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Barz M, Parak WJ, Zentel R. Concepts and Approaches to Reduce or Avoid Protein Corona Formation on Nanoparticles: Challenges and Opportunities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402935. [PMID: 38976560 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This review describes the formation of a protein corona (or its absence) on different classes of nanoparticles, its basic principles, and its consequences for nanomedicine. For this purpose, it describes general concepts to control (guide/minimize) the interaction between artificial nanoparticles and plasma proteins to reduce protein corona formation. Thereafter, methods for the qualitative or quantitative determination of protein corona formation are presented, as well as the properties of nanoparticle surfaces, which are relevant for protein corona prevention (or formation). Thereby especially the role of grafting density of hydrophilic polymers on the surface of the nanoparticle is discussed to prevent the formation of a protein corona. In this context also the potential of detergents (surfactants) for a temporary modification as well as grafting-to and grafting-from approaches for a permanent modification of the surface are discussed. The review concludes by highlighting several promising avenues. This includes (i) the use of nanoparticles without protein corona for active targeting, (ii) the use of synthetic nanoparticles without protein corona formation to address the immune system, (iii) the recollection of nanoparticles with a defined protein corona after in vivo application to sample the blood proteome and (iv) further concepts to reduce protein corona formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Barz
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, NL-2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und Festkörperphysik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
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2
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Pavón C, Benetti EM, Lorandi F. Polymer Brushes on Nanoparticles for Controlling the Interaction with Protein-Rich Physiological Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11843-11857. [PMID: 38787578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with biological environments triggers the formation of a protein corona (PC), which significantly influences their behavior in vivo. This review explores the evolving understanding of PC formation, focusing on the opportunity for decreasing or suppressing protein-NP interactions by macromolecular engineering of NP shells. The functionalization of NPs with a dense, hydrated polymer brush shell is a powerful strategy for imparting stealth properties in order to elude recognition by the immune system. While poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been extensively used for this purpose, concerns regarding its stability and immunogenicity have prompted the exploration of alternative polymers. The stealth properties of brush shells can be enhanced by tailoring functionalities and structural parameters, including the molar mass, grafting density, and polymer topology. Determining correlations between these parameters and biopassivity has enabled us to obtain polymer-grafted NPs with high colloidal stability and prolonged circulation time in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pavón
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry (MOC), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry (MOC), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry (MOC), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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3
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Douglas-Green SA, Aleman JA, Hammond PT. Electrophoresis-Based Approach for Characterizing Dendrimer-Protein Interactions: A Proof-of-Concept Study. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3747-3758. [PMID: 38753577 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Improving the clinical translation of nanomedicine requires better knowledge about how nanoparticles interact with biological environments. As researchers are recognizing the importance of understanding the protein corona and characterizing how nanocarriers respond in biological systems, new tools and techniques are needed to analyze nanocarrier-protein interactions, especially for smaller size (<10 nm) nanoparticles like polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. Here, we developed a streamlined, semiquantitative approach to assess dendrimer-protein interactions using a nondenaturing electrophoresis technique combined with mass spectrometry. With this protocol, we detect fluorescently tagged dendrimers and proteins simultaneously, enabling us to analyze when dendrimers migrate with proteins. We found that PAMAM dendrimers mostly interact with complement proteins, particularly C3 and C4a, which aligns with previously published data, verifying that our approach can be used to isolate and identify dendrimer-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone A Douglas-Green
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Juan A Aleman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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López-Estévez AM, Lapuhs P, Pineiro-Alonso L, Alonso MJ. Personalized Cancer Nanomedicine: Overcoming Biological Barriers for Intracellular Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309355. [PMID: 38104275 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The success of personalized medicine in oncology relies on using highly effective and precise therapeutic modalities such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Unfortunately, the clinical exploitation of these biological drugs has encountered obstacles in overcoming intricate biological barriers. Drug delivery technologies represent a plausible strategy to overcome such barriers, ultimately facilitating the access to intracellular domains. Here, an overview of the current landscape on how nanotechnology has dealt with protein corona phenomena as a first and determinant biological barrier is presented. This continues with the analysis of strategies facilitating access to the tumor, along with conceivable methods for enhanced tumor penetration. As a final step, the cellular barriers that nanocarriers must confront in order for their biological cargo to reach their target are deeply analyzed. This review concludes with a critical analysis and future perspectives of the translational advances in personalized oncological nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María López-Estévez
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Philipp Lapuhs
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Laura Pineiro-Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
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5
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de Carvalho Moreira LMC, de Sousa Silva ABA, de Araújo Medeiros K, Oshiro Júnior JA, da Silva DTC, de Lima Damasceno BPG. Effectiveness In Vivo and In Vitro of Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Drug Release System in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:286-307. [PMID: 36683370 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230120163543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by the parasite of the genus Leishmania. Current treatment regimens are obsolete and cause several side effects, promoting poor patient compliance, in addition to the vast majority already having the potential for resistance. Therefore, polymeric nanoparticles emerge as one of the viable alternatives to overcome existing limitations, through passive or active vectorization. This review aims to summarize the latest studies of polymeric nanoparticles as an alternative treatment for leishmaniasis. In the first section, the main pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic challenges of current drugs are reported. The second section details how nanoparticles with and without functionalization are efficient in the treatment of leishmaniasis, discussing the characteristics of the polymer in the formulation. In this way, polymeric nanoparticles can improve the physicochemical properties of leishmanicidal drugs, improving solubility and stability, as well as improve the release of these drugs, directly or indirectly reaching monocytes/macrophages. 64.28% drugs were focused on the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis, and 28.57% on cutaneous leishmaniasis. The most chosen polymers in the literature are chitosan (35.71%) and PLGA (35.71%), the others represented 14.30% drugs, with all able to manage the drug release and increase the in vitro and/or in vivo efficacy of the original molecule. However, there are several barriers for these nanoformulations to cross laboratory research and is necessary more in-depth studies about the metabolites and degradation pathways of the polymers used in the formulations and plasma proteomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Maria Coelho de Carvalho Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
| | | | - Kaline de Araújo Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
| | - João Augusto Oshiro Júnior
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
| | - Dayanne Tomaz Casimiro da Silva
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
| | - Bolívar Ponciano Goulart de Lima Damasceno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
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Rahiman N, Zamani P, Arabi L, Alavizadeh SH, Nikpoor A, Mashreghi M, Badiee A, Jaafari MR. Novel liposomal glatiramer acetate: Preparation and immunomodulatory evaluation in murine model of multiple sclerosis. Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123620. [PMID: 37981250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The frequent administration rate required for Glatiramer acetate (GA), a first-line therapy for Multiple sclerosis (MS), poses patient compliance issues. Only a small portion of the subcutaneously administered GA is available for phagocytosis by macrophages, as most of it is hydrolyzed at its administration site or excreted renally. To unravel these hurdles, we have prepared liposomal formulations of GA through thin film-hydration method plus extrusion. The clinical and histopathological efficacy of GA-loaded liposomes were assessed in prophylactic and therapeutic manners on murine model of MS (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)). The selected GA liposomal formulation showed favorable size (275 nm on average), high loading efficiency, and high macrophage localization. Moreover, administration of GA-liposomes in mice robustly suppressed the inflammatory responses and decreased the inflammatory and demyelinated lesion regions in CNS compared to the free GA with subsequent reduction of the EAE clinical score. Our study indicated that liposomal GA could be served as a reliable nanomedicine-based platform to hopefully curb MS-related aberrant autoreactive immune responses with higher efficacy, longer duration of action, fewer administration frequencies, and higher delivery rate to macrophages. This platform has the potential to be introduced as a vaccine for MS after clinical translation and merits further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rahiman
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Zamani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aminreza Nikpoor
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mashreghi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Badiee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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7
