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Dalle S, Abderrahmani A. Receptors and Signaling Pathways Controlling Beta-Cell Function and Survival as Targets for Anti-Diabetic Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2024; 13:1244. [PMID: 39120275 PMCID: PMC11311556 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Preserving the function and survival of pancreatic beta-cells, in order to achieve long-term glycemic control and prevent complications, is an essential feature for an innovative drug to have clinical value in the treatment of diabetes. Innovative research is developing therapeutic strategies to prevent pathogenic mechanisms and protect beta-cells from the deleterious effects of inflammation and/or chronic hyperglycemia over time. A better understanding of receptors and signaling pathways, and of how they interact with each other in beta-cells, remains crucial and is a prerequisite for any strategy to develop therapeutic tools aimed at modulating beta-cell function and/or mass. Here, we present a comprehensive review of our knowledge on membrane and intracellular receptors and signaling pathways as targets of interest to protect beta-cells from dysfunction and apoptotic death, which opens or could open the way to the development of innovative therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Dalle
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Université Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F59000 Lille, France
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Wang M, Pugh SM, Daboul J, Miller D, Xu Y, Hill JW. IGF-1 Acts through Kiss1-expressing Cells to Influence Metabolism and Reproduction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.02.601722. [PMID: 39005405 PMCID: PMC11244982 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.02.601722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Objective Kisspeptin, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, ties puberty and fertility to energy status; however, the metabolic factors that control Kiss1-expressing cells need to be clarified. Methods To evaluate the impact of IGF-1 on the metabolic and reproductive functions of kisspeptin producing cells, we created mice with IGF-1 receptor deletion driven by the Kiss1 promoter (IGF1RKiss1 mice). Previous studies have shown IGF-1 and insulin can bind to each other's receptor, permitting IGF-1 signaling in the absence of IGF1R. Therefore, we also generated mice with simultaneous deletion of the IGF1R and insulin receptor (IR) in Kiss1-expressing cells (IGF1R/IRKiss1 mice). Results Loss of IGF1R in Kiss1 cells caused stunted body length. In addition, female IGF1RKiss1 mice displayed lower body weight and food intake plus higher energy expenditure and physical activity. This phenotype was linked to higher proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expression and heightened brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Male IGF1RKiss1 mice had mild changes in metabolic functions. Moreover, IGF1RKiss1 mice of both sexes experienced delayed puberty. Notably, male IGF1RKiss1 mice had impaired adulthood fertility accompanied by lower gonadotropin and testosterone levels. Thus, IGF1R in Kiss1-expressing cells impacts metabolism and reproduction in a sex-specific manner. IGF1R/IRKiss1 mice had higher fat mass and glucose intolerance, suggesting IGF1R and IR in Kiss1-expressing cells together regulate body composition and glucose homeostasis. Conclusions Overall, our study shows that IGF1R and IR in Kiss1 have cooperative roles in body length, metabolism, and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Wang
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seamus M. Pugh
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Judy Daboul
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - David Miller
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer W. Hill
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Meyer NMT, Kabisch S, Dambeck U, Honsek C, Kemper M, Gerbracht C, Arafat AM, Birkenfeld AL, Schwarz PEH, Machann J, Osterhoff MA, Weickert MO, Pfeiffer AFH. IGF-1 and IGFBP-1 as Possible Predictors of Response to Lifestyle Intervention-Results from Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6400. [PMID: 38928106 PMCID: PMC11203659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle interventions can prevent type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, some individuals do not experience anticipated improvements despite weight loss. Biomarkers to identify such individuals at early stages are lacking. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF- 1) and Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1(IGFBP-1) were shown to predict T2DM onset in prediabetes. We assessed whether these markers also predict the success of lifestyle interventions, thereby possibly guiding personalized strategies. We analyzed the fasting serum levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-1, and Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) in relation to changes in metabolic and anthropometric parameters, including intrahepatic lipids (IHLs) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume, measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in 345 participants with a high risk for prediabetes (54% female; aged 36-80 years). Participants were enrolled in three randomized dietary intervention trials and assessed both at baseline and one year post-intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 28), and significance was set at p < 0.05. Within the 1-year intervention, overall significant improvements were observed. Stratifying individuals by baseline IGF-1 and IGFBP-1 percentiles revealed significant differences: higher IGF-1 levels were associated with more favorable changes compared to lower levels, especially in VAT and IHL. Lower baseline IGFBP-1 levels were associated with greater improvements, especially in IHL and 2 h glucose. Higher bioactive IGF-1 levels might predict better metabolic outcomes following lifestyle interventions in prediabetes, potentially serving as biomarkers for personalized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M. T. Meyer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.M.T.M.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Stefan Kabisch
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.M.T.M.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ulrike Dambeck
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Caroline Honsek
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Margrit Kemper
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Christiana Gerbracht
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ayman M. Arafat
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.M.T.M.)
| | - Andreas L. Birkenfeld
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM), Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV—Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Peter E. H. Schwarz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Clinic of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Machann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM), Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin A. Osterhoff
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Martin O. Weickert
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- The ARDEN NET Centre, ENETS CoE, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences (ABES), Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
- Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (N.M.T.M.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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Vong CT, Tan D, Liao F, Chen Z, Chen Z, Tseng HHL, Cheang WS, Wang S, Wang Y. Ginsenoside Rk1 Ameliorates ER Stress-Induced Apoptosis through Directly Activating IGF-1R in Mouse Pancreatic [Formula: see text]-Cells and Diabetic Pancreas. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:1195-1211. [PMID: 38798150 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induces chronic stresses, such as oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which can result in [Formula: see text]-cell dysfunction and development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Ginsenoside Rk1 is a minor ginsenoside isolated from Ginseng. It has been shown to exert anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective effects; however, its effects on pancreatic cells in T2DM have never been studied. This study aims to examine the novel effects of Ginsenoside Rk1 on ER stress-induced apoptosis in a pancreatic [Formula: see text]-cell line MIN6 and HFD-induced diabetic pancreas, and their underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that Ginsenoside Rk1 alleviated ER stress-induced apoptosis in MIN6 cells, which was accomplished by directly targeting and activating insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), thus activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/Bcl-2-associated agonist of cell death (Bad)-B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) pathway. This pathway was also confirmed in an HFD-induced diabetic pancreas. Meanwhile, the use of the IGF-1R inhibitor PQ401 abolished this anti-apoptotic effect, confirming the role of IGF-1R in mediating anti-apoptosis effects exerted by Ginsenoside Rk1. Besides, Ginsenoside Rk1 reduced pancreas weights and increased pancreatic insulin contents, suggesting that it could protect the pancreas from HFD-induced diabetes. Taken together, our study provided novel protective effects of Ginsenoside Rk1 on ER stress-induced [Formula: see text]-cell apoptosis and HFD-induced diabetic pancreases, as well as its direct target with IGF-1R, indicating that Ginsenoside Rk1 could be a potential drug for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Teng Vong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Dechao Tan
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Fengyun Liao
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Zhejie Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nuclei Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Zhangmei Chen
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Hisa Hui Ling Tseng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P. R. China
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Hurcombe JA, Barrington F, Marchetti M, Betin VM, Bowen EE, Lay AC, Ni L, Dayalan L, Pope RJ, Brinkkoetter PT, Holzenberger M, Welsh GI, Coward RJ. Contrasting consequences of podocyte insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor inhibition. iScience 2024; 27:109749. [PMID: 38706850 PMCID: PMC11068853 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling to the glomerular podocyte via the insulin receptor (IR) is critical for kidney function. In this study we show that near-complete knockout of the closely related insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) in podocytes is detrimental, resulting in albuminuria in vivo and podocyte cell death in vitro. In contrast, partial podocyte IGF1R knockdown confers protection against doxorubicin-induced podocyte injury. Proteomic analysis of cultured podocytes revealed that while near-complete loss of podocyte IGF1R results in the downregulation of mitochondrial respiratory complex I and DNA damage repair proteins, partial IGF1R inhibition promotes respiratory complex expression. This suggests that altered mitochondrial function and resistance to podocyte stress depends on the level of IGF1R suppression, the latter determining whether receptor inhibition is protective or detrimental. Our work suggests that the partial suppression of podocyte IGF1R could have therapeutic benefits in treating albuminuric kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lan Ni
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Paul T. Brinkkoetter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Chang X, Liu X. MDIC3: Matrix decomposition to infer cell-cell communication. PATTERNS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 5:100911. [PMID: 38370122 PMCID: PMC10873161 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Crosstalk among cells is vital for maintaining the biological function and intactness of systems. Most existing methods for investigating cell-cell communications are based on ligand-receptor (L-R) expression, and they focus on the study between two cells. Thus, the final communication inference results are particularly sensitive to the completeness and accuracy of the prior biological knowledge. Because existing L-R research focuses mainly on humans, most existing methods can only examine cell-cell communication for humans. As far as we know, there is currently no effective method to overcome this species limitation. Here, we propose MDIC3 (matrix decomposition to infer cell-cell communication), an unsupervised tool to investigate cell-cell communication in any species, and the results are not limited by specific L-R pairs or signaling pathways. By comparing it with existing methods for the inference of cell-cell communication, MDIC3 obtained better performance in both humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Weihai 364209, China
| | - Yuelei Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Weihai 364209, China
| | - Xiao Chang
- Institute of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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Xu G, Chen J, Lu B, Sethupathy P, Qian WJ, Shalev A. Verapamil Prevents Decline of IGF-I in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes and Promotes β-Cell IGF-I Signaling. Diabetes 2023; 72:1460-1469. [PMID: 37494660 PMCID: PMC10545554 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Verapamil promotes functional β-cell mass and improves glucose homeostasis in diabetic mice and humans with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Now, our global proteomics analysis of serum from subjects with T1D at baseline and after 1 year of receiving verapamil or placebo revealed IGF-I as a protein with significantly changed abundance over time. IGF-I, which promotes β-cell survival and insulin secretion, decreased during disease progression, and this decline was blunted by verapamil. In addition, we found that verapamil reduces β-cell expression of IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), whereas IGFBP3 was increased in human islets exposed to T1D-associated cytokines and in diabetic NOD mouse islets. IGFBP3 binds IGF-I and blocks its downstream signaling, which has been associated with increased β-cell apoptosis and impaired glucose homeostasis. Consistent with the downregulation of IGFBP3, we have now discovered that verapamil increases β-cell IGF-I signaling and phosphorylation/activation of the IGF-I receptor (IGF1R). Moreover, we found that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a proapoptotic factor downregulated by verapamil, promotes IGFBP3 expression and inhibits the phosphorylation/activation of IGF1R. Thus, our results reveal IGF-I signaling as yet another previously unappreciated pathway affected by verapamil and TXNIP that may contribute to the beneficial verapamil effects in the context of T1D. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS Verapamil prevents the decline of IGF-I in subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Verapamil decreases the expression of β-cell IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), whereas IGFBP3 is increased in human and mouse islets under T1D conditions. Verapamil promotes β-cell IGF-I signaling by increasing phosphorylation of IGF-I receptor and its downstream effector AKT. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) increases IGFBP3 expression and inhibits the phosphorylation/activation of IGF1R in β-cells. Regulation of IGFBP3 and IGF-I signaling by verapamil and TXNIP may contribute to the beneficial verapamil effects in the context of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlan Xu
