1
|
Petla RK, Lindsey I, Li J, Meng X. Interface Modifications of Lithium Metal Anode for Lithium Metal Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202400281. [PMID: 38573033 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) enable much higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and thus hold great promise for future transportation electrification. However, the adoption of lithium metal (Li) as an anode poses serious concerns about cell safety and performance, which has been hindering LMBs from commercialization. To this end, extensive effort has been invested in understanding the underlying mechanisms theoretically and experimentally and developing technical solutions. In this review, we devote to providing a comprehensive review of the challenges, characterizations, and interfacial engineering of Li anodes in both liquid and solid LMBs. We expect that this work will stimulate new efforts and help peer researchers find new solutions for the commercialization of LMBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Petla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Ian Lindsey
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Jianlin Li
- Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shim J, Kim YJ, Bang JH. Surface Pinning of Mn by Oxidation State Control for the Synthesis of Cobalt-Free, Ni-Rich, Core/Shell Structured Cathode Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400518. [PMID: 38747079 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Motivated by the increasing cost, environmental concerns, and limited availability of Co, researchers are actively seeking alternative cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. A promising strategy involves structure-modified materials, such as a NiMn core/shell system. This design leverages the high energy density of a Ni-rich core while employing an Mn-rich shell to enhance interfacial stability by suppressing unwanted reactions with the electrolyte. This approach offers improved cycling stability and reduced reliance on Co. However, the interdiffusion of Mn ions between the core and shell remains a significant challenge during synthesis. This work presents a facile approach to address the issue of Mn interdiffusion in core/shell cathode materials. The study demonstrates that partial oxidation of the precursor during the drying stage effectively enhances the Mn oxidation state. This strategy successfully suppresses Mn interdiffusion during subsequent calcination, leading to the preservation of the core/shell architecture in the final cathode material. This optimized structure mitigates interfacial reactions, enhances chemomechanical properties, and reduces crosstalk, a major contributor to rollover failure. This work presents a novel approach for synthesizing high-performance core/shell cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JinHa Shim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Bang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun C, Zhao B, Jing Z, Zhang H, Wen Q, Chen H, Zhang X, Zheng J. Suppressed Electrolyte Decomposition Behavior to Improve Cycling Performance of LiCoO 2 under 4.6 V through the Regulation of Interfacial Adsorption Forces. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309657. [PMID: 38654462 PMCID: PMC11220708 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Alleviating the decomposition of the electrolyte is of great significance to improving the cycle stability of cathodes, especially for LiCoO2 (LCO), its volumetric energy density can be effectively promoted by increasing the charge cutoff voltage to 4.6 V, thereby supporting the large-scale application of clean energy. However, the rapid decomposition of the electrolyte under 4.6 V conditions not only loses the transport carrier for lithium ion, but also produces HF and insulators that destroy the interface of LCO and increase impedance. In this work, the decomposition of electrolyte is effectively suppressed by changing the adsorption force between LCO interface and EC. Density functional theory illustrates the LCO coated with lower electronegativity elements has a weaker adsorption force with the electrolyte, the adsorption energy between LCO@Mg and EC (0.49 eV) is weaker than that of LCO@Ti (0.73 eV). Meanwhile, based on the results of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, conductivity-atomic force microscopy, in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance, as the adsorption force increases, the electrolyte decomposes more seriously. This work provides a new perspective on the interaction between electrolyte and the interface of cathode and further improves the understanding of electrolyte decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery MaterialsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
- National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key LaboratoryCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake ResourcesQinghai Institute of Salt LakesChinese Academy of SciencesXining810008China
| | - Zhuan‐fang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake ResourcesQinghai Institute of Salt LakesChinese Academy of SciencesXining810008China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China
| | - Qing Wen
- School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery MaterialsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
- National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key LaboratoryCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - He‐zhang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtanHunan411201China
| | - Xia‐hui Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery MaterialsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
- National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key LaboratoryCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| | - Jun‐chao Zheng
- School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery MaterialsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
- National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key LaboratoryCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo J, Xu Y, Li P, Pedersen K, Gaberšček M, Stroe DI. Can Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy be Replaced by Direct Current Techniques in Battery Diagnosis? Chemphyschem 2024:e202400528. [PMID: 38945822 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a conventional and alternating-current-(AC)-based technique for impedance measurement, is commonly used in battery diagnosis. However, it requires expensive equipment and demanding operating conditions and is complex and model-dependent in data analysis. Recently, novel direct current (DC) analytics have emerged as an alternative to EIS. They are simple yet powerful, being capable of revealing impedance information that traditionally could only be obtained through EIS and determining Li-ion diffusion coefficient. Besides, a complete EIS spectrum can be predicted based on constant current charging curves in the support of machine learning methods. This work highlights the similarities and discrepancies between DC techniques and EIS in the electrochemical analysis of Li-ion batteries. Looking ahead, DC techniques may be a promising substitute for EIS in future battery diagnosis, requiring simplified equipment while offering a deep understanding of battery impedance and its underlying electrochemical processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yaolin Xu
- Institute of Electrochemical Energy Storage (CE-IEES), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB), Berlin, 14109, Germany
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland
| | - Pengwei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Pedersen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Miran Gaberšček
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Z, Che X, Wang D, Wang Y, He X, Zhu Y, Zhang B. Non-Fluorinated Ethers to Mitigate Electrode Surface Reactivity in High-Voltage NCM811-Li Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404109. [PMID: 38624089 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) with nickel (Ni)-rich layered oxide cathodes exhibit twice the energy density of conventional Li-ion batteries. However, their lifespan is limited by severe side reactions caused by high electrode reactivity. Fluorinated solvent-based electrolytes can address this challenge, but they pose environmental and biological hazards. This work reports on the molecular engineering of fluorine (F)-free ethers to mitigate electrode surface reactivity in high-voltage Ni-rich LMBs. By merely extending the alkyl chains of traditional ethers, we effectively reduce the catalytic reactivity of the cathode towards the electrolyte at high voltages, which suppresses the oxidation decomposition of the electrolyte, microstructural defects and rock-salt phase formation in the cathode, and gas release issues. The high-voltage Ni-rich NCM811-Li battery delivers capacity retention of 80 % after 250 cycles with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.85 %, even superior to that in carbonate electrolytes. Additionally, this strategy facilitates passivation of the Li anode by forming a robust solid-electrolyte interphase, boosting the Li reversibility to 99.11 % with a cycling life of 350 cycles, which outperforms conventional F-free ether electrolytes. Consequently, the lifespan of practical LMBs has been prolonged by over 100 % and 500 % compared to those in conventional carbonate- and ether-based electrolytes, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Department of Applied Physics & Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangli Che
- Department of Applied Physics & Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Danni Wang
- Department of Applied Physics & Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Applied Physics & Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei He
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics & Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics & Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li H, Chen Z, Zheng L, Wang J, Adenusi H, Passerini S, Zhang H. Electrolyte Strategies Facilitating Anion-Derived Solid-Electrolyte Interphases for Aqueous Zinc-Metal Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300554. [PMID: 37421218 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-metal batteries (AZBs) are a promising complimentary technology to the existing lithium-ion batteries and the re-emerging lithium-metal batteries to satisfy the increasing demands on energy storage. Despite considerable progress achieved in the past years, the fundamental understanding of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and how its composition influences the SEI properties are limited. This review highlights the functionalities of anion-tuned SEI on the reversibility of zinc-metal anode, with a specific emphasis on new structural insights obtained through advanced characterizations and computational techniques. Recent efforts in terms of key variables that govern the interfacial behaviors to improve the long-term stability of zinc anode, i.e., Coulombic efficiency, plating morphology, dendrite formation, and side-reactions, are comprehensively reviewed. Lastly, the remaining challenges and future perspectives are presented, providing insights into the rational design of practical high-performance AZBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Henry Adenusi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Huang Zhang
