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Ranke D, Lee I, Gershanok SA, Jo S, Trotto E, Wang Y, Balakrishnan G, Cohen-Karni T. Multifunctional Nanomaterials for Advancing Neural Interfaces: Recording, Stimulation, and Beyond. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1803-1814. [PMID: 38859612 PMCID: PMC11223263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusNeurotechnology has seen dramatic improvements in the last three decades. The major focus in the field has been to design electrical communication platforms with high spatial resolution, stability, and translatability for understanding and affecting neural pathways. The deployment of nanomaterials in bioelectronics has enhanced the capabilities of conventional approaches employing microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for electrical interfaces, allowing the construction of miniaturized, high-performance neuroelectronics (Garg, R.; et al. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2023, 6, 8495). While these advancements in the electrical neuronal interface have revolutionized neurotechnology both in scale and breadth, an in-depth understanding of neurons' interactions is challenging due to the complexity of the environments where the cells and tissues are laid. The activity of large, three-dimensional neuronal systems has proven difficult to accurately monitor and modulate, and chemical cell-cell communication is often completely neglected. Recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology have provided opportunities to use new nonelectric modes of communication with neurons and to significantly enhance electrical signal interface capabilities. The enhanced electrochemical activity and optical activity of nanomaterials owing to their nonbulk electronic properties and surface nanostructuring have seen extensive utilization. Nanomaterials' enhanced optical activity enables remote neural state modulation, whereas the defect-rich surfaces provide an enormous number of available electrocatalytic sites for neurochemical detection and electrochemical modulation of cell microenvironments through Faradaic processes. Such unique properties can allow multimodal neural interrogation toward generating closed-loop interfaces with access to more complete neural state descriptors. In this Account, we will review recent advances and our efforts spearheaded toward utilizing nanostructured electrodes for enhanced bidirectional interfaces with neurons, the application of unique hybrid nanomaterials for remote nongenetic optical stimulation of neurons, tunable nanomaterials for highly sensitive and selective neurotransmitter detection, and the utilization of nanomaterials as electrocatalysts toward electrochemically modulating cellular activity. We highlight applications of these technologies across cell types through nanomaterial engineering with a focus on multifunctional graphene nanostructures applied though several modes of neural modulation but also an exploration of broad material classes for maximizing the potency of closed-loop bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ranke
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
| | - Inkyu Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
| | - Samuel A. Gershanok
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
| | - Seonghan Jo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
| | - Emily Trotto
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
| | - Yingqiao Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
| | - Gaurav Balakrishnan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
| | - Tzahi Cohen-Karni
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States of America
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2
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Alex M, Khan KRB, Al-Othman A, Al-Sayah MH, Al Nashash H. MXene-Based Flexible Electrodes for Electrophysiological Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3260. [PMID: 38894053 PMCID: PMC11174813 DOI: 10.3390/s24113260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The advancement of flexible electrodes triggered research on wearables and health monitoring applications. Metal-based bioelectrodes encounter low mechanical strength and skin discomfort at the electrode-skin interface. Thus, recent research has focused on the development of flexible surface electrodes with low electrochemical resistance and high conductivity. This study investigated the development of a novel, flexible, surface electrode based on a MXene/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/glycerol composite. MXenes offer the benefit of featuring highly conductive transition metals with metallic properties, including a group of carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, while PDMS exhibits inherent biostability, flexibility, and biocompatibility. Among the various MXene-based electrode compositions prepared in this work, those composed of 15% and 20% MXene content were further evaluated for their potential in electrophysiological sensing applications. The samples underwent a range of characterization techniques, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), as well as mechanical and bio-signal sensing from the skin. The experimental findings indicated that the compositions demonstrated favorable bulk impedances of 280 and 111 Ω, along with conductivities of 0.462 and 1.533 mS/cm, respectively. Additionally, they displayed promising electrochemical stability, featuring charge storage densities of 0.665 mC/cm2 and 1.99 mC/cm2, respectively. By conducting mechanical tests, Young's moduli were determined to be 2.61 MPa and 2.18 MPa, respectively. The composite samples exhibited elongation of 139% and 144%, respectively. Thus, MXene-based bioelectrodes show promising potential for flexible and wearable electronics and bio-signal sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Alex
- Biosciences and Bioengineering Graduate Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (K.R.B.K.)
| | - Kashif Rast Baz Khan
- Biosciences and Bioengineering Graduate Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (K.R.B.K.)
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Al-Sayah
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hasan Al Nashash
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
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3
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Ramezani M, Kim JH, Liu X, Ren C, Alothman A, De-Eknamkul C, Wilson MN, Cubukcu E, Gilja V, Komiyama T, Kuzum D. High-density transparent graphene arrays for predicting cellular calcium activity at depth from surface potential recordings. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:504-513. [PMID: 38212523 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Optically transparent neural microelectrodes have facilitated simultaneous electrophysiological recordings from the brain surface with the optical imaging and stimulation of neural activity. A remaining challenge is to scale down the electrode dimensions to the single-cell size and increase the density to record neural activity with high spatial resolution across large areas to capture nonlinear neural dynamics. Here we developed transparent graphene microelectrodes with ultrasmall openings and a large, transparent recording area without any gold extensions in the field of view with high-density microelectrode arrays up to 256 channels. We used platinum nanoparticles to overcome the quantum capacitance limit of graphene and to scale down the microelectrode diameter to 20 µm. An interlayer-doped double-layer graphene was introduced to prevent open-circuit failures. We conducted multimodal experiments, combining the recordings of cortical potentials of microelectrode arrays with two-photon calcium imaging of the mouse visual cortex. Our results revealed that visually evoked responses are spatially localized for high-frequency bands, particularly for the multiunit activity band. The multiunit activity power was found to be correlated with cellular calcium activity. Leveraging this, we employed dimensionality reduction techniques and neural networks to demonstrate that single-cell and average calcium activities can be decoded from surface potentials recorded by high-density transparent graphene arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Ramezani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chi Ren
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah Alothman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chawina De-Eknamkul
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Madison N Wilson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ertugrul Cubukcu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vikash Gilja
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Takaki Komiyama
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Duygu Kuzum
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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4
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Cho YU, Lee JY, Yu KJ. Integration of in vivo electrophysiology and optogenetics in rodents with PEDOT:PSS neural electrode array. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102909. [PMID: 38427565 PMCID: PMC10918330 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol for the fabrication of transparent implantable electrode arrays for integrating optogenetics and electrophysiology. We describe steps for fabricating microelectrodes using the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate). We then detail procedures for analyzing performance of the electrodes and recording light-evoked neural activities from the transgenic mouse. This protocol utilizes photolithography rather than conventional electrodeposition. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cho et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Uk Cho
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Yu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, YU-KIST Institute, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Kavand H, Visa M, Köhler M, van der Wijngaart W, Berggren PO, Herland A. 3D-Printed Biohybrid Microstructures Enable Transplantation and Vascularization of Microtissues in the Anterior Chamber of the Eye. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306686. [PMID: 37815325 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Hybridizing biological cells with man-made sensors enable the detection of a wide range of weak physiological responses with high specificity. The anterior chamber of the eye (ACE) is an ideal transplantation site due to its ocular immune privilege and optical transparency, which enable superior noninvasive longitudinal analyses of cells and microtissues. Engraftment of biohybrid microstructures in the ACE may, however, be affected by the pupillary response and dynamics. Here, sutureless transplantation of biohybrid microstructures, 3D printed in IP-Visio photoresin, containing a precisely localized pancreatic islet to the ACE of mice is presented. The biohybrid microstructures allow mechanical fixation in the ACE, independent of iris dynamics. After transplantation, islets in the microstructures successfully sustain their functionality for over 20 weeks and become vascularized despite physical separation from the vessel source (iris) and immersion in a low-viscous liquid (aqueous humor) with continuous circulation and clearance. This approach opens new perspectives in biohybrid microtissue transplantation in the ACE, advancing monitoring of microtissue-host interactions, disease modeling, treatment outcomes, and vascularization in engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Kavand
- Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, Department of Intelligent Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas Väg 10 pl 5, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Stockholm, SE-17165, Sweden
| | - Montse Visa
- The Rolf Luft Research center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17176, Sweden
| | - Martin Köhler
- The Rolf Luft Research center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17176, Sweden
| | - Wouter van der Wijngaart
- Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, Department of Intelligent Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas Väg 10 pl 5, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-17176, Sweden
| | - Anna Herland
- Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, Department of Intelligent Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas Väg 10 pl 5, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Stockholm, SE-17165, Sweden
- AIMES, Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9/B8, Stockholm, SE-17165, Sweden
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6
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Alahi MEE, Rizu MI, Tina FW, Huang Z, Nag A, Afsarimanesh N. Recent Advancements in Graphene-Based Implantable Electrodes for Neural Recording/Stimulation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9911. [PMID: 38139756 PMCID: PMC10747868 DOI: 10.3390/s23249911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Implantable electrodes represent a groundbreaking advancement in nervous system research, providing a pivotal tool for recording and stimulating human neural activity. This capability is integral for unraveling the intricacies of the nervous system's functionality and for devising innovative treatments for various neurological disorders. Implantable electrodes offer distinct advantages compared to conventional recording and stimulating neural activity methods. They deliver heightened precision, fewer associated side effects, and the ability to gather data from diverse neural sources. Crucially, the development of implantable electrodes necessitates key attributes: flexibility, stability, and high resolution. Graphene emerges as a highly promising material for fabricating such electrodes due to its exceptional properties. It boasts remarkable flexibility, ensuring seamless integration with the complex and contoured surfaces of neural tissues. Additionally, graphene exhibits low electrical resistance, enabling efficient transmission of neural signals. Its transparency further extends its utility, facilitating compatibility with various imaging techniques and optogenetics. This paper showcases noteworthy endeavors in utilizing graphene in its pure form and as composites to create and deploy implantable devices tailored for neural recordings and stimulations. It underscores the potential for significant advancements in this field. Furthermore, this paper delves into prospective avenues for refining existing graphene-based electrodes, enhancing their suitability for neural recording applications in in vitro and in vivo settings. These future steps promise to revolutionize further our capacity to understand and interact with the neural research landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Eshrat E. Alahi
- School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, 222 Thaiburi, Thasala District, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Mubdiul Islam Rizu
- Microsystems Nanotechnologies for Chemical Analysis (MINOS), Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans, 26—Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Fahmida Wazed Tina
- Creative Innovation in Science and Technology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80280, Thailand;
| | - Zhaoling Huang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China;
| | - Anindya Nag
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
- Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop (CeTI), Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nasrin Afsarimanesh
- School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia;
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7
