Social & Education Sciences (Psychology), European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
| | - Maria Prodromou
- School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
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Wood JJ, Danial J, Wolpe S. Home-based video assessment of children's autism-related behaviours: Psychometric analysis and linkages with parental responsiveness and context. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 63:197-212. [PMID: 38214135 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assessment of autism-related behaviours (ARBs) in children has generally been limited to direct observations in clinical settings or informant-based reports. The widespread availability of video-streaming devices has made home observations of children's ARBs feasible. This approach could enable assessment of the generalization and durability of interventions and may be able to overcome methodological limitations of predominant current assessment approaches (response biases, limited sensitivity to treatment). DESIGN AND METHODS Forty-four autistic children and their families participated in a repeated-measures study with a correlational design. Approximately 10 hr of unprompted behaviour at home were videorecorded over the course of a week (2 hr per day) for each participant. Gold standard measures of ARBs were also administered (ADOS-2 and ADI-R). Two home-based observational measures of ARBs utilizing streaming video were developed and evaluated: the ARCHER and the CHEERS. Trained independent evaluators made ratings on the ARCHER, CHEERS and an observational measure of parental responsiveness. RESULTS Correlations with the ADOS-2 and ADI-R were .47 and .34 for ARCHER scores and .51 and .48 for CHEERS scores, respectively. In linear mixed models, more responsive parenting was associated with fewer ARBs on a daily basis. Children spent their afternoons engaged in many typical activities including electronics, homework and games with family members, and ARBs were more prominent in some of these contexts (e.g., electronics) than others (e.g., family games). CONCLUSIONS Home-based observational assessment of ARBs may be useful for clinical and descriptive research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Danial
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Samara Wolpe
- University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Whitelaw S. Fostering resilience in young people with intellectual disabilities using a 'settings' approach. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2024; 28:549-566. [PMID: 36977495 PMCID: PMC11059839 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231168186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The need to foster resilience amongst young people with intellectual disabilities is increasingly recognised within policy. Critically, understanding of the actual means by which this aspiration might be most sensitively and effectively met is considered weak. This paper reports on an exploratory case-study of a social enterprise community café - The Usual Place - that through the promotion of employability, seeks to promote resilience amongst its young 'trainees' with intellectual disabilities. Two research questions were set: "how is 'resilience' conceptualized within the organisation" and "what features within the organisation are significant in fostering resilience"? We identify a range of significant features associated with being able to successfully foster resilience - the need for a foundational 'whole organisation'(settings) approach based on high levels of participation and choice; the negotiation of a constructive dynamic tension between 'support' and 'exposure'; and the embedding of these actions in embodied actions and day-to-day organisational activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Whitelaw
- School of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Glasgow, Dumfries, UK
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29
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Niitsu K, Lee C, Rice MJ. Interactions Between Serotonin Transporter Gene and Adverse Childhood Experience in a Generalized Additive Model: A Pilot Study. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024:10783903241255710. [PMID: 38819102 DOI: 10.1177/10783903241255710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While most people experience potentially traumatic events (PTEs), including Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), the stress reactions to PTEs on mental health outcomes are highly heterogeneous. Resilience is influenced by a complex biopsychosocial ecological system, including gene serotonin transporter-linked promoter region or 5-HTTLPR /rs25531 by ACEs interactions. AIMS This pilot study investigated the gene-by-environment interactions on mental health outcomes in adults enrolled in a health care profession program using a generalized additive model (GAM). METHODS Seventy health care college students (mean age = 27.4 years, 67.1% women) participated in this cross-sectional study. Saliva samples were collected from students to analyze 5-HTTLPR/rs25531. Participants completed the ACE Questionnaire and the Mental Health Inventory. GAMs with different interaction terms were built adjusting for age, gender, and race. The value of the effective degree of freedom (EDF) quantifies the curvature of the relationship. RESULTS Among participants with the long allele of 5-HTTLPR/rs25531, a linear pattern was found between the total ACE score and mental health outcomes (EDF = 1). Conversely, among participants with the short allele, EDF was approximately 2, indicating a curved association suggesting that mental health worsens in individuals exposed to up to four types of ACEs. CONCLUSIONS The impact of up to four ACEs on mental health was stronger among individuals with the short allele of 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 than those with the long allele. Although this study does not claim to provide a definite approach to analyzing gene-by-environment interactions, we offer a different perspective to explore the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Niitsu
- Kosuke Niitsu, PhD, ARNP, PMHNP-BC, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Chiyoung Lee
- Chiyoung Lee, PhD, RN, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Michael J Rice
- Michael J. Rice, PhD, APN, FAAN, WAN, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Papola D, Prina E, Ceccarelli C, Cadorin C, Gastaldon C, Ferreira MC, Tol WA, van Ommeren M, Barbui C, Purgato M. Psychological and social interventions for the promotion of mental health in people living in low- and middle-income countries affected by humanitarian crises. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 5:CD014300. [PMID: 38770799 PMCID: PMC11106803 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014300.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of wars, conflicts, persecutions, human rights violations, and humanitarian crises, about 84 million people are forcibly displaced around the world; the great majority of them live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). People living in humanitarian settings are affected by a constellation of stressors that threaten their mental health. Psychosocial interventions for people affected by humanitarian crises may be helpful to promote positive aspects of mental health, such as mental well-being, psychosocial functioning, coping, and quality of life. Previous reviews have focused on treatment and mixed promotion and prevention interventions. In this review, we focused on promotion of positive aspects of mental health. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of psychosocial interventions aimed at promoting mental health versus control conditions (no intervention, intervention as usual, or waiting list) in people living in LMICs affected by humanitarian crises. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and seven other databases to January 2023. We also searched the World Health Organization's (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify unpublished or ongoing studies, and checked the reference lists of relevant studies and reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing psychosocial interventions versus control conditions (no intervention, intervention as usual, or waiting list) to promote positive aspects of mental health in adults and children living in LMICs affected by humanitarian crises. We excluded studies that enrolled participants based on a positive diagnosis of mental disorder (or based on a proxy of scoring above a cut-off score on a screening measure). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were mental well-being, functioning, quality of life, resilience, coping, hope, and prosocial behaviour. The secondary outcome was acceptability, defined as the number of participants who dropped out of the trial for any reason. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence for the outcomes of mental well-being, functioning, and prosocial behaviour. MAIN RESULTS We included 13 RCTs with 7917 participants. Nine RCTs were conducted on children/adolescents, and four on adults. All included interventions were delivered to groups of participants, mainly by paraprofessionals. Paraprofessional is defined as an individual who is not a mental or behavioural health service professional, but works at the first stage of contact with people who are seeking mental health care. Four RCTs were carried out in Lebanon; two in India; and single RCTs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Jordan, Haiti, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the occupied Palestinian Territories (oPT), Nepal, and Tanzania. The mean study duration was 18 weeks (minimum 10, maximum 32 weeks). Trials were generally funded by grants from academic institutions or non-governmental organisations. For children and adolescents, there was no clear difference between psychosocial interventions and control conditions in improving mental well-being and prosocial behaviour at study endpoint (mental well-being: standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.17 to 0.29; 3 RCTs, 3378 participants; very low-certainty evidence; prosocial behaviour: SMD -0.25, 95% CI -0.60 to 0.10; 5 RCTs, 1633 participants; low-certainty evidence), or at medium-term follow-up (mental well-being: mean difference (MD) -0.70, 95% CI -2.39 to 0.99; 1 RCT, 258 participants; prosocial behaviour: SMD -0.48, 95% CI -1.80 to 0.83; 2 RCT, 483 participants; both very low-certainty evidence). Interventions may improve functioning (MD -2.18, 95% CI -3.86 to -0.50; 1 RCT, 183 participants), with sustained effects at follow-up (MD -3.33, 95% CI -5.03 to -1.63; 1 RCT, 183 participants), but evidence is very uncertain as the data came from one RCT (both very low-certainty evidence). Psychosocial interventions may improve mental well-being slightly in adults at study endpoint (SMD -0.29, 95% CI -0.44 to -0.14; 3 RCTs, 674 participants; low-certainty evidence), but they may have little to no effect at follow-up, as the evidence is uncertain and future RCTs might either confirm or disprove this finding. No RCTs measured the outcomes of functioning and prosocial behaviour in adults. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS To date, there is scant and inconclusive randomised evidence on the potential benefits of psychological and social interventions to promote mental health in people living in LMICs affected by humanitarian crises. Confidence in the findings is hampered by the scarcity of studies included in the review, the small number of participants analysed, the risk of bias in the studies, and the substantial level of heterogeneity. Evidence on the efficacy of interventions on positive mental health outcomes is too scant to determine firm practice and policy implications. This review has identified a large gap between what is known and what still needs to be addressed in the research area of mental health promotion in humanitarian settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Papola
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Cochrane Global Mental Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleonora Prina
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Cochrane Global Mental Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Caterina Ceccarelli
- Global Program Expert Group on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support, SOS Children's Villages, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Cadorin
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Cochrane Global Mental Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Gastaldon
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Cochrane Global Mental Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Madalena C Ferreira
- Public Health Unit, Médio Ave Local Health Unit, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Wietse A Tol
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark van Ommeren
- Department of Mental Health, Brain Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Barbui
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Cochrane Global Mental Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marianna Purgato
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Cochrane Global Mental Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Macrì M, D’Albis G, D’Albis V, Antonacci A, Abbinante A, Stefanelli R, Pegreffi F, Festa F. Periodontal Health and Its Relationship with Psychological Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2942. [PMID: 38792482 PMCID: PMC11122378 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies suggest that chronic psychological stress can lead to oral health deterioration, alter the immune response, and possibly contribute to increased inflammation, which can impact the physiological healing of periodontal tissues. This cross-sectional study seeks to assess and improve clinical understanding regarding the relationship between perceived stress, mindfulness, and periodontal health. Methods: A total of 203 people were analyzed from December 2022 to June 2023. The Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) score and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), and Plaque Control Record (PCR) of every patient were registered. Subsequently, participants completed the Sheldon Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Mindfulness Awareness Attention Scale (MAAS) questionnaires. The collected data underwent statistical analysis, encompassing the evaluation of correlations and dependencies. Applying Welch's t-test to assess the relationship between MAAS and the variable indicating the presence or absence of periodontitis, a noteworthy p-value of 0.004265 was obtained. Results: This underscores a significant distinction in MAAS scores between patients affected by periodontitis and those unaffected by the condition. Additionally, Pearson correlations were computed for GBI and perceived stress, PCR and perceived stress, PCR and MAAS. The resulting p-values of 2.2-16, 3.925-8, and 2.468-8, respectively, indicate a statistically significant correlation in each instance. Conclusions: These findings contribute valuable insights into the interconnectedness of these variables, emphasizing the significance of their associations in the study context. Despite the limitations, the findings of this study suggest a significant relationship between psychological stress, mindfulness, and periodontal tissue health. Clinical trials are necessary to incorporate the assessment of a patient's psychological status as a new valuable tool in the management of periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Macrì
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D’Albis
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo D’Albis
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Anna Antonacci
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonia Abbinante
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Riccardo Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Pegreffi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Felice Festa
