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Koehler FC, Späth MR, Meyer AM, Müller RU. Fueling the success of transplantation through nutrition: recent insights into nutritional interventions, their interplay with gut microbiota and cellular mechanisms. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2024; 29:284-293. [PMID: 38861189 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000001159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The role of nutrition in organ health including solid organ transplantation is broadly accepted, but robust data on nutritional regimens remains scarce calling for further investigation of specific dietary approaches at the different stages of organ transplantation. This review gives an update on the latest insights into nutritional interventions highlighting the potential of specific dietary regimens prior to transplantation aiming for organ protection and the interplay between dietary intake and gut microbiota. RECENT FINDINGS Nutrition holds the potential to optimize patients' health prior to and after surgery, it may enhance patients' ability to cope with the procedure-associated stress and it may accelerate their recovery from surgery. Nutrition helps to reduce morbidity and mortality in addition to preserve graft function. In the case of living organ donation, dietary preconditioning strategies promise novel approaches to limit ischemic organ damage during transplantation and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms of diet-induced organ protection. Functioning gut microbiota are required to limit systemic inflammation and to generate protective metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids or hydrogen sulfide. SUMMARY Nutritional intervention is a promising therapeutic concept including the pre- and rehabilitation stage in order to improve the recipients' outcome after solid organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix C Koehler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne
- CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin R Späth
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne
- CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna M Meyer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne
- CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Hou C, Shi H, Xiao J, Song X, Luo Z, Ma X, Shi L, Wei H, Li J. Pomegranate Juice Supplemented with Inulin Modulates Gut Microbiota and Promotes the Production of Microbiota-Associated Metabolites in Overweight/Obese Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14663-14677. [PMID: 38887904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Pomegranate juice (PJ) and inulin have been reported to ameliorate diet-induced metabolic disorders by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, there was a lack of clinical evidence for the combined effects of PJ and inulin on regulating gut microbiota in individuals with metabolic disorders. A double-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted, and 68 overweight/obese individuals (25 ≤ BMI ≤ 35 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to receive 200 mL/d PJ, PJ supplemented with inulin, or placebo for 3 weeks. Our results showed that PJ and PJ+inulin did not significantly alter the levels of anthropometric and blood biochemical indicators after 3 weeks of treatment. However, there was an increasingly significant impact from placebo to PJ to PJ+inulin on the composition of gut microbiota. Detailed bacterial abundance analysis further showed that PJ+inulin treatment more profoundly resulted in significant changes in the abundance of gut microbiota at each taxonomic level than PJ. Moreover, PJ+inulin treatment also promoted the production of microbiota-associated short-chain fatty acids and pomegranate polyphenol metabolites, which correlated with the abundance of the bacterial genus. Our results suggested that PJ supplemented with inulin modulates gut microbiota composition and thus promotes the production of microbiota-associated metabolites that exert potential beneficial effects in overweight/obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hou
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Haidan Shi
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zhuoting Luo
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xing Ma
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lin Shi
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Hongliang Wei
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jianke Li
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Vliex LMM, Penders J, Nauta A, Zoetendal EG, Blaak EE. The individual response to antibiotics and diet - insights into gut microbial resilience and host metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:387-398. [PMID: 38486011 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic use disrupts microbial composition and activity in humans, but whether this disruption in turn affects host metabolic health is unclear. Cohort studies show associations between antibiotic use and an increased risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we review available clinical trials and show the disruptive effect of antibiotic use on the gut microbiome in humans, as well as its impact on bile acid metabolism and microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. Placebo-controlled human studies do not show a consistent effect of antibiotic use on body weight and insulin sensitivity at a population level, but rather an individual-specific or subgroup-specific response. This response to antibiotic use is affected by the resistance and resilience of the gut microbiome, factors that determine the extent of disruption and the speed of recovery afterwards. Nutritional strategies to improve the composition and functionality of the gut microbiome, as well as its recovery after antibiotic use (for instance, with prebiotics), require a personalized approach to increase their efficacy. Improved insights into key factors that influence the individual-specific response to antibiotics and dietary intervention may lead to better efficacy in reversing or preventing antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis as well as strategies for preventing cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars M M Vliex
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Nauta
- FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin G Zoetendal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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4
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Armah A, Jackson C, Kolba N, Gracey PR, Shukla V, Padilla-Zakour OI, Warkentin T, Tako E. Effects of Pea ( Pisum sativum) Prebiotics on Intestinal Iron-Related Proteins and Microbial Populations In Vivo ( Gallus gallus). Nutrients 2024; 16:1856. [PMID: 38931211 PMCID: PMC11206367 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency remains a public health challenge globally. Prebiotics have the potential to improve iron bioavailability by modulating intestinal bacterial population, increasing SCFA production, and stimulating expression of brush border membrane (BBM) iron transport proteins among iron-deficient populations. This study intended to investigate the potential effects of soluble extracts from the cotyledon and seed coat of three pea (Pisum sativum) varieties (CDC Striker, CDC Dakota, and CDC Meadow) on the expression of BBM iron-related proteins (DCYTB and DMT1) and populations of beneficial intestinal bacteria in vivo using the Gallus gallus model by oral gavage (one day old chicks) with 1 mL of 50 mg/mL pea soluble extract solutions. The seed coat treatment groups increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium compared to the cotyledon treatment groups, with CDC Dakota seed coat (dark brown pigmented) recording the highest relative abundance of Bifidobacterium. In contrast, CDC Striker Cotyledon (dark-green-pigmented) significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (p < 0.05). Subsequently, the two dark-pigmented treatment groups (CDC Striker Cotyledon and CDC Dakota seed coats) recorded the highest expression of DCYTB. Our study suggests that soluble extracts from the pea seed coat and dark-pigmented pea cotyledon may improve iron bioavailability by affecting intestinal bacterial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Armah
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (A.A.); (C.J.); (N.K.); (P.R.G.); (V.S.); (O.I.P.-Z.)
| | - Cydney Jackson
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (A.A.); (C.J.); (N.K.); (P.R.G.); (V.S.); (O.I.P.-Z.)
| | - Nikolai Kolba
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (A.A.); (C.J.); (N.K.); (P.R.G.); (V.S.); (O.I.P.-Z.)
| | - Peter R. Gracey
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (A.A.); (C.J.); (N.K.); (P.R.G.); (V.S.); (O.I.P.-Z.)
| | - Viral Shukla
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (A.A.); (C.J.); (N.K.); (P.R.G.); (V.S.); (O.I.P.-Z.)
| | - Olga I. Padilla-Zakour
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (A.A.); (C.J.); (N.K.); (P.R.G.); (V.S.); (O.I.P.-Z.)
| | - Tom Warkentin
- Crop Development Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada;
| | - Elad Tako
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (A.A.); (C.J.); (N.K.); (P.R.G.); (V.S.); (O.I.P.-Z.)
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García-Milla P, Peñalver R, Nieto G. Formulation and Physical-Chemical Analysis of Functional Muffin Made with Inulin, Moringa, and Cacao Adapted for Elderly People with Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:683. [PMID: 38929120 PMCID: PMC11200759 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects people's health. Constipation is probably one of the most prominent gastrointestinal symptoms (non-motor symptoms) of PD with devastating consequences. The aim of this research work is to formulate a functional food product, supplemented with inulin, cocoa, and Moringa, which can be an adjuvant in the treatment of constipation. The product was prepared according to a muffin or "Chilean cake" recipe; this basic muffin was prepared with additions of inulin (MI), inulin + cacao (MIC), and inulin + Moringa (MIM). A physical-chemical analysis of the macronutrients and an antioxidant capacity assessment of the samples were conducted, as well as a sensory evaluation performed by a group of people suffering from Parkinson's disease. A statistically significant difference was observed in the soluble (p = 0.0023) and insoluble (p = 0.0015) fiber values between the control samples and all samples. Furthermore, inulin + cacao improved the antioxidant capacity and folate intake compared to the control. Inulin alone has been shown to have antioxidant capacity according to ABTS (262.5728 ± 34.74 μmol TE/g) and DPPH (9.092518 ± 10.43 μmol TE/g) assays. A sensory evaluation showed a preference for the product with inulin and for the product with inulin + cacao, with a 78% purchase intention being reported by the subjects who evaluated the products. The incorporation of inulin and cacao improved the nutritional value of the muffins; the dietary fiber, antioxidant capacity and folate content are some of the features that stood out. A bakery product enriched with inulin, cocoa and Moringa could serve as a nutritional strategy to enhance nutritional value, thus helping in the treatment of constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula García-Milla
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (R.P.)
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500975, Chile
| | - Rocío Peñalver
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (R.P.)
| | - Gema Nieto
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (R.P.)