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Garland NT, Song JW, Ma T, Kim YJ, Vázquez-Guardado A, Hashkavayi AB, Ganeshan SK, Sharma N, Ryu H, Lee MK, Sumpio B, Jakus MA, Forsberg V, Kaveti R, Sia SK, Veves A, Rogers JA, Ameer GA, Bandodkar AJ. A Miniaturized, Battery-Free, Wireless Wound Monitor That Predicts Wound Closure Rate Early. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301280. [PMID: 37407030 PMCID: PMC10766868 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers are chronic wounds that affect millions and increase the risk of amputation and mortality, highlighting the critical need for their early detection. Recent demonstrations of wearable sensors enable real-time wound assessment, but they rely on bulky electronics, making them difficult to interface with wounds. Herein, a miniaturized, wireless, battery-free wound monitor that measures lactate in real-time and seamlessly integrates with bandages for conformal attachment to the wound bed is introduced. Lactate is selected due to its multifaceted role in initiating healing. Studies in healthy and diabetic mice reveal distinct lactate profiles for normal and impaired healing wounds. A mathematical model based on the sensor data predicts wound closure rate within the first 3 days post-injury with ≈76% accuracy, which increases to ≈83% when pH is included. These studies underscore the significance of monitoring biomarkers during the inflammation phase, which can offer several benefits, including short-term use of wound monitors and their easy removal, resulting in lower risks of injury and infection at the wound site. Improvements in prediction accuracy can be achieved by designing mathematical models that build on multiple wound parameters such as pro-inflammatory and metabolic markers. Achieving this goal will require designing multi-analyte wound monitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nate T. Garland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Joseph W. Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Tengfei Ma
- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Ossining, NY, USA
| | - Yong Jae Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Ayemeh Bagheri Hashkavayi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sankalp Koduvayur Ganeshan
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Nivesh Sharma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hanjun Ryu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Min-Kyu Lee
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Brandon Sumpio
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and the Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Viviane Forsberg
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 851 70, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Rajaram Kaveti
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Samuel K. Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, USA
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and the Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John A. Rogers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Guillermo A. Ameer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Evanston, IL, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Amay J. Bandodkar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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8
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Bartlett M, He M, Ranke D, Wang Y, Cohen-Karni T. A snapshot review on materials enabled multimodal bioelectronics for neurological and cardiac research. MRS ADVANCES 2023; 8:1047-1060. [PMID: 38283671 PMCID: PMC10812139 DOI: 10.1557/s43580-023-00645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Seamless integration of the body and electronics toward the understanding, quantification, and control of disease states remains one of the grand scientific challenges of this era. As such, research efforts have been dedicated to developing bioelectronic devices for chemical, mechanical, and electrical sensing, and cellular and tissue functionality modulation. The technologies developed to achieve these capabilities cross a wide range of materials and scale (and dimensionality), e.g., from micrometer to centimeters (from 2-dimensional (2D) to 3-dimensional (3D) assemblies). The integration into multimodal systems which allow greater insight and control into intrinsically multifaceted biological systems requires careful design and selection. This snapshot review will highlight the state-of-the-art in cellular recording and modulation as well as the material considerations for the design and manufacturing of devices integrating their capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Bartlett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mengdi He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Daniel Ranke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yingqiao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tzahi Cohen-Karni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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9
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Xu S, Momin M, Ahmed S, Hossain A, Veeramuthu L, Pandiyan A, Kuo CC, Zhou T. Illuminating the Brain: Advances and Perspectives in Optoelectronics for Neural Activity Monitoring and Modulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303267. [PMID: 37726261 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetic modulation of brain neural activity that combines optical and electrical modes in a unitary neural system has recently gained robust momentum. Controlling illumination spatial coverage, designing light-activated modulators, and developing wireless light delivery and data transmission are crucial for maximizing the use of optical neuromodulation. To this end, biocompatible electrodes with enhanced optoelectrical performance, device integration for multiplexed addressing, wireless transmission, and multimodal operation in soft systems have been developed. This review provides an outlook for uniformly illuminating large brain areas while spatiotemporally imaging the neural responses upon optoelectrical stimulation with little artifacts. Representative concepts and important breakthroughs, such as head-mounted illumination, multiple implanted optical fibers, and micro-light-delivery devices, are discussed. Examples of techniques that incorporate electrophysiological monitoring and optoelectrical stimulation are presented. Challenges and perspectives are posed for further research efforts toward high-density optoelectrical neural interface modulation, with the potential for nonpharmacological neurological disease treatments and wireless optoelectrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumao Xu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Marzia Momin
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Arafat Hossain
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Loganathan Veeramuthu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Republic of China
| | - Archana Pandiyan
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ching Kuo
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Neural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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10
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Abyzova E, Dogadina E, Rodriguez RD, Petrov I, Kolesnikova Y, Zhou M, Liu C, Sheremet E. Beyond Tissue replacement: The Emerging role of smart implants in healthcare. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100784. [PMID: 37731959 PMCID: PMC10507164 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart implants are increasingly used to treat various diseases, track patient status, and restore tissue and organ function. These devices support internal organs, actively stimulate nerves, and monitor essential functions. With continuous monitoring or stimulation, patient observation quality and subsequent treatment can be improved. Additionally, using biodegradable and entirely excreted implant materials eliminates the need for surgical removal, providing a patient-friendly solution. In this review, we classify smart implants and discuss the latest prototypes, materials, and technologies employed in their creation. Our focus lies in exploring medical devices beyond replacing an organ or tissue and incorporating new functionality through sensors and electronic circuits. We also examine the advantages, opportunities, and challenges of creating implantable devices that preserve all critical functions. By presenting an in-depth overview of the current state-of-the-art smart implants, we shed light on persistent issues and limitations while discussing potential avenues for future advancements in materials used for these devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Abyzova
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin ave. 30, Tomsk, Russia, 634050
| | - Elizaveta Dogadina
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin ave. 30, Tomsk, Russia, 634050
- Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, UK
| | | | - Ilia Petrov
- Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin ave. 30, Tomsk, Russia, 634050
| | | | - Mo Zhou
- Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Chaozong Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedic & Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, UK
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11
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Won D, Bang J, Choi SH, Pyun KR, Jeong S, Lee Y, Ko SH. Transparent Electronics for Wearable Electronics Application. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9982-10078. [PMID: 37542724 PMCID: PMC10452793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in wearable electronics offer seamless integration with the human body for extracting various biophysical and biochemical information for real-time health monitoring, clinical diagnostics, and augmented reality. Enormous efforts have been dedicated to imparting stretchability/flexibility and softness to electronic devices through materials science and structural modifications that enable stable and comfortable integration of these devices with the curvilinear and soft human body. However, the optical properties of these devices are still in the early stages of consideration. By incorporating transparency, visual information from interfacing biological systems can be preserved and utilized for comprehensive clinical diagnosis with image analysis techniques. Additionally, transparency provides optical imperceptibility, alleviating reluctance to wear the device on exposed skin. This review discusses the recent advancement of transparent wearable electronics in a comprehensive way that includes materials, processing, devices, and applications. Materials for transparent wearable electronics are discussed regarding their characteristics, synthesis, and engineering strategies for property enhancements. We also examine bridging techniques for stable integration with the soft human body. Building blocks for wearable electronic systems, including sensors, energy devices, actuators, and displays, are discussed with their mechanisms and performances. Lastly, we summarize the potential applications and conclude with the remaining challenges and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeyeon Won
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Junhyuk Bang
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seok Hwan Choi
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Pyun
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seongmin Jeong
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied
Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute
of Engineering Research/Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design
(SNU-IAMD), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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12
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Montoya G, Wagner K, Ryder G, Naseri ASZ, Faisal SN, Sencadas V, In Het Panhuis M, Spinks GM, Wallace GG, Alici G, Officer DL. Edge-Functionalized Graphene/Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Films for Flexible Neural Cuff Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38833-38845. [PMID: 37537952 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The design of neural electrodes has changed in the past decade, driven mainly by the development of new materials that open the possibility of manufacturing electrodes with adaptable mechanical properties and promising electrical properties. In this paper, we report on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite with edge-functionalized graphene (EFG) and demonstrate its potential for use in neural implants with the fabrication of a novel neural cuff electrode. We have shown that a 200 μm thick 1:1 EFG/PDMS composite film has a stretchability of up to 20%, a Young's modulus of 2.52 MPa, and a lifetime of more than 10000 mechanical cycles, making it highly suitable for interfacing with soft tissue. Electrochemical characterization of the EFG/PDMS composite film showed that the capacitance of the composite increased up to 35 times after electrochemical reduction, widening the electrochemical water window and remaining stable after soaking for 5 weeks in phosphate buffered saline. The electrochemically activated EFG/PDMS electrode had a 3 times increase in the charge injection capacity, which is more than double that of a commercial platinum-based neural cuff. Electrochemical and spectrochemical investigations supported the conclusion that this effect originated from the stable chemisorption of hydrogen on the graphene surface. The biocompatibility of the composite was confirmed with an in vitro cell culture study using mouse spinal cord cells. Finally, the potential of the EFG/PDMS composite was demonstrated with the fabrication of a novel neural cuff electrode, whose double-layered and open structured design increased the cuff stretchability up to 140%, well beyond that required for an operational neural cuff. In addition, the cuff design offers better integration with neural tissue and simpler nerve fiber installation and locking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Montoya
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Klaudia Wagner
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gregory Ryder
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Aida Shoushtari Zadeh Naseri
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Shaikh Nayeem Faisal
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Marc In Het Panhuis
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Geoffrey M Spinks
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gursel Alici
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - David L Officer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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13
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Ali AA, Al-Sayah MH, Al-Othman A, Al-Nashash H. A Flexible Conductive Electrode Using Boronic-Acid Modified Carbon Dots. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-6. [PMID: 38082587 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electrodes are becoming a topic of interest for a range of applications including implantation. They can be used for neural signal recording and for electrical stimulation of atrophying muscles. Unlike the traditionally used metal electrodes that are harsh to the body's tissues, flexible electrodes conduct electricity while preserving the delicate tissues. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a non-conductive synthetic polymer characterized by its flexibility, low cost, biocompatibility, and durability during implantation, has been explored as a matrix for flexible electrodes. This study reports the synthesis of composite boronic acid-modified carbon dots (BA-CDs)/PDMS electrode materials. The performance of the composite electrode is evaluated electrochemically (for its conductivity and charge storage capacity) and mechanically (Young's modulus). Furthermore, the effect of increasing the PDMS crosslinking density on the electrode's performance is studied based on the hypothesis that a higher crosslinking will bring the BA-CDs closer together, thereby facilitating the movement of electrons. Results of this study showed that incorporating 10% BA-CDs dispersed with 16% glycerol in 74% PDMS with a higher crosslinking density resulted in a bulk impedance of 47.7 Ω and a conductivity of 2.68×10-3 S/cm, both of which surpassed that of the same composition with lower crosslinking. The synthesized flexible electrode material was capable of charge storage although the charge storage capacity (0.00365 mC/cm2) was lower than the safe limit for some tissue activation. Furthermore, the electrode maintained a modulus of elasticity (0.2322 MPa) that is compatible with biological soft tissues.Clinical Relevance- This study reports a conductive electrode that has a flexibility compatible with that of biological tissues for future purposes such as neural signal recording and tissue electrical stimulation (e.g. atrophying muscles). The reported BA-CD/PDMS electrode overcomes the limitations of the harsh metals previously used as implantable electrodes that harm the biological tissues due to their high rigidity.
