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Alqahtani R, Pringle A. The general impact of self-stigma of mental illness on adult patients with depressive disorders: a systematic review. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:432. [PMID: 38918754 PMCID: PMC11200989 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental illness stigma is often common among mentally ill patients. This stigma can come from others or the patients themselves, which is called 'self-stigma'. The present study explored the widespread impacts of self-stigma on adult patients with depression. Additionally, this review compared the severity of self-stigma levels among psychiatric disorders and to review and update thoughts about self-stigma of depression. METHODS An etiology and risk systematic review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) approach as a guideline. The search process was performed via research databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL. The inclusion criteria are studies include participants diagnosed with depressive disorders, both genders, participants' exposure to mental illness self-stigma, participants' experience of self-stigma consequences and any geographical site or clinical settings are included, the type of the included studies must be observational studies. The included studies were limited to the English language studies that were published from 2016 and onwards. Patients with depression under the age of eighteen and patients diagnosed with multiple mental illnesses were excluded. The JBI critical appraisal checklist were adopted to assess the risk of bias. RESULTS In December 2022, a comprehensive search yielded eight cross-sectional studies that were included in this systematic review, involving a total of 783 patients diagnosed with depression, and 28 studies were excluded for not fulfilling the inclusion criteria of the review. The findings were extracted and synthesized through textual narrative synthesis into three main categories negatively affected by self-stigma of depression. These are: (1) the impact on the quality of life, (2) the impact on self-esteem and (3) the impact on self-worth. Moreover, in regard to the comparison of self-stigma levels among psychiatric disorders, self-stigma for people with schizophrenia was higher than self-stigma of depression. CONCLUSION Self-stigma of depression has negatively impacted multiple aspects of the patient's life. Thus, the review brings the following recommendations: increase community awareness, educate the healthcare providers, include the topic of mental illness stigma in academic curriculums. The main limitation of the review is the limited number of included studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION The research proposal for this review has been registered to Prospero (ID number: CRD42022366555).
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Affiliation(s)
- Refah Alqahtani
- Faculty of Nursing and Applied Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alan Pringle
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Nottingham University, Nottingham City, UK
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Şanlı ME, Yıldız A, Ekingen E, Yıldırım M. Comparison of stress, anxiety and depression levels of health, education and security sector employees: The effect of psychological resilience. Stress Health 2024:e3425. [PMID: 38779880 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study compared the stress, anxiety and depression levels in employees working in the health, education and security sectors. The study also investigated the effect of psychological resilience on stress, anxiety, and depression levels and whether the stress, anxiety, depression and psychological resilience levels of employees differ according to occupational and demographic variables. In this cross-sectional study, 1222 employees participated, comprising 50.8% from the health sector, 37.7% from education, and 11.5% from security. Data were collected using the Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Scale-21 and the Brief Resilience Scale. The study revealed varying rates of severe stress (49.1%), anxiety (74.0%), and depression (53.2%) among participants. Health employees experienced higher stress (52.1%), anxiety (77.0%), and depression (58%) rates compared to those in education (46.4%, 72.4%, and 48.4%) and security sectors (44.3%, 66.4%, and 48.5%). Health employees exhibited higher stress, anxiety, and depression levels, signifying a significant difference. Furthermore, the research identified psychological resilience as a crucial predictor of stress, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, these mental health issues were more prevalent among younger individuals with less work experience, females, private sector employees, singles, and those without children. The findings of the study showed that the level of stress, anxiety and depression was high in employees working in all three sectors (health, education and security), but mental problems were more common in health employees. The fact that psychological resilience is a significant predictor of stress, anxiety and depression levels indicates that this factor should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Şanlı
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational Higher School of Health Services, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yıldız
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Erhan Ekingen
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Murat Yıldırım
- Department of Psychology, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
- Department of Social and Educational Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Odah M, Ewis A, Alkudaysi FM, Alhasani T, Alessi AA, AlKudaysi YMY, Alfaqih KAM, Alfaqih MAO, Almatrafi AA, Nmnkani AZ, Alzubaidi AS, Alothman AO, Alnashri AS, Almathami MM. Prevalence of Depression Among the Adult Population in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional, Community-Based Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e56081. [PMID: 38618376 PMCID: PMC11010174 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, which is increasing globally with higher prevalence among women. Many factors contribute to the etiology and risk factors for depression, including biological and psychosocial factors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression among the adult population in Al-Qunfudah governorate, southwestern Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 1036 participants among adults in Al-Qunfudah governorate, southwestern SA, using a validated Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) during the period from October 1st, 2022 to the end of December 2022. The PHQ-9 contains nine items, with a total score ranging from 0 to 27. A score of 1-4 represented minimal depression, while a score of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represented mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. The sample size was estimated to be 375 participants, by considering a margin of error of 5%, and a 95% confidence interval, calculated using Raosoft calculator (Raosoft Inc., Seattle, WA). Data collection was performed through an online survey of the PHQ-9 on a Google form and distributed using different social media platforms. The eligible participants' responses were kept confidential and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22 (Released 2013; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). p-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The study showed that the overall prevalence of depression among the 1036 adult study participants was 68.1%. Mild, moderate, moderate to severe, and severe depression was diagnosed among 28.2%, 21.9%, 12%, and 6% of the participants, respectively. Several factors were significantly associated with PHQ-9 diagnosed depression including being younger (p<0.0001), a female (p<0.0001), single (p<0.0001), a student (p<0.0001), and non-employed (p<0.0001) and having a lower educational level (p<0.0001). Conclusions There is a high prevalence rate of depression among the adult population of Al-Qunfudah governorate in southwestern SA, which highlights the need for interventions to address this issue, and to reduce the incidence of depression in the region among the high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosad Odah
- Biochemistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | - Ashraf Ewis
- Public Health, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | - Fuad M Alkudaysi
- Pediatrics, South Al-Qunfudah General Hospital, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | - Turki Alhasani
- Pediatrics, Khamis Mushayt Maternity and Children Hospital, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | - Awad A Alessi
- General Practice, Al-Sharqia Primary Health Center, Ministry of Health, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | - Amjad Z Nmnkani
- Medicine and Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | | | | | - Amer S Alnashri
- Medicine and Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
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Sandler I, Tein JY, Zhang N, Wolchik SA. Developmental Pathways of the Family Bereavement Program to Prevent Major Depression 15 Years Later. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 62:1233-1244. [PMID: 36898606 PMCID: PMC10485172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the developmental pathways through which the Family Bereavement Program (FBP) reduces major depression and generalized anxiety disorder 15 years later. METHOD A randomized trial of the FBP included 5 assessments, at pretest, posttest (98% retention), and follow-ups at 11 months (90% retention), 6 years (89% retention), and 15 years (80% retention) following the program. Participants included 244 children and adolescents (from 156 families) 8 to 16 years of age who were randomly assigned to the FBP (135 children/adolescents, 90 families), a 12-session program that included a caregiver component and a child/adolescent component or a literature comparison condition (109 children/adolescents, 66 families). In-home interviews assessed mediators directly targeted for change at post-test and 11 months (eg, parenting and coping); 6-year theoretical mediators (ie, internalizing problems, aversive views of the self) and 15-year children's/adolescents' major depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Data analysis tested 3 path mediation models in which FBP effects at post-test and 11 months led to effects on 6-year theoretical mediators, which in turn lad to reductions in major depression and generalized anxiety disorder at 15 years. RESULTS The FBP had a significant effect on reducing the prevalence of major depression (odds ratio = 0.332, p < .01) at 15 years. Significant 3-path mediation models found that multiple variables that were targeted by the caregiver and child components of the FBP at post-test and 11 months mediated FBP effects on depression at 15 years through their impact on aversive self-views and internalizing problems at 6 years. CONCLUSION The findings support the 15-year impact of the Family Bereavement Program on major depression and for maintaining components of the FBP that affect aspects of parenting and children's coping, grief, and self-regulation as the program is disseminated. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION 6-Year Follow-up of a Prevention Program for Bereaved Families; https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT01008189. DIVERSITY & INCLUSION STATEMENT We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. We actively worked to promote inclusion of historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science in our author group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Na Zhang
- University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut
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O'Shields JD, Graves BD, Mowbray OP. Sex differences in childhood maltreatment, inflammation, and adulthood depression: A network analysis. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 29:100611. [PMID: 36937648 PMCID: PMC10017358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Efforts to improve treatment for adults with major depression (MD) and childhood maltreatment (CM) have identified inflammation as a potential target to improve health. Network models have emerged as a new way to understand the relationship between depressive symptoms and inflammation. However, none have accounted for the role of childhood maltreatment in the link between depressive symptoms and inflammation, or sex differences commonly found in these constructs. Methods Data from two waves of the Midlife Development in the United States study were used in this study (N = 1917). The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and six inflammation markers served as nodes in an undirected psychometric network analysis. Edges between nodes were calculated using partial Spearman's correlation. Separate networks were modeled for males and females. Results The total network revealed several associations between nodes of CM, MD, and inflammation, with emotional abuse having a strong association with somatic complaints. Network comparison testing revealed male-female network invariance, with several edge differences between male and female networks. Males and females showed differences in associations across inflammatory markers and depressive symptom clusters, particularly among somatic complaints and interpersonal difficulties. Conclusions Specific associations between dimensions of inflammation, CM, and MD may represent important targets for treatment. Network models disaggregated by sex showed that males and females may have fundamentally different associations between these constructs, suggesting that future studies should consider sex-specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay D. O'Shields
- Corresponding author. University of Georgia, School of Social Work, 279 Williams Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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Mishra N, Singh P. Community-Based Intervention Targeting Depressive Symptomatology in Indian Women: An Exploration of Its Efficacy in a Non-Specialized Healthcare Setting. Community Ment Health J 2023; 59:999-1012. [PMID: 36587370 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-022-01083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Depressive symptomatology casts a more adverse impact on the well-being of women in countries with unfavourable societal norms. The prevalence of depressive symptomatology in Indian women and the treatment gap in case of mental health issues are alarming and thus may require interventions at a community level. The present study tested the efficacy of a psychosocial community-based intervention in managing depressive symptomatology and associated factors like rumination, reappraisal, psychological resilience, and self-efficacy using a pre-test post-test control group design. A total of 114 (Mage=23.03, SD = 5.29) and 37 (Mage=24.89, SD = 6.44) adult females were there in the experimental and the control group, respectively. A series of ANOVAs showed that participants' scores on depressive symptomatology and associated vulnerabilities and defences improved as compared to the baseline and the control group. The findings support the use of psychosocial community-based intervention in a non-specialized healthcare setting to manage depressive symptomatology, associated vulnerability and defences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Mishra
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India.
