1
|
Gu P, Zhu Y, Xu P, Zhao Q, Zhao X, Zhao K, Wang X, Zhang W, Bao Y, Shi W. Poria cocos polysaccharide-loaded Alum Pickering emulsion as vaccine adjuvant to enhance immune responses. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 244:114144. [PMID: 39116600 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Alum adjuvants mainly elicit a Th2 humoral immune response, but fail to generate a robust Th1 cellular immune response. However, the cellular immune response is essential for vaccination against cancer and a number of chronic infectious diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection and tuberculosis. In our previous study, we demonstrated that the polysaccharide from Poria cocos (PCP) has the potential to serve as an immunologic stimulant, enhancing both humoral and cellular immune responses. However, this effect was only observed at high concentrations. In this study, to enhance the immune-stimulation effect of PCP and modify the type of immune response elicited by Alum adjuvant, we successfully developed a Pickering emulsion delivery system (PCP-Al-Pickering) using PCP-loaded Alhydrogel particles as the stabilizer. After optimization, the Pickering emulsion exhibited excellent storage capacity and effectively adsorbed the PCP and antigen. As an adjuvant delivery system, the PCP-Al-Pickering emulsion facilitated the antigen uptake by macrophages, increased the recruitment of cells at injection sites, improved the activation of dendritic cells in draining lymph nodes, elicited a potent and durable antibody response, and promoted the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Importantly, the PCP-Al-Pickering emulsion adjuvant elicited a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response, in comparison to Alum adjuvant. The PCP-Al-Pickering emulsion may serve as a safe and promising adjuvant delivery system to enhance immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yixuan Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Panpan Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xinghua Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Kuan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wuchao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yongzhan Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Hu K, Jian L, Duan Y, Zhang M, Kuang Y. Comparison between super-responders and non-super-responders in psoriasis under adalimumab treatment: a real-life cohort study on the effectiveness and drug survival over one-year. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2331782. [PMID: 38513258 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2331782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the characteristics and treatment outcomes of super-responders and non-super-responders in psoriasis under adalimumab treatment are limited. METHODS A retrospective analysis from psoriatic patients treated with adalimumab was compared to characterize super-responders vs non-super-responders' groups, identify factors associated with super response, and assess treatment outcomes after switching. RESULTS 15 out of 70 (21.4%) patients were categorized as super-responder. The proportion of patients achieving a PASI 100 response was significantly higher in super-responders than non-super-responders at weeks 12, 24, and 52. Female sex and Charlson Co-morbidity Index were significantly associated with super-responders. A high level of high-density lipoprotein was independently associated with PASI 90 response at weeks 24 and 52. Additionally, nearly 35%-43% of non-super-responders switching to interleukin-17A (IL-17A) inhibitors may achieve a PASI 100 response at week 12. In contrast, all super-responders switching to IL-17A inhibitors achieved a PASI 100 response at week 4. CONCLUSIONS Super-responders treated with adalimumab have a higher rate of being female and fewer comorbidities. And super-responders have better PASI responses than non-super-responders, whether the patients were treated with adalimumab or switched to IL-17A inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongfang Duan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yehong Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kooner HK, Wyszkiewicz PV, Matheson AM, McIntosh MJ, Abdelrazek M, Dhaliwal I, Nicholson JM, Kirby M, Svenningsen S, Parraga G. Chest CT Airway and Vascular Measurements in Females with COPD or Long-COVID. COPD 2024; 21:2394129. [PMID: 39221567 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2394129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Chest CT provides a way to quantify pulmonary airway and vascular tree measurements. In patients with COPD, CT airway measurement differences in females are concomitant with worse quality-of-life and other outcomes. CT total airway count (TAC), airway lumen area (LA), and wall thickness (WT) also differ in females with long-COVID. Our objective was to evaluate CT airway and pulmonary vascular and quality-of-life measurements in females with COPD as compared to ex-smokers and patients with long-COVID. Chest CT was acquired 3-months post-COVID-19 infection in females with long-COVID for comparison with the same inspiratory CT in female ex-smokers and COPD patients. TAC, LA, WT, and pulmonary vascular measurements were quantified. Linear regression models were adjusted for confounders including age, height, body-mass-index, lung volume, pack-years and asthma diagnosis. Twenty-one females (53 ± 14 years) with long-COVID, 17 female ex-smokers (69 ± 9 years) and 13 female COPD (67 ± 6 years) patients were evaluated. In the absence of differences in quality-of-life scores, females with long-COVID reported significantly different LA (p = 0.006) compared to ex-smokers but not COPD (p = 0.7); WT% was also different compared to COPD (p = 0.009) but not ex-smokers (p = 0.5). In addition, there was significantly greater pulmonary small vessel volume (BV5) in long-COVID as compared to female ex-smokers (p = 0.045) and COPD (p = 0.003) patients and different large (BV10) vessel volume as compared to COPD (p = 0.03). In females with long-COVID and highly abnormal quality-of-life scores, there was CT evidence of airway remodelling, similar to ex-smokers and patients with COPD, but there was no evidence of pulmonary vascular remodelling.Clinical Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT05014516 and NCT02279329.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harkiran K Kooner
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Paulina V Wyszkiewicz
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Alexander M Matheson
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Marrissa J McIntosh
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada
| | | | - Inderdeep Dhaliwal
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - J Michael Nicholson
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Miranda Kirby
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah Svenningsen
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University and Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Health Care, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Grace Parraga
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Essouma M, Noubiap JJ. Lupus and other autoimmune diseases: Epidemiology in the population of African ancestry and diagnostic and management challenges in Africa. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100288. [PMID: 39282618 PMCID: PMC11399606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are prevalent among people of African ancestry living outside Africa. However, the burden of autoimmune diseases in Africa is not well understood. This article provides a global overview of the current burden of autoimmune diseases in individuals of African descent. It also discusses the major factors contributing to autoimmune diseases in this population group, as well as the challenges involved in diagnosing and managing autoimmune diseases in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Essouma
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Cameroon
| | - Jean Jacques Noubiap
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kabakibo TS, Arnold E, Padhan K, Lemieux A, Ortega-Delgado GG, Routy JP, Shoukry N, Dubé M, Kaufmann DE. Artificial antigen-presenting cell system reveals CD28's role in modulating T cell functions during human immunodeficiency virus infection. iScience 2024; 27:110947. [PMID: 39381752 PMCID: PMC11460474 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell immune dysfunction is a prominent feature of chronic HIV infection. To evaluate non-specific dysfunction, a method involving both generic activation and T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation is necessary. We created a tunable artificial antigen-presenting cell (aAPC) system. This system consists of lipid bilayers on cytometry-compatible silica microbeads (5 μm). When only anti-CD3 is incorporated, T cell activation is limited. Introducing anti-CD28 agonists significantly elevates the cytokine expression and upregulation of activation-induced markers. CD28 co-stimulation modulates the response profile, preferentially promoting IL-2 expression relative to other cytokines. aAPCs-stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from untreated HIV-infected individuals exhibit altered effector functions and diminished CD28 dependence. These functions are skewed toward TNFα, IFNγ and CD107a, with reduced IL-2. Antiretroviral therapy partially normalizes this distorted profile in CD4+ T cells, but not in CD8+ T cells. Our findings show T cell intrinsic biases that may contribute to persistent systemic T cell dysfunction associated with HIV pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayma Shaaban Kabakibo
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Edwige Arnold
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kartika Padhan
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrée Lemieux
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Naglaa Shoukry
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel E. Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu J, Liu N, Zhu Y, Wang W, Fan X, Yuan X, Xu J, Zheng B, Luan L. Comparative study on the epidemiological characteristics and hazards of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus infections among elderly people. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:1129. [PMID: 39385082 PMCID: PMC11465698 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and infections of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza viruses in hospitalized elderly patients with respiratory tract infections in Suzhou City, China, and to compare the differences in clinical characteristics and economic burden associated with these two infections. METHODS In this prospective study, pathogenetic testing and clinical data for hospitalized patients aged 60 years and older with respiratory tract infections were collected in five hospitals through stratified cluster sampling from December 2023 to May 2024. Comparative study on epidemic characteristics, clinical features and costs of cases who infected RSV alone and influenza alone were conducted. RESULTS Among 1,894 cases included, the RSV positivity rate was 5.91% during the 2023-2024 winter-spring season, while the influenza positivity rate was 9.61%. RSV-B was the predominant subtype of RSV, and influenza A (primarily H3N2) was the dominant strain among the influenza-positive cases. Compared with cases infected influenza virus alone, those infected RSV alone had lower occurrence frequency of fever (18.8% vs. 35.7%, P = 0.004), higher occurrence frequency of complications of lower respiratory tract infections (70.8% vs. 54.8%, P = 0.011), higher direct medical costs ($996.2 vs. $841.1, P = 0.017) and total costs ($1019.7 vs. $888.1, P = 0.036). RSV single infection is more common in female cases (P = 0.007) and diabetic cases (P = 0.007) than influenza virus single infection. CONCLUSIONS During the winter and spring months, RSV is the second most common pathogen after influenza virus among older adults hospitalized for respiratory infections in Suzhou, China. Patients infected RSV are more likely to develop complications with lower respiratory tract infections and have higher medical costs than the influenza. RSV infection in the elderly should be emphasized, especially in female patients and diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Center for Immunization Planning, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
- Department of immunization program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yiheng Zhu
- Suzhou Municipal Health Commission, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of immunization program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xianquan Fan
- Suzhou Municipal Health Commission, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Xuan Yuan
- Department of immunization program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of immunization program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Benfeng Zheng
- Department of immunization program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Lin Luan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, PR China.