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Tian R, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Chen W, Zhai Q. Effect of inulin, galacto-oligosaccharides, and polyphenols on the gut microbiota, with a focus on Akkermansia muciniphila. Food Funct 2024; 15:4763-4772. [PMID: 38590256 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00428k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Inulins, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and polyphenols are considered to stimulate the growth of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) in the gut. We performed a meta-analysis of six microbiome studies (821 stool samples from 451 participants) to assess the effects of inulin, GOS, and polyphenols on the abundance of A. muciniphila in the gut. The intervention of GOS increased the relative abundance of A. muciniphila in healthy participants. Additionally, metabolic pathways associated with carbohydrate metabolism and short-chain fatty acid release were enriched following the GOS intervention. Furthermore, after the GOS intervention, the coexisting microbial communities of A. muciniphila, such as Eubacterium hallii and Bacteroides, exhibited an enhanced correlation with A. muciniphila. In conclusion, our findings suggest that GOS may promote the growth of A. muciniphila in the gut by modulating the gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruocen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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7
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An R, Zhou X, Zhang J, Yang Y, Lyu C, Wang D. Restoration of Intestinal Microbiota After Inulin Supplementation Halted: The Secondary Effect of Supplemented Inulin. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400033. [PMID: 38483096 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Consumption of inulin could affect the intestinal microbiota composition. Hereby, it is aimed to investigate the intestinal microbial community restoration process when the inulin supplementation is terminated (i.e., the secondary effect). METHODS AND RESULTS The current study investigates the response and restoration of intestinal microbiota to/after high (Inulin-H) and low (Inulin-L) dosage of inulin supplementation or sequential antibiotics and inulin (Anti-Inulin-L) supplementation, based on analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences in C57BL/6 mice. The number of significantly changed genera in response to inulin is highest in Anti-Inulin-L (n = 66) group, followed by Inulin-H (n = 51) and Inulin-L (n = 38) group. After inulin supplementation stops, microbiota of all studied groups tend to recover to their original states, with highest percentage of inulin-responding microbes stay significantly different at Anti-Inulin-L (93.94%) group, followed by Inulin-H (74.51%) and Inulin-L (44.12%) groups. Of note, the relative abundance of some non-inulin-responding taxa significantly increases during restoration. CONCLUSION Sequential antibiotics and inulin supplementation induce greatest changes in the intestinal microbial composition, followed by high and low dosage of inulin. Additionally, the changes induce by supplemented inulin in the intestinal microbial community, provide a chance for some microbes to outcompete the other microbes during the spontaneous restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xilong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy and Food Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China, Jiangchang West Road 1518, Shanghai, 200436, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chengang Lyu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Qin X, Fang Z, Zhang J, Zhao W, Zheng N, Wang X. Regulatory effect of Ganoderma lucidum and its active components on gut flora in diseases. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1362479. [PMID: 38572237 PMCID: PMC10990249 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1362479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Driven by the good developmental potential and favorable environment at this stage, Ganoderma lucidum is recognized as a precious large fungus with medicinal and nutritional health care values. Among them, polysaccharides, triterpenoids, oligosaccharides, trace elements, etc. are important bioactive components in G. lucidum. These bioactive components will have an impact on gut flora, thus alleviating diseases such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and obesity caused by gut flora disorder. While numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of G. lucidum and its active components to regulate gut flora, a systematic review of this mechanism is currently lacking. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the regulatory effects of G. lucidum and its active components on gut flora in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and renal metabolic diseases, and summarize the research progress of G. lucidum active components in improving related diseases by regulating gut flora. Additionally, review delves into the principle by which G. lucidum and its active components can treat or assist treat diseases by regulating gut flora. The research progress of G. lucidum in intestinal tract and its potential in medicine, health food and clinical application were fully explored for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Qin
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Zinan Fang
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Jinkang Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Ni Zheng
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoe Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Key Field of Social Sciences (Food Industry) Research Base, Changchun, China
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Schoeler M, Chakaroun R, Brolin H, Larsson I, Perkins R, Marschall HU, Caesar R, Bäckhed F. Moderate variations in the human diet impact the gut microbiota in humanized mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14100. [PMID: 38258357 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM Drastic diet interventions have been shown to promote rapid and significant compositional changes of the gut microbiota, but the impact of moderate diet variations is less clear. Here, we aimed to clarify the impact of moderate diet variations that remain within the spectrum of the habitual human diet on gut microbiota composition. METHODS We performed a pilot diet intervention where five healthy volunteers consumed a vegetarian ready-made meal for three days to standardize dietary intake before switching to a meat-based ready-made western-style meal and high sugar drink for two days. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing from daily fecal sampling to assess gut microbiota changes caused by the intervention diet. Furthermore, we used the volunteers' fecal samples to colonize germ-free mice that were fed the same sterilized diets to study the effect of a moderate diet intervention on the gut microbiota in a setting of reduced interindividual variation. RESULTS In the human intervention, we found that fecal microbiota composition varied between and within individuals regardless of diet. However, when we fed the same diets to mice colonized with the study participants' feces, we observed significant, often donor-specific, changes in the mouse microbiota following this moderate diet intervention. CONCLUSION Moderate variations in the habitual human diet have the potential to alter the gut microbiota. Feeding humanized mice human diets may facilitate our understanding of individual human gut microbiota responses to moderate dietary changes and help improve individualized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Schoeler
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Harald Brolin
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Larsson
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Unit of Clinical Nutrition and the Regional Obesity Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rosie Perkins
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Marschall
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Caesar
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Ni Lochlainn M, Bowyer RCE, Moll JM, García MP, Wadge S, Baleanu AF, Nessa A, Sheedy A, Akdag G, Hart D, Raffaele G, Seed PT, Murphy C, Harridge SDR, Welch AA, Greig C, Whelan K, Steves CJ. Effect of gut microbiome modulation on muscle function and cognition: the PROMOTe randomised controlled trial. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1859. [PMID: 38424099 PMCID: PMC10904794 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that inducing gut microbiota changes may alter both muscle physiology and cognitive behaviour. Gut microbiota may play a role in both anabolic resistance of older muscle, and cognition. In this placebo controlled double blinded randomised controlled trial of 36 twin pairs (72 individuals), aged ≥60, each twin pair are block randomised to receive either placebo or prebiotic daily for 12 weeks. Resistance exercise and branched chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation is prescribed to all participants. Outcomes are physical function and cognition. The trial is carried out remotely using video visits, online questionnaires and cognitive testing, and posting of equipment and biological samples. The prebiotic supplement is well tolerated and results in a changed gut microbiome [e.g., increased relative Bifidobacterium abundance]. There is no significant difference between prebiotic and placebo for the primary outcome of chair rise time (β = 0.579; 95% CI -1.080-2.239 p = 0.494). The prebiotic improves cognition (factor score versus placebo (β = -0.482; 95% CI,-0.813, -0.141; p = 0.014)). Our results demonstrate that cheap and readily available gut microbiome interventions may improve cognition in our ageing population. We illustrate the feasibility of remotely delivered trials for older people, which could reduce under-representation of older people in clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04309292.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ni Lochlainn
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Ruth C E Bowyer
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | | | - María Paz García
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Samuel Wadge
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Andrei-Florin Baleanu
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Ayrun Nessa
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Alyce Sheedy
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Gulsah Akdag
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Deborah Hart
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Giulia Raffaele
- GKT School of Medical Education, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul T Seed
- Unit for Medical Statistics/Department for Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Caroline Murphy
- King's Clinical Trials Unit, Research Management and Innovation Directorate, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen D R Harridge
- Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ailsa A Welch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Carolyn Greig
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kevin Whelan
- King's College London, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Franklin Wilkins Building, SE1 9NH, London, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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11
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Talukdar JR, Cooper M, Lyutvyn L, Zeraatkar D, Ali R, Berbrier R, Janes S, Ha V, Darling PB, Xue M, Chu A, Chowdhury F, Harnack HE, Huang L, Malik M, Powless J, Lavergne FV, Zhang X, Ehrlich S, Jenkins DJ, Sievenpiper JL, Banfield L, Mbuagbaw L, de Souza RJ. The effects of inulin-type fructans on cardiovascular disease risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:496-510. [PMID: 38309832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inulin-type fructans (ITF) are the leading prebiotics in the market. Available evidence provides conflicting results regarding the beneficial effects of ITF on cardiovascular disease risk factors. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ITF supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Emcare, AMED, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases from inception through May 15, 2022. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) administered ITF or placebo (for example, control, foods, diets) to adults for ≥2 weeks and reported one or more of the following: low, very-low, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, VLDL-C, HDL-C); total cholesterol; apolipoprotein A1 or B; triglycerides; fasting blood glucose; body mass index; body weight; waist circumference; waist-to-hip ratio; systolic or diastolic blood pressure; or hemoglobin A1c. Two reviewers independently and in duplicate screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We pooled data using random-effects model, and assessed the certainty of evidence (CoE) using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. RESULTS We identified 1767 studies and included 55 RCTs with 2518 participants in meta-analyses. The pooled estimate showed that ITF supplementation reduced LDL-C [mean difference (MD) -0.14 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval (95% CI: -0.24, -0.05), 38 RCTs, 1879 participants, very low CoE], triglycerides (MD -0.06 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.12, -0.01, 40 RCTs, 1732 participants, low CoE), and body weight (MD -0.97 kg, 95% CI: -1.28, -0.66, 36 RCTs, 1672 participants, low CoE) but little to no significant effect on other cardiovascular disease risk factors. The effects were larger when study duration was ≥6 weeks and in pre-obese and obese participants. CONCLUSION ITF may reduce low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and body weight. However, due to low to very low CoE, further well-designed and executed trials are needed to confirm these effects. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019136745.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhalok Ronjan Talukdar
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Cooper
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lyuba Lyutvyn
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dena Zeraatkar
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rahim Ali
- Faculty of Law, Common Law Section, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Berbrier
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabrina Janes
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa Ha
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Pauline B Darling
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mike Xue
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandro Chu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Fariha Chowdhury
- Department of Rehabilitation Science(s), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Hope E Harnack
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Louise Huang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mikail Malik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jacqui Powless
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Florence V Lavergne
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shelley Ehrlich
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - David Ja Jenkins
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Global Health Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lawrence Mbuagbaw
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Biostatistics Unit, Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Development of Best Practices in Health (CDBPH), Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Global Health Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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12