| | - Parwinder Singh
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India
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Hosozawa M, Cable N, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Endo K, Usami S, Nakanishi M, Niimura J, Nakajima N, Baba K, Oikawa N, Stanyon D, Suzuki K, Miyashita M, Iso H, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Kasai K, Nishida A. Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2022; 16:107. [PMID: 36544216 PMCID: PMC9769463 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-022-00545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent loneliness is a growing public health issue owing to its adverse health impact. Although adolescent loneliness is common, its trajectories can show distinct patterns over time. However, there is limited knowledge regarding their determinants, particularly for chronic loneliness. We aimed to determine the predictors of loneliness trajectories across early-to-mid adolescence and examine their association with later suicidality. METHODS Data were collected from 3165 participants from the population-based Tokyo Teen Cohort. Participants reported their loneliness at 10, 12, 14, and 16 years. Loneliness trajectories were identified using latent class growth analysis. We examined the predictive role of bullying victimization and parental psychological distress at age 10 via a multinomial logistic regression. Sociodemographic and child-related factors (i.e., chronic health conditions and cognitive delay) were included as covariates. The association between the trajectories, self-harm, and suicidal ideation by age 16 was investigated using Poisson regression. RESULTS Four trajectories were identified: "consistently low" (2448, 77.3%), "moderate-decreasing" (185, 5.8%), "moderate-increasing" (508, 16.1%), and "consistently high" (24, 0.8%). Taking "consistently low" as a reference, experiences of bullying victimization predicted all the remaining trajectories [adjusted relative risk ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.28 for "moderate-decreasing," 1.88, 1.52-2.33 for "moderate-increasing," and 4.57, 1.97-10.59 for "consistently high"]. Parental psychological distress predicted the "moderate-increasing" (1.84, 1.25-2.71) and "consistently high" (5.07, 1.78-14.42) trajectories. The "consistently high" trajectory showed the greatest risk for self-harm and suicidal ideation (adjusted relative risk ratio 6.01, 95% CI 4.40-8.22; 2.48, 1.82-3.37, respectively); however, the "moderate-increasing" and "moderate-decreasing" trajectories were also at increased risk (moderate-increasing: 2.71, 2.23-3.30 for self-harm, 1.93, 1.69-2.19 for suicidal ideation; moderate-decreasing: 2.49, 1.91-3.26 for self-harm, 1.59, 1.33-1.91 for suicidal ideation). CONCLUSIONS Bullying victimization and parental psychological distress at age 10 were independent determinants of increased and chronic loneliness trajectories across early-to-mid adolescence. Compared with "consistently low," all other loneliness trajectories were associated with an increased risk of adolescent suicidality. Interventions targeting adolescent loneliness should include approaches to mitigate bullying and parental psychological distress. These strategies may help prevent adolescent suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Hosozawa
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Noriko Cable
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ando
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Endo
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Usami
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miharu Nakanishi
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Niimura
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakajima
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Baba
- grid.419588.90000 0001 0318 6320Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke’s International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Oikawa
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daniel Stanyon
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- grid.263518.b0000 0001 1507 4692Department of Community Mental Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Miyashita
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa
- grid.275033.00000 0004 1763 208XDepartment of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for the Advanced Studies, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XThe International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Research Center for Social Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang X, Memon AA, Palmér K, Hedelius A, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Role of multiple risk factors in mental disorders diagnosed in middle-aged women: A population-based follow-up study. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 156:414-421. [PMID: 36323144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the study were 1). to investigate the association between the potential risk factors including socio-demographic, lifestyle and DNA methylation and mental disorders in middle-aged women from a large population-based follow-up study, and 2). to estimate the risk score by combining the potential risk factors to examine the mental disorder's incidence. A total of 6461 women, aged 50-65 years, were included in the study. After a median follow-up of 17 years, 2026 (31%) women were diagnosed with mental disorders. The association between these factors and the risk of mental disorders was analyzed using Cox regression models. Harrell's concordance index (C-index) was used to quantify models' predictive performance for future mental disorders. Blood-based global DNA methylation was assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that smoking (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.24-1.54), less physical activity (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10-1.60), being single (HR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.29) and unemployment (HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.33-1.70) were independently associated with an increased risk of overall mental disorders. Risk score models combining all these observed factors showed an increased risk, but the prediction ability was low, except for the risk of alcohol use disorders (AUD) and drug use disorders (DUD) (C-index = 0.8). Finally, women who developed MDD/anxiety during follow-up had significantly higher global DNA methylation at baseline than women who did not develop MDD/anxiety (p = 0.005). In conclusion, our results indicate that the studied risk factors were associated with mental disorders in a type-specific manner. The predictive model showed that smoking, alcohol consumption, education and physical activity may predict future AUD/DUD. Global DNA methylation may be a potential risk factor for MDD/anxiety incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden.
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Karolina Palmér
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Anna Hedelius
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, 20502, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Japan
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Rowley M, Topciu R, Owens M. A Systematic Review of Mechanisms Underpinning Psychological Change Following Nature Exposure in an Adolescent Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12649. [PMID: 36231949 PMCID: PMC9566701 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to identify mechanisms of psychological change following exposure to nature within an adolescent population. Keyword searches within Scopus, PsychINFO and Web of Science were carried out to include articles published by 14 September 2021. Records were reviewed in line with inclusion criteria: samples with an average age of 24 and under, exposure to nature vs. control using an experimental or quasi-experimental design and outcomes of mental health and psychological status. The review resulted in 27 papers that were assessed for methodological quality and manually searched for mediation analyses. A range of psychological outcomes were identified and grouped into 10 categories: Mood and Affect, Mental Health, Wellbeing, Perceived Restoration, Stress, Energy, Cognitive Functioning, Resilience, Self-Concept and Pro-Social Behaviour. Only one formal mediation analysis was reported, highlighting a mediating role of belonging in increases in resilience. Limitations include the majority use of university student samples and over half of the papers being of low methodological quality. No firm conclusions on key mechanisms in an adolescent population were made due to insufficient evidence of mediating variables. The development of methodologically rigorous experimental studies with the inclusion of statistical pathway modelling is needed to test and specify plausible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Rowley
- CEDAR (Clinical Education Development and Research), University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QQ, UK
- The ROWAN Group, Exeter EX4 4QQ, UK
- Somerset Foundation Trust NHS, Taunton TA1 5DA, UK
| | - Raluca Topciu
- CEDAR (Clinical Education Development and Research), University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QQ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QQ, UK
| | - Matthew Owens
- The ROWAN Group, Exeter EX4 4QQ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QQ, UK
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Ronaldson A, Arias de la Torre J, Gaughran F, Bakolis I, Hatch SL, Hotopf M, Dregan A. Prospective associations between vitamin D and depression in middle-aged adults: findings from the UK Biobank cohort. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1866-1874. [PMID: 33081855 PMCID: PMC9340850 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A possible role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of depression is currently speculative, with more rigorous research needed to assess this association in large adult populations. The current study assesses prospective associations between vitamin D status and depression in middle-aged adults enrolled in the UK Biobank. METHODS We assessed prospective associations between vitamin D status at the baseline assessment (2006-2010) and depression measured at the follow-up assessment (2016) in 139 128 adults registered with the UK Biobank. RESULTS Amongst participants with no depression at baseline (n = 127 244), logistic regression revealed that those with vitamin D insufficiency [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07-1.22] and those with vitamin D deficiency (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.13-1.36) were more likely to develop new-onset depression at follow-up compared with those with optimal vitamin D levels after adjustment for a wide range of relevant covariates. Similar prospective associations were reported for those with depression at baseline (n = 11 884) (insufficiency: aOR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.23; deficiency: aOR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.13-1.50). CONCLUSIONS The prospective associations found between vitamin D status and depression suggest that both vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency might be risk factors for the development of new-onset depression in middle-aged adults. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency (and to a lesser extent insufficiency) might be a predictor of sustained depressive symptoms in those who are already depressed. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is very common, meaning that these findings have significant implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ronaldson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jorge Arias de la Torre
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stephani L. Hatch
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alexandru Dregan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
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Urizar GG, Muñoz RF. Role of Maternal Depression on Child Development: A Prospective Analysis from Pregnancy to Early Childhood. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:502-514. [PMID: 33646485 PMCID: PMC10911822 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined how different characteristics of maternal depression may be associated with developmental outcomes among low-income children. The current study prospectively examined whether the timing (pregnancy vs. early postpartum), severity, and chronicity of maternal depression were associated with child cognitive and social-emotional development in two cohorts of primarily low-income Latinx immigrant mothers and their children. Maternal depression was assessed during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. Child development was assessed up to 5 years postpartum. Results showed that maternal depression experienced during pregnancy was associated with lower child cognitive development, particularly among girls. Additionally, both the timing (pregnancy and early postpartum) and severity/chronicity of maternal depression were each independently associated with lower child social-emotional development. These findings highlight the need for early prevention interventions to help offset the adverse effects of maternal depression on child developmental outcomes in this at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido G Urizar
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA, 90840-0901, USA.