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Junqin Chen
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Brian Lu
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Anath Shalev
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Sionov RV, Ahdut-HaCohen R. A Supportive Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Insulin-Producing Langerhans Islets with a Specific Emphasis on The Secretome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2558. [PMID: 37761001 PMCID: PMC10527322 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a gradual destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the endocrine pancreas due to innate and specific immune responses, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. T1D patients usually require regular insulin injections after meals to maintain normal serum glucose levels. In severe cases, pancreas or Langerhans islet transplantation can assist in reaching a sufficient β-mass to normalize glucose homeostasis. The latter procedure is limited because of low donor availability, high islet loss, and immune rejection. There is still a need to develop new technologies to improve islet survival and implantation and to keep the islets functional. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells with high plasticity that can support human pancreatic islet function both in vitro and in vivo and islet co-transplantation with MSCs is more effective than islet transplantation alone in attenuating diabetes progression. The beneficial effect of MSCs on islet function is due to a combined effect on angiogenesis, suppression of immune responses, and secretion of growth factors essential for islet survival and function. In this review, various aspects of MSCs related to islet function and diabetes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ronit Ahdut-HaCohen
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Medical Research, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Department of Science, The David Yellin Academic College of Education, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel
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Page L, Younge N, Freemark M. Hormonal Determinants of Growth and Weight Gain in the Human Fetus and Preterm Infant. Nutrients 2023; 15:4041. [PMID: 37764824 PMCID: PMC10537367 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The factors controlling linear growth and weight gain in the human fetus and newborn infant are poorly understood. We review here the changes in linear growth, weight gain, lean body mass, and fat mass during mid- and late gestation and the early postnatal period in the context of changes in the secretion and action of maternal, placental, fetal, and neonatal hormones, growth factors, and adipocytokines. We assess the effects of hormonal determinants on placental nutrient delivery and the impact of preterm delivery on hormone expression and postnatal growth and metabolic function. We then discuss the effects of various maternal disorders and nutritional and pharmacologic interventions on fetal and perinatal hormone and growth factor production, growth, and fat deposition and consider important unresolved questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Page
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Noelle Younge
- Neonatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Michael Freemark
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
- The Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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10
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Iwasaki K, Lalani B, Kahng J, Carapeto P, Sanjines S, Hela F, Abarca C, Tsuji T, Darcy J, Bartke A, Tseng YH, Kulkarni RN, Aguayo-Mazzucato C. Decreased IGF1R attenuates senescence and improves function in pancreatic β-cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1203534. [PMID: 37441495 PMCID: PMC10335398 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1203534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The enhanced β-cell senescence that accompanies insulin resistance and aging contributes to cellular dysfunction and loss of transcriptional identity leading to type 2 diabetes (T2D). While senescence is among the 12 recognized hallmarks of aging, its relation to other hallmarks including altered nutrient sensing (insulin/IGF1 pathway) in β-cells is not fully understood. We previously reported that an increased expression of IGF1R in mouse and human β-cells is a marker of older β-cells; however, its contribution to age-related dysfunction and cellular senescence remains to be determined. Methods In this study, we explored the direct role of IGF1R in β-cell function and senescence using two independent mouse models with decreased IGF1/IGF1R signaling: a) Ames Dwarf mice (Dwarf +/+), which lack growth hormone and therefore have reduced circulating levels of IGF1, and b) inducible β-cell-specific IGF1R knockdown (βIgf1rKD) mice. Results Compared to Dwarf+/- mice, Dwarf+/+ mice had lower body and pancreas weight, lower circulating IGF1 and insulin levels, and lower IGF1R and p21Cip1 protein expression in β-cells, suggesting the suppression of senescence. Adult βIgf1rKD mice showed improved glucose clearance and glucose-induced insulin secretion, accompanied by decreased p21Cip1 protein expression in β-cells. RNA-Seq of islets isolated from these βIgf1rKD mice revealed the restoration of three signaling pathways known to be downregulated by aging: sulfide oxidation, autophagy, and mTOR signaling. Additionally, deletion of IGF1R in mouse β-cells increased transcription of genes important for maintaining β-cell identity and function, such as Mafa, Nkx6.1, and Kcnj11, while decreasing senescence-related genes, such as Cdkn2a, Il1b, and Serpine 1. Decreased senescence and improved insulin-secretory function of β-cells were also evident when the βIgf1rKD mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal from fat, for 5 weeks). Discussion These results suggest that IGF1R signaling plays a causal role in aging-induced β-cell dysfunction. Our data also demonstrate a relationship between decreased IGF1R signaling and suppressed cellular senescence in pancreatic β-cells. Future studies can further our understanding of the interaction between senescence and aging, developing interventions that restore β-cell function and identity, therefore preventing the progression to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Iwasaki
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Benjamin Lalani
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jiho Kahng
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Priscila Carapeto
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephanie Sanjines
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Francesko Hela
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cristian Abarca
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tadataka Tsuji
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Justin Darcy
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Research, Department of Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rohit N. Kulkarni
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cristina Aguayo-Mazzucato
- Section on Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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11
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Thai LM, O’Reilly L, Reibe-Pal S, Sue N, Holliday H, Small L, Schmitz-Peiffer C, Dhenni R, Wang-Wei Tsai V, Norris N, Yau B, Zhang X, Lee K, Yan C, Shi YC, Kebede MA, Brink R, Cooney GJ, Irvine KM, Breit SN, Phan TG, Swarbrick A, Biden TJ. β-cell function is regulated by metabolic and epigenetic programming of islet-associated macrophages, involving Axl, Mertk, and TGFβ receptor signaling. iScience 2023; 26:106477. [PMID: 37091234 PMCID: PMC10113792 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We have exploited islet-associated macrophages (IAMs) as a model of resident macrophage function, focusing on more physiological conditions than the commonly used extremes of M1 (inflammation) versus M2 (tissue remodeling) polarization. Under steady state, murine IAMs are metabolically poised between aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, and thereby exert a brake on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). This is underpinned by epigenetic remodeling via the metabolically regulated histone demethylase Kdm5a. Conversely, GSIS is enhanced by engaging Axl receptors on IAMs, or by augmenting their oxidation of glucose. Following high-fat feeding, efferocytosis is stimulated in IAMs in conjunction with Mertk and TGFβ receptor signaling. This impairs GSIS and potentially contributes to β-cell failure in pre-diabetes. Thus, IAMs serve as relays in many more settings than currently appreciated, fine-tuning insulin secretion in response to dynamic changes in the external environment. Intervening in this nexus might represent a means of preserving β-cell function during metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le May Thai
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Liam O’Reilly
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Nancy Sue
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly Holliday
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lewin Small
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carsten Schmitz-Peiffer
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rama Dhenni
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Nicholas Norris
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Belinda Yau
- Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kailun Lee
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chenxu Yan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melkam A. Kebede
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Cooney
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Samuel N. Breit
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tri G. Phan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander Swarbrick
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Trevor J. Biden
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Corresponding author
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12
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Meyer NMT, Kabisch S, Dambeck U, Honsek C, Kemper M, Gerbracht C, Arafat AM, Birkenfeld AL, Schwarz PEH, Machann J, Osterhoff MA, Weickert MO, Pfeiffer AFH. Low IGF1 and high IGFBP1 predict diabetes onset in prediabetic patients. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 187:555-565. [PMID: 36005859 DOI: 10.1530/eje-22-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Some individuals develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) despite significant metabolic improvements through lifestyle intervention. We tested the hypotheses that insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) and its binding proteins 1 and 2 predict the onset of T2DM in prediabetes patients and determine the capacity for metabolic regeneration. DESIGN We measured fasting serum IGF1, insulin growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) and IGFBP2 in three randomized controlled lifestyle intervention trials, covering at least 1 year of intervention period and 1 year of additional follow-up. METHODS Within a sample of 414 high-risk prediabetes patients (58% women; 28-80 years), we analyzed fasting serum concentrations of IGF1, IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 in relation to diabetes incidence and metabolic parameters over 2 years. Three hundred and forty-five subjects finished the first year of intervention. RESULTS The interventions significantly improved body weight (BMI: -3.24%, P < 0.001), liver fat (-36.8%, P < 0.001), insulin sensitivity (IS) (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance: -6.3%, P < 0.001) and insulin secretion (disposition index: +35%, P < 0.001) in the cohort. Fourteen percent developed T2DM within 2 years. Mean IGFBP1 levels at baseline were lower in prediabetes compared to a healthy population. Also, prediabetes patients with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease had lower IGFBP1. Those with impaired glucose tolerance had higher IGFBP1 compared to those with only impaired fasting glucose. Baseline IGF1 was lower (122.5 vs 146.6 µg/L) and IGFBP1 was higher (3.32 vs 2.09 µg/L) in subjects who developed T2DM (n = 57), resulting in a significant prediction of diabetes incidence (hazard ratio (HR) IGF1: 0.991 µg/L, P = 0.003; HR IGFBP1: 1.061 µg/L, P = 0.002). This translates into a 20% and 9% difference in T2DM incidence for IGF1 and IGFBP1, respectively. Despite reduced weight, visceral fat and hepatic fat in response to 1 year of lifestyle intervention, those who developed T2DM had not improved insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance or IGFBP1. CONCLUSIONS Lower IGF1 and higher IGFBP1 in prediabetes predicted the incidence of T2DM, indicating an impairment of beta-cell function, which explains the unresponsiveness to lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M T Meyer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Stefan Kabisch
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ulrike Dambeck
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Caroline Honsek
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Margrit Kemper
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Christiana Gerbracht
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ayman M Arafat
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV - Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter E H Schwarz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Departments for Prevention and Care of Diabetes and Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Machann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin A Osterhoff
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Martin O Weickert
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, The ARDEN NET Centre, ENETS CoE, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences (ABES), Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Group Clinical Nutrition/DZD, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
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13
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Jain C, Bilekova S, Lickert H. Targeting pancreatic β cells for diabetes treatment. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1097-1108. [PMID: 36131204 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00618-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is a life-saving drug for patients with type 1 diabetes; however, even today, no pharmacotherapy can prevent the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic insulin-producing β cells to stop or reverse disease progression. Thus, pancreatic β cells have been a main focus for cell-replacement and regenerative therapies as a curative treatment for diabetes. In this Review, we highlight recent advances toward the development of diabetes therapies that target β cells to enhance proliferation, redifferentiation and protection from cell death and/or enable selective killing of senescent β cells. We describe currently available therapies and their mode of action, as well as insufficiencies of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and insulin therapies. We discuss and summarize data collected over the last decades that support the notion that pharmacological targeting of β cell insulin signalling might protect and/or regenerate β cells as an improved treatment of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag Jain
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Immunology Discovery, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sara Bilekova
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
- Chair of β-Cell Biology, Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany.