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Khunsuk PO, Pongma C, Palaga T, Hoven VP. Zwitterionic Polymer-Decorated Lipid Nanoparticles for mRNA Delivery in Mammalian Cells. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5654-5665. [PMID: 37956106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) play a key role in the effective transport of mRNA into cells for protein translation. Despite the stealthiness of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) that helps protect LNPs from protein absorption and blood clearance, the generation of anti-PEG antibodies resulting in PEG allergies remains a challenge for the development of an mRNA vaccine. Herein, a non-PEG lipid was developed by conjugating 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE) with an antifouling zwitterionic polymer, poly(2-methyacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), of different chain lengths. The PMPC-LNPs formulated from DPPE-PMPC were spherical (diameter ≈ 144-255 nm), neutral in charge, and stable at 4 °C for up to 28 days. Their fraction of stealthiness being close to 1 emphasized the antifouling characteristics of PMPC decorated on LNPs. The PMPC-LNPs were nontoxic to HEK293T cells, did not induce inflammatory responses in THP-1 cells, and exhibited an mRNA transfection efficiency superior to that of PEG-LNPs. This work demonstrated the potential of the developed zwitterionic polymer-conjugated LNPs as promising mRNA carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phim-On Khunsuk
- Program in Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chitsuda Pongma
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials and Bio-interfaces, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Voravee P Hoven
- Center of Excellence in Materials and Bio-interfaces, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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8
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Shi Y, Pan X, Xu S, Zhu H, Zhao B, Sun Z, Dong R, Li N, Hou X, Yang X. Synthesis of the pH-sensitive nanoparticles based on the acylhydrazone bonds conjugated doxorubicin and studies on their in vivo anti-tumor effects. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115715. [PMID: 37597438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to synthesize DHPD polymers through the conjugation of doxorubicin (DOX) molecules onto poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains via acylhydrazone bonds, and to fabricate pH-responsive DHPD nanoparticles (NPs) for investigation of their biosecurity and in vivo anti-tumor activity. The morphology, size distribution, stability, pH-responsiveness, biosecurity, and in vivo anti-tumor effects of the DHPD NPs were evaluated. Characterization of the DHPD polymers using 1H NMR, FTIR, and Raman spectra confirmed their successful synthesis. The DHPD NPs exhibited a round morphology with an average diameter of 144.4 ± 1.7 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.23 ± 0.02. Biosecurity studies indicated that the DHPD NPs were non-toxic to treated mice, and in vitro cell tests demonstrated their ability to be taken up by 4T1 cells. Under the acidic microenvironment of 4T1 cells, the acylhydrazone bonds were cleaved, resulting in increased DOX delivery to tumor cells and improved in vivo anti-tumor effects. Animal experiments confirmed that the DHPD NPs reduced DOX toxicity while enhancing its anti-tumor activity. Furthermore, results from the analysis of γ-interferon (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) indicated that the DHPD NPs improved the anti-4T1 tumor effect of DOX, suggesting their potential application in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China.
| | - Xiaofei Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Suyue Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Huiqing Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Bingqian Zhao
- Basic Medicine College, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- First Clinical College, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Ruoyi Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Na Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Xueyan Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, PR China.
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Yamaleyeva DN, Makita N, Hwang D, Haney MJ, Jordan R, Kabanov AV. Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Polyplexes as a PEG-Free Plasmid DNA Delivery Platform. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300177. [PMID: 37466165 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study expands the versatility of cationic poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) copolymers as a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-free platform for gene delivery to immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. Several block copolymers are developed by varying nonionic hydrophilic blocks (poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (pMeOx) or poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (pEtOx), cationic blocks, and an optional hydrophobic block (poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (iPrOx). The cationic blocks are produced by side chain modification of 2-methoxy-carboxyethyl-2-oxazoline (MestOx) block precursor with diethylenetriamine (DET) or tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN). For the attachment of a targeting ligand, mannose, azide-alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry methods are employed. Of the two cationic side chains, polyplexes made with DET-containing copolymers transfect macrophages significantly better than those made with TREN-based copolymer. Likewise, nontargeted pEtOx-based diblock copolymer is more active in cell transfection than pMeOx-based copolymer. The triblock copolymer with hydrophobic block iPrOx performs poorly compared to the diblock copolymer which lacks this additional block. Surprisingly, attachment of a mannose ligand to either copolymer is inhibitory for transfection. Despite similarities in size and design, mannosylated polyplexes result in lower cell internalization compared to nonmannosylated polyplexes. Thus, PEG-free, nontargeted DET-, and pEtOx-based diblock copolymer outperforms other studied structures in the transfection of macrophages and displays transfection levels comparable to GeneJuice, a commercial nonlipid transfection reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina N Yamaleyeva
- Joint UNC-CH and NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
| | - Naoki Makita
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Formulation Research & Development Laboratories, Technology Research & Development, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Suita, Osaka, 564-0053, Japan
| | - Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Matthew J Haney
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Joint UNC-CH and NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7575, USA
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10
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Koehler JK, Schmager S, Bender V, Steiner D, Massing U. Preparation of Nanosized Pharmaceutical Formulations by Dual Centrifugation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1519. [PMID: 38004385 PMCID: PMC10675754 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual centrifugation (DC) is an innovative in-vial homogenization and in-vial nanomilling technique that has been in use for the preparation of liposomes for more than one decade. Since then, DC has continuously been developed for preparing various liposomes and other lipid nanoparticles including emulsions and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as well as polymersomes and nanocrystals. Improvements in equipment technology have been achieved over the past decade, so that DC is now on its way to becoming the quasi-standard for the simple, fast, and aseptic production of lipid nanoparticles and nanocrystals in small and medium batch sizes, including the possibility of simple and fast formulation screening or bedside preparations of therapeutic nanoparticles. More than 68 publications in which DC was used to produce nanoparticles have appeared since then, justifying an initial review of the use of DC for pharmaceutical nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas K. Koehler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (J.K.K.); (S.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Stefanie Schmager
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (J.K.K.); (S.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Valentin Bender
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (J.K.K.); (S.S.); (V.B.)
| | - Denise Steiner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Massing
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (J.K.K.); (S.S.); (V.B.)
- Andreas Hettich GmbH & Co. KG, 78532 Tuttlingen, Germany
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11
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Berger M, Toussaint F, Djemaa SB, Laloy J, Pendeville H, Evrard B, Jerôme C, Lechanteur A, Mottet D, Debuigne A, Piel G. Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) derivatives as PEG alternatives for stealth, non-toxic and less immunogenic siRNA-containing lipoplex delivery. J Control Release 2023; 361:87-101. [PMID: 37482343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The recent approval of Onpattro® and COVID-19 vaccines has highlighted the value of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for the delivery of genetic material. If it is known that PEGylation is crucial to confer stealth properties to LNPs, it is also known that PEGylation is responsible for the decrease of the cellular uptake and endosomal escape and for the production of anti-PEG antibodies inducing accelerated blood clearance (ABC) and hypersensitivity reactions. Today, the development of PEG alternatives is crucial. Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PNVP) has shown promising results for liposome decoration but has never been tested for the delivery of nucleic acids. Our aim is to develop a series of amphiphilic PNVP compounds to replace lipids-PEG for the post-insertion of lipoplexes dedicated to siRNA delivery. PNVP compounds with different degrees of polymerization and hydrophobic segments, such as octadecyl, dioctadecyl and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE), were generated. Based on the physicochemical properties and the efficiency to reduce protein corona formation, we showed that the DSPE segment is essential for the integration into the lipoplexes. Lipoplexes post-grafted with 15% DSPE-PNVP30 resulted in gene silencing efficiency close to that of lipoplexes grafted with 15% DSPE-PEG. Finally, an in vivo study in mice confirmed the stealth properties of DSPE-PNVP30 lipoplexes as well as a lower immune response ABC effect compared to DSPE-PEG lipoplexes. Furthermore, we showed a lower immune response after the second injection with DSPE-PNVP30 lipoplexes compared to DSPE-PEG lipoplexes. All these observations suggest that DSPE-PNVP30 appears to be a promising alternative to PEG, with no toxicity, good stealth properties and lower immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Berger
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - François Toussaint
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Sanaa Ben Djemaa
- Gene Expression and Cancer Laboratory (GEC), GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Julie Laloy
- NNC Laboratory (NARILIS), Department of Pharmacy, University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Hélène Pendeville
- Platform Zebrafish Facility and Transgenics, GIGA, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Evrard
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Christine Jerôme
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Anna Lechanteur
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Denis Mottet
- Gene Expression and Cancer Laboratory (GEC), GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, University of Liège, Belgium.
