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Criado M, Silva M, Mendívil P, Molina E, Pérez V, Benavides J, Elguezabal N, Gutiérrez-Expósito D. No Evidence of Neutrophil Response Modulation in Goats after Immunization against Paratuberculosis with a Heat-Inactivated Vaccine. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1694. [PMID: 38891741 PMCID: PMC11171245 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are believed to play a role in the initial stages of paratuberculosis, and it has recently been demonstrated that vaccination can modulate their function via priming or through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming (training). Modulation of the neutrophil response against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) through vaccination has been demonstrated in a rabbit model but not in ruminants. Therefore, in the present work, the effect of vaccination on the response of caprine neutrophils against Map was studied. Neutrophils were isolated from non-vaccinated (n = 7) and Gudair®-vaccinated goat kids (n = 7), before vaccination and 30 days post-vaccination. Then, several neutrophil functions were quantified ex vivo: cell-free and anchored neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release, phagocytosis, and the differential expression of several cytokines and TLR2. The induction of cell-free NETosis and TLR2 expression by Map is reported for the first time. However, vaccination showed no significant effect on any of the functions studied. This suggests that the protection conferred by Gudair® vaccination is based on mechanisms that are independent of the neutrophil function modulation. Further research into the impact of alternative vaccination strategies or the paratuberculosis infection stage on ruminant neutrophil function could provide valuable insights into its role in paratuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Criado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Marta Silva
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Pedro Mendívil
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Elena Molina
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160 Derio, Spain; (E.M.); (N.E.)
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Julio Benavides
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
| | - Natalia Elguezabal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160 Derio, Spain; (E.M.); (N.E.)
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
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Andrews JT, Zhang Z, Prasad GVRK, Huey F, Nazarova EV, Wang J, Ranaraja A, Weinkopff T, Li LX, Mu S, Birrer MJ, Huang SCC, Zhang N, Argüello RJ, Philips JA, Mattila JT, Huang L. Metabolically active neutrophils represent a permissive niche for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00048-5. [PMID: 38844208 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected neutrophils are often found in the airways of patients with active tuberculosis (TB), and excessive recruitment of neutrophils to the lung is linked to increased bacterial burden and aggravated pathology in TB. The basis for the permissiveness of neutrophils for Mtb and the ability to be pathogenic in TB has been elusive. Here, we identified metabolic and functional features of neutrophils that contribute to their permissiveness in Mtb infection. Using single-cell metabolic and transcriptional analyses, we found that neutrophils in the Mtb-infected lung displayed elevated mitochondrial metabolism, which was largely attributed to the induction of activated neutrophils with enhanced metabolic activities. The activated neutrophil subpopulation was also identified in the lung granulomas from Mtb-infected non-human primates. Functionally, activated neutrophils harbored more viable bacteria and displayed enhanced lipid uptake and accumulation. Surprisingly, we found that interferon-γ promoted the activation of lung neutrophils during Mtb infection. Lastly, perturbation of lipid uptake pathways selectively compromised Mtb survival in activated neutrophils. These findings suggest that neutrophil heterogeneity and metabolic diversity are key to their permissiveness for Mtb and that metabolic pathways in neutrophils represent potential host-directed therapeutics in TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tucker Andrews
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Zijing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - G V R Krishna Prasad
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fischer Huey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Evgeniya V Nazarova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jocelyn Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ananya Ranaraja
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Tiffany Weinkopff
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Lin-Xi Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Shengyu Mu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Michael J Birrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Immunology, Metastasis & Microenvironment Program, Ellen and Ronald Caplan Cancer Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rafael J Argüello
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Jennifer A Philips
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua T Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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3
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Fu D, Gao S, Li JN, Cui YH, Luo YW, Zhong YJ, Li Q, Luo C, Dai RP, Luo RY, Hu ZL. P75 NTR+CD64 + neutrophils promote sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Clin Immunol 2024; 263:110206. [PMID: 38599263 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Patients suffering from sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) exhibit a high mortality rate, and their prognosis is closely associated with infiltration of neutrophils into the lungs. In this study, we found a significant elevation of CD64+ neutrophils, which highly expressed p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in peripheral blood of mice and patients with sepsis-induced ALI. p75NTR+CD64+ neutrophils were also abundantly expressed in the lung of ALI mice induced by lipopolysaccharide. Conditional knock-out of the myeloid lineage's p75NTR gene improved the survival rates, attenuated lung tissue inflammation, reduced neutrophil infiltration and enhanced the phagocytic functions of CD64+ neutrophils. In vitro, p75NTR+CD64+ neutrophils exhibited an upregulation and compromised phagocytic activity in blood samples of ALI patients. Blocking p75NTR activity by soluble p75NTR extracellular domain peptide (p75ECD-Fc) boosted CD64+ neutrophils phagocytic activity and reduced inflammatory cytokine production via regulation of the NF-κB activity. The findings strongly indicate that p75NTR+CD64+ neutrophils are a novel pathogenic neutrophil subpopulation promoting sepsis-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Anesthesia Medical Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jia-Nan Li
- Anesthesia Medical Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yan-Wei Luo
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Anesthesia Medical Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Anesthesia Medical Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ru-Ping Dai
- Anesthesia Medical Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ru-Yi Luo
- Anesthesia Medical Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Zhao-Lan Hu
- Anesthesia Medical Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410011, China.
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Krishnan J, Hennen EM, Ao M, Kirabo A, Ahmad T, de la Visitación N, Patrick DM. NETosis Drives Blood Pressure Elevation and Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension. Circ Res 2024; 134:1483-1494. [PMID: 38666386 PMCID: PMC11116040 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are composed of DNA, enzymes, and citrullinated histones that are expelled by neutrophils in the process of NETosis. NETs accumulate in the aorta and kidneys in hypertension. PAD4 (protein-arginine deiminase-4) is a calcium-dependent enzyme that is essential for NETosis. TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4) is a mechanosensitive calcium channel expressed in neutrophils. Thus, we hypothesize that NETosis contributes to hypertension via NET-mediated endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. METHODS NETosis-deficient Padi4-/- mice were treated with Ang II (angiotensin II). Blood pressure was measured by radiotelemetry, and vascular reactivity was measured with wire myography. Neutrophils were cultured with or without ECs and exposed to normotensive or hypertensive uniaxial stretch. NETosis was measured by flow cytometry. ECs were treated with citrullinated histone H3, and gene expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Aortic rings were incubated with citrullinated histone H3, and wire myography was performed to evaluate EC function. Neutrophils were treated with the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A. Calcium influx was measured using Fluo-4 dye, and NETosis was measured by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Padi4-/- mice exhibited attenuated hypertension, reduced aortic inflammation, and improved EC-dependent vascular relaxation in response to Ang II. Coculture of neutrophils with ECs and exposure to hypertensive uniaxial stretch increased NETosis and accumulation of neutrophil citrullinated histone H3. Histone H3 and citrullinated histone H3 exposure attenuates EC-dependent vascular relaxation. Treatment of neutrophils with the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A increases intracellular calcium and NETosis. CONCLUSIONS These observations identify a role of NETosis in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Moreover, they define an important role of EC stretch and TRPV4 as initiators of NETosis. Finally, they define a role of citrullinated histones as drivers of EC dysfunction in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Krishnan
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Elizabeth M. Hennen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (E.M.H.)
| | - Mingfang Ao
- Department of Anesthesiology (M.A.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology (A.K.)
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, TN (A.K.)
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, TN (A.K.)
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan (T.A.)
| | - Néstor de la Visitación
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - David M. Patrick
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN (D.M.P.)