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14
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Fang F, Goldstein JL, Shi X, Liang G, Brown MS. Unexpected role for IGF-1 in starvation: Maintenance of blood glucose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208855119. [PMID: 35914126 PMCID: PMC9371671 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208855119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild-type (WT) mice maintain viable levels of blood glucose even when adipose stores are depleted by 6 d of 60% calorie restriction followed by a 23-h fast (hereafter designated as "starved" mice). Survival depends on ghrelin, an octanoylated peptide hormone. Mice that lack ghrelin suffer lethal hypoglycemia when subjected to the same starvation regimen. Ghrelin is known to stimulate secretion of growth hormone (GH), which in turn stimulates secretion of IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1). In the current study, we found that starved ghrelin-deficient mice had a 90% reduction in plasma IGF-1 when compared with starved WT mice. Injection of IGF-1 in starved ghrelin-deficient mice caused a twofold increase in glucose production and raised blood glucose to levels seen in starved WT mice. Increased glucose production was accompanied by increases in plasma glycerol, fatty acids and ketone bodies, and hepatic triglycerides. All of these increases were abolished when the mice were treated with atglistatin, an inhibitor of adipose tissue triglyceride lipase. We conclude that IGF-1 stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis in starved mice and that this lipolysis supplies energy and substrates that restore hepatic gluconeogenesis. This action of IGF-1 in starved mice is in contrast to its known action in inhibiting adipose tissue lipase in fed mice. Surprisingly, the ghrelin-dependent maintenance of plasma IGF-1 in starved mice was not mediated by GH. Direct injection of GH into starved ghrelin-deficient mice failed to increase plasma IGF-1. These data call attention to an unsuspected role of IGF-1 in the adaptation to starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Joseph L. Goldstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Xuanming Shi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Guosheng Liang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Michael S. Brown
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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15
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Sim EZ, Enomoto T, Shiraki N, Furuta N, Kashio S, Kambe T, Tsuyama T, Arakawa A, Ozawa H, Yokoyama M, Miura M, Kume S. Methionine metabolism regulates pluripotent stem cell pluripotency and differentiation through zinc mobilization. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111120. [PMID: 35858556 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit a unique feature that requires S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) for the maintenance of their pluripotency. Methionine deprivation in the medium causes a reduction in intracellular SAM, thus rendering PSCs in a state potentiated for differentiation. In this study, we find that methionine deprivation triggers a reduction in intracellular protein-bound Zn content and upregulation of Zn exporter SLC30A1 in PSCs. Culturing PSCs in Zn-deprived medium results in decreased intracellular protein-bound Zn content, reduced cell growth, and potentiated differentiation, which partially mimics methionine deprivation. PSCs cultured under Zn deprivation exhibit an altered methionine metabolism-related metabolite profile. We conclude that methionine deprivation potentiates differentiation partly by lowering cellular Zn content. We establish a protocol to generate functional pancreatic β cells by applying methionine and Zn deprivation. Our results reveal a link between Zn signaling and methionine metabolism in the regulation of cell fate in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinn Zixuan Sim
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shiraki
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Nao Furuta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Soshiro Kashio
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tsuyama
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Arakawa
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Mizuho Yokoyama
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miura
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shoen Kume
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-25 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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16
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Rajala A, Teel K, Bhat MA, Batushansky A, Griffin TM, Purcell L, Rajala RVS. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor mediates photoreceptor neuroprotection. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:613. [PMID: 35840554 PMCID: PMC9287313 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) is a neurotrophic factor and is the ligand for insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R). Reduced expression of IGF-1 has been reported to cause deafness, mental retardation, postnatal growth failure, and microcephaly. IGF-1R is expressed in the retina and photoreceptor neurons; however, its functional role is not known. Global IGF-1 KO mice have age-related vision loss. We determined that conditional deletion of IGF-1R in photoreceptors and pan-retinal cells produces age-related visual function loss and retinal degeneration. Retinal pigment epithelial cell-secreted IGF-1 may be a source for IGF-1R activation in the retina. Altered retinal, fatty acid, and phosphoinositide metabolism are observed in photoreceptor and retinal cells lacking IGF-1R. Our results suggest that the IGF-1R pathway is indispensable for photoreceptor survival, and activation of IGF-1R may be an essential element of photoreceptor and retinal neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammaji Rajala
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Kenneth Teel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Mohd A Bhat
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | | | | | - Lindsey Purcell
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Raju V S Rajala
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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17
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Qian Y, Berryman DE, Basu R, List EO, Okada S, Young JA, Jensen EA, Bell SRC, Kulkarni P, Duran-Ortiz S, Mora-Criollo P, Mathes SC, Brittain AL, Buchman M, Davis E, Funk KR, Bogart J, Ibarra D, Mendez-Gibson I, Slyby J, Terry J, Kopchick JJ. Mice with gene alterations in the GH and IGF family. Pituitary 2022; 25:1-51. [PMID: 34797529 PMCID: PMC8603657 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-021-01191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Much of our understanding of GH's action stems from animal models and the generation and characterization of genetically altered or modified mice. Manipulation of genes in the GH/IGF1 family in animals started in 1982 when the first GH transgenic mice were produced. Since then, multiple laboratories have altered mouse DNA to globally disrupt Gh, Ghr, and other genes upstream or downstream of GH or its receptor. The ability to stay current with the various genetically manipulated mouse lines within the realm of GH/IGF1 research has been daunting. As such, this review attempts to consolidate and summarize the literature related to the initial characterization of many of the known gene-manipulated mice relating to the actions of GH, PRL and IGF1. We have organized the mouse lines by modifications made to constituents of the GH/IGF1 family either upstream or downstream of GHR or to the GHR itself. Available data on the effect of altered gene expression on growth, GH/IGF1 levels, body composition, reproduction, diabetes, metabolism, cancer, and aging are summarized. For the ease of finding this information, key words are highlighted in bold throughout the main text for each mouse line and this information is summarized in Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4. Most importantly, the collective data derived from and reported for these mice have enhanced our understanding of GH action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Qian
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Darlene E Berryman
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Reetobrata Basu
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Edward O List
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Shigeru Okada
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan A Young
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Jensen
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Translational Biomedical Sciences Doctoral Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Stephen R C Bell
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Prateek Kulkarni
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | | | - Patricia Mora-Criollo
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Translational Biomedical Sciences Doctoral Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Samuel C Mathes
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Alison L Brittain
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Mat Buchman
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Emily Davis
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Kevin R Funk
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Jolie Bogart
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Diego Ibarra
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Isaac Mendez-Gibson
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Julie Slyby
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Joseph Terry
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - John J Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
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18
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Matsushita M, Fujita K, Hatano K, De Velasco MA, Uemura H, Nonomura N. Connecting the Dots Between the Gut-IGF-1-Prostate Axis: A Role of IGF-1 in Prostate Carcinogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:852382. [PMID: 35370981 PMCID: PMC8965097 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.852382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men worldwide, thus developing effective prevention strategies remain a critical challenge. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is produced mainly in the liver by growth hormone signaling and is necessary for normal physical growth. However, several studies have shown an association between increased levels of circulating IGF-1 and the risk of developing solid malignancies, including PCa. Because the IGF-1 receptor is overexpressed in PCa, IGF-1 can accelerate PCa growth by activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase, or increasing sex hormone sensitivity. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are beneficial gut microbial metabolites, mainly because of their anti-inflammatory effects. However, we have demonstrated that gut microbiota-derived SCFAs increase the production of IGF-1 in the liver and prostate. This promotes the progression of PCa by the activation of IGF-1 receptor downstream signaling. In addition, the relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, such as Alistipes, are increased in gut microbiomes of patients with high-grade PCa. IGF-1 production is therefore affected by the gut microbiome, dietary habits, and genetic background, and may play a central role in prostate carcinogenesis. The pro-tumor effects of bacteria and diet-derived metabolites might be potentially countered through dietary regimens and supplements. The specific diets or supplements that are effective are unclear. Further research into the "Gut-IGF-1-Prostate Axis" may help discover optimal diets and nutritional supplements that could be implemented for prevention of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Matsushita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazutoshi Fujita,
| | - Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Marco A. De Velasco
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Uemura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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19