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Riggs E, Gartland D, Szwarc J, Stow M, Paxton G, Brown SJ. Resilience and Positive Wellbeing Experienced by 5-12-Year-Old Children with Refugee Backgrounds in Australia: The Childhood Resilience Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:627. [PMID: 38791841 PMCID: PMC11121680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Refugee research tends to be deficit based and focused on the risks threatening positive adaptation and wellbeing. High rates of mental (and physical) health issues have been reported for refugee adults and children, including intergenerational trauma. This study uses the new Child Resilience Questionnaire (CRQ), co-designed with refugee background communities, to describe resilience and positive wellbeing experienced by children of refugee-background. The Childhood Resilience Study (CRS) recruited 1132 families with children aged 5-12 years in Victoria and South Australia, Australia. This included the recruitment of 109 families from 4 refugee background communities: Assyrian Chaldean (Iraq, Syria), Hazara (Afghanistan), Karen (Burma, Thailand) and Sierra Leonean families. CRQ-parent/caregiver report (CRQ-P/C) scores were categorised into 'low', 'moderate' and 'high'. The child's emotional and behavioural wellbeing was assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, with positive wellbeing defined as <17 on the total difficulties score. Tobit regression models adjusted for a child's age. The CRQ-P/C scores were not different for boys and girls of refugee background. Children of refugee-background (n = 109) had higher average CRQ-P/C scores than other CRS children (n = 1023) in the personal, school and community domains, but were lower in the family domain. Most children with 'high' resilience scores had positive wellbeing for both children of refugee-background (94.6%) and other CRS children (96.5%). Contrary to common stereotypes, children of refugee-background show specific individual, family, school and cultural strengths that can help them navigate cumulative and complex risks to sustain or develop their positive wellbeing. A better understanding as to how to build strengths at personal, family, peer, school and community levels where children are vulnerable is an important next step. Working in close collaboration with refugee communities, schools, policy makers and key service providers will ensure the optimal translation of these findings into sustainable practice and impactful public policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Riggs
- Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (E.R.); (S.J.B.)
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Deirdre Gartland
- Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (E.R.); (S.J.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Josef Szwarc
- Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture, Melbourne, VIC 3056, Australia; (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Mardi Stow
- Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture, Melbourne, VIC 3056, Australia; (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Georgia Paxton
- Immigrant Health Service, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Stephanie J. Brown
- Intergenerational Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (E.R.); (S.J.B.)
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
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Pearson A, Carrieri D, Melvin A, Bramwell C, Scott J, Hancock J, Papoutsi C, Pearson M, Wong G, Mattick K. Developing a typology of interventions to support doctors' mental health and wellbeing. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:573. [PMID: 38702774 PMCID: PMC11067176 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The problem of mental ill-health in doctors is complex, accentuated by the COVID-19 pandemic, and impacts on healthcare provision and broader organisational performance. There are many interventions to address the problem but currently no systematic way to categorise them, which makes it hard to describe and compare interventions. As a result, implementation tends to be unfocussed and fall short of the standards developed for implementing complex healthcare interventions. This study aims to develop: 1) a conceptual typology of workplace mental health and wellbeing interventions and 2) a mapping tool to apply the typology within research and practice. METHODS Typology development was based on iterative cycles of analysis of published and in-practice interventions, incorporation of relevant theories and frameworks, and team and stakeholder group discussions. RESULTS The newly developed typology and mapping tool enable interventions to be conceptualised and/or mapped into different categories, for example whether they are designed to be largely preventative (by either improving the workplace or increasing personal resources) or to resolve problems after they have arisen. Interventions may be mapped across more than one category to reflect the nuance and complexity in many mental health and wellbeing interventions. Mapping of interventions indicated that most publications have not clarified their underlying assumptions about what causes outcomes or the theoretical basis for the intervention. CONCLUSION The conceptual typology and mapping tool aims to raise the quality of future research and promote clear thinking about the nature and purpose of interventions, In doing so it aims to support future research and practice in planning interventions to improve the mental health and wellbeing of doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Pearson
- Department of Health & Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Daniele Carrieri
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Anna Melvin
- Department of Health & Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Charlotte Bramwell
- Department of Health & Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jessica Scott
- Department of Health & Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Chrysanthi Papoutsi
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Pearson
- Institute of Clinical & Applied Health Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Geoff Wong
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karen Mattick
- Department of Health & Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Foster S, Grekul J. "This might be cliché, but it was a sense of family": Gang involvement among Indigenous young adults and their search for attachment, community, and hope. CANADIAN REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SOCIOLOGIE 2024; 61:153-171. [PMID: 38575385 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Indigenous communities in Canada continue to feel the ongoing impacts of colonialism, including socio-economic disadvantage, high rates of violent victimization, systemic racism and discrimination, overrepresentation in the criminal justice system, and intergenerational trauma. Based on in-depth interviews with 10 gang-involved Indigenous young adults, using attachment theory as a guiding framework, we explore how colonialism continues to negatively impact the attachment these young people have to their families, communities, and social institutions, and leads to their gang involvement which perpetuates violence and trauma. Yet, they exhibit hope for a better future. Drawing on participant experiences we suggest key points at which provision of supports and resources can assist with increasing attachments and facilitating gang desistance. We share these insights while acknowledging the continued structural, embedded violence many Indigenous youth experience today that necessitates a commitment to decolonization at all levels of Canadian society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seeley Foster
- University of Alberta, Department of Sociology, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jana Grekul