- Suzhou Municipal Health Commission, Suzhou, 215002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vieira AA, Almada-Correia I, Inácio J, Costa-Reis P, da Rocha ST. Female-bias in systemic lupus erythematosus: How much is the X chromosome to blame? Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:76. [PMID: 39375734 PMCID: PMC11460073 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is an immune-mediated disease associated with substantial medical burden. Notably, lupus exhibits a striking female bias, with women having significantly higher susceptibility compared to men, up to 14-fold higher in some ethnicities. Supernumerary X chromosome syndromes, like Klinefelter (XXY) and Triple X syndrome (XXX), also present higher SLE prevalence, whereas Turner syndrome (XO) displays lower prevalence. Taken together, SLE prevalence in different X chromosome dosage sceneries denotes a relationship between the number of X chromosomes and the risk of developing lupus. The dosage of X-linked genes, many of which play roles in the immune system, is compensated between males and females through the inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes in female cells. X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) initiates early in development with a random selection of which X chromosome to inactivate, a choice that is then epigenetically maintained in the daughter cells. This process is regulated by the X-Inactive-Specific Transcript (XIST), encoding for a long non-coding RNA, exclusively expressed from the inactive X chromosome (Xi). XIST interacts with various RNA binding proteins and chromatin modifiers to form a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex responsible for the transcriptional silencing and heterochromatinization of the Xi. This ensures stable silencing of most genes on the X chromosome, with only a few genes able to escape this process. Recent findings suggest that the molecular components involved in XCI, or their dysregulation, contribute to the pathogenesis of lupus. Indeed, nonrandom XCI, elevated gene escape from XCI, and the autoimmune potential of the XIST RNP complex have been suggested to contribute to auto-immune diseases, such as lupus. This review examines these current hypotheses concerning how this dosage compensation mechanism might impact the development of lupus, shedding light on potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A Vieira
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês Almada-Correia
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Inácio
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Costa-Reis
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Pediatrics Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - S T da Rocha
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sellau J, Hansen CS, Gálvez RI, Linnemann L, Honecker B, Lotter H. Immunological clues to sex differences in parasitic diseases. Trends Parasitol 2024:S1471-4922(24)00249-6. [PMID: 39379261 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2024.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
The effect of sex on the prevalence and severity of parasitic diseases is an emerging area of research. Several factors underlie sex-based differences, including sociocultural influences that affect exposure to parasites, and physiological disparities linked to biological sex. Hence, human studies must be interpreted cautiously; however, studies conducted under controlled laboratory conditions are important to validate findings in humans. Such research can more effectively elucidate the role of sex-determining physiological factors (particularly their impact on immune responses), as well as the role of sex-specific differences in resistance to, or severity of, parasitic diseases. This review focuses on the overarching impact of biological sex variables on immunity. Both human and rodent experimental data are discussed, with a focus on selected protozoan and helminth infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Sellau
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Lara Linnemann
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Honecker
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Lotter
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marshall CL, Mostafa D, Hemshehkar M, Lao Y, Balshaw R, Spicer V, Mookherjee N. Biological Sex Is an Effect Modifier of Allergen-Mediated Alteration of the Lung Proteome. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:4203-4215. [PMID: 39214566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Asthma exhibits a distinct sex bias in the disease prevalence, severity, and response to therapy. However, sex-related differences in alterations of the lung proteome mediated by aeroallergens critical in asthma, such as house dust mites (HDM), remain unknown. In this study, we define sex-related differences in the lung proteome using an HDM-challenged mouse model by 1D LC-MS/MS. Sex-disaggregated data analysis showed that 406 proteins were uniquely altered in females, 273 proteins were uniquely altered in males, and 414 proteins were altered in both females and males in response to HDM. In a linear mixed model analysis, sex modified the HDM exposure effect for 163 proteins, i.e., a significant sex:exposure interaction was identified in 84 proteins in females and 35 proteins in males. Of these, 12 proteins showed a significant sex effect in both female and male lungs. We further selected 3 proteins Tjp1, Lamtor1, and G3BP2 for independent confirmation studies. Our findings detail the sex-specific lung proteome in response to an aeroallergen critical in asthma and demonstrate that sex is a significant effect modifier of HDM response. These results will serve as a valuable resource for delineating sex-specific mechanisms in aeroallergen-driven responses in asthma research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Lynn Marshall
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E0T5, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E3P4, Canada
| | - Dina Mostafa
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E0T5, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E3P4, Canada
| | - Mahadevappa Hemshehkar
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E3P4, Canada
| | - Ying Lao
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E3P4, Canada
| | - Robert Balshaw
- George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E0T6, Canada
| | - Victor Spicer
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E3P4, Canada
| | - Neeloffer Mookherjee
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E0T5, Canada
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Mercedes-Benz, Winnipeg R3E3P4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hetherington K, Thomas J, Nicholls SJ, Barsha G, Bubb KJ. Unique cardiometabolic factors in women that contribute to modified cardiovascular disease risk. Eur J Pharmacol 2024:177031. [PMID: 39369878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Major risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) include hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome; all of which are considered inflammatory conditions. Women are disproportionately affected by inflammatory conditions, with sex differences emerging as early as adolescence. Hormonal fluctuations associated with reproductive events such as menarche, pregnancy and menopause, are hypothesized to promote a pro-inflammatory state in women. Moreover, women who have experienced inflammatory-type conditions such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), gestational diabetes or pre-eclampsia, have a cardiometabolic phenotype that pre-disposes to increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and coronary heart disease. Women with no notable CVD risk factors are often relatively protected from CVD pre-menopause; but overtake men in risk of major cardiovascular events when the cardiovascular protective effects of oestrogen begin to wane. Sex differences and female-specific factors have long been considered challenging to study and this has led to an underrepresentation of females in clinical trials and lack of female-specific data from pre-clinical studies. However, there is now a clear prerogative to include females at all stages of research, despite inherent complexities and potential variability in data. This review explores recent advancements in our understanding of CVD in women. We summarise the underlying factors unique to women that can promote CVD risk factors, ultimately contributing to CVD burden and the emerging therapies aimed to combat this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara Hetherington
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Jordyn Thomas
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Victorian Heart Institute, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Giannie Barsha
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Kristen J Bubb
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; Victorian Heart Institute, Victorian Heart Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Forsyth KS, Toothacre NE, Jiwrajka N, Driscoll AM, Shallberg LA, Cunningham-Rundles C, Barmettler S, Farmer J, Verbsky J, Routes J, Beiting DP, Romberg N, May MJ, Anguera MC. Maintenance of X chromosome inactivation after T cell activation requires NF-κB signaling. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eado0398. [PMID: 39365876 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.ado0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
X chromosome inactivation (XCI) balances X-linked gene dosage between sexes. Unstimulated T cells lack cytological enrichment of X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) RNA and heterochromatic modifications on the inactive X chromosome (Xi), which are involved in maintenance of XCI, and these modifications return to the Xi after stimulation. Here, we examined allele-specific gene expression and epigenomic profiles of the Xi in T cells. We found that the Xi in unstimulated T cells is largely dosage compensated and enriched with the repressive H3K27me3 modification but not the H2AK119-ubiquitin (Ub) mark. Upon T cell stimulation mediated by both CD3 and CD28, the Xi accumulated H2AK119-Ub at gene regions of previous H3K27me3 enrichment. T cell receptor (TCR) engagement, specifically NF-κB signaling downstream of the TCR, was required for Xist RNA localization to the Xi. Disruption of NF-κB signaling in mouse and human T cells using genetic deletion, chemical inhibitors, and patients with immunodeficiencies prevented Xist/XIST RNA accumulation at the Xi and altered X-linked gene expression. Our findings reveal a previously undescribed connection between NF-κB signaling pathways, which affects XCI maintenance in T cells in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Forsyth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Natalie E Toothacre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nikhil Jiwrajka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amanda M Driscoll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lindsey A Shallberg
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sara Barmettler
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - Jocelyn Farmer
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - James Verbsky
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - John Routes
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Daniel P Beiting
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Neil Romberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J May
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schrank S, Sevigny JP, Yunus NI, Vetter KR, Aguilar O, Ily V, Valchinova M, Keinath AT, Sparta DR. Binge ethanol consumption can be attenuated by systemic administration of minocycline and is associated with enhanced neuroinflammation in the central amygdala. Neuropharmacology 2024:110174. [PMID: 39369848 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has a complicated pathophysiology. Binge ethanol intoxication may produce long-lasting changes throughout extended amygdala neurocircuitry including neuroinflammation, often leading to relapse. Therefore, understanding the role of binge drinking induced neuroinflammation on extended amygdala neurocircuitry is critically important for treatment. We sought to understand the role of neuroinflammation in a naturalized form of rodent binge ethanol drinking (Drinking in the Dark (DID)). In a 5-week DID paradigm, we demonstrate that acute intraperitoneal (IP) injection of the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline significantly reduced binge drinking repeatedly in male and female Cx3CR1-GFP and C57BL/6J mice. Importantly, IP administration transiently decreased intermittent access sucrose consumption, was not observed on the second IP injection, but did not significantly alter food or water consumption, suggesting that minocycline may produce initial acute aversive effects and may not alter long-term consumption of natural rewards. Examination of rodent behaviors post ethanol binge drinking reveals no lasting effects of minocycline treatment on locomotion or anxiety-like behavior. To assess neuroinflammation, we developed a novel analysis method using a Matlab image analysis script, which allows for non-biased skeletonization and evaluation of microglia morphology to determine a possible activation state in Cx3CR1-GFP knock-in mice after repeated DID. We observed significant morphological changes of microglia within the CeA, but no differences in the BLA. Taken together, this study demonstrates repeated binge ethanol consumption can produce significant levels of microglia morphology changes within the CeA, and that immunomodulatory therapies may be an intriguing pharmacological candidate for the treatment of AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua P Sevigny
- Department of Psychology; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexandra T Keinath
- Department of Psychology; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Dennis R Sparta
- Department of Psychology; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Peluso MJ, Deeks SG. Mechanisms of long COVID and the path toward therapeutics. Cell 2024; 187:5500-5529. [PMID: 39326415 PMCID: PMC11455603 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Long COVID, a type of post-acute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (PASC) defined by medically unexplained symptoms following infection with SARS-CoV-2, is a newly recognized infection-associated chronic condition that causes disability in some people. Substantial progress has been made in defining its epidemiology, biology, and pathophysiology. However, there is no cure for the tens of millions of people believed to be experiencing long COVID, and industry engagement in developing therapeutics has been limited. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the biology and pathophysiology of long COVID, focusing on how the proposed mechanisms explain the physiology of the syndrome and how they provide a rationale for the implementation of a broad experimental medicine and clinical trials agenda. Progress toward preventing and curing long COVID and other infection-associated chronic conditions will require deep and sustained investment by funders and industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Peluso
