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Pan R, Zhao Z, Xu D, Li C, Xia Q. GPX4 transcriptionally promotes liver cancer metastasis via GRHL3/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis. Transl Res 2024; 271:79-92. [PMID: 38797432 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most fatal types of malignancy, with a high prevalence of relapse and limited treatment options. As a critical regulator of ferroptosis and redox homeostasis, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is commonly upregulated in HCC and is hypothesized to facilitate cancer metastasis, but this has not been fully explored in HCC. Here, we report that up-regulated GPX4 expression in HCC is strongly associated with tumor metastasis. FACS-based in vivo and in vitro analysis revealed that a cell subpopulation featuring lower cellular reactive oxygen species levels and ferroptosis resistance were involved in GPX4-mediated HCC metastasis. Mechanistically, GPX4 overexpressed in HCC tumor cells was enriched in the nucleus and transcriptionally silenced GRHL3 expression, thereby activating PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling and promoting HCC metastasis. Functional studies demonstrated that GPX4 amino acids 110-145 are a binding site that interacts with the GRHL3 promoter. As AKT is a downstream target of GPX4, we combined the AKT inhibitor, AKT-IN3, with lenvatinib to effectively inhibit HCC tumor cell metastasis. Overall, these results indicate that the GPX4/GRHL3/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis controls HCC cell metastasis and lenvatinib combined with AKT-IN3 represents a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with metastatic HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruogu Pan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200217, China
| | - Zhenjun Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200217, China; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dongwei Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200217, China
| | - Chunlai Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200217, China; Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200217, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200217, China; Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200217, China.
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2
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Yu M, Feng Y, Yan J, Zhang X, Tian Z, Wang T, Wang J, Shen W. Transcriptomic regulatory analysis of skeletal muscle development in landrace pigs. Gene 2024; 915:148407. [PMID: 38531491 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of pig skeletal muscle is a complex dynamic regulation process, which mainly includes the formation of primary and secondary muscle fibers, the remodeling of muscle fibers, and the maturation of skeletal muscle; However, the regulatory mechanism of the entire developmental process remains unclear. This study analyzed the whole-transcriptome data of skeletal muscles at 27 developmental nodes (E33-D180) in Landrace pigs, and their key regulatory factors in the development process were identified using the bioinformatics method. Firstly, we constructed a transcriptome expression map of skeletal muscle development from embryo to adulthood in Landrace pig. Subsequently, due to drastic change in gene expression, the perinatal periods including E105, D0 and D9, were focused, and the genes related to the process of muscle fiber remodeling and volume expansion were revealed. Then, though conjoint analysis with miRNA and lncRNA transcripts, a ceRNA network were identified, which consist of 11 key regulatory genes (such as CHAC1, RTN4IP1 and SESN1), 7 miRNAs and 43 lncRNAs, and they potentially play an important role in the process of muscle fiber differentiation, muscle fiber remodeling and volume expansion, intramuscular fat deposition, and other skeletal muscle developmental events. In summary, we reveal candidate genes and underlying molecular regulatory networks associated with perinatal skeletal muscle fiber type remodeling and expansion. These data provide new insights into the molecular regulation of mammalian skeletal muscle development and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanqin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jiamao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhe Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Johnson SM, Bao H, McMahon CE, Chen Y, Burr SD, Anderson AM, Madeyski-Bengtson K, Lindén D, Han X, Liu J. PNPLA3 is a triglyceride lipase that mobilizes polyunsaturated fatty acids to facilitate hepatic secretion of large-sized very low-density lipoprotein. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4847. [PMID: 38844467 PMCID: PMC11156938 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The I148M variant of PNPLA3 is closely associated with hepatic steatosis. Recent evidence indicates that the I148M mutant functions as an inhibitor of PNPLA2/ATGL-mediated lipolysis, leaving the role of wild-type PNPLA3 undefined. Despite showing a triglyceride hydrolase activity in vitro, PNPLA3 has yet to be established as a lipase in vivo. Here, we show that PNPLA3 preferentially hydrolyzes polyunsaturated triglycerides, mobilizing polyunsaturated fatty acids for phospholipid desaturation and enhancing hepatic secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Under lipogenic conditions, mice with liver-specific knockout or acute knockdown of PNPLA3 exhibit aggravated liver steatosis and reduced plasma VLDL-triglyceride levels. Similarly, I148M-knockin mice show decreased hepatic triglyceride secretion during lipogenic stimulation. Our results highlight a specific context whereby the wild-type PNPLA3 facilitates the balance between hepatic triglyceride storage and secretion, and suggest the potential contribution of a loss-of-function by the I148M variant to the development of fatty liver disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Cell Biology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hanmei Bao
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes; University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Cailin E McMahon
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department; Cornell College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yongbin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Stephanie D Burr
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Aaron M Anderson
- Department of Developmental Biology; Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Katja Madeyski-Bengtson
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences; BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindén
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM); BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology; Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies and Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes; University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition; Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Kang C, Xiao Q, Wang X, Guo W, Zhang H, Yuan L, Zhao Z, Hao W. Chlormequat chloride induces hepatic steatosis by promoting mTOR/SREBP1 mediated lipogenesis via AMPK inhibition. Food Chem Toxicol 2024:114790. [PMID: 38849044 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Chlormequat chloride (CCC), a widely used plant growth regulator, is a choline analogue that has been shown to have endocrine-disrupting effects. Previous studies have shown that maternal exposure to CCC could induce hyperlipidemia and growth disruption in rat offspring. This study aims to further investigate the effects of peripubertal exposure to CCC on pubertal development and lipid homeostasis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. In vivo, male weanling rats were exposed to CCC (0, 20, 75 and 200 mg/kg bw/day) from post-natal day 21 to 60 via daily oral gavage. The results in rats showed that 75 mg/kg CCC treatment induced hepatic steatosis, predominantly microvesicular steatosis with a small amount of macrovesicular steatosis, in rat livers and 200 mg/kg CCC treatment induced liver damage including inflammatory infiltration, hepatic sinusoidal dilation and necrosis. In vitro, HepG2 cells were treated with CCC (0, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 480 μg/mL) for 24 h. And the results showed that CCC above 120 μg/mL induced an increase in triglyceride and neutral lipid levels of HepG2 cells. Mechanism exploration revealed that CCC treatment promoted the activation of mTOR/SREBP1 signalling pathway and inhibited activation of AMPK in both in vivo rat livers and in vitro HepG2 cells. Treatment with AMPK activator Acadesine (AICAR) could alleviate the lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells induced by CCC. Collectively, the present results indicate that CCC might induce hepatic steatosis by promoting mTOR/SREBP1 mediated lipogenesis via AMPK inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengping Kang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Qianqian Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Wanqian Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lilan Yuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Weidong Hao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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5
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Nováková M, Vyletelová V, Hlubinová B, Kiňová Sepová H, Pašková Ľ. Impact of culture medium on the interpretation of qRT-PCR data in HepG2 incubated with lactobacilli. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae050. [PMID: 38806242 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Recently, an increasing number of studies have investigated the mechanism of action of lactobacilli in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Using four computational tools (NormFinder, geNorm, Delta Ct, and BestKeeper), six potential reference genes (RGs) were analyzed in the human liver cell line HepG2 cultivated 24 h in the presence of two strains of heat-killed lactobacilli, Limosilactobacillus reuteri E and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KG4, respectively, in different cultivation media [Dulbecco´s Modified Eagle´s Medium (DMEM) high glucose or Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)]. The analysis revealed that the suitability of RG was similar between the two lactobacilli but quite different between the two media. The commonly used RGs, 18S rRNA and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were the most unstable in DMEM high glucose. Normalization of the mRNA expression of the target gene encoding sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) to different RGs resulted in different expression profiles. This demonstrates that validation of candidate RGs under specific experimental conditions is crucial for the correct interpretation of quantitative polymerase chain reaction data. In addition, the choice of media has a profound impact on the effect of lactobacilli on lipogenesis at the gene expression level, as shown by the transcription factor SREBP-1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Nováková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Vyletelová
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Hlubinová
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hana Kiňová Sepová
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
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6
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Peng L, Jiang Y, Chen H, Wang Y, Lan Q, Chen S, Huang Z, Zhang J, Tian D, Qiu Y, Cai D, Peng J, Lu D, Yuan X, Yang X, Yin D. Transcription factor EHF interacting with coactivator AJUBA aggravates malignancy and acts as a therapeutic target for gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2119-2136. [PMID: 38799645 PMCID: PMC11120281 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional dysregulation of genes is a hallmark of tumors and can serve as targets for cancer drug development. However, it is extremely challenging to develop small-molecule inhibitors to target abnormally expressed transcription factors (TFs) except for the nuclear receptor family of TFs. Little is known about the interaction between TFs and transcription cofactors in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) or the therapeutic effects of targeting TF and transcription cofactor complexes. In this study, we found that ETS homologous factor (EHF) expression is promoted by a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry (CRC), specifically ELF3-KLF5-GATA6, and interference with its expression suppressed the malignant biological behavior of GEA cells. Importantly, we identified Ajuba LIM protein (AJUBA) as a new coactivator of EHF that cooperatively orchestrates transcriptional network activity in GEA. Furthermore, we identified KRAS signaling as a common pathway downstream of EHF and AJUBA. Applicably, dual targeting of EHF and AJUBA by lipid nanoparticles cooperatively attenuated the malignant biological behaviors of GEA in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, EHF is upregulated by the CRC and promotes GEA malignancy by interacting with AJUBA through the KRAS pathway. Targeting of both EHF and its coactivator AJUBA through lipid nanoparticles is a novel potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yanyi Jiang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hengxing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qiusheng Lan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shuiqin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhanwang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Duanqing Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuntan Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Diankui Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jiangyun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Daning Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xianzhu Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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7
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Xie D, Yan J, Zhang H, Zhang H, Nie G, Zhu X, Li X. Cadmium exacerbates liver injury by remodeling ceramide metabolism: Multiomics and laboratory evidence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171405. [PMID: 38432385 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that primarily targets the liver. Cd exposure disrupts specific lipid metabolic pathways; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the lipidomic characteristics of rat livers after Cd exposure as well as the potential mechanisms of Cd-induced liver injury. Our analysis of established Cd-exposed rat and cell models showed that Cd exposure resulted in liver lipid deposition and hepatocyte damage. Lipidomic detection, transcriptome sequencing, and experimental analyses revealed that Cd mainly affects the sphingolipid metabolic pathway and that the changes in ceramide metabolism are the most significant. In vitro experiments revealed that the inhibition of ceramide synthetase activity or activation of ceramide decomposing enzymes ameliorated the proapoptotic and pro-oxidative stress effects of Cd, thereby alleviating liver injury. In contrast, the exogenous addition of ceramide aggravated liver injury. In summary, Cd increased ceramide levels by remodeling ceramide synthesis and catabolism, thereby promoting hepatocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress and ultimately aggravating liver injury. Reducing ceramide levels can serve as a potential protective strategy to mitigate the liver toxicity of Cd. This study provides new evidence for understanding Cd-induced liver injury at the lipidomic level and insights into the health risks and toxicological mechanisms associated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Honglong Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guole Nie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xun Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of General Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Gansu Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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8
