1
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Baldwin I, Robey EA. Adjusting to self in the thymus: CD4 versus CD8 lineage commitment and regulatory T cell development. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230896. [PMID: 38980291 PMCID: PMC11232887 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
During thymic development, thymocytes adjust their TCR response based on the strength of their reactivity to self-peptide MHC complexes. This tuning process allows thymocytes with a range of self-reactivities to survive positive selection and contribute to a diverse T cell pool. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of how thymocytes tune their responsiveness during positive selection, and we present a "sequential selection" model to explain how MHC specificity influences lineage choice. We also discuss recent evidence for cell type diversity in the medulla and discuss how this heterogeneity may contribute to medullary niches for negative selection and regulatory T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Baldwin
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ellen A. Robey
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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2
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Xing Q, Chang D, Xie S, Zhao X, Zhang H, Wang X, Bai X, Dong C. BCL6 is required for the thymic development of TCRαβ +CD8αα + intraepithelial lymphocyte lineage. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadk4348. [PMID: 38335269 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk4348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
TCRαβ+CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (CD8αα+ αβ IELs) are a specialized subset of T cells in the gut epithelium that develop from thymic agonist selected IEL precursors (IELps). The molecular mechanisms underlying the selection and differentiation of this T cell type in the thymus are largely unknown. Here, we found that Bcl6 deficiency in αβ T cells resulted in the near absence of CD8αα+ αβ IELs. BCL6 was expressed by approximately 50% of CD8αα+ αβ IELs and by the majority of thymic PD1+ IELps after agonist selection. Bcl6 deficiency blocked early IELp generation in the thymus, and its expression in IELps was induced by thymic TCR signaling in an ERK-dependent manner. As a result of Bcl6 deficiency, the precursors of IELps among CD4+CD8+ double-positive thymocytes exhibited increased apoptosis during agonist selection and impaired IELp differentiation and maturation. Together, our results elucidate BCL6 as a crucial transcription factor during the thymic development of CD8αα+ αβ IELs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xing
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dehui Chang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shiyuan Xie
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
- Research Unit of Immune Regulation and Immune Diseases of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
- Westlake University School of Medicine-affiliated Hangzhou First Hospital, Hangzhou 310024, China
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3
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Ding Z, Hagan M, Yan F, Schroer NW, Polmear J, Good-Jacobson KL, Dvorscek AR, Pitt C, O’Donnell K, Nutt SL, Zotos D, McKenzie C, Hill DL, Robinson MJ, Quast I, Koentgen F, Tarlinton DM. Ki67 deficiency impedes chromatin accessibility and BCR gene rearrangement. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232160. [PMID: 38842525 PMCID: PMC11157087 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The proliferation marker Ki67 has been attributed critical functions in maintaining mitotic chromosome morphology and heterochromatin organization during the cell cycle, indicating a potential role in developmental processes requiring rigid cell-cycle control. Here, we discovered that despite normal fecundity and organogenesis, germline deficiency in Ki67 resulted in substantial defects specifically in peripheral B and T lymphocytes. This was not due to impaired cell proliferation but rather to early lymphopoiesis at specific stages where antigen-receptor gene rearrangements occurred. We identified that Ki67 was required for normal global chromatin accessibility involving regulatory regions of genes critical for checkpoint stages in B cell lymphopoiesis. In line with this, mRNA expression of Rag1 was diminished and gene rearrangement was less efficient in the absence of Ki67. Transgenes encoding productively rearranged immunoglobulin heavy and light chains complemented Ki67 deficiency, completely rescuing early B cell development. Collectively, these results identify a unique contribution from Ki67 to somatic antigen-receptor gene rearrangement during lymphopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoujie Ding
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Feng Yan
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Nick W.Y. Schroer
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jack Polmear
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kim L. Good-Jacobson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Alexandra R. Dvorscek
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catherine Pitt
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristy O’Donnell
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephen L. Nutt
- Immunology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Dimitra Zotos
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig McKenzie
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danika L. Hill
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marcus J. Robinson
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Isaak Quast
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - David M. Tarlinton
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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4
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Li L, Yang W, Pan Y, Ye R, Wang Y, Li S, Jiang H, Zhang Q, Wang X, Yan J. Chidamide enhances T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune function by inhibiting NOTCH1/NFATC1 signaling pathway in ABC-type diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:895-910. [PMID: 38497543 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2328227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Chidamide (CS055/HBI-8000, tucidinostat) has shown promising effects in the clinical treatment of various hematologic tumors. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has shown highly heterogeneous biological characteristics. There are complex mechanisms of the role of chidamide in DLBCL for in-depth study. It is essential to probe further into the mechanism of drug-tumor interactions as a guide to clinical application and to understand the occurrence and progression of DLBCL. In vitro and in vivo models were utilized to determine the effects of chidamide on signaling pathways involved in the DLBCL tumor microenvironment. The experimental results show that chidamide inhibited the proliferation of DLBCL cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and down-regulated the expression of NOTCH1 and NFATC1 in DLBCL cells as well as decreased the concentration of IL-10 in the supernatant. In addition, chidamide significantly lowered the expression of PD1 or TIM3 on CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells and elevated the levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the serum of animal models, which augmented the function of circulating T cells and tumor-infiltrating T cells and ultimately significantly repressed the growth of tumors. These findings prove that chidamide can effectively inhibit the cell activity of DLBCL cell lines by inhibiting the activation of NOTCH1 and NFATC1 signaling pathways. It can also improve the abnormal DLBCL microenvironment in which immune escape occurs, and inhibit immune escape. This study provides a new therapeutic idea for the exploration of individualized precision therapy for patients with malignant lymphoma.
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MESH Headings
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Humans
- NFATC Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Aminopyridines/pharmacology
- Aminopyridines/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Benzamides/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Mice
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Pan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyu Ye
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyan Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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5
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Wang B, Bian Q. Regulation of 3D genome organization during T cell activation. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38944686 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Within the three-dimensional (3D) nuclear space, the genome organizes into a series of orderly structures that impose important influences on gene regulation. T lymphocytes, crucial players in adaptive immune responses, undergo intricate transcriptional remodeling upon activation, leading to differentiation into specific effector and memory T cell subsets. Recent evidence suggests that T cell activation is accompanied by dynamic changes in genome architecture at multiple levels, providing a unique biological context to explore the functional relevance and molecular mechanisms of 3D genome organization. Here, we summarize recent advances that link the reorganization of genome architecture to the remodeling of transcriptional programs and conversion of cell fates during T cell activation and differentiation. We further discuss how various chromatin architecture regulators, including CCCTC-binding factor and several transcription factors, collectively modulate the genome architecture during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Wang
- Shanghai lnstitute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Qian Bian
- Shanghai lnstitute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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6
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Wu S, Gou F, Meng J, Jin X, Liu W, Ding W, Xu W, Gu C, Hu X, Cheng G, Tao P, Zhang W. Porcine kobuvirus enhances porcine epidemic diarrhea virus pathogenicity and alters the number of intestinal lymphocytes in piglets. Vet Microbiol 2024; 293:110100. [PMID: 38718527 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have discovered that a lot of cases of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection are frequently accompanied by porcine kobuvirus (PKV) infection, suggesting a potential relationship between the two viruses in the development of diarrhea. To investigate the impact of PKV on PEDV pathogenicity and the number of intestinal lymphocytes, piglets were infected with PKV or PEDV or co-infected with both viruses. Our findings demonstrate that co-infected piglets exhibit more severe symptoms, acute gastroenteritis, and higher PEDV replication compared to those infected with PEDV alone. Notably, PKV alone does not cause significant intestinal damage but enhances PEDV's pathogenicity and alters the number of intestinal lymphocytes. These results underscore the complexity of viral interactions in swine diseases and highlight the need for comprehensive diagnostic and treatment strategies addressing co-infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Fang Gou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Jie Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- Hubei Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wanchen Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Weishuai Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Weihang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Changqin Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Xueying Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Guofu Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Pan Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Wanpo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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7
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Yang S, Xu L, Zhuang H, Li F, Lu Y. A new perspective on hematological malignancies: m6A modification in immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374390. [PMID: 38868768 PMCID: PMC11168112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy for hematological malignancies is a rapidly advancing field that has gained momentum in recent years, primarily encompassing chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and other modalities. However, its clinical efficacy remains limited, and drug resistance poses a significant challenge. Therefore, novel immunotherapeutic targets and agents need to be identified. Recently, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent RNA epitope modification, has emerged as a pivotal factor in various malignancies. Reportedly, m6A mutations influence the immunological microenvironment of hematological malignancies, leading to immune evasion and compromising the anti-tumor immune response in hematological malignancies. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the roles of the currently identified m6A modifications in various hematological malignancies, with a particular focus on their impact on the immune microenvironment. Additionally, we provide an overview of the research progress made in developing m6A-targeted drugs for hematological tumor therapy, to offer novel clinical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haihui Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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8
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Wu C, Li L, Tang Q, Liao Q, Chen P, Guo C, Zeng Z, Xiong W. Role of m 6A modifications in immune evasion and immunotherapy. Med Oncol 2024; 41:159. [PMID: 38761335 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