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5
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Tyagi S, Sadhu S, Sharma T, Paul A, Pandey M, Nain VK, Rathore DK, Chatterjee S, Awasthi A, Pandey AK. VapC12 ribonuclease toxin modulates host immune response during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1302163. [PMID: 38515752 PMCID: PMC10955575 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1302163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic understanding of antibiotic persistence is a prerequisite in controlling the emergence of MDR cases in Tuberculosis (TB). We have reported that the cholesterol-induced activation of VapC12 ribonuclease is critical for disease persistence in TB. In this study, we observed that relative to the wild type, mice infected with ΔvapC12 induced a pro-inflammatory response, had a higher pathogen load, and responded better to the anti-TB treatment. In a high-dose infection model, all the mice infected with ΔvapC12 succumbed early to the disease. Finally, we reported that the above phenotype of ΔvapC12 was dependent on the presence of the TLR4 receptor. Overall, the data suggests that failure of a timely resolution of the early inflammation by the ΔvapC12 infected mice led to hyperinflammation, altered T-cell response and high bacterial load. In conclusion, our findings suggest the role of the VapC12 toxin in modulating the innate immune response of the host in ways that favor the long-term survival of the pathogen inside the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Tyagi
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Srikanth Sadhu
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Taruna Sharma
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhijit Paul
- Complex Analysis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Manitosh Pandey
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vaibhav Kumar Nain
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Rathore
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Samrat Chatterjee
- Complex Analysis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Mycobacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Criado M, Reyes LE, Marín JFG, Gutiérrez-Expósito D, Zapico D, Espinosa J, Pérez V. Adjuvants influence the immune cell populations present at the injection site granuloma induced by whole-cell inactivated paratuberculosis vaccines in sheep. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1284902. [PMID: 38352038 PMCID: PMC10861745 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1284902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective tool for paratuberculosis control. Currently, available vaccines prevent the progression of clinical disease in most animals but do not fully protect them against infection and induce the formation of an injection site granuloma. The precise mechanisms that operate in response to vaccination and granuloma development, as well as the effect that adjuvants could trigger, have not been fully investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the injection site granulomas induced by two inactivated paratuberculosis vaccines, which differ in the adjuvant employed. Two groups of 45-day-old lambs were immunized with two commercially available vaccines-one (n = 4) with Gudair® and the other (n = 4) with Silirum®. A third group (n = 4) was not vaccinated and served as control. The peripheral humoral response was assessed throughout the study by a commercial anti-Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) antibody indirect ELISA, and the cellular immune response was assessed similarly by the IFN-γ release and comparative intradermal tests. The injection site granulomas were measured during the experiment and sampled at 75 days post-vaccination (dpv) when the animals were euthanized. The tissue damage, antigen and adjuvant distribution, and the presence and amount of immune cells were then determined and assessed by immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies against Map antigens; a general macrophage marker (Iba1), M1 (iNOS), and M2 (CD204) macrophages; T (CD3), B (CD20), and γδ T lymphocytes, proteins MHC-II and NRAMP1, and cytokines IL-4, IL-10, TNF, and IFN-γ were employed. Silirum® elicited a stronger peripheral cellular immune response than Gudair®, while the latter induced larger granulomas and more tissue damage at the site of injection. Additionally, adjuvant and Map antigen distribution throughout the granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate, as well as the NRAMP1 cell expression, which is linked to antigen phagocytosis, were highly irregular. In Silirum® induced granulomas, a higher number of MHC-II and TNF-expressing cells and a lower number of M2 macrophages suggested an improved antigen presentation, which could be due to the better antigen distribution and reduced tissue damage induced by this vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Criado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Luis E. Reyes
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Juan F. García Marín
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - David Zapico
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - José Espinosa
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
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7
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Ghoshal A, Verma A, Bhaskar A, Dwivedi VP. The uncharted territory of host-pathogen interaction in tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339467. [PMID: 38312835 PMCID: PMC10834760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) effectively manipulates the host processes to establish the deadly respiratory disease, Tuberculosis (TB). M.tb has developed key mechanisms to disrupt the host cell health to combat immune responses and replicate efficaciously. M.tb antigens such as ESAT-6, 19kDa lipoprotein, Hip1, and Hsp70 destroy the integrity of cell organelles (Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, Phagosomes) or delay innate/adaptive cell responses. This is followed by the induction of cellular stress responses in the host. Such cells can either undergo various cell death processes such as apoptosis or necrosis, or mount effective immune responses to clear the invading pathogen. Further, to combat the infection progression, the host secretes extracellular vesicles such as exosomes to initiate immune signaling. The exosomes can contain M.tb as well as host cell-derived peptides that can act as a double-edged sword in the immune signaling event. The host-symbiont microbiota produces various metabolites that are beneficial for maintaining healthy tissue microenvironment. In juxtaposition to the above-mentioned mechanisms, M.tb dysregulates the gut and respiratory microbiome to support its replication and dissemination process. The above-mentioned interconnected host cellular processes of Immunometabolism, Cellular stress, Host Microbiome, and Extracellular vesicles are less explored in the realm of exploration of novel Host-directed therapies for TB. Therefore, this review highlights the intertwined host cellular processes to control M.tb survival and showcases the important factors that can be targeted for designing efficacious therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ved Prakash Dwivedi
- Immunobiology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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8
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Kam NW, Lo AWI, Hung DTY, Ko H, Wu KC, Kwong DLW, Lam KO, Leung TW, Che CM, Lee VHF. Shift in Tissue-Specific Immune Niches and CD137 Expression in Tuberculoma of Pembrolizumab-Treated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:268. [PMID: 38254759 PMCID: PMC10813936 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment has shown promise but can also have unintended consequences, such as reactivating latent tuberculosis (TB). To develop treatments that address ICIs-related adverse events, it is essential to understand cellular heterogeneity across healthy and pathological tissues. We performed cross-tissue multiplexed staining analysis on samples from two patients with TB reactivation during pembrolizumab treatment for metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CD8+ T cells, rather than CD4+ T cells, accumulated preferentially in the tuberculoma and were associated with increased production of IFNγ and expression of CD137. Additionally, CD137 enrichment played a role in the spatial organization of the tuberculoma, with specific interaction limited to spatial proximal cells between IFNγ+ CD137+ CD8+ T cells and IL12+ CD137+ type-1 macrophages. This unique feature was not observed in non-tumoral or tumoral tissues. Our analysis of public transcriptomic datasets supported the notion that this cellular interaction was more prominent in patients with durable ICI responses compared to those with non-ICI-related TB. We suggest that shifts towards CD137-rich immune niches are correlated with both off-target immune-related adverse events and anti-tumor efficacy. Targeting the tumor microenvironment through conditional activation of anti-CD137 signaling in combination with ICIs can modulate the reactivity of T cells and macrophages for localized tumor killing without the potential off-target immune-related risks associated with ICIs alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngar Woon Kam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.W.K.); (D.T.Y.H.); (K.C.W.); (D.L.W.K.); (K.O.L.); (T.W.L.)
- Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | | | - Desmond Tae Yang Hung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.W.K.); (D.T.Y.H.); (K.C.W.); (D.L.W.K.); (K.O.L.); (T.W.L.)
| | - Ho Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ka Chun Wu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.W.K.); (D.T.Y.H.); (K.C.W.); (D.L.W.K.); (K.O.L.); (T.W.L.)
- Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Dora Lai Wan Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.W.K.); (D.T.Y.H.); (K.C.W.); (D.L.W.K.); (K.O.L.); (T.W.L.)
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ka On Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.W.K.); (D.T.Y.H.); (K.C.W.); (D.L.W.K.); (K.O.L.); (T.W.L.)
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - To Wai Leung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.W.K.); (D.T.Y.H.); (K.C.W.); (D.L.W.K.); (K.O.L.); (T.W.L.)
| | - Chi Ming Che
- Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong 999077, China;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Victor Ho Fun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (N.W.K.); (D.T.Y.H.); (K.C.W.); (D.L.W.K.); (K.O.L.); (T.W.L.)
- Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
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9
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Bromley JD, Ganchua SKC, Nyquist SK, Maiello P, Chao M, Borish HJ, Rodgers M, Tomko J, Kracinovsky K, Mugahid D, Nguyen S, Wang D, Rosenberg JM, Klein EC, Gideon HP, Floyd-O’Sullivan R, Berger B, Scanga CA, Lin PL, Fortune SM, Shalek AK, Flynn JL. CD4 + T cells are homeostatic regulators during Mtb reinfection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.20.572669. [PMID: 38187598 PMCID: PMC10769325 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Immunological priming - either in the context of prior infection or vaccination - elicits protective responses against subsequent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, the changes that occur in the lung cellular milieu post-primary Mtb infection and their contributions to protection upon reinfection remain poorly understood. Here, using clinical and microbiological endpoints in a non-human primate reinfection model, we demonstrate that prior Mtb infection elicits a long-lasting protective response against subsequent Mtb exposure and that the depletion of CD4+ T cells prior to Mtb rechallenge significantly abrogates this protection. Leveraging microbiologic, PET-CT, flow cytometric, and single-cell RNA-seq data from primary infection, reinfection, and reinfection-CD4+ T cell depleted granulomas, we identify differential cellular and microbial features of control. The data collectively demonstrate that the presence of CD4+ T cells in the setting of reinfection results in a reduced inflammatory lung milieu characterized by reprogrammed CD8+ T cell activity, reduced neutrophilia, and blunted type-1 immune signaling among myeloid cells, mitigating Mtb disease severity. These results open avenues for developing vaccines and therapeutics that not only target CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but also modulate innate immune cells to limit Mtb disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Bromley
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sharie Keanne C. Ganchua
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Sarah K. Nyquist
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pauline Maiello
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Michael Chao
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H. Jacob Borish
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Mark Rodgers
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Jaime Tomko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Kara Kracinovsky
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Douaa Mugahid
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Son Nguyen
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dennis Wang
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacob M. Rosenberg
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin C. Klein
- Division of Laboratory Animal Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hannah P. Gideon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Roisin Floyd-O’Sullivan
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bonnie Berger
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles A Scanga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Philana Ling Lin
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Sarah M. Fortune
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - JoAnne L. Flynn
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA USA
- Lead contact
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10
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Shafqat A, Khan JA, Alkachem AY, Sabur H, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A, Sing GK. How Neutrophils Shape the Immune Response: Reassessing Their Multifaceted Role in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17583. [PMID: 38139412 PMCID: PMC10744338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant of the circulating immune cells and are the first to be recruited to sites of inflammation. Neutrophils are a heterogeneous group of immune cells from which are derived extracellular traps (NETs), reactive oxygen species, cytokines, chemokines, immunomodulatory factors, and alarmins that regulate the recruitment and phenotypes of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells. In addition, cytokine-stimulated neutrophils can express class II major histocompatibility complex and the internal machinery necessary for successful antigen presentation to memory CD4+ T cells. This may be relevant in the context of vaccine memory. Neutrophils thus emerge as orchestrators of immune responses that play a key role in determining the outcome of infections, vaccine efficacy, and chronic diseases like autoimmunity and cancer. This review aims to provide a synthesis of current evidence as regards the role of these functions of neutrophils in homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia (K.A.); (A.Y.); (G.K.S.)
