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Niu Y, Wei H, Zhang Y, Su J. Transcriptome response of a marine copepod in response to environmentally-relevant concentrations of saxitoxin. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116546. [PMID: 38870575 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) can pose a serious threat to human health. Among them, saxitoxin (STX) is one of the most potent natural neurotoxins. Here, the copepod Tigriopus japonicus, was exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (2.5 and 25 μg/L) STX for 48 h. Although no lethal effects were observed at both concentrations, the transcriptome was significantly altered, and displayed a concentration-dependent response. STX exposure decreased the copepod's metabolism and compromised immune defense and detoxification. Additionally, STX disturbed signal transduction, which might affect other cellular processes. STX exposure could inhibit the copepod's chitin metabolism, disrupting its molting process. Also, the processes related to damage repair and protection were up-regulated to fight against high concentration exposure. Collectively, this study has provided an early warning of PSTs for coastal ecosystem not only because of their potent toxicity effect but also their bioaccumulation that can transfer up the food chain after ingestion by copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolu Niu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yunlei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jie Su
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, National Research and Development Center for Marine Fish Processing, Xiamen 361013, China.
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2
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Lydy VR, Regn OZ, Bouldin JL. Toxicant Responses and Culturing Characteristics of Long-Term Laboratory-Reared and Field Populations of Ceriodaphnia dubia. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:159-169. [PMID: 37861383 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Ceriodaphnia dubia is a standardized test organism for regulatory toxicity testing of surface waters and commercial chemicals because of its simplicity to culture and responsiveness to toxicants. For testing convenience, C. dubia is often cultured for extended periods in the laboratory with little knowledge of the impact on subsequent generations. Extended laboratory rearing could impact how they respond to stressors and decrease the accuracy of test results. The present study investigated if C. dubia cultured for an extended period were representative of three recently collected field populations by comparing their culturing characteristics and sensitivities to toxicants. For culturing characteristics, the field cultures were more challenging because they had shorter body lengths, fewer neonates, and higher mortality rates than the laboratory culture. Comparative chronic toxicity tests with sodium chloride and the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam indicated that the laboratory and field organisms did not differ much in their toxicological responses but did differ in the variability of responses (percentage of coefficient of variation). The differences between the laboratory and field cultures found in the present study highlight the challenges of addressing discrepancies between laboratory and field applications in existing standardized methodologies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:159-169. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Lydy
- Ecotoxicology Research Facility, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
| | - Orithea Z Regn
- Ecotoxicology Research Facility, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
| | - Jennifer L Bouldin
- Ecotoxicology Research Facility, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
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3
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Hechler RM, Yates MC, Chain FJJ, Cristescu ME. Environmental transcriptomics under heat stress: Can environmental RNA reveal changes in gene expression of aquatic organisms? Mol Ecol 2023. [PMID: 37792902 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
To safeguard biodiversity in a changing climate, taxonomic information about species turnover and insights into the health of organisms are required. Environmental DNA approaches are increasingly used for species identification, but cannot provide functional insights. Transcriptomic methods reveal the physiological states of macroorganisms, but are currently species-specific and require tissue sampling or animal sacrifice, making community-wide assessments challenging. Here, we test whether broad functional information (expression level of the transcribed genes) can be harnessed from environmental RNA (eRNA), which includes extra-organismal RNA from macroorganisms along with whole microorganisms. We exposed Daphnia pulex as well as phytoplankton prey and microorganism colonizers to control (20°C) and heat stress (28°C) conditions for 7 days. We sequenced eRNA from tank water (after complete removal of Daphnia) as well as RNA from Daphnia tissue, enabling comparisons of extra-organismal and organismal RNA-based gene expression profiles. Both RNA types detected similar heat stress responses of Daphnia. Using eRNA, we identified 32 Daphnia genes to be differentially expressed following heat stress. Of these, 17 were also differentially expressed and exhibited similar levels of relative expression in organismal RNA. In addition to the extra-organismal Daphnia response, eRNA detected community-wide heat stress responses consisting of distinct functional profiles and 121 differentially expressed genes across eight taxa. Our study demonstrates that environmental transcriptomics based on extra-organismal eRNA can noninvasively reveal gene expression responses of macroorganisms following environmental changes, with broad potential implications for the biomonitoring of health across the trophic chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Hechler
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Matthew C Yates
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric J J Chain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
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4
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Wang R, Zhu Z, Cheng W, Chang C, Song X, Huang F. Cadmium accumulation and isotope fractionation in typical protozoa Tetrahymena: A new perspective on remediation of Cd pollution in wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131517. [PMID: 37146330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution threatens water safety and human health, which has raised serious public concern. Tetrahymena is a model protozoan, possessing the potential to remediate Cd contaminated water given the rapid expression of thiols. However, the mechanism of Cd accumulation in Tetrahymena has not been well understood, which hinders its application in environmental remediation. This study elucidated the pathway of Cd accumulation in Tetrahymena using Cd isotope fractionation. Our results showed that Tetrahymena preferentially absorb light Cd isotopes, with Δ114/110CdTetrahymena-solution = -0.20 ± 0.02‰ ∼ - 0.29 ± 0.02‰, which implies that the intracellular Cd is probably in the form of Cd-S. The fractionation generated by Cd complexation with thiols is constant (Δ114/110CdTetrahymena-remaining solution ∼ -0.28 ± 0.02‰), which is not affected by the concentrations of Cd in intracellular and culture medium, nor by the physiological changes in cells. Furthermore, the detoxification process of Tetrahymena results in an increase in cellular Cd accumulation from 11.7% to 23.3% with the elevated Cd concentrations in batch Cd stress culture experiments. This study highlights the promising application of Cd isotope fractionation in Tetrahymena for the remediation of heavy metal pollution in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Wenhan Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Chuanyu Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Song
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, MOE Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Fang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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5
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Salesa B, Torres-Gavilá J, Ferrando-Rodrigo MD, Sancho E. Gene expression study alerted to possible impairment in Daphnia magna individuals as a consequence of exposure to sublethal concentrations of prochloraz. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136040. [PMID: 36007747 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, Daphnia magna individuals were exposed for 21 days to 87, 130, 170, 230 and 380 μg/L of prochloraz. The expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (fabd), oxidative stress (cat and gst), heat shock proteins synthesis (hsp70 and hsp90), haemoglobin synthesis (hgb1 and hgb2), metallothioneins synthesis (mt-a, mt-b and mt-c), and vitellogenin synthesis (vgt1 y vgt2) were analyzed. Results showed that some gene expression in D. magna was altered as a consequence of the individual exposure to the fungicide. The genes fabd, vtg1 and vtg2, cat and gst resulted unaltered by the exposure of the daphnids to different fungicide concentrations. However, daphnid exposure to 380 μg/L of prochloraz resulted in an overexpression (p < 0.05) of hsp70 gene which indicated an alteration of the normal protein synthesis and its integrity maintenance. On the other hand, mt-b gene resulted significantly underexpressed (p < 0.05) in daphnids exposed to the lowest fungicide concentrations (87, 130 and 170 μg/L, respectively). In addition, hgb1 and hgb2 genes which are related with the haemoglobin synthesis weresignificantly overexpressed (p < 0.05). Results showed that hgb1 gene was overexpressed almost 100 times more in daphnids exposed for 21 days to 170, 230 and 380 μg/L than control values. However, many authors advocate for an association of these gene expression changes with the presence of contaminants in the medium, in fact they could be used as a good indicator of early contamination at low concentrations of toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Salesa
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier Torres-Gavilá
- Instituto de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Ciencia Marina (IMEDMAR-UCV), c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Ferrando-Rodrigo
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Dept. Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology. Faculty of Biology. University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Encarnación Sancho
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Dept. Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology. Faculty of Biology. University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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6
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Wei X, Li X, Liu H, Lei H, Sun W, Li D, Dong W, Chen H, Xie L. Altered life history traits and transcripts of molting- and reproduction-related genes by cadmium in Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:735-745. [PMID: 35359216 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential element and can be toxic to aquatic organisms at low concentrations. Despite its well-known toxicity to Daphnia magna, the effects of Cd on physiological parameters (heart rate and thoracic limb activity) and molting- and reproduction-related genes are relatively understudied. In this study, D. magna were exposed to 0 (control), 25, 50 and 75 μg L-1 of Cd for 7 d and 21 d to determine the toxicity of Cd. The results showed that the Cd body burden in D. magna was significantly increased with elevated Cd concentrations, up to 13.4 μg Cd/g dry weight (dw) after exposure to 75 μg L-1 for 21 d. After 21 d of exposure, the body length and body weight of D. magna were significantly decreased in all Cd treatments compared to the control. The heart rate and thoracic limb activity were reduced by 4.3-11.7 and 5.0-10.3%, respectively. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased by ~24-37% and the activity of catalase (CAT) was inhibited by ~50% compared to the control. The reproductive parameters (i.e., size of the first brood, the total number of offspring per female and the number of offspring per brood) were remarkably reduced, causing adverse effects on the population dynamics. In addition, the transcripts of genes (cyp314, cyp18a1, ecra, usp, hr3, cut, cht and cht3) related to the molting of D. magna were altered, whereas the transcripts of genes (vtg1, vtg2 and vmo1) related to reproduction were down-regulated. This study helps better understand the effects of Cd at different biological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Wei
