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Li C, Zhang J, Pan P, Zhang J, Hou X, Wang Y, Chen G, Muhammad P, Reis RL, Ding L, Wang Y. Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400665. [PMID: 38526194 PMCID: PMC11165509 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The incidence rate of cancer is increasing year by year due to the aging of the population, unhealthy living, and eating habits. At present, surgery and medication are still the main treatments for cancer, without paying attention to the impact of individual differences in health management on cancer. However, increasing evidence suggests that individual psychological status, dietary habits, and exercise frequency are closely related to the risk and prognosis of cancer. The reminder to humanity is that the medical concept of the unified treatment plan is insufficient in cancer treatment, and a personalized treatment plan may become a breakthrough point. On this basis, the concept of "Humanistic Health Management" (HHM) is proposed. This concept is a healthcare plan that focuses on self-health management, providing an accurate and comprehensive evaluation of individual lifestyle habits, psychology, and health status, and developing personalized and targeted comprehensive cancer prevention and treatment plans. This review will provide a detailed explanation of the relationship between psychological status, dietary, and exercise habits, and the regulatory mechanisms of cancer. Intended to emphasize the importance of HHM concept in cancer prevention and better prognostic efficacy, providing new ideas for the new generation of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Li
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and NanobiologySchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Pan
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Hou
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Guoping Chen
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Pir Muhammad
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs‐Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoGuimarães4805‐017Portugal
| | - Lin Ding
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation CenterShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell TherapyShenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical TransformationShenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service PlatformShenzhen518020P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wang
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
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de Carvalho TC, da Mota Borges AK, Silva IFD. Stomach cancer incidence trends in selected Latin America countries: Age, period, and birth-cohort effects. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 85:102392. [PMID: 37301017 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND to explore the age, period, and birth-cohort effects on stomach cancer incidence trends during 3 decades in selected Latin American countries. METHODS a time-trend study was performed using Cancer Incidence in Five Continents data from high-quality population-based cancer registries(PBCRs) in Latin American countries. Crude and age-standardized incidence rates(ASRIs) were calculated. Time trends in ASRIs were assessed using the average annual percentage change(AAPC). Age-period-cohort effects were estimated by Poisson regression for individuals aged between 20 and 79 years with stomach cancer informed by PBCRs from 1983 to 2012 in Cali(Colombia); from 1982 to 2011 in Costa Rica; and from 1988 to 2012 for Goiania(Brazil) and Quito(Ecuador). The goodness-of-fit model was tested using the deviance of the models. RESULTS a decrease in age-standardized incidence rates was observed for both genders in all populations covered by PBCRs, except for young men from Cali(AAPC 3.89 95 %IC: 1.32-7.29). The age effect was statistically significant in all areas, and the curve slope reached peaks in the older age groups. The cohort effect was observed in all PBCRs. Regarding the period effect, an increased ratio rate was observed for both genders in Costa Rica(1997-2001 women RR 1.11 95 %CI: 1.05-1.17; men RR 1.12 95 %CI: 1.08-1.17) and Goiânia(2003-2007 women RR 1.21 95 %CI: 1.08-1.35; men RR 1.09 95 %CI: 1.01-1.20), while Quito(1998-2002 women RR 0.89 95 %CI: 0.81-0.98; men RR 0.86 95 %CI: 0.79-0.93) presented a decrease. CONCLUSION the present study showed a decreasing gastric cancer trend for over the past 30 years with gender and geographic variations. Such a decrease seems to be mainly a result of cohort effects, suggesting that the economic market opening process led to changes in the risk factor exposures over successive generations. These geographic and gender variations may reflect cultural/ethnic/gender differences and differences in dietary and smoking rate patterns. However, an increased incidence was observed for young men in Cali, and additional studies are needed to determine the cause of the increasing incidence in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilce Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods, National Public Health School, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Semlali A, Ajala I, Beji S, Al-Zharani MM, Rouabhia M. Synergistic Effect of Anethole and Platinum Drug Cisplatin against Oral Cancer Cell Growth and Migration by Inhibiting MAPKase, Beta-Catenin, and NF-κB Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050700. [PMID: 37242484 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a common drug used to treat patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, cisplatin-induced chemoresistance poses a major challenge to its clinical application. Our recent study has shown that anethole possesses an anti-oral cancer effect. In this study, we examined the combined effect of anethole and cisplatin on oral cancer therapy. Gingival cancer cells Ca9-22 were cultured in the presence of various concentrations of cisplatin with or without anethole. The cell viability/proliferation and cytotoxicity were evaluated, respectively, by MTT, Hoechst staining, and LDH assay, while colony formation was measured by crystal violet. Oral cancer cell migration was evaluated by the scratch method. Apoptosis, caspase activity, oxidative stress, MitoSOX, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) levels were evaluated by flow cytometry, and the inhibition of signaling pathways was investigated by Western blot. Our results show that anethole (3 µM) potentiates cisplatin-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and decreases the ΔΨm on Ca9-22 cells. Furthermore, drug combination was found to inhibit cell migration and enhanced cisplatin cytotoxicity. The combination of anethole and cisplatin potentiates cisplatin-induced oral cancer cell apoptosis through the activation of caspase, while we also found anethole and cisplatin to enhance the cisplatin-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial stress. In addition, major cancer signaling pathways were inhibited by the combination of anethole and cisplatin such as MAPKase, beta-catenin, and NF-κB pathways. This study reports that the combination of anethole and cisplatin might provide a beneficial effect in enhancing the cisplatin cancer cell-killing effect, thus lowering the associated side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhabib Semlali
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Ikram Ajala
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Sarra Beji
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Mohammed Mousa Al-Zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Rouabhia
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
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Tepler A, Hoffman G, Jindal S, Narula N, Shah SC. Intake of artificial sweeteners among adults is associated with reduced odds of gastrointestinal luminal cancers: a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies. Nutr Res 2021; 93:87-98. [PMID: 34461350 PMCID: PMC8818300 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The association between artificial sweetener (AS) consumption and the risk of organ-specific cancers has been debated for decades. We hypothesized that AS consumption is associated with reduced risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. We aimed to test this hypothesis by conducting a systematic review with meta-analysis of the association between AS and GI cancers. We searched four databases for comparative studies of AS consumption (exposed) versus no consumption (nonexposed) and the odds or risk of GI luminal or non-luminal cancer (primary outcome). Estimates were pooled using a random-effects model. Studies were evaluated for quality, bias, and heterogeneity. We analyzed 8 (4 prospective, 4 case-control) studies comprising data on 1,043,496 individuals, among whom 3271 pancreatic, 395 gastric, 304 esophageal, 3008 colorectal, and 598 oropharyngeal cancers occurred. While there was no significant association between AS consumption and odds of GI cancer overall, AS consumption was associated with 19% reduced likelihood of luminal GI cancer (OR 0.81, 95% CI:0.68–0.97). There was no association between AS consumption and non-luminal GI cancer. Meta-regression demonstrated no difference in effect estimates based on study type. Based on this first meta-analysis of AS and GI cancer, we demonstrated that AS consumption is associated with a significantly lower likelihood of luminal, but not non-luminal, GI cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Tepler
- Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Gila Hoffman
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shawn Jindal
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Neeraj Narula
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shailja C Shah
- Section of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Thomas M, Davis T, Nell T, Sishi B, Engelbrecht AM. Amino Acid Starvation Sensitizes Resistant Breast Cancer to Doxorubicin-Induced Cell Death. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:565915. [PMID: 33178685 PMCID: PMC7593593 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.565915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many clinical trials are beginning to assess the effectiveness of compounds known to regulate autophagy in patients receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy. However, autophagy inhibition, through exogenous inhibitors, or activation, through starvation, has revealed conflicting roles in cancer management and chemotherapeutic outcome. This study aimed to assess the effect of amino acid starvation on doxorubicin-treated breast cancer cells by assessing the roles of autophagy and apoptosis. An in vitro breast cancer model consisting of the normal breast epithelial MCF12A and the metastatic breast cancer MDAMB231 cells was used. Apoptotic and autophagic parameters were assessed following doxorubicin treatments, alone or in combination with bafilomycin, ATG5 siRNA or amino acid starvation. Inhibition of autophagy, through ATG5 siRNA or bafilomycin treatment, increased caspase activity and intracellular doxorubicin concentrations in MCF12A and MDAMB231 cells during doxorubicin treatment. While amino acid starvation increased autophagic activity and decreased caspase activity and intracellular doxorubicin concentrations in MCF12A cells, no changes in autophagic parameters or caspase activity were observed in MDAMB231 cells. Our in vivo data showed that 24 h protein starvation during high dose doxorubicin treatment resulted in increased survival of tumor-bearing GFP-LC3 mice. Results from this study suggest that short term starvation during doxorubicin chemotherapy may be a realistic avenue for adjuvant therapy, especially with regards to the protection of non-cancerous cells. More research is however, needed to fully understand the regulation of autophagic flux during starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Thomas
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Tanja Davis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Theo Nell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Balindiwe Sishi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Sheehy S, Palmer JR, Rosenberg L. High Consumption of Red Meat Is Associated with Excess Mortality Among African-American Women. J Nutr 2020; 150:3249-3258. [PMID: 33024986 PMCID: PMC7726124 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red meat is a rich source of nutrients but is typically high in saturated fats. Carcinogenic chemicals can be formed during cooking and processing. Little is known about the relation of red meat consumption to mortality in African Americans (AAs), a group with excess mortality and high consumption of red meat relative to whites. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to assess the association between red meat consumption and mortality in AA women. METHODS The Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) is a prospective cohort study of AA women across the USA who completed health questionnaires at enrollment in 1995 (median age 38 y, median BMI 27.9 kg/m2) and every 2 y thereafter. The analyses included 56,314 women who completed a validated FFQ and were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline in 1995. Exposures were total red meat, processed red meat, and unprocessed red meat consumption. Outcomes were all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Cox proportional hazards models with control for age, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, medical history, and dietary factors were used to estimate HRs with 95% CIs. RESULTS During 22 y of follow-up through to 2017, we identified 5054 deaths, which included 1354 cardiovascular deaths and 1801 cancer deaths. The HR for all-cause mortality was 1.47 (95% CI: 1.33, 1.62) for the highest quintile of total red meat consumption relative to the lowest. Each 1 serving/d increase in red meat consumption was associated with a 7% (95% CI: 5%, 9%) increased risk of all-cause mortality. Red meat consumption was also associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, but not with cancer mortality. Results were similar for the consumption of processed and unprocessed red meat. CONCLUSIONS Red meat consumption is associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among AA women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA, USA