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Belgium.
| | - Géraldine Piel
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Belgium.
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12
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Dąbkowska M, Kosiorowska A, Machaliński B. The Impact of Serum Protein Adsorption on PEGylated NT3-BDNF Nanoparticles-Distribution, Protein Release, and Cytotoxicity in a Human Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cell Model. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2236. [PMID: 37765206 PMCID: PMC10537189 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of biomolecules on nanoparticles' surface ultimately depends on the intermolecular forces, which dictate the mutual interaction transforming their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Therefore, a better understanding of the adsorption of serum proteins and their impact on nanoparticle physicochemical properties is of utmost importance for developing nanoparticle-based therapies. We investigated the interactions between potentially therapeutic proteins, neurotrophin 3 (NT3), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and polyethylene glycol (PEG), in a cell-free system and a retinal pigmented epithelium cell line (ARPE-19). The variance in the physicochemical properties of PEGylated NT3-BDNF nanoparticles (NPs) in serum-abundant and serum-free systems was studied using transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, multi-angle dynamic, and electrophoretic light scattering. Next, we compared the cellular response of ARPE-19 cells after exposure to PEGylated NT3-BDNF NPs in either a serum-free or complex serum environment by investigating protein release and cell cytotoxicity using ultracentrifuge, fluorescence spectroscopy, and confocal microscopy. After serum exposure, the decrease in the aggregation of PEGylated NT3-BDNF NPs was accompanied by increased cell viability and BDNF/NT3 in vitro release. In contrast, in a serum-free environment, the appearance of positively charged NPs with hydrodynamic diameters up to 900 nm correlated with higher cytotoxicity and limited BDNF/NT3 release into the cell culture media. This work provides new insights into the role of protein corona when considering the PEGylated nano-bio interface with implications for cytotoxicity, NPs' distribution, and BDNF and NT3 release profiles in the in vitro setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dąbkowska
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Pharmacy, Rybacka 1, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Alicja Kosiorowska
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Pharmacy, Rybacka 1, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
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13
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Najer A, Rifaie-Graham O, Yeow J, Adrianus C, Chami M, Stevens MM. Differences in Human Plasma Protein Interactions between Various Polymersomes and Stealth Liposomes as Observed by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200424. [PMID: 36447300 PMCID: PMC7615495 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A significant factor hindering the clinical translation of polymersomes as vesicular nanocarriers is the limited availability of comparative studies detailing their interaction with blood plasma proteins compared to liposomes. Here, polymersomes are self-assembled via film rehydration, solvent exchange, and polymerization-induced self-assembly using five different block copolymers. The hydrophilic blocks are composed of anti-fouling polymers, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOXA), and all the data is benchmarked to PEGylated "stealth" liposomes. High colloidal stability in human plasma (HP) is confirmed for all but two tested nanovesicles. In situ fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements are then performed after incubating unlabeled nanovesicles with fluorescently labeled HP or the specific labeled plasma proteins, human serum albumin, and clusterin (apolipoprotein J). The binding of HP to PMOXA-polymersomes could explain their relatively short circulation times found previously. In contrast, PEGylated liposomes also interact with HP but accumulate high levels of clusterin, providing them with their known prolonged circulation time. The absence of significant protein binding for most PEG-polymersomes indicates mechanistic differences in protein interactions and associated downstream effects, such as cell uptake and circulation time, compared to PEGylated liposomes. These are key observations for bringing polymersomes closer to clinical translation and highlighting the importance of such comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Najer
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Omar Rifaie-Graham
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan Yeow
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christopher Adrianus
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mohamed Chami
- BioEM lab, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ, UK
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14
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Khan MS, Baskoy SA, Yang C, Hong J, Chae J, Ha H, Lee S, Tanaka M, Choi Y, Choi J. Lipid-based colloidal nanoparticles for applications in targeted vaccine delivery. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1853-1869. [PMID: 36998671 PMCID: PMC10044484 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00795a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive molecules and their effects have been influenced by their solubility and administration route. In many therapeutic reagents, the performance of therapeutics is dependent on physiological barriers in the human body and delivery efficacy. Therefore, an effective and stable therapeutic delivery promotes pharmaceutical advancement and suitable biological usage of drugs. In the biological and pharmacological industries, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a potential carrier to deliver therapeutics. Since studies reported doxorubicin-loaded liposomes (Doxil®), LNPs have been applied to numerous clinical trials. Lipid-based nanoparticles, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanostructured lipid nanoparticles, have also been developed to deliver active ingredients in vaccines. In this review, we present the type of LNPs used to develop vaccines with attractive advantages. We then discuss messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery for the clinical application of mRNA therapeutic-loaded LNPs and recent research trend of LNP-based vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Khan
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University 350 Victoria Street Toronto M5B2K3 Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria Street Toronto M5B1W8 Canada
| | - Sila Appak Baskoy
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria Street Toronto M5B1W8 Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science 350 Victoria Street Toronto M5B2K3 ON Canada
| | - Celina Yang
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University 350 Victoria Street Toronto M5B2K3 Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria Street Toronto M5B1W8 Canada
| | - Joohye Hong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Chae
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Ha
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama-shi 226-8503 Kanagawa Japan
| | - Yonghyun Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
- Feynman Institute of Technology, Nanomedicine Corporation Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
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15
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Coating Materials to Increase the Stability of Liposomes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030782. [PMID: 36772080 PMCID: PMC10004256 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes carry various compounds with applications in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic fields, and the administration route is especially parenteral, oral, or transdermal. Liposomes are used to preserve and release the internal components, thus maintaining the properties of the compounds, the stability and shelf life of the encapsulated products, and their functional benefits. The main problem in obtaining liposomes at the industrial level is their low stability due to fragile phospholipid membranes. To increase the stability of liposomes, phospholipid bilayers have been modified or different coating materials have been developed and studied, both for liposomes with applications in the pharmaceutical field and liposomes in the food field. In the cosmetic field, liposomes need no additional coating because the liposomal formulation is intended to have a fast penetration into the skin. The aim of this review is to provide current knowledge regarding physical and chemical factors that influence stability, coating materials for liposomes with applications in the pharmaceutical and food fields to increase the stability of liposomes containing various sensitive compounds, and absorption of the liposomes and commercial liposomal products obtained through various technologies available on the market.