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen Z, Deng Y, Kong J, Fu W, Liu C, Jin T, Jiao L. Toward the High-Voltage Stability of Layered Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Challenges, Progress, and Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402008. [PMID: 38511531 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have garnered significant attention as ideal candidates for large-scale energy storage due to their notable advantages in terms of resource availability and cost-effectiveness. However, there remains a substantial energy density gap between SIBs and commercially available lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), posing challenges to meeting the requirements of practical applications. The fabrication of high-energy cathodes has emerged as an efficient approach to enhancing the energy density of SIBs, which commonly requires cathodes operating in high-voltage regions. Layered oxide cathodes (LOCs), with low cost, facile synthesis, and high theoretical specific capacity, have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for commercial applications. However, LOCs encounter significant challenges when operated in high-voltage regions such as irreversible phase transitions, migration and dissolution of metal cations, loss of reactive oxygen, and the occurrence of serious interfacial parasitic reactions. These issues ultimately result in severe degradation in battery performance. This review aims to shed light on the key challenges and failure mechanisms encountered by LOCs when operated in high-voltage regions. Additionally, the corresponding strategies for improving the high-voltage stability of LOCs are comprehensively summarized. By providing fundamental insights and valuable perspectives, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of high-energy SIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yuyu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ji Kong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Weibin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chenyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ting Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lifang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li S, Yang K, Quan Y, Wang H, Hu L, Li B, Zhao D. Precycling Strategy in Suitable Voltage to Improve the Stability of Interfacial Film and Suppress the Decline of LiNi 0.6Mn 0.2Co 0.2O 2 Cathode at Elevated Temperatures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26245-26256. [PMID: 38739838 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Layered ternary oxide LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 is a promising cathode candidate for high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the capacity of LIBs is significantly restricted by several factors, including the repeated dissolution-regeneration of the interfacial film at high temperatures, the dissolution of transition metals, and the increase of impedance. Herein, a new precycling strategy in suitable voltage scope at room temperature is proposed to construct a uniform, thermally stable, and insoluble cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI), which helps to maintain stable cycling performances at high temperatures. Specifically, after 5 precycles in the range of 3.85-4.3 V at room temperature, a CEI layer containing numerous inorganic components and oligomers is formed on the surface of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2. Subsequently, the harmful side reactions are effectively suppressed, endowing the cell with an excellent capacity retention of 84.67% after 50 cycles at 0.5C and 55 °C, much higher than that of 65.61% under the conventional film-forming process conditions. This work emphasizes the crucial role of the precycling strategy in regulating the characteristics of CEI layer on the surface of cathode electrode, opening up a new avenue for the high-temperature application of positive electrodes of LIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyou Li
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Electrolyte Material for Lithium-Ion Battery, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China
| | - Kerong Yang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Yin Quan
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Ling Hu
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Baoqiang Li
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Dongni Zhao
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Electrolyte Material for Lithium-Ion Battery, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li CY, Tian ZQ. Sixty years of electrochemical optical spectroscopy: a retrospective. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3579-3605. [PMID: 38421335 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Sixty years ago, Reddy, Devanatan, and Bockris performed the first in situ electrochemical ellipsometry experiment, which ushered in a new era in the study of electrochemistry, using optical spectroscopy. After six decades of development, electrochemical optical spectroscopy, particularly electrochemical vibrational spectroscopy, has advanced from a phase of immaturity with few methods and limited applications to a phase of maturity with excellent substrate generality and significantly improved resolutions. Here, we divide the development of electrochemical optical spectroscopy into four phases, focusing on the proof-of-concept of different electrochemical optical spectroscopy studies, the emergence of plasmonic enhancement-based electrochemical optical spectroscopic (in particular vibrational spectroscopic) methods, the realization of electrochemical vibrational spectroscopy on well-defined surfaces, and the efforts to achieve operando spectroelectrochemical applications. Finally, we discuss the future development trend of electrochemical optical spectroscopy, as well as examples of new methodology and research paradigms for operando spectroelectrochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Y, Yang X, Meng Y, Wen Z, Han R, Hu X, Sun B, Kang F, Li B, Zhou D, Wang C, Wang G. Fluorine Chemistry in Rechargeable Batteries: Challenges, Progress, and Perspectives. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3494-3589. [PMID: 38478597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The renewable energy industry demands rechargeable batteries that can be manufactured at low cost using abundant resources while offering high energy density, good safety, wide operating temperature windows, and long lifespans. Utilizing fluorine chemistry to redesign battery configurations/components is considered a critical strategy to fulfill these requirements due to the natural abundance, robust bond strength, and extraordinary electronegativity of fluorine and the high free energy of fluoride formation, which enables the fluorinated components with cost effectiveness, nonflammability, and intrinsic stability. In particular, fluorinated materials and electrode|electrolyte interphases have been demonstrated to significantly affect reaction reversibility/kinetics, safety, and temperature tolerance of rechargeable batteries. However, the underlining principles governing material design and the mechanistic insights of interphases at the atomic level have been largely overlooked. This review covers a wide range of topics from the exploration of fluorine-containing electrodes, fluorinated electrolyte constituents, and other fluorinated battery components for metal-ion shuttle batteries to constructing fluoride-ion batteries, dual-ion batteries, and other new chemistries. In doing so, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-property interactions, the features of fluorinated interphases, and cutting-edge techniques for elucidating the role of fluorine chemistry in rechargeable batteries. Further, we present current challenges and promising strategies for employing fluorine chemistry, aiming to advance the electrochemical performance, wide temperature operation, and safety attributes of rechargeable batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Yuefeng Meng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zuxin Wen
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ran Han
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xia Hu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bing Sun
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Basu S, Zhu W, Hwang GS. Structural Toughness of Fluorinated-Nitrided Interphase Passivation Layers for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Reactive Molecular Dynamics Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38437707 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The performance of lithium-ion batteries largely depends on the stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formed on the anode surface. Strategies to improve SEI robustness often rely on optimizing its composition through electrolytic additives. Recently, the amalgamation of fluorinated cosolvents with nitride sources as additives has been shown to enable the construction of sustainable fluorinated-nitrided SEI layers (FN-SEI). Furthermore, the presence of lithiophilic nitrides embedded in lithium fluoride (LiF) was found to contribute toward stability of a beneficial amorphous phase for interfacial passivation. However, there is a lack of understanding on how key indicators of mechanical longevity, like plasticity and fracture resistance, may evolve in such multiphase SEI building blocks. Herein, in conjunction with first-principles calculations, a reactive force field (ReaxFF) has been developed for deriving new mechanistic insights into the intriguing FN-SEI. Our studies demonstrate that owing to a significant elasticity mismatch, the hard nitride phases have a propensity to affect the native deformation modes when embedded in a soft amorphous LiF-rich matrix. Impact of the volume fraction and distribution of the nitride (Li3N) phases are discussed from the perspective of how they interfere with the propagation of shear bands. Interestingly, brittle-ductile-brittle regimes are recognized along the nitride infusion window, providing a glimpse into the effect of phase distribution on the structural toughness of the LiF-Li3N-enhanced SEI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swastik Basu
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Gyeong S Hwang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang B, Wu X, Luo H, Yan H, Chen Y, Zhou S, Yin J, Zhang K, Liao HG, Wang Q, Zou Y, Qiao Y, Sun SG. Gradient Interphase Engineering Enabled by Anionic Redox for High-Voltage and Long-Life Li-Ion Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4557-4569. [PMID: 38345667 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Intelligent utilization of the anionic redox reaction (ARR) in Li-rich cathodes is an advanced strategy for the practical implementation of next-generation high-energy-density rechargeable batteries. However, due to the intrinsic complexity of ARR (e.g., nucleophilic attacks), the instability of the cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) on a Li-rich cathode presents more challenges than typical high-voltage cathodes. Here, we manipulate CEI interfacial engineering by introducing an all-fluorinated electrolyte and exploiting its interaction with the nucleophilic attack to construct a gradient CEI containing a pair of fluorinated layers on a Li-rich cathode, delivering enhanced interfacial stability. Negative/detrimental nucleophilic electrolyte decomposition has been efficiently evolved to further reinforce CEI fabrication, resulting in the construction of LiF-based indurated outer shield and fluorinated polymer-based flexible inner sheaths. Gradient interphase engineering dramatically improved the capacity retention of the Li-rich cathode from 43 to 71% after 800 cycles and achieved superior cycling stability in anode-free and pouch-type full cells (98.8% capacity retention, 220 cycles), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baodan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Materials of China (Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory), Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yilong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Shiyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Jianhua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Hong-Gang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Qingsong Wang
