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Breivik TJ, Gjermo P, Gundersen Y, Opstad PK, Murison R, Hugoson A, von Hörsten S, Fristad I. Microbiota-immune-brain interactions: A new vision in the understanding of periodontal health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39233381 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
This review highlights the significance of interactions between the microbiota, immune system, nervous and hormonal systems, and the brain on periodontal health and disease. Microorganisms in the microbiota, immune cells, and neurons communicate via homeostatic nervous and hormonal systems, regulating vital body functions. By modulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adaptive immune responses, these systems control the composition and number of microorganisms in the microbiota. The strength of these brain-controlled responses is genetically determined but is sensitive to early childhood stressors, which can permanently alter their responsiveness via epigenetic mechanisms, and to adult stressors, causing temporary changes. Clinical evidence and research with humans and animal models indicate that factors linked to severe periodontitis enhance the responsiveness of these homeostatic systems, leading to persistent hyperactivation. This weakens the immune defense against invasive symbiotic microorganisms (pathobionts) while strengthening the defense against non-invasive symbionts at the gingival margin. The result is an increased gingival tissue load of pathobionts, including Gram-negative bacteria, followed by an excessive innate immune response, which prevents infection but simultaneously destroys gingival and periodontal tissues. Thus, the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adaptive immunity is crucial in controlling the microbiota, and the responsiveness of brain-controlled homeostatic systems determines periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjørn Jarle Breivik
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Odontology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division for Protection, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Per Gjermo
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Odontology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yngvar Gundersen
- Division for Protection, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Per Kristian Opstad
- Division for Protection, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Robert Murison
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Hugoson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and School of Health and Welfare, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephan von Hörsten
- Department for Experimental Therapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Preclinical Experimental Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Inge Fristad
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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2
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Haykin H, Avishai E, Krot M, Ghiringhelli M, Reshef M, Abboud Y, Melamed S, Merom S, Boshnak N, Azulay-Debby H, Ziv T, Gepstein L, Rolls A. Reward system activation improves recovery from acute myocardial infarction. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:841-856. [PMID: 39196183 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00491-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Psychological processes have a crucial role in the recovery from acute myocardial infarction (AMI), yet the underlying mechanisms of these effects remain elusive. Here we demonstrate the impact of the reward system, a brain network associated with motivation and positive expectations, on the clinical outcomes of AMI in mice. Chemogenetic activation of dopaminergic neurons in the reward system improved the remodeling processes and vascularization after AMI, leading to enhanced cardiac performance compared to controls. These effects were mediated through several physiological mechanisms, including alterations in immune activity and reduced adrenergic input to the liver. We further demonstrate an anatomical connection between the reward system and the liver, functionally manifested by altered transcription of complement component 3, which in turn affects vascularization and recovery from AMI. These findings establish a causal connection between a motivational brain network and recovery from AMI, introducing potential therapeutic avenues for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Haykin
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Physiology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Avishai
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - M Krot
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - M Ghiringhelli
- Department of Physiology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - M Reshef
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Y Abboud
- Department of Physiology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Melamed
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Merom
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - N Boshnak
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - H Azulay-Debby
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - T Ziv
- Smoler Proteomics Center, Lorry I. Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - L Gepstein
- Department of Physiology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
- Cardiology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
| | - A Rolls
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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3
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Song RX, Zhou TT, Jia SY, Li WG, Wang J, Li BD, Shan YD, Zhang LM, Li XM. Hydrogen sulfide mitigates memory impairments via the restoration of glutamatergic neurons in a mouse model of hemorrhage shock and resuscitation. Exp Neurol 2024; 376:114758. [PMID: 38513970 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Impaired long-term memory, a complication of traumatic stress including hemorrhage shock and resuscitation (HSR), has been reported to be associated with multiple neurodegenerations. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) participates in both learned appetitive and aversive behaviors. In addition to being prospective targets for the therapy of addiction, depression, and other stress-related diseases, VTA glutamatergic neurons are becoming more widely acknowledged as powerful regulators of reward and aversion. This study revealed that HSR exposure induces memory impairments and decreases the activation in glutamatergic neurons, and decreased β power in the VTA. We also found that optogenetic activation of glutamatergic neurons in the VTA mitigated HSR-induced memory impairments, and restored β power. Moreover, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter with pleiotropic roles, has neuroprotective functions at physiological concentrations. In vivo, H2S administration improved HSR-induced memory deficits, elevated c-fos-positive vesicular glutamate transporters (Vglut2) neurons, increased β power, and restored the balance of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate in the VTA. This work suggests that glutamatergic neuron stimulation via optogenetic assay and exogenous H2S may be useful therapeutic approaches for improving memory deficits following HSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Xin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhou
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yan Jia
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Guang Li
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Bao-Dong Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Dong Shan
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Research, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou No.2 Hospital, Cangzhou, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Resrearch, Cangzhou, China.
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4
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Módis LV, Aradi Z, Horváth IF, Pikó P, Papp G, Osváth M, Szántó A, Bugán A. Spirituality is associated with immune parameters and disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12473. [PMID: 38816520 PMCID: PMC11139944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of spirituality in health and disease is a complex and emerging area of research. Incorporating spirituality into the bio-psycho-social model of health and disease leading to the bio-psycho-social-spiritual model provides a more comprehensive framework. In this context, chronic disorders like primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are of interest due to their intricate interactions between biological, psychological, and spiritual factors. This study explored the relationship between spirituality, immune parameters, and disease activity in pSS patients. Data from 108 patients were analyzed, including self-assessed spirituality (answering to direct questions and completing the Spiritual Transcendence Scale), immunological parameters and disease activity scores. The findings revealed several associations. Individuals with spiritual attitudes or engaged in regular prayer/meditation showed lower serum levels of autoantibodies specific to pSS and lower disease activity scores. Spiritual engagement was also linked to decreased perceived skin and tracheal dryness, suggesting potential benefits for physical symptoms. These findings suggest that spirituality may play a significant role in modulating immune responses and disease activity in pSS patients. The study underscores the importance of considering spirituality as an integral part of the holistic approach to health and disease, further expanding the understanding of the interconnectedness of biological, psychological, and spiritual dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- László V Módis
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County Teaching Hospital, Nagykálló Sántha Kálmán Member Hospital, Nagykálló, 4320, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Aradi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Fanny Horváth
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Péter Pikó
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4028, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | | | - Mátyás Osváth
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Antónia Szántó
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Antal Bugán
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Behavioural Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
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5
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Trachtenberg E. The beneficial effects of social support and prosocial behavior on immunity and health: A psychoneuroimmunology perspective. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 37:100758. [PMID: 38524896 PMCID: PMC10960128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic emphasized the pivotal role of the social environment, prompting a surge in research on its impact on well-being and health. This article aims to examine the link between the social environment, the immune system, and health outcomes, with a particular focus on positive aspects like social support and prosocial behaviors that are under-explored. Different aspects of the social environment are examined: the negative effects of loneliness and adverse social conditions, contrasted with the benefits of social support and prosocial behaviors. While the mechanisms behind negative effects are partially studied, those driving the positive effects remain elusive. Understanding the mechanisms of lack of social connection and their effects will allow us to explore the benefits of social connections and whether they can reverse the adverse outcomes. Potential psychoneuroimmunology mechanisms are proposed, highlighting the promotion of a 'safe' state by the vagus nerve, oxytocin circuits, and the additional contribution of the reward pathways. This article reviews the need to bridge knowledge gaps, urging further research to study the causal effects of positive social interactions on immune response and health outcomes to raise clinical awareness and interventions. Such interventions may include integrating lonely individuals with prosocial activities, thereby improving their physical and mental health. There is growing potential to harness the power of social connections for the betterment of individual health and society as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estherina Trachtenberg
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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6
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Engler-Chiurazzi E. B cells and the stressed brain: emerging evidence of neuroimmune interactions in the context of psychosocial stress and major depression. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1360242. [PMID: 38650657 PMCID: PMC11033448 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1360242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system has emerged as a key regulator of central nervous system (CNS) function in health and in disease. Importantly, improved understanding of immune contributions to mood disorders has provided novel opportunities for the treatment of debilitating stress-related mental health conditions such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Yet, the impact to, and involvement of, B lymphocytes in the response to stress is not well-understood, leaving a fundamental gap in our knowledge underlying the immune theory of depression. Several emerging clinical and preclinical findings highlight pronounced consequences for B cells in stress and MDD and may indicate key roles for B cells in modulating mood. This review will describe the clinical and foundational observations implicating B cell-psychological stress interactions, discuss potential mechanisms by which B cells may impact brain function in the context of stress and mood disorders, describe research tools that support the investigation of their neurobiological impacts, and highlight remaining research questions. The goal here is for this discussion to illuminate both the scope and limitations of our current understanding regarding the role of B cells, stress, mood, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Engler-Chiurazzi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
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7
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Binder LB, Rosa PB, de Sousa BM, Chagas LS, Dubljević O, Martineau FS, Mottarlini F, Castany S, Morton L, Krstanović F, Tassinari ID, Choconta JL, Pereira-Santos AR, Weinhard L, Pallegar PN, Vahsen BF, Lepiarz-Raba I, Compagnion AC, Lorente-Picón M. Neuro-immune interactions in health and disease: Insights from FENS-Hertie 2022 Winter School. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1977-1992. [PMID: 38311960 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