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16
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Zahednezhad F, Zakeri-Milani P, Mojarrad JS, Sarfraz M, Mahmoudian M, Baradaran B, Valizadeh H. Acetyl carnitine modified liposomes elevate cisplatin uptake in macrophage and cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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17
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Seaberg J, Clegg JR, Bhattacharya R, Mukherjee P. Self-Therapeutic Nanomaterials: Applications in Biology and Medicine. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2023; 62:190-224. [PMID: 36938366 PMCID: PMC10022599 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Over past decades, nanotechnology has contributed to the biomedical field in areas including detection, diagnosis, and drug delivery via opto-electronic properties or enhancement of biological effects. Though generally considered inert delivery vehicles, a plethora of past and present evidence demonstrates that nanomaterials also exude unique intrinsic biological activity based on composition, shape, and surface functionalization. These intrinsic biological activities, termed self-therapeutic properties, take several forms, including mediation of cell-cell interactions, modulation of interactions between biomolecules, catalytic amplification of biochemical reactions, and alteration of biological signal transduction events. Moreover, study of biomolecule-nanomaterial interactions offers a promising avenue for uncovering the molecular mechanisms of biology and the evolution of disease. In this review, we observe the historical development, synthesis, and characterization of self-therapeutic nanomaterials. Next, we discuss nanomaterial interactions with biological systems, starting with administration and concluding with elimination. Finally, we apply this materials perspective to advances in intrinsic nanotherapies across the biomedical field, from cancer therapy to treatment of microbial infections and tissue regeneration. We conclude with a description of self-therapeutic nanomaterials in clinical trials and share our perspective on the direction of the field in upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Seaberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- M.D./Ph.D. Program, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - John R. Clegg
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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18
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Münter R, Simonsen JB. Comment on "Optimal centrifugal isolating of liposome-protein complexes from human plasma" by L. Digiacomo, F. Giulimondi, A. L. Capriotti, S. Piovesana, C. M. Montone, R. Z. Chiozzi, A. Laganá, M. Mahmoudi, D. Pozzi and G. Caracciolo, Nanoscale Adv., 2021, 3, 3824. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 5:290-299. [PMID: 36605796 PMCID: PMC9765536 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00343k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In a recent paper in Nanoscale Advances, Digiacomo et al. conclude that centrifugation should be the method of choice for researchers who want to investigate the protein corona of liposomes for drug delivery in human plasma. In this Comment, we however propose the opposite - that centrifugation, in most cases, is unsuitable for isolating liposomes from human plasma. Our conclusion is based on the bulk literature on this and similar topics, and new experimental data based on formulations and protocols like the ones used by Digiacomo et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Münter
- Department of Health Technology, Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Jens B Simonsen
- Department of Health Technology, Biotherapeutic Engineering and Drug Targeting, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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19
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Shu L, Huang Z, Huang Y, Wu C, Pan X. Upon a potential approach to regulate the targeting region of inhalable liposomes. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2022; 37:480-486. [DOI: 10.1177/08839115221121862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Liposomes for inhalation have high biosafety and can achieve slow and controlled delivery, which are especially suitable for the treatment of lung diseases and have a promising clinical application prospect. However, liposomes for inhalation have the key bottleneck problem of the lack of strategies to control the targeting region, which restricts its clinical transformation. The root cause is the inability to control the bio-corona (BC) generation upon liposomes, which dominates the specific targeting regions. In order to overcome the above bottleneck, a high density hybrid liposome system based on distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)] (DSPE-PEG) may be a potential choice. The PEG chain in DSPE-PEG has “stealth” effect that can hinder the adsorption of biological molecules. When the density of DSPE-PEG hybridization is high, the “stealth” effect is more significant, and the total adsorption amount of liposomal BC can be effectively reduced. By optimizing the PEG chain structures of DSPE-PEG, viz PEG chain length and terminal group modification, DSPE-PEG high density hybrid liposomes can be endowed with the function of targeting site regulation based on BC domination effect. It is believed that this proposed system can promote the profound reform of the research paradigm of inhalational liposomes, and accelerate the development of related products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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20
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Zalba S, Ten Hagen TLM, Burgui C, Garrido MJ. Stealth nanoparticles in oncology: Facing the PEG dilemma. J Control Release 2022; 351:22-36. [PMID: 36087801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (Nps) have revolutionized the landscape of many treatments, by modifying not only pharmacokinetic properties of the encapsulated agent, but also providing a significant protection of the drug from non-desired interactions, and reducing side-effects of the enclosed therapeutic, enabling co-encapsulation of possibly synergistic compounds or activities, allowing a controlled release of content and improving the therapeutic effect. Nevertheless, in systemic circulation, Nps suffer a rapid removal by opsonisation and the action of Mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). To overcome this problem, different polymers, in particular Polyethyleneglycol (PEG), have been used to cover the surface of these nanocarriers forming a hydrophilic layer that allows the delay of the removal. These advantages contrast with some drawbacks such as the difficulty to interact with cell membranes and the development of immunological reactions, conforming the known, "PEG dilemma". To address and minimize this phenomenon, different strategies have been applied. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the state of the art of Pegylation strategies, comment in depth on the principal characteristics of PEG and describe the main alternatives, which are the use of cleavable PEG, addition of different polymers or even use other derivatives of cell membranes to camouflage Nps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zalba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Navarra; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, and Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Burgui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Navarra
| | - María J Garrido
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Navarra; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
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21
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Liu A, Yang G, Liu Y, Liu T. Research progress in membrane fusion-based hybrid exosomes for drug delivery systems. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:939441. [PMID: 36051588 PMCID: PMC9424752 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.939441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are the earliest and most widely used nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. Exosomes are nanosized membrane-bound particles and important mediators of intercellular communication. Combining liposomes and exosomes using various membrane fusion methods gives rise to a novel potential drug delivery system called membrane fusion-based hybrid exosomes (MFHE). These novel MFHEs not only exhibit potential advantageous features, such as high drug loading rate and targeted cellular uptake via surface modification, but are also endowed with high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. Here, we provide an overview of MFHEs’ various preparation methods, characterization strategies, and their applications for disease treatment and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yuehua Liu, ; Tingjiao Liu,
| | - Tingjiao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yuehua Liu, ; Tingjiao Liu,
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22
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Unnam S, Manjappa AS, Muddana Eswara BR, Salawi A, Gunti P. Liposomal Melphalan: Approach to obtain improved plasma stability, pharmacokinetics, and in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy in combination with liposomal simvastatin against mouse RPMI-8226 multiple myeloma model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Huppertsberg A, Leps C, Alberg I, Rosenauer C, Morsbach S, Landfester K, Tenzer S, Zentel R, Nuhn L. Squaric Ester-Based Nanogels Induce No Distinct Protein Corona but Entrap Plasma Proteins into their Porous Hydrogel Network. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200318. [PMID: 35687083 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
After intravenous administration of nanocarriers, plasma proteins may rapidly adsorb onto their surfaces. This process hampers the prediction of the nanocarriers' pharmacokinetics as it determines their physiological identity in a complex biological environment. Toward clinical translation it is therefore an essential prerequisite to investigate the nanocarriers' interaction with plasma proteins. Here, this work evaluates a highly "PEGylated" squaric ester-based nanogel with inherent prolonged blood circulation properties. After incubation with human blood plasma, the nanogels are isolated by asymmetrical flow-field flow fractionation. Multiangle light scattering measurements confirm the absence of significant size increases as well as aggregation upon plasma incubation. However, proteomic analyses by gel electrophoresis find minor absolute amounts of proteins (3 wt%), whereas label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry identify 65 enriched proteins. Interestingly, the relative abundance of these proteins is almost similar to their proportion in pure native plasma. Due to the nanogels' hydrated and porous network morphology, it is concluded that the detected proteins rather result from passive diffusion into the nanogel network than from specific interactions at the plasma particle interface. Consequently, these results do not indicate a classical surface protein corona but rather reflect the highly outer and inner stealth-like behavior of the porous hydrogel network.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Leps
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irina Alberg
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Svenja Morsbach
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lutz Nuhn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Nienhaus K, Xue Y, Shang L, Nienhaus GU. Protein adsorption onto nanomaterials engineered for theranostic applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:262001. [PMID: 35294940 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac5e6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The key role of biomolecule adsorption onto engineered nanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes has been well recognized by the nanobiotechnology community, and our mechanistic understanding of nano-bio interactions has greatly advanced over the past decades. Attention has recently shifted to gaining active control of nano-bio interactions, so as to enhance the efficacy of nanomaterials in biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize progress in this field and outline directions for future development. First, we briefly review fundamental knowledge about the intricate interactions between proteins and nanomaterials, as unraveled by a large number of mechanistic studies. Then, we give a systematic overview of the ways that protein-nanomaterial interactions have been exploited in biomedical applications, including the control of protein adsorption for enhancing the targeting efficiency of nanomedicines, the design of specific protein adsorption layers on the surfaces of nanomaterials for use as drug carriers, and the development of novel nanoparticle array-based sensors based on nano-bio interactions. We will focus on particularly relevant and recent examples within these areas. Finally, we conclude this topical review with an outlook on future developments in this fascinating research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yumeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States of America
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25
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Cao Y, Dong X, Chen X. Polymer-Modified Liposomes for Drug Delivery: From Fundamentals to Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040778. [PMID: 35456613 PMCID: PMC9026371 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are highly advantageous platforms for drug delivery. To improve the colloidal stability and avoid rapid uptake by the mononuclear phagocytic system of conventional liposomes while controlling the release of encapsulated agents, modification of liposomes with well-designed polymers to modulate the physiological, particularly the interfacial properties of the drug carriers, has been intensively investigated. Briefly, polymers are incorporated into liposomes mainly using “grafting” or “coating”, defined according to the configuration of polymers at the surface. Polymer-modified liposomes preserve the advantages of liposomes as drug-delivery carriers and possess specific functionality from the polymers, such as long circulation, precise targeting, and stimulus-responsiveness, thereby resulting in improved pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, toxicity, and therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we summarize the progress in polymer-modified liposomes for drug delivery, focusing on the change in physiological properties of liposomes and factors influencing the overall therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Cao
- Department of Electronic Chemicals, Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xinyan Dong
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Xuepeng Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.C.)