RNA modification has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to its pivotal role in tumorigenesis and immune surveillance. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most prevalent RNA modification, which can affect the expression of RNA by methylating adenylate at the sixth N position to regulate the occurrence and development of tumors. Dysregulation of m6A affects the activation of cancer-promoting pathways, destroys immune cell function, maintains immunosuppressive microenvironment, and promotes tumor cell growth. In this review, we delve into the latest insights into how abnormalities in m6A modification in both tumor and immune cells orchestrate immune evasion through the activation of signaling pathways. Furthermore, we explore how dysregulated m6A modification in tumor cells influences immune cells, thereby regulating tumor immune evasion via interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Lastly, we highlight recent discoveries regarding specific inhibitors of m6A modulators and the encapsulation of m6A-targeting nanomaterials for cancer therapy, discussing their potential applications in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lvyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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9
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Zhao X, Chen Y, Li R, Men Y, Yan K, Li Z, Cai W, He Y, Qi J. Immune Rejection Mediated by prf1 and gzmb Affects the Colonization of Fat Greenling ( Hexagrammos otakii) Spermatogonia in Heterotransplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5157. [PMID: 38791196 PMCID: PMC11121654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fish germ cell transplantation holds great potential for conserving endangered species, improving cultured fish breeds, and exploring reproductive techniques. However, low transplantation efficiency is a common issue in heterotransplantation. This study transplanted fat greenling (Hexagrammos otakii) spermatogonia into the testes of spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) to investigate factors that might affect the colonization and fixation of heterologous transplanted germ cells. Results indicated that transplanted fat greenling spermatogonia cells were successfully detected in the early transplantation phase in spotted sea bass. Their numbers gradually decreased over time, and after 10 days post-transplantation, more than 90% of the transplanted cells underwent apoptosis. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the testes of spotted sea bass and fat greenling spermatogonia on days 1 and 10 post-transplantation revealed that this apoptosis process involved many immune-related genes and their associated signaling pathways. Acute immune rejection marker genes prf1 and gzmb were detected in the spotted sea bass testes, while immune tolerance genes lck and zap-70 were expressed in the fat greenling spermatogonia. Additionally, differential expression of prf1 and gzmb genes was screened from spotted sea bass, with experimental evidence indicating that PRF1 and GZMB protein from spotted sea bass primarily induce apoptosis in transplanted fat greenling spermatogonia via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, at the protein level. This suggests that the difficulties in heterotransplantation are primarily related to acute immune rejection, with PRF1 and GZMB playing significant roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Ying Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Rui Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yu Men
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Kai Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Zibin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Wenxiu Cai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Jie Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (Y.M.); (K.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.C.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
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10
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Park JE, Kim DH. Advanced Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Therapeutic Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304496. [PMID: 38716543 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The multifaceted biological defense system modulating complex immune responses against pathogens and foreign materials plays a critical role in tissue homeostasis and disease progression. Recently developed biomaterials that can specifically regulate immune responses, nanoparticles, graphene, and functional hydrogels have contributed to the advancement of tissue engineering as well as disease treatment. The interaction between innate and adaptive immunity, collectively determining immune responses, can be regulated by mechanobiological recognition and adaptation of immune cells to the extracellular microenvironment. Therefore, applying immunomodulation to tissue regeneration and cancer therapy involves manipulating the properties of biomaterials by tailoring their composition in the context of the immune system. This review provides a comprehensive overview of how the physicochemical attributes of biomaterials determine immune responses, focusing on the physical properties that influence innate and adaptive immunity. This review also underscores the critical aspect of biomaterial-based immune engineering for the development of novel therapeutics and emphasizes the importance of understanding the biomaterials-mediated immunological mechanisms and their role in modulating the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Park
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwee Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
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11
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Yu H, Yang W, Cao M, Lei Q, Yuan R, Xu H, Cui Y, Chen X, Su X, Zhuo H, Lin L. Mechanism study of ubiquitination in T cell development and autoimmune disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1359933. [PMID: 38562929 PMCID: PMC10982411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells play critical role in multiple immune processes including antigen response, tumor immunity, inflammation, self-tolerance maintenance and autoimmune diseases et. Fetal liver or bone marrow-derived thymus-seeding progenitors (TSPs) settle in thymus and undergo T cell-lineage commitment, proliferation, T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement, and thymic selections driven by microenvironment composed of thymic epithelial cells (TEC), dendritic cells (DC), macrophage and B cells, thus generating T cells with diverse TCR repertoire immunocompetent but not self-reactive. Additionally, some self-reactive thymocytes give rise to Treg with the help of TEC and DC, serving for immune tolerance. The sequential proliferation, cell fate decision, and selection during T cell development and self-tolerance establishment are tightly regulated to ensure the proper immune response without autoimmune reaction. There are remarkable progresses in understanding of the regulatory mechanisms regarding ubiquitination in T cell development and the establishment of self-tolerance in the past few years, which holds great potential for further therapeutic interventions in immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyong Yang
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqiang Lei
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renbin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqian Cui
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuerui Chen
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Su
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangbin Lin
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Tebben K, Yirampo S, Coulibaly D, Koné AK, Laurens MB, Stucke EM, Dembélé A, Tolo Y, Traoré K, Niangaly A, Berry AA, Kouriba B, Plowe CV, Doumbo OK, Lyke KE, Takala-Harrison S, Thera MA, Travassos MA, Serre D. Gene expression analyses reveal differences in children's response to malaria according to their age. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2021. [PMID: 38448421 PMCID: PMC10918175 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In Bandiagara, Mali, children experience on average two clinical malaria episodes per year. However, even in the same transmission area, the number of uncomplicated symptomatic infections, and their parasitemia, can vary dramatically among children. We simultaneously characterize host and parasite gene expression profiles from 136 Malian children with symptomatic falciparum malaria and examine differences in the relative proportion of immune cells and parasite stages, as well as in gene expression, associated with infection and or patient characteristics. Parasitemia explains much of the variation in host and parasite gene expression, and infections with higher parasitemia display proportionally more neutrophils and fewer T cells, suggesting parasitemia-dependent neutrophil recruitment and/or T cell extravasation to secondary lymphoid organs. The child's age also strongly correlates with variations in gene expression: Plasmodium falciparum genes associated with age suggest that older children carry more male gametocytes, while variations in host gene expression indicate a stronger innate response in younger children and stronger adaptive response in older children. These analyses highlight the variability in host responses and parasite regulation during P. falciparum symptomatic infections and emphasize the importance of considering the children's age when studying and treating malaria infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Tebben
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Salif Yirampo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Drissa Coulibaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye K Koné
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Matthew B Laurens
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emily M Stucke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmadou Dembélé
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Youssouf Tolo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Karim Traoré
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Niangaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Andrea A Berry
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bourema Kouriba
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Christopher V Plowe
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ogobara K Doumbo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kirsten E Lyke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shannon Takala-Harrison
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mahamadou A Thera
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mark A Travassos
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Serre
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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13
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Dinges SS, Amini K, Notarangelo LD, Delmonte OM. Primary and secondary defects of the thymus. Immunol Rev 2024; 322:178-211. [PMID: 38228406 PMCID: PMC10950553 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The thymus is the primary site of T-cell development, enabling generation, and selection of a diverse repertoire of T cells that recognize non-self, whilst remaining tolerant to self- antigens. Severe congenital disorders of thymic development (athymia) can be fatal if left untreated due to infections, and thymic tissue implantation is the only cure. While newborn screening for severe combined immune deficiency has allowed improved detection at birth of congenital athymia, thymic disorders acquired later in life are still underrecognized and assessing the quality of thymic function in such conditions remains a challenge. The thymus is sensitive to injury elicited from a variety of endogenous and exogenous factors, and its self-renewal capacity decreases with age. Secondary and age-related forms of thymic dysfunction may lead to an increased risk of infections, malignancy, and autoimmunity. Promising results have been obtained in preclinical models and clinical trials upon administration of soluble factors promoting thymic regeneration, but to date no therapy is approved for clinical use. In this review we provide a background on thymus development, function, and age-related involution. We discuss disease mechanisms, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches for primary and secondary thymic defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. Dinges
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kayla Amini
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ottavia M. Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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Peng M, Dong H, Shao M, Zhang X, Sun J, Ding C, Han X, Yang Q, Sang X, Cao G. Self-heating mitochondrion-induced free radical blast for immunogenic cell death stimulation and HCC immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:694-711. [PMID: 38228273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an immunosuppressive tumor associated with high mortality. Photothermal and photodynamic therapies have been applied to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in HCC, successfully eliciting immune responses but facing limitations in penetration depth in clinical trials. Here, intrinsic mitochondrial hyperthermia was used to trigger thermosensitive drug release. The mitochondria were further self-heated through 2,4-dinitrophenol uncoupling, dramatically promoting free radical initiation and inducing tumor ICD. The synthesized mitochondrial-targeting TPP-HA-TDV nanoparticles specifically generated free radicals in the mitochondria without external stimulation, and obviously enhanced the release of ICD markers, subsequently evoking immune responses. The results showed that mitochondrial hyperthermia could be an endogenous target for thermosensitive drug release. Furthermore, self-heating mitochondria-induced free radical blast could be an efficient therapeutic for deep-seated tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongyan Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Meiyu Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiamei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China.