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14
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Chen Z, Nguyen K, Kowalik G, Shi X, Tian J, Doshi M, Alber BR, Guan X, Liu X, Ning X, Kay MW, Lu L. Transparent and Stretchable Au─Ag Nanowire Recording Microelectrode Arrays. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2023; 8:2201716. [PMID: 38644939 PMCID: PMC11031257 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202201716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Transparent microelectrodes have received much attention from the biomedical community due to their unique advantages in concurrent crosstalk-free electrical and optical interrogation of cell/tissue activity. Despite recent progress in constructing transparent microelectrodes, a major challenge is to simultaneously achieve desirable mechanical stretchability, optical transparency, electrochemical performance, and chemical stability for high-fidelity, conformal, and stable interfacing with soft tissue/organ systems. To address this challenge, we have designed microelectrode arrays (MEAs) with gold-coated silver nanowires (Au─Ag NWs) by combining technical advances in materials, fabrication, and mechanics. The Au coating improves both the chemical stability and electrochemical impedance of the Au─Ag NW microelectrodes with only slight changes in optical properties. The MEAs exhibit a high optical transparency >80% at 550 nm, a low normalized 1 kHz electrochemical impedance of 1.2-7.5 Ω cm2, stable chemical and electromechanical performance after exposure to oxygen plasma for 5 min, and cyclic stretching for 600 cycles at 20% strain, superior to other transparent microelectrode alternatives. The MEAs easily conform to curvilinear heart surfaces for colocalized electrophysiological and optical mapping of cardiac function. This work demonstrates that stretchable transparent metal nanowire MEAs are promising candidates for diverse biomedical science and engineering applications, particularly under mechanically dynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Grant Kowalik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Xinyu Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Jinbi Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Mitansh Doshi
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Bridget R Alber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Xun Guan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Xitong Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Xin Ning
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Matthew W Kay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Luyao Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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15
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Kumbhakar P, Jayan JS, Sreedevi Madhavikutty A, Sreeram P, Saritha A, Ito T, Tiwary CS. Prospective applications of two-dimensional materials beyond laboratory frontiers: A review. iScience 2023; 26:106671. [PMID: 37168568 PMCID: PMC10165413 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of nanotechnology has been advancing for decades and gained acceleration in the 21st century. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are widely available, giving them a wide range of material platforms for technological study and the advancement of atomic-level applications. The design and application of 2D materials are discussed in this review. In order to evaluate the performance of 2D materials, which might lead to greater applications benefiting the electrical and electronics sectors as well as society, the future paradigm of 2D materials needs to be visualized. The development of 2D hybrid materials with better characteristics that will help industry and society at large is anticipated to result from intensive research in 2D materials. This enhanced evaluation might open new opportunities for the synthesis of 2D materials and the creation of devices that are more effective than traditional ones in various sectors of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Kumbhakar
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
- Department of Physics and Electronics, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Jitha S. Jayan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | | | - P.R. Sreeram
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Appukuttan Saritha
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Taichi Ito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
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16
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Park J, Lee S, Lee M, Kim HS, Lee JY. Injectable Conductive Hydrogels with Tunable Degradability as Novel Implantable Bioelectrodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300250. [PMID: 36828790 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrodes have been developed to efficiently mediate electrical signals of biological systems as stimulators and recording devices. Recently, conductive hydrogels have garnered great attention as emerging materials for bioelectrode applications because they can permit intimate/conformal contact with living tissues and tissue-like softness. However, administration and control over the in vivo lifetime of bioelectrodes remain challenges. Here, injectable conductive hydrogels (ICHs) with tunable degradability as implantable bioelectrodes are developed. ICHs were constructed via thiol-ene reactions using poly(ethylene glycol)-tetrathiol and thiol-functionalized reduced graphene oxide with either hydrolyzable poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate or stable poly(ethylene glycol)-dimaleimide, the resultant hydrogels of which are degradable and nondegradable, respectively. The ICH electrodes had conductivities of 21-22 mS cm-1 and Young's moduli of 15-17 kPa, and showed excellent cell and tissue compatibility. The hydrolyzable conductive hydrogels disappeared 3 days after in vivo administration, while the stable conductive hydrogels maintained their shapes for up to 7 days. Our proof-of-concept studies reveal that electromyography signals with significantly improved sensitivity from rats could be obtained from the injected ICH electrodes compared to skin electrodes and injected nonconductive hydrogel electrodes. The ICHs, offering convenience in use, controllable degradation and excellent signal transmission, will have great potential to develop various bioelectronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghun Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Kim
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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17
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Song JW, Ryu H, Bai W, Xie Z, Vázquez-Guardado A, Nandoliya K, Avila R, Lee G, Song Z, Kim J, Lee MK, Liu Y, Kim M, Wang H, Wu Y, Yoon HJ, Kwak SS, Shin J, Kwon K, Lu W, Chen X, Huang Y, Ameer GA, Rogers JA. Bioresorbable, wireless, and battery-free system for electrotherapy and impedance sensing at wound sites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade4687. [PMID: 36812305 PMCID: PMC9946359 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade4687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds, particularly those associated with diabetes mellitus, represent a growing threat to public health, with additional notable economic impacts. Inflammation associated with these wounds leads to abnormalities in endogenous electrical signals that impede the migration of keratinocytes needed to support the healing process. This observation motivates the treatment of chronic wounds with electrical stimulation therapy, but practical engineering challenges, difficulties in removing stimulation hardware from the wound site, and absence of means to monitor the healing process create barriers to widespread clinical use. Here, we demonstrate a miniaturized wireless, battery-free bioresorbable electrotherapy system that overcomes these challenges. Studies based on a splinted diabetic mouse wound model confirm the efficacy for accelerated wound closure by guiding epithelial migration, modulating inflammation, and promoting vasculogenesis. Changes in the impedance provide means for tracking the healing process. The results demonstrate a simple and effective platform for wound site electrotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W. Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hanjun Ryu
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Wubin Bai
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- DUT-BSU Joint Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | | | - Khizar Nandoliya
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Geumbee Lee
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jihye Kim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Min-Kyu Lee
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yugang Liu
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mirae Kim
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Huifeng Wang
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yixin Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hong-Joon Yoon
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kwak
- Center for Bionics of Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeho Shin
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kyeongha Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Wei Lu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Xuexian Chen
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Guillermo A. Ameer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Evanston, IL, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - John A. Rogers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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18
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Hu J, Hossain RF, Navabi ZS, Tillery A, Laroque M, Donaldson PD, Swisher SL, Kodandaramaiah SB. Fully desktop fabricated flexible graphene electrocorticography (ECoG) arrays. J Neural Eng 2023; 20:10.1088/1741-2552/acae08. [PMID: 36548995 PMCID: PMC10027363 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acae08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective:Flexible Electrocorticography (ECoG) electrode arrays that conform to the cortical surface and record surface field potentials from multiple brain regions provide unique insights into how computations occurring in distributed brain regions mediate behavior. Specialized microfabrication methods are required to produce flexible ECoG devices with high-density electrode arrays. However, these fabrication methods are challenging for scientists without access to cleanroom fabrication equipment.Results:Here we present a fully desktop fabricated flexible graphene ECoG array. First, we synthesized a stable, conductive ink via liquid exfoliation of Graphene in Cyrene. Next, we established a stencil-printing process for patterning the graphene ink via laser-cut stencils on flexible polyimide substrates. Benchtop tests indicate that the graphene electrodes have good conductivity of ∼1.1 × 103S cm-1, flexibility to maintain their electrical connection under static bending, and electrochemical stability in a 15 d accelerated corrosion test. Chronically implanted graphene ECoG devices remain fully functional for up to 180 d, with averagein vivoimpedances of 24.72 ± 95.23 kΩ at 1 kHz. The ECoG device can measure spontaneous surface field potentials from mice under awake and anesthetized states and sensory stimulus-evoked responses.Significance:The stencil-printing fabrication process can be used to create Graphene ECoG devices with customized electrode layouts within 24 h using commonly available laboratory equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