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Miao K, Zhao Y, Xue N. Gkongensin A, an HSP90β inhibitor, improves hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29367. [PMID: 38655315 PMCID: PMC11036013 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and its primary associated comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease, has reached epidemic proportions, with no successful treatment available at present. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a crucial chaperone, plays a key role in de novo lipogenesis (DNL) by stabilizing and maintaining sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) activity. Kongensin A (KA), derived from Croton kongensis, inhibits RIP3-mediated necrosis, showing promise as an anti-necrotic and anti-inflammatory agent. It is not yet clear if KA, acting as an HSP90 inhibitor, can enhance hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance in obese individuals by controlling lipid metabolism. In this study, we first found that KA can potentially decrease lipid content at the cellular level. C57BL/6J mice were given a high-fat diet (HFD) and received KA and lovastatin through oral administration for 7 weeks. KA improved hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and insulin resistance, as well as reduced body weight in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, with no significant alteration in food intake. In vitro, KA suppressed DNL and reduced the amounts of mSREBPs. KA promoted mSREBP degradation via the FBW7-mediated ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. KA decreased the level of p-Akt Ser308, and p-GSK3β Ser9 by inhibiting the interaction between HSP90β and Akt. Overall, KA enhanced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance by blocking SREBP activity, thereby impacting the FBW7-controlled ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Miao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Fuzhou Second General Hospital, 350007, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yawei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong, 212400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Xue
- Department of Acupuncture, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong, 212400, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Shafieizadeh Z, Shafieizadeh Z, Davoudi M, Afrisham R, Miao X. Role of Fibrinogen-like Protein 1 in Tumor Recurrence Following Hepatectomy. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:406-415. [PMID: 38638375 PMCID: PMC11022061 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Partial hepatectomy is a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Within 2 weeks following partial hepatectomy, specific molecular pathways are activated to promote liver regeneration. Nevertheless, residual microtumors may also exploit these pathways to reappear and metastasize. Therapeutically targeting molecules that are differentially regulated between normal cells and malignancies, such as fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), appears to be an effective approach. The potential functions of FGL1 in both regenerative and malignant cells are discussed within the ambit of this review. While FGL1 is normally elevated in regenerative hepatocytes, it is normally downregulated in malignant cells. Hepatectomy does indeed upregulate FGL1 by increasing the release of transcription factors that promote FGL1, including HNF-1α and STAT3, and inflammatory effectors, such as TGF-β and IL6. This, in turn, stimulates certain proliferative pathways, including EGFR/Src/ERK. Hepatectomy alters the phase transition of highly differentiated hepatocytes from G0 to G1, thereby transforming susceptible cells into cancerous ones. Activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by FGL1 allele loss on chromosome 8, a tumor suppressor area, may also cause hepatocellular carcinoma. Interestingly, FGL1 is specifically expressed in the liver via HNF-1α histone acetylase activity, which triggers lipid metabolic reprogramming in malignancies. FGL1 might also be involved in other carcinogenesis processes such as hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, immunosuppression, and sorafenib-mediated drug resistance. This study highlights a research gap in these disciplines and the necessity for additional research on FGL1 function in the described processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shafieizadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Shafieizadeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Davoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Xiaolei Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
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10
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Fleishman JS, Kumar S. Bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:97. [PMID: 38664391 PMCID: PMC11045871 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids, once considered mere dietary surfactants, now emerge as critical modulators of macronutrient (lipid, carbohydrate, protein) metabolism and the systemic pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance. Bile acid metabolism and signaling pathways play a crucial role in protecting against, or if aberrant, inducing cardiometabolic, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions, strongly influencing health and disease. No curative treatment exists for any bile acid influenced disease, while the most promising and well-developed bile acid therapeutic was recently rejected by the FDA. Here, we provide a bottom-up approach on bile acids, mechanistically explaining their biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology at canonical and non-canonical receptors. Using this mechanistic model of bile acids, we explain how abnormal bile acid physiology drives disease pathogenesis, emphasizing how ceramide synthesis may serve as a unifying pathogenic feature for cardiometabolic diseases. We provide an in-depth summary on pre-existing bile acid receptor modulators, explain their shortcomings, and propose solutions for how they may be remedied. Lastly, we rationalize novel targets for further translational drug discovery and provide future perspectives. Rather than dismissing bile acid therapeutics due to recent setbacks, we believe that there is immense clinical potential and a high likelihood for the future success of bile acid therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA.
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11
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Xiang X, Ji R, Han S, Xu X, Zhu S, Li Y, Du J, Mai K, Ai Q. Differences in diacylglycerol acyltransferases expression patterns and regulation cause distinct hepatic triglyceride deposition in fish. Commun Biol 2024; 7:480. [PMID: 38641731 PMCID: PMC11031565 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Triglyceride (TAG) deposition in the liver is associated with metabolic disorders. In lower vertebrate, the propensity to accumulate hepatic TAG varies widely among fish species. Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT1 and DGAT2) are major enzymes for TAG synthesis. Here we show that large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) has significantly higher hepatic TAG level than that in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed with same diet. Hepatic expression of DGATs genes in croaker is markedly higher compared with trout under physiological condition. Meanwhile, DGAT1 and DGAT2 in both croaker and trout are required for TAG synthesis and lipid droplet formation in vitro. Furthermore, oleic acid treatment increases DGAT1 expression in croaker hepatocytes rather than in trout and has no significant difference in DGAT2 expression in two fish species. Finally, effects of various transcription factors on croaker and trout DGAT1 promoter are studied. We find that DGAT1 is a target gene of the transcription factor CREBH in croaker rather than in trout. Overall, hepatic expression and transcriptional regulation of DGATs display significant species differences between croaker and trout with distinct hepatic triglyceride deposition, which bring new perspectives on the use of fish models for studying hepatic TAG deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
| | - Renlei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
| | - Shangzhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
| | - Si Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
| | - Yongnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
| | - Jianlong Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, P.R. China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Xie Y, Shao X, Zhang P, Zhang H, Yu J, Yao X, Fu Y, Wei J, Wu C. High Starch Induces Hematological Variations, Metabolic Changes, Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Responses, and Histopathological Lesions in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Metabolites 2024; 14:236. [PMID: 38668364 PMCID: PMC11051861 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated effects of high starch (20%) on hematological variations, glucose and lipid metabolism, antioxidant ability, inflammatory responses, and histopathological lesions in largemouth bass. Results showed hepatic crude lipid and triacylglycerol (TAG) contents were notably increased in fish fed high starch. High starch could increase counts of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils and serum contents of TAG, TBA, BUN, and LEP (p < 0.05). There were increasing trends in levels of GLUT2, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and LDH in fish fed high starch through the AKT/PI3K signal pathway. Meanwhile, high starch not only triggered TAG and cholesterol synthesis, but mediated cholesterol accumulation by reducing ABCG5, ABCG8, and NPC1L1. Significant increases in lipid droplets and vacuolization were also shown in hepatocytes of D3-D7 groups fed high starch. In addition, high starch could decrease levels of mitochondrial Trx2, TrxR2, and Prx3, while increasing ROS contents. Moreover, high starch could notably increase amounts of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, etc.) by activating NLRP3 inflammasome key molecules (GSDME, caspase 1, etc.). In conclusion, high starch could not only induce metabolic disorders via gluconeogenesis and accumulation of glycogen, TAG, and cholesterol, but could disturb redox homeostasis and cause inflammatory responses by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xianping Shao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Department of Fisheries, School of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China; (Y.X.); (P.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.F.); (J.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chenglong Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Department of Fisheries, School of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China; (Y.X.); (P.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.F.); (J.W.)
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13
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Chou JC, Liu CC, Lee MF. Apigenin Suppresses MED28-Mediated Cell Growth in Human Liver Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38619972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids exhibit health-promoting benefits against multiple chronic diseases, including cancer. Apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone), one flavonoid present in fruits and vegetables, is potentially applicable to chemoprevention. Despite considerable progress in the therapeutic regimen of liver cancer, its prognosis remains poor. MED28, a Mediator subunit for transcriptional activation, is implicated in the development of several types of malignancy; however, its role in liver cancer is unknown at present. In liver cancer, the AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is one major pathway involved in the oncogenic process. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of apigenin and MED28 in AKT/mTOR signaling in liver cancer. We first identified a connectivity score of 92.77 between apigenin treatment and MED28 knockdown in several cancer cell lines using CLUE, a cloud-based software platform to assess connectivity among compounds and genetic perturbagens. Higher expression of MED28 predicted a poorer survival prognosis; MED28 expression in liver cancer tissue was significantly higher than that of normal tissue, and it was positively correlated with tumor stage and grade in The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Cancer (TCGA-LIHC) data set. Knockdown of MED28 induced cell cycle arrest and suppressed the AKT/mTOR signaling in two human liver cancer cell lines, HepG2 and Huh 7, accompanied by less lipid accumulation and lower expression and nuclear localization of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Apigenin inhibited the expression of MED28, and the effect of apigenin mimicked that of the MED28 knockdown. On the other hand, the AKT/mTOR signaling was upregulated when MED28 was overexpressed. These data indicated that MED28 was associated with the survival prognosis and the progression of liver cancer by regulating AKT/mTOR signaling and apigenin appeared to inhibit cell growth through MED28-mediated mTOR signaling, which may be applicable as an adjuvant of chemotherapy or chemoprevention in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jou-Chia Chou
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chia Liu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fen Lee
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
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14
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Fu Y, Wang Z, Qin H. Examining the Pathogenesis of MAFLD and the Medicinal Properties of Natural Products from a Metabolic Perspective. Metabolites 2024; 14:218. [PMID: 38668346 PMCID: PMC11052500 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized primarily by hepatic steatosis, has become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, affecting approximately two-fifths of the global population. The pathogenesis of MAFLD is extremely complex, and to date, there are no approved therapeutic drugs for clinical use. Considerable evidence indicates that various metabolic disorders play a pivotal role in the progression of MAFLD, including lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and micronutrients. In recent years, the medicinal properties of natural products have attracted widespread attention, and numerous studies have reported their efficacy in ameliorating metabolic disorders and subsequently alleviating MAFLD. This review aims to summarize the metabolic-associated pathological mechanisms of MAFLD, as well as the natural products that regulate metabolic pathways to alleviate MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.F.); (Z.W.)