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15
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Cong Z, Xiong Y, Lyu L, Fu B, Guo D, Sha Z, Yang B, Wu H. The relationship between Listeria infections and host immune responses: Listeriolysin O as a potential target. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116129. [PMID: 38194738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm), a foodborne bacterium, can infect people and has a high fatality rate in immunocompromised individuals. Listeriolysin O (LLO), the primary virulence factor of Lm, is critical in regulating the pathogenicity of Lm. This review concludes that LLO may either directly or indirectly activate a number of host cell viral pathophysiology processes, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, necrosis and necroptosis. We describe the invasion of host cells by Lm and the subsequent removal of Lm by CD8 T cells and CD4 T cells upon receipt of the LLO epitopes from major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). The development of several LLO-based vaccines that make use of the pore-forming capabilities of LLO and the immune response of the host cells is then described. Finally, we conclude by outlining the several natural substances that have been shown to alter the three-dimensional conformation of LLO by binding to particular amino acid residues of LLO, which reduces LLO pathogenicity and may be a possible pharmacological treatment for Lm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Cong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lyu Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China
| | - Beibei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Dong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhou Sha
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China.
| | - Haibo Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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16
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Zhang J, Jiang Z, Zhang X, Yang Z, Wang J, Chen J, Chen L, Song M, Zhang Y, Huang M, Chen S, Xiong X, Wang Y, Hao P, Horng T, Zhuang M, Zhang L, Zuo E, Bai F, Zheng J, Wang H, Fan G. THEMIS is a substrate and allosteric activator of SHP1, playing dual roles during T cell development. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:54-67. [PMID: 38177672 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
THEMIS plays an indispensable role in T cells, but its mechanism of action has remained highly controversial. Using the systematic proximity labeling methodology PEPSI, we identify THEMIS as an uncharacterized substrate for the phosphatase SHP1. Saturated mutagenesis assays and mass spectrometry analysis reveal that phosphorylation of THEMIS at the evolutionally conserved Tyr34 residue is oppositely regulated by SHP1 and the kinase LCK. Similar to THEMIS-/- mice, THEMISY34F/Y34F knock-in mice show a significant decrease in CD4 thymocytes and mature CD4 T cells, but display normal thymic development and peripheral homeostasis of CD8 T cells. Mechanistically, the Tyr34 motif in THEMIS, when phosphorylated upon T cell antigen receptor activation, appears to act as an allosteric regulator, binding and stabilizing SHP1 in its active conformation, thus ensuring appropriate negative regulation of T cell antigen receptor signaling. However, cytokine signaling in CD8 T cells fails to elicit THEMIS Tyr34 phosphorylation, indicating both Tyr34 phosphorylation-dependent and phosphorylation-independent roles of THEMIS in controlling T cell maturation and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyuan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqun Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Immunological Diseases, Shanghai Insititute of Materia and Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjiao Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialing Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minfang Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengmiao Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuexue Xiong
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuetong Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Piliang Hao
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiffany Horng
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liye Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erwei Zuo
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Immunological Diseases, Shanghai Insititute of Materia and Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haopeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Gaofeng Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Chen J, Zhao B, Lin S, Sun H, Mao X, Wang M, Chu Y, Hong L, Wei D, Li M, Xiong Y. TEPCAM: Prediction of T-cell receptor-epitope binding specificity via interpretable deep learning. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4841. [PMID: 37983648 PMCID: PMC10731497 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The recognition of T-cell receptor (TCR) on the surface of T cell to specific epitope presented by the major histocompatibility complex is the key to trigger the immune response. Identifying the binding rules of TCR-epitope pair is crucial for developing immunotherapies, including neoantigen vaccine and drugs. Accurate prediction of TCR-epitope binding specificity via deep learning remains challenging, especially in test cases which are unseen in the training set. Here, we propose TEPCAM (TCR-EPitope identification based on Cross-Attention and Multi-channel convolution), a deep learning model that incorporates self-attention, cross-attention mechanism, and multi-channel convolution to improve the generalizability and enhance the model interpretability. Experimental results demonstrate that our model outperformed several state-of-the-art models on two challenging tasks including a strictly split dataset and an external dataset. Furthermore, the model can learn some interaction patterns between TCR and epitope by extracting the interpretable matrix from cross-attention layer and mapping them to the three-dimensional structures. The source code and data are freely available at https://github.com/Chenjw99/TEPCAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bowen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shenggeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Heqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xueying Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Meng Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yanyi Chu
- Department of PathologyStanford University School of MedicineStandfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Liang Hong
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Center, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dong‐Qing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Center, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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18
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París-Muñoz A, León-Triana O, Pérez-Martínez A, Barber DF. Helios as a Potential Biomarker in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and New Therapies Based on Immunosuppressive Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:452. [PMID: 38203623 PMCID: PMC10778776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Helios protein (encoded by the IKZF2 gene) is a member of the Ikaros transcription family and it has recently been proposed as a promising biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease progression in both mouse models and patients. Helios is beginning to be studied extensively for its influence on the T regulatory (Treg) compartment, both CD4+ Tregs and KIR+/Ly49+ CD8+ Tregs, with alterations to the number and function of these cells correlated to the autoimmune phenomenon. This review analyzes the most recent research on Helios expression in relation to the main immune cell populations and its role in SLE immune homeostasis, specifically focusing on the interaction between T cells and tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs). This information could be potentially useful in the design of new therapies, with a particular focus on transfer therapies using immunosuppressive cells. Finally, we will discuss the possibility of using nanotechnology for magnetic targeting to overcome some of the obstacles related to these therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés París-Muñoz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (O.L.-T.); (A.P.-M.)
- IdiPAZ-CNIO Pediatric Onco-Hematology Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Odelaisy León-Triana
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (O.L.-T.); (A.P.-M.)
- IdiPAZ-CNIO Pediatric Onco-Hematology Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Martínez
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (O.L.-T.); (A.P.-M.)
- IdiPAZ-CNIO Pediatric Onco-Hematology Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo F. Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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19
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Cieplińska K, Niedziela E, Kowalska A. Immunological Processes in the Orbit and Indications for Current and Potential Drug Targets. J Clin Med 2023; 13:72. [PMID: 38202079 PMCID: PMC10780108 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease (GD). Similar to GD, TED is caused by an autoimmune response. TED is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the orbit and periorbital tissues, characterized by upper eyelid retraction, swelling, redness, conjunctivitis, and bulging eyes. The pathophysiology of TED is complex, with the infiltration of activated T lymphocytes and activation of orbital fibroblasts (OFs) and autoantibodies against the common autoantigen of thyroid and orbital tissues. Better understanding of the multifactorial pathogenesis of TED contributes to the development of more effective therapies. In this review, we present current and potential drug targets. The ideal treatment should slow progression of the disease with as little interference with patient immunity as possible. In the future, TED treatment will target the immune mechanism involved in the disease and will be based on a strategy of restoring tolerance to autoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilia Niedziela
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (E.N.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Holy Cross Cancer Center, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Aldona Kowalska
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-317 Kielce, Poland; (E.N.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Holy Cross Cancer Center, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
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20
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Zhang Z, Wang D, Yao Y, Yang J, Yang Z, Yang Y. Characterization of T-cell subsets in response to foot-and-mouth disease bivalent inactivated vaccine in Chinese Holstein cows. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0102923. [PMID: 37815383 PMCID: PMC10714733 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01029-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Vaccination plays a crucial role in the prevention and control of FMD; however, outbreaks persist occurring worldwide. Assessing the immune response to FMD vaccines is essential for effective prevention of FMD. In this study, a seven-color flow cytometry protocol was developed to systematically evaluate the T-cell response of Chinese Holstein cows vaccinated with FMD bivalent inactivated vaccine. Our findings showed that while most T-cell subsets (%) decreased post-vaccination, a significant increase was observed in CD4+CD8+ DP T cells, which was consistent with the levels of specific foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antibodies. These findings suggested that CD4+CD8+ DP T cells could serve as a potential biomarker for the evaluation of cellular and humoral responses to FMDV vaccination. Additionally, we should be aware of the potential decline in cellular immunity among cattle during FMD vaccination, as this may increase the risk of other pathogen-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dasheng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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21
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Lloren KKS, Lee JH. Live-Attenuated Salmonella-Based Oral Vaccine Candidates Expressing PCV2d Cap and Rep by Novel Expression Plasmids as a Vaccination Strategy for Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses against PCV2d. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1777. [PMID: 38140182 PMCID: PMC10748173 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral vaccines are highly envisaged for veterinary applications due to their convenience and ability to induce protective mucosal immunity as the first line of defense. The present investigation harnessed live-attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium to orally deliver novel expression vector systems containing the Cap and Rep genes from porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), a significant swine pathogen. The antigen expression by the vaccine candidates JOL2885 and JOL2886, comprising eukaryotic pJHL204 and pro-eukaryotic expression pJHL270 plasmids, respectively, was confirmed by Western blot and IFA. We evaluated their immunogenicity and protective efficacy through oral vaccination in a mouse model. This approach elicited both mucosal and systemic immunity against PCV2d. Oral administration of the candidates induced PCV2-specific sIgA, serum IgG antibodies, and neutralizing antibodies, resulting in reduced viral loads in the livers and lungs of PCV2d-challenged mice. T-lymphocyte proliferation and flow-cytometry assays confirmed enhanced cellular immune responses after oral inoculation. The synchronized elicitation of both Th1 and Th2 responses was also confirmed by enhanced expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, MHC-I, and MHC-II. Our findings highlight the effectiveness and safety of the constructs with an engineered-attenuated S. Typhimurium, suggesting its potential application as an oral PCV2 vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea;
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22