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongsong Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haojun Lei
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weijun Sun
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wu Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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7
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Shen Q, Zhan Y, Jia X, Li B, Zhu X, Gao T. Combined effects of the pesticide spinetoram and the cyanobacterium Microcystis on the water flea Daphnia pulex. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47148-47158. [PMID: 35175534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spinetoram is one of the most worldwidely used pesticides for its high insecticidal efficacy and low human toxicity. Following the large usage of spinetoram, the ecotoxicity and environmental risks to aquatic ecosystems have call for urgent study. In the present study, we investigated the combined effects of spinetoram and the harmful alga Microcystis aeruginosa in freshwater, on survival and reproduction of Daphnia pulex. Acute toxicity test of spinetoram resulted in negative effects on survival, with a 48-h LC50 value of 37.71 μg L-1. Under the long-time exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.18 and 0.35 μg L-1) of spinetoram and a low composition of Microcystis (30%) in the diet, D. pulex showed both shorter longevity and lower fecundity; the time to first brood also increased. At population level, carrying capacity was highly decreased by spinetoram and Microcystis, whereas a significant decrease of intrinsic growth rate was observed at 0.35 μg L-1 spinetoram with 30% Microcystis as food. The present study highlighted that pesticide spinetoram had highly toxic effects on D. pulex and could reduce the tolerance of D. pulex to M. aeruginosa, causing great effects on D. pulex population in natural waterbodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiutong Shen
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yihe Zhan
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xuanhe Jia
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Bangping Li
- Shanghai Cremo Laboratory Co, 688 Qiushi Road, Shanghai, 201512, China
| | - Xuexia Zhu
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Tianheng Gao
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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8
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Fernández M. Rapid communication: effects of cadmium exposure on the growth-related genes of Daphnia magna. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:457-460. [PMID: 35114905 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2034688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Few data are available regarding the effects of gene expression on growth in Daphnia magna. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of cadmium (Cd) exposure on global gene transcription and growth-related genes in D. magna using RNASeq generated data. Our results demonstrated that Cd exposure decreased gene expression, but did not adversely affect the expression of growth-related genes, suggesting differential allocation of resources to growth avoids the deleterious effect of the toxicant on this trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Fernández
- Programa de Doctorado en Genómica Integrativa, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Genómica Ecología y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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9
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Ye X, Zheng X, Zhang D, Niu X, Fan Y, Deng W, Lin Z, Hu H, Zhou S. The efficient biomineralization and adsorption of cadmium (Cd 2+) using secretory organo-biominerals (SOBs) produced by screened Alcaligenes faecalis K2. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 199:111330. [PMID: 34010625 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium-contaminated wastewater has attracted increasing concerns due to its non-biodegradable properties and high toxicity. To explore eco-friendly and economically feasible strategies, the screened Alcaligenes faecalis K2 were employed for the biomineralization and recovery of Cd2+ from wastewater while producing considerable secretory organo-biominerals (SOBs) as bioadsorbents. At 75 mg/L Cd2+ exposure, 85.5% of Cd2+ was removed by K2, 43.0% of which was fixed in the granular SOBs. SOBs were convenient for separating from the solution. The adsorption capacity of granular sorbent made from SOBs was verified to be greater than 77.1 mg/g. Practically, 89.5% of 75 mg/L of Cd2+ could be stably removed while ereK2 continuously generated SOBs in a moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). To sum up, the production of bioadsorbents can be achieved by K2, while removing Cd with live microorganisms, which was conducive to making full use of materials and improving Cd removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Ye
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoxian Zheng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Niu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yiming Fan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wangde Deng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Huijian Hu
- Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Shaoqi Zhou
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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10
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Gong Y, Zhang K, Geng N, Wu M, Yi X, Liu R, Challis JK, Codling G, Xu EG, Giesy JP. Molecular mechanisms of zooplanktonic toxicity in the okadaic acid-producing dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 279:116942. [PMID: 33765503 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prorocentrum lima is a dinoflagellate that forms hazardous blooms and produces okadaic acid (OA), leading to adverse environmental consequences associated with the declines of zooplankton populations. However, little is known about the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of P. lima or OA on zooplankton. Here, their toxic effects were investigated using the brine shrimp Artemia salina. Acute exposure of A. salina to P. lima resulted in lethality at concentrations 100-fold lower than densities observed during blooms. The first comprehensive results from global transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses in A. salina showed up-regulated mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and reduced non-enzyme antioxidants, indicating general detoxification responses to oxidative stress after exposure to P. lima. The significantly up-regulated mRNA expression of proteasome, spliceosome, and ribosome, as well as the increased fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation suggested the proteolysis of damaged proteins and induction of energy expenditure. Exposure to OA increased catabolism of chitin, which may further disrupt the molting and reproduction activities of A. salina. Our data shed new insights on the molecular responses and toxicity mechanisms of A. salina to P. lima or OA. The simple zooplankton model integrated with omic methods provides a sensitive assessment approach for studying hazardous algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Gong
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Keke Zhang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China
| | - Ningbo Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Minghuo Wu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China
| | - Xianliang Yi
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China.
| | - Renyan Liu
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Garry Codling
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Kamenice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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11
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Mangal V, Nguyen TQ, Fiering Q, Guéguen C. An untargeted metabolomic approach for the putative characterization of metabolites from Scenedesmus obliquus in response to cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115123. [PMID: 32688078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread contaminant in aquatic systems and has a variety of toxicological implications on freshwater microorganisms. In this study, the green algae Scenedesmus obliquus was exposed to increasing Cd concentrations that inhibited growth by 20% (12.6 μmol L-1), 30% (39.8 μmol L-1) and 40% (83.2 μmol L-1) and the metabolite profiles of released and cellular biomolecules were explored using an untargeted direct infusion high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry approach. In Cd untreated cultures, intrinsic differences in composition existed between released biomolecules and freeze-dried cells. Based on putatively characterized compound groups, a greater proportion of Cys-GSH isomers and carboxyamides were present in exudates whereas sugar isomers and phosphonic acids comprised most cellular metabolites. In cultures exposed to 83.2 μmol L-1 Cd, an overall shift in metabolomic response across both released biomolecules and cellular components resulted in an increase of lipid-based esters, and Cys-GSH isomers. These two important metabolites are used in antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxygen species prevention during cellular stress. The diversity of metabolites also decreased as Cd concentrations increased when compared to untreated cultures, suggesting that overall metabolites specialize upon metal stress. We show systemic shifts from sugar and carboxylic isomers to specialized proteins and lipid isomers to help S. obliquus cope with stress. These findings highlight the potential use of this green algae as a potential biosorbent and sheds light into the metabolomics of Cd toxicology and insights into microbial metal adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mangal
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Blvd de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - T Q Nguyen
- Chemistry Department, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Q Fiering
- Chemistry Department, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - C Guéguen
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Blvd de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
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12
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Bao S, Pan B, Wang L, Cheng Z, Liu X, Zhou Z, Nie X. Adverse effects in Daphnia magna exposed to e-waste leachate: Assessment based on life trait changes and responses of detoxification-related genes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109821. [PMID: 32798945 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sharp increase in e-waste derived from great consumption of electronic products has become a potential global environmental challenge. Limited information is available about the potential detrimental impact of e-waste on aquatic organisms. The present study investigated the expression of detoxification-related genes and life-history parameter changes in Daphnia magna exposed to e-waste leachate, simultaneously integrating with the chemical analysis of typical pollutants from e-waste leachate. The study aims at assessing impacts of e-waste to aquatic invertebrates and providing insights into its toxic mechanisms. The results showed high concentration of heavy metals like Cu (1657.14 ± 259.3 μg g-1, DW) and persistent organic compounds like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (7831.32 ± 1273.86 ng g-1, DW) in stream sediments near e-waste dismantling areas. Chronic exposure to these pollutants can affect the growth and reproduction of D. magna, resulting in significant development retardation, decreased total egg production per female, and even smaller body size. Expression of some detoxification and reproduction-related genes including DappuHR96, CYP360a, P-gp, EcR, CYP314 and Vtg exhibited different response patterns depending on the e-waste leachate concentration. E-waste leachate may affect the expression of detoxification-related and growth and reproduction-related genes and disrupt the growth and reproduction processes of D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Bao
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Benen Pan
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Agricultural University of Sichuan, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Soil and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zesong Zhou