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Ravenwood B, Coad J, Barnes MJ. A comparison of the effects of sheep's milk and cow's milk on recovery from eccentric exercise. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 5:1335434. [PMID: 38274033 PMCID: PMC10808620 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1335434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction When consumed after eccentric exercise, cow's milk has been shown to improve recovery and alleviate symptoms of exercise induced muscle damage. Although currently less commercially available than cow's milk, sheep's milk may offer similar or greater benefits for recovery as it is higher in protein and energy; however, the effect of sheep's milk in any exercise context has not been explored. This study compared the effects of a sheep's milk beverage and a cow's milk beverage on recovery from strenuous eccentric exercise. Additionally, the effects of each beverage on satiety and gastrointestinal comfort were assessed. Methods Ten healthy males completed baseline measures of perceived muscle soreness and maximal voluntary concentric, eccentric, and isometric quadriceps force of one leg before completing 200 maximal eccentric knee extensions on an isokinetic dynamometer. Measures were repeated 0.5, 24, 48 and 72 h post-eccentric exercise. After 0.5 h measures, participants consumed either 450 ml of chocolate flavored sheep's milk or chocolate flavored cow's milk. Following a washout period, participants completed a second trial on the contralateral leg and consumed the other beverage. Additionally, a satiety and gastrointestinal comfort questionnaire was completed before and after each beverage was consumed. Results Eccentric exercise brought about a significant decrease in muscle function over time (all P < 0.012). No difference between treatments (all P > 0.097) was found. Measures of muscle soreness increased over time (all P < 0.002), however no difference was observed between treatments (all P > 0.072). Only sheep's milk altered perceived satiety, however, only the response to "How full do you feel" differed between treatments (P = 0.04). Discussion The results of this study suggest that consuming sheep's milk may provide similar benefits as cow's milk when recovering from exercise-induced muscle damage. While these findings provide initial support for the use of sheep's milk in a muscle recovery context, further research is warranted to confirm these findings. Given its superior nutritional profile, greater impact on satiety and lower environment impact, sheep's milk may be a more efficient post-exercise recovery beverage, compared to cow's milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ravenwood
- School of Sport, Exercise & Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jane Coad
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Matthew J. Barnes
- School of Sport, Exercise & Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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13
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Devarakonda SLS, Superdock DK, Ren J, Johnson LM, Loinard-González A(AP, Poole AC. Gut microbial features and dietary fiber intake predict gut microbiota response to resistant starch supplementation. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2367301. [PMID: 38913541 PMCID: PMC11197919 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2367301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) consumption can have beneficial effects on metabolic health, but the response, in terms of effects on the gut microbiota and host physiology, varies between individuals. Factors predicting the response to RS are not yet established and would be useful for developing precision nutrition approaches that maximize the benefits of dietary fiber intake. We sought to identify predictors of gut microbiota response to RS supplementation. We enrolled 76 healthy adults into a 7-week crossover study with 59 individuals completing the study. Participants consumed RS type 2 (RS2), RS type 4 (RS4), and digestible starch, for 10 d each with 5-d washout periods in between. We collected fecal and saliva samples and food records during each treatment period. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and measured fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), salivary amylase (AMY1) gene copy number, and salivary amylase activity (SAA). Dietary fiber intake was predictive of the relative abundance of several amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) at the end of both RS treatments. AMY1-related metrics were not predictive of response to RS. SAA was only predictive of the relative abundance of one ASV after digestible starch supplementation. Interestingly, SCFA concentrations increased the most during digestible starch supplementation. Treatment order (the order of consumption of RS2 and RS4), alpha diversity, and a subset of ASVs were predictive of SCFA changes after RS supplementation. Based on our findings, dietary fiber intake and gut microbiome composition would be informative if assessed prior to recommending RS supplementation because these data can be used to predict changes in specific ASVs and fecal SCFA concentrations. These findings lay a foundation to support the premise that using a precision nutrition approach to optimize the benefits of dietary fibers such as RS could be an effective strategy to compensate for the low consumption of dietary fiber nationwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer Ren
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Lynn M. Johnson
- Cornell Statistical Consulting Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Angela C. Poole
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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14
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Pi XE, Fu H, Yang XX, Yu ZC, Teng WL, Zhang Y, Ye XW, Quan HH, Lu LZ, Liu W. Bacterial, short-chain fatty acid and gas profiles of partially hydrolyzed guar gum in vitro fermentation by human fecal microbiota. Food Chem 2024; 430:137006. [PMID: 37541036 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates with different structures have metabolic differences in the human body, as well as individual differences. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of bacterial, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gas profiles of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) on the fecal microbiota of 41 Chinese individuals by simulated fermentation in vitro. Results showed that PHGG stimulated the growth of Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium, inhibited the growth of Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella, and Dorea, and induced the production of fermentation gases (CO2, and H2) and SCFAs (acetic acid, butyric acid). Furthermore, Bifidobacterium was significantly increased in the young female and the old male-originated samples, while Klebsiella was significantly decreased in the old female ones after PHGG intervention, and there were also certain differences in gases and SCFAs among different population samples. These findings indicate that PHGG can modulate gut microbiota and metabolism well, whereas its use varies in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-E Pi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Hao Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zai-Chun Yu
- College of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wei-Lin Teng
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yinjun Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xue-Wei Ye
- Shulan International Medical College, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Hui Hui Quan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Li-Zhi Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
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15
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Duncanson K, Williams G, Hoedt EC, Collins CE, Keely S, Talley NJ. Diet-microbiota associations in gastrointestinal research: a systematic review. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2350785. [PMID: 38725230 PMCID: PMC11093048 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between diet and gastrointestinal microbiota influence health status and outcomes. Evaluating these relationships requires accurate quantification of dietary variables relevant to microbial metabolism, however current dietary assessment methods focus on dietary components relevant to human digestion only. The aim of this study was to synthesize research on foods and nutrients that influence human gut microbiota and thereby identify knowledge gaps to inform dietary assessment advancements toward better understanding of diet-microbiota interactions. Thirty-eight systematic reviews and 106 primary studies reported on human diet-microbiota associations. Dietary factors altering colonic microbiota included dietary patterns, macronutrients, micronutrients, bioactive compounds, and food additives. Reported diet-microbiota associations were dominated by routinely analyzed nutrients, which are absorbed from the small intestine but analyzed for correlation to stool microbiota. Dietary derived microbiota-relevant nutrients are more challenging to quantify and underrepresented in included studies. This evidence synthesis highlights advancements needed, including opportunities for expansion of food composition databases to include microbiota-relevant data, particularly for human intervention studies. These advances in dietary assessment methodology will facilitate translation of microbiota-specific nutrition therapy to practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerith Duncanson
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine & Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina Williams
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine & Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily C. Hoedt
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare E. Collins
- Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine & Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Talley
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine & Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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16
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Poto R, Fusco W, Rinninella E, Cintoni M, Kaitsas F, Raoul P, Caruso C, Mele MC, Varricchi G, Gasbarrini A, Cammarota G, Ianiro G. The Role of Gut Microbiota and Leaky Gut in the Pathogenesis of Food Allergy. Nutrients 2023; 16:92. [PMID: 38201921 PMCID: PMC10780391 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) is a growing public health concern, with an increasing prevalence in Western countries. Increasing evidence suggests that the balance of human gut microbiota and the integrity of our intestinal barrier may play roles in the development of FA. Environmental factors, including industrialization and consumption of highly processed food, can contribute to altering the gut microbiota and the intestinal barrier, increasing the susceptibility to allergic sensitization. Compositional and functional alterations to the gut microbiome have also been associated with FA. In addition, increased permeability of the gut barrier allows the translocation of allergenic molecules, triggering Th2 immune responses. Preclinical and clinical studies have highlighted the potential of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in the prevention and treatment of FA through enhancing gut barrier function and promoting the restoration of healthy gut microbiota. Finally, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is now being explored as a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent FA in both experimental and clinical studies. In this review article, we aim to explore the complex interplay between intestinal permeability and gut microbiota in the development of FA, as well as depict potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (G.V.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - William Fusco
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOSD DH Internal Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rinninella
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cintoni
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Kaitsas
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Pauline Raoul
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Caruso
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOSD DH Internal Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mele
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.P.); (G.V.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOSD DH Internal Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOSD DH Internal Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy (E.R.); (M.C.); (F.K.); (P.R.); (C.C.); (M.C.M.); (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOSD DH Internal Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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17
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Riva A, Rasoulimehrabani H, Cruz-Rubio JM, Schnorr SL, von Baeckmann C, Inan D, Nikolov G, Herbold CW, Hausmann B, Pjevac P, Schintlmeister A, Spittler A, Palatinszky M, Kadunic A, Hieger N, Del Favero G, von Bergen M, Jehmlich N, Watzka M, Lee KS, Wiesenbauer J, Khadem S, Viernstein H, Stocker R, Wagner M, Kaiser C, Richter A, Kleitz F, Berry D. Identification of inulin-responsive bacteria in the gut microbiota via multi-modal activity-based sorting. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8210. [PMID: 38097563 PMCID: PMC10721620 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics are defined as non-digestible dietary components that promote the growth of beneficial gut microorganisms. In many cases, however, this capability is not systematically evaluated. Here, we develop a methodology for determining prebiotic-responsive bacteria using the popular dietary supplement inulin. We first identify microbes with a capacity to bind inulin using mesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized with inulin. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of sorted cells revealed that the ability to bind inulin was widespread in the microbiota. We further evaluate which taxa are metabolically stimulated by inulin and find that diverse taxa from the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria respond to inulin, and several isolates of these taxa can degrade inulin. Incubation with another prebiotic, xylooligosaccharides (XOS), in contrast, shows a more robust bifidogenic effect. Interestingly, the Coriobacteriia Eggerthella lenta and Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens are indirectly stimulated by the inulin degradation process, expanding our knowledge of inulin-responsive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Riva
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Hamid Rasoulimehrabani
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - José Manuel Cruz-Rubio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie L Schnorr
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia von Baeckmann
- Department of Functional Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Deniz Inan
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georgi Nikolov
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Craig W Herbold
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Pjevac
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arno Schintlmeister
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Spittler
- Core Facility Flow Cytometry and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Márton Palatinszky
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aida Kadunic
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Hieger
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Margarete Watzka
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kang Soo Lee
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Wiesenbauer
- Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sanaz Khadem
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Viernstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roman Stocker
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Wagner