- University of Alberta, Department of Sociology, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Nabors L, Merianos AL, Stough CO, Workman B, Adabla S, Bernstein JA. Association among friendship skills, involvement in after-school activities, and flourishing for adolescents with asthma and comorbid emotional and behavioral problems. J Asthma 2024; 61:417-426. [PMID: 37937849 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2281624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Primary objectives were to examine the relations among abilities for making and keeping friends, involvement in after-school activities, and flourishing for adolescents with current asthma, as well as comorbid behavior problems, anxiety, or depression. METHODS Data from the 2021 National Survey of Child Health was analyzed. Parents provided data on one child. Multinomial logistic regression analyses, both unadjusted and adjusted for the sampling weight, were conducted for adolescents with current asthma and comorbid behavior problems, anxiety, or depression. Predictors of flourishing included difficulty in making and keeping friends and involvement in after-school activities. Sex, age, race/ethnic group, and having been bullied were covariates. To examine differences for children with varied comorbid emotional and behavioral problems, relations were tested separately for children with asthma and behavior problems, children with asthma and anxiety, and children with asthma and depression. RESULTS Skills for making and keeping friends were positively related to flourishing of adolescents with current asthma for all three types of mental health concerns. The relationship between involvements in after-school activities was less clear-cut, as this predictor was not always positively related to flourishing. CONCLUSIONS Abilities to make and keep friends were related to flourishing, indicating that peer support is a resilience factor. Conversely, it was not clear that involvement in after-school activities was a resilience factor and more research about factors constituting successful after-school involvement for adolescents with asthma is needed. Future research, illuminating how social support from peers and involvement in activities promote flourishing will extend knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nabors
- Health Promotion and Education, School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, Human Services, and Information Technology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- Health Promotion and Education, School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, Human Services, and Information Technology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cathleen Odar Stough
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brandon Workman
- Health Promotion and Education, School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, Human Services, and Information Technology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Samuel Adabla
- Health Promotion and Education, School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, Human Services, and Information Technology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Meng X. Access to mental health services in urban areas: examine the availability, affordability, and accessibility of mental health services in urban settings, particularly for individuals with intersecting marginalized identities. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2024; 37:185-190. [PMID: 38415764 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To offer an integrative overview of mental health services in urban areas across different social groups and underscore the challenges and potential solutions to improve access to mental health services in urban areas. RECENT FINDINGS The process of urbanization places a lot of toll on the current mental health services system. Challenges to both mental health and mental health services include the elevated risk of some mental and behavioral health issues, the increased demand for mental health services, and the intensification of mental health inequalities. The phenomenon of mental health inequalities is exacerbated in urban areas, with certain disadvantaged population groups more likely to report higher mental health issues and difficulties in accessing mental health services. Targeted and dedicated strategies are warranted to develop and allocate resources to address the mental health services needs among those simultaneously with multiple disadvantaged social and economic characteristics. SUMMARY Urbanization places a substantive burden on both mental health and mental health services and creates challenges to mental health services access. Integrative and multisectoral initiatives could shed light on effectively addressing the issues of access to mental health services in urban cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Cockcroft K, Greyling M, Fouché A, Ungar M, Theron L. South African emerging adults' capacity for resilience in the face of COVID-19 stressors. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:522-533. [PMID: 37974374 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231208620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about resilience responses to COVID-19 stressors from emerging adults in minority world contexts. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the association between self-reported COVID-19 stressors and capacity for resilience in 351 emerging adults (Meanage = 24.45, SD = 2.57; 68% female) who self-identified as Black African. We were interested in whether age, gender and neighbourhood quality influenced this association. The main findings were that higher pandemic stress was associated with a greater capacity for resilience. Older participants showed higher levels of resilience, while there was no gender difference in this regard. Those who perceived their neighbourhoods as being of a good quality also showed greater capacity for resilience, despite all participants residing in disadvantaged communities. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Cockcroft
- School of Human and Community Development at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Mike Greyling
- Data Management and Statistical Analysis, South Africa
| | - Ansie Fouché
- United Arab Emirates University, UAE
- North-West University, South Africa
| | | | - Linda Theron
- University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Avenue, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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Kim HJ, Bang M, Pae C, Lee SH. Multimodal neural correlates of dispositional resilience among healthy individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9875. [PMID: 38684873 PMCID: PMC11059361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Resilient individuals are less likely to develop psychiatric disorders despite extreme psychological distress. This study investigated the multimodal structural neural correlates of dispositional resilience among healthy individuals. Participants included 92 healthy individuals. The Korean version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and other psychological measures were used. Gray matter volumes (GMVs), cortical thickness, local gyrification index (LGI), and white matter (WM) microstructures were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry, FreeSurfer, and tract-based spatial statistics, respectively. Higher resilient individuals showed significantly higher GMVs in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), increased LGI in the insula, and lower fractional anisotropy values in the superior longitudinal fasciculus II (SLF II). These resilience's neural correlates were associated with good quality of life in physical functioning or general health and low levels of depression. Therefore, the GMVs in the IFG, LGI in the insula, and WM microstructures in the SLF II can be associated with resilience that contributes to emotional regulation, empathy, and social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Chongwon Pae
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea.