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiangping Nie
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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13
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Shotgun proteomics analysis reveals sub-lethal effects in Daphnia magna exposed to cell-bound microcystins produced by Microcystis aeruginosa. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 33:100656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Dionísio R, Daniel D, Alkimin GDD, Nunes B. Multi-parametric analysis of ciprofloxacin toxicity at ecologically relevant levels: Short- and long-term effects on Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 74:103295. [PMID: 31786495 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increased presence of emergent compounds, such as pharmaceuticals drugs, in the aquatic compartment has been acknowledged as an evolving environmental issue whose consequences are not yet fully characterized. Specific classes of pharmaceutical drugs, such as fluoroquinolone antibiotics, can exert toxic effects to non-target species with ecological significance, since these compounds are environmentally stable and persistent, and may interact with some of the key physiologic processes of organisms. Despite such characteristics, knowledge about the effects of these drugs is still scarce, especially to non-target organisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic and acute exposures of the cladoceran Daphnia magna to the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Putative toxic effects were assessed, following acute and chronic exposures to ecologically relevant concentrations of ciprofloxacin, through enzymatic (cholinesterase - ChEs, catalase - CAT, glutathione S-transferases - GSTs) and non-enzymatic (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS, glycogen - Gly) biomarkers. In addition, we also determined behavioural (swimming distance - SD) and morphological (body length of the first brood - BL1B) endpoints in animals exposed to this drug. Ciprofloxacin acute exposure resulted in increased CAT and ChEs activities, and inhibited GSTs activity. After chronic exposure, ChEs activity was significantly inhibited, while GSTs activity was significantly enhanced. TBARS levels were only increased at higher concentrations of ciprofloxacin. CAT activity and Gly content did not evidence a clear and significant pattern of variation. SD was slightly inhibited during dark cycles. BL1B presented a significant decrease for animals subjected to an intermediate concentration. Results showed that even ecologically relevant concentrations of ciprofloxacin may cause oxidative stress in individuals of D. magna. The present study showed important data that corroborate the occurrence of significant biochemical alterations in key features of an aquatic organism when exposed to relevant levels of a widely used antibiotic, establishing essential links between environmental exposure to this specific drug and putative toxic challenges that may result in irreversible changes and damages, especially at the individual level. However, changes in the size of neonates suggest that population alterations are likely to occur under real scenarios of chronic contamination by this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Dionísio
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - David Daniel
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Dias de Alkimin
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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15
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Yi X, Zhang K, Liu R, Giesy JP, Li Z, Li W, Zhan J, Liu L, Gong Y. Transcriptomic responses of Artemia salina exposed to an environmentally relevant dose of Alexandrium minutum cells or Gonyautoxin2/3. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124661. [PMID: 31472350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Toxicities of the marine algae Alexandrium minutum and its excreted gonyautoxins (GTXs) to the marine crustacean Artemia salina were investigated. Mortality was observed for neither larvae nor adult A. salina exposed to A. minutum at a density of 5000 cells/mL or 0.5 μM GTX2/3. After exposure, the full transcriptome of adult A. salina was assembled and functionally annotated. A total of 599,286 transcripts were obtained, which were clustered into 515,196 unigenes. Results of the transcriptional effect level index revealed that direct exposure to the toxic algae A. minutum caused greater alterations in the transcriptome than did exposure to the extracellular product GTX2/3. Mechanisms of effects were different between exposure of A. salina to A. minutum cells or GTX2/3. Exposure to A. minutum modulated formation of the ribonucleoprotein complex and metabolism of amino acids and lipids in A. salina. Exposure to GTX2/3 exposure inhibited expression of genes related to metabolism of chitin, which might result in disruption of molting process or disturbed sheath morphogenesis. Overall, effects on transcription observed in this study represent the first report based on application of next generation sequencing techniques to investigate the transcriptomic response of A. salina exposed to an environmentally realistic level of A. minutum or GTX2/3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Yi
- School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Renyan Liu
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian City, Liaoning, China.
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Zhaochuan Li
- School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Wentao Li
- School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingjing Zhan
- School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Lifen Liu
- School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China
| | - Yufeng Gong
- School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin City, Liaoning, China; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Bosker T, Olthof G, Vijver MG, Baas J, Barmentlo SH. Significant decline of Daphnia magna population biomass due to microplastic exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:669-675. [PMID: 31035149 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Even though microplastics are intensively studied, the focus of the research is mainly on relatively short term effects at high doses. Therefore there is a need to shift the focus toward more realistic, longer-term endpoints. Studies with a range of chemicals have shown that the response of populations often differs from studies in which a single organism is exposed in an individual container (as often described within standard ecotox screening assays). Here we investigate the impact of primary microplastics (1-5 μm in size) on a population of Daphnia magna. We first allowed a stable population of D. magna to develop over 29 d, after which the populations were exposed to microplastics for three weeks (concentrations ranging from 102 to 105 particles mL-1 and a control). We found a significant impact of microplastics on the total population of D. magna, with a reduction in the amount of adult daphnids. Importantly, when expressed as total biomass, exposure to 105 microplastics mL-1 resulted in a 21% reduction in total biomass compared to control. These results indicate that exposure to microplastics can result in significant adverse effects on the population of D. magna, including a reduction in the number of individuals as well as total biomass. Given the importance of D. magna in freshwater food webs, both as a grazer as well as a food source, this can potentially impact the functioning of the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Bosker
- Leiden University College, Leiden University, P.O. Box 13228, 2501, EE, The Hague, the Netherlands; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Gabriël Olthof
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan Baas
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, the Netherlands; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK.
| | - S Henrik Barmentlo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Chain FJJ, Finlayson S, Crease T, Cristescu M. Variation in transcriptional responses to copper exposure across Daphnia pulex lineages. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 210:85-97. [PMID: 30836324 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper pollution is pervasive in aquatic habitats and is particularly harmful to invertebrates sensitive to environmental changes such as Daphnia pulex. Mechanisms of toxicity and tolerance to copper are not well understood. We used RNA-sequencing to investigate these mechanisms in three genetically distinct D. pulex clonal lineages with different histories of copper exposure. Upregulated genes after copper exposure were enriched with Gene Ontology (GO) categories involved in digestion, molting and growth, whereas downregulated genes after copper exposure were enriched in the metal-regulatory system, immune response and epigenetic modifications. The three D. pulex clones in our study show largely similar transcriptional patterns in response to copper, with only a total of twenty genes differentially expressed in a single clonal lineages. We also detected lower relative expression of some genes known to be important for copper tolerance, metallothionein and glutathione-S-transferase, in a sensitive lineage sampled from an uncontaminated habitat. Daphnia-specific genes (without orthologs outside the genus) and Daphnia-specific duplications (genes duplicated in the Daphnia lineage) were overrepresented in differentially expressed genes, highlighting an important role for newly emerged genes in tolerating environmental stressors. The results indicate that the D. pulex lineages tested in this study generally respond to copper stress using the same major pathways, but that the more resistant clone with previous copper exposure might be better able to regulate key genes. This finding highlights the important nuances in gene expression among clones, shaped by historical exposure and influencing copper tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric J J Chain
- Department of Biology, McGill University, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Sarah Finlayson
- Department of Biology, McGill University, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Teresa Crease
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
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18
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Osorio-Treviño OC, Arzate-Cárdenas MA, Rico-Martínez R. Energy budget in Alona guttata (Chydoridae: Aloninae) and toxicant-induced alterations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:398-407. [PMID: 30688169 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1558901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although chydorids are the most diverse cladocerans in the world, there is still little information available related to their biology and even less with respect to their susceptibility to toxicants. Therefore, this work aimed to implement protocols with Alona guttata for acute, chronic, and sublethal toxicity tests, using the environmental concern toxicants deltamethrin (DM) and lead (Pb2+), which are commonly used due to agriculture and vector control or for the automotive industry, respectively. Once the results of LC50 (0.1160 ± 0.0107 μg/L for DM and 1.5797 ± 0.1605 mg/L for Pb2+) were obtained, sublethal concentrations (0.01 to 0.2 LC50) were used for the evaluation of biomarkers and chronic toxicity. Concentrations as low as 0.01 LC50 reduced Alona's survival and fecundity, negatively affecting demographic parameters, and decreased the energy reserves. A significant correlation was found between the natural rate of population increase and the caloric content, which demonstrates the suitability of these biomarkers as endpoints of early warning that allow inferring alterations at higher biological levels. Subsequently, this work could constitute the first report on the evaluation of the energy budget in a non-daphnid species, its alterations due to exposure to toxic substances and the correlation with demographic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga C Osorio-Treviño
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Centro de Ciencias Básicas , Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes , Aguascalientes , AGS , México
| | - Mario A Arzate-Cárdenas
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Centro de Ciencias Básicas , Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes , Aguascalientes , AGS , México