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Nguyen S, Li H, Yu D, Gao J, Gao Y, Tran H, Xiang YB, Zheng W, Shu XO. Adherence to dietary recommendations and colorectal cancer risk: results from two prospective cohort studies. Int J Epidemiol 2020; 49:270-280. [PMID: 31203367 PMCID: PMC7124505 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the association between diet and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is essential to curbing the epidemic of this cancer. This study prospectively evaluated adherence to the Chinese Food Pagoda (CHFP), and two American Dietary Guidelines: the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) in association with CRC risk among Chinese adults living in urban Shanghai, China. METHODS Participants included 60 161 men and 72 445 women aged 40-74, from two ongoing population-based prospective cohort studies. Associations between dietary guideline compliance scores and CRC risk were evaluated by Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, with age as time metric, and potential confounders were adjusted. RESULTS We identified 1670 CRC incidence cases (691 males and 979 females) during an average 8.1 years of follow-up for men and 13.4 years for women. CHFP score was inversely associated with risk of CRC, with hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals) of 0.88 (0.77, 1.00), 0.86 (0.75, 0.98) and 0.84 (0.73, 0.96) for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartiles versus 1st quartile, respectively (Ptrend= 0.01). The inverse association appeared stronger for rectal cancer, individuals at younger age (< 50 years), with a lower BMI (<25 kg/m2) or without any metabolic conditions at baseline, although no multiplicative interactions were noted. No consistent association pattern was observed for the modified DASH score and the modified AHEI-2010. CONCLUSIONS Compliance with the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese was associated with reduced risk of CRC among Chinese adults. To maximize health impacts, dietary recommendations need to be tailored for specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Honglan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danxia Yu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huong Tran
- Vietnam National Cancer Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Medical Ethics and Psychology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Yan L, Sundaram S. A high-sucrose diet does not enhance spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Nutr Res 2018; 58:55-61. [PMID: 30340815 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A high energy intake contributes to obesity, a risk factor for cancer. We previously reported that an excessive intake of dietary fat enhances malignant spread in mice. This study tested the hypothesis that consumption of a diet with an excessive amount of sucrose enhances metastasis. In a spontaneous metastasis model of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), male C57BL/6 mice were maintained on an AIN93G, a high-fat, or a high-sucrose diet for the duration of the study. Pulmonary metastases from a primary tumor, established by a subcutaneous injection of LLC cells, were quantified. There were no differences in energy intake among the 3 groups. The percent body fat mass of the high-sucrose group, while higher than that of the AIN93G group, was lower than that of the high-fat group. The number and size of lung metastases were significantly higher in the high-fat group than in the AIN93G group; these measurements in the high-sucrose group remained similar to those in the AIN93G group. Hepatic concentrations of triacylglycerols and plasma concentrations of insulin, proinflammatory cytokines (leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1) and angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1) in the high-sucrose group were significantly lower than those in the high-fat group. In conclusion, the high-sucrose diet does not enhance spontaneous metastasis of LLC. This null effect may be due to the inadequate production of tumorigenic proinflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors by the high-sucrose diet compared to the high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yan
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58202.
| | - Sneha Sundaram
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58202.
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Schneider L, Su LJ, Arab L, Bensen JT, Farnan L, Fontham ETH, Song L, Hussey J, Merchant AT, Mohler JL, Steck SE. Dietary patterns based on the Mediterranean diet and DASH diet are inversely associated with high aggressive prostate cancer in PCaP. Ann Epidemiol 2018; 29:16-22.e1. [PMID: 30268488 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several foods and nutrients have been linked to the development of prostate cancer, but the association between healthy dietary patterns and prostate cancer aggressiveness is less studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet scores and prostate cancer aggressiveness by race. METHODS Data from the population-based, case-only North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP) were used to examine the association between diet quality, measured by MED and DASH scores, and prostate cancer aggressiveness in 1899 African American (AA) and European American (EA) research subjects. Dietary intake was assessed using a modified National Cancer Institute Diet History Questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for high versus low-intermediate aggressive prostate cancer. RESULTS Higher MED scores were inversely associated with high aggressive prostate cancer overall (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.95 for high versus low scores); results were similar for AA and EA men. A weaker inverse association between DASH scores and prostate cancer aggressiveness was found (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.06). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality, as represented by a Mediterranean-style diet or DASH diet, may reduce the odds of high aggressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Schneider
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - L Joseph Su
- Winthrop P Rockefeller Cancer Institute and College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeannette T Bensen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Laura Farnan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Elizabeth T H Fontham
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Lixin Song
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James Hussey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Anwar T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - James L Mohler
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY; Department of Urology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
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The Mastery Matrix for Integration Praxis: The development of a rubric for integration practice in addressing weight-related public health problems. Prev Med 2018; 111:78-86. [PMID: 29477966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In response to the limitations of siloed weight-related intervention approaches, scholars have called for greater integration that is intentional, strategic, and thoughtful between researchers, health care clinicians, community members, and policy makers as a way to more effectively address weight and weight-related (e.g., obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer) public health problems. The Mastery Matrix for Integration Praxis was developed by the Healthy Eating and Activity across the Lifespan (HEAL) team in 2017 to advance the science and praxis of integration across the domains of research, clinical practice, community, and policy to address weight-related public health problems. Integrator functions were identified and developmental stages were created to generate a rubric for measuring mastery of integration. Creating a means to systematically define and evaluate integration praxis and expertise will allow for more individuals and teams to master integration in order to work towards promoting a culture of health.
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Barquera S, Hernández-Barrera L, Rothenberg SJ, Cifuentes E. The obesogenic environment around elementary schools: food and beverage marketing to children in two Mexican cities. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:461. [PMID: 29625608 PMCID: PMC5889561 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5374-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unhealthy environments and food advertisements are major determinants of childhood obesity. Recent regulation has banned unhealthy foods from schools in Mexico. However, currently there is no regulation limiting exposure to food marketing around schools. Thus, our objective was to analyze the characteristics of food advertising practices around 60 elementary schools in two cities and to evaluate compliance with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recommendations and the local food industry self-regulatory marketing code. Methods Data were collected during the period of October 2012 to March 2013. A random sample of elementary schools was selected from two Mexican cities. Using geographic information systems, we drew a 100-m-diameter buffer around each school. Trained personnel obtained photographs to assess the locations and types of food advertisements. Our results were stratified by school type and by indicators of compliance with the PAHO and industry recommendations. We developed a multivariate negative binomial regression model to determine factors predicting the number of advertisements around schools. Results The number of advertisements was significantly higher around public schools than around private schools (6.5 ± 5.6 vs. 2.4 ± 3.5, p < 0.05). Printed posters were the most common type of marketing medium (97%), showing mostly sugar-sweetened beverages, sweet breads, candies, and bottled water. Promotions, such as special prices or gifts, were included on 30% of printed posters. Food advertising practices were often in compliance with industry recommendations (83%) but not with those from the PAHO (32%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our results support the importance of monitoring the obesogenic environment and identifying policy tools to protect children from food marketing not only inside schools but also around them, particularly in lower income communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simón Barquera
- Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Lucia Hernández-Barrera
- Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Stephen J Rothenberg
- Center for Research in Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Enrique Cifuentes
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Salem AA, Mackenzie GG. Pancreatic cancer: A critical review of dietary risk. Nutr Res 2017; 52:1-13. [PMID: 29764623 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease. It is estimated that about 90% of pancreatic cancer cases are due to environmental risk factors. Among these, approximately 50% of pancreatic cancer cases may be attributed to diet, which is largely modifiable. Given this large attribution to diet, there have been numerous epidemiological studies assessing the risk of various dietary factors on the incidence of pancreatic cancer. However, many of these studies present conflicting and/or inconclusive findings. The objective of this review is two-fold: (a) to summarize the current evidence on the association between various dietary factors and the risk of developing pancreatic cancer and (b) to discuss what additional studies are needed to better elucidate the role of diet as a potential risk factor for pancreatic cancer. We summarized the evidence by using data primarily from meta-analyses and pooled analysis when available, focusing on the most studied nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns. We observed that, while the association between individual nutrients and pancreatic cancer risk have been heavily studied, the evidence is mostly conflicting and inconclusive. In contrast, the evidence of certain associations among dietary patterns and pancreatic cancer risk is clearer, has more power, and is less conflicting. Therefore, we propose a shift in the focus of nutritional epidemiological research with regards to pancreatic cancer risk. We discourage further epidemiological research studies that focus on single nutrients, whereas we strongly encourage additional studies that investigate how a combination of diet and other lifestyle factors may promote or prevent pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Salem
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616
| | - Gerardo G Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616.