| | - Ricardo F Muñoz
- Department of Psychology and Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health, Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
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Kim K, Koo KM. Influence of Different Exercise Types on Health-Related Quality-of-Life in Men With Depressive Disorder in South Korea. Front Public Health 2022; 10:811168. [PMID: 35359762 PMCID: PMC8964042 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.811168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of different exercise types on health-related quality of life (QOL) in men with depressive disorder (DD) in South (S) Korea. The data of 385 men aged 19 with DD were collected in S. Korea. The Euro Quality of Life 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) index and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) questionnaires were used to establish the purpose of this study. Furthermore, the complex sampling model was applied to investigate the influence of different exercise types on health-related QOL in participants. When reviewing the outcomes, the strength exercise and walking had significant influences on health-related QOL in men with DD in S. Korea. However, the flexibility exercise did not have a significant influence on them. Based on the results, strength exercise and walking were effective exercise types to increase levels of health-related QOL in men with DD in S. Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjin Kim
- Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Korea Nazarene University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Kyo-Man Koo
- Department of Adapted Physical Education, Baekseok University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
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Jaafari Z, Sadidi N, Abdolahinia Z, Shahesmaeili A. Prevalence of Depression among Iranian Patients with Beta-Thalassemia Major: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:15-24. [PMID: 35017773 PMCID: PMC8743376 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2020.85941.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with beta-thalassemia (BT) are susceptible to psychological disorders such as depression. The present study was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression among patients with BT in Iran. METHODS Domestic and international databases were searched for relevant articles published from 1991 until June 2019. We searched international databases such as Scopus, ISI, and Embase; Iranian databases such as SID, Magiran, and IranDoc; and Google Scholar and PubMed search engines. The MeSH keywords used were "depression", "mental health", "depressive disorder", "thalassemia", "beta-thalassemia major", "prevalence", "epidemiology", and "Iran". Relevant cross-sectional or cohort studies were included in the analysis. Cochran's Q test and the I2 index were used to assess heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using "metaprop" commands in Stata 14. In cases, where the I2 statistic was greater than 50%, the random-effects model was used. RESULTS Eighteen eligible studies were included. The pooled prevalence of depression was 42% (95% CI: 33% to 52%), whereas the pooled prevalence of mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe depression was 16% (95% CI: 11% to 22%), 13% (95% CI: 9% to 18%), 13% (95% CI: 9% to 17%), and 3% (95% CI: 0% to 8%), respectively. The pooled prevalence of depression in moderate- and high-quality studies was 45% (95% CI: 29% to 61%), and 39% (95% CI: 27% to 51%), respectively. CONCLUSION The high prevalence of depression highlights the urgent need for the establishment of interventions for the prevention, early detection, and treatment of depression among Iranian patients with BT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jaafari
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sadidi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdolahinia
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Armita Shahesmaeili
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Younker T, Radunovich HL. Farmer Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010244. [PMID: 35010504 PMCID: PMC8751007 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of mental health disorders and suicide amongst agricultural producers is a global problem. Community leaders, researchers, policymakers, and clinicians have mobilized to develop programs to address this issue. This study reviewed a wide range of mental health interventions targeting farmer mental health spanning over 50 years and examined their reported effectiveness and constraints. A total of ninety-two articles on farmer mental health were included in a final systematic review. Most articles were written concerning mental health literacy and peer and paraprofessional support interventions in the United States and Australia. Among the 56 studies reporting empirical evaluative data, 21 were mixed-method, 20 quantitative, 11 qualitative, and 5 literature synthesis. Non-experimental, self-reported, and qualitative data suggest efficacy of mental health literacy programs, peer and paraprofessional support, and community-based and agroecological interventions. However, most interventions were not subject to rigorous evaluation and only one intervention was evaluated using a control condition. The heterogeneity of existing studies and paucity of rigorous evaluation proscribes firm conclusions related to program-type efficacy. This review demonstrates that there is still a need for a stronger and broader evidence base in the field of farmer mental health interventions, which should focus on both holistic, multi-component programs and targeted approaches.
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Montesano A, Medina JC, Paz C, García-Mieres H, Niño-Robles N, García-Grau E, Crespillo JC, García-Gutiérrez A, Alabèrnia-Segura M, Feixas G. Does virtual reality increase the efficacy of psychotherapy for young adults with mild-to-moderate depression? A study protocol for a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Trials 2021; 22:916. [PMID: 34903251 PMCID: PMC8666832 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The improvement of psychological treatments for depression in young adults is a pressing issue highlighted in the literature. Its relevance is determined not only because young adults are underrepresented in research, but also to prevent chronic severe mental health disorders later in life. Engagement is considered a key factor for a good therapeutic outcome, especially among young patients. In this sense, virtual reality could be particularly suited to engage young adults in the therapy process. This project aims to improve the psychological treatment of mild-to-moderate depression in young adults by testing out the efficacy of virtual reality-enhanced personal construct therapy (PCT-VR), as compared to personal construct therapy alone (PCT) and to the reference standard cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). In contrast to CBT, PCT neither educates patients about depression nor gives them directions on the changes to be made in their dysfunctional behaviors or cognitions. Rather, PCT explores the coherence (or conflicts) of thoughts and behaviors with respect to the person's sense of identity and focuses on meaning-making processes. METHODS The efficacy of this innovative intervention (PCT-VR) will be compared to PCT and to CBT in a randomized clinical trial. The study includes an appraisal of therapists' adherence and independent assessments to preserve internal validity. The Beck Depression Inventory-II is the primary outcome measure for calculating both statistical and clinical significance, but other outcomes will also be assessed (e.g., functioning, well-being, anxiety, stress) at pre- and post-therapy and at 6-month follow-up. The trial will be conducted in a naturalistic context, mostly at the usual health care center of each patient. A sample of 225 participants is targeted to reach enough statistical power to accomplish the goals of the study. DISCUSSION We expect that providing evidence for PCT-VR will widen the repertoire of evidence-based technology-based psychotherapeutic interventions for young adults and contribute to the prevention of deteriorating courses of the disorder. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04321525 . Registered on 18 February 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Montesano
- School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan C. Medina
- School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Paz
- School of Psychology and Education, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Helena García-Mieres
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Niño-Robles
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugeni García-Grau
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Cañete Crespillo
- Department of Mental Health, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Hospital de Mataró, Mataró, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Alabèrnia-Segura
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Feixas
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, The Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Austin AE, Sokol RL, Rowland C. Medicaid expansion and postpartum depressive symptoms: Evidence from the 2009-2018 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey. Ann Epidemiol 2021; 68:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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da Silva AHS, de Freitas LA, Shuhama R, Del-Ben CM, Vedana KGG, Martin IDS, Zanetti ACG. Family environment and depressive episode are associated with relapse after first-episode psychosis. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2021; 28:1065-1078. [PMID: 33544947 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Relapse rates are high among patients who have experienced first-episode psychosis (FEP). Psychotic relapses are associated with worse quality of life and poorer functionality of the FEP patient. The use of psychoactive substances, non-adherence to drug treatment, and high expressed emotion (EE) are notable predictors of relapse after the FEP. Although some studies have suggested that psychotic relapse may be associated with a family environment with high levels of emotional over-involvement (EOI), this finding is still inconsistent across different cultures. EE specific components must be evaluated and interpreted according to the context of cultural norms. There is a scarcity of studies on the role of depression in the occurrence of relapses after the FEP, and the results remain uncertain. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This study explored the predictors of psychotic relapses in Brazilian patients who experienced FEP. Our results indicate that 29.2% of the patients relapsed after the FEP. Patients diagnosed with depression and high-EOI in the family environment were predictors of psychotic relapses in this population. This study expands knowledge about the cultural specificity of EOI and the role of depression in psychotic relapse. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Nursing professionals must consider the implications of the family environment and depression in the course of psychosis. Family interventions and the appropriate treatment of depression are important for improving the prognosis of FEP patients. ABSTRACT: Introduction Psychotic relapse may be associated with relatives' high emotional over-involvement (EOI) and with a diagnosis of major depressive episode (MDE) among first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, but the results are still inconsistent across different cultures. Aim Evaluate the predictors of relapse in FEP patients. Method Prospective cohort study with 6-month follow-up conducted with 65 dyads of patients and relatives from an early intervention unit in Brazil. At the baseline interview, relatives answered to a sociodemographic data form and to the Family Questionnaire. Patients provided sociodemographic and clinical data and answered the Measurement of Treatment Adherence; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; the Severity of Dependence Scale to assess cannabis dependence, and the MDE module of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Psychotic relapses were evaluated using items from the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. The data were analysed using multiple logistic regression. Results 29.2% of the patients presented at least one psychotic relapse. High-EOI and MDE were predictors of psychotic relapses. Discussion Our findings expand the knowledge about the cultural specificity of EOI and the role of depression in psychotic relapse. Implications for practice Family nursing interventions and the appropriate treatment of MDE must be considered in the care of FEP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Heloisa Santana da Silva
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Amorim de Freitas
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosana Shuhama
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Marta Del-Ben
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly Graziani Giacchero Vedana
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Dos Santos Martin
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Influence of Vitamin D Supplementation on Mental Health in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113678. [PMID: 34835934 PMCID: PMC8625262 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with a number of mental health consequences, including enhanced risk of depression and anxiety, as well as decreased quality of life, and vitamin D deficiency is considered to be one of the factors that influence these outcomes in diabetic patients. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature presenting the data regarding the influence of vitamin D supplementation on mental health in diabetic adults. This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (Registration number CRD42020155779). A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed, and the intervention studies published until September 2021 were included in the review. The human studies were included if an adult sample of diabetic individuals received vitamin D supplementation during the intervention and its effect on any mental health aspect was assessed, but studies presenting the influence of combined supplementation of multiple nutrients were excluded. After removing duplicate records, a total of 8514 publications were screened and assessed independently by two researchers, based on their title, abstract, and full text. Finally, six studies were included in the current systematic review, and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). The included studies analyzed the influence of a specific dose of vitamin D, or different doses of vitamin D, or compared the results of supplementation with a specific dose of vitamin D against the placebo group. The supplementation was performed for at least 12 weeks. The mental health outcomes analyzed in these studies included health-related quality of life, depression, anxiety, stress, and general mental health status of adult diabetic patients. The results of the majority of the studies confirmed the positive influence of vitamin D supplementation on the mental health of diabetic individuals. Those studies that analyzed the influence of vitamin D supplementation on depression and anxiety established the beneficial effect of the vitamin. In some studies, the influence of vitamin D supplementation on the health-related quality of life was not considered unless combined with mindfulness training. However, it must be emphasized that different dosage regimens and intervention periods were followed in the reviewed studies, and only a small number of studies were randomized against placebo, which should be considered as a limitation of the present study. The findings of the conducted systematic review demonstrated the positive influence of vitamin D supplementation on the mental health of diabetic patients, which was proved for anxiety and depression, but in the case of health-related quality of life, the positive effect was observed only when the intervention included mindfulness training. These outcomes suggest that supplementation should be recommended to improve the vitamin D status and the mental health of patients in this group.