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Stankiewicz LN, Salim K, Flaschner EA, Wang YX, Edgar JM, Durland LJ, Lin BZB, Bingham GC, Major MC, Jones RD, Blau HM, Rideout EJ, Levings MK, Zandstra PW, Rossi FMV. Sex-biased human thymic architecture guides T cell development through spatially defined niches. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00539-2. [PMID: 39383865 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Within the thymus, regulation of the cellular crosstalk directing T cell development depends on spatial interactions within specialized niches. To create a spatially defined map of tissue niches guiding human postnatal T cell development, we employed the multidimensional imaging platform co-detection by indexing (CODEX) as well as cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes sequencing (CITE-seq) and assay for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq). We generated age-matched 4- to 5-month-old human postnatal thymus datasets for male and female donors, identifying significant sex differences in both T cell and thymus biology. We demonstrate a possible role for JAG ligands in directing thymic-like dendritic cell development, identify important functions of a population of extracellular matrix (ECM)- fibroblasts, and characterize the medullary niches surrounding Hassall's corpuscles. Together, these data represent an age-matched spatial multiomic resource to investigate how sex-based differences in thymus regulation and T cell development arise, providing an essential resource to understand the mechanisms underlying immune function and dysfunction in males and females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Stankiewicz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada
| | - Kevin Salim
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 938 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Emily A Flaschner
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada
| | - Yu Xin Wang
- Center for Genetic Disorders and Aging, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John M Edgar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada
| | - Lauren J Durland
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada
| | - Bruce Z B Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada
| | - Grace C Bingham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Matthew C Major
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada
| | - Ross D Jones
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Rideout
- Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Megan K Levings
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 938 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Peter W Zandstra
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B9, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Razura DE, Badash I, Wrobel B, Hur K. Factors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID-19 infection. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2024; 9:e70014. [PMID: 39314517 PMCID: PMC11418633 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.70014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify predictors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID-19 infection. Methods The Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) 2021 National Health Interview Series (NHIS) database was used to analyze factors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste in respondents who had a previous COVID-19 infection. Significant variables from univariate analysis were included in a stepwise backward regression model to identify independent predictors. Results Of the 3844 individuals who answered yes to having contracted COVID-19, 51.1% and 48.9% reported losing smell and taste, respectively. 95.7% recovered smell and 97% recovered taste. Predictors associated with higher odds of reporting a loss of smell included younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98-0.99), female sex (OR 1.38; CI 1.17-1.63), use of e-cigarettes (OR 1.59; CI 1.25-2.02), and Mexican ethnicity (OR 1.61; CI 1.22-2.11). Predictors of taste loss were younger age (OR 0.98; CI 0.98-0.99), female sex (OR 1.31; CI 1.08-1.58), and higher BMI (OR 1.02; CI 1.00-1.04). Female sex was associated with decreased odds of reporting a recovery of smell (OR 0.74; CI 0.59-0.92) and taste (OR 0.54; CI 0.42-0.69). Black/African American race (OR 1.44; CI 1.03-2.03) and non-Mexican Hispanic ethnicities (OR 1.55; CI 1.02-2.34) were associated with an increased likelihood of reporting the recovery of smell. Conclusion Various factors may be associated with the loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID-19 infections. Clinicians may use this information to better counsel patients with these symptoms. Level of evidence 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego E. Razura
- Quillen College of MedicineEast Tennessee State UniversityJohnson CityTennesseeUSA
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ido Badash
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bozena Wrobel
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kevin Hur
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Narváez-Bandera I, Suárez-Gómez D, Castro-Rivera CDM, Camasta-Beníquez A, Durán-Quintana M, Cabrera-Ríos M, Isaza CE. Hepatitis C virus infection and Parkinson's disease: insights from a joint sex-stratified BioOptimatics meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22838. [PMID: 39354018 PMCID: PMC11445468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a significant public health challenge and often leads to long-term health complications and even death. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a proposed viral etiology. HCV infection and PD have been previously suggested to be related. This work aimed to identify potential biomarkers and pathways that may play a role in the joint development of PD and HCV infection. Using BioOptimatics-bioinformatics driven by mathematical global optimization-, 22 publicly available microarray and RNAseq datasets for both diseases were analyzed, focusing on sex-specific differences. Our results revealed that 19 genes, including MT1H, MYOM2, and RPL18, exhibited significant changes in expression in both diseases. Pathway and network analyses stratified by sex indicated that these gene expression changes were enriched in processes related to immune response regulation in females and immune cell activation in males. These findings suggest a potential link between HCV infection and PD, highlighting the importance of further investigation into the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isis Narváez-Bandera
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Deiver Suárez-Gómez
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Coral Del Mar Castro-Rivera
- Biology Department, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Alaina Camasta-Beníquez
- Biology Department, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Morelia Durán-Quintana
- Biology Department, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Mauricio Cabrera-Ríos
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
- Industrial Engineering Department, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Clara E Isaza
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico.
- Biology Department, The Applied Optimization Group, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez, Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou H, Chen D, Ru X, Shao Q, Chen S, Liu R, Gu R, Shen J, Ye Q, Cheng D. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of adenovirus-associated respiratory tract infection in children in Hangzhou, China, 2019-2024. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29957. [PMID: 39370869 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the prevalence of adenovirus (AdV) infection in children. This study retrospectively analyzed the changes in the epidemiological and clinical features of AdV-associated respiratory infections in children in Hangzhou, China, between January 2019 and July 2024. A total of 771 316 samples were included in the study, and the positive rate was 6.10% (47 050/771 316). Among them, the positive rate of AdV infection was highest in 2019, reaching 11.29% (26 929/238 333), while the positive rates in the remaining years were between 2% and 9%. In terms of seasonal epidemic characteristics, the summer of 2019 was the peak of AdV incidence, with the positive rate peaking at around 16.95% (7275/45 268), followed by a gradual decline and a low-level epidemic in winter, with a positive rate of 8.79% (8094/92 060). However, during the period 2020-2024, the AdV epidemic season did not show any significant regularity. Gender analysis revealed that the positive rate of male patients was generally greater than that of female patients. In different age groups, the population susceptible to AdV changed before and after the epidemic. In the early and middle stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, the susceptible population was mainly 2-5 years old, whereas in the later stages of the epidemic, the susceptible population was 5-18 years old. In addition, the main clinical symptoms of AdV-positive children from 2019-2024 were respiratory tract symptoms and fever. In summary, the COVID-19 epidemic has had a certain impact on the prevalence of AdV. These findings provide an important basis and reference for the prevention and diagnosis of AdV, especially in the context of increasing age- and gender-specific public health strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Zhou
- Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danlei Chen
- Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuanwen Ru
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyi Shao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Simiao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiying Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Cheng
- Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ward SJ, Coates AM, Baldock KL, Stanford TE, Hill AM. Better diet quality is associated with reduced body pain in adults regardless of adiposity: Findings from the Whyalla Intergenerational Study of Health. Nutr Res 2024; 130:22-33. [PMID: 39326175 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Dietary intake has been associated with pain and physical function, but it is unclear if these relationships are mediated by adiposity. Data were derived from the Whyalla Intergenerational Study of Health (n = 654, 57% women). Structural equation modelling tested the hypotheses that adiposity (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), or body fat (BF, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry)) would mediate the relationship between diet quality (Dietary Guideline Index (DGI) total, core, or non-core scores) and pain (Short Form-36 bodily pain scale (SF36-BPS)), or physical function (grip-strength), overall, and by gender. Adiposity did not mediate a relationship between DGI scores and pain. Direct effects were observed between DGI total scores and SF36-BPS accounting for BMI (β = 0.170, 95% CI 0.002, 0.339), and between DGI core food scores and SF36-BPS (BMI, β = 0.278, 95% CI 0.070, 0.486; WC, β = 0.266, 95% CI 0.058, 0.474; BF, β = 0.266, 95% CI 0.060, 0.473). In women, direct effects existed between DGI scores and SF36-BPS (DGI total scores, BMI, β = 0.388, 95% CI 0.162, 0.613; WC, β = 0.372, 95% CI 0.146, 0.598; BF, β = 0.382, 95% CI 0.158, 0.605, and DGI core scores, BMI, β = 0.482, 95% CI 0.208, 0.757; WC, β = 0.472, 95% CI 0.197, 0.747; BF, β = 0.467, 95% CI 0.195, 0.739), and DGI total scores and grip-strength (BMI, β = 0.075, 95% CI 0.008, 0.142; WC, β = 0.076, 95% CI 0.009, 0.143; BF, β = 0.079, 95% CI 0.011, 0.146). Better diet quality is associated with lower bodily pain, irrespective of adiposity. Findings highlight the potential role of diet quality in pain management and function, particularly in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Ward
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Katherine L Baldock
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ty E Stanford
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Hill
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Okino CH, Niciura SCM, Minho AP, Esteves SN, Melito GR, Montassier HJ, Chagas ACDS. Divergent humoral responses between males and females against 24 kDa excretory-secretory protein of Haemonchus contortus and influence of ovine β-globin polymorphism. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 159:105216. [PMID: 38901502 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Lambs harboring the Hb-AA β-globin haplotype present improved cell-mediated responses and increased resistance against Haemonchus contortus infection. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of sex and β-globin haplotypes on specific humoral responses and phenotypes of resistance during H. contortus infection in Morada Nova sheep. As expected, females displayed stronger resistance during the first and second experimental challenges. Differential systemic humoral immune responses were observed comparing sex groups, in which higher levels of specific antibodies targeting 24 kDa excretory-secretory (ES24) protein of H. contortus of IgG and IgM antibodies were respectively observed as predominant isotypes in males and females. The IgM levels were significantly correlated with phenotypes of resistance, evaluated by packed cell volume and fecal egg counts. To our knowledge this is the first study reporting divergent humoral responses profiles to H. contortus infection between male and female sheep. The impact of β-globin haplotypes was less pronounced in females compared to males. Notably, only males showed significant weight differences across haplotypes, with Hb-AA lambs being the heaviest. Additionally, Hb-AA males had significantly higher PCV (indicating better red blood cell health) and lower FEC (indicating lower parasite burden). These findings suggest a more pronounced effect of β-globin polymorphisms on H. contortus infection in males, potentially due to their generally weaker resistance compared to females. This study highlights the importance of sex and β-globin haplotypes in shaping immune responses to H. contortus infection. Specifically, IgM antibodies targeting the ES24 protein appear to play a crucial role in host-parasite interactions and may hold promise for therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Hiromi Okino
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Simone Cristina Méo Niciura
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Pelegrine Minho
