1
|
Guo F, Danielski R, Santhiravel S, Shahidi F. Unlocking the Nutraceutical Potential of Legumes and Their By-Products: Paving the Way for the Circular Economy in the Agri-Food Industry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:636. [PMID: 38929075 PMCID: PMC11201070 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Legumes, including beans, peas, chickpeas, and lentils, are cultivated worldwide and serve as important components of a balanced and nutritious diet. Each legume variety contains unique levels of protein, starch, fiber, lipids, minerals, and vitamins, with potential applications in various industries. By-products such as hulls, rich in bioactive compounds, offer promise for value-added utilization and health-focused product development. Various extraction methods are employed to enhance protein extraction rates from legume by-products, finding applications in various foods such as meat analogs, breads, and desserts. Moreover, essential fatty acids, carotenoids, tocols, and polyphenols are abundant in several residual fractions from legumes. These bioactive classes are linked to reduced incidence of cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, some cancers, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, among other relevant health conditions. The present contribution provides a comprehensive review of the nutritional and bioactive composition of major legumes and their by-products. Additionally, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability aspects of legume consumption, as well as in vitro and in vivo evidence of their health effects are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (F.G.); (R.D.); (S.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Renan Danielski
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (F.G.); (R.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Sarusha Santhiravel
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (F.G.); (R.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (F.G.); (R.D.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yunus FM, Jalal C, Das A, Afsana K, Podder R, Vandenberg A, DellaValle DM. Consumption of Iron-Fortified Lentils Is Protective against Declining Iron Status among Adolescent Girls in Bangladesh: Evidence from a Community-Based Double-Blind, Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2024; 154:1686-1698. [PMID: 38458577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many low-income countries, iron deficiency (ID) and its anemia (IDA) pose significant health challenges, particularly among females and girls. Finding sustainable and effective solutions to address this issue is critical. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of incorporating iron-fortified lentils (IFLs) into the diets of rural Bangladeshi adolescent girls on their body iron (Fe) status. METHODS A community-based, double-blind, cluster-randomized controlled trial involved n = 1195 girls aged 10-17 y. A total of 48 adolescent clubs (n = ∼27 girls each) were randomized into 3 groups: 1) 200 g cooked IFLs, 2) 200 g cooked noniron-fortified lentils (NIFLs), and 3) a control group with no lentils (usual dietary intake). The intervention, administered 5 days a week for 85 feeding days, provided ∼8.625 mg Fe from each serving of IFLs and 2.625 mg from NIFLs. Blood samples collected at baseline, midpoint (42 feeding days), and endpoint (85 feeding days) assessed key Fe and inflammation biomarkers. Statistical analyses were filtered for inflammation. RESULTS Although all groups experienced a decline in Fe status over time, the IFL group exhibited a significantly reduced decline in serum ferritin (sFer -7.2 μg/L), and total body iron (TBI -0.48 mg/kg) level compared with NIFL (sFer -14.3 μg/L and TBI -1.36 mg/kg) and usual intake group (sFer -12.8 μg/L and TBI -1.33 mg/kg). Additionally, those in the IFL group had a 57% reduced risk of developing clinical ID (sFer <15 μg/L) compared with the usual intake group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that incorporating IFLs into the diet can help mitigate a decline in sFer, indicating a positive impact on the body Fe status of adolescent girls. This research underscores the potential role of fortified foods in addressing ID and IDA in vulnerable populations, emphasizing the significance of food-based interventions in public health. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This trial was registered at the clinicaltrials.gov on May 24, 2018 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03516734?locStr=Bangladesh&country=Bangladesh&distance=50&cond=Anemia&intr=Iron%20fortified%20lentils&rank=1) as NCT03516734.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fakir Md Yunus
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, The University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Chowdhury Jalal
- Evaluation and Strategic Research, Nutrition International, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Anupom Das
- Civil Surgeon Office, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Kaosar Afsana
- James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Podder
- College of Agriculture and Bio-resources, The University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- College of Agriculture and Bio-resources, The University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Diane M DellaValle
- Department of Health and Human Performance, King's College, Wilkes-Barre, PA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alexander R, Khaja A, Debiec N, Fazioli A, Torrance M, Razzaque MS. Health-promoting benefits of lentils: Anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects. Curr Res Physiol 2024; 7:100124. [PMID: 38501131 PMCID: PMC10945126 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper describes how lentils (Lens culinaris species) can positively affect health by reducing inflammation, providing antioxidants, and displaying antimicrobial properties. Lentils are rich in proteins, essential amino acids, minerals, and fibers, making them a valuable source of nutrition, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Lentils have many health benefits, including positive effects on diabetes management, support for cardiovascular health, and antioxidative properties. The antioxidative properties of lentils, attributed to their phenolic content, and their ability to inhibit inflammation-related enzymes are also discussed. We discuss the potential of lentils as a dietary tool in promoting immunity, reducing disease burdens, and preventing nutritional deficiencies. Overall, lentils are a highly nutritious food with various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. The fiber and protein content in lentils make them beneficial for weight management, blood sugar regulation, and supporting overall gut health. Furthermore, the slow rate at which lentils affect blood sugar levels, due to their low glycemic index, can be advantageous for individuals with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Alexander
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Abdullah Khaja
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Nicholas Debiec
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Alex Fazioli
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Mary Torrance
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
| | - Mohammed S. Razzaque
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, 16509, USA
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV), 1204 W Schunior Street, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sheera A, Dey T, Aftab N, Singh T, Pandey MK, Kumar B, Dar ZA. Morpho-nutritional status of micronutrient efficient wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under changing environments. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8953-8966. [PMID: 37202574 PMCID: PMC10195006 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01610-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In India, where cereal-based meals make up the majority of the daily diet, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a key grain crop. Micronutrient deficiencies are a result of the lack of a diverse food culture in the nation. Genotypes of bread wheat that have been biofortified might be introduced to address this. It is anticipated that more information on the genotype x year interaction of these nutrients in grain will help us better understand the size of this interaction and perhaps even identify more stable genotypes for this attribute. Year revealed divergent responses to grain iron and zinc. Compared to zinc, iron showed lowest variation across year. Maximum temperature was the major determinant for the four traits. Iron is also significant correlation with zinc. Among the total fifty-two genotype, HP-06, HP-22, HP-24, HP-25, HP-33, HP-44, and HP-45 were found superior for zinc and iron content. These genotypes with high levels of zinc and iron can be used in a hybridization programme to further crop improvement. Wide-scale cultivation of the chosen genotype with high zinc and iron content in the agro-climatic conditions of Jammu will work with the region's current cropping systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sheera
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India.