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Tebben K, Yirampo S, Coulibaly D, Koné AK, Laurens MB, Stucke EM, Dembélé A, Tolo Y, Traoré K, Niangaly A, Berry AA, Kouriba B, Plowe CV, Doumbo OK, Lyke KE, Takala-Harrison S, Thera MA, Travassos MA, Serre D. Gene expression analyses reveal differences in children's response to malaria according to their age. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.24.563751. [PMID: 37961701 PMCID: PMC10634788 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.563751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In Bandiagara, Mali, children experience on average two clinical malaria episodes per season. However, even in the same transmission area, the number of uncomplicated symptomatic infections, and their parasitemia, vary dramatically among children. To examine the factors contributing to these variations, we simultaneously characterized the host and parasite gene expression profiles from 136 children with symptomatic falciparum malaria and analyzed the expression of 9,205 human and 2,484 Plasmodium genes. We used gene expression deconvolution to estimate the relative proportion of immune cells and parasite stages in each sample and to adjust the differential gene expression analyses. Parasitemia explained much of the variation in both host and parasite gene expression and revealed that infections with higher parasitemia had more neutrophils and fewer T cells, suggesting parasitemia-dependent neutrophil recruitment and/or T cell extravasation to secondary lymphoid organs. The child's age was also strongly correlated with gene expression variations. Plasmodium falciparum genes associated with age suggested that older children carried more male gametocytes, while host genes associated with age indicated a stronger innate response (through TLR and NLR signaling) in younger children and stronger adaptive immunity (through TCR and BCR signaling) in older children. These analyses highlight the variability in host responses and parasite regulation during P. falciparum symptomatic infections and emphasize the importance of considering the children's age when studying and treating malaria infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Tebben
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Salif Yirampo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Drissa Coulibaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye K. Koné
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Matthew B. Laurens
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Emily M. Stucke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Ahmadou Dembélé
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Youssouf Tolo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Karim Traoré
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Niangaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Andrea A. Berry
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Bourema Kouriba
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Christopher V. Plowe
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Ogobara K Doumbo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Kirsten E. Lyke
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Shannon Takala-Harrison
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - Mahamadou A. Thera
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies; Bamako, Mali
| | - Mark A. Travassos
- Malaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
| | - David Serre
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore, USA
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23
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Boughter CT, Meier-Schellersheim M. Conserved biophysical compatibility among the highly variable germline-encoded regions shapes TCR-MHC interactions. eLife 2023; 12:e90681. [PMID: 37861280 PMCID: PMC10631762 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are critically important components of the adaptive immune system primarily responsible for identifying and responding to pathogenic challenges. This recognition of pathogens is driven by the interaction between membrane-bound T cell receptors (TCRs) and antigenic peptides presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The formation of the TCR-peptide-MHC complex (TCR-pMHC) involves interactions among germline-encoded and hypervariable amino acids. Germline-encoded and hypervariable regions can form contacts critical for complex formation, but only interactions between germline-encoded contacts are likely to be shared across many of all the possible productive TCR-pMHC complexes. Despite this, experimental investigation of these interactions have focused on only a small fraction of the possible interaction space. To address this, we analyzed every possible germline-encoded TCR-MHC contact in humans, thereby generating the first comprehensive characterization of these largely antigen-independent interactions. Our computational analysis suggests that germline-encoded TCR-MHC interactions that are conserved at the sequence level are rare due to the high amino acid diversity of the TCR CDR1 and CDR2 loops, and that such conservation is unlikely to dominate the dynamic protein-protein binding interface. Instead, we propose that binding properties such as the docking orientation are defined by regions of biophysical compatibility between these loops and the MHC surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Boughter
- Computational Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Martin Meier-Schellersheim
- Computational Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
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24
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Lemos JP, Tenório LPG, Mouly V, Butler-Browne G, Mendes-da-Cruz DA, Savino W, Smeriglio P. T cell biology in neuromuscular disorders: a focus on Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1202834. [PMID: 37920473 PMCID: PMC10619758 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1202834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence demonstrates a continuous interaction between the immune system, the nerve and the muscle in neuromuscular disorders of different pathogenetic origins, such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), the focus of this review. Herein we highlight the complexity of the cellular and molecular interactions involving the immune system in neuromuscular disorders, as exemplified by DMD and ALS. We describe the distinct types of cell-mediated interactions, such as cytokine/chemokine production as well as cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions between T lymphocytes and other immune cells, which target cells of the muscular or nervous tissues. Most of these interactions occur independently of exogenous pathogens, through ligand-receptor binding and subsequent signal transduction cascades, at distinct levels of specificity. Although this issue reveals the complexity of the system, it can also be envisioned as a window of opportunity to design therapeutic strategies (including synthetic moieties, cell and gene therapy, as well as immunotherapy) by acting upon one or more targets. In this respect, we discuss ongoing clinical trials using VLA-4 inhibition in DMD, and in ALS, with a focus on regulatory T cells, both revealing promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pereira Lemos
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Liliane Patrícia Gonçalves Tenório
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Gillian Butler-Browne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Daniella Arêas Mendes-da-Cruz
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Research Network on Neuroinflammation (RENEURIN), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- INOVA-IOC Network on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Research Network on Neuroinflammation (RENEURIN), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- INOVA-IOC Network on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Piera Smeriglio
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
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25
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Hagen M, Pangrazzi L, Rocamora-Reverte L, Weinberger B. Legend or Truth: Mature CD4 +CD8 + Double-Positive T Cells in the Periphery in Health and Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2702. [PMID: 37893076 PMCID: PMC10603952 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of CD4 and CD8 co-receptors defines two distinct T cell populations with specialized functions. While CD4+ T cells support and modulate immune responses through different T-helper (Th) and regulatory subtypes, CD8+ T cells eliminate cells that might threaten the organism, for example, virus-infected or tumor cells. However, a paradoxical population of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells challenging this paradigm has been found in the peripheral blood. This subset has been observed in healthy as well as pathological conditions, suggesting unique and well-defined functions. Furthermore, DP T cells express activation markers and exhibit memory-like features, displaying an effector memory (EM) and central memory (CM) phenotype. A subset expressing high CD4 (CD4bright+) and intermediate CD8 (CD8dim+) levels and a population of CD8bright+CD4dim+ T cells have been identified within DP T cells, suggesting that this small subpopulation may be heterogeneous. This review summarizes the current literature on DP T cells in humans in health and diseases. In addition, we point out that strategies to better characterize this minor T cell subset's role in regulating immune responses are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Hagen
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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26
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Smid AI, Garforth SJ, Obaid MS, Bollons HR, James JR. Pre-T cell receptor localization and trafficking are independent of its signaling. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202212106. [PMID: 37516909 PMCID: PMC10373305 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202212106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the pre-T cell receptor (preTCR) is an important checkpoint during the development of T cells, an essential cell type of our adaptive immune system. The preTCR complex is only transiently expressed and rapidly internalized in developing T cells and is thought to signal in a ligand-independent manner. However, identifying a mechanistic basis for these unique features of the preTCR compared with the final TCR complex has been confounded by the concomitant signaling that is normally present. Thus, we have reconstituted preTCR expression in non-immune cells to uncouple receptor trafficking dynamics from its associated signaling. We find that all the defining features of the preTCR are intrinsic properties of the receptor itself, driven by exposure of an extracellular hydrophobic region, and are not the consequence of receptor activation. Finally, we show that transitory preTCR cell surface expression can sustain tonic signaling in the absence of ligand binding, suggesting how the preTCR can nonetheless drive αβTCR lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei I. Smid
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council–Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sam J. Garforth
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Maryam S. Obaid
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Hannah R. Bollons
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - John R. James
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council–Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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27
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David NA, Lee RD, LaRue RS, Joo S, Farrar MA. Nuclear corepressors NCOR1 and NCOR2 entrain thymocyte signaling, selection, and emigration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.27.559810. [PMID: 37808728 PMCID: PMC10557688 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
T cell development proceeds via discrete stages that require both gene induction and gene repression. Transcription factors direct gene repression by associating with corepressor complexes containing chromatin-remodeling enzymes; the corepressors NCOR1 and NCOR2 recruit histone deacetylases to these complexes to silence transcription of target genes. Earlier work identified the importance of NCOR1 in promoting the survival of positively-selected thymocytes. Here, we used flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing to identify a broader role for NCOR1 and NCOR2 in regulating thymocyte development. Using Cd4-cre mice, we found that conditional deletion of NCOR2 had no effect on thymocyte development, whereas conditional deletion of NCOR1 had a modest effect. In contrast, Cd4-cre x Ncor1f/f x Ncor2f/f mice exhibited a significant block in thymocyte development at the DP to SP transition. Combined NCOR1/2 deletion resulted in increased signaling through the T cell receptor, ultimately resulting in elevated BIM expression and increased negative selection. The NF-κB, NUR77, and MAPK signaling pathways were also upregulated in the absence of NCOR1/2, contributing to altered CD4/CD8 lineage commitment, TCR rearrangement, and thymocyte emigration. Taken together, our data identify multiple critical roles for the combined action of NCOR1 and NCOR2 over the course of thymocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A David
- Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Robin D Lee
- Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Rebecca S LaRue
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Sookyong Joo
- Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Michael A Farrar
- Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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28
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Hada A, Li L, Kandel A, Jin Y, Xiao Z. Characterization of Bovine Intraepithelial T Lymphocytes in the Gut. Pathogens 2023; 12:1173. [PMID: 37764981 PMCID: PMC10535955 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraepithelial T lymphocytes (T-IELs), which constitute over 50% of the total T lymphocytes in the animal, patrol the mucosal epithelial lining to defend against pathogen invasion while maintaining gut homeostasis. In addition to expressing T cell markers such as CD4 and CD8, T-IELs display T cell receptors (TCR), including either TCRαβ or TCRγδ. Both humans and mice share similar T-IEL subsets: TCRγδ+, TCRαβ+CD8αα+, TCRαβ+CD4+, and TCRαβ+CD8αβ+. Among these subsets, human T-IELs are predominantly TCRαβ+ (over 80%), whereas those in mice are mostly TCRγδ+ (~60%). Of note, the majority of the TCRγδ+ subset expresses CD8αα in both species. Although T-IELs have been extensively studied in humans and mice, their profiles in cattle have not been well examined. Our study is the first to characterize bovine T-IELs using flow cytometry, where we identified several distinct features. The percentage of TCRγδ+ was comparable to that of TCRαβ+ T-IELs (both ~50% of CD3+), and the majority of bovine TCRγδ+ T-IELs did not express CD8 (CD8-) (above 60%). Furthermore, about 20% of TCRαβ+ T-IELs were CD4+CD8αβ+, and the remaining TCRαβ+ T-IELs were evenly distributed between CD4+ and CD8αβ+ (~40% of TCRαβ+ T-IELs each) with no TCRαβ+CD8αα+ identified. Despite these unique properties, bovine T-IELs, similar to those in humans and mice, expressed a high level of CD69, an activation and tissue-retention marker, and a low level of CD62L, a lymphoid adhesion marker. Moreover, bovine T-IELs produced low levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IFNγ and IL17A, and secreted small amounts of the immune regulatory cytokine TGFβ1. Hence, bovine T-IELs' composition largely differs from that of human and mouse, with the dominance of the CD8- population among TCRγδ+ T-IELs, the substantial presence of TCRαβ+CD4+CD8αβ+ cells, and the absence of TCRαβ+CD8αα+ T-IELs. These results provide the groundwork for conducting future studies to examine how bovine T-IELs respond to intestinal pathogens and maintain the integrity of the gut epithelial barrier in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (A.H.); (L.L.); (A.K.); (Y.J.)
