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Liu Z, Deligen B, Han Z, Gerile C, Da A. Integrated sequence-based genomic, transcriptomic, and methylation characterization of the susceptibility to tuberculosis in monozygous twins. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31712. [PMID: 38845983 PMCID: PMC11153169 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a complex disease with a spectrum of outcomes for more than six decades; however, the genomic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the highly heritable susceptibility to TB remain unclear. Methods Integrated sequence-based genomic, transcriptomic, and methylation analyses were conducted to identity the genetic factors associated with susceptibility to TB in two pairs of Mongolian monozygous twins. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was employed to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions (InDels), and copy number variations (CNVs). Gene expression was assessed through RNA sequencing, and methylation patterns were examined using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip. The gene-gene interaction network was analyzed using differentially expressed genes. Results Our study revealed no significant difference in SNP and InDel profiles between participants with and without TB. Genes with CNVs were involved in human immunity (human leukocyte antigen [HLA] family and interferon [IFN] pathway) and the inflammatory response. Different DNA methylation patterns and mRNA expression profiles were observed in genes participating in immunity (HLA family) and inflammatory responses (IFNA, interleukin 10 receptor [IL-10R], IL-12B, Toll-like receptor, and IL-1B). Conclusions The results of this study suggested that susceptibility to TB is associated with transcriptional and epigenetic alternations of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. The genes in the HLA family (HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1) and IFN pathway (IFN-α and IFN-γ) may play major roles in susceptibility to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Batu Deligen
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chaolumen Gerile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital, Xilinhaote, 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - An Da
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
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2
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Casanova JL, MacMicking JD, Nathan CF. Interferon- γ and infectious diseases: Lessons and prospects. Science 2024; 384:eadl2016. [PMID: 38635718 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to claim many lives. Prevention of morbidity and mortality from these diseases would benefit not just from new medicines and vaccines but also from a better understanding of what constitutes protective immunity. Among the major immune signals that mobilize host defense against infection is interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a protein secreted by lymphocytes. Forty years ago, IFN-γ was identified as a macrophage-activating factor, and, in recent years, there has been a resurgent interest in IFN-γ biology and its role in human defense. Here we assess the current understanding of IFN-γ, revisit its designation as an "interferon," and weigh its prospects as a therapeutic against globally pervasive microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - John D MacMicking
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06477, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Carl F Nathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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3
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Bohlen J, Zhou Q, Philippot Q, Ogishi M, Rinchai D, Nieminen T, Seyedpour S, Parvaneh N, Rezaei N, Yazdanpanah N, Momenilandi M, Conil C, Neehus AL, Schmidt C, Arango-Franco CA, Voyer TL, Khan T, Yang R, Puchan J, Erazo L, Roiuk M, Vatovec T, Janda Z, Bagarić I, Materna M, Gervais A, Li H, Rosain J, Peel JN, Seeleuthner Y, Han JE, L'Honneur AS, Moncada-Vélez M, Martin-Fernandez M, Horesh ME, Kochetkov T, Schmidt M, AlShehri MA, Salo E, Saxen H, ElGhazali G, Yatim A, Soudée C, Sallusto F, Ensser A, Marr N, Zhang P, Bogunovic D, Cobat A, Shahrooei M, Béziat V, Abel L, Wang X, Boisson-Dupuis S, Teleman AA, Bustamante J, Zhang Q, Casanova JL. Human MCTS1-dependent translation of JAK2 is essential for IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria. Cell 2023; 186:5114-5134.e27. [PMID: 37875108 PMCID: PMC10841658 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Human inherited disorders of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) immunity underlie severe mycobacterial diseases. We report X-linked recessive MCTS1 deficiency in men with mycobacterial disease from kindreds of different ancestries (from China, Finland, Iran, and Saudi Arabia). Complete deficiency of this translation re-initiation factor impairs the translation of a subset of proteins, including the kinase JAK2 in all cell types tested, including T lymphocytes and phagocytes. JAK2 expression is sufficiently low to impair cellular responses to interleukin-23 (IL-23) and partially IL-12, but not other JAK2-dependent cytokines. Defective responses to IL-23 preferentially impair the production of IFN-γ by innate-like adaptive mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT) and γδ T lymphocytes upon mycobacterial challenge. Surprisingly, the lack of MCTS1-dependent translation re-initiation and ribosome recycling seems to be otherwise physiologically redundant in these patients. These findings suggest that X-linked recessive human MCTS1 deficiency underlies isolated mycobacterial disease by impairing JAK2 translation in innate-like adaptive T lymphocytes, thereby impairing the IL-23-dependent induction of IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Bohlen
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Qinhua Zhou
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102 Shanghai, China
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tea Nieminen
- New Children's Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simin Seyedpour
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Children's Medical Center, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 1419733151 Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Yazdanpanah
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 1419733151 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mana Momenilandi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Clément Conil
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Carltin Schmidt
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carlos A Arango-Franco
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Taushif Khan
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar; Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar; The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Julia Puchan
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, 8049 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Erazo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mykola Roiuk
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Taja Vatovec
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zarah Janda
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivan Bagarić
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hailun Li
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jessica N Peel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ji Eun Han
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Marcela Moncada-Vélez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marta Martin-Fernandez
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael E Horesh
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tatiana Kochetkov
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Monika Schmidt
- University Hospital Erlangen, Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohammed A AlShehri
- King Fahad Medical City, Children's Specialized Hospital, 12231 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eeva Salo
- New Children's Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Saxen
- New Children's Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gehad ElGhazali
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City- Union71, Purehealth, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Yatim
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Camille Soudée
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, 8049 Zürich, Switzerland; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Armin Ensser
- University Hospital Erlangen, Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nico Marr
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar; Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Dr. Shahrooei Laboratory, 22 Bahman St., Ashrafi Esfahani Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102 Shanghai, China
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aurelio A Teleman
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France.
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Balan C, Ciuhodaru T, Bubenek-Turconi SI. Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 - From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to a Personalized Therapeutic Model. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures) 2023; 9:148-161. [PMID: 37588184 PMCID: PMC10425930 DOI: 10.2478/jccm-2023-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is a common complication of COVID-19, frequently fuelled by a complex interplay of factors. These include tubular injury and three primary drivers of cardiocirculatory instability: heart-lung interaction abnormalities, myocardial damage, and disturbances in fluid balance. Further complicating this dynamic, renal vulnerability to a "second-hit" injury, like a SARS-CoV-2 infection, is heightened by advanced age, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, the influence of chronic treatment protocols, which may constrain the compensatory intrarenal hemodynamic mechanisms, warrants equal consideration. COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury not only escalates mortality rates but also significantly affects long-term kidney function recovery, particularly in severe instances. Thus, the imperative lies in developing and applying therapeutic strategies capable of warding off acute kidney injury and decelerating the transition into chronic kidney disease after an acute event. This narrative review aims to proffer a flexible diagnostic and therapeutic strategy that recognizes the multi-faceted nature of COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury in critically ill patients and underlines the crucial role of a tailored, overarching hemodynamic and respiratory framework in managing this complex clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin Balan
- Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu Emergency Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tudor Ciuhodaru
- Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu Emergency Clinical Hospital, Iași, Romania
| | - Serban-Ion Bubenek-Turconi
- Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu Emergency Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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5
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Marin-Neto JA, Rassi A, Oliveira GMM, Correia LCL, Ramos Júnior AN, Luquetti AO, Hasslocher-Moreno AM, Sousa ASD, Paola AAVD, Sousa ACS, Ribeiro ALP, Correia Filho D, Souza DDSMD, Cunha-Neto E, Ramires FJA, Bacal F, Nunes MDCP, Martinelli Filho M, Scanavacca MI, Saraiva RM, Oliveira Júnior WAD, Lorga-Filho AM, Guimarães ADJBDA, Braga ALL, Oliveira ASD, Sarabanda AVL, Pinto AYDN, Carmo AALD, Schmidt A, Costa ARD, Ianni BM, Markman Filho B, Rochitte CE, Macêdo CT, Mady C, Chevillard C, Virgens CMBD, Castro CND, Britto CFDPDC, Pisani C, Rassi DDC, Sobral Filho DC, Almeida DRD, Bocchi EA, Mesquita ET, Mendes FDSNS, Gondim FTP, Silva GMSD, Peixoto GDL, Lima GGD, Veloso HH, Moreira HT, Lopes HB, Pinto IMF, Ferreira JMBB, Nunes JPS, Barreto-Filho JAS, Saraiva JFK, Lannes-Vieira J, Oliveira JLM, Armaganijan LV, Martins LC, Sangenis LHC, Barbosa MPT, Almeida-Santos MA, Simões MV, Yasuda MAS, Moreira MDCV, Higuchi MDL, Monteiro MRDCC, Mediano MFF, Lima MM, Oliveira MTD, Romano MMD, Araujo NNSLD, Medeiros PDTJ, Alves RV, Teixeira RA, Pedrosa RC, Aras Junior R, Torres RM, Povoa RMDS, Rassi SG, Alves SMM, Tavares SBDN, Palmeira SL, Silva Júnior TLD, Rodrigues TDR, Madrini Junior V, Brant VMDC, Dutra WO, Dias JCP. SBC Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Cardiomyopathy of Chagas Disease - 2023. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20230269. [PMID: 37377258 PMCID: PMC10344417 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Marin-Neto
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
| | - Anis Rassi
- Hospital do Coração Anis Rassi , Goiânia , GO - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Alejandro Ostermayer Luquetti
- Centro de Estudos da Doença de Chagas , Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , GO - Brasil
| | | | - Andréa Silvestre de Sousa
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | - Antônio Carlos Sobral Sousa
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe , São Cristóvão , SE - Brasil
- Hospital São Lucas , Rede D`Or São Luiz , Aracaju , SE - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Edecio Cunha-Neto
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade, São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Felix Jose Alvarez Ramires
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Fernando Bacal
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Martino Martinelli Filho
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Maurício Ibrahim Scanavacca
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Roberto Magalhães Saraiva
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | - Adalberto Menezes Lorga-Filho
- Instituto de Moléstias Cardiovasculares , São José do Rio Preto , SP - Brasil
- Hospital de Base de Rio Preto , São José do Rio Preto , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Ana Yecê das Neves Pinto
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | - Andre Schmidt
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
| | - Andréa Rodrigues da Costa
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Barbara Maria Ianni
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Rochitte
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Hcor , Associação Beneficente Síria , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Charles Mady
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Christophe Chevillard
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Marselha - França
| | | | | | | | - Cristiano Pisani
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Edimar Alcides Bocchi
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Evandro Tinoco Mesquita
- Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro da Faculdade Federal Fluminense , Niterói , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Henrique Horta Veloso
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Henrique Turin Moreira
- Hospital das Clínicas , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - João Paulo Silva Nunes
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
- Fundação Zerbini, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luiz Cláudio Martins