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Konecny GE, Hendrickson AEW, Davidson TM, Winterhoff BJ, Ma S, Mahner S, Sehouli J, Fasching PA, Feisel-Schwickardi G, Poelcher M, Roman LD, Rody A, Karlan BY, Mullany SA, Chen H, Ray-Coquard IL, Provencher DM, Yachnin A, Cottu PH, Glaspy JA, Haluska P, Slamon DJ. Results of TRIO-14, a phase II, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of carboplatin-paclitaxel versus carboplatin-paclitaxel-ganitumab in newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 163:465-472. [PMID: 34642026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is implicated in pathogenesis and chemotherapy resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We explored efficacy and safety of adding ganitumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting IGF-1R, to carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) chemotherapy in patients with primary EOC. DESIGN Patients were randomly assigned to receive CP/ganitumab (18 mg/kg q3w) or CP/placebo for 6 cycles followed by 6 cycles of single agent ganitumab/placebo maintenance therapy as front-line therapy. Primary endpoint was progression free survival. Secondary endpoints were time to progression and overall survival. Pretreatment samples were prospectively collected for retrospective biomarker analyses. RESULTS 170 patients enrolled. 165 patients assessable for toxicity. Median PFS was 15.7 months with CP/ganitumab and 16.7 months with CP/placebo (HR 1.23; 95% CI 0.82-1.83, P = 0.313). All grade neutropenia (84.1% vs 71.4%), thrombocytopenia (75.3% vs 57.1%) and hyperglycemia (15.9% vs 2.6%) were more common in the ganitumab group compared to the placebo group. Ganitumab/placebo related serious adverse events were reported in 26.1% of the patients with ganitumab and in 6.5% with placebo. Non-progression related fatal events were more common with ganitumab (5 versus 2 patients). The ganitumab group experienced more dose delays which resulted in lower relative dose intensity of chemotherapy in the experimental group. In an exploratory model IGFBP2 expression was predictive of ganitumab response (treatment interaction; PFS, P = 0.03; OS, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Addition of ganitumab to CP chemotherapy in primary EOC did not improve PFS. Our results do not support further study of ganitumab in unselected EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Konecny
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | | | - T M Davidson
- Division of Oncology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B J Winterhoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S Ma
- Institute for Health Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S Mahner
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Sehouli
- University Hospital Charite, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe & Nord-Ostdeutsche-Gesellschaft für Gynäkologische Onkologie (NOGGO), Berlin, Germany
| | - P A Fasching
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - M Poelcher
- Department of Gynecology, Rotkreutzklinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - L D Roman
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Rody
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - B Y Karlan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S A Mullany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A Yachnin
- Department of Oncology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - J A Glaspy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Haluska
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Inc, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | - D J Slamon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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20
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Towards Understanding the Direct and Indirect Actions of Growth Hormone in Controlling Hepatocyte Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102532. [PMID: 34685512 PMCID: PMC8533955 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) is critical for achieving normal structural growth. In addition, GH plays an important role in regulating metabolic function. GH acts through its GH receptor (GHR) to modulate the production and function of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin. GH, IGF1, and insulin act on multiple tissues to coordinate metabolic control in a context-specific manner. This review will specifically focus on our current understanding of the direct and indirect actions of GH to control liver (hepatocyte) carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the context of normal fasting (sleep) and feeding (wake) cycles and in response to prolonged nutrient deprivation and excess. Caveats and challenges related to the model systems used and areas that require further investigation towards a clearer understanding of the role GH plays in metabolic health and disease are discussed.
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21
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The Roles of the IGF Axis in the Regulation of the Metabolism: Interaction and Difference between Insulin Receptor Signaling and IGF-I Receptor Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136817. [PMID: 34202916 PMCID: PMC8268872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well established that insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) mainly mediate long-term actions in cell fates, whereas insulin predominantly exerts its role on metabolic activity. Indeed, insulin mediates multiple anabolic biological activities in glucose and amino acid transport, lipid and protein synthesis, the induction of glycogen, the inhibition of gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, and protein degradation. The interactions and differences between insulin receptor signaling and IGF-I receptor signaling in the metabolism and the cell fates are quite complicated. Because of the overlapping actions of IGF-I singling with insulin signaling, it has been difficult to distinguish the role of both signaling mechanisms on the metabolism. Furthermore, comprehensive information on the IGF-I function in respective tissues remains insufficient. Therefore, we need to clarify the precise roles of IGF-I signaling on the metabolism separate from those of insulin signaling. This review focuses on the metabolic roles of IGFs in the respective tissues, especially in terms of comparison with those of insulin, by overviewing the metabolic phenotypes of tissue-specific IGF-I and insulin receptor knockout mice, as well as those in mice treated with the dual insulin receptor/IGF-I receptor inhibitor OSI-906.
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22
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Duran-Ortiz S, Corbin KL, Jahan I, Whitticar NB, Morris SE, Bartholomew AN, Slepchenko KG, West HL, Max Harry IM, List EO, Kopchick JJ, Nunemaker CS. Loss of growth hormone signaling in the mouse germline or in adulthood reduces islet mass and alters islet function with notable sex differences. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E1158-E1172. [PMID: 33938235 PMCID: PMC8285598 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00075.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the endocrine pancreas, growth hormone (GH) is known to promote pancreatic islet growth and insulin secretion. In this study, we show that GH receptor (GHR) loss in the germline and in adulthood impacts islet mass in general but more profoundly in male mice. GHR knockout (GHRKO) mice have enhanced insulin sensitivity and low circulating insulin. We show that the total cross-sectional area of isolated islets (estimated islet mass) was reduced by 72% in male but by only 29% in female GHRKO mice compared with wild-type controls. Also, islets from GHRKO mice secreted ∼50% less glucose-stimulated insulin compared with size-matched islets from wild-type mice. We next used mice with a floxed Ghr gene to knock down the GHR in adult mice at 6 mo of age (6mGHRKO) and examined the impact on glucose and islet metabolism. By 12 mo of age, female 6mGHRKO mice had increased body fat and reduced islet mass but had no change in glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. However, male 6mGHRKO mice had nearly twice as much body fat, substantially reduced islet mass, and enhanced insulin sensitivity, but no change in glucose tolerance. Despite large losses in islet mass, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets was not significantly different between male 6mGHRKO and controls, whereas isolated islets from female 6mGHRKO mice showed increased glucose-stimulated insulin release. Our findings demonstrate the importance of GH to islet mass throughout life and that unique sex-specific adaptations to the loss of GH signaling allow mice to maintain normal glucose metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Growth hormone (GH) is important for more than just growth. GH helps to maintain pancreatic islet mass and insulin secretion throughout life. Sex-specific adaptations to the loss of GH signaling allow mice to maintain normal glucose regulation despite losing islet mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Duran-Ortiz
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Kathryn L Corbin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Ishrat Jahan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Nicholas B Whitticar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Sarah E Morris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Ania N Bartholomew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Kira G Slepchenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Hannah L West
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Ibiagbani Mercy Max Harry
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Edward O List
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - John J Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Craig S Nunemaker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
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23
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White A, Stremming J, Boehmer BH, Chang EI, Jonker SS, Wesolowski SR, Brown LD, Rozance PJ. Reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion following a 1-wk IGF-1 infusion in late gestation fetal sheep is due to an intrinsic islet defect. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E1138-E1147. [PMID: 33938236 PMCID: PMC8285601 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00623.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are fetal hormones critical to establishing normal fetal growth. Experimentally elevated IGF-1 concentrations during late gestation increase fetal weight but lower fetal plasma insulin concentrations. We therefore hypothesized that infusion of an IGF-1 analog for 1 wk into late gestation fetal sheep would attenuate fetal glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and insulin secretion in islets isolated from these fetuses. Late gestation fetal sheep received infusions with IGF-1 LR3 (IGF-1, n = 8), an analog of IGF-1 with low affinity for the IGF binding proteins and high affinity for the IGF-1 receptor, or vehicle control (CON, n = 9). Fetal GSIS was measured with a hyperglycemic clamp (IGF-1, n = 8; CON, n = 7). Fetal islets were isolated, and insulin secretion was assayed in static incubations (IGF-1, n = 8; CON, n = 7). Plasma insulin and glucose concentrations in IGF-1 fetuses were lower compared with CON (P = 0.0135 and P = 0.0012, respectively). During the GSIS study, IGF-1 fetuses had lower insulin secretion compared with CON (P = 0.0453). In vitro, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion remained lower in islets isolated from IGF-1 fetuses (P = 0.0447). In summary, IGF-1 LR3 infusion for 1 wk into fetal sheep lowers insulin concentrations and reduces fetal GSIS. Impaired insulin secretion persists in isolated fetal islets indicating an intrinsic islet defect in insulin release when exposed to IGF-1 LR3 infusion for 1 wk. We speculate this alteration in the insulin/IGF-1 axis contributes to the long-term reduction in β-cell function in neonates born with elevated IGF-1 concentrations following pregnancies complicated by diabetes or other conditions associated with fetal overgrowth.NEW & NOTEWORTHY After a 1-wk infusion of IGF-1 LR3, late gestation fetal sheep had lower plasma insulin and glucose concentrations, reduced fetal glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and decreased fractional insulin secretion from isolated fetal islets without differences in pancreatic insulin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia White
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jane Stremming
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Brit H Boehmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Eileen I Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sonnet S Jonker
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Center for Developmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Stephanie R Wesolowski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura D Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paul J Rozance
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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24
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Zhang AM, Wellberg EA, Kopp JL, Johnson JD. Hyperinsulinemia in Obesity, Inflammation, and Cancer. Diabetes Metab J 2021; 45:285-311. [PMID: 33775061 PMCID: PMC8164941 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2020.0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative insufficiency of insulin secretion and/or insulin action causes diabetes. However, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus can be associated with an absolute increase in circulating insulin, a state known as hyperinsulinemia. Studies are beginning to elucidate the cause-effect relationships between hyperinsulinemia and numerous consequences of metabolic dysfunctions. Here, we review recent evidence demonstrating that hyperinsulinemia may play a role in inflammation, aging and development of cancers. In this review, we will focus on the consequences and mechanisms of excess insulin production and action, placing recent findings that have challenged dogma in the context of the existing body of literature. Where relevant, we elaborate on the role of specific signal transduction components in the actions of insulin and consequences of chronic hyperinsulinemia. By discussing the involvement of hyperinsulinemia in various metabolic and other chronic diseases, we may identify more effective therapeutics or lifestyle interventions for preventing or treating obesity, diabetes and cancer. We also seek to identify pertinent questions that are ripe for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni M.Y. Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A. Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Janel L. Kopp