In a great partnership, the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS) and the Hertie Foundation organized the FENS-Hertie 2022 Winter School on 'Neuro-immune interactions in health and disease'. The school selected 27 PhD students and 13 postdoctoral fellows from 20 countries and involved 14 faculty members experts in the field. The Winter School focused on a rising field of research, the interactions between the nervous and both innate and adaptive immune systems under pathological and physiological conditions. A fine-tuned neuro-immune crosstalk is fundamental for healthy development, while disrupted neuro-immune communication might play a role in neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and aging. However, much is yet to be understood about the underlying mechanisms of these neuro-immune interactions in the healthy brain and under pathological scenarios. In addition to new findings in this emerging field, novel methodologies and animal models were presented to foment research on neuro-immunology. The FENS-Hertie 2022 Winter School provided an insightful knowledge exchange between students and faculty focusing on the latest discoveries in the biology of neuro-immune interactions while fostering great academic and professional opportunities for early-career neuroscientists from around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa B Binder
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Priscila B Rosa
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bárbara M de Sousa
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luana S Chagas
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Olga Dubljević
- Department of Neurobiology, Univerzitet u Beogradu Institut za Biološka Istraživanja Siniša Stanković, Institute for Biological Research, Beograd, Republic of Serbia
| | | | - Francesca Mottarlini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sílvia Castany
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lorena Morton
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fran Krstanović
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Proteomics, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Isadora D Tassinari
- Department of Physiology, Graduate Program in Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jeiny L Choconta
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ana Raquel Pereira-Santos
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Björn F Vahsen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Motor Neuron Disease Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Izabela Lepiarz-Raba
- BRAINCITY: Centre of Excellence for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marina Lorente-Picón
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Yang D, Xu J, Xu K, Xu P. Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis. Bone Res 2024; 12:22. [PMID: 38561376 PMCID: PMC10985098 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the organism. Among its various forms, skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of bones. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovium. The subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint loads. Recent findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone, resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in OA. The skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in OA. In this review, we offer a general overview of interoception, specifically skeletal interoception, subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral remedeling. We also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA, as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinglong Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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9
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Nusslock R, Alloy LB, Brody GH, Miller GE. Annual Research Review: Neuroimmune network model of depression: a developmental perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:538-567. [PMID: 38426610 PMCID: PMC11090270 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious public health problem, and adolescence is an 'age of risk' for the onset of Major Depressive Disorder. Recently, we and others have proposed neuroimmune network models that highlight bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system in both mental and physical health, including depression. These models draw on research indicating that the cellular actors (particularly monocytes) and signaling molecules (particularly cytokines) that orchestrate inflammation in the periphery can directly modulate the structure and function of the brain. In the brain, inflammatory activity heightens sensitivity to threats in the cortico-amygdala circuit, lowers sensitivity to rewards in the cortico-striatal circuit, and alters executive control and emotion regulation in the prefrontal cortex. When dysregulated, and particularly under conditions of chronic stress, inflammation can generate feelings of dysphoria, distress, and anhedonia. This is proposed to initiate unhealthy, self-medicating behaviors (e.g. substance use, poor diet) to manage the dysphoria, which further heighten inflammation. Over time, dysregulation in these brain circuits and the inflammatory response may compound each other to form a positive feedback loop, whereby dysregulation in one organ system exacerbates the other. We and others suggest that this neuroimmune dysregulation is a dynamic joint vulnerability for depression, particularly during adolescence. We have three goals for the present paper. First, we extend neuroimmune network models of mental and physical health to generate a developmental framework of risk for the onset of depression during adolescence. Second, we examine how a neuroimmune network perspective can help explain the high rates of comorbidity between depression and other psychiatric disorders across development, and multimorbidity between depression and stress-related medical illnesses. Finally, we consider how identifying neuroimmune pathways to depression can facilitate a 'next generation' of behavioral and biological interventions that target neuroimmune signaling to treat, and ideally prevent, depression in youth and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Gregory E. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
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10
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Petersen KA, Zong W, Depoy LM, Scott MR, Shankar VG, Burns JN, Cerwensky AJ, Kim SM, Ketchesin KD, Tseng GC, McClung CA. Comparative rhythmic transcriptome profiling of human and mouse striatal subregions. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:796-805. [PMID: 38182777 PMCID: PMC10948754 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01788-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The human striatum can be subdivided into the caudate, putamen, and nucleus accumbens (NAc). In mice, this roughly corresponds to the dorsal medial striatum (DMS), dorsal lateral striatum (DLS), and ventral striatum (NAc). Each of these structures have some overlapping and distinct functions related to motor control, cognitive processing, motivation, and reward. Previously, we used a "time-of-death" approach to identify diurnal rhythms in RNA transcripts in these three human striatal subregions. Here, we identify molecular rhythms across similar striatal subregions collected from C57BL/6J mice across 6 times of day and compare results to the human striatum. Pathway analysis indicates a large degree of overlap between species in rhythmic transcripts involved in processes like cellular stress, energy metabolism, and translation. Notably, a striking finding in humans is that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are among the most highly rhythmic transcripts in the NAc and this is not conserved in mice, suggesting the rhythmicity of RNA processing in this region could be uniquely human. Furthermore, the peak timing of overlapping rhythmic genes is altered between species, but not consistently in one direction. Taken together, these studies reveal conserved as well as distinct transcriptome rhythms across the human and mouse striatum and are an important step in understanding the normal function of diurnal rhythms in humans and model organisms in these regions and how disruption could lead to pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn A Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei Zong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lauren M Depoy
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madeline R Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vaishnavi G Shankar
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer N Burns
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Allison J Cerwensky
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sam-Moon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kyle D Ketchesin
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George C Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Colleen A McClung
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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11
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Chen L, Shao Z, Zhang Z, Teng W, Mou H, Jin X, Wei S, Wang Z, Eloy Y, Zhang W, Zhou H, Yao M, Zhao S, Chai X, Wang F, Xu K, Xu J, Ye Z. An On-Demand Collaborative Innate-Adaptive Immune Response to Infection Treatment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304774. [PMID: 37523329 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Deep tissue infection is a common clinical issue and therapeutic difficulty caused by the disruption of the host antibacterial immune function, resulting in treatment failure and infection relapse. Intracellular pathogens are refractory to elimination and can manipulate host cell biology even after appropriate treatment, resulting in a locoregional immunosuppressive state that leads to an inadequate response to conventional anti-infective therapies. Here, a novel antibacterial strategy involving autogenous immunity using a biomimetic nanoparticle (NP)-based regulating system is reported to induce in situ collaborative innate-adaptive immune responses. It is observed that a macrophage membrane coating facilitates NP enrichment at the infection site, followed by active NP accumulation in macrophages in a mannose-dependent manner. These NP-armed macrophages exhibit considerably improved innate capabilities, including more efficient intracellular ROS generation and pro-inflammatory factor secretion, M1 phenotype promotion, and effective eradication of invasive bacteria. Furthermore, the reprogrammed macrophages direct T cell activation at infectious sites, resulting in a robust adaptive antimicrobial immune response to ultimately achieve bacterial clearance and prevent infection relapse. Overall, these results provide a conceptual framework for a novel macrophage-based strategy for infection treatment via the regulation of autogenous immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxuan Shao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zengjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Wangsiyuan Teng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Haochen Mou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Shenyu Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Yinwang Eloy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Minjun Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Shenzhi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Xupeng Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Fangqian Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Kaiwang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, P. R. China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, 310000, P. R. China
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12
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Chen BR, Wu T, Chen TH, Wang Y. Neuroimmune interactions and their roles in neurodegenerative diseases. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 4:251-261. [PMID: 38933502 PMCID: PMC11197660 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The nervous system possesses bidirectional, sophisticated and delicate communications with the immune system. These neuroimmune interactions play a vitally important role in the initiation and development of many disorders, especially neurodegenerative diseases. Although scientific advancements have made tremendous progress in this field during the last few years, neuroimmune communications are still far from being elucidated. By organizing recent research, in this review, we discuss the local and intersystem neuroimmune interactions and their roles in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Unveiling these will help us gain a better understanding of the process of interplay inside the body and how the organism maintains homeostasis. It will also facilitate a view of the diseases from a holistic, pluralistic and interconnected perspective, thus providing a basis of developing novel and effective methods to diagnose, intervene and treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Rong Chen
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ting-Hui Chen
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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13
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Wu P, Li W, Lv R, Cheng X, Lian F, Cai W, Hu Y, Zeng Y, Ke B, Chen Y, Ma Z, Ma M, Dai W, Xia P, Lin Y, Lin WJ, Ye X. Hyperactive lateral habenula mediates the comorbidity between rheumatoid arthritis and depression-like behaviors. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:412-427. [PMID: 38320683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have a high prevalence for depression. On the other hand, comorbid with depression is associated with worse prognosis for RA. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms for the comorbidity between RA and depression. It remains to be elucidated which brain region is critically involved in the development of depression in RA, and whether alterations in the brain may affect pathological development of RA symptoms. Here, by combining clinical and animal model studies, we show that in RA patients, the level of depression is significantly correlated with the severity of RA disease activity and affects patients' quality of life. The collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) mouse model of RA also develops depression-like behaviors, accompanied by hyperactivity and alterations in gene expression reflecting cerebrovascular disruption in the lateral habenula (LHb), a brain region critical for processing negative valence. Importantly, inhibition of the LHb not only alleviates depression-like behaviors, but also results in rapid remission of RA symptoms and amelioration of RA-related pathological changes. Together, our study highlights a critical but previously overlooked contribution of hyperactive LHb to the comorbidity between RA and depression, suggesting that targeting LHb in conjunction with RA treatments may be a promising strategy for RA patients comorbid with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenchang Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongke Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Physical Education, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Lian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbao Cai
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Hu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Yanni Zeng
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bizhen Ke
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaohui Ma
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Ma
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Dai
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Xia
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wei-Jye Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Brain Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, China.