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13
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Berge JM, Trofholz A, Tate AD, Beebe M, Fertig A, Miner MH, Crow S, Culhane-Pera KA, Pergament S, Neumark-Sztainer D. Examining unanswered questions about the home environment and childhood obesity disparities using an incremental, mixed-methods, longitudinal study design: The Family Matters study. Contemp Clin Trials 2017; 62:61-76. [PMID: 28800894 PMCID: PMC5641262 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There are disparities in the prevalence of childhood obesity for children from low-income and minority households. Mixed-methods studies that examine home environments in an in-depth manner are needed to identify potential mechanisms driving childhood obesity disparities that have not been examined in prior research. The Family Matters study aims to identify risk and protective factors for childhood obesity in low-income and minority households through a two-phased incremental, mixed-methods, and longitudinal approach. Individual, dyadic (i.e., parent/child; siblings), and familial factors that are associated with, or moderate associations with childhood obesity will be examined. Phase I includes in-home observations of diverse families (n=150; 25 each of African American, American Indian, Hispanic/Latino, Hmong, Somali, and White families). In-home observations include: (1) an interactive observational family task; (2) ecological momentary assessment of parent stress, mood, and parenting practices; (3) child and parent accelerometry; (4) three 24-hour child dietary recalls; (5) home food inventory; (6) built environment audit; (7) anthropometry on all family members; (8) an online survey; and (9) a parent interview. Phase I data will be used for analyses and to inform development of a culturally appropriate survey for Phase II. The survey will be administered at two time points to diverse parents (n=1200) of children ages 5-9. The main aim of the current paper is to describe the Family Matters complex study design and protocol and to report Phase I feasibility data for participant recruitment and study completion. Results from this comprehensive study will inform the development of culturally-tailored interventions to reduce childhood obesity disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerica M Berge
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - Amanda Trofholz
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - Allan D Tate
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Maureen Beebe
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - Angela Fertig
- Medica Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - Michael H Miner
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - Scott Crow
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry, Minneapolis, MN, United States; The Emily Program, St. Paul, MN, United States.
| | | | - Shannon Pergament
- SoLaHmo Community Partnership, West Side Clinic, St. Paul, MN, United States.
| | - Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
- University of Minnesota, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
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14
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Hosney M, Sabet S, El-Shinawi M, Gaafar KM, Mohamed MM. Leptin is overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment of obese patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2235-2246. [PMID: 28565832 PMCID: PMC5443182 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of leptin in the progression of breast cancer and the associated cell proliferation signalling pathway(s). A total of 44 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 24 healthy donors from Ain Shams University Hospitals (Cairo, Egypt) were enrolled in the present study. The present study assessed leptin expression in breast cancer tissues at the gene and protein level using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrate that the expression of leptin was significantly higher in tissue of breast cancer samples from obese patients than overweight and control samples (P<0.001). ELISA results indicated a significant increase (P<0.001) of leptin expression in obese patients. To investigate whether there is any difference in leptin expression between the peripheral and tumor microenvironment blood of patients with breast cancer, the concentration of leptin was assessed in plasma from both using ELISA assays. The results demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the level of leptin in plasma samples from the tumor microenvironment of obese patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, compared with peripheral plasma samples. Furthermore, the leptin gene was overexpressed in obese ER+ breast cancer tissue. RT-qPCR was also performed to assess the expression of genes involved in proliferation pathways including leptin receptor (LEPR), aromatase, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). A positive association between leptin expression, LEPR, aromatase, MAPK and STAT3 was detected in tissue samples of patients with breast cancer. The current study concluded that leptin may enhance breast cancer progression by inducing the expression of JAK/STAT3, ERK1/2 and estrogen pathways in obese patients breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hosney
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Salwa Sabet
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shinawi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Khadiga M Gaafar
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mona M Mohamed
- Department of Zoology, Cancer Biology Research Laboratory (CBRL), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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15
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Temporal Trends in Dietary Macronutrient Intakes among Adults in Rural China from 1991 to 2011: Findings from the CHNS. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030227. [PMID: 28273878 PMCID: PMC5372890 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have examined nutrition transitions among the rural population of China, even though half of the Chinese population (about 700 million) is living in rural China. To fill this research gap, we examined temporal trends in dietary macronutrient intakes in members of the Chinese rural population aged 18-60 years. The analysis used data from consecutive three-day dietary recalls, collected from the China Health and Nutrition Surveys (CHNS). Mixed-effect models were constructed to obtain adjusted means and to examine temporal trends after adjusting for intra-class correlation within clusters and covariates, including age, sex, geographical region, urbanicity, and income. From 1991 to 2011, a downward trend in daily energy, protein, and carbohydrate intakes was seen in all categories, with a significant reduction among all rural people (p < 0.0001). In contrast, a significant increment in daily fat intake, the proportion of energy from fat, and the proportion of rural people consuming a diet with more than 30% of energy from fat, were observed in the present study (p < 0.0001). These results suggest that adults in rural China have been undergoing a rapid nutrition transition towards a high-fat diet. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on the quality of fat and maintaining a balanced diet during the process of nutritional education.
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16
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JaKa MM, Haapala JL, Trapl ES, Kunin-Batson AS, Olson-Bullis BA, Heerman WJ, Berge JM, Moore SM, Matheson D, Sherwood NE. Reporting of treatment fidelity in behavioural paediatric obesity intervention trials: a systematic review. Obes Rev 2016; 17:1287-1300. [PMID: 27612933 PMCID: PMC5193220 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Behavioural interventions for paediatric obesity are promising, but detailed information on treatment fidelity (i.e. design, training, delivery, receipt and enactment) is needed to optimize the implementation of more effective interventions. Little is known about current practices for reporting treatment fidelity in paediatric obesity studies. This systematic review, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, describes the methods used to report treatment fidelity in randomized controlled trials. Treatment fidelity was double-coded using the National Institutes of Health Fidelity Framework checklist. Three hundred articles (N = 193 studies) were included. Mean inter-coder reliability across items was 0.83 (SD = 0.09). Reporting of treatment design elements within the field was high (e.g. 77% of studies reported designed length of treatment session), but reporting of other domains was low (e.g. only 7% of studies reported length of treatment sessions delivered). Few reported gold standard methods to evaluate treatment fidelity (e.g. coding treatment content delivered). General study quality was associated with reporting of treatment fidelity (p < 0.01) as was the number of articles published for a given study (p < 0.01). The frequency of reporting treatment fidelity components has not improved over time (p = 0.26). Specific recommendations are made to support paediatric obesity researchers in leading health behaviour disciplines towards more rigorous measurement and reporting of treatment fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M JaKa
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - J L Haapala
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - E S Trapl
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | | | | | - W J Heerman
- Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
| | - J M Berge
- Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA
| | - S M Moore
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - D Matheson
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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17
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Antwi SO, Steck SE, Su LJ, Hebert JR, Zhang H, Craft NE, Fontham ETH, Smith GJ, Bensen JT, Mohler JL, Arab L. Carotenoid intake and adipose tissue carotenoid levels in relation to prostate cancer aggressiveness among African-American and European-American men in the North Carolina-Louisiana prostate cancer project (PCaP). Prostate 2016; 76:1053-66. [PMID: 27271547 PMCID: PMC5080909 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between carotenoid intake and prostate cancer (CaP) incidence have varied across studies. This may result from combining indolent with aggressive disease in most studies. This study examined whether carotenoid intake and adipose tissue carotenoid levels were inversely associated with CaP aggressiveness. METHODS Data on African-American (AA, n = 1,023) and European-American (EA, n = 1,079) men with incident CaP from North Carolina and Louisiana were analyzed. Dietary carotenoid intake was assessed using a detailed-food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and abdominal adipose tissue samples were analyzed for carotenoid concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography. Multivariable logistic regression was used in race-stratified analyses to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) comparing high aggressive CaP with low/intermediate aggressive CaP. RESULTS Carotenoid intake differed significantly between AAs and EAs, which included higher intake of lycopene among EAs and higher β-cryptoxanthin intake among AAs. Comparing the highest and lowest tertiles, dietary lycopene was associated inversely with high aggressive CaP among EAs (OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.34-0.89, Ptrend = 0.02), while an inverse association was observed between dietary β-cryptoxanthin intake and high aggressive CaP among AAs (OR = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.36-0.87, Ptrend = 0.01). Adipose tissue α-carotene and lycopene (cis + trans) concentrations were higher among EAs than AAs, and marginally significant inverse linear trends were observed for adipose α-carotene (Ptrend = 0.07) and lycopene (Ptrend = 0.11), and CaP aggressiveness among EAs only. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that diets high in lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin may protect against aggressive CaP among EAs and AAs, respectively. Differences in dietary behaviors may explain the observed racial differences in associations. Prostate 76:1053-1066, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O. Antwi
- Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Susan E. Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - L. Joseph Su
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN
| | - James R. Hebert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | - Gary J. Smith
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jeannette T. Bensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James L. Mohler
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Lenore Arab
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
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18
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Wang X, Wu Y, Zhang X, Zhang M, Huang G. Dietary Changes over 25 Years in Tianjin Residents: Findings from the 1986-1988, 2000-2004, and 2008-2011 Nutrition Surveys. Nutrients 2016; 8:62. [PMID: 26805880 PMCID: PMC4772026 DOI: 10.3390/nu8020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In China, the rates of chronic diseases characteristic of countries in nutritional transition have been increasing. However, few studies have examined diet changes in recent decades. We analyzed dietary changes in Tianjin, China. The data in this descriptive, population-based study in ≥18-year-old adults were collected from three surveys from 1986 to 2011. Food consumption and nutrient intake were compared among the three surveys separately for urban and rural areas. Differences in food consumption between urban and rural areas in different periods were also shown. The consumption of cereals, vegetables, and oils decreased, and that of fruits and beans increased in both urban and rural areas. Moreover, the total consumption of animal foods, especially milk, increased (0.01% in 1986–1988; 1.72% in 2008–2011) in rural areas. Although milk consumption also increased in urban areas, consumption of other animal foods decreased (19.33% in 1986–1988; 13.74% in 2008–2011). Meanwhile, cereals consumption rebounded from 22.63% in 2000–2004 to 29.75% in 2008–2011. Moreover, the lack of dairy products and some nutrients, e.g., retinol, calcium, and dietary fiber (<80% of recommended nutrient intake), in the diet persisted in both urban and rural areas. In conclusion, differences in diet between urban and rural areas decreased over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070 Tianjin, China.