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James D. Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Corresponding author: James D. Johnson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7523-9433 Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2329 W Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Vancouver, BC, Canada E-mail:
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25
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Elsayed AK, Vimalraj S, Nandakumar M, Abdelalim EM. Insulin resistance in diabetes: The promise of using induced pluripotent stem cell technology. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:221-235. [PMID: 33815671 PMCID: PMC8006014 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i3.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with several metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). The development of IR in insulin target tissues involves genetic and acquired factors. Persons at genetic risk for T2D tend to develop IR several years before glucose intolerance. Several rodent models for both IR and T2D are being used to study the disease pathogenesis; however, these models cannot recapitulate all the aspects of this complex disorder as seen in each individual. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can overcome the hurdles faced with the classical mouse models for studying IR. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be generated from the somatic cells of the patients without the need to destroy a human embryo. Therefore, patient-specific hiPSCs can generate cells genetically identical to IR individuals, which can help in distinguishing between genetic and acquired defects in insulin sensitivity. Combining the technologies of genome editing and hiPSCs may provide important information about the genetic factors underlying the development of different forms of IR. Further studies are required to fill the gaps in understanding the pathogenesis of IR and diabetes. In this review, we summarize the factors involved in the development of IR in the insulin-target tissues leading to diabetes. Also, we highlight the use of hPSCs to understand the mechanisms underlying the development of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Elsayed
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar
| | | | - Manjula Nandakumar
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar
| | - Essam M Abdelalim
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar
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26
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Nasteska D, Fine NHF, Ashford FB, Cuozzo F, Viloria K, Smith G, Dahir A, Dawson PWJ, Lai YC, Bastidas-Ponce A, Bakhti M, Rutter GA, Fiancette R, Nano R, Piemonti L, Lickert H, Zhou Q, Akerman I, Hodson DJ. PDX1 LOW MAFA LOW β-cells contribute to islet function and insulin release. Nat Commun 2021; 12:674. [PMID: 33514698 PMCID: PMC7846747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptionally mature and immature β-cells co-exist within the adult islet. How such diversity contributes to insulin release remains poorly understood. Here we show that subtle differences in β-cell maturity, defined using PDX1 and MAFA expression, contribute to islet operation. Functional mapping of rodent and human islets containing proportionally more PDX1HIGH and MAFAHIGH β-cells reveals defects in metabolism, ionic fluxes and insulin secretion. At the transcriptomic level, the presence of increased numbers of PDX1HIGH and MAFAHIGH β-cells leads to dysregulation of gene pathways involved in metabolic processes. Using a chemogenetic disruption strategy, differences in PDX1 and MAFA expression are shown to depend on islet Ca2+ signaling patterns. During metabolic stress, islet function can be restored by redressing the balance between PDX1 and MAFA levels across the β-cell population. Thus, preserving heterogeneity in PDX1 and MAFA expression, and more widely in β-cell maturity, might be important for the maintenance of islet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicholas H F Fine
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fiona B Ashford
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Katrina Viloria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gabrielle Smith
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aisha Dahir
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter W J Dawson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Yu-Chiang Lai
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.,MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Aimée Bastidas-Ponce
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Reproduction, and Digestion, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - Remi Fiancette
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rita Nano
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale, San Raffaele, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale, San Raffaele, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ildem Akerman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. .,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK. .,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK.
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28
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Inceptor counteracts insulin signalling in β-cells to control glycaemia. Nature 2021; 590:326-331. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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29
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Okawa ER, Gupta MK, Kahraman S, Goli P, Sakaguchi M, Hu J, Duan K, Slipp B, Lennerz JK, Kulkarni RN. Essential roles of insulin and IGF-1 receptors during embryonic lineage development. Mol Metab 2021; 47:101164. [PMID: 33453419 PMCID: PMC7890209 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors are important for the growth and development of embryonic tissues. To directly define their roles in the maintenance of pluripotency and differentiation of stem cells, we knocked out both receptors in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). iPSCs lacking both insulin and IGF-1 receptors (double knockout, DKO) exhibited preserved pluripotency potential despite decreased expression of transcription factors Lin28a and Tbx3 compared to control iPSCs. While embryoid body and teratoma assays revealed an intact ability of DKO iPSCs to form all three germ layers, the latter were composed of primitive neuroectodermal tumor-like cells in the DKO group. RNA-seq analyses of control vs DKO iPSCs revealed differential regulation of pluripotency, developmental, E2F1, and apoptosis pathways. Signaling analyses pointed to downregulation of the AKT/mTOR pathway and upregulation of the STAT3 pathway in DKO iPSCs in the basal state and following stimulation with insulin/IGF-1. Directed differentiation toward the three lineages was dysregulated in DKO iPSCs, with significant downregulation of key markers (Cebpα, Fas, Pparγ, and Fsp27) in adipocytes and transcription factors (Ngn3, Isl1, Pax6, and Neurod1) in pancreatic endocrine progenitors. Furthermore, differentiated pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells from DKO iPSCs showed increased apoptosis. We conclude that insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors are indispensable for normal lineage development and perturbations in the function and signaling of these receptors leads to upregulation of alternative compensatory pathways to maintain pluripotency. Insulin and IGF-1 receptor signaling regulate the expression of pluripotency genes Lin28 and Tbx3. The STAT3 pathway is upregulated in DKO iPSCs. RNA-seq analyses revealed key developmental and apoptosis pathways regulated by insulin and IGF-1 receptors. Lineage development was dysregulated in DKO iPSCs with downregulation of key mesoderm and endodermal markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Okawa
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Sevim Kahraman
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Praneeth Goli
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Masaji Sakaguchi
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jiang Hu
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kaiti Duan
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Brittany Slipp
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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30
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Chen J, Lippo L, Labella R, Tan SL, Marsden BD, Dustin ML, Ramasamy SK, Kusumbe AP. Decreased blood vessel density and endothelial cell subset dynamics during ageing of the endocrine system. EMBO J 2021; 40:e105242. [PMID: 33215738 PMCID: PMC7780152 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated alterations of the hormone-secreting endocrine system cause organ dysfunction and disease states. However, the cell biology of endocrine tissue ageing remains poorly understood. Here, we perform comparative 3D imaging to understand age-related perturbations of the endothelial cell (EC) compartment in endocrine glands. Datasets of a wide range of markers highlight a decline in capillary and artery numbers, but not of perivascular cells in pancreas, testis and thyroid gland, with age in mice and humans. Further, angiogenesis and β-cell expansion in the pancreas are coupled by a distinct age-dependent subset of ECs. While this EC subpopulation supports pancreatic β cells, it declines during ageing concomitant with increased expression of the gap junction protein Gja1. EC-specific ablation of Gja1 restores β-cell expansion in the aged pancreas. These results provide a proof of concept for understanding age-related vascular changes and imply that therapeutic targeting of blood vessels may restore aged endocrine tissue function. This comprehensive data atlas offers over > 1,000 multicolour volumes for exploration and research in endocrinology, ageing, matrix and vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Chen
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of ProsthodonticsState Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Luciana Lippo
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Rossella Labella
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Sin Lih Tan
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Brian D Marsden
- The Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumNDMUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Michael L Dustin
- The Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Saravana K Ramasamy
- Institute of Clinical SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- MRC London Institute of Medical SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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31
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Arous C, Mizgier ML, Rickenbach K, Pinget M, Bouzakri K, Wehrle-Haller B. Integrin and autocrine IGF2 pathways control fasting insulin secretion in β-cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16510-16528. [PMID: 32934005 PMCID: PMC7864053 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of fasting insulin release and insufficient glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) are hallmarks of diabetes. Studies have established cross-talk between integrin signaling and insulin activity, but more details of how integrin-dependent signaling impacts the pathophysiology of diabetes are needed. Here, we dissected integrin-dependent signaling pathways involved in the regulation of insulin secretion in β-cells and studied their link to the still debated autocrine regulation of insulin secretion by insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 2-AKT signaling. We observed for the first time a cooperation between different AKT isoforms and focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-dependent adhesion signaling, which either controlled GSIS or prevented insulin secretion under fasting conditions. Indeed, β-cells form integrin-containing adhesions, which provide anchorage to the pancreatic extracellular matrix and are the origin of intracellular signaling via FAK and paxillin. Under low-glucose conditions, β-cells adopt a starved adhesion phenotype consisting of actin stress fibers and large peripheral focal adhesion. In contrast, glucose stimulation induces cell spreading, actin remodeling, and point-like adhesions that contain phospho-FAK and phosphopaxillin, located in small protrusions. Rat primary β-cells and mouse insulinomas showed an adhesion remodeling during GSIS resulting from autocrine insulin/IGF2 and AKT1 signaling. However, under starving conditions, the maintenance of stress fibers and the large adhesion phenotype required autocrine IGF2-IGF1 receptor signaling mediated by AKT2 and elevated FAK-kinase activity and ROCK-RhoA levels but low levels of paxillin phosphorylation. This starved adhesion phenotype prevented excessive insulin granule release to maintain low insulin secretion during fasting. Thus, deregulation of the IGF2 and adhesion-mediated signaling may explain dysfunctions observed in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arous
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Luisa Mizgier