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Leading the charge toward a world without depression: perinatal depression can be prevented. Arch Womens Ment Health 2021; 24:807-815. [PMID: 34491429 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript is based on a keynote address presented at the 2020 Marcé Society's Conference celebrating the Society's 40th anniversary. The address described a 50-year perspective on prevention research, current evidence that perinatal depression can be prevented, and how digital tools could be used to disseminate perinatal depression prevention interventions throughout the world. We utilized the Mothers and Babies Course as a case study to illustrate these goals. The article reviews the gradual progress of depression prevention research, from the time when the state of the science was such that it was believed that the onset of major depressive episodes could not be prevented until the present day. In addition, the article recounts the three consensus reports on prevention of mental disorders published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, culminating in the 2019 report, which calls on the field to implement known interventions for the prevention of depression and other mental disorders, and to scale up their administration to reduce the prevalence of these disorders in the general population. The paper presents the 2019 recommendations of the US Preventive Services Task Force, which instructs the health system to provide routine referrals to perinatal depression prevention interventions (e.g., the Mothers and Babies Course) to perinatal persons at risk for depression. We now have the knowledge to prevent approximately half of episodes of perinatal depression. It is time to implement this knowledge and begin to do research on how to prevent the remaining half.
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Zhao L, Sznajder K, Cheng D, Wang S, Cui C, Yang X. Coping Styles for Mediating the Effect of Resilience on Depression Among Medical Students in Web-Based Classes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25259. [PMID: 34033579 PMCID: PMC8189284 DOI: 10.2196/25259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to strict, nationwide, comprehensive COVID-19 protective measures, including home quarantine, all Chinese medical students began taking web-based classes beginning in the spring semester of 2020. Home quarantine, web-based classes, and the stress surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic may have triggered an increased incidence of mental health problems among medical students. Although there have been increasing amounts of literature on depression among medical students, studies focusing on positive psychological resources, such as resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, still need to be expanded. Objective This study aims to assess depression among medical students who are taking web-based classes during the COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate the role of coping styles as mediators between resilience and depression. Methods A cross-sectional study of 666 medical students involving stratified sampling in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China, was completed between March 20 and April 10, 2020. The participants responded to a self-administered, smartphone-based questionnaire, which included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Ego Resilience 89 Scale. Hierarchical linear regression and structural equation modeling were used in this study. Results The prevalence of depression among the participants was 9.6% (64/666) in this study. The regression analysis revealed that grade (the year in which the medical student was in training) (P=.013), how well students adapted to web-based classes (P<.001), their levels of resilience (P=.04), and their coping styles were independent predictors for depression (P<.001). Resilience and positive coping styles were negatively related to depression (resilience: P=.04; positive coping styles: P<.001), and negative coping styles were positively related to depression (P<.001). The structural equation modeling analysis showed that the effect of resilience on depression was partially mediated by coping styles (P=.007). Conclusions In this study, it was found that the prevalence of depression was slightly low and coping styles mediated the association between resilience and depression among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings have significant implications for future studies. Future studies and interventions should aim to improve resilience and promote positive coping styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- Institute of Foreign Languages, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kristin Sznajder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dan Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shimeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoshi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Fusar‐Poli P, Correll CU, Arango C, Berk M, Patel V, Ioannidis JP. Preventive psychiatry: a blueprint for improving the mental health of young people. World Psychiatry 2021; 20:200-221. [PMID: 34002494 PMCID: PMC8129854 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventive approaches have latterly gained traction for improving mental health in young people. In this paper, we first appraise the conceptual foundations of preventive psychiatry, encompassing the public health, Gordon's, US Institute of Medicine, World Health Organization, and good mental health frameworks, and neurodevelopmentally-sensitive clinical staging models. We then review the evidence supporting primary prevention of psychotic, bipolar and common mental disorders and promotion of good mental health as potential transformative strategies to reduce the incidence of these disorders in young people. Within indicated approaches, the clinical high-risk for psychosis paradigm has received the most empirical validation, while clinical high-risk states for bipolar and common mental disorders are increasingly becoming a focus of attention. Selective approaches have mostly targeted familial vulnerability and non-genetic risk exposures. Selective screening and psychological/psychoeducational interventions in vulnerable subgroups may improve anxiety/depressive symptoms, but their efficacy in reducing the incidence of psychotic/bipolar/common mental disorders is unproven. Selective physical exercise may reduce the incidence of anxiety disorders. Universal psychological/psychoeducational interventions may improve anxiety symptoms but not prevent depressive/anxiety disorders, while universal physical exercise may reduce the incidence of anxiety disorders. Universal public health approaches targeting school climate or social determinants (demographic, economic, neighbourhood, environmental, social/cultural) of mental disorders hold the greatest potential for reducing the risk profile of the population as a whole. The approach to promotion of good mental health is currently fragmented. We leverage the knowledge gained from the review to develop a blueprint for future research and practice of preventive psychiatry in young people: integrating universal and targeted frameworks; advancing multivariable, transdiagnostic, multi-endpoint epidemiological knowledge; synergically preventing common and infrequent mental disorders; preventing physical and mental health burden together; implementing stratified/personalized prognosis; establishing evidence-based preventive interventions; developing an ethical framework, improving prevention through education/training; consolidating the cost-effectiveness of preventive psychiatry; and decreasing inequalities. These goals can only be achieved through an urgent individual, societal, and global level response, which promotes a vigorous collaboration across scientific, health care, societal and governmental sectors for implementing preventive psychiatry, as much is at stake for young people with or at risk for emerging mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fusar‐Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical‐detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis StudiesInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK,OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK,Department of Brain and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Christoph U. Correll
- Department of PsychiatryZucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell HealthGlen OaksNYUSA,Department of Psychiatry and Molecular MedicineZucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA,Center for Psychiatric NeuroscienceFeinstein Institute for Medical ResearchManhassetNYUSA,Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryCharité Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryInstitute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain,Health Research Institute (IiGSM), School of MedicineUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain,Biomedical Research Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM)MadridSpain
| | - Michael Berk
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin UniversityBarwon HealthGeelongVICAustralia,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia,Orygen Youth HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia,Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Vikram Patel
- Department of Global Health and Social MedicineHarvard University T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA,Department of Global Health and PopulationHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - John P.A. Ioannidis
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA,Department of Biomedical Data ScienceStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA,Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
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He J, Ouyang F, Li L, Qiu D, Li Y, Xiao S. Incidence trends of major depressive disorder in China: an age-period-cohort modeling study. J Affect Disord 2021; 288:10-16. [PMID: 33839553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common public health problem in China. However, few studies have focused on its incidence and separated age, period, and cohort effects. This study aimed to assess the age, period, and cohort effects on the incidence trends of MDD in China between 1993 and 2017. METHODS The incidence data of MDD were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2017. Age-period-cohort modeling method was used to separate the age, period, and cohort effects on MDD incidence rate. RESULTS The incidence number of MDD increased by 22.8% while the age-standardized incidence rate decreased by 15.6% over 25 years. Age-period-cohort analysis indicated that the net drift was -0.433% per year, with -0.486% for females and -0.385% for males. For both sexes, the local drifts were all <0 in 10 to 54 years age groups but >0 in 55 to 94 years age groups. The longitudinal age curves of MDD incidence basically showed an increasing trend, except for a subpeak at 20-24 years age group. The period rate ratio largely declined over time, except for an uptick after 2003-2007. The cohort rate ratio followed an inverted U-shaped pattern and was highest in 1951-1955 birth cohort. LIMITATIONS The MDD data were estimated and wide social factors were not included in the analyses. CONCLUSION The changes of MDD incidence rate in China are likely to be related to rapid social and economic development, and major historical events. However, the associations need to be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University; and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feiyun Ouyang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University; and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University; and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Qiu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University; and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yilu Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University; and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuiyuan Xiao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University; and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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23
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Effects of Different Types of Physical Activity on Health-Related Quality-of-Life in Korean Women with Depressive Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094639. [PMID: 33925522 PMCID: PMC8123788 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depressive disorder is a frequent psychological illness and causes community health problems for many women. It was found that the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) score of many women was altered due to mental and physical problems. Physical activity (PA) might effectively improve the responses of the HRQoL of women with depressive disorder. Therefore, the study aimed to identify the effects of different types of PA (e.g., walking, strength exercise, flexibility exercise) on the responses of the HRQoL of Korean women with depressive disorder. A sample of 1315 Korean women aged 19 or older with a depressive disorder was accumulated. The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D index score) were used. The characteristics of the participants were analyzed by the complex sample in frequency analysis. Furthermore, the complex sample general linear model was used to determine the effects of different types of PA on the HRQoL of Korean women with depressive disorder. In the results, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups who participated for one to two days, who participated for three to four days, and who did not participate in walking at all. In the flexibility exercise, there was a statistically significant difference in the group who participated for three to four days from the group who did not participate at all. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the strength exercise. In conclusion, the walking and flexibility exercises were effective physical activities (PAs) to improve the responses to the HRQoL of Korean women with depressive disorder.