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15
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Guo B, Yan S, Zhai L, Cheng Y. LncRNA HOTAIR accelerates free fatty acid-induced inflammatory response in HepG2 cells by recruiting SRSF1 to stabilize MLXIPL mRNA. Cytotechnology 2024; 76:259-269. [PMID: 38495293 PMCID: PMC10940554 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-023-00614-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
LncRNA HOTAIR has been reported to be associated with metabolic diseases of the liver. However, the effect of HOTAIR on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) inflammation and its potential mechanism have not been reported. Genes and proteins expression were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The level of inflammatory cytokines was assessed by ELISA. HepG2 cell viability was detected by MTT assay. TG level and lipid accumulation were measured by Assay Kit and Oil red O staining, respectively. Direct binding relationship between HOTAIR and Serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), SRSF1 and MLX interacting protein like (MLXIPL) were confirmed by RNA-pull down and RIP assay. HOTAIR was highly expressed in free fatty acids (FFA)-treated HepG2 cells. HOTAIR knockdown alleviated FFA-induced inflammation of HepG2 cells. Then further analysis showed that HOTAIR and SRSF1 had a mutual binding relationship, and HOTAIR maintained MLXIPL mRNA stability via recruiting SRSF1 in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of HOTAIR knockdown on FFA-induced inflammation in HepG2 cells was reversed by MLXIPL overexpression. HOTAIR accelerates inflammation of FFA-induced HepG2 cells by recruiting SRSF1 to stabilize MLXIPL mRNA, which will help to find new effective strategies for NAFLD therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-023-00614-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Health Science College, Guangzhou, 510450 Guangdong China
| | - Shengzhe Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280 Guangdong China
| | - Lei Zhai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Health Science College, Guangzhou, 510450 Guangdong China
| | - Yanzhen Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280 Guangdong China
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16
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Ding L, Huwyler F, Long F, Yang W, Binz J, Wernlé K, Pfister M, Klug M, Balaz M, Ukropcova B, Ukropec J, Wu C, Wang T, Gao M, Clavien PA, Dutkowski P, Tibbitt MW, Wolfrum C. Glucose controls lipolysis through Golgi PtdIns4P-mediated regulation of ATGL. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:552-566. [PMID: 38561547 PMCID: PMC11021197 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic crosstalk of the major nutrients glucose, amino acids and fatty acids (FAs) ensures systemic metabolic homeostasis. The coordination between the supply of glucose and FAs to meet various physiological demands is especially important as improper nutrient levels lead to metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). In response to the oscillations in blood glucose levels, lipolysis is thought to be mainly regulated hormonally to control FA liberation from lipid droplets by insulin, catecholamine and glucagon. However, whether general cell-intrinsic mechanisms exist to directly modulate lipolysis via glucose sensing remains largely unknown. Here we report the identification of such an intrinsic mechanism, which involves Golgi PtdIns4P-mediated regulation of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)-driven lipolysis via intracellular glucose sensing. Mechanistically, depletion of intracellular glucose results in lower Golgi PtdIns4P levels, and thus reduced assembly of the E3 ligase complex CUL7FBXW8 in the Golgi apparatus. Decreased levels of the E3 ligase complex lead to reduced polyubiquitylation of ATGL in the Golgi and enhancement of ATGL-driven lipolysis. This cell-intrinsic mechanism regulates both the pool of intracellular FAs and their extracellular release to meet physiological demands during fasting and glucose deprivation. Moreover, genetic and pharmacological manipulation of the Golgi PtdIns4P-CUL7FBXW8-ATGL axis in mouse models of simple hepatic steatosis and MASH, as well as during ex vivo perfusion of a human steatotic liver graft leads to the amelioration of steatosis, suggesting that this pathway might be a promising target for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and possibly MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianggong Ding
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Florian Huwyler
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fen Long
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Wu Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jonas Binz
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kendra Wernlé
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich Translational Center, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Pfister
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich Translational Center, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Klug
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Min Gao
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacy, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich Translational Center, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Dutkowski
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark W Tibbitt
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wyss Zurich Translational Center, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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17
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Zou Y, Zhang Y, Li M, Cao K, Song C, Zhang Z, Cai K, Geng D, Chen S, Wu Y, Zhang N, Sun G, Wang J, Zhang Y, Sun Y. Regulation of lipid metabolism by E3 ubiquitin ligases in lipid-associated metabolic diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130961. [PMID: 38508558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have progressively elucidated the involvement of E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligases in regulating lipid metabolism. Ubiquitination, facilitated by E3 Ub ligases, modifies critical enzymes in lipid metabolism, enabling them to respond to specific signals. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive analysis of the role of E3 Ub ligases in lipid metabolism, which includes lipid synthesis and lipolysis, and their influence on cellular lipid homeostasis through the modulation of lipid uptake and efflux. Furthermore, it explores how the ubiquitination process governs the degradation or activation of pivotal enzymes, thereby regulating lipid metabolism at the transcriptional level. Perturbations in lipid metabolism have been implicated in various diseases, including hepatic lipid metabolism disorders, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. Therefore, this review focuses on the association between E3 Ub ligases and lipid metabolism in lipid-related diseases, highlighting enzymes critically involved in lipid synthesis and catabolism, transcriptional regulators, lipid uptake translocators, and transporters. Overall, this review aims to identify gaps in current knowledge, highlight areas requiring further research, offer potential targeted therapeutic approaches, and provide a comprehensive outlook on clinical conditions associated with lipid metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Song
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaobo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Danxi Geng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Jaso-Vera ME, Takaoka S, Patel I, Ruan X. Integrative regulation of hLMR1 by dietary and genetic factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia. Hum Genet 2024:10.1007/s00439-024-02654-5. [PMID: 38493444 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-024-02654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes represent a large class of transcripts that are widely expressed across species. As most human lncRNAs are non-conserved, we recently employed a unique humanized liver mouse model to study lncRNAs expressed in human livers. We identified a human hepatocyte-specific lncRNA, hLMR1 (human lncRNA metabolic regulator 1), which is induced by feeding and promotes hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) found that several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the hLMR1 gene locus are associated with blood lipids and markers of liver damage. These results suggest that dietary and genetic factors may regulate hLMR1 to affect disease progression. In this study, we first screened for nutritional/hormonal factors and found that hLMR1 was robustly induced by insulin/glucose in cultured human hepatocytes, and this induction is dependent on the transcription factor SREBP1. We then tested if GWAS SNPs genetically linked to hLMR1 could regulate hLMR1 expression. We found that DNA sequences flanking rs9653945, a SNP from the last exon of the hLMR1 gene, functions as an enhancer that can be robustly activated by SREBP1c depending on the presence of rs9653945 major allele (G). We further performed CRISPR base editing in human HepG2 cells and found that rs9653945 major (G) to minor (A) allele modification resulted in blunted insulin/glucose-induced expression of hLMR1. Finally, we performed genotyping and gene expression analyses using a published human NAFLD RNA-seq dataset and found that individuals homozygous for rs9653945-G have a higher expression of hLMR1 and risk of NAFLD. Taken together, our data support a model that rs9653945-G predisposes individuals to insulin/glucose-induced hLMR1, contributing to the development of hyperlipidemia and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos E Jaso-Vera
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital, 600 Fifth Street S., St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Shohei Takaoka
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital, 600 Fifth Street S., St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Ishika Patel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital, 600 Fifth Street S., St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Xiangbo Ruan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital, 600 Fifth Street S., St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA.