| | - Yuntang Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070 Tianjin, China.
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070 Tianjin, China.
| | - Meilin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070 Tianjin, China.
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070 Tianjin, China.
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19
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Burggraf C, Teuber R, Brosig S, Glauben T. Economic growth and the demand for dietary quality: Evidence from Russia during transition. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2015; 19:184-203. [PMID: 26469973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of nutrition-related chronic diseases worldwide has raised people's awareness of dietary quality. Most existing studies on the topic of changing nutrition patterns measure dietary quality by single macronutrient indicators or anthropometric outcomes. However, such an approach is often too narrow to provide a picture of overall dietary quality and is sometimes even misleading. This study contributes to the existing literature by taking into account that the analysis of dietary quality comprises two dimensions: the adequate intake of vitamins and minerals, as well as the moderate intake of nutrients that increase the risk of chronic diseases. Thereby, we apply Grossman's health investment model to the analysis of the demand for dietary quality, explicitly addressing the different dimensions of dietary quality and the intertemporal character of health investments. We apply our approach to Russia using data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey from 1996 to 2008. Our results show that intake levels of vitamins and minerals as well as saturated and total fatty acids increased after 1998 along with economic recovery, while the intake of fiber decreased. Our econometric results imply an income elasticity of vitamins and minerals of 0.051, and an income elasticity of fats of 0.073. Overall, our results are in line with an ongoing nutrition transition in the Russian Federation, which is marked by decreasing deficiencies in vitamins and minerals, as well as the increasing consumption of fats with its accompanying negative health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Burggraf
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Theodor-Lieser Street 2, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Ramona Teuber
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 25, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Stephan Brosig
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Theodor-Lieser Street 2, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Glauben
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Theodor-Lieser Street 2, Halle (Saale), Germany
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20
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Assiri AMA, Kamel HFM. Evaluation of diagnostic and predictive value of serum adipokines: Leptin, resistin and visfatin in postmenopausal breast cancer. Obes Res Clin Pract 2015; 10:442-53. [PMID: 26388139 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a well-known risk factor for cancer. The associations of obesity with postmenopausal breast cancer (PBC) have been previously proven in clinical studies. The mechanisms underlying these associations remain unexplained completely, however, adipose tissue as an endocrine organ producing adipokines may interfere with cancer development. The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic and predictive value of serum levels of leptin, resistin and visfatin with inflammatory and tumour markers in relation to anthropometrics, clinicopathological features of PBC. This study included 298 postmenopausal Saudi females categorised into three groups. One hundred and ten BC patients with age matched, 89 healthy control (HC) and 99 females with benign breast lesion (BBL). For all subjects CA15-3, hsCRP, resistin, visfatin and leptin were measured by ELISA. Serum levels of leptin, resistin and visfatin were significantly higher in BC compared to BBL and HC groups (p<0.05). Their levels were also significantly higher in advanced TNM stage, tumour size, LN invasion, histological grade and negative ER or PR cases. The most significant predictor of leptin level was ER (p<0.05). While for resistin and visfatin level the most significant independent predictor was LN invasion. ROC analysis for serum leptin revealed AUC=0.795; 95% CI, 0.724-0.866. Resistin showed AUC=0.875; 95% CI, 0.821-0.928. Meanwhile, visfatin greater than 12.2ng/mL demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 97.6% and 92.6%, respectively and AUC=0.724; 95% CI, 0.643-0.804. In conclusion serum leptin, resistin, and visfatin levels could be considered of potential diagnostic value for PBC and they would be independent predictors of LN invasion and ER negative PBC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel M A Assiri
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala F M Kamel
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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21
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Park MK, Park JY, Nicolas G, Paik HY, Kim J, Slimani N. Adapting a standardised international 24 h dietary recall methodology (GloboDiet software) for research and dietary surveillance in Korea. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:1810-8. [PMID: 25899045 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515000987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, a rapid nutritional transition has been observed along with economic growth in the Republic of Korea. Since this dramatic change in diet has been frequently associated with cancer and other non-communicable diseases, dietary monitoring is essential to understand the association. Benefiting from pre-existing standardised dietary methodologies, the present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and describe the development of a Korean version of the international computerised 24 h dietary recall method (GloboDiet software) and its complementary tools, developed at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), WHO. Following established international Standard Operating Procedures and guidelines, about seventy common and country-specific databases on foods, recipes, dietary supplements, quantification methods and coefficients were customised and translated. The main results of the present study highlight the specific adaptations made to adapt the GloboDiet software for research and dietary surveillance in Korea. New (sub-) subgroups were added into the existing common food classification, and new descriptors were added to the facets to classify and describe specific Korean foods. Quantification methods were critically evaluated and adapted considering the foods and food packages available in the Korean market. Furthermore, a picture book of foods/dishes was prepared including new pictures and food portion sizes relevant to Korean diet. The development of the Korean version of GloboDiet demonstrated that it was possible to adapt the IARC-WHO international dietary tool to an Asian context without compromising its concept of standardisation and software structure. It, thus, confirms that this international dietary methodology, used so far only in Europe, is flexible and robust enough to be customised for other regions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Park
- Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer,150 Cours Albert Thomas,69372Lyon,France
| | - Jin Young Park
- Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer,150 Cours Albert Thomas,69372Lyon,France
| | - Geneviève Nicolas
- Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer,150 Cours Albert Thomas,69372Lyon,France
| | - Hee Young Paik
- Department of Food and Nutrition,Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University,1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu,Seoul151-742,Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Centre,323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si,Gyeonggi-do410-769,Republic of Korea
| | - Nadia Slimani
- Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer,150 Cours Albert Thomas,69372Lyon,France
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Abstract
Multigenic disease development is dependent on both missing and overactivated pathways, just as the homeostasis of our body systems is the product of many complex, redundant mechanisms. The goal of finding a common factor in the disease pathogenesis is difficult, as genetic and pathophysiological data are still incomplete, and the individual variability is enormous. Nevertheless, the examination of the role of human microbiota in illnesses using animal models of human diseases reared in defined (gnotobiotic) conditions could allow insight into the unusual complexity of the mechanisms involved in the initiation and maintenance of chronic diseases, including cancer. Although the most important findings in this fascinating field are still to come, a hypothesis, which is more than speculative, can be made, as it is clear that our bacterial companions affect our fates more than previously assumed.