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Goodmann DR, Daouk S, Sullivan M, Cabrera J, Liu NH, Barakat S, Muñoz RF, Leykin Y. Factor analysis of depression symptoms across five broad cultural groups. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:227-235. [PMID: 33418371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Core symptoms of depression are likely universal, however cultural groups differ in their experience of the condition. The purpose of this study was to examine differences and similarities of depression symptom groupings between broad cultural groups. METHOD 6,982 adults took part in an online multilingual depression screening study, and completed an 18-item major depression screener. Participants were categorized into five broad cultural groups by language and country of residence: Spanish speakers from Latin America (n = 3,411); English speakers from Southeast Asia (n = 1,265); Russian speakers from the former Soviet bloc (n = 642); English speakers from English-speaking Western countries (n = 999); and Chinese speakers from China (n = 665). Principal components analysis with promax rotation was used. RESULTS Both similarities and noteworthy differences in symptom clustering between groups were observed. For instance, though suicide-related items formed a separate cluster for most cultures, for the Latin-American group, worthlessness loaded with suicidality. Changes in appetite and changes in weight tended to load on different factors (except for Chinese and Russian groups). Hypersomnia tended to load with psychomotor agitation, and core depression symptoms tended to load with physical symptoms (except for the Russian group). LIMITATIONS Depression was assessed by a self-report measure aligned to DSM-IV. CONCLUSION The analysis contributes to a nuanced understanding of depression manifestations of various cultures, which may inform culturally sensitive clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R Goodmann
- Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Sariah Daouk
- Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Megan Sullivan
- Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo F Muñoz
- Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States; University of California, San Francisco
| | - Yan Leykin
- Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States; University of California, San Francisco.
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Jidong DE, Husain N, Roche A, Lourie G, Ike TJ, Murshed M, Park MS, Karick H, Dagona ZK, Pwajok JY, Gumber A, Francis C, Nyam PP, Mwankon SB. Psychological interventions for maternal depression among women of African and Caribbean origin: a systematic review. BMC Womens Health 2021; 21:83. [PMID: 33637070 PMCID: PMC7907308 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal depression is a leading cause of disease burden for women worldwide; however, there are ethnic inequalities in access to psychological interventions in high-income countries (HICs). Culturally appropriate interventions might prove beneficial for African and Caribbean women living in HICs as ethnic minorities. METHODS The review strategy was formulated using the PICo (Population, phenomenon of Interest, and Context) framework with Boolean operators (AND/OR/NOT) to ensure rigour in the use of search terms ("postpartum depression", "maternal depression", "postnatal depression", "perinatal depression" "mental health", "psychotherapy" "intervention", "treatment", "black Caribbean", "black African", "mothers" and "women"). Five databases, including Scopus, PsycINFO, Applied Social Science Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), ProQuest Central and Web of Science, were searched for published articles between 2000 and July 2020. 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the relevant data extracted were synthesised and thematically analysed. RESULTS Data syntheses and analyses of included studies produced four themes, including (1) enhance parenting confidence and self-care; (2) effective mother-child interpersonal relationship; (3) culturally appropriate maternal care; and (4) internet-mediated care for maternal depression. CONCLUSION In the quest to address maternal mental health disparities among mothers of African and Caribbean origin in HICs, the authors recommend culturally adapted psychological interventions to be tested in randomised control trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Ezekiel Jidong
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK.
| | | | - Ayesha Roche
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Grace Lourie
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| | | | - Maisha Murshed
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Miriam S Park
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pam P Nyam
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, 50, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
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26
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Jin J, Delaparte L, Chen HW, DeLorenzo C, Perlman G, Klein DN, Mohanty A, Kotov R. Structural Connectivity Between Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Amygdala Predicts First Onset of Depressive Disorders in Adolescence. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2021; 7:249-255. [PMID: 33610811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent-onset depressive disorders (DDs) are associated with deficits in the regulation of negative affect across modalities (self-report, behavioral paradigms, and neuroimaging), which may manifest prior to first-onset DDs. Whether the neurocircuitry governing emotional regulation predates DDs is unclear. This study tested whether a critical pathway for emotion regulation (rostral anterior cingulate cortex-amygdala structural connectivity) predicts first-onset DDs in adolescent females. METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging data were acquired on adolescent females (n = 212) without a history of DDs and the cohort was reassessed for first-onset DDs over the next 27 months. RESULTS A total of 26 girls developed first onsets of DDs in the 27 months after imaging. Multivariate logistic regression showed that lower weighted average fractional anisotropy of uncinate fasciculus tracts between the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala prospectively predicted first onset of DDs (adjusted odds ratio = 0.44, p = .005), above and beyond established risk factors including baseline depression symptom severity, history of anxiety disorders, parental history of depression, parental education, and age. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for the first time showing that aberrant structural connectivity between the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala prospectively predates first onset of DDs in adolescent females. These results highlight the importance of a well-established neural circuit implicated in the regulation of negative affect as a likely etiological factor and a promising target for intervention and prevention of DDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jin
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lauren Delaparte
- The Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Hung Wei Chen
- Department of Psychological and Brain Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | | | - Greg Perlman
- The Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Daniel N Klein
- The Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; The Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Aprajita Mohanty
- The Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
| | - Roman Kotov
- The Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA; The Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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Chang MW, Brown R, Wegener DT. Perceived stress linking psychosocial factors and depressive symptoms in low-income mothers. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:62. [PMID: 33407305 PMCID: PMC7789186 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about associations between perceived stress, psychosocial factors (social support, emotional coping, coping self-efficacy, and autonomous motivation), and depressive symptoms in low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children. Using baseline data of a lifestyle intervention study, this secondary analysis investigates whether perceived stress might mediate the associations between the psychosocial factors and depressive symptoms. Methods Convenience sampling was applied. Low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Michigan, US. Survey data were collected through phone interviews. Participants (N = 740) responded to valid surveys measuring perceived stress, social support, emotional coping, coping self-efficacy, autonomous motivation, and depressive symptoms. Composite indicator structural equation modeling was performed to test for potential mediation. Results When investigating the potential role of perceived stress as a mediator, the indirect effects of social support (b = − 2.10, p < 0.01), emotion coping (b = − 3.81, p < 0.05), and coping self-efficacy (b = − 7.53, p < 0.01) on depressive symptoms through perceived stress were significant, but the indirect effect of autonomous motivation was not. Conclusion Future intervention studies aiming to alleviate depressive symptoms in low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children might consider including practical strategies to promote social support, emotional coping, and coping self-efficacy to reduce perceived stress, which might potentially decrease depressive symptoms. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT01839708; registered February 28, 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Wei Chang
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Roger Brown
- School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 701 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Duane T Wegener
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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28
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Zhao L, Yang F, Sznajder KK, Zou C, Jia Y, Yang X. Resilience as the Mediating Factor in the Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance and Post-stroke Depression of Stroke Patients in China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:625002. [PMID: 34040550 PMCID: PMC8141619 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke patients may suffer from a variety of symptoms which can result in sleep disturbance and post-stroke depression (PSD). Whereas, resilience can alleviate sleep disturbance and help maintain well-being after stroke. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore whether resilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between sleep disturbance and PSD of stroke patients in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a multi-stage sampling was carried out in Liaoning Rehabilitation Center and the Third People's Hospital of Chongqing in China from May to September 2019. A total of 353 stroke patients were enrolled in this study. Structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between sleep disturbance and PSD. Results: The prevalence of PSD of stroke patients was 34.56%. Sleep disturbance contributed most to the variance of PSD and had a significantly positive association with PSD among stroke patients (P < 0.01). Resilience was negatively associated with PSD, and acted as a mediator between sleep disturbance and PSD (a * b = 0.201, BCa 95% CI: 0.156~0.254). Conclusions: The prevalence of PSD was high among the Chinese stroke patients. Sleep disturbance was highly associated with PSD, resulting in the increased risk of PSD. Furthermore, resilience has a mediating effect on the relationship between sleep disturbance and PSD, and could reduce the negative effect of sleep disturbance on the development of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- Department of English, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengzhi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kristin K Sznajder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Changqing Zou
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yajing Jia
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoshi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Muñoz RF, Leykin Y, Barrera AZ, Dunn LB, Gutierrez R, Curland RA, Pineda BS. Who comes to a self-help depression prevention website? Characteristics of Spanish- and English-speaking visitors. Internet Interv 2020; 23:100359. [PMID: 33520668 PMCID: PMC7820555 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2020.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe demographic and clinical characteristics of Spanish- and English-speaking visitors to a "Healthy Mood" website. METHODS An online study intended to prevent depression by teaching users mood management skills recruited participants globally using primarily Google Ads. Those who consented responded to the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the MDE Screener (Muñoz, 1998) upon entry into the study. RESULTS 1423 participants consented, 437 English speakers and 986 Spanish speakers. Of the 1271 participants with sufficient depression symptom data, 65% screened positive for a current major depressive episode, 30% were at high risk for onset of a major depressive episode, and 5% were in the low-risk category. CONCLUSION Websites intended to be preventive appear to attract primarily individuals who are currently experiencing enough symptoms to screen positive for a major depressive episode. Only 30% of participants were appropriate for a depression prevention intervention. Therefore, such sites must be ready to encourage those with current depression to obtain professional help as well as ensure that the online self-help interventions are appropriate for participants who could benefit from both preventive and treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo F. Muñoz
- Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health (i4Health), Palo Alto University, United States of America,University of California, San Francisco at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, United States of America,Corresponding author at: Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health (i4Health), Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America.