| | - Tuhina Dey
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
| | - Nashra Aftab
- Seed Quality Lab, Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India
| | - Tushadri Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Pandey
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
| | - Bupesh Kumar
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
| | - Zafar Ali Dar
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, J&K, 180009, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benali A, El Haddad N, Patil SB, Goyal A, Hejjaoui K, El Baouchi A, Gaboun F, Taghouti M, Ouhssine M, Kumar S. Impact of Terminal Heat and Combined Heat-Drought Stress on Plant Growth, Yield, Grain Size, and Nutritional Quality in Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3726. [PMID: 37960082 PMCID: PMC10650860 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea is the third most consumed pulse and provides a kit of essential nutrients for an exponential population. High temperatures and drought stress are two major abiotic stresses that cause serious effects on chickpea growth and development. The comprehension of abiotic stresses' impact on chickpea productivity and nutritional quality will permit the selection of promising genotypes. The current study aimed to assess the impact of heat and drought stresses on plant growth, grain yield and its components, grain size, and nutritional quality in chickpea. For this purpose, 43 international chickpea genotypes were evaluated under normal, heat, and combined heat-drought stress conditions. The findings revealed a significant decrease of over 50% in plant height, biological yield, and seed yield under both stress conditions. Grain size and hundred-seed weight were the most heritable traits under normal, heat, and combined heat-drought stress. Proteins were accumulated under both stresses, evolving from 20.26% for normal conditions to 22.19% for heat stress and to 21.94% for combined heat-drought stress. For minerals, significant variation between treatments was observed for Mn, Mg, and Na. Our results also showed a significant impact of genotype and genotype-environment interaction factors only on K content. Using selection indices, 22 genotypes were identified as highly tolerant to the combined heat-drought stress, while eleven genotypes were heat-tolerant. Mineral profile analysis according to the contrasting tolerance clusters revealed decreased potassium content in susceptible genotypes, indicating genetic potential in the studied chickpea collection, ensuring tolerance to both stresses while maintaining good grain quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aouatif Benali
- Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, IbnTofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco;
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat-Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat 10101, Morocco
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat 10101, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (S.B.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Noureddine El Haddad
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat 10101, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (S.B.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Somanagouda B. Patil
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat 10101, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (S.B.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Aakash Goyal
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat 10101, Morocco; (N.E.H.); (S.B.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Kamal Hejjaoui
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (K.H.)
| | - Adil El Baouchi
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (K.H.)
| | - Fatima Gaboun
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat-Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat 10101, Morocco
| | - Mouna Taghouti
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat-Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat 10101, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ouhssine
- Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, IbnTofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi 110012, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aski MS, Mishra GP, Tokkas JP, Yadav PS, Rai N, Bansal R, Singh A, Gupta S, Kumar J, Parihar A, Kumar S, Kumar V, Saxsena AK, Das TR, Kumar A, Dikshit HK. Strategies for identifying stable lentil cultivars ( Lens culinaris Medik) for combating hidden hunger, malnourishment, and climate variability. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1102879. [PMID: 37521940 PMCID: PMC10374012 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1102879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron and zinc malnutrition is a global humanitarian concern that mostly affects newborns, children, and women in low- and middle-income countries where plant-based diets are regularly consumed. This kind of malnutrition has the potential to result in a number of immediate and long-term implications, including stunted growth, an elevated risk of infectious diseases, and poor development, all of which may ultimately cause children to not develop to the fullest extent possible. A determination of the contributions from genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interactions is necessary for the production of nutrient-dense lentil varieties that offer greater availability of iron and zinc with a high level of trait stability. Understanding the genotype and environmental parameters that affect G x E (Genotype x Environment) interactions is essential for plant breeding. We used GGE(Genotype, Genotype x Environment interactions) and AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) models to study genetic stability and GE(Genotype x Environment interactions) for grain Fe, Zn, Al, and anti-nutritional factors like phytic acid content in sixteen commercially produced lentil cultivars over several different six geographical locations across India. Significant genetic variability was evident in the Fe and Zn levels of different genotypes of lentils. The amounts of grain iron, zinc, and phytic acid varied from 114.10 to 49.90 mg/kg, 74.62 to 21.90 mg/kg, and 0.76 to 2.84 g/100g (dw) respectively. The environment and GE (Genotype x Environment interactions) had an impact on the concentration of grain Fe, Zn, and phytic acid (PA). Heritability estimations ranged from low to high (53.18% to 99.48%). The study indicated strong correlation between the contents of Fe and Zn, a strategy for simultaneously increasing Fe and Zn in lentils may be recommended. In addition, our research revealed that the stable and ideal lentil varieties L4076 (Pusa Shivalik) for Fe concentration and L4717 (Pusa Ageti) for Zn content, which have lower phytic acid contents, will not only play an essential role as stable donors in the lentil bio-fortification but will also enable the expansion of the growing area of bio-fortified crops for the security of health and nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayanti P. Tokkas
- Division of Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh (CCS), Hissar Agricultural University, Hissar, Haryana, India
| | - Prachi S. Yadav
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Rai
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Krishi Bhavan, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) – Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, UP, India
| | - Ashok Parihar
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) – Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, UP, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Regional Research Station, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (JNKVV), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Saxsena
- RVSKVV-Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, College of Agriculture, Sehore, MP, India
| | - Tapas Ranjan Das
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Regional Research Station, Pusa Samastipure, Bihar, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Bihar Agricultural College, Bihar Agriculture University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bansal R, Bana RS, Dikshit HK, Srivastava H, Priya S, Kumar S, Aski MS, Kumari NKP, Gupta S, Kumar S. Seed nutritional quality in lentil ( Lens culinaris) under different moisture regimes. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1141040. [PMID: 37396135 PMCID: PMC10313473 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1141040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The world's most challenging environmental issue is climate change. Agricultural productivity and nutritional quality are both substantially threatened by extreme and unpredicted climate events. To develop climate resilient cultivars, stress tolerance along with the grain quality needs to be prioritized. Present study was planned to assess the effect of water limitation on seed quality in lentil, a cool season legume crop. A pot experiment was carried out with 20 diverse lentil genotypes grown under normal (80% field capacity) and limited (25% field capacity) soil moisture. Seed protein, Fe, Zn, phytate, protein and yield were recorded in both the conditions. Seed yield and weight were reduced by 38.9 and 12.1%, respectively, in response to stress. Seed protein, Fe, Zn, its availability as well as antioxidant properties also reduced considerably, while genotype dependent variation was noted with respect to seed size traits. Positive correlation was observed between seed yield and antioxidant activity, seed weight and Zn content and availability in stress. Based on principal component analysis and clustering, IG129185, IC559845, IC599829, IC282863, IC361417, IG334, IC560037, P8114 and L5126 were promising genotypes for seed size, Fe and protein content, while, FLIP-96-51, P3211 and IC398019 were promising for yield, Zn and antioxidant capacity. Identified lentil genotypes can be utilized as trait donors for quality improvement in lentil breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Bansal
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Swati Priya