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26
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Berger S, Berger M, Bantz C, Maskos M, Wagner E. Performance of nanoparticles for biomedical applications: The in vitro/ in vivo discrepancy. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:011303. [PMID: 38505225 PMCID: PMC10903387 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has a great potential to revolutionize the therapeutic landscape. However, up-to-date results obtained from in vitro experiments predict the in vivo performance of nanoparticles weakly or not at all. There is a need for in vitro experiments that better resemble the in vivo reality. As a result, animal experiments can be reduced, and potent in vivo candidates will not be missed. It is important to gain a deeper knowledge about nanoparticle characteristics in physiological environment. In this context, the protein corona plays a crucial role. Its formation process including driving forces, kinetics, and influencing factors has to be explored in more detail. There exist different methods for the investigation of the protein corona and its impact on physico-chemical and biological properties of nanoparticles, which are compiled and critically reflected in this review article. The obtained information about the protein corona can be exploited to optimize nanoparticles for in vivo application. Still the translation from in vitro to in vivo remains challenging. Functional in vitro screening under physiological conditions such as in full serum, in 3D multicellular spheroids/organoids, or under flow conditions is recommended. Innovative in vivo screening using barcoded nanoparticles can simultaneously test more than hundred samples regarding biodistribution and functional delivery within a single mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig–Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Berger
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Bantz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, D-55129 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig–Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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Ventouri IK, Loeber S, Somsen GW, Schoenmakers PJ, Astefanei A. Field-flow fractionation for molecular-interaction studies of labile and complex systems: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1193:339396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sambamoorthy U, Manjappa AS, Eswara BRM, Sanapala AK, Nagadeepthi N. Vitamin E Oil Incorporated Liposomal Melphalan and Simvastatin: Approach to Obtain Improved Physicochemical Characteristics of Hydrolysable Melphalan and Anticancer Activity in Combination with Simvastatin Against Multiple Myeloma. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:23. [PMID: 34907484 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to develop vitamin E oil (VEO)-loaded liposomes for intravenous delivery and to study the VEO effect on melphalan (MLN) loading, release, and stability. Further, the research aim was to determine the in vitro anticancer activity and in vivo systemic toxicity of MLN and simvastatin (SVN) combinations, for repurposing SVN in multiple myeloma. The liposomes were prepared by thin-film hydration technique. The optimized liposomes were surface modified with Pluronic F108, lyophilized, and evaluated for mean particle size, MLN content and release behavior, and in vitro hemolysis, cytotoxicity, and macrophage uptake characteristics. Further, in vivo acute toxicity of plain MLN + SVN combination was determined in comparison to their liposomal combination. The VEO alone and in combination with D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) has significantly increased the MLN and SVN loading. The reconstituted liposomes showed the mean particle size below 200 nm (cryo-transmission electron microscope analysis also revealed the liposome formation). In presence of VEO, the liposomes have shown substantially controlled drug release, lower hemolysis, sustained cytotoxicity, lower phagocytosis, and moderately improved chemical stability. Besides, the effect of liposomal combination on mice bodyweight is found substantially lower than the plain drug combination. In conclusion, the VEO could be used along with phospholipids and cholesterol to develop liposomal drugs with improved physicochemical characteristics. Further, the interesting cytotoxicity study results indicated that SVN could be repurposed in combination with anticancer drug MLN against multiple myeloma; liposomal drugs could be preferred to obtain improved efficacy with decreased systemic toxicity.
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Rani NNIM, Chen XY, Al-Zubaidi ZM, Azhari H, Khaitir TMN, Ng PY, Buang F, Tan GC, Wong YP, Said MM, Butt AM, Hamid AA, Amin MCIM. Surface-engineered liposomes for dual-drug delivery targeting strategy against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 17:102-119. [PMID: 35261647 PMCID: PMC8888183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the encapsulation of vancomycin (VAN) into liposomes coated with a red blood cell membrane with a targeting ligand, daptomycin–polyethylene glycol–1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, formed by conjugation of DAPT and N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-polyethylene glycol-1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine. This formulation is capable of providing controlled and targeted drug delivery to the bacterial cytoplasm. We performed MALDI-TOF, NMR and FTIR analyses to confirm the conjugation of the targeting ligand via the formation of amide bonds. Approximately 45% of VAN could be loaded into the aqueous cores, whereas 90% DAPT was detected using UV–vis spectrophotometry. In comparison to free drugs, the formulations controlled the release of drugs for > 72 h. Additionally, as demonstrated using CLSM and flow cytometry, the resulting formulation was capable of evading detection by macrophage cells. In comparison to free drugs, red blood cell membrane–DAPT–VAN liposomes, DAPT liposomes, and VAN liposomes reduced the MIC and significantly increased bacterial permeability, resulting in > 80% bacterial death within 4 h. Cytotoxicity tests were performed in vitro and in vivo on mammalian cells, in addition to hemolytic activity tests in human erythrocytes, wherein drugs loaded into the liposomes and RBCDVL exhibited low toxicity. Thus, the findings of this study provide insight about a dual antibiotic targeting strategy that utilizes liposomes and red blood cell membranes to deliver targeted drugs against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak No.3, Perak 30450, Malaysia
| | - Xiang Yi Chen
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Zahraa M. Al-Zubaidi
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hanisah Azhari
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Tzar Mohd Nizam Khaitir
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Pei Yuen Ng
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Fhataheya Buang
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG66AD, United Kingdom
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Yin Ping Wong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mazlina Mohd Said
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Adeel Masood Butt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
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30
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Buya AB, Witika BA, Bapolisi AM, Mwila C, Mukubwa GK, Memvanga PB, Makoni PA, Nkanga CI. Application of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Antitubercular Drug Delivery: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2041. [PMID: 34959323 PMCID: PMC8708335 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial drugs currently used for the management of tuberculosis (TB) exhibit poor bioavailability that necessitates prolonged treatment regimens and high dosing frequency to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. In addition, these agents cause severe adverse effects, as well as having detrimental interactions with other drugs used in the treatment of comorbid conditions such as HIV/AIDS. The challenges associated with the current TB regimens contribute to low levels of patient adherence and, consequently, the development of multidrug-resistant TB strains. This has led to the urgent need to develop newer drug delivery systems to improve the treatment of TB. Targeted drug delivery systems provide higher drug concentrations at the infection site, thus leading to reduced incidences of adverse effects. Lipid-based nanocarriers have proven to be effective in improving the solubility and bioavailability of antimicrobials whilst decreasing the incidence of adverse effects through targeted delivery. The potential application of lipid-based carriers such as liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nano and microemulsions, and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems for the treatment of TB is reviewed herein. The composition of the investigated lipid-based carriers, their characteristics, and their influence on bioavailability, toxicity, and sustained drug delivery are also discussed. Overall, lipid-based systems have shown great promise in anti-TB drug delivery applications. The summary of the reviewed data encourages future efforts to boost the translational development of lipid-based nanocarriers to improve TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristote B. Buya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (A.B.B.); (G.K.M.); (P.B.M.)
| | - Bwalya A. Witika
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Alain M. Bapolisi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Public Health, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Chiluba Mwila
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Grady K. Mukubwa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (A.B.B.); (G.K.M.); (P.B.M.)
| | - Patrick B. Memvanga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (A.B.B.); (G.K.M.); (P.B.M.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Public Health, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu 570, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Pedzisai A. Makoni
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Christian I. Nkanga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (A.B.B.); (G.K.M.); (P.B.M.)