| | | | - Zahra S. Navabi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
| | | | - Michael Laroque
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
| | - Preston D. Donaldson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
| | - Sarah L. Swisher
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
| | - Suhasa B. Kodandaramaiah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
- Send manuscript correspondence to: Suhasa B. Kodandaramaiah, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Address: 111 Church St SE, Room 303, Minneapolis, MN 55455,
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19
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Rodrigues AF, Tavares APM, Simões S, Silva RPFF, Sobrino T, Figueiredo BR, Sales G, Ferreira L. Engineering graphene-based electrodes for optical neural stimulation. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:687-706. [PMID: 36515425 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials (GBMs) have been investigated in recent years with the aim of developing flexible interfaces to address a range of neurological disorders, where electrical stimulation may improve brain function and tissue regeneration. The recent discovery that GBM electrodes can generate an electrical response upon light exposure has inspired the development of non-genetic approaches capable of selectively modulating brain cells without genetic manipulation (i.e., optogenetics). Here, we propose the conjugation of graphene with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), which enable wireless transcranial activation using tissue-penetrating near-infrared (NIR) radiation. Following a design of experiments approach, we first investigated the influence of different host matrices and dopants commonly used to synthesize UCNPs in the electrical response of graphene. Two UCNP formulations achieving optimal enhancement of electrical conductivity upon NIR activation at λ = 780 or 980 nm were identified. These formulations were then covalently attached to graphene nanoplatelets following selective hydroxyl derivatization. The resulting nanocomposites were evaluated in vitro using SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. NIR activation at λ = 980 nm promoted cell proliferation and downregulated neuronal and glial differentiation markers, suggesting the potential application of GBMs in minimally invasive stimulation of cells for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Filipe Rodrigues
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana P M Tavares
- BioMark@UC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana Simões
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Rui P F F Silva
- Graphenest S.A., Edifício Vouga Park, 3740-070 Paradela do Vouga, Portugal
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- NeuroAging Laboratory, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Bruno R Figueiredo
- Graphenest S.A., Edifício Vouga Park, 3740-070 Paradela do Vouga, Portugal
| | - Goreti Sales
- BioMark@UC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lino Ferreira
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Central, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
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20
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Fekete Z, Zátonyi A, Kaszás A, Madarász M, Slézia A. Transparent neural interfaces: challenges and solutions of microengineered multimodal implants designed to measure intact neuronal populations using high-resolution electrophysiology and microscopy simultaneously. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:66. [PMID: 37213820 PMCID: PMC10195795 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive overview of the feasibility of using transparent neural interfaces in multimodal in vivo experiments on the central nervous system. Multimodal electrophysiological and neuroimaging approaches hold great potential for revealing the anatomical and functional connectivity of neuronal ensembles in the intact brain. Multimodal approaches are less time-consuming and require fewer experimental animals as researchers obtain denser, complex data during the combined experiments. Creating devices that provide high-resolution, artifact-free neural recordings while facilitating the interrogation or stimulation of underlying anatomical features is currently one of the greatest challenges in the field of neuroengineering. There are numerous articles highlighting the trade-offs between the design and development of transparent neural interfaces; however, a comprehensive overview of the efforts in material science and technology has not been reported. Our present work fills this gap in knowledge by introducing the latest micro- and nanoengineered solutions for fabricating substrate and conductive components. Here, the limitations and improvements in electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, the stability and longevity of the integrated features, and biocompatibility during in vivo use are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Fekete
- Research Group for Implantable Microsystems, Faculty of Information Technology & Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Psychology, Eotvos Lorand Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A. Zátonyi
- Research Group for Implantable Microsystems, Faculty of Information Technology & Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A. Kaszás
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre CMP, Département BEL, F - 13541 Gardanne, France
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR 7289 & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - M. Madarász
- János Szentágothai PhD Program of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- BrainVision Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A. Slézia
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR 7289 & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
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21
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2D Materials towards sensing technology: From fundamentals to applications. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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22
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Sang M, Kim K, Shin J, Yu KJ. Ultra-Thin Flexible Encapsulating Materials for Soft Bio-Integrated Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202980. [PMID: 36031395 PMCID: PMC9596833 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, bioelectronic devices extensively researched and developed through the convergence of flexible biocompatible materials and electronics design that enables more precise diagnostics and therapeutics in human health care and opens up the potential to expand into various fields, such as clinical medicine and biomedical research. To establish an accurate and stable bidirectional bio-interface, protection against the external environment and high mechanical deformation is essential for wearable bioelectronic devices. In the case of implantable bioelectronics, special encapsulation materials and optimized mechanical designs and configurations that provide electronic stability and functionality are required for accommodating various organ properties, lifespans, and functions in the biofluid environment. Here, this study introduces recent developments of ultra-thin encapsulations with novel materials that can preserve or even improve the electrical performance of wearable and implantable bio-integrated electronics by supporting safety and stability for protection from destruction and contamination as well as optimizing the use of bioelectronic systems in physiological environments. In addition, a summary of the materials, methods, and characteristics of the most widely used encapsulation technologies is introduced, thereby providing a strategic selection of appropriate choices of recently developed flexible bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Sang
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringYonsei University50 Yonsei‐ro, SeodaemunguSeoul03722Republic of Korea
| | - Kyubeen Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringYonsei University50 Yonsei‐ro, SeodaemunguSeoul03722Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoon Shin
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringYonsei University50 Yonsei‐ro, SeodaemunguSeoul03722Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Yu
- School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringYonsei University50 Yonsei‐ro, SeodaemunguSeoul03722Republic of Korea
- YU‐KIST InstituteYonsei University50 Yonsei‐ro, SeodaemunguSeoul03722Republic of Korea
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23
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Girão AF, Serrano MC, Completo A, Marques PAAP. Is Graphene Shortening the Path toward Spinal Cord Regeneration? ACS NANO 2022; 16:13430-13467. [PMID: 36000717 PMCID: PMC9776589 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Along with the development of the next generation of biomedical platforms, the inclusion of graphene-based materials (GBMs) into therapeutics for spinal cord injury (SCI) has potential to nourish topmost neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies for enhancing neural structural and physiological recovery. In the context of SCI, contemplated as one of the most convoluted challenges of modern medicine, this review first provides an overview of its characteristics and pathophysiological features. Then, the most relevant ongoing clinical trials targeting SCI, including pharmaceutical, robotics/neuromodulation, and scaffolding approaches, are introduced and discussed in sequence with the most important insights brought by GBMs into each particular topic. The current role of these nanomaterials on restoring the spinal cord microenvironment after injury is critically contextualized, while proposing future concepts and desirable outputs for graphene-based technologies aiming to reach clinical significance for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Girão
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (A.F.G.)
| | - María Concepcion Serrano
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (M.C.S.)
| | - António Completo
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A. A. P. Marques
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- (P.A.A.P.M.)