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O’Donnell M, Palinkas L. Taking a trauma and adversity perspective to climate change mental health. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2343509. [PMID: 38655669 PMCID: PMC11044762 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2343509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Journal of Psychotraumatology has had a long interest in advancing the science around climate change and traumatic stress. In this special issue, we include papers that responded to a special call in this area. Six major themes emerge from these papers and together they contribute to trauma and adversity model of the mental health impacts of climate change. We argue that, in addition to individual vulnerability factors, we must consider the (i) cumulative trauma burden that is associated with exposure to ongoing climate change-related impacts; (ii) impact of both direct and indirect stressors; (iii) individual and community protective factors. These factors can then guide intervention models of recovery and ongoing resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan O’Donnell
- Phoenix Australia – Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne
| | - Lawrence Palinkas
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California
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Zhang Y, Li S, Li R, Rong F, Yu W, Zhang Z, Wan Y. Effects of social-ecological risk factors and resilience on the relationship between metabolic metrics and mental health among young adults. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115909. [PMID: 38703563 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The correlation between metabolic metrics and mental health remains underexplored, with few in-depth studies examining whether this association exists among college students and whether it might be moderated by socio-ecological risk factors (SERFs) and mediated by resilience. A follow-up study design investigated the association between baseline metabolic metrics, SERFs and resilience and mental health. A multivariable linear regression model using the PROCESS method established the relationship of SERFs, resilience and metabolic metrics with mental health. Participants were 794 adolescents (mean age: 18.64 [±0.90] years). In multivariable linear regression, the high-level SERFs (β = 0.124), resilience (β = -0.042), LCI (β = 0.072), and RFM (β = 0.145) were associated with higher depression symptoms, while CVH (β = 0.602), TyG (β = 0.295), TyG-BMI (β = 0.004), and RC (β = -0.041) were not. An association was also observed between SERFs, resilience, RFM and anxiety. Resilience mediated the relationship between metabolic metrics and depression and anxiety, and SERFs moderated this relationship, demonstrating the relationship between resilience, metabolic metrics, SERFs and mental health. By revealing the potential sociological mechanism underlying the relationship between metabolic metrics and adolescents' mental health, this study provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the biological foundations of mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Rong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Weiqiang Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhisu Zhang
- General Hospital of Huainan Eastern Hospital Group, Huainan 232063, China.
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Gartland D, Nikolof A, Mensah F, Gee G, Glover K, Leane C, Carter H, Brown SJ. The Childhood Resilience Study: Resilience and emotional and behavioural wellbeing experienced by Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander boys and girls aged 5-9 years. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301620. [PMID: 38626131 PMCID: PMC11020770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience is a process of drawing on internal or external strengths to regain, sustain or improve adaptive outcomes despite adversity. Using a child resilience measure co-designed with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, we investigate: 1) children's personal, family, school and community strengths; 2) gender differences; and 3) associations between resilience and wellbeing. METHODS 1132 parent/caregivers of children aged 5-12 years were recruited to the Childhood Resilience Study, including through the Aboriginal Families Study. The Aboriginal Families Study is a population-based cohort of 344 mothers of an Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander child. This paper focuses on the wave 2 survey data on child resilience at age 5-9 years (n = 231). Resilience was assessed with the Child Resilience Questionnaire-parent/caregiver report (CRQ-P/C), categorised into tertiles of low, moderate and high scores. Child emotional/behavioural wellbeing and mental health competence was assessed with the parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. All Tobit regression models adjusted for child age. OUTCOMES Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander girls had higher resilience scores compared to boys (Adj.β = 0·9, 95%CI 0·9-1·4), with higher School Engagement, Friends and Connectedness to language scale scores. Resilience scores were strongly associated with wellbeing and high mental health competence. A higher proportion of girls with low resilience scores had positive wellbeing than did boys (73.3% versus 49.0%). High resilience scores were associated with lower SDQ total difficulties score after adjusting for child age, gender, maternal age and education and family location (major city, regional, remote) (Adj.β = -3.4, 95%CI -5.1, -1.7). Compared to the Childhood Resilience Study sample, Aboriginal Families Study children had higher mean CRQ-P/C scores in the personal and family domains. INTERPRETATION High family strengths can support Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children at both an individual and cultural level. Boys may benefit from added scaffolding by schools, family and communities to support their social and academic connectedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre Gartland
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Intergenerational Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arwen Nikolof
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Women’s and Kids Theme, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Fiona Mensah
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Intergenerational Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham Gee
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Intergenerational Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Glover
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Intergenerational Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Women’s and Kids Theme, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cathy Leane
- Women’s and Children’s Health Network, South Australia Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Heather Carter
- Department for Education, Aboriginal Education Directorate, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephanie Janne Brown