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Cardinal P, André C, Quarta C, Bellocchio L, Clark S, Elie M, Leste-Lasserre T, Maitre M, Gonzales D, Cannich A, Pagotto U, Marsicano G, Cota D. CB1 cannabinoid receptor in SF1-expressing neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus determines metabolic responses to diet and leptin. Mol Metab 2014; 3:705-16. [PMID: 25352999 PMCID: PMC4209357 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility allows rapid adaptation to dietary change, however, little is known about the CNS mechanisms regulating this process. Neurons in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN) participate in energy balance and are the target of the metabolically relevant hormone leptin. Cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptors are expressed in VMN neurons, but the specific contribution of endocannabinoid signaling in this neuronal population to energy balance regulation is unknown. Here we demonstrate that VMN CB1 receptors regulate metabolic flexibility and actions of leptin. In chow-fed mice, conditional deletion of CB1 in VMN neurons (expressing the steroidogenic factor 1, SF1) decreases adiposity by increasing sympathetic activity and lipolysis, and facilitates metabolic effects of leptin. Conversely, under high-fat diet, lack of CB1 in VMN neurons produces leptin resistance, blunts peripheral use of lipid substrates and increases adiposity. Thus, CB1 receptors in VMN neurons provide a molecular switch adapting the organism to dietary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Cardinal
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline André
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Carmelo Quarta
- Endocrinology Unit and Centro Unificato di Ricerca BioMedica Applicata, Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Samantha Clark
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Melissa Elie
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Thierry Leste-Lasserre
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marlene Maitre
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Delphine Gonzales
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Astrid Cannich
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Endocrinology Unit and Centro Unificato di Ricerca BioMedica Applicata, Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniela Cota
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France ; University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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24
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Wang Z, Uchida K, Ohnaka K, Morita M, Toyomura K, Kono S, Ueki T, Tanaka M, Kakeji Y, Maehara Y, Okamura T, Ikejiri K, Futami K, Maekawa T, Yasunami Y, Takenaka K, Ichimiya H, Terasaka R. Sugars, sucrose and colorectal cancer risk: the Fukuoka colorectal cancer study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:581-8. [PMID: 24716480 PMCID: PMC4025586 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2013.822091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A diet high in sugars may promote colorectal carcinogenesis, but it remains uncertain whether high intake of sugars or sucrose confers increased risk of colorectal cancer. The authors investigated the associations of sugars and sucrose intake with colorectal cancer risk in a community-based case-control study in Japan. METHODS The study subjects comprised 816 incident cases of colorectal cancer and 815 community controls. Consumption frequencies and portion sizes of 148 food and beverage items were ascertained by a computer-assisted interview. The authors used the consumption of 29 food items to estimate sugars and sucrose intake. The odds ratios of colorectal cancer risk according to intake categories were obtained using a logistic regression model with adjustment for potential confounding variables. RESULTS Overall, intakes of sugars and sucrose were not related to colorectal cancer risk either in men or women. The association between sugars intake and colorectal cancer risk differed by smoking status and alcohol use in men, but not in women. In men, sugars intake tended to be associated with colorectal cancer risk inversely among never-smokers and positively among male ever-smokers (interaction p=0.01). Sugars intake was associated with an increased risk among men with no alcohol consumption, but was unrelated to the risk among male alcohol drinkers (interaction p=0.02). Body mass index did not modify the association with sugars intake in either men or women. CONCLUSION Sugars intake was associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer among smokers and non-alcohol drinkers in men selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Uchida
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Nakamura Gakuen University Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keizo Ohnaka
- Departments of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makiko Morita
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kengo Toyomura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Suminori Kono
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueki
- Departments of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masao Tanaka
- Departments of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Departments of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Departments of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Ikejiri
- Division of Surgery, National Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kitaroh Futami
- Department of Surgery, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino-shi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Maekawa
- Department of Surgery, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino-shi, Japan
| | - Yohichi Yasunami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Takenaka
- Division of Surgery, Fukuoka City Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichimiya
- Division of Surgery, Hamanomachi General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Reiji Terasaka
- Division of Surgery, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Binder E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Elie M, Leste-Lasserre T, Belluomo I, Clark S, Duchampt A, Mithieux G, Cota D. Leucine supplementation modulates fuel substrates utilization and glucose metabolism in previously obese mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:713-20. [PMID: 23894080 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-protein diets favor weight loss and its maintenance. Whether these effects might be recapitulated by certain amino acids is unknown. Therefore, the impact of leucine supplementation on energy balance and associated metabolic changes in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice during and after weight loss was investigated. METHODS DIO C57BL/6J mice were fed a normocaloric diet to induce weight loss while receiving or not the amino acid leucine in drinking water. Body weight, food intake, body composition, energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, insulin, and leptin sensitivity were evaluated. Q-PCR analysis was performed on muscle, brown and white adipose tissues. RESULTS DIO mice decreased body weight and fat mass in response to chow, but supplementation with leucine did not affect these parameters. During weight maintenance, mice supplemented with leucine had improved glucose tolerance, increased leptin sensitivity, and lower respiratory quotient. The latter was associated with changes in the expression of several genes modulating fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial activity in the epididymal white and the brown adipose tissues, but not muscle. CONCLUSIONS Leucine supplementation might represent an adjuvant beneficial nutritional therapy during weight loss and maintenance, because it improves lipid and glucose metabolism and restores leptin sensitivity in previously obese animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Binder
- NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France; NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Université de Bordeaux, U862, Bordeaux, France
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26
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Food-derived bioactive peptides on inflammation and oxidative stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:608979. [PMID: 24527452 PMCID: PMC3914560 DOI: 10.1155/2014/608979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer are now the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammatory processes and oxidative stress underlie the pathogenesis of these pathological conditions. Bioactive peptides derived from food proteins have been evaluated for various beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this review, we summarize the roles of various food-derived bioactive peptides in inflammation and oxidative stress and discuss the potential benefits and limitations of using these compounds against the burden of chronic diseases.
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27
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Binder E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, André C, Elie M, Romero-Zerbo SY, Leste-Lasserre T, Belluomo L, Duchampt A, Clark S, Aubert A, Mezzullo M, Fanelli F, Pagotto U, Layé S, Mithieux G, Cota D. Leucine supplementation protects from insulin resistance by regulating adiposity levels. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74705. [PMID: 24086364 PMCID: PMC3783457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leucine supplementation might have therapeutic potential in preventing diet-induced obesity and improving insulin sensitivity. However, the underlying mechanisms are at present unclear. Additionally, it is unclear whether leucine supplementation might be equally efficacious once obesity has developed. Methodology/Principal Findings Male C57BL/6J mice were fed chow or a high-fat diet (HFD), supplemented or not with leucine for 17 weeks. Another group of HFD-fed mice (HFD-pairfat group) was food restricted in order to reach an adiposity level comparable to that of HFD-Leu mice. Finally, a third group of mice was exposed to HFD for 12 weeks before being chronically supplemented with leucine. Leucine supplementation in HFD-fed mice decreased body weight and fat mass by increasing energy expenditure, fatty acid oxidation and locomotor activity in vivo. The decreased adiposity in HFD-Leu mice was associated with increased expression of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP-3) in the brown adipose tissue, better insulin sensitivity, increased intestinal gluconeogenesis and preservation of islets of Langerhans histomorphology and function. HFD-pairfat mice had a comparable improvement in insulin sensitivity, without changes in islets physiology or intestinal gluconeogenesis. Remarkably, both HFD-Leu and HFD-pairfat mice had decreased hepatic lipid content, which likely helped improve insulin sensitivity. In contrast, when leucine was supplemented to already obese animals, no changes in body weight, body composition or glucose metabolism were observed. Conclusions/Significance These findings suggest that leucine improves insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed mice by primarily decreasing adiposity, rather than directly acting on peripheral target organs. However, beneficial effects of leucine on intestinal gluconeogenesis and islets of Langerhans's physiology might help prevent type 2 diabetes development. Differently, metabolic benefit of leucine supplementation is lacking in already obese animals, a phenomenon possibly related to the extent of the obesity before starting the supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Binder
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francisco J. Bermúdez-Silva
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- IBIMA-Hospital Carlos Haya, Laboratorio de Investigación, Malaga, Spain
| | - Caroline André
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
| | - Melissa Elie
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
| | - Silvana Y. Romero-Zerbo
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- IBIMA-Hospital Carlos Haya, Laboratorio de Investigación, Malaga, Spain
| | - Thierry Leste-Lasserre
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
| | - llaria Belluomo
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
| | - Adeline Duchampt
- INSERM, U855, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Samantha Clark
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
| | - Agnes Aubert
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marco Mezzullo
- Endocrinology Unit and Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata, Department of Clinical Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Flaminia Fanelli
- Endocrinology Unit and Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata, Department of Clinical Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Endocrinology Unit and Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata, Department of Clinical Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sophie Layé
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gilles Mithieux
- INSERM, U855, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Daniela Cota
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U862, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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28
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Kac G, Pérez-Escamilla R. Nutrition transition and obesity prevention through the life-course. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY SUPPLEMENTS 2013; 3:S6-8. [PMID: 27152157 DOI: 10.1038/ijosup.2013.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to discuss concepts regarding the nutrition transition (NT), the several stages it has encompassed over human history, dietary shifts it is associated with and its implications to the life-course approach for obesity prevention. NT is a phenomenon characterized by an inversion of the nutrition profile, that is, an increase in obesity and a reduction in undernutrition. Obesity and associated chronic diseases are the most important expressions of NT today. Some important dietary changes happened in the last decades as a result of the complex determinants of NT, such as urbanization, the economic growth dynamic, cultural and behavioral shifts. The NT has involved an increased consumption of caloric beverages, ultra-processed products, animal foods, edible oils and soft drinks, accompanied by a significant reduction in the consumption of fruits, vegetables, pulses and milk. Global obesity prevalence increased from 4.8% in 1980 to 9.8% in 2008 for men, and from 7.9% in 1980 to 13.8% in 2008 for women, representing 205 million men and 297 million women with obesity and 1.46 billion with overweight in 2008. The context of the NT needs to be taken into account when developing effective obesity prevention strategies across the life-course.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kac
- Observatório de Epidemiologia Nutricional, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Pan American Health and Education Foundation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - R Pérez-Escamilla
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Pan American Health and Education Foundation, Washington, DC, USA