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Novita Esteves
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Roberta Melito
- Centro Universitário Central Paulista (UNICEP), R. Miguel Petroni, 5111, 13563-470, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio José Montassier
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina de Souza Chagas
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234 s/n, Fazenda Canchim, PO Box 339, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pasin C, Nuñez DG, Kusejko K, Hachfeld A, Buvelot H, Cavassini M, Damonti L, Fux C, de Tejada BM, Notter J, Trkola A, Günthard HF, Aebi-Popp K, Kouyos RD, Abela IA. Impact of hormonal therapy on HIV-1 immune markers in cis women and gender minorities. HIV Med 2024; 25:1112-1124. [PMID: 38830635 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sex hormones are recognized to induce immune variations, the effect of hormonal therapy use on immunity is only poorly understood. Here, we quantified how hormonal therapy use affects HIV-1 immune markers in cis women (CW) and trans women and non-binary people (TNBP) with HIV. METHODS We considered CD4, CD8 and lymphocyte measurements from cis men (CM), CW and TNBP in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. We modelled HIV-1 markers using linear mixed-effects models with an interaction between 'gender' (CW, TNBP) and 'hormonal therapy use' (yes/no). Models were adjusted on age, ethnicity, education level, time since start of antiretroviral therapy and use of intravenous drugs. We assessed the inflammatory effect of hormonal therapy use in 31 TNBP using serum proteomics measurements of 92 inflammation markers. RESULTS We included 54 083 measurements from 3092 CW and 83 TNBP, and 147 230 measurements from 8611 CM. Hormonal therapy use increased CD4 count and CD4:CD8 ratio in TNBP more than in CW (pinteraction = 0.02 and 0.007, respectively). TNBP with hormonal therapy use had significantly higher CD4 counts [median = 772 cells/μL, interquartile range (IQR): 520-1006] than without (617 cells/μL, 426-892). This was similar to the effect of CW versus CM on CD4 T cells. Hormonal therapy use did not affect serum protein concentrations in TNBP. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential role of hormonal therapy use in modulating the immune system among other biological and social factors, especially in TNBP with HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Pasin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Collegium Helveticum, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Garcia Nuñez
- Center for Gender Variance, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Kusejko
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Hachfeld
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Buvelot
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lauro Damonti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Division of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Fux
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Begoña Martinez de Tejada
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals of Geneva and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julia Notter
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Trkola
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Huldrych F Günthard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karoline Aebi-Popp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roger D Kouyos
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irene A Abela
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu B, Wang J, Zhao N, Feng S, Abdugheni R, Li G, Liu W, Gao S, An X, Han S, He H. Regulatory mechanisms of Capillaria hepatica infection on Brandt's Vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) population. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116849. [PMID: 39168081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Parasite infection not only triggers the immune response of the host but also potentially affects the reproductive status, thereby influencing the population size. Therefore, understanding the impact of parasite infection on host immune and reproductive systems has long been an important issue in ecological research. To address this, we conducted field surveys (2021-2023) to investigate Capillaria hepatica infection status in Brandt's vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) and performed controlled experiments in semi-natural enclosures and indoor laboratories. The results showed a negative correlation between the population size of Brandt's vole and the infection rate. To further explore the regulatory mechanisms, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed on the infected BALB/c mice. The study found that post-infection with Capillaria hepatica, up-regulated genes and proteins in the mice liver were primarily associated with immune functions, while down-regulated genes and proteins were related to metabolic functions such as retinol metabolism. Through validation experiments supplementing retinol to the host infected with Capillaria hepatica, it was found that infection with Capillaria hepatica leads to a decrease in systemic available retinol levels, disrupting the expression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis hormones, affecting the expression of CYP17A1, thereby regulating testosterone secretion related to spermatogenesis. This process results in abnormal spermatogenesis in the testes, thereby impacting the reproductive capacity of mice. This suggests that Capillaria hepatica regulates resource allocation in hosts, striking a "trade-off" between reproduction and survival, thereby exerting control over population size. These discoveries are crucial for comprehending the interaction between Capillaria hepatica and hosts, as well as their impacts on host reproduction and immune systems, and provide a scientific basis for controlling the transmission of Capillaria hepatica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ning Zhao
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Shengyong Feng
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Rashidin Abdugheni
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi Municipality, China.
| | - Gaojian Li
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Sichao Gao
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xing An
- Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China.
| | - Shuyi Han
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongxuan He
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xing Z, Kirby RS. Sex differences in all-cause mortality and life span between women with premature menopause and men: propensity score matching analysis. Menopause 2024; 31:887-896. [PMID: 39137103 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated sex differences in all-cause mortality and life span between women undergoing premature menopause and men using propensity score matching analysis. METHODS Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988-1994). We included 3,214 women experiencing premature menopause and 23,067 men. The participants were all older than 40 years. Propensity score matching analysis created matched cohorts of women and men using a 1:1 ratio. We employed Cox proportional hazard models to estimate unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the association between sex and both all-cause mortality and survival up to the 75th percentile of life span. A subgroup analysis examined the effects of hormone therapy on mortality and life span. RESULTS Compared with men in the matched cohorts, the adjusted HR values (95% CI) for all-cause mortality in women with age at menopause at <35, 35 to 39, and <40 years were 0.65 (0.54-0.78), 0.72 (0.59-0.87), and 0.67 (0.60-0.76), respectively. However, the adjusted HR values (95% CI) for women and men to survive to the 75th percentile of life span were not statistically significant. Besides, there was no significant difference in the mean life span between deceased women and men in the matched cohorts. In the subgroup analysis, the mean life span did not differ significantly between deceased women taking hormone therapy and men. However, the average life span of women never using hormone therapy was significantly longer than that of men (78.3 ± 11.6 vs 76.6 ± 11.9 years, P = 0.0154). CONCLUSIONS Women experiencing premature menopause had lower risks of all-cause mortality than men, but the advantage that women had in terms of life span was insignificant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zailing Xing
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Russell S Kirby
- Chiles Center, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Karantanos T, Jain T. Battle of the Sexes in the Clonal World. J Clin Oncol 2024:JCO2401758. [PMID: 39353161 DOI: 10.1200/jco-24-01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Karantanos
- Division of Hematological Malignancies and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tania Jain
- Division of Hematological Malignancies and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen MA, Chen E, Gallivan SU, Brody EJ, Passarelli V, Miller GE. Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Neighborhood Belonging, and Inflammation Among Adolescents. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:660-669. [PMID: 39109943 PMCID: PMC11444907 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with a host of adverse health outcomes across the lifespan. However, there is increasing interest in identifying factors that may promote resilience to disadvantage's effects on health. One promising candidate in this regard is a sense of neighborhood belonging, which could offset health risks by providing a sense of connection to others, as well as a sense of belonging to a community larger than oneself. METHODS In a sample of 245 adolescents (age: mean [standard deviation] = 15.98 [0.54] years; sex: 64.1% female; race: 41.6% White, 37.6% Black/African American, 9.8% Other; ethnicity: 68.6% non-Hispanic), we examined neighborhood belonging as a moderator of the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage (measured on a 0- to 5-point scale, mean [standard deviation] = 1.21 [1.36]) and low-grade inflammation (measured via a composite of circulating inflammatory biomarkers including IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, and suPAR). Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, and pubertal status. RESULTS Neighborhood belonging buffered the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and low-grade inflammation, a key mechanistic pathway to multiple chronic diseases. Specifically, there was a positive relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and low-grade inflammation among individuals with low neighborhood belonging, but not among individuals with high neighborhood belonging. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that neighborhood belonging is one type of social connection factor that can mitigate the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and low-grade inflammation in youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Chen
- From the Institute of Policy Research, Northwestern University (M. Chen, E. Chen, Gallivan, Brody, Passarelli, Miller), Evanston, Illinois; and Saint Louis University School of Medicine (Brody), St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gutman EG, Salvio AL, Fernandes RA, Duarte LA, Raposo-Vedovi JV, Alcaraz HF, Teixeira MA, Passos GF, de Medeiros KQM, Hammerle MB, Pires KL, Vasconcelos CCF, Leon LAA, Figueiredo CP, Alves-Leon SV. Long COVID: plasma levels of neurofilament light chain in mild COVID-19 patients with neurocognitive symptoms. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:3106-3116. [PMID: 38678084 PMCID: PMC11449780 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
It is well known the potential of severe acute respiratory coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to induce post-acute sequelae, a condition called Long COVID. This syndrome includes several symptoms, but the central nervous system (CNS) main one is neurocognitive dysfunction. Recently it has been demonstrated the relevance of plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (pNfL), as a biomarker of early involvement of the CNS in COVID-19. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pNfL in patients with post-acute neurocognitive symptoms and the potential of NfL as a prognostic biomarker in these cases. A group of 63 long COVID patients ranging from 18 to 59 years-old were evaluated, submitted to a neurocognitive battery assessment, and subdivided in different groups, according to results. Plasma samples were collected during the long COVID assessment and used for measurement of pNfL with the Single molecule array (SIMOA) assays. Levels of pNfL were significantly higher in long COVID patients with neurocognitive symptoms when compared to HC (p = 0.0031). Long COVID patients with cognitive impairment and fatigue symptoms presented higher pNfL levels when compared to long COVID patients without these symptoms, individually and combined (p = 0.0263, p = 0.0480, and 0.0142, respectively). Correlation analysis showed that levels of cognitive lost and exacerbation of fatigue in the neurocognitive evaluation had a significative correlation with higher pNfL levels (p = 0.0219 and 0.0255, respectively). Previous reports suggested that pNfL levels are related with higher risk of severity and predict lethality of COVID-19. Our findings demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 infection seems to have a long-term impact on the brain, even in patients who presented mild acute disease. NfL measurements might be useful to identify CNS involvement in long COVID associated with neurocognitive symptoms and to identify who will need continuous monitoring and treatment support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gouvea Gutman
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil
- Clinical Medicine post-graduation program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andreza Lemos Salvio
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil
| | - Renan Amphilophio Fernandes
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil
| | - Larissa Araujo Duarte
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil
- Clinical Medicine post-graduation program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessica Vasques Raposo-Vedovi
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil
| | - Helena França Alcaraz
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil
| | - Milene Ataíde Teixeira
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariana Beiral Hammerle
- Division of Neurology, Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karina Lebeis Pires
- Division of Neurology, Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory (LabNet), Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro/UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, ZIP CODE 20211-040, Brazil.