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Christina Kaiser
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Freddy Kleitz
- Department of Functional Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Zhao X, He W, Jakobsen LMA, Zachariassen LF, Hansen AK, Rasmussen MK, Bertram HC. Inulin Supplementation Modulates the Hepatic Transcriptome, Metabolome, and Ferritin Content in Ovariectomized Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300372. [PMID: 37849247 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Liver is an important metabolic organ regulating whole-body homeostasis. This study aims to investigate how prebiotic-induced changes in the metabolic activity of the gut microbiome (GM) and dietary calcium depletion modulates the hepatic metabolome and transcriptome. METHODS AND RESULTS The serum metabolome, liver metabolome, and transcriptome are determined on samples from ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed a control diet (Control, n = 7), a control diet supplemented with 5% w/w inulin (Inulin, n = 7), or a calcium-deficient diet (CaDef, n = 7). Inulin fortification is associated with higher serum concentrations of acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and reduced concentration of dimethyl sulfone, revealing that changes in the metabolic activity of the GM are reflected in circulating metabolites. Metabolomics also reveal that the inulin-fortified diet results in lower concentrations of hepatic glutamate, serine, and hypoxanthine while transcriptomics reveal accompanying effects on the hepatic expression of ferric iron binding-related genes. Inulin fortification also induces effects on the hepatic expression of genes involved in olfactory transduction, suggesting that prebiotics regulate liver function through yet unidentified mechanisms involving olfactory receptors. CONCLUSION Inulin ingestion impacts hepatic gene expression and is associated with an upregulation of ferritin synthesis-related genes and liver ferritin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Zhao
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Weiwei He
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanjing Road E. 235, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Louise M A Jakobsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Line F Zachariassen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, Frederiksberg C, 1870, Denmark
| | - Axel K Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, Frederiksberg C, 1870, Denmark
| | - Martin Krøyer Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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19
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Ribeiro PVDM, Veloso TG, de Oliveira LL, Mendes NP, Alfenas RDCG. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet increased the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria in obese adults. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3085-3099. [PMID: 37807018 PMCID: PMC10689717 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics can alter the gastrointestinal environment, favoring the growth of health-promoting bacteria. Although yacon is a functional food, with prebiotic properties (fructooligosaccharides), its effects on the intestinal microbiota have not been investigated yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of yacon flour consumption and energy-restricted diet in the intestinal microbiota in adults with excess body weight. Twenty-one adults with excess body weight were included in this randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical trial. Subjects daily consumed at breakfast a drink containing 25 g of yacon flour (n = 11) or not containing yacon (n = 10) and received the prescription of energy-restricted diets. Fecal samples were collected on the first and on last day of the study. 16S rRNA sequencing was assessed to evaluate the effect of yacon fermentation on intestinal microbiota bacterial composition. There was an increase in the genera Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Subdoligranulum, and Streptococcus after the consumption of yacon and energy-restricted diet. In the yacon group, we also observed a positive correlation between the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids versus the genera Coprococcus and Howardella, besides a negative correlation between the concentrations of advanced glycation end products and early glycation products versus the genera Ruminococcus and Prevotella, respectively. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet selectively changed the intestinal microbiota composition in adults with excess body weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Register number: RBR-6YH6BQ. Registered 23 January, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vaz de Melo Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Tomas Gomes Veloso
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro Licursi de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Nélia Pinheiro Mendes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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20
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Jackson PP, Wijeyesekera A, Williams CM, Theis S, van Harsselaar J, Rastall RA. Inulin-type fructans and 2'fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:938-955. [PMID: 37657523 PMCID: PMC10636234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in the bidirectional relationship existing between the gut and brain and the effects of both oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose to alter microbial composition and mood state. Yet, much remains unknown about the ability of oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose to improve mood state via targeted manipulation of the gut microbiota. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the effects of oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose alone and in combination against maltodextrin (comparator) on microbial composition and mood state in a working population. METHODS We conducted a 5-wk, 4-arm, parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 92 healthy adults with mild-to-moderate levels of anxiety and depression. Subjects were randomized to oligofructose 8 g/d (plus 2 g/d maltodextrin); maltodextrin 10 g/d; oligofructose 8 g/d plus 2'fucosyllactose (2 g/d) or 2'fucosyllactose 2 g/d (plus 8 g/d maltodextrin). Changes in microbial load (fluorescence in situ hybridization-flow cytometry) and composition (16S ribosomal RNA sequencing) were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included gastrointestinal sensations, bowel habits, and mood state parameters. RESULTS There were significant increases in several bacterial taxa including Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in both the oligofructose and oligofructose/2'fucosyllactose interventions (all P ≤ 0.05). Changes in bacterial taxa were highly heterogenous upon 2'fuscoyllactose supplementation. Significant improvements in Beck Depression Inventory, State Trait Anxiety Inventory Y1 and Y2, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule scores and cortisol awakening response were detected across oligofructose, 2'fucosyllactose, and oligofructose/2'fucosyllactose combination interventions (all P ≤ 0.05). Both sole oligofructose and oligofructose/2'fuscosyllactose combination interventions outperformed both sole 2'fucosyllactose and maltodextrin in improvements in several mood state parameters (all P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that oligofructose and combination of oligofructose/2'fucosyllactose can beneficially alter microbial composition along with improving mood state parameters. Future work is needed to understand key microbial differences separating individual responses to 2'fucosyllactose supplementation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05212545.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pj Jackson
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Anisha Wijeyesekera
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Claire M Williams
- University of Reading, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Robert A Rastall
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.
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21
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Nagy DU, Sándor-Bajusz KA, Bódy B, Decsi T, Van Harsselaar J, Theis S, Lohner S. Effect of chicory-derived inulin-type fructans on abundance of Bifidobacterium and on bowel function: a systematic review with meta-analyses. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12018-12035. [PMID: 35833477 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inulin-type fructans are considered to stimulate the growth of beneficial microorganisms, like Bifidobacterium in the gut and support health. However, both the fructan source and chemical structure may modify these effects. A systematic review was conducted to assess the effects of chicory-derived inulin-type fructans consumed either in specific foods or as dietary supplements on abundance of Bifidobacterium in the gut and on health-related outcomes. Three electronic databases and two clinical trial registries were systematically searched until January 2021. Two authors independently selected randomized controlled trials that investigated with a protocol of minimum seven days supplementation the effect of chicory-derived inulin-type fructans on Bifidobacterium abundance in any population. Meta-analyses with random-effects model were conducted on Bifidobacterium abundance and bowel function parameters. We evaluated risk of bias using Cochrane RoB tool. Chicory-derived inulin-type fructans at a dose of 3-20 g/day significantly increased Bifidobacterium abundance in participants with an age range from 0 to 83 years (standardized mean difference: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.58-1.08; p < 0.01; 50 studies; 2525 participants). Significant bifidogenic effects were observed in healthy individuals and in populations with health impairments, except gastrointestinal disorders. Significant beneficial effects on bowel function parameters were observed in healthy subjects. Chicory-derived inulin-type fructans may have significant bifidogenic effects and may beneficially influence bowel function in healthy individuals. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020162892.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid U Nagy
- Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Center of the University of Pécs, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Geobotany/Plant Ecology, Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kinga Amália Sándor-Bajusz
- Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Center of the University of Pécs, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Blanka Bódy
- Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Center of the University of Pécs, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Decsi
- Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Center of the University of Pécs, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Stephan Theis
- BENEO-Institute, c/o BENEO GmbH, Obrigheim, (Germany)
| | - Szimonetta Lohner
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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22
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Toon A, Bailey S, Roelands B. Effects of Nutritional Interventions on Athletic Performance. Nutrients 2023; 15:4498. [PMID: 37960151 PMCID: PMC10649019 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The search to comprehend the fundamental physiological factors that contribute to the exceptional endurance performance of elite human athletes is a long-standing endeavor within the field of sports science research [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ampe Toon
- Human Physiology & Sport Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium;
| | - Stephen Bailey
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Elon University, Elon, NC 27244, USA;
| | - Bart Roelands
- Human Physiology & Sport Physiotherapy Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium;
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23
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Tian S, Chu Q, Ma S, Ma H, Song H. Dietary Fiber and Its Potential Role in Obesity: A Focus on Modulating the Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14853-14869. [PMID: 37815013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber is a carbohydrate polymer with ten or more monomeric units that are resistant to digestion by human digestive enzymes, and it has gained widespread attention due to its significant role in health improvement through regulating gut microbiota. In this review, we summarized the interaction between dietary fiber, gut microbiota, and obesity, and the beneficial effects of dietary fiber on obesity through the modulation of microbiota, such as modifying selective microbial composition, producing starch-degrading enzymes, improving gut barrier function, reducing the inflammatory response, reducing trimethylamine N-oxide, and promoting the production of gut microbial metabolites (e.g., short chain fatty acids, bile acids, ferulic acid, and succinate). In addition, factors affecting the gut microbiota composition and metabolites by dietary fiber (length of the chain, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bonds) were also concluded. Moreover, strategies for enhancing the biological activity of dietary fiber (fermentation technology, ultrasonic modification, nanotechnology, and microfluidization) were subsequently discussed. This review may provide clues for deeply exploring the structure-activity relationship between dietary fiber and antiobesity properties by targeting specific gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiang Chu
- Tea Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shaotong Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
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24
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Andersen S, Henden A, Staudacher H, Kennedy G, Gavin N. Fibre intake and supplementation during treatment for haematological malignancies: A scoping review. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:1982-1991. [PMID: 37403340 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal microbiome diversity decreases rapidly during haematological cancer treatment with low diversity associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Therefore, factors that may benefit the microbiome require evaluation. This scoping review aimed to identify and describe the available research on fibre intake and supplementation during haematological cancer treatment. METHODS This scoping review included observational studies of usual fibre intake and intervention fibre supplementation trials with patients undergoing chemotherapy, immunotherapy or stem cell transplantation for haematological malignancy. Comprehensive searching of four databases plus grey literature was conducted. Study design, type of fibre (for fibre supplementation trials) and evaluated outcomes were recorded. The review was registered on Open Science Framework and completed in three stages. There were no date restrictions in the search and only studies in English were included. RESULTS Five studies met the inclusion criteria for the review including two observational studies and three supplementation trials. No randomised control trials were identified. The interventional studies provided either a single fibre supplement (fructo-oligosaccharide) or a combination of fibres (polydextrose, lactosucrose, resistant starch or oligosaccharides plus fibre) during stem cell transplantation. The most frequently evaluated outcomes included tolerability of the fibre supplement, clinical outcomes (infection, graft versus host disease, survival) and the impact on the gastrointestinal microbiome. CONCLUSIONS Further research, including randomised controlled trials, is needed to investigate the role of fibre during haematological cancer treatment, including the pathways in which it might improve disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Andersen