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19
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Vargas-Vázquez A, Fermín-Martínez CA, Antonio-Villa NE, Fernández-Chirino L, Ramírez-García D, Dávila-López G, Díaz-Sánchez JP, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Seiglie JA, Bello-Chavolla OY. Insulin resistance potentiates the effect of remnant cholesterol on cardiovascular mortality in individuals without diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2024:117508. [PMID: 38570208 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Remnant cholesterol (RC) and insulin resistance (IR) have been independently associated with cardiovascular risk. Here, we evaluated the role of IR and RC on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. METHODS We conducted an analysis of 16,113 individuals ≥20 years without diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III/IV). RC levels were calculated using total cholesterol, non-HDL-c, and LDL-c; IR was defined as HOMA2-IR≥2.5 and CVD mortality as a composite of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the relationship between HOMA2-IR and RC and Cox regression models to assess their joint role in CVD mortality. Causally ordered mediation models were used to explore the mediating role of IR in RC-associated CVD mortality. RESULTS We identified an association between higher HOMA2-IR and higher RC levels. The effect of IR on CVD mortality was predominant (HR 1.32, 95%CI 1.18-1.48) and decreased at older ages (HR 0.934, 95%CI 0.918-0.959) compared to RC (HR 0.983, 95%CI 0.952-1.014). Higher risk of CVD mortality was observed in individuals with IR but normal RC (HR 1.37, 95%CI 1.25-1.50) and subjects with IR and high RC (HR 1.24, 95%CI 1.13-1.37), but not in subjects without IR but high RC. In mediation models, HOMA2-IR accounted for 78.2% (95%CI 28.11-98.89) of the effect of RC levels on CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that RC potentiates the risk of CVD mortality through its effect on whole-body insulin sensitivity, particularly among younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsenio Vargas-Vázquez
- MD/PhD (PECEM) Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Fermín-Martínez
- MD/PhD (PECEM) Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico; Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico
| | | | | | - Daniel Ramírez-García
- Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Gael Dávila-López
- MD/PhD (PECEM) Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico; Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico
| | - Juan Pablo Díaz-Sánchez
- MD/PhD (PECEM) Program, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico; Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- División de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico
| | - Jacqueline A Seiglie
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Mexico; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mexico
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Carpentier AC. Tracers and Imaging of Fatty Acid and Energy Metabolism of Human Adipose Tissues. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:0. [PMID: 38113392 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00012.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) regulate fatty acid metabolism and control lipid fluxes to other organs. Dysfunction of these key metabolic processes contributes to organ insulin resistance and inflammation leading to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic tracers combined with molecular imaging methods are powerful tools for the investigation of these pathogenic mechanisms. Herein, I review some of the positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging methods combined with stable isotopic metabolic tracers to investigate fatty acid and energy metabolism, focusing on human WAT and BAT metabolism. I will discuss the complementary strengths offered by these methods for human investigations and current gaps in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- André C Carpentier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Oladimeji BM, Adebo OA. Antiobesity effect of healthy food crops and functional foods: A systematic review of their mechanisms. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1380-1398. [PMID: 38455221 PMCID: PMC10916587 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is a modifiable risk factor in the prevention and management of obesity, and various foods have the potential to aid in obesity management by modulating different pathways involved in the disease's pathology. We performed a systematic review of literature, using CINAHL, PubMed, and Google Scholar, focusing on the antiobesity potential of foods crops and functional food products, and their mechanisms of action and clinical evidence. Sixty-four articles were identified, of which 41 investigated food crops, while 23 investigated functional products. Food crops, such as cereals, vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, seaweeds, legumes, herbs, spices, and cocoa seeds, have antiobesity effects through mechanisms such as altering the metabolism of glucolipids by inhibiting enzymes like α-amylase and α-glucosidase, stimulating the bioenergetics of thermogenic fat, modulating gut microbiota, and inhibiting lipogenesis and storage. In addition, developed functional teas, beverages, and yoghurt have antiobesity effects through similar or different mechanisms, such as enhancing energy expenditure and satiety, suppressing adipogenesis and lipolysis, improving glucose and lipid metabolism, and altering hormonal secretion. This review reemphasized the significance of food in the control of obesity, and highlights the distinct methods these explored foods exert their antiobesity effects. In conclusion, foods are safe and effective means of combating obesity without the side effects of conventional drugs, which can help inform dietary choices, assist professionals in providing more accurate advice, and also lead to better understanding of food and its effect on overall health of the public. This approach will eradicate global diseases, especially if more underutilized and indigenous food crops are extensively researched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Mofoluwaso Oladimeji
- Food Innovation Research Group, Department of Biotechnology & Food Technology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Oluwafemi Ayodeji Adebo
- Food Innovation Research Group, Department of Biotechnology & Food Technology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
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22
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Wu K, Lin F. Lipid Metabolism as a Potential Target of Liver Cancer. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:327-346. [PMID: 38375401 PMCID: PMC10875169 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s450423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a severe malignant tumor with a profound impact on overall health, often accompanied by an unfavorable prognosis. Despite some advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, improving the prognosis of HCC remains a formidable challenge. It is noteworthy that lipid metabolism plays a pivotal role in the onset, development, and progression of tumor cells. Existing research indicates the potential application of targeting lipid metabolism in the treatment of HCC. This review aims to thoroughly explore the alterations in lipid metabolism in HCC, offering a detailed account of the potential advantages associated with innovative therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism. Targeting lipid metabolism holds promise for potentially enhancing the prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangze Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feizhuan Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Fu J, Liang Y, Yu D, Wang Y, Lu F, Liu S. Radix Saposhnikoviae enhancing Huangqi Chifeng Decoction improves lipid metabolism in AS mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117479. [PMID: 37992882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangqi Chifeng decoction (HQCF) combined with parsnips is a classic Chinese traditional medicine formula that has certain advantages in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At present, there is an absence of research on the regulatory effect and mechanism of this formula on atherosclerosis (AS). The synergistic effect of Radix Saposhnikoviae (RS) in HQCF is also unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to investigate the role of RS, which is designed as a guide drug for HQCF, in improving the lipid metabolism of AS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we studied the effect of HQCF on ApoE-/- mice before and after RS compatibility. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and oil red staining were used to evaluate atherosclerotic lesions and lipid accumulation in the aorta and liver, respectively. The expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and pAMPK in the aorta was measured by immunofluorescence, and AMPK and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1),fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in liver tissue were measured by Western blot analysis. Metabolomics was used to compare the changes in serum and liver metabolites of ApoE-/- mice before and after RS combination. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the serum lipid levels of ApoE-/- mice increased, the aortic intima thickened with plaque formation, and liver tissue pathological changes and lipid deposition occurred. Both (HQCFT without RS)HQCS and HQCF can improve the pathological condition of tissue and regulate the blood lipid level. It was noted that HQCF could promote the phosphorylation of AMPK to activate it, inhibit the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS, reduce lipid synthesis, and inhibit ACC to promote the oxidative decomposition of fatty acids. Serum and liver metabolome results showed that HQCS and HQCF treated AS mainly by regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. Importantly, HQCF showed better efficacy in regulating lipid metabolism than the HQCS group. CONCLUSION HQCF decoction reduces atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta and lipid accumulation in the liver, which may regulate lipid transport and metabolic function by activating the AMPK pathway. These effects can be attributed to the guidance and synergism of RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuqin Liang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Donghua Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shumin Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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24
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Yu D, Wan H, Tong C, Guang L, Chen G, Su J, Zhang L, Wang Y, Xiao Z, Zhai J, Yan L, Ma W, Liang K, Liu T, Wang Y, Peng Z, Luo L, Yu R, Li W, Qi H, Wang H, Shyh-Chang N. A multi-tissue metabolome atlas of primate pregnancy. Cell 2024; 187:764-781.e14. [PMID: 38306985 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Pregnancy induces dramatic metabolic changes in females; yet, the intricacies of this metabolic reprogramming remain poorly understood, especially in primates. Using cynomolgus monkeys, we constructed a comprehensive multi-tissue metabolome atlas, analyzing 273 samples from 23 maternal tissues during pregnancy. We discovered a decline in metabolic coupling between tissues as pregnancy progressed. Core metabolic pathways that were rewired during primate pregnancy included steroidogenesis, fatty acid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Our atlas revealed 91 pregnancy-adaptive metabolites changing consistently across 23 tissues, whose roles we verified in human cell models and patient samples. Corticosterone and palmitoyl-carnitine regulated placental maturation and maternal tissue progenitors, respectively, with implications for maternal preeclampsia, diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, and muscle and liver regeneration. Moreover, we found that corticosterone deficiency induced preeclampsia-like inflammation, indicating the atlas's potential clinical value. Overall, our multi-tissue metabolome atlas serves as a framework for elucidating the role of metabolic regulation in female health during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dainan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Haifeng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chao Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Guang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiali Su
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhenyu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinglei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Long Yan
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenwu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Taoyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuefan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zehang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lanfang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruoxuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China.
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Ng Shyh-Chang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.