- Department of Neurology, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sulicka-Grodzicka J, Wizner B, Zdrojewski T, Mossakowska M, Puzianowska-Kuźnicka M, Chudek J, Więcek A, Korkosz M, Caiazzo E, Maffia P, Siedlinski M, Messerli FH, Guzik TJ. Sex-specific relationships of inflammatory biomarkers with blood pressure in older adults. GeroScience 2024; 46:4603-4614. [PMID: 38720047 PMCID: PMC11335980 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates an association between blood pressure and inflammation, yet this relationship remains unclear in older adults, despite the elevated prevalence of hypertension. We investigated the association between blood pressure, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and white blood cell (WBC) count in a cohort of 3571 older adults aged 65 and above, and 587 middle-aged participants (55-59 years old). In women aged 65 and above, the relationship between inflammatory markers and blood pressure was consistent, with hs-CRP and WBC emerging as predictors of high blood pressure. For hs-CRP, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.5 (95% CI, 1.07 to 2.10, P = 0.02), and for WBC, the adjusted OR was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.94, P = 0.04), comparing the highest to the lowest quartiles. In men, only the WBC count was significantly associated with an increased OR for high BP (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.02, P = 0.01) across quartiles. Across the entire study population, in a fully adjusted model, all inflammatory markers were modestly associated with blood pressure levels, while the effect of being over 65 years was the most significant predictor of high blood pressure (OR 1.84, 95% CI, 1.50 to 2.25, P < 0.001). The link between key inflammation markers and blood pressure in older adults varies by sex and biomarker type and may differ from the relationship observed in younger individuals. These relationships are likely to be affected by factors linked to age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Sulicka-Grodzicka
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-698, Cracow, Poland.
- School of Infection & Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Barbara Wizner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zdrojewski
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Education, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Mossakowska
- Study On Ageing and Longevity, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Więcek
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine Medical, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mariusz Korkosz
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-698, Cracow, Poland
| | - Elisabetta Caiazzo
- School of Infection & Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- School of Infection & Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mateusz Siedlinski
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
- Medical Genomics Laboratory Omicron, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Franz H Messerli
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Florez-Esparza G, Cifuentes-González C, Rojas-Carabali W, Mejía-Salgado G, Pineda-Sierra JS, Pardo-Pizza D, Lesley Cruz D, de-la-Torre A. Colombian Ocular Inflammatory Diseases Epidemiology Study (COIDES): Prevalence, Incidence, and Sociodemographic Characterization of Uveitis in Colombia, 2015-2020. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024; 32:1667-1673. [PMID: 37972239 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2279681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prevalence, incidence, and sociodemographic characteristics of uveitis in Colombia based on the National Health Registry of Colombia, the Integrated Social Protection Information System database (SISPRO). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study using SISPRO. Along with the International Classification of Diseases, we were able to identify cases of general uveitis (GU), anterior (AU), and posterior uveitis (PU) from 2015 to 2019. For 2020, we used a statistical model for spatial data to predict the prevalence/incidence of the diseases and compared it to the data retrieved in SISPRO. RESULTS The average prevalence of GU was 14.66 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, while the average incidence rate of GU during the same period was 13.61 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. In 2020, there was a noticeable decrease in the incidence and prevalence of GU. Similar trends were observed when analyzing the incidence and prevalence of AU and PU separately. Females accounted for most reported cases, and there was a notable shift towards older age groups (over 50 years) for uveitis occurrence in males and females. Regions such as Bogotá, Antioquia, Valle del Cauca, and the Andean region had higher numbers of cases and a more significant disease burden. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents Colombia's first population-based characterization of GU, AU, and PU epidemiology. Our results highlight the importance of understanding disease patterns according to sociodemographic factors intrinsic to distinct geographic locations to design better preventive, diagnostic, and treatment approaches in the Colombian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Florez-Esparza
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Ophthalmology Interest Group, Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Cifuentes-González
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - William Rojas-Carabali
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Germán Mejía-Salgado
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Ophthalmology Interest Group, Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Sebastián Pineda-Sierra
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Ophthalmology Interest Group, Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniella Pardo-Pizza
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Ophthalmology Interest Group, Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Danna Lesley Cruz
- Clinical Research Group, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra de-la-Torre
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Ophthalmology Interest Group, Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, Neurovitae Research Center, Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hewes JL, Bhadra A, Schreck E, Goodman JT, Patel M, Zhou C, Lee JY, Bauer NR. Novel Hemodynamic, Vascular Lesion, and Cytokine/Chemokine Differences Regarding Sex in a Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Model. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:453-463. [PMID: 38864769 PMCID: PMC11450312 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0378oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sex differences are recognized in pulmonary hypertension. However, the progression of disease with regard to vascular lesion formation and circulating cytokines/chemokines is unknown. To determine whether vascular lesion formation, changes in hemodynamics, and alterations in circulating chemokines/cytokines differ between males and females, we used a progressive model of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), Sugen/hypoxia, and analyzed cohorts of male and female rats at time points suggested to indicate worsening disease. Our analysis included echocardiography for hemodynamics, morphometry, immunofluoresecence, and chemokine/cytokine analysis of plasma at each time point in both sexes. We found that male rats had significantly increased Fulton index, compared with those for females at each time point, as well as increased medial artery thickening at 8 weeks of PAH. Furthermore, females exhibited fewer obliterative vascular lesions than males at our latest time point. Our data also show increased IL-4, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-10, and macrophage interacting protein-1α that were not observed in females, whereas females were observed to have increased RANTES (whose name derives from Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Presumably Secreted) and CXCL-10 that were not found in males. Males also have increased infiltrating macrophages in vascular lesions, compared with females. We found that development of progressive PAH in hemodynamics, morphology, and chemokine/cytokine circulation differs significantly between males and females. These data suggest a macrophage-driven pathology in males, whereas there may be T cell protection from vascular damage in females with PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chun Zhou
- Center for Lung Biology
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, and
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Center for Lung Biology
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, and
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pramanik S, Devi M H, Chakrabarty S, Paylar B, Pradhan A, Thaker M, Ayyadhury S, Manavalan A, Olsson PE, Pramanik G, Heese K. Microglia signaling in health and disease - Implications in sex-specific brain development and plasticity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 165:105834. [PMID: 39084583 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Microglia, the intrinsic neuroimmune cells residing in the central nervous system (CNS), exert a pivotal influence on brain development, homeostasis, and functionality, encompassing critical roles during both aging and pathological states. Recent advancements in comprehending brain plasticity and functions have spotlighted conspicuous variances between male and female brains, notably in neurogenesis, neuronal myelination, axon fasciculation, and synaptogenesis. Nevertheless, the precise impact of microglia on sex-specific brain cell plasticity, sculpting diverse neural network architectures and circuits, remains largely unexplored. This article seeks to unravel the present understanding of microglial involvement in brain development, plasticity, and function, with a specific emphasis on microglial signaling in brain sex polymorphism. Commencing with an overview of microglia in the CNS and their associated signaling cascades, we subsequently probe recent revelations regarding molecular signaling by microglia in sex-dependent brain developmental plasticity, functions, and diseases. Notably, C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), calcium (Ca2+), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) emerge as molecular candidates significantly contributing to sex-dependent brain development and plasticity. In conclusion, we address burgeoning inquiries surrounding microglia's pivotal role in the functional diversity of developing and aging brains, contemplating their potential implications for gender-tailored therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pramanik
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Harini Devi M
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Saswata Chakrabarty
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Berkay Paylar
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Ajay Pradhan
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Manisha Thaker
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories, Inc., 2425 New Holland Pike, Lancaster, PA 17601, USA
| | - Shamini Ayyadhury
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Arulmani Manavalan
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Per-Erik Olsson
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Gopal Pramanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India.
| | - Klaus Heese
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133791, the Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kallel H, Aroui M, Lakhrem M, Houcke S, Feki A, Hakim A, Zeghal KM, Kallel C, Triki M, Lambert Y, Drak Alsibai K, Resiere D, Pujo JM, Ben Amara I. Sex-related differences in toxic manifestations induced by Bothrops atrox venom in mice. Toxicon 2024; 249:108075. [PMID: 39179179 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Lancehead snakes of the genus Bothrops are responsible for 90% of the snakebites in Latin America. The objective of this study was to assess the LD50, physical, and hematological manifestations induced by B. atrox venom in male and female mice inoculated by different routes. B. atrox venom was inoculated in male and female mice by intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), intravenous (IV), and intraperitoneal (IP) routes. B. atrox venom LD50 was lower in male than female groups, regardless of the injection route. However, it was the lowest when the venom was inoculated by the IP route. Moreover, comparisons between male and female responses according to the injected venom dose showed higher edema-forming, local hemorrhagic, dermonecrotic, and myotoxic activities in male than in female mice. While the minimal hemorrhagic, and necrotic doses were not statistically different between the two groups, the difference between males and females was more pronounced at high venom doses. Hematological parameter changes were also more significant in male than in female mice. The venom decreased the levels of total leukocytes after 24 h of injection in male and female mice, with a more profound decrease in the male group. The micronucleus test, a tool for genotoxicity assessment, documented the mutagenic effects of B. atrox on leucocytes. We demonstrate the higher susceptibility of male mice to B. atrox venom than females. Sex differences must be considered when conducting experimental studies on snake venoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Kallel
- . Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, French Guiana; . Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, Université de Guyane, French Guiana.