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agriculture in Dryland Areas, Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Optimization of Solid-Phase Lactobacillus Fermentation Conditions to Increase γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Content in Selected Substrates. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to optimize conditions of solid-phase fermentation of lactic acid bacteria to enhance GABA contents in grains. Optimal solid-phase fermentation conditions that could enhance the GABA content after fermenting Oryza sativa (brown rice) were investigated by changing the Lactobacillus strain, fermentation temperature, fermentation time, and inoculated bacteria number. Avena sativa, Cicer arietinum, and red and brown Lens culinaris were then fermented using the optimal solid-phase fermentation conditions to measure changes in GABA content and antioxidant activity. As a result of the experiment, the optimal solid-phase fermentation conditions to enhance the GABA contents in grains were: fermentation time, 48 h; amounts of bacteria, inoculating 5% of 1 × 107 CFU/mL of lactic acid bacteria; and fermentation temperature, 36 °C. When fermented under this condition, the GABA content increased from 4.64 mg/g to 6.93 mg/g (49.0%) compared to unfermented raw material. The results of the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity assays confirmed that both the GABA content and radical scavenging activity were increased after fermentation. Such solid fermentation conditions developed in this study can be used to support the development of health functional food materials with enhanced GABA content and antioxidant activity.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sen Gupta D, Dutta A, Sharanagat VS, Kumar J, Kumar A, Kumar V, Souframanien J, Singh U, Biradar R, Singh A, Sewak S. Effect of growing environments on the minerals and proximate composition of urdbeans (Vigna mungo L. Hepper). J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
10
|
Hedayati S, Jafari SM, Babajafari S, Niakousari M, Mazloomi SM. Different food hydrocolloids and biopolymers as egg replacers: A review of their influences on the batter and cake quality. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
11
|
Thavarajah D, Lawrence TJ, Powers SE, Kay J, Thavarajah P, Shipe E, McGee R, Kumar S, Boyles R. Organic dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) biofortification for better human health. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261109. [PMID: 35025919 PMCID: PMC8757916 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A primary criticism of organic agriculture is its lower yield and nutritional quality compared to conventional systems. Nutritionally, dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a rich source of low digestible carbohydrates, protein, and micronutrients. This study aimed to evaluate dry pea cultivars and advanced breeding lines using on-farm field selections to inform the development of biofortified organic cultivars with increased yield and nutritional quality. A total of 44 dry pea entries were grown in two USDA-certified organic on-farm locations in South Carolina (SC), United States of America (USA) for two years. Seed yield and protein for dry pea ranged from 61 to 3833 kg ha-1 and 12.6 to 34.2 g/100 g, respectively, with low heritability estimates. Total prebiotic carbohydrate concentration ranged from 14.7 to 26.6 g/100 g. A 100-g serving of organic dry pea provides 73.5 to 133% of the recommended daily allowance (%RDA) of prebiotic carbohydrates. Heritability estimates for individual prebiotic carbohydrates ranged from 0.27 to 0.82. Organic dry peas are rich in minerals [iron (Fe): 1.9-26.2 mg/100 g; zinc (Zn): 1.1-7.5 mg/100 g] and have low to moderate concentrations of phytic acid (PA:18.8-516 mg/100 g). The significant cultivar, location, and year effects were evident for grain yield, thousand seed weight (1000-seed weight), and protein, but results for other nutritional traits varied with genotype, environment, and interactions. "AAC Carver," "Jetset," and "Mystique" were the best-adapted cultivars with high yield, and "CDC Striker," "Fiddle," and "Hampton" had the highest protein concentration. These cultivars are the best performing cultivars that should be incorporated into organic dry pea breeding programs to develop cultivars suitable for organic production. In conclusion, organic dry pea has potential as a winter cash crop in southern climates. Still, it will require selecting diverse genetic material and location sourcing to develop improved cultivars with a higher yield, disease resistance, and nutritional quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dil Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pulse Quality and Nutritional Breeding, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tristan J. Lawrence
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pulse Quality and Nutritional Breeding, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Powers
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pulse Quality and Nutritional Breeding, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joshua Kay
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pulse Quality and Nutritional Breeding, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Pushparajah Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pulse Quality and Nutritional Breeding, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Emerson Shipe
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pulse Quality and Nutritional Breeding, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rebecca McGee
- USDA Agriculture Research Service, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rick Boyles
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, PeeDee Research and Education Center, Florence, South Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dhaliwal SS, Sharma V, Shukla AK, Kaur J, Verma V, Singh P, Singh H, Abdel-Hafez SH, Sayed S, Gaber A, Ali R, Hossain A. Enrichment of Zinc and Iron Micronutrients in Lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.) through Biofortification. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247671. [PMID: 34946758 PMCID: PMC8707154 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofortification of pulse crops with Zn and Fe is a viable approach to combat their widespread deficiencies in humans. Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a widely consumed edible crop possessing a high level of Zn and Fe micronutrients. Thus, the present study was conducted to examine the influence of foliar application of Zn and Fe on productivity, concentration, uptake and the economics of lentil cultivation (LL 931). For this, different treatment combinations of ZnSO4·7H2O (0.5%) and FeSO4·7H2O (0.5%), along with the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), were applied to the lentil. The results of study reported that the combined foliar application of ZnSO4·7H2O (0.5%) + FeSO4·7H2O (0.5%) at pre-flowering (S1) and pod formation (S2) stages was most effective in enhancing grain and straw yield, Zn and Fe concentration, and uptake. However, the outcome of this treatment was statistically on par with the results obtained under the treatment ZnSO4·7H2O (0.5%) + FeSO4·7H2O (0.5%) at S1 stage. A single spray of ZnSO4·7H2O (0.5%) + FeSO4·7H2O (0.5%) at S1 stage enhanced the grain and straw yield up to 39.6% and 51.8%, respectively. Similarly, Zn and Fe concentrations showed enhancement in grain (10.9% and 20.4%, respectively) and straw (27.5% and 27.6% respectively) of the lentil. The increase in Zn and Fe uptake by grain was 54.8% and 68.0%, respectively, whereas uptake by straw was 93.6% and 93.7%, respectively. Also the benefit:cost was the highest (1.96) with application of ZnSO4·7H2O (0.5%) + FeSO4·7H2O (0.5%) at S1 stage. Conclusively, the combined use of ZnSO4·7H2O (0.5%) + FeSO4·7H2O (0.5%) at S1 stage can contribute significantly towards yield, Zn and Fe concentration, as well as uptake and the economic returns of lentil to remediate the Zn and Fe deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (J.K.); (V.V.); (P.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (J.K.); (V.V.); (P.S.); (H.S.)
| | | | - Janpriya Kaur
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (J.K.); (V.V.); (P.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Vibha Verma
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (J.K.); (V.V.); (P.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Prabhjot Singh
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (J.K.); (V.V.); (P.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Harkirat Singh
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (J.K.); (V.V.); (P.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Shams H. Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samy Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (A.H.)
| | - Reham Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Chemistry Department, Science College, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (A.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Osemwota EC, Alashi AM, Aluko RE. Comparative Study of the Structural and Functional Properties of Membrane-Isolated and Isoelectric pH Precipitated Green Lentil Seed Protein Isolates. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:694. [PMID: 34564511 PMCID: PMC8471907 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The demand for isolated seed proteins continues to increase but functionality in food systems can be greatly dependent on the extraction method. In this work, we report the physicochemical and functional properties of lentil seed proteins isolated using various protocols. Lentil flour was defatted followed by protein extraction using isoelectric pH precipitation (ISO) as well as NaOH (MEM_NaOH) and NaCl (MEM_NaCl) extractions coupled with membrane ultrafiltration. The MEM_NaCl had significantly (p < 0.05) higher protein content (90.28%) than the ISO (86.13%) and MEM_NaOH (82.55%). At pH 3-5, the ISO was less soluble (2.26-11.84%) when compared to the MEM_NaOH (25.74-27.22%) and MEM_NaCl (27.78-40.98%). However, the ISO had higher yield and protein digestibility (48.45% and 89.82%) than MEM_NaOH (35.05% and 77.87%) and MEM_NaCl (13.35% and 77.61%), respectively. Near-UV circular dichroism spectra showed that the MEM_NaOH had loose tertiary conformation at pH 3, 5, 7 and 9 while ISO and MEM_NaCl had more compact structures at pH 7 and 9. The three protein isolates formed better emulsions (lower oil droplet sizes) at pH 7 and 9 when compared to pH 3 and 5. In contrast, foaming capacity was better at pH 5 than pH 3, 7, and 9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etinosa C. Osemwota
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (E.C.O.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Adeola M. Alashi
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (E.C.O.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Rotimi E. Aluko
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; (E.C.O.); (A.M.A.)
