1
|
He J, Kurita K, Yoshida T, Matsumoto K, Shimizu E, Hirano Y. Comparisons of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and functional connectivity in major depressive disorder and social anxiety disorder: A resting-state fMRI study. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:425-436. [PMID: 39004312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies comparing the brain functions of major depressive disorder (MDD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) at the regional and network levels remain scarce. This study aimed to elucidate their pathogenesis using neuroimaging techniques and explore biomarkers that can differentiate these disorders. METHODS Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 48 patients with MDD, 41 patients with SAD, and 82 healthy controls. Differences in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) among the three groups were examined to identify regions showing abnormal regional spontaneous activity. A seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis was conducted using ALFF results as seeds and different connections were identified between regions showing abnormal local spontaneous activity and other regions. The correlation between abnormal brain function and clinical symptoms was analyzed. RESULTS Patients with MDD and SAD exhibited similar abnormal ALFF and FC in several brain regions; notably, FC between the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and the right posterior supramarginal gyrus (pSMG) in patients with SAD was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, patients with MDD showed higher ALFF in the right SFG than HCs and those with SAD. LIMITATION Potential effects of medications, comorbidities, and data type could not be ignored. CONCLUSION MDD and SAD showed common and distinct aberrant brain function patterns at the regional and network levels. At the regional level, we found that the ALFF in the right SFG was different between patients with MDD and those with SAD. At the network level, we did not find any differences between these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junbing He
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kohei Kurita
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tokiko Yoshida
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiji Shimizu
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Hirano
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu N, Tu J, Yi F, Zhang X, Zhong X, Wang L, Xie L, Zhou J. The Identification of Potential Anti-Depression/Anxiety Drug Targets by Stress-Induced Rat Brain Regional Proteome and Network Analyses. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2957-2971. [PMID: 39088164 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety disorders are prevalent stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders and involve multiple molecular changes and dysfunctions across various brain regions. However, the specific and shared pathophysiological mechanisms occurring in these regions remain unclear. Previous research used a rat model of chronic mild stress (CMS) to segregate and identify depression-susceptible, anxiety-susceptible, and insusceptible groups; then the proteomes of six distinct brain regions (the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, pituitary, olfactory bulb, and striatum) were separately and quantitatively analyzed. To gain a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the molecular abnormalities, this study aimed to investigate and compare differential proteomics data from the six regions. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in between specific regions and across all regions and subjected to a series of bioinformatics analyses. Regional comparisons showed that stress-induced proteomic changes and corresponding gene ontology and pathway enrichments were largely distinct, attributable to differences in cell populations, protein compositions, and brain functions of these areas. Additionally, a notable degree of overlap in the significantly enriched terms was identified, potentially suggesting strong connections in the enrichment across different regions. Furthermore, intra-regional and inter-regional protein-protein interaction networks and drug-target-DEP networks were constructed. Integrated analysis of the three association networks in the six regions, along with the DisGeNET database, identified ten DEPs as potential targets for anti-depression/anxiety drugs. Collectively, these findings revealed commonalities and differences across different brain regions at the protein level induced by CMS, and identified several novel protein targets for the development of new therapeutics for depression and anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiaxin Tu
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Faping Yi
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xianhui Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lynch CJ, Elbau IG, Ng T, Ayaz A, Zhu S, Wolk D, Manfredi N, Johnson M, Chang M, Chou J, Summerville I, Ho C, Lueckel M, Bukhari H, Buchanan D, Victoria LW, Solomonov N, Goldwaser E, Moia S, Caballero-Gaudes C, Downar J, Vila-Rodriguez F, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Kay K, Aloysi A, Gordon EM, Bhati MT, Williams N, Power JD, Zebley B, Grosenick L, Gunning FM, Liston C. Frontostriatal salience network expansion in individuals in depression. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07805-2. [PMID: 39232159 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07805-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Decades of neuroimaging studies have shown modest differences in brain structure and connectivity in depression, hindering mechanistic insights or the identification of risk factors for disease onset1. Furthermore, whereas depression is episodic, few longitudinal neuroimaging studies exist, limiting understanding of mechanisms that drive mood-state transitions. The emerging field of precision functional mapping has used densely sampled longitudinal neuroimaging data to show behaviourally meaningful differences in brain network topography and connectivity between and in healthy individuals2-4, but this approach has not been applied in depression. Here, using precision functional mapping and several samples of deeply sampled individuals, we found that the frontostriatal salience network is expanded nearly twofold in the cortex of most individuals with depression. This effect was replicable in several samples and caused primarily by network border shifts, with three distinct modes of encroachment occurring in different individuals. Salience network expansion was stable over time, unaffected by mood state and detectable in children before the onset of depression later in adolescence. Longitudinal analyses of individuals scanned up to 62 times over 1.5 years identified connectivity changes in frontostriatal circuits that tracked fluctuations in specific symptoms and predicted future anhedonia symptoms. Together, these findings identify a trait-like brain network topology that may confer risk for depression and mood-state-dependent connectivity changes in frontostriatal circuits that predict the emergence and remission of depressive symptoms over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Immanuel G Elbau
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tommy Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aliza Ayaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shasha Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danielle Wolk
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicola Manfredi
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jolin Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Claire Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maximilian Lueckel
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hussain Bukhari
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Derrick Buchanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Nili Solomonov
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Goldwaser
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefano Moia
- Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia, Spain
| | | | - Jonathan Downar
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fidel Vila-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kendrick Kay
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Amy Aloysi
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mahendra T Bhati
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nolan Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Power
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Zebley
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Logan Grosenick
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Faith M Gunning
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song YW, Lee HS, Kim S, Kim K, Kim BN, Kim JS. How to Solve Clinical Challenges in Mood Disorders; Machine Learning Approaches Using Electrophysiological Markers. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 22:416-430. [PMID: 39069681 PMCID: PMC11289601 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.24.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Differentiating between the diagnoses of mood disorders and other psychiatric disorders, and predicting treatment response in depression has long been a concern for clinicians. Machine learning (ML) is one part of artificial intelligence that focuses on instructing computers to mimic the cognitive abilities of the human brain through training. This study will review the research on the use of ML techniques to differentiate diagnoses and predict treatment responses in mood disorders based on electroencephalography (EEG) data. There have been several attempts to differentiate between the diagnoses of bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder , mood disorders, and other psychiatric disorders using ML techniques found on EEG markers. Previous studies have shown that accuracy varies depending on which EEG markers are used, the sample size, and the ML technique. Also, precise and improved ML approaches can be developed by adapting the various feature selection and validation methods that reflect each disease's characteristics. Although ML faces some limitations and challenges in solving for consistent and improved accuracy in the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders, it has a great potential to understand mood disorders better and provide valuable tools to personalize both identification and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Wook Song
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Ho Sung Lee
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sungkean Kim
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
- Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Kibum Kim
- Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Bin-Na Kim
- Department of Psychology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Sun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brown R, Cherian K, Jones K, Wickham R, Gomez R, Sahlem G. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-traumatic stress disorder in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 8:CD015040. [PMID: 39092744 PMCID: PMC11295260 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015040.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The estimated lifetime prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults worldwide has been estimated at 3.9%. PTSD appears to contribute to alterations in neuronal network connectivity patterns. Current pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments for PTSD are associated with inadequate symptom improvement and high dropout rates. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive therapy involving induction of electrical currents in cortical brain tissue, may be an important treatment option for PTSD to improve remission rates and for people who cannot tolerate existing treatments. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Controlled Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, three other databases, and two clinical trials registers. We checked reference lists of relevant articles. The most recent search was January 2023. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of rTMS versus sham rTMS for PTSD in adults from any treatment setting, including veterans. Eligible trials employed at least five rTMS treatment sessions with both active and sham conditions. We included trials with combination interventions, where a pharmacological agent or psychotherapy was combined with rTMS for both intervention and control groups. We included studies meeting the above criteria regardless of whether they reported any of our outcomes of interest. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias in accordance with Cochrane standards. Primary outcomes were PTSD severity immediately after treatment and serious adverse events during active treatment. Secondary outcomes were PTSD remission, PTSD response, PTSD severity at two follow-up time points after treatment, dropouts, and depression and anxiety severity immediately after treatment. MAIN RESULTS We included 13 RCTs in the review (12 published; 1 unpublished dissertation), with 577 participants. Eight studies included stand-alone rTMS treatment, four combined rTMS with an evidence-based psychotherapeutic treatment, and one investigated rTMS as an adjunctive to treatment-as-usual. Five studies were conducted in the USA, and some predominantly included white, male veterans. Active rTMS probably makes little to no difference to PTSD severity immediately following treatment (standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.54 to 0.27; 3 studies, 99 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). We downgraded the certainty of evidence by one level for imprecision (sample size insufficient to detect a difference of medium effect size). We deemed one study as having a low risk of bias and the remaining two as having 'some concerns' for risk of bias. A sensitivity analysis of change-from-baseline scores enabled inclusion of a greater number of studies (6 studies, 252 participants). This analysis yielded a similar outcome to our main analysis but also indicated significant heterogeneity in efficacy across studies, including two studies with a high risk of bias. Reported rates of serious adverse events were low, with seven reported (active rTMS: 6; sham rTMS: 1). The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of active rTMS on serious adverse events (odds ratio (OR) 5.26, 95% CI 0.26 to 107.81; 5 studies, 251 participants; very low-certainty evidence [Active rTMS: 23/1000, sham rTMS: 4/1000]). We downgraded the evidence by one level for risk of bias and two levels for imprecision. We rated four of five studies as having a high risk of bias, and the fifth as 'some concerns' for bias. We were unable to assess PTSD remission immediately after treatment as none of the included studies reported this outcome. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on moderate-certainty evidence, our review suggests that active rTMS probably makes little to no difference to PTSD severity immediately following treatment compared to sham stimulation. However, significant heterogeneity in efficacy was detected when we included a larger number of studies in sensitivity analysis. We observed considerable variety in participant and protocol characteristics across studies included in this review. For example, studies tended to be weighted towards inclusion of either male veterans or female civilians. Studies varied greatly in terms of the proportion of the sample with comorbid depression. Study protocols differed in treatment design and stimulation parameters (e.g. session number/duration, treatment course length, stimulation intensity/frequency, location of stimulation). These differences may affect efficacy, particularly when considering interactions with participant factors. Reported rates of serious adverse events were very low (< 1%) across active and sham conditions. It is uncertain whether rTMS increases the risk of serious adverse event occurrence, as our certainty of evidence was very low. Studies frequently lacked clear definitions for serious adverse events, as well as detail on tracking/assessment of data and information on the safety population. Increased reporting on these elements would likely aid the advancement of both research and clinical recommendations of rTMS for PTSD. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to meta-analyze PTSD remission, PTSD treatment response, and PTSD severity at different periods post-treatment. Further research into these outcomes could inform the clinical use of rTMS. Additionally, the relatively large contribution of data from trials that focused on white male veterans may limit the generalizability of our conclusions. This could be addressed by prioritizing recruitment of more diverse participant samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randi Brown
- Clinical Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kirsten Cherian
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Jones
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Robert Wickham
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Rowena Gomez
- Clinical Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gregory Sahlem
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Smith ML, Wade JB, Wolstenholme J, Bajaj JS. Gut microbiome-brain-cirrhosis axis. Hepatology 2024; 80:465-485. [PMID: 36866864 PMCID: PMC10480351 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is characterized by inflammation, degeneration, and fibrosis of liver tissue. Along with being the most common cause of liver failure and liver transplant, cirrhosis is a significant risk factor for several neuropsychiatric conditions. The most common of these is HE, which is characterized by cognitive and ataxic symptoms, resulting from the buildup of metabolic toxins with liver failure. However, cirrhosis patients also show a significantly increased risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, and for mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. In recent years, more attention has been played to communication between the ways the gut and liver communicate with each other and with the central nervous system, and the way these organs influence each other's function. This bidirectional communication has come to be known as the gut-liver-brain axis. The gut microbiome has emerged as a key mechanism affecting gut-liver, gut-brain, and brain-liver communication. Clinical studies and animal models have demonstrated the significant patterns of gut dysbiosis when cirrhosis is present, both with or without concomitant alcohol use disorder, and have provided compelling evidence that this dysbiosis also influences the cognitive and mood-related behaviors. In this review, we have summarized the pathophysiological and cognitive effects associated with cirrhosis, links to cirrhosis-associated disruption of the gut microbiome, and the current evidence from clinical and preclinical studies for the modulation of the gut microbiome as a treatment for cirrhosis and associated neuropsychiatric conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maren L Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - James B Wade