- Department of Dietetics and Foodservices, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrea Henden
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Translational Cancer Immunotherapy Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Heidi Staudacher
- Food & Mood Centre, IMPACT Institute, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | - Glen Kennedy
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole Gavin
- Cancer Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
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25
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Erhardt R, Harnett JE, Steels E, Steadman KJ. Functional constipation and the effect of prebiotics on the gut microbiota: a review. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1015-1023. [PMID: 36458339 PMCID: PMC10442792 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522003853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Functional constipation is a significant health issue impacting the lives of an estimated 14 % of the global population. Non-pharmaceutical treatment advice for cases with no underlying medical conditions focuses on exercise, hydration and an increase in dietary fibre intake. An alteration in the composition of the gut microbiota is thought to play a role in constipation. Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that selectively stimulate the growth of a limited number of bacteria in the colon with a benefit for host health. Various types of dietary fibre, though not all, can act as a prebiotic. Short-chain fatty acids produced by these microbes play a critical role as signalling molecules in a range of metabolic and physiological processes including laxation, although details are unclear. Prebiotics have a history of safe use in the food industry spanning several decades and are increasingly used as supplements to alleviate constipation. Most scientific research on the effects of prebiotics and gut microbiota has focussed on inflammatory bowel disease rather than functional constipation. Very few clinical studies evaluated the efficacy of prebiotics in the management of constipation and their effect on the microbiota, with highly variable designs and conflicting results. Despite this, broad health claims are made by manufacturers of prebiotic supplements. This narrative review provides an overview of the literature on the interaction of prebiotics with the gut microbiota and their potential clinical role in the alleviation of functional constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Erhardt
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4102, Australia
| | - Joanna E Harnett
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Steels
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4102, Australia
- Evidence Sciences, 3/884 Brunswick St, New Farm, QLD4005, Australia
| | - Kathryn J Steadman
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4102, Australia
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26
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Okoro PC, Orwoll ES, Huttenhower C, Morgan X, Kuntz TM, McIver LJ, Dufour AB, Bouxsein ML, Langsetmo L, Farsijani S, Kado DM, Pacifici R, Sahni S, Kiel DP. A two-cohort study on the association between the gut microbiota and bone density, microarchitecture, and strength. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1237727. [PMID: 37810879 PMCID: PMC10551180 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1237727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome affects the inflammatory environment through effects on T-cells, which influence the production of immune mediators and inflammatory cytokines that stimulate osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in mice. However, there are few large human studies of the gut microbiome and skeletal health. We investigated the association between the human gut microbiome and high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) scans of the radius and tibia in two large cohorts; Framingham Heart Study (FHS [n=1227, age range: 32 - 89]), and the Osteoporosis in Men Study (MrOS [n=836, age range: 78 - 98]). Stool samples from study participants underwent amplification and sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. The resulting 16S rRNA sequencing data were processed separately for each cohort, with the DADA2 pipeline incorporated in the16S bioBakery workflow. Resulting amplicon sequence variants were assigned taxonomies using the SILVA reference database. Controlling for multiple covariates, we tested for associations between microbial taxa abundances and HR-pQCT measures using general linear models as implemented in microbiome multivariable association with linear model (MaAslin2). Abundance of 37 microbial genera in FHS, and 4 genera in MrOS, were associated with various skeletal measures (false discovery rate [FDR] ≤ 0.1) including the association of DTU089 with bone measures, which was independently replicated in the two cohorts. A meta-analysis of the taxa-bone associations further revealed (FDR ≤ 0.25) that greater abundances of the genera; Akkermansia and DTU089, were associated with lower radius total vBMD, and tibia cortical vBMD respectively. Conversely, higher abundances of the genera; Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, and Faecalibacterium were associated with greater tibia cortical vBMD. We also investigated functional capabilities of microbial taxa by testing for associations between predicted (based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequence data) metabolic pathways abundance and bone phenotypes in each cohort. While there were no concordant functional associations observed in both cohorts, a meta-analysis revealed 8 pathways including the super-pathway of histidine, purine, and pyrimidine biosynthesis, associated with bone measures of the tibia cortical compartment. In conclusion, our findings suggest that there is a link between the gut microbiome and skeletal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C. Okoro
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric S. Orwoll
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Harvard Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Xochitl Morgan
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas M. Kuntz
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lauren J. McIver
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alyssa B. Dufour
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary L. Bouxsein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lisa Langsetmo
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Samaneh Farsijani
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Aging and Population Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Deborah M. Kado
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Health System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Roberto Pacifici
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shivani Sahni
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Douglas P. Kiel
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Revel-Muroz A, Akulinin M, Shilova P, Tyakht A, Klimenko N. Stability of human gut microbiome: Comparison of ecological modelling and observational approaches. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4456-4468. [PMID: 37745638 PMCID: PMC10511340 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in the human body, and perturbations in its composition have been linked to various disorders. Stability is an essential property of a healthy human gut microbiome, which allows it to maintain its functional richness under the external influences. This property has been explored through two distinct methodologies - mathematical modelling based on ecological principles and statistical analysis drawn from observations in interventional studies. Here we conducted a meta-analysis aimed to compare the two approaches utilising the data from 9 interventional and time series studies encompassing 3512 gut microbiome profiles obtained via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. By employing the previously published compositional Lotka-Volterra method, we modelled the dynamics of the microbial community and evaluated ecological stability measures. These measures were compared to those based on observed microbiome changes. There was a substantial correlation between the outcomes of the two approaches. Particularly, local stability assessed within the ecological paradigm was positively correlated with observational stability measures accounting for the compositional nature of microbiome data. Additionally, we were able to reproduce the previously reported inverse relationship between the community's robustness to microorganism loss and local stability, attributed to the distinct impacts of coefficient characterising the network decomposition on these two stability assessments. Our findings demonstrate harmonisation between the ecological and observational approaches to microbiome analysis, advancing the understanding of healthy gut microbiome concept. This paves the way to develop efficient microbiome-targeting interventions for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Revel-Muroz
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Akulinin
- Department of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Polina Shilova
- Department of Biology, Moscow State University, 1–12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Tyakht
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Atlas Biomed Group - Knomx LLC, Interchange House, Office 1.58, 81–85 Station Road, Croydon CR0 2AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Klimenko
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Atlas Biomed Group - Knomx LLC, Interchange House, Office 1.58, 81–85 Station Road, Croydon CR0 2AJ, United Kingdom
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Mora-Flores LP, Moreno-Terrazas Casildo R, Fuentes-Cabrera J, Pérez-Vicente HA, de Anda-Jáuregui G, Neri-Torres EE. The Role of Carbohydrate Intake on the Gut Microbiome: A Weight of Evidence Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1728. [PMID: 37512899 PMCID: PMC10385781 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Carbohydrates are the most important source of nutritional energy for the human body. Carbohydrate digestion, metabolism, and their role in the gut microbiota modulation are the focus of multiple studies. The objective of this weight of evidence systematic review is to investigate the potential relationship between ingested carbohydrates and the gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels. (2) Methods: Weight of evidence and information value techniques were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary carbohydrates and the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in the gut microbiota. (3) Results: The obtained results show that the types of carbohydrates that have a high information value are: soluble fiber with Bacteroides increase, insoluble fiber with Bacteroides and Actinobacteria increase, and Firmicutes decrease. Oligosaccharides with Lactobacillus increase and Enterococcus decrease. Gelatinized starches with Prevotella increase. Starches and resistant starches with Blautia decrease and Firmicutes increase. (4) Conclusions: This work provides, for the first time, an integrative review of the subject by using statistical techniques that have not been previously employed in microbiota reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena P Mora-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Rubén Moreno-Terrazas Casildo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - José Fuentes-Cabrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Hugo Alexer Pérez-Vicente
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Programa de Cátedras CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - Elier Ekberg Neri-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
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Bester A, O'Brien M, Cotter PD, Dam S, Civai C. Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing Revealed the Prebiotic Potential of a Fruit Juice Drink with Fermentable Fibres in Healthy Humans. Foods 2023; 12:2480. [PMID: 37444219 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibre-based dietary interventions are at the forefront of gut microbiome modulation research, with a wealth of 16S rRNA information to demonstrate the prebiotic effects of isolated fibres. However, there is a distinct lack of data relating to the effect of a combination of soluble and insoluble fibres in a convenient-to-consume fruit juice food matrix on gut microbiota structure, diversity, and function. Here, we aimed to determine the impact of the MOJU Prebiotic Shot, an apple, lemon, ginger, and raspberry fruit juice drink blend containing chicory inulin, baobab, golden kiwi, and green banana powders, on gut microbiota structure and function. Healthy adults (n = 20) were included in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, receiving 60 mL MOJU Prebiotic Shot or placebo (without the fibre mix) for 3 weeks with a 3-week washout period between interventions. Shotgun metagenomics revealed significant between-group differences in alpha and beta diversity. In addition, the relative abundance of the phyla Actinobacteria and Desulfobacteria was significantly increased as a result of the prebiotic intervention. Nine species were observed to be differentially abundant (uncorrected p-value of <0.05) as a result of the prebiotic treatment. Of these, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and CAG-81 sp900066785 (Lachnospiraceae) were present at increased abundance relative to baseline. Additionally, KEGG analysis showed an increased abundance in pathways associated with arginine biosynthesis and phenylacetate degradation during the prebiotic treatment. Our results show the effects of the daily consumption of 60 mL MOJU Prebiotic Shot for 3 weeks and provide insight into the functional potential of B. adolescentis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adri Bester
- London Agri Food Innovation Clinic (LAFIC), School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Civai
- London Agri Food Innovation Clinic (LAFIC), School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
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Leyrolle Q, Prado-Perez L, Layé S. The gut-derived metabolites as mediators of the effect of healthy nutrition on the brain. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1155533. [PMID: 37360297 PMCID: PMC10289296 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1155533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is now well recognized to be an environmental factor which positively or negatively influences the risk to develop neurological and psychiatric disorders. The gut microbiota has recently been shown to be an important actor mediating the relationship between environmental factors, including nutrition, and brain function. While its composition has been widely studied and associated with the risk of brain diseases, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the gut and brain diseases remain to be explored. The wide range of bioactive molecules produced by the gut microbiota, called gut-derived metabolites (GDM), represent new players in the gut to brain interactions and become interesting target to promote brain health. The aim of this narrative review is to highlight some GDMs of interest that are produced in response to healthy food consumption and to summarize what is known about their potential effects on brain function. Overall, GDMs represent future useful biomarkers for the development of personalized nutrition. Indeed, their quantification after nutritional interventions is a useful tool to determine individuals' ability to produce microbiota-derived bioactive compounds upon consumption of specific food or nutrients. Moreover, GDMs represent also a new therapeutic approach to counteract the lack of response to conventional nutritional interventions.