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Yeguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Materials of China (Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory), Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Materials of China (Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory), Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Thornton DB, Davies BJV, Scott SB, Aguadero A, Ryan MP, Stephens IEL. Probing Degradation in Lithium Ion Batteries with On-Chip Electrochemistry Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315357. [PMID: 38103255 PMCID: PMC10962541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid uptake of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for large scale electric vehicle and energy storage applications requires a deeper understanding of the degradation mechanisms. Capacity fade is due to the complex interplay between phase transitions, electrolyte decomposition and transition metal dissolution; many of these poorly understood parasitic reactions evolve gases as a side product. Here we present an on-chip electrochemistry mass spectrometry method that enables ultra-sensitive, fully quantified and time resolved detection of volatile species evolving from an operating LIB. The technique's electrochemical performance and mass transport is described by a finite element model and then experimentally used to demonstrate the variety of new insights into LIB performance. We show the versatility of the technique, including (a) observation of oxygen evolving from a LiNiMnCoO2 cathode and (b) the solid electrolyte interphase formation reaction on graphite in a variety of electrolytes, enabling the deconvolution of lithium inventory loss (c) the first direct evidence, by virtue of the improved time resolution of our technique, that carbon dioxide reduction to ethylene takes place in a lithium ion battery. The emerging insight will guide and validate battery lifetime models, as well as inform the design of longer lasting batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisy B. Thornton
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Bethan J. V. Davies
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Soren B. Scott
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Mary P. Ryan
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| | - Ifan E. L. Stephens
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonLondonSW7UK
- The Faraday InstitutionHarwell Science and Innovation CampusHarwellOX11 0RAUK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dong T, Zhang S, Ren Z, Huang L, Xu G, Liu T, Wang S, Cui G. Electrolyte Engineering Toward High Performance High Nickel (Ni ≥ 80%) Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305753. [PMID: 38044323 PMCID: PMC10870087 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
High nickel (Ni ≥ 80%) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high specific energy are one of the most important technical routes to resolve the growing endurance anxieties. However, because of their extremely aggressive chemistries, high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs suffer from poor cycle life and safety performance, which hinder their large-scale commercial applications. Among varied strategies, electrolyte engineering is very powerful to simultaneously enhance the cycle life and safety of high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs. In this review, the pivotal challenges faced by high-Ni oxide cathodes and conventional LiPF6 -carbonate-based electrolytes are comprehensively summarized. Then, the functional additives design guidelines for LiPF6 -carbonate -based electrolytes and the design principles of high voltage resistance/high safety novel electrolytes are systematically elaborated to resolve these pivotal challenges. Moreover, the proposed thermal runaway mechanisms of high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are also reviewed to provide useful perspectives for the design of high-safety electrolytes. Finally, the potential research directions of electrolyte engineering toward high-performance high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are provided. This review will have an important impact on electrolyte innovation as well as the commercial evolution of high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs, and also will be significant to breakthrough the energy density ceiling of LIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Dong
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Shenghang Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Zhongqin Ren
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Lang Huang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Gaojie Xu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Tao Liu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Shitao Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wan H, Xu J, Wang C. Designing electrolytes and interphases for high-energy lithium batteries. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:30-44. [PMID: 38097662 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
High-energy and stable lithium-ion batteries are desired for next-generation electric devices and vehicles. To achieve their development, the formation of stable interfaces on high-capacity anodes and high-voltage cathodes is crucial. However, such interphases in certain commercialized Li-ion batteries are not stable. Due to internal stresses during operation, cracks are formed in the interphase and electrodes; the presence of such cracks allows for the formation of Li dendrites and new interphases, resulting in a decay of the energy capacity. In this Review, we highlight electrolyte design strategies to form LiF-rich interphases in different battery systems. In aqueous electrolytes, the hydrophobic LiF can extend the electrochemical stability window of aqueous electrolytes. In organic liquid electrolytes, the highly lithiophobic LiF can suppress Li dendrite formation and growth. Electrolyte design aimed at forming LiF-rich interphases has substantially advanced high-energy aqueous and non-aqueous Li-ion batteries. The electrolyte and interphase design principles discussed here are also applicable to solid-state batteries, as a strategy to achieve long cycle life under low stack pressure, as well as to construct other metal batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jijian Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Carballo KV, Wang X, Benamara M, Meng X. Effects of cathode loadings and anode protection on the performance of lithium metal batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:075401. [PMID: 37972394 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad0d25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
While lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are approaching their energy limits, lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are undergoing intensive investigation for higher energy density. Coupling LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2(NMC811) cathode with lithium (Li) metal anode, the resultant Li||NMC811 LMBs are among the most promising technologies for future transportation electrification, which have the potential to realize an energy density two times higher than that of state-of-the-art LIBs. To maximize their energy density, the Li||NMC811 LMBs are preferred to have their cathode loading as high as possible while their Li anode as thin as possible. To this end, we investigated the effects of different cathode active material loadings (2-14 mg cm-2) on the performance of the Li||NMC811 LMBs. Our study revealed that the cathode loadings have remarkably affected the cell performance, in terms of capacity retention and sustainable capacity. Cells with high cathode loadings are more liable to fade in capacity, due to more severe formation of the CEI and more sluggish ion transport. In this study, we also verified that the protection of the Li anode is significant for achieving better cell performance. In this regard, our newly developed Li-containing glycerol (LiGL) via molecular layer deposition (MLD) is promising to help boost the cell performance, which was controllably deposited on the Li anode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Velasquez Carballo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Mourad Benamara
- Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A Review of Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) and Dendrite Formation in Lithium Batteries. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
|
18
|
Sharma V, Giammona M, Zubarev D, Tek A, Nugyuen K, Sundberg L, Congiu D, La YH. Formulation Graphs for Mapping Structure-Composition of Battery Electrolytes to Device Performance. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6998-7010. [PMID: 37948621 PMCID: PMC10685446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Advanced computational methods are being actively sought to address the challenges associated with the discovery and development of new combinatorial materials, such as formulations. A widely adopted approach involves domain-informed high-throughput screening of individual components that can be combined together to form a formulation. This manages to accelerate the discovery of new compounds for a target application but still leaves the process of identifying the right "formulation" from the shortlisted chemical space largely a laboratory experiment-driven process. We report a deep learning model, the Formulation Graph Convolution Network (F-GCN), that can map the structure-composition relationship of the formulation constituents to the property of liquid formulation as a whole. Multiple GCNs are assembled in parallel that featurize formulation constituents domain-intuitively on the fly. The resulting molecular descriptors are scaled based on the respective constituent's molar percentage in the formulation, followed by integration into a combined formulation descriptor that represents the complete formulation to an external learning architecture. The use case of the proposed formulation learning model is demonstrated for battery electrolytes by training and testing it on two exemplary data sets representing electrolyte formulations vs battery performance: one data set is sourced from the literature about Li/Cu half-cells, while the other is obtained by lab experiments related to lithium-iodide full-cell chemistry. The model is shown to predict performance metrics such as Coulombic efficiency (CE) and specific capacity of new electrolyte formulations with the lowest reported errors. The best-performing F-GCN model uses molecular descriptors derived from molecular graphs (GCNs) that are informed with HOMO-LUMO and electric moment properties of the molecules using a knowledge transfer technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidushi Sharma
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Maxwell Giammona
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Dmitry Zubarev
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Andy Tek
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Khanh Nugyuen
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Linda Sundberg
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Daniele Congiu
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Young-Hye La