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29
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Ren J, Feng K, Li Z, Huang T, Cai Y. Identification of Colon Immune Cell Marker Genes Using Machine Learning Methods. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1876. [PMID: 37763280 PMCID: PMC10532943 DOI: 10.3390/life13091876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cell infiltration that occurs at the site of colon tumors influences the course of cancer. Different immune cell compositions in the microenvironment lead to different immune responses and different therapeutic effects. This study analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data in a normal colon with the aim of screening genetic markers of 25 candidate immune cell types and revealing quantitative differences between them. The dataset contains 25 classes of immune cells, 41,650 cells in total, and each cell is expressed by 22,164 genes at the expression level. They were fed into a machine learning-based stream. The five feature ranking algorithms (last absolute shrinkage and selection operator, light gradient boosting machine, Monte Carlo feature selection, minimum redundancy maximum relevance, and random forest) were first used to analyze the importance of gene features, yielding five feature lists. Then, incremental feature selection and two classification algorithms (decision tree and random forest) were combined to filter the most important genetic markers from each list. For different immune cell subtypes, their marker genes, such as KLRB1 in CD4 T cells, RPL30 in B cell IGA plasma cells, and JCHAIN in IgG producing B cells, were identified. They were confirmed to be differentially expressed in different immune cells and involved in immune processes. In addition, quantitative rules were summarized by using the decision tree algorithm to distinguish candidate immune cell types. These results provide a reference for exploring the cell composition of the colon cancer microenvironment and for clinical immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Qianwei Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Jingxin Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
| | - Kaiyan Feng
- Department of Computer Science, Guangdong AIB Polytechnic College, Guangzhou 510507, China;
| | - Zhandong Li
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, China;
| | - Tao Huang
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yudong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
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30
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Li D, Quan Z, Ni J, Li H, Qing H. The many faces of the zinc finger protein 335 in brain development and immune system. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115257. [PMID: 37541176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger protein 335 (ZNF335) plays a crucial role in the methylation and, consequently, regulates the expression of a specific set of genes. Variants of the ZNF335 gene have been identified as risk factors for microcephaly in a variety of populations worldwide. Meanwhile, ZNF335 has also been identified as an essential regulator of T-cell development. However, an in-depth understanding of the role of ZNF335 in brain development and T cell maturation is still lacking. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of ZNF335 in neuronal and T cell development across a wide range of pre-clinical, post-mortem, ex vivo, in vivo, and clinical studies. We also review the current limitations regarding the study of the pathophysiological functions of ZNF335. Finally, we hypothesize a potential role for ZNF335 in brain disorders and discuss the rationale of targeting ZNF335 as a therapeutic strategy for preventing brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Quan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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Steier Z, Aylard DA, McIntyre LL, Baldwin I, Kim EJY, Lutes LK, Ergen C, Huang TS, Robey EA, Yosef N, Streets A. Single-cell multiomic analysis of thymocyte development reveals drivers of CD4 + T cell and CD8 + T cell lineage commitment. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1579-1590. [PMID: 37580604 PMCID: PMC10457207 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in the thymus is critical to adaptive immunity and is widely studied as a model of lineage commitment. Recognition of self-peptide major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I or II by the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) determines the CD8+ or CD4+ T cell lineage choice, respectively, but how distinct TCR signals drive transcriptional programs of lineage commitment remains largely unknown. Here we applied CITE-seq to measure RNA and surface proteins in thymocytes from wild-type and T cell lineage-restricted mice to generate a comprehensive timeline of cell states for each T cell lineage. These analyses identified a sequential process whereby all thymocytes initiate CD4+ T cell lineage differentiation during a first wave of TCR signaling, followed by a second TCR signaling wave that coincides with CD8+ T cell lineage specification. CITE-seq and pharmaceutical inhibition experiments implicated a TCR-calcineurin-NFAT-GATA3 axis in driving the CD4+ T cell fate. Our data provide a resource for understanding cell fate decisions and implicate a sequential selection process in guiding lineage choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Steier
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA, USA
- UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley and San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Center for Computational Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dominik A Aylard
- University of California, Berkeley, Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Laura L McIntyre
- University of California, Berkeley, Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Isabel Baldwin
- University of California, Berkeley, Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Esther Jeong Yoon Kim
- University of California, Berkeley, Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lydia K Lutes
- University of California, Berkeley, Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Can Ergen
- University of California, Berkeley, Center for Computational Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Ellen A Robey
- University of California, Berkeley, Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Nir Yosef
- University of California, Berkeley, Center for Computational Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Systems Immunology, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Aaron Streets
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley and San Francisco, CA, USA.
- University of California, Berkeley, Center for Computational Biology, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Kim I, Park T, Noh JY, Kim W. Emerging role of Hippo pathway in the regulation of hematopoiesis. BMB Rep 2023; 56:417-425. [PMID: 37574808 PMCID: PMC10471462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In various organisms, the Hippo signaling pathway has been identified as a master regulator of organ size determination and tissue homeostasis. The Hippo signaling coordinates embryonic development, tissue regeneration and differentiation, through regulating cell proliferation and survival. The YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) act as core transducers of the Hippo pathway, and they are tightly and exquisitely regulated in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. Abnormal regulation or genetic variation of the Hippo pathway causes a wide range of human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have revealed that Hippo signaling plays a pivotal role in the immune system and cancer immunity. Due to pathophysiological importance, the emerging role of Hippo signaling in blood cell differentiation, known as hematopoiesis, is receiving much attention. A number of elegant studies using a genetically engineered mouse (GEM) model have shed light on the mechanistic and physiological insights into the Hippo pathway in the regulation of hematopoiesis. Here, we briefly review the function of Hippo signaling in the regulation of hematopoiesis and immune cell differentiation. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(8): 417-425].