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Yang S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yin L, Han X, Zhao X, Wang N, Xu L. LncRNA Gm28382 promotes lipogenesis by interacting with miR-326-3p to regulate ChREBP signaling pathway in NAFLD. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111444. [PMID: 38157698 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, their biological roles and function mechanisms in NAFLD remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that Gm28382 may be a potential pathogenic lncRNA of NAFLD and highly expressed in NAFLD through RNA-seq. Overexpression of Gm28382 significantly enhanced the lipid accumulation in AML12 cells, whereas Gm28382 silencing reduced lipogenesis both in palmitic acid (PA)-induced AML12 cells and high fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. Then, bioinformatics were employed to speculate the potential interacting genes of Gm28382, and found that Gm28382 may regulate ChREBP expression through binding with miR-326-3p. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), dual luciferase reporter assay, immunofluorescence RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to validate the binding and targeting relationship of these genes, and we confirmed that Gm28382 competitively binds to miR-326-3p to increase ChREBP expression as a ceRNA. Mechanistically, overexpression of Gm28382 upregulated the ChREBP-mediated lipid synthesis signaling pathway, but the function was sabotaged by miR-326-3p deletion or ChREBP overexpression. Furthermore, in PA-challenged AML12 cells or HFD-induced mice, silencing of Gm28382 reversed the aberrant ChREBP signaling pathway and lipid accumulation, whereas ChREBP overexpression or liver-specific silencing of miR-326-3p blocked this function of Gm28382. Collectively, these findings reveal a critical role of Gm28382 in the promotion of lipogenesis in NAFLD by regulating the ChREBP signaling pathway through interaction with miR-326-3p, which could serve as a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lianhong Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xu Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xuerong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lina Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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26
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Kudo M, Gao M, Hayashi M, Kobayashi Y, Yang J, Liu T. Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil. improves lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-fed obese rats and suppresses intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via the AMPK-dependent and insulin signaling pathways. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10307. [PMID: 38327997 PMCID: PMC10845893 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is closely associated with several chronic diseases, and adipose tissue plays a major role in modulating energy metabolism. Objective This study aimed to determine whether Mate, derived from I. paraguariensis A.St.-Hil., ameliorates lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Design 3T3-L1 adipocytes were cultured for 7 days, following which intracellular lipid accumulation and expression levels of lipid metabolism-related factors were examined. Dorsomorphin was used to investigate the potential pathways involved, particularly the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)- dependent pathway. Mate was administered to rat HFD-fed obese SD models for 8 consecutive weeks. The expression of lipid metabolism-related factors in the organs and tissues collected from dissected SD rats was evaluated. Results Mate suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, increased the protein and gene expression levels of AMPK, hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), calmodulin kinase kinase (CaMKK), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), protein kinase A (PKA), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ), insulin receptor b (IRβ), and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) (Tyr465), and decreased those of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1C (Srebp1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and IRS1 (Ser1101). Furthermore, an AMPK inhibitor abolished the effects exerted by Mate on intracellular lipid accumulation and HSL and FAS expression levels. Mate treatment suppressed body weight gain and improved serum cholesterol levels in HFD-fed obese SD rats. Treatment with Mate increased the protein and gene expression levels of AMPK, PKA, Erk1/Erk2 (p44/p42), and uncoupling protein 1 and reduced those of mammalian target of rapamycin, S6 kinase, Srebp1c, ap2, FAS, Il6, Adiponectin, Leptin, and Fabp4 in rat HFD-fed obese SD models. Discussion and conclusions Mate suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and improved lipid metabolism in the epididymal adipose tissue of HFD-fed obese SD rats via the activation of AMPK-dependent and insulin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kudo
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Bioscience, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Misa Hayashi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Jinwei Yang
- Tokiwa Phytochemical Co., Ltd., Sakura, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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27
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Zhang L, Lu Y, An J, Wu Y, Liu Z, Zou MH. AMPKα2 regulates fasting-induced hyperketonemia by suppressing SCOT ubiquitination and degradation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1713. [PMID: 38242911 PMCID: PMC10798978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Ketone bodies serve as an energy source, especially in the absence of carbohydrates or in the extended exercise. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial energy sensor that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism. However, whether AMPK regulates ketone metabolism in whole body is unclear even though AMPK regulates ketogenesis in liver. Prolonged resulted in a significant increase in blood and urine levels of ketone bodies in wild-type (WT) mice. Interestingly, fasting AMPKα2-/- and AMPKα1-/- mice exhibited significantly higher levels of ketone bodies in both blood and urine compared to fasting WT mice. BHB tolerance assays revealed that both AMPKα2-/- and AMPKα1-/- mice exhibited slower ketone consumption compared to WT mice, as indicated by higher blood BHB or urine BHB levels in the AMPKα2-/- and AMPKα1-/- mice even after the peak. Interestingly, fasting AMPKα2-/- and AMPKα1-/- mice exhibited significantly higher levels of ketone bodies in both blood and urine compared to fasting WT mice. . Specifically, AMPKα2ΔMusc mice showed approximately a twofold increase in blood BHB levels, and AMPKα2ΔMyo mice exhibited a 1.5-fold increase compared to their WT littermates after a 48-h fasting. However, blood BHB levels in AMPKα1ΔMusc and AMPKα1ΔMyo mice were as same as in WT mice. Notably, AMPKα2ΔMusc mice demonstrated a slower rate of BHB consumption in the BHB tolerance assay, whereas AMPKα1ΔMusc mice did not show such an effect. Declining rates of body weights and blood glucoses were similar among all the mice. Protein levels of SCOT, the rate-limiting enzyme of ketolysis, decreased in skeletal muscle of AMPKα2-/- mice. Moreover, SCOT protein ubiquitination increased in C2C12 cells either transfected with kinase-dead AMPKα2 or subjected to AMPKα2 inhibition. AMPKα2 physiologically binds and stabilizes SCOT, which is dependent on AMPKα2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxue Zhang
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street North East, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yanqiao Lu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street North East, Atlanta, USA
| | - Junqing An
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street North East, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yin Wu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street North East, Atlanta, USA
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street North East, Atlanta, USA.
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, 157 Decatur Street North East, Atlanta, USA
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Jaeckstein MY, Schulze I, Zajac MW, Heine M, Mann O, Pfeifer A, Heeren J. CD73-dependent generation of extracellular adenosine by vascular endothelial cells modulates de novo lipogenesis in adipose tissue. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1308456. [PMID: 38264660 PMCID: PMC10803534 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Next to white and brown adipocytes present in white and brown adipose tissue (WAT, BAT), vascular endothelial cells, tissue-resident macrophages and other immune cells have important roles in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis but also contribute to the etiology of obesity-associated chronic inflammatory metabolic diseases. In addition to hormonal signals such as insulin and norepinephrine, extracellular adenine nucleotides modulate lipid storage, fatty acid release and thermogenic responses in adipose tissues. The complex regulation of extracellular adenine nucleotides involves a network of ectoenzymes that convert ATP via ADP and AMP to adenosine. However, in WAT and BAT the processing of extracellular adenine nucleotides and its relevance for intercellular communications are still largely unknown. Based on our observations that in adipose tissues the adenosine-generating enzyme CD73 is mainly expressed by vascular endothelial cells, we studied glucose and lipid handling, energy expenditure and adaptive thermogenesis in mice lacking endothelial CD73 housed at different ambient temperatures. Under conditions of thermogenic activation, CD73 expressed by endothelial cells is dispensable for the expression of thermogenic genes as well as energy expenditure. Notably, thermoneutral housing leading to a state of low energy expenditure and lipid accumulation in adipose tissues resulted in enhanced glucose uptake into WAT of endothelial CD73-deficient mice. This effect was associated with elevated expression levels of de novo lipogenesis genes. Mechanistic studies provide evidence that extracellular adenosine is imported into adipocytes and converted to AMP by adenosine kinase. Subsequently, activation of the AMP kinase lowers the expression of de novo lipogenesis genes, most likely via inactivation of the transcription factor carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that endothelial-derived extracellular adenosine generated via the ectoenzyme CD73 is a paracrine factor shaping lipid metabolism in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y. Jaeckstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabell Schulze
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wolfgang Zajac
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Mann
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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29
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Lu J, Dong L, Montgomery MK. The GR-KLF15 axis promotes suppression of hepatic lipogenesis during fasting. FEBS J 2024; 291:256-258. [PMID: 37853932 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fasting leads to many physiological changes in peripheral tissues, including the liver, where suppression of de novo lipogenesis through inhibition of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) expression and/or activity is a key adaptation to preserve glucose for maintenance of blood glucose levels. Yoshinori Takeuchi and colleagues provide novel mechanistic insights into the regulation of SREBP-1 expression during fasting and highlight the importance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and, particularly, glucocorticoid-induced binding of the glucocorticoid receptor to enhancer regions of the KLF15 (Kruppel-like factor 15) gene as a novel mechanism underlying the suppression of SREBP-1 during fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Magdalene K Montgomery
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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30
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Yang Z, Danzeng A, Liu Q, Zeng C, Xu L, Mo J, Pingcuo C, Wang X, Wang C, Zhang B, Zhang B. The Role of Nuclear Receptors in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:113-126. [PMID: 38164174 PMCID: PMC10750283 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health burden closely linked to insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. The complex pathophysiology of NAFLD involves multiple cellular pathways and molecular factors. Nuclear receptors (NRs) have emerged as crucial regulators of lipid metabolism and inflammation in NAFLD, offering potential therapeutic targets for NAFLD. Targeting PPARs and FXRs has shown promise in ameliorating NAFLD symptoms and halting disease progression. However, further investigation is needed to address side effects and personalize therapy approaches. This review summarizes the current understanding of the involvement of NRs in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and explores their therapeutic potential. We discuss the role of several NRs in modulating lipid homeostasis in the liver, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), liver X receptors (LXRs), farnesoid X receptors (FXRs), REV-ERB, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR).The expanding knowledge of NRs in NAFLD offers new avenues for targeted therapies, necessitating exploration of novel treatment strategies and optimization of existing approaches to combat this increasingly prevalent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Awang Danzeng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiumeng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chenglong Zeng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jie Mo
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ciren Pingcuo
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department and Institute of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonostic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Binhao Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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31
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Biondi B. Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 16:87. [PMID: 38201918 PMCID: PMC10780356 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The literature on the connection between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and subclinical hypothyroidism is critically analyzed in this narrative review. These conditions are frequently observed among adult populations and various studies and meta-analyses have assessed their association. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in obese individuals is higher than in non-obese subjects and this trend is more pronounced in unhealthy obesity phenotypes. However, the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism can be difficult in obese patients. Exaggerated body fat is linked to thyroid hypoechogenicity as evident through ultrasonography and euthyroid obese people have greater TSH, FT3, and FT3/FT4 ratios than non-obese individuals in a euthyroid condition. Moreover, a reduced expression of the TSH receptor and altered function of deiodinases has been found in the adipose tissue of obese patients. Current data do not support the necessity of a pharmacological correction of the isolated hyperthyrotropinemia in euthyroid obese patients because treatment with thyroid hormone does not significantly improve weight loss and the increase in serum TSH can be reversible after hypocaloric diet or bariatric surgery. On the other hand, obesity is linked to elevated leptin levels. Inflammation can raise the risk of Hashimoto thyroiditis, which increases the likelihood that obese patients will experience overt or subclinical hypothyroidism. Both metabolic syndrome and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with atherosclerosis, liver and kidney disease. Hence, the association of these two illnesses may potentiate the adverse effects noted in each of them. Subclinical hypothyroidism should be identified in patients with obesity and treated with appropriate doses of L-thyroxine according to the lean body mass and body weight. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to verify whether treatment of thyroid deficiency could counteract the expected risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Biondi