- UMR DIATHEC, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, UMR DIATHEC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Katharina Rickenbach
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Pinget
- UMR DIATHEC, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, UMR DIATHEC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karim Bouzakri
- UMR DIATHEC, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, UMR DIATHEC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Gonc EN, Ozon ZA, Oguz S, Kabacam S, Taskiran EZ, Kiper POS, Utine GE, Alikasifoglu A, Kandemir N, Boduroglu OK, Alikasifoglu M. Genetic IGF1R defects: new cases expand the spectrum of clinical features. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:1739-1748. [PMID: 32356191 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to identify the phenotypic variability of IGF1R defects in a cohort of short children with normal GH secretion gathered through the last decade. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty children (25 girls) with short stature and a basal/stimulated growth hormone (GH) over 10 ng/ml having either a low birth weight or microcephaly were enrolled. MLPA and then Sanger sequence analysis were performed to detect IGF1R defects. The auxological and metabolic evaluation were carried out in index cases and their first degree family members whenever available. RESULTS A total of seven (14%) IGF1R defects were detected. Two IGF1R deletions and five heterozygous variants (one frameshift, four missense) were identified. Three (likely) pathogenic, one VUS and one likely benign were classified by using ACMG. All children with IGF1R defects had a height < - 2.5SDS, birth weight < - 1.4SDS, and head circumference < - 1.36SDS. IGF-1 ranged from - 2.44 to 2.13 SDS. One child with a 15q terminal deletion had a normal phenotype and intelligence, whereas low IQ is a finding in a case with missense variant. Two parents who carried IGF1R mutations had diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, one of whom also had hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. CONCLUSION We found a deletion or variant in IGF1R in 14% of short children. Birth weight, head circumference, intelligence, dysmorphic features, IGF-1 levels and even height are not consistent among patients. Additionally, metabolic and gonadal complications may appear during adulthood, suggesting that patients should be followed into adulthood to monitor for these late complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Gonc
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Z A Ozon
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Oguz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Kabacam
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - E Z Taskiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - P O S Kiper
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - G E Utine
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Alikasifoglu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Kandemir
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - O K Boduroglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Alikasifoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Wisp1 is a circulating factor that stimulates proliferation of adult mouse and human beta cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5982. [PMID: 33239617 PMCID: PMC7689468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19657-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding the mass of pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells through re-activation of beta cell replication has been proposed as a therapy to prevent or delay the appearance of diabetes. Pancreatic beta cells exhibit an age-dependent decrease in their proliferative activity, partly related to changes in the systemic environment. Here we report the identification of CCN4/Wisp1 as a circulating factor more abundant in pre-weaning than in adult mice. We show that Wisp1 promotes endogenous and transplanted adult beta cell proliferation in vivo. We validate these findings using isolated mouse and human islets and find that the beta cell trophic effect of Wisp1 is dependent on Akt signaling. In summary, our study reveals the role of Wisp1 as an inducer of beta cell replication, supporting the idea that the use of young blood factors may be a useful strategy to expand adult beta cell mass. The proliferation of pancreatic beta cells decreases with age, partly due to systemic changes. Here the authors identify Wisp1 as a circulating factor enriched in young serum that induces adult beta cell proliferation, supporting the idea that young blood factors may be useful to expand beta cell mass.
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34
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Kalwat MA, Huang Z, Binns DD, McGlynn K, Cobb MH. α 2-Adrenergic Disruption of β Cell BDNF-TrkB Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576396. [PMID: 33178692 PMCID: PMC7593622 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic signaling is a well-known input into pancreatic islet function. Specifically, the insulin-secreting islet β cell expresses the Gi/o-linked α2-adrenergic receptor, which upon activation suppresses insulin secretion. The use of the adrenergic agonist epinephrine at micromolar doses may have supraphysiological effects. We found that pretreating β cells with micromolar concentrations of epinephrine differentially inhibited activation of receptor tyrosine kinases. We chose TrkB as an example because of its relative sensitivity to the effects of epinephrine and due to its potential regulatory role in the β cell. Our characterization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-TrkB signaling in MIN6 β cells showed that TrkB is activated by BDNF as expected, leading to canonical TrkB autophosphorylation and subsequent downstream signaling, as well as chronic effects on β cell growth. Micromolar, but not nanomolar, concentrations of epinephrine blocked BDNF-induced TrkB autophosphorylation and downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation, suggesting an inhibitory phenomenon at the receptor level. We determined epinephrine-mediated inhibition of TrkB activation to be Gi/o-dependent using pertussis toxin, arguing against an off-target effect of high-dose epinephrine. Published data suggested that inhibition of potassium channels or phosphoinositide-3-kinase signaling may abrogate the negative effects of epinephrine; however, these did not rescue TrkB signaling in our experiments. Taken together, these results show that (1) TrkB kinase signaling occurs in β cells and (2) use of epinephrine in studies of insulin secretion requires careful consideration of concentration-dependent effects. BDNF-TrkB signaling in β cells may underlie pro-survival or growth signaling and warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Kalwat
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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35
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Jara MA, Werneck-De-Castro JP, Lubaczeuski C, Johnson JD, Bernal-Mizrachi E. Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1) contributes to β-cell mass expansion and proliferation induced by Akt/PKB pathway. Islets 2020; 12:32-40. [PMID: 32876522 PMCID: PMC7527019 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2020.1762471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of pancreatic β-cell mass and function is fundamental to glucose homeostasis and to prevent diabetes. The PI3 K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway is critical for β-cells mass and function, while PDX1 has been implicated in β-cell development, maturation, and function. Here we tested whether Akt signaling requires PDX1 expression to regulate β-cell mass, proliferation, and glucose homeostasis. In order to address that, we crossed a mouse model overexpressing constitutively active Akt mutant in β-cells (β-caAkt) with mice lacking one allele of PDX1gene (β-caAkt/pdx1+/-). While the β-caAkt mice exhibit higher plasma insulin levels, greater β-cell mass and improved glucose tolerance compared to control mice, the β-caAkt/pdx1+/- mice are hyperglycemic and intolerant to glucose. The changes in glucose homeostasis in β-caAkt/pdx1+/- were associated with a 60% reduction in β-cell mass compared to β-caAkt mice. The impaired β-cell mass in the β-caAkt/pdx1+/- mice can be explained by a lesser β-cell proliferation measured by the number of Ki67 positive β-cells. We did not observe any differences in apoptosis between β-caAkt/pdx1+/- and β-caAkt mice. In conclusion, PDX1 contributes to β-cell mass expansion and glucose metabolism induced by activation of Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Anthony Jara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joao Pedro Werneck-De-Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Miami VA Health Care System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Camila Lubaczeuski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - James D. Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Miami VA Health Care System, Miami, FL, USA
- CONTACT Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi Department Of Internal Medicine, Division Of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136, USA
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Hartig SM, Cox AR. Paracrine signaling in islet function and survival. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:451-467. [PMID: 32067063 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pancreatic islet is a dense cellular network comprised of several cell types with endocrine function vital in the control of glucose homeostasis, metabolism, and feeding behavior. Within the islet, endocrine hormones also form an intricate paracrine network with supportive cells (endothelial, neuronal, immune) and secondary signaling molecules regulating cellular function and survival. Modulation of these signals has potential consequences for diabetes development, progression, and therapeutic intervention. Beta cell loss, reduced endogenous insulin secretion, and dysregulated glucagon secretion are hallmark features of both type 1 and 2 diabetes that not only impact systemic regulation of glucose, but also contribute to the function and survival of cells within the islet. Advancing research and technology have revealed new islet biology (cellular identity and transcriptomes) and identified previously unrecognized paracrine signals and mechanisms (somatostatin and ghrelin paracrine actions), while shifting prior views of intraislet communication. This review will summarize the paracrine signals regulating islet endocrine function and survival, the disruption and dysfunction that occur in diabetes, and potential therapeutic targets to preserve beta cell mass and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Hartig
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aaron R Cox
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Nackiewicz D, Dan M, Speck M, Chow SZ, Chen YC, Pospisilik JA, Verchere CB, Ehses JA. Islet Macrophages Shift to a Reparative State following Pancreatic Beta-Cell Death and Are a Major Source of Islet Insulin-like Growth Factor-1. iScience 2019; 23:100775. [PMID: 31962237 PMCID: PMC6971395 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a dynamic role in tissue repair following injury. Here we found that following streptozotocin (STZ)-induced beta-cell death, mouse islet macrophages had increased Igf1 expression, decreased proinflammatory cytokine expression, and transcriptome changes consistent with macrophages undergoing efferocytosis and having an enhanced state of metabolism. Macrophages were the major, if not sole, contributors to islet insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) production. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that macrophages can maintain insulin secretion in vivo following beta-cell death with no effects on islet cell turnover. IGF-1 neutralization during STZ treatment decreased insulin secretion without affecting islet cell apoptosis or proliferation. Interestingly, high-fat diet (HFD) combined with STZ further skewed islet macrophages to a reparative state. Finally, islet macrophages from db/db mice also expressed decreased proinflammatory cytokines and increased Igf1 mRNA. These data have important implications for islet biology and pathology and show that islet macrophages preserve their reparative state following beta-cell death even during HFD feeding and severe hyperglycemia. Macrophages are a major source of IGF-1 protein within mouse pancreatic islets Post-beta-cell death islet macrophages shift to a reparative state Beta-cell death causes macrophage transcriptome changes consistent with efferocytosis This change can occur even in the presence of HFD feeding or severe hyperglycemia
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Nackiewicz
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Meixia Dan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Madeleine Speck
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Samuel Z Chow
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - J Andrew Pospisilik
- Van Andel Research Institute, 333 Bostwick Avenue NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - C Bruce Verchere
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Jan A Ehses
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28 Avenue, Vancouver V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland.