- b Cátedras CONACYT. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología , Benito Juárez , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Roberto Rico-Martínez
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Centro de Ciencias Básicas , Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes , Aguascalientes , AGS , México
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Sivula L, Vehniäinen ER, Karjalainen AK, Kukkonen JVK. Toxicity of biomining effluents to Daphnia magna: Acute toxicity and transcriptomic biomarkers. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:304-311. [PMID: 30005352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing metal consumption is driving the introduction of new techniques such as biomining to exploit low grade ores. The biomining impacts notably aquatic ecosystems, yet, the applicability of ecotoxicological tests to study the complex mixture effects of mining waters is insufficiently understood. The aim of the present work was to test if transcriptomic biomarkers are suitable and sensitive for the ecotoxicity assessment of biomining affected waters. The study site had been affected by a multimetal biomine, and the studied water samples formed a concentration gradient of contamination downstream from the biomining site. Cadmium and nickel were used as positive controls in the toxicity tests. Selected transcriptomic biomarkers, previously shown to be differentially regulated by metals, were used to evaluate the ecotoxicity of the water samples. Parallel samples were used to compare the transcriptomic biomarkers with the conventional acute D. magna toxicity test. In the acute test, one sample was acutely toxic to D. magna, when pH was adjusted according to the standard, whereas, in the native pH, three samples caused total immobility. Monooxygenase was up-regulated by the highest concentration of Cd in control samples and three of the water samples. Vtg-SOD was up-regulated by one of the water samples, and catalase by the second highest concentration of Cd. The results show that transcriptomic biomarkers in D. magna can be used as sensitive bioindicators for metal mixture toxicity assessment in complex environmental water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Sivula
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Eeva-Riikka Vehniäinen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Anna K Karjalainen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Jussi V K Kukkonen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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20
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Ferain A, De Saeyer N, Larondelle Y, Rees JF, Debier C, De Schamphelaere KAC. Body lipid composition modulates acute cadmium toxicity in Daphnia magna adults and juveniles. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 205:328-338. [PMID: 29704840 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) affect zooplankton fitness and ability to cope with environmental stressors. However, the impact of LC-PUFAs on zooplankton sensitivity to chemical stressors is unknown. Here, we aimed to document the interaction between EPA and cadmium (Cd), as model chemical stressor, in Daphnia magna. A life-history experiment was performed in which daphnid neonates were raised into adulthood on three diets of different lipid composition: (i) algae mix; (ii) algae mix supplemented with control liposomes; (iii) algae mix supplemented with liposomes containing EPA. Juveniles (3rd, 4th and 5th brood) released by daphnids during this life-history experiment were sampled, challenged with Cd during 48 h and their immobility was assessed. At the end of this life-history experiment, another immobilisation test was performed with adults from each treatment. Daphnids absorbed, incorporated and transferred ingested EPA to their offspring. Liposome feeding increased adult tolerance to Cd. The presence of EPA in liposomes did not increase adult tolerance to Cd. Offspring's tolerance to Cd was influenced by the brood number and the maternal diet. It was positively correlated with the PUFA level in body neutral lipids, especially alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and negatively correlated with the saturated fatty acid level in body neutral lipids, especially stearic acid (18:0). Overall, these results emphasize the importance of dietary lipids and maternal transfer of body lipids in D. magna sensitivity to Cd and highlight the need to take into account these parameters in ecotoxicological studies and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferain
- Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Nancy De Saeyer
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yvan Larondelle
- Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Rees
- Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Cathy Debier
- Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis for Understanding Predator-Induced Polyphenism in the Water Flea Daphnia pulex. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072110. [PMID: 30036973 PMCID: PMC6073494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The crustacean Daphnia pulex is one of the best model organisms for studying inducible defense mechanisms due to their inducible morphology in response to the predator Chaoborus larvae. In this study, multiple developmental stages of D. pulex were exposed to C. flavicans larvae and transcriptome profiles of samples from late embryo to fifth instar were sequenced by the RNA-seq technique to investigate the genetic background underlying inducible defenses. In comparison, differentially expressed genes between defensive and normal morphs were identified, including 908 genes in late embryo, 1383 genes in the first-third (1–3) instar, and 1042 genes in fourth-fifth (4–5) instar. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that structural constituents of the cuticle and structural molecule activity genes were prominent up-regulated genes in late embryos. Down-regulated genes in late embryos and 1–3 instar comprised metabolic process, hydrolase activity, and peptidase activity gene classes. Pathway analysis indicated that small molecule neurotransmitter pathways were potentially involved in the development of inducible defenses. The characterization of genes and pathways in multiple developmental stages can improve our understanding of inducible defense responses of D. pulex to predation at the molecular level.
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Pan L, Zhang M, Jin Q, Ji R. Multi-biomarker approach in the scallop Chlamys farreri to assess PAHs pollution in Qingdao coastal areas of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2017; 19:1387-1403. [PMID: 28933499 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00186j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A multi-biomarker approach was conducted in the scallop Chlamys farreri from three sites, denoted here as S1, S2, and S3, in Qingdao coastal areas of China in March, June, September and December 2014 to assess pollution from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to select appropriate biomarkers. A suite of biological responses of the gills and digestive glands of the scallops was assayed, including: (i) phase I detoxification enzymes of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), epoxide hydrolase (EH), and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD) and phase II detoxification enzymes of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and sulfotransferase (SULT); (ii) antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); (iii) oxidative damage parameters: lipid peroxidation (LPO) expressed by malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, protein carbonylation (PC) and DNA damage (F value); and (iv) the metabolism-related genes of EH, DD, GST, SULT and SOD. Simultaneously, the concentrations of total PAHs along with 16 types of PAHs previously identified by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and environmental parameters, including temperature and salinity together with pH, were measured. Using Principle Component Analysis (PCA), it was revealed that S2 was the most PAH-contaminated site, while S1 was identified as the least PAH-polluted site, which was consistent with the results utilizing the Biomarker Response Index (BRI); in other words, the biological health status of S2 was worse than S1 and S3. Moreover, the most suitable biomarkers to assess PAH pollution in Qingdao coastal areas proved to be DD mRNA expression and the F value in both the gills and digestive glands for the total PAHs, DD activity and PC contents or PC and MDA contents in the gills or digestive glands for 5 + 6 rings PAHs and DD mRNA expression in both the gills and digestive glands for 2 + 3 rings and 4 rings PAHs. Moreover, this study highlighted the possible use of the scallop Chlamys farreri for studying contamination due to PAHs and provided valuable information on environmental assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Fisheries College, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, 266003, Qingdao, China.
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Kim HY, Asselman J, Jeong TY, Yu S, De Schamphelaere KAC, Kim SD. Multigenerational Effects of the Antibiotic Tetracycline on Transcriptional Responses of Daphnia magna and Its Relationship to Higher Levels of Biological Organizations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12898-12907. [PMID: 29023098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Given the risk of environmental pollution by pharmaceutical compounds and the effects of these compounds on exposed ecosystems, ecologically relevant and realistic assessments are required. However, many studies have been mostly focused on individual responses in a single generation exposed to one-effect concentrations. Here, transcriptional responses of the crustacean Daphnia magna to the antibiotic tetracycline across multiple generations and effect concentrations were investigated. The results demonstrated that tetracycline induced different transcriptional responses of daphnids that were dependent on dose and generation. For example, reproduction-related expressed sequence tags (ESTs), including vitellogenin, were distinctly related to the dose-dependent tetracycline exposure, whereas multigenerational exposure induced significant change of molting-related ESTs such as cuticle protein. A total of 65 ESTs were shared in all contrasts, suggesting a conserved mechanism of tetracycline toxicity regardless of exposure concentration or time. Most of them were associated with general stress responses including translation, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, effects across the dose-response curve showed higher correlative connections among transcriptional, physiological, and individual responses than multigenerational effects. In the multigenerational exposure, the connectivity between adjacent generations decreased with increasing generation number. The results clearly highlight that exposure concentration and time trigger different mechanisms and functions, providing further evidence that multigenerational and dose-response effects cannot be neglected in environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Kim
- Research and Development Division, Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control (KINAC) , 1534 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054 Republic of Korea
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab), Ghent University , Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Yu
- Radiation Research Division for Industry and Environment, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute , Jeongeup-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab), Ghent University , Ghent, B-9000 Belgium
| | - Sang Don Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005 Republic of Korea