| | - Malek Aroui
- . Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Lakhrem
- . Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | | | - Amal Feki
- . Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Hakim
- . Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Mounir Zeghal
- . Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Choumous Kallel
- . Hematology Laboratory, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, University, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mariam Triki
- . Laboratory of Anatomopathology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Yann Lambert
- . Amazin PopHealth, Département de Recherche et d'Innovation en Santé Publique (DRISP), Inserm Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC 1424), Cayenne Hospital Centre Andrée Rosemon, F-97300, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Kinan Drak Alsibai
- . Amazin PopHealth, Département de Recherche et d'Innovation en Santé Publique (DRISP), Inserm Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC 1424), Cayenne Hospital Centre Andrée Rosemon, F-97300, Cayenne, French Guiana; . Department of Pathology, Cayenne Hospital Centre, F-97306, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Dabor Resiere
- . Intensive Care Unit, Martinique University Hospital, Martinique, France
| | - Jean Marc Pujo
- . Emergency department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Ibtissem Ben Amara
- . Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, French Guiana; . Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, Université de Guyane, French Guiana; . Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cao X, Xie YL, Yi JY, Liu ZL, Han M, Duan JH, Gao Q, Mu H, Zhou CL. Altered Liver Enzyme Markers in Patients with Asymptomatic, and Mild Omicron Infection: A Retrospective Study. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:6875-6885. [PMID: 39372583 PMCID: PMC11451451 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s478812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has posed a significant global public health challenge. Elucidating the laboratory profiles of individuals infected with this variant is crucial for assessing organ damage. This study aimed to investigate the variations in liver function tests and their correlation with demographic characteristics and inflammatory markers in patients with early Omicron variant infections. Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1133 mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 cases at Tianjin First Central Hospital. Data on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and serum markers were collected and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, version 24.0. Results Abnormal liver function parameters, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and total bilirubin (TBIL), were observed in 314 (27.71%) patients. "Hepatocellular type" was identified in 56 (4.94%) patients, "cholestatic type" in 185 (16.33%) patients, and "mixed type" in 73 (6.44%) patients. In the mixed group, we observed a pronounced elevation in the levels of ALT, AST, and GGT. Moreover, the hepatocellular group exhibited a statistically significant increase in AST and ALT concentrations relative to both the normal and cholestatic groups. Notably, the cholestatic group demonstrated a substantial increment in ALP levels. Males had a significantly higher prevalence of "abnormal liver enzyme markers" compared to females. Patients with "abnormal liver enzyme markers" exhibited significantly decreased immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and elevated levels of inflammatory markers, including procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL6), as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) compared to normal group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender and PCT levels were significantly associated with the risk of abnormal liver enzyme markers. Patients in hepatocellular group were likely accompanied with high CRP levels, whereas those in the cholestatic type were associated with high IL6 levels. Conclusion Early Omicron infection might cause liver stress response. Elevated liver enzyme marker levels were correlated with age, gender, inflammatory factors, and IgG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ying Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-hui Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-lei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lovre D, Qadir MMF, Bateman K, Saltzman LY, Sherman M, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Acute estradiol and progesterone therapy in hospitalized adults to reduce COVID-19 severity: a randomized control trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22732. [PMID: 39349554 PMCID: PMC11442588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 outcomes are less severe in women than men suggesting that female sex is protective. The steroids estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) promote anti-inflammatory immune responses and their therapeutic use for COVID-19 has been under investigation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a short systemic E2 and P4 combination in mitigating COVID-19 severity in hospitalized men and women. In a phase 2, single center, double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial, ten male and female participants hospitalized for COVID-19 with scores 3-5 on the 9-point WHO ordinal scale were randomized to receive either (1) E2 cypionate (5 mg, IM) and micronized P4 (200 mg, PO), or (2) placebo-equivalent, in addition to standard of care (SOC). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients whose WHO scores improved to 1-2 on the day of discharge. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay (LOS), days on oxygen therapy (DOT), readmission rates (RR), adverse events (AEs), and change in circulating biomarkers using untargeted proteomics and cytokine profiling. There were no significant changes between the groups in primary outcome, LOS, DOT, RR or AEs. The E2P4 group exhibited a decrease in biomarker pathways of respiratory and gastrointestinal disease inflammation, infection by coronavirus, and immune cell trafficking and inflammatory response. A short-term E2P4 treatment in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 decreases biomarkers of inflammation. Considering the availability, low cost, and safety of E2 and P4, our results warrant additional studies to explore their effects in mitigating other viral pandemics. Clinical Trial Registration NCT04865029, ClinicalTrials.gov; (First trial registration 29/04/2021).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Lovre
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA.
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - M M Fahd Qadir
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Kristin Bateman
- Section of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Leia Y Saltzman
- Tulane University School of Social Work, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Mya Sherman
- Institutional Review Board - Health Science Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA.
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Brice KN, Braden-Kuhle PN, Miller SK, Regan A, Lacy V, Chumley MJ, Boehm GW. Chronic sleep loss alters the inflammatory response and BDNF expression in C57BL/6J mice. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 396:578462. [PMID: 39378741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Although adequate sleep is imperative for proper physiological function, over one-third of US adults obtain insufficient sleep. The current research investigated the impact of chronic sleep restriction (CSR) on inflammatory markers and hippocampal BDNF mRNA, following an immune insult in both male and female mice. Patterns of cytokine expression were different when the study was done in males vs. females, indicating potential sex differences in the inflammatory response following CSR. Further, CSR led to suppressed hippocampal BDNF expression in males, an effect not observed in females. These data suggest a complex interaction between chronic sleep loss, inflammation, and sex that warrants further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Brice
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States of America.
| | - Paige N Braden-Kuhle
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States of America
| | - Shelby K Miller
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States of America
| | - Allison Regan
- Texas Christian University, Department of Biology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States of America
| | - Vivienne Lacy
- Texas Christian University, Department of Biology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States of America
| | - Michael J Chumley
- Texas Christian University, Department of Biology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States of America
| | - Gary W Boehm
- Texas Christian University, Department of Psychology, 2955 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Giron LB, Pasternak AO, Abdel-Mohsen M. Soluble markers of viral rebound and post-treatment HIV control. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2024:01222929-990000000-00114. [PMID: 39392413 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We focus on the different classes of biological molecules measurable in easily accessible bodily fluids that have the potential to serve as biomarkers for the HIV post-treatment controller (PTC) phenotype and/or the timing of viral rebound after stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART). RECENT FINDINGS Various viral components and host factors measurable in body fluids can play crucial roles in understanding and predicting the PTC phenotype. We review recent findings linking viral components, the quantitative and qualitative features of antibodies (including autologous HIV-specific antibodies), markers of inflammation and tissue damage, other host proteins (including hormones such as sex hormones), as well as metabolites, extracellular vesicles, and cell-free DNA to HIV control post-ART interruption. Several of these molecules can or have the potential to predict the time and probability of viral rebound after stopping ART and are biologically active molecules that can directly or indirectly (by modulating immune pressures) impact the size and activity of HIV reservoirs during and post-ART interruption. SUMMARY A comprehensive model combining multiple markers is needed to predict the PTC phenotype. This model can be leveraged to predict and understand the PTC phenotype, which can guide novel curative interventions to replicate this phenotype in post-treatment non-controllers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander O Pasternak
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang X, Cao Z, Li L, Lu P, Geng Q, Yan L, Liu B, Lin L, Zhang L, Shi C, Tan Y, He X, Li L, Zhao N, Lu C. Triptolide-induced acute liver injury and its mechanism with estradiol in regulating macrophage-mediated inflammation and hepatocyte function. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 180:117481. [PMID: 39316971 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Triptolide (TP), a diterpene from Tripterygium wilfordii, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antitumor properties but is limited by severe hepatotoxicity. This study investigates sex differences in TP-induced liver injury and the protective role of estradiol (E2) in modulating macrophage-mediated inflammation and hepatocyte function. An acute liver injury model was established in male and female Balb/c mice using intraperitoneal TP injection. Liver function tests, histological analyses, and immunohistochemical staining were performed. THP-1 macrophage and various liver cell lines were used to study the effects of TP and E2 in vitro. Virtual screening, molecular docking, luciferase assays, and qPCR were employed to identify potential targets and elucidate underlying mechanisms. TP caused more severe liver injury in female mice, evidenced by increased liver indices, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and extensive hepatocyte damage. TP promoted M1 macrophage polarization, enhancing inflammation, particularly in female mice. E2 mitigated TP-induced inflammatory responses by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage activation markers. Molecular docking and functional assays identified Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2) as a key target mediating the protective effects of E2. The study highlights significant sex differences in TP-induced hepatotoxicity, with females being more susceptible. E2 exerts protective effects against TP-induced liver injury by modulating immune responses, presenting a potential therapeutic approach to mitigate drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Further research on NR1I2 could lead to targeted therapies for reducing drug-induced liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Cao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing NO.6 hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Geng
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Yan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changqi Shi