- The Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lastras C, Revilla I, González-Martín M, Vivar-Quintana A. Prediction of fatty acid and mineral composition of lentils using near infrared spectroscopy. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
15
|
The injection of zinc sulfate into banana tree pseudostem can triple the zinc content and it is an effective method for fruit biofortification. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Nutritional and Technological Optimization of Wheat-Chickpea- Milk Powder Composite Flour and Its Impact on Rheological and Sensorial Properties of Leavened Flat Bread. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081843. [PMID: 34441620 PMCID: PMC8391890 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flour quality is influenced by the nature of the gluten and its various components. Gluten free flour made of pulses is known to enhance the nutritional quality of wheat flour. However, its addition can compromise the rheological and sensorial attributes of the bread. We used mixture design to optimize nutritional and technological qualities of a wheat-chickpea flour blend by adding milk powder as a natural organoleptic improver. A total of thirteen flour blends were prepared by incorporating 10 to 30% chickpea flour and 10 to 20% milk powder to wheat flour. Our results showed that the optimal flour blend consisted of 60% wheat, 24% chickpea, and 16% milk powder. Farinographic parameters of the optimal dough blend remained on par with those of the control dough (100% wheat flour), thereby preserving its bread-making quality. Sensory analysis of breads made from the optimal flour blend revealed no significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) from wheat flour for crumb and chewiness. Appreciation was brought to the appearance, crust, aroma, and taste in the optimized bread. This study suggests that chickpea flour can be suitably incorporated into bread wheat flour up to a percentage of 24% with 16% milk powder to produce bread with optimal nutritional quality while improving its sensory attributes and consumer acceptability.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yunus FM, Jalal C, Zello GA, Afsana K, Vandenberg A, DellaValle DM. Determination of an Acceptable Portion Size of Daal for a Bangladeshi Community-Based Iron Intervention in Adolescent Girls: A Feasibility Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:1080. [PMID: 33810220 PMCID: PMC8065999 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Widely consumed daal (lentils) in Bangladesh are an ideal vehicle for iron (Fe) fortification; however, an acceptable portion size in meals needs to be determined to carry out a community feeding study in at-risk adolescent girls. A non-randomized crossover trial was conducted with n = 100 Bangladeshi girls (12.9 ± 2.0 years of age). Two recipes (thin and thick) and three portion sizes (25 g, 37.5 g, 50 g of raw lentil) of daal were served with 250 g of cooked white rice in a counter-balanced manner over 12 weeks. Each meal was fed to participants 5 days/week for two weeks. Ratings of hunger, satiety, and palatability were measured before and after each meal using Visual Analog Scales (VAS). The thick preparation in the 37.5 g portion (~200 g cooked) elicited higher VAS ratings of hunger, satiety, and palatability compared to all other meals. The 50 g portion of the thin preparation had VAS ratings similar to those of the 37.5 g thick preparation. Consuming the 37.5 g portion of fortified daal would provide 6.9 mg Fe/day to girls in a community-based effectiveness study. This would meet ~86% and ~46% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Fe for girls aged 9-13 and 14-18 years, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fakir Md. Yunus
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada; (F.M.Y.); (G.A.Z.)
| | - Chowdhury Jalal
- Nutrition International, 180 Elgin Street, Suite 1000, Ottawa, ON K2P 2K3, Canada;
| | - Gordon A. Zello
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada; (F.M.Y.); (G.A.Z.)
| | - Kaosar Afsana
- James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, 68 Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh;
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- College of Agriculture and Bio-Resources, The University of Saskatchewan, Agriculture Building 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada;
| | - Diane M. DellaValle
- Department of Sports Medicine, King’s College, 133 N River St, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18711, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Thavarajah D, Lawrence T, Powers S, Jones B, Johnson N, Kay J, Bandaranayake A, Shipe E, Thavarajah P. Genetic variation in the prebiotic carbohydrate and mineral composition of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) adapted to an organic cropping system. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
19
|
Choukri H, Hejjaoui K, El-Baouchi A, El Haddad N, Smouni A, Maalouf F, Thavarajah D, Kumar S. Heat and Drought Stress Impact on Phenology, Grain Yield, and Nutritional Quality of Lentil ( Lens culinaris Medikus). Front Nutr 2020; 7:596307. [PMID: 33330596 PMCID: PMC7719779 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.596307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) is a protein-rich cool-season food legume with an excellent source of protein, prebiotic carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. With climate change, heat, and drought stresses have become more frequent and intense in lentil growing areas with a strong influence on phenology, grain yield, and nutritional quality. This study aimed to assess the impact of heat and drought stresses on phenology, grain yield, and nutritional quality of lentil. For this purpose, 100 lentil genotypes from the global collection were evaluated under normal, heat, and combined heat-drought conditions. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p < 0.001) among lentil genotypes for phenological traits, yield components, and grain quality traits. Under no stress conditions, mineral concentrations among lentil genotypes varied from 48 to 109 mg kg−1 for iron (Fe) and from 31 to 65 mg kg−1 for zinc (Zn), while crude protein content ranged from 22.5 to 32.0%. Iron, zinc, and crude protein content were significantly reduced under stress conditions, and the effect of combined heat-drought stress was more severe than heat stress alone. A significant positive correlation was observed between iron and zinc concentrations under both no stress and stress conditions. Based on grain yield, crude protein, and iron and zinc concentrations, lentil genotypes were grouped into three clusters following the hierarchical cluster analysis. Promising lentil genotypes with high micronutrient contents, crude protein, and grain yield with the least effect of heat and drought stress were identified as the potential donors for biofortification in the lentil breeding program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasnae Choukri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de Recherche BioBio, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kamal Hejjaoui
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de Recherche BioBio, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Adil El-Baouchi
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Noureddine El Haddad
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de Recherche BioBio, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Smouni
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Centre de Recherche BioBio, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fouad Maalouf
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Terbol, Lebanon
| | - Dil Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pulse Quality and Organic Breeding, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Foschi M, D'Archivio AA, Rossi L. Geographical discrimination and authentication of lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) by ICP-OES elemental analysis and chemometrics. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
21
|
Estimation and multi-variate analysis of iron and zinc concentration in a diverse panel of urdbean (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) genotypes grown under differing soil conditions. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
22
|
Cooked Red Lentils Dose-Dependently Modulate the Colonic Microenvironment in Healthy C57Bl/6 Male Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081853. [PMID: 31405019 PMCID: PMC6724071 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary pulses, including lentils, are protein-rich plant foods that are enriched in intestinal health-promoting bioactives, such as non-digestible carbohydrates and phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diets supplemented with cooked red lentils on the colonic microenvironment (microbiota composition and activity and epithelial barrier integrity and function). C57Bl/6 male mice were fed one of five diets: a control basal diet (BD), a BD-supplemented diet with 5, 10 or 20% cooked red lentils (by weight), or a BD-supplemented diet with 0.7% pectin (equivalent soluble fiber level as found in the 20% lentil diet). Red lentil supplementation resulted in increased: (1) fecal microbiota α-diversity; (2) abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (e.g., Prevotella, Roseburia and Dorea spp.); (3) concentrations of fecal SCFAs; (4) mRNA expression of SCFA receptors (G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR 41 and 43) and tight/adherens junction proteins (Zona Occulden-1 (ZO-1), Claudin-2, E-cadherin). Overall, 20% lentil had the greatest impact on colon health outcomes, which were in part explained by a change in the soluble and insoluble fiber profile of the diet. These results support recent public health recommendations to increase consumption of plant-based protein foods for improved health, in particular intestinal health.