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Intergenerational Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Women’s and Kids Theme, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Cousino MK, Dusing CR, Rea KE, Glenn T, Armstrong B, Les AS, Hansen JE, Pasquali SK, Schumacher KR. Developing the WE BEAT Well-Being Education Programme to foster resilience and build connection in paediatric heart disease. Cardiol Young 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38622972 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951124000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes is of increasing focus in cardiovascular research. Despite the critical importance of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes in promoting optimal cardiac health, there have been very few psychological interventions directed towards children with heart disease. This paper describes the development and theoretical framework of the WE BEAT Wellbeing Education Program, a group-based psychoeducation and coping skills training intervention designed to improve psychological well-being and resilience in adolescents with paediatric heart disease. METHODS Program development was informed by patient and family needs and input gathered via large, international survey methods as well as qualitative investigation, a theoretical framework, and related resilience intervention research. RESULTS An overview of the WE BEAT intervention components and structure of the programme is provided. CONCLUSIONS The WE BEAT Wellbeing Education Program was developed as one of the first resiliency-focused interventions in paediatric heart disease with an overall objective to foster positive psychological well-being and resilient outcomes through a health promotion and prevention lens in an accessible format while providing access to safe, peer-to-peer community building. Feasibility pilot results are forthcoming. Future directions include mobile app-based delivery and larger-scale efficacy and implementation trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Cousino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Kelly E Rea
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Glenn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Blake Armstrong
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrea S Les
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jesse E Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sara K Pasquali
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kurt R Schumacher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Kassis W, Aksoy D, Favre CA, Arnold J, Gaugler S, Grafinger KE, Artz S, Magnuson D. On the complex relationship between resilience and hair cortisol levels in adolescence despite parental physical abuse: a fourth wave of resilience research. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1345844. [PMID: 38628259 PMCID: PMC11019004 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1345844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction To understand the family's role in adolescents' mental health development and the connection to neurodevelopmental disorders related to experienced parental physical abuse, we first explored resilience pathways longitudinally and secondly, connected the identified patterns to adolescents' hair cortisol levels that are rooted in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis as the main stress response system and connected brain structure alterations. Methods We analyzed longitudinal online questionnaire data for three consecutive high school years (from seventh to ninth grade) and four survey waves from a representative sample of n = 1609 high school students in Switzerland on violence-resilience pathways. Furthermore, we collected students' hair samples from a subsample of n = 229 at survey wave 4. About 30% of the participating adolescents had been physically abused by their parents. Out of the overall sample, we drew a subsample of adolescents with parental abuse experiences (survey wave 1 n = 509; survey wave 2 n = 506; survey wave 3 n = 561; survey wave 4 n = 560). Results Despite the odds, about 20-30% of adolescents who have experienced parental physical abuse escaped the family violence cycle and can be called resilient. By applying a person-oriented analytical approach via latent class and transition analysis, we longitudinally identified and compared four distinct violence-resilience patterns. We identified violence resilience as a multidimensional latent construct, which includes hedonic and eudaimonic protective and risk indicators. Because resilience should not solely be operationalized based on the lack of psychopathology, our latent construct included both feeling good (hedonic indicators such as high levels of self-esteem and low levels of depression/anxiety and dissociation) and doing well (eudaimonic indicators such as high levels of self-determination and self-efficacy as well as low levels of aggression toward peers). Discussion The present study confirmed that higher cortisol levels significantly relate to the comorbid pattern (internalizing and externalizing symptoms), and further confirmed the presence of lasting alterations in brain structures. In this way, we corroborated the insight that when studying the resilience pathways and trajectories of abused adolescents, biological markers such as hair cortisol significantly enhance and deepen the understanding of the longitudinal mechanisms of psychological markers (e.g., self-determination, self-esteem, self-efficacy) that are commonly applied in questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassilis Kassis
- School of Education, University of Applied Sciences, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Dilan Aksoy
- School of Education, University of Applied Sciences, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Céline Anne Favre
- School of Education, University of Applied Sciences, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Julia Arnold
- School of Education, University of Applied Sciences, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Gaugler
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | | | - Sibylle Artz
- School of Child and Youth Care, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Doug Magnuson
- Educational Psychology and Leadership Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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VanBronkhorst SB, Abraham E, Dambreville R, Ramos-Olazagasti MA, Wall M, Saunders DC, Monk C, Alegría M, Canino GJ, Bird H, Duarte CS. Sociocultural Risk and Resilience in the Context of Adverse Childhood Experiences. JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:406-413. [PMID: 38150238 PMCID: PMC10753442 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Importance Knowledge about childhood resilience factors relevant in circumstances of marginalization and high numbers of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can improve interventions. Objective To identify sociocultural resilience factors in childhood that are associated with better young adult mental health in the context of ACEs. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study examined 4 waves of data from the Boricua Youth Study, which included Puerto Rican children from the South Bronx, New York, and San Juan, Puerto Rico. Participants were aged 5 to 17 years at waves 1 through 3 (2000-2003) and aged 15 to 29 years at wave 4 (2013-2017). Linear and logistic regression models tested the associations of 7 childhood resilience factors and their interaction with ACEs on young adult mental health outcomes. Data were analyzed from June 2021 to October 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Perceived stress, major depressive disorder and/or generalized anxiety disorder (MDD/GAD), and substance use disorder (SUD) in young adulthood. Results Among a total 2004 participants, the mean (SD) age at wave 4 was 22.4 (2.9) years; 1024 participants (51.1%) were female, and 980 (48.9%) were male. Positive parent-child relationships and nonparental adult support during childhood were associated with both lower perceived stress (β = -0.14; SE = 0.02; P < .001; β = -0.08; SE = 0.03; P = .003, respectively) and lower odds of MDD/GAD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.97; aOR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.95, respectively) in young adulthood. Maternal warmth reported during childhood was also associated with lower young adult perceived stress (β = -0.11; SE = 0.02; P < .001). None of the resilience factors were associated with SUD. The resilience factors familism, friendships, and family religiosity were not associated with any of the mental health outcomes. ACEs were associated with poorer mental health outcomes; however, none of the resilience factors exhibited interactions consistent with being protective for ACEs. Unexpectedly, higher family religiosity was associated with more perceived stress in the presence of higher ACEs. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this study suggest that promoting positive relationships with adults during childhood may reduce later young adulthood stress and MDD/GAD. However, there is still a need to identify sociocultural childhood protective factors for ACEs. Caution should be taken in assuming what resilience factors are relevant for a given group, as higher family religiosity (one postulated resilience factor) was unexpectedly associated with a stronger, rather than a weaker, association between ACEs and perceived stress in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara B VanBronkhorst