| | - Yan Leykin
- Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health (i4Health), Palo Alto University, United States of America,University of California, San Francisco at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, United States of America
| | - Alinne Z. Barrera
- Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health (i4Health), Palo Alto University, United States of America,University of California, San Francisco at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, United States of America
| | | | - Renee Gutierrez
- Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health (i4Health), Palo Alto University, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Curland
- Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health (i4Health), Palo Alto University, United States of America
| | - Blanca S. Pineda
- Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health (i4Health), Palo Alto University, United States of America
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Abel KM, Bee P, Gega L, Gellatly J, Kolade A, Hunter D, Callender C, Carter LA, Meacock R, Bower P, Stanley N, Calam R, Wolpert M, Stewart P, Emsley R, Holt K, Linklater H, Douglas S, Stokes-Crossley B, Green J. An intervention to improve the quality of life in children of parents with serious mental illness: the Young SMILES feasibility RCT. Health Technol Assess 2020; 24:1-136. [PMID: 33196410 DOI: 10.3310/hta24590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life for children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness can be impaired, but evidence-based interventions to improve it are scarce. OBJECTIVE Co-production of a child-centred intervention [called Young Simplifying Mental Illness plus Life Enhancement Skills (SMILES)] to improve the health-related quality of life of children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness, and evaluating its acceptability and feasibility for delivery in NHS and community settings. DESIGN Qualitative and co-production methods informed the development of the intervention (Phase I). A feasibility randomised controlled trial was designed to compare Young SMILES with treatment as usual (Phase II). Semistructured qualitative interviews were used to explore acceptability among children and adolescents living with their parents, who had serious mental illness, and their parents. A mixture of semistructured qualitative interviews and focus group research was used to examine feasibility among Young SMILES facilitators and referrers/non-referrers. SETTING Randomisation was conducted after baseline measures were collected by the study co-ordinator, ensuring that the blinding of the statistician and research team was maintained to reduce detection bias. PARTICIPANTS Phase I: 14 children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness, seven parents and 31 practitioners from social, educational and health-related sectors. Phase II: 40 children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness, 33 parents, five referrers/non-referrers and 16 Young SMILES facilitators. INTERVENTION Young SMILES was delivered at two sites: (1) Warrington, supported by the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC), and (2) Newcastle, supported by the NHS and Barnardo's. An eight-session weekly group programme was delivered, with four to six children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness per age-appropriate group (6-11 and 12-16 years). At week 4, a five-session parallel weekly programme was offered to the parents/carers. Sessions lasted 2 hours each and focused on improving mental health literacy, child-parent communication and children's problem-solving skills. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Phase ll children and parents completed questionnaires at randomisation and then again at 4 and 6 months post randomisation. Quality of life was self-reported by children and proxy-reported by parents using the Paediatric Quality of Life questionnaire and KIDSCREEN. Semistructured interviews with parents (n = 14) and children (n = 17) who participated in the Young SMILES groups gathered information about their motivation to sign up to the study, their experiences of participating in the group sessions, and their perceived changes in themselves and their family members following intervention. Further interviews with individual referrers (n = 5) gathered information about challenges to recruitment and randomisation. Two focus groups (n = 16) with practitioners who facilitated the intervention explored their views of the format and content of the Young SMILES manual and their suggestions for changes. RESULTS A total of 35 families were recruited: 20 were randomly allocated to Young SMILES group and 15 to treatment as usual. Of those, 28 families [15/20 (75%) in the intervention group and 13/15 (87%) in the control group] gave follow-up data at the primary end point (4 months post baseline). Participating children had high adherence to the intervention and high completion rates of the questionnaires. Children and adolescents living with their parents, who had serious mental illness, and their parents were mainly very positive and enthusiastic about Young SMILES, both of whom invoked the benefits of peer support and insight into parental difficulties. Although facilitators regarded Young SMILES as a meaningful and distinctive intervention having great potential, referrers identified several barriers to referring families to the study. One harm was reported by a parent, which was dealt with by the research team and the NSPCC in accordance with the standard operating procedures. LIMITATIONS The findings from our feasibility study are not sufficient to recommend a fully powered trial of Young SMILES in the near future. Although it was feasible to randomise children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness of different ages to standardised, time-limited groups in both NHS and non-NHS settings, an intervention like Young SMILES is unlikely to address underlying core components of the vulnerability that children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness express as a population over time. CONCLUSIONS Young SMILES was widely valued as unique in filling a recognised gap in need. Outcome measures in future studies of interventions for children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness are more likely to capture change in individual risk factors for reduced quality of life by considering their unmet need, rather than on an aggregate construct of health-related quality of life overall, which may not reflect these young people's needs. FUTURE WORK A public health approach to intervention might be best. Most children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness remain well most of the time, so, although their absolute risks are low across outcomes (and most will remain resilient most of the time), consistent population estimates find their relative risk to be high compared with unexposed children. A public health approach to intervention needs to be both tailored to the particular needs of children and adolescents living with serious parental mental illness and agile to these needs so that it can respond to fluctuations over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN36865046. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 59. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Abel
- Centre for Women's Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Penny Bee
- Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Lina Gega
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Judith Gellatly
- Centre for Women's Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Division of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adekeye Kolade
- Centre for Women's Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Diane Hunter
- National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, London, UK
| | - Craig Callender
- Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St Nicholas Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lesley-Anne Carter
- Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel Meacock
- Manchester Centre for Health Economics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Bower
- National Primary Care Research and Development Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicky Stanley
- School of Social Work, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Rachel Calam
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Miranda Wolpert
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London, London, UK.,Anna Freud Centre, London, UK
| | - Paul Stewart
- National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, London, UK
| | - Richard Emsley
- Department for Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kim Holt
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, University of Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Holly Linklater
- Department of Education and Inclusive Pedagogy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon Douglas
- Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St Nicholas Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bryony Stokes-Crossley
- Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, St Nicholas Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jonathan Green
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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31
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Read A, Mazzucchelli TG, Kane RT. A preliminary evaluation of a single session behavioural activation intervention to improve well‐being and prevent depression in carers. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ainsley Read
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia,
| | - Trevor G. Mazzucchelli
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia,
| | - Robert T. Kane
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia,
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32
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Asgari Y, Ricciardelli LA. Depression in the community setting: Development and initial validation of the Daily Goals Scale. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Asgari
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia,
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33
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Muñoz RF, Weissman MM. "Fostering Healthy Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Development in Children and Youth": National Academies Report Calling for a Decade of Children and Youth. Am J Psychiatry 2020; 177:808-810. [PMID: 32867521 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19111133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo F Muñoz
- Department of Psychology and Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, Calif., Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, and Department of Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco (Muñoz); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Weissman)
| | - Myrna M Weissman
- Department of Psychology and Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, Calif., Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, and Department of Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco (Muñoz); Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Weissman)
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34
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Owens M, Watkins E, Bot M, Brouwer IA, Roca M, Kohls E, Penninx BWJH, Grootheest G, Hegerl U, Gili M, Visser M. Nutrition and depression: Summary of findings from the EU‐funded MooDFOOD depression prevention randomised controlled trial and a critical review of the literature. NUTR BULL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Owens
- Department of Psychology University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - E. Watkins
- Department of Psychology University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - M. Bot
- Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute GGZ in Geest Specialized Mental Health Care Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - I. A. Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Science Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - M. Roca
- Institut Universitari d’ Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS/IDISBA) Rediapp University of Balearic Islands Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - E. Kohls
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical Faculty University Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - B. W. J. H. Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute GGZ in Geest Specialized Mental Health Care Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - G. Grootheest
- Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute GGZ in Geest Specialized Mental Health Care Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - U. Hegerl
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy Goethe‐University Frankfurt Germany
| | - M. Gili
- Institut Universitari d’ Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS/IDISBA) Rediapp University of Balearic Islands Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - M. Visser
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Science Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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35
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Brief Psychological Intervention Through Mobile App and Conference Calls for the Prevention of Depression in Non-Professional Caregivers: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124578. [PMID: 32630541 PMCID: PMC7345199 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite its potential, no intervention aimed at non-professional caregivers administered through a smartphone app has been proven to prevent depression. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of an indicated depression-prevention intervention for non-professional caregivers administered through an app with the addition of conference-call contact. The intervention was administered to 31 caregivers (Mean age = 54.0 years, 93.5% women). An independent evaluation determined the incidence of depression, depressive symptoms, risk of developing depression, and the variables in the theoretical model (positive environmental reinforcement, negative automatic thoughts) at the pre-intervention and post-intervention, as well as the one- and three-month follow-ups. The incidence of depression at 3 months of follow-up was 6.5%. There was a significant reduction in depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) and in the risk of developing depression (p < 0.001) at the post-intervention and at the one- and three-month follow-ups. The model’s variables improved significantly after the intervention and were associated with post-intervention depressive symptoms. The intervention was more effective in caregivers who had a lower level of depressive symptoms at the pre-intervention. Adherence and satisfaction with the intervention were high. The results encourage future research using a randomized controlled clinical trial.