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jennifer Wolstenholme
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Veterans Healthcare System, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu X, Li H, Ma R, Tong X, Wu J, Huang X, So K, Tao Q, Huang L, Lin S, Ren C. Burst firing in Output-Defined Parallel Habenula Circuit Underlies the Antidepressant Effects of Bright Light Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401059. [PMID: 38863324 PMCID: PMC11321664 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Research highlights the significance of increased bursting in lateral habenula (LHb) neurons in depression and as a focal point for bright light treatment (BLT). However, the precise spike patterns of LHb neurons projecting to different brain regions during depression, their roles in depression development, and BLT's therapeutic action remain elusive. Here, LHb neurons are found projecting to the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and median raphe nucleus (MnR) exhibit increased bursting following aversive stimuli exposure, correlating with distinct depressive symptoms. Enhanced bursting in DRN-projecting LHb neurons is pivotal for anhedonia and anxiety, while concurrent bursting in LHb neurons projecting to the DRN, VTA, and MnR is essential for despair. Remarkably, reducing bursting in distinct LHb neuron subpopulations underlies the therapeutic effects of BLT on specific depressive behaviors. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of depression and the antidepressant action of BLT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityKey Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education)Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non‐human Primate ResearchGHM Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityKey Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education)Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non‐human Primate ResearchGHM Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Ruijia Ma
- Physiology DepartmentKey Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Xiaohan Tong
- Physiology DepartmentKey Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Jijin Wu
- Physiology DepartmentKey Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityKey Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education)Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non‐human Primate ResearchGHM Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Kwok‐Fai So
- Department of Neurology and Stroke CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityKey Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education)Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non‐human Primate ResearchGHM Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
- Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation InstituteUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao266113China
| | - Qian Tao
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation InstituteUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao266113China
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityPsychology DepartmentSchool of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityKey Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education)Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non‐human Primate ResearchGHM Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Song Lin
- Physiology DepartmentKey Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Chaoran Ren
- Department of Neurology and Stroke CenterFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityKey Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education)Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non‐human Primate ResearchGHM Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
- Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001China
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation InstituteUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao266113China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Nooij L, Wirz L, Heling E, Pais M, Hendriks GJ, Verkes RJ, Roozendaal B, Hermans EJ. Exogenous glucocorticoids to improve extinction learning for post-traumatic stress disorder patients with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis dysregulation: a study protocol description. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2364441. [PMID: 38973398 PMCID: PMC11232644 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2364441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Trauma-focused treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are effective for many patients. However, relapse may occur when acquired extinction memories fail to generalize beyond treatment contexts. A subgroup of PTSD patients - potentially with substantial exposure to early-life adversity (ELA) - show dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which results in lower cortisol levels. Glucocorticoids, including cortisol, appear to facilitate strength and generalization of emotional memories.Objective: We describe the protocol of an integrated PTSD study. We investigate (A) associations between HPA-axis dysregulation, ELA, epigenetic markers, and PTSD treatment outcome (observational study); and (B) effects of exogenous glucocorticoids on strength and generalization of extinction memories and associated neural mechanisms [pharmacological intervention study with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)]. The objective is to provide proof of concept that PTSD patients with HPA-axis dysregulation often experienced ELA and may show improved strength and generalization of extinction learning after glucocorticoid administration.Method: The observational study (n = 160 PTSD group, n = 30 control group) assesses ELA, follow-up PTSD symptoms, epigenetic markers, and HPA-axis characteristics (salivary cortisol levels during low-dose dexamethasone suppression test and socially evaluated cold-pressor test). The pharmacological intervention study (n = 80 PTSD group, with and without HPA-axis dysregulation) is a placebo-controlled fMRI study with a crossover design. To investigate strength and generalization of extinction memories, we use a differential fear acquisition, extinction, and extinction recall task with spatial contexts within a virtual environment. Prior to extinction learning, 20 mg hydrocortisone or placebo is administered. During next-day recall, strength of the extinction memory is determined by recovery of skin conductance and pupil dilation differential responding, whereas generalization is assessed by comparing responses between different spatial contexts.Conclusion: The integrated study described in the current protocol paper could inform a personalized treatment approach in which these PTSD patients may receive glucocorticoids as a treatment enhancer in trauma-focused therapies.Trial registration: The research project is registered in the European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials (EudraCT) database, https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/, EudraCT number 2020-000712-30.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura de Nooij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Wirz
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Cognitive Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Emma Heling
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana Pais
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Hendriks
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- ‘Overwaal’ Center of Expertise for Anxiety, Obsessive Compulsive and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders, Institution for Integrated Mental Health Care “Pro Persona”, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert-Jan Verkes
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Kairos Forensic Care, Pompestichting, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Benno Roozendaal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erno J. Hermans
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ugursu B, Sah A, Sartori S, Popp O, Mertins P, Dunay IR, Kettenmann H, Singewald N, Wolf SA. Microglial sex differences in innate high anxiety and modulatory effects of minocycline. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:465-481. [PMID: 38552926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia modulate synaptic refinement in the central nervous system (CNS). We have previously shown that a mouse model with innate high anxiety-related behavior (HAB) displays higher CD68+ microglia density in the key regions of anxiety circuits compared to mice with normal anxiety-related behavior (NAB) in males, and that minocycline treatment attenuated the enhanced anxiety of HAB male. Given that a higher prevalence of anxiety is widely reported in females compared to males, little is known concerning sex differences at the cellular level. Herein, we address this by analyzing microglia heterogeneity and function in the HAB and NAB brains of both sexes. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed ten distinct microglia clusters varied by their frequency and gene expression profile. We report striking sex differences, especially in the major microglia clusters of HABs, indicating a higher expression of genes associated with phagocytosis and synaptic engulfment in the female compared to the male. On a functional level, we show that female HAB microglia engulfed a greater amount of hippocampal vGLUT1+ excitatory synapses compared to the male. We moreover show that female HAB microglia engulfed more synaptosomes compared to the male HAB in vitro. Due to previously reported effects of minocycline on microglia, we finally administered oral minocycline to HABs of both sexes and showed a significant reduction in the engulfment of synapses by female HAB microglia. In parallel to our microglia-specific findings, we further showed an anxiolytic effect of minocycline on female HABs, which is complementary to our previous findings in the male HABs. Our study, therefore, identifies the altered function of synaptic engulfment by microglia as a potential avenue to target and resolve microglia heterogeneity in mice with innate high anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Ugursu
- Psychoneuroimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Ophthalmology, ChariteUniversitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Anupam Sah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simone Sartori
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Oliver Popp
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ildiko R Dunay
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Immunomodulation for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Psychoneuroimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Ophthalmology, ChariteUniversitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fujimoto SH, Fujimoto A, Elorette C, Seltzer A, Andraka E, Verma G, Janssen WGM, Fleysher L, Folloni D, Choi KS, Russ BE, Mayberg HS, Rudebeck PH. Deep brain stimulation induces white matter remodeling and functional changes to brain-wide networks. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.13.598710. [PMID: 38915600 PMCID: PMC11195276 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging therapeutic option for treatment resistant neurological and psychiatric disorders, most notably depression. Despite this, little is known about the anatomical and functional mechanisms that underlie this therapy. Here we targeted stimulation to the white matter adjacent to the subcallosal anterior cingulate cortex (SCC-DBS) in macaques, modeling the location in the brain proven effective for depression. We demonstrate that SCC-DBS has a selective effect on white matter macro- and micro-structure in the cingulum bundle distant to where stimulation was delivered. SCC-DBS also decreased functional connectivity between subcallosal and posterior cingulate cortex, two areas linked by the cingulum bundle and implicated in depression. Our data reveal that white matter remodeling as well as functional effects contribute to DBS's therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoka H. Fujimoto
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Lipschultz Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Atsushi Fujimoto
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Lipschultz Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Catherine Elorette
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Lipschultz Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adela Seltzer
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Lipschultz Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emma Andraka
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Lipschultz Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Mount Sinai West Hospital; New York, NY 10019, USA
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - William GM Janssen
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lazar Fleysher
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Davide Folloni
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Lipschultz Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ki Sueng Choi
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Mount Sinai West Hospital; New York, NY 10019, USA
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Brian E. Russ
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute; Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University at Langone; New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Helen S. Mayberg
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Mount Sinai West Hospital; New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Peter H. Rudebeck
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
- Lipschultz Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tsolias A, Zhou Y, Mojica CA, Sakharkar M, Tsolias MZ, Moore TL, Rosene DL, Medalla M. Neuroanatomical Substrates of Circuit-Specific Cholinergic Modulation across the Primate Anterior Cingulate Cortex. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0953232024. [PMID: 38719447 PMCID: PMC11170673 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0953-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine is a robust neuromodulator of the limbic system and a critical regulator of arousal and emotions. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the amygdala (AMY) are key limbic structures that are both densely innervated by cholinergic afferents and interact with each other for emotional regulation. The ACC is composed of functionally distinct dorsal (A24), rostral (A32), and ventral (A25) areas that differ in their connections with the AMY. The structural substrates of cholinergic modulation of distinct ACC microcircuits and outputs to AMY are thought to depend on the laminar and subcellular localization of cholinergic receptors. The present study examines the distribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, m1 and m2, on distinct excitatory and inhibitory neurons and on AMY-targeting projection neurons within ACC areas, via immunohistochemistry and injections of neural tracers into the basolateral AMY in adult rhesus monkeys of both sexes. We found that laminar densities of m1+ and m2+ expressing excitatory and inhibitory neurons depended on area and cell type. Among the ACC areas, ventral subgenual ACC A25 exhibited greater m2+ localization on presynaptic inhibitory axon terminals and greater density of m1+ and m2+ expressing AMY-targeting (tracer+) pyramidal neurons. These patterns suggest robust cholinergic disinhibition and potentiation of amygdalar outputs from the limbic ventral ACC, which may be linked to the hyperexcitability of this subgenual ACC area in depression. These findings reveal the anatomical substrate of diverse cholinergic modulation of specific ACC microcircuits and amygdalar outputs that mediate cognitive-emotional integration and dysfunctions underlying stress and affective disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tsolias
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Chromewell A Mojica
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Mitali Sakharkar
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Marianna Z Tsolias
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Tara L Moore
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Maria Medalla
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Escobedo A, Holloway SA, Votoupal M, Cone AL, Skelton H, Legaria AA, Ndiokho I, Floyd T, Kravitz AV, Bruchas MR, Norris AJ. Glutamatergic supramammillary nucleus neurons respond to threatening stressors and promote active coping. eLife 2024; 12:RP90972. [PMID: 38829200 PMCID: PMC11147510 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Threat-response neural circuits are conserved across species and play roles in normal behavior and psychiatric diseases. Maladaptive changes in these neural circuits contribute to stress, mood, and anxiety disorders. Active coping in response to stressors is a psychosocial factor associated with resilience against stress-induced mood and anxiety disorders. The neural circuitry underlying active coping is poorly understood, but the functioning of these circuits could be key for overcoming anxiety and related disorders. The supramammillary nucleus (SuM) has been suggested to be engaged by threat. SuM has many projections and a poorly understood diversity of neural populations. In studies using mice, we identified a unique population of glutamatergic SuM neurons (SuMVGLUT2+::POA) based on projection to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (POA) and found SuMVGLUT2+::POA neurons have extensive arborizations. SuMVGLUT2+::POA neurons project to brain areas that mediate features of the stress and threat responses including the paraventricular nucleus thalamus (PVT), periaqueductal gray (PAG), and habenula (Hb). Thus, SuMVGLUT2+::POA neurons are positioned as a hub, connecting to areas implicated in regulating stress responses. Here we report SuMVGLUT2+::POA neurons are recruited by diverse threatening stressors, and recruitment correlated with active coping behaviors. We found that selective photoactivation of the SuMVGLUT2+::POA population drove aversion but not anxiety like behaviors. Activation of SuMVGLUT2+::POA neurons in the absence of acute stressors evoked active coping like behaviors and drove instrumental behavior. Also, activation of SuMVGLUT2+::POA neurons was sufficient to convert passive coping strategies to active behaviors during acute stress. In contrast, we found activation of GABAergic (VGAT+) SuM neurons (SuMVGAT+) neurons did not alter drive aversion or active coping, but termination of photostimulation was followed by increased mobility in the forced swim test. These findings establish a new node in stress response circuitry that has projections to many brain areas and evokes flexible active coping behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Escobedo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Salli-Ann Holloway