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Eyal Abraham
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Renald Dambreville
- Area Mental Health Data Science, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Maria A Ramos-Olazagasti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
- Child Trends, Hispanic Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Melanie Wall
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Area Mental Health Data Science, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - David C Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Catherine Monk
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Hector Bird
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Cristiane S Duarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
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Vreeker A, Horsfall M, Eikelenboom M, Beerthuizen A, Bergink V, Boks MPM, Hartman CA, de Koning R, de Leeuw M, Maciejewski DF, Penninx BWJH, Hillegers MHJ. The Mood and Resilience in Offspring (MARIO) project: a longitudinal cohort study among offspring of parents with and without a mood disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:227. [PMID: 38532386 PMCID: PMC10967130 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most robust risk factors for developing a mood disorder is having a parent with a mood disorder. Unfortunately, mechanisms explaining the transmission of mood disorders from one generation to the next remain largely elusive. Since timely intervention is associated with a better outcome and prognosis, early detection of intergenerational transmission of mood disorders is of paramount importance. Here, we describe the design of the Mood and Resilience in Offspring (MARIO) cohort study in which we investigate: 1. differences in clinical, biological and environmental (e.g., psychosocial factors, substance use or stressful life events) risk and resilience factors in children of parents with and without mood disorders, and 2. mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of mood disorders via clinical, biological and environmental risk and resilience factors. METHODS MARIO is an observational, longitudinal cohort study that aims to include 450 offspring of parents with a mood disorder (uni- or bipolar mood disorders) and 100-150 offspring of parents without a mood disorder aged 10-25 years. Power analyses indicate that this sample size is sufficient to detect small to medium sized effects. Offspring are recruited via existing Dutch studies involving patients with a mood disorder and healthy controls, for which detailed clinical, environmental and biological data of the index-parent (i.e., the initially identified parent with or without a mood disorder) is available. Over a period of three years, four assessments will take place, in which extensive clinical, biological and environmental data and data on risk and resilience are collected through e.g., blood sampling, face-to-face interviews, online questionnaires, actigraphy and Experience Sampling Method assessment. For co-parents, information on demographics, mental disorder status and a DNA-sample are collected. DISCUSSION The MARIO cohort study is a large longitudinal cohort study among offspring of parents with and without mood disorders. A unique aspect is the collection of granular data on clinical, biological and environmental risk and resilience factors in offspring, in addition to available parental data on many similar factors. We aim to investigate the mechanisms underlying intergenerational transmission of mood disorders, which will ultimately lead to better outcomes for offspring at high familial risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Vreeker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Melany Horsfall
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Merijn Eikelenboom
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemerle Beerthuizen
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle Bergink
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco P M Boks
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ricki de Koning
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max de Leeuw
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Mental Health Care Rivierduinen, Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon H J Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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46
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Masten AS. Emergence and evolution of developmental resilience science over half a century. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38456302 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This reflection on the history and future of developmental resilience science (DRS) highlights its co-emergence with developmental psychopathology (DP), as well as the roles of this journal and its founding editor, Dante Cicchetti, in the evolution of these intertwined domains of scholarship. A remarkable constellation of scholars at the University of Minnesota shaped the course of both conceptual frameworks and their dissemination. I describe fundamental assumptions common to DP and DRS frameworks that reflect their common roots and the pervasive influence of systems theory on developmental science. I describe four waves of DRS and key principles of DRS at the present time. In conclusion, I consider the possibility that a fifth wave of DRS is emerging with a focus on understanding patterns of multisystem, multilevel processes of resilience and their implications for interventions in the context of interacting, interdependent, and complex adaptive systems. I close this commentary with questions for future research and a hopeful outlook on the future of human resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann S Masten
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Gargano MC, DiBiase CE, Miller-Graff LE. What words can tell us about social determinants of mental health: A multi-method analysis of sentiment towards migration experiences and community life in Lima, Perú. Transcult Psychiatry 2024:13634615231213837. [PMID: 38454760 DOI: 10.1177/13634615231213837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