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38
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Arginine induces IGF-1 secretion from the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1128-1132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Riahi Y, Israeli T, Yeroslaviz R, Chimenez S, Avrahami D, Stolovich-Rain M, Alter I, Sebag M, Polin N, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Dor Y, Cerasi E, Leibowitz G. Inhibition of mTORC1 by ER stress impairs neonatal β-cell expansion and predisposes to diabetes in the Akita mouse. eLife 2018; 7:e38472. [PMID: 30412050 PMCID: PMC6294551 DOI: 10.7554/elife.38472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unresolved ER stress followed by cell death is recognized as the main cause of a multitude of pathologies including neonatal diabetes. A systematic analysis of the mechanisms of β-cell loss and dysfunction in Akita mice, in which a mutation in the proinsulin gene causes a severe form of permanent neonatal diabetes, showed no increase in β-cell apoptosis throughout life. Surprisingly, we found that the main mechanism leading to β-cell dysfunction is marked impairment of β-cell growth during the early postnatal life due to transient inhibition of mTORC1, which governs postnatal β-cell growth and differentiation. Importantly, restoration of mTORC1 activity in neonate β-cells was sufficient to rescue postnatal β-cell growth, and to improve diabetes. We propose a scenario for the development of permanent neonatal diabetes, possibly also common forms of diabetes, where early-life events inducing ER stress affect β-cell mass expansion due to mTOR inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Riahi
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Tal Israeli
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Roni Yeroslaviz
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Shoshana Chimenez
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Dana Avrahami
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-CanadaThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Miri Stolovich-Rain
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-CanadaThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Ido Alter
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Marina Sebag
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Nava Polin
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiUnited States
| | - Yuval Dor
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-CanadaThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Erol Cerasi
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Gil Leibowitz
- The Endocrine Service, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
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Rachdaoui N, Polo-Parada L, Ismail-Beigi F. Prolonged Exposure to Insulin Inactivates Akt and Erk 1/2 and Increases Pancreatic Islet and INS1E β-Cell Apoptosis. J Endocr Soc 2018; 3:69-90. [PMID: 30697602 PMCID: PMC6344346 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperinsulinemia, in vivo, increases the resistance of peripheral tissues to insulin by desensitizing insulin signaling. Insulin, in a heterologous manner, can also cause IGF-1 resistance. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether insulin-mediated insulin and IGF-1 resistance develops in pancreatic β-cells and whether this resistance results in β-cell decompensation. Chronic exposure of rat islets or INS1E β-cells to increasing concentrations of insulin decreased AktS473 phosphorylation in response to subsequent acute stimulation with 10 nM insulin or IGF-1. Prolonged exposure to high insulin levels not only inhibited AktS473 phosphorylation, but it also resulted in a significant inhibition of the phosphorylation of P70S6 kinase and Erk1/2 phosphorylation in response to the acute stimulation by glucose, insulin, or IGF-1. Decreased activation of Akt, P70S6K, and Erk1/2 was associated with decreased insulin receptor substrate 2 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin receptor β-subunit abundance; neither IGF receptor β-subunit content nor its phosphorylation were affected. These signaling impairments were associated with decreased SERCA2 expression, perturbed plasma membrane calcium current and intracellular calcium handling, increased endoplasmic reticulum stress markers such as eIF2αS51 phosphorylation and Bip (GRP78) expression, and increased islet and β-cell apoptosis. We demonstrate that prolonged exposure to high insulin levels induces not only insulin resistance, but in a heterologous manner causes resistance to IGF-1 in rat islets and insulinoma cells resulting in decreased cell survival. These findings suggest the possibility that chronic exposure to hyperinsulinemia may negatively affect β-cell mass by increasing β-cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Rachdaoui
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Luis Polo-Parada
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Faramarz Ismail-Beigi
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Oakie A, Wang R. β-Cell Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Controlling Insulin Secretion and Exocytotic Machinery: c-Kit and Insulin Receptor. Endocrinology 2018; 159:3813-3821. [PMID: 30239687 PMCID: PMC6202852 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells is initiated through channel-mediated depolarization, cytoskeletal remodeling, and vesicle tethering at the cell membrane, all of which can be regulated through cell surface receptors. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) promote β-cell development and postnatal signaling to improve β-cell mass and function, yet their activation has also been shown to initiate exocytotic events in β-cells. This review examines the role of RTK signaling in insulin secretion, with a focus on RTKs c-Kit and insulin receptor (IR). Pathways that control insulin release and the potential interplay between c-Kit and IR signaling are discussed, along with clinical implications of RTK therapy on insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Oakie
- Children’s Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rennian Wang
- Children’s Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Correspondence: Rennian Wang, MD, PhD, Victoria Research Laboratories, Room A5-140, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada. E-mail:
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42
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Kineman RD, del Rio-Moreno M, Sarmento-Cabral A. 40 YEARS of IGF1: Understanding the tissue-specific roles of IGF1/IGF1R in regulating metabolism using the Cre/loxP system. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:T187-T198. [PMID: 29743295 PMCID: PMC7721256 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is clear that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) is important in supporting growth and regulating metabolism. The IGF1 found in the circulation is primarily produced by the liver hepatocytes, but healthy mature hepatocytes do not express appreciable levels of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R). Therefore, the metabolic actions of IGF1 are thought to be mediated via extra-hepatocyte actions. Given the structural and functional homology between IGF1/IGF1R and insulin receptor (INSR) signaling, and the fact that IGF1, IGF1R and INSR are expressed in most tissues of the body, it is difficult to separate out the tissue-specific contributions of IGF1/IGF1R in maintaining whole body metabolic function. To circumvent this problem, over the last 20 years, investigators have taken advantage of the Cre/loxP system to manipulate IGF1/IGF1R in a tissue-dependent, and more recently, an age-dependent fashion. These studies have revealed that IGF1/IGF1R can alter extra-hepatocyte function to regulate hormonal inputs to the liver and/or alter tissue-specific carbohydrate and lipid metabolism to alter nutrient flux to liver, where these actions are not mutually exclusive, but serve to integrate the function of all tissues to support the metabolic needs of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda D Kineman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago,1819 W Polk St. M/C 646 Chicago, IL, 60612
- Research and Development Division, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Suite 6215, MP 191, 820 S Damen Ave. Chicago, IL 60612
- Corresponding author: Rhonda D Kineman, . University of Illinois at Chicago, Medicine, 1819 W. Polk St., MC 640, Chicago, IL, USA 60612
| | - Mercedes del Rio-Moreno
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago,1819 W Polk St. M/C 646 Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - André Sarmento-Cabral
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago,1819 W Polk St. M/C 646 Chicago, IL, 60612
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Wang S, Wu J, Wang N, Zeng L, Wu Y. The role of growth hormone receptor in β cell function. Growth Horm IGF Res 2017; 36:30-35. [PMID: 28915386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) exerts numerous effects on tissues through binding to its receptor, GHR, which resides on cell membranes in many different organs and tissues. Endocrine pancreatic β cells are the only source of insulin secretion in response to metabolic demand, thereby regulating blood glucose and maintaining metabolic homeostasis. β cell dysfunction is the main composition of diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have provided strong evidence that GHR signaling plays an independent role in β cell function. In this review, we focus on the role of GHR signaling in β cell actions and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Yingjie Wu
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Aamodt KI, Powers AC. Signals in the pancreatic islet microenvironment influence β-cell proliferation. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19 Suppl 1:124-136. [PMID: 28880471 PMCID: PMC5679109 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The progressive loss of pancreatic β-cell mass that occurs in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is a primary factor driving efforts to identify strategies for effectively increasing, enhancing or restoring β-cell mass. While factors that seem to influence β-cell proliferation in specific contexts have been described, reliable stimulation of human β-cell proliferation has remained a challenge. Importantly, β-cells exist in the context of a complex, integrated pancreatic islet microenvironment where they interact with other endocrine cells, vascular endothelial cells, extracellular matrix, neuronal projections and islet macrophages. This review highlights different components of the pancreatic microenvironment, and reviews what is known about how signaling that occurs between β-cells and these other components influences β-cell proliferation. Future efforts to further define the role of the pancreatic islet microenvironment on β-cell proliferation may lead to the development of successful approaches to increase or restore β-cell mass in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie I. Aamodt
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alvin C. Powers
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Inadequate insulin-producing pancreatic β-cell mass is a key feature of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Efforts to regenerate β-cell mass from pancreatic precursors may thus ameliorate absolute or relative insulin deficiency, thereby improving glucose homeostasis. A clear understanding of the processes that govern the generation of new β-cells in the mature pancreas will be fundamental to success in this effort. This review discusses the current state of knowledge regarding β-cell regeneration and emphasizes recent studies of significance. RECENT FINDINGS Recent reports demonstrate regenerative potential in the adult human pancreas. Further, they build on the strong existing evidence that proliferation of preexisting β-cells is the predominant source of new β-cells in adulthood by dissecting the cell cycle machinery components and critical signaling pathways required for β-cell proliferation. Finally, β-cell trophic peptides have demonstrated preclinical potential as pharmacologic regenerative agents and may form the basis for clinical interventions in the future. SUMMARY Efforts to augment β-cell regeneration by enhancing β-cell viability and proliferation may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. An intimate understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of β-cell proliferation and survival will be fundamental to the optimization of endogenous β-cell regeneration.