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11
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Bergersen KV, Ramirez AD, Kavvathas B, Mercer F, Wilson EH. Human neutrophil-like cells demonstrate antimicrobial responses to the chronic cyst form of Toxoplasma gondii. Parasite Immunol 2023; 45:e13011. [PMID: 37776091 PMCID: PMC11246559 DOI: 10.1111/pim.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects approximately 2.5 billion people worldwide. Infection induces a rapid dissemination of parasites throughout the body followed by the formation of lifelong cysts within neurons of the host brain. Both stages require a dynamic immune response comprised of both innate and adaptive cells. Neutrophils are a primary responding cell to acute infection and have been observed in the brain during murine chronic infection. Previous studies investigating human neutrophils found that invasion by Toxoplasma tachyzoites inhibits apoptosis of neutrophils, prolonging their survival under inflammatory conditions. Here, we demonstrate the differentiation of two distinct subsets following exposure of human neutrophil-like-cells (HNLC) to Toxoplasma cysts. In vitro stimulation and imaging studies show cyst-specific induction of cytokines and cyst clearance by HNLCs. Further testing demonstrates that aged HNLCs perform less phagocytosis of cysts compared to non-aged HNLCs. In conclusion, this study identifies a novel response of HNLCs to Toxoplasma cysts and may indicate a role for neutrophils in the clearance of cysts during human infection with Toxoplasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina V. Bergersen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America
| | - Ashley D. Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
| | - Bill Kavvathas
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America
| | - Frances Mercer
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
| | - Emma H. Wilson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America
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12
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Kotov DI, Lee OV, Ji DX, Jaye DL, Suliman S, Gabay C, Vance RE. Immunosuppression is a conserved driver of tuberculosis susceptibility. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.27.564420. [PMID: 37961447 PMCID: PMC10634924 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.564420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) causes 1.6 million deaths a year 1 . However, no individual mouse model fully recapitulates the hallmarks of human tuberculosis disease. Here we report that a comparison across three different susceptible mouse models identifies Mtb -induced gene signatures that predict active TB disease in humans significantly better than a signature from the standard C57BL/6 mouse model. An increase in lung myeloid cells, including neutrophils, was conserved across the susceptible mouse models, mimicking the neutrophilic inflammation observed in humans 2,3 . Myeloid cells in the susceptible models and non-human primates exhibited high expression of immunosuppressive molecules including the IL-1 receptor antagonist, which inhibits IL-1 signaling. Prior reports have suggested that excessive IL-1 signaling impairs Mtb control 4-6 . By contrast, we found that enhancement of IL-1 signaling via deletion of IL-1 receptor antagonist promoted bacterial control in all three susceptible mouse models. IL-1 signaling enhanced cytokine production by lymphoid and stromal cells, suggesting a mechanism for IL-1 signaling in promoting Mtb control. Thus, we propose that myeloid cell expression of immunosuppressive molecules is a conserved mechanism exacerbating Mtb disease in mice, non-human primates, and humans.
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13
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Mayer-Barber KD. Granulocytes subsets and their divergent functions in host resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis - a 'tipping-point' model of disease exacerbation. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 84:102365. [PMID: 37437471 PMCID: PMC10543468 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Granulocytes are innate immune effector cells with essential functions in host resistance to bacterial infections. I will discuss emerging evidence that during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, counter-intuitively, eosinophils are host-protective while neutrophils are host detrimental. Additionally, I will propose a 'tipping-point' model in which neutrophils are an integral part of a feedforward loop driving tuberculosis disease exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin D Mayer-Barber
- Inflammation and Innate Immunity Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892, USA.
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14
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Cao L, Ma L, Zhao J, Wang X, Fang X, Li W, Qi Y, Tang Y, Liu J, Peng S, Yang L, Zhou L, Li L, Hu X, Ji Y, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhao YY, Zhao Y, Wei Y, Malik AB, Saiyin H, Xu J. An unexpected role of neutrophils in clearing apoptotic hepatocytes in vivo. eLife 2023; 12:RP86591. [PMID: 37728612 PMCID: PMC10511239 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Billions of apoptotic cells are removed daily in a human adult by professional phagocytes (e.g. macrophages) and neighboring nonprofessional phagocytes (e.g. stromal cells). Despite being a type of professional phagocyte, neutrophils are thought to be excluded from apoptotic sites to avoid tissue inflammation. Here, we report a fundamental and unexpected role of neutrophils as the predominant phagocyte responsible for the clearance of apoptotic hepatic cells in the steady state. In contrast to the engulfment of dead cells by macrophages, neutrophils burrowed directly into apoptotic hepatocytes, a process we term perforocytosis, and ingested the effete cells from the inside. The depletion of neutrophils caused defective removal of apoptotic bodies, induced tissue injury in the mouse liver, and led to the generation of autoantibodies. Human autoimmune liver disease showed similar defects in the neutrophil-mediated clearance of apoptotic hepatic cells. Hence, neutrophils possess a specialized immunologically silent mechanism for the clearance of apoptotic hepatocytes through perforocytosis, and defects in this key housekeeping function of neutrophils contribute to the genesis of autoimmune liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL)GuangzhouChina
| | - Lixiang Ma
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xinzou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wei Li
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yawen Qi
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yingkui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jieya Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shengxian Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoUnited States
| | - You-yang Zhao
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoUnited States
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoUnited States
| | - Hexige Saiyin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingsong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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15
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Callahan SM, Hancock TJ, Doster RS, Parker CB, Wakim ME, Gaddy JA, Johnson JG. A secreted sirtuin from Campylobacter jejuni contributes to neutrophil activation and intestinal inflammation during infection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade2693. [PMID: 37566649 PMCID: PMC10421069 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Histone modifications control numerous processes in eukaryotes, including inflammation. Some bacterial pathogens alter the activity or expression of host-derived factors, including sirtuins, to modify histones and induce responses that promote infection. In this study, we identified a deacetylase encoded by Campylobacter jejuni which has sirtuin activities and contributes to activation of human neutrophils by the pathogen. This sirtuin is secreted from the bacterium into neutrophils, where it associates with and deacetylates host histones to promote neutrophil activation and extracellular trap production. Using the murine model of campylobacteriosis, we found that a mutant of this bacterial sirtuin efficiently colonized the gastrointestinal tract but was unable to induce cytokine production, gastrointestinal inflammation, and tissue pathology. In conclusion, these results suggest that secreted bacterial sirtuins represent a previously unreported class of bacterial effector and that bacterial-mediated modification of host histones is responsible for the inflammation and pathology that occurs during campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Callahan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Trevor J. Hancock
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, TN 37930, USA
| | - Ryan S. Doster
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Caroline B. Parker
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Mary E. Wakim
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Gaddy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeremiah G. Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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16
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Shaw JA, Malherbe ST, Walzl G, du Plessis N. Suppressive myeloid cells in SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1222911. [PMID: 37545508 PMCID: PMC10399583 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1222911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic data show that both current and previous tuberculosis (TB) increase the risk of in-hospital mortality from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), and there is a similar trend for poor outcomes from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection after recent SARS-CoV-2. A shared dysregulation of immunity explains the dual risk posed by co-infection, but the specific mechanisms are being explored. While initial attention focused on T cell immunity, more comprehensive analyses revealed a dysfunctional innate immune response in COVID-19, characterized by reduced numbers of dendritic cells, NK cells and a redistribution of mononuclear phagocytes towards intermediate myeloid subsets. During hyper- or chronic inflammatory processes, activation signals from molecules such as growth factors and alarmins lead to the expansion of an immature population of myeloid cells called myeloid-deprived suppressor cells (MDSC). These cells enter a state of pathological activation, lose their ability to rapidly clear pathogens, and instead become broadly immunosuppressive. MDSC are enriched in the peripheral blood of patients with severe COVID-19; associated with mortality; and with higher levels of inflammatory cytokines. In TB, MDSC have been implicated in loss of control of Mtb in the granuloma and ineffective innate and T cell immunity to the pathogen. Considering that innate immune sensing serves as first line of both anti-bacterial and anti-viral defence mechanisms, we propose MDSC as a crucial mechanism for the adverse clinical trajectories of TB-COVID-19 coinfection.
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17
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Criado M, Pérez V, Arteche-Villasol N, Elguezabal N, Molina E, Benavides J, Gutiérrez-Expósito D. Evaluation of the innate immune response of caprine neutrophils against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in vitro. Vet Res 2023; 54:61. [PMID: 37464437 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute an essential component of the innate immune response, readily killing most bacteria through phagocytosis, degranulation, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) among other mechanisms. These cells play an unclear role in mycobacterial infections such as Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, and its response is particularly understudied in ruminants. Herein, a wide set of techniques were adapted, or newly developed, to study the in vitro response of caprine neutrophils after Map infection. Immunofluorescence was used to demonstrate, simultaneously, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETs. The quantification of neutrophil phagocytic activity against Map at a 1:10 multiplicity of infection (MOI), through flow cytometry, showed values that varied from 4.54 to 5.63% of phagocyting neutrophils. By immunofluorescence, a 73.3 ± 14.5% of the fields showed NETs, and the mean release of DNA, attributable to NETosis, calculated through a fluorometric method, was 16.2 ± 3.5%. In addition, the RNA expression of TGF-β, TNF and IL-1β cytokines, measured through reverse transcription qPCR, was significantly higher in the two latter. Overall, neutrophil response was proportional to the number of bacteria. This work confirms that the simultaneous study of several neutrophil mechanisms, and the combination of different methodologies, are essential to reach a comprehensive understanding of neutrophil response against pathogens, demonstrates that, in vitro, caprine neutrophils display a strong innate response against Map, using their entire repertoire of effector functions, and sets the basis for further in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of neutrophils in paratuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Criado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain.
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain.