- Division of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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32
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Wu SQ, Zhu X, Yuan T, Yuan FY, Zhou S, Huang D, Wang Y, Tang GH, Huang ZS, Chen X, Yin S. Discovery of Ingenane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia hylonoma as Antiadipogenic Agents. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2691-2702. [PMID: 37974450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen new Euphorbia diterpenoids, euphylonanes A-M (1-13), and eight known ones were isolated from the whole plants of Euphorbia hylonoma. Compounds 1 and 2 are two rearranged ingenanes bearing a rare 6/6/7/3-fused ring system. Compound 3 represents the first example of a 9,10-epoxy tigliane, while 4-21 are typical ingenanes varying with substituents. Structures were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic, computational, and chemical methods. Most ingenanes exerted a significant antiadipogenic effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, among which 4 was the most active with an EC50 value of 0.60 ± 0.27 μM. Mechanistic study revealed that 4 inhibited the adipogenesis and lipogenesis in adipocytes via activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yuan
- School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Yu Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyou Zhou
- Guangdong Vision and Eye Institute, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Hua Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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33
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Liu SH, Wu WH, Tzeng HP, Chiang W, Chiang MT. Dehulled Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L.) ameliorates hepatic gluconeogenesis and steatosis in streptozotocin/high-fat diet-induced diabetic rats. J Food Drug Anal 2023; 31:683-695. [PMID: 38526822 PMCID: PMC10962669 DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L.) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. We investigated the anti-diabetic effects of different parts of adlay seeds, including polished adlay (PA), adlay bran (AB) and dehulled adlay (DA) in a streptozotocin (STZ)/high fat diet (HFD) diabetic rat model (DM). DM rats supplemented with or without PA (43%), AB (3%), or DA (46%) diet for 8 weeks. The plasma glucose and insulin levels and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were increased in DM group; among the three adlay diets, DA has the best effects attenuating all of these alterations in DM rats. Both AB and DA alleviated diabetes-impaired glucose tolerance. The increased hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase protein expression in DM group was improved by all of the three adlay diets. The increased ratio of glucose-6-phosphatase to glucokinase in DM group was suppressed by DA supplementation, further suggesting DA diet is most effective among the three diets. Both AB and DA diets had beneficial effects against hepatic steatosis, with better effects observed in DA group. These results suggest that the DA diet, composed of both polished adlay and adlay bran, possesses the best potential to improve glucose homeostasis, at least in part, by alleviating hepatic glucose metabolism and steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei,
Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei,
Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung,
Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsin Wu
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung,
Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ping Tzeng
- Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei,
Taiwan
| | - Wenchang Chiang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei,
Taiwan
| | - Meng-Tsan Chiang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung,
Taiwan
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34
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Fernández-Pérez L, Guerra B, Recio C, Cabrera-Galván JJ, García I, De La Rosa JV, Castrillo A, Iglesias-Gato D, Díaz M. Transcriptomic and lipid profiling analysis reveals a functional interplay between testosterone and growth hormone in hypothyroid liver. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1266150. [PMID: 38144555 PMCID: PMC10748415 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1266150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that hypothyroidism might cause hepatic endocrine and metabolic disturbances with features that mimic deficiencies of testosterone and/or GH. The absence of physiological interactions between testosterone and GH can be linked to male differentiated liver diseases. Testosterone plays relevant physiological effects on somatotropic-liver axis and liver composition and the liver is a primary organ of interactions between testosterone and GH. However, testosterone exerts many effects on liver through complex and poorly understood mechanisms. Testosterone impacts liver functions by binding to the Androgen Receptor, and, indirectly, through its conversion to estradiol, and cooperation with GH. However, the role of testosterone, and its interaction with GH, in the hypothyroid liver, remains unclear. In the present work, the effects of testosterone, and how they impact on GH-regulated whole transcriptome and lipid composition in the liver, were studied in the context of adult hypothyroid-orchiectomized rats. Testosterone replacement positively modulated somatotropic-liver axis and impacted liver transcriptome involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. In addition, testosterone enhanced the effects of GH on the transcriptome linked to lipid biosynthesis, oxidation-reduction, and metabolism of unsaturated and long-chain fatty acids (FA). However, testosterone decreased the hepatic content of cholesterol esters and triacylglycerols and increased fatty acids whereas GH increased neutral lipids and decreased polar lipids. Biological network analysis of the effects of testosterone on GH-regulated transcriptome confirmed a close connection with crucial proteins involved in steroid and fatty acid metabolism. Taken together, this comprehensive analysis of gene expression and lipid profiling in hypothyroid male liver reveals a functional interplay between testosterone and pulsed GH administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Fernández-Pérez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina del Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) Asociada al Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Borja Guerra
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina del Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) Asociada al Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carlota Recio
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan José Cabrera-Galván
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Irma García
- Departmento de Física Básica, Grupo de Fisiología y Biofísica de Membranas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Juan Vladimir De La Rosa
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina del Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) Asociada al Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Iglesias-Gato
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mario Díaz
- Departmento de Física Básica, Grupo de Fisiología y Biofísica de Membranas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
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35
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Gong Y, Lu Q, Xi L, Liu Y, Yang B, Su J, Liu H, Jin J, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Zhu X, Xie S, Han D. F6P/G6P-mediated ChREBP activation promotes the insulin resistance-driven hepatic lipid deposition in zebrafish. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 122:109452. [PMID: 37748621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-sensitive lipogenesis dominates the body lipid deposition; however, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) develops in the insulin-resistant state. The regulation mechanism of insulin resistance-driven NAFLD remains elusive. Using zebrafish model of insulin resistance (ZIR, insrb-/-) and mouse hepatocytes (NCTC 1469), we explored the regulation mechanism of insulin resistance-driven hepatic lipid deposition under the stimulation of carbohydrate diet (CHD). In ZIR model, insulin resistance induced hyperlipidemia and elevated hepatic lipid deposition via elevating the gene/protein expressions of lipogenic enzymes, that was activated by carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), rather than sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP-1c). The metabolomic analysis in zebrafish and silencing of chrebp in mouse hepatocytes revealed that the increased hepatic frucotose-6-phosphate (F6P) and glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) promoted the ChREBP-mediated lipid deposition. We further identified that F6P alone was sufficient to activate ChREBP-mediated lipid deposition by a SREBP-1c-independent manner. Moreover, we clarified the suppressed hepatic phosphofructokinase/glucose-6-phosphatase functions and the normal glucokinase function preserved by glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) manipulated the increased F6P/G6P content in ZIR. In conclusion, the present study revealed that insulin resistance promoted hepatic lipid deposition via the F6P/G6P-mediated ChREBP activation. Our findings deciphered the main regulation pathway for the liver lipid deposition in the insulin-resistant state and identified F6P as a new potential regulator for ChREBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qisheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longwei Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jingzhi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shouqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
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Lin L, Li X, Wu AJ, Xiu JB, Gan YZ, Yang XM, Ai ZH. TRPV4 enhances the synthesis of fatty acids to drive the progression of ovarian cancer through the calcium-mTORC1/SREBP1 signaling pathway. iScience 2023; 26:108226. [PMID: 37953947 PMCID: PMC10637939 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a nonselective cation channel activated by various stimuli, such as heat. A recent study reported that high expression of TRPV4 predicted a poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. This study demonstrated that TRPV4 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer and had the ability to promote proliferation and migration. Through RNA-seq and related experiments, we confirmed that the oncogenic pathway of TRPV4 in ovarian cancer may be related to the fatty acid synthesis. By correlation analysis and RNA-seq, we demonstrated that SREBP1 and mTORC1 were inseparably related to that. Therefore, we used inhibitors to perform experiments. Calcium fluorescent probe experiments suggest that the change of calcium content in ovarian cancer cells was related to the downstream mTORC1 signaling pathway and fatty acid synthesis. These results confirmed that TRPV4 affected the fatty acid synthesis through the calcium-mTOR/SREBP1 signaling pathway, thereby promoting ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ai-Jia Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jia-bin Xiu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yu-Zheng Gan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiao-mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Ai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
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Al Jadani JM, Albadr NA, Alshammari GM, Almasri SA, Alfayez FF, Yahya MA. Esculeogenin A, a Glycan from Tomato, Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats through Hypolipidemic, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. Nutrients 2023; 15:4755. [PMID: 38004149 PMCID: PMC10675668 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the preventative effects of esculeogenin A (ESGA), a newly discovered glycan from tomato, on liver damage and hepatic steatosis in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed male rats. The animals were divided into six groups (each of eight rats): a control group fed a normal diet, control + ESGA (200 mg/kg), HFD, and HFD + ESAG in 3 doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg). Feeding and treatments were conducted for 12 weeks. Treatment with ESGA did not affect gains in the body or fat weight nor increases in fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR or serum levels of free fatty acids (FFAs), tumor-necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6). On the contrary, it significantly reduced the serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (CHOL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in the HFD-fed rats. In addition, it improved the liver structure, attenuating the increase in fat vacuoles; reduced levels of TGs and CHOL, and the mRNA levels of SREBP1 and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC); and upregulated the mRNA levels of proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) in HFD-fed rats. These effects were concomitant with increases in the mRNA, cytoplasmic, and nuclear levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO); a reduction in the nuclear activity of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB); and inhibition of the activity of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta (IKKβ). All of these effects were dose-dependent effects in which a normal liver structure and normal levels of all measured parameters were seen in HFD + ESGA (200 mg/kg)-treated rats. In conclusion, ESGA prevents NAFLD in HFD-fed rats by attenuating hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation by acting locally on Nrf2, NF-κB, SREBP1, and PPARα transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jwharah M. Al Jadani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (J.M.A.J.); (G.M.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Nawal A. Albadr
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (J.M.A.J.); (G.M.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (J.M.A.J.); (G.M.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Soheir A. Almasri
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (J.M.A.J.); (G.M.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Farah Fayez Alfayez
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (J.M.A.J.); (G.M.A.); (S.A.A.); (M.A.Y.)