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Yang JH, Kim HJ, Lee SM, Kim BM, Seo YR. Cadmium-induced biomarkers discovery and comparative network analysis in Daphnia magna. Mol Cell Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-017-0036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Pedrosa J, Gravato C, Campos D, Cardoso P, Figueira E, Nowak C, Soares AMVM, Barata C, Pestana JLT. Investigating heritability of cadmium tolerance in Chironomus riparius natural populations: A physiological approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 170:83-94. [PMID: 28006760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Physiological responses allow populations to cope with metal contamination and can be involved in the evolution of tolerance under historical metal contamination scenarios. Here we investigate physiological aspects that might be underlying the heritable high tolerance to cadmium (Cd) in two Chironomus riparius populations collected from historically metal contaminated sites in comparison to two populations from reference sites. To evaluate differences in the physiological response to short-term Cd exposure, protein expression profiles, metallothioneins [MTs] and several antioxidant defences such as total glutathione (GSHt), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferases [GSTs], were measured in all four populations reared for at least 8 generations under laboratory clean conditions. Cd-induced oxidative damage in lipids and energy related parameters (energy consumption and energy reserves) were also assessed. Results showed two major gradients of protein profiles according to Cd concentration and population tolerance. Furthermore, Cd-tolerant populations showed higher baseline levels of MTs and GSHt while Cd-sensitive populations, collected from reference sites, showed significant induction of GSHt levels with Cd exposure that were nonetheless insufficient to avoid increased oxidative damage to lipids. Cd exposure had no clear effects on the antioxidant enzymes or energy reserves but triggered a general increase in energy consumption. Finally, energy consumption was higher in Cd-tolerant populations across experimental conditions. Altogether, results demonstrate that inherited Cd-tolerance in these midge populations is related, at least in part, with different constitutive levels and plasticity of different defence mechanisms confirming the validity of using multiple physiological traits when studying evolution of tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedrosa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum of Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Cardoso
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carsten Nowak
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum of Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - João L T Pestana
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Exploring potential biomarker responses to lithium in Daphnia magna from the perspectives of function and signaling networks. Mol Cell Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-017-0009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Toyota K, Williams TD, Sato T, Tatarazako N, Iguchi T. Comparative ovarian microarray analysis of juvenile hormone-responsive genes in water fleaDaphnia magna: potential targets for toxicity. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:374-381. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- School of Biosciences; University of Birmingham; Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | | | - Tomomi Sato
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience; Yokohama City University; Yokohama 236-0027 Japan
| | - Norihisa Tatarazako
- Environmental Quality Measurement Section, Research Center for Environmental Risk; National Institute for Environmental Studies; Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies); Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience; Yokohama City University; Yokohama 236-0027 Japan
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28
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Horn RL, Ramaraj T, Devitt NP, Schilkey FD, Cowley DE. De novo assembly of a tadpole shrimp (Triops newberryi) transcriptome and preliminary differential gene expression analysis. Mol Ecol Resour 2016; 17:161-171. [PMID: 27292122 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing techniques, such as RNA sequencing, have provided a wealth of genomic information for nonmodel species. Transcriptomic information can be used to quantify the patterns of gene expression, which can identify how environmental differences invoke organismal stress responses and provide a gauge in predicting species adaptability. In our study, we used RNA sequencing to characterize the first transcriptome from a naupliar tadpole shrimp (Triops newberryi) to identify the genes expressed during the early life history stages and which could be important for future genomic studies. RNA was extracted from naupliar T. newberryi that were reared in a laboratory-controlled setting and in two different water types, a native and a non-native condition. A total of six replicates, three per condition, were sequenced with the Illumina Hi-Seq 2000 achieving 365 M 50-nt reads. High-quality reads were produced and de novo assembly was used to construct a T. newberryi transcriptome that was approximately 24.8 M base pairs. More than 10 000 peptides were predicted from the assembly, and genes were sorted into gene ontology categories. The use of different water conditions allowed for a preliminary differential gene expression analysis in order to compare the changes in gene expression between conditions. There were 299 differentially expressed genes between water conditions that might serve as a focal point for future genomic studies of Triops acclimation to different environments. The Triops transcriptome could serve as vital genomic information for additional studies on Branchiopod crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah L Horn
- Biology Department, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, Canada, K9J 7B8
| | - Thiruvarangan Ramaraj
- National Center for Genome Resources, 2935 Rodeo Park Drive East, Santa Fe, NM, 87505, USA
| | - Nicholas P Devitt
- National Center for Genome Resources, 2935 Rodeo Park Drive East, Santa Fe, NM, 87505, USA
| | - Faye D Schilkey
- National Center for Genome Resources, 2935 Rodeo Park Drive East, Santa Fe, NM, 87505, USA
| | - David E Cowley
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology, New Mexico State University, Box 30003, MSC 4901, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
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Chen S, Nichols KM, Poynton HC, Sepúlveda MS. MicroRNAs are involved in cadmium tolerance in Daphnia pulex. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 175:241-8. [PMID: 27078211 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia can develop tolerance to cadmium (Cd) after multi-generational exposures. Until now, Cd tolerance in this crustacean was thought to be mainly due to its sequestration via induction of metallothioneins (MTs). Our research supports other studies showing microRNAs (miRNAs) also play a role in this enhanced tolerance. We induced Cd tolerance in Daphnia pulex after exposing them for 25 generations and examined the maintenance of enhanced Cd tolerance under a Cd-free environment for an additional three generations. Acute Cd tolerance as well as long-term effects on population dynamics were measured in selected generations via 48h LC50 tests and 21 d reproductive tests, respectively. Cd tolerance was associated with differential expression of 10 miRNAs (miR-2, miR-33, miR-92, miR-96, miR-153, miR-252, miR-279, miR-283, miR-305 and miR-615). Pathway analysis revealed these miRNAs might increase Cd tolerance by suppressing cellular growth and proliferation by GTPase and cuticle protein pathways, which switch cellular energy allocation to detoxification processes. Moreover, we found increased Cd tolerance is related with induction of MT3 and MT4 and a subsequent downregulation of MT1 and MT3 expression when animals are moved to a Cd-free environment. This is the first study linking aquatic invertebrate miRNAs with induced tolerance to environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Krista M Nichols
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Helen C Poynton
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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30
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Haap T, Schwarz S, Köhler HR. Metallothionein and Hsp70 trade-off against one another in Daphnia magna cross-tolerance to cadmium and heat stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:112-119. [PMID: 26655655 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The association between the insensitivity of adapted ecotypes of invertebrates to environmental stress, such as heavy metal pollution, and overall low Hsp levels characterizing these organisms has been attracting attention in various studies. The present study seeks to induce and examine this phenomenon in Daphnia magna by multigenerational acclimation to cadmium in a controlled laboratory setting. In this experiment, interclonal variation was examined: two clones of D. magna that have previously been characterized to diverge regarding their cadmium resistance and levels of the stress protein Hsp70, were continuously exposed to a sublethal concentration of Cd over four generations to study the effects of acclimation on Hsp70, metallothionein (MT), reproduction and cross-tolerance to heat stress. The two clones differed in all the measured parameters in a characteristic way, clone T displaying Cd and heat resistance, lower Hsp70 levels and offspring numbers on the one hand and higher MT expression on the other hand, clone S the opposite for all these parameters. We observed only slight acclimation-induced changes in constitutive Hsp70 levels and reproductive output. The differences in MT expression between clones as well as between acclimated organisms and controls give evidence for MT accounting for the higher Cd tolerance of clone T. Overall high Hsp70 levels of clone S did not confer cross tolerance to heat stress, contrary to common expectations. Our results suggest a trade-off between the efforts to limit the proteotoxic symptoms of Cd toxicity by Hsp70 induction and those to sequester and detoxify Cd by means of MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Haap
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Simon Schwarz
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heinz-R Köhler
- Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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31
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Ananthasubramaniam B, McCauley E, Gust KA, Kennedy AJ, Muller EB, Perkins EJ, Nisbet RM. Relating suborganismal processes to ecotoxicological and population level endpoints using a bioenergetic model. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 25:1691-1710. [PMID: 26552275 DOI: 10.1890/14-0498.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ecological effects of environmental stressors are commonly evaluated using organismal or suborganismal data, such as standardized toxicity tests that characterize responses of individuals (e.g., mortality and reproduction) and a rapidly growing body of "omics" data. A key challenge for environmental risk assessment is relating such information to population dynamics. One approach uses dynamic energy budget (DEB) models that relate growth and reproduction of individuals to underlying flows of energy and elemental matter. We hypothesize that suborganismal information identifies DEB parameters that are most likely impacted by a particular stressor and that the DEB model can then project suborganismal effects on life history and population endpoints. We formulate and parameterize a model of growth and reproduction for the water flea Daphnia magna. Our model resembles previous generic bioenergetic models, but has explicit representation of discrete molts, an important feature of Daphnia life history. We test its ability to predict six endpoints commonly used in chronic toxicity studies in specified food environments. With just one adjustable parameter, the model successfully predicts growth and reproduction of individuals from a wide array of experiments performed in multiple laboratories using different clones of D. magna raised on different food sources. Fecundity is the most sensitive endpoint, and there is broad correlation between the sensitivities of fecundity and long-run growth rate, as is desirable for the default metric used in chronic toxicity tests. Under some assumptions, we can combine our DEB model with the Euler-Lotka equation to estimate longrun population growth rates at different food levels. A review of Daphnia gene-expression experiments on the effects of contaminant exposure reveals several connections to model parameters, in particular a general trend of increased transcript expression of genes involved in energy assimilation and utilization at concentrations affecting growth and reproduction. The sensitivity of fecundity to many model parameters was consistent with frequent generalized observations of decreased expression of genes involved in reproductive physiology, but interpretation of these observations requires further mechanistic modeling. We thus propose an approach based on generic DEB models incorporating few essential species-specific features for rapid extrapolation of ecotoxicogenomic assays for Daphnia-based population risk assessment.