| | - Xiaojing Ye
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Bendrath SC, Cook CA, Knapp DJ, Thiele TE. Orexinergic lateral hypothalamus (LH) projections to medial septum (MS) modulate ethanol-induced sedation in male and female mice and binge-like ethanol drinking in male mice only. Alcohol 2024; 115:13-22. [PMID: 37717641 PMCID: PMC10922035 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Orexin in both the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and medial septum (MS) is involved in sleep- and consciousness-related conditions. Since orexin modulates the intoxicating as well as rewarding effects of ethanol, this study focused on the role of orexin-projecting neurons from the LH to the MS, and this neurocircuit's role in mediating the sedative effects of alcohol. Drinking-in-the-Dark (DID) behavior was also assessed as a measure of the role of the LH-MS pathway in modulating binge-like ethanol intake, with a particular focus on sex differences in both behavioral paradigms. Male and female Hcrt-ires-cre mice received cannulation in the MS, while the LH was injected bilaterally with cre-dependent excitatory (Gq) Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drug (DREADD), inhibitory (Gi) DREADD or control virus. All subjects received a 3.75 g/kg dose of 20 % ethanol intraperitoneally and the sedative effect was assessed by the loss of righting reflex (LORR). After behavioral testing, brains were used for c-Fos immunohistochemistry analyses. A separate cohort of mice was used for a 2-week DID protocol using excitatory (Gq) DREADD and control virus. Gq DREADD-induced activation of the orexin neurocircuitry from the LH to the MS significantly reduced sedation time in both female and male mice. Furthermore, CNO treatment failed to alter ethanol sedation times in both animals expressing Gi DREADDs and control virus. There were no significant differences in blood ethanol concentrations (BECs) in any experimental group, suggesting that changes in sedation were not due to treatment-induced alterations of ethanol metabolism. Interestingly, in the DID study, only male mice decreased their ethanol consumption when Gq DREADDs were activated. These results provide novel evidence on the role played by this orexinergic LH to MS circuit on the sedative effects of ethanol and ethanol consumption in a sex-dependent manner. Thus, the MS should be considered further as a novel sexually dimorphic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Bendrath
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, United States
| | - Cory A Cook
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, United States
| | - Darin J Knapp
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, United States
| | - Todd E Thiele
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, United States; Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, United States.
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15
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Janssen H, Koekkoek LL, Swirski FK. Effects of lifestyle factors on leukocytes in cardiovascular health and disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:157-169. [PMID: 37752350 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Exercise, stress, sleep and diet are four distinct but intertwined lifestyle factors that influence the cardiovascular system. Abundant epidemiological, clinical and preclinical studies have underscored the importance of managing stress, having good sleep hygiene and responsible eating habits and exercising regularly. We are born with a genetic blueprint that can protect us against or predispose us to a particular disease. However, lifestyle factors build upon and profoundly influence those predispositions. Studies in the past 10 years have shown that the immune system in general and leukocytes in particular are particularly susceptible to environmental perturbations. Lifestyle factors such as stress, sleep, diet and exercise affect leukocyte behaviour and function and thus the immune system at large. In this Review, we explore the various mechanisms by which lifestyle factors modulate haematopoiesis and leukocyte migration and function in the context of cardiovascular health. We pay particular attention to the role of the nervous system as the key executor that connects environmental influences to leukocyte behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Janssen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura L Koekkoek
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- The Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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16
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Camacho-Hernandez G, Gopinath A, Okorom AV, Khoshbouei H, Newman AH. Development of a Fluorescently Labeled Ligand for Rapid Detection of DAT in Human and Mouse Peripheral Blood Monocytes. JACS AU 2024; 4:657-665. [PMID: 38425927 PMCID: PMC10900201 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is one of the key regulators of dopamine (DA) signaling in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the periphery. Recent reports in a model of Parkinson's disease (PD) have shown that dopamine neuronal loss in the CNS impacts the expression of DAT in peripheral immune cells. The mechanism underlying this connection is still unclear but could be illuminated with sensitive and high-throughput detection of DAT-expressing immune cells in the circulation. Herein, we have developed fluorescently labeled ligands (FLL) that bind to surface-expressing DAT with high affinity and selectivity. The diSulfoCy5-FLL (GC04-38) was utilized to label DAT in human and mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were analyzed via flow cytometry. Selective labeling was validated using DAT KO mouse PBMCs. Our studies provide an efficient and highly sensitive method using this novel DAT-selective FLL to advance our fundamental understanding of DAT expression and activity in PBMCs in health and disease and as a potential peripheral biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela
Andrea Camacho-Hernandez
- Medicinal
Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse − Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Adithya Gopinath
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Florida College
of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Amarachi V. Okorom
- Medicinal
Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse − Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Florida College
of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medicinal
Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse − Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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17
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Lutgendorf SK, Telles RM, Whitney B, Thaker PH, Slavich GM, Goodheart MJ, Penedo FJ, Noble AE, Cole SW, Sood AK, Corn BW. The biology of hope: Inflammatory and neuroendocrine profiles in ovarian cancer patients. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:362-369. [PMID: 38081436 PMCID: PMC11219272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the concept of hope is highly relevant for cancer patients, little is known about its association with cancer-relevant biomarkers. Here we examined how hope was related to diurnal cortisol and interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine previously associated with tumor biology and survival in ovarian cancer. Secondly, we examined whether hope and hopelessness are distinctly associated with these biomarkers. METHOD Participants were 292 high-grade ovarian cancer patients who completed surveys and provided saliva samples 4x/daily for 3 days pre-surgery to assess diurnal cortisol. Blood (pre-surgery) and ascites were assessed for IL-6. Hope and hopelessness were assessed using standardized survey items from established scales (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; Profile of Mood States, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy). Two hopeless items were z-scored and combined into a composite for analysis. Regression models related these variables to nocturnal cortisol, cortisol slope, plasma and ascites IL-6, adjusting for cancer stage, BMI, age, and depression. RESULTS Greater hope was significantly related to a steeper cortisol slope, β = -0.193, p = 0.046, and lower night cortisol, β = -0.227, p = 0.018, plasma IL-6, β = -0.142, p = 0.033, and ascites IL-6, β = -0.290, p = 0.002. Secondary analyses including both hope and hopelessness showed similar patterns, with distinct relationships of hope with significantly lower nocturnal cortisol β = -0.233,p = 0.017 and ascites IL-6, β = -0.282,p = 0.003, and between hopelessness and a flatter cortisol slope, β = 0.211, p = 0.031. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a biological signature of hope associated with less inflammation and more normalized diurnal cortisol in ovarian cancer. These findings have potential clinical utility but need replication with more diverse samples and validated assessments of hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
| | - Rachel M Telles
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Brendan Whitney
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Premal H Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael J Goodheart
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Departments of Psychology and Medicine and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Alyssa E Noble
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Steven W Cole
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anil K Sood
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Biology and Center for RNA Interference and Noncoding RNA, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Benjamin W Corn
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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18
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Richter CG, Li CM, Turnbull A, Haft SL, Schneider D, Luo J, Lima DP, Lin FV, Davidson RJ, Hoeft F. Brain imaging studies of emotional well-being: a scoping review. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1328523. [PMID: 38250108 PMCID: PMC10799564 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1328523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This scoping review provides an overview of previous empirical studies that used brain imaging techniques to investigate the neural correlates of emotional well-being (EWB). We compiled evidence on this topic into one accessible and usable document as a foundation for future research into the relationship between EWB and the brain. PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed. We located relevant articles by searching five electronic databases with 95 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. We explored EWB measures, brain imaging modalities, research designs, populations studied, and approaches that are currently in use to characterize and understand EWB across the literature. Of the key concepts related to EWB, the vast majority of studies investigated positive affect and life satisfaction, followed by sense of meaning, goal pursuit, and quality of life. The majority of studies used functional MRI, followed by EEG and event-related potential-based EEG to study the neural basis of EWB (predominantly experienced affect, affective perception, reward, and emotion regulation). It is notable that positive affect and life satisfaction have been studied significantly more often than the other three aspects of EWB (i.e., sense of meaning, goal pursuit, and quality of life). Our findings suggest that future studies should investigate EWB in more diverse samples, especially in children, individuals with clinical disorders, and individuals from various geographic locations. Future directions and theoretical implications are discussed, including the need for more longitudinal studies with ecologically valid measures that incorporate multi-level approaches allowing researchers to better investigate and evaluate the relationships among behavioral, environmental, and neural factors. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/t9cf6/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline G. Richter
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Celine Mylx Li
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Adam Turnbull
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- CogT Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Stephanie L. Haft
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Deborah Schneider
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Denise Pinheiro Lima
- Intensive Care Pediatrician, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Feng Vankee Lin
- CogT Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Richard J. Davidson
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Fumiko Hoeft
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States
- Brain Imaging Research Center (BIRC), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi Shinjuku Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Peng L, Li H, Zhang C, Jiang W. Activating α7nAChR suppresses systemic inflammation by mitigating neuroinflammation of the medullary visceral zone in sepsis in a rat model. Transl Neurosci 2024; 15:20220345. [PMID: 39156045 PMCID: PMC11330160 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that activating α7nAChRs suppresses systemic inflammation and immunity through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) in early sepsis. Now that the medullary visceral zone (MVZ) is the center of CAP and responsible for regulating systemic inflammation, what changes will occur in MVZ's pathology and function in sepsis, especially when interfering with α7nAChRs? Does activation of MVZ's α7nAChRs contribute to the inhibition of systemic inflammation? To clarify these issues, we explored the systemic inflammation and immunity state by detecting serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, HMGB1, sCD14, and CD4+CD25+Treg and TH17 lymphocytes percentage, meanwhile, we analyzed the apoptosis of cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurons and the expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) in MVZ in sepsis and the interfering effects on α7nAChRs. In this study, we found that in sepsis, serum TNF-α, IL-6, HMGB1, sCD14, CD4+CD25+Treg, and TH17 lymphocytes significantly increased and the ratio of Treg/TH17 significantly decreased, cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurons underwent apoptosis with low expressions of TH and CHAT in MVZ; activation of α7nAChRs not only significantly decreased the levels of septic serum TNF-α, IL-6, HMGB1, sCD14, and TH17 lymphocytes (P < 0.05), but also significantly reduced cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurons' apoptosis, and promoted expressions of TH/CHAT. Our study reveals that sepsis undermines MVZ through neuroinflammation which contributes to the uncontrolled systemic inflammation. Activating central α7nAChRs is not only helpful to restore MVZ's structure and function but also beneficial to subside the inflammatory storm in sepsis. Even if MVZ is damaged in sepsis, cholinergic neurons in MVZ still regulate the systemic inflammation stably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Peng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Hubei Cancer Hospital, Hubei Province, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbing Li
- Emergency Department of the First People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550002, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Emergency Department of the First People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550002, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Emergency Department of the First People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550002, China
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20
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Stone TW, Williams RO. Tryptophan metabolism as a 'reflex' feature of neuroimmune communication: Sensor and effector functions for the indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase kynurenine pathway. J Neurochem 2023. [PMID: 38102897 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Although the central nervous system (CNS) and immune system were regarded as independent entities, it is now clear that immune system cells can influence the CNS, and neuroglial activity influences the immune system. Despite the many clinical implications for this 'neuroimmune interface', its detailed operation at the molecular level remains unclear. This narrative review focuses on the metabolism of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway, since its products have critical actions in both the nervous and immune systems, placing it in a unique position to influence neuroimmune communication. In particular, since the kynurenine pathway is activated by pro-inflammatory mediators, it is proposed that physical and psychological stressors are the stimuli of an organismal protective reflex, with kynurenine metabolites as the effector arm co-ordinating protective neural and immune system responses. After a brief review of the neuroimmune interface, the general perception of tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway is expanded to emphasize this environmentally driven perspective. The initial enzymes in the kynurenine pathway include indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), which is induced by tissue damage, inflammatory mediators or microbial products, and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), which is induced by stress-induced glucocorticoids. In the immune system, kynurenic acid modulates leucocyte differentiation, inflammatory balance and immune tolerance by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and modulates pain via the GPR35 protein. In the CNS, quinolinic acid activates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-sensitive glutamate receptors, whereas kynurenic acid is an antagonist: the balance between glutamate, quinolinic acid and kynurenic acid is a significant regulator of CNS function and plasticity. The concept of kynurenine and its metabolites as mediators of a reflex coordinated protection against stress helps to understand the variety and breadth of their activity. It should also help to understand the pathological origin of some psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases involving the immune system and CNS, facilitating the development of new pharmacological strategies for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W Stone
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard O Williams
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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21
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Gopinath A, Riaz T, Miller E, Phan L, Smith A, Syed O, Franks S, Martinez LR, Khoshbouei H. Methamphetamine induces a low dopamine transporter expressing state without altering the total number of peripheral immune cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:496-507. [PMID: 36710070 PMCID: PMC10382601 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a widely abused psychostimulant and one of the main targets of dopamine transporter (DAT). Methamphetamine reduces DAT-mediated dopamine uptake and stimulates dopamine efflux leading to increased synaptic dopamine levels many folds above baseline. Methamphetamine also targets DAT-expressing peripheral immune cells, reduces wound healing and increases infection susceptibility. Peripheral immune cells such as myeloid cells, B cells and T cells express DAT. DAT activity on monocytes and macrophages exhibits immune suppressive properties via an autocrine paracrine mechanism, where deletion or inhibition of DAT activity increases inflammatory responses. In this study, utilizing a mouse model of daily single dose of methamphetamine administration, we investigated the impact of the drug on DAT expression in peripheral immune cells. We found in methamphetamine-treated mice that DAT expression was down-regulated in most of the innate and adaptive immune cells. Methamphetamine did not increase or decrease the total number of innate and adaptive immune cells but changed their immunophenotype to low-DAT-expressing phenotype. Moreover, serum cytokine distributions were altered in methamphetamine-treated mice. Therefore, resembling its effect in the CNS, in the periphery, methamphetamine regulates DAT expression on peripheral immune cell subsets, potentially describing methamphetamine regulation of peripheral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Tabish Riaz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Emily Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Leah Phan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Aidan Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ohee Syed
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephen Franks
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Luis R Martinez
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Immunology and Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Immunology and Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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22
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Miller EJ, Khoshbouei H. Immunity on ice: The impact of methamphetamine on peripheral immunity. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 99:217-250. [PMID: 38467482 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) regulation of the dopamine transporter (DAT) and central nervous system (CNS) dopamine transmission have been extensively studied. However, our understanding of how METH influences neuroimmune communication and innate and adaptive immunity is still developing. Recent studies have shed light on the bidirectional communication between the CNS and the peripheral immune system. They have established a link between CNS dopamine levels, dopamine neuronal activity, and peripheral immunity. Akin to dopamine neurons in the CNS, a majority of peripheral immune cells also express DAT, implying that in addition to their effect in the CNS, DAT ligands such as methamphetamine may have a role in modulating peripheral immunity. For example, by directly influencing DAT-expressing peripheral immune cells and thus peripheral immunity, METH can trigger a feed-forward cascade that impacts the bidirectional communication between the CNS and peripheral immune system. In this review, we aim to discuss the current understanding of how METH modulates both innate and adaptive immunity and identify areas where knowledge gaps exist. These gaps will then be considered in guiding future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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23
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Chang EH, Gabalski AH, Huerta TS, Datta-Chaudhuri T, Zanos TP, Zanos S, Grill WM, Tracey KJ, Al-Abed Y. The Fifth Bioelectronic Medicine Summit: today's tools, tomorrow's therapies. Bioelectron Med 2023; 9:21. [PMID: 37794457 PMCID: PMC10552422 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-023-00123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging field of bioelectronic medicine (BEM) is poised to make a significant impact on the treatment of several neurological and inflammatory disorders. With several BEM therapies being recently approved for clinical use and others in late-phase clinical trials, the 2022 BEM summit was a timely scientific meeting convening a wide range of experts to discuss the latest developments in the field. The BEM Summit was held over two days in New York with more than thirty-five invited speakers and panelists comprised of researchers and experts from both academia and industry. The goal of the meeting was to bring international leaders together to discuss advances and cultivate collaborations in this emerging field that incorporates aspects of neuroscience, physiology, molecular medicine, engineering, and technology. This Meeting Report recaps the latest findings discussed at the Meeting and summarizes the main developments in this rapidly advancing interdisciplinary field. Our hope is that this Meeting Report will encourage researchers from academia and industry to push the field forward and generate new multidisciplinary collaborations that will form the basis of new discoveries that we can discuss at the next BEM Summit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Chang
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Arielle H Gabalski
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Tomas S Huerta
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Timir Datta-Chaudhuri
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Theodoros P Zanos
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Stavros Zanos
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Warren M Grill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fitzpatrick CIEMAS, Duke University, Room 1427, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
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24
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Chan KL, Poller WC, Swirski FK, Russo SJ. Central regulation of stress-evoked peripheral immune responses. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:591-604. [PMID: 37626176 PMCID: PMC10848316 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Stress-linked psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and major depressive disorder, are associated with systemic inflammation. Recent studies have reported stress-induced alterations in haematopoiesis that result in monocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia and, consequently, in the upregulation of pro-inflammatory processes in immunologically relevant peripheral tissues. There is now evidence that this peripheral inflammation contributes to the development of psychiatric symptoms as well as to common co-morbidities of psychiatric disorders such as metabolic syndrome and immunosuppression. Here, we review the specific brain and spinal regions, and the neuronal populations within them, that respond to stress and transmit signals to peripheral tissues via the autonomic nervous system or neuroendocrine pathways to influence immunological function. We comprehensively summarize studies that have employed retrograde tracing to define neurocircuits linking the brain to the bone marrow, spleen, gut, adipose tissue and liver. Moreover, we highlight studies that have used chemogenetic or optogenetic manipulation or intracerebroventricular administration of peptide hormones to control somatic immune responses. Collectively, this growing body of literature illustrates potential mechanisms through which stress signals are conveyed from the CNS to immune cells to regulate stress-relevant behaviours and comorbid pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny L Chan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Wolfram C Poller
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Tian M, Wang Y, Pei X, Jiang J, He Y, Gong Y. Recent advances in the study of sepsis-induced depression. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2023; 3:239-243. [PMID: 37533814 PMCID: PMC10391568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Progress in medicine such as the use of anti-infective drugs and development of the advanced life support equipment has greatly improved the survival rate of patients with sepsis. However, the incidence of sepsis-related diseases is increasing. These include severe neurologic and psychologic disorders, cognitive decline, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Cerebral dysfunction occurs via multiple interacting mechanisms, with different causative pathogens having distinct effects. Because sepsis-related diseases place a substantial burden on patients and their families, it is important to elucidate the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms to develop effective treatments.
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Abstract
The cardiovascular system is hardwired to the brain via multilayered afferent and efferent polysynaptic axonal connections. Two major anatomically and functionally distinct though closely interacting subcircuits within the cardiovascular system have recently been defined: The artery-brain circuit and the heart-brain circuit. However, how the nervous system impacts cardiovascular disease progression remains poorly understood. Here, we review recent findings on the anatomy, structures, and inner workings of the lesser-known artery-brain circuit and the better-established heart-brain circuit. We explore the evidence that signals from arteries or the heart form a systemic and finely tuned cardiovascular brain circuit: afferent inputs originating in the arterial tree or the heart are conveyed to distinct sensory neurons in the brain. There, primary integration centers act as hubs that receive and integrate artery-brain circuit-derived and heart-brain circuit-derived signals and process them together with axonal connections and humoral cues from distant brain regions. To conclude the cardiovascular brain circuit, integration centers transmit the constantly modified signals to efferent neurons which transfer them back to the cardiovascular system. Importantly, primary integration centers are wired to and receive information from secondary brain centers that control a wide variety of brain traits encoded in engrams including immune memory, stress-regulating hormone release, pain, reward, emotions, and even motivated types of behavior. Finally, we explore the important possibility that brain effector neurons in the cardiovascular brain circuit network connect efferent signals to other peripheral organs including the immune system, the gut, the liver, and adipose tissue. The enormous recent progress vis-à-vis the cardiovascular brain circuit allows us to propose a novel neurobiology-centered cardiovascular disease hypothesis that we term the neuroimmune cardiovascular circuit hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarajo K Mohanta
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (S.K.M., C.Y., C.W., A.J.R.H.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (S.K.M., C.W., A.J.R.H.)
| | - Changjun Yin
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (S.K.M., C.Y., C.W., A.J.R.H.)
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (C.Y.)
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (S.K.M., C.Y., C.W., A.J.R.H.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (S.K.M., C.W., A.J.R.H.)
| | - Cristina Godinho-Silva
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal (C.G.-S., H.V.-F.)
| | | | - Qian J Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (Q.J.X., R.B.C.)
| | - Rui B Chang
- Department of Neuroscience, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (Q.J.X., R.B.C.)
| | - Andreas J R Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (S.K.M., C.Y., C.W., A.J.R.H.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (S.K.M., C.W., A.J.R.H.)
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Song H, Lei N, Zeng L, Li X, Li X, Liu Y, Liu J, Wu W, Mu J, Feng Q. Genetic predisposition to subjective well-being, depression, and suicide in relation to COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. J Affect Disord 2023; 335:233-238. [PMID: 37178830 PMCID: PMC10174343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have reported associations between subjective well-being (SWB), depression, and suicide with COVID-19 illness, but the causality has not been established. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal link between SWB, depression, suicide and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. METHODS Summary statistics for SWB (298,420 cases), depression (113,769 cases) and suicide (52,208 cases) were obtained from three large-scale GWAS. Data on the associations between the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and COVID-19 (159,840 cases), hospitalized COVID-19 (44,986 cases), and severe COVID-19 (18,152 cases) were collected from the COVID-19 host genetics initiative. The causal estimate was calculated by the Inverse Variance Weighted, MR Egger and Weighted Median methods. Sensitivity tests were used to evaluate the validity of the causal relationship. RESULTS Our results showed that genetically predicted SWB (OR = 0.98, 95 % CI: 0.86-1.10, P = 0.69), depression (OR = 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.54-1.06, P = 0.11), and suicide (OR = 0.99, 95 % CI: 0.96-1.02, P = 0.56) were not causally related to COVID-19 susceptibility. Similarly, we did not find a potential causal relationship between SWB, depression, suicide and COVID-19 severity. CONCLUSIONS This indicated that positive or negative emotions would not make COVID-19 better or worse, and strategies that attempted to use positive emotions to improve COVID-19 symptoms may be useless. Improving knowledge about the SARS-CoV-2 and timely medical intervention to reduce panic during a pandemic is one of the effective measures to deal with the current decrease in well-being and increase in depression and suicide rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Na Lei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ling Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiuyan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuqiao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jibin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Jie Mu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
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Kirkland JM, Patel I, Ardeshna MS, Kopec AM. Microglial synaptic pruning in the nucleus accumbens during adolescence sex-specifically influences splenic immune outcomes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.03.539317. [PMID: 37205376 PMCID: PMC10187280 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.539317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Strong social support promotes a variety of positive health outcomes in humans and rodent models, while social isolation in rodents shortens lifespan, perceived social isolation (i.e. loneliness) can increase mortality by up to 50% in humans. How social relationships lead to these drastic health effects is unclear, but may involve modulation of the peripheral immune system. The reward circuitry of the brain and social behaviors undergo a critical period of development during adolescence. We published that microglia-mediated synaptic pruning occurs in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) reward region during adolescence to mediate social development in male and female rats. We hypothesized that if reward circuitry activity and social relationships directly impact the peripheral immune system, then natural developmental changes in the reward circuitry and social behaviors during adolescence should also directly impact the peripheral immune system. To test this, we inhibited microglial pruning in the NAc during adolescence, and then collected spleen tissue for mass spectrometry proteomic analysis and ELISA validation. We found that the global proteomic consequences of inhibiting microglial pruning in the NAc were similar between the sexes, but target-specific examination suggests that NAc pruning impacts Th1 cell-related immune markers in the spleen in males, but not females, and broad neurochemical systems in the spleen in females, but not males.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Kirkland
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College
| | - Ishan Patel
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College
| | - Monali S. Ardeshna
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College
| | - Ashley M. Kopec
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College
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29
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Scherlinger M, Tsokos GC. Neurotransmitters arrive to control systemic autoimmunity. Cell Metab 2023; 35:728-729. [PMID: 37137285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell microenvironment plays a major role in the aberrant function of immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Zeng and co-authors show that in human and murine lupus, splenic stromal cell-derived acetylcholine switches B cell metabolism to fatty acid oxidation and promotes B cell autoreactivity and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Scherlinger
- Centre National de Référence des Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Est/Sud-Ouest (RESO), France; Service de rhumatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg, 1 avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg, France; Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Strasbourg, France
| | - George C Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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30
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Castellani G, Croese T, Peralta Ramos JM, Schwartz M. Transforming the understanding of brain immunity. Science 2023; 380:eabo7649. [PMID: 37023203 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo7649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary studies have completely changed the view of brain immunity from envisioning the brain as isolated and inaccessible to peripheral immune cells to an organ in close physical and functional communication with the immune system for its maintenance, function, and repair. Circulating immune cells reside in special niches in the brain's borders, the choroid plexus, meninges, and perivascular spaces, from which they patrol and sense the brain in a remote manner. These niches, together with the meningeal lymphatic system and skull microchannels, provide multiple routes of interaction between the brain and the immune system, in addition to the blood vasculature. In this Review, we describe current ideas about brain immunity and their implications for brain aging, diseases, and immune-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Castellani
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tommaso Croese
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Michal Schwartz
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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31
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Paterson CW, Gutierrez MB, Coopersmith CM, Ford ML. Impact of chronic alcohol exposure on conventional and regulatory murine T cell subsets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1142614. [PMID: 37006296 PMCID: PMC10063870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1142614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic alcohol use poses significant negative consequences to public health and, among its many biologic effects, is associated with significant T cell dysregulation within the adaptive immune system that has yet to be fully characterized. Novel, automated strategies for high dimensional flow cytometric analysis of the immune system are rapidly improving researchers' ability to detect and characterize rare cell types. Methods Using a murine model of chronic alcohol ingestion in conjunction with viSNE and CITRUS analysis tools, we performed a machine-driven, exploratory analysis comparing rare splenic subpopulations within the conventional CD4+, regulatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments between alcohol- and water-fed animals. Results While there were no differences in the absolute numbers of bulk CD3+ T cells, bulk CD4+ T cells, bulk CD8+ T cells, Foxp3- CD4+ conventional T cells (Tconv) or Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg), we identified populations of naïve Helios+ CD4+Tconv and naïve CD103+ CD8+ splenic T cells that were decreased in chronically alcohol exposed mice versus water-fed controls. In addition, we identified increased CD69+ Treg and decreased CD103+ effector regulatory T cell (eTreg) subsets in conjunction with increased frequency of a population that may represent a transitional phenotype between central regulatory T cell (cTreg) and eTreg. Discussion These data provide further resolution into the character of decreased naïve T cell populations known to be present in alcohol exposed mice, as well as describe alterations in effector regulatory T cell phenotypes associated with the pathogenesis of chronic alcohol-induced immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron W. Paterson
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Medical Corps, United States Navy, Navy Reserve Officer Training Corps (NROTC), Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Melissa B. Gutierrez
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Craig M. Coopersmith
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mandy L. Ford
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory Transplant Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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32
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Karimi-Haghighi S, Chavoshinezhad S, Mozafari R, Noorbakhsh F, Borhani-Haghighi A, Haghparast A. Neuroinflammatory Response in Reward-Associated Psychostimulants and Opioids: A Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:649-682. [PMID: 35461410 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Substance abuse is one of the significant problems in social and public health worldwide. Vast numbers of evidence illustrate that motivational and reinforcing impacts of addictive drugs are primarily attributed to their ability to change dopamine signaling in the reward circuit. However, the roles of classic neurotransmitters, especially dopamine and neuromodulators, monoamines, and neuropeptides, in reinforcing characteristics of abused drugs have been extensively investigated. It has recently been revealed that central immune signaling includes cascades of chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines released by neurons and glia via downstream intracellular signaling pathways that play a crucial role in mediating rewarding behavioral effects of drugs. More interestingly, inflammatory responses in the central nervous system modulate the mesolimbic dopamine signaling and glutamate-dependent currents induced by addictive drugs. This review summarized researches in the alterations of inflammatory responses accompanied by rewarding and reinforcing properties of addictive drugs, including cocaine, methamphetamine, and opioids that were evaluated by conditioned place preference and self-administration procedures as highly common behavioral tests to investigate the motivational and reinforcing impacts of addictive drugs. The neuroinflammatory responses affect the rewarding properties of psychostimulants and opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Karimi-Haghighi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Chavoshinezhad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Mozafari
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.
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ß-Adrenoreceptors in Human Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043671. [PMID: 36835082 PMCID: PMC9964924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death and represents a significant economic burden worldwide. The numbers are constantly growing as a result of increasing life expectancy, toxic environmental factors, and adoption of Western lifestyle. Among lifestyle factors, stress and the related signaling pathways have recently been implicated in the development of tumors. Here we present some epidemiological and preclinical data concerning stress-related activation of the ß-adrenoreceptors (ß-ARs), which contributes to the formation, sequential transformation, and migration of different tumor cell types. We focused our survey on research results for breast and lung cancer, melanoma, and gliomas published in the past five years. Based on the converging evidence, we present a conceptual framework of how cancer cells hijack a physiological mechanism involving ß-ARs toward a positive modulation of their own survival. In addition, we also highlight the potential contribution of ß-AR activation to tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Finally, we outline the antitumor effects of targeting the ß-adrenergic signaling pathways, methods for which primarily include repurposed ß-blocker drugs. However, we also call attention to the emerging (though as yet largely explorative) method of chemogenetics, which has a great potential in suppressing tumor growth either by selectively modulating neuronal cell groups involved in stress responses affecting cancer cells or by directly manipulating specific (e.g., the ß-AR) receptors on a tumor and its microenvironment.
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34
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Dutcher JM. Brain Reward Circuits Promote Stress Resilience and Health: Implications for Reward-Based Interventions. CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2023; 32:65-72. [PMID: 37234195 PMCID: PMC10211312 DOI: 10.1177/09637214221121770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
From the COVID-19 global pandemic to racial injustice and the continued impact of climate change on communities across the globe, the last couple of years have demonstrated the need for a greater understanding of how to protect people from the negative consequences of stress. Here, I outline a perspective on how the brain's reward system might be an important, but often understudied, protective mechanism for stress resilience and stress-related health outcomes. I describe work suggesting that reward system engagement inhibits the stress response and is associated with improved health outcomes including reduced depressive symptomatology and slowed cancer progression. I then highlight important future directions for translational research and illustrate the value of this perspective for improving behavioral interventions in clinical psychology and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M Dutcher
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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35
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Gopinath A, Mackie PM, Phan LT, Mirabel R, Smith AR, Miller E, Franks S, Syed O, Riaz T, Law BK, Urs N, Khoshbouei H. Who Knew? Dopamine Transporter Activity Is Critical in Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020269. [PMID: 36672204 PMCID: PMC9857305 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates the dimension and duration of dopamine transmission. DAT expression, its trafficking, protein-protein interactions, and its activity are conventionally studied in the CNS and within the context of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's Diseases and neuropsychiatric diseases such as drug addiction, attention deficit hyperactivity and autism. However, DAT is also expressed at the plasma membrane of peripheral immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, T-cells, and B-cells. DAT activity via an autocrine/paracrine signaling loop regulates macrophage responses to immune stimulation. In a recent study, we identified an immunosuppressive function for DAT, where blockade of DAT activity enhanced LPS-mediated production of IL-6, TNF-α, and mitochondrial superoxide levels, demonstrating that DAT activity regulates macrophage immune responses. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that in the DAT knockout mice, innate and adaptive immunity are perturbed. We found that genetic deletion of DAT (DAT-/-) results in an exaggerated baseline inflammatory phenotype in peripheral circulating myeloid cells. In peritoneal macrophages obtained from DAT-/- mice, we identified increased MHC-II expression and exaggerated phagocytic response to LPS-induced immune stimulation, suppressed T-cell populations at baseline and following systemic endotoxemia and exaggerated memory B cell expansion. In DAT-/- mice, norepinephrine and dopamine levels are increased in spleen and thymus, but not in circulating serum. These findings in conjunction with spleen hypoplasia, increased splenic myeloid cells, and elevated MHC-II expression, in DAT-/- mice further support a critical role for DAT activity in peripheral immunity. While the current study is only focused on identifying the role of DAT in peripheral immunity, our data point to a much broader implication of DAT activity than previously thought. This study is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Marc Caron who has left an indelible mark in the dopamine transporter field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Phillip M. Mackie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Leah T. Phan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Rosa Mirabel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Aidan R. Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Emily Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Stephen Franks
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ohee Syed
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Tabish Riaz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Brian K. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Nikhil Urs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (H.K.)
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36
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Association of pessimism with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 76:91-98. [PMID: 36462555 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Poor psychological health is associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, cardiac syndrome X, coronary microcirculatory dysfunction, peripheral artery disease, or spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Data regarding pessimism, cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality and all-cause mortality remained inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide an overview of the association between pessimism, CVD outcomes and mortality. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted from inception through July 2022 for studies evaluating pessimism and adverse outcomes. A total of 17 studies published between 1966 and July 2022 met our inclusion criteria, for a total of 232,533 individuals. Pooled hazard ratios were calculated in random-effects meta-analyses. Based on pooled analysis of adjusted HRs, pessimism was associated with adjusted HR of 1.13 (95% CI 1.07-1.19) for all-cause mortality with minimal heterogeneity (I2 = 28.5%). Based on pooled analysis of adjusted HRs, pessimism was associated with adjusted HR of 1.30 (95% CI 0.43-3.95) for CHD mortality, adjusted HR of 1.41 (95% CI 1.05-1.91) for CVD mortality, and adjusted HR of 1.43 (95% CI 0.64-3.16) for stroke. In conclusion, pessimism seems to be significantly associated with a higher risk for and poorer outcomes from CVD events than optimistic styles. There are genetic and other bases for these life approaches, but behavioral, cognitive and meditative interventions can modify patients' level of pessimism, hopefully leading to better medical outcomes. Testing this theory would yield highly useful and practical data for clinical care.
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37
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Barham W, Hsu M, Liu X, Harrington SM, Hirdler JB, Gicobi JK, Zhu X, Zeng H, Pavelko KD, Yan Y, Mansfield AS, Dong H. A Novel Humanized PD-1/PD-L1 Mouse Model Permits Direct Comparison of Antitumor Immunity Generated by Food and Drug Administration-Approved PD-1 and PD-L1 Inhibitors. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:125-139. [PMID: 36656137 PMCID: PMC10106088 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven different anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 mAbs are now widely used in the United States to treat a variety of cancer types, but no clinical trials have compared them directly. Furthermore, because many of these Abs do not cross-react between mouse and human proteins, no preclinical models exist in which to consider these types of questions. Thus, we produced humanized PD-1 and PD-L1 mice in which the extracellular domains of both mouse PD-1 and PD-L1 were replaced with the corresponding human sequences. Using this new model, we sought to compare the strength of the immune response generated by Food and Drug Administration-approved Abs. To do this, we performed an in vivo T cell priming assay in which anti-PD-1/L1 therapies were given at the time of T cell priming against surrogate tumor Ag (OVA), followed by subsequent B16-OVA tumor challenge. Surprisingly, both control and Ab-treated mice formed an equally robust OVA-specific T cell response at the time of priming. Despite this, anti-PD-1/L1-treated mice exhibited significantly better tumor rejection versus controls, with avelumab generating the best protection. To determine what could be mediating this, we identified the increased production of CX3CR1+PD-1+CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in the avelumab-treated mice, the same phenotype of effector T cells known to increase in clinical responders to PD-1/L1 therapy. Thus, our model permits the direct comparison of Food and Drug Administration-approved anti-PD-1/L1 mAbs and further correlates successful tumor rejection with the level of CX3CR1+PD-1+CD8 + T cells, making this model a critical tool for optimizing and better utilizing anti-PD-1/L1 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Barham
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Michelle Hsu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Joanina K. Gicobi
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and
| | - Hu Zeng
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and
| | - Kevin D. Pavelko
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Yiyi Yan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Aaron S. Mansfield
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Haidong Dong
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Gaskill PJ, Khoshbouei H. Dopamine and norepinephrine are embracing their immune side and so should we. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 77:102626. [PMID: 36058009 PMCID: PMC10481402 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
While the history of neuroimmunology is long, the explicit study of neuroimmune communication, and particularly the role of catecholamines in neuroimmunity, is still emerging. Recent studies have shown that catecholamines, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine, are central to multiple complex mechanisms regulating immune function. These studies show that catecholamines can be released from both the nervous system and directly from immune cells, mediating both autocrine and paracrine signaling. This commentary highlights the importance of catecholaminergic immunomodulation and discusses new considerations needed to study the role of catecholamines in immune homeostasis to best leverage their contribution to disease processes for the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Gaskill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. https://twitter.com/Khoshbouei_lab
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39
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Stone TW, Clanchy FIL, Huang YS, Chiang NY, Darlington LG, Williams RO. An integrated cytokine and kynurenine network as the basis of neuroimmune communication. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1002004. [PMID: 36507331 PMCID: PMC9729788 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1002004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the molecular families closely associated with mediating communication between the brain and immune system are cytokines and the kynurenine metabolites of tryptophan. Both groups regulate neuron and glial activity in the central nervous system (CNS) and leukocyte function in the immune system, although neither group alone completely explains neuroimmune function, disease occurrence or severity. This essay suggests that the two families perform complementary functions generating an integrated network. The kynurenine pathway determines overall neuronal excitability and plasticity by modulating glutamate receptors and GPR35 activity across the CNS, and regulates general features of immune cell status, surveillance and tolerance which often involves the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR). Equally, cytokines and chemokines define and regulate specific populations of neurons, glia or immune system leukocytes, generating more specific responses within restricted CNS regions or leukocyte populations. In addition, as there is a much larger variety of these compounds, their homing properties enable the superimposition of dynamic variations of cell activity upon local, spatially limited, cell populations. This would in principle allow the targeting of potential treatments to restricted regions of the CNS. The proposed synergistic interface of 'tonic' kynurenine pathway affecting baseline activity and the superimposed 'phasic' cytokine system would constitute an integrated network explaining some features of neuroimmune communication. The concept would broaden the scope for the development of new treatments for disorders involving both the CNS and immune systems, with safer and more effective agents targeted to specific CNS regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W. Stone
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Trevor W. Stone,
| | - Felix I. L. Clanchy
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Shu Huang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nien-Yi Chiang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L. Gail Darlington
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ashtead Hospital, Ashtead, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O. Williams
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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40
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Dopaminergic Signalling Enhances IL-2 Production and Strengthens Anti-Tumour Response Exerted by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in a Melanoma Mouse Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223536. [PMID: 36428964 PMCID: PMC9688276 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine has emerged as an important regulator of immunity. Recent evidence has shown that signalling through low-affinity dopamine receptors exerts anti-inflammatory effects, whilst stimulation of high-affinity dopamine receptors potentiates immunity in different models. However, the dopaminergic regulation of CD8+ T-cells in anti-tumour immunity remains poorly explored. Here, we studied the role of dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3), which displays the highest affinity for dopamine, in the function of CD8+ T-cells and its consequences in the anti-tumour immune response. We observed that the deficiency of Drd3 (the gene encoding DRD3) in CD8+ T-cells limits their in vivo expansion, leading to an impaired anti-tumour response in a mouse melanoma model. Mechanistic analyses suggest that DRD3 stimulation favours the production of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and the surface expression of CD25, the α-chain IL-2 receptor, which are required for expansion and effector differentiation of CD8+ T-cells. Thus, our results provide genetic and pharmacologic evidence indicating that DRD3 favours the production of IL-2 by CD8+ T-cells, which is associated with higher expansion and acquisition of effector function of these cells, promoting a more potent anti-tumour response in a melanoma mouse model. These findings contribute to understanding how dopaminergic signalling affects the cellular immune response and represent an opportunity to improve melanoma therapy.