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Taeho Park
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Noh
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Adu-Berchie K, Obuseh FO, Mooney DJ. T Cell Development and Function. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:126-138. [PMID: 37154728 PMCID: PMC10460695 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells play critical roles in the immune system, including in responses to cancer, autoimmunity, and tissue regeneration. T cells arise from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) that differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. CLPs then traffic to the thymus, where they undergo thymopoiesis through a number of selection steps, resulting in mature single positive naive CD4 helper or CD8 cytotoxic T cells. Naive T cells are home to secondary lymphoid organs like lymph nodes and are primed by antigen-presenting cells, which scavenge for both foreign and self-antigens. Effector T cell function is multifaceted, including direct target cell lysis and secretion of cytokines, which regulate the functions of other immune cells (refer to "Graphical Abstract"). This review will discuss T cell development and function, from the development of lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow to principles that govern T cell effector function and dysfunction, specifically within the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwasi Adu-Berchie
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Favour O. Obuseh
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David J. Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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34
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Chen M, Venturi V, Munier CML. Dissecting the Protective Effect of CD8 + T Cells in Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and the Potential Link with Lymph Node CD8 + T Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1035. [PMID: 37508464 PMCID: PMC10376827 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have played a crucial role in effectively reducing COVID-19 disease severity, with a new generation of vaccines that use messenger RNA (mRNA) technology being administered globally. Neutralizing antibodies have featured as the heroes of vaccine-induced immunity. However, vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells may have a significant impact on the early protective effects of the mRNA vaccine, which are evident 12 days after initial vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells have been shown to respond to multiple epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 and exhibit polyfunctionality in the periphery at the early stage, even when neutralizing antibodies are scarce. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce diverse subsets of memory CD8+ T cells that persist for more than six months following vaccination. However, the protective role of CD8+ T cells in response to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines remains a topic of debate. In addition, our understanding of CD8+ T cells in response to vaccination in the lymph nodes, where they first encounter antigen, is still limited. This review delves into the current knowledge regarding the protective role of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in controlling the virus, the response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, and the contribution to supporting B cell activity and promoting immune protection in the lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Chen
- The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Cuche C, Mastrogiovanni M, Juzans M, Laude H, Ungeheuer MN, Krentzel D, Gariboldi MI, Scott-Algara D, Madec M, Goyard S, Floch C, Chauveau-Le Friec G, Lafaye P, Renaudat C, Le Bidan M, Micallef C, Schmutz S, Mella S, Novault S, Hasan M, Duffy D, Di Bartolo V, Alcover A. T cell migration and effector function differences in familial adenomatous polyposis patients with APC gene mutations. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1163466. [PMID: 37533857 PMCID: PMC10393261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1163466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited disease characterized by the development of large number of colorectal adenomas with high risk of evolving into colorectal tumors. Mutations of the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is often at the origin of this disease, as well as of a high percentage of spontaneous colorectal tumors. APC is therefore considered a tumor suppressor gene. While the role of APC in intestinal epithelium homeostasis is well characterized, its importance in immune responses remains ill defined. Our recent work indicates that the APC protein is involved in various phases of both CD4 and CD8 T cells responses. This prompted us to investigate an array of immune cell features in FAP subjects carrying APC mutations. A group of 12 FAP subjects and age and sex-matched healthy controls were studied. We characterized the immune cell repertoire in peripheral blood and the capacity of immune cells to respond ex vivo to different stimuli either in whole blood or in purified T cells. A variety of experimental approaches were used, including, pultiparamater flow cytometry, NanosString gene expression profiling, Multiplex and regular ELISA, confocal microscopy and computer-based image analyis methods. We found that the percentage of several T and natural killer (NK) cell populations, the expression of several genes induced upon innate or adaptive immune stimulation and the production of several cytokines and chemokines was different. Moreover, the capacity of T cells to migrate in response to chemokine was consistently altered. Finally, immunological synapses between FAP cytotoxic T cells and tumor target cells were more poorly structured. Our findings of this pilot study suggest that mild but multiple immune cell dysfunctions, together with intestinal epithelial dysplasia in FAP subjects, may facilitate the long-term polyposis and colorectal tumor development. Although at an initial discovery phase due to the limited sample size of this rare disease cohort, our findings open new perspectives to consider immune cell abnormalities into polyposis pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Cuche
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
| | - Marta Mastrogiovanni
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Marie Juzans
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Laude
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, ICAReB-Clin, Paris, France
| | | | - Daniel Krentzel
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR3691, Unité Imagerie et Modélisation, Paris, France
| | - Maria Isabella Gariboldi
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR3691, Unité Imagerie et Modélisation, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Scott-Algara
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Madec
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Goyard
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Plateforme d’Innovation et de Développement de Tests Diagnostiques, Paris, France
| | - Camille Floch
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Plateforme d’Innovation et de Développement de Tests Diagnostiques, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Chauveau-Le Friec
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR3528, Plateforme d’Ingénierie des Anticorps, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Lafaye
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR3528, Plateforme d’Ingénierie des Anticorps, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Sandrine Schmutz
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité de Technologie et Service Cytométrie et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Mella
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité de Technologie et Service Cytométrie et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Novault
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité de Technologie et Service Cytométrie et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Milena Hasan
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité de Technologie et Service Cytométrie et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Immunologie Translationnelle, Paris, France
| | - Vincenzo Di Bartolo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
| | - Andrés Alcover
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer-Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, Paris, France
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Shireman JM, Gonugunta N, Zhao L, Pattnaik A, Distler E, Her S, Wang X, Das R, Galipeau J, Dey M. GM-CSF and IL-7 fusion cytokine engineered tumor vaccine generates long-term Th-17 memory cells and increases overall survival in aged syngeneic mouse models of glioblastoma. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13864. [PMID: 37165998 PMCID: PMC10352573 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related immune dysfunctions, such as decreased T-cell output, are closely related to pathologies like cancers and lack of vaccine efficacy among the elderly. Engineered fusokine, GIFT-7, a fusion of interleukin 7 (IL-7) and GM-CSF, can reverse aging-related lymphoid organ atrophy. We generated a GIFT-7 fusokine tumor vaccine and employed it in aged syngeneic mouse models of glioblastoma and found that peripheral vaccination with GIFT-7TVax resulted in thymic regeneration and generated durable long-term antitumor immunity specifically in aged mice. Global cytokine analysis showed increased pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β in the vaccinated group that resulted in hyperactivation of dendritic cells. In addition, GIFT-7 vaccination resulted in increased T-cell trafficking to the brain and robust Th-17 long-term effector memory T-cell formation. TCR-seq analysis showed increased productive frequency among detected rearrangements within the vaccinated group. Overall, our data demonstrate that aging immune system can be therapeutically augmented to generate lasting antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M. Shireman
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Nikita Gonugunta
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Akshita Pattnaik
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Emily Distler
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Skyler Her
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Rahul Das
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Jaques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
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37
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Feng Y, Chen X, Zhang XD, Huang C. Metabolic Pathway Pairwise-Based Signature as a Potential Non-Invasive Diagnostic Marker in Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1285. [PMID: 37372465 PMCID: PMC10298314 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder. Early screening, particularly in blood plasma, has been demonstrated as a promising approach to the diagnosis and prevention of AD. In addition, metabolic dysfunction has been demonstrated to be closely related to AD, which might be reflected in the whole blood transcriptome. Hence, we hypothesized that the establishment of a diagnostic model based on the metabolic signatures of blood is a workable strategy. To that end, we initially constructed metabolic pathway pairwise (MPP) signatures to characterize the interplay among metabolic pathways. Then, a series of bioinformatic methodologies, e.g., differential expression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, network analysis, etc., were used to investigate the molecular mechanism behind AD. Moreover, an unsupervised clustering analysis based on the MPP signature profile via the Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) algorithm was utilized to stratify AD patients. Finally, aimed at distinguishing AD patients from non-AD groups, a metabolic pathway-pairwise scoring system (MPPSS) was established using multi-machine learning methods. As a result, many metabolic pathways correlated to AD were disclosed, including oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. NMF clustering analysis divided AD patients into two subgroups (S1 and S2), which exhibit distinct activities of metabolism and immunity. Typically, oxidative phosphorylation in S2 exhibits a lower activity than that in S1 and non-AD group, suggesting the patients in S2 might possess a more compromised brain metabolism. Additionally, immune infiltration analysis showed that the patients in S2 might have phenomena of immune suppression compared with S1 and the non-AD group. These findings indicated that S2 probably has a more severe progression of AD. Finally, MPPSS could achieve an AUC of 0.73 (95%CI: 0.70, 0.77) in the training dataset, 0.71 (95%CI: 0.65, 0.77) in the testing dataset, and an AUC of 0.99 (95%CI: 0.96, 1.00) in one external validation dataset. Overall, our study successfully established a novel metabolism-based scoring system for AD diagnosis using the blood transcriptome and provided new insight into the molecular mechanism of metabolic dysfunction implicated in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Feng
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.F.); (X.C.)
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.F.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaohua Douglas Zhang
- Department of Biostatitics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Chen Huang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.F.); (X.C.)