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Faculdade de Ciências Médicas , Campinas , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Marcos Vinicius Simões
- Universidade de São Paulo , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Ribeirão Preto , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Maria de Lourdes Higuchi
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia (INC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil
| | - Mayara Maia Lima
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde , Ministério da Saúde , Brasília , DF - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Renato Vieira Alves
- Instituto René Rachou , Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Ricardo Alkmim Teixeira
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Roberto Coury Pedrosa
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho , Instituto do Coração Edson Saad - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Silvia Marinho Martins Alves
- Ambulatório de Doença de Chagas e Insuficiência Cardíaca do Pronto Socorro Cardiológico Universitário da Universidade de Pernambuco (PROCAPE/UPE), Recife , PE - Brasil
| | | | - Swamy Lima Palmeira
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde , Ministério da Saúde , Brasília , DF - Brasil
| | | | | | - Vagner Madrini Junior
- Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - João Carlos Pinto Dias
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
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6
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Su HC, Jing H, Zhang Y, Casanova JL. Interfering with Interferons: A Critical Mechanism for Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia. Annu Rev Immunol 2023; 41:561-585. [PMID: 37126418 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101921-050835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in clinical outcomes ranging from silent or benign infection in most individuals to critical pneumonia and death in a few. Genetic studies in patients have established that critical cases can result from inborn errors of TLR3- or TLR7-dependent type I interferon immunity, or from preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing primarily IFN-α and/or IFN-ω. These findings are consistent with virological studies showing that multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins interfere with pathways of induction of, or response to, type I interferons. They are also congruent with cellular studies and mouse models that found that type I interferons can limit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo, while their absence or diminution unleashes viral growth. Collectively, these findings point to insufficient type I interferon during the first days of infection as a general mechanism underlying critical COVID-19 pneumonia, with implications for treatment and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Su
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
| | - Huie Jing
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
| | - Yu Zhang
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
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7
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Abstract
Immunity to infection has been extensively studied in humans and mice bearing naturally occurring or experimentally introduced germline mutations. Mouse studies are sometimes neglected by human immunologists, on the basis that mice are not humans and the infections studied are experimental and not natural. Conversely, human studies are sometimes neglected by mouse immunologists, on the basis of the uncontrolled conditions of study and small numbers of patients. However, both sides would agree that the infectious phenotypes of patients with inborn errors of immunity often differ from those of the corresponding mutant mice. Why is that? We argue that this important question is best addressed by revisiting and reinterpreting the findings of both mouse and human studies from a genetic perspective. Greater caution is required for reverse-genetics studies than for forward-genetics studies, but genetic analysis is sufficiently strong to define the studies likely to stand the test of time. Genetically robust mouse and human studies can provide invaluable complementary insights into the mechanisms of immunity to infection common and specific to these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Gros
- McGill University Research Center on Complex Traits, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada;
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, and University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute and Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
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8
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Liu Z, Garcia Reino EJ, Harschnitz O, Guo H, Chan YH, Khobrekar NV, Hasek ML, Dobbs K, Rinchai D, Materna M, Matuozzo D, Lee D, Bastard P, Chen J, Lee YS, Kim SK, Zhao S, Amin P, Lorenzo L, Seeleuthner Y, Chevalier R, Mazzola L, Gay C, Stephan JL, Milisavljevic B, Boucherit S, Rozenberg F, Perez de Diego R, Dix RD, Marr N, Béziat V, Cobat A, Aubart M, Abel L, Chabrier S, Smith GA, Notarangelo LD, Mocarski ES, Studer L, Casanova JL, Zhang SY. Encephalitis and poor neuronal death-mediated control of herpes simplex virus in human inherited RIPK3 deficiency. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eade2860. [PMID: 37083451 PMCID: PMC10337828 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.ade2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Inborn errors of TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity in cortical neurons underlie forebrain herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) encephalitis (HSE) due to uncontrolled viral growth and subsequent cell death. We report an otherwise healthy patient with HSE who was compound heterozygous for nonsense (R422*) and frameshift (P493fs9*) RIPK3 variants. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is a ubiquitous cytoplasmic kinase regulating cell death outcomes, including apoptosis and necroptosis. In vitro, the R422* and P493fs9* RIPK3 proteins impaired cellular apoptosis and necroptosis upon TLR3, TLR4, or TNFR1 stimulation and ZBP1/DAI-mediated necroptotic cell death after HSV-1 infection. The patient's fibroblasts displayed no detectable RIPK3 expression. After TNFR1 or TLR3 stimulation, the patient's cells did not undergo apoptosis or necroptosis. After HSV-1 infection, the cells supported excessive viral growth despite normal induction of antiviral IFN-β and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). This phenotype was, nevertheless, rescued by application of exogenous type I IFN. The patient's human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cortical neurons displayed impaired cell death and enhanced viral growth after HSV-1 infection, as did isogenic RIPK3-knockout hPSC-derived cortical neurons. Inherited RIPK3 deficiency therefore confers a predisposition to HSE by impairing the cell death-dependent control of HSV-1 in cortical neurons but not their production of or response to type I IFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eduardo J Garcia Reino
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver Harschnitz
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi-Montalcini, Milan, Italy
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, GA, USA
- School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport (LSUHSC-S), Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Yi-Hao Chan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noopur V Khobrekar
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary L Hasek
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Matuozzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Danyel Lee
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jie Chen
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoon Seung Lee
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Shuxiang Zhao
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Param Amin
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Remi Chevalier
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Laure Mazzola
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne, Paris, France
| | - Claire Gay
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne, Paris, France
| | | | - Baptiste Milisavljevic
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soraya Boucherit
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Laboratory of Virology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Rebeca Perez de Diego
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, La Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, La Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Interdepartmental Group of Immunodeficiencies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Richard D Dix
- Viral Immunology Center, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vivien Béziat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurelie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris City University, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Chabrier
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne, Paris, France
| | - Gregory A Smith
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edward S Mocarski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, GA, USA
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris City University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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9
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Casanova JL, Abel L. From rare disorders of immunity to common determinants of infection: Following the mechanistic thread. Cell 2022; 185:3086-3103. [PMID: 35985287 PMCID: PMC9386946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The immense interindividual clinical variability during any infection is a long-standing enigma. Inborn errors of IFN-γ and IFN-α/β immunity underlying rare infections with weakly virulent mycobacteria and seasonal influenza virus have inspired studies of two common infections: tuberculosis and COVID-19. A TYK2 genotype impairing IFN-γ production accounts for about 1% of tuberculosis cases, and autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α/β account for about 15% of critical COVID-19 cases. The discovery of inborn errors and mechanisms underlying rare infections drove the identification of common monogenic or autoimmune determinants of related common infections. This "rare-to-common" genetic and mechanistic approach to infectious diseases may be of heuristic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Laurent Abel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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10
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Klimek L. [Immune system and allergies-An unholy alliance]. Internist (Berl) 2022; 63:467-475. [PMID: 35391569 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-022-01327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Various factors affect the maturation of the infantile immune system both prenatally and postnatally, including risk and protective factors from the environment, nutrition, genetics and epigenetics. The microbiome seems to play a substantial role. The complex interaction and regulation of all these factors is ultimately decisive for whether a child develops an allergy during the course of development of the immune system. The genetic components play a decisive role in the development of allergic diseases. The epigenetic regulation could represent a mechanism where environmental influences act upon the immune regulation in the emergence of allergic diseases. The main factors in the pathophysiology of allergic reactions are a dysregulation of various cells of the innate and acquired immune systems as well as their interaction. This review describes the role of various T helper cell types in allergic diseases. The incidence and duration of airway infections are clearly increased in allergic patients compared to nonallergic controls. In addition to functional aspects, the reason for the more frequent infections is an impairment of the immune defence by the allergy-related persisting inflammation of the mucous membranes. These mechanisms must be differentiated from a true immunodeficiency. Allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma are nowadays no longer defined as separate diseases but as two forms of expression of an atopic entity with a similar pathology. Both diseases can be mediated by immunoglobulin E and be elicited by identical triggers. A bronchial hyperreactivity is detectable in the majority of patients with AR but without clinical asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Klimek
- Zentrum für Rhinologie und Allergologie Wiesbaden, An den Quellen 10, 65183, Wiesbaden, Deutschland.
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11
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Zan A, Xie ZR, Hsu YC, Chen YH, Lin TH, Chang YS, Chang KY. DeepFlu: a deep learning approach for forecasting symptomatic influenza A infection based on pre-exposure gene expression. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 213:106495. [PMID: 34798406 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Not everyone gets sick after an exposure to influenza A viruses (IAV). Although KLRD1 has been identified as a potential biomarker for influenza susceptibility, it remains unclear whether forecasting symptomatic flu infection based on pre-exposure host gene expression might be possible. METHOD To examine this hypothesis, we developed DeepFlu using the state-of-the-art deep learning approach on the human gene expression data infected with IAV subtype H1N1 or H3N2 viruses to forecast who would catch the flu prior to an exposure to IAV. RESULTS The results indicated that such forecast is possible and, in other words, gene expression could reflect the strength of host immunity. In the leave-one-person-out cross-validation, DeepFlu based on deep neural network outperformed the models using convolutional neural network, random forest, or support vector machine, achieving 70.0% accuracy, 0.787 AUROC, and 0.758 AUPR for H1N1 and 73.8% accuracy, 0.847 AUROC, and 0.901 AUPR for H3N2. In the external validation, DeepFlu also reached 71.4% accuracy, 0.700 AUROC, and 0.723 AUPR for H1N1 and 73.5% accuracy, 0.732 AUROC, and 0.749 AUPR for H3N2, surpassing the KLRD1 biomarker. In addition, DeepFlu which was trained only by pre-exposure data worked the best than by other time spans and mixed training data of H1N1 and H3N2 did not necessarily enhance prediction. DeepFlu is available at https://github.com/ntou-compbio/DeepFlu. CONCLUSIONS DeepFlu is a prognostic tool that can moderately recognize individuals susceptible to the flu and may help prevent the spread of IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zan
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zhong-Ru Xie
- Computational Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Yi-Chen Hsu
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hao Chen
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lin
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yong-Shan Chang
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuan Y Chang
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung Taiwan, ROC.