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Noive Arteche-Villasol
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Natalia Elguezabal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160, Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Elena Molina
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160, Derio, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Julio Benavides
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071, León, Spain
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18
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García-Bengoa M, Meurer M, Goethe R, Singh M, Reljic R, von Köckritz-Blickwede M. Role of phagocyte extracellular traps during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections and tuberculosis disease processes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:983299. [PMID: 37492257 PMCID: PMC10365110 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.983299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infections remain one of the most significant causes of mortality worldwide. The current situation shows an emergence of new antibiotic-resistant strains making it difficult to control the tuberculosis (TB) disease. A large part of its success as a pathogen is due to its ability to persist for years or even decades without causing evident clinical manifestations. M.tb is highly successful in evading the host-defense by manipulating host-signalling pathways. Although macrophages are generally viewed as the key cell type involved in harboring M.tb, growing evidence shows that neutrophils also play a fundamental role. Both cells are known to act in multiple ways when encountering an invading pathogen, including phagocytosis, release of cytokines and chemokines, and oxidative burst. In addition, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and macrophage extracellular traps (METs) has been described to contribute to M.tb infections. NETs/METs are extracellular DNA fibers with associated granule components, which are released upon activation of the cells by the pathogen or by pro-inflammatory mediators. On one hand, they can lead to a protective immune response by entrapment and killing of pathogens. However, on the other hand, they can also play a severe pathological role by inducing tissue damage. Extracellular traps (ETs) produced in the pulmonary alveoli can expand easily and expose tissue-damaging factors with detrimental effects. Since host-directed therapies offer a complementary strategy in TB, the knowledge of NET/MET formation is important for understanding potential protective versus detrimental pathways during innate immune signaling. In this review, we summarize the progress made in understanding the role of NETs/METs in the pathogenesis of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Bengoa
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marita Meurer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralph Goethe
- Institute for Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mahavir Singh
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rajko Reljic
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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19
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Youn C, Pontaza C, Wang Y, Dikeman DA, Joyce DP, Alphonse MP, Wu MJ, Nolan SJ, Anany MA, Ahmadi M, Young J, Tocaj A, Garza LA, Wajant H, Miller LS, Archer NK. Neutrophil-intrinsic TNF receptor signaling orchestrates host defense against Staphylococcus aureus. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf8748. [PMID: 37327341 PMCID: PMC10275602 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections and is a major health burden due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. To address the unmet need of alternative treatments to antibiotics, a better understanding of the protective immune mechanisms against S. aureus skin infection is warranted. Here, we report that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) promoted protection against S. aureus in the skin, which was mediated by bone marrow-derived immune cells. Furthermore, neutrophil-intrinsic TNF receptor (TNFR) signaling directed immunity against S. aureus skin infections. Mechanistically, TNFR1 promoted neutrophil recruitment to the skin, whereas TNFR2 prevented systemic bacterial dissemination and directed neutrophil antimicrobial functions. Treatment with a TNFR2 agonist showed therapeutic efficacy against S. aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa skin infections, which involved increased neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Our findings revealed nonredundant roles for TNFR1 and TNFR2 in neutrophils for immunity against S. aureus and can be therapeutically targeted for protection against bacterial skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Youn
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Cristina Pontaza
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Dustin A. Dikeman
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Daniel P. Joyce
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Martin P. Alphonse
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Meng-Jen Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sabrina J. Nolan
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mohamed A. Anany
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, National Research Center, El Buhouth Street, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Michael Ahmadi
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jeremy Young
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Aron Tocaj
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Luis A. Garza
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Lloyd S. Miller
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Nathan K. Archer
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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20
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Patlola SR, Donohoe G, McKernan DP. Anti-inflammatory effects of 2nd generation antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 160:126-136. [PMID: 36804109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a major psychiatric disorder with unknown aetiology. Recent evidence suggests a potential role for cytokines in its pathophysiology and that antipsychotic medication may alter this. While the aetiology of schizophrenia remains only partly understood, an altered immune function representing an important avenue of further discovery. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we focus on the specific effects of second generation antipsychotics risperidone and clozapine on inflammatory cytokines. METHODS A defined systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed to identify relevant studies published between Jan 1900 and May 2022. After screening of 2969 papers, 43 studies (27 single-arm and 8 dual-arm) were included that consisted of a total of 1421 patients with schizophrenia in the systematic review. From these, twenty studies (4 dual-arm; 678 patients) had data available on which a meta-analysis could be carried out. RESULTS Our meta-analysis showed a significant reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines post-risperidone treatment in the absence of a similar association with clozapine. Subgroup analyses (First episode v chronic) demonstrated that duration of illness influenced the extent of cytokine alteration; risperidone treatment produced significant cytokine changes (lowered IL-6 and TNF-α) in chronic patients but not in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. CONCLUSION Varying treatment effects on cytokines can be observed by the use of different antipsychotic drugs. The cytokine alterations post-treatment are influenced by the specific antipsychotic drugs and patient status. This may explain disease progression in certain patient groups and influence therapeutic choices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saahithh Redddi Patlola
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Gary Donohoe
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Declan P McKernan
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.
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21
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Alcantara CA, Glassman I, Nguyen KH, Parthasarathy A, Venketaraman V. Neutrophils in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030631. [PMID: 36992214 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) continues to be a leading cause of mortality within developing countries. The BCG vaccine to promote immunity against M. tb is widely used in developing countries and only in specific circumstances within the United States. However, current the literature reports equivocal data on the efficacy of the BCG vaccine. Critical within their role in the innate immune response, neutrophils serve as one of the first responders to infectious pathogens such as M. tb. Neutrophils promote effective clearance of M. tb through processes such as phagocytosis and the secretion of destructive granules. During the adaptative immune response, neutrophils modulate communication with lymphocytes to promote a strong pro-inflammatory response and to mediate the containment M. tb through the production of granulomas. In this review, we aim to highlight and summarize the role of neutrophils during an M. tb infection. Furthermore, the authors emphasize the need for more studies to be conducted on effective vaccination against M. tb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheldon Ann Alcantara
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Ira Glassman
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Kevin H Nguyen
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | | | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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22
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Distinct subsets of neutrophils crosstalk with cytokines and metabolites in patients with sepsis. iScience 2023; 26:105948. [PMID: 36756375 PMCID: PMC9900520 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite continued efforts to understand the pathophysiology of sepsis, no effective therapies are currently available. While singular components of the aberrant immune response have been investigated, comprehensive studies linking different data layers are lacking. Using an integrated systems immunology approach, we evaluated neutrophil phenotypes and concomitant changes in cytokines and metabolites in patients with sepsis. Our findings identify differentially expressed mature and immature neutrophil subsets in patients with sepsis. These subsets correlate with various proteins, metabolites, and lipids, including pentraxin-3, angiopoietin-2, and lysophosphatidylcholines, in patients with sepsis. These results enabled the construction of a statistical model based on weighted multi-omics linear regression analysis for sepsis biomarker identification. These findings could help inform early patient stratification and treatment options, and facilitate further mechanistic studies targeting the trifecta of surface marker expression, cytokines, and metabolites.
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23
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Lawal IO, Abubakar S, Ankrah AO, Sathekge MM. Molecular Imaging of Tuberculosis. Semin Nucl Med 2023; 53:37-56. [PMID: 35882621 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the introduction of many novel diagnostic techniques and newer treatment agents, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide. With about a quarter of humanity harboring Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB, the current efforts geared towards reducing the scourge due to TB must be sustained. At the same time, newer alternative modalities for diagnosis and treatment response assessment are considered. Molecular imaging entails the use of radioactive probes that exploit molecular targets expressed by microbes or human cells for imaging using hybrid scanners that provide both anatomic and functional features of the disease being imaged. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the most investigated radioactive probe for TB imaging in research and clinical practice. When imaged with positron emission tomography interphase with computed tomography (PET/CT), FDG PET/CT performs better than sputum conversion for predicting treatment outcome. At the end of treatment, FDG PET/CT has demonstrated the unique ability to identify a subset of patients declared cured based on the current standard of care but who still harbor live bacilli capable of causing disease relapse after therapy discontinuation. Our understanding of the pathogenesis and evolution of TB has improved significantly in the last decade, owing to the introduction of FDG PET/CT in TB research. FDG is a non-specific probe as it targets the host inflammatory response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is not specifically different in TB compared with other infectious conditions. Ongoing efforts are geared towards evaluating the utility of newer probes targeting different components of the TB granuloma, the hallmark of TB lesions, including hypoxia, neovascularization, and fibrosis, in TB management. The most exciting category of non-FDG PET probes developed for molecular imaging of TB appears to be radiolabeled anti-tuberculous drugs for use in studying the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drugs. This allows for the non-invasive study of drug kinetics in different body compartments concurrently, providing an insight into the spatial heterogeneity of drug exposure in different TB lesions. The ability to repeat molecular imaging using radiolabeled anti-tuberculous agents also offers an opportunity to study the temporal changes in drug kinetics within the different lesions during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaheel O Lawal
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
| | - Sofiullah Abubakar
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Center, Muscat, Oman
| | - Alfred O Ankrah
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa; National Center for Radiotherapy Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana; Medical Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mike M Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa; Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
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24
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Hu J, Pan M, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Wang M. Functional plasticity of neutrophils after low- or high-dose irradiation in cancer treatment - A mini review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1169670. [PMID: 37063873 PMCID: PMC10098001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several decades, radiotherapy has been considered the primary treatment option for a broad range of cancer types, aimed at prolonging patients' survival and slowing down tumor regression. However, therapeutic outcomes of radiotherapy remain limited, and patients suffer from relapse shortly after radiation. Neutrophils can initiate an immune response to infection by releasing cytokines and chemokines to actively combat pathogens. In tumor immune microenvironment, tumor-derived signals reprogram neutrophils and induce their heterogeneity and functional versatility to promote or inhibit tumor growth. In this review, we present an overview of the typical phenotypes of neutrophils that emerge after exposure to low- and high-dose radiation. These phenotypes hold potential for developing synergistic therapeutic strategies to inhibit immunosuppressive activity and improve the antitumor effects of neutrophils to render radiation therapy as a more effective strategy for cancer patients, through tumor microenvironment modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingyue Pan