To support resilience in contexts of migration, a deeper understanding of the experiences of both receiving communities and migrants is required. Research on the impacts of migration on community life is limited in contexts with high internal migration (i.e., migrating within one's country of origin). Evidence suggests that cultural similarity, community relationships, and access to resources may be protective factors that could be leveraged to support the mental health of internal migrants. The current study uses data drawn from a sample of pregnant Peruvian women (N = 251), 87 of whom reported being internal migrants and 164 of whom reported being from the locale of the study (Lima, Perú). The aim was to better understand the social experience of internal migration for both local and migrant women. Inductive thematic analysis was used to examine migration experience and perceived impact of migration on community life. Internal migrants discussed three themes relative to their experiences: motivations, adjustment, and challenges. Experiences of women in receiving communities consisted of four themes related to migration: positive, negative, neutral, and mixed perceptions. Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC-22) software was also used to assess sentiment towards migration. Across both analytic methods, migration motivations and perceptions were multifaceted and migrants reported a wide range of challenges before, during, and after migration. Findings indicated that attitudes toward migration are broadly positive, and that there is a more positive appraisal of migration's impact on the community life for internal as opposed to international migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Caterina Gargano
- Department of Psychology and Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame
| | | | - Laura E Miller-Graff
- Department of Psychology and Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame
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Napoleon JS, Weva VK, Evans DW, Namdari R, Francois T, Sherman J, Morisseau N, Lafontant E, Atkinson K, Miller S, Kidd SA, Burack JA. Rethinking narratives about youth experiencing homelessness: The influence of self-determined motivation and peer relations on coping. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 52:382-398. [PMID: 38031717 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Using the cognitive appraisal theory of coping and the self-determination theory of motivation, we examined the shared variance of motivational orientations, attachment relationships, and gender on adaptive and maladaptive coping among youth experiencing homelessness. Several scales including The Global Motivation Scale (assessing motivational orientations; i.e., autonomous and controlled motivation), the Brief Cope (adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies), and the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (self-perceptions of relationships with mothers, fathers, and peers) were administered to 102 youth aged between 16 and 24 (Mage = 20, SD = 2.07) years recruited from an evening program for youth experiencing homelessness in Montreal, Canada. Autonomous motivation was positively associated with engagement in effective coping strategies, while controlled motivation was positively linked to maladaptive coping. Moderation analyses were used to examine whether gender and relationships with attachment figures moderated the relationship between motivation and coping. A significant main effect of peer attachment on adaptive coping emerged, in which greater peer attachment was related to more adaptive coping among the youth. No interaction effects resulted. Although no significant moderating effects were associated with essential relationships and gender, further research implementing a more nuanced approach to assessing the interaction between these constructs may be warranted. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of intervention programs for youth experiencing homelessness, that focus on enhancing autonomous motivation and utilizing peer support to optimize the use of adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa K Weva
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - David W Evans
- Neuroscience Program, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania and Clare Hall College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reyhane Namdari
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristi Atkinson
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sydney Miller
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sean A Kidd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jacob A Burack
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Liu Z, Jia C, Yue L, Zhou Y, Wang S, Yao N. Care stressors and perceived stress among family caregivers of Chinese older adults with disabilities: The mediation effect of resilience. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 56:252-258. [PMID: 38387149 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Guided by the Stress Process Model, this study examined the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between care stressors and perceived caregiving stress. METHODS Data were based on 234 older adults with disabilities and their caregivers from 6 urban districts and 6 rural counties from Jinan, China. Descriptive analysis, analysis of variance, ordinary least squares regression, and mediation analysis were performed. RESULTS Perceived stress among family caregivers of Chinese older adults with disabilities was affected by the physical and mental health of both themselves and the care recipients, as well as care intensity and financial difficulties. Resilience played a partial mediating role in the associations among three stressors (i.e. older adults' disability levels, number of chronic diseases, and caregivers' self-reported mental) and perceived caregiving stress. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced resilience aids caregivers' adaptation to their roles, suggesting the need for societal, spiritual, emotional, and behavioral resilience training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Congxi Jia
- Weifang Health Supervision Institute, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Lirong Yue
- Jinzhong Development and Reform Commission, Jin Zhong, Shanxi, 030600, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhou
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78705, USA
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section I, Second Ring Road, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Nengliang Yao
- Home Centered Care Institute, Schaumburg, IL, 60173, USA
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Chen E, Jiang T, Chen MA, Miller GE. Reflections on resilience. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38389301 PMCID: PMC11341778 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Resilience research has long sought to understand how factors at the child, family, school, community, and societal levels shape adaptation in the face of adversities such as poverty and war. In this article we reflect on three themes that may prove to be useful for future resilience research. First is the idea that mental and physical health can sometimes diverge, even in response to the same social process. A better understanding of explanations for this divergence will have both theoretical and public health implications when it comes to efforts to promote resilience. Second is that more recent models of stress suggest that stress can accelerate aging. Thus, we suggest that research on resilience may need to also consider how resilience strategies may need to be developed in an accelerated fashion to be effective. Third, we suggest that if psychological resilience interventions can be conducted in conjunction with efforts to enact system-level changes targeted at adversities, this may synergize the impact that any single intervention can have, creating a more coordinated and effective set of approaches for promoting resilience in young people who confront adversity in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Chen
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Michelle A Chen
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Gregory E Miller
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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