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Barquera S, Campos-Nonato I, Aguilar-Salinas C, Lopez-Ridaura R, Arredondo A, Rivera-Dommarco J. Diabetes in Mexico: cost and management of diabetes and its complications and challenges for health policy. Global Health 2013; 9:3. [PMID: 23374611 PMCID: PMC3599194 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8603-9-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mexico has been experiencing some of the most rapid shifts ever recorded in dietary and physical activity patterns leading to obesity. Diabetes mellitus has played a crucial role causing nearly 14% of all deaths. We wanted to make a comprehensive study of the role of diabetes in terms of burden of disease, prevalence, cost of diabetes, cost of complications and health policy. METHOD We review the quantitative data that provides evidence of the extent to which the Mexican health economy is affected by the disease and its complications. We then discuss the current situation of diabetes in Mexico with experts in the field. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes from 1994 to 2006 with rising direct costs (2006: outpatient USD$ 717,764,787, inpatient USD$ 223,581,099) and indirect costs (2005: USD$ 177,220,390), and rising costs of complications (2010: Retinopathy USD$ 10,323,421; Cardiovascular disease USD$ 12,843,134; Nephropathy USD$ 81,814,501; Neuropathy USD$ 2,760,271; Peripheral vascular disease USD$ 2,042,601). The health policy focused on screening and the creation of self-support groups across the country. CONCLUSIONS The increasing diabetes mortality and lack of control among diagnosed patients make quality of treatment a major concern in Mexico. The growing prevalence of childhood and adult obesity and the metabolic syndrome suggest that the situation could be even worse in the coming years. The government has reacted strongly with national actions to address the growing burden posed by diabetes. However our research suggests that the prevalence and mortality of diabetes will continue to rise in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Barquera
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad No. 655. Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, CP. 62508, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ismael Campos-Nonato
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad No. 655. Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, CP. 62508, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Carlos Aguilar-Salinas
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, D.F, Mexico
| | - Ruy Lopez-Ridaura
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad No. 655. Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, CP. 62508, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Armando Arredondo
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad No. 655. Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, CP. 62508, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Juan Rivera-Dommarco
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad No. 655. Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Mor, CP. 62508, Mexico, Mexico
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30
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Rudat V, Birido N, Tuwaijri S, Al-Abbadi MA. Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer Risk: A Retrospective Multi-Institutional Analysis in Saudi Arabia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/abcr.2013.21002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Daimiel L, Vargas T, Ramírez de Molina A. Nutritional genomics for the characterization of the effect of bioactive molecules in lipid metabolism and related pathways. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2266-89. [PMID: 22887150 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Thus, investigators have focused their efforts on gaining insight into understanding the mechanisms involved in the development and evolution of these diseases. In the past decade, and with the contribution of the -omics technologies, strong evidence has supported an essential role of gene-nutrient interactions in these processes, pointing at natural bioactive molecules as promising complementary agents that are useful in preventing or mitigating these diseases. In addition, alterations in lipid metabolism have recently gained strong interest since they have been described as a common event required for the progression of both diseases. In the present review, we give an overview of lipid metabolism, mainly focusing on lipoprotein metabolism and the mechanisms controlling lipid homeostasis. In addition, we review the modulation of lipid metabolism by bioactive molecules, highlighting their potential use as therapeutic agents in preventing, and treating chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Finally, we report the usefulness of the -omics technologies in nutritional research, focusing on recent findings, within nutritional genomics, in the interaction of bioactive components from foods with several genes that are involved in the development and progression of these diseases.
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Wagner KH, Brath H. A global view on the development of non communicable diseases. Prev Med 2012; 54 Suppl:S38-41. [PMID: 22178469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
For a long time non communicable diseases (NCDs) were discussed as burden of the developed world. Recent alarming data show a reverse trend and a dramatic increase of NCDs in the developing world, in particular in highly populated transition countries. This is true for the main mortality triggering diseases such as CVD, cancer or diabetes. Almost 4 out of 5 NCD based deaths happen in low- and middle income countries. This development is multi-factorial and is based on some main trends such as globalization, supermarket growth, rapid urbanization and increasingly sedentary lifestyles. The latter leads to overweight or obesity, which again promotes NCDs similar as high blood pressure, high cholesterol and elevated blood glucose. A high quality diet including functional food or functional ingredients, accompanied by physical activity and a non-smoking policy, is one of the most promising factors in primary and secondary prevention of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Emerging Field Oxidative Stress and DNA Stability, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Reuben SC, Gopalan A, Petit DM, Bishayee A. Modulation of angiogenesis by dietary phytoconstituents in the prevention and intervention of breast cancer. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 56:14-29. [PMID: 22125182 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths for women in the United States and the rest of the world. About 8% of women develop breast cancer during the course of their lives. Dietary habits are closely associated with both the risk and progression of breast cancer. Dietary agents have accumulated increasing importance with regards to the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. One such manner by which these compounds can target breast cancer development and progression is through interference with the angiogenic pathways. Angiogenesis is an intricate process that involves the development of new capillaries from previously existing blood vessels. Disruption of this pathway, therefore, provides a novel and effective avenue for therapeutic intervention of breast cancer. Various phytochemicals found in the diet kill breast cancer cells in vitro and prevent as well as suppress breast cancer progression in various preclinical animal models. This review examines the value of dietary phytoconstituents in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer through modulation of the intricate and complex process of angiogenesis. In addition, the potential benefits, challenges, and future directions of research on anti-angiogenic dietary phytochemicals in the prevention and intervention of breast cancer are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Reuben
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
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Croteau-Chonka DC, Marvelle AF, Lange EM, Lee NR, Adair LS, Lange LA, Mohlke KL. Genome-wide association study of anthropometric traits and evidence of interactions with age and study year in Filipino women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011; 19:1019-27. [PMID: 20966902 PMCID: PMC3046220 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2010.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Increased values of multiple adiposity-related anthropometric traits are important risk factors for many common complex diseases. We performed a genome-wide association (GWA) study for four quantitative traits related to body size and adiposity (BMI, weight, waist circumference, and height) in a cohort of 1,792 adult Filipino women from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS). This is the first GWA study of anthropometric traits in Filipinos, a population experiencing a rapid transition into a more obesogenic environment. In addition to identifying suggestive evidence of additional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association signals (P < 10(-5)), we replicated (P < 0.05, same direction of additive effect) associations previously reported in European populations of both BMI and weight with MC4R and FTO, of BMI with BDNF, and of height with EFEMP1, ZBTB38, and NPPC, but none with waist circumference. We also replicated loci reported in Japanese or Korean populations as associated with BMI (OTOL1) and height (HIST1H1PS2, C14orf145, GPC5). A difference in local linkage disequilibrium (LD) between European and Asian populations suggests a narrowed association region for BDNF, while still including a proposed functional nonsynonymous amino acid substitution variant (rs6265, Val66Met). Finally, we observed significant evidence (P < 0.0042) for age-by-genotype interactions influencing BMI for rs17782313 (MC4R) and rs9939609 (FTO), and for a study year-by-genotype interaction for rs4923461 (BDNF). Our results show that several genetic risk factors are associated with anthropometric traits in Filipinos and provide further insight into the effects of BDNF, FTO, and MC4R on BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien C. Croteau-Chonka
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Training Program, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Amanda F. Marvelle
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nanette R. Lee
- Office of Population Studies Foundation Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Linda S. Adair
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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Lanou AJ, Svenson B. Reduced cancer risk in vegetarians: an analysis of recent reports. Cancer Manag Res 2010; 3:1-8. [PMID: 21407994 PMCID: PMC3048091 DOI: 10.2147/cmr.s6910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This report reviews current evidence regarding the relationship between vegetarian eating patterns and cancer risk. Although plant-based diets including vegetarian and vegan diets are generally considered to be cancer protective, very few studies have directly addressed this question. Most large prospective observational studies show that vegetarian diets are at least modestly cancer protective (10%-12% reduction in overall cancer risk) although results for specific cancers are less clear. No long-term randomized clinical trials have been conducted to address this relationship. However, a broad body of evidence links specific plant foods such as fruits and vegetables, plant constituents such as fiber, antioxidants and other phytochemicals, and achieving and maintaining a healthy weight to reduced risk of cancer diagnosis and recurrence. Also, research links the consumption of meat, especially red and processed meats, to increased risk of several types of cancer. Vegetarian and vegan diets increase beneficial plant foods and plant constituents, eliminate the intake of red and processed meat, and aid in achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. The direct and indirect evidence taken together suggests that vegetarian diets are a useful strategy for reducing risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Joy Lanou
- Department of Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina Asheville, Asheville, NC, USA
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Hyatt Neville B, Merrill RM, Kumpfer KL. Longitudinal Outcomes of a Comprehensive, Incentivized Worksite Wellness Program. Eval Health Prof 2010; 34:103-23. [DOI: 10.1177/0163278710379222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated health benefits of long-term participation in an employer-based wellness program, focusing on selected chronic disease risk factors. A repeated measures longitudinal time-series study was conducted of 8 years of existing prospectively collected annual data, including clinical measures of weight, blood pressure, cholesterol, and body fat percent. Participants were divided into their risk levels at baseline. Outcomes were compared to level of participation, for which annual points earned was a surrogate. Participants had lower increases in body mass index (BMI) than the general population had during the same time period. Greatest improvements in BMI, blood pressure, and cholesterol were seen in those at highest risk levels at baseline and in those whose physical activity increased over time. It was found that long-term participation in this program improved BMI, blood pressure, and cholesterol. Most benefits were found for those in high-risk groups. This program should recruit more employees in high health risk categories and emphasize retention and increased levels of participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Hyatt Neville
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA,
| | - Ray M. Merrill
- Department of Health Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Karol L. Kumpfer
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Bovell-Benjamin A, Dawkins N, Pace R, Shikany JM. Dietary consumption practices and cancer risk in African Americans in the rural South. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2010; 21:57-75. [PMID: 20675946 PMCID: PMC5404889 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.0.0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the dietary consumption practices of a sample of African Americans in the rural South. A qualitative research design involving a cross-sectional food diary was utilized. Complete datasets were collected from 114 participants, 66% female, between the ages of 19 and 79 years. The consumption of a variety of fruits, non-starchy vegetables and unprocessed cereals in daily meals was low in this sample. Frequent consumption of fried foods; fast foods; sugary, carbonated beverages; processed, high-fat and high-sodium foods; and low fruit and non-starchy vegetable intake were evident. The findings are crucial to the development for culturally-specific nutrition education intervention programs for African Americans in the rural South targeted at the modification of not only diet, but food preparation methods to reduce cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelia Bovell-Benjamin
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA.