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Yang J, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Yu X, Shi S. Epigenetic regulation in the tumor microenvironment: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:210. [PMID: 37217462 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Over decades, researchers have focused on the epigenetic control of DNA-templated processes. Histone modification, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, RNA modification, and noncoding RNAs modulate many biological processes that are crucial to the development of cancers. Dysregulation of the epigenome drives aberrant transcriptional programs. A growing body of evidence suggests that the mechanisms of epigenetic modification are dysregulated in human cancers and might be excellent targets for tumor treatment. Epigenetics has also been shown to influence tumor immunogenicity and immune cells involved in antitumor responses. Thus, the development and application of epigenetic therapy and cancer immunotherapy and their combinations may have important implications for cancer treatment. Here, we present an up-to-date and thorough description of how epigenetic modifications in tumor cells influence immune cell responses in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and how epigenetics influence immune cells internally to modify the TME. Additionally, we highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting epigenetic regulators for cancer immunotherapy. Harnessing the complex interplay between epigenetics and cancer immunology to develop therapeutics that combine thereof is challenging but could yield significant benefits. The purpose of this review is to assist researchers in understanding how epigenetics impact immune responses in the TME, so that better cancer immunotherapies can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Ou X, Wang H, Tie H, Liao J, Luo Y, Huang W, Yu R, Song L, Zhu J. Novel plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles from Catharanthus roseus: preparation, characterization, and immunostimulatory effect via TNF-α/NF-κB/PU.1 axis. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:160. [PMID: 37210530 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-derived exosomes-like nanovesicles (PDENs) have been found to be advantageous in disease treatment and drug delivery, but research on their biogenesis, compositional analysis, and key marker proteins is still in its infancy, which limits the standardized production of PDENs. Efficient preparation of PDENs continues to be a major challenge. RESULTS Novel PDENs-based chemotherapeutic immune modulators, Catharanthus roseus (L.) Don leaves-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (CLDENs) were isolated from apoplastic fluid. CLDENs were membrane structured vesicles with a particle size of 75.51 ± 10.19 nm and a surface charge of -21.8 mV. CLDENs exhibited excellent stability, tolerating multiple enzymatic digestions, resisting extreme pH environments, and remaining stable in the gastrointestinal simulating fluid. Biodistribution experiments showed that CLDENs could be internalized by immune cells, and targeted at immune organs after intraperitoneal injection. The lipidomic analysis revealed CLDENs' special lipid composition, which contained 36.5% ether-phospholipids. Differential proteomics supported the origin of CLDENs in multivesicular bodies, and six marker proteins of CLDENs were identified for the first time. 60 ~ 240 μg/ml of CLDENs promoted the polarization and phagocytosis of macrophages as well as lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. Administration of 20 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg of CLDENs alleviated white blood cell reduction and bone marrow cell cycle arrest in immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide. CLDENs strongly stimulated the secretion of TNF-α, activated NF-κB signal pathway and increased the expression of the hematopoietic function-related transcription factor PU.1 both in vitro and in vivo. To ensure a steady supply of CLDENs, plant cell culture systems of C. roseus were established to provide CLDENs-like nanovesicles which had similar physical properties and biological activities. Gram-level nanovesicles were successfully obtained from the culture medium, and the yield was three times as high as the original. CONCLUSIONS Our research supports the use of CLDENs as a nano-biomaterial with excellent stability and biocompatibility, and for post-chemotherapy immune adjuvant therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Ou
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Weihai Neoland Biosciences Co., Ltd, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Huilin Tie
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Jiapei Liao
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Weijuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Rongmin Yu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
- Weihai Neoland Biosciences Co., Ltd, Weihai, 264209, China.
| | - Liyan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
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Fan YN, Zhao G, Zhang Y, Ye QN, Sun YQ, Shen S, Liu Y, Xu CF, Wang J. Progress in nanoparticle-based regulation of immune cells. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2023; 3:152-179. [PMID: 37724086 PMCID: PMC10471115 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Immune cells are indispensable defenders of the human body, clearing exogenous pathogens and toxicities or endogenous malignant and aging cells. Immune cell dysfunction can cause an inability to recognize, react, and remove these hazards, resulting in cancers, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and infections. Immune cells regulation has shown great promise in treating disease, and immune agonists are usually used to treat cancers and infections caused by immune suppression. In contrast, immunosuppressants are used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the key to maintaining health is to restore balance to the immune system, as excessive activation or inhibition of immune cells is a common complication of immunotherapy. Nanoparticles are efficient drug delivery systems widely used to deliver small molecule inhibitors, nucleic acid, and proteins. Using nanoparticles for the targeted delivery of drugs to immune cells provides opportunities to regulate immune cell function. In this review, we summarize the current progress of nanoparticle-based strategies for regulating immune function and discuss the prospects of future nanoparticle design to improve immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Fan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gui Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian-Ni Ye
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Qun Sun
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Song Shen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cong-Fei Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Gan L, Zhao Y, Fu Y, Chen Q. The potential role of m6A modifications on immune cells and immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114343. [PMID: 36758318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), is the most prevalent and reversible post-transcriptional epigenetic modification of RNA in mammals. Dysregulation of m6A modifications impacts RNA procession, degradation, translocation, and translation, disrupting immune cell homeostasis and promoting tumor initiation and development. Here, we discuss an -up-to-date summary of the mechanisms by which m6A modifications regulate immune cell anti-tumor as well as self-homeostasis. We also present how the dysregulation of m6A modifications intrinsic to tumor cells regulates the function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, we described some specific inhibitors targeting m6A modulators and discussed their potential use in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchuan Gan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, College Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Zhao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, College Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Yajuan Fu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, College Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, College Town, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
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Chaudhary S, Rai R, Pal PB, Tedesco D, Singhi AD, Monga SP, Grakoui A, Iyer SS, Raeman R. Western diet dampens T regulatory cell function to fuel hepatic inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.533977. [PMID: 36993495 PMCID: PMC10055333 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.533977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims The immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Tregs) regulate immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis, yet their functions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis remains controversial. Methods Mice were fed a normal diet (ND) or a western diet (WD) for 16 weeks to induce NAFLD. Diphtheria toxin injection to deplete Tregs in Foxp3 DTR mice or Treg induction therapy in WT mice to augment Treg numbers was initiated at twelve and eight weeks, respectively. Liver tissues from mice and NASH human subjects were analyzed by histology, confocal imaging, and qRT-PCR. Results WD triggered accumulation of adaptive immune cells, including Tregs and effector T cells, within the liver parenchyma. This pattern was also observed in NASH patients, where an increase in intrahepatic Tregs was noted. In the absence of adaptive immune cells in Rag1 KO mice, WD promoted accumulation of intrahepatic neutrophils and macrophages and exacerbated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Similarly, targeted Treg depletion exacerbated WD-induced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. In Treg-depleted mice, hepatic injury was associated with increased accumulation of neutrophils, macrophages, and activated T cells within the liver. Conversely, induction of Tregs using recombinant IL2/αIL2 mAb cocktail reduced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in WD-fed mice. Analysis of intrahepatic Tregs from WD-fed mice revealed a phenotypic signature of impaired Treg function in NAFLD. Ex vivo functional studies showed that glucose and palmitate, but not fructose, impaired the immunosuppressive ability of Treg cells. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the liver microenvironment in NAFLD impairs ability of Tregs to suppress effector immune cell activation, thus perpetuating chronic inflammation and driving NAFLD progression. These data suggest that targeted approaches aimed at restoring Treg function may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for treating NAFLD. Lay summary In this study, we elucidate the mechanisms contributing to the perpetuation of chronic hepatic inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We show that dietary sugar and fatty acids promote chronic hepatic inflammation in NAFLD by impairing immunosuppressive function of regulatory T cells. Finally, our preclinical data suggest that targeted approaches aimed at restoring T regulatory cell function have the potential to treat NAFLD.
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Lu S, Zhang C, Ma Z, Su R, Li Y, Sun T, Li Y, Hong M, Deng X, Monjezi MR, Hristov M, Steffens S, Santovito D, Dornmair K, Ley K, Weber C, Mohanta SK, Habenicht AJR, Yin C. Pairing of single-cell RNA analysis and T cell antigen receptor profiling indicates breakdown of T cell tolerance checkpoints in atherosclerosis. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:290-306. [PMID: 37621765 PMCID: PMC10448629 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00218-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaques form in the inner layer of arteries triggering heart attacks and strokes. Although T cells have been detected in atherosclerosis, tolerance dysfunction as a disease driver remains unexplored. Here we examine tolerance checkpoints in atherosclerotic plaques, artery tertiary lymphoid organs and lymph nodes in mice burdened by advanced atherosclerosis, via single-cell RNA sequencing paired with T cell antigen receptor sequencing. Complex patterns of deteriorating peripheral T cell tolerance were observed being most pronounced in plaques followed by artery tertiary lymphoid organs, lymph nodes and blood. Affected checkpoints included clonal expansion of CD4+, CD8+ and regulatory T cells; aberrant tolerance-regulating transcripts of clonally expanded T cells; T cell exhaustion; Treg-TH17 T cell conversion; and dysfunctional antigen presentation. Moreover, single-cell RNA-sequencing profiles of human plaques revealed that the CD8+ T cell tolerance dysfunction observed in mouse plaques was shared in human coronary and carotid artery plaques. Thus, our data support the concept of atherosclerosis as a bona fide T cell autoimmune disease targeting the arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Shu Lu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Chuankai Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rui Su
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuanfang Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ting Sun
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yutao Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Mingyang Hong
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Xinyi Deng
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Mohammad Rafiee Monjezi
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hristov
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), Unit of Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Ley
- Immunology Center of Georgia (IMMCG), Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sarajo K. Mohanta
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas J. R. Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
| | - Changjun Yin
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- These authors contributed equally: Zhihua Wang, Xi Zhang, Shu Lu, Andreas J. R. Habenicht, Changjun Yin
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Lin F, Lin X, Fu B, Xiong Y, Zaky MY, Wu H. Functional studies of HLA and its role in SARS-CoV-2: Stimulating T cell response and vaccine development. Life Sci 2023; 315:121374. [PMID: 36621539 PMCID: PMC9815883 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the biological immune process, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays an indispensable role in the expression of HLA molecules in the human body when viral infection activates the T-cell response to remove the virus. Since the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in 2019, how to address and prevent SARS-CoV-2 has become a common problem facing all mankind. The T-cell immune response activated by MHC peptides is a way to construct a defense line and reduce the transmission and harm of the virus. Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 antigen is associated with different types of HLA phenotypes, and different HLA phenotypes induce different immune responses. The prediction of SARS-CoV-2 mutation information and the design of vaccines based on HLAs can effectively activate autoimmunity and cope with virus mutations, which can provide some references for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China.
| | - Beibei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China
| | - Mohamed Y Zaky
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Department of Oncology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Haibo Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Shapingba, Chongqing, China.