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Rd, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tort R, Bagger A, Westhead O, Kondo Y, Khobnya A, Winiwarter A, Davies BJV, Walsh A, Katayama Y, Yamada Y, Ryan MP, Titirici MM, Stephens IEL. Searching for the Rules of Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation. ACS Catal 2023; 13:14513-14522. [PMID: 38026818 PMCID: PMC10660346 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c03951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Li-mediated ammonia synthesis is, thus far, the only electrochemical method for heterogeneous decentralized ammonia production. The unique selectivity of the solid electrode provides an alternative to one of the largest heterogeneous thermal catalytic processes. However, it is burdened with intrinsic energy losses, operating at a Li plating potential. In this work, we survey the periodic table to understand the fundamental features that make Li stand out. Through density functional theory calculations and experimentation on chemistries analogous to lithium (e.g., Na, Mg, Ca), we find that lithium is unique in several ways. It combines a stable nitride that readily decomposes to ammonia with an ideal solid electrolyte interphase, balancing reagents at the reactive interface. We propose descriptors based on simulated formation and binding energies of key intermediates and further on hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB principle) to generalize such features. The survey will help the community toward electrochemical systems beyond Li for nitrogen fixation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Tort
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Alexander Bagger
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Olivia Westhead
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Yasuyuki Kondo
- Osaka
University, SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research),
Mihogaoka, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Artem Khobnya
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Anna Winiwarter
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | | | - Aron Walsh
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Yu Katayama
- Osaka
University, SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research),
Mihogaoka, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Osaka
University, SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research),
Mihogaoka, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mary P. Ryan
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kukeva R, Kalapsazova M, Rasheev H, Vassilev G, Tadjer A, Stoyanova R. In Situ Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Monitoring of Predegradation Radical Generation in a Lithium Electrolyte. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9633-9639. [PMID: 37870476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein we present an innovative in situ EPR spectroscopy approach complemented with computational modeling as a methodology for assessing a nonaqueous electrolyte behavior just before its massive degradation. As a proof of concept, we use the conventional lithium electrolyte (1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC), which is utilized in current lithium-ion batteries. Through in situ EPR, long-lived EC•- associates in amounts of 10-250 ppm were detected in a broad potential window (>2.0 V) prior to the electrolyte oxidation or reduction. The pathways of radical formation are discussed in terms of the imperfection in the electron flow across the electrolyte-electrode interface and of the strong affinity of EC to electron trapping. The radical amount could be amplified markedly (above 1000 ppm) by addition of vinylene carbonate (VC) to the electrolyte, while the added CeO2 has a moderate effect. The proposed in situ EPR methodology could be transferred to other electrolyte solutions to become a universal approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rositsa Kukeva
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariya Kalapsazova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hristo Rasheev
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Vassilev
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alia Tadjer
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radostina Stoyanova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Aktekin B, Riegger LM, Otto SK, Fuchs T, Henss A, Janek J. SEI growth on Lithium metal anodes in solid-state batteries quantified with coulometric titration time analysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6946. [PMID: 37907471 PMCID: PMC10618476 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium-metal batteries with a solid electrolyte separator are promising for advanced battery applications, however, most electrolytes show parasitic side reactions at the low potential of lithium metal. Therefore, it is essential to understand how much (and how fast) charge is consumed in these parasitic reactions. In this study, a new electrochemical method is presented for the characterization of electrolyte side reactions occurring on active metal electrode surfaces. The viability of this new method is demonstrated in a so-called anode-free stainless steel ∣ Li6PS5Cl ∣ Li cell. The method also holds promise for investigating dendritic lithium growth (and dead lithium formation), as well as for analyzing various electrolytes and current collectors. The experimental setup allows easy electrode removal for post-mortem analysis, and the SEI's heterogeneous/layered microstructure is revealed through complementary analytical techniques. We expect this method to become a valuable tool in the future for solid-state lithium metal batteries and potentially other cell chemistries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burak Aktekin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Luise M Riegger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Svenja-K Otto
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Till Fuchs
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Henss
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry & Center for Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhao R, Kou M, Guo M, Xu K, Tian G, Wei X, Jiang S, Yuan Q, Zhao J. Fe III Chelated with Humic Acid with Easy Synthesis Conditions and Good Performance as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6477. [PMID: 37834613 PMCID: PMC10573477 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we prepared a green, cheap material by chelating humic acid with ferric ions (HA-Fe) and used it as an anode material in LIBs for the first time. From the SEM, TEM, XPS, XRD, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption experimental results, it was found that the ferric ion can chelate with humic acid successfully under mild conditions and can increase the surface area of materials. Taking advantage of the chelation between the ferric ions and HA, the capacity of HA-Fe is 586 mAh·g-1 at 0.1 A·g-1 after 1000 cycles. Moreover, benefitting from the chelation effect, the activation degree of HA-Fe (about 8 times) is seriously improved compared with pure HA material (about 2 times) during the change-discharge process. The capacity retention ratio of HA-Fe is 55.63% when the current density increased from 0.05 A·g-1 to 1 A·g-1, which is higher than that of HA (32.55%) and Fe (24.85%). In the end, the storage mechanism of HA-Fe was investigated with ex-situ XPS measurements, and it was found that the C=O and C=C bonds are the activation sites for storage Li ions but have different redox voltages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Youkui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Ruili Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Meimei Kou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Mengyao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Ke Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Gang Tian
- Shandong Tianyi New Energy Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252059, China; (G.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinting Wei
- Shandong Tianyi New Energy Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252059, China; (G.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Song Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
| | - Qing Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (R.Z.); (M.K.); (M.G.); (K.X.); (S.J.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang J, Li J, Wang H, Wang M. Research progress of organic liquid electrolyte for sodium ion battery. Front Chem 2023; 11:1253959. [PMID: 37780988 PMCID: PMC10536326 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1253959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical energy storage technology has attracted widespread attention due to its low cost and high energy efficiency in recent years. Among the electrochemical energy storage technologies, sodium ion batteries have been widely focused due to the advantages of abundant sodium resources, low price and similar properties to lithium. In the basic structure of sodium ion battery, the electrolyte determines the electrochemical window and electrochemical performance of the battery, controls the properties of the electrode/electrolyte interface, and affects the safety of sodium ion batteries. Organic liquid electrolytes are widely used because of their low viscosity, high dielectric constant, and compatibility with common cathodes and anodes. However, there are problems such as low oxidation potential, high flammability and safety hazards. Therefore, the development of novel, low-cost, high-performance organic liquid electrolytes is essential for the commercial application of sodium ion batteries. In this paper, the basic requirements and main classifications of organic liquid electrolytes for sodium ion batteries have been introduced. The current research status of organic liquid electrolytes for sodium ion batteries has been highlighted, including compatibility with various types of electrodes and electrochemical properties such as multiplicative performance and cycling performance of electrode materials in electrolytes. The composition, formation mechanism and regulation strategies of interfacial films have been explained. Finally, the development trends of sodium ion battery electrolytes in terms of compatibility with materials, safety and stable interfacial film formation are pointed out in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Huaiyou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tian W, Zeng W, Wang T, Tian J, Yuan D, Wang J, Mu S. Ge-Regulated Ordered Phase in Pseudosphere-Structured LiNi 0.5Mn 1.5O 4 Spinel Effectively Inhibits Mn Dissolution. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37471651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to the higher energy density, high thermal stability, and low cost, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) spinel, with a large voltage operating window, has been one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the interfacial reaction between the cathode and electrolyte and the two-phase reaction within the bulk of LNMO would destroy the original structure and lead to capacity deterioration, posing a significant challenge. Therefore, the way to suppress the transition-metal (TM) dissolution in LNMO has attracted much attention. However, the ordered/disordered phase regulation by metal atom doping to prohibit TM dissolution has not been extensively explored. Herein, a Ge-doping strategy is proposed to adjust the ratio of disordered/ordered phases in LNMO, resulting in exceptional structural stability. For the modified spinel cathode, there is almost no voltage drop and the capacity retention is up to 92.2% over 1000 cycles at 1C. These results demonstrate that incorporating Ge into LNMO forms a robust structure that effectively increases the amount of Mn4+ while blocking the diffusion of TM ions. In addition, Ge-doping also protects the bulk from further reactions with electrolytes, significantly enhancing the interfacial stability and relieving voltage decay in cycling. This approach can also be applied to design other high-stability cathodes through ordered/disordered phase regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weihao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinsai Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dachao Yuan