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Nikolaou KC, Godbersen S, Manoharan M, Wieland S, Heim MH, Stoffel M. Inflammation-induced TRIM21 represses hepatic steatosis by promoting the ubiquitination of lipogenic regulators. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164694. [PMID: 37937648 PMCID: PMC10721265 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause for chronic liver diseases. Current therapeutic options are limited due to an incomplete mechanistic understanding of how steatosis transitions to NASH. Here we show that the TRIM21 E3 ubiquitin ligase is induced by the synergistic actions of proinflammatory TNF-α and fatty acids in livers of humans and mice with NASH. TRIM21 ubiquitinates and degrades ChREBP, SREBP1, ACC1, and FASN, key regulators of de novo lipogenesis, and A1CF, an alternative splicing regulator of the high-activity ketohexokinase-C (KHK-C) isoform and rate-limiting enzyme of fructose metabolism. TRIM21-mediated degradation of these lipogenic activators improved steatosis and hyperglycemia as well as fructose and glucose tolerance. Our study identifies TRIM21 as a negative regulator of liver steatosis in NASH and provides mechanistic insights into an immunometabolic crosstalk that limits fatty acid synthesis and fructose metabolism during metabolic stress. Thus, enhancing this natural counteracting force of steatosis through inhibition of key lipogenic activators via TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination may provide a therapeutic opportunity to treat NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svenja Godbersen
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Wieland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus H. Heim
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clarunis, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Stoffel
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Álvarez D, Ortiz M, Valdebenito G, Crisosto N, Echiburú B, Valenzuela R, Espinosa A, Maliqueo M. Effects of a High-Fat Diet and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Pregnancy on Fatty Acid Composition in the Fetal Livers of Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:4696. [PMID: 37960348 PMCID: PMC10649644 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy promotes fat accumulation and reduces docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in the liver of the offspring at postnatal ages, which can depend on fetal sex. However, the prenatal mechanisms behind these associations are still unclear. Thus, we analyzed if an HFD alters DHA content and the expression of molecules related to fatty acid (FA) metabolism in the fetal liver. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet or HFD for 4-6 weeks before pregnancy until the gestational day (GD) 17.5. A subgroup of each diet received DHA (100 mg/Kg) orally from GD 6.5 until 16.5. On GD 17.5, maternal livers, placentas, and livers from male and female fetuses were collected for FA profiling with gas-chromatography and gene expression of molecules related to FA metabolism using qPCR. PPAR-α protein expression was evaluated using Western blot. The gene expression of placental FA transporters was also assessed. An HFD increased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and decreased DHA levels and protein expression of PPAR-α in the fetal livers of both sexes. DHA increased the gene expression of Ppara, Cpt1, and Acsl1 in the livers of female fetuses. Therefore, an HFD reduces DHA levels and PPAR-α, a master regulator of gene expression, in the fetal liver. In turn, the livers of female fetuses seem to be more sensitive to DHA action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Álvarez
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8350499, Chile; (D.Á.); (M.O.); (G.V.); (N.C.); (B.E.)
| | - Macarena Ortiz
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8350499, Chile; (D.Á.); (M.O.); (G.V.); (N.C.); (B.E.)
| | - Gabriel Valdebenito
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8350499, Chile; (D.Á.); (M.O.); (G.V.); (N.C.); (B.E.)
| | - Nicolás Crisosto
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8350499, Chile; (D.Á.); (M.O.); (G.V.); (N.C.); (B.E.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Bárbara Echiburú
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8350499, Chile; (D.Á.); (M.O.); (G.V.); (N.C.); (B.E.)
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, School of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Alejandra Espinosa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Manuel Maliqueo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine West Division, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8350499, Chile; (D.Á.); (M.O.); (G.V.); (N.C.); (B.E.)
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40
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Zhang C, Sui Y, Liu S, Yang M. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. EXPLORATION OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES 2023:246-275. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.37349/edd.2023.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide, with a progressive form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It may progress to advanced liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD/NASH is a comorbidity of many metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. These metabolic diseases are often accompanied by systemic or extrahepatic inflammation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD or NASH. Metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, impact the function, inflammation, and death of hepatocytes, the primary parenchymal cells in the liver tissue. Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts, can differentiate into proliferative hepatocytes in chronic liver injury. In addition, hepatic non-parenchymal cells, including liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and innate and adaptive immune cells, are involved in liver inflammation. Proteins such as fibroblast growth factors, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylases, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 are involved in liver metabolism and inflammation, which are potential targets for NASH treatment. This review focuses on the effects of metabolic disease-induced extrahepatic inflammation, liver inflammation, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver metabolism on the development and progression of NAFLD and NASH, as well as the associated treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yuxiang Sui
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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41
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Agarwal H, Wang Y, Ozcan L. Rap1 Activation Protects Against Fatty Liver and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.24.563728. [PMID: 37961406 PMCID: PMC10634782 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.563728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that hepatic activation of a small G protein of the Ras family, Rap1a, is suppressed in obesity, which results in increased hepatic glucose production and glucose intolerance in obese mice. Here, we show that Rap1a inhibition in obese mice liver also results in fatty liver formation, which is characteristic of the diabetic liver. Specifically, we report that Rap1a activity is decreased in the livers of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and mouse models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NASH. Restoring hepatic Rap1a activity by overexpressing a constitutively active mutant form of Rap1a lowered the mature, processed form of lipogenic transcription factor, Srebp1, without an effect on the unprocessed Srebp1 and suppressed hepatic TG accumulation, whereas liver Rap1a deficiency increased Srebp1 processing and exacerbated steatosis. Mechanistically, we show that mTORC1, which promotes Srebp1 cleavage, is hyperactivated upon Rap1a deficiency despite disturbed insulin signaling. In proof-of-principle studies, we found that treatment of obese mice with a small molecule activator of Rap1a (8-pCPT) or inhibiting Rap1a's endogenous inhibitor, Rap1Gap, recapitulated our hepatic gain-of-function model and resulted in improved hepatic steatosis and lowered lipogenic genes. Thus, hepatic Rap1a serves as a signaling molecule that suppresses both hepatic gluconeogenesis and steatosis, and inhibition of its activity in the liver contributes to the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and NAFLD/NASH development.
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Ho TC, Wan HT, Lee WK, Lam TKY, Lin X, Chan TF, Lai KP, Wong CKC. Effects of In Utero PFOS Exposure on Epigenetics and Metabolism in Mouse Fetal Livers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14892-14903. [PMID: 37759171 PMCID: PMC10569047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) increases fetus' metabolic risk; however, the investigation of the underlying mechanism is limited. In this study, pregnant mice in the gestational days (GD, 4.5-17.5) were exposed to PFOS (0.3 and 3 μg/g of body weight). At GD 17.5, PFOS perturbed maternal lipid metabolism and upregulated metabolism-regulating hepatokines (Angptl4, Angptl8, and Selenop). Mass-spectrometry imaging and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing revealed, respectively, selective PFOS localization and deregulation of gene methylation in fetal livers, involved in inflammation, glucose, and fatty acid metabolism. PCR and Western blot analysis of lipid-laden fetal livers showed activation of AMPK signaling, accompanied by significant increases in the expression of glucose transporters (Glut2/4), hexose-phosphate sensors (Retsat and ChREBP), and the key glycolytic enzyme, pyruvate kinase (Pk) for glucose catabolism. Additionally, PFOS modulated the expression levels of PPARα and PPARγ downstream target genes, which simultaneously stimulated fatty acid oxidation (Cyp4a14, Acot, and Acox) and lipogenesis (Srebp1c, Acaca, and Fasn). Using human normal hepatocyte (MIHA) cells, the underlying mechanism of PFOS-elicited nuclear translocation of ChREBP, associated with a fatty acid synthesizing pathway, was revealed. Our finding implies that in utero PFOS exposure altered the epigenetic landscape associated with dysregulation of fetal liver metabolism, predisposing postnatal susceptibility to metabolic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Chun Ho
- Croucher
Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State
Key Laboratory in Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hin Ting Wan
- Croucher
Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wang Ka Lee
- Croucher
Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Thomas Ka Yam Lam
- State
Key Laboratory in Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department
of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine
at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School
of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Bioinformatics
Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Key
Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Education
Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Chris Kong Chu Wong
- Croucher
Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State
Key Laboratory in Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Yu A, Yu P, Zhu Y, Zhu R, Sun R, Ye D, Yu FX. Glucose-induced and ChREBP: MLX-mediated lipogenic program promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development. Oncogene 2023; 42:3182-3193. [PMID: 37684408 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The Carbohydrate Response Element (ChoRE) Binding Protein (ChREBP) and its binding partner Max-like protein X (MLX) mediate transcription of lipogenic genes under glucose-rich conditions. Dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism frequently occurs in cancers, including Hepatocellular Carcinomas (HCCs). However, it is currently unclear whether the glucose-induced lipogenic program plays a role in the development of HCCs. Here, we show that MLX expression is elevated in HCC specimens and downregulation of MLX expression inhibits proliferation of HCC cells. In mice, liver-specific knockout of Mlx results in dramatic decrease in the expression of lipogenic genes and lipid levels in circulation. Interestingly, in the absence of Mlx, the development of tumors in multiple HCC models, such as diethylnitrosamine (DEN) treatment and hydrodynamic injection of oncogenes (AKT/RAS or CTNNB1/RAS), is robustly blocked. However, a high-fat diet can partially restore tumorigenesis in Mlx-deficient livers, indicating a critical role of lipid synthesis in HCC development. In addition, liver-specific expression of a dominant negative MLX (dnMLX) via adeno-associated virus effectively blocks tumorigenesis in mice. Thus, the glucose-induced lipogenic program is required in the development of HCC, and the ChREBP: MLX transcription factors serve as a potential target for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijuan Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuwen Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Renqiang Sun
- Huashan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Huashan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fa-Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Li M, Wu X, Shi J, Niu Y. Endothelium dysfunction and thrombosis in COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes. Endocrine 2023; 82:15-27. [PMID: 37392341 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 can directly or indirectly damage endothelial cells. Endothelial injury, especially phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the outer membrane of cells, can more easily promote thrombosis. Type 2 diabetes(T2D) patients were more susceptible to COVID-19, they had more severe symptoms, higher risk of thrombotic complications, and longer duration of post-COVID-19 sequelae. This review provided a detailed overview of the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in T2D patients with COVID-19 (including long COVID), which may be influenced by hyperglycemia, hypoxia, and pro-inflammatory environments. The mechanisms of thrombosis in T2D patients with COVID-19 are also explored, particularly the effects of increased numbers of PS-exposing particles, blood cells, and endothelial cells on hypercoagulability. Given the high risk of thrombosis in T2D patients with COVID-19, early antithrombotic therapy can both minimize the impact of the disease on patients and maximize the chances of improvement, thereby alleviating patient suffering. We provided detailed guidance on antithrombotic drugs and dosages for mild, moderate, and severe patients, emphasizing that the optimal timing of thromboprophylaxis is a critical factor in influencing prognosis. Considering the potential interactions between antidiabetic, anticoagulant, and antiviral drugs, we proposed practical and comprehensive management recommendations to supplement the incomplete efficacy of vaccines in the diabetic population, reduce the incidence of post-COVID-19 sequelae, and improve patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Li