- Faculty of Law, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yixi Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meidan Wang
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Meidan Wang,
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25
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Acharya AP, Sezginel KB, Gideon HP, Greene AC, Lawson HD, Inamdar S, Tang Y, Fraser AJ, Patel KV, Liu C, Rosi NL, Chan SY, Flynn JL, Wilmer CE, Little SR. In silico identification and synthesis of a multi-drug loaded MOF for treating tuberculosis. J Control Release 2022; 352:242-255. [PMID: 36273529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Conventional drug delivery systems have been applied to a myriad of active ingredients but may be difficult to tailor for a given drug. Herein, we put forth a new strategy, which designs and selects the drug delivery material by considering the properties of encapsulated drugs (even multiple drugs, simultaneously). Specifically, through an in-silico screening process of 5109 MOFs using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, a customized MOF (referred as BIO-MOF-100) was selected and experimentally verified to be biologically stable, and capable of loading 3 anti-Tuberculosis drugs Rifampicin+Isoniazid+Pyrazinamide at 10% + 28% + 23% wt/wt (total > 50% by weight). Notably, the customized BIO-MOF-100 delivery system cleared naturally Pyrazinamide-resistant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, reduced growth of virulent Erdman infection in macaque macrophages 10-100-fold compared to soluble drugs in vitro and was also significantly reduced Erdman growth in mice. These data suggest that the methodology of identifying-synthesizing materials can be used to generate solutions for challenging applications such as simultaneous delivery of multiple, small hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules in the same molecular framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav P Acharya
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Kutay B Sezginel
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Hannah P Gideon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ashlee C Greene
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Harrison D Lawson
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sahil Inamdar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Amy J Fraser
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kush V Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Rosi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - JoAnne L Flynn
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA
| | - Christopher E Wilmer
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Steven R Little
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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26
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Talukdar P, Junecko BF, Lane DS, Maiello P, Mattila JT. Macrophages and neutrophils express IFNλs in granulomas from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected nonhuman primates. Front Immunol 2022; 13:985405. [PMID: 36189279 PMCID: PMC9516334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulomas are the hallmark of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Cytokine-mediated signaling can modulate immune function; thus, understanding the cytokine milieu in granulomas is critical for understanding immunity in tuberculosis (TB). Interferons (IFNs) are important immune mediators in TB, and while type 1 and 2 IFNs have been extensively studied, less is known about type 3 IFNs (IFNλs) in TB. To determine if IFNλs are expressed in granulomas, which cells express them, and how granuloma microenvironments influence IFNλ expression, we investigated IFNλ1 and IFNλ4 expression in macaque lung granulomas. We identified IFNλ expression in granulomas, and IFNλ levels negatively correlated with bacteria load. Macrophages and neutrophils expressed IFNλ1 and IFNλ4, with neutrophils expressing higher levels of each protein. IFNλ expression varied in different granuloma microenvironments, with lymphocyte cuff macrophages expressing more IFNλ1 than epithelioid macrophages. IFNλ1 and IFNλ4 differed in their subcellular localization, with IFNλ4 predominantly localizing inside macrophage nuclei. IFNλR1 was also expressed in granulomas, with intranuclear localization in some cells. Further investigation demonstrated that IFNλ signaling is driven in part by TLR2 ligation and was accompanied by nuclear translocation of IFNλR1. Our data indicate that IFNλs are part of the granuloma cytokine milieu that may influence myeloid cell function and immunity in TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Talukdar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Vaccine Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Beth F. Junecko
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Vaccine Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Daniel S. Lane
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Vaccine Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Pauline Maiello
- Center for Vaccine Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Joshua T. Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Vaccine Research, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Joshua T. Mattila,
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27
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Gupta M, Srikrishna G, Klein SL, Bishai WR. Genetic and hormonal mechanisms underlying sex-specific immune responses in tuberculosis. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:640-656. [PMID: 35842266 PMCID: PMC9344469 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), the world's deadliest bacterial infection, afflicts more human males than females, with a male/female (M/F) ratio of 1.7. Sex disparities in TB prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations are widely reported, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely undefined. This review assesses epidemiological data on sex disparity in TB, as well as possible underlying hormonal and genetic mechanisms that might differentially modulate innate and adaptive immune responses in males and females, leading to sex differences in disease susceptibility. We consider whether this sex disparity can be extended to the efficacy of vaccines and discuss novel animal models which may offer mechanistic insights. A better understanding of the biological factors underpinning sex-related immune responses in TB may enable sex-specific personalized therapies for TB.
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28
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Rankin AN, Hendrix SV, Naik SK, Stallings CL. Exploring the Role of Low-Density Neutrophils During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:901590. [PMID: 35800386 PMCID: PMC9253571 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.901590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which primarily infects the lungs but can also cause extrapulmonary disease. Both the disease outcome and the pathology of TB are driven by the immune response mounted by the host. Infection with Mtb elicits inflammatory host responses that are necessary to control infection, but can also cause extensive tissue damage when in excess, and thus must be precisely balanced. In particular, excessive recruitment of neutrophils to the site of infection has been associated with poor control of Mtb infection, prompting investigations into the roles of neutrophils in TB disease outcomes. Recent studies have revealed that neutrophils can be divided into subpopulations that are differentially abundant in TB disease states, highlighting the potential complexities in determining the roles of neutrophils in Mtb infection. Specifically, neutrophils can be separated into normal (NDN) and low-density neutrophils (LDNs) based on their separation during density gradient centrifugation and surface marker expression. LDNs are present in higher numbers during active TB disease and increase in frequency with disease progression, although their direct contribution to TB is still unknown. In addition, the abundance of LDNs has also been associated with the severity of other lung infections, including COVID-19. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding the roles of LDNs during lung inflammation, emphasizing their association with TB disease outcomes. This review highlights the importance of future investigations into the relationship between neutrophil diversity and TB disease severity.
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29
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Grant NL, Maiello P, Klein E, Lin PL, Borish HJ, Tomko J, Frye LJ, White AG, Kirschner DE, Mattila JT, Flynn JL. T cell transcription factor expression evolves over time in granulomas from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected cynomolgus macaques. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110826. [PMID: 35584684 PMCID: PMC9169877 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is a global health concern, yearly resulting in 10 million new cases of active TB. Immunologic investigation of lung granulomas is essential for understanding host control of bacterial replication. Here, we identify and compare the pathological, cellular, and functional differences in granulomas at 4, 12, and 20 weeks post-infection in Chinese cynomolgus macaques. Original granulomas differ in transcription-factor expression within adaptive lymphocytes, with those at 12 weeks showing higher frequencies of CD8+T-bet+ T cells, while CD4+T-bet+ T cells increase at 20 weeks post-infection. The appearance of T-bet+ adaptive T cells at 12 and 20 weeks is coincident with a reduction in bacterial burden, suggesting their critical role in Mtb control. This study highlights the evolution of T cell responses within lung granulomas, suggesting that vaccines promoting the development and migration of T-bet+ T cells would enhance mycobacterial control. Grant et al. investigate the pathological, cellular, and functional differences in TB lung granulomas from macaques. The data reveal that most T cells at early time points have low frequencies of transcription factor expression, while T cells at later time points have increased expression of T-bet and a reduction in bacterial burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Grant
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pauline Maiello
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Edwin Klein
- Division of Laboratory Animal Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philana Ling Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - H Jacob Borish
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jaime Tomko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L James Frye
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexander G White
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Denise E Kirschner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua T Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - JoAnne L Flynn
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Donovan J, Tram TTB, Phu NH, Hiep NTT, Van VTT, Mui DTH, Ny NTH, Nghia HDT, Hanh NHH, Tan LV, Thuong NTT, Thwaites GE. Influence of Strongyloides stercoralis Coinfection on the Presentation, Pathogenesis, and Outcome of Tuberculous Meningitis. J Infect Dis 2022; 225:1653-1662. [PMID: 33104201 PMCID: PMC9071290 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helminth infections may modulate the inflammatory response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and influence disease presentation and outcome. Strongyloides stercoralis is common among populations with high tuberculosis prevalence. Our aim was to determine whether S. stercoralis coinfection influenced clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammation, and outcome from tuberculous meningitis (TBM). METHODS From June 2017 to December 2019, 668 Vietnamese adults with TBM, enrolled in the ACT HIV or LAST ACT trials (NCT03092817 and NCT03100786), underwent pretreatment S. stercoralis testing by serology, stool microscopy, and/or stool polymerase chain reaction. Comparisons of pretreatment TBM severity, CSF inflammation (including cytokines), and 3-month clinical end points were performed in groups with or without active S. stercoralis infection. RESULTS Overall, 9.4% participants (63 of 668) tested positive for S. stercoralis. Active S. stercoralis infection was significantly associated with reduced pretreatment CSF neutrophil counts (median [interquartile range], 3/μL [0-25/μL] vs 14 /μL [1-83/μL]; P = .04), and with reduced CSF interferon ɣ, interleukin 2, and tumor necrosis factor α concentrations (11.4 vs 56.0 pg/mL [P = .01], 33.1 vs 54.5 pg/mL [P = .03], and 4.5 vs 11.9 pg/mL [P = .02], respectively), compared with uninfected participants. Neurological complications by 3 months were significantly reduced in participants with active S. stercoralis infection compared with uninfected participants (3.8% [1 of 26] vs 30.0% [33 of 110], respectively; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS S. stercoralis coinfection may modulate the intracerebral inflammatory response to M. tuberculosis and improve TBM clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Donovan
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Trinh Thi Bich Tram
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hoan Phu
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Hiep
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Thi Thu Van
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Han Ny
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ho Dang Trung Nghia
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Ho Hong Hanh
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Van Tan
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Guy E Thwaites
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Fisher KL, Rajkumar-Bhugeloo K, Moodley D, Mpotje T, Ramsuran D, Ndung'u T, Marakalala MJ. Investigating neutrophil cell death in TB pathogenesis. Gates Open Res 2022; 5:175. [PMID: 35445169 PMCID: PMC8990965 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13472.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neutrophils are one of the major early role players in antimycobacterial immunity. Upon infection, neutrophils can undergo NETosis, a cell death characterized by release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The role of NETosis in TB progression remains poorly characterized. We aim to characterize mechanisms underlying NETosis during TB pathogenesis by identifying genes that drive the cell death, and to determine their potential as markers of disease progression in high-risk individuals. Finally, we intend to evaluate neutrophil associated genes as targets for host directed therapy to reduce pathological damage caused by NETosis.