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12
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Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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13
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Su HC, Casanova JL. Editorial overview: Human inborn errors of immunity to infection. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 72:iii-v. [PMID: 34742535 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
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14
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The network interplay of interferon and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in the anti-Candida immune response. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20281. [PMID: 34645905 PMCID: PMC8514550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections represent a major global health problem affecting over a billion people that kills more than 1.5 million annually. In this study, we employed an integrative approach to reveal the landscape of the human immune responses to Candida spp. through meta-analysis of microarray, bulk, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data for the blood transcriptome. We identified across these different studies a consistent interconnected network interplay of signaling molecules involved in both Toll-like receptor (TLR) and interferon (IFN) signaling cascades that is activated in response to different Candida species (C. albicans, C. auris, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis). Among these molecules are several types I IFN, indicating an overlap with antiviral immune responses. scRNA-seq data confirmed that genes commonly identified by the three transcriptomic methods show cell type-specific expression patterns in various innate and adaptive immune cells. These findings shed new light on the anti-Candida immune response, providing putative molecular pathways for therapeutic intervention.
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15
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Bayoumi A, Elsayed A, Han S, Petta S, Adams LA, Aller R, Khan A, García‐Monzón C, Arias‐Loste MT, Miele L, Latchoumanin O, Alenizi S, Gallego‐Durán R, Fischer J, Berg T, Craxì A, Metwally M, Qiao L, Liddle C, Yki‐Järvinen H, Bugianesi E, Romero‐Gomez M, George J, Eslam M. Mistranslation Drives Alterations in Protein Levels and the Effects of a Synonymous Variant at the Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Locus. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004168. [PMID: 34141520 PMCID: PMC8188187 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a liver-derived hormone with pleiotropic beneficial effects on metabolism. Paradoxically, FGF21 levels are elevated in metabolic diseases. Interventions that restore metabolic homeostasis reduce FGF21. Whether abnormalities in FGF21 secretion or resistance in peripheral tissues is the initiating factor in altering FGF21 levels and function in humans is unknown. A genetic approach is used to help resolve this paradox. The authors demonstrate that the primary event in dysmetabolic phenotypes is the elevation of FGF21 secretion. The latter is regulated by translational reprogramming in a genotype- and context-dependent manner. To relate the findings to tissues outcomes, the minor (A) allele of rs838133 is shown to be associated with increased hepatic inflammation in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease. The results here highlight a dominant role for translation of the FGF21 protein to explain variations in blood levels that is at least partially inherited. These results provide a framework for translational reprogramming of FGF21 to treat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bayoumi
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Asmaa Elsayed
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Shuanglin Han
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Salvatore Petta
- Section of Gastroenterology and HepatologyPROMISEUniversity of PalermoPalermo90133Italy
| | - Leon A. Adams
- Medical SchoolSir Charles Gairdner Hospital UnitUniversity of Western AustraliaNedlandsWA6009Australia
| | - Rocio Aller
- GastroenterologyHospital Clinico Universitario de ValladolidSchool of MedicineValladolid UniversityValladolid47002Spain
| | - Anis Khan
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Carmelo García‐Monzón
- Liver Research UnitInstituto de Investigacion Sanitaria PrincesaUniversity Hospital Santa CristinaCIBERehdMadrid28009Spain
| | - María Teresa Arias‐Loste
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology DepartmentMarqués de Valdecilla University HospitalSantander39008Spain
| | - Luca Miele
- Department of Internal MedicineCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRome20123Italy
| | - Olivier Latchoumanin
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Shafi Alenizi
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Rocio Gallego‐Durán
- Virgen del Rocío University HospitalInstitute of Biomedicine of SevilleSevilla41013Spain
| | - Janett Fischer
- Division of HepatologyDepartment of Medicine IILeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzig04103Germany
| | - Thomas Berg
- Division of HepatologyDepartment of Medicine IILeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzig04103Germany
| | - Antonio Craxì
- Section of Gastroenterology and HepatologyPROMISEUniversity of PalermoPalermo90133Italy
| | - Mayada Metwally
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Hannele Yki‐Järvinen
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital and Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical ResearchHelsinki00290Finland
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of Medical ScienceUniversity of TurinTurin10124Italy
| | - Manuel Romero‐Gomez
- Virgen del Rocío University HospitalInstitute of Biomedicine of SevilleSevilla41013Spain
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver CentreWestmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneyWestmeadNSW2145Australia
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16
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Meyts I, Casanova JL. Viral infections in humans and mice with genetic deficiencies of the type I IFN response pathway. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1039-1061. [PMID: 33729549 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type I IFNs are so-named because they interfere with viral infection in vertebrate cells. The study of cellular responses to type I IFNs led to the discovery of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which also governs the response to other cytokine families. We review here the outcome of viral infections in mice and humans with engineered and inborn deficiencies, respectively, of (i) IFNAR1 or IFNAR2, selectively disrupting responses to type I IFNs, (ii) STAT1, STAT2, and IRF9, also impairing cellular responses to type II (for STAT1) and/or III (for STAT1, STAT2, IRF9) IFNs, and (iii) JAK1 and TYK2, also impairing cellular responses to cytokines other than IFNs. A picture is emerging of greater redundancy of human type I IFNs for protective immunity to viruses in natural conditions than was initially anticipated. Mouse type I IFNs are essential for protection against a broad range of viruses in experimental conditions. These findings suggest that various type I IFN-independent mechanisms of human cell-intrinsic immunity to viruses have yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
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Small Noncoding RNAs MTS0997 and MTS1338 Affect the Adaptation and Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is currently the leading cause of death among bacterial infectious diseases. The spectrum of disease manifestations depends on both host immune responses and the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to resist it. Small non-coding RNAs are known to regulate gene expression; however, their functional role in the relationship of M. tuberculosis with the host is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of small non-coding sRNAs MTS1338 and MTS0997 on M. tuberculosis properties by creating knockout strains. We also assessed the effect of small non-coding RNAs on the survival of wild type and mutant mycobacteria in primary cultures of human alveolar macrophages and the virulence of these strains in a mouse infection model. Wild-type and mutants survived differentially in human alveolar macrophages. Infection of I/St mice with KO M. tuberculosis H37RV strains provided beneficial effects onto major TB phenotypes. We observed attenuated tuberculosis-specific inflammatory responses, including reduced cellular infiltration and decreased granuloma formation in the lungs. Infections caused by KO strains were characterized by significantly lower inflammation of mouse lung tissue and increased survival time of infected animals. Thus, the deletion of MTS0997 and MTS1338 lead to a significant decrease in the virulence of M. tuberculosis.
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18
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Casanova JL, Abel L. Lethal Infectious Diseases as Inborn Errors of Immunity: Toward a Synthesis of the Germ and Genetic Theories. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 16:23-50. [PMID: 32289233 PMCID: PMC7923385 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-031920-101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It was first demonstrated in the late nineteenth century that human deaths from fever were typically due to infections. As the germ theory gained ground, it replaced the old, unproven theory that deaths from fever reflected a weak personal or even familial constitution. A new enigma emerged at the turn of the twentieth century, when it became apparent that only a small proportion of infected individuals die from primary infections with almost any given microbe. Classical genetics studies gradually revealed that severe infectious diseases could be driven by human genetic predisposition. This idea gained ground with the support of molecular genetics, in three successive, overlapping steps. First, many rare inborn errors of immunity were shown, from 1985 onward, to underlie multiple, recurrent infections with Mendelian inheritance. Second, a handful of rare and familial infections, also segregating as Mendelian traits but striking humans resistant to other infections, were deciphered molecularly beginning in 1996. Third, from 2007 onward, a growing number of rare or common sporadicinfections were shown to result from monogenic, but not Mendelian, inborn errors. A synthesis of the hitherto mutually exclusive germ and genetic theories is now in view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Paris University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Paris University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
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19
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Yang R, Mele F, Worley L, Langlais D, Rosain J, Benhsaien I, Elarabi H, Croft CA, Doisne JM, Zhang P, Weisshaar M, Jarrossay D, Latorre D, Shen Y, Han J, Ogishi M, Gruber C, Markle J, Al Ali F, Rahman M, Khan T, Seeleuthner Y, Kerner G, Husquin LT, Maclsaac JL, Jeljeli M, Errami A, Ailal F, Kobor MS, Oleaga-Quintas C, Roynard M, Bourgey M, El Baghdadi J, Boisson-Dupuis S, Puel A, Batteux F, Rozenberg F, Marr N, Pan-Hammarström Q, Bogunovic D, Quintana-Murci L, Carroll T, Ma CS, Abel L, Bousfiha A, Di Santo JP, Glimcher LH, Gros P, Tangye SG, Sallusto F, Bustamante J, Casanova JL. Human T-bet Governs Innate and Innate-like Adaptive IFN-γ Immunity against Mycobacteria. Cell 2020; 183:1826-1847.e31. [PMID: 33296702 PMCID: PMC7770098 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of human interferon gamma (IFN-γ) immunity underlie mycobacterial disease. We report a patient with mycobacterial disease due to inherited deficiency of the transcription factor T-bet. The patient has extremely low counts of circulating Mycobacterium-reactive natural killer (NK), invariant NKT (iNKT), mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT), and Vδ2+ γδ T lymphocytes, and of Mycobacterium-non reactive classic TH1 lymphocytes, with the residual populations of these cells also producing abnormally small amounts of IFN-γ. Other lymphocyte subsets develop normally but produce low levels of IFN-γ, with the exception of CD8+ αβ T and non-classic CD4+ αβ TH1∗ lymphocytes, which produce IFN-γ normally in response to mycobacterial antigens. Human T-bet deficiency thus underlies mycobacterial disease by preventing the development of innate (NK) and innate-like adaptive lymphocytes (iNKT, MAIT, and Vδ2+ γδ T cells) and IFN-γ production by them, with mycobacterium-specific, IFN-γ-producing, purely adaptive CD8+ αβ T, and CD4+ αβ TH1∗ cells unable to compensate for this deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Federico Mele
- Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Worley
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - David Langlais
- Department of Human Genetics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; McGill University Genome Center, McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ibithal Benhsaien
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco; Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, CHU Averroes, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Houda Elarabi
- Pediatrics Department, Hassan II Hospital, 80030 Dakhla, Morocco
| | - Carys A Croft
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Doisne
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Peng Zhang
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marc Weisshaar
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Jarrossay
- Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Latorre
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yichao Shen
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jing Han
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Conor Gruber
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Janet Markle
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Fatima Al Ali
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, PO 26999, Qatar
| | | | - Taushif Khan
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, PO 26999, Qatar
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Gaspard Kerner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lucas T Husquin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, CNRS UMR2000, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Julia L Maclsaac
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Mohamed Jeljeli
- University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Immunology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AH-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Abderrahmane Errami
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fatima Ailal
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco; Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, CHU Averroes, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Michael S Kobor
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Manon Roynard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- McGill University Genome Center, McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | | | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Fréderic Batteux
- University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Immunology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AH-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- University of Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Virology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AH-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, PO 26999, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, PO 34110, Qatar
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, CNRS UMR2000, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; Chair of Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Carroll
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurent Abel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, King Hassan II University, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco; Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, CHU Averroes, 20460 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France; INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laurie H Glimcher
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philippe Gros
- McGill University Genome Center, McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Children Hospital, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Liu N, Zhao FY, Xu XJ. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis caused by STAT1 gain-of-function mutation is not driven by interferon-γ: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:6130-6135. [PMID: 33344614 PMCID: PMC7723692 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i23.6130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyper-inflammatory syndrome caused by many genetic defects. STAT1 is a DNA-binding factor that regulates gene transcription. HLH caused by STAT1 gain-of-function (GOF) mutations has rarely been reported and its clinical manifestations and mechanisms are not clearly defined.