- School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shichun Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lodico JJ, Mecklenburg M, Chan HL, Chen Y, Ling XY, Regan BC. Operando spectral imaging of the lithium ion battery's solid-electrolyte interphase. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg5135. [PMID: 37436993 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The lithium-ion battery is currently the preferred power source for applications ranging from smart phones to electric vehicles. Imaging the chemical reactions governing its function as they happen, with nanoscale spatial resolution and chemical specificity, is a long-standing open problem. Here, we demonstrate operando spectrum imaging of a Li-ion battery anode over multiple charge-discharge cycles using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Using ultrathin Li-ion cells, we acquire reference EELS spectra for the various constituents of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer and then apply these "chemical fingerprints" to high-resolution, real-space mapping of the corresponding physical structures. We observe the growth of Li and LiH dendrites in the SEI and fingerprint the SEI itself. High spatial- and spectral-resolution operando imaging of the air-sensitive liquid chemistries of the Li-ion cell opens a direct route to understanding the complex, dynamic mechanisms that affect battery safety, capacity, and lifetime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jared J Lodico
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matthew Mecklenburg
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Core Center of Excellence in Nano Imaging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ho Leung Chan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yueyun Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xin Yi Ling
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - B C Regan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sim R, Langdon J, Manthiram A. Design of an Online Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry System to Study Gas Evolution from Cells with Lean and Volatile Electrolytes. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201438. [PMID: 36908017 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gas evolution in high-energy Li-ion batteries remains a pervasive problem for a multitude of chemistries, jeopardizing the electrochemical performance and safety for consumers of electric vehicles. Many electrode-electrolyte degradation processes evolve gasses that may be detected in-situ with online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS). In this work, details are provided for the setup and validation of an OEMS system that operates well under lean and volatile electrolyte conditions. Quite notably, the OEMS cells with only 40 µL of electrolyte and intermittent headspace sampling exhibit comparable electrochemical performance to flooded coin-cells. It is demonstrated that the onset time, shape, and magnitude of the gas evolution profiles calculated from mass spectrometer measurements match well to a known pressure reference through the use of an empirically determined fraction of removal. The off-gassing characteristics from a set of layered-oxide materials, NMC532, NMC811, and LNO, are used to further validate the OEMS setup against the literature. It is shown that many of the features present in the OEMS curves for equivalent systems from other groups are captured by this OEMS system. At an upper cut-off voltage of 4.4 V, LNO exhibits an intense release of CO2 , O2 , and CO gas relative to NMC532 and NMC811.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sim
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E Dean Keaton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jayse Langdon
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E Dean Keaton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E Dean Keaton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Strange L, Li X, Wornyo E, Ashaduzzaman M, Pan S. Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for Chemical Imaging and Understanding Redox Activities of Battery Materials. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:110-120. [PMID: 37235187 PMCID: PMC10208357 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Improving the charge storage capacity and lifetime and charging/discharging efficiency of battery systems is essential for large-scale applications such as long-term grid storage and long-range automobiles. While there have been substantial improvements over the past decades, further fundamental research would help provide insights into improving the cost effectiveness of such systems. For example, it is critical to understand the redox activities of cathode and anode electrode materials and stability and the formation mechanism and roles of the solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) that forms at the electrode surface upon an external potential bias. The SEI plays a critical role in preventing electrolyte decay while still allowing charges to flow through the system while serving as a charge transfer barrier. While surface analytical techniques such as X-ray photoelectron (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) provide invaluable information on anode chemical composition, crystalline structure, and morphology, they are often performed ex situ, which can induce changes to the SEI layer after it is removed from the electrolyte. While there have been efforts to combine these techniques using pseudo-in situ approaches via vacuum-compatible devices and inert atmosphere chambers connected to glove boxes, there is still a need for true in situ techniques to obtain results with improved accuracy and precision. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is an in situ scanning probe technique that can be combined with optical spectroscopy techniques such as Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy methods to gain insights into the electronic changes of a material as a function of applied bias. This Review will highlight the potential of SECM and recent reports on combining spectroscopic measurements with SECM to gain insights into the SEI layer formation and redox activities of other battery electrode materials. These insights provide invaluable information for improving the performance of charge storage devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyndi
E. Strange
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Energy and Environment Directorate, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99352, United States of America
| | - Xiao Li
- The
University of Alabama, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, 250
Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 99354, United
States of America
| | - Eric Wornyo
- The
University of Alabama, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, 250
Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 99354, United
States of America
| | - Md Ashaduzzaman
- The
University of Alabama, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, 250
Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 99354, United
States of America
| | - Shanlin Pan
- The
University of Alabama, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, 250
Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 99354, United
States of America
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sun C, Zhao B, Cui RD, Mao J, Dai KH, Chen HZ, Zhang XH, Zheng JC. In Situ-Constructed Multifunctional Interface for High-Voltage 4.6 V LiCoO 2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21982-21993. [PMID: 37098946 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to high volumetric energy density, the major market share of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries is still dominated by LiCoO2 (LCO) at a 3C field. However, a number of challenges will be triggered if the charge voltage is increased from 4.2/4.3 to 4.6 V to further increase energy density, such as a violent interface reaction, Co dissolution, and release of lattice oxygen. Here, LCO is coated with the fast ionic conductor Li1.8Sc0.8Ti1.2(PO4)3 (LSTP) to form LCO@LSTP, while a stable interface of LCO is in situ constructed by the decomposition of LSTP at the LSTP/LCO interface. As decomposition products of LSTP, Ti and Sc elements can be doped into LCO and thus reconstruct the interface from a layered structure to a spinel structure, which improves the stability of the interface. Moreover, Li3PO4 from the decomposition of LSTP and remaining LSTP coating as a fast ionic conductor can improve Li+ transport when compared with bare LCO, and thus boost the specific capacity to 185.3 mAh g-1 at 1C. Benefited from the stable interface and fast ion conducting coating, the LCO@LSTP (1 wt %) cathode delivers a high capacity of 202.3 mAh g-1 at the first cycle (0.5C, 3.0-4.6 V), and shows a higher capacity retention of 89.0% than LCO (50.9%) after 100 cycles. Furthermore, the change of the Fermi level obtained by using a kelvin probe force microscope (KPFM) and the oxygen band structure calculated by using density functional theory further illustrate that LSTP supports the performance of LCO. We anticipate that this study can improve the conversion efficiency of energy-storage devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
| | - Ru-de Cui
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jing Mao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ke-Hua Dai
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - He-Zhang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
| | - Xia-Hui Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Jun-Chao Zheng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nanoarchitecture factors of solid electrolyte interphase formation via 3D nano-rheology microscopy and surface force-distance spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1321. [PMID: 36898996 PMCID: PMC10006426 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The solid electrolyte interphase in rechargeable Li-ion batteries, its dynamics and, significantly, its nanoscale structure and composition, hold clues to high-performing and safe energy storage. Unfortunately, knowledge of solid electrolyte interphase formation is limited due to the lack of in situ nano-characterization tools for probing solid-liquid interfaces. Here, we link electrochemical atomic force microscopy, three-dimensional nano-rheology microscopy and surface force-distance spectroscopy, to study, in situ and operando, the dynamic formation of the solid electrolyte interphase starting from a few 0.1 nm thick electrical double layer to the full three-dimensional nanostructured solid electrolyte interphase on the typical graphite basal and edge planes in a Li-ion battery negative electrode. By probing the arrangement of solvent molecules and ions within the electric double layer and quantifying the three-dimensional mechanical property distribution of organic and inorganic components in the as-formed solid electrolyte interphase layer, we reveal the nanoarchitecture factors and atomistic picture of initial solid electrolyte interphase formation on graphite-based negative electrodes in strongly and weakly solvating electrolytes.