Methods: Quantitative PCR will be used to quantify expression of specific genes identified in the blood of individuals with active lung disease (n=30), compared to those from healthy (n=30) and latently infected individuals (LTBI) (n=30). In addition, temporal events associated with NETosis will be measured using live microscopy in a neutrophil in vitro model of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Candidate genes found to be associated with NETosis will be targeted with pharmaceutical inhibitors.
Conclusion: Genes associated with neutrophil mediated cell death may serve as potential biomarkers of pathological damage and disease progression, as well as targets for host-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimone L Fisher
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
| | | | - Denelle Moodley
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
| | - Thabo Mpotje
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
| | - Duran Ramsuran
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
| | - Thumbi Ndung'u
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
- HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
| | - Mohlopheni J Marakalala
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4001, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
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Gideon HP, Hughes TK, Tzouanas CN, Wadsworth MH, Tu AA, Gierahn TM, Peters JM, Hopkins FF, Wei JR, Kummerlowe C, Grant NL, Nargan K, Phuah JY, Borish HJ, Maiello P, White AG, Winchell CG, Nyquist SK, Ganchua SKC, Myers A, Patel KV, Ameel CL, Cochran CT, Ibrahim S, Tomko JA, Frye LJ, Rosenberg JM, Shih A, Chao M, Klein E, Scanga CA, Ordovas-Montanes J, Berger B, Mattila JT, Madansein R, Love JC, Lin PL, Leslie A, Behar SM, Bryson B, Flynn JL, Fortune SM, Shalek AK. Multimodal profiling of lung granulomas in macaques reveals cellular correlates of tuberculosis control. Immunity 2022; 55:827-846.e10. [PMID: 35483355 PMCID: PMC9122264 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis lung infection results in a complex multicellular structure: the granuloma. In some granulomas, immune activity promotes bacterial clearance, but in others, bacteria persist and grow. We identified correlates of bacterial control in cynomolgus macaque lung granulomas by co-registering longitudinal positron emission tomography and computed tomography imaging, single-cell RNA sequencing, and measures of bacterial clearance. Bacterial persistence occurred in granulomas enriched for mast, endothelial, fibroblast, and plasma cells, signaling amongst themselves via type 2 immunity and wound-healing pathways. Granulomas that drove bacterial control were characterized by cellular ecosystems enriched for type 1-type 17, stem-like, and cytotoxic T cells engaged in pro-inflammatory signaling networks involving diverse cell populations. Granulomas that arose later in infection displayed functional characteristics of restrictive granulomas and were more capable of killing Mtb. Our results define the complex multicellular ecosystems underlying (lack of) granuloma resolution and highlight host immune targets that can be leveraged to develop new vaccine and therapeutic strategies for TB. Timing of granuloma formation influences local microenvironment and bacterial burden Mast cells, type 2 immunity, and tissue remodeling underlie early, high-burden granulomas Type1-type17 and cytotoxic T cells associate with late-forming, low-burden granulomas Distinct interaction circuits across granuloma phenotypes nominate therapeutic targets
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah P Gideon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Travis K Hughes
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Constantine N Tzouanas
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marc H Wadsworth
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ang Andy Tu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Todd M Gierahn
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joshua M Peters
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Forrest F Hopkins
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun-Rong Wei
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Conner Kummerlowe
- Program in Computational and Systems Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicole L Grant
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Jia Yao Phuah
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - H Jacob Borish
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pauline Maiello
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexander G White
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Caylin G Winchell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah K Nyquist
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Program in Computational and Systems Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sharie Keanne C Ganchua
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amy Myers
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kush V Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cassaundra L Ameel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine T Cochran
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samira Ibrahim
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jaime A Tomko
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lonnie James Frye
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jacob M Rosenberg
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angela Shih
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Chao
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin Klein
- Division of Laboratory Animal Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Charles A Scanga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bonnie Berger
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joshua T Mattila
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rajhmun Madansein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - J Christopher Love
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Philana Ling Lin
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Samuel M Behar
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Bryan Bryson
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - JoAnne L Flynn
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Sarah M Fortune
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of bacterial disease-related death and is among the top 10 overall causes of death worldwide. The complex nature of this infectious lung disease has proven difficult to treat, and significant research efforts are now evaluating the feasibility of host-directed, adjunctive therapies. An attractive approach in host-directed therapy targets host epigenetics, or gene regulation, to redirect the immune response in a host-beneficial manner. Substantial evidence exists demonstrating that host epigenetics are dysregulated during TB and that epigenetic-based therapies may be highly effective to treat TB. However, the caveat is that much of the knowledge that exists on the modulation of the host epigenome during TB has been gained using in vitro, small-animal, or blood-derived cell models, which do not accurately reflect the pulmonary nature of the disease. In humans, the first and major target cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are alveolar macrophages (AM). As such, their response to infection and treatment is clinically relevant and ultimately drives the outcome of disease. In this review, we compare the fundamental differences between AM and circulating monocyte-derived macrophages in the context of TB and summarize the recent advances in elucidating the epigenomes of these cells, including changes to the transcriptome, DNA methylome, and chromatin architecture. We will also discuss trained immunity in AM as a new and emerging field in TB research and provide some perspectives for the translational potential of targeting host epigenetics as an alternative TB therapy.
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Abstract
Pulmonary granulomas are widely considered the epicenters of the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB). Recent animal studies have revealed factors that either promote or restrict TB immunity within granulomas. These models, however, typically ignore the impact of preexisting immunity on cellular organization and function, an important consideration because most TB probably occurs through reinfection of previously exposed individuals. Human postmortem research from the pre-antibiotic era showed that infections in Mtb-naïve individuals (primary TB) versus those with prior Mtb exposure (postprimary TB) have distinct pathologic features. We review recent animal findings in TB granuloma biology, which largely reflect primary TB. We also discuss our current understanding of postprimary TB lesions, about which much less is known. Many knowledge gaps remain, particularly regarding how preexisting immunity shapes granuloma structure and local immune responses at Mtb infection sites. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Immunology, Volume 40 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara B. Cohen
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Benjamin H. Gern
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kevin B. Urdahl
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) in humans is characterized by formation of immune-rich granulomas in infected tissues, the architecture and composition of which are thought to affect disease outcome. However, our understanding of the spatial relationships that control human granulomas is limited. Here, we used multiplexed ion beam imaging by time of flight (MIBI-TOF) to image 37 proteins in tissues from patients with active TB. We constructed a comprehensive atlas that maps 19 cell subsets across 8 spatial microenvironments. This atlas shows an IFN-γ-depleted microenvironment enriched for TGF-β, regulatory T cells and IDO1+ PD-L1+ myeloid cells. In a further transcriptomic meta-analysis of peripheral blood from patients with TB, immunoregulatory trends mirror those identified by granuloma imaging. Notably, PD-L1 expression is associated with progression to active TB and treatment response. These data indicate that in TB granulomas, there are local spatially coordinated immunoregulatory programs with systemic manifestations that define active TB.
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Joslyn LR, Linderman JJ, Kirschner DE. A virtual host model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection identifies early immune events as predictive of infection outcomes. J Theor Biol 2022; 539:111042. [PMID: 35114195 PMCID: PMC9169921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases and remains a significant global health burden. TB disease and pathology can present clinically across a spectrum of outcomes, ranging from total sterilization of infection to active disease. Much remains unknown about the biology that drives an individual towards various clinical outcomes as it is challenging to experimentally address specific mechanisms driving clinical outcomes. Furthermore, it is unknown whether numbers of immune cells in the blood accurately reflect ongoing events during infection within human lungs. Herein, we utilize a systems biology approach by developing a whole-host model of the immune response to Mtb across multiple physiologic and time scales. This model, called HostSim, tracks events at the cellular, granuloma, organ, and host scale and represents the first whole-host, multi-scale model of the immune response following Mtb infection. We show that this model can capture various aspects of human and non-human primate TB disease and predict that biomarkers in the blood may only faithfully represent events in the lung at early time points after infection. We posit that HostSim, as a first step toward personalized digital twins in TB research, offers a powerful computational tool that can be used in concert with experimental approaches to understand and predict events about various aspects of TB disease and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis R Joslyn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W Medical Center Drive, 5641 Medical Science II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5620; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, G045W NCRC B28, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136
| | - Jennifer J Linderman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, G045W NCRC B28, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136.
| | - Denise E Kirschner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W Medical Center Drive, 5641 Medical Science II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5620.
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Druszczyńska M, Godkowicz M, Kulesza J, Wawrocki S, Fol M. Cytokine Receptors-Regulators of Antimycobacterial Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1112. [PMID: 35163035 PMCID: PMC8835057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine receptors are critical regulators of the antimycobacterial immune response, playing a key role in initiating and coordinating the recruitment and activation of immune cells during infection. They recognize and bind specific cytokines and are involved in inducing intracellular signal transduction pathways that regulate a diverse range of biological functions, including proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and cell growth. Due to mutations in cytokine receptor genes, defective signaling may contribute to increased susceptibility to mycobacteria, allowing the pathogens to avoid killing and immune surveillance. This paper provides an overview of cytokine receptors important for the innate and adaptive immune responses against mycobacteria and discusses the implications of receptor gene defects for the course of mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Druszczyńska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
| | - Magdalena Godkowicz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
- Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Kulesza
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kniaziewicza 1/5, 91-347 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Sebastian Wawrocki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marek Fol
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (S.W.); (M.F.)