CASE SUMMARY A 2-year-old boy presented to our hospital with recurrent fever for > 20 d. The patient had a personal history of persistent oral candidiasis and inoculation site infection during the past 2 years. Hepatosplenomegaly was noted. Complete blood cell count showed severe anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Other laboratory tests showed liver dysfunction, hypertriglyceridemia and decreased fibrinogen. Hemophagocytosis was found in the bone marrow. Chest computed tomography showed a cavitary lesion. Tests for fungal infection were positive. Serum T helper (Th) 1/Th2 cytokine determination demonstrated moderately elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 with normal interferon (IFN)-γ concentration. Mycobacterium bovis was identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by polymerase chain reaction. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous mutation of c.1154C>T causing a T385M amino acid substitution in STAT1. Despite antibacterial and antifungal therapy, the febrile disease was not controlled. The signs of HLH were relieved after HLH-94 protocol administration, except fever. Fever was not resolved until he received anti-tuberculosis therapy. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was refused and the patient died six months later due to severe pneumonia.
CONCLUSION Patients with STAT1 GOF mutation have broad clinical manifestations and may develop HLH. This form of HLH presents with normal IFN-γ level without cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fen-Ying Zhao
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Xu
- Department of Hematology-oncology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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21
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Liu N, Zhao FY, Xu XJ. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis caused by STAT1 gain-of-function mutation is not driven by interferon-γ: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2020. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i23.6123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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22
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Evangelatos G, Koulouri V, Iliopoulos A, Fragoulis GE. Tuberculosis and targeted synthetic or biologic DMARDs, beyond tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2020; 12:1759720X20930116. [PMID: 32612710 PMCID: PMC7309385 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20930116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) have an increased risk for tuberculosis (TB). The use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and glucocorticoids in these patients has been associated with an increased prevalence of latent TB reactivation. Over the last few years, several biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), other than TNFi (e.g. rituximab, abatacept, tocilizumab, secukinumab) and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) [e.g. apremilast, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors] have been used for the treatment of patients with ARD. For many of these drugs, especially the newer ones like JAK inhibitors or antibodies against interleukin (IL)-23, most data stem from randomized clinical trials and few are available from real life clinical experience. We sought to review the current evidence for TB risk in patients with ARD treated with tsDMARDs or bDMARDs, other than TNFi. It seems that some of these drugs are associated with a lower TB risk, indirectly compared with TNFi treatment. In fact, it appears that rituximab, apremilast and inhibitors of IL-17 and IL-23 might be safer, while more data are needed for JAK inhibitors. As seen in TNFi, risk for TB is more pronounced in TB-endemic areas. Screening for latent TB must precede initiation of any tsDMARDs or bDMARDs. The growing use of non-TNFi agents has raised the need for more real-life studies that would compare the risk for TB between TNFi and other treatment modalities for ARD. Knowledge about the TB-safety profile of these drugs could help in the decision of drug choice in patients with confirmed latent TB infection or in TB endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Evangelatos
- Rheumatology Department, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital (NIMTS), Monis Petraki 10-12, Athens, 11521, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Koulouri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Iliopoulos
- Rheumatology Department, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - George E Fragoulis
- Rheumatology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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23
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The human genetic determinism of life-threatening infectious diseases: genetic heterogeneity and physiological homogeneity? Hum Genet 2020; 139:681-694. [PMID: 32462426 PMCID: PMC7251220 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02184-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular eukaryotes emerged late in evolution from an ocean of viruses, bacteria, archaea, and unicellular eukaryotes. These macroorganisms are exposed to and infected by a tremendous diversity of microorganisms. Those that are large enough can even be infected by multicellular fungi and parasites. Each interaction is unique, if only because it operates between two unique living organisms, in an infinite diversity of circumstances. This is neatly illustrated by the extraordinarily high level of interindividual clinical variability in human infections, even for a given pathogen, ranging from a total absence of clinical manifestations to death. We discuss here the idea that the determinism of human life-threatening infectious diseases can be governed by single-gene inborn errors of immunity, which are rarely Mendelian and frequently display incomplete penetrance. We briefly review the evidence in support of this notion obtained over the last two decades, referring to a number of focused and thorough reviews published by eminent colleagues in this issue of Human Genetics. It seems that almost any life-threatening infectious disease can be driven by at least one, and, perhaps, a great many diverse monogenic inborn errors, which may nonetheless be immunologically related. While the proportions of monogenic cases remain unknown, a picture in which genetic heterogeneity is combined with physiological homogeneity is emerging from these studies. A preliminary sketch of the human genetic architecture of severe infectious diseases is perhaps in sight.
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Scherer A, Stephens VR, McGivney GR, Gutierrez WR, Laverty EA, Knepper-Adrian V, Dodd RD. Distinct Tumor Microenvironments Are a Defining Feature of Strain-Specific CRISPR/Cas9-Induced MPNSTs. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050583. [PMID: 32456131 PMCID: PMC7288323 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays important roles in cancer biology, but genetic backgrounds of mouse models can complicate interpretation of tumor phenotypes. A deeper understanding of strain-dependent influences on the tumor microenvironment of genetically-identical tumors is critical to exploring genotype–phenotype relationships, but these interactions can be difficult to identify using traditional Cre/loxP approaches. Here, we use somatic CRISPR/Cas9 tumorigenesis approaches to determine the impact of mouse background on the biology of genetically-identical malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) in four commonly-used inbred strains. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically evaluate the impact of host strain on CRISPR/Cas9-generated mouse models. Our data identify multiple strain-dependent phenotypes, including changes in tumor onset and the immune microenvironment. While BALB/c mice develop MPNSTs earlier than other strains, similar tumor onset is observed in C57BL/6, 129X1 and 129/SvJae mice. Indel pattern analysis demonstrates that indel frequency, type and size are similar across all genetic backgrounds. Gene expression and IHC analysis identify multiple strain-dependent differences in CD4+ T cell infiltration and myeloid cell populations, including M2 macrophages and mast cells. These data highlight important strain-specific phenotypes of genomically-matched MPNSTs that have implications for the design of future studies using similar in vivo gene editing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.S.); (V.R.S.); (E.A.L.); (V.K.-A.)
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.R.M.); (W.R.G.)
| | - Victoria R. Stephens
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.S.); (V.R.S.); (E.A.L.); (V.K.-A.)
- PREP program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Gavin R. McGivney
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.R.M.); (W.R.G.)
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Wade R. Gutierrez
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.R.M.); (W.R.G.)
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Emily A. Laverty
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.S.); (V.R.S.); (E.A.L.); (V.K.-A.)
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.R.M.); (W.R.G.)
| | - Vickie Knepper-Adrian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.S.); (V.R.S.); (E.A.L.); (V.K.-A.)
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.R.M.); (W.R.G.)
| | - Rebecca D. Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.S.); (V.R.S.); (E.A.L.); (V.K.-A.)