Collapse
|
23
|
Thavarajah D, Siva N, Johnson N, McGee R, Thavarajah P. Effect of cover crops on the yield and nutrient concentration of organic kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala). Sci Rep 2019; 9:10374. [PMID: 31316128 PMCID: PMC6637178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46847-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kale is a leafy green vegetable regularly grown using non-organic agricultural systems. In recent years, organic kale demand has increased at near-doubling rates in the USA due to its perceived nutritional value. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of organic cover cropping systems on subsequent kale biomass production and nutrient composition (protein, mineral, and prebiotic carbohydrate concentrations) and to assess organic kale as a potential whole food source of daily essential mineral micronutrients and prebiotic carbohydrates. A single 100-g serving of fresh organic kale can provide mineral micronutrients (43-438 mg Ca; 11-60 mg Mg; 28-102 mg P; 0.5-3.3 mg Fe; 0.3-1.3 mg Mn; 1-136 µg Cu; and 0-35 µg Se) as well as 5.7-8.7 g of total prebiotic carbohydrates, including sugar alcohols (0.4-6.6 mg), simple sugars (6-1507 mg), raffinose and fructooligosaccharides (0.8-169 mg), hemicellulose (77-763 mg), lignin (0-90 mg), and unknown dietary fiber (5-6 g). Fresh organic kale has low to moderate concentrations of protein (1.3-6.0 g/100 g). Study results indicate that Starbor and Red Russian are the most suitable kale cultivars for organic production without considerable biomass and nutrient composition losses. Among the cover crops, faba bean results in the highest mineral, protein, and prebiotic carbohydrate concentrations in subsequent kale crops but ryegrass increases kale biomass production. Results also demonstrated a significant interaction between kale variety and organic cover crop with respect to biomass and nutrient concentration. Future organic nutritional breeding of kale is possible by selecting cultivars that perform well following different cover crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dil Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
| | - Niroshan Siva
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Nathan Johnson
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Rebecca McGee
- USDA Agriculture Research Service, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6434, USA
| | - Pushparajah Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yunus FM, Jalal C, Afsana K, Podder R, Vandenberg A, DellaValle DM. Iron-fortified lentils to improve iron (Fe) status among adolescent girls in Bangladesh - study protocol for a double-blind community-based randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:251. [PMID: 31046819 PMCID: PMC6498512 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lentils are generally considered to be a nutrient-dense food, and a good source of iron (Fe). This study aims to establish novel evidence of the effectiveness of the consumption of Fe-fortified lentils in improving the body Fe status and thus cognitive performance in non-pregnant adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh, compared to consumption of ordinary lentils. Methods We have designed a double-blind (both trial participants and outcome assessors), community-based, cluster-randomized controlled trial among 1260 Bangladeshi adolescent girls between the ages of 10–17 years who are non-smoking, not married, not pregnant, not breastfeeding, and generally healthy at the time of enrollment. The intervention will include three arms who will receive: (1) Fe-fortified lentils; (2) unfortified lentils; or (3) usual intake. Participants will be served a thick preparation of cooked Fe-fortified lentils (37.5 g raw lentils, approximately 200 g cooked lentils) 5 days per week for 85 feeding days (around 4 months) using a locally acceptable recipe. Lentils were fortified with Fe in the laboratory at the Department of Plant Sciences at the University of Saskatchewan in Canada. A subsample of participants (n = 360) will be randomly invited to be included in cognitive testing. Discussion Data on socio-demographic characteristics, household food security status, adolescent food habits and cognitive testing will be collected at baseline and endline (4 months). Venous blood samples will be collected at baseline, midline (2 months) and endline to measure adolescents’ Fe status. Computerized cognitive testing will include five common measures of attentional (three of attention) and mnemonic functioning (two of memory) carried out using DMDX software. The results of this study will be used to garner support for and to substantiate large-scale production and market expansion of Fe-fortified lentils, and will contribute to knowledge about how to enhance Fe status in adolescents worldwide in resource-poor settings, using staple food crops. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03516734. Registered on 24 May 2018. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-019-3309-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
25
|
Xu J, Zhang M, Bhandari B, Cao P. Microorganism control and product quality improvement of Twice-cooked pork dish using ZnO nanoparticles combined radio frequency pasteurization. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
26
|
Paucean A, Moldovan OP, Mureșan V, Socaci SA, Dulf FV, Alexa E, Man SM, Mureșan AE, Muste S. Folic acid, minerals, amino-acids, fatty acids and volatile compounds of green and red lentils. Folic acid content optimization in wheat-lentils composite flours. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:88. [PMID: 30078060 PMCID: PMC6078380 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The advanced biochemical characterisation of green, red lentil and wheat flours was performed by assessing their folic acid content as well as individual minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and volatile compounds. Moreover, a nutritionally improved wheat-lentil composite flour, with a content of 133.33 μg of folic acid/100 g, was proposed in order to assure the folic acid daily intake (200 μg) for an adult person. The wheat and lentil flours percentages used for the composite were calculated by using the equations for total material balance and folic acid content material balance. Bread was selected as model food for the composite flour due to its high daily intake (~ 250 g day-1) and to its great potential in biofortification. By this algorithm, two composite flours were developed, wheat-green lentil flour (22.21-77.79%) and wheat-red lentil flour (42.62-57.38%), their advanced biochemical characteristics being predicted based on the determined compositions of their constituents. The baking behaviour of the new developed wheat-lentils composite flours with optimised folic acid content was tested. In order to objectively compare the bread samples, texture profile analysis was considered the most relevant test. A good baking behaviour was observed for the wheat-red lentil bread, while for the wheat-green lentil composite flour, encouraging results were obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Paucean
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu P Moldovan
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vlad Mureșan
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Sonia A Socaci
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Francisc V Dulf
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ersilia Alexa
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Simona M Man
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andruţa E Mureșan
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sevastița Muste
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănăștur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kumar J, Thavarajah D, Kumar S, Sarker A, Singh NP. Analysis of genetic variability and genotype × environment interactions for iron and zinc content among diverse genotypes of lentil. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:3592-3605. [PMID: 30150818 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Deficiencies of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are major problems in developing countries especially for woman and preschool children. Biofortification of staple food crops is a sustainable approach to improve human mineral intake via daily diet. Objectives of this study were to (1) determine the genetic variability for Fe and Zn content in cultivated indigenous and exotic lentil genotypes, and (2) determine the effect of genetic (G) × environmental (E) interaction on Fe and Zn content in 96 lentil genotypes grown in India over the 2 years. Significant genetic variability was observed for Fe and Zn content in lentil genotypes. Content ranged from 71.3 to 126.2 mg/kg for Fe, and 40.1 to 63.6 mg/kg for Zn. For Fe, cultivars and parental lines (71.3-126.2 mg/kg) showed slightly higher content than the breeding lines (76.8-124.3 mg/kg). For Zn, content were similar for both cultivars and breeding lines. However, year and the genotype × year interaction were significant for both Fe and Zn. Broad sense heritability estimates were found to be 45.8, 45.4 and 40.1 for Fe; 30.0, 63.0 and 69.0 for Zn content in breeding lines, cultivars/parental lines, and exotic lines, respectively. These heritability estimates indicated the potential of these lentil genotypes towards genetic improvement for increased Fe and Zn content using hybridization and selection over several generations. Significant positive correlation of Fe content and seed weight suggested a selection strategy for developing large seeded lentil for accumulation of more Fe in the seeds. No correlation was observed between Fe and Zn content. Further, recombination of Fe and Zn content is possible by developing recombination breeding. Thus present study findings would be useful in future for mapping and tagging the genes/QTL controlling Fe and Zn content and developing the improved biofortified cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- 1Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Dil Thavarajah