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31
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Onishchenko N, Tretiakova D, Vodovozova E. Spotlight on the protein corona of liposomes. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:57-78. [PMID: 34364016 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although an established drug delivery platform, liposomes have not fulfilled their true potential. In the body, interactions of liposomes are mediated by the layer of plasma proteins adsorbed on the surface, the protein corona. The review aims to collect the data of the last decade on liposome protein corona, tracing the path from interactions of individual proteins to the effects mediated by the protein corona in vivo. It offers a classification of the approaches to exploitation of the protein corona-rather than elimination thereof-based on the bilayer composition-corona composition-molecular interactions-biological performance framework. The multitude of factors that affect each level of this relationship urge to the widest implementation of bioinformatics tools to predict the most effective liposome compositions relying on the data on protein corona. Supplementing the picture with new pieces of accurately reported experimental data will contribute to the accuracy and efficiency of the predictions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The review focuses on liposomes as an established nanomedicine platform and analyzes the available data on how the protein corona formed on liposome surface in biological fluids affects performance of the liposomes. The review offers a rigorous account of existing literature and critical analysis of methodology currently applied to the assessment of liposome-plasma protein interactions. It introduces a classification of the approaches to exploitation of the protein corona and tailoring liposome carriers to advance the field of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for the benefit of patients.
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32
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Adler A, Inoue Y, Ekdahl KN, Baba T, Ishihara K, Nilsson B, Teramura Y. Effect of liposome surface modification with water-soluble phospholipid polymer chain-conjugated lipids on interaction with human plasma proteins. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:2512-2522. [PMID: 34617092 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01485d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative liposome surface coatings for PEGylation to evade the immune system, particularly the complement system, have garnered significant interest. We previously reported poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (MPC)-based lipids (PMPC-lipids) and investigated the surface modification of liposomes. In this study, we synthesize PMPC-lipids with polymerization degrees of 10 (MPC10-lipid), 20 (MPC20-lipid), 50 (MPC50-lipid), and 100 (MPC100-lipid), and coated liposomes with 1, 5, or 10 mol% PMPC-lipids (PMPC-liposomes). Non-modified and PEGylated liposomes are used as controls. We investigate the liposome size, surface charge, polydispersity index, and adsorption of plasma proteins to the liposomes post incubation in human plasma containing N,N,N',N'-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) or lepirudin by some methods such as sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), western blotting, and automated capillary western blot, with emphasis on the binding of complement protein C3. It is shown that the coating of liposome PMPC-lipids can suppress protein adsorption more effectively with an increase in the molecular weight and molar ratio (1-10 mol%). Apolipoprotein A-I is detected on PMPC-liposomes with a higher molecular weight and higher molar ratio of PMPC-lipids, whereas α2-macroglobulin is detected on non-modified, PEGylated, and PMPC-liposomes with a shorter polymer chain. In addition, a correlation is shown among the PMPC molecular weight, molar ratio, and C3 binding. The MPC10-lipid cannot inhibit C3 binding efficiently, whereas surface modifications with 10 mol% MPC20-lipid and 5 mol% and 10 mol% MPC50-lipid suppress both total protein and C3 binding. Hence, liposome modification with PMPC-lipids can be a possible strategy for avoiding complement activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Adler
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yuuki Inoue
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kristina N Ekdahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.,Linnaeus Center of Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Teruhiko Baba
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute (CMB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Bo Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yuji Teramura
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.,Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute (CMB), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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33
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Vikulina AS, Campbell J. Biopolymer-Based Multilayer Capsules and Beads Made via Templating: Advantages, Hurdles and Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2502. [PMID: 34684943 PMCID: PMC8537085 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the undeniable trends in modern bioengineering and nanotechnology is the use of various biomolecules, primarily of a polymeric nature, for the design and formulation of novel functional materials for controlled and targeted drug delivery, bioimaging and theranostics, tissue engineering, and other bioapplications. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, the possibility of replicating natural cellular microenvironments, and the minimal toxicity typical of biogenic polymers are features that have secured a growing interest in them as the building blocks for biomaterials of the fourth generation. Many recent studies showed the promise of the hard-templating approach for the fabrication of nano- and microparticles utilizing biopolymers. This review covers these studies, bringing together up-to-date knowledge on biopolymer-based multilayer capsules and beads, critically assessing the progress made in this field of research, and outlining the current challenges and perspectives of these architectures. According to the classification of the templates, the review sequentially considers biopolymer structures templated on non-porous particles, porous particles, and crystal drugs. Opportunities for the functionalization of biopolymer-based capsules to tailor them toward specific bioapplications is highlighted in a separate section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Vikulina
- Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg, 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Dr.-Mack-Straße, 77, 90762 Fürth, Germany
| | - Jack Campbell
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
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34
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Kristensen K, Münter R, Kempen PJ, Thomsen ME, Stensballe A, Andresen TL. Isolation methods commonly used to study the liposomal protein corona suffer from contamination issues. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:460-472. [PMID: 34116227 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The liposomal protein corona has been the focus of numerous studies, but there is still no consensus regarding its extent and composition. Rather, the literature is full of conflicting reports on the matter. To elucidate whether there could be a methodological explanation for this, we here scrutinize the efficiency of three commonly used liposome isolation methods at isolating stealth liposomes from human plasma. Firstly, we show that size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) in its standard form is prone to isolating unbound protein material together with the liposomes, but also that the method may be optimized to mitigate this issue. Secondly, we demonstrate that SEC in combination with membrane ultrafiltration is no better at removing the unbound protein material than SEC alone. Thirdly, we show that centrifugation is not able to pellet the liposomes. Overall, our results suggest that previous research on the liposomal protein corona may have suffered from significant methodological problems, in particular related to contaminant proteins interfering with the analysis of the protein corona. We believe that the data presented here may help guide future research around this challenge to reach a converging understanding about the properties of the protein corona on liposomes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Upon administration into the circulatory system, liposomal drug carriers encounter an environment rich in proteins. These proteins may adsorb to the liposomes to form what is known as the protein corona, potentially governing the interactions of the liposomes with tissues and cells. However, despite decades of intense research efforts, there is currently no clear understanding about the extent and composition of the liposomal protein corona, making it impossible to assess its mechanistic importance. Here we report that the methods commonly used to isolate liposomes from blood plasma or serum to study the protein corona are susceptible to protein contamination. This may be the underlying technical reason for the current confusion about the characteristics of the liposomal protein corona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Kristensen
- DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Rasmus Münter
- DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paul J Kempen
- DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikkel E Thomsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Andresen
- DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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35
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Adler A, Inoue Y, Sato Y, Ishihara K, Ekdahl KN, Nilsson B, Teramura Y. Synthesis of poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)-conjugated lipids and their characterization and surface properties of modified liposomes for protein interactions. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5854-5867. [PMID: 34286724 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00570g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is frequently used for liposomal surface modification. However, as PEGylated liposomes are cleared rapidly from circulation upon repeated injections, substitutes of PEG are being sought. We focused on a water-soluble polymer composed of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) units, and synthesized poly(MPC) (PMPC)-conjugated lipid (PMPC-lipid) with degrees of MPC polymerization ranging from 10 to 100 (calculated molecular weight: 3 to 30 kDa). In addition, lipids with three different alkyl chains, myristoyl, palmitoyl, and stearoyl, were applied for liposomal surface coating. We studied the interactions of PMPC-lipids with plasma albumin, human complement protein C3 and fibrinogen using a quartz crystal microbalance with energy dissipation, and found that adsorption of albumin, C3 and fibrinogen could be suppressed by coating with PMPC-lipids. In particular, the effect was more pronounced for PMPC chains with higher molecular weight. We evaluated the size, polydispersity index, surface charge, and membrane fluidity of the PMPC-lipid-modified liposomes. We found that the effect of the coating on the dispersion stability was maintained over a long period (98 days). Furthermore, we also demonstrated that the anti-PEG antibody did not interact with PMPC-lipids. Thus, our findings suggest that PMPC-lipids can be used for liposomal coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Adler