Collapse
|
30
|
Quérel E, Williams NJ, Seymour ID, Skinner SJ, Aguadero A. Operando Characterization and Theoretical Modeling of Metal|Electrolyte Interphase Growth Kinetics in Solid-State Batteries. Part I: Experiments. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:853-862. [PMID: 36818592 PMCID: PMC9933420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To harness all of the benefits of solid-state battery (SSB) architectures in terms of energy density, their negative electrode should be an alkali metal. However, the high chemical potential of alkali metals makes them prone to reduce most solid electrolytes (SE), resulting in a decomposition layer called an interphase at the metal|SE interface. Quantitative information about the interphase chemical composition and rate of formation is challenging to obtain because the reaction occurs at a buried interface. In this study, a thin layer of Na metal (Na0) is plated on the surface of an SE of the NaSICON family (Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 or NZSP) inside a commercial X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) system while continuously analyzing the composition of the interphase operando. We identify the existence of a solid electrolyte interphase at the Na0|NZSP interface, and more importantly, we demonstrate for the first time that this protocol can be used to study the kinetics of interphase formation. A second important outcome of this article is that the surface chemistry of NZSP samples can be tuned to improve their stability against Na0. It is demonstrated by XPS and time-resolved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that a native Na x PO y layer present on the surface of as-sintered NZSP samples protects their surface against decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Quérel
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Nicholas J. Williams
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Ieuan D. Seymour
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Stephen J. Skinner
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Sor Juana Ines de La Cruz 3, 28049Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Williams NJ, Quérel E, Seymour ID, Skinner SJ, Aguadero A. Operando Characterization and Theoretical Modeling of Metal|Electrolyte Interphase Growth Kinetics in Solid-State Batteries. Part II: Modeling. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:863-869. [PMID: 36818589 PMCID: PMC9933423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c03131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interfacial dynamics of batteries is crucial to control degradation and increase electrochemical performance and cycling life. If the chemical potential of a negative electrode material lies outside of the stability window of an electrolyte (either solid or liquid), a decomposition layer (interphase) will form at the interface. To better understand and control degradation at interfaces in batteries, theoretical models describing the rate of formation of these interphases are required. This study focuses on the growth kinetics of the interphase forming between solid electrolytes and metallic negative electrodes in solid-state batteries. More specifically, we demonstrate that the rate of interphase formation and metal plating during charge can be accurately described by adapting the theory of coupled ion-electron transfer (CIET). The model is validated by fitting experimental data presented in the first part of this study. The data was collected operando as a Na metal layer was plated on top of a NaSICON solid electrolyte (Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 or NZSP) inside an XPS chamber. This study highlights the depth of information which can be extracted from this single operando experiment and is widely applicable to other solid-state electrolyte systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Williams
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Edouard Quérel
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Ieuan D. Seymour
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Stephen J. Skinner
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Sor Juana Ines de La Cruz 3, 28049Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Feng G, Jia H, Shi Y, Yang X, Liang Y, Engelhard MH, Zhang Y, Yang C, Xu K, Yao Y, Xu W, Shan X. Imaging solid-electrolyte interphase dynamics using operando reflection interference microscopy. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023:10.1038/s41565-023-01316-3. [PMID: 36759704 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The quality of the solid-electrolyte interphase is crucial for the performance of most battery chemistries, but its formation dynamics during operation are not well understood due to a lack of reliable operando characterization techniques. Herein, we report a dynamic, non-invasive, operando reflection interference microscope to enable the real-time imaging of the solid-electrolyte interphase during its formation and evolution processes with high sensitivity. The stratified structure of the solid-electrolyte interphase formed during four distinct steps includes the emergence of a permanent inner inorganic layer enriched in LiF, a transient assembly of an interfacial electrified double layer and a consequent emergence of a temporary outer organic-rich layer whose presence is reversible with electrochemical cycling. Reflection interference microscope imaging reveals an inverse correlation between the thicknesses of two interphasial subcomponents, implying that the permanent inorganic-rich inner layer dictates the organic-rich outer layer formation and lithium nucleation. The real-time visualization of solid-electrolyte interphase dynamics provides a powerful tool for the rational design of battery interphases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Feng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hao Jia
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Yaping Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanliang Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark H Engelhard
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ye Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chaojie Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kang Xu
- Battery Science Branch, Energy Science Division, Sensor and Electron Devices Directorate, Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA.
| | - Yan Yao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Wu Xu
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Xiaonan Shan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang Z, Pei Q, Wang M, Tan J, Ye S. Observing Nonpreferential Absorption of Linear and Cyclic Carbonate on the Silicon Electrode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2015-2021. [PMID: 36695809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is reported to be a promising anode material due to its high storage capacity and excellent energy conversion rate. Molecular-level insight into the interaction between silicon electrodes and electrolyte solutions is essential for understanding the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), but it is yet to be explored. In this study, we apply femtosecond sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy to investigate the initial adsorption of various pure and mixed electrolyte molecules on the silicon anode surface by monitoring the SFG signals from the carbonyl group of electrolyte molecules. When the silicon comes in contact with a pure carbonate solution, the linear carbonates of diethyl carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate adopt two conformations with opposite C═O orientations on the silicon interface while the cyclic carbonates of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate almost adopt one conformation with C═O bonds pointing toward the silicon electrode. When the silicon comes in contact with the mixed linear and cyclic carbonate solutions, the total SFG intensity from the mixed solutions is approximately 2∼5 times weaker than those of pure cyclic carbonates. The C═O bonds of cyclic carbonates point toward the silicon electrode, while the C═O bonds of linear carbonates face toward the bulk solution at the silicon/mixed solution interface. No preferential absorption behaviors of the linear and cyclic carbonate electrolytes on the silicon electrode are observed. Such findings may help to understand the mechanism by which the SEI formed on the silicon anode is unstable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Quanbing Pei
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Junjun Tan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Shuji Ye
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Near ambient N2 fixation on solid electrodes versus enzymes and homogeneous catalysts. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:184-201. [PMID: 37117902 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Mo/Fe nitrogenase enzyme is unique in its ability to efficiently reduce dinitrogen to ammonia at atmospheric pressures and room temperature. Should an artificial electrolytic device achieve the same feat, it would revolutionize fertilizer production and even provide an energy-dense, truly carbon-free fuel. This Review provides a coherent comparison of recent progress made in dinitrogen fixation on solid electrodes, homogeneous catalysts and nitrogenases. Specific emphasis is placed on systems for which there is unequivocal evidence that dinitrogen reduction has taken place. By establishing the cross-cutting themes and synergies between these systems, we identify viable avenues for future research.
Collapse
|
35
|
A non-academic perspective on the future of lithium-based batteries. Nat Commun 2023; 14:420. [PMID: 36702830 PMCID: PMC9879955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of lithium-based batteries, there is often a substantial divide between academic research and industrial market needs. This is in part driven by a lack of peer-reviewed publications from industry. Here we present a non-academic view on applied research in lithium-based batteries to sharpen the focus and help bridge the gap between academic and industrial research. We focus our discussion on key metrics and challenges to be considered when developing new technologies in this industry. We also explore the need to consider various performance aspects in unison when developing a new material/technology. Moreover, we also investigate the suitability of supply chains, sustainability of materials and the impact on system-level cost as factors that need to be accounted for when working on new technologies. With these considerations in mind, we then assess the latest developments in the lithium-based battery industry, providing our views on the challenges and prospects of various technologies.
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang E, Wan J, Guo YJ, Zhang Q, He WH, Zhang CH, Chen WP, Yan HJ, Xue DJ, Fang T, Wang F, Wen R, Xin S, Yin YX, Guo YG. Mitigating Electron Leakage of Solid Electrolyte Interface for Stable Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216354. [PMID: 36440597 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interfacial stability is highly responsible for the longevity and safety of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). However, the continuous solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI) growth would deteriorate its stability. Essentially, the SEI growth is associated with the electron leakage behavior, yet few efforts have tried to suppress the SEI growth, from the perspective of mitigating electron leakage. Herein, we built two kinds of SEI layers with distinct growth behaviors, via the additive strategy. The SEI physicochemical features (morphology and componential information) and SEI electronic properties (LUMO level, band gap, electron work function) were investigated elaborately. Experimental and calculational analyses showed that, the SEI layer with suppressed growth delivers both the low electron driving force and the high electron insulation ability. Thus, the electron leakage is mitigated, which restrains the continuous SEI growth, and favors the interface stability with enhanced electrochemical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enhui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Huan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Hui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Ping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Juan Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ding-Jiang Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Sen Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Xia Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Conductivity experiments for electrolyte formulations and their automated analysis. Sci Data 2023; 10:43. [PMID: 36658233 PMCID: PMC9852460 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-01936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrolytes are considered crucial for the performance of batteries, and therefore indispensable for future energy storage research. This paper presents data that describes the effect of the electrolyte composition on the ionic conductivity. In particular, the data focuses on electrolytes composed of ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6). The mass ratio of EC to PC was varied, while keeping the mass ratio of (EC + PC) and EMC at fixed values of 3:7 and 1:1. The conducting salt concentration was also varied during the study. Conductivity data was obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements at various temperatures. Based on the thus obtained temperature series, the activation energy for ionic conduction was determined during the analysis. The data is presented here in a machine-readable format and includes a Python package for analyzing temperature series of electrolyte conductivity according to the Arrhenius equation and EIS data. The data may be useful e.g. for the training of machine learning models or for reference prior to experiments.