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24
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Bakhshaee Babaroud N, Palmar M, Velea AI, Coletti C, Weingärtner S, Vos F, Serdijn WA, Vollebregt S, Giagka V. Multilayer CVD graphene electrodes using a transfer-free process for the next generation of optically transparent and MRI-compatible neural interfaces. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:107. [PMID: 36176270 PMCID: PMC9512798 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal platforms combining electrical neural recording and stimulation, optogenetics, optical imaging, and magnetic resonance (MRI) imaging are emerging as a promising platform to enhance the depth of characterization in neuroscientific research. Electrically conductive, optically transparent, and MRI-compatible electrodes can optimally combine all modalities. Graphene as a suitable electrode candidate material can be grown via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes and sandwiched between transparent biocompatible polymers. However, due to the high graphene growth temperature (≥ 900 °C) and the presence of polymers, fabrication is commonly based on a manual transfer process of pre-grown graphene sheets, which causes reliability issues. In this paper, we present CVD-based multilayer graphene electrodes fabricated using a wafer-scale transfer-free process for use in optically transparent and MRI-compatible neural interfaces. Our fabricated electrodes feature very low impedances which are comparable to those of noble metal electrodes of the same size and geometry. They also exhibit the highest charge storage capacity (CSC) reported to date among all previously fabricated CVD graphene electrodes. Our graphene electrodes did not reveal any photo-induced artifact during 10-Hz light pulse illumination. Additionally, we show here, for the first time, that CVD graphene electrodes do not cause any image artifact in a 3T MRI scanner. These results demonstrate that multilayer graphene electrodes are excellent candidates for the next generation of neural interfaces and can substitute the standard conventional metal electrodes. Our fabricated graphene electrodes enable multimodal neural recording, electrical and optogenetic stimulation, while allowing for optical imaging, as well as, artifact-free MRI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Bakhshaee Babaroud
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, Delft, 2628 CD The Netherlands
| | - Merlin Palmar
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, Delft, 2628 CD The Netherlands
| | - Andrada Iulia Velea
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, Delft, 2628 CD The Netherlands
- Technologies for Bioelectronics Group, Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Micro-integration IZM, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, Berlin, 13355 Germany
| | - Chiara Coletti
- Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft, 2628 CJ The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Weingärtner
- Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft, 2628 CJ The Netherlands
| | - Frans Vos
- Department of Imaging Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft, 2628 CJ The Netherlands
| | - Wouter A. Serdijn
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, Delft, 2628 CD The Netherlands
- Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015 GD The Netherlands
| | - Sten Vollebregt
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, Delft, 2628 CD The Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Giagka
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, Delft, 2628 CD The Netherlands
- Technologies for Bioelectronics Group, Department of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Micro-integration IZM, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, Berlin, 13355 Germany
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25
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Donaldson PD, Navabi ZS, Carter RE, Fausner SML, Ghanbari L, Ebner TJ, Swisher SL, Kodandaramaiah SB. Polymer Skulls With Integrated Transparent Electrode Arrays for Cortex-Wide Opto-Electrophysiological Recordings. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200626. [PMID: 35869830 PMCID: PMC9573805 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrophysiology and optical imaging provide complementary neural sensing capabilities - electrophysiological recordings have high temporal resolution, while optical imaging allows recording of genetically-defined populations at high spatial resolution. Combining these two modalities for simultaneous large-scale, multimodal sensing of neural activity across multiple brain regions can be very powerful. Here, transparent, inkjet-printed electrode arrays with outstanding optical and electrical properties are seamlessly integrated with morphologically conformant transparent polymer skulls. Implanted on transgenic mice expressing the Calcium (Ca2+ ) indicator GCaMP6f in excitatory neurons, these "eSee-Shells" provide a robust opto-electrophysiological interface for over 100 days. eSee-Shells enable simultaneous mesoscale Ca2+ imaging and electrocorticography (ECoG) acquisition from multiple brain regions covering 45 mm2 of cortex under anesthesia and in awake animals. The clarity and transparency of eSee-Shells allow recording single-cell Ca2+ signals directly below the electrodes and interconnects. Simultaneous multimodal measurement of cortical dynamics reveals changes in both ECoG and Ca2+ signals that depend on the behavioral state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston D Donaldson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 200 Union St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Zahra S Navabi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 117 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Russell E Carter
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Skylar M L Fausner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 117 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Leila Ghanbari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 117 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Timothy J Ebner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Sarah L Swisher
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 200 Union St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Suhasa B Kodandaramaiah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 117 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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26
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Ding J, Chen Z, Liu X, Tian Y, Jiang J, Qiao Z, Zhang Y, Xiao Z, Wei D, Sun J, Luo F, Zhou L, Fan H. A mechanically adaptive hydrogel neural interface based on silk fibroin for high-efficiency neural activity recording. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2215-2225. [PMID: 35723211 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00533f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A flexible non-transient electrical platform that can realize bidirectional neural communication from living tissues is of great interest in neuroscience to better understand basic neuroscience and the nondrug therapy of diseases or disorders. The development of soft, biocompatible, and conductive neural interface with mechanical coupling and efficient electrical exchange is a new trend but remains a challenge. Herein, we designed a multifunctional neural electrical communication platform in the form of a mechanically compliant, electrically conductive, and biocompatible hydrogel electrode. Silk fibroin (SF) obtained from Bombyx Mori cocoons was compounded with aldehyde-hyaluronic acid (HA-CHO) with a dynamic network to delay or interrupt the β-sheet-induced hardening of SF chains, resulting in the fabrication of a hydrogel matrix that is mechanically matched to biological tissues. Moreover, the incorporation of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) facilitated interaction and dispersion and enabled the formation of a hydrogel electrode with a high-current percolation network, thus contributing toward improving the electrical properties in terms of conductivity, impedance, and charge storage capabilities. These advances allow high-efficiency stimulation and the recording of neural signals during in vivo implantation. Overall, a wide range of animal experiments demonstrate that the platform exhibits minimal foreign body responses, thus showing it to be a promising electrophysiology interface for potential applications in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhihong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaoyin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ji Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zi Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhanwen Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fang Luo
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
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27
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The era of nano-bionic: 2D materials for wearable and implantable body sensors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114315. [PMID: 35513130 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nano-bionics have the potential of revolutionizing modern medicine. Among nano-bionic devices, body sensors allow to monitor in real-time the health of patients, to achieve personalized medicine, and even to restore or enhance human functions. The advent of two-dimensional (2D) materials is facilitating the manufacturing of miniaturized and ultrathin bioelectronics, that can be easily integrated in the human body. Their unique electronic properties allow to efficiently transduce physical and chemical stimuli into electric current. Their flexibility and nanometric thickness facilitate the adaption and adhesion to human body. The low opacity permits to obtain transparent devices. The good cellular adhesion and reduced cytotoxicity are advantageous for the integration of the devices in vivo. Herein we review the latest and more significant examples of 2D material-based sensors for health monitoring, describing their architectures, sensing mechanisms, advantages and, as well, the challenges and drawbacks that hampers their translation into commercial clinical devices.
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28
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Lee S, Park J, Kim S, Ok J, Yoo JI, Kim YS, Ahn Y, Kim TI, Ko HC, Lee JY. High-Performance Implantable Bioelectrodes with Immunocompatible Topography for Modulation of Macrophage Responses. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7471-7485. [PMID: 35438981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Implantable bioelectrodes enable precise recording or stimulation of electrical signals with living tissues in close contact. However, their performance is frequently compromised owing to inflammatory tissue reactions, which macrophages either induce or resolve by polarizing to an inflammatory (M1) or noninflammatory (M2) phenotype, respectively. Thus, we aimed to fabricate biocompatible and functional implantable conductive polymer bioelectrodes with optimal topography for the modulation of macrophage responses. To this end, we produced heparin-doped polypyrrole (PPy/Hep) electrodes of different surface roughness, with Ra values from 5.5 to 17.6 nm, by varying the charge densities during electrochemical synthesis. In vitro culture revealed that macrophages on rough PPy/Hep electrodes preferentially polarized to noninflammatory phenotypes. In particular, PPy/Hep-900 (Ra = 14 nm) was optimal with respect to electrochemical properties and the suppression of inflammatory M1 polarization. In vivo implantation indicated that PPy/Hep-900 significantly reduced macrophage recruitment, suppressed inflammatory polarization, and mitigated fibrotic tissue formation. In addition, the implanted PPy/Hep-900 electrodes could successfully record electrocardiographic signals for up to 10 days without substantial decreases in sensitivity, while other electrodes substantially lost their signal sensitivity during implantation. Altogether, we demonstrate that modulating the surface features of PPy/Hep can benefit the design and applications of high-performance and high-biocompatibility bioelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghun Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Semin Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyung Ok
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Il Yoo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sook Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
- Cell Regeneration Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
- Cell Regeneration Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Cho Ko
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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29
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Donaldson PD, Swisher SL. Transparent, Low-Impedance Inkjet-Printed PEDOT:PSS Microelectrodes for Multi-modal Neuroscience. PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI. A, APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE : PSS 2022; 219:2100683. [PMID: 37641661 PMCID: PMC10461862 DOI: 10.1002/pssa.202100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Transparent microelectrodes that facilitate simultaneous optical and electrophysiological interfacing are desirable tools for neuroscience. Electrodes made from transparent conductors such as graphene and indium tin oxide (ITO) show promise but are often limited by poor interfacial charge-transfer properties. Here, microelectrodes are demonstrated that take advantage of the transparency and volumetric capacitance of the mixed ion-electron conductor Poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). Ring-shaped microelectrodes are fabricated by inkjet-printing PEDOT:PSS, encapsulating with Parylene-C, and then exposing a contact site that is much smaller than the microelectrode outer diameter. This unique structure allows the encapsulated portion of the microelectrode volume surrounding the contact site to participate in signal transduction, which reduces impedance and enhances charge storage capacity. While using the same 100 μm diameter contact site, increasing the outer diameter of the encapsulated electrode from 300 to 550 μm reduces the impedance from 294±21 to 98±2 kΩ, respectively, at 1 Hz. Similarly, the charge storage capacity is enhanced from 6 to 21 mC cm-2. The PEDOT:PSS microelectrodes provide a low-haze, high-transmittance optical interface, demonstrating their suitability for optical neuroscience applications. They remain functional after a million 1 V stimulation cycles, up to 600 μA of stimulation current, and more than 1000 mechanical bending cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston D Donaldson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sarah L Swisher
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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30
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Papasavvas C, Taylor PN, Wang Y. Long-term changes in functional connectivity improve prediction of responses to intracranial stimulation of the human brain. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 35168208 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac5568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Targeted electrical stimulation of the brain perturbs neural networks and modulates their rhythmic activity both at the site of stimulation and at remote brain regions. Understanding, or even predicting, this neuromodulatory effect is crucial for any therapeutic use of brain stimulation. The objective of this study was to investigate if brain network properties prior to stimulation sessions hold associative and predictive value in understanding the neuromodulatory effect of electrical stimulation in a clinical context. APPROACH We analysed the stimulation responses in 131 stimulation sessions across 66 patients with focal epilepsy recorded through intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG). We considered functional and structural connectivity features as predictors of the response at every iEEG contact. Taking advantage of multiple recordings over days, we also investigated how slow changes in interictal functional connectivity (FC) ahead of the stimulation, representing the long-term variability of FC, relate to stimulation responses. MAIN RESULTS The long-term variability of FC exhibits strong association with the stimulation-induced increases in delta and theta band power. Furthermore, we show through cross-validation that long-term variability of FC improves prediction of responses above the performance of spatial predictors alone. SIGNIFICANCE This study highlights the importance of the slow dynamics of functional connectivity in the prediction of brain stimulation responses. Furthermore, these findings can enhance the patient-specific design of effective neuromodulatory protocols for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoforos Papasavvas
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Science Square, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Peter Neal Taylor
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Science Square, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Yujiang Wang
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Science Square, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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Schelles M, Wouters J, Asamoah B, Mc Laughlin M, Bertrand A. Objective evaluation of stimulation artefact removal techniques in the context of neural spike sorting. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac4ecf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective - We present a framework to objectively test and compare stimulation artefact removal techniques in the context of neural spike sorting. Approach - To this end, we used realistic hybrid ground-truth spiking data, with superimposed artefacts from in vivo recordings. We used the framework to evaluate and compare several techniques: blanking, template subtraction by averaging, linear regression, and a multi-channel Wiener filter (MWF). Main results - Our study demonstrates that blanking and template subtraction result in a poorer spike sorting performance than linear regression and MWF, while the latter two perform similarly. Finally, to validate the conclusions found from the hybrid evaluation framework, we also performed a qualitative analysis on in vivo recordings without artificial manipulations. Significance - Our framework allows direct quantification of the impact of the residual artefact on the spike sorting accuracy, thereby allowing for a more objective and more relevant comparison compared to indirect signal quality metrics that are estimated from the signal statistics. Furthermore, the availability of a ground truth in the form of single-unit spiking activity also facilitates a better estimation of such signal quality metrics.