- 2Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 USA
| | - Shiv Kumar
- 3Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Program, Rabats-Institute, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 6299, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- South Asia and China Regional Program, ICARDA, NASC Complex, DPS Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vandemark GJ, Grusak MA, McGee RJ. Mineral concentrations of chickpea and lentil cultivars and breeding lines grown in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
29
|
Singh A, Sharma V, Dikshit HK, Aski M, Kumar H, Thirunavukkarasu N, Patil BS, Kumar S, Sarker A. Association mapping unveils favorable alleles for grain iron and zinc concentrations in lentil (Lens culinaris subsp. culinaris). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188296. [PMID: 29161321 PMCID: PMC5697819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentil is a major cool-season grain legume grown in South Asia, West Asia, and North Africa. Populations in developing countries of these regions have micronutrient deficiencies; therefore, breeding programs should focus more on improving the micronutrient content of food. In the present study, a set of 96 diverse germplasm lines were evaluated at three different locations in India to examine the variation in iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentration and identify simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that associate with the genetic variation. The genetic variation among genotypes of the association mapping (AM) panel was characterized using a genetic distance-based and a general model-based clustering method. The model-based analysis identified six subpopulations, which satisfactorily explained the genetic structure of the AM panel. AM analysis identified three SSRs (PBALC 13, PBALC 206, and GLLC 563) associated with grain Fe concentration explaining 9% to 11% of phenotypic variation and four SSRs (PBALC 353, SSR 317-1, PLC 62, and PBALC 217) were associated with grain Zn concentration explaining 14%, to 21% of phenotypic variation. These identified SSRs exhibited consistent performance across locations. These candidate SSRs can be used in marker-assisted genetic improvement for developing Fe and Zn fortified lentil varieties. Favorable alleles and promising genotypes identified in this study can be utilized for lentil biofortification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vinay Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Punjab Agriculture University, RRS, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | | | | | - Shiv Kumar
- ICARDA, B.P. 6299, Station Experiment, INRA-Quich, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui Agdal, Rabat-Institutes, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- South Asia and China Program (ICARDA), NASC Complex, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Siva N, Thavarajah D, Johnson CR, Duckett S, Jesch ED, Thavarajah P. Can lentil ( Lens culinaris Medikus) reduce the risk of obesity? J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
31
|
Podder R, Tar'an B, Tyler RT, Henry CJ, DellaValle DM, Vandenberg A. Iron Fortification of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) to Address Iron Deficiency. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080863. [PMID: 28800117 PMCID: PMC5579656 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency is a major human health concern in areas of the world in which diets are often Fe deficient. In the current study, we aimed to identify appropriate methods and optimal dosage for Fe fortification of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) dal with FeSO4·7H2O (ferrous sulphate hepta-hydrate), NaFeEDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron (III) sodium salt) and FeSO4·H2O (ferrous sulphate mono-hydrate). We used a colorimetric method to determine the appearance of the dal fortified with fortificants at different Fe concentrations and under different storage conditions. Relative Fe bioavailability was assessed using an in vitro cell culture bioassay. We found that NaFeEDTA was the most suitable fortificant for red lentil dal, and at 1600 ppm, NaFeEDTA provides 13–14 mg of additional Fe per 100 g of dal. Lentil dal sprayed with fortificant solutions, followed by shaking and drying at 75 °C, performed best with respect to drying time and color change. Total Fe and phytic acid concentrations differed significantly between cooked unfortified and fortified lentil, ranging from 68.7 to 238.5 ppm and 7.2 to 8.0 mg g−1, respectively. The relative Fe bioavailability of cooked fortified lentil was increased by 32.2–36.6% compared to unfortified cooked lentil. We conclude that fortification of lentil dal is effective and could provide significant health benefits to dal-consuming populations vulnerable to Fe deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Podder
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Bunyamin Tar'an
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Robert T Tyler
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Carol J Henry
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada.
| | - Diane M DellaValle
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Marywood University, 2300, Adams Avenue, Scranton, PA 18509, USA.
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jarpa-Parra M, Wong L, Wismer W, Temelli F, Han J, Huang W, Eckhart E, Tian Z, Shi K, Sun T, Chen L. Quality characteristics of angel food cake and muffin using lentil protein as egg/milk replacer. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Jarpa-Parra
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Leah Wong
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Wendy Wismer
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Feral Temelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Jay Han
- Food Processing Development Centre; Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development; Leduc AB T9E 7C5 Canada
| | - Weijuan Huang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Ewelina Eckhart
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| | - Kaiyong Shi
- Wuhan Sanjiang Space Good Biotech Co., Ltd; Suizhou Hubei 432700 China
| | - Tianwei Sun
- Wuhan Sanjiang Space Good Biotech Co., Ltd; Suizhou Hubei 432700 China
| | - L. Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dermience M, Mathieu F, Li XW, Vandevijvere S, Claus W, De Maertelaer V, Dufourny G, Bin L, Yangzom D, Lognay G. Minerals and Trace Elements Intakes and Food Consumption Patterns of Young Children Living in Rural Areas of Tibet Autonomous Region, P.R. China: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2017; 5:E12. [PMID: 28257043 PMCID: PMC5371918 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare5010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Several studies revealed clinical signs of stunting and rickets among rural populations of Tibet Autonomous Region (T.A.R.), and especially amid children. Further, these populations are affected by a bone disease named Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). However, little is known about the dietary status of this population. This survey aimed to assess the usual intakes of young Tibetan children living in rural areas around Lhasa for energy, water, and ten minerals and trace elements (Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se) involved in bone metabolism. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was designed. Totally, 250 pre-school children aged 3-5 years living in rural areas were enrolled. The 24-h food recall method was used to collect the intakes for two days, during two different seasons (September 2012 and April 2013). Because Tibetan foods are mainly derived from local agriculture and artisanal production, a combination of food composition tables was compiled, including specific and local food composition data. RESULTS The Chinese dietary recommended intakes are not met for most of the elements investigated. Intake of sodium is much too high, while usual intakes are too low for K, Ca, Zn, Cu, and Se. Bioavailability of Ca, Fe, and Zn may be of concern due to the high phytic acid content in the diet. CONCLUSION These nutrient imbalances may impact growth and bone metabolism of young Tibetan children. The advantages of the implementation of food diversification programs are discussed as well as the relevance of supplements distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dermience
- Analytical chemistry, Gembloux Agro Bio Tech-University of Liege, Passage des Deportes, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Françoise Mathieu
- Kashin-Beck Disease Fund Asbl-Vzw, Rue de l'Aunee, 6, B-6953 Forrieres, Belgium.
| | - Xiao Wei Li
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Panjiayuan Nanli, 7, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China.
| | | | - William Claus
- Kashin-Beck Disease Fund Asbl-Vzw, Rue de l'Aunee, 6, B-6953 Forrieres, Belgium.