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Rodriguez CI, Keshavarzian A, Hamaker BR, Liu F, Lunken GR, Rasmussen H, Zhou H, Tap J, Swanson KS, Ukhanova M, Leclerc M, Gotteland M, Navarrete P, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Dahl WJ, Martiny JBH. Curated and harmonized gut microbiome 16S rRNA amplicon data from dietary fiber intervention studies in humans. Sci Data 2023; 10:346. [PMID: 37268699 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Next generation amplicon sequencing has created a plethora of data from human microbiomes. The accessibility to this scientific data and its corresponding metadata is important for its reuse, to allow for new discoveries, verification of published results, and serving as path for reproducibility. Dietary fiber consumption has been associated with a variety of health benefits that are thought to be mediated by gut microbiota. To enable direct comparisons of the response of the gut microbiome to fiber, we obtained 16S rRNA sequencing data and its corresponding metadata from 11 fiber intervention studies for a total of 2,368 samples. We provide curated and pre-processed genetic data and common metadata for comparison across the different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia I Rodriguez
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, USA.
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Feitong Liu
- H&H Group, H&H Research, China Research and Innovation Center, Beijing, China
| | | | - Heather Rasmussen
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Lincoln, USA
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Julien Tap
- Universite Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MICALIS Institute, Yvette, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Animal Sciences, Champaign, USA
| | - Maria Ukhanova
- University of Florida, School of Medicine, Gainesville, USA
| | - Marion Leclerc
- Universite Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MICALIS Institute, Yvette, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Pendulum therapeutics, San Francisco, USA
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Wendy J Dahl
- University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Gainesville, USA
| | - Jennifer B H Martiny
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Guice JL, Hollins MD, Farmar JG, Tinker KM, Garvey SM. Microbial inulinase promotes fructan hydrolysis under simulated gastric conditions. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1129329. [PMID: 37305092 PMCID: PMC10251236 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1129329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) have emerged as key contributors to digestive discomfort and intolerance to certain vegetables, fruits, and plant-based foods. Although strategies exist to minimize FODMAP consumption and exposure, exogenous enzyme supplementation targeting the fructan-type FODMAPs has been underexploited. The objective of this study was to test the hydrolytic efficacy of a food-grade, non-genetically engineered microbial inulinase preparation toward inulin-type fructans in the INFOGEST in vitro static simulation of gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. Purified inulin was shown to undergo acid-mediated hydrolysis at high gastric acidity as well as predominantly inulinase-mediated hydrolysis at lower gastric acidity. Inulinase dose-response simulations of inulin, garlic, and high-fructan meal digestion in the gastric phase suggest that as little as 50 inulinase units (INU) and up to 800 INU per serving promote fructan hydrolysis better than the control simulations without inulinase. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) profiling of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) in the gastric digestas following inulinase treatment confirms the fructolytic activity of inulinase under simulated digestive conditions. Altogether, these in vitro digestion data support the use of microbial inulinase as an exogenous enzyme supplement for reducing dietary fructan-type FODMAP exposure.
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Aldubayan MA, Mao X, Laursen MF, Pigsborg K, Christensen LH, Roager HM, Nielsen DS, Hjorth MF, Magkos F. Supplementation with inulin-type fructans affects gut microbiota and attenuates some of the cardiometabolic benefits of a plant-based diet in individuals with overweight or obesity. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1108088. [PMID: 37181156 PMCID: PMC10167298 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1108088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiota has emerged as a potential therapeutic target to improve the management of obesity and its comorbidities. Objective We investigated the impact of a high fiber (∼38 g/d) plant-based diet, consumed ad libitum, with or without added inulin-type fructans (ITF), on the gut microbiota composition and cardiometabolic outcomes in subjects with obesity. We also tested if baseline Prevotella/Bacteroides (P/B) ratio predicts weight loss outcomes. Methods This is a secondary exploratory analysis from the PREVENTOMICS study, in which 100 subjects (82 completers) aged 18-65 years with body mass index 27-40 kg/m2 were randomized to 10 weeks of double-blinded treatment with a personalized or a generic plant-based diet. Changes from baseline to end-of-trial in gut microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing), body composition, cardiometabolic health and inflammatory markers were evaluated in the whole cohort (n = 82), and also compared in the subgroup of subjects who were supplemented with an additional 20 g/d ITF-prebiotics (n = 21) or their controls (n = 22). Results In response to the plant-based diet, all subjects lost weight (-3.2 [95% CI -3.9, -2.5] kg) and experienced significant improvements in body composition and cardiometabolic health indices. Addition of ITF to the plant-based diet reduced microbial diversity (Shannon index) and selectively increased Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium (q < 0.05). The change in the latter was significantly associated with higher values of insulin and HOMA-IR and lower HDL cholesterol. In addition, the LDL:HDL ratio and the concentrations of IL-10, MCP-1 and TNFα were significantly elevated in the ITF-subgroup. There was no relationship between baseline P/B ratio and changes in body weight (r = -0.07, p = 0.53). Conclusion A plant-based diet consumed ad libitum modestly decreases body weight and has multiple health benefits in individuals with obesity. Addition of ITF-prebiotics on top this naturally fiber-rich background selectively changes gut microbiota composition and attenuates some of the realized cardiometabolic benefits. Clinical trial registration [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04590989], identifier [NCT04590989].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Adnan Aldubayan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaotian Mao
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kristina Pigsborg
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars H. Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis S. Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Fiil Hjorth
- Obesity and Nutritional Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Tuborg Havnevej, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ďásková N, Modos I, Krbcová M, Kuzma M, Pelantová H, Hradecký J, Heczková M, Bratová M, Videňská P, Šplíchalová P, Králová M, Heniková M, Potočková J, Ouřadová A, Landberg R, Kühn T, Cahová M, Gojda J. Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial. Nutr Diabetes 2023; 13:7. [PMID: 37085526 PMCID: PMC10121613 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-023-00235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ďásková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - I Modos
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Krbcová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Hradecký
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Heczková
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Bratová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Videňská
- Mendel University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Šplíchalová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Králová
- Ambis University, Department of Economics and Management, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Heniková
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Potočková
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Ouřadová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - T Kühn
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Cahová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - J Gojda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Thorsteinsdottir F, Campbell KJ, Heitmann BL, Zheng M. Longitudinal Trajectories of Dietary Fibre Intake and Its Determinants in Early Childhood: Results from the Melbourne InFANT Program. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081932. [PMID: 37111151 PMCID: PMC10145308 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal nutrition during early childhood, including dietary fibre intake, is important for children's health and development. Knowledge of fibre intake and its determinants in early childhood is limited. We aimed to describe fibre intake and sources and to identify trajectories of fibre intake at age 9, 18, 42, and 60 months and its child and maternal determinants. Associations between fibre trajectory groups and BMI z-scores and child overweight status were also assessed. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the Melbourne InFANT Program, trial registration: Current Controlled Trials (ISRCTN81847050). Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify trajectories of fibre intake from ages 9 to 60 months (n = 503). Multivariable logistic or linear regression was used to assess the determinants of fibre intake trajectories and the association between fibre intake trajectories and obesity outcomes. RESULTS Four fibre intake trajectory groups were identified, with three groups following stable, rising trajectories of "Low" (52.3%), "Moderate" (32.2%), and "High" (13.3%), respectively. The remaining followed an "unstable" trajectory (2.2%). Girls versus boys were more likely to follow the "Low" fibre intake trajectory, whereas children who were breastfed for ≥6 months and whose mother had a university education were less likely to follow the "Low" fibre trajectory. No association was found between fibre trajectory groups and obesity outcomes. CONCLUSION Most children followed a stable, rising trajectory of low fibre intake in early childhood. Child sex, breastfeeding duration and maternal education were significant determinants of low fibre intake trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanney Thorsteinsdottir
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Berit L Heitmann
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- The Boden Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Department of Public Health, Section for General Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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Sinkko H, Lehtimäki J, Lohi H, Ruokolainen L, Hielm-Björkman A. Distinct healthy and atopic canine gut microbiota is influenced by diet and antibiotics. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:221104. [PMID: 37122947 PMCID: PMC10130713 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.221104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The rising trend in non-communicable chronic inflammatory diseases coincides with changes in Western lifestyle. While changes in the human microbiota may play a central role in the development of chronic diseases, estimating the contribution of associated lifestyle factors remains challenging. We studied the influence of lifestyle-diet, antibiotic use, and residential environment with housing and family-on the gut microbiota of healthy and owner-reported atopic pet dogs, searching for associations between the lifestyle factors, atopy and microbiota. The results showed that atopic and healthy dogs had contrasting gut microbial composition. The gut microbiota also differed between two breeds, Labrador Retriever and Finnish Lapphund, selected for our study. Among all lifestyle factors studied, diet was most significantly associated with gut microbiota but only weakly with atopic symptoms. Thus, diet- and atopy-associated changes in the microbiota were not interrelated. Instead, the severity of symptoms was positively associated with the usage of antibiotics, which in turn was associated with the microbiota composition. Urban lifestyle was significantly associated with the increased prevalence of allergies but not with the gut microbiota. Our results from pet dogs supported previous evidence from humans, demonstrating that antibiotics, gut microbiota and atopic manifestation are interrelated. This congruence suggests that canine atopy might be a promising model for understanding the aetiology of human allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Sinkko
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Human Microbiome Research (HUMI), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Lehtimäki