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Abstract
T cells are one of few cell types in adult mammals that can proliferate extensively and differentiate diversely upon stimulation, which serves as an excellent example to dissect the metabolic basis of cell fate decisions. During the last decade, there has been an explosion of research into the metabolic control of T-cell responses. The roles of common metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, in T-cell responses have been well characterized, and their mechanisms of action are starting to emerge. In this review, we present several considerations for T-cell metabolism-focused research, while providing an overview of the metabolic control of T-cell fate decisions during their life journey. We try to synthesize principles that explain the causal relationship between cellular metabolism and T-cell fate decision. We also discuss key unresolved questions and challenges in targeting T-cell metabolism to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Peng
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming O. Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Fang C, Ma Y. Peripheral Blood Genes Crosstalk between COVID-19 and Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032591. [PMID: 36768914 PMCID: PMC9916586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a rapid increase in death rates all over the world. Sepsis is a life-threatening disease associated with a dysregulated host immune response. It has been shown that COVID-19 shares many similarities with sepsis in many aspects. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sepsis and COVID-19 are not well understood. The aim of this study was to identify common transcriptional signatures, regulators, and pathways between COVID-19 and sepsis, which may provide a new direction for the treatment of COVID-19 and sepsis. First, COVID-19 blood gene expression profile (GSE179850) data and sepsis blood expression profile (GSE134347) data were obtained from GEO. Then, we intersected the differentially expressed genes (DEG) from these two datasets to obtain common DEGs. Finally, the common DEGs were used for functional enrichment analysis, transcription factor and miRNA prediction, pathway analysis, and candidate drug analysis. A total of 307 common DEGs were identified between the sepsis and COVID-19 datasets. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) were constructed using the STRING database. Subsequently, hub genes were identified based on PPI networks. In addition, we performed GO functional analysis and KEGG pathway analysis of common DEGs, and found a common association between sepsis and COVID-19. Finally, we identified transcription factor-gene interaction, DEGs-miRNA co-regulatory networks, and protein-drug interaction, respectively. Through ROC analysis, we identified 10 central hub genes as potential biomarkers. In this study, we identified SARS-CoV-2 infection as a high risk factor for sepsis. Our study may provide a potential therapeutic direction for the treatment of COVID-19 patients suffering from sepsis.
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Jayaprakash AD, Ronk AJ, Prasad AN, Covington MF, Stein KR, Schwarz TM, Hekmaty S, Fenton KA, Geisbert TW, Basler CF, Bukreyev A, Sachidanandam R. Marburg and Ebola Virus Infections Elicit a Complex, Muted Inflammatory State in Bats. Viruses 2023; 15:350. [PMID: 36851566 PMCID: PMC9958679 DOI: 10.3390/v15020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Marburg and Ebola filoviruses cause a severe, often fatal, disease in humans and nonhuman primates but have only subclinical effects in bats, including Egyptian rousettes, which are a natural reservoir of Marburg virus. A fundamental question is why these viruses are highly pathogenic in humans but fail to cause disease in bats. To address this question, we infected one cohort of Egyptian rousette bats with Marburg virus and another cohort with Ebola virus and harvested multiple tissues for mRNA expression analysis. While virus transcripts were found primarily in the liver, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed coordinated changes across multiple tissues. Gene signatures in kidney and liver pointed at induction of vasodilation, reduction in coagulation, and changes in the regulation of iron metabolism. Signatures of immune response detected in spleen and liver indicated a robust anti-inflammatory state signified by macrophages in the M2 state and an active T cell response. The evolutionary divergence between bats and humans of many responsive genes might provide a framework for understanding the differing outcomes upon infection by filoviruses. In this study, we outline multiple interconnected pathways that respond to infection by MARV and EBOV, providing insights into the complexity of the mechanisms that enable bats to resist the disease caused by filoviral infections. The results have the potential to aid in the development of new strategies to effectively mitigate and treat the disease caused by these viruses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam J. Ronk
- Department of Pathology, the University Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Abhishek N. Prasad
- Department of Pathology, the University Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | - Kathryn R. Stein
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Toni M. Schwarz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Saboor Hekmaty
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Karla A. Fenton
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department Microbiology & Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Thomas W. Geisbert
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department Microbiology & Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Christopher F. Basler
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, the University Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Galveston National Laboratory, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department Microbiology & Immunology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ravi Sachidanandam
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Gopinath A, Mackie PM, Phan LT, Mirabel R, Smith AR, Miller E, Franks S, Syed O, Riaz T, Law BK, Urs N, Khoshbouei H. Who Knew? Dopamine Transporter Activity Is Critical in Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020269. [PMID: 36672204 PMCID: PMC9857305 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates the dimension and duration of dopamine transmission. DAT expression, its trafficking, protein-protein interactions, and its activity are conventionally studied in the CNS and within the context of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's Diseases and neuropsychiatric diseases such as drug addiction, attention deficit hyperactivity and autism. However, DAT is also expressed at the plasma membrane of peripheral immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, T-cells, and B-cells. DAT activity via an autocrine/paracrine signaling loop regulates macrophage responses to immune stimulation. In a recent study, we identified an immunosuppressive function for DAT, where blockade of DAT activity enhanced LPS-mediated production of IL-6, TNF-α, and mitochondrial superoxide levels, demonstrating that DAT activity regulates macrophage immune responses. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that in the DAT knockout mice, innate and adaptive immunity are perturbed. We found that genetic deletion of DAT (DAT-/-) results in an exaggerated baseline inflammatory phenotype in peripheral circulating myeloid cells. In peritoneal macrophages obtained from DAT-/- mice, we identified increased MHC-II expression and exaggerated phagocytic response to LPS-induced immune stimulation, suppressed T-cell populations at baseline and following systemic endotoxemia and exaggerated memory B cell expansion. In DAT-/- mice, norepinephrine and dopamine levels are increased in spleen and thymus, but not in circulating serum. These findings in conjunction with spleen hypoplasia, increased splenic myeloid cells, and elevated MHC-II expression, in DAT-/- mice further support a critical role for DAT activity in peripheral immunity. While the current study is only focused on identifying the role of DAT in peripheral immunity, our data point to a much broader implication of DAT activity than previously thought. This study is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Marc Caron who has left an indelible mark in the dopamine transporter field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (H.K.)
| | - Phillip M. Mackie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Leah T. Phan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Rosa Mirabel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Aidan R. Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Emily Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Stephen Franks
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ohee Syed
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Tabish Riaz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Brian K. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Nikhil Urs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (H.K.)
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Du W, Menjivar RE, Donahue KL, Kadiyala P, Velez-Delgado A, Brown KL, Watkoske HR, He X, Carpenter ES, Angeles CV, Zhang Y, Pasca di Magliano M. WNT signaling in the tumor microenvironment promotes immunosuppression in murine pancreatic cancer. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220503. [PMID: 36239683 PMCID: PMC9577101 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is associated with activation of WNT signaling. Whether this signaling pathway regulates the tumor microenvironment has remained unexplored. Through single-cell RNA sequencing of human pancreatic cancer, we discovered that tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells express TCF7, encoding for the transcription factor TCF1. We conditionally inactivated Tcf7 in CD4 expressing T cells in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer and observed changes in the tumor immune microenvironment, including more CD8+ T cells and fewer regulatory T cells, but also compensatory upregulation of PD-L1. We then used a clinically available inhibitor of Porcupine, a key component of WNT signaling, and observed similar reprogramming of the immune response. WNT signaling inhibition has limited therapeutic window due to toxicity, and PD-L1 blockade has been ineffective in PDA. Here, we show that combination targeting reduces pancreatic cancer growth in an experimental model and might benefit the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Du
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Rosa E. Menjivar
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Padma Kadiyala
- Immunology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ashley Velez-Delgado
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | | | - Xi He
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Eileen S. Carpenter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Christina V. Angeles
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Li W, Wang X, Li C, Chen T, Zhou X, Li Z, Yang Q. Identification and validation of an m6A-related gene signature to predict prognosis and evaluate immune features of breast cancer. Hum Cell 2023; 36:393-408. [PMID: 36403174 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer, and it is accompanied by high heterogeneity. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification significantly contributes to breast cancer tumorigenesis and progression. However, how m6A-related genes affect the clinical outcomes and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of breast cancer is largely unknown. Our study developed an m6A-related gene signature on the basis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The m6A-related gene signature was constructed using univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Breast cancer patients were classified into low- and high-risk groups depending on the median risk score. The reliability and efficiency of the signature were validated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and principal component analysis (PCA). The risk score was validated as an independent indicator associated with overall survival, and a nomogram model was created to estimate the overall survival of patients with breast cancer. Functional annotation suggested that the risk score had a strong relationship with immune-related pathways. Different proportions of immune cell infiltration between the two groups were evaluated using various algorithms. The high-risk group had higher immune checkpoint expression levels. We discovered that one of the 6 prognostic genes, TMEM71, was downregulated in breast cancer tissues. In vitro experiments indicated that overexpression of TMEM71 suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, the m6A-related gene signature may be a sensitive biomarker for overall survival prediction and guide the individualized treatment for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xianyong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Department of Pathology Tissue Bank, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, JinanShandong, 250012, China.
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