| | - Viviane De Maertelaer
- SBIM and Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moleculaire, Free University of Brussels, route de Lennik, 808, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ghislaine Dufourny
- CIRIHA, Haute Ecole Lucia de Brouckere, Avenue Emile Gryzon, 1, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Li Bin
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention-North Lin Kuo Road 21, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | - Dechen Yangzom
- Kashin-Beck Disease Foundation, Gakyiling Hotel, Tuanjie Xincun, Sera Road, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | - Georges Lognay
- Analytical chemistry, Gembloux Agro Bio Tech-University of Liege, Passage des Deportes, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Towards Zinc Biofortification in Chickpea: Performance of Chickpea Cultivars in Response to Soil Zinc Application. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy7010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
35
|
Jarpa-Parra M, Tian Z, Temelli F, Zeng H, Chen L. Understanding the stability mechanisms of lentil legumin-like protein and polysaccharide foams. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
36
|
Mineral micronutrient and prebiotic carbohydrate profiles of USA-grown kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala). J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
37
|
Kumar J, Gupta DS, Kumar S, Gupta S, Singh NP. Current Knowledge on Genetic Biofortification in Lentil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6383-96. [PMID: 27507630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiency in the human body, popularly known as "hidden hunger", causes many health problems. It presently affects >2 billion people worldwide, especially in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Biofortification of food crop varieties is one way to combat the problem of hidden hunger using conventional plant breeding and transgenic methods. Lentils are rich sources of protein, micronutrients, and vitamins including iron, zinc, selenium, folates, and carotenoids. Lentil genetic resources including germplasm and wild species showed genetic variability for these traits. Studies revealed that a single serving of lentils could provide a significant amount of the recommended daily allowance of micronutrients and vitamins for adults. Therefore, lentils have been identified as a food legume for biofortification, which could provide a whole food solution to the global micronutrient malnutrition. The present review discusses the current ongoing efforts toward genetic biofortification in lentils using classical breeding and molecular marker-assisted approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| | - Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Institutes , B.P. 6299, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- AICRP on MULLaRP, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208024, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ancuceanu R, Dinu M, Hovaneţ MV, Anghel AI, Popescu CV, Negreş S. A Survey of Plant Iron Content-A Semi-Systematic Review. Nutrients 2015; 7:10320-51. [PMID: 26690470 PMCID: PMC4690087 DOI: 10.3390/nu7125535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential mineral nutrient for all living organisms, involved in a plurality of biological processes. Its deficit is the cause of the most common form of anemia in the world: iron deficiency anemia (IDA). This paper reviews iron content in various parts of 1228 plant species and its absorption from herbal products, based on data collected from the literature in a semi-systematic manner. Five hundred genera randomly selected from the Angiosperms group, 215 genera from the Pteridophytes groups and all 95 Gymnosperm genera as listed in the Plant List version 1.1 were used as keywords together with the word "iron" in computerized searches. Iron data about additional genera returned by those searches were extracted and included in the analysis. In total, iron content values for a number of 1228 species, 5 subspecies, and 5 varieties were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to compare iron contents in various plant parts (whole plant, roots, stems, shoots, leaves, aerial parts, flowers, fruits, seeds, wood, bark, other parts) and exploratory analyses by taxonomic groups and life-forms were carried out. The absorption and potential relevance of herbal iron for iron supplementation are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ancuceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 20956, Romania.
| | - Mihaela Dinu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 20956, Romania.
| | - Marilena Viorica Hovaneţ
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 20956, Romania.
| | - Adriana Iuliana Anghel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 20956, Romania.
| | - Carmen Violeta Popescu
- Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Parasitology, "Vasile Goldis" Western University, Arad; S.C. Hofigal S.A, Bucharest 042124, Romania.
| | - Simona Negreş
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 20956, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Migliozzi M, Thavarajah D, Thavarajah P, Smith P. Lentil and Kale: Complementary Nutrient-Rich Whole Food Sources to Combat Micronutrient and Calorie Malnutrition. Nutrients 2015; 7:9285-98. [PMID: 26569296 PMCID: PMC4663599 DOI: 10.3390/nu7115471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a nutritious food and a staple for millions of people. Not only are lentils a good source of energy, they also contain a range of micronutrients and prebiotic carbohydrates. Kale (Brassica oleracea v. acephala) has been considered as a health food, but its full range of benefits and composition has not been extensively studied. Recent studies suggest that foods are enrich in prebiotic carbohydrates and dietary fiber that can potentially reduce risks of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Lentil and kale added to a cereal-based diet would enhance intakes of essential minerals and vitamins to combat micronutrient malnutrition. This review provides an overview of lentil and kale as a complementary nutrient-rich whole food source to combat global malnutrition and calorie issues. In addition, prebiotic carbohydrate profiles and the genetic potential of these crops for further micronutrient enrichment are briefly discussed with respect to developing sustainable and nutritious food systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Migliozzi
- Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Dil Thavarajah
- Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Pushparajah Thavarajah
- Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
- International College Beijing, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 10083, China.
| | - Powell Smith
- Department of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 270 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
- CUCES-Lexington County, 605 W. Main St. Ste. 109, Lexington, SC 29072, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chan YS, Yu H, Xia L, Ng TB. Lectin from green speckled lentil seeds (Lens culinaris) triggered apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. Chin Med 2015; 10:25. [PMID: 26357525 PMCID: PMC4563850 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-015-0057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The green speckled lentil seed (Lens culinaris) lectin (GSLL) exhibits hemagglutinating activity, and possesses some properties distinct from those of other lentil lectins (e.g., molecular size, biological activities) that deserve further investigation.
This study aims to investigate the basic properties (e.g., molecular size, amino acid sequence, sugar specificity) and biological activities (e.g., antiproliferative activity) of GSLL. Methods GSLL was purified by successive fractionation on SP-Sepharose, Affi-gel blue gel, Mono Q, and Superdex 75. The biochemical properties of GSLL were investigated by SDS-PAGE, mass spectrometry, N-terminal amino acid sequencing, and sugar inhibition tests. For the biological activities, purified lyophilized GSLL was sterilized, adjusted to concentrations from 1 to 0 mg/mL (by twofold serial dilution) in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium with fetal bovine serum, and examined by using the MTT assay, flow cytometry, and western blotting after treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 and CNE2 cell lines with the lectin. Results GSLL appeared as a 21-kDa band in non-reducing SDS-PAGE. It was composed of two subunits with molecular sizes of 17 and ~4 kDa. It exhibited specificity in binding to glucose and mannose, as well as glucosides and mannosides. Mass spectrometry and N-terminal amino acid sequencing revealed similarity of GSLL to L. culinaris lectin (LcL), especially higher coverage of the β-chain of LcL. A 48-h treatment with GSLL exerted antiproliferative effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 and CNE2 cell lines with significant inhibition at 0.125 mg/mL (P < 0.001) and 1 mg/mL (P = 0.004), respectively, and these effects were attenuated in the presence of glucose and mannose. GSLL induced apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE1 cells, with detectable phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial depolarization, and cell cycle arrest. Western blot analysis suggested that GSLL triggered the extrinsic apoptotic pathway involving caspase 3, 8, and 9 in CNE1 cells. Conclusion GSLL possessed some different properties from LcL (e.g., lower pI), and increased caspase 3, 8, and 9 activity in CNE1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yau Sang Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060 Shenzhen, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Lo Kwee Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Huang D, Dai W. Two iron-regulated transporter (IRT) genes showed differential expression in poplar trees under iron or zinc deficiency. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 186-187:59-67. [PMID: 26373309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Two iron-regulated transporter (IRT) genes were cloned from the iron chlorosis resistant (PtG) and susceptible (PtY) Populus tremula 'Erecta' lines. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed no significant difference between PtG and PtY. The predicted proteins contain a conserved ZIP domain with 8 transmembrane (TM) regions. A ZIP signature sequence was found in the fourth TM domain. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PtIRT1 was clustered with tomato and tobacco IRT genes that are highly responsible to iron deficiency. The PtIRT3 gene was clustered with the AtIRT3 gene that was related to zinc and iron transport in plants. Tissue specific expression indicated that PtIRT1 only expressed in the root, while PtIRT3 constitutively expressed in all tested tissues. Under iron deficiency, the expression of PtIRT1 was dramatically increased and a significantly higher transcript level was detected in PtG than in PtY. Iron deficiency also enhanced the expression of PtIRT3 in PtG. On the other hand, zinc deficiency down-regulated the expression of PtIRT1 and PtIRT3 in both PtG and PtY. Zinc accumulated significantly under iron-deficient conditions, whereas the zinc deficiency showed no significant effect on iron accumulation. A yeast complementation test revealed that the PtIRT1 and PtIRT3 genes could restore the iron uptake ability under the iron uptake-deficiency condition. The results will help understand the mechanisms of iron deficiency response in poplar trees and other woody species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danqiong Huang