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (G.R.M.); (W.R.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-319-335-4962
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25
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Wu S, Wang Y, Zhang M, Wang M, He JQ. Genetic variants in IFNG and IFNGR1 and tuberculosis susceptibility. Cytokine 2019; 123:154775. [PMID: 31310896 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is the type of chronic infectious disease which majorly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. TB). Emerging data suggest that interferon gamma (IFNG) and its receptor IFNGR1 may be involved in the risk of TB. METHODS A total of 636 TB patients and 608 healthy controls were selected. The association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and TB was estimated by logistic analyses adjusting for age, gender and smoking status. SNPs genotyping was done by using the improved multiplex ligase detection reaction (iMLDR). RESULTS The IFNG rs1861494 allele C was related to an increased risk for TB (OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.06-1.48; P = 0.009). Compared with TT genotype, CT (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.01-1.63; P = 0.040) and CC (OR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.04-2.19; P = 0.031) were also risk factors for TB. In the subgroup analysis, the association was stronger among participants < 25 years (OR = 2.40, 95%CI: 1.70-3.38; P < 0.001) and male groups (OR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.03-1.66; P = 0.030). In addition, IFNG rs1861494 was associated with anti-TB treatment outcome (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.52-0.94; P = 0.017). We also detected that IFNGR1 rs2234711 influenced the IFNG production. CONCLUSION IFNG rs1861494 polymorphism was associated with TB, particularly in the younger and male subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouquan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Minggui Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian-Qing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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26
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Zhang SY, Jouanguy E, Zhang Q, Abel L, Puel A, Casanova JL. Human inborn errors of immunity to infection affecting cells other than leukocytes: from the immune system to the whole organism. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 59:88-100. [PMID: 31121434 PMCID: PMC6774828 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Studies of vertebrate immunity have traditionally focused on professional cells, including circulating and tissue-resident leukocytes. Evidence that non-professional cells are also intrinsically essential (i.e. not via their effect on leukocytes) for protective immunity in natural conditions of infection has emerged from three lines of research in human genetics. First, studies of Mendelian resistance to infection have revealed an essential role of DARC-expressing erythrocytes in protection against Plasmodium vivax infection, and an essential role of FUT2-expressing intestinal epithelial cells for protection against norovirus and rotavirus infections. Second, studies of inborn errors of non-hematopoietic cell-extrinsic immunity have shown that APOL1 and complement cascade components secreted by hepatocytes are essential for protective immunity to trypanosome and pyogenic bacteria, respectively. Third, studies of inborn errors of non-hematopoietic cell-intrinsic immunity have suggested that keratinocytes, pulmonary epithelial cells, and cortical neurons are essential for tissue-specific protective immunity to human papillomaviruses, influenza virus, and herpes simplex virus, respectively. Various other types of genetic resistance or predisposition to infection in human populations are not readily explained by inborn variants of genes operating in leukocytes and may, therefore, involve defects in other cells. The probing of this unchartered territory by human genetics is reshaping immunology, by scaling immunity to infection up from the immune system to the whole organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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27
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Lim HK, Huang SXL, Chen J, Kerner G, Gilliaux O, Bastard P, Dobbs K, Hernandez N, Goudin N, Hasek ML, García Reino EJ, Lafaille FG, Lorenzo L, Luthra P, Kochetkov T, Bigio B, Boucherit S, Rozenberg F, Vedrinne C, Keller MD, Itan Y, García-Sastre A, Celard M, Orange JS, Ciancanelli MJ, Meyts I, Zhang Q, Abel L, Notarangelo LD, Snoeck HW, Casanova JL, Zhang SY. Severe influenza pneumonitis in children with inherited TLR3 deficiency. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2038-2056. [PMID: 31217193 PMCID: PMC6719423 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive IRF7 and IRF9 deficiencies impair type I and III IFN immunity and underlie severe influenza pneumonitis. We report three unrelated children with influenza A virus (IAV) infection manifesting as acute respiratory distress syndrome (IAV-ARDS), heterozygous for rare TLR3 variants (P554S in two patients and P680L in the third) causing autosomal dominant (AD) TLR3 deficiency. AD TLR3 deficiency can underlie herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) encephalitis (HSE) by impairing cortical neuron-intrinsic type I IFN immunity to HSV-1. TLR3-mutated leukocytes produce normal levels of IFNs in response to IAV. In contrast, TLR3-mutated fibroblasts produce lower levels of IFN-β and -λ, and display enhanced viral susceptibility, upon IAV infection. Moreover, the patients' iPSC-derived pulmonary epithelial cells (PECs) are susceptible to IAV. Treatment with IFN-α2b or IFN-λ1 rescues this phenotype. AD TLR3 deficiency may thus underlie IAV-ARDS by impairing TLR3-dependent, type I and/or III IFN-mediated, PEC-intrinsic immunity. Its clinical penetrance is incomplete for both IAV-ARDS and HSE, consistent with their typically sporadic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyung Lim
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sarah X L Huang
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Texas, Houston, TX
| | - Jie Chen
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Sixth Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaspard Kerner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Gilliaux
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB222), Medicine Faculty, Libre de Bruxelles University, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center of Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nicholas Hernandez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Nicolas Goudin
- Cell Imaging Platform Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale US 24, Paris, France
| | - Mary L Hasek
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Eduardo Javier García Reino
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Fabien G Lafaille
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Priya Luthra
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Tatiana Kochetkov
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Benedetta Bigio
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Soraya Boucherit
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Virology, Cochin-Saint-Vincent de Paul Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Vedrinne
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine in Cardiovascular Surgery, Louis Pradel Cardiological Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Michael D Keller
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC
| | - Yuval Itan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Marie Celard
- National Center for Staphylococcus, Lyon Civil Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Jordan S Orange
- Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Michael J Ciancanelli
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Immunology, Microbiology, and Transplantation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Precision Immunology Institute and Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hans-Willem Snoeck
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY .,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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28
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Naz A, Ali M, Aslam MA, Khan AUH, Manzoor H, Iqbal R, Shehzad MA, Ahmad S, Shaheen Z, Rasul S. Influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the IFNG towards susceptibility to tuberculosis in a Pakistani population. Ann Hum Genet 2019; 83:426-433. [PMID: 31069794 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global issue as one-third of the population worldwide is considered to be infected. TB has become a critical public health problem as a result of increasing drug resistance, which poses a challenge to current control strategies. Similar to environmental factors, genetic makeup of the host equally contributes to disease onset. We performed genotypic analysis to examine the relationship between IFNG and TB onset and drug resistance in a Pakistani population comprising 689 subjects. Notable differences were observed in the IFNG polymorphism (+874T/A) between the case and control groups. The frequency of the wild-type genotype (TT) in the controls (43.2%) was significantly higher than in the cases (25.3%) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.77, p < 0.0001), while the mutant genotype frequency (AA) (38.57%) in the cases was significantly higher than in the controls (22.6%) (OR = 1.46, p < 0.0001). The heterozygous genotype frequency (TA) did not significantly differ between the control and case groups. Compared with the controls, the variant allele (A) was approximately twice as frequent in the cases. Females and older people have a higher chance of disease development. Finally, the IFNG (+874T/A) polymorphism was not associated with drug sensitivity or resistance. However, a genotypic polymorphism of IFNG (+874T/A) was significantly associated with susceptibility to TB, and the T allele conferred protection against TB. Additional studies involving larger cohorts are needed to further explore this relationship between genetics and disease vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- AsmaGul Naz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Assad Aslam
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Ul Haq Khan
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Manzoor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Iqbal
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- Provincial TB Reference Laboratory, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Shaheen
- Pulmonology Department, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Rasul
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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29
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Lacoma A, Mateo L, Blanco I, Méndez MJ, Rodrigo C, Latorre I, Villar-Hernandez R, Domínguez J, Prat C. Impact of Host Genetics and Biological Response Modifiers on Respiratory Tract Infections. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1013. [PMID: 31134083 PMCID: PMC6513887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Host susceptibility to respiratory tract infections (RTI) is dependent on both genetic and acquired risk factors. Repeated bacterial and viral RTI, such as pneumonia from encapsulated microorganisms, respiratory tract infections related to respiratory syncytial virus or influenza, and even the development of bronchiectasis and asthma, are often reported as the first symptom of primary immunodeficiencies. In the same way, neutropenia is a well-known risk factor for invasive aspergillosis, as well as lymphopenia for Pneumocystis, and mycobacterial infections. However, in the last decades a better knowledge of immune signaling networks and the introduction of next generation sequencing have increased the number and diversity of known inborn errors of immunity. On the other hand, the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha has revealed new risk groups for infections, such as tuberculosis. The use of biological response modifiers has spread to almost all medical specialties, including inflammatory diseases and neoplasia, and are being used to target different signaling networks that may mirror some of the known immune deficiencies. From a clinical perspective, the individual contribution of genetics, and/or targeted treatments, to immune dysregulation is difficult to assess. The aim of this article is to review the known and newly described mechanisms of impaired immune signaling that predispose to RTI, including new insights into host genetics and the impact of biological response modifiers, and to summarize clinical recommendations regarding vaccines and prophylactic treatments in order to prevent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Lacoma
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Mateo
- Servei de Reumatologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Clinical Genetics and Genetic Counseling Program, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Méndez
- Servei de Pediatria, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació GermansTrias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodrigo
- Servei de Pediatria, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Facultat de Medicina, Unitat Docent Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Latorre
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Villar-Hernandez
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Domínguez
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Prat
- Servei de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Corvilain E, Casanova JL, Puel A. Inherited CARD9 Deficiency: Invasive Disease Caused by Ascomycete Fungi in Previously Healthy Children and Adults. J Clin Immunol 2018; 38:656-693. [PMID: 30136218 PMCID: PMC6157734 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-018-0539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive CARD9 deficiency underlies life-threatening, invasive fungal infections in otherwise healthy individuals normally resistant to other infectious agents. In less than 10 years, 58 patients from 39 kindreds have been reported in 14 countries from four continents. The patients are homozygous (n = 49; 31 kindreds) or compound heterozygous (n = 9; 8 kindreds) for 22 different CARD9 mutations. Six mutations are recurrent, probably due to founder effects. Paradoxically, none of the mutant alleles has been experimentally demonstrated to be loss-of-function. CARD9 is expressed principally in myeloid cells, downstream from C-type lectin receptors that can recognize fungal components. Patients with CARD9 deficiency present impaired cytokine and chemokine production by macrophages, dendritic cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and defective killing of some fungi by neutrophils in vitro. Neutrophil recruitment to sites of infection is impaired in vivo. The proportion of Th17 cells is low in most, but not all, patients tested. Up to 52 patients suffering from invasive fungal diseases (IFD) have been reported, with ages at onset of 3.5 to 52 years. Twenty of these patients also displayed superficial fungal infections. Six patients had only mucocutaneous candidiasis or superficial dermatophytosis at their last follow-up visit, at the age of 19 to 50 years. Remarkably, for 50 of the 52 patients with IFD, a single fungus was involved; only two patients had IFDs due to two different fungi. IFD recurred in 44 of 45 patients who responded to treatment, and a different fungal infection occurred in the remaining patient. Ten patients died from IFD, between the ages of 12 and 39 years, whereas another patient died at the age of 91 years, from an unrelated cause. At the most recent scheduled follow-up visit, 81% of the patients were still alive and aged from 6.5 to 75 years. Strikingly, all the causal fungi belonged to the phylum Ascomycota: commensal Candida and saprophytic Trychophyton, Aspergillus, Phialophora, Exophiala, Corynesprora, Aureobasidium, and Ochroconis. Human CARD9 is essential for protective systemic immunity to a subset of fungi from this phylum but seems to be otherwise redundant. Previously healthy patients with unexplained invasive fungal infection, at any age, should be tested for inherited CARD9 deficiency. KEY POINTS • Inherited CARD9 deficiency (OMIM #212050) is an AR PID due to mutations that may be present in a homozygous or compound heterozygous state. • CARD9 is expressed principally in myeloid cells and transduces signals downstream from CLR activation by fungal ligands. • Endogenous mutant CARD9 levels differ between alleles (from full-length normal protein to an absence of normal protein). • The functional impacts of CARD9 mutations involve impaired cytokine production in response to fungal ligands, impaired neutrophil killing and/or recruitment to infection sites, and defects of Th17 immunity. • The key clinical manifestations in patients are fungal infections, including CMC, invasive (in the CNS in particular) Candida infections, extensive/deep dermatophytosis, subcutaneous and invasive phaeohyphomycosis, and extrapulmonary aspergillosis. • The clinical penetrance of CARD9 deficiency is complete, but penetrance is incomplete for each of the fungi concerned. • Age at onset is highly heterogeneous, ranging from childhood to adulthood for the same fungal disease. • All patients with unexplained IFD should be tested for CARD9 mutations. Familial screening and genetic counseling should be proposed. • The treatment of patients with CARD9 mutations is empirical and based on antifungal therapies and the surgical removal of fungal masses. Patients with persistent/relapsing Candida infections of the CNS could be considered for adjuvant GM-CSF/G-CSF therapy. The potential value of HSCT for CARD9-deficient patients remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Corvilain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
- Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015, Paris, France.
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France.