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Megan Votoupal
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoUnited States
| | - Aaron L Cone
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Hannah Skelton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Alex A Legaria
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Imeh Ndiokho
- Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeUnited States
| | - Tasheia Floyd
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Alexxai V Kravitz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Center for Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Pharmacology University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Bioengineering University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Aaron J Norris
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. LouisSt. LouisUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Austelle CW, Seery E. Psychodynamically Informed Brain Stimulation: Building a Bridge from Brain to Mind. Am J Psychoanal 2024; 84:285-310. [PMID: 38871924 DOI: 10.1057/s11231-024-09444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Since its inception, psychiatry has undergone several periods of radical identity transformation. Initially limited to psychotherapy alone, the advent of medications stimulated an era of biological psychiatry. For years, medications served as the mainstay of biological treatments, paralleled by a rise in treatment resistance. Brain stimulation therapies are psychiatry's newest arm of intervention and represent an area ripe for exploration. These techniques offer new hope to treatment-resistant patients, but in a manner often dissociated from psychoanalytic conceptualization and the practice of psychotherapy. There is growing interest in bridging this divide. In this article, we continue the efforts at interweaving what may seem to be disparate approaches through the topic of treatment resistance. This article aims to engage interventional psychiatrists in considering psychosocial dimensions of their treatments and to provide education for psychoanalytic clinicians on the history, mechanism of action, and applications of brain stimulation technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Austelle
- MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Erin Seery
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Varela RB, Boschen SL, Yates N, Houghton T, Blaha CD, Lee KH, Bennet KE, Kouzani AZ, Berk M, Quevedo J, Valvassori SS, Tye SJ. Anti-manic effect of deep brain stimulation of the ventral tegmental area in an animal model of mania induced by methamphetamine. Bipolar Disord 2024; 26:376-387. [PMID: 38558302 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of refractory bipolar disorder (BD) is extremely challenging. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) holds promise as an effective treatment intervention. However, we still understand very little about the mechanisms of DBS and its application on BD. AIM The present study aimed to investigate the behavioural and neurochemical effects of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DBS in an animal model of mania induced by methamphetamine (m-amph). METHODS Wistar rats were given 14 days of m-amph injections, and on the last day, animals were submitted to 20 min of VTA DBS in two different patterns: intermittent low-frequency stimulation (LFS) or continuous high-frequency stimulation (HFS). Immediately after DBS, manic-like behaviour and nucleus accumbens (NAc) phasic dopamine (DA) release were evaluated in different groups of animals through open-field tests and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. Levels of NAc dopaminergic markers were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS M-amph induced hyperlocomotion in the animals and both DBS parameters reversed this alteration. M-amph increased DA reuptake time post-sham compared to baseline levels, and both LFS and HFS were able to block this alteration. LFS was also able to reduce phasic DA release when compared to baseline. LFS was able to increase dopamine transporter (DAT) expression in the NAc. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that both VTA LFS and HFS DBS exert anti-manic effects and modulation of DA dynamics in the NAc. More specifically the increase in DA reuptake driven by increased DAT expression may serve as a potential mechanism by which VTA DBS exerts its anti-manic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger B Varela
- Functional Neuromodulation and Novel Therapeutics Laboratory, Asia Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Suelen L Boschen
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Neural Engineering Laboratories, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Applied Computational Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathanael Yates
- Functional Neuromodulation and Novel Therapeutics Laboratory, Asia Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tristan Houghton
- Functional Neuromodulation and Novel Therapeutics Laboratory, Asia Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Charles D Blaha
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Neural Engineering Laboratories, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kendall H Lee
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Neural Engineering Laboratories, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin E Bennet
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Neural Engineering Laboratories, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Abbas Z Kouzani
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, IMPACT-The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - João Quevedo
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Interventional Psychiatry, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Susannah J Tye
- Functional Neuromodulation and Novel Therapeutics Laboratory, Asia Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang L, Liu X, Cheng Y, Qin R, Yang D, Mo Y, Ke Z, Hu Z, Mao C, Chen Y, Li J, Xu Y. Lower cerebrovascular reactivity in prefrontal cortex and weaker negative functional connectivity between prefrontal cortex and insula contribute to white matter hyperintensity-related anxiety or depression. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:526-535. [PMID: 38513774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with higher anxiety or depression (A/D) incidence. We investigated associations of WMHs with A/D, cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), and functional connectivity (FC) to identify potential pathomechanisms. METHODS Participants with WMH (n = 239) and normal controls (NCs, n = 327) were assessed for A/D using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). The CVR and FC maps were constructed from resting-state functional MRI. Two-way analysis of covariance with fixed factors A/D and WMH was performed to identify regional CVR abnormalities. Seed-based FC analyses were then conducted on regions with WMH × A/D interaction effects on CVR. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the utility of these measurements for identifying WMH-related A/D. RESULTS Participants with WMH related A/D exhibited significantly greater CVR in left insula and lower CVR in right superior frontal gyrus (SFG.R), and HAMA scores were negatively correlated with CVR in SFG.R (r = -0.156, P = 0.016). Insula-SFG.R negative FC was significantly weaker in WMH patients with suspected or definite A/D. A model including CVR plus FC changes identified WMH-associated A/D with highest sensitivity and specificity. In contrast, NCs with A/D exhibited greater CVR in prefrontal cortex and stronger FC within the default mode network (DMN) and between the DMN and executive control network. LIMITATIONS This cross-sectional study requires validation by longitudinal and laboratory studies. CONCLUSIONS Impaired CVR in SFG.R and weaker negative FC between prefrontal cortex and insula may contribute to WMH-related A/D, providing potential diagnostic imaging markers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094 Xuanwu District, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ruomeng Qin
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuting Mo
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhihong Ke
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zheqi Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chenglu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hinchcliffe JK, Robinson ESJ. The Affective Bias Test and Reward Learning Assay: Neuropsychological Models for Depression Research and Investigating Antidepressant Treatments in Rodents. Curr Protoc 2024; 4:e1057. [PMID: 38923877 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The Affective Bias Test (ABT) quantifies acute changes in affective state based on the affective biases they generate in an associative reward learning task. The Reward Learning Assay (RLA) provides a control assay for the ABT and reward-induced biases generated in this model are sensitive to changes in core affective state. Both tasks involve training animals to associate a specific digging substrate with a food reward. Animals learn to discriminate between two digging substrates placed in ceramic bowls, one rewarded and one unrewarded. In the ABT, the animal learns two independent substrate-reward associations with a fixed reward value following either an affective state or drug manipulation, or under control conditions. Affective biases generated are quantified in a choice test where the animals exhibit a bias (make more choices) for one of the substrates which is specifically related to affective state at the time of learning. The ABT is used to investigate biases generated during learning as well as modulation of biases associated with past experiences. The RLA follows a similar protocol, but the animal remains in the same affective state throughout and a reward-induced bias is generated by pairing one substrate with a higher value reward. The RLA provides a control to determine if drug treatments affect memory retrieval more generally. Studies in depression models and following environmental enrichment suggest that reward-induced biases are sensitive to core changes in affective state. Each task offers different insights into affective processing mechanisms and may help improve the translational validity of animal studies and benefit pre-clinical drug development. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Bowl digging and discrimination training Basic Protocol 2: The reward learning assay Basic Protocol 3: The affective bias test - new learning Basic Protocol 4: The affective bias test - modulation of affective biases associated with past experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna K Hinchcliffe
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Emma S J Robinson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen H, Chen J, Lan J. Acute manipulation of Drd1 neurons in the prefrontal cortex bidirectionally regulates anxiety and depression-like behaviors. Neurosci Lett 2024; 832:137805. [PMID: 38705453 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated in modulating anxiety and depression. Manipulation of Drd1 neurons in the mPFC resulted in variable neuronal activity and, consequently, strikingly different behaviors. The acute regulation of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors by Drd1 neurons, a major neuronal subtype in the mPFC, has not yet been investigated. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate whether acute manipulation of Drd1 neurons in the mPFC affects anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. STUDY DESIGN Male Drd1-Cre mice were injected with an adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing hM3DGq or hM4DGi. Clozapine-n-oxide (CNO, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected 30 min before the behavioral tests. METHODS Male Drd1-Cre mice were injected with AAV-Ef1α-DIO-hM4DGi-mCherry-WPRE-pA, AAV-Ef1α-DIO-hM3DGq-mCherry-WPRE-pA or AAV-Ef1α-DIO-mCherry-WPRE-pA. Three weeks later, whole-cell recordings after CNO (5 μM) were applied to the bath were used to validate the functional expression of hM4DGi and hM3DGq. Four groups of mice underwent all the behavioral tests, and after each of the tests, the mice were allowed to rest for 3-4 days. CNO (1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before the behavior test. Anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated by the open field test (OFT), the elevated plus maze test (EPMT), and the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT). Depression-like behaviors were evaluated by the sucrose preference test (SPT) and force swimming test (FST). For all experiments, coronal sections of the targeted brain area were used to confirm virus expression. RESULTS Whole-cell recordings from brain slices demonstrated that infusions of CNO (5 µM) into mPFC slices dramatically increased the firing activity of hM3DGq-mCherry+ neurons and abolished the firing activity of hM4DGi-mCherry+ neurons. Acute chemogenetic activation of Drd1 neurons in the mPFC increased the time spent in the central area in the OFT, increased the time spent in the open arms in the EMPT, decreased the latency to bite the food in the NSFT, increased the sucrose preference in the SPT, and decreased the immobility time in the FST. Acute chemogenetic inhibition of Drd1 neurons in the mPFC decreased the time spent in the central area in the OFT, decreased the time spent in the open arms in the EMPT, increased the latency to bite the food in the NSFT, decreased the sucrose preference in the SPT, and increased the immobility time in the FST. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that acute activation of Drd1 neurons in the mPFC produced rapid anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects, and acute inhibition had the opposite effect, revealing that Drd1 neurons in the mPFC bidirectionally regulate anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings of the present study regarding the acute effects of stimulating Drd1 neurons in the mPFC on anxiety and depression suggest that Drd1 neurons in the mPFC are a focus for the treatment of anxiety disorders and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanning First People's Hospital, Nanning 530000, China; Phase I Clinical Trial Laboratory, Nanning First People's Hospital, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Jie Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanning First People's Hospital, Nanning 530000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chivu A, Pascal SA, Damborská A, Tomescu MI. EEG Microstates in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: A Meta-analysis. Brain Topogr 2024; 37:357-368. [PMID: 37615799 PMCID: PMC11026263 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-00999-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the psycho-social burden increasing attention has focused on brain abnormalities in the most prevalent and highly co-occurring neuropsychiatric disorders, such as mood and anxiety. However, high inter-study variability in these patients results in inconsistent and contradictory alterations in the fast temporal dynamics of large-scale networks as measured by EEG microstates. Thus, in this meta-analysis, we aim to investigate the consistency of these changes to better understand possible common neuro-dynamical mechanisms of these disorders.In the systematic search, twelve studies investigating EEG microstate changes in participants with mood and anxiety disorders and individuals with subclinical depression were included in this meta-analysis, adding up to 787 participants.The results suggest that EEG microstates consistently discriminate mood and anxiety impairments from the general population in patients and subclinical states. Specifically, we found a small significant effect size for B microstates in patients compared to healthy controls, with larger effect sizes for increased B presence in unmedicated patients with comorbidity. In a subgroup meta-analysis of ten mood disorder studies, microstate D showed a significant effect size for decreased presence. When investigating only the two anxiety disorder studies, we found a significantly small effect size for the increased microstate A and a medium effect size for decreased microstate E (one study). However, more studies are needed to elucidate whether these findings are diagnostic-specific markers.Results are discussed in relation to the functional meaning of microstates and possible contribution to an explanatory mechanism of overlapping symptomatology of mood and anxiety disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Chivu
- CINETic Center, National University of Theatre and Film "I.L. Caragiale" Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Applied Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona A Pascal
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Applied Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alena Damborská
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Multimodal and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miralena I Tomescu
- CINETic Center, National University of Theatre and Film "I.L. Caragiale" Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, University "Stefan cel Mare" of Suceava, Suceava, Romania.