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Guerra G, Nakase T, Kachuri L, McCoy L, Hansen HM, Rice T, Wiemels JL, Wiencke JK, Molinaro AM, Wrensch M, Francis SS. Association of immunoglobulin E levels with glioma risk and survival. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.09.24307132. [PMID: 38766059 PMCID: PMC11100947 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.09.24307132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Previous epidemiologic studies have reported an association of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels with reduced glioma risk, but the association between IgE and glioma prognosis has not been characterized. This study aimed to examine how sex, tumor subtype, and IgE class modulate the association of serum IgE levels with glioma risk and survival. Methods We conducted a case-control study using participants from the University of California, San Francisco Adult Glioma Study (1997-2010). Serum IgE levels for total, respiratory and food allergy were measured in adults diagnosed with glioma (n=1319) and cancer-free controls (n=1139) matched based on age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Logistic regression was adjusted for patient demographics to assess the association between IgE levels and glioma risk. Multivariable Cox regression adjusted for patient-specific and tumor-specific factors compared survival between the elevated and normal IgE groups. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results Elevated total IgE was associated with reduced risk of IDH-wildtype (RR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.71-0.86) and IDH-mutant glioma (RR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.63-0.85). In multivariable Cox regression, positive respiratory IgE was associated with improved survival for IDH-wildtype glioma (RR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.67-0.93). The reduction in mortality risk was significant in females only (RR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.57-0.98) with an improvement in median survival of 6.9 months (P<.001). Conclusion Elevated serum IgE was associated with improved prognosis for IDH-wildtype glioma, with a more pronounced protective effect in females than males, which has implications for the future study of IgE-based immunotherapies for glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geno Guerra
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Taishi Nakase
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lucie McCoy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Helen M. Hansen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Terri Rice
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph. L. Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John K. Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annette M. Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Margaret Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen S. Francis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fischer J, Shutta KH, Chen C, Fanfani V, Saha E, Mandros P, Ben Guebila M, Xiu J, Nieva J, Liu S, Uprety D, Spetzler D, Lopes-Ramos CM, DeMeo D, Quackenbush J. Selective loss of Y chromosomes in lung adenocarcinoma modulates the tumor immune environment through cancer/testis antigens. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.19.613876. [PMID: 39345481 PMCID: PMC11430018 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.19.613876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing recognition that the sex chromosomes, X and Y, play an important role in health and disease that goes beyond the determination of biological sex. Loss of the Y chromosome (LOY) in blood, which occurs naturally in aging men, has been found to be a driver of cardiac fibrosis and heart failure mortality. LOY also occurs in most solid tumors in males and is often associated with worse survival, suggesting that LOY may give tumor cells a growth or survival advantage. We analyzed LOY in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) using both bulk and single-cell expression data and found evidence suggesting that LOY affects the tumor immune environment by altering cancer/testis antigen expression and consequently facilitating tumor immune evasion. Analyzing immunotherapy data, we show that LOY and changes in expression of particular cancer/testis antigens are associated with response to pembrolizumab treatment and outcome, providing a new and powerful biomarker for predicting immunotherapy response in LUAD tumors in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Fischer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
- Department for Computer Vision and Machine Learning, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg E1 4, Saarbrücken, 66123, Germany
| | - Katherine H. Shutta
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - Viola Fanfani
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - Enakshi Saha
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - Panagiotis Mandros
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - Marouen Ben Guebila
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - Joanne Xiu
- Caris Life Sciences, 4610 South 44th Place, Phoenix, 85040, AZ, United States
| | - Jorge Nieva
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, United States
| | - Stephen Liu
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, 20007, DC, United States
| | - Dipesh Uprety
- Karmanos Cancer Center, 4100 John R , Detroit, 48201, MI, United States
| | - David Spetzler
- Caris Life Sciences, 4610 South 44th Place, Phoenix, 85040, AZ, United States
| | - Camila M. Lopes-Ramos
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - Dawn DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kufazvinei TTJ, Chai J, Boden KA, Channon KM, Choudhury RP. Emerging opportunities to target inflammation: myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:1241-1252. [PMID: 39027945 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
After myocardial infarction (MI), patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased rate of adverse outcomes, compared to patients without. Diabetes confers a 1.5-2-fold increase in early mortality and, importantly, this discrepancy has been consistent over recent decades, despite advances in treatment and overall survival. Certain assumptions have emerged to explain this increased risk, such as differences in infarct size or coronary artery disease severity. Here, we re-evaluate that evidence and show how contemporary analyses using state-of-the-art characterization tools suggest that the received wisdom tells an incomplete story. Simultaneously, epidemiological and mechanistic biological data suggest additional factors relating to processes of diabetes-related inflammation might play a prominent role. Inflammatory processes after MI mediate injury and repair and are thus a potential therapeutic target. Recent studies have shown how diabetes affects immune cell numbers and drives changes in the bone marrow, leading to pro-inflammatory gene expression and functional suppression of healing and repair. Here, we review and re-evaluate the evidence around adverse prognosis in patients with diabetes after MI, with emphasis on how targeting processes of inflammation presents unexplored, yet valuable opportunities to improve cardiovascular outcomes in this vulnerable patient group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tafadzwa T J Kufazvinei
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jason Chai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Katherine A Boden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Robin P Choudhury
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shanmugavadivu A, Carter K, Zonouzi AP, Waisman A, Regen T. Protocol for the collection and analysis of the different immune cell subsets in the murine intestinal lamina propria. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:103154. [PMID: 38935510 PMCID: PMC11260864 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal lamina propria (LP) is a leukocyte-rich cornerstone of the immune system owing to its vital role in immune surveillance and barrier defense against external pathogens. Here, we present a protocol for isolating and analyzing immune cell subsets from the mouse intestinal LP for further downstream applications. Starting from tissue collection and cleaning, epithelium removal, and enzymatic digestion to collection of single cells, we explain each step in detail to maximize the yield of immune cells from the intestinal LP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthi Shanmugavadivu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Lab of Neuroimmunology, VIB-UAntwerp Center for Molecular Neurology, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Katlynn Carter
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Aysan Poursadegh Zonouzi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tommy Regen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
De Paula GC, Simões RF, Garcia-Serrano AM, Duarte JMN. High-fat and High-sucrose Diet-induced Hypothalamic Inflammation Shows Sex Specific Features in Mice. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04243-4. [PMID: 39302596 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Hypothalamic inflammation underlies diet-induced obesity and diabetes in rodent models. While diet normalization largely allows for recovery from metabolic impairment, it remains unknown whether long-term hypothalamic inflammation induced by obesogenic diets is a reversible process. In this study, we aimed at determining sex specificity of hypothalamic neuroinflammation and gliosis in mice fed a fat- and sugar-rich diet, and their reversibility upon diet normalization. Mice were fed a 60%-fat diet complemented by a 20% sucrose drink (HFHSD) for 3 days or 24 weeks, followed by a third group that had their diet normalized for the last 8 weeks of the study (reverse diet group, RevD). We determined the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and of the inflammatory cell markers IBA1, CD68, GFAP and EMR1 in the hypothalamus, and analyzed morphology of microglia (IBA-1+ cells) and astrocytes (GFAP+ cells) in the arcuate nucleus. After 3 days of HFHSD feeding, male mice showed over-expression of IL-13, IL-18, IFN-γ, CD68 and EMR1 and reduced expression of IL-10, while females showed increased IL-6 and IBA1 and reduced IL-13, compared to controls. After 24 weeks of HFHSD exposure, male mice showed a general depression in the expression of cytokines, with prominent reduction of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-13, but increased TGF-β, while female mice showed over-expression of IFN-γ and IL-18. Furthermore, both female and male mice showed some degree of gliosis after HFHSD feeding for 24 weeks. In mice of both sexes, diet normalization after prolonged HFHSD feeding resulted in partial neuroinflammation recovery in the hypothalamus, but gliosis was only recovered in females. In sum, HFHSD-fed mice display sex-specific inflammatory processes in the hypothalamus that are not fully reversible after diet normalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela C De Paula
- Diabetes and Brain Function Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | - Rui F Simões
- Diabetes and Brain Function Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alba M Garcia-Serrano
- Diabetes and Brain Function Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - João M N Duarte
- Diabetes and Brain Function Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Arlt E, Kindermann A, Fritsche AK, Navarrete Santos A, Kielstein H, Bazwinsky-Wutschke I. A Flow Cytometry-Based Examination of the Mouse White Blood Cell Differential in the Context of Age and Sex. Cells 2024; 13:1583. [PMID: 39329764 PMCID: PMC11430320 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the white blood cell differential as part of a flow cytometry-based approach is a common routine diagnostic tool used in clinics and research. For human blood, the methodological approach, suitable markers, and gating strategies are well-established. However, there is a lack of information regarding the mouse blood count. In this article, we deliver a fast and easy protocol for reprocessing mouse blood for the purpose of flow cytometric analysis, as well as suitable markers and gating strategies. We also present two possible applications: for the analysis of the whole blood count, with blood from a cardiac puncture, and for the analysis of a certain leukocyte subset at multiple time points in the framework of a mouse experiment, using blood from the facial vein. Additionally, we provide orientation values by applying the method to 3-month-old and 24-month-old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Our analyses demonstrate differences in the leukocyte fractions depending on age and sex. We discuss the influencing factors and limitations that can affect the results and that, therefore, need to be considered when applying this method. The present study fills the gap in the knowledge related to the rare information on flow cytometric analysis of mouse blood and, thus, lays the foundation for further investigations in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Arlt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
| | - Andrea Kindermann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
| | - Anne-Kristin Fritsche
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Navarrete Santos
- Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Heike Kielstein
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
| | - Ivonne Bazwinsky-Wutschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; (A.K.); (A.-K.F.); (H.K.); (I.B.-W.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dooling LJ, Anlaş AA, Tobin MP, Ontko NM, Marchena T, Wang M, Andrechak JC, Discher DE. Clustered macrophages cooperate to eliminate tumors via coordinated intrudopodia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.19.613918. [PMID: 39345601 PMCID: PMC11430028 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.19.613918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages often pervade solid tumors, but their nearest neighbor organization is understudied and potentially enables key functions such as phagocytosis. Here, we observe dynamic macrophage clusters in tumors under conditions that maximize cancer cell phagocytosis and use reductionist approaches to uncover pathways to cluster formation and roles for tumor-intrusive pseudopodia, which we term 'intrudopodia'. Macrophage clusters form over hours on low- adhesion substrates after M1 polarization with interferons, including T cell-derived cytokines, and yet clusters prove fluid on timescales of minutes. Clusters also sort from M2 macrophages that disperse on the same substrates. M1 macrophages upregulate specific cell-cell adhesion receptors but suppress actomyosin contractility, and while both pathways contribute to cluster formation, decreased cortical tension was predicted to unleash pseudopodia. Macrophage neighbors in tumor spheroids indeed extend intrudopodia between adjacent cancer cell junctions - at least when phagocytosis conditions are maximized, and coordinated intrudopodia help detach and individualize cancer cells for rapid engulfment. Macrophage clusters thereby provide a cooperative advantage for phagocytosis to overcome solid tumor cohesion.