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Fisher BS, Fancher KA, Gustin AT, Fisher C, Wood MP, Gale M, Burwitz BJ, Smedley J, Klatt NR, Derby N, Sodora DL. Liver Bacterial Dysbiosis With Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria Occurs in SIV-Infected Macaques and Persists During Antiretroviral Therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 12:793842. [PMID: 35082782 PMCID: PMC8784802 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.793842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals, even during successful viral suppression with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Similar to HIV infection, SIV infection of rhesus macaques is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis and microbial translocation that can be detected systemically in the blood. As microbes leaving the intestines must first pass through the liver via the portal vein, we evaluated the livers of both SIV-infected (SIV+) and SIV-infected cART treated (SIV+cART) rhesus macaques for evidence of microbial changes compared to uninfected macaques. Dysbiosis was observed in both the SIV+ and SIV+cART macaques, encompassing changes in the relative abundance of several genera, including a reduction in the levels of Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus. Most strikingly, we found an increase in the relative abundance and absolute quantity of bacteria within the Mycobacterium genus in both SIV+ and SIV+cART macaques. Multi-gene sequencing identified a species of atypical mycobacteria similar to the opportunistic pathogen M. smegmatis. Phosphatidyl inositol lipoarabinomannan (PILAM) (a glycolipid cell wall component found in atypical mycobacteria) stimulation in primary human hepatocytes resulted in an upregulation of inflammatory transcriptional responses, including an increase in the chemokines associated with neutrophil recruitment (CXCL1, CXCL5, and CXCL6). These studies provide key insights into SIV associated changes in hepatic microbial composition and indicate a link between microbial components and immune cell recruitment in SIV+ and SIV+cART treated macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget S. Fisher
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Katherine A. Fancher
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrew T. Gustin
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Cole Fisher
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Matthew P. Wood
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michael Gale
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Nichole R. Klatt
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Nina Derby
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Donald L. Sodora
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, United States
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39
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Fisher KL, Rajkumar-Bhugeloo K, Moodley D, Mpotje T, Ramsuran D, Ndung'u T, Marakalala MJ. Investigating neutrophil cell death in TB pathogenesis. Gates Open Res 2021; 5:175. [DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13472.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neutrophils are one of the major early role players in antimycobacterial immunity. Upon infection, neutrophils can undergo NETosis, a cell death characterized by release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The role of NETosis in TB progression remains poorly characterized. We aim to characterize mechanisms underlying NETosis during TB pathogenesis by identifying genes that drive the cell death, and to determine their potential as markers of disease progression in high-risk individuals. Finally, we intend to evaluate neutrophil associated genes as targets for host directed therapy to reduce pathological damage caused by NETosis. Methods: Quantitative PCR will be used to quantify expression of specific genes identified in the blood of individuals with active lung disease (n=30), compared to those from healthy (n=30) and latently infected individuals (LTBI) (n=30). In addition, temporal events associated with NETosis will be measured using live microscopy in a neutrophil in vitro model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Candidate genes found to be associated with NETosis will be targeted with pharmaceutical inhibitors. Conclusion: Genes associated with neutrophil mediated cell death may serve as potential biomarkers of pathological damage and disease progression, as well as targets for host-directed therapy.
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40
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Chen H, Wu X, Xu C, Lin J, Liu Z. Dichotomous roles of neutrophils in modulating pathogenic and repair processes of inflammatory bowel diseases. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 4:246-257. [PMID: 35692862 PMCID: PMC8982532 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are considered as complex innate immune cells and play a critical role in maintaining intestinal mucosal homeostasis. They exert robust pro-inflammatory effects and recruit other immune cells in the acute phase of pathogen infection and intestinal inflammation, but paradoxically, they also limit exogenous microbial invasion and facilitate mucosal restoration. Hyperactivation or dysfunction of neutrophils results in abnormal immune responses, leading to multiple autoimmune and inflammatory diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). As a refractory intestinal inflammatory disease, the pathogenesis and progression of IBD are associated with complicated immune response processes in which neutrophils are profoundly involved. However, the consensus on potential roles of neutrophils in modulating pathogenic and repair processes of IBD remains not fully understood. Accumulated infiltrating neutrophils cross the epithelial barrier and contribute to microbial dysbiosis, aggravated intestinal architectural damage, compromised resolution of intestinal inflammation and increased risk of thrombosis during IBD. Paradoxically, activated neutrophils are also associated with effective elimination of invaded microbiota, promoted angiogenesis and tissue restoration of gut mucosa in IBD. Here, we discuss the beneficial and detrimental roles of neutrophils in the onset and resolution of intestinal mucosal inflammation, hoping to provide a precise overview of neutrophil functions in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chen
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chunjin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu City Affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351106, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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Abstract
Toxoplasmosis affects one-third of the human population worldwide. Humans are accidental hosts and are infected after consumption of undercooked meat and water contaminated with Toxoplasma gondii cysts and oocysts, respectively. Neutrophils have been shown to participate in the control of T. gondii infection in mice through a variety of effector mechanisms, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. However, few studies have demonstrated the role of neutrophils in individuals naturally infected with T. gondii. In the current study, we evaluated the activation status of neutrophils in individuals with acute or chronic toxoplasmosis and determined the role of T. gondii-induced NET formation in the amplification of the innate and adaptive immune responses. We observed that neutrophils are highly activated during acute infection through increased expression of CD66b. Moreover, neutrophils from healthy donors (HDs) cocultured with tachyzoites produced ROS and formed NETs, with the latter being dependent on glycolysis, succinate dehydrogenase, gasdermin D, and neutrophil elastase. Furthermore, we observed elevated levels of the chemokines (CXC motif) CXCL8 and (CC motif) CCL4 ligands in plasma from patients with acute toxoplasmosis and production by neutrophils from HDs exposed to T. gondii. Finally, we showed that T. gondii-induced NETs activate neutrophils and promote the recruitment of autologous CD4+ T cells and the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-17, and IL-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that T. gondii activates neutrophils and promotes the release of NETs, which amplify human innate and adaptive immune responses.
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42
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J NH, K LP, Selvaraj A, Chinnaraj S, Luke Elizabeth H. Toll like receptor (2 and 4) expression and cytokine release by human neutrophils during tuberculosis treatment-A longitudinal study. Mol Immunol 2021; 140:136-143. [PMID: 34710721 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Host innate immune responses to tuberculosis are poorly explored. Recent findings emphasize the importance of innate cells in working against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of this deadly disease. In this study we have tried to learn the role of neutrophils in building up immunity against this pathogen during therapy. We isolated neutrophils from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers and pulmonary tuberculosis patients at different phases of their treatment and cultured them withtoll like receptor ligands overnight. Toll like receptor 2 and 4 expression on neutrophils was analyzed using flow cytometry. The supernatants were used to measure cytokines. We found that in tuberculosis patients, expression of TLR2, a proven receptor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on neutrophils, was increased throughout the duration of therapy (measured at diagnosis, second month and sixth month of therapy). This demonstrates that TLR2 expression is altered as a result of treatment, but not TLR4. Also, the chemokines IL-8 and MIP1α showed a 'dip and raise' fashion as the therapy proceeded. Even though the increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by neutrophils seen at the end of therapy is not as expected, it definitely increases our understanding on the function of these cells during TB disease and its resolution and opens new direction in neutrophil research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Hilda J
- Department of HIV/ AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India.