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Kim HJ, Koedrith P, Seo YR. Ecotoxicogenomic approaches for understanding molecular mechanisms of environmental chemical toxicity using aquatic invertebrate, Daphnia model organism. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:12261-87. [PMID: 26035755 PMCID: PMC4490443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160612261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapid advent in genomics technologies and attention to ecological risk assessment, the term “ecotoxicogenomics” has recently emerged to describe integration of omics studies (i.e., transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics) into ecotoxicological fields. Ecotoxicogenomics is defined as study of an entire set of genes or proteins expression in ecological organisms to provide insight on environmental toxicity, offering benefit in ecological risk assessment. Indeed, Daphnia is a model species to study aquatic environmental toxicity designated in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s toxicity test guideline and to investigate expression patterns using ecotoxicology-oriented genomics tools. Our main purpose is to demonstrate the potential utility of gene expression profiling in ecotoxicology by identifying novel biomarkers and relevant modes of toxicity in Daphnia magna. These approaches enable us to address adverse phenotypic outcomes linked to particular gene function(s) and mechanistic understanding of aquatic ecotoxicology as well as exploration of useful biomarkers. Furthermore, key challenges that currently face aquatic ecotoxicology (e.g., predicting toxicant responses among a broad spectrum of phytogenetic groups, predicting impact of temporal exposure on toxicant responses) necessitate the parallel use of other model organisms, both aquatic and terrestrial. By investigating gene expression profiling in an environmentally important organism, this provides viable support for the utility of ecotoxicogenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jeong Kim
- Institute of Environmental Medicine for Green Chemistry, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-820, Korea.
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-820, Korea.
| | - Preeyaporn Koedrith
- Institute of Environmental Medicine for Green Chemistry, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-820, Korea.
- Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Phuttamonthon District, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Institute of Environmental Medicine for Green Chemistry, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-820, Korea.
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-820, Korea.
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Tang S, Wu Y, Ryan CN, Yu S, Qin G, Edwards DS, Mayer GD. Distinct expression profiles of stress defense and DNA repair genes in Daphnia pulex exposed to cadmium, zinc, and quantum dots. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 120:92-9. [PMID: 25014899 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing production and use of nanocrystaline semiconductors (Quantum dots; QDs) will inevitably result in increased appearance of these nanomaterials in the aquatic environment. However, the behavior and potential toxicity of heavy metal constituted nanoparticulates in aquatic invertebrates is largely unknown, especially with regard to molecular responses. The freshwater crustacean Daphnia pulex is a well-suited toxicological and ecological model to study molecular responses to environmental stressors. In this study, D. pulex were exposed for 48 h to sublethal doses of QDs (25% and 50% of LC50) with differing spectral properties (CdTe and CdSe/ZnS QDs) and Cd and Zn salts. Our data suggest that acute exposure to both CdSO4 and Cd-based QDs leads to Cd uptake in vivo, which was biologically supported by the observation of increased expression of metallothionein (MT-1). Furthermore, Cd, Zn, and CdSe/ZnS QDs induced different patterns of gene expression regarding stress defense and DNA repair, which furthers our knowledge regarding which response pathways are affected by nanoparticulate forms of metals versus ionic forms in aquatic crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Tang
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Yonggan Wu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Caitlin N Ryan
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Shuangying Yu
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Guangqiu Qin
- Institute of Toxicology, Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China
| | - Donn S Edwards
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Gregory D Mayer
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA; Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672, USA.
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Jin Q, Pan L, Liu T, Hu F. RNA-seq based on transcriptome reveals differ genetic expressing in Chlamys farreri exposed to carcinogen PAHs. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:313-320. [PMID: 25543213 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of a mixture of carcinogen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BaP, BaA, BbF and CHR) on transcriptional responses in the digestive gland of scallop, Chlamys farreri, were investigated by high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies. In total, 209 and 260 genes were identified as significantly up- or down-regulated, respectively. Functional analysis based on gene ontology (GO) classification system and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database revealed that PAHs significantly altered the expression of genes involved in stress response, detoxication, antioxidation which were extensively discussed. In particular, CYP450 2P1 and QO mRNA expression were found to be up-regulated by exposure to PAHs mixture, suggesting that CYP450 2P1 and QO mRNA expression can be a potential marker for prediction of the biological effects of a mixture of PAHs on scallops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Fengxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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35
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Rainville LC, Coelho AV, Sheehan D. Application of a redox-proteomics toolbox to Daphnia magna challenged with model pro-oxidants copper and paraquat. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:84-91. [PMID: 25263122 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The redox status of cells is involved in the regulation of several cellular stress-response pathways. It is frequently altered by xenobiotics, as well as by environmental stressors. As such, there is an increasing interest in understanding the redox status of proteins in different scenarios. Recent advances in proteomics enable researchers to measure oxidative lesions in a wide range of proteins. This opens the door to the sensitive detection of toxicity targets and helps decipher the molecular impact of pollutants and environmental stressors. The present study applies the measurement of protein carbonyls, the most common oxidative lesion of proteins, to gel-based proteomics in Daphnia magna. Daphnids were exposed to copper and paraquat, 2 well-known pro-oxidants. Catalase activity was decreased by paraquat, whereas global measurement of protein carbonyls and thiols indicated no change with treatment. Despite the absence of observed oxidative stress, 2-dimensional electrophoresis of the daphnid proteins and measurement of their carbonylation status revealed that 32 features were significantly affected by the treatments, showing higher sensitivity than single measurements. Identified proteins affected by copper indicated a decrease in the heat-shock response, whereas paraquat affected glycolysis. The present study demonstrates the applicability of redox-proteomics in daphnids, and indicates that the heat-shock response plays a counterintuitive role in metal resistance in daphnids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Charles Rainville
- Proteomics Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Liu D, Pan L, Cai Y, Li Z, Miao J. Response of detoxification gene mRNA expression and selection of molecular biomarkers in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 189:1-8. [PMID: 24602878 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) has a high carcinogenic potential. B[a]P concentrations and molecular biomarkers (mRNA expressions of Pgp, AhR, CYP4, CYP414A1, GST-pi, GST-S2, Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) were assayed in gills and digestive glands of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to 0.03, 0.3 and 3 μg/L B[a]P for 21 days and then exposed to natural seawater for 15 days. Results showed that B[a]P was rapidly accumulated in and then eliminated from tissues of the clams. All gene mRNA expressions in the treated groups were induced significantly with the exception of CYP414A1 and Cu/Zn-SOD in the 0.03 μg/L B[a]P group. According to correlation analysis, mRNA expressions of AhR, GST-pi and Mn-SOD in gills and GST-pi in digestive glands had good correlations with B[a]P concentrations and could be used as molecular biomarkers of B[a]P exposure. This study investigated the molecular response of the genes mentioned above and selected useful molecular biomarkers for B[a]P pollution monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Yuefeng Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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De Coninck DIM, Asselman J, Glaholt S, Janssen C, Colbourne JK, Shaw JR, De
Schamphelaere KAC. Genome-wide transcription profiles reveal genotype-dependent responses of biological pathways and gene-families in Daphnia exposed to single and mixed stressors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:3513-22. [PMID: 24552364 PMCID: PMC3983318 DOI: 10.1021/es4053363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the possibilities and limitations of implementing a genome-wide transcription-based approach that takes into account genetic and environmental variation to better understand the response of natural populations to stressors. When exposing two different Daphnia pulex genotypes (a cadmium-sensitive and a cadmium-tolerant one) to cadmium, the toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, and their mixture, we found that observations at the transcriptomic level do not always explain observations at a higher level (growth, reproduction). For example, although cadmium elicited an adverse effect at the organismal level, almost no genes were differentially expressed after cadmium exposure. In addition, we identified oxidative stress and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism-related pathways, as well as trypsin and neurexin IV gene-families as candidates for the underlying causes of genotypic differences in tolerance to Microcystis. Furthermore, the whole-genome transcriptomic data of a stressor mixture allowed a better understanding of mixture responses by evaluating interactions between two stressors at the gene-expression level against the independent action baseline model. This approach has indicated that ubiquinone pathway and the MAPK serine-threonine protein kinase and collagens gene-families were enriched with genes showing an interactive effect in expression response to exposure to the mixture of the stressors, while transcription and translation-related pathways and gene-families were mostly related with genotypic differences in interactive responses to this mixture. Collectively, our results indicate that the methods we employed may improve further characterization of the possibilities and limitations of transcriptomics approaches in the adverse outcome pathway framework and in predictions of multistressor effects on natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory
of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Stephen Glaholt
- School
of Public & Environmental Affairs, Indiana
University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Colin
R. Janssen
- Laboratory
of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - John K. Colbourne
- Center
for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana
University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgebaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph R. Shaw
- School
of Public & Environmental Affairs, Indiana
University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Center
for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana
University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgebaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Toumi H, Boumaiza M, Immel F, Sohm B, Felten V, Férard JF. Effect of deltamethrin (pyrethroid insecticide) on two clones of Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera): a proteomic investigation. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 148:40-47. [PMID: 24441279 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin is a class II pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in agriculture. It is hazardous to freshwater ecosystems, especially for the cladoceran Daphnia magna (Straus 1820). The results of our previous studies based on acute and chronic ecotoxicity experiments revealed differences in the sensitivity between two different clones. In this work, to investigate deltamethrin toxicity mechanisms in two clones of D. magna, we used a proteomic approach in order to analyze changes in protein expression profiles after 48 h of exposure. We detected 1339 spots; then applying statistical criteria (ANOVA p<0.001 and minimum fold change 1.5), only 128 spots were significantly different in the normalized volume. Among the preselected proteins there were 88 up-regulated and 40 down-regulated proteins. Results showed differences in sensitivities after deltamethrin exposure between the clones. Moreover, using the 2-DIGE method, proteomic investigation for deltamethrin exposure proved to be a reliable and powerful approach to investigate effects of deltamethrin as part of research for new metabolic and cellular biomarkers. After identification by mass spectrometry, there were 39 proteins recognized and identified, in which 21 and 18 were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in deltamethrin-exposed clone A compared to three other conditions (controls of each clone and deltamethrin-exposed clone 2). Up- and down-regulated proteins belonged to 12 biological processes (i.e. metabolic processes, apoptosis and stimulus response) and 5 molecular functions (i.e. catalytic activity, binding, structural molecular activity, antioxidant and receptor activities). Identification of these deregulated proteins opens a new way in discovering new molecular targets and putative biomarkers in daphnids exposed to deltamethrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héla Toumi
- Laboratoire de Bio-surveillance de l'Environnement (LBE), Unité d'Hydrobiologie littorale et limnique, Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia; Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), UMR 7360 CNRS, Campus Bridoux, Bât. IBiSE, Rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Moncef Boumaiza
- Laboratoire de Bio-surveillance de l'Environnement (LBE), Unité d'Hydrobiologie littorale et limnique, Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Françoise Immel
- Université de Bourgogne, Laboratoire BIOGEOSCIENCES, UMR 6282 CNRS, UFR Sciences Vie Terre et Environnement, 6 boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Bénédicte Sohm
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), UMR 7360 CNRS, Campus Bridoux, Bât. IBiSE, Rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Vincent Felten
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), UMR 7360 CNRS, Campus Bridoux, Bât. IBiSE, Rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Jean-François Férard
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), UMR 7360 CNRS, Campus Bridoux, Bât. IBiSE, Rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France.