- Environmental Policy Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics and Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lasse Ruokolainen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Hielm-Björkman
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Devarakonda SLS, Superdock DK, Ren J, Johnson LM, Loinard-Gonz Lez AAP, Poole AC. Gut microbial features and dietary fiber intake predict gut microbiota response to resistant starch supplementation. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.24.23287665. [PMID: 37034622 PMCID: PMC10081390 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.24.23287665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) consumption can have beneficial effects on human health, but the response, in terms of effects on the gut microbiota and host physiology, varies between individuals. Factors predicting the response to RS are not yet established and would be useful for developing precision nutrition approaches that maximize the benefits of dietary fiber intake. We sought to identify predictors of gut microbiota response to RS supplementation. We enrolled 76 healthy adults into a seven-week crossover study. Participants consumed RS type 2 (RS2), RS type 4 (RS4), and a digestible starch, for ten days each with five-day washout periods in between. We collected fecal and saliva samples and food records before and during each treatment period. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and measured fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), salivary amylase gene copy number, and salivary amylase activity (SAA). Dietary fiber intake was predictive of relative abundance of several amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) at the end of both RS treatments. Treatment order (the order of consumption of RS2 and RS4), alpha diversity, and a subset of ASVs were predictive of SCFA changes after RS supplementation. SAA was only predictive of the relative abundance of ASVs after digestible starch supplementation. Based on our findings, dietary fiber intake and gut microbiome composition would be informative if assessed prior to recommending RS supplementation. Using a precision nutrition approach to optimize the benefits of dietary fibers such as RS could be an effective strategy to compensate for the low consumption of dietary fiber nationwide.
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Qin YQ, Wang LY, Yang XY, Xu YJ, Fan G, Fan YG, Ren JN, An Q, Li X. Inulin: properties and health benefits. Food Funct 2023; 14:2948-2968. [PMID: 36876591 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Inulin, a soluble dietary fiber, is widely found in more than 36 000 plant species as a reserve polysaccharide. The primary sources of inulin, include Jerusalem artichoke, chicory, onion, garlic, barley, and dahlia, among which Jerusalem artichoke tubers and chicory roots are often used as raw materials for inulin production in the food industry. It is universally acknowledged that inulin as a prebiotic has an outstanding effect on the regulation of intestinal microbiota via stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria. In addition, inulin also exhibits excellent health benefits in regulating lipid metabolism, weight loss, lowering blood sugar, inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors, reducing the risk of colon cancer, enhancing mineral absorption, improving constipation, and relieving depression. In this review paper, we attempt to present an exhaustive overview of the function and health benefits of inulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Liu-Yan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yi-Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Gang Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yan-Ge Fan
- Institute of Chemistry Co. Ltd, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jing-Nan Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qi An
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Bastings JJAJ, Venema K, Blaak EE, Adam TC. Influence of the gut microbiota on satiety signaling. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:243-255. [PMID: 36870872 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies show a link between the gut microbiota and the regulation of satiety and energy intake, processes that contribute to the development and pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. However, this link is predominantly established in animal and in vitro studies, whereas human intervention studies are scarce. In this review we focus on recent evidence linking satiety and the gut microbiome, with specific emphasis on gut microbial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Based on a systematic search we provide an overview of human studies linking the intake of prebiotics with gut microbial alterations and satiety signaling. Our outcomes highlight the importance of in-depth examination of the gut microbiota in relation to satiety and provide insights into recent and future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacco J A J Bastings
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Venema
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, Campus Venlo, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Tanja C Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Pansai N, Detarun P, Chinnaworn A, Sangsupawanich P, Wichienchot S. Effects of dragon fruit oligosaccharides on immunity, gut microbiome, and their metabolites in healthy adults – a randomized double-blind placebo controlled study. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112657. [PMID: 37087207 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Healthy food has wide popularity and relates positively to health. Our previous studies have shown that dragon fruit oligosaccharides (DFO) have prebiotic activities, balancing the gut microbiota in a simulated human colon system, and are safe and stimulate the immune system in rats. The effects of DFO on immune stimulation gut microbe modulation and the correlation of gut microbiota and nutrients were investigated in a human trial. This clinical study was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. The participants were 107 healthy adults, divided into 3 groups that received DFO in drinking waterdoses of 4 and 8 g/day, compared to the placebo group for 4 consecutive weeks. DFO consumption at 4 g/day increased IgA level (11.31 mg/dL or 10.95% from baseline) and 8 g/day outstandingly promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium spp. (8.41%) and Faecalibacterium (1.99%) and decreased harmful bacteria, especially, Escherichia coli (8.44%). The relationship between gut microbes and nutrient intake was explored and significant (p < 0.05) correlations between specific microbial groups and intakes of specific macro- and micronutrients were observed. The potential dose of DFO for healthy adults was established as 4 g/day for improving IgA level and 8 g/day for promoting beneficial gut microbiota.
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Hsu C, Ghannoum M, Cominelli F, Martino LD. Mycobiome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Role in Disease Pathogenesis, Current Approaches and Novel Nutritional-based Therapies. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:470-479. [PMID: 35851921 PMCID: PMC9977251 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and a range of adverse health effects including diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and bloody stools, affects nearly 3.1 million genetically susceptible adults in the United States today. Although the etiology of IBD remains unclear, genetics, stress, diet, and gut microbiota dysbiosis- especially in immunocompromised individuals- have been identified as possible causes of disease. Although previous research has largely focused on the role of bacteria in IBD pathogenesis, recently observed alterations of fungal load and biodiversity in the GI tract of afflicted individuals suggest interkingdom interactions amongst different gut microbial communities, particularly between bacteria and fungi. These discoveries point to the potential utilization of treatment approaches such as antibiotics, antifungals, probiotics, and postbiotics that target both bacteria and fungi in managing IBD. In this review, we discuss the impact of specific fungi on disease pathogenesis, with a focus on the highly virulent genus Candida and how the presence of certain co-enzymes impacts its virulence. In addition, we evaluate current gut microbiome-based therapeutic approaches with the intention of better understanding the mechanisms behind novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Hsu
- Case Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Mahmoud Ghannoum
- Center for Medical Mycology and Integrated Microbiome Core, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Case Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Luca Di Martino
- Case Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
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Cresci GAM. Forty-fifth ASPEN Presidential Address: Medical nutrition therapy, is it time to get personal? JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2023; 47:334-341. [PMID: 36587280 PMCID: PMC9992279 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The time could not be riper for the field of nutrition as it moves into the forefront being recognized as a major influencer in the prevention and management of many diseases. The approach to nutrition support therapy, which includes oral diet and enteral and parenteral nutrition, has historically involved approaching patients in the same "one size fits all" manner. However, as research methodologies have advanced over the past decade, data suggest that although people may be grouped into having a particular disease or condition, their nutrition therapeutic intervention may be optimized if it is personalized. This thought-provoking session will discuss current dietary guidelines and provide evidence and pose opportunities toward a future direction incorporating a personalized therapeutic nutrition support approach, which takes into consideration the metabolic capacity of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A M Cresci
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Center for Human Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Arasu K, Chang CY, Wong SY, Ong SH, Yang WY, Chong MHZ, Mavinkurve M, Khoo EJ, Chinna K, Weaver CM, Chee WSS. Effect of soluble corn fibre and calcium supplementation on bone mineral content and bone mineral density in preadolescent Malaysian children-a double-blind randomised controlled trial (PREBONE-Kids Study). Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:783-792. [PMID: 36808216 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Soluble corn fibre (SCF) with calcium did not improve bone indices after 1 year in preadolescent children. INTRODUCTION SCF has been reported to improve calcium absorption. We investigated the long-term effect of SCF and calcium on bone indices of healthy preadolescent children aged 9-11 years old. METHODS In a double-blind, randomised, parallel arm study, 243 participants were randomised into four groups: placebo, 12-g SCF, 600-mg calcium lactate gluconate (Ca) and 12-g SCF + 600-mg calcium lactate gluconate (SCF + Ca). Total body bone mineral content (TBBMC) and total body bone mineral density (TBBMD) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS At 6 months, SCF + Ca had a significant increase in TBBMC from baseline (27.14 ± 6.10 g, p = 0.001). At 12 months, there was a significant increase in TBBMC from baseline in the SCF + Ca (40.28 ± 9.03 g, p = 0.001) and SCF groups (27.34 ± 7.93 g, p = 0.037). At 6 months, the change in TBBMD in the SCF + Ca (0.019 ± 0.003 g/cm2) and Ca (0.014 ± 0.003 g/cm2) groups was significantly different (p < 0.05) from SCF (0.004 ± 0.002 g/cm2) and placebo (0.002 ± 0.003 g/cm2). However, the changes in TBBMD and TBBMC were not significantly different among groups at 12 months. CONCLUSION SCF did not increase TBBMC and TBBMD in Malaysian children after 1 year although calcium supplementation increased TBBMD at 6 months. Further work is needed to fully understand the mechanism and health benefits of prebiotics in this study population. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03864172.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanimolli Arasu
- Division of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yuan Chang
- Division of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soon Yee Wong
- Division of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shu Hwa Ong
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wai Yew Yang
- Division of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Megan Hueh Zan Chong
- Division of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Meenal Mavinkurve
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Seremban, Malaysia
| | - Erwin Jiayuan Khoo
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Seremban, Malaysia
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Winnie Siew Swee Chee