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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de Jong SJ, Imahorn E, Itin P, Uitto J, Orth G, Jouanguy E, Casanova JL, Burger B. Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis: Inborn Errors of Immunity to Human Beta-Papillomaviruses. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1222. [PMID: 29946305 PMCID: PMC6005841 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is an autosomal recessive skin disorder with a phenotype conditional on human beta-papillomavirus (beta-HPV) infection. Such infections are common and asymptomatic in the general population, but in individuals with EV, they lead to the development of plane wart-like and red or brownish papules or pityriasis versicolor-like skin lesions, from childhood onwards. Most patients develop non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), mostly on areas of UV-exposed skin, from the twenties or thirties onwards. At least half of the cases of typical EV are caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations of TMC6/EVER1 or TMC8/EVER2. The cellular and molecular basis of disease in TMC/EVER-deficient patients is unknown, but a defect of keratinocyte-intrinsic immunity to beta-HPV is suspected. Indeed, these patients are not susceptible to other infectious diseases and have apparently normal leukocyte development. In contrast, patients with an atypical form of EV due to inborn errors of T-cell immunity invariably develop clinical symptoms of EV in the context of other infectious diseases. The features of the typical and atypical forms of EV thus suggest that the control of beta-HPV infections requires both EVER1/EVER2-dependent keratinocyte-intrinsic immunity and T cell-dependent adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J de Jong
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York NY, United States
| | - Elias Imahorn
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Itin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA, United States
| | | | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York NY, United States.,INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York NY, United States.,INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York NY, United States
| | - Bettina Burger
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Casanova JL, Abel L. Human genetics of infectious diseases: Unique insights into immunological redundancy. Semin Immunol 2018; 36:1-12. [PMID: 29254755 PMCID: PMC5910248 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
For almost any given human-tropic virus, bacterium, fungus, or parasite, the clinical outcome of primary infection is enormously variable, ranging from asymptomatic to lethal infection. This variability has long been thought to be largely determined by the germline genetics of the human host, and this is increasingly being demonstrated to be the case. The number and diversity of known inborn errors of immunity is continually increasing, and we focus here on autosomal and X-linked recessive traits underlying complete deficiencies of the encoded protein. Schematically, four types of infectious phenotype have been observed in individuals with such deficiencies, each providing information about the redundancy of the corresponding human gene, in terms of host defense in natural conditions. The lack of a protein can confer vulnerability to a broad range of microbes in most, if not all patients, through the disruption of a key immunological component. In such cases, the gene concerned is of low redundancy. However, the lack of a protein may also confer vulnerability to a narrow range of microbes, sometimes a single pathogen, and not necessarily in all patients. In such cases, the gene concerned is highly redundant. Conversely, the deficiency may be apparently neutral, conferring no detectable predisposition to infection in any individual. In such cases, the gene concerned is completely redundant. Finally, the lack of a protein may, paradoxically, be advantageous to the host, conferring resistance to one or more infections. In such cases, the gene is considered to display beneficial redundancy. These findings reflect the current state of evolution of humans and microbes, and should not be considered predictive of redundancy, or of a lack of redundancy, in the distant future. Nevertheless, these observations are of potential interest to present-day biologists testing immunological hypotheses experimentally and physicians managing patients with immunological or infectious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU; Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU.
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Zhou J, Yao Y, Jiao K, Zhang J, Zheng X, Wu F, Hu X, Li J, Yu Z, Zhang G, Jiang N, Li Z. Relationship between Gingival Crevicular Fluid Microbiota and Cytokine Profile in Periodontal Host Homeostasis. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2144. [PMID: 29163429 PMCID: PMC5672786 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As potential biomarkers in periodontitis, microbiome, and cytokines have recently been extensively investigated, but combined analyses of the variations between the microbial structure and cytokine composition are rare. The present study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the combined profile of microbiome and cytokines in individuals with or without periodontitis. The microbiome and cytokine composition in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from 16 patients and 15 controls from Jishi Shan (Gansu, China) were analyzed using 454 pyrosequencing and RayBio Quantibody Arrays. The results showed that a higher co-occurrence of genera in periodontitis group compared with the healthy group, as evaluated by Schoener's abundance-based co-occurrence index. C-reactive protein (CRP) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the GCF of the periodontitis group while interleukin (IL)-8 was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the GCF of the healthy group. The Mantel test revealed a significant concordance between cytokines and microbiota, in the healthy group (Mantel statistic r = 0.36, P ≤ 0.05) but not in the periodontitis group (Mantel statistic r = 0.013, P = 0.434). The results were further confirmed by the Procrustes test. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, osteoactivin, IL-8, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1a were significantly associated with bacterial composition at the phylum, class, order, family, and genus levels. CRP was also associated with bacterial composition at the species level. In conclusion, alterations in the polymicrobial community structure leads to disruption in the healthy correlation between cytokines and microbiomes. This dysbiosis between the microbiota and the immune response could be one of the major etiological mechanisms underlying periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Yao
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Kangli Jiao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Yinchuan Stomatology Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaopan Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Zhanhai Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gaosen Zhang
- Department of Soil Research, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Applied Soil Biochemistry, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China
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Li J, Zhou Y, Zhang H, He D, Zhang R, Li Y, Guo C, Guo Q, Wang L, Yang G, Gao Q. Association of IFNG gene polymorphisms with pulmonary tuberculosis but not with spinal tuberculosis in a Chinese Han population. Microb Pathog 2017; 111:238-243. [PMID: 28867622 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Spinal tuberculosis (STB) is an extrapulmonary form of tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which accounts for around 2% of all TB cases and can lead to spine degeneration. It is widely accepted that host genetic factors participate in the pathogenesis of active TB, but the factors controlling which TB form will manifest after Mtb infection remain unknown. We hypothesized that a genetic difference may exist between the development of STB and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Here, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFNG gene (rs2069718), IRGM gene (rs10065172), and MBL2 gene (rs11003125) were genotyped among 183 PTB patients, 177 STB patients, and 360 healthy controls from the Chinese Han population. We found that rs2069718 genotypes were significantly associated with PTB (TT, p = 0.007; CT, p = 0.008) but not STB, and the TT genotype (p = 0.046) of rs2069718 were less common in PTB than in STB. In contrast, neither PTB nor STB were found to be associated with rs10065172 and rs11003125. Overall, we found a difference in the rs2069718 genetic distribution between the STB and PTB patients in a Chinese Han population. The rs2069718 TT genotype was associated with a protective role in PTB but not STB development during active Mtb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan He
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongmou Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofeng Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Longjie Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanteng Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Qile Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Spinal Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China.
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Buscher K, Ehinger E, Gupta P, Pramod AB, Wolf D, Tweet G, Pan C, Mills CD, Lusis AJ, Ley K. Natural variation of macrophage activation as disease-relevant phenotype predictive of inflammation and cancer survival. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16041. [PMID: 28737175 PMCID: PMC5527282 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mouse models exist for many immune-based diseases, the clinical translation remains challenging. Most basic and translational studies utilize only a single inbred mouse strain. However, basal and diseased immune states in humans show vast inter-individual variability. Here, focusing on macrophage responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we use the hybrid mouse diversity panel (HMDP) of 83 inbred strains as a surrogate for human natural immune variation. Since conventional bioinformatics fail to analyse a population spectrum, we highlight how gene signatures for LPS responsiveness can be derived based on an Interleukin-12β and arginase expression ratio. Compared to published signatures, these gene markers are more robust to identify susceptibility or resilience to several macrophage-related disorders in humans, including survival prediction across many tumours. This study highlights natural activation diversity as a disease-relevant dimension in macrophage biology, and suggests the HMDP as a viable tool to increase translatability of mouse data to clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Buscher
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Erik Ehinger
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Pritha Gupta
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Akula Bala Pramod
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - George Tweet
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Charles D. Mills
- BioMedical Consultants, Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota 55047, USA
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Jung SH, Hwang JH, Kim SE, Kim YK, Park HC, Lee HT. Human galectin-9 on the porcine cells affects the cytotoxic activity of M1-differentiated THP-1 cells through inducing a shift in M2-differentiated THP-1 cells. Xenotransplantation 2017; 24. [PMID: 28432704 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In xenotransplantation, immune rejection by macrophages occurs rapidly and remains a major obstacle. Studies to control immune rejection in macrophages have been continuing to date. Recent studies have reported that human galectin-9 (hGal-9) can regulate the function of regulatory T cells (Treg), as well as cytotoxicity T cells (CTL) and natural killer cells (NK). Although the effect of hGal-9 on lymphocytes has been well studied, the relationship between hGal-9 and myeloid cells has been scarcely studied. METHODS To confirm the decreased cytotoxic activity effect by hGal-9 in M1-differentiated THP-1 cells, we established the hGal-9 expressing transgenic porcine cell line. hGal-9 siRNA was transfected to transgenic cells and recombinant hGal-9 (rhGal-9) was treated to co-culturing condition, and then, flow cytometry assay was conducted for analyzing the cytotoxic activity of M1-differentiated THP-1 cells. Related inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TGF-β) and related enzymes (iNOS and Arginase 1) were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot assay. To identify the shift in M1/M2-differentiated THP-1 cells, expression levels of CCR7, CD163, iNOS, and Arginase 1 and population of M2 marker positive cells were analyzed. RESULTS The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in M1-differentiated THP-1 cells co-cultured with hGal-9-expressing porcine kidney epithelial cells were decreased, but not in co-cultured THP-1 cells. However, the expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were also increased in co-cultured M1-differentiated THP-1 cells. The cytotoxicity effect of M1-differentiated THP-1 cells on transgenic cells was decreased while the expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and M2 macrophages-related molecules were increased. M2 differentiation program was turned on while M1 program was turned down by enhancing the phosphorylation levels of Akt and PI3K and the expression level of PPAR-γ. Due to these changes, differentiation of M2 program was enhanced in cells co-cultured with hGal-9. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested that hGal-9 has a reduction in M1-differentiated THP-1 cell cytotoxic activity-related acute immune rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation in addition to its role in lymphoid lineage immune cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Han Jung
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Hwang
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Sang Eun Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kyu Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Chang Park
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Taek Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Wei Z, Wenhao S, Yuanyuan M, Yang L, Daming Z, Jiangchun X, Jijun J. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the interferon-γ gene ( IFNG +874 T/A) is associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50415-50429. [PMID: 28881572 PMCID: PMC5584145 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ (Interferon gamma, IFNG) is an important cytokine involved in providing resistance to mycobacterial diseases. Common variants of IFNG, such as IFNG +874 T/A(rs2430561), may be related to tuberculosis susceptibility, but this association has not been consistently observed. We performed an updated meta-analysis to evaluate the association between the IFNG +874 T/A (rs2430561) polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility. PubMed and SinoMed databases were searched up to October 2016, and odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the association strength. Based on search criteria for manuscripts reporting tuberculosis susceptibility and its relationship with the IFNG +874 T/A(rs2430561)polymorphism, 42 case-control studies from 39 different articles were retrieved. Significantly positive, decreased, and protective associations were found between the IFNG +874 T/A(rs2430561)polymorphism and tuberculosis risk in five genetic models. Moreover, in the stratified subgroup analysis, a protective relationship was detected in four different ethnicities and sources of the control groups. Furthermore, the IFNG +874 T/A(rs2430561)polymorphism played an important role in protecting individuals from both pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Our meta-analysis suggests that the IFNG +874 T/A(rs2430561)polymorphism is potentially associated with tuberculosis susceptibility and may be used as a predictive biomarker. Further studies with larger sample sizes and consideration of gene-environment interactions should be conducted to elucidate the role of IFNG +874 T/A(rs2430561) polymorphism in tuberculosis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wei