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Gharpure S, Ankamwar B. Use of nanotechnology in combating coronavirus. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:358. [PMID: 34221822 PMCID: PMC8238387 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent COVID-19 pandemic situation caused due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affected global health as well as economics. There is global attention on prevention, diagnosis as well as treatment of COVID-19 infection which would help in easing the current situation. The use of nanotechnology and nanomedicine has been considered to be promising due to its excellent potential in managing various medical issues such as viruses which is a major threat. Nanoparticles have shown great potential in various biomedical applications and can prove to be of great use in antiviral therapy, especially over other conventional antiviral agents. This review focusses on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and the progression of the COVID-19 disease followed by currently available treatments for the same. Use of nanotechnology has been elaborated by exploiting various nanoparticles like metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles as well as lipid-based nanoparticles along with its mechanism of action against viruses which can prove to be beneficial in COVID-19 therapeutics. However, it needs to be considered that use of these nanotechnology-based approaches in COVID-19 therapeutics only aids the human immunity in fighting the infection. The main function is performed by the immune system in combatting any infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saee Gharpure
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Balaprasad Ankamwar
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
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37
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Quattrini F, Berrecoso G, Crecente-Campo J, Alonso MJ. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation as a multifunctional technique for the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:373-395. [PMID: 33521866 PMCID: PMC7987708 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The importance of polymeric nanocarriers in the field of drug delivery is ever-increasing, and the accurate characterization of their properties is paramount to understand and predict their behavior. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is a fractionation technique that has gained considerable attention for its gentle separation conditions, broad working range, and versatility. AF4 can be hyphenated to a plurality of concentration and size detectors, thus permitting the analysis of the multifunctionality of nanomaterials. Despite this potential, the practical information that can be retrieved by AF4 and its possible applications are still rather unfamiliar to the pharmaceutical scientist. This review was conceived as a primer that clearly states the "do's and don'ts" about AF4 applied to the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Aside from size characterization, AF4 can be beneficial during formulation optimization, for drug loading and drug release determination and for the study of interactions among biomaterials. It will focus mainly on the advances made in the last 5 years, as well as indicating the problematics on the consensus, which have not been reached yet. Methodological recommendations for several case studies will be also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Quattrini
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Germán Berrecoso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Singular Research Centers, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), IDIS Research Institute, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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38
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De Leo V, Milano F, Agostiano A, Catucci L. Recent Advancements in Polymer/Liposome Assembly for Drug Delivery: From Surface Modifications to Hybrid Vesicles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1027. [PMID: 33810273 PMCID: PMC8037206 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are consolidated and attractive biomimetic nanocarriers widely used in the field of drug delivery. The structural versatility of liposomes has been exploited for the development of various carriers for the topical or systemic delivery of drugs and bioactive molecules, with the possibility of increasing their bioavailability and stability, and modulating and directing their release, while limiting the side effects at the same time. Nevertheless, first-generation vesicles suffer from some limitations including physical instability, short in vivo circulation lifetime, reduced payload, uncontrolled release properties, and low targeting abilities. Therefore, liposome preparation technology soon took advantage of the possibility of improving vesicle performance using both natural and synthetic polymers. Polymers can easily be synthesized in a controlled manner over a wide range of molecular weights and in a low dispersity range. Their properties are widely tunable and therefore allow the low chemical versatility typical of lipids to be overcome. Moreover, depending on their structure, polymers can be used to create a simple covering on the liposome surface or to intercalate in the phospholipid bilayer to give rise to real hybrid structures. This review illustrates the main strategies implemented in the field of polymer/liposome assembly for drug delivery, with a look at the most recent publications without neglecting basic concepts for a simple and complete understanding by the reader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo De Leo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Milano
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Angela Agostiano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Lucia Catucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
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Li M, Jiang S, Simon J, Paßlick D, Frey ML, Wagner M, Mailänder V, Crespy D, Landfester K. Brush Conformation of Polyethylene Glycol Determines the Stealth Effect of Nanocarriers in the Low Protein Adsorption Regime. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:1591-1598. [PMID: 33560851 PMCID: PMC8023711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
For nanocarriers with low protein affinity, we show that the interaction of nanocarriers with cells is mainly affected by the density, the molecular weight, and the conformation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains bound to the nanocarrier surface. We achieve a reduction of nonspecific uptake of ovalbumin nanocarriers by dendritic cells using densely packed PEG chains with a "brush" conformation instead of the collapsed "mushroom" conformation. We also control to a minor extent the dysopsonin adsorption by tailoring the conformation of attached PEG on the nanocarriers. The brush conformation of PEG leads to a stealth behavior of the nanocarriers with inhibited uptake by phagocytic cells, which is a prerequisite for successful in vivo translation of nanomedicine to achieve long blood circulation and targeted delivery. We can clearly correlate the brush conformation of PEG with inhibited phagocytic uptake of the nanocarriers. This study shows that, in addition to the surface's chemistry, the conformation of polymers controls cellular interactions of the nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Li
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johanna Simon
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Dermatology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Paßlick
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Dermatology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Frey
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Dermatology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science
and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute
of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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40
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Cardoso VMDO, Moreira BJ, Comparetti EJ, Sampaio I, Ferreira LMB, Lins PMP, Zucolotto V. Is Nanotechnology Helping in the Fight Against COVID-19? FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2020.588915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Richtering W, Alberg I, Zentel R. Nanoparticles in the Biological Context: Surface Morphology and Protein Corona Formation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002162. [PMID: 32856393 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A recent paper demonstrated that the formation of a protein corona is not a general property of all types of nanosized objects. In fact, it varies between a massive aggregation of plasma proteins onto the nanoparticle down to traces (e.g., a few proteins per 10 nanoparticles), which can only be determined by mass spectrometry in comparison to appropriate negative controls and background subtraction. Here, differences between various types of nanosized objects are discussed in order to determine general structure-property-relations from a physico-chemical viewpoint. It is highlighted that "not all nanoparticles are alike" and shown that their internal morphology, especially the difference between a strongly hydrated/swollen shell versus a sharp "hard" surface and its accessibility, is most relevant for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Irina Alberg
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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42
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Development and in vitro evaluation of BSA-coated liposomes containing Zn (II) phthalocyanine-containing ferrocene groups for photodynamic therapy of lung cancer. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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43
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Gleue L, Schupp J, Zimmer N, Becker E, Frey H, Tuettenberg A, Helm M. Stability of Alkyl Chain-Mediated Lipid Anchoring in Liposomal Membranes. Cells 2020; 9:E2213. [PMID: 33003620 PMCID: PMC7599733 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid exchange among biological membranes, lipoprotein particles, micelles, and liposomes is an important yet underrated phenomenon with repercussions throughout the life sciences. The premature loss of lipid molecules from liposomal formulations severely impacts therapeutic applications of the latter and thus limits the type of lipids and lipid conjugates available for fine-tuning liposomal properties. While cholesterol derivatives, with their irregular lipophilic surface shape, are known to readily undergo lipid exchange and interconvert, e.g., with serum, the situation is unclear for lipids with regular, linear-shaped alkyl chains. This study compares the propensity of fluorescence-labeled lipid conjugates of systematically varied lengths to migrate from liposomal particles consisting mainly of egg phosphatidyl choline 3 (EPC3) and cholesterol into biomembranes. We show that dialkyl glyceryl lipids with chains of 18-20 methylene units are inherently stable in liposomal membranes. In contrast, C16 lipids show some lipid exchange, albeit significantly less than comparable cholesterol conjugates. Remarkably, the C18 chain length, which confers noticeable anchor stability, corresponds to the typical chain length in biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Gleue
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Jonathan Schupp
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Niklas Zimmer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Eyleen Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (E.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (E.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Andrea Tuettenberg
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.S.); (N.Z.)