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Lyu K, Zhu X, Chen R, Chen Y, Yang Z. Molecular cloning of manganese superoxide dismutase gene in the cladoceran Daphnia magna: effects of microcystin, nitrite, and cadmium on gene expression profiles. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 148:55-64. [PMID: 24463312 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that represent one important line of defense against oxidative stress produced by reactive oxygen species in aerobic organisms. Generally, waterborne pollutants caused by irregular anthropogenic activities often result in oxidative damage in aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to molecularly characterize the manganese superoxide dismutase gene (Dm-MnSOD) in the waterflea, Daphnia magna, and evaluate the mRNA expression patterns quantified by real-time PCR after exposure to three common waterborne pollutants (microcystin-LR, nitrite, and cadmium). The results showed that the full-length Dm-MnSOD sequence consists of 954 bp nucleotides, encoding 215 amino acids, showing well-conserved domains that are required for metal binding and several common characteristics, such as two MnSOD domains. The deduced amino acid sequence of Dm-MnSOD shared over 70% similarity with homologues from Bythograea thermydron, Dromia personata, Cancer pagurus, and Scylla paramamosain. Dm-MnSOD gene expression was up-regulated in response to exposure to the three chemicals tested. The overall results indicated that Dm-MnSOD gene is an inducible gene and potential biomarker indicating these pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuexia Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Hasenbein M, Werner I, Deanovic LA, Geist J, Fritsch EB, Javidmehr A, Foe C, Fangue NA, Connon RE. Transcriptomic profiling permits the identification of pollutant sources and effects in ambient water samples. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 468-469:688-698. [PMID: 24061060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Contaminant exposure is one possible contributor to population declines of endangered fish species in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary, California, including the endangered delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus). Herein we investigated transcriptional responses in larval delta smelt resulting from exposure to water samples collected at the Department of Water Resources Field Station at Hood, a site of concern, situated upstream of known delta smelt habitat and spawning sites and downstream of the Sacramento Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant (SRWTP). Microarray assessments indicate impacts on energy metabolism, DNA repair mechanisms and RNA processing, the immune system, development and muscle function. Transcription responses of fish exposed to water samples from Hood were compared with exposures to 9% effluent samples from SRWTP, water from the Sacramento River at Garcia Bend (SRGB), upstream of the effluent discharge, and SRGB water spiked with 2mg/L total ammonium (9% effluent equivalent). Results indicate that transcriptomic profiles from Hood are similar to 9% SRWTP effluent and ammonium spiked SRGB water, but significantly different from SRGB. SRGB samples however were also significantly different from laboratory controls, suggesting that SRWTP effluent is not solely responsible for the responses determined at Hood, that ammonium exposure likely enhances the effect of multiple-contaminant exposures, and that the observed mortality at Hood is due to the combination of both effluent discharge and contaminants arising from upstream of the tested sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hasenbein
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, Mühlenweg 22, D-85354 Freising, Germany; Department of Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Hook SE, Osborn HL, Spadaro DA, Simpson SL. Assessing mechanisms of toxicant response in the amphipod Melita plumulosa through transcriptomic profiling. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 146:247-57. [PMID: 24334007 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the function of transcripts with altered abundance in the epibenthic amphipod, Melita plumulosa, following whole-sediment exposure to a series of common environmental contaminants. M. plumulosa were exposed for 48 h to sediments spiked and equilibrated with the following contaminants at concentrations predicted to cause sublethal effects to reproduction: porewater ammonia 30 mg L(-1); bifenthrin at 100 μg kg(-1); fipronil at 50 μg kg(-1); 0.6% diesel; 0.3% crude oil; 250 mg Cu kg(-1); 400 mg Ni kg(-1); and 400 mg Zn kg(-1). RNA was extracted and hybridized against a custom Agilent microarray developed for this species. Although the microarray represented a partial transcriptome and not all features on the array could be annotated, unique transcriptomic profiles were generated for each of the contaminant exposures. Hierarchical clustering grouped the expression profiles together by contaminant class, with copper and zinc, the petroleum products and nickel, and the pesticides each forming a distinct cluster. Many of the transcriptional changes observed were consistent with patterns previously described in other crustaceans. The changes in the transcriptome demonstrated that contaminant exposure caused changes in digestive function, growth and moulting, and the cytoskeleton following metal exposure, whereas exposure to petroleum products caused changes in carbohydrate metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism and hormone cycling. Functional analysis of these gene expression profiles can provide a better understanding of modes of toxic action and permits the prediction of mixture effects within contaminated ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Hook
- CSIRO Land and Water, Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee 2232, NSW, Australia.