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You Z, Liu B, Qi H. Neuronal regulation of B-cell immunity: Anticipatory immune posturing? Neuron 2022; 110:3582-3596. [PMID: 36327899 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The brain may sense, evaluate, modulate, and intervene in the operation of immune system, which would otherwise function autonomously in defense against pathogens. Antibody-mediated immunity is one arm of adaptive immunity that may achieve sterilizing protection against infection. Lymphoid organs are densely innervated. Immune cells supporting the antigen-specific antibody response express receptors for neurotransmitters and glucocorticoid hormones, and they are subjected to collective regulation by the neuroendocrine and the autonomic nervous system. Emerging evidence reveals a brain-spleen axis that regulates antigen-specific B cell responses and antibody-mediated immunity. In this article, we provide a synthesis of those studies as pertinent to neuronal regulation of B cell responses in secondary lymphoid organs. We propose the concept of defensive immune posturing as a brain-initiated top-down reaction in anticipation of potential tissue injury that requires immune protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei You
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hai Qi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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42
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Koren T, Rolls A. Immunoception: Defining brain-regulated immunity. Neuron 2022; 110:3425-3428. [PMID: 36327893 PMCID: PMC7615112 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The emerging understanding of homeostatic neuroimmune interactions requires developing relevant terminology. In this NeuroView, Koren and Rolls define "immunoception" as the brain's bidirectional monitoring and control of immunity. They propose that the physiological trace storing immune-related information, the "immunengram," is distributed between the brain and memory cells residing in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Koren
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Asya Rolls
- Department of Immunology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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43
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Peralta Ramos JM, Kviatcovsky D, Schwartz M. Targeting the immune system towards novel therapeutic avenues to fight brain aging and neurodegeneration. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5413-5427. [PMID: 35075702 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of age-related dementia is growing with increased longevity, yet there are currently no disease-modifying therapies for these devastating disorders. Studies over the last several years have led to an evolving awareness of the role of the immune system in supporting brain maintenance and repair, displaying a diverse repertoire of functions while orchestrating the crosstalk between the periphery and the brain. Here, we provide insights into the current understanding of therapeutic targets that could be adopted to modulate immune cell fate, either systemically or locally, to defeat brain aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Kviatcovsky
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Schwartz
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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44
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Lane EL, Lelos MJ. Defining the unknowns for cell therapies in Parkinson's disease. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049543. [PMID: 36165848 PMCID: PMC9555765 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
First-in-human clinical trials have commenced to test the safety and efficacy of cell therapies for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Proof of concept that this neural repair strategy is efficacious is based on decades of preclinical studies and clinical trials using primary foetal cells, as well as a significant literature exploring more novel stem cell-derived products. Although several measures of efficacy have been explored, including the successful in vitro differentiation of stem cells to dopamine neurons and consistent alleviation of motor dysfunction in rodent models, many unknowns still remain regarding the long-term clinical implications of this treatment strategy. Here, we consider some of these outstanding questions, including our understanding of the interaction between anti-Parkinsonian medication and the neural transplant, the impact of the cell therapy on cognitive or neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD, the role of neuroinflammation in the therapeutic process and the development of graft-induced dyskinesias. We identify questions that are currently pertinent to the field that require further exploration, and pave the way for a more holistic understanding of this neural repair strategy for treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Lane
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Mariah J. Lelos
- School of Biosciences, Museum Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
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45
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Mota CMD, Madden CJ. Neural control of the spleen as an effector of immune responses to inflammation: mechanisms and treatments. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R375-R384. [PMID: 35993560 PMCID: PMC9485006 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00151.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immune system responses are a vital defense mechanism against pathogens. Inflammatory mediators finely regulate complex inflammatory responses from initiation to resolution. However, in certain conditions, the inflammation is initiated and amplified, but not resolved. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying the regulation of the immune response is critical for developing therapeutic alternatives, including pharmaceuticals and bioelectronic tools. The spleen is an important immune effector organ since it orchestrates innate and adaptive immune responses such as pathogen clearance, cytokine production, and differentiation of cells, therefore playing a modulatory role that balances pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. However, modulation of splenic immune activity is a largely unexplored potential therapeutic tool that could be used for the treatment of inflammatory and life-threatening conditions. This review discusses some of the mechanisms controlling neuroimmune communication and the brain-spleen axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa M D Mota
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christopher J Madden
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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46
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Xu Y, Kong X, Zhu Y, Xu J, Mao H, Li J, Zhang J, Zhu X. Contribution of gut microbiota toward renal function in sepsis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:985283. [PMID: 36147845 PMCID: PMC9486003 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.985283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis most often involves the kidney and is one of the most common causes of acute kidney injury. The prevalence of septic acute kidney injury has increased significantly in recent years. The gut microbiota plays an important role in sepsis. It interacts with the kidney in a complex and multifactorial process, which is not fully understood. Sepsis may lead to gut microbiota alteration, orchestrate gut mucosal injury, and cause gut barrier failure, which further alters the host immunological and metabolic homeostasis. The pattern of gut microbiota alteration also varies with sepsis progression. Changes in intestinal microecology have double-edged effects on renal function, which also affects intestinal homeostasis. This review aimed to clarify the interaction between gut microbiota and renal function during the onset and progression of sepsis. The mechanism of gut–kidney crosstalk may provide potential insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Xu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangmei Kong
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueniu Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayue Xu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyun Mao
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiru Li
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jianhua Zhang,
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Xiaodong Zhu,
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47
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Lopes PC. Anticipating infection: how parasitism risk changes animal physiology. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C. Lopes
- Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University Orange CA USA
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48
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Bower JE, Radin A, Kuhlman KR. Psychoneuroimmunology in the time of COVID-19: Why neuro-immune interactions matter for mental and physical health. Behav Res Ther 2022; 154:104104. [PMID: 35609375 PMCID: PMC9075982 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The brain and immune system are intricately connected, and perturbations in one system have direct effects on the other. This review focuses on these dynamic psychoneuroimmune interactions and their implications for mental and physical health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, we describe how psychological states influence antiviral immunity and the vaccine response, and how immune changes triggered by COVID (either via infection with SARS-CoV-2 or associated stressors) can influence the brain with effects on cognition, emotion, and behavior. We consider negative psychological states, which have been the primary focus of psychological research in the context of COVID-19 (and psychoneuroimmunology more generally). We also consider positive psychological states, including positive affect and eudaimonic well-being, given increasing evidence for their importance as modulators of immunity. We finish with a discussion of interventions that may be effective in improving immune function, the neuro-immune axis, and ultimately, mental and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julienne E Bower
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Arielle Radin
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kate R Kuhlman
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychological Science, UCI, Irvine, CA, USA
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49
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Panther EJ, Dodd W, Clark A, Lucke-Wold B. Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Neurologic Injury. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020500. [PMID: 35203709 PMCID: PMC8962360 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Communication between the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS) is vital for maintaining systemic homeostasis. Intrinsic and extrinsic neurological inputs of the gut regulate blood flow, peristalsis, hormone release, and immunological function. The health of the gut microbiome plays a vital role in regulating the overall function and well-being of the individual. Microbes release short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that regulate G-protein-coupled receptors to mediate hormone release, neurotransmitter release (i.e., serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine, and histamine), and regulate inflammation and mood. Further gaseous factors (i.e., nitric oxide) are important in regulating inflammation and have a response in injury. Neurologic injuries such as ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular lesions can all lead to gut dysbiosis. Additionally, unfavorable alterations in the composition of the microbiota may be associated with increased risk for these neurologic injuries due to increased proinflammatory molecules and clotting factors. Interventions such as probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and oral SCFAs have been shown to stabilize and improve the composition of the microbiome. However, the effect this has on neurologic injury prevention and recovery has not been studied extensively. The purpose of this review is to elaborate on the complex relationship between the nervous system and the microbiome and to report how neurologic injury modulates the status of the microbiome. Finally, we will propose various interventions that may be beneficial in the recovery from neurologic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Panther
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - William Dodd
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (W.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Alec Clark
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (W.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA;
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50
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Sato D, Hamada Y, Narita M, Mori T, Tezuka H, Suda Y, Tanaka K, Yoshida S, Tamura H, Yamanaka A, Senba E, Kuzumaki N, Narita M. Tumor suppression and improvement in immune systems by specific activation of dopamine D1-receptor-expressing neurons in the nucleus accumbens. Mol Brain 2022; 15:17. [PMID: 35172858 PMCID: PMC8848802 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has suggested that the mesolimbic dopamine network that mainly terminates in the nucleus accumbens may positively control the peripheral immune system. The activation of dopamine receptors in neurons in the nucleus accumbens by the release of endogenous dopamine is thus expected to contribute to efferent immune regulation. As in the stimulation of Gs-coupled dopamine D1-receptors or Gi-coupled D2-receptors by endogenous dopamine, we investigated whether specific stimulation of dopamine D1-receptor-expressing neurons or inhibition of dopamine D2-receptor-expressing neurons in the nucleus accumbens could produce anti-tumor effects and improve the immune system in transgenic mice using pharmacogenetic techniques. Repeated stimulation of D1-receptor-expressing neurons in either the medial shell, lateral shell or core regions of the nucleus accumbens significantly decreased tumor volume under a state of tumor transplantation, whereas repeated suppression of D2-receptor-expressing neurons in these areas had no effect on this event. The number of splenic CD8+ T cells was significantly increased following repeated stimulation of D1-receptor-expressing neurons in the nucleus accumbens of mice with tumor transplantation. Furthermore, this stimulation produced a significant reduction in the population of splenic CD8+ T cells that expressed immune checkpoint-related inhibitory receptors, PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3. These findings suggest that repeated stimulation of D1-receptor-expressing neurons (probably D1-receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons) in the nucleus accumbens suppressed tumor progression and improved the immune system by suppressing the exhaustion of splenic CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Michiko Narita
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Mori
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tezuka
- Department of Cellular Function Analysis, Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yukari Suda
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Sara Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hideki Tamura
- Institute for Advanced Life Sciences, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0063, Japan.,Laboratory of Biofunctional Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0063, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Emiko Senba
- Department of Physical Therapy, Osaka Yukioka College of Health Science, 1-1-41 Sojiji, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0801, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Naoko Kuzumaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan. .,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Minoru Narita
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawaku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan. .,Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute (NCCRI), 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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