Collapse
|
43
|
Bannert U, Siewert-Markus U, Klinger-König J, Grabe HJ, Stracke S, Dörr M, Völzke H, Markus MR, Töpfer P, Ittermann T. Major depression recurrence is associated with differences in obesity-related traits in women, but not in men. Eur Psychiatry 2024; 67:e55. [PMID: 39301585 PMCID: PMC11457113 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-related cardiometabolic comorbidity is common in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, sex differences and MDD recurrence may modify the MDD-obesity-link. METHODS Sex-specific associations of MDD recurrence (single [MDDS] or recurrent episodes [MDDR]) and obesity-related traits were analyzed in 4.100 adults (51.6% women) from a cross-sectional population-based cohort in Germany (SHIP-Trend-0). DSM-IV-based lifetime MDD diagnoses and MDD recurrence status were obtained through diagnostic interviews. Obesity-related outcomes included anthropometrics (weight, body mass index, waist- and hip-circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio), bioelectrical impedance analysis of body fat mass and fat-free mass, and subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from abdominal magnetic resonance imaging. Sex-stratified linear regression models predicting obesity-related traits from MDD recurrence status were adjusted for age, education, and current depressive symptoms. RESULTS 790 participants (19.3%) fulfilled lifetime MDD criteria (23.8% women vs. 14.5% men, p<0.001). In women, MDDS was inversely associated with anthropometric indicators of general and central obesity, while MDDR was positively associated with all obesity-related traits, except waist-to-hip ratio and fat-free mass. In women, MDDR versus MDDS was associated with higher levels of obesity across all outcomes except fat-free mass. In men, MDD was positively associated with SAT regardless of MDD recurrence. Additionally, lifetime MDD was positively associated with VAT in men. Results remained significant in sensitivity analyses after exclusion of participants with current use of antidepressants. CONCLUSIONS The MDD-obesity association is modified by MDD recurrence and sex independent of current depressive symptoms. Accounting for sex and MDD recurrence may identify individuals with MDD at increased cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urs Bannert
- University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulrike Siewert-Markus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Johanna Klinger-König
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site, Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sylvia Stracke
- Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcello R.P. Markus
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Philipp Töpfer
- Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Till Ittermann
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Coig R, Harrison BR, Johnson RS, MacCoss MJ, Promislow DE. Tissue-specific metabolomic signatures for a doublesex model of reduced sexual dimorphism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.11.612537. [PMID: 39345368 PMCID: PMC11429604 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.11.612537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Sex has a major effect on the metabolome. However, we do not yet understand the degree to which these quantitative sex differences in metabolism are associated with anatomical dimorphism and modulated by sex-specific tissues. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, knocking out the doublesex (dsx) gene gives rise to adults with intermediate sex characteristics. Here we sought to determine the degree to which this key node in sexual development leads to sex differences in the fly metabolome. We measured 91 metabolites across head, thorax and abdomen in Drosophila, comparing the differences between distinctly sex-dimorphic flies with those of reduced sexual dimorphism: dsx null flies. Notably, in the reduced dimorphism flies, we observed a sex difference in only 1 of 91 metabolites, kynurenate, whereas 51% of metabolites (46/91) were significantly different between wildtype XX and XY flies in at least one tissue, suggesting that dsx plays a major role in sex differences in fly metabolism. Kynurenate was consistently higher in XX flies in both the presence and absence of functioning dsx. We observed tissue-specific consequences of knocking out dsx. Metabolites affected by sex were significantly enriched in branched chain amino acid metabolism and the mTOR pathway. This highlights the importance of considering variation in genes that cause anatomical sexual dimorphism when analyzing sex differences in metabolic profiles and interpreting their biological significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rene Coig
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Benjamin R. Harrison
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Richard S. Johnson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michael J. MacCoss
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Daniel E.L. Promislow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Current address: Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Luan X, Zhao L, Zhang F, Wang W, Jiao F, Zhou X, Niu P, Han X, Zhang X, Zhao D, He M, Guan Q, Li Y, Chen Y. Sex disparity, prediagnosis lifestyle factors, and long-term survival of gastric cancer: a multi-center cohort study from China. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1149. [PMID: 39285317 PMCID: PMC11403820 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This multi-center cohort study aimed to investigate whether sex and prediagnosis lifestyle affect the prognosis of gastric cancer. METHODS Patients with gastric cancer were from four gastric cancer cohorts of the National Cancer Center of China, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, and Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital. Prediagnosis lifestyle factors in our study included body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis, usual BMI, weight loss, the history of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, and the status of smoking and drinking. RESULTS Four gastric cancer cohorts with 29,779 gastric cancer patients were included. In total patients, female patients had a better prognosis than male patients (HR = 0.938, 95%CI: 0.881-0.999, P = 0.046). For prediagnosis lifestyle factors, BMI at diagnosis, usual BMI and the amount of smoking were statistically associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Female patients with smoking history had a poorer survival than non-smoking females (HR = 0.782, 95%CI: 0.616-0.993, P = 0.044). Tobacco consumption > 40 cigarettes per day (HR = 1.182, 95%CI: 1.035-1.350, P = 0.013) was independent adverse prognostic factors in male patients. Obesity paradox was observed only in male patients (BMI < 18.5, HR = 1.145, 95%CI: 1.019-1.286, P = 0.023; BMI: 23-27.4, HR = 0.875, 95%CI: 0.824-0.930, P < 0.001; BMI ≥ 27.5, HR = 0.807, 95%CI: 0.735-0.886, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Sex and some prediagnosis lifestyle factors, including BMI at diagnosis, usual BMI and the amount of smoking, were associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Luan
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanqing Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fuzhi Jiao
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiadong Zhou
- Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Penghui Niu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue Han
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Mingyan He
- Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Quanlin Guan
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yumin Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yingtai Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing, 100021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang R, Qiu C, Filippova G, Li G, Shendure J, Vert JP, Deng X, Disteche C, Noble WS. Multi-condition and multi-modal temporal profile inference during mouse embryonic development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.03.583179. [PMID: 38496477 PMCID: PMC10942306 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.03.583179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of single-cell time-series datasets enables modeling of changes in various types of cellular profiles over time. However, due to the disruptive nature of single-cell measurements, it is impossible to capture the full temporal trajectory of a particular cell. Furthermore, single-cell profiles can be collected at mismatched time points across different conditions (e.g., sex, batch, disease) and data modalities (e.g., scRNA-seq, scATAC-seq), which makes modeling challenging. Here we propose a joint modeling framework, Sunbear, for integrating multi-condition and multi-modal single-cell profiles across time. Sunbear can be used to impute single-cell temporal profile changes, align multi-dataset and multi-modal profiles across time, and extrapolate single-cell profiles in a missing modality. We applied Sunbear to reveal sex-biased transcription during mouse embryonic development and predict dynamic relationships between epigenetic priming and transcription for cells in which multi-modal profiles are unavailable. Sunbear thus enables the projection of single-cell time-series snapshots to multi-modal and multi-condition views of cellular trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington
- eScience Institute, University of Washington
| | | | | | - Gang Li
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington
- eScience Institute, University of Washington
| | - Jay Shendure
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Washington
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Allen Center for Cell Lineage Tracing
| | | | - Xinxian Deng
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington
| | | | - William Stafford Noble
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
González Zarzar T, Palmiero NE, Kim D, Shen L, Hall MA. Differential effects of environmental exposures on clinically relevant endophenotypes between sexes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21453. [PMID: 39271740 PMCID: PMC11399237 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Sex and gender differences play a crucial role in health and disease outcomes. This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to explore how environmental exposures affect health-related traits differently in males and females. We utilized a sex-stratified phenomic environment-wide association study (PheEWAS), which allowed the identification of associations across a wide range of phenotypes and environmental exposures. We examined associations between 272 environmental exposures, including smoking-related exposures such as cotinine levels and smoking habits, and 58 clinically relevant blood phenotypes, such as serum albumin and homocysteine levels. Our analysis identified 119 sex-specific associations. For example, smoking-related exposures had a stronger impact on increasing homocysteine, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels in females while reducing serum albumin and bilirubin levels and increasing c-reactive protein levels more significantly in males. These findings suggest mechanisms by which smoking exposure may pose higher cardiovascular risks and greater induced hypoxia for women, and greater inflammatory and immune responses in men. The results highlight the importance of considering sex differences in biomedical research. Understanding these differences can help develop more personalized and effective health interventions and improve clinical outcomes for both men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás González Zarzar
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Nicole E Palmiero
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Molly A Hall
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Alsina M, Fleitas-Kanonnikoff T. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for first-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. MED 2024; 5:1038-1040. [PMID: 39276766 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. He et al. present the final results of the randomized phase 3 ESCORT-1st trial, confirming positive survival outcomes when adding the anti-PD1 inhibitor camrelizumab to first-line chemotherapy treatment in Chinese patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer.1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alsina
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Translational Medical Oncology Investigational Group, Navarrabiomed - IdiSNA, C/ Irunlarrea 3, 35008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Saadh MJ, Mustafa AN, Mustafa MA, S RJ, Dabis HK, Prasad GVS, Mohammad IJ, Adnan A, Idan AH. The role of gut-derived short-chain fatty acids in Parkinson's disease. Neurogenetics 2024:10.1007/s10048-024-00779-3. [PMID: 39266892 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The emerging function of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been investigated in this article. SCFAs, which are generated via the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota, have been associated with dysfunction of the gut-brain axis and, neuroinflammation. These processes are integral to the development of PD. This article examines the potential therapeutic implications of SCFAs in the management of PD, encompassing their capacity to modulate gastrointestinal permeability, neuroinflammation, and neuronal survival, by conducting an extensive literature review. As a whole, this article emphasizes the potential therapeutic utility of SCFAs as targets for the management and treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan.
| | | | - Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa
- School of Pharmacy-Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, 247341, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India
| | - Renuka Jyothi S
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - G V Siva Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra, Pradesh-531162, India
| | - Imad Jassim Mohammad
- College of Health and Medical Technology, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Adnan
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Meng Y, Han H, Zhu S, Li C, Li H, Wang Z, Wu R, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Gong Y, Song Y, Lv T, Liu H. Identifying patients who benefit more from perioperative immunotherapy combinations for resectable non-small cell lung cancer based on clinical and molecular characteristics: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03712-0. [PMID: 39264530 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to identify patient subgroups who benefit more from perioperative immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (IO-CT) based on clinical and molecular characteristics in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on perioperative IO-CT were searched. Beneficial differences of IO-CT regimens across different patient subgroups were assessed by pooling trial-specific ratios in event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), pathological complete response (pCR), and major pathological response (MPR). RESULTS Six studies (n = 3003) involving five IO-CT regimens were included. Compared to CT alone, all IO-CT regimens significantly improved EFS, OS, MPR, and pCR, but increased toxicity. Toripa-chemo showed the best EFS and nivo-chemo showed the best OS. Patients with PD-L1 ≥ 1% had more EFS benefits compared to those with PD-L1 < 1% (HR [hazard ratio]: 1.55, 95% CI 1.17-2.04). Squamous NSCLC patients had significantly more pCR and MPR benefits than non-squamous NSCLC patients (pCR: OR [odds ratio] 0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.95; MPR: OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45-0.82). Former smokers had significantly higher pCR benefits than non-smokers (OR: 2.18; 95% CI 1.21-3.92). Additionally, OS benefit was significantly higher in patients < 65 years compared to those ≥ 65 years (HR ratio: 0.59, 95% CI 0.36-0.95). For MPR, males benefited significantly more from IO-CT compared to females (OR: 1.69, 95% CI 1.18-2.42). CONCLUSION Perioperative IO-CT is more effective but more toxic than CT alone in resectable NSCLC. Patients with PD-L1 ≥ 1%, squamous NSCLC, a history of smoking, age < 65 years and male gender may experience greater benefits from perioperative IO-CT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunchang Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Hedong Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Suhua Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuling Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaofeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ranpu Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanzhuo Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|