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Wenhao Dai
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Krohn RM, Lemaire M, Negro Silva LF, Lemarié C, Bolt A, Mann KK, Smits JE. High-selenium lentil diet protects against arsenic-induced atherosclerosis in a mouse model. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 27:9-15. [PMID: 26500064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death worldwide, and arsenic (As) intake, mainly through drinking water, is a well-known risk factor for CVD as well as other health problems. Selenium (Se) is a known antagonist to As toxicity. OBJECTIVE We tested the potential of high-Se lentils from the Canadian prairies as a therapeutic food to alter the outcome of As-enhanced atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male ApoE(-/-) mice exposed to a moderate level of As (200ppb) in their drinking water, and control mice on tap water received one of three lentil diets: Se-deficient (0.009mg/kg), Se-adequate (0.16mg/kg) or Se-high (0.3mg/kg). After 13weeks, lesion formation in the aortic arch and sinus were assessed. Intralesional cellular composition, serum lipid levels and hepatic oxidative stress were assessed as well. RESULTS Arsenic-exacerbated plaque formation was reduced in the sinus and completely abolished in the aortic arch of mice on the Se-fortified lentil diet, whereas lesions were increased in As-exposed mice on both the Se-deficient and Se-adequate diets. Notably, Se deficiency contributed to proatherogenic composition of serum lipids in As-exposed mice as indicated by high-density lipoprotein:low-density lipoprotein. At least adequate Se status was crucial for counteracting As-induced oxidative stress. CONCLUSION This study is the first to show the potential of high-Se lentils to protect against As-triggered atherosclerosis, and this invites further investigations in human populations at risk from As contamination of their drinking water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina M Krohn
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
| | - Maryse Lemaire
- Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Luis F Negro Silva
- Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Catherine Lemarié
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Alicia Bolt
- Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Koren K Mann
- Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Judit E Smits
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mineral and phenolic concentrations of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] grown in semi-arid tropical India. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
45
|
Processing, cooking, and cooling affect prebiotic concentrations in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus). J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
46
|
Amarakoon D, Thavarajah D, Sen Gupta D, McPhee K, DeSutter T, Thavarajah P. Genetic and environmental variation of seed iron and food matrix factors of North-Dakota-grown field peas (Pisum sativum L.). J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
47
|
Zhang B, Deng Z, Tang Y, Chen PX, Liu R, Ramdath DD, Liu Q, Hernandez M, Tsao R. Effect of domestic cooking on carotenoids, tocopherols, fatty acids, phenolics, and antioxidant activities of lentils (Lens culinaris). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:12585-12594. [PMID: 25474757 DOI: 10.1021/jf504181r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in lipophilic and hydrophilic (extractable and bound) fractions of lentils before and after domestic cooking were investigated. The hydrophilic fractions in lentils contributed much more to the antioxidant activity than the lipophilic fraction. The phenolic content of lentils was mainly composed of extractable compounds. Significant changes (P < 0.05) in carotenoid, tocopherol, total phenolic, and condensed tannin contents of both extractable and bound phenolics fractions, as well as in antioxidant activities, were found in lentils before and after cooking. More specifically, cooking was found to favor the release of carotenoids and tocopherols and flavonols (kaempferol glycosides), but led to losses of flavanols (monomeric and condensed tannin). Whereas reduced flavanols and other phenolic compounds may have negatively affected the antioxidant activity, other components, especially the lipophilic antioxidants, were increased. The present study suggests that incorporation of cooked lentils into the diet will not cause significant loss to the phytochemical antioxidants and thus will retain the potential health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang B, Deng Z, Tang Y, Chen P, Liu R, Ramdath DD, Liu Q, Hernandez M, Tsao R. Fatty acid, carotenoid and tocopherol compositions of 20 Canadian lentil cultivars and synergistic contribution to antioxidant activities. Food Chem 2014; 161:296-304. [PMID: 24837953 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the profile of lipophilic phytochemicals in lentils is necessary to better understand the health benefits of lentils. The fatty acid, carotenoid and tocopherol compositions and antioxidant activities of the lipophilic extracts of 20 lentil cultivars (10 red and 10 green) were therefore examined. Lentils contained 1.52-2.95% lipids, of which 77.5-81.7% were unsaturated essential fatty acids. Total tocopherols ranged from 37 to 64μg/g DW, predominantly γ-tocopherol (96-98% of the tocopherol content), followed by δ- and α-tocopherol. trans-Lutein was the primary and major carotenoid (64-78%) followed by trans-zeaxanthin (5-13%). Carotenoids and tocopherols showed weak correlation with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity (r=0.4893 and 0.3259, respectively), but good correlation when combined (r=0.6688), suggesting they may act synergistically. Carotenoids were found to contribute the most to the strong antioxidant activity measured by photochemiluminescence (PCL) assay. Results from this study contribute to the development of lentil cultivars and related functional foods with increased health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Yao Tang
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition & Safety (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Peter Chen
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; Department of Food Science, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - D Dan Ramdath
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Qiang Liu
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Marta Hernandez
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Doehlert DC, Simsek S, Thavarajah D, Thavarajah P, Ohm JB. Detailed Composition Analyses of Diverse Oat Genotype Kernels Grown in Different Environments in North Dakota. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-09-12-0111-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C. Doehlert
- USDA-ARS Hard Red Spring and Durum Wheat Quality Laboratory, Harris Hall, North Dakota State University, Dept. 7640, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, U.S.A. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture
| | - Senay Simsek
- Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Dept. 7670, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, U.S.A
- Corresponding author. Phone: (701) 231-7737. Fax: (701) 231-7723. E-mail:
| | - Dil Thavarajah
- School of Food Systems, Harris Hall, North Dakota State University, Dept. 7640, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, U.S.A
| | - Pushparajah Thavarajah
- School of Food Systems, Harris Hall, North Dakota State University, Dept. 7640, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, U.S.A
| | - Jae-Bom Ohm
- USDA-ARS Hard Red Spring and Durum Wheat Quality Laboratory, Harris Hall, North Dakota State University, Dept. 7640, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, U.S.A. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sen Gupta D, Thavarajah D, Knutson P, Thavarajah P, McGee RJ, Coyne CJ, Kumar S. Lentils (Lens culinaris L.), a rich source of folates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:7794-9. [PMID: 23865478 DOI: 10.1021/jf401891p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The potential for genetic biofortification of U.S.-grown lentils ( Lens culinaris L.) with bioavailable folate has not been widely studied. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the folate concentration of 10 commercial lentil cultivars grown in Minot and McLean counties, North Dakota, USA, in 2010 and 2011, (2) to determine the genotype (G) × environmental (E) interactions for folate concentration in lentil cultivars, and (3) to compare the folate concentration of other pulses [field peas ( Pisum sativum L.) and chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.)] grown in the United States. Folate concentration in lentil cultivars ranged from 216 to 290 μg/100 g with a mean of 255 μg/100 g. In addition, lentil showed higher folate concentration compared to chickpea (42-125 μg/100 g), yellow field pea (41-55 μg/100 g), and green field pea (50-202 μg/100 g). A 100 g serving of lentils could provide a significant amount of the recommended daily allowance of dietary folates (54-73%) for adults. A significant year × location interaction on lentil folate concentration was observed; this indicates that possible location sourcing may be required for future lentil folate research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debjyoti Sen Gupta
- School of Food Systems, Department 7640, 223 Harris Hall, North Dakota State University , P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|