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36
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Effects of Physical Activity on the Stress and Suicidal Ideation in Korean Adult Women with Depressive Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103502. [PMID: 32429561 PMCID: PMC7277385 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depressive disorder is common in many adult women in the world. It was found that depressive disorder was related to stress and suicidal ideation in Korean adult women with depressive disorder. Physical activities were effective to solve this mental disorder. Thus, the purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on the stress and suicidal ideation of Korean adult women with depressive disorder. A sample of 1315 Korean adult women who have depressive disorder was collected, and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was used to determine this purpose of the study. The complex samples in frequency analysis were used to identify the characteristics of the participants. The logistic regression in the complex sample design was conducted to investigate the effects of PA on the stress and suicidal ideation in Korean adult women with depressive disorder. The effects of flexibility exercise on the stress in Korean adult women with depressive disorder showed the odds ratio (OR) value of 1.434 (OR = 1.434, 95% CI = 1.043–1.973, p < 0.05). The effects of flexibility exercise on the suicidal ideation in Korean adult women with depressive disorder presented the OR value of 0.682 (OR = 0.682, 95% CI = 0.496–0.937, p < 0.05). Based on the results, the participants who did flexibility exercises were likely to have less stress and suicidal ideation than the Korean adult women with depressive disorder who did not participate in flexibility exercise. In conclusion, the flexibility exercise has played an important role in reducing and preventing stress and suicidal ideation in Korean adult women with depressive disorder.
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37
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López L, Smit F, Cuijpers P, Otero P, Blanco V, Torres Á, Vázquez FL. Problem-solving intervention to prevent depression in non-professional caregivers: a randomized controlled trial with 8 years of follow-up. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1002-1009. [PMID: 31017076 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of psychological interventions for the prevention of depression have found significant effects in the short-term, but the long-term efficacy has yet to be determined. This study evaluated the 8-year effect of a randomized controlled trial for indicated prevention of depression in female caregivers. METHODS A total of 173 non-professional female caregivers with subclinical depressive symptoms not meeting criteria for a major depressive episode (MDE) were randomized to either a brief problem-solving intervention (n = 89) or usual-care control group (n = 84). Blinded evaluators conducted an assessment at the 8-year follow-up. The primary outcome was Depression Status, defined by diagnoses of MDE since the 1-year follow-up using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Disorders of the DSM-5. The secondary outcome was current Depressive Symptom Severity. Regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of the intervention on the outcomes. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the Depression Status between the problem-solving (30.3%) and control groups (26.2%) (adjusted OR 1.25, 95% CI -0.58 to 2.69). Depressive Symptom Severity, however, was significantly lower in the problem-solving group compared to the control group at this follow-up, amounting to a small effect size of Cohen's d = 0.39 (adjusted B = -3.32, p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to assess such a long-term follow-up of intervention of indicated prevention of depression. Results seem to indicate that the protective effect of the intervention became smaller over time during follow-up. Future research should replicate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara López
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Filip Smit
- Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Otero
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Vanessa Blanco
- Department of Evolutive and Educational Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángela Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando L Vázquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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38
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Alcaraz-Ibáñez M, Sicilia A. Analysis of the dynamic relationship between social physique anxiety and depressive symptoms in young adults. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Kenning C, Blakemore A, Bower P, Safari M, Cuijpers P, Brown JS, Hann M, Lidbetter N, Muñoz RF, Waheed W. Preventing depression in the community by voluntary sector providers (PERSUADE): intervention development and protocol for a parallel randomised controlled feasibility trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023791. [PMID: 31585966 PMCID: PMC6797240 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is now the most common illness worldwide affecting more than 300 million people. Studies modelling the impact of depression interventions have shown that the burden of depression cannot be minimised by more than 35% with existing treatments. There is a need to develop better preventative interventions. The overall aim of this programme of work is to develop interventions to reduce depression symptom scores and prevent development of depression in people with subthreshold depression. The objectives are to adapt a low intensity community-based depression prevention intervention, establish the acceptability and uptake of this model and conduct a parallel randomised controlled feasibility trial to inform a full-scale trial. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Focus groups will be run with members of the public, voluntary sector providers and researchers to inform the adaptation of an existing depression prevention course. Sixty-four people with subthreshold depression, as represented by a score of between 5 and 9 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression measure, will be recruited to take part in the feasibility trial. Participants will be randomised equally to the intervention or usual care control groups. Participants in the intervention group will receive the new revised manual and attend a 1-day workshop delivered by voluntary sector service providers. Outcome measures will be completed 3 months after baseline. Quantitative data on recruitment, randomisation, attendance, retention, questionnaire completion rates will be collected. Primary analyses will be descriptive and a process evaluation will be conducted to assess the processes involved in implementing the intervention. Interviews will be conducted to explore acceptability and framework analysis will be used to analyse the data. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been reviewed and approved by NHS Research and Ethics Committee: NW-Greater Manchester East. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, the internet and community engagement activities. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN23278208;Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Kenning
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Amy Blakemore
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Bower
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Melina Safari
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - June Sl Brown
- Department of Psychology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Hann
- Centre for Biostatistics and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Ricardo F Muñoz
- Institute for International Internet Interventions for Health, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Waquas Waheed
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
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40
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Zhao Y, Munro-Kramer ML, Shi S, Wang J, Zhao Q. Effects of antenatal depression screening and intervention among Chinese high-risk pregnant women with medically defined complications: A randomized controlled trial. Early Interv Psychiatry 2019; 13:1090-1098. [PMID: 30160373 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM High-risk pregnant women with antenatal depression are prone to postpartum depression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an antenatal depression screening and intervention among Chinese high-risk pregnant women with medically defined complications. METHODS Using a randomized controlled trial design, we enrolled 352 pregnant women with obstetrical complications and an Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) ≥9 or postpartum depression screen scale (PDSS) ≥60. These participants were randomly assigned into the intervention group (n = 176) and control group (n = 176). The intervention group underwent a six-session group intervention with one session focused on the husbands; the control group received the usual care. Participants were assessed at baseline, late pregnancy (≥28 weeks), 3 days and 42 days after delivery with PDSS and EPDS. RESULTS Analysis of variance of repeated measures showed significant differences at each time point between groups. Analysis of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was no statistically significant differences in the PDSS and EPDS scores at any time point among the high-risk pregnant women who attended different frequencies of the maternal intervention sessions (P > 0.05). Analysis of the Mann-Whitney U test showed that the PDSS and EPDS were also not impacted based on whether or not the husbands participated in Session 6 of the intervention (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the effectiveness of the screening and the targeted management of antenatal depression in Chinese high-risk pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Psychiatry Department, Fudan University affiliated Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Shenxun Shi
- Psychiatry Department, Fudan University affiliated Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Fudan University affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Nursing Department, Fudan University affiliated Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
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41
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Beardslee WR. Master Clinician Review: Parental Depression and Family Health and Wellness: What Clinicians Can Do and Reflections on Opportunities for the Future. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 58:759-767. [PMID: 30794948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The study of parental depression in families with children who are depressed and the development of appropriate family prevention strategies to assist families with parents who are depressed have expanded and improved significantly over the past 30 years. This article highlights an evidence-informed approach for clinicians dealing with parents who are depressed in different settings, addressing when a parent presents with depression, and when parental depression is encountered in treating a child with behavior health concerns. Some reflections on key contextual, policy, and systems issues are offered, because these so often determine what is and is not possible in a clinical encounter.