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Mussar K, Pardike S, Hohl TM, Hardiman G, Cirulli V, Crisa L. A CCR2+ myeloid cell niche required for pancreatic β cell growth. JCI Insight 2017; 2:93834. [PMID: 28768911 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.93834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ-specific patterns of myeloid cells may contribute tissue-specific growth and/or regenerative potentials. The perinatal stage of pancreas development marks a time characterized by maximal proliferation of pancreatic islets, ensuring the maintenance of glucose homeostasis throughout life. Ontogenically distinct CX3CR1+ and CCR2+ macrophage populations have been reported in the adult pancreas, but their functional contribution to islet cell growth at birth remains unknown. Here, we uncovered a temporally restricted requirement for CCR2+ myeloid cells in the perinatal proliferation of the endocrine pancreatic epithelium. CCR2+ macrophages are transiently enriched over CX3CR1+ subsets in the neonatal pancreas through both local expansion and recruitment of immature precursors. Using CCR2-specific depletion models, we show that loss of this myeloid population leads to a striking reduction in β cell proliferation, dysfunctional islet phenotypes, and glucose intolerance in newborns. Replenishment of pancreatic CCR2+ myeloid compartments by adoptive transfer rescues these defects. Gene profiling identifies pancreatic CCR2+ myeloid cells as a prominent source of IGF2, which contributes to IGF1R-mediated islet proliferation. These findings uncover proproliferative functions of CCR2+ myeloid subsets and identify myeloid-dependent regulation of IGF signaling as a local cue supporting pancreatic proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Mussar
- Department of Medicine and Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephanie Pardike
- Department of Medicine and Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tobias M Hohl
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Vincenzo Cirulli
- Department of Medicine and Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Laura Crisa
- Department of Medicine and Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Kawamori D, Shirakawa J, Liew CW, Hu J, Morioka T, Duttaroy A, Burkey B, Kulkarni RN. GLP-1 signalling compensates for impaired insulin signalling in regulating beta cell proliferation in βIRKO mice. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1442-1453. [PMID: 28526921 PMCID: PMC5508991 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to investigate potential interactions between insulin and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 signalling pathways in the regulation of beta cell-cycle dynamics in vivo, in the context of the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 to modulate impaired beta cell function. METHODS Beta cell-specific insulin receptor knockout (βIRKO) mice, which exhibit beta cell dysfunction and an age-dependent decrease in beta cell mass, were treated with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor vildagliptin. Following this, glucose homeostasis and beta cell proliferation were evaluated and underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. RESULTS The sustained elevation in circulating GLP-1 levels, caused by treatment of the knockout mice with vildagliptin for 6 weeks, significantly improved glucose tolerance secondary to enhanced insulin secretion and proliferation of beta cells. Treating βIRKO beta cell lines with the GLP-1 analogue, exendin-4, promoted Akt phosphorylation and protein expression of cyclins A, D1 and E two- to threefold, in addition to cyclin D2. Pancreases from the vildagliptin-treated βIRKO mice exhibited increased cyclin D1 expression, while cyclin D2 expression was impaired. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Activation of GLP-1 signalling compensates for impaired growth factor (insulin) signalling and enhances expression of cyclins to promote beta cell proliferation. Together, these data indicate the potential of GLP-1-related therapies to enhance beta cell proliferation and promote beneficial outcomes in models with dysfunctional beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Kawamori
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Room 410, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Medical Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Room 410, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Chong Wee Liew
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Room 410, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiang Hu
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Room 410, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Tomoaki Morioka
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Room 410, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Alokesh Duttaroy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Room 410, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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48
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François JC, Aïd S, Chaker Z, Lacube P, Xu J, Fayad R, Côté F, Even P, Holzenberger M. Disrupting IGF Signaling in Adult Mice Conditions Leanness, Resilient Energy Metabolism, and High Growth Hormone Pulses. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2269-2283. [PMID: 28881863 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and insulinlike growth factor (IGF) promote aging and age-related pathologies. Inhibiting this pathway by targeting IGF receptor (IGF-1R) is a promising strategy to extend life span, alleviate age-related diseases, and reduce tumor growth. Although anti-IGF-1R agents are being developed, long-term effects of IGF-1R blockade remain unknown. In this study, we used ubiquitous inducible IGF-1R knockout (UBIKOR) to suppress signaling in all adult tissues and screened health extensively. Surprisingly, UBIKOR mice showed no overt defects and presented with rather inconspicuous health, including normal cognition. Endocrine GH and IGF-1 were strongly upregulated without causing acromegaly. UBIKOR mice were strikingly lean with coordinate changes in body composition and organ size. They were insulin resistant but preserved physiological energy expenditure and displayed enhanced fasting metabolic flexibility. Thus, long-term IGF-1R blockade generated beneficial effects on aging-relevant metabolism, but exposed to high GH. This needs to be considered when targeting IGF-1R to protect from neurodegeneration, retard aging, or fight cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saba Aïd
- INSERM Research Center Unité 938, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Zayna Chaker
- INSERM Research Center Unité 938, 75012 Paris, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Jie Xu
- INSERM Research Center Unité 938, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Racha Fayad
- INSERM Research Center Unité 938, 75012 Paris, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Francine Côté
- Institut Imagine INSERM Unité 1163/CNRS Equipe 8254, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Even
- AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris Saclay, Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior Unité 914, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Martin Holzenberger
- INSERM Research Center Unité 938, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
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49
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Tajima K, Shirakawa J, Togashi Y, Yamazaki S, Okuyama T, Kyohara M, Konishi H, Terauchi Y. Metabolic recovery of lipodystrophy, liver steatosis, and pancreatic β cell proliferation after the withdrawal of OSI-906. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28646158 PMCID: PMC5482874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factor signaling via insulin receptor (IR) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) plays several important roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. OSI-906 (linsitinib), an anti-tumor drug, is an orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of IR and IGF1R. To investigate the recovery from metabolic changes induced by the acute inhibition of IR and IGF1R in adult mice, mice were treated with OSI-906 or a vehicle for 7 days and the results were analyzed on the last day of injection (Day 7) or after 7 or 21 days of withdrawal (Day 14 or Day 28). On day 7, the visceral white fat mass was significantly reduced in mice treated with OSI-906 accompanied by a reduced expression of leptin and an increased expression of the lipolysis-related genes Lpl and Atgl. Interestingly, the lipoatrophy and the observed changes in gene expression were completely reversed on day 14. Similarly, liver steatosis and β cell proliferation were transiently observed on day 7 but had disappeared by day 14. Taken together, these results suggest that this model for the acute inhibition of systemic IR/IGF1R signaling may be useful for investigating the recovery from metabolic disorders induced by impaired growth factor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tajima
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan.
| | - Yu Togashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamazaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okuyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mayu Kyohara
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hiromi Konishi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama-City University, Yokohama, Japan, 236-0004, Japan.
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50
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Liu JL, Kaddour N, Chowdhury S, Li Q, Gao ZH. Role of CCN5 (WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2) in pancreatic islets. J Diabetes 2017; 9:462-474. [PMID: 27863006 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In search of direct targets of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 action, we discovered CCN5 (WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2 [WISP2]) as a novel protein expressed in pancreatic β-cells. As a member of the "CCN" ( C ysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 [Cyr61], C onnective tissue growth factor [CTGF in humans], and N ephroblastoma overexpressed [Nov; in chickens]) family, the expression of CCN5/WISP2 is stimulated by IGF-1 together with Wnt signaling. When overexpressed in insulinoma cells, CCN5 promotes cell proliferation and cell survival against streptozotocin-induced cell death. The cell proliferation effect seems to be caused by AKT phosphorylation and increased cyclin D1 levels. These properties resemble those of CCN2/CTGF, another isoform of the CCN family, although CCN5 is the only one within the family of six proteins that lacks the C-terminal repeat. Treatment of primary mouse islets with recombinant CCN5 protein produced similar effects to those of gene transfection, indicating that either as a matricellular protein or a secreted growth factor, CCN5 stimulates β-cell proliferation and regeneration in a paracrine fashion. This review also discusses the regulation of CCN5/WISP2 by estrogen and its involvement in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Liu
- Fraser Laboratories, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nancy Kaddour
- Fraser Laboratories, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Subrata Chowdhury
- Fraser Laboratories, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Qing Li
- Fraser Laboratories, Department of Medicine, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zu-Hua Gao
- Department of Pathology, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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