| | - Lucia Precilla K
- Department of HIV/ AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - Anbalagan Selvaraj
- Department of HIV/ AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - Saravanan Chinnaraj
- Department of HIV/ AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - Hanna Luke Elizabeth
- Department of HIV/ AIDS, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
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43
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Hult C, Mattila JT, Gideon HP, Linderman JJ, Kirschner DE. Neutrophil Dynamics Affect Mycobacterium tuberculosis Granuloma Outcomes and Dissemination. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712457. [PMID: 34675916 PMCID: PMC8525425 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil infiltration into tuberculous granulomas is often associated with higher bacteria loads and severe disease but the basis for this relationship is not well understood. To better elucidate the connection between neutrophils and pathology in primate systems, we paired data from experimental studies with our next generation computational model GranSim to identify neutrophil-related factors, including neutrophil recruitment, lifespan, and intracellular bacteria numbers, that drive granuloma-level outcomes. We predict mechanisms underlying spatial organization of neutrophils within granulomas and identify how neutrophils contribute to granuloma dissemination. We also performed virtual deletion and depletion of neutrophils within granulomas and found that neutrophils play a nuanced role in determining granuloma outcome, promoting uncontrolled bacterial growth in some and working to contain bacterial growth in others. Here, we present three key results: We show that neutrophils can facilitate local dissemination of granulomas and thereby enable the spread of infection. We suggest that neutrophils influence CFU burden during both innate and adaptive immune responses, implying that they may be targets for therapeutic interventions during later stages of infection. Further, through the use of uncertainty and sensitivity analyses, we predict which neutrophil processes drive granuloma severity and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Hult
- Department of Mathematics, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, United States
| | - Joshua T Mattila
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hannah P Gideon
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer J Linderman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Denise E Kirschner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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44
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Boom WH, Schaible UE, Achkar JM. The knowns and unknowns of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136222. [PMID: 33529162 DOI: 10.1172/jci136222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) for thousands of years. While tuberculosis (TB), one of the deadliest infectious diseases, is caused by uncontrolled Mtb infection, over 90% of presumed infected individuals remain asymptomatic and contain Mtb in a latent TB infection (LTBI) without ever developing disease, and some may clear the infection. A small number of heavily Mtb-exposed individuals appear to resist developing traditional LTBI. Because Mtb has mechanisms for intracellular survival and immune evasion, successful control involves all of the arms of the immune system. Here, we focus on immune responses to Mtb in humans and nonhuman primates and discuss new concepts and outline major knowledge gaps in our understanding of LTBI, ranging from the earliest events of exposure and infection to success or failure of Mtb control.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Henry Boom
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Pathology, and.,Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ulrich E Schaible
- Division of Cellular Microbiology, Research Center Borstel-Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - Jacqueline M Achkar
- Department of Medicine and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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45
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Piergallini TJ, Scordo JM, Pino PA, Schlesinger LS, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Acute Inflammation Confers Enhanced Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0001621. [PMID: 34232086 PMCID: PMC8552513 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00016-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this study, we demonstrate that an inflammatory pulmonary environment at the time of infection mediated by lipopolysaccharide treatment in mice confers enhanced protection against M. tuberculosis for up to 6 months postinfection. This early and transient inflammatory environment was associated with a neutrophil and CD11b+ cell influx and increased inflammatory cytokines. In vitro infection demonstrated that neutrophils from lipopolysaccharide-treated mice exhibited increased association with M. tuberculosis and had a greater innate capacity for killing M. tuberculosis. Finally, partial depletion of neutrophils in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice showed an increase in M. tuberculosis burden, suggesting neutrophils played a part in the protection observed in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. These results indicate a positive role for an inflammatory environment in the initial stages of M. tuberculosis infection and suggest that acute inflammation at the time of M. tuberculosis infection can positively alter disease outcome. IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis disease, is estimated to infect one-fourth of the world's population and is one of the leading causes of death due to an infectious disease worldwide. The high-level variability in tuberculosis disease responses in the human populace may be linked to immune processes related to inflammation. In many cases, inflammation appears to exasperate tuberculosis responses; however, some evidence suggests inflammatory processes improve control of M. tuberculosis infection. Here, we show an acute inflammatory stimulus in mice provides protection against M. tuberculosis for up to 6 months, suggesting acute inflammation can positively affect M. tuberculosis infection outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tucker J. Piergallini
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Julia M. Scordo
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- The Barshop Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Paula A. Pino
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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46
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Jacobo-Delgado YM, Torres-Juarez F, Rodríguez-Carlos A, Santos-Mena A, Enciso-Moreno JE, Rivas-Santiago C, Diamond G, Rivas-Santiago B. Retinoic acid induces antimicrobial peptides and cytokines leading to Mycobacterium tuberculosis elimination in airway epithelial cells. Peptides 2021; 142:170580. [PMID: 34033876 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death by a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Alveolar macrophages and respiratory epithelial cells are the first cells exposed to Mtb during the primary infection, once these cells are activated, secrete cytokines and antimicrobial peptides that are associated with the Mtb contention and elimination. Vitamins are micronutrients that function as boosters on the innate immune system, however, is unclear whether they have any protective activity during Mtb infection. Thus, we investigated the role of vitamin A (retinoic acid), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calcitriol), and vitamin E (alfa-tocopherol) as inductors of molecules related to mycobacterial infection in macrophages and epithelial cells. Our results showed that retinoic acid promotes the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules such as Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), β-defensin-2, IL-1β, CCL20, β-defensin-3, Cathelicidin LL-37, TGF-β, and RNase 7, whereas calcitriol, ascorbic acid, and α-tocopherol lead to an anti-inflammatory response. Treatment of Mtb-infected epithelial cells and macrophage-like cells with the vitamins showed a differential response, where calcitriol reduced Mtb in macrophages, while retinoic acid reduced infection in epithelial cells. Thereby, we propose that a combination of calcitriol and retinoic acid supplementation can drive the immune response, and promotes the Mtb elimination by increasing the expression of antimicrobial peptides and cytokines, while simultaneously modulating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cesar Rivas-Santiago
- CONACYT-Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, University Autonomous of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Gill Diamond
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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47
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Kaewseekhao B, Roytrakul S, Yingchutrakul Y, Laohaviroj M, Salao K, Faksri K. Characterisation of secretome-based immune responses of human leukocytes infected with various Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11565. [PMID: 34141493 PMCID: PMC8180191 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in immune responses against different lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and by different types of immune cell, are still poorly understood. We aimed to compare the secretome-based immune responses among three Mtb lineages and among immune-cell types. The immune responses were also investigated during infection and when the bacilli had been eliminated from the immune cells. Methods Human primary leukocytes were infected with strains representing three lineages of Mtb (East-Asian, Indo-Oceanic and Euro-American). Label-free GeLC MS/MS proteomic analysis of secretomes was performed. The response of each immune-cell type was compared with the appropriate interactome database for each. Results The expression pattern of proteins secreted by Mtb-infected leukocytes differed among Mtb lineages. The ancestral lineage (IO lineage) had a greater ability to activate MMP14 (associated with leukocyte migration) than did the more recent lineages (EA and EuA). During infection, proteins secreted by macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and B-cells were associated with cell proliferation. Following clearance of Mtb, proteins associated with interferon signaling were found in macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils: proteins associated with antigen processing were found in B-cells and regulatory T-cells. Expression of immune response-related proteins from many immune-cell types might be suppressed by Mtb infection. Our study has provided a better insight into the host-pathogen interaction and immune response against different Mtb lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Kaewseekhao
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Yodying Yingchutrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Marut Laohaviroj
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kanin Salao
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kiatichai Faksri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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48
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Neutrophils in Tuberculosis: Cell Biology, Cellular Networking and Multitasking in Host Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094801. [PMID: 33946542 PMCID: PMC8125784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils readily infiltrate infection foci, phagocytose and usually destroy microbes. In tuberculosis (TB), a chronic pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), neutrophils harbor bacilli, are abundant in tissue lesions, and their abundances in blood correlate with poor disease outcomes in patients. The biology of these innate immune cells in TB is complex. Neutrophils have been assigned host-beneficial as well as deleterious roles. The short lifespan of neutrophils purified from blood poses challenges to cell biology studies, leaving intracellular biological processes and the precise consequences of Mtb–neutrophil interactions ill-defined. The phenotypic heterogeneity of neutrophils, and their propensity to engage in cellular cross-talk and to exert various functions during homeostasis and disease, have recently been reported, and such observations are newly emerging in TB. Here, we review the interactions of neutrophils with Mtb, including subcellular events and cell fate upon infection, and summarize the cross-talks between neutrophils and lung-residing and -recruited cells. We highlight the roles of neutrophils in TB pathophysiology, discussing recent findings from distinct models of pulmonary TB, and emphasize technical advances that could facilitate the discovery of novel neutrophil-related disease mechanisms and enrich our knowledge of TB pathogenesis.
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49
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González LA, Melo-González F, Sebastián VP, Vallejos OP, Noguera LP, Suazo ID, Schultz BM, Manosalva AH, Peñaloza HF, Soto JA, Parker D, Riedel CA, González PA, Kalergis AM, Bueno SM. Characterization of the Anti-Inflammatory Capacity of IL-10-Producing Neutrophils in Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:638917. [PMID: 33995357 PMCID: PMC8113954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.638917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are immune cells classically defined as pro-inflammatory effector cells. However, current accumulated evidence indicates that neutrophils have more versatile immune-modulating properties. During acute lung infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae in mice, interleukin-10 (IL-10) production is required to temper an excessive lung injury and to improve survival, yet the cellular source of IL-10 and the immunomodulatory role of neutrophils during S. pneumoniae infection remain unknown. Here we show that neutrophils are the main myeloid cells that produce IL-10 in the lungs during the first 48 h of infection. Importantly, in vitro assays with bone-marrow derived neutrophils confirmed that IL-10 can be induced by these cells by the direct recognition of pneumococcal antigens. In vivo, we identified the recruitment of two neutrophil subpopulations in the lungs following infection, which exhibited clear morphological differences and a distinctive profile of IL-10 production at 48 h post-infection. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of neutrophils from WT mice into IL-10 knockout mice (Il10-/-) fully restored IL-10 production in the lungs and reduced lung histopathology. These results suggest that IL-10 production by neutrophils induced by S. pneumoniae limits lung injury and is important to mediate an effective immune response required for host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana A González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Melo-González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina P Sebastián
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Omar P Vallejos
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loreani P Noguera
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isidora D Suazo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara M Schultz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés H Manosalva
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hernán F Peñaloza
- Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jorge A Soto
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dane Parker
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Claudia A Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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50
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Malek AE, Fife CE, Rasmussen JC, Karni RJ, Morrow JR, Wanger A, Sevick-Muraca EM, Ostrosky-Zeichner L. Lymphatic Dissemination and Axillary Web Syndrome in Primary Cutaneous Tuberculosis Secondary to Needlestick Injury. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab160. [PMID: 34322561 PMCID: PMC8312518 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous tuberculosis secondary to skin inoculation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is uncommon but it can occur in the health care settings. Herein, we report an unusual case of primary cutaneous tuberculosis of the thumb following a needlestick injury. The infection progressed with a necrotic granuloma, lymphatic dysfunction as visualized by near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging, and the development of an axillary web syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre E Malek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Caroline E Fife
- Department of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,CHI St Luke's Hospital, The Woodlands, Texas, USA
| | - John C Rasmussen
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Brown Foundation Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ron J Karni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John R Morrow
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Brown Foundation Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Audrey Wanger
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eva M Sevick-Muraca
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Brown Foundation Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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