Collapse
|
38
|
Rus ED, Dura JA. In Situ Neutron Reflectometry Study of a Tungsten Oxide/Li-Ion Battery Electrolyte Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:2832-2842. [PMID: 36598862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The solid electrolyte interface/interphase (SEI) is of great importance to the viable operation of lithium-ion batteries. In the present work, the interface between a tungsten oxide electrode and an electrolyte solution consisting of LiPF6 in a deuterated ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate solvent was characterized with in situ neutron reflectometry (NR) at a series of applied electrochemical potentials. NR data were fit to yield neutron scattering length density (SLD) depth profiles in the surface normal direction, from which composition depth profiles were inferred. The goals of this work were to characterize SEI formation on a model transition-metal oxide, an example of a conversion electrode, to characterize the lithiation of WO3, and to help interpret the results of an earlier study of tungsten electrodes without an intentionally grown surface oxide. The WO3 electrode was produced by thermal oxidation of a W thin film. Co-analysis of NR and X-ray reflectivity data indicated that the stoichiometry of the thermal oxide was WO3. As the electrode was polarized to progressively more reducing potentials, starting from open circuit and down to +0.25 V versus Li/Li+, the layer that was originally WO3 expanded and increased in lithium content. The reduced electrode consisted of two to three layers: an inner layer (the evolving conversion electrode) which may have been mixed W and Li2O and unreacted WO3 or LixWO3, a layer rich in protons and/or lithium, possibly corresponding to LiOH or LiH (the inner SEI), and an outermost layer adjacent to the solution with an SLD close to that of the solution, possibly consisting of lower SLD species with solution-filled porosity or deuteron-rich species derived from the solvents (the outer SEI), though the presence of this layer was tenuous. For the steps in the direction of more oxidizing potentials, the evolution of the layer structure was qualitatively the reverse of that seen when stepping toward more negative potentials, though with hysteresis. The SLD gradient suggested that the reaction was not limited by diffusion within the film. No clear phase boundary was evident in the evolving conversion electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Rus
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Joseph A Dura
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hu T, Tian J, Dai F, Wang X, Wen R, Xu S. Impact of the Local Environment on Li Ion Transport in Inorganic Components of Solid Electrolyte Interphases. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1327-1333. [PMID: 36576963 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The spontaneously formed passivation layer, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) between the electrode and electrolyte, is crucial to the performance and durability of Li ion batteries. However, the Li ion transport mechanism in the major inorganic components of the SEI (Li2CO3 and LiF) is still unclear. Particularly, whether introducing an amorphous environment is beneficial for improving the Li ion diffusivity is under debate. Here, we investigate the Li ion diffusion mechanism in amorphous LiF and Li2CO3 via machine-learning-potential-assisted molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show that the Li ion diffusivity in LiF at room temperature cannot be accurately captured by the Arrhenius extrapolation from the high temperature (>600 K) diffusivities (difference of ∼2 orders of magnitude). We reveal that the spontaneous formation of Li-F regular tetrahedrons at low temperatures (<500 K) leads to an extremely low Li ion diffusivity, suggesting that designing an amorphous bulk LiF-based SEI cannot help with the Li ion transport. We further show the critical role of Li2CO3 in suppressing the Li-F regular tetrahedron formation when these two components of SEIs are mixed. Overall, our work provides atomic insights into the impact of the local environment on Li ion diffusion in the major SEI components and suggests that suppressing the formation of large-sized bulk-phase LiF might be critical to improve battery performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiping Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,AI for Science Institute, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhi Dai
- AI for Science Institute, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China.,DP Technology, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- DP Technology, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenzhen Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,AI for Science Institute, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang Y, Xu J, Fu S, Bian Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Liang G. Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of the LiNi 0.5Mn 1.5O 4 Cathode Material by the Construction of Uniform Lithium Silicate Nanoshells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1418-1431. [PMID: 36563182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In order to alleviate the rapid capacity decay caused by the instability of the crystal structure and electrode/electrolyte interface, a series of Li2SiO3-coated LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials have been prepared via the lithium acetate-assisted sol-gel method followed by a short-term calcination process. During the sol-gel process, TEOS is hydrolyzed, condensed, and polymerized with the assistance of lithium acetate to form a Li+-embedded [Si-O-Si]n network structure to ensure the uniformity of the coating. By changing the amount of TEOS and lithium acetate, the coating thickness can be precisely controlled, whose effects on the structural and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials are intensively investigated. The results show that the material with an appropriate thickness of Li2SiO3 coating exhibits a larger primary particle size and reduced secondary particle agglomeration. The uniform Li2SiO3 coating with appropriate thickness can not only improve Li+ ion diffusion kinetics but also suppress side reactions and CEI growth at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Besides, the interaction of Li2SiO3 with HF can alleviate electrode corrosion and the dissolution of transition metal ions. All the abovementioned factors together promote the significant improvement of the electrochemical performance of Li2SiO3-coated LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Jiahao Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Shaoxiong Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Yuhan Bian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Guangchuan Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information (Hebei University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin300130, China
- Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Impact of the electrode potential of negative electrode on the increase in resistance of LiNi1/2Mn3/2O4 positive electrode. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
42
|
Zelovich T, Hansen T, Tuckerman ME. A Green's Function Approach for Determining Surface Induced Broadening and Shifting of Molecular Energy Levels. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9854-9860. [PMID: 36525585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Upon adsorption of a molecule onto a surface, the molecular energy levels (MELs) broaden and change their alignment. This phenomenon directly affects electron transfer across the interface and is, therefore, a fundamental observable that influences electrochemical device performance. Here, we propose a rigorous parameter-free framework, built upon the theoretical construct of Green's functions, for studying the interface between a molecule and a bulk surface and its effect on MELs. The method extends beyond the usual wide-band limit approximation, and its generality allows its use with any level of electronic structure theory. We demonstrate its ability to predict the broadening and shifting of MELs as a function of intramolecular coupling, molecule/surface coupling, and the surface density of states for a molecule with two MELs adsorbed on a one-dimensional model metal surface. The new approach could help provide guidelines for the design and experimental characterization of electrochemical devices with optimal electron transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Zelovich
- Department of Chemistry, New York University (NYU), New York, New York10003, United States
| | - Thorsten Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mark E Tuckerman
- Department of Chemistry, New York University (NYU), New York, New York10003, United States
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University (NYU), New York, New York10003, United States
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai200062, China
- Simons Center for Computational Physical Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York10003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nazar F, Moin ST. Molecular dynamics simulations of fluoroethylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate as electrolyte additives for Li-ion batteries. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2157455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Nazar
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tarique Moin
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lim DA, Shin YK, Seok JH, Hong D, Ahn KH, Lee CH, Kim DW. Cathode Electrolyte Interphase-Forming Additive for Improving Cycling Performance and Thermal Stability of Ni-Rich LiNi xCo yMn 1-x-yO 2 Cathode Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54688-54697. [PMID: 36458341 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High-capacity Ni-rich LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (NCM) has been investigated as a promising cathode active material for improving the energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs); however, its practical application is limited by its structural instability and low thermal stability. In this study, we synthesized tetrakis(methacryloyloxyethyl)pyrophosphate (TMAEPPi) as a cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) additive to enhance the cycling characteristics and thermal stability of the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) material. TMAEPPi was oxidized to form a uniform Li+-ion-conductive CEI on the cathode surface during initial cycles. A lithium-ion cell (graphite/NCM811) employing a liquid electrolyte containing 0.5 wt % TMAEPPi exhibited superior capacity retention (82.2% after 300 cycles at a 1.0 C rate) and enhanced high-rate performance compared with the cell using a baseline liquid electrolyte. The TMAEPPi-derived CEI layer on NCM811 suppressed electrolyte decomposition and reduced the microcracking of the NCM811 particles. Our results reveal that TMAEPPi is a promising additive for forming stable CEIs and thereby improving the cycling performance and thermal stability of LIBs employing high-capacity NCM cathode materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ae Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Young-Kyeong Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Seok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Dayoung Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Ho Ahn
- Battery R&D, LG Energy Solution, Ltd., Daejeon 34122, South Korea
| | - Chul Haeng Lee
- Battery R&D, LG Energy Solution, Ltd., Daejeon 34122, South Korea