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Granci V, Dupertuis YM, Pichard C. Angiogenesis as a potential target of pharmaconutrients in cancer therapy. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2010; 13:417-22. [PMID: 20453647 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0b013e3283392656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review is to provide insight into tumor angiogenesis inhibition by pharmaconutrients through description of the most relevant and recent findings in cancer research. RECENT FINDINGS Cancer growth needs oxygen and nutrients supplied through blood vessels to the tumor site. New vessel formation named angiogenesis can be prevented to avoid cancer invasion. Epidemiological studies suggested that specific food intakes could decrease incidence of many cancers. Recently, scientists were interested in the potential antitumor effects of nutrients because of their safety and general acceptance. Many excellent publications demonstrated that a large class of natural compounds including pharmaconutrients exhibits antitumoral activities in selected cancer types. This review focuses on the antiangiogenic role of natural products in cancer treatment, used alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy. SUMMARY There is strong evidence that natural diets influence cancer development by modulating signaling pathways. Our goal is to highlight the specific impact of specific nutrients in the modulation of vascular network leading to tumor angiogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Granci
- Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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Zhang X, Albanes D, Beeson WL, van den Brandt PA, Buring JE, Flood A, Freudenheim JL, Giovannucci EL, Goldbohm RA, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Jacobs EJ, Krogh V, Larsson SC, Marshall JR, McCullough ML, Miller AB, Robien K, Rohan TE, Schatzkin A, Sieri S, Spiegelman D, Virtamo J, Wolk A, Willett WC, Zhang SM, Smith-Warner SA. Risk of colon cancer and coffee, tea, and sugar-sweetened soft drink intake: pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 102:771-83. [PMID: 20453203 PMCID: PMC2879415 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between coffee, tea, and sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink consumption and colon cancer risk remain unresolved. METHODS We investigated prospectively the association between coffee, tea, and sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink consumption and colon cancer risk in a pooled analysis of primary data from 13 cohort studies. Among 731 441 participants followed for up to 6-20 years, 5604 incident colon cancer case patients were identified. Study-specific relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models and then pooled using a random-effects model. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Compared with nonconsumers, the pooled multivariable relative risks were 1.07 (95% CI = 0.89 to 1.30, P(trend) = .68) for coffee consumption greater than 1400 g/d (about six 8-oz cups) and 1.28 (95% CI = 1.02 to 1.61, P(trend) = .01) for tea consumption greater than 900 g/d (about four 8-oz cups). For sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink consumption, the pooled multivariable relative risk comparing consumption greater than 550 g/d (about 18 oz) to nonconsumers was 0.94 (95% CI = 0.66 to 1.32, P(trend) = .91). No statistically significant between-studies heterogeneity was observed for the highest category of each beverage consumed (P > .20). The observed associations did not differ by sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, or tumor site (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Drinking coffee or sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drinks was not associated with colon cancer risk. However, a modest positive association with higher tea consumption is possible and requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Brait M, Ford JG, Papaiahgari S, Garza MA, Lee JI, Loyo M, Maldonado L, Begum S, McCaffrey L, Howerton M, Sidransky D, Emerson MR, Ahmed S, Williams CD, Hoque MO. Association between lifestyle factors and CpG island methylation in a cancer-free population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:2984-91. [PMID: 19861513 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many risk factors have been associated with cancer, such as age, family history, race, smoking, high-fat diet, and poor nutrition. It is important to reveal the molecular changes related to risk factors that could facilitate early detection, prevention, and overall control of cancer. METHODS We selected six cancer-specific methylated genes that have previously been reported in primary tumors and have also been detected in different bodily fluids of cancer patients. Here, we used quantitative fluorogenic real-time methylation-specific PCR in plasma DNA samples for the detection of methylation changes from an asymptomatic population who do not have any known cancer. RESULTS The promoter methylation frequencies of the studied genes were as follows: APC (7%), CCND2 (22%), GSTP1 (2%), MGMT (9%), RARbeta2 (29%), and P16 (3%). Promoter methylation of at least one of the genes analyzed was observed in approximately 46% (72 of 157) of the samples by binary dichotomization. Promoter hypermethylation of at least two genes was detected in 17% (26 of 157) of the samples. RARbeta2 methylation was observed in 45% of subjects who had a high-fat diet in contrast with those who had a low-fat diet (23%; P = 0.007). DISCUSSION Our findings may help to elucidate early methylation changes that may lead to cancer development. These methylation changes could be due to exposure to risk factors and may be useful for cancer prevention measures such as changes in lifestyle. Longitudinal follow-up of a high-risk population is needed to understand the association of methylation of candidate genes in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Brait
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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Popkin BM. What can public health nutritionists do to curb the epidemic of nutrition-related noncommunicable disease? Nutr Rev 2009; 67 Suppl 1:S79-82. [PMID: 19453685 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Popkin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-3997, USA.
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Psychological distress and dietary patterns in eight post-Soviet republics. Appetite 2009; 53:24-33. [PMID: 19394381 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between psychological distress and dietary consumption patterns in the former Soviet Union. Data are cross-sectional and were collected in 2001 from a large representative sample (n = 18,428) of respondents age 18 years and over in eight former Soviet republics. Sociodemographic covariates and psychological distress predictors were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression models to estimate multivariate correlations with the frequency of meat, fish, vegetable, fruit, and animal fat consumption among men and women in these eight regions. Results show that psychological distress exhibits statistically significant, negative associations with all dietary consumption indicators for both men and women. Social class predictors display consistent positive correlations with food consumption outcomes, emphasizing the potential importance of this concept in the dynamic relationship between diet and psychological distress. Higher reported levels of psychological distress are associated with the less frequent consumption of all types of food products in this analysis. Several possible interpretations are discussed, and we explore the probable multidimensional theoretical mechanisms that can help explain the complex relationships among distress, food insecurity, and dietary patterns in these eight republics of the former USSR. The general and practical significance of these findings is also discussed, along with suggested directions for future research and potential dietary intervention strategies.