- Department of Infectious Disease, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Shen Wenhao
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Mi Yuanyuan
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhou Daming
- Department of Infectious Disease, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Xian Jiangchun
- Department of Infectious Disease, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jiang Jijun
- Department of Infectious Disease, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
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Majoros A, Platanitis E, Kernbauer-Hölzl E, Rosebrock F, Müller M, Decker T. Canonical and Non-Canonical Aspects of JAK-STAT Signaling: Lessons from Interferons for Cytokine Responses. Front Immunol 2017; 8:29. [PMID: 28184222 PMCID: PMC5266721 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signal transduction mediates cytokine responses. Canonical signaling is based on STAT tyrosine phosphorylation by activated JAKs. Downstream of interferon (IFN) receptors, activated JAKs cause the formation of the transcription factors IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3), a heterotrimer of STAT1, STAT2 and interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) subunits, and gamma interferon-activated factor (GAF), a STAT1 homodimer. In recent years, several deviations from this paradigm were reported. These include kinase-independent JAK functions as well as extra- and intranuclear activities of U-STATs without phosphotyrosines. Additionally, transcriptional control by STAT complexes resembling neither GAF nor ISGF3 contributes to transcriptome changes in IFN-treated cells. Our review summarizes the contribution of non-canonical JAK-STAT signaling to the innate antimicrobial immunity imparted by IFN. Moreover, we touch upon functions of IFN pathway proteins beyond the IFN response. These include metabolic functions of IRF9 as well as the regulation of natural killer cell activity by kinase-dead TYK2 and different phosphorylation isoforms of STAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Majoros
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ekaterini Platanitis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Kernbauer-Hölzl
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Rosebrock
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Müller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Decker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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39
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Aguilar-Medina M, Escamilla-Tilch M, Frías-Castro LO, Romero-Quintana G, Estrada-García I, Estrada-Parra S, Granados J, Arambula Meraz E, Sánchez-Schmitz G, Khader SA, Rangel-Moreno J, Ramos-Payán R. HLA Alleles are Genetic Markers for Susceptibility and Resistance towards Leprosy in a Mexican Mestizo Population. Ann Hum Genet 2016; 81:35-40. [PMID: 28025823 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the use of multidrug therapy, leprosy remains endemic in some countries. The association of several human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and gene polymorphisms with leprosy has been demonstrated in many populations, but the major immune contributors associated to the spectrum of leprosy have not been defined yet. In this study, genotyping of HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ alleles was performed in leprosy patients (n = 113) and control subjects (n = 117) from the region with the highest incidence for the disease in México. The odds of developing leprosy and lepromatous subtype were 2.12- and 2.74-fold higher in carriers of HLA-A*28, and 2.48- and 4.14-fold higher for leprosy and dimorphic subtype in carriers of DQB1*06. Interestingly, DQB1*07 was overrepresented in healthy individuals, compared to patients with leprosy (OR = 0.08) and the lepromatous subtype (OR = 0.06). These results suggest that HLA-A*28 is a marker for predisposition to leprosy and the lepromatous subtype and DQB1*06 to leprosy and the dimorphic subtype, while DQB1*07 might be a resistance marker in this Mestizo population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Aguilar-Medina
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Monica Escamilla-Tilch
- Division of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Geovanni Romero-Quintana
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Iris Estrada-García
- Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Science, National Polytechnic Institute, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Sergio Estrada-Parra
- Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Science, National Polytechnic Institute, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Julio Granados
- Division of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Eliakym Arambula Meraz
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Guzman Sánchez-Schmitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
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40
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Abstract
The human immune system is highly variable between individuals but relatively stable over time within a given person. Recent conceptual and technological advances have enabled systems immunology analyses, which reveal the composition of immune cells and proteins in populations of healthy individuals. The range of variation and some specific influences that shape an individual's immune system is now becoming clearer. Human immune systems vary as a consequence of heritable and non-heritable influences, but symbiotic and pathogenic microbes and other non-heritable influences explain most of this variation. Understanding when and how such influences shape the human immune system is key for defining metrics of immunological health and understanding the risk of immune-mediated and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petter Brodin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17165, Sweden.,Department of Neonatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 14186, Sweden
| | - Mark M Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine.,Institute of Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94304, USA
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41
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Meyts I, Bosch B, Bolze A, Boisson B, Itan Y, Belkadi A, Pedergnana V, Moens L, Picard C, Cobat A, Bossuyt X, Abel L, Casanova JL. Exome and genome sequencing for inborn errors of immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:957-969. [PMID: 27720020 PMCID: PMC5074686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in 2010 has transformed medicine, particularly the growing field of inborn errors of immunity. NGS has facilitated the discovery of novel disease-causing genes and the genetic diagnosis of patients with monogenic inborn errors of immunity. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is presently the most cost-effective approach for research and diagnostics, although whole-genome sequencing offers several advantages. The scientific or diagnostic challenge consists in selecting 1 or 2 candidate variants among thousands of NGS calls. Variant- and gene-level computational methods, as well as immunologic hypotheses, can help narrow down this genome-wide search. The key to success is a well-informed genetic hypothesis on 3 key aspects: mode of inheritance, clinical penetrance, and genetic heterogeneity of the condition. This determines the search strategy and selection criteria for candidate alleles. Subsequent functional validation of the disease-causing effect of the candidate variant is critical. Even the most up-to-date dry lab cannot clinch this validation without a seasoned wet lab. The multifariousness of variations entails an experimental rigor even greater than traditional Sanger sequencing-based approaches in order not to assign a condition to an irrelevant variant. Finding the needle in the haystack takes patience, prudence, and discernment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Childhood Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Barbara Bosch
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Alexandre Bolze
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Helix, San Carlos, Calif
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yuval Itan
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Aziz Belkadi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Pedergnana
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leen Moens
- Laboratory Medicine, Experimental Laboratory Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Capucine Picard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Study Center for Immunodeficiency, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Laboratory Medicine, Experimental Laboratory Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurent Abel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY; Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
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42
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Wang Y, Ma CS, Ling Y, Bousfiha A, Camcioglu Y, Jacquot S, Payne K, Crestani E, Roncagalli R, Belkadi A, Kerner G, Lorenzo L, Deswarte C, Chrabieh M, Patin E, Vincent QB, Müller-Fleckenstein I, Fleckenstein B, Ailal F, Quintana-Murci L, Fraitag S, Alyanakian MA, Leruez-Ville M, Picard C, Puel A, Bustamante J, Boisson-Dupuis S, Malissen M, Malissen B, Abel L, Hovnanian A, Notarangelo LD, Jouanguy E, Tangye SG, Béziat V, Casanova JL. Dual T cell- and B cell-intrinsic deficiency in humans with biallelic RLTPR mutations. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2413-2435. [PMID: 27647349 PMCID: PMC5068239 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In two complementary papers, Casanova, Malissen, and collaborators report the discovery of human RLTPR deficiency, the first primary immunodeficiency of the human CD28 pathway in T cells. Together, the two studies highlight the important and largely (but not completely) overlapping roles of RLTPR in T and B cells of humans and mice. Combined immunodeficiency (CID) refers to inborn errors of human T cells that also affect B cells because of the T cell deficit or an additional B cell–intrinsic deficit. In this study, we report six patients from three unrelated families with biallelic loss-of-function mutations in RLTPR, the mouse orthologue of which is essential for CD28 signaling. The patients have cutaneous and pulmonary allergy, as well as a variety of bacterial and fungal infectious diseases, including invasive tuberculosis and mucocutaneous candidiasis. Proportions of circulating regulatory T cells and memory CD4+ T cells are reduced. Their CD4+ T cells do not respond to CD28 stimulation. Their CD4+ T cells exhibit a "Th2" cell bias ex vivo and when cultured in vitro, contrasting with the paucity of "Th1," "Th17," and T follicular helper cells. The patients also display few memory B cells and poor antibody responses. This B cell phenotype does not result solely from the T cell deficiency, as the patients’ B cells fail to activate NF-κB upon B cell receptor (BCR) stimulation. Human RLTPR deficiency is a CID affecting at least the CD28-responsive pathway in T cells and the BCR-responsive pathway in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yun Ling
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Medical School, King Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Yildiz Camcioglu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, 34452 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serge Jacquot
- Immunology Unit, Rouen University Hospital, 76031 Rouen, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U905, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen Normandy University, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Kathryn Payne
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Elena Crestani
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Aziz Belkadi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Gaspard Kerner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Deswarte
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maya Chrabieh
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Patin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 3012, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Quentin B Vincent
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ingrid Müller-Fleckenstein
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Fleckenstein
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fatima Ailal
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Medical School, King Hassan II University, Casablanca 20100, Morocco
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 3012, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Fraitag
- Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Alexandra Alyanakian
- Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marianne Leruez-Ville
- Virology Laboratory, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité-EA 36-20, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.,Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.,Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Marie Malissen
- Center for Immunology Marseille-Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | | | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases: from Disease Mechanism to Therapies, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France .,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.,Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
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43
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Puel A, Kun Yang, Ku CL, von Bernuth H, Bustamante J, Santos OF, Lawrence T, Chang HH, Al-Mousa H, Picard C, Casanova JL. Heritable defects of the human TLR signalling pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519050110040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, three human primary immunodeficiencies associated with impaired TLR signalling were described. Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (EDA-ID), either X-linked recessive or autosomal dominant, is caused by hypomorphic mutations in NEMO or hypermorphic mutation in IKBA, respectively, both involved in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. These patients present with abnormal development of ectoderm-derived structures and suffer from a broad spectrum of infectious diseases. In vitro studies of the patients' cells showed an impaired, but not abolished, NF-κB activation in response to a large set of stimuli, including TLR agonists. More recently, patients with autosomal recessive amorphic mutations in IRAK4 have been reported, presenting no developmental defect and a more restricted spectrum of infectious diseases, mostly caused by pyogenic encapsulated bacteria, principally, but not exclusively Gram-positive. In vitro studies carried out with these patients' cells showed a specific impairment of the Toll—interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)—interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK) signalling pathway. NF-κB- and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are impaired in response to all TIR agonists tested. These data, therefore, suggest that TLRs play a critical role in host defence against pyogenic bacteria, but may be dispensable or redundant for immunity to most other infectious agents in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France,
| | - Kun Yang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France, French-Chinese Laboratory of Genetics and Life Sciences, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Lung Ku
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Orchidée Filipe Santos
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Lawrence
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Huey-Hsuan Chang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Hamoud Al-Mousa
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris-INSERM U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France, Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
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44
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Rack-Hoch A, Notheis G, Klein C, Hauck F. [Basic diagnostics for pediatric outpatients with susceptibility to infections and immundysregulation]. MMW Fortschr Med 2016; 158:49-52. [PMID: 27221434 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-016-8280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rack-Hoch
- Immundefektambulanz, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80999, München, Deutschland.