| | - Dong-Won Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fan X, Zhong C, Liu J, Ding J, Deng Y, Han X, Zhang L, Hu W, Wilkinson DP, Zhang J. Opportunities of Flexible and Portable Electrochemical Devices for Energy Storage: Expanding the Spotlight onto Semi-solid/Solid Electrolytes. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17155-17239. [PMID: 36239919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing demand for flexible and portable electronics has stimulated research and development in building advanced electrochemical energy devices which are lightweight, ultrathin, small in size, bendable, foldable, knittable, wearable, and/or stretchable. In such flexible and portable devices, semi-solid/solid electrolytes besides anodes and cathodes are the necessary components determining the energy/power performances. By serving as the ion transport channels, such semi-solid/solid electrolytes may be beneficial to resolving the issues of leakage, electrode corrosion, and metal electrode dendrite growth. In this paper, the fundamentals of semi-solid/solid electrolytes (e.g., chemical composition, ionic conductivity, electrochemical window, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and other attractive features), the electrode-electrolyte interfacial properties, and their relationships with the performance of various energy devices (e.g., supercapacitors, secondary ion batteries, metal-sulfur batteries, and metal-air batteries) are comprehensively reviewed in terms of materials synthesis and/or characterization, functional mechanisms, and device assembling for performance validation. The most recent advancements in improving the performance of electrochemical energy devices are summarized with focuses on analyzing the existing technical challenges (e.g., solid electrolyte interphase formation, metal electrode dendrite growth, polysulfide shuttle issue, electrolyte instability in half-open battery structure) and the strategies for overcoming these challenges through modification of semi-solid/solid electrolyte materials. Several possible directions for future research and development are proposed for going beyond existing technological bottlenecks and achieving desirable flexible and portable electrochemical energy devices to fulfill their practical applications. It is expected that this review may provide the readers with a comprehensive cross-technology understanding of the semi-solid/solid electrolytes for facilitating their current and future researches on the flexible and portable electrochemical energy devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiayue Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou350207, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Jia Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Yida Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Xiaopeng Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Energy, Mining & Environment, National Research Council of Canada, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1W5, Canada
| | - Wenbin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou350207, China
| | - David P Wilkinson
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1W5, Canada
| | - Jiujun Zhang
- Energy, Mining & Environment, National Research Council of Canada, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1W5, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1W5, Canada
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou350108, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xiang J, Wei Y, Zhong Y, Yang Y, Cheng H, Yuan L, Xu H, Huang Y. Building Practical High-Voltage Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200912. [PMID: 35332962 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has long been a global imperative to develop high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to meet the ever-growing electric vehicle market. One of the most effective strategies for boosting the energy density of LIBs is to increase the output voltage, which largely depends upon the cathode materials. As the most-promising cathodes for high-voltage LIBs (>4 V vs Li/Li+ ), four major categories of cathodes including lithium-rich layered oxides, nickel-rich layered oxides, spinel oxides, and high-voltage polyanionic compounds still encounter severe challenges to realize the improvement of output voltage while maintaining high capacity, fast rate capability, and long service life. This review focuses on the key links in the development of high-voltage cathode materials from the lab to industrialization. First, the failure mechanisms of the four kinds of materials are clarified, and the optimization strategies, particularly solutions that are easy for large-scale production, are considered. Then, to bridge the gap between lab and industry, the cost management, safety assessment, practical battery-performance evaluation, and sustainability of the battery technologies, are discussed. Finally, tough challenges and promising strategies for the commercialization of high-voltage cathode materials are summarized to promote the large-scale application of LIBs with high energy densities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Henghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yunhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gupta A, Badam R, Takamori N, Minakawa H, Masuo S, Takaya N, Matsumi N. Microbial pyrazine diamine is a novel electrolyte additive that shields high-voltage LiNi 1/3Co 1/3Mn 1/3O 2 cathodes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19888. [PMID: 36434117 PMCID: PMC9700740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The uncontrolled oxidative decomposition of electrolyte while operating at high potential (> 4.2 V vs Li/Li+) severely affects the performance of high-energy density transition metal oxide-based materials as cathodes in Li-ion batteries. To restrict this degradative response of electrolyte species, the need for functional molecules as electrolyte additives that can restrict the electrolytic decomposition is imminent. In this regard, bio-derived molecules are cost-effective, environment friendly, and non-toxic alternatives to their synthetic counter parts. Here, we report the application of microbially synthesized 2,5-dimethyl-3,6-bis(4-aminobenzyl)pyrazine (DMBAP) as an electrolyte additive that stabilizes high-voltage (4.5 V vs Li/Li+) LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathodes. The high-lying highest occupied molecular orbital of bio-additive (DMBAP) inspires its sacrificial in situ oxidative decomposition to form an organic passivation layer on the cathode surface. This restricts the excessive electrolyte decomposition to form a tailored cathode electrolyte interface to administer cyclic stability and enhance the capacity retention of the cathode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agman Gupta
- grid.444515.50000 0004 1762 2236Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan
| | - Rajashekar Badam
- grid.444515.50000 0004 1762 2236Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Takamori
- grid.444515.50000 0004 1762 2236Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan
| | - Hajime Minakawa
- grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Masuo
- grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572 Japan
| | - Naoki Takaya
- grid.20515.330000 0001 2369 4728Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572 Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Matsumi
- grid.444515.50000 0004 1762 2236Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang M, Huang X, Yu Z, Zhang P, Zhai C, Song H, Xu J, Chen K. A Stable Rechargeable Aqueous Zn-Air Battery Enabled by Heterogeneous MoS 2 Cathode Catalysts. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4069. [PMID: 36432355 PMCID: PMC9698408 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous rechargeable zinc (Zn)−air batteries have recently attracted extensive research interest due to their low cost, environmental benignity, safety, and high energy density. However, the sluggish kinetics of oxygen (O2) evolution reaction (OER) and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of cathode catalysts in the batteries result in the high over-potential that impedes the practical application of Zn−air batteries. Here, we report a stable rechargeable aqueous Zn−air battery by use of a heterogeneous two-dimensional molybdenum sulfide (2D MoS2) cathode catalyst that consists of a heterogeneous interface and defects-embedded active edge sites. Compared to commercial Pt/C-RuO2, the low cost MoS2 cathode catalyst shows decent oxygen evolution and acceptable oxygen reduction catalytic activity. The assembled aqueous Zn−air battery using hybrid MoS2 catalysts demonstrates a specific capacity of 330 mAh g−1 and a durability of 500 cycles (~180 h) at 0.5 mA cm−2. In particular, the hybrid MoS2 catalysts outperform commercial Pt/C in the practically meaningful high-current region (>5 mA cm−2). This work paves the way for research on improving the performance of aqueous Zn−air batteries by constructing their own heterogeneous surfaces or interfaces instead of constructing bifunctional catalysts by compounding other materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chunyang Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hucheng Song
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jun Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kunji Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Deng L, Yu F, Sun G, Xia Y, Jiang Y, Zheng Y, Sun M, Que L, Zhao L, Wang Z. Constructing Stable Anion‐Tuned Electrode/Electrolyte Interphase on High‐Voltage Na
3
V
2
(PO
4
)
2
F
3
Cathode for Thermally‐Modulated Fast‐Charging Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213416. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Deng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West-Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China
| | - Fu‐Da Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of Education Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Gang Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
| | - Yang Xia
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West-Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China
| | - Yun‐Shan Jiang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West-Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China
| | - Yin‐Qi Zheng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West-Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China
| | - Mei‐Yan Sun
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West-Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China
| | - Lan‐Fang Que
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials Ministry of Education Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Lei Zhao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West-Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China
| | - Zhen‐Bo Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West-Da Zhi Street Harbin 150001 China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518071 China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rasheed T, Anwar MT, Naveed A, Ali A. Biopolymer Based Materials as Alternative Greener Binders for Sustainable Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Off G.T. Road Sahiwal 57000 Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Naveed
- Research School of Polymeric Materials Science & Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 PR China
| | - Amjad Ali
- Research School of Polymeric Materials Science & Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 PR China
| |
Collapse
|