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
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44
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Theranostic verteporfin- loaded lipid-polymer liposome for photodynamic applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 212:112039. [PMID: 33002779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study we report a novel theranostic lipid-polymer liposome, obtained from DPPC and the triblock copolymer F127 covalently modified with 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) for photodynamic applications. Due to the presence of F127, small unilamellar vesicle (SUV) liposomes were synthesized by a simple and fast thin-film hydration method without the need for an extrusion process. The vesicles have around 100 nm, low polydispersity and superb solution stability. The clinically used photosensitizer verteporfin (VP) was entrapped into the vesicles, mostly in monomeric form, with 90% loading efficiency. Stern-Volmer and fluorescence lifetime assays showed heterogeneous distribution of the VP and CF into the vesicles, ensuring the integrity of their individual photophysical properties. The theranostic properties were entirely photoactivatable and can be trigged by a unique wavelength (470 nm). The feasibility of the system was tested against the Glioblastoma multiforme cell line T98G. Cellular uptake by time-resolved fluorescence microscopy showed monomerized VP (monoexponential decay, 6.0 ns) at nucleus level, while CF was detected at the membrane by fluorescence microscopy. The strategy's success was supported by the reduction of 98% in the viability of T98G cells by the photoactivated lipid-polymer liposome with [VP] = 1.0 μmol L-1. Therefore, the novel theranostic liposome is a potential system for use in cancer and ocular disease therapies.
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45
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Simonsen JB, Münter R. Pay Attention to Biological Nanoparticles when Studying the Protein Corona on Nanomedicines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12584-12588. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens B. Simonsen
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Rasmus Münter
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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46
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Simonsen JB, Münter R. Pay Attention to Biological Nanoparticles when Studying the Protein Corona on Nanomedicines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens B. Simonsen
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Rasmus Münter
- Department of Health Technology Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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47
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Cuneo T, Gao H. Recent advances on synthesis and biomaterials applications of hyperbranched polymers. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 12:e1640. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Cuneo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Indiana USA
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48
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Alberg I, Kramer S, Schinnerer M, Hu Q, Seidl C, Leps C, Drude N, Möckel D, Rijcken C, Lammers T, Diken M, Maskos M, Morsbach S, Landfester K, Tenzer S, Barz M, Zentel R. Polymeric Nanoparticles with Neglectable Protein Corona. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907574. [PMID: 32250017 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding of nanoparticle-protein interactions indicates that they rapidly adsorb proteins upon introduction into a living organism. The formed protein corona determines thereafter identity and fate of nanoparticles in the body. The present study evaluates the protein affinity of three core-crosslinked polymeric nanoparticles with long circulation times, differing in the hydrophilic polymer material forming the particle surface, namely poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide) (pHPMA), polysarcosine (pSar), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). This includes the nanotherapeutic CPC634, which is currently in clinical phase II evaluation. To investigate possible protein corona formation, the nanoparticles are incubated in human blood plasma and separated by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4). Notably, light scattering shows no detectable differences in particle size or polydispersity upon incubation with plasma for all nanoparticles, while in gel electrophoresis, minor amounts of proteins can be detected in the particle fraction. Label-free quantitative proteomics is additionally applied to analyze and quantify the composition of the proteins. It proves that some proteins are enriched, but their concentration is significantly less than one protein per particle. Thus, most of the nanoparticles are not associated with any proteins. Therefore, this work underlines that polymeric nanoparticles can be synthesized, for which a protein corona formation does not take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Alberg
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Stefan Kramer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Meike Schinnerer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Qizhi Hu
- Cristal Therapeutics, Oxfordlaan 55, Maastricht, 6229 EV, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Seidl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Christian Leps
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Natascha Drude
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Forckenbecktrasse 55, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Diana Möckel
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Forckenbecktrasse 55, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Cristianne Rijcken
- Cristal Therapeutics, Oxfordlaan 55, Maastricht, 6229 EV, The Netherlands
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Forckenbecktrasse 55, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University gGmbH, Freiligrathstr. 12, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Michael Maskos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, Mainz, 55129, Germany
| | - Svenja Morsbach
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, D-55128, Germany
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49
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Rampado R, Crotti S, Caliceti P, Pucciarelli S, Agostini M. Recent Advances in Understanding the Protein Corona of Nanoparticles and in the Formulation of "Stealthy" Nanomaterials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:166. [PMID: 32309278 PMCID: PMC7145938 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the staggering progress in nanotechnology brought around a wide and heterogeneous range of nanoparticle-based platforms for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Most of these systems are designed to be administered intravenously. This administration route allows the nanoparticles (NPs) to widely distribute in the body and reach deep organs without invasive techniques. When these nanovectors encounter the biological environment of systemic circulation, a dynamic interplay occurs between the circulating proteins and the NPs, themselves. The set of proteins that bind to the NP surface is referred to as the protein corona (PC). PC has a critical role in making the particles easily recognized by the innate immune system, causing their quick clearance by phagocytic cells located in organs such as the lungs, liver, and spleen. For the same reason, PC defines the immunogenicity of NPs by priming the immune response to them and, ultimately, their immunological toxicity. Furthermore, the protein corona can cause the physical destabilization and agglomeration of particles. These problems induced to consider the PC only as a biological barrier to overcome in order to achieve efficient NP-based targeting. This review will discuss the latest advances in the characterization of PC, development of stealthy NP formulations, as well as the manipulation and employment of PC as an alternative resource for prolonging NP half-life, as well as its use in diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Rampado
- First Surgical Clinic Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Paediatric Research-Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Crotti
- Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Paediatric Research-Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- First Surgical Clinic Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- First Surgical Clinic Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Nano-Inspired Biomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Paediatric Research-Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
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50
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Wagner J, Li L, Simon J, Krutzke L, Landfester K, Mailänder V, Müllen K, Ng DYW, Wu Y, Weil T. Amphiphilic Polyphenylene Dendron Conjugates for Surface Remodeling of Adenovirus 5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5712-5720. [PMID: 31943635 PMCID: PMC7155148 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic surface groups play an important role in many biological processes. The synthesis of amphiphilic polyphenylene dendrimer branches (dendrons), providing alternating hydrophilic and lipophilic surface groups and one reactive ethynyl group at the core is reported. The amphiphilic surface groups serve as biorecognition units that bind to the surface of adenovirus 5 (Ad5), which is a common vector in gene therapy. The Ad5/dendron complexes showed high gene transduction efficiencies in coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR)-negative cells. Moreover, the dendrons offer incorporation of new functions at the dendron core by in situ post-modifications, even when bound to the Ad5 surface. Surfaces coated with these dendrons were analyzed for their blood-protein binding capacity, which is essential to predict their performance in the blood stream. A new platform for introducing bioactive groups to the Ad5 surface without chemically modifying the virus particles is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Graduate School Materials Science in MainzStaudingerweg 955128MainzGermany
| | - Longjie Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia MedicaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology1037 Luoyu Road430074WuhanChina
| | - Johanna Simon
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzLangenbeckstr. 155131MainzGermany
| | - Lea Krutzke
- University UlinicDepartment of Gene TherapyHelmholtzstr. 8/189081UlmGermany
| | | | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzLangenbeckstr. 155131MainzGermany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - David Y. W. Ng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia MedicaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology1037 Luoyu Road430074WuhanChina
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
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