| | - Gundula Notheis
- Immundefektambulanz, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80999, München, Deutschland
| | - Christoph Klein
- Immundefektambulanz, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80999, München, Deutschland
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Immundefektambulanz, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstr. 4, D-80999, München, Deutschland
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45
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Lake MA, Ambrose LR, Lipman MCI, Lowe DM. '"Why me, why now?" Using clinical immunology and epidemiology to explain who gets nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. BMC Med 2016; 14:54. [PMID: 27007918 PMCID: PMC4806462 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0606-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease is rising. An understanding of known risk factors for disease sheds light on the immunological and physical barriers to infection, and how and why they may be overcome. This review focuses on human NTM infection, supported by experimental and in vitro data of relevance to the practising clinician who seeks to understand why their patient has NTM infection and how to further investigate. DISCUSSION First, the underlying immune response to NTM disease is examined. Important insights regarding NTM disease susceptibility come from nature's own knockouts, the primary immune deficiency disorders. We summarise the current knowledge surrounding interferon-gamma (IFNγ)-interleukin-12 (IL-12) axis abnormalities, followed by a review of phagocytic defects, T cell lymphopenia and rarer genetic conditions known to predispose to NTM disease. We discuss how these define key immune pathways involved in the host response to NTM. Iatrogenic immunosuppression is also important, and we evaluate the impact of novel biological therapies, as well as bone marrow transplant and chemotherapy for solid organ malignancy, on the epidemiology and presentation of NTM disease, and discuss the host defence dynamics thus revealed. NTM infection and disease in the context of other chronic illnesses including HIV and malnutrition is reviewed. The role of physical barriers to infection is explored. We describe how their compromise through different mechanisms including cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis and smoking-related lung disease can result in pulmonary NTM colonisation or infection. We also summarise further associations with host factors including body habitus and age. We use the presented data to develop an over-arching model that describes human host defences against NTM infection, where they may fail, and how this framework can be applied to investigation in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alexandra Lake
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lyn R Ambrose
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Marc C I Lipman
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - David M Lowe
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
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46
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Casanova JL. Severe infectious diseases of childhood as monogenic inborn errors of immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E7128-37. [PMID: 26621750 PMCID: PMC4697435 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521651112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the developments that have occurred in the field of human genetics of infectious diseases from the second half of the 20th century onward. In particular, it stresses and explains the importance of the recently described monogenic inborn errors of immunity underlying resistance or susceptibility to specific infections. The monogenic component of the genetic theory provides a plausible explanation for the occurrence of severe infectious diseases during primary infection. Over the last 20 y, increasing numbers of life-threatening infectious diseases striking otherwise healthy children, adolescents, and even young adults have been attributed to single-gene inborn errors of immunity. These studies were inspired by seminal but neglected findings in plant and animal infections. Infectious diseases typically manifest as sporadic traits because human genotypes often display incomplete penetrance (most genetically predisposed individuals remain healthy) and variable expressivity (different infections can be allelic at the same locus). Infectious diseases of childhood, once thought to be archetypal environmental diseases, actually may be among the most genetically determined conditions of mankind. This nascent and testable notion has interesting medical and biological implications.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/genetics
- Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/immunology
- Child
- Complement System Proteins/genetics
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/genetics
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/immunology
- Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis/genetics
- Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis/immunology
- Genetic Diseases, Inborn/genetics
- Genetic Diseases, Inborn/immunology
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/genetics
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology
- Infections/genetics
- Infections/immunology
- Influenza, Human/genetics
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/genetics
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/immunology
- Malaria/genetics
- Malaria/immunology
- Models, Genetic
- Models, Immunological
- Mycobacterium Infections/genetics
- Mycobacterium Infections/immunology
- Neisseria/immunology
- Neisseria/pathogenicity
- Pneumococcal Infections/genetics
- Pneumococcal Infections/immunology
- Tinea/genetics
- Tinea/immunology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France; Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
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Liu A, Li J, Bao F, Zhu Z, Feng S, Yang J, Wang L, Shi M, Wen X, Zhao H, Voravuthikunchai SP. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine MIF gene promoter region are closely associated with human susceptibility to tuberculosis in a southwestern province of China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2015; 39:219-224. [PMID: 26656832 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The gene encoding macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been proposed as candidate tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility gene. In order to elucidate whether MIF gene variants are associated with susceptibility to retreatment cases of TB, and prevent drug-resistant TB prevalence, we conducted a study based on paired human population data. MIF -173 G/C single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs755622) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. MIF levels were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Association analysis of polymorphism to TB showed that distribution of MIF -173 genotypes (GC+CC) was significantly higher in total cases of TB than in the controls. Statistically significant differences of frequencies for MIF -173 (GG vs. GC+CC) were demonstrated when comparing total cases of TB, new cases of TB, and retreatment cases of TB to controls, respectively. In contrast, the frequencies of MIF -173 (GG vs. GC+CC) demonstrated no difference between new cases of TB and retreatment cases of TB. Association analysis of MIF protein concentrations to TB indicated that MIF concentration is significantly higher in total cases of TB, new cases of TB, and retreatment cases of TB than in controls (P<0.01). In summary, our results demonstrated that MIF gene -173 G/C single nucleotide polymorphisms implicate in genetic susceptibility to TB, and GC+CC of MIF -173 site increases the risk of TB. We also found that no correlation between -173 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism and retreatment cases of TB in Yunnan Province population of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650031, China; Department of Microbiology and Natural Products Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Fukai Bao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China.
| | - Ziwei Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Shi Feng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Jiaru Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650031, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Third Hospital, Kunming 650301, China
| | - Mei Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming Third Hospital, Kunming 650301, China
| | - Xia Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Supayang P Voravuthikunchai
- Department of Microbiology and Natural Products Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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48
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Gold MC, Napier RJ, Lewinsohn DM. MR1-restricted mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Immunol Rev 2015; 264:154-66. [PMID: 25703558 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and its human host have long co-evolved. Although the host cellular immune response is critical to the control of the bacterium information on the specific contribution of different immune cell subsets in humans is incomplete. Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a prevalent and unique T-cell population in humans with the capacity to detect intracellular infection with bacteria including Mtb. MAIT cells detect bacterially derived metabolites presented by the evolutionarily conserved major histocompatibility complex-like molecule MR1. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of this T-cell subset and address the potential roles for MR1-restricted T cells in the control, diagnosis, and therapy of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielle C Gold
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; VA Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS), Portland, OR, USA; Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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49
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Boisson-Dupuis S, Bustamante J, El-Baghdadi J, Camcioglu Y, Parvaneh N, El Azbaoui S, Agader A, Hassani A, El Hafidi N, Mrani NA, Jouhadi Z, Ailal F, Najib J, Reisli I, Zamani A, Yosunkaya S, Gulle-Girit S, Yildiran A, Cipe FE, Torun SH, Metin A, Atikan BY, Hatipoglu N, Aydogmus C, Kilic SS, Dogu F, Karaca N, Aksu G, Kutukculer N, Keser-Emiroglu M, Somer A, Tanir G, Aytekin C, Adimi P, Mahdaviani SA, Mamishi S, Bousfiha A, Sanal O, Mansouri D, Casanova JL, Abel L. Inherited and acquired immunodeficiencies underlying tuberculosis in childhood. Immunol Rev 2015; 264:103-20. [PMID: 25703555 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and a few related mycobacteria, is a devastating disease, killing more than a million individuals per year worldwide. However, its pathogenesis remains largely elusive, as only a small proportion of infected individuals develop clinical disease either during primary infection or during reactivation from latency or secondary infection. Subacute, hematogenous, and extrapulmonary disease tends to be more frequent in infants, children, and teenagers than in adults. Life-threatening primary TB of childhood can result from known acquired or inherited immunodeficiencies, although the vast majority of cases remain unexplained. We review here the conditions conferring a predisposition to childhood clinical diseases caused by mycobacteria, including not only M.tb but also weakly virulent mycobacteria, such as BCG vaccines and environmental mycobacteria. Infections with weakly virulent mycobacteria are much rarer than TB, but the inherited and acquired immunodeficiencies underlying these infections are much better known. Their study has also provided genetic and immunological insights into childhood TB, as illustrated by the discovery of single-gene inborn errors of IFN-γ immunity underlying severe cases of TB. Novel findings are expected from ongoing and future human genetic studies of childhood TB in countries that combine a high proportion of consanguineous marriages, a high incidence of TB, and an excellent clinical care, such as Iran, Morocco, and Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM-U1163, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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50
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Palendira U, Rickinson AB. Primary immunodeficiencies and the control of Epstein-Barr virus infection. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1356:22-44. [PMID: 26415106 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human primary immunodeficiency (PID) states, where mutations in single immune system genes predispose individuals to certain infectious agents and not others, are experiments of nature that hold important lessons for the immunologist. The number of genetically defined PIDs is rising rapidly, as is the opportunity to learn from them. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human herpesvirus, has long been of interest because of its complex interaction with the immune system. Thus, it causes both infectious mononucleosis (IM), an immunopathologic disease associated with exaggerated host responses, and at least one malignancy, EBV-positive lymphoproliferative disease, when those responses are impaired. Here, we describe the full range of PIDs currently linked with an increased risk of EBV-associated disease. These provide examples where IM-like immunopathology is fatally exaggerated, and others where responses impaired at the stage of induction, expansion, or effector function predispose to malignancy. Current evidence from this rapidly moving field supports the view that lesions in both natural killer cell and T cell function can lead to EBV pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umaimainthan Palendira
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan B Rickinson
- Cancer Sciences and Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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