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42
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Harnessing Psychology and Technology to Contribute to Making Health Care a Universal Human Right. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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43
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Lyssenko L, Müller G, Kleindienst N, Schmahl C, Berger M, Eifert G, Kölle A, Nesch S, Ommer-Hohl J, Wenner M, Bohus M. Long-term outcome of a mental health promotion program in Germany. Health Promot Int 2019; 34:532-540. [PMID: 29509890 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/day008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health promotion programs (MHP) seek to reduce sub-syndromal symptoms of mental distress and enhance positive mental health. This study evaluates the long-term effects of a mindfulness-based MHP program ('Life Balance') provided by health coaches in a multi-site field setting on mental distress, satisfaction with life and resilience. Using a controlled design, propensity score matching was used to select a control group for participants of the MHP. The total study sample (N = 3624) comprised 83% women, with a mean age of 50 years. Data was collected via mailings 1 year after study entry. Results suggest participants experience reduced emotional distress at 12-month follow-up, with a medium between-group effect size (d = 0.40) for those participants who showed clinically relevant symptoms of mental distress at study entry. The effects of the program were more pronounced in participants with higher initial distress scores. New cases of psychopathological symptoms were prevented in 1 of 16 participants. Satisfaction with life and resilience were enhanced significantly. Our data suggest 'Life Balance' shows long-term effectiveness and indicate it is possible to design MHP programs that serve as both primary and indicated prevention, and that these programs can be applied on a population basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Lyssenko
- Institute for Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | | | - Nikolaus Kleindienst
- Institute for Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Christian Schmahl
- Institute for Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Mathias Berger
- Deptartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Eifert
- College of Health & Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Bohus
- Institute for Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany.,Department of Health, Antwerp University, Belgium
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Bauer S, Bilić S, Ozer F, Moessner M. Dissemination of an Internet-Based Program for the Prevention and Early Intervention in Eating Disorders. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2019; 48:25-32. [PMID: 31050585 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Research on the dissemination of e-mental health interventions is in an early stage, so that little is known about the reach, costs, participant characteristics, and patterns of program utilization associated with different recruitment strategies and access paths. This study investigated differences between user groups informed about an Internet-based program for the prevention and early intervention in eating disorders via different recruitment channels. Method: Participant characteristics and user behavior of 3548 participants in the Internet-based program ProYouth were analyzed. Participants were informed about ProYouth via different channels (e. g., print materials, high school, Internet). Results: Results indicate significant relationships between access paths and both user characteristics and program utilization. Participants who were informed about ProYouth at their high schools were more likely to be male, younger, and at lower risk of developing eating disorders. In contrast, other recruitment channels (e. g., Internet, print materials) resulted in participants with significantly higher risk and symptom levels who used the program more frequently and with higher intensity. Conclusion: Efforts aimed at the dissemination of Internet-based interventions should consider the effects that different recruitment channels and access paths may have on sample composition and utilization of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bauer
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sally Bilić
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fikret Ozer
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Moessner
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
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Preventing Youth Internalizing Symptoms Through the Familias Unidas Intervention: Examining Variation in Response. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2019; 19:49-59. [PMID: 27318951 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-016-0666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Prevention programs that strengthen parenting and family functioning have been found to reduce poor behavioral outcomes in adolescents, including substance use, HIV risk, externalizing and internalizing problems. However, there is evidence that not all youth benefit similarly from these programs. Familias Unidas is a family-focused intervention designed to prevent substance use and sexual risk among Hispanic youth and has recently demonstrated unanticipated reductions in internalizing symptoms for some youth. This paper examines variation in intervention response for internalizing symptoms using individual-level data pooled across four distinct Familias Unidas trials: (1) 266 eighth grade students recruited from the general school population; (2) 160 ninth grade students from the general school population; (3) 213 adolescents with conduct, aggression, and/or attention problems; and (4) 242 adolescents with a delinquency history. Causal inference growth mixture modeling suggests a three-class model. The two largest classes represent youth with low (60 %) and medium (27 %) internalizing symptoms at baseline, and both intervention and control participants show reductions in internalizing symptoms. The third class (13 %) represents youth with high levels of baseline internalizing symptoms who remain at steady levels of internalizing symptoms when exposed to the intervention, but who experience an increase in symptoms under the control condition. Female gender, low baseline levels of parent-adolescent communication, and older age were associated with membership in the high-risk class. These synthesis analyses involving a large sample of youth with varying initial risk levels represent a further step toward strengthening our knowledge of preventive intervention response and improving preventive interventions.
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Lynch FL, Dickerson JF, Clarke GN, Beardslee WR, Weersing VR, Gladstone TRG, Porta G, Brent DA, Mark TL, DeBar LL, Hollon SD, Garber J. Cost-Effectiveness of Preventing Depression Among At-Risk Youths: Postintervention and 2-Year Follow-Up. Psychiatr Serv 2019; 70:279-286. [PMID: 30929618 PMCID: PMC6897501 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201800144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Youth depression can be prevented, yet few programs are offered. Decision makers lack cost information. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral prevention program (CBP) versus usual care. METHODS A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted with data from a randomized controlled trial of 316 youths, ages 13-17, randomly assigned to CBP or usual care. Youths were at risk of depression because of a prior depressive disorder or subthreshold depressive symptoms, or both, and had parents with a prior or current depressive disorder. Outcomes included depression-free days (DFDs), quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and costs. RESULTS Nine months after baseline assessment, youths in CBP experienced 12 more DFDs (p=.020) and .018 more QALYs (p=.007), compared with youths in usual care, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $24,558 per QALY. For youths whose parents were not depressed at baseline, CBP youths had 26 more DFDs (p=.001), compared with those in usual care (ICER=$10,498 per QALY). At 33 months postbaseline, youths in CBP had 40 more DFDs (p=.05) (ICER=$12,787 per QALY). At 33 months, CBP youths whose parents were not depressed at baseline had 91 more DFDs (p=.001) (ICER=$13,620 per QALY). For youths with a currently depressed parent at baseline, CBP was not significantly more effective than usual care at either 9 or 33 months, and costs were higher. CONCLUSIONS CBP produced significantly better outcomes than usual care and was particularly cost-effective for youths whose parents were not depressed at baseline. Depression prevention programs could improve youths' health at a reasonable cost; services to treat depressed parents may also be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances L Lynch
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - John F Dickerson
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Gregory N Clarke
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - William R Beardslee
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - V Robin Weersing
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tracy R G Gladstone
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Giovanna Porta
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David A Brent
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tami L Mark
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lynn L DeBar
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Steven D Hollon
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Judy Garber
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon (Lynch, Dickerson, Clarke, DeBar); Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston (Beardslee); San Diego State University (SDSU)-University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, SDSU, San Diego (Weersing); Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts (Gladstone); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Porta); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (Brent); Behavioral Health Financing, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Mark); Department of Psychology (Hollon) and Department of Psychiatry (Garber), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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Beaudry MB, Swartz K, Miller L, Schweizer B, Glazer K, Wilcox H. Effectiveness of the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP) on Depression Literacy and Mental Health Treatment. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2019; 89:165-172. [PMID: 30644108 PMCID: PMC6370293 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of data from a NIMH-supported study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP) in promoting depression literacy and help-seeking behavior. METHODS Eighteen Pennsylvania schools were matched on size, sex, race, test scores, median income, and free/reduced lunch status. Schools randomized to the intervention implemented ADAP as a compulsory part of the schools health curriculum, while control schools collected study measures. RESULTS Post-randomization analysis revealed no significant differences by sex on the pre-assessments between intervention and control schools. In the intervention schools, a total of 1427 students received ADAP. Written parental consent and adolescent assent was obtained from 33.7% students. The online REDCap survey was completed by 41.78% of the consenting students. The Adolescent Depression Knowledge Questionnaire (ADKQ) findings suggest that ADAP significantly improved depression knowledge (Est. =1.07, SE =.25, p < .001), compared to those in the control group. ADAP was found to facilitate help-seeking behavior by student report in those participating in the REDCap survey 4 months following the ADAP curriculum. CONCLUSIONS Results of the survey suggests that ADAP facilitates help-seeking behaviors in teens. This study supports the efficacy of a teacher delivered school-based universal prevention program, ADAP, on depression literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Beaudry
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, Phone: (410) 955-9075
| | - Karen Swartz
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287,
| | - Leslie Miller
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287,
| | - Barbara Schweizer
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287,
| | - Kara Glazer
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 550 N Broadway, Suite 201, Baltimore, MD 21287,
| | - Holly Wilcox
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 550 N Broadway, Suite 201, Baltimore, MD 21287,
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Reed-Fitzke K. The Role of Self-Concepts in Emerging Adult Depression: A Systematic Research Synthesis. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-018-09324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- David Daniel Ebert
- Behavioral Health Promotion and Technology Lab, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Recent advances in the prevention of mental disorders. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:325-339. [PMID: 29546492 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prevention of mental disorders is a rapidly growing area of research with substantial potential benefits for population health. This paper reviews the evidence base for prevention of depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. METHODS We synthesized evidence from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between 2013 and 2018 on prevention of depression, anxiety, and first-episode psychosis. We included reviews of randomized controlled trials testing psychological, psychosocial, and pharmacological preventive interventions. RESULTS There is good evidence that depression and anxiety can be prevented, although effect sizes are generally small. Indicated prevention of first-episode psychosis appears promising. Economic evaluations provide support for prevention of depression, anxiety, and first-episode psychosis, but more studies evaluating costs and benefits are needed to strengthen the knowledge base, particularly regarding long-term outcomes, which include chronicity of the prevented disorder, as well as later occurence of important comorbid mental and physical health problems. Promising areas for further development include internet- or computer-based prevention strategies, mindfulness-based interventions, and integration of prevention programs within occupational settings. CONCLUSIONS A number of interventions to prevent mental disorders are efficacious. While intervention effect sizes are generally small for prevention of depression and anxiety, they may nonetheless be of significant population benefit. Using the growing evidence base to inform policy and dissemination of evidence-based prevention programs is critical for moving prevention science into real-world settings.
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