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fennema D, Barker GJ, O’Daly O, Duan S, Carr E, Goldsmith K, Young AH, Moll J, Zahn R. The Role of Subgenual Resting-State Connectivity Networks in Predicting Prognosis in Major Depressive Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:100308. [PMID: 38645404 PMCID: PMC11033067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A seminal study found higher subgenual frontal cortex resting-state connectivity with 2 left ventral frontal regions and the dorsal midbrain to predict better response to psychotherapy versus medication in individuals with treatment-naïve major depressive disorder (MDD). Here, we examined whether these subgenual networks also play a role in the pathophysiology of clinical outcomes in MDD with early treatment resistance in primary care. Methods Forty-five people with current MDD who had not responded to ≥2 serotonergic antidepressants (n = 43, meeting predefined functional magnetic resonance imaging minimum quality thresholds) were enrolled and followed over 4 months of standard care. Functional magnetic resonance imaging resting-state connectivity between the preregistered subgenual frontal cortex seed and 3 previously identified left ventromedial, ventrolateral prefrontal/insula, and dorsal midbrain regions was extracted. The clinical outcome was the percentage change on the self-reported 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. Results We observed a reversal of our preregistered hypothesis in that higher resting-state connectivity between the subgenual cortex and the a priori ventrolateral prefrontal/insula region predicted favorable rather than unfavorable clinical outcomes (rs39 = -0.43, p = .006). This generalized to the sample including participants with suboptimal functional magnetic resonance imaging quality (rs43 = -0.35, p = .02). In contrast, no effects (rs39 = 0.12, rs39 = -0.01) were found for connectivity with the other 2 preregistered regions or in a whole-brain analysis (voxel-based familywise error-corrected p < .05). Conclusions Subgenual connectivity with the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex/insula is relevant for subsequent clinical outcomes in current MDD with early treatment resistance. Its positive association with favorable outcomes could be explained primarily by psychosocial rather than the expected pharmacological changes during the follow-up period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diede Fennema
- Centre of Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Affective Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth J. Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Owen O’Daly
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suqian Duan
- Centre of Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Affective Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan Carr
- Department of Biostatics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Allan H. Young
- Centre of Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Affective Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Service for Affective Disorders, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Moll
- Cognitive and Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roland Zahn
- Centre of Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Affective Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Cognitive and Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Service for Affective Disorders, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Aggarwal N, Tromp DP, Blackford JU, Pine DS, Roseboom PH, Williams LE, Kalin NH. Sex-Specific Distributed White Matter Microarchitectural Alterations in Preadolescent Youths With Anxiety Disorders: A Mega-Analytic Study. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:299-309. [PMID: 38476042 PMCID: PMC11129321 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20221048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric disorders in youths and emerge during childhood. This is also a period of rapid white matter (WM) development, which is critical for efficient neuronal communication. Previous work in preadolescent children with anxiety disorders demonstrated anxiety disorder-related reductions in WM microstructural integrity (fractional anisotropy [FA]) in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), the major WM tract facilitating prefrontal cortical-limbic structural connectivity. Importantly, this association was found only in boys with anxiety disorders. To confirm this finding and more comprehensively understand WM changes in childhood anxiety, this mega-analytic study characterizes WM alterations related to anxiety disorders and sex in the largest sample of preadolescent children to date. METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging data from published studies of preadolescent children with anxiety disorders and healthy volunteers (ages 8-12) (N=198) were combined with a new data set (N=97) for a total sample of 165 children with anxiety disorders and 132 healthy volunteers. Children with anxiety disorders met DSM-5 criteria for current generalized, separation, and/or social anxiety disorder. Analyses of tractography and voxel-wise data assessed between-group differences (anxiety disorder vs. healthy volunteer), effects of sex, and their interaction. RESULTS Tract-based and voxel-wise analyses confirmed a significant reduction in UF FA in boys but not girls with anxiety disorders. Results also demonstrated other significant widespread anxiety disorder-related WM alterations specifically in boys, including in multiple commissural, association, projection, and brainstem regions. CONCLUSIONS In addition to confirming male-specific anxiety disorder-related reductions in UF FA, the results demonstrate that anxiety disorders in boys and not girls are associated with broadly distributed WM alterations across the brain. These findings support further studies focused on understanding the extent to which WM alterations in boys with anxiety disorders are involved in pathophysiological processes that mediate anxiety disorders. The findings also suggest the possibility that WM microarchitecture could serve as a novel treatment target for childhood anxiety disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nakul Aggarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Do P.M. Tromp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Jennifer U. Blackford
- Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- Section on Developmental and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Patrick H. Roseboom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Lisa E. Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| | - Ned H. Kalin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bremshey S, Groß J, Renken K, Masseck OA. The role of serotonin in depression-A historical roundup and future directions. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38477031 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide, affecting approximately 280 million people, with probably much higher unrecorded cases. Depression is associated with symptoms such as anhedonia, feelings of hopelessness, sleep disturbances, and even suicidal thoughts. Tragically, more than 700 000 people commit suicide each year. Although depression has been studied for many decades, the exact mechanisms that lead to depression are still unknown, and available treatments only help a fraction of patients. In the late 1960s, the serotonin hypothesis was published, suggesting that serotonin is the key player in depressive disorders. However, this hypothesis is being increasingly doubted as there is evidence for the influence of other neurotransmitters, such as noradrenaline, glutamate, and dopamine, as well as larger systemic causes such as altered activity in the limbic network or inflammatory processes. In this narrative review, we aim to contribute to the ongoing debate on the involvement of serotonin in depression. We will review the evolution of antidepressant treatments, systemic research on depression over the years, and future research applications that will help to bridge the gap between systemic research and neurotransmitter dynamics using biosensors. These new tools in combination with systemic applications, will in the future provide a deeper understanding of the serotonergic dynamics in depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Bremshey
- Synthetic Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Neuropharmacology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Juliana Groß
- Synthetic Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kim Renken
- Synthetic Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Han Y, Yan H, Shan X, Li H, Liu F, Li P, Zhao J, Guo W. Shared and distinctive neural substrates of generalized anxiety disorder with or without depressive symptoms and their roles in prognostic prediction. J Affect Disord 2024; 348:207-217. [PMID: 38160885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) with or without depressive symptoms are obscure. This study aimed to uncover them and assess their predictive value for treatment response. METHODS We enrolled 98 GAD patients [58 (age: 33.22 ± 10.23 years old, males/females: 25/33) with and 40 (age: 33.65 ± 10.49 years old, males/females: 14/26) without depressive symptoms] and 54 healthy controls (HCs, age: 32.28 ± 10.56 years old, males/females: 21/33). Patients underwent clinical assessments and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) at baseline and after 4-week treatment with paroxetine, while HCs underwent rs-fMRI at baseline only. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was employed to measure intrinsic brain activity. We compared ReHo in patients to HCs and examined changes in ReHo within the patient groups after treatment. Support vector regression (SVR) analyses were conducted separately for each patient group to predict the patients' treatment response. RESULTS Both patient groups exhibited higher ReHo in the middle/superior frontal gyrus decreased ReHo in different brain regions compared to HCs. Furthermore, differences in ReHo were detected between the two patient groups. After treatment, the patient groups displayed distinct ReHo change patterns. By utilizing SVR based on baseline abnormal ReHo, we effectively predicted treatment response of patients (p-value for correlation < 0.05). LIMITATIONS The dropout rate was relatively high. CONCLUSIONS This study identified shared and unique neural substrates in GAD patients with or without depressive symptoms, potentially serving as biomarkers for treatment response prediction. Comorbid depressive symptoms were associated with differences in disease manifestation and treatment response compared to pure GAD cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Han
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Haohao Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Valentim WL, Tylee DS, Polimanti R. A perspective on translating genomic discoveries into targets for brain-machine interface and deep brain stimulation devices. WIREs Mech Dis 2024; 16:e1635. [PMID: 38059513 PMCID: PMC11163995 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Mental illnesses have a huge impact on individuals, families, and society, so there is a growing need for more efficient treatments. In this context, brain-computer interface (BCI) technology has the potential to revolutionize the options for neuropsychiatric therapies. However, the development of BCI-based therapies faces enormous challenges, such as power dissipation constraints, lack of credible feedback mechanisms, uncertainty of which brain areas and frequencies to target, and even which patients to treat. Some of these setbacks are due to the large gap in our understanding of brain function. In recent years, large-scale genomic analyses uncovered an unprecedented amount of information regarding the biology of the altered brain function observed across the psychopathology spectrum. We believe findings from genetic studies can be useful to refine BCI technology to develop novel treatment options for mental illnesses. Here, we assess the latest advancements in both fields, the possibilities that can be generated from their intersection, and the challenges that these research areas will need to address to ensure that translational efforts can lead to effective and reliable interventions. Specifically, starting from highlighting the overlap between mechanisms uncovered by large-scale genetic studies and the current targets of deep brain stimulation treatments, we describe the steps that could help to translate genomic discoveries into BCI targets. Because these two research areas have not been previously presented together, the present article can provide a novel perspective for scientists with different research backgrounds. This article is categorized under: Neurological Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Neurological Diseases > Biomedical Engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wander L. Valentim
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Daniel S. Tylee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Asim M, Wang H, Chen X, He J. Potentiated GABAergic neuronal activities in the basolateral amygdala alleviate stress-induced depressive behaviors. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14422. [PMID: 37715582 PMCID: PMC10915993 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Major depressive disorder is a severe psychiatric disorder that afflicts ~17% of the world population. Neuroimaging investigations of depressed patients have consistently reported the dysfunction of the basolateral amygdala in the pathophysiology of depression. However, how the BLA and related circuits are implicated in the pathogenesis of depression is poorly understood. METHODS Here, we combined fiber photometry, immediate early gene expression (c-fos), optogenetics, chemogenetics, behavioral analysis, and viral tracing techniques to provide multiple lines of evidence of how the BLA neurons mediate depressive-like behavior. RESULTS We demonstrated that the aversive stimuli elevated the neuronal activity of the excitatory BLA neurons (BLACAMKII neurons). Optogenetic activation of CAMKII neurons facilitates the induction of depressive-like behavior while inhibition of these neurons alleviates the depressive-like behavior. Next, we found that the chemogenetic inhibition of GABAergic neurons in the BLA (BLAGABA ) increased the firing frequency of CAMKII neurons and mediates the depressive-like phenotypes. Finally, through fiber photometry recording and chemogenetic manipulation, we proved that the activation of BLAGABA neurons inhibits BLACAMKII neuronal activity and alleviates depressive-like behavior in the mice. CONCLUSION Thus, through evaluating BLAGABA and BLACAMKII neurons by distinct interaction, the BLA regulates depressive-like behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Department of NeuroscienceCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical ScienceCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongPeople's Republic of China
| | - Huajie Wang
- Department of NeuroscienceCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical ScienceCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of NeuroscienceCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongPeople's Republic of China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jufang He
- Department of NeuroscienceCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongPeople's Republic of China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu H, Wang W, Li Y. The interplay between microbiota and brain-gut axis in epilepsy treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1276551. [PMID: 38344171 PMCID: PMC10853364 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1276551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain-gut axis plays a vital role in connecting the cognitive and emotional centers of the brain with the intricate workings of the intestines. An imbalance in the microbiota-mediated brain-gut axis extends far beyond conditions like Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and obesity, playing a critical role in the development and progression of various neurological disorders, including epilepsy, depression, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Epilepsy, a brain disorder characterized by unprovoked seizures, affects approximately 50 million people worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that rebuilding the gut microbiota through interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, and ketogenic diets (KD) can benefit drug-resistant epilepsy. The disturbances in the gut microbiota could contribute to the toxic side effects of antiepileptic drugs and the development of drug resistance in epilepsy patients. These findings imply the potential impact of the gut microbiota on epilepsy and suggest that interventions targeting the microbiota, such as the KD, hold promise for managing and treating epilepsy. However, the full extent of the importance of microbiota in epilepsy treatment is not yet fully understood, and many aspects of this field remain unclear. Therefore, this article aims to provide an overview of the clinical and animal evidence supporting the regulatory role of gut microbiota in epilepsy, and of potential pathways within the brain-gut axis that may be influenced by the gut microbiota in epilepsy. Furthermore, we will discuss the recent advancements in epilepsy treatment, including the KD, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antiseizure drugs, all from the perspective of the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Neurobiology Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China
- Clinical Medical School, Dali University, Dali, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Battaglia S, Di Fazio C, Mazzà M, Tamietto M, Avenanti A. Targeting Human Glucocorticoid Receptors in Fear Learning: A Multiscale Integrated Approach to Study Functional Connectivity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:864. [PMID: 38255937 PMCID: PMC10815285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fear extinction is a phenomenon that involves a gradual reduction in conditioned fear responses through repeated exposure to fear-inducing cues. Functional brain connectivity assessments, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), provide valuable insights into how brain regions communicate during these processes. Stress, a ubiquitous aspect of life, influences fear learning and extinction by changing the activity of the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus, leading to enhanced fear responses and/or impaired extinction. Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) are key to the stress response and show a dual function in fear regulation: while they enhance the consolidation of fear memories, they also facilitate extinction. Accordingly, GR dysregulation is associated with anxiety and mood disorders. Recent advancements in cognitive neuroscience underscore the need for a comprehensive understanding that integrates perspectives from the molecular, cellular, and systems levels. In particular, neuropharmacology provides valuable insights into neurotransmitter and receptor systems, aiding the investigation of mechanisms underlying fear regulation and potential therapeutic targets. A notable player in this context is cortisol, a key stress hormone, which significantly influences both fear memory reconsolidation and extinction processes. Gaining a thorough understanding of these intricate interactions has implications in terms of addressing psychiatric disorders related to stress. This review sheds light on the complex interactions between cognitive processes, emotions, and their neural bases. In this endeavor, our aim is to reshape the comprehension of fear, stress, and their implications for emotional well-being, ultimately aiding in the development of therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Battaglia
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Fazio
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Mazzà
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Marco Tamietto
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Avenanti
- Center for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, Cesena Campus, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Neuropsicology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center (CINPSI Neurocog), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tang Y, Du J, Wu H, Wang M, Liu S, Tao F. Potential Therapeutic Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Chronic Pain. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:191-203. [PMID: 36173071 PMCID: PMC10788890 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220927092016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal homeostasis maintained by the gut microbiome and relevant metabolites is essential for health, and its disturbance leads to various intestinal or extraintestinal diseases. Recent studies suggest that gut microbiome-derived metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are involved in different neurological disorders (such as chronic pain). SCFAs are produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers in the gut and contribute to multiple host processes, including gastrointestinal regulation, cardiovascular modulation, and neuroendocrine-immune homeostasis. Although SCFAs have been implicated in the modulation of chronic pain, the detailed mechanisms that underlie such roles of SCFAs remain to be further investigated. In this review, we summarize currently available research data regarding SCFAs as a potential therapeutic target for chronic pain treatment and discuss several possible mechanisms by which SCFAs modulate chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Neurology of Xinxiang, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Juan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Hongfeng Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kim J, He MJ, Widmann AK, Lee FS. The role of neurotrophic factors in novel, rapid psychiatric treatments. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:227-245. [PMID: 37673965 PMCID: PMC10700398 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01717-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors are a family of growth factors that modulate cellular growth, survival, and differentiation. For many decades, it has been generally believed that a lack of neurotrophic support led to the decreased neuronal synaptic plasticity, death, and loss of non-neuronal supportive cells seen in neuropsychiatric disorders. Traditional psychiatric medications that lead to immediate increases in neurotransmitter levels at the synapse have been shown also to elevate synaptic neurotrophic levels over weeks, correlating with the time course of the therapeutic effects of these drugs. Recent advances in psychiatric treatments, such as ketamine and psychedelics, have shown a much faster onset of therapeutic effects (within minutes to hours). They have also been shown to lead to a rapid release of neurotrophins into the synapse. This has spurred a significant shift in understanding the role of neurotrophins and how the receptor tyrosine kinases that bind neurotrophins may work in concert with other signaling systems. In this review, this renewed understanding of synaptic receptor signaling interactions and the clinical implications of this mechanistic insight will be discussed within the larger context of the well-established roles of neurotrophic factors in psychiatric disorders and treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michelle J He
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Alina K Widmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Francis S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Downar J, Siddiqi SH, Mitra A, Williams N, Liston C. Mechanisms of Action of TMS in the Treatment of Depression. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024; 66:233-277. [PMID: 38844713 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is entering increasingly widespread use in treating depression. The most common stimulation target, in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), emerged from early neuroimaging studies in depression. Recently, more rigorous casual methods have revealed whole-brain target networks and anti-networks based on the effects of focal brain lesions and focal brain stimulation on depression symptoms. Symptom improvement during therapeutic DLPFC-TMS appears to involve directional changes in signaling between the DLPFC, subgenual and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and salience-network regions. However, different networks may be involved in the therapeutic mechanisms for other TMS targets in depression, such as dorsomedial prefrontal cortex or orbitofrontal cortex. The durability of therapeutic effects for TMS involves synaptic neuroplasticity, and specifically may depend upon dopamine acting at the D1 receptor family, as well as NMDA-receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity mechanisms. Although TMS protocols are classically considered 'excitatory' or 'inhibitory', the actual effects in individuals appear quite variable, and might be better understood at the level of populations of synapses rather than individual synapses. Synaptic meta-plasticity may provide a built-in protective mechanism to avoid runaway facilitation or inhibition during treatment, and may account for the relatively small number of patients who worsen rather than improve with TMS. From an ethological perspective, the antidepressant effects of TMS may involve promoting a whole-brain attractor state associated with foraging/hunting behaviors, centered on the rostrolateral periaqueductal gray and salience network, and suppressing an attractor state associated with passive threat defense, centered on the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray and default-mode network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Downar
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Shan H Siddiqi
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anish Mitra
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nolan Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhu E, Mathew D, Jee HJ, Sun M, Liu W, Zhang Q, Wang J. AMPAkines have site-specific analgesic effects in the cortex. Mol Pain 2024; 20:17448069231214677. [PMID: 37921508 PMCID: PMC10860473 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231214677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Different brain areas have distinct roles in the processing and regulation of pain and thus may form specific pharmacological targets. Prior research has shown that AMPAkines, a class of drugs that increase glutamate signaling, can enhance descending inhibition from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens. On the other hand, activation of neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is known to produce the aversive component of pain. The impact of AMPAkines on ACC, however, is not known. We found that direct delivery of CX516, a well-known AMPAkine, into the ACC had no effect on the aversive response to pain in rats. Furthermore, AMPAkines did not modulate the nociceptive response of ACC neurons. In contrast, AMPAkine delivery into the prelimbic region of the prefrontal cortex (PL) reduced pain aversion. These results indicate that the analgesic effects of AMPAkines in the cortex are likely mediated by the PFC but not the ACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Interdisciplinary Pain Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dave Mathew
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyun Jung Jee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Interdisciplinary Pain Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weizhuo Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qiaosheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Interdisciplinary Pain Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Interdisciplinary Pain Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Krystal JH, Kaye AP, Jefferson S, Girgenti MJ, Wilkinson ST, Sanacora G, Esterlis I. Ketamine and the neurobiology of depression: Toward next-generation rapid-acting antidepressant treatments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305772120. [PMID: 38011560 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305772120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketamine has emerged as a transformative and mechanistically novel pharmacotherapy for depression. Its rapid onset of action, efficacy for treatment-resistant symptoms, and protection against relapse distinguish it from prior antidepressants. Its discovery emerged from a reconceptualization of the neurobiology of depression and, in turn, insights from the elaboration of its mechanisms of action inform studies of the pathophysiology of depression and related disorders. It has been 25 y since we first presented our ketamine findings in depression. Thus, it is timely for this review to consider what we have learned from studies of ketamine and to suggest future directions for the optimization of rapid-acting antidepressant treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Services, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT 06510
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Alfred P Kaye
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Sarah Jefferson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Matthew J Girgenti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Samuel T Wilkinson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Services, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Gerard Sanacora
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Services, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Irina Esterlis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chang SH, Chang YM, Chen HY, Shaw FZ, Shyu BC. Time-course analysis of frontal gene expression profiles in the rat model of posttraumatic stress disorder and a comparison with the conditioned fear model. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 27:100569. [PMID: 37771408 PMCID: PMC10522909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex disorder that involves physiological, emotional, and cognitive dysregulation that may occur after exposure to a life-threatening event. In contrast with the condition of learned fear with resilience to extinction, abnormal fear with impaired fear extinction and exaggeration are considered crucial factors for the pathological development of PTSD. The prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is considered a critical region of top-down control in fear regulation, which involves the modulation of fear expression and extinction. The pathological course of PTSD is usually chronic and persistent; a number of studies have indicated temporal progression in gene expression and phenotypes may be involved in PTSD pathology. In the current study, we use a well-established modified single-prolonged stress (SPS&FS) rat model to feature PTSD-like phenotypes and compared it with a footshock fear conditioning model (FS model); we collected the frontal tissue after extreme stress exposure or fear conditioning and extracted RNA for transcriptome-level gene sequencing. We compared the genetic profiling of the mPFC at early (<2 h after solely FS or SPS&FS exposure) and late (7 days after solely FS or SPS&FS exposure) stages in these two models. First, we identified temporal differences in the expressional patterns between these two models and found pathways such as protein synthesis factor eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2), transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated oxidative stress response, and acute phase responding signaling enriched in the early stage in both models with significant p-values. Furthermore, in the late stage, the sirtuin signaling pathway was enriched in both models; other pathways such as STAT3, cAMP, lipid metabolism, Gα signaling, and increased fear were especially enriched in the late stage of the SPS&FS model. However, pathways such as VDR/RXR, GP6, and PPAR signaling were activated significantly in the FS model's late stage. Last, the network analysis revealed the temporal dynamics of psychological disorder, the endocrine system, and also genes related to increased fear in the two models. This study could help elucidate the genetic temporal alteration and stage-specific pathways in these two models, as well as a better understanding of the transcriptome-level differences between them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Han Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Inflammation Core Facility, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ming Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Yuan Chen
- Inflammation Core Facility, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Zen Shaw
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Chuang Shyu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yadav H, Jaldhi, Bhardwaj R, Anamika, Bakshi A, Gupta S, Maurya SK. Unveiling the role of gut-brain axis in regulating neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive review. Life Sci 2023; 330:122022. [PMID: 37579835 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence have shown the importance of gut microbiota in regulating brain functions. The diverse molecular mechanisms involved in cross-talk between gut and brain provide insight into importance of this communication in maintenance of brain homeostasis. It has also been observed that disturbed gut microbiota contributes to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and aging. Recently, gut microbiome-derived exosomes have also been reported to play an essential role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and could thereby act as a therapeutic target. Further, pharmacological interventions including antibiotics, prebiotics and probiotics can influence gut microbiome-mediated management of neurological diseases. However, extensive research is warranted to better comprehend this interconnection in maintenance of brain homeostasis and its implication in neurological diseases. Thus, the present review is aimed to provide a detailed understanding of gut-brain axis followed by possibilities to target the gut microbiome for improving neurological health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Yadav
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jaldhi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rati Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technical University, Delhi, India
| | - Anamika
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Amrita Bakshi
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Suchi Gupta
- Tech Cell Innovations Private Limited, Centre for Medical Innovation and Entrepreneurship (CMIE), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashank Kumar Maurya
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liang J, Liu B, Dong X, Wang Y, Cai W, Zhang N, Zhang H. Decoding the role of gut microbiota in Alzheimer's pathogenesis and envisioning future therapeutic avenues. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1242254. [PMID: 37790586 PMCID: PMC10544353 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1242254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) emerges as a perturbing neurodegenerative malady, with a profound comprehension of its underlying pathogenic mechanisms continuing to evade our intellectual grasp. Within the intricate tapestry of human health and affliction, the enteric microbial consortium, ensconced within the milieu of the human gastrointestinal tract, assumes a role of cardinal significance. Recent epochs have borne witness to investigations that posit marked divergences in the composition of the gut microbiota between individuals grappling with AD and those favored by robust health. The composite vicissitudes in the configuration of the enteric microbial assembly are posited to choreograph a participatory role in the inception and progression of AD, facilitated by the intricate conduit acknowledged as the gut-brain axis. Notwithstanding, the precise nature of this interlaced relationship remains enshrouded within the recesses of obscurity, poised for an exhaustive revelation. This review embarks upon the endeavor to focalize meticulously upon the mechanistic sway exerted by the enteric microbiota upon AD, plunging profoundly into the execution of interventions that govern the milieu of enteric microorganisms. In doing so, it bestows relevance upon the therapeutic stratagems that form the bedrock of AD's management, all whilst casting a prospective gaze into the horizon of medical advancements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Liang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Dong
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yueyang Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenhui Cai
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Heilongjiang Jiamusi Central Hospital, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mengoli M, Conti G, Fabbrini M, Candela M, Brigidi P, Turroni S, Barone M. Microbiota-gut-brain axis and ketogenic diet: how close are we to tackling epilepsy? MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:32. [PMID: 38045924 PMCID: PMC10688818 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis refers to the intricate bidirectional communication between commensal microorganisms residing in the digestive tract and the central nervous system, along neuroendocrine, metabolic, immune, and inflammatory pathways. This axis has been suggested to play a role in several neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy, paving the way for microbiome-based intervention strategies for the mitigation and treatment of symptoms. Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological condition affecting more than 50 million individuals worldwide, 30% of whom do not respond to conventional pharmacological therapies. Among the first-hand microbiota modulation strategies, nutritional interventions represent an easily applicable option in both clinical and home settings. In this narrative review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain axis involvement in epilepsy, discuss the impact of antiepileptic drugs on the gut microbiome, and then the impact of a particular dietary pattern, the ketogenic diet, on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in epileptic patients. The investigation of the microbiota response to non-pharmacological therapies is an ever-expanding field with the potential to allow the design of increasingly accessible and successful intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Mengoli
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Gabriele Conti
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Marco Fabbrini
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lynch CJ, Elbau I, Ng T, Ayaz A, Zhu S, Manfredi N, Johnson M, Wolk D, Power JD, Gordon EM, Kay K, Aloysi A, Moia S, Caballero-Gaudes C, Victoria LW, Solomonov N, Goldwaser E, Zebley B, Grosenick L, Downar J, Vila-Rodriguez F, Daskalakis ZJ, Blumberger DM, Williams N, Gunning FM, Liston C. Expansion of a frontostriatal salience network in individuals with depression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.09.551651. [PMID: 37645792 PMCID: PMC10461904 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.551651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of neuroimaging studies spanning two decades have revealed differences in brain structure and functional connectivity in depression, but with modest effect sizes, complicating efforts to derive mechanistic pathophysiologic insights or develop biomarkers. 1 Furthermore, although depression is a fundamentally episodic condition, few neuroimaging studies have taken a longitudinal approach, which is critical for understanding cause and effect and delineating mechanisms that drive mood state transitions over time. The emerging field of precision functional mapping using densely-sampled longitudinal neuroimaging data has revealed unexpected, functionally meaningful individual differences in brain network topology in healthy individuals, 2-5 but these approaches have never been applied to individuals with depression. Here, using precision functional mapping techniques and 11 datasets comprising n=187 repeatedly sampled individuals and >21,000 minutes of fMRI data, we show that the frontostriatal salience network is expanded two-fold in most individuals with depression. This effect was replicable in multiple samples, including large-scale, group-average data (N=1,231 subjects), and caused primarily by network border shifts affecting specific functional systems, with three distinct modes of encroachment occurring in different individuals. Salience network expansion was unexpectedly stable over time, unaffected by changes in mood state, and detectable in children before the subsequent onset of depressive symptoms in adolescence. Longitudinal analyses of individuals scanned up to 62 times over 1.5 years identified connectivity changes in specific frontostriatal circuits that tracked fluctuations in specific symptom domains and predicted future anhedonia symptoms before they emerged. Together, these findings identify a stable trait-like brain network topology that may confer risk for depression and mood-state dependent connectivity changes in frontostriatal circuits that predict the emergence and remission of depressive symptoms over time.
Collapse
|
37
|
Feng Z, Tong WK, Zhang X, Tang Z. Prevalence of depression and association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study based on NHANES 2005-2018 data. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:490. [PMID: 37430235 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes have increased risk of depression, but there are limited nationally representative studies on this topic. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of depression, as well as its impact on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using a prospective cohort study and a representative sample of the U.S. POPULATION METHODS We analyzed National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2018 and linked it with the most recent publicly available National Death Index (NDI) data. Individuals aged 20 years or old who had depression measurements were included. Depression was defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score ≥ 10, and categorized into moderate (10-14 points) and moderately severe to severe (≥ 15 points). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between depression and mortality. RESULTS Among 5695 participants with T2DM, 11.6% had depression. Depression was associated with female gender, younger age, overweight, lower education, being unmarried, smoking, and a history of coronary heart disease and stroke. During a mean follow-up period of 78.2 months, 1161 all-cause deaths occurred. Total depression and moderately severe to severe depression significantly increased all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.36, 95% CI [1.09-1.70]; 1.67 [1.19-2.34]) and non-cardiovascular mortality (aHR 1.36, 95% CI [1.04-1.78]; 1.78, 95% CI [1.20-2.64]), but not cardiovascular mortality. Subgroup analysis showed a significant association between total depression and all-cause mortality in males (aHR 1.46, 95% CI [1.08-1.98]) and those aged 60 years or older (aHR 1.35, 95% CI [1.02-1.78]). Any severity of depression was not significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality in age- or gender- stratified subgroups. CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults with T2DM, approximately 10% experienced depression. Depression did not significantly associate with cardiovascular mortality. However, comorbid depression in T2DM patients increased the risk of all-cause and non-cardiovascular mortality. The impact of depression on mortality varied across subgroups. Therefore, healthcare providers should consider incorporating depression screening and management into routine care, especially for subgroups with specific risk factors, due to the increased risk of all-cause mortality in T2DM patients with depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Feng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Wai Kei Tong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhijia Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kamamuta A, Takagi Y, Takahashi M, Kurihara K, Shibata H, Tanaka K, Hata K. Fatigue Potentially Reduces the Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Depression Following COVID-19 and Its Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1151. [PMID: 37514967 PMCID: PMC10383898 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19's long-term effects, known as Long-COVID, present psychiatric and physical challenges in recovered patients. Similarly, rare long-term post-vaccination side effects, resembling Long-COVID, are emerging (called Post-Vaccine). However, effective treatments for both conditions are scarce. Our clinical experience suggests that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) often aids recovery in Long-COVID and Post-Vaccine patients. However, its effectiveness is reduced in patients with severe fatigue. Therefore, we retrospectively analysed Tokyo TMS Clinic's outpatient records (60 in total; mean age, 38 years) to compare Long-COVID and post-vaccine patients' characteristics and symptoms, assess the impact of TMS on their symptoms, and investigate the role of fatigue in depression recovery with TMS. The primary outcome was the regression coefficient of the initial fatigue score on depression score improvement using TMS. Secondary outcomes included psychiatric/physical scores before and after TMS and their improvement rates. We found no differences in the initial symptoms and background factors between Long-COVID and Post-Vaccine patients. After ten TMS sessions, all psychiatric and physical symptom scores improved significantly. TMS improves depression, insomnia, anxiety, and related neuropsychiatric symptoms, which were the primary complaints in this study. Thus, we conclude that TMS improves depression and anxiety. The effectiveness of TMS in treating depression in Long-COVID and Post-Vaccine patients decreased as fatigue severity increased. In conclusion, TMS relieved depressive symptoms following COVID-19 and vaccination; however, fatigue may hinder its effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Katsuhiko Hata
- Tokyo TMS Clinic, Tokyo 150-0021, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Center for Mathematical Medicine, Tokyo 183-0014, Japan
- Department of Sports and Medical Science, Graduate School of Emergency Medical System, Kokushikan University, Tokyo 206-8515, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gammoh O, Ibrahim A, Qnais E, Alqudah A, Altaber S, Aljabali AAA, Tambuwala MM. Vitamins C and D Exhibit Similar Antidepressant Effects to Escitalopram Mediated by NOx and FKBPL in a Stress-Induced Mice Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:2692. [PMID: 37375593 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of vitamin C and vitamin D in a stress-induced mouse model of depression, while also exploring the association between these effects and the levels of circulating NOx, periostin, and FKBPL. Our findings revealed that both vitamin C and vitamin D exhibited comparable antidepressant effects to escitalopram, a commonly used antidepressant, without demonstrating any anxiolytic effects. The antidepressant properties of vitamin C and vitamin D were linked to the normalization of Nox and FKBPL levels, while the levels of periostin showed no significant correlation. These results are consistent with previous research, indicating that the antidepressant effects of vitamin C and vitamin D may be attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as their modulation of neurotransmission and norepinephrine release. Additionally, our study uncovered elevated levels of periostin in stress-induced depression, which were only restored to normal levels by escitalopram, suggesting a potential role for periostin in mood disorders. Furthermore, FKBPL and NOx levels were increased in stress-induced depression and normalized by treatment with vitamin C, vitamin D, and escitalopram, indicating their involvement in the stress response and gene expression regulation. However, it is important to acknowledge certain limitations of our research, such as the use of a single depression induction model and limited dosing regimens. Future investigations should focus on examining these markers in specific brain regions, such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their potential implications for depression. Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin C, vitamin D, and escitalopram may possess antidepressant properties mediated by NOx and FKBPL levels, while emphasizing the potential significance of periostin in the context of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Aseel Ibrahim
- Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Esam Qnais
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Abdelrahim Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Sara Altaber
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gong Y, Chen A, Zhang G, Shen Q, Zou L, Li J, Miao YB, Liu W. Cracking Brain Diseases from Gut Microbes-Mediated Metabolites for Precise Treatment. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2974-2998. [PMID: 37416776 PMCID: PMC10321288 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis has been a subject of significant interest in recent years. Understanding the link between the gut and brain axis is crucial for the treatment of disorders. Here, the intricate components and unique relationship between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the brain are explained in detail. Additionally, the association between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and brain health is emphasized. Meanwhile, gut microbiota-derived metabolites with their recent applications, challenges and opportunities their pathways on different disease treatment are focus discussed. The prospective strategy of gut microbiota-derived metabolites potential applies to the brain disease treatments, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, is proposed. This review provides a broad perspective on gut microbiota-derived metabolites characteristics facilitate understand the connection between gut and brain and pave the way for the development of a new medication delivery system for gut microbiota-derived metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gong
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610000, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anmei Chen
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of reproductive medicine, Sichuan Provincial maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Qing Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiahong Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang-Bao Miao
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of reproductive medicine, Sichuan Provincial maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ho A, Orton R, Tayler R, Asamaphan P, Herder V, Davis C, Tong L, Smollett K, Manali M, Allan J, Rawlik K, McDonald SE, Vink E, Pollock L, Gannon L, Evans C, McMenamin J, Roy K, Marsh K, Divala T, Holden MTG, Lockhart M, Yirrell D, Currie S, O'Leary M, Henderson D, Shepherd SJ, Jackson C, Gunson R, MacLean A, McInnes N, Bradley-Stewart A, Battle R, Hollenbach JA, Henderson P, Odam M, Chikowore P, Oosthuyzen W, Chand M, Hamilton MS, Estrada-Rivadeneyra D, Levin M, Avramidis N, Pairo-Castineira E, Vitart V, Wilkie C, Palmarini M, Ray S, Robertson DL, da Silva Filipe A, Willett BJ, Breuer J, Semple MG, Turner D, Baillie JK, Thomson EC. Adeno-associated virus 2 infection in children with non-A-E hepatitis. Nature 2023; 617:555-563. [PMID: 36996873 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05948-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children was reported in Scotland1 in April 2022 and has now been identified in 35 countries2. Several recent studies have suggested an association with human adenovirus with this outbreak, a virus not commonly associated with hepatitis. Here we report a detailed case-control investigation and find an association between adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) infection and host genetics in disease susceptibility. Using next-generation sequencing, PCR with reverse transcription, serology and in situ hybridization, we detected recent infection with AAV2 in plasma and liver samples in 26 out of 32 (81%) cases of hepatitis compared with 5 out of 74 (7%) of samples from unaffected individuals. Furthermore, AAV2 was detected within ballooned hepatocytes alongside a prominent T cell infiltrate in liver biopsy samples. In keeping with a CD4+ T-cell-mediated immune pathology, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II HLA-DRB1*04:01 allele was identified in 25 out of 27 cases (93%) compared with a background frequency of 10 out of 64 (16%; P = 5.49 × 10-12). In summary, we report an outbreak of acute paediatric hepatitis associated with AAV2 infection (most likely acquired as a co-infection with human adenovirus that is usually required as a 'helper virus' to support AAV2 replication) and disease susceptibility related to HLA class II status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Ho
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard Orton
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rachel Tayler
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Patawee Asamaphan
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Vanessa Herder
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chris Davis
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lily Tong
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katherine Smollett
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Maria Manali
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jay Allan
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Konrad Rawlik
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E McDonald
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Elen Vink
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Louisa Pollock
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Clair Evans
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Celia Jackson
- West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rory Gunson
- West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Neil McInnes
- West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Richard Battle
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (H&I) Laboratory, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jill A Hollenbach
- Department of Neurology and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paul Henderson
- Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miranda Odam
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Primrose Chikowore
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Wilna Oosthuyzen
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Melissa Shea Hamilton
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Diego Estrada-Rivadeneyra
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Levin
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nikos Avramidis
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Erola Pairo-Castineira
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Craig Wilkie
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Massimo Palmarini
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Surajit Ray
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David L Robertson
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ana da Silva Filipe
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Brian J Willett
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - David Turner
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (H&I) Laboratory, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Kenneth Baillie
- Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emma C Thomson
- Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK.
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jaeckle T, Williams SCR, Barker GJ, Basilio R, Carr E, Goldsmith K, Colasanti A, Giampietro V, Cleare A, Young AH, Moll J, Zahn R. Self-blame in major depression: a randomised pilot trial comparing fMRI neurofeedback with self-guided psychological strategies. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2831-2841. [PMID: 34852855 PMCID: PMC10235657 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overgeneralised self-blame and worthlessness are key symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and have previously been associated with self-blame-selective changes in connectivity between right superior anterior temporal lobe (rSATL) and subgenual frontal cortices. Another study showed that remitted MDD patients were able to modulate this neural signature using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback training, thereby increasing their self-esteem. The feasibility and potential of using this approach in symptomatic MDD were unknown. METHOD This single-blind pre-registered randomised controlled pilot trial probed a novel self-guided psychological intervention with and without additional rSATL-posterior subgenual cortex (BA25) fMRI neurofeedback, targeting self-blaming emotions in people with insufficiently recovered MDD and early treatment-resistance (n = 43, n = 35 completers). Participants completed three weekly self-guided sessions to rebalance self-blaming biases. RESULTS As predicted, neurofeedback led to a training-induced reduction in rSATL-BA25 connectivity for self-blame v. other-blame. Both interventions were safe and resulted in a 46% reduction on the Beck Depression Inventory-II, our primary outcome, with no group differences. Secondary analyses, however, revealed that patients without DSM-5-defined anxious distress showed a superior response to neurofeedback compared with the psychological intervention, and the opposite pattern in anxious MDD. As predicted, symptom remission was associated with increases in self-esteem and this correlated with the frequency with which participants employed the psychological strategies in daily life. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that self-blame-rebalance neurofeedback may be superior over a solely psychological intervention in non-anxious MDD, although further confirmatory studies are needed. Simple self-guided strategies tackling self-blame were beneficial, but need to be compared against treatment-as-usual in further trials. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10526888.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Jaeckle
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, London, UK
| | - Steven C. R. Williams
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gareth J. Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rodrigo Basilio
- Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Unit and Neuroinformatics Workgroup, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ewan Carr
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kimberley Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Colasanti
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, London, UK
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony Cleare
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, London, UK
| | - Allan H. Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX, UK
| | - Jorge Moll
- Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Unit and Neuroinformatics Workgroup, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roland Zahn
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, London, UK
- Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Unit and Neuroinformatics Workgroup, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Papp M, Gruca P, Litwa E, Lason M, Willner P. Optogenetic stimulation of transmission from prelimbic cortex to nucleus accumbens core overcomes resistance to venlafaxine in an animal model of treatment-resistant depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 123:110715. [PMID: 36610613 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our earlier study demonstrated that repeated optogenetic stimulation of afferents from ventral hippocampus (vHIP) to the prelimbic region of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) overcame resistance to antidepressant treatment in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. These results suggested that antidepressant resistance may result from an insufficiency of transmission from vHIP to mPFC. Here we examined whether similar effects can be elicited from major output of mPFC; the pathway from to nucleus accumbens core (NAc). METHOD WKY rats were subjected to Chronic Mild Stress and were used in two sets of experiments: 1) they were treated acutely with optogenetic stimulation of afferents to NAc core originating from the mPFC, and 2) they were treated with chronic (5 weeks) venlafaxine (10 mg/kg) and/or repeated (once weekly) optogenetic stimulation of afferents to NAc originating from either mPFC or vHIP. RESULTS Chronic mild stress procedure decreased sucrose intake, open arm entries on elevated plus maze, and novel object recognition test. Acute optogenetic stimulation of the mPFC-NAc and vHIP-NAc pathways had no effect in sucrose or plus maze tests, but increased object recognition. Neither venlafaxine nor mPFC-NAc optogenetic stimulation alone was effective in reversing the effects of CMS, but the combination of chronic antidepressant and repeated optogenetic stimulation improved behaviour on all three measures. CONCLUSIONS The synergism between venlafaxine and mPFC-NAc optogenetic stimulation supports the hypothesis that the mechanisms of non-responsiveness of WKY rats involves a failure of antidepressant treatment to restore transmission in the mPFC-NAc pathway. Together with earlier results, this implicates insufficiency in a vHIP-mPFC-NAc circuit in non-responsiveness to antidepressant drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Papp
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Piotr Gruca
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Litwa
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lason
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paul Willner
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cai CY, Tao Y, Zhou Y, Yang D, Qin C, Bian XL, Xian JY, Cao B, Chang L, Wu HY, Luo CX, Zhu DY. Nos1 + and Nos1 - excitatory neurons in the BLA regulate anxiety- and depression-related behaviors oppositely. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:181-192. [PMID: 37080493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons are primarily glutamatergic and have been associated with emotion regulation. However, little is known about the roles of BLA neurons expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, Nos1) in the regulation of emotional behaviors. METHODS Using Nos1-cre mice and chemogenetic and optogenetic manipulations, we specifically silenced or activated Nos1+ or Nos1- neurons in the BLA, or silenced their projections to the anterdorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (adBNST) and ventral hippocampus (vHPC). We measured anxiety behaviors in elevated plus maze (EPM) and open-field test (OFT), and measured depression behaviors in forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). RESULTS BLA Nos1+ neurons were predominantly glutamatergic, and glutamatergic but not GABAergic Nos1+ neurons were involved in controlling anxiety- and depression-related behaviors. Interestingly, by selectively manipulating the activities of BLA Nos1+ and Nos1- excitatory neurons, we found that they had opposing effects on anxiety- and depression-related behaviors. BLA Nos1+ excitatory neurons projected to the adBNST, this BLA-adBNST circuit controlled the expression of anxiety- and depression-related behaviors, while BLA Nos1- excitatory neurons projected to vHPC, this BLA-vHPC circuit contributed to the expression of anxiety- and depression-related behaviors. Moreover, excitatory vHPC-adBNST circuit antagonized the role of BLA-adBNST circuit in regulating anxiety- and depression-related behaviors. CONCLUSIONS BLA Nos1+ and Nos1- excitatory neuron subpopulations exert different effects on anxiety- and depression-related behaviors through distinct projection circuits, providing a new insight of BLA excitatory neurons in emotional regulation. LIMITATIONS We did not perform retrograde labeling from adBNST and vHPC regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yun Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xin-Lan Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Yun Xian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hai-Yin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chun-Xia Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dong-Ya Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Institution of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hu G, Zhou C, Wang J, Ma X, Ma H, Yu H, Peng Z, Huang J, Cai M. Electroacupuncture treatment ameliorates depressive-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction via CB1R dependent mitochondria biogenesis after experimental global cerebral ischemic stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1135227. [PMID: 37091920 PMCID: PMC10113634 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1135227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThis study aimed to identify the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on post-stroke depression (PSD) and explore whether cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis accounts for the treatment effect of EA.MethodsThe PSD mouse model was induced by a consecutive 14-day chronic unpredictable stress operation after 7 days of recovery from the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion surgery. Either EA treatment or sham stimulation was performed for 14 consecutive days from Day 7 after the BCCAO operation. Subjects’ PSD-like behaviors were tested via open field test, sucrose preference test, novelty suppressed feeding test, tail suspension test, and forced swim test, and subjects’ cognitive function was examined using Y-maze and novelty object recognition test. In addition, the levels of CB1R, mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins (nuclear transcription factor 1, NRF1; mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM), proteins related to mitochondrial function (Cytochrome C, Cyto C; AIF, COX IV), and mitochondrial DNA were measured. To elucidate the role of CB1R in EA treatment, CB1R antagonists AM251 and CB1R-shRNA were given to mice before EA treatment. Likewise, subjects’ depressive-like behaviors, cognitive function, mitochondrial function, and mitochondrial biogenesis were examined after the PSD procedure.ResultsIt has been showed that EA successfully ameliorated depressive-like behaviors, improved cognitive dysfunctions, and upregulated CB1R, NRF1 and TFAM expressions. However, the supplementation of AM251 and CB1R-shRNA blocked the antidepressant-like effects generated by EA, and EA failed to improve cognitive dysfunction, upregulate CB1R protein expression, and increase mitochondrial function and biogenesis.ConclusionAltogether, these results indicated that EA ameliorated PSD-like behaviors in mice, improved cognitive dysfunctions after PSD, and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis by activating CB1R, a novel mechanism underlying EA’s antidepressant-like effects in treating PSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangtao Hu
- Department of Psychological Medicine, 958th Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cuihong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinxu Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongzhe Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengwu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Jing Huang,
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Min Cai,
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang JR, Yin SY, Shen ZQ, Li B, Zhang YQ, Yu J. Bullatine A has an antidepressant effect in chronic social defeat stress mice; Implication of microglial inflammasome. Brain Res Bull 2023; 195:130-140. [PMID: 36828203 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory microglia and P2X7R are involved in the development of stress-induced depression. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial damage play an important role in depression and microglial activation. Bullatine A (BLA) has anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic effects, and can be used as a P2X7R antagonist. We found that Bullatine A can effectively inhibit the calcium overload of mitochondria and the increase of ER and mitochondrial colocalization caused by eATP (extracellular ATP) in BV2-cells. Bullatine A can also inhibit the activation of PERK-elF-2α unfolded protein response (UPR), lysosome production and the increase of NLRP3 inflammasome protein expression in BV2-cells Both intragastric administration and intra-hippocampal microinjection of Bullatine A can significantly improve the despair behavior but not anhedonia of Chronic chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) mice. Bullatine A may have a beneficial therapeutic effect in treating diseases related to stress stimulation, such as depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rui Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Yin
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zu-Qi Shen
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bing Li
- Center Laboratories, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Shoji H, Ikeda K, Miyakawa T. Behavioral phenotype, intestinal microbiome, and brain neuronal activity of male serotonin transporter knockout mice. Mol Brain 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 36991468 PMCID: PMC10061809 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) plays a critical role in the regulation of serotonin neurotransmission. Mice genetically deficient in 5-HTT expression have been used to study the physiological functions of 5-HTT in the brain and have been proposed as a potential animal model for neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent studies have provided evidence for a link between the gut-brain axis and mood disorders. However, the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on gut microbiota, brain function, and behavior remain to be fully characterized. Here we investigated the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on different types of behavior, the gut microbiome, and brain c-Fos expression as a marker of neuronal activation in response to the forced swim test for assessing depression-related behavior in male 5-HTT knockout mice. Behavioral analysis using a battery of 16 different tests showed that 5-HTT-/- mice exhibited markedly reduced locomotor activity, decreased pain sensitivity, reduced motor function, increased anxiety-like and depression-related behavior, altered social behavior in novel and familiar environments, normal working memory, enhanced spatial reference memory, and impaired fear memory compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. 5-HTT+/- mice showed slightly reduced locomotor activity and impaired social behavior compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons showed that 5-HTT-/- mice had altered gut microbiota abundances, such as a decrease in Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Turicibacter, compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. This study also showed that after exposure to the forced swim test, the number of c-Fos-positive cells was higher in the paraventricular thalamus and lateral hypothalamus and was lower in the prefrontal cortical regions, nucleus accumbens shell, dorsolateral septal nucleus, hippocampal regions, and ventromedial hypothalamus in 5-HTT-/- mice than in 5-HTT+/+ mice. These phenotypes of 5-HTT-/- mice partially recapitulate clinical observations in humans with major depressive disorder. The present findings indicate that 5-HTT-deficient mice serve as a good and valid animal model to study anxiety and depression with altered gut microbial composition and abnormal neuronal activity in the brain, highlighting the importance of 5-HTT in brain function and the mechanisms underlying the regulation of anxiety and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Shoji
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Girard BM, Campbell SE, Vizzard MA. Stress-induced symptom exacerbation: Stress increases voiding frequency, somatic sensitivity, and urinary bladder NGF and BDNF expression in mice with subthreshold cyclophosphamide (CYP). FRONTIERS IN UROLOGY 2023; 3:1079790. [PMID: 37811396 PMCID: PMC10558155 DOI: 10.3389/fruro.2023.1079790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Symptom exacerbation due to stress is prevalent in many disease states, including functional disorders of the urinary bladder (e.g., overactive bladder (OAB), interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS)); however, the mechanisms underlying the effects of stress on micturition reflex function are unclear. In this study we designed and evaluated a stress-induced symptom exacerbation (SISE) mouse model that demonstrates increased urinary frequency and somatic (pelvic and hindpaw) sensitivity. Cyclophosphamide (CYP) (35 mg/kg; i.p., every 48 hours for a total of 4 doses) or 7 days of repeated variate stress (RVS) did not alter urinary bladder function or somatic sensitivity; however, both CYP alone and RVS alone significantly (p ≤ 0.01) decreased weight gain and increased serum corticosterone. CYP treatment when combined with RVS for 7 days (CYP+RVS) significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased serum corticosterone, urinary frequency and somatic sensitivity and decreased weight gain. CYP+RVS exposure in mice significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased (2.6-fold) voiding frequency as we determined using conscious, open-outlet cystometry. CYP+RVS significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased baseline, threshold, and peak micturition pressures. We also evaluated the expression of NGF, BDNF, CXC chemokines and IL-6 in urinary bladder in CYP alone, RVS alone and CYP+RVS mouse cohorts. Although all treatments or exposures increased urinary bladder NGF, BDNF, CXC and IL-6 content, CYP+RVS produced the largest increase in all inflammatory mediators examined. These results demonstrated that CYP alone or RVS alone creates a change in the inflammatory environment of the urinary bladder but does not result in a change in bladder function or somatic sensitivity until CYP is combined with RVS (CYP+RVS). The SISE model of CYP+RVS will be useful to develop testable hypotheses addressing underlying mechanisms where psychological stress exacerbates symptoms in functional bladder disorders leading to identification of targets and potential treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice M Girard
- The Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Department of Neurological Sciences, Burlington, VT, 05405
| | - Susan E Campbell
- The Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Department of Neurological Sciences, Burlington, VT, 05405
| | - Margaret A Vizzard
- The Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Department of Neurological Sciences, Burlington, VT, 05405
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wu M, Li A, Guo Y, Cao F, You S, Cao J, Mi W, Tong L. GABAergic neurons in the nucleus accumbens core mediate the antidepressant effects of sevoflurane. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 946:175627. [PMID: 36868292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
General anaesthetics have been widely applied to induce reversible loss and recovery of consciousness in clinical practice and have been shown to have reliably safe profiles. Since brief exposure to general anaesthetics can result in long-lasting and global changes in neuronal structures and function, these drugs also exhibit strong therapeutic potential for mood disorders. Preliminary and clinical studies have suggested that the inhalational anaesthetic drug sevoflurane might relieve symptoms of depression. However, the antidepressant effects of sevoflurane and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we confirmed that the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of inhaling 2.5% sevoflurane for 30 min were comparable to those of ketamine and could be sustained for 48 h. Activation of GABAergic (γ-aminobutyric acidergic) neurons in the nucleus accumbens core by chemogenetics was shown to mimic the antidepressant effects of inhaled sevoflurane, whereas inhibition of these neurons significantly prevented these effects. Considered together, these results suggested that sevoflurane might exert rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects via modulation of neuronal activities in the nucleus accumbens core nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Ao Li
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yongxin Guo
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Fuyang Cao
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shaohua You
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jiangbei Cao
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Weidong Mi
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Li Tong
- Anesthesia and Operation Center, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
A wearable platform for closed-loop stimulation and recording of single-neuron and local field potential activity in freely moving humans. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:517-527. [PMID: 36804647 PMCID: PMC9991917 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Advances in technologies that can record and stimulate deep brain activity in humans have led to impactful discoveries within the field of neuroscience and contributed to the development of novel therapies for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Further progress, however, has been hindered by device limitations in that recording of single-neuron activity during freely moving behaviors in humans has not been possible. Additionally, implantable neurostimulation devices, currently approved for human use, have limited stimulation programmability and restricted full-duplex bidirectional capability. In this study, we developed a wearable bidirectional closed-loop neuromodulation system (Neuro-stack) and used it to record single-neuron and local field potential activity during stationary and ambulatory behavior in humans. Together with a highly flexible and customizable stimulation capability, the Neuro-stack provides an opportunity to investigate the neurophysiological basis of disease, develop improved responsive neuromodulation therapies, explore brain function during naturalistic behaviors in humans and, consequently, bridge decades of neuroscientific findings across species.
Collapse
|