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Increasing incidence and decreasing mortality of colorectal cancer due to marked cohort effects in southern Netherlands. Eur J Cancer Prev 2009; 18:145-52. [DOI: 10.1097/cej.0b013e32831362e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The "style of life is the unique way in which individuals try to realize their fictional final goal and meet or avoid the three main tasks of life: work, community, love" (Alfred Adler, founder of the Individual Psychology). Lifestyle refers to the way individuals live their lives and how they handle problems and interpersonal relations. The lifestyle behaviours associated to oral cancer with convincing evidence are tobacco use, betel quid chewing, alcohol drinking, low fruit and vegetable consumption (the detrimental lifestyle is high fat and/or sugar intake, resulting in low fruit and/or vegetable intake). Worldwide, 25% of oral cancers are attributable to tobacco usage (smoking and/or chewing), 7-19% to alcohol drinking, 10-15% to micronutrient deficiency, more than 50% to betel quid chewing in areas of high chewing prevalence. Carcinogenicity is dose-dependent and magnified by multiple exposures. Conversely, low and single exposures do not significantly increase oral cancer risk. These behaviours have common characteristics: (i) they are widespread: one billion men, 250 million women smoke cigarettes, 600-1200 million people chew betel quid, two billion consume alcohol, unbalanced diet is common amongst developed and developing countries; (ii) they were already used by animals and human forerunners millions of years ago because they were essential to overcome conditions such as cold, hunger, famine; their use was seasonal and limited by low availability, in contrast with the pattern of consumption of the modern era, characterized by routine, heavy usage, for recreational activities and with multiple exposures; (iii) their consumption in small doses is not recognized as detrimental by the human body and activates the dopaminergic reward system of the brain, thus giving instant pleasure, "liking" (overconsumption) and "wanting" (craving). For these reasons, effective Public Health measures aimed at preventing oral cancer and other lifestyle-related conditions fail to realize their final goal to eradicate these lifestyles. Following Adler's theory and the principles of the "Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion", conditions such as education, sustainable resources, social justice, and equity must be satisfied before the implementation of physical health promotion campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Petti
- Department of Public Health Sciences G. Sanarelli, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Ng SW, Norton EC, Popkin BM. Why have physical activity levels declined among Chinese adults? Findings from the 1991-2006 China Health and Nutrition Surveys. Soc Sci Med 2009; 68:1305-14. [PMID: 19232811 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Between 1991 and 2006, average weekly physical activity among adults in China fell by 32%. This paper discusses why total and occupational physical activity levels have fallen, and models the association between the rapid decline and various dimensions of exogenous community urbanization. We hypothesize that a) physical activity levels are negatively associated with urbanization; b) urbanization domains that affect job functions and opportunities will contribute most to changes in physical activity levels; and c) these urbanization domains will be more strongly associated for men than for women because home activities account for a larger proportion of physical activity for women. To test these hypotheses, we used longitudinal data from individuals aged 18-55 in the 1991-2006 China Health and Nutrition Surveys. We find that physical activity declines were strongly associated with greater availability of higher educational institutions, housing infrastructure, sanitation improvements and the economic wellbeing of the community in which people function. These urbanization factors predict more than four-fifths of the decline in occupational physical activity over the 1991-2006 period for men and nearly two-thirds of the decline for women. They are also associated with 57% of the decline in total physical activity for men and 40% of the decline for women. Intervention strategies to promote physical activity in the workplace, at home, for transit and via exercise should be considered a major health priority in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wen Ng
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7411, USA.
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Duffey KJ, Gordon-Larsen P, Ayala GX, Popkin BM. Birthplace is associated with more adverse dietary profiles for US-born than for foreign-born Latino adults. J Nutr 2008; 138:2428-35. [PMID: 19022968 DOI: 10.3945/jn.108.097105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to examine the association between ethnicity and birthplace and the percent of energy from selected food groups among Hispanics, the largest growing segment of the US population. We used data from NHANES 1999-2004, collected from Mexican (n = 3375) and other Hispanic (n = 622) adults (18 y and older), classified as foreign born (FB) or US born (USB). Using University of North Carolina's food-grouping system, we created 24 nutrient- and behavioral-based food groups. We examined percent consuming and per-consumer estimates using logistic and linear regression models, respectively. Predicted mean energy was estimated using marginal effect models. All models were controlled for gender, age, income, and education and were weighted to account for sampling design. FB Hispanics obtained more energy from food groups such as legumes, fruits, and low-fat/high-fiber breads, with differences accounted for by a greater percent consuming these foods rather than higher energy intake among consumers. Conversely, FB Hispanics consumed a lower percentage of energy from foods such as non-Mexican fast food and snacks and desserts. Speaking Spanish also was associated with greater consumption of legumes, rice, fruits, soups, and potatoes. Variation in diet may in part account for the difference in nutrition-related adverse health outcomes observed among USB Hispanics, particularly Mexicans. Targeted dietary interventions are needed to reduce health disparities associated with dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyah J Duffey
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
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Lemmens VEPP, Oenema A, Klepp KI, Henriksen HB, Brug J. A systematic review of the evidence regarding efficacy of obesity prevention interventions among adults. Obes Rev 2008; 9:446-55. [PMID: 18298429 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00468.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past, interventions aimed at reducing obesity have mainly targeted at weight loss treatment in obese adults, with limited long-term effects. With the increasing number of people being obese and being at risk for obesity, there has been a shift in focus towards prevention of obesity. We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature on the efficacy of obesity prevention interventions in adults in order to identify effective interventions and intervention elements. Pubmed, OVID, and Web of Science databases were searched from January 1996 to June 2006. Interventions aimed at primary prevention of weight gain among adults achieved by focusing on dietary intake, physical activity or the combination of both were included. The outcome measure had to be difference in change in body mass index or body weight between the intervention and the control groups. Nine studies were included, five long-term studies (at least 1 year) and four short-term (3 months to 1 year). Seven studies evaluated an intervention that focused on a combination of diet and physical activity to prevent weight gain, one on diet only and one on physical activity only. One dietary intervention (long-term), and three combined dietary and physical activity interventions (one long-term and two short-term) produced significantly positive results at end of follow-up. The two long-term, effective interventions consisted of intensive and long-term intervention implementation, including groups sessions designed to promote behavioural changes. The current evidence of efficacy of obesity prevention interventions is based on a very small number of studies. Some studies showed a positive impact on body mass index or weight status, but there was too much heterogeneity in terms of study design, theoretical underpinning and target population to draw firm conclusions about which intervention approaches are more effective than others. More research is urgently needed to extend the body of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E P P Lemmens
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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The role of hypothalamic mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling in diet-induced obesity. J Neurosci 2008; 28:7202-8. [PMID: 18614690 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1389-08.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is a key regulator of several cellular functions, including cell growth and differentiation. Because hypothalamic mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling has been implicated as a target of leptin in the regulation of energy balance, we investigated its role in obesity-induced leptin resistance. In contrast to rats maintained on a low-fat (LF) diet for 3 weeks, rats maintained on a high-fat (HF)-diet had no anorexic response to intracerebroventricular leptin. Western blot analysis revealed that leptin was unable to modulate hypothalamic mTORC1 signaling in the HF group, whereas it significantly induced phosphorylation of both S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and S6 ribosomal protein (S6) in the LF group. Similar to leptin, the cytokine ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) induces hypophagia and increases signal transduction activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation. However, CNTF and its analog CNTF(Ax15) activate leptin-like pathways in the hypothalamus, even in leptin-resistant states, including diet-induced obesity. Intracerebroventricular CNTF(Ax15) decreased 24 h food intake and body weight in rats on HF or LF diets and increased the phosphorylation of hypothalamic S6K1 and S6 in a comparable way in both diets. Importantly, mice lacking the expression of S6K1 (S6K1(-/-)) did not respond to the anorectic action of either leptin or CNTF(Ax15), implying a crucial role for S6K1 in modulating the actions of these two cytokines. Finally, exposure to HF diet decreased mTORC1 signaling within the hypothalamus. Overall, these findings point strongly to the possibility that reduced hypothalamic mTORC1 signaling contributes to the development of hyperphagia, weight gain, and leptin resistance during diet-induced obesity.
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Abstract
A host of dietary factors can influence various cellular processes and thereby potentially influence overall cancer risk and tumor behavior. In many cases, these factors suppress cancer by stimulating programmed cell death. However, death not only can follow the well-characterized type I apoptotic pathway but also can proceed by nonapoptotic modes such as type II (macroautophagy-related) and type III (necrosis) or combinations thereof. In contrast to apoptosis, the induction of macroautophagy may contribute to either the survival or death of cells in response to a stressor. This review highlights current knowledge and gaps in our understanding of the interactions among bioactive food constituents, autophagy, and cancer. Whereas a variety of food components including vitamin D, selenium, curcumin, resveratrol, and genistein have been shown to stimulate autophagy vacuolization, it is often difficult to determine if this is a protumorigenic or antitumorigenic response. Additional studies are needed to examine dose and duration of exposures and tissue specificity in response to bioactive food components in transgenic and knockout models to resolve the physiologic implications of early changes in the autophagy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Singletary
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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50
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Popkin BM. Will China's nutrition transition overwhelm its health care system and slow economic growth? Health Aff (Millwood) 2008; 27:1064-76. [PMID: 18607042 PMCID: PMC2447919 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.27.4.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid social and economic change is transforming China, with enormous implications for its population and economy. More than a fifth of China's adult population is overweight, related to changing dietary and physical activity patterns. Overweight and poor diets are becoming a greater burden for the poor than for the rich, with subsequent large increases in hypertension, stroke, and adult-onset diabetes. The related economic costs represent 4-8 percent of the economy. Public investments are needed to head off a huge increase in the morbidity, disability, absenteeism, and medical care costs linked with this nutritional shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Popkin
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
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