- Division of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Wang C, Bai J, Chen X, Song J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Suo H. Gut microbiome-based strategies for host health and disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6834-6849. [PMID: 36803092 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2176464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Host health and disease are influenced by changes in the abundance and structure of intestinal flora. Current strategies are focused on regulating the structure of intestinal flora to ensure host health by alleviating disease. However, these strategies are limited by multiple factors, such as host genotype, physiology (microbiome, immunity, and gender), intervention, and diet. Accordingly, we reviewed the prospects and limitations of all strategies regulating the structure and abundance of microflora, including probiotics, prebiotics, diet, fecal microbiota transplantation, antibiotics, and phages. Some new technologies that can improve these strategies are also introduced. Compared with other strategies, diets and prebiotics are associated with reduced risk and high security. Besides, phages have the potential for application in the targeted regulation of intestinal microbiota due to their high specificity. Notably, the variability in individual microflora and their metabolic response to different interventions should be considered. Future studies should use artificial intelligence combined with multi-omics to investigate the host genome and physiology based on factors, such as blood type, dietary habits, and exercise, in order to develop individualized intervention strategies to improve host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junying Bai
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Perler BK, Friedman ES, Wu GD. The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Relationship Between Diet and Human Health. Annu Rev Physiol 2023; 85:449-468. [PMID: 36375468 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-031522-092054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between diet, the gut microbiome, and host health is complex. Diets associated with health have many similarities: high fiber, unsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols while being low in saturated fats, sodium, and refined carbohydrates. Over the past several decades, dietary patterns have changed significantly in Westernized nations with the increased consumption of calorically dense ultraprocessed foods low in fiber and high in saturated fats, salt, and refined carbohydrates, leading to numerous negative health consequences including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. The gut microbiota is an environmental factor that interacts with diet and may also have an impact on health outcomes, many of which involve metabolites produced by the microbiota from dietary components that can impact the host. This review focuses on our current understanding of the complex relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and host health, with examples of how diet can support health, increase an individual's risk for disease, and be used as a therapy for specific diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce K Perler
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Elliot S Friedman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Gary D Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
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Gut Microbiota and Coronary Artery Disease: Current Therapeutic Perspectives. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020256. [PMID: 36837875 PMCID: PMC9963624 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is the community of microorganisms living in the human gut. This microbial ecosystem contains bacteria beneficial to their host and plays important roles in human physiology, participating in energy harvest from indigestible fiber, vitamin synthesis, and regulation of the immune system, among others. Accumulating evidence suggests a possible link between compositional and metabolic aberrations of the gut microbiota and coronary artery disease in humans. Manipulating the gut microbiota through targeted interventions is an emerging field of science, aiming at reducing the risk of disease. Among the interventions with the most promising results are probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) inhibitors. Contemporary studies of probiotics have shown an improvement of inflammation and endothelial cell function, paired with attenuated extracellular matrix remodeling and TMAO production. Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, and Bacteroides are some of the most well studied probiotics in experimental and clinical settings. Prebiotics may also decrease inflammation and lead to reductions in blood pressure, body weight, and hyperlipidemia. Synbiotics have been associated with an improvement in glucose homeostasis and lipid abnormalities. On the contrary, no evidence yet exists on the possible benefits of postbiotic use, while the use of antibiotics is not warranted, due to potentially deleterious effects. TMAO inhibitors such as 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, iodomethylcholine, and fluoromethylcholine, despite still being investigated experimentally, appear to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties. Finally, fecal transplantation carries conflicting evidence, mandating the need for further research. In the present review we summarize the links between the gut microbiota and coronary artery disease and elaborate on the varied therapeutic measures that are being explored in this context.
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Wang M, Cheong KL. Preparation, Structural Characterisation, and Bioactivities of Fructans: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041613. [PMID: 36838601 PMCID: PMC9967297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are important components of higher plants and have attracted increasing attention due to their many nutraceutical benefits in humans. Fructans, heterogeneous fructose polymers that serve as storage carbohydrates in various plants, represent one of the most important types of natural polysaccharides. Fructans have various physiological and therapeutic effects, which are beneficial to health, and have the ability to prevent or treat various diseases, allowing their wide use in the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. This article reviews the occurrence, metabolism, preparation, characterisation, analysis, and bioactivity of fructans. Further, their molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, linkages, and structural determination are described. Taken together, this review provides a theoretical foundation for further research into the structure-function relationships of fructans, as well as valuable new information and directions for further research and application of fructans in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Postgraduate College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Mu T, Cao J, Liu X, Yang X, Ren D, Zhao K. Response of gut microbiota and ileal transcriptome to inulin intervention in HFD induced obese mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:861-872. [PMID: 36402387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inulin, as a dietary fiber, exerted prominent anti-obesity effects by modulating gut microbiota. However, the possible relationship and interplay of gut microbiome and function of distal intestine is still unclear now. This study aimed to investigate the possible targets of microbes and the related intestinal genes mediated by inulin. C57 BL/6 male mice were randomly allocated to chow diet (Chow) group, high-fat diet (HFD) group, and HFD supplemented with 3 % inulin (Inulin) group. Compared with HFD treatment, inulin supplementation significantly decreased the body weight, fat deposition, and fasting blood glucose level. In addition, mice treated with inulin had a remarkable alteration in the structure of cecal microbiota and transcriptomic profiling of ileum. In particular, inulin supplementation significantly reversed the HFD induced expression of Bacteroides, Allobaculum and nonrank_f_Bacteroidates_S24-7_group, and reversed the expression of genes belonging to phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) family. In summary, inulin might alleviate HFD-induced fat deposition and metabolic disorders via regulating lipid metabolism of ileum, while the interaction between the sPLA2s and gut microbes might play important roles in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, P. R. China; Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Tong Mu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Daoyuan Ren
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, P. R. China; Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China.
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Singh V, Lee G, Son H, Koh H, Kim ES, Unno T, Shin JH. Butyrate producers, "The Sentinel of Gut": Their intestinal significance with and beyond butyrate, and prospective use as microbial therapeutics. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1103836. [PMID: 36713166 PMCID: PMC9877435 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut-microbial butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) of significant physiological importance than the other major SCFAs (acetate and propionate). Most butyrate producers belong to the Clostridium cluster of the phylum Firmicutes, such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Eubacterium, Anaerostipes, Coprococcus, Subdoligranulum, and Anaerobutyricum. They metabolize carbohydrates via the butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase pathway and butyrate kinase terminal enzymes to produce most of butyrate. Although, in minor fractions, amino acids can also be utilized to generate butyrate via glutamate and lysine pathways. Butyrogenic microbes play a vital role in various gut-associated metabolisms. Butyrate is used by colonocytes to generate energy, stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor to maintain the anaerobic environment in the gut, maintains gut barrier integrity by regulating Claudin-1 and synaptopodin expression, limits pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12), and inhibits oncogenic pathways (Akt/ERK, Wnt, and TGF-β signaling). Colonic butyrate producers shape the gut microbial community by secreting various anti-microbial substances, such as cathelicidins, reuterin, and β-defensin-1, and maintain gut homeostasis by releasing anti-inflammatory molecules, such as IgA, vitamin B, and microbial anti-inflammatory molecules. Additionally, butyrate producers, such as Roseburia, produce anti-carcinogenic metabolites, such as shikimic acid and a precursor of conjugated linoleic acid. In this review, we summarized the significance of butyrate, critically examined the role and relevance of butyrate producers, and contextualized their importance as microbial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Singh
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - GyuDae Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunWoo Son
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Tatsuya Unno, ✉
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Jae-Ho Shin, ✉
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50
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Oh L, Ab Rahman S, Dubinsky K, Azanan MS, Ariffin H. Manipulating the Gut Microbiome as a Therapeutic Strategy to Mitigate Late Effects in Childhood Cancer Survivors. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338221149799. [PMID: 36624625 PMCID: PMC9834799 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221149799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified causal links between altered gut microbiome, chronic inflammation, and inflammation-driven conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) show late effects of therapy in the form of inflammaging-related disorders as well as microbial dysbiosis, supporting a hypothesis that the conditions are interconnected. Given the susceptibility of the gut microbiome to alteration, a number of therapeutic interventions have been investigated for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, though not within the context of cancer survivorship in children and adolescents. Here, we evaluate the potential for these interventions, which include probiotic supplementation, prebiotics/fiber-rich diet, exercise, and fecal microbiota transplantation for prevention and treatment of cancer treatment-related microbial dysbiosis in survivors. We also make recommendations to improve adherence and encourage long-term lifestyle changes for maintenance of healthy gut microbiome in CCS as a potential strategy to mitigate treatment-related late effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Oh
- University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Hany Ariffin
- University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Hany Ariffin, Department of Pediatrics,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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