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Yoon J, Shin M, Kim D, Lim J, Kim HW, Kang T, Choi JW. Bionanohybrid composed of metalloprotein/DNA/MoS 2/peptides to control the intracellular redox states of living cells and its applicability as a cell-based biomemory device. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 196:113725. [PMID: 34678652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of cell-based bioelectronic devices largely depends on the direct control of intracellular redox states. However, most related studies have focused on the accurate measurement of electrical signals from living cells, whereas direct intracellular state control remains largely unexplored. Here, we developed a biocompatible transmembranal bionanohybrid structure composed of a recombinant metalloprotein, DNA, molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles (MoS2), and peptides to control intracellular redox states, which can be used as a cell-based biomemory device. Using the capacitance of MoS2 located inside the cell, the bionanohybrid controled the intracellular redox states of living cells by recording and extracting intracellular charges, which inturn was achieved by activating (writing) and deactivating (erasing) the cells. As a proof of concept, cell-based biomemory functions including writing, reading, and erasing were successfully demonstrated and confirmed via electrochemical methods and patch-clamp analyses, resulting in the development of the first in vitro cell-based biomemory device. This newly developed bionanohybrid provides a novel approach to control cellular redox states for cell-based bioelectronic applications, and can be applicable in a wide range of biological fields including bioelectronic medicine and intracellular redox status regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Yoon
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Shin
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeon Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Joungpyo Lim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woong Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewook Kang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
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Dijk G, Kaszas A, Pas J, O’Connor RP. Fabrication and in vivo 2-photon microscopy validation of transparent PEDOT:PSS microelectrode arrays. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:90. [PMID: 36051746 PMCID: PMC9424218 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Transparent microelectrode arrays enable simultaneous electrical recording and optical imaging of neuronal networks in the brain. Electrodes made of the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) are transparent; however, device fabrication necessitates specific processes to avoid deterioration of the organic material. Here, we present an innovative fabrication scheme for a neural probe that consists of transparent PEDOT:PSS electrodes and demonstrate its compatibility with 2-photon microscopy. The electrodes show suitable impedance to record local field potentials from the cortex of mice and sufficient transparency to visualize GCaMP6f-expressing neurons underneath the PEDOT:PSS features. The results validate the performance of the neural probe, which paves the way to study the complex dynamics of in vivo neuronal activity with both a high spatial and temporal resolution to better understand the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwin Dijk
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre CMP, Department of Bioelectronics, Gardanne, 13541 France
- Panaxium SAS, Aix-en-Provence, 13100 France
| | - Attila Kaszas
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre CMP, Department of Bioelectronics, Gardanne, 13541 France
| | - Jolien Pas
- Panaxium SAS, Aix-en-Provence, 13100 France
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Abdelfattah AS, Ahuja S, Akkin T, Allu SR, Brake J, Boas DA, Buckley EM, Campbell RE, Chen AI, Cheng X, Čižmár T, Costantini I, De Vittorio M, Devor A, Doran PR, El Khatib M, Emiliani V, Fomin-Thunemann N, Fainman Y, Fernandez-Alfonso T, Ferri CGL, Gilad A, Han X, Harris A, Hillman EMC, Hochgeschwender U, Holt MG, Ji N, Kılıç K, Lake EMR, Li L, Li T, Mächler P, Miller EW, Mesquita RC, Nadella KMNS, Nägerl UV, Nasu Y, Nimmerjahn A, Ondráčková P, Pavone FS, Perez Campos C, Peterka DS, Pisano F, Pisanello F, Puppo F, Sabatini BL, Sadegh S, Sakadzic S, Shoham S, Shroff SN, Silver RA, Sims RR, Smith SL, Srinivasan VJ, Thunemann M, Tian L, Tian L, Troxler T, Valera A, Vaziri A, Vinogradov SA, Vitale F, Wang LV, Uhlířová H, Xu C, Yang C, Yang MH, Yellen G, Yizhar O, Zhao Y. Neurophotonic tools for microscopic measurements and manipulation: status report. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:013001. [PMID: 35493335 PMCID: PMC9047450 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.s1.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Neurophotonics was launched in 2014 coinciding with the launch of the BRAIN Initiative focused on development of technologies for advancement of neuroscience. For the last seven years, Neurophotonics' agenda has been well aligned with this focus on neurotechnologies featuring new optical methods and tools applicable to brain studies. While the BRAIN Initiative 2.0 is pivoting towards applications of these novel tools in the quest to understand the brain, this status report reviews an extensive and diverse toolkit of novel methods to explore brain function that have emerged from the BRAIN Initiative and related large-scale efforts for measurement and manipulation of brain structure and function. Here, we focus on neurophotonic tools mostly applicable to animal studies. A companion report, scheduled to appear later this year, will cover diffuse optical imaging methods applicable to noninvasive human studies. For each domain, we outline the current state-of-the-art of the respective technologies, identify the areas where innovation is needed, and provide an outlook for the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Abdelfattah
- Brown University, Department of Neuroscience, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Sapna Ahuja
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Taner Akkin
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Srinivasa Rao Allu
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Joshua Brake
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, Claremont, California, United States
| | - David A. Boas
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Erin M. Buckley
- Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- University of Tokyo, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
- University of Alberta, Department of Chemistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anderson I. Chen
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Xiaojun Cheng
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tomáš Čižmár
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Costantini
- University of Florence, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Department of Biology, Florence, Italy
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo De Vittorio
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Italy
| | - Anna Devor
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Patrick R. Doran
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mirna El Khatib
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Natalie Fomin-Thunemann
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yeshaiahu Fainman
- University of California San Diego, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Tomas Fernandez-Alfonso
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher G. L. Ferri
- University of California San Diego, Departments of Neurosciences, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Ariel Gilad
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Department of Medical Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Xue Han
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Andrew Harris
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Ute Hochgeschwender
- Central Michigan University, Department of Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States
| | - Matthew G. Holt
- University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
| | - Na Ji
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California, United States
| | - Kıvılcım Kılıç
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Evelyn M. R. Lake
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Lei Li
- California Institute of Technology, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Tianqi Li
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Philipp Mächler
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Evan W. Miller
- University of California Berkeley, Departments of Chemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Berkeley, California, United States
| | | | | | - U. Valentin Nägerl
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience University of Bordeaux & CNRS, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yusuke Nasu
- University of Tokyo, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Axel Nimmerjahn
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Petra Ondráčková
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco S. Pavone
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- University of Florence, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, Florence, Italy
| | - Citlali Perez Campos
- Columbia University, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, United States
| | - Darcy S. Peterka
- Columbia University, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, United States
| | - Filippo Pisano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Pisanello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Italy
| | - Francesca Puppo
- University of California San Diego, Departments of Neurosciences, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Bernardo L. Sabatini
- Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sanaz Sadegh
- University of California San Diego, Departments of Neurosciences, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Sava Sakadzic
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shy Shoham
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Tech4Health and Neuroscience Institutes, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sanaya N. Shroff
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - R. Angus Silver
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth R. Sims
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Spencer L. Smith
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Santa Barbara, California, United States
| | - Vivek J. Srinivasan
- New York University Langone Health, Departments of Ophthalmology and Radiology, New York, New York, United States
| | - Martin Thunemann
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lei Tian
- Boston University, Departments of Electrical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lin Tian
- University of California Davis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Davis, California, United States
| | - Thomas Troxler
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Antoine Valera
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alipasha Vaziri
- Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Neurotechnology and Biophysics, New York, New York, United States
- The Rockefeller University, The Kavli Neural Systems Institute, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sergei A. Vinogradov
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Bioengineering, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Lihong V. Wang
- California Institute of Technology, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Hana Uhlířová
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Chris Xu
- Cornell University, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Changhuei Yang
- California Institute of Technology, Departments of Electrical Engineering, Bioengineering and Medical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Mu-Han Yang
- University of California San Diego, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Gary Yellen
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biological Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Xu B, Pei J, Feng L, Zhang XD. Graphene and graphene-related materials as brain electrodes. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9485-9496. [PMID: 34797365 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01795k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural electrodes are used for acquiring neuron signals in brain-machine interfaces, and they are crucial for next-generation neuron engineering and related medical applications. Thus, developing flexible, stable and high-resolution neural electrodes will play an important role in stimulation, acquisition, recording and analysis of signals. Compared with traditional metallic electrodes, electrodes based on graphene and other two-dimensional materials have attracted wide attention in electrophysiological recording and stimulation due to their excellent physical properties such as unique flexibility, low resistance, and high optical transparency. In this review, we have reviewed the recent progress of electrodes based on graphene, graphene/polymer compounds and graphene-related materials for neuron signal recording, stimulation, and related optical signal coupling technology, which provides an outlook on the role of electrodes in the nanotechnology-neuron interface as well as medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jiahui Pei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Liefeng Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Garg R, Roman DS, Wang Y, Cohen-Karni D, Cohen-Karni T. Graphene nanostructures for input-output bioelectronics. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:041304. [PMID: 35005709 PMCID: PMC8717360 DOI: 10.1063/5.0073870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the electrophysiology of electrically active cells and tissues has enabled a deeper understanding of healthy and diseased tissue states. This has primarily been achieved via input/output (I/O) bioelectronics that interface engineered materials with biological entities. Stable long-term application of conventional I/O bioelectronics advances as materials and processing techniques develop. Recent advancements have facilitated the development of graphene-based I/O bioelectronics with a wide variety of functional characteristics. Engineering the structural, physical, and chemical properties of graphene nanostructures and integration with modern microelectronics have enabled breakthrough high-density electrophysiological investigations. Here, we review recent advancements in 2D and 3D graphene-based I/O bioelectronics and highlight electrophysiological studies facilitated by these emerging platforms. Challenges and present potential breakthroughs that can be addressed via graphene bioelectronics are discussed. We emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach across materials science, micro-fabrication, and bioengineering to develop the next generation of I/O bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Garg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Daniel San Roman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Yingqiao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Devora Cohen-Karni
- Preclinical education biochemistry, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, Greensburg, Pennsylvania 15601, USA
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37
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Driscoll N, Dong R, Vitale F. Emerging approaches for sensing and modulating neural activity enabled by nanocarbons and carbides. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 72:76-85. [PMID: 34735988 PMCID: PMC8671243 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Devices that can record or modulate neural activity are essential tools in clinical diagnostics and monitoring, basic research, and consumer electronics. Realizing stable functional interfaces between manmade electronics and biological tissues is a longstanding challenge that requires device and material innovations to meet stringent safety and longevity requirements and to improve functionality. Compared to conventional materials, nanocarbons and carbides offer a number of specific advantages for neuroelectronics that can enable advances in functionality and performance. Here, we review the latest emerging trends in neuroelectronic interfaces based on nanocarbons and carbides, with a specific emphasis on technologies developed for use in vivo. We highlight specific applications where the ability to tune fundamental material properties at the nanoscale enables interfaces that can safely and precisely interact with neural circuits at unprecedented spatial and temporal scales, ranging from single synapses to the whole human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette Driscoll
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Royce Dong
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States.
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38
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Cho Y, Park S, Lee J, Yu KJ. Emerging Materials and Technologies with Applications in Flexible Neural Implants: A Comprehensive Review of Current Issues with Neural Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005786. [PMID: 34050691 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neuroscience is an essential field of investigation that reveals the identity of human beings, with a comprehensive understanding of advanced mental activities, through the study of neurobiological structures and functions. Fully understanding the neurotransmission system that allows for connectivity among neuronal circuits has paved the way for the development of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and depression. The field of flexible implants has attracted increasing interest mainly to overcome the mechanical mismatch between rigid electrode materials and soft neural tissues, enabling precise measurements of neural signals from conformal contact. Here, the current issues of flexible neural implants (chronic device failure, non-bioresorbable electronics, low-density electrode arrays, among others are summarized) by presenting material candidates and designs to address each challenge. Furthermore, the latest investigations associated with the aforementioned issues are also introduced, including suggestions for ideal neural implants. In terms of the future direction of these advances, designing flexible devices would provide new opportunities for the study of brain-machine interfaces or brain-computer interfaces as part of locomotion through brain signals, and for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younguk Cho
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sanghoon Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Juyoung Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ki Jun Yu
- School of Electrical Engineering, YU-KIST Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
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Kim J, Lee Y, Kang M, Hu L, Zhao S, Ahn JH. 2D Materials for Skin-Mountable Electronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005858. [PMID: 33998064 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin-mountable devices that can directly measure various biosignals and external stimuli and communicate the information to the users have been actively studied owing to increasing demand for wearable electronics and newer healthcare systems. Research on skin-mountable devices is mainly focused on those materials and mechanical design aspects that satisfy the device fabrication requirements on unusual substrates like skin and also for achieving good sensing capabilities and stable device operation in high-strain conditions. 2D materials that are atomically thin and possess unique electrical and optical properties offer several important features that can address the challenging needs in wearable, skin-mountable electronic devices. Herein, recent research progress on skin-mountable devices based on 2D materials that exhibit a variety of device functions including information input and output and in vitro and in vivo healthcare and diagnosis is reviewed. The challenges, potential solutions, and perspectives on trends for future work are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jejung Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minpyo Kang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Luhing Hu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Songfang Zhao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, China
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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40
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Wei W, Wang X. Graphene-Based Electrode Materials for Neural Activity Detection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6170. [PMID: 34683762 PMCID: PMC8539724 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The neural electrode technique is a powerful tool for monitoring and regulating neural activity, which has a wide range of applications in basic neuroscience and the treatment of neurological diseases. Constructing a high-performance electrode-nerve interface is required for the long-term stable detection of neural signals by electrodes. However, conventional neural electrodes are mainly fabricated from rigid materials that do not match the mechanical properties of soft neural tissues, thus limiting the high-quality recording of neuroelectric signals. Meanwhile, graphene-based nanomaterials can form stable electrode-nerve interfaces due to their high conductivity, excellent flexibility, and biocompatibility. In this literature review, we describe various graphene-based electrodes and their potential application in neural activity detection. We also discuss the biological safety of graphene neural electrodes, related challenges, and their prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Wei
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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41
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Schweigmann M, Caudal LC, Stopper G, Scheller A, Koch KP, Kirchhoff F. Versatile Surface Electrodes for Combined Electrophysiology and Two-Photon Imaging of the Mouse Central Nervous System. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:720675. [PMID: 34447299 PMCID: PMC8383317 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.720675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding and modulating CNS function in physiological as well as pathophysiological contexts remains a significant ambition in research and clinical applications. The investigation of the multifaceted CNS cell types including their interactions and contributions to neural function requires a combination of the state-of-the-art in vivo electrophysiology and imaging techniques. We developed a novel type of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) surface micro-electrode manufactured in three customized designs with up to 16 channels for recording and stimulation of brain activity. All designs include spare central spaces for simultaneous 2P-imaging. Nanoporous platinum-plated contact sites ensure a low impedance and high current transfer. The epidural implantation of the LCP micro-electrodes could be combined with standard cranial window surgery. The epidurally positioned electrodes did not only display long-term biocompatibility, but we also observed an additional stabilization of the underlying CNS tissue. We demonstrate the electrode’s versatility in combination with in vivo 2P-imaging by monitoring anesthesia-awake cycles of transgenic mice with GCaMP3 expression in neurons or astrocytes. Cortical stimulation and simultaneous 2P Ca2+ imaging in neurons or astrocytes highlighted the astrocytes’ integrative character in neuronal activity processing. Furthermore, we confirmed that spontaneous astroglial Ca2+ signals are dampened under anesthesia, while evoked signals in neurons and astrocytes showed stronger dependency on stimulation intensity rather than on various levels of anesthesia. Finally, we show that the electrodes provide recordings of the electrocorticogram (ECoG) with a high signal-to noise ratio and spatial signal differences which help to decipher brain activity states during experimental procedures. Summarizing, the novel LCP surface micro-electrode is a versatile, convenient, and reliable tool to investigate brain function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schweigmann
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Trier University of Applied Sciences, Trier, Germany
| | - Laura C Caudal
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Gebhard Stopper
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anja Scheller
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Klaus P Koch
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Trier University of Applied Sciences, Trier, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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42
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Cui Y, Zhang F, Chen G, Yao L, Zhang N, Liu Z, Li Q, Zhang F, Cui Z, Zhang K, Li P, Cheng Y, Zhang S, Chen X. A Stretchable and Transparent Electrode Based on PEGylated Silk Fibroin for In Vivo Dual-Modal Neural-Vascular Activity Probing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100221. [PMID: 34278616 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transparent electrodes that form seamless contact and enable optical interrogation at the electrode-brain interface are potentially of high significance for neuroscience studies. Silk hydrogels can offer an ideal platform for transparent neural interfaces owing to their superior biocompatibility. However, conventional silk hydrogels are too weak and have difficulties integrating with highly conductive and stretchable electronics. Here, a transparent and stretchable hydrogel electrode based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and PEGylated silk protein is reported. PEGylated silk protein with poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) improves the Young's modulus to 1.51-10.73 MPa and the stretchability to ≈400% from conventional silk hydrogels (<10 kPa). The PEGylated silk also helps form a robust interface with PEDOT:PSS thin film, making the hydrogel electrode synergistically incorporate superior stretchability (≈260%), stable electrical performance (≈4 months), and a low sheet resistance (≈160 ± 56 Ω sq-1 ). Finally, the electrode facilitates efficient electrical recording, and stimulation with unobstructed optical interrogation and rat-brain imaging are demonstrated. The highly transparent and stretchable hydrogel electrode offers a practical tool for neuroscience and paves the way for a harmonized tissue-electrode interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Cui
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Geng Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 58 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qingsong Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Feilong Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zequn Cui
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Keqin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing, Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, 377 Linquan Street, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shaomin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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43
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Zhang L, Sun H, Zhao J, Lee J, Ee Low L, Gong L, Chen Y, Wang N, Zhu C, Lin P, Liang Z, Wei M, Ling D, Li F. Dynamic nanoassemblies for imaging and therapy of neurological disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113832. [PMID: 34146626 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed an increased incidence of neurological disorders (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemic stroke, and epilepsy, which significantly lower patients' life quality and increase the economic and social burden. Recently, nanomedicines composed of imaging and/or therapeutic agents have been explored to diagnose and/or treat NDs due to their enhanced bioavailability, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and targeting capacity. Intriguingly, dynamic nanoassemblies self-assembled from functional nanoparticles to simultaneously interfere with multiple pathogenic substances and pathological changes, have been regarded as one of the foremost candidates to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy of NDs. To help readers better understand this emerging field, in this review, the pathogenic mechanism of different types of NDs is briefly introduced, then the functional nanoparticles used as building blocks in the construction of dynamic nanoassemblies for NDs theranostics are summarized. Furthermore, dynamic nanoassemblies that can actively cross the BBB to target brain lesions, sensitively and efficiently diagnose or treat NDs, and effectively promote neuroregeneration are highlighted. Finally, we conclude with our perspectives on the future development in this field.
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44
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Stretchable and Transparent Metal Nanowire Microelectrodes for Simultaneous Electrophysiology and Optogenetics Applications. PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics8060220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently developed optically transparent microelectrode technology provides a promising approach for simultaneous high-resolution electrical and optical biointerfacing with tissues in vivo and in vitro. A critically unmet need is designing high-performance stretchable platforms for conformal biointerfacing with mechanically active organs. Here, we report silver nanowire (Ag NW) stretchable transparent microelectrodes and interconnects that exhibit excellent electrical and electrochemical performance, high optical transparency, superior mechanical robustness and durability by a simple selective-patterning process. The fabrication method allows the direct integration of Ag NW networks on elastomeric substrates. The resulting Ag NW interface exhibits a low sheet resistance (Rsh) of 1.52–4.35 Ω sq−1, an advantageous normalized electrochemical impedance of 3.78–6.04 Ω cm2, a high optical transparency of 61.3–80.5% at 550 nm and a stretchability of 40%. The microelectrode arrays (MEAs) fabricated with this approach exhibit uniform electrochemical performance across all channels. Studies on mice demonstrate that both pristine and stretched Ag NW microelectrodes can achieve high-fidelity electrophysiological monitoring of cardiac activity with/without co-localized optogenetic pacing. Together, these results pave the way for developing stretchable and transparent metal nanowire networks for high-resolution opto-electric biointerfacing with mechanically active organs, such as the heart.
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45
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Mohamed O, Al-Othman A, Al-Nashash H, Tawalbeh M, Almomani F, Rezakazemi M. Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanomaterial for implantable highly flexible composite bioelectrode for biosensing applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:129680. [PMID: 33486350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implantable and stretchable electrodes have managed to progress the medical field from a medical diagnosis aspect to a patient treatment level. They offer the ability to detect biosignals and conduct electrical current to tissues that aid in muscle stimulation and axon regeneration. Current conventional electrodes are fabricated from stiff and very expensive, precious metals such as platinum. In this work, novel, low cost, and highly flexible electrode materials were fabricated based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) supported by a silicone polymer matrix. The electrode materials were characterized by their electrochemical, mechanical, and surface properties. The electrodes possessed high flexibility with Young's modulus of 235 kPa, revealing highly stretchable characteristics. The impedance at 1 kHz was around 114.6 kΩ, and the charge capacity was 1.23 mC/cm2. The fabricated electrodes appeared to have a smooth surface, as seen in the scanning electron microscope micrographs, compared with electrodes in the literature. Long-time stability tests revealed an overall decrease in impedance and an increase in the charge capacity up to 475% of the initial value within three weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering MSBME, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hasan Al-Nashash
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
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46
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Yang W, Gong Y, Yao CY, Shrestha M, Jia Y, Qiu Z, Fan QH, Weber A, Li W. A fully transparent, flexible PEDOT:PSS-ITO-Ag-ITO based microelectrode array for ECoG recording. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1096-1108. [PMID: 33522526 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Integrative neural interfaces combining neurophysiology and optogenetics with neural imaging provide numerous opportunities for neuroscientists to study the structure and function of neural circuits in the brain. Such a comprehensive interface demands miniature electrode arrays with high transparency, mechanical flexibility, electrical conductivity, and biocompatibility. Conventional transparent microelectrodes made of a single material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), ultrathin metals, graphene and poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), hardly possess the desired combination of those properties. Herein, ultra-flexible, highly conductive and fully transparent microscale electrocorticogram (μECoG) electrode arrays made of a PEDOT:PSS-ITO-Ag-ITO assembly are constructed on thin parylene C films. The PEDOT:PSS-ITO-Ag-ITO assembly achieves a maximum ∼14% enhancement in light transmission over a broad spectrum (350-650 nm), a significant reduction in electrochemical impedance by 91.25%, and an increase in charge storage capacitance by 1229.78 μC cm-2. Peeling, bending, and Young's modulus tests verify the enhanced mechanical flexibility and robustness of the multilayer assembly. The μECoG electrodes enable electrical recordings with high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) (∼35-36 dB) under different color photostimulations, suggesting that the electrodes are resilient to photon-induced artifacts. In vivo animal experiments confirm that our array can successfully record light-evoked ECoG oscillations from the primary visual cortex (V1) of an anesthetized rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Yang
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, 775 Woodlot Dr, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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47
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Nguyen D, Valet M, Dégardin J, Boucherit L, Illa X, de la Cruz J, Del Corro E, Bousquet J, Garrido JA, Hébert C, Picaud S. Novel Graphene Electrode for Retinal Implants: An in vivo Biocompatibility Study. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:615256. [PMID: 33746697 PMCID: PMC7969870 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.615256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluating biocompatibility is a core essential step to introducing a new material as a candidate for brain-machine interfaces. Foreign body reactions often result in glial scars that can impede the performance of the interface. Having a high conductivity and large electrochemical window, graphene is a candidate material for electrical stimulation with retinal prosthesis. In this study, non-functional devices consisting of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene embedded onto polyimide/SU-8 substrates were fabricated for a biocompatibility study. The devices were implanted beneath the retina of blind P23H rats. Implants were monitored by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and eye fundus which indicated a high stability in vivo up to 3 months before histology studies were done. Microglial reconstruction through confocal imaging illustrates that the presence of graphene on polyimide reduced the number of microglial cells in the retina compared to polyimide alone, thereby indicating a high biocompatibility. This study highlights an interesting approach to assess material biocompatibility in a tissue model of central nervous system, the retina, which is easily accessed optically and surgically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diep Nguyen
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Manon Valet
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Julie Dégardin
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Leyna Boucherit
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Xavi Illa
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose de la Cruz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Del Corro
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica Bousquet
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose A Garrido
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clément Hébert
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serge Picaud
- INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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48
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Park Y, Franz CK, Ryu H, Luan H, Cotton KY, Kim JU, Chung TS, Zhao S, Vazquez-Guardado A, Yang DS, Li K, Avila R, Phillips JK, Quezada MJ, Jang H, Kwak SS, Won SM, Kwon K, Jeong H, Bandodkar AJ, Han M, Zhao H, Osher GR, Wang H, Lee K, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Finan JD, Rogers JA. Three-dimensional, multifunctional neural interfaces for cortical spheroids and engineered assembloids. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/12/eabf9153. [PMID: 33731359 PMCID: PMC7968849 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf9153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D), submillimeter-scale constructs of neural cells, known as cortical spheroids, are of rapidly growing importance in biological research because these systems reproduce complex features of the brain in vitro. Despite their great potential for studies of neurodevelopment and neurological disease modeling, 3D living objects cannot be studied easily using conventional approaches to neuromodulation, sensing, and manipulation. Here, we introduce classes of microfabricated 3D frameworks as compliant, multifunctional neural interfaces to spheroids and to assembloids. Electrical, optical, chemical, and thermal interfaces to cortical spheroids demonstrate some of the capabilities. Complex architectures and high-resolution features highlight the design versatility. Detailed studies of the spreading of coordinated bursting events across the surface of an isolated cortical spheroid and of the cascade of processes associated with formation and regrowth of bridging tissues across a pair of such spheroids represent two of the many opportunities in basic neuroscience research enabled by these platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonseok Park
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Colin K Franz
- Regenerative Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- The Ken&Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hanjun Ryu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiwen Luan
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Kristen Y Cotton
- Regenerative Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jong Uk Kim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ted S Chung
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Shiwei Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Abraham Vazquez-Guardado
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Da Som Yang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Kan Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jack K Phillips
- Department of Neurosurgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Maria J Quezada
- Regenerative Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Hokyung Jang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sung Soo Kwak
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Won
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongha Kwon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoyoung Jeong
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Amay J Bandodkar
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mengdi Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hangbo Zhao
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Gabrielle R Osher
- Department of Neurosurgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Heling Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - KunHyuck Lee
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics; Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - John D Finan
- Department of Neurosurgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - John A Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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49
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Tapeinos C. Graphene‐Based Nanotechnology in Neurodegenerative Disorders. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tapeinos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI-00014 Finland
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50
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Fabbri R, Saracino E, Treossi E, Zamboni R, Palermo V, Benfenati V. Graphene glial-interfaces: challenges and perspectives. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4390-4407. [PMID: 33599662 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07824g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanosheets are mechanically strong but flexible, electrically conductive and bio-compatible. Thus, due to these unique properties, they are being intensively studied as materials for the next generation of neural interfaces. Most of the literature focused on optimizing the interface between these materials and neurons. However, one of the most common causes of implant failure is the adverse inflammatory reaction of glial cells. These cells are not, as previously considered, just passive and supportive cells, but play a crucial role in the physiology and pathology of the nervous system, and in the interaction with implanted electrodes. Besides providing structural support to neurons, glia are responsible for the modulation of synaptic transmission and control of central and peripheral homeostasis. Accordingly, knowledge on the interaction between glia and biomaterials is essential to develop new implant-based therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, brain tumours, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. This work provides an overview of the emerging literature on the interaction of graphene-based materials with glial cells, together with a complete description of the different types of glial cells and problems associated with them. We believe that this description will be important for researchers working in materials science and nanotechnology to develop new active materials to interface, measure and stimulate these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fabbri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (CNR-ISOF), via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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