- Department of Endodontics, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialan Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yumei Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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45
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Zhang Z, Liao Q, Pan T, Yu L, Luo Z, Su S, Liu S, Hou M, Li Y, Damba T, Liang Y, Zhou L. BATF relieves hepatic steatosis by inhibiting PD1 and promoting energy metabolism. eLife 2023; 12:RP88521. [PMID: 37712938 PMCID: PMC10503959 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global health threat that needs to be addressed urgently. Basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor (BATF) is commonly thought to be involved in immunity, but its effect on lipid metabolism is not clear. Here, we investigated the function of BATF in hepatic lipid metabolism. BATF alleviated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis and inhibited elevated programmed cell death protein (PD)1 expression induced by HFD. A mechanistic study confirmed that BATF regulated fat accumulation by inhibiting PD1 expression and promoting energy metabolism. PD1 antibodies alleviated hepatic lipid deposition. In conclusion, we identified the regulatory role of BATF in hepatic lipid metabolism and that PD1 is a target for alleviation of NAFLD. This study provides new insights into the relationship between BATF, PD1, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Qichao Liao
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Tingli Pan
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Lin Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Zupeng Luo
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Songtao Su
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Shi Liu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Menglong Hou
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Yixing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi UniversityNanningChina
| | - Turtushikh Damba
- School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical SciencesUlan BatorMongolia
| | - Yunxiao Liang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningChina
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46
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Johnson S, Bao H, McMahon C, Chen Y, Burr S, Anderson A, Madeyski-Bengtson K, Lindén D, Han X, Liu J. Substrate-Specific Function of PNPLA3 Facilitates Hepatic VLDL-Triglyceride Secretion During Stimulated Lipogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.30.553213. [PMID: 37693552 PMCID: PMC10491159 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.553213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The I148M variant of PNPLA3 is strongly linked to hepatic steatosis. Evidence suggests a gain-of-function role for the I148M mutant as an ATGL inhibitor, leaving the physiological relevance of wild-type PNPLA3 undefined. Here we show that PNPLA3 selectively degrades triglycerides (TGs) enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) independently of ATGL in cultured cells and mice. Lipidomics and metabolite tracing analyses demonstrated that PNPLA3 mobilizes PUFAs from intracellular TGs for phospholipid desaturation, supporting hepatic secretion of TG-rich lipoproteins. Consequently, mice with liver-specific knockout or acute knockdown of PNPLA3 both exhibited aggravated liver steatosis and concomitant decreases in plasma VLDL-TG, phenotypes that manifest only under lipogenic conditions. I148M-knockin mice similarly displayed impaired hepatic TG secretion during lipogenic stimulation. Our results highlight a specific context whereby PNPLA3 facilitates the balance between hepatic TG storage and secretion and suggest the potential contributions of I148M variant loss-of-function to the development of hepatic steatosis in humans. Summary Statement We define the physiological role of wild type PNPLA3 in maintaining hepatic VLDL-TG secretion.
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Marino L, Kim A, Ni B, Celi FS. Thyroid hormone action and liver disease, a complex interplay. Hepatology 2023:01515467-990000000-00521. [PMID: 37535802 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone action is involved in virtually all physiological processes. It is well known that the liver and thyroid are intimately linked, with thyroid hormone playing important roles in de novo lipogenesis, beta-oxidation (fatty acid oxidation), cholesterol metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. Clinical and mechanistic research studies have shown that thyroid hormone can be involved in chronic liver diseases, including alcohol-associated or NAFLD and HCC. Thyroid hormone action and synthetic thyroid hormone analogs can exert beneficial actions in terms of lowering lipids, preventing chronic liver disease and as liver anticancer agents. More recently, preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that some analogs of thyroid hormone could also play a role in the treatment of liver disease. These synthetic molecules, thyromimetics, can modulate lipid metabolism, particularly in NAFLD/NASH. In this review, we first summarize the thyroid hormone signaling axis in the context of liver biology, then we describe the changes in thyroid hormone signaling in liver disease and how liver diseases affect the thyroid hormone homeostasis, and finally we discuss the use of thyroid hormone-analog for the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Marino
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Adam Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bin Ni
- Alliance Pharma, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francesco S Celi
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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48
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Zhu Y, Lei L, Wang X, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Kong F, Chen L, Li J, Zhao C, Liu M, Liu G, Li X. Low abundance of insulin-induced gene 1 contributes to SREBP-1c processing and hepatic steatosis in dairy cows with severe fatty liver. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:5626-5635. [PMID: 37291038 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver is a major metabolic disorder of high-producing dairy cows during the transition period. In nonruminants, it is well established that insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1) plays a crucial role in regulating hepatic lipogenesis by controlling the anchoring of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) on the endoplasmic reticulum along with SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP). Whether the INSIG1-SCAP-SREBP-1c transport axis is affected in cows experiencing fatty liver is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of INSIG1-SCAP-SREBP-1c axis in the progression of fatty liver in dairy cows. For in vivo experiments, 24 dairy cows at the start of their fourth lactation (median; range 3-5) and 8 d in milk (median; range 4-12 d) were selected into a healthy group [n = 12; triglyceride (TG) content <1%] and a severe fatty liver group (n = 12; TG content >10%) according to their hepatic TG content. Blood samples were collected for detecting serum concentrations of free fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, and glucose. Compared with healthy cows, cows with severe fatty liver had higher serum concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acids and lower concentration of glucose. Liver biopsies were used to detect the status of INSIG1-SCAP-SREBP-1c axis, and the mRNA expression of SREBP-1c-target lipogenic genes acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1). Cows with severe fatty liver had lower protein expression of INSIG1 in the hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum fraction, greater protein expression of SCAP and precursor SREBP-1c in the hepatocyte Golgi fraction, and greater protein expression of mature SREBP-1c in the hepatocyte nuclear fraction. In addition, the mRNA expression of SREBP-1c-target lipogenic genes ACACA, FASN, and DGAT1 was greater in the liver of dairy cows with severe fatty liver. In vitro experiments were conducted on hepatocytes isolated from 5 healthy 1-d-old female Holstein calves, and hepatocytes from each calf were run independently. First, hepatocytes were treated with 0, 200, or 400 μM palmitic acid (PA) for 12 h. Exogenous PA treatment decreased INSIG1 protein abundance, enhanced the endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi export of SCAP-precursor SREBP-1c complex and the nuclear translocation of mature SREBP-1c, all of which was associated with increased transcriptional activation of lipogenic genes and TG synthesis. Second, hepatocytes were transfected with INSIG1-overexpressing adenovirus for 48 h and treated with 400 μM PA 12 h before the end of transfection. Overexpressing INSIG1 inhibited PA-induced SREBP-1c processing, upregulation of lipogenic genes, and TG synthesis in hepatocytes. Overall, the present in vivo and in vitro results indicated that the low abundance of INSIG1 contributed to SREBP-1c processing and hepatic steatosis in dairy cows. Thus, the INSIG1-SCAP-SREBP-1c axis may be a novel target for treatment of fatty liver in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Fanrong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Linfang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jinxia Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Menglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Sheng Y, Chen B, Liu L, Li S, Huang S, Cheng S, Li Z, Ping Y, Gong Z, Dong J. Long noncoding RNA HOXC-AS3 remodels lipid metabolism and promotes the proliferation of transformed macrophages in the glioma stem cell microenvironment by regulating the hnRNPA1/CaM axis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19034. [PMID: 37609424 PMCID: PMC10440527 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism remodelling of macrophages in the glioblastoma microenvironment contributes to immunotherapeutic resistance. However, glioma stem cell (GSC)-initiated lipid metabolism remodelling of transformed macrophages (tMΦs) and its effect on the glioblastoma microenvironment have not been fully elucidated. Total cholesterol (TC) levels and lipid metabolism enzyme expression in macrophages in the GSC microenvironment were evaluated and found that the TC levels of tMΦs were increased, and the expression of the lipid metabolism enzymes calmodulin (CaM), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and liver X receptor (LXR) was upregulated. Knockdown of HOXC-AS3 led to a decrease in the proliferation, colony formation, invasiveness, and tumorigenicity of tMΦs. Downregulation of CaM resulted in a decline in TC levels. HOXC-AS3 overexpression led to increases in both CaM expression levels and TC levels in tMΦs. RNA pull down and mass spectrometry experiments were conducted and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) was screened as the HOXC-AS3 binding proteins related to lipid metabolism. RIP and RNA pull down assays verified that HOXC-AS3 can form a complex with hnRNPA1. Knockdown of hnRNPA1 downregulated CaM expression; however, downregulation of HOXC-AS3 did not affect hnRNPA1 expression.TMΦs underwent lipid metabolism remodelling induced by GSC via the HOXC-AS3/hnRNPA1/CaM pathway, which enhanced the protumor activities of tMΦs, and may serve as a potential metabolic intervening target to improve glioblastoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Baomin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suwen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shilu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifang Ping
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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50
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Chowdhury MAR, An J, Jeong S. The Pleiotropic Face of CREB Family Transcription Factors. Mol Cells 2023; 46:399-413. [PMID: 37013623 PMCID: PMC10336275 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is one of the most intensively studied phosphorylation-dependent transcription factors that provide evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of differential gene expression in vertebrates and invertebrates. Many cellular protein kinases that function downstream of distinct cell surface receptors are responsible for the activation of CREB. Upon functional dimerization of the activated CREB to cis-acting cAMP responsive elements within the promoters of target genes, it facilitates signal-dependent gene expression. From the discovery of CREB, which is ubiquitously expressed, it has been proven to be involved in a variety of cellular processes that include cell proliferation, adaptation, survival, differentiation, and physiology, through the control of target gene expression. In this review, we highlight the essential roles of CREB proteins in the nervous system, the immune system, cancer development, hepatic physiology, and cardiovascular function and further discuss a wide range of CREB-associated diseases and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Arifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jungeun An
- Division of Life Sciences (Life Sciences Major), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Sangyun Jeong
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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