| | - Hannah L Osborn
- CSIRO Land and Water, Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee 2232, NSW, Australia
| | - David A Spadaro
- CSIRO Land and Water, Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee 2232, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart L Simpson
- CSIRO Land and Water, Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee 2232, NSW, Australia
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Pakrashi S, Dalai S, Humayun A, Chakravarty S, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A. Ceriodaphnia dubia as a potential bio-indicator for assessing acute aluminum oxide nanoparticle toxicity in fresh water environment. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74003. [PMID: 24040143 PMCID: PMC3764024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing nanomaterials based consumer applications have raised concerns about their potential release into the aquatic ecosystems and the consequent toxicological impacts. So environmental monitoring of the nanomaterials in aqueous systems becomes imperative. The current study reveals the potential of Ceriodaphnia dubia (C. dubia) as a bio-indicator for aluminum oxide nanoparticles in a fresh water aquatic ecosystem where it occupies an important ecological niche as a primary consumer. This study aims to investigate the aluminium oxide nanoparticle induced acute toxicity on Ceriodaphnia dubia in a freshwater system. The bioavailability of the aluminum oxide nanoparticles has been studied with respect to their aggregation behavior in the system and correlated with the toxicity endpoints. The oxidative stress generated by the particles contributed greatly toward their toxicity. The crucial role of leached aluminium ion mediated toxicity in the later phases (48 h and 72 h) in conjunction with the effects from the nano-sized particles in the initial phases (24 h) puts forth the dynamics of nanotoxicity in the test system. The internalization of nanoparticles (both gross and systemic uptake) as substantiated through the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectral (ICP-OES) analysis was another major contributor toward acute toxicity. Concluding the present study, Ceriodaphnia dubia can be a promising candidate for bio-monitoring the aluminium oxide nanoparticles in a fresh water system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Humayun
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | | | | | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, India
- * E-mail:
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Toyota K, Kato Y, Miyakawa H, Yatsu R, Mizutani T, Ogino Y, Miyagawa S, Watanabe H, Nishide H, Uchiyama I, Tatarazako N, Iguchi T. Molecular impact of juvenile hormone agonists on neonatalDaphnia magna. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:537-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI); 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kato
- Department of Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University; 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyakawa
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Ryohei Yatsu
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI); 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Takeshi Mizutani
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Yukiko Ogino
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI); 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI); 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Hajime Watanabe
- Department of Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University; 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hiroyo Nishide
- Data Integration and Analysis Facility; National Institute for Basic Biology; 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8585 Japan
| | - Ikuo Uchiyama
- Data Integration and Analysis Facility; National Institute for Basic Biology; 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8585 Japan
| | - Norihisa Tatarazako
- Environmental Quality Measurement Section, Research Center for Environmental Risk; National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI); 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
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Nagato EG, D'eon JC, Lankadurai BP, Poirier DG, Reiner EJ, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. (1)H NMR-based metabolomics investigation of Daphnia magna responses to sub-lethal exposure to arsenic, copper and lithium. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:331-337. [PMID: 23732010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal and metalloid contamination constitutes a major concern in aquatic ecosystems. Thus it is important to find rapid and reliable indicators of metal stress to aquatic organisms. In this study, we tested the use of (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) - based metabolomics to examine the response of Daphnia magna neonates after a 48h exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of arsenic (49μgL(-1)), copper (12.4μgL(-1)) or lithium (1150μgL(-1)). Metabolomic responses for all conditions were compared to a control using principal component analysis (PCA) and metabolites that contributed to the variation between the exposures and the control condition were identified and quantified. The PCA showed that copper and lithium exposures result in statistically significant metabolite variations from the control. Contributing to this variation was a number of amino acids such as: phenylalanine, leucine, lysine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, methionine and glutamine as well as the nucleobase uracil and osmolyte glycerophosphocholine. The similarities in metabolome changes suggest that lithium has an analogous mode of toxicity to that of copper, and may be impairing energy production and ionoregulation. The PCA also showed that arsenic exposure resulted in a metabolic shift in comparison to the control population but this change was not statistically significant. However, significant changes in specific metabolites such as alanine and lysine were observed, suggesting that energy metabolism is indeed disrupted. This research demonstrates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is a viable platform for discerning metabolomic changes and mode of toxicity of D. magna in response to metal stressors in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward G Nagato
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada M1C 1A4
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Genomic expression responses toward bisphenol-A toxicity in Daphnia magna in terms of reproductive activity. Mol Cell Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-013-0019-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Marinković M, de Leeuw WC, Ensink WA, de Jong M, Breit TM, Admiraal W, Kraak MHS, Jonker MJ. Gene expression patterns and life cycle responses of toxicant-exposed chironomids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:12679-12686. [PMID: 23126638 DOI: 10.1021/es3033617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular stress responses are frequently presumed to be more sensitive than traditional ecotoxicological life cycle end points such as survival and growth. Yet, the focus to reduce test duration and to generate more sensitive end points has caused transcriptomics studies to be performed at low doses during short exposures, separately and independently from traditional ecotoxicity tests, making comparisons with life cycle end points indirect. Therefore we aimed to directly compare the effects on growth, survival, and gene expression of the nonbiting midge Chironomus riparius. To this purpose, we simultaneously analyzed life cycle and transcriptomics responses of chironomid larvae exposed to four model toxicants. We observed that already at the lowest test concentrations many transcripts were significantly differentially expressed, while the life cycle end points of C. riparius were hardly affected. Analysis of the differentially expressed transcripts showed that at the lowest test concentrations substantial and biologically relevant cellular stress was induced and that many transcripts responded already maximally at these lowest test concentrations. The direct comparison between molecular end life cycle responses after fourteen days of exposure revealed that gene expression is more sensitive to toxicant exposure than life cycle end points, underlining the potential of transcriptomics for ecotoxicity testing and environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Marinković
- Microarray Department and Integrative Bioinformatics Unit, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Novais SC, De Coen W, Amorim MJB. Transcriptional responses in Enchytraeus albidus (Oligochaeta): comparison between cadmium and zinc exposure and linkage to reproduction effects. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2012; 31:2289-2299. [PMID: 22821857 DOI: 10.1002/etc.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal ecotoxicity to soil organisms (for example, in enchytraeids) has been addressed mainly by assessing effects on survival and reproduction, but very little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of responses. The main purpose of the present study was to assess and compare the transcriptional responses of Enchytraeus albidus to an essential (Zn) and a nonessential (Cd) metal. Exposure was performed with two concentrations with a known effect on reproduction (effective concentration for 50% [EC50] and 90% [EC90]) at three time points (2, 4, and 8 d). Results showed that transcriptional responses were influenced by exposure duration but, independently of that, the mechanisms of response to Cd and Zn were consistently different. Both metals affected pathways related to the regulation of gene expression, calcium homeostasis, and cellular respiration. Mechanisms of toxicity that were exclusively associated with Cd exposures were the inhibition of DNA repair and the impairment of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. The microarray for E. albidus was a useful tool for detecting molecular pathways affected by metal exposures. Transcriptional responses strongly correlated with known mechanisms of Cd and Zn responses in other organisms, suggesting cross-species conserved mechanisms of action. It should be highlighted not only that the authors could retrieve mechanistic information but also that genes responded within 2 to 8 d of exposure. This represents an additional advantage of using such molecular endpoints as a complement to the traditional, more time-consuming endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Novais
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Effect-based tools for monitoring and predicting the ecotoxicological effects of chemicals in the aquatic environment. SENSORS 2012; 12:12741-71. [PMID: 23112741 PMCID: PMC3478868 DOI: 10.3390/s120912741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ecotoxicology faces the challenge of assessing and predicting the effects of an increasing number of chemical stressors on aquatic species and ecosystems. Herein we review currently applied tools in ecological risk assessment, combining information on exposure with expected biological effects or environmental water quality standards; currently applied effect-based tools are presented based on whether exposure occurs in a controlled laboratory environment or in the field. With increasing ecological relevance the reproducibility, specificity and thus suitability for standardisation of methods tends to diminish. We discuss the use of biomarkers in ecotoxicology including ecotoxicogenomics-based endpoints, which are becoming increasingly important for the detection of sublethal effects. Carefully selected sets of biomarkers allow an assessment of exposure to and effects of toxic chemicals, as well as the health status of organisms and, when combined with chemical analysis, identification of toxicant(s). The promising concept of “adverse outcome pathways (AOP)” links mechanistic responses on the cellular level with whole organism, population, community and potentially ecosystem effects and services. For most toxic mechanisms, however, practical application of AOPs will require more information and the identification of key links between responses, as well as key indicators, at different levels of biological organization, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services.
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Connon RE, D'Abronzo LS, Hostetter NJ, Javidmehr A, Roby DD, Evans AF, Loge FJ, Werner I. Transcription profiling in environmental diagnostics: health assessments in Columbia River basin steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:6081-6087. [PMID: 22587496 DOI: 10.1021/es3005128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The health condition of out-migrating juvenile salmonids can influence migration success. Physical damage, pathogenic infection, contaminant exposure, and immune system status can affect survival probability. The present study is part of a wider investigation of out-migration success in juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and focuses on the application of molecular profiling to assess sublethal effects of environmental stressors in field-collected fish. We used a suite of genes in O. mykiss to specifically assess responses that could be directly related to steelhead health condition during out-migration. These biomarkers were used on juvenile steelhead captured in the Snake River, a tributary of the Columbia River, in Washington, USA, and were applied on gill and anterior head kidney tissue to assess immune system responses, pathogen-defense (NRAMP, Mx, CXC), general stress (HSP70), metal-binding (metallothionein-A), and xenobiotic metabolism (Cyp1a1) utilizing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Upon capture, fish were ranked according to visual external physical conditions into good, fair, poor, and bad categories; gills and kidney tissues were then dissected and preserved for gene analyses. Transcription responses were tissue-specific for gill and anterior head kidney with less significant responses in gill tissue than in kidney. Significant differences between the condition ranks were attributed to NRAMP, MX, CXC, and Cyp1a1 responses. Gene profiling correlated gene expression with pathogen presence, and results indicated that gene profiling can be a useful tool for identifying specific pathogen types responsible for disease. Principal component analysis (PCA) further correlated these responses with specific health condition categories, strongly differentiating good, poor, and bad condition ranks. We conclude that molecular profiling is an informative and useful tool that could be applied to indicate and monitor numerous population-level parameters of management interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Connon
- School of Veterinary Medicine: Dept. Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.
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Silvestre F, Gillardin V, Dorts J. Proteomics to Assess the Role of Phenotypic Plasticity in Aquatic Organisms Exposed to Pollution and Global Warming. Integr Comp Biol 2